Isomerization of dichlorobutenes

... 3,4-Dichlorobutene-1 and 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 are isomerized in the presence of a catalyst of a combination of a copper compound or copper metal and at least one additive from the group of 1,3-diphenylguanidine, di-o-tolylguanidine, glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and 2-amino-4-chlorophenol.

PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING 5-FLUOR-1,3-DIALKYL 1H-PYRAZOL-4-CARBONSÄUREFLUORIDEN

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF ESTERS

CATALYSIS USING SUPPORTED STRONG BASE CATALYSTS

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques.

SURFACE MODIFIED CARBONATE MATERIALS

Greffage d'un polymère à la surface d'un matériau carboné comportant des fonctions carboxyles, amines et/ou hydroxyles à sa surface. On met ce matériau en suspension dans une solution comprenant le polymère à greffer, lequel comporte une fonction carboxyle, amine et/ou hydroxyle, la solution comprenant aussi un solvant du polymère. On effectue ensuite un traitement provoquant la déshydratation en une fonction carboxyle, d'une fonction amine et/ou hydroxyle et l'on greffe ainsi le polymère sur le matériau carboné par des liens esters ou amides. Utilisation dans la cathode ou l'anode d'un générateur électrochimique, dans un matériau polymère peu polaire, dans une encre, et comme dépôt conducteur sur un plastique flexible utilisé comme contact électrique, comme protection électromagnétique ou comme protection antistatique. Grafting of a polymer on the surface of a carbonaceous material comprising carboxyl, amine and / or hydroxyl functions on its surface. This material is suspended in a solution comprising the polymer to graft, which has a carboxyl, amine function and / or hydroxyl, the solution also comprising a solvent for the polymer. We then performs a treatment causing dehydration by a carboxyl function, an amine and / or hydroxyl function and one grafts thus the polymer on the carbonaceous material by ester links or amides. Use in the cathode or anode of a generator electrochemical, in a slightly polar polymer material, in an ink, and as a conductive deposit on a flexible plastic used as a contact electric, as electromagnetic protection or as antistatic protection.

NEW CATALYSTS OF DECARBOXYLATION AND THEIR APPLICATION TO the PREPARATION Of ETHERS OR THIOETHERS OF PHENYL AND ALKYL OR ARALKYLE

SURFACE MODIFIED CARBONATE MATERIALS

Disclosed is a method for grafting a polymer onto the surface of a carbonate material with carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl functions on its surface. Said material is placed in suspension in a solution including the polymer to be grafted, which has a carboxyl, amine, and/or hydroxyl function, said solution also being comprised of a polymer solvent. A process which stimulates the dehydration into a carboxyl function of an amine and/or hydroxyl function is then performed, and the polymer is grafted onto the carbonate material using ester or amide links. The invention can be used in the cathode or naode of an electrochemical generator, in polymer materials with low polar properties, in ink, and also as a conductive coating on flexible plastic used as an electrical contact, as electromagnetic shielding, or as static protection.

MALONONITRILE-DERIVATIVE ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

The invention is related to ionic compounds, derivatives of malononitrile, in which the anionic load has been displaced. An ionic compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO+, an ammonium -NH¿4?+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion corresponds to one of the formulas R¿D?-Y-C(C≡N)2?-¿ or Z-C(C≡N)¿2?-, wherein Z is an electroattractive group, R¿D? is an organic radical, and Y is a carbonyl, a thiocarbonyl, a sulphonyl, a sulphinyl, or a phosphonyl. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Perfluorinated amide salts and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M<+m >in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; is the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO<+>, an ammonium -NH4+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula RF-SOx-N-Z, wherein RF is a perfluorinated group, x is 1 or 2, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FORMATES

CATALYST SYSTEM

A catalyst system comprising: a) a metal complex of the formula CyLMZp, wherein M is a group 4 metal Z is an anionic ligand, p is number of 1 to 2, preferably 2 Cy is a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand and, L is a ligand of the formula (A) wherein each A is independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorus and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl, unsubstituted or substituted silyl and unsubstituted or substituted germyl residues, and b) a boron containing activator, characterized in that the molar ratio of the boron of the activator to M of the metal complex is greater than 2.5.

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques. The present invention relates to the use of ionic compounds derived from malononitrile as a photoinitiator source of catalyst acid in a process for the polymerization or crosslinking of monomers or prepolymers capable of reacting cationically, or as a catalyst in a process for the modification of polymers. The invention also relates to the use of ionic compounds derived from malononitrile in cationic dyes.

USE OF AN IONIC COMPOUND, DERIVED FROM MALONONITRILE AS A PHOTOINITIATOR, RADICAL INITIATORS OR CATALYSER IN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES OR AS A BASIC DYE

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques.

CONTINUOUS PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PROPARGYLCHLORID

SYNTHESIS OF CARBAMATE OR UREA COMPOUNDS

The invention pertains to the synthesis of carbamate and urea compounds. In particular the invention is directed to the synthesis of carbamate and urea compounds which may be used in the production of compounds that are used to stabilize nitrocellulose. The method of the invention comprises preparing a carbamate or urea derivative comprising reacting an amine and a carbonate or carbamate in the presence of an ionic liquid.

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF ESTERS

Transesterification of esters A process for the transesterification of a carboxylic or carbonic acid ester comprises reacting the carboxylic or carbonic acid ester under transesterification conditions with an alcohol in the presence, as catalyst, of either (i) a Group V element-containing Lewis base and an epoxide or (ii) a cyclic amidine. The Lewis base can be an organic compound containing trivalent phosphorus or nitrogen and can be an amine, for example an amidine. The process ran be operated in the liquid phase at a temperature of from 15 to 150.degree.C, and the catalyst is employed in solution. Preferred catalysts are those where the cyclic amidine forms part of a fused ring system containing six and five membered rings, six and seven membered rings or two six membered rings.

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF ESTERS

Process for producing carbonyl sulfide

Can be curable silicone coating composition

PROCEEDED Of ISOMERIZATION OF DICHLOROBUTENES IN THE PRESENCE OF a CATALYST CONTAINING ONE COMPOSES OF COPPER

SILICONE COMPOSITION WHICH IS CROSS-LINKABLE BY DEHYDROGENATIVE CONDENSATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A NON-METAL CATALYST

본 발명은 SiH/SiOH 기를 가진 구성성분을 포함하고, 비금속 삼- 또는 사치환된 실릴화되지 않은 구아니딘 촉매의 존재 하에 낮은 활성화 온도를 필수조건으로 하는 탈수소 축합 반응에 의해 중합/가교될 수 있는 실리콘 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention includes silicones comprising components with SiH / SiOH groups and which can be polymerized / crosslinked by dehydrogen condensation reactions with low activation temperatures as essential in the presence of a nonmetallic tri- or tetrasubstituted unsilylated guanidine catalyst. It relates to a composition.

CURABLE-ON-DEMAND POLYSILOXANE COATING COMPOSITION

A curable composition comprises (a) at least one polyorganosiloxane, fluorinated polyorganosiloxane, or combination thereof comprising reactive silane functionality comprising at least two hydroxysilyl moieties; (b) at least one polyorganosiloxane, fluorinated polyorganosiloxane, or combination thereof comprising reactive silane functionality comprising at least two hydrosilyl moieties; and (c) at least one photoactivatable composition comprising at least one organoborate salt selected from tetraarylborate, triarylorganoborate, diaryldiorganoborate, and aryltriorganoborate salts (and combinations thereof) of at least one base selected from amidines, guanidines, phosphazenes, proazaphosphatranes, and combinations thereof; wherein at least one of the components (a) and (b) has an average reactive silane functionality of at least three.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von aromatischen o-Chlormethylcarbonsäurechloriden

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FORMATES

Process for the production of formates An alkyl ester of formic acid is prepared by reacting carbon monoxide with an alcohol in the presence, as catalyst, of (a) a guanidine or (b) an amidine and an epoxide. The amidine or guanidine structure can be cyclic. The process can be operated in the liquid phase at pressures from 20 to 120 bars and temperatures from 40 to 150.degree.C with excess carbon monoxide over that required for conversion of the alcohol to the formate ester.

Silicone composition suitable for cross-linking by dehydrocondensation in presence of non-metal catalyst

本发明涉及有机硅组合物，其包含带有SiH/SiOH基团的成分并且通过在催化剂存在下的脱氢-缩合反应可聚合/可交联，该催化剂是五取代的非甲硅烷基化的胍类型的非金属催化剂，并且要求低活化温度。

A process for synthesizing of glycolide

一种全绿色合成乙交酯的工艺方法。本发明提供的工艺方法是采用无毒的环状有机胍化合物与无毒的线性有机胍化合物组成二元复合催化体系，以质量含量70％的乙醇酸水溶液为原料，通过反应性减压蒸馏法实现高纯度(≥99.9％)乙交酯的高产率(≥98.0％)合成。本发明的优点为：所采用的二元复合催化体系为无毒、无金属、无细胞毒性的有机胍化合物，催化效率高、用量少；所合成的乙交酯产率高、纯度高；采用无溶剂、封闭循环工艺，无三废排放，工艺流程简化，易于工业化实施。

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 5-FLUORO-1,3-DIALKYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-CARBONYL FLUORIDES

The invention relates to a novel method for production of known 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl fluorides, which may be used as starting material for fungicidal agents by means of a Halex reaction. © KIPO & WIPO 2008 ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF CATALYSER TO PRODUCE CARBONATES AROMATICAL

Cucurbituril derivatives, their preparation method and uses

Cucurbituril derivatives, their prepartion methods and uses. The cucurbituril derivatives have the formula (1) where X is O, S or NH; R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylcarboxyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylsilyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, nitro group, alkylamine groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, amine group, aminoalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups of 4 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms, unsubstituted aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms; and n is an integer from 4 to 20, wherein the cucurbituril derivatives having ...

Pentacyclic anion salts or tetrazapentalene derivatives and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M m+ in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO + , an ammonium —NH 4 + , a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic load is carried by a pentacyclical nucleus of tetrazapentalene derivative bearing electroattractive substituents. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorant, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Salts of heterocyclic anions and their uses as ionic conductive materials

Salts of heterocyclic anions Ionic compounds comprising an anionic part in association with cationic part(s) M+m in a number sufficient to provide electronic neutrality to the compound, M = hydroxonium, nitronium NO+, ammonium -NH4+, a metallic cation with a valency m, an organic cation with a valency m, or an organometallic cation having a valency m, and the anionic part is an aromatic heterocycle of formula (I) or (II): Y1-Y5 = carbonyl, sulphonyl, thiocarbonyl, thionyl, -C(=NCN)- or -C(=C(CN)2)- groups; Z = an electron-attracting group having a Hammett parameter at least equal to that of a fluorine atom; and Ra - Rd = monovalent or divalent organic radical or form part of a polymer chain, with the proviso that Rc and/or Rd is a perfluorinated radical.

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates

MALONONITRILE-DERIVATIVE ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile comme photoinitiateur source d'acide catalyseur dans un procédé de polymérisation ou de réticulation de monomères ou de prépolymères capables de réagir par voie cationique, ou comme catalyseur dans un procédé pour la modification de polymères. L'invention vise également l'utilisation de composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans les colorants cationiques.

PERFLUORINATED AMIDE SALTS AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention est constitué par une amide ou l'un de ses sels, comprenant une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M+m en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m ou un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La partie anionique répond à la formule RF-SOx-N-Z dans laquelle RF est un groupe perfluoré, x est 1 ou 2, et Z est un substituant électroattracteur. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

PERFLUORINATED AMIDE SALTS AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention est constitué par une amide ou l'un de ses sels, comprenant une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M+m en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m ou un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La partie anionique répond à la formule RF-SOx-N-Z dans laquelle RF est un groupe perfluoré, x est 1 ou 2, et Z est un substituant électroattracteur. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

New decarboxylation catalysts and their application to the preparation of phenylalkyl or aralkyl ethers or thioethers

The new decarboxylation catalysts are characterised in that they have the formula: in which each of R<1> to R<5>, which are identical or different, denotes: - a saturated or unsaturated branched or unbranched C1-C30 alkyl radical which may be connected to another radical to form a ring, - an aryl or aralkyl radical with up to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or substituted by one or a number of halogen atoms and/or groups such as nitrile, nitrate, acyl or acyloxy, or R<1> solely may denote an aromatic heterocyclic ring such as a pyridyl or pyrimidinyl ring or a heteroatom substituted by one or a number of C1-C10 alkyl radicals, such as a dialkylamino radical. They are employed in particular for decarboxylating at a temperature higher than or equal to 10 DEG C an alkyl or aralkyl (thio)carbonate or a dialkyl or aralkyl carbonate in the presence of the (thio)phenolic derivative in order to obtain phenylalkyl or aralkyl (thio)ethers which are very useful intermediates for the preparation of colorants, plant-protection agents and perfumes.

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF OPTICAL MEMBER COMPRISING MULTI LAYERED LOW-REFLECTION COATING LAYER AND OPTICAL MEMBER MENUFACTURED BY THE SAME

본 명세서는 다층형 저반사 코팅층을 포함하는 광학 부재의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 광학 부재를 제공한다. The present specification provides a method of manufacturing an optical member including a multilayer type low-reflection coating layer and an optical member manufactured using the same.

CHIRAL FIVE-MEMBERED BICYCLIC GUANIDINE COMPOUND, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Disclosed are a chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The structure of the chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound is shown in Formula (I). The preparation method of the chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound is obtained by making proper adjustment on an existing synthetic route of the chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound. Two side chains of the chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound are diphenylmethyl groups, so that a larger chiral space is formed. Moreover, the phenyl group probably forms π-π overlap with a substrate containing conjugated groups so as to improve the effect of chiral induction. Therefore, more catalytic substrates can be applied to the compound of Formula (I), and the chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound of the present invention has better catalytic performance than the existing chiral five-membered bicyclic guanidine compound.

METHOD AND CATALYST SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AROMATIC CARBONATES

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système catalyseur permettant de produire de façon économique des carbonates aromatiques à partir de composés hydroxy aromatiques. Dans un mode de réalisation, un procédé consiste à carbonyler des composés hydroxy aromatiques en mettant au moins un composé hydroxy aromatique en contact avec l'oxygène et le monoxyde de carbone, en présence d'un système catalyseur de carbonylation renfermant une dose catalytique d'un co-catalyseur inorganique contenant du plomb et une dose catalytique d'un co-catalyseur inorganique contenant du titane. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, le système catalyseur de carbonylation peut contenir une dose efficace d'une source de palladium et une dose efficace d'une composition halogénure. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation encore, des doses catalytiques de diverses combinaisons de co-catalyseurs inorganiques sont incorporées.

PROTON CONDUCTOR IN LIQUID FORM

Disclosed is a proton conductor in liquid form, comprised of a mixture of the following components: (a) a salt combined with a nitrogenated base along with an acid, according to formula (I), wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, whether identical or different, represent a group -N= or -C(Zi)=, wherein Zi represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an oxoalkyl or azaalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as long as at least one and at most two of the groups Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 represent -N=; two adjacent carbon atoms are possibly hydrogenated; the nitrogenated base possibly forms part of a polymeric matrix; and X- represents an anion derivative of an acid selected from the group formed by the sulphonic acids of the formula RFSO3H, the sulphonimides of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)NH and the methylures of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)CH2 or (RFSO2) (R'FSO2) (R"FSO2)CH, wherein RF, R'F or ...

Application using non-covalent bond between a cucurbituril derivative and a ligand

Provided are a kit including a first component that is a compound of formula (1) below bound to a first material and a second component that is a ligand bound to a second material, wherein each of the first and second materials is independently selected from the group consisting of a solid phase, a biomolecule, an antioxidant, a chemical therapeutic agent, an anti-histaminic agent, a cucurbituril dendrimer, a cyclodextrin derivative, a crown ether derivative, a calixarene derivative, a cyclophane derivative, a cyclic peptide derivative, a metallic ion, a chromophore, a fluorescent material, a phosphor, a radioactive material, and a catalyst; and the ligand can non-covalently bind to the compound of formula (1); a method of separating and purifying a material bound to a ligand using the compound of formula (1) bound to a solid phase; a method of separating and purifying the compound of formula (1) or a material bound to the compound using a ligand bound to a solid phase; a sensor chip including ...

Catalyst for synthesis of siloxanes

The present technology provides compositions, methods, and processes to form polysiloxanes. In one aspect, the present technology provides a process for the ring opening polymerization of a cyclosiloxane comprising contacting a cyclosiloxane with a bicyclic guanidine compound. The guanidine-containing compounds useful in the ring opening reaction include a fused ring structure comprising a guanidine functional group as part of the fused ring.

CATALYSIS USING SUPPORTED STRONG BASE CATALYSTS AND SUPPORTED CATALYSTS

ISOMERIZATION OF DICHLOROBUTENES

PROTON CONDUCTOR IN LIQUID FORM

L'invention concerne un conducteur protonique sous forme liquide, constitué d'un mélange des composants suivants: (a) un sel d'addition d'une base azotée avec un acide, répondant à la formule: (I) dans laquelle Z1, Z2, Z3 et Z4, identiques ou différents, représentent un groupement -N= ou -C(Zi)= dans lequel Zi désigne un atome d'hydrogène, un radical alkyle linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, un radical fluoroalkyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, ou un radical oxoalkyle ou azaalkyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, sous réserve qu'au moins un et au plus deux des groupements Z1, Z2, Z3 et Z4 représentent -N=, deux atomes de carbone adjacents étant éventuellement hydrogénés et la base azotée faisant éventuellement partie d'une trame polymérique, et X- représente un anion dérivé d'un acide choisi dans le groupe constitué par les acides sulfoniques de formule RFSO3H, les sulfonimides de formule (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)NH et les méthylures de formule (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)CH2 ou (RFSO2) (R'FSO2) (R"FSO2)CH, dans lesquelles RF, R'F ou R"F représente indépendamment un radical F(CF2)n-, n étant compris entre 0 et 6, l'acide faisant éventuellement partie d'une trame polymérique; et (b) une base azotée répondant à la formule (II) dans laquelle Z1, Z2, Z3 et Z4 ont les significations précitées, la base azotée faisant éventuellement partie d'une trame polymérique; les composants (a) et (b) étant présents dans des proportions telles à former une composition ayant un point de fusion inférieur à 25 ~C. Le conducteur protonique selon l'invention est utile comme électrolyte liquide, gel ou polymère dans divers systèmes électrochimiques. The invention relates to a proton conductor in liquid form, consisting of a mixture of the following components: (a) an addition salt of a nitrogenous base with an acid, corresponding to the formula: (I) in which Z1, Z2 , Z3 and Z4, identical or different, represent a ...

HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention a pour objet des composés ioniques, dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée, et leurs utilisations. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M+m en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. La partie anionique est constituée par l'un des groupes (A) et (B) dans lesquels Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 et Y5 représentent un groupement carbonyle, un groupement sulfonyle, un groupe thiocarbonyle, un groupement thionyle, un groupement C(=NCN)- ou un groupement -C(=C(CN)2)-; Z représente un radical électroattracteur; chacun des substituants RA, RB, RC et RD représentent indépendamment des autres un radical organique monovalent ou divalent, ou fait partie d'une chaîne polymère, l'un au moins des substituants RC et RD étant un radical perfluoré. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques. The subject of the invention is ionic compounds, in which the anionic charge is delocalized, and their uses. A compound of the invention comprises an anionic part associated with at least one cationic part M + m in sufficient number to ensure the electronic neutrality of the whole. The anionic part is constituted by one of the groups (A) and (B) in which Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and Y5 represent a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a thiocarbonyl group, a thionyl group, a group C ( = NCN) - or a group -C (= C (CN) 2) -; Z represents an electron-withdrawing radical; each of the substituents RA, RB, RC and RD independently represent the others a monovalent or divalent organic radical, or is part of a polymer chain, at least one of the substituents RC and RD being a perfluorinated radical. The compounds are useful in particular for ionically conductive materials, electronically conductive materials, dyes and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

processo para produzir fluoretos de ácido 5-flúor-1,3-dialquil-1h-pirazol-4-carboxílico

PERFLUORINATED AMIDE SALTS AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO+, an ammonium -NH4+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula Rf-SOx-N-Z, wherein Rf is a perfluorinated group, x is 1 or 2, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Method of preparing and uses of cucurbituril devices

Cucurbituril derivatives, their prepartion methods and uses. The cucurbituril derivatives have the formula (1) where X is O, S or NH; R2and R2are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylcarboxyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylsilyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, nitro group, alkylamine groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, amine group, aminoalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups of 4 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms, unsubstituted aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms; and n is an integer from 4 to 20, wherein the cucurbituril derivatives having ...

Ionic malonitril derivatives and their uses

SILICONE COMPOSITION SUITABLE FOR CROSS-LINKING BY DEHYDROCONDENSATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A NON-METAL CATALYST

The present invention relates to a silicone composition including components containing SiH/SiOH groups, which can be polymerised/cross-linked by a dehydrocondensation reaction in the presence of a non-metal catalyst such as non-silylated, pentasubstituted guanidine, requiring a low activation temperature.

CUCURBITURIL DERIVATIVE, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND USE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cucurbituril derivative, a method for producing the derivative and a use. SOLUTION: This cucurbituril derivative is represented by formula 1 (wherein, X is O, S or NH; and R1 and R2 are each selected from H, a 1-3C alkyl or alkenyl, a 1-30C alkynyl, a 1-30C alkylthio, a 1-30C alkylcarboxyl; a 1-30C hydroxyalkyl; a 1-30C alkylsilyl, a 1-30C alkoxy, a 1-30C haloalkyl, nitro, a 1-30C alkylamino, amino, a 1-30C aminoalkyl, a substitutable 5-30C cycloalkyl, a 4-30C cycloalkyl having a hetero atom, a substitutable 6-30C aryl and a hetero atom-containing 6-30C aryl; n is 4-20; with the proviso that when n s 6, R1 and R2 are H, and X is O, the case where n is 5, R1 is CH3, R2 is H and X is O is omitted). COPYRIGHT: (C)2001,JPO ...

FLÜSSIGER PROTONENLEITER

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF ESTERS EMPLOYING NOVEL CATALYST

MALONONITRILE-DERIVATIVE ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention a pour objet des composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé ionique de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique Mm+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. Il est caractérisé en ce que M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m ou un cation organométallique ayant la valence m, et que la partie anionique répond à l'une des formules RD-Y-C(CN)2- ou Z-C(CN)2- dans lesquelles Z est un groupe électroattracteur, RD est un radical organique et Y est un carbonyle, un thiocarbonyle, un sulfonyle, un sulfinyle ou un phosphonyle. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

PROTON CONDUCTOR IN LIQUID FORM

L'invention concerne un conducteur protonique sous forme liquide, constitué d'un mélange des composants suivants: (a) un sel d'addition d'une base azotée avec un acide, répondant à la formule: (I) dans laquelle Z1, Z2, Z3 et Z4, identiques ou différents, représentent un groupement -N- ou -C(Z i)- dans lequel Z i désigne un atome d'hydrogène, un radical alkyle linéaire ou ramifié ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, un radical fluoroalkyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone , ou un radical oxoalkyle ou azaalkyle ayant de 1 à 20 atomes de carbone, sous réserve qu'au moins un et au plus deux des groupemen ts Z1, Z2, Z3 et Z4 représentent -N-, deux atomes de carbone adjacents étant éventuellement hydrogénés et la base azotée faisant éventuellement partie d'une trame polymérique, et X- représente un anion dérivé d'un acide choisi dans le groupe constitué par les acides sulfoniques de formule RFSO3H, les sulfonimides de formule (R F SO2) (R'F SO2)NH et les méthylures de formule (R F SO2) (R'F SO2 ...

SURFACE MODIFIED CARBONATE MATERIALS

<IMG> Greffage d'un polymère à la surface d'un matériau carboné comportant des fonctions carboxyles, amines et/ou hydroxyles à sa surface. On met ce matériau en suspension dans une solution comprenant le polymère à greffer, lequel comporte une fonction carboxyle, amine et/ou hydroxyle, la solution comprenant aussi un solvant du polymère. On effectue ensuite un traitement provoquant la déshydratation en une fonction carboxyle, d'une fonction amine et/ou hydroxyle et l'on greffe ainsi le polymère sur le matériau carboné par des liens esters ou amides. Utilisation dans la cathode ou l'anode d'un générateur électrochimique, dans un matériau polymère peu polaire, dans une encre, et comme dépôt conducteur sur un plastique flexible utilisé comme contact électrique, comme protection électromagnétique ou comme protection antistatique.

PENTACYCLIC ANION SALTS OR TETRAZAPENTALENE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M m+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m, un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La charge anionique est portée par un noyau pentacyclique ou dérivé de tétrazapentalène portant des substituants électroattracteurs. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

PROCEDE D'ISOMERISATION DE DICHLOROBUTENES EN PRESENCE D'UN CATALYSEUR A BASE D'UN COMPOSE DE CUIVRE

... a. Procédé d'isomérisation entre le 3,4-dichlorobutène-1 et le 1,4-dichlorobutène-2 consistant à opérer en présence d'un catalyseur entre 80 et 130 degrés C. b. Ce catalyseur est une combinaison d'un composé de cuivre et d'au moins un des composés suivants : 1,3-diphénylguanidine; di-o-tolylguanidine; chlorhydrate de pipéridine; chlorhydrate de l'ester éthylique de la glycine; 2-amino-4-chlorophénol. c. Fabrication du 3,4-dichlorobutène-1 et ou 1-4-dichlorobutène-2.

GUANIDINE COMPOUND AND ASYMMETRIC REACTION USING THE SAME

A guanidine compound which has a bi-aryl skeleton represented by the following general formula (1): [wherein R1, R2 and R3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent or a heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent, R4 to R15 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent, a heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent or the like, and in any combination of R1 to R15, these substituents may together bind with each other to form a ring, and X1 to X8 each represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom]. The above guadinine compound is useful as a catalyst for a variety of asymmetric reactions.

METHOD AND CATALYST SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING AROMATIC CARBONATES

L'invention concerne un système de catalyseur et un procédé pour produire économiquement des carbonates aromatiques à partir de composés hydroxyles aromatiques. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé pour carabonyler des composés hydroxyles par la mise en contact d'au moins un composé hydroxylé aromatique avec de l'oxygène et du monoxyde de carbone en présence d'un système de catalyseur de carbonylation qui comprend une quantité catalytique d'un cocatalyseur inorganique comprenant du titane. Dans divers modes de réalisation alternatifs, le système de catalyseur de carbonylation peut comprendre une quantité efficace d'une source de palladium et une quantité efficace d'une composition d'halogénures. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation alternatifs, le système peut comprendre des quantités catalytiques de diverses combinaisons de cocatalyseurs inorganiques.

METHOD OF PREPARING GLYCOLIDE

A method of preparing glycolide, the method including dehydrative oligomerization and catalytic depolymerization. The dehydrative oligomerization includes stepwise heating a glycolic acid aqueous solution from room temperature to a temperature of between 200 and 210° C., and maintaining the temperature at each corresponding temperature stage, to yield an oligoglycolic acid. The catalytic depolymerization includes adding a binary complex catalytic system to the oligoglycolic acid to yield a reactant mixture, stepwise heating the reactant mixture from room temperature to a temperature of between 280 and 285° C., and maintaining the temperature at each corresponding temperature stage. 1. A method , comprising:a1) adding a 70 wt. % glycolic acid aqueous solution to a reactor, heating the glycolic acid aqueous solution to a temperature of between 100 and 110° C. at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5° C./min, and maintaining the temperature under atmosphere for 1.0-2.0 hours;b1) heating the glycolic acid aqueous solution from the temperature of between 100 and 110° C. to a temperature of between 140 and 150° C. at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5° C./min, and maintaining the temperature under atmosphere for 1.0-2.0 hours;c1) heating the glycolic acid aqueous solution from the temperature of between 140 and 150° C. to a temperature of between 155 and 165° C. at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5° C./min, and maintaining the temperature under atmosphere for 1.0-2.0 hours;d1) heating the glycolic acid aqueous solution from the temperature of between 155 and 165° C. to a temperature of between 200 and 210° C. at a heating rate of 1.0-1.5° C./min, decreasing a pressure of the glycolic acid aqueous solution from the atmosphere to an absolute pressure of between 90.0 and 95.0 torr at a decompression rate of 1.0-1.5 torr/min, and maintaining the temperature and pressure for 1.0-1.5 hours;e1) under the temperature of between 200 and 210° C., decreasing the pressure of the glycolic acid aqueous solution ...

SILICONE COMPOSITION WHICH IS CROSS-LINKABLE BY DEHYDROGENATIVE CONDENSATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A NON-METAL CATALYST

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FORMATES

CATALYSIS USING SUPPORTED STRONG BASE CATALYSTS

Case5825(2) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE CATALYSIS USING SUPPORTED STRONG BASE CATALYSTS A catalyst suitable for use in reactions catalysed by strong base is provided. The catalyst comprises an organic compound containing a Group VA element for example an amine or phosphine supported on a solid which is insoluble in the reaction mixture. The catalyst may be activated by treatment with an epoxide. Catalysts in which the amine is an amidine or a guanidine are particularly effective.

PENTACYCLIC ANION SALTS OR TETRAZAPENTALENE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M m+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m, un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La charge anionique est portée par un noyau pentacyclique ou dérivé de tétrazapentalène portant des substituants électroattracteurs. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques. The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic charge is delocalized. A compound of the invention comprises an anionic part associated with at least one cationic part M m + in sufficient number to ensure the electronic neutrality of the whole. M is a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO +, an ammonium -NH4 +, a metal cation having the valence m, an organic cation having the valence m, an organometallic cation having the valence m. The anionic charge is carried by a pentacyclic ring or derivative of tetrazapentalene carrying electron-withdrawing substituents. The compounds are useful in particular for ionically conductive materials, electronically conductive materials, dyes and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

PENTACYCLIC ANION SALTS OR TETRAZAPENTALENE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M m+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m, un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La charge anionique est portée par un noyau pentacyclique ou dérivé de tétrazapentalène portant des substituants électroattracteurs. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

Article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

The present invention relates to an article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses, and also to a method for delaying the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semi-submersible structures.

炔丙基氯的连续制备方法

... 本发明公开了一种通过在催化剂的存在下，将炔丙醇与氯化剂进行反应来制备炔丙基氯的连续方法，其中将氯化剂、炔丙醇、和基于炔丙醇量的0.1-10％摩尔的催化剂连续计量加入到反应区中，然后在40-70℃下进行反应。 ...

CATALYTIC PREPARATION OF AROMATIC ISOCYANATES

HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been displaced, and the uses of these compounds. A compound disclosed by the invention comprises an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality. The anionic portion is comprised of one of the groups (A) and (B) wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and Y5 represent a carbonyl group, a sulphonyl group, a thiocarbonyl group, a thionyl group, a -C(=NCN)- group or a -C(=C(CN)2)- group; Z represents an electroattractive radical; each of the substituents, RA, RB, RC, and RD represents independently of one another a monovalent or divalent organic radical or is part of a polymer chain, with at least one or the substituents RC and RD being a perfluorinated radical. The compounds can be used especially for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Method for the production of 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl fluorides

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing known 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonyl fluorides which can be used as starting materials for active fungicidal ingredients by a halex reaction.

Pentacyclic anion salts or tetrazapentalene derivatives and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M^m+ in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO⁺, an ammonium -NH₄⁺, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic load is carried by a pentacyclical nucleus of tetrazapentalene derivative bearing electroattractive substituents. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorant, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

PREPARATION OF ALKYL FORMATES

Guanidine catalyst for the reaction between carboxyl functional polymers and epoxy functional compounds as the basis for powder coatings

ARTICLE HAVING ANTISOILING PROPERTIES AND INTENDED TO BE EMPLOYED IN AQUATIC USES, IN PARTICULAR MARINE USES

SILICONE COMPOSITION WHICH IS CROSS-LINKABLE BY DEHYDROGENATIVE CONDENSATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A NON-METAL CATALYST

Isomerization of dichlorobutenes

... 3,4-Dichlorobutene-1 and 1,4-dichlorobutene-2 are isomerized in the presence of a catalyst of a combination of a copper compound or copper metal and at least one additive from the group of 1,3-diphenylguanidine, di-o-tolylguanidine, glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride and 2-amino-4-chlorophenol.

Transesterification of carboxylic or carbonic esters

PROTON CONDUCTOR IN LIQUID FORM

Disclosed is a proton conductor in liquid form, comprised of a mixture of the following components: (a) a salt combined with a nitrogenated base along with an acid, according to formula (I), wherein Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4, whether identical or different, represent a group -N= or -C(Zi)=, wherein Zi represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an oxoalkyl or azaalkyl radical with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, as long as at least one and at most two of the groups Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 represent -N=; two adjacent carbon atoms are possibly hydrogenated; the nitrogenated base possibly forms part of a polymeric matrix; and X- represents an anion derivative of an acid selected from the group formed by the sulphonic acids of the formula RFSO3H, the sulphonimides of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)NH and the methylures of the formula (RFSO2) (R'FSO2)CH2 or (RFSO2) (R'FSO2) (R"FSO2)CH, wherein RF, R'F or ...

HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention a pour objet des composés ioniques, dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée, et leurs utilisations. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique M+m en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. La partie anionique est constituée par l'un des groupes (A) et (B) dans lesquels Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 et Y5 représentent un groupement carbonyle, un groupement sulfonyle, un groupe thiocarbonyle, un groupement thionyle, un groupement -C(=NCN)- ou un groupement -C(=C(CN)2)-; Z représente un radical électro-attracteur; chacun des substituants R A, R B, R C et R D représentent indépendamment des autres un radical organique monovalent ou divalent, ou fait partie d'une chaîne polymère, l'un au moins des substituants R C et R D étant un radical perfluoré. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses ...

PENTACYCLIC ANION SALTS OR TETRAZAPENTALENE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention concerne des composés ioniques dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique Mm+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m, un cation organo-métallique ayant la valence m. La charge anionique est portée par un noyau pentacyclique ou dérivé de tétrazapentalène portant des substituants électroattracteurs. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

MALONONITRILE-DERIVATIVE ANION SALTS, AND THEIR USES AS IONIC CONDUCTING MATERIALS

L'invention a pour objet des composés ioniques dérivés du malononitrile dans lesquels la charge anionique est délocalisée. Un composé ionique de l'invention comprend une partie anionique associée à au moins une partie cationique Mm+ en nombre suffisant pour assurer la neutralité électronique de l'ensemble. Il est caractérisé en ce que M est un hydroxonium, un nitrosonium NO+, un ammonium -NH4+, un cation métallique ayant la valence m, un cation organique ayant la valence m ou un cation organométallique ayant la valence m, et que la partie anionique répond à l'une des formules RD-Y-C(CN)2- ou Z-C(CN)2- dans lesquelles Z est un groupe électroattracteur, RD est un radical organique et Y est un carbonyle, un thiocarbonyle, un sulfonyle, un sulfinyle ou un phosphonyle. Les composés sont utiles notamment pour les matériaux à conduction ionique, les matériaux à conduction électronique, les colorants et la catalyse de diverses réactions chimiques.

MODIFICATION OF THE SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF MACROMOLECULAR SPECIES IN THE PRESENCE OF A GUANIDINE CONJUGATE

NOUVEAUX CATALYSEURS DE DECARBOXYLATION ET LEUR APPLICATION A LA PREPARATION D'ETHERS OU THIOETHERS DE PHENYLE ET D'ALKYLE OU D'ARALKYLE

L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES NOUVEAUX CATALYSEURS DE DECARBOXYLATION ET LEUR APPLICATION A LA PREPARATION D'ETHERS OU THIOETHERS DE PHENYLE D'ALKYLE OU D'ARALKYLE. LES NOUVEAUX CATALYSEURS DE DECARBOXYLATION SONT CARACTERISES EN CE QU'ILS ONT LA FORMULE: (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) DANS LAQUELLE R A R IDENTIQUES OU DIFFERENTS REPRESENTENT CHACUN:-UN RADICAL ALKYLE RAMIFIE OU NON EN C A C, SATURE OU NON, QUI PEUT ETRE RELIE A UN AUTRE RADICAL POUR FORMER UN CYCLE,-UN RADICAL ARYLE OU ARALKYLE AVEC JUSQU'A 30 ATOMES DE CARBONE, SUBSTITUE OU NON PAR UN OU PLUSIEURS ATOMES D'HALOGENE ETOU GROUPES TELS QUE NITRILE, NITRATE, ACYLE OU ACYLOXY, OU R UNIQUEMENT PEUT REPRESENTER UN HETEROCYCLE AROMATIQUE TEL QU'UN CYCLE PYRIDYLE OU PYRIMIDINYLE, OU UN HETEROATOME SUBSTITUE PAR UN OU PLUSIEURS RADICAUX ALKYLES EN C A C, TEL QU'UN RADICAL DIALKYLAMINO. ILS SONT UTILISES EN PARTICULIER POUR DECARBOXYLER A UNE TEMPERATURE SUPERIEURE OU EGALE A 10C UN (THIO)CARBONATE D'ALKYLE OU D'ARALKYLE OU UN CARBONATE DE DIALKYLE ...

PROCEEDED Of ISOMERIZATION OF DICHLOROBUTENES IN THE PRESENCE OF a CATALYST CONTAINING ONE COMPOSES OF COPPER

MODIFICATION OF THE SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF MACROMOLECULAR SPECIES IN THE PRESENCE OF A GUANIDINE CONJUGATE

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'espèces macromoléculaires de surface modifiée, comprenant une étape (e) dans laquelle des espèces macromoléculaires (M), initialement porteuses de fonctions -OH et/ou -SH, sont mises en contact avec :- un catalyseur (C) porteur d'au moins une fonction guanidine conjuguée ; et- des espèces réactives (E), comportant des groupements réactifs incluant :(i) au moins un groupe incluant un groupement carbonyle alpha-beta insaturé C=C-C=O et/ou un groupement thiocarbonyle alpha-beta insaturé C=C-C=S ; et/ou(ii) au moins un groupe hétérocyclique comprenant de 3 à 5 chaînons choisi parmi les éthers cycliques, les thioéthers cycliques et les cycles aziridiniques ; et/ou(iii) au moins un groupe choisi parmi les groupes isocyanate -N=C=O ou thioisocyanate -N=C=S, et les groupements trivalents de formule >C=CZ- , où Z est un groupe électroattracteur.L'invention concerne également les espèces macromoléculaires de surface modifiée obtenues dans ce cadre.

ARTICLE PRESENTING OF PROPERTIES ANTISALISSURES AND INTENDS TO BE USES IN PARTICULAR MARINE WATERY APPLICATIONS

La présente invention concerne un article présentant des propriétés antisalissures et destiné à être utilisé dans des applications aquatiques en particulier marines ainsi qu'un procédé pour retarder la croissance des organismes aquatiques sur les structures submersibles ou semi-submersibles. The present invention relates to an article having antifouling properties and for use in aquatic applications especially marine and a method for retarding the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible structures or semi-submersible.

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates

A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of a combination of inorganic co-catalysts containing manganese and nickel; manganese and iron; manganese and chromium; manganese and cerium; manganese and europium; manganese, cerium, and europium; manganese, iron, and europium; or manganese and thorium. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various other inorganic co-catalyst combinations.

Cucurbituril derivatives, their preparation methods and uses

Cucurbituril derivatives, their preparation methods and uses. The cucurbituril derivatives have the formula (1)where X is O, S or NH; R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylcarboxyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylsilyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, nitro group, alkylamine groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, amine group, aminoalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups of 4 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms, unsubstituted aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms; and n is an integer from 4 to 20, wherein the cucurbituril derivatives having ...

Modification of the surface chemistry of macromolecular species in the presence of a conjugated guanidine

The present invention relates to a method for preparing macromolecular species with a modified surface, comprising a step (e) in which macromolecular species (M), initially carrying -OH and/or -SH functions, are brought into contact with: a catalyst (C) carrying at least one conjugated guanidine function; and reactive species (E), comprising reactive groups including: (i) at least one group including an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl group C=C-C=O and/or an a,b-unsaturated thiocarbonyl group C=C-C=S; and/or (ii) at least one heterocyclic group comprising from 3 to 5 ring members, said group being selected from cyclic ethers, cyclic thioethers and aziridine rings; and/or (iii) at least one group selected from isocyanate -N=C=O or thioisocyanate -N=C=S groups, and trivalent groups of formula >C=CZ-, where Z is an electron-withdrawing group. The invention also relates to the macromolecular species with a modified surface that are obtained in this context.

Quaternäre Bisphenolate als Phasenübertragunskatalysatoren

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cucurbituril Derivaten

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates

A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing zinc. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.

SILICONE COMPOSITION WHICH IS CROSS-LINKABLE BY DEHYDROGENATIVE CONDENSATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A NON-METAL CATALYST

Synthesis of Carbamate or Urea Compounds

The invention pertains to the synthesis of carbamate and urea compounds. In particular the invention is directed to the synthesis of carbamate and urea compounds which may be used in the production of compounds that are used to stabilize nitrocellulose. The method of the invention comprises preparing a carbamate or urea derivative comprising reacting an amine and a carbonate or carbamate in the presence of an ionic liquid. 2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises an ionic liquid.3. Method according to claim 2 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises a cation and an anion and wherein the cation is a N claim 2 ,N-dialkyl imidazolium claim 2 , preferably a 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium claim 2 , preferably 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIm) and/or the anion is selected from the group consisting of hydroxide claim 2 , chloride claim 2 , bromide claim 2 , iodate claim 2 , acetate claim 2 , hexafluorophosphate claim 2 , tetrafluoroborate and combinations thereof claim 2 , preferably the anion is a hydroxide or a chloride.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a non-nucleophilic base claim 1 , preferably a superbase claim 1 , more preferably a superbase selected from the group consisting of amidines claim 1 , phosphazenes and guanidines claim 1 , even more preferably amidines claim 1 , most preferably 1 claim 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein Aris a phenyl claim 1 , optionally substituted with one or more halide claim 1 , alkoxy claim 1 , nitro claim 1 , sulfonate claim 1 , ester claim 1 , amide claim 1 , carboxylate and Aris Aror a phenyl and is optionally substituted with one or more halide claim 1 , alkoxy claim 1 , nitro claim 1 , sulfonate claim 1 , ester claim 1 , amide claim 1 , carboxylate claim 1 , preferably both Arand Arare phenyl such that the amine according to formula II is diphenylamine.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein X is a C- ...

CROSSLINKING CATALYST COMPRISING SILOXANE STRUCTURAL UNITS

A catalyst containing at least one amidine or guanidine group of formula (Ia) or (Ib), which is bound to a silicon atom of a siloxane residue. At room temperature, the catalyst is liquid and odourless. It is particularly suitable as a cross-linking catalyst for curable compositions, in particular for silane group-containing compositions. It is particularly good at accelerating the hardening of such compositions without impairing stability in storage, and displays little volatility but good compatibility. As a result, the compositions do not tend towards separation or migration or evaporation of the catalyst. 2. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the siloxane radical is a polysiloxane radical having an average molecular weight in the range of from 206 to 50 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.7. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Rrepresents a hydrogen radical or an alkyl claim 1 , cycloalkyl or aralkyl radical having 1 to 12 C atoms.8. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Rrepresents —NHR claim 1 ,{'sup': 2', '5, 'Rand Rindependently of each other each represent an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl radical having 1 to 18 C atoms, which optionally contains hetero atoms, and'}{'sup': '1', 'Rrepresents a hydrogen radical.'}9. A process for the preparation of a catalyst as claimed in claim 7 , wherein at least one siloxane-amine is reacted with at least one ortho ester or at least one 1 claim 7 ,3-keto ester or at least one nitrile.10. A process for the preparation of a catalyst as claimed in claim 8 , wherein at least one siloxane-amine is reacted with at least one carbodiimide of the formula R—N═C═N—R.11. The catalyst as claimed in is applied in a curable composition as a crosslinking catalyst.12. The applied composition as claimed in claim 11 , it is an adhesive claim 11 , a sealant or a coating.13. A curable composition comprising at least one catalyst as claimed in .14. A curable composition as claimed in claim 13 , wherein it additionally comprises at least one ...

Amidation of Polymers Containing Ester Side Chains Using Functionalized Amines

The invention entails the combination of basic catalysts, specifically guanidine-based catalysts, such as TBD, in conjunction with functionalized amines having a hydrogen bond donating or accepting functionality, to facilitate the accelerated transamidation of polymer compounds with non-activated ester side chains. 111-. (canceled)13. The method of claim 12 , wherein reacting the homopolymer or copolymer is performed in the presence of at least one further reactant (Y) having at least one amine moiety and lacking a hydrogen-bond donating or accepting moiety.14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the reactant (X) has at least one amine moiety and one or more functional groups selected from alcohols claim 12 , carboxylic acids claim 12 , and esters.15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the guanidine-based catalyst is selected from the group consisting of triazabicyclo-decene claim 12 , guanidine claim 12 , methyl-triazabicyclo-decene claim 12 , and triazabicyclo-octene.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the guanidine-based catalyst is triazabicyclo-decene.17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the reactant (X) is an aminoalcohol.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the aminoalcohol is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine claim 17 , propanolamine claim 17 , butanolamine claim 17 , pentanolamine claim 17 , 1-amino-2-propanol claim 17 , and aminoglycerol.19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the reactant (X) is an amino thiol.20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the amino thiol is selected from the group consisting of cysteine and methionine.21. The method of claim 12 , wherein the reactant (X) is an aminoalcohol.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the aminoalcohol is selected from the group consisting of ethanolamine claim 21 , propanolamine claim 21 , butanolamine claim 21 , pentanolamine claim 21 , 1-amino-2-propanol claim 21 , and aminoglycerol.23. The method of claim 12 , wherein the reactant (X) is an amino thiol.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the ...

Catalyst for synthesis of siloxanes

The present technology provides compositions, methods, and processes to form polysiloxanes. In one aspect, the present technology provides a process for the ring opening polymerization of a cyclosiloxane comprising contacting a cyclosiloxane with a bicyclic guanidine compound. The guanidine-containing compounds useful in the ring opening reaction include a fused ring structure comprising a guanidine functional group as part of the fused ring.

METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYETHERS

A method for the preparation of polyethers is provided, the method using a protic ionic salt formed by the combination of a Bronsted acid and a Bronsted base, as well as to the polyethers obtained using the method. 2. A method for preparing polyethers , comprising the steps of:a) mixing at least one optionally substituted and optionally polymeric alcohol comprising at least two terminal hydroxyl groups with a protic ionic salt formed by the combination of a Brønsted acid and a Brønsted base, wherein the molar proportion of the protic ionic salt with respect to the total amount of moles of the alcohol is between 1 to 15%;b) heating the mixture obtained in step (a) at a temperature comprised between 100° C. and 300° C.3. (canceled)4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one alcohol comprising two or more terminal hydroxyl groups is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols claim 2 , aromatic alcohols claim 2 , aromatic alcohols and heterocyclic alcohols.7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein A is independently selected from C-Calkyl optionally substituted with one or more R and optionally intercalated with one or more Z.8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein each occurrence of R is independently selected from the group consisting of OH and linear or branched C-Calkyl optionally substituted and optionally intercalated with one or more Z.9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein each occurrence of R is independently selected from the group consisting of OH and linear or branched C-Calkyl.10. The method according to claim 5 , wherein Z is independently selected from oxygen claim 5 , C-Ccycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more R claim 5 , or C-Caryl optionally substituted with one or more R.11. The method according to claim 5 , wherein Z is independently selected from oxygen claim 5 , C-Ccycloalkyl claim 5 , or C-Caryl.12. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the polyether has a number average molecular weight ...

Methods for producing fuels, gasoline additives, and lubricants using amine catalysts

Provided herein are methods for producing α,β-unsaturated ketones from the condensation of methyl ketones in the presence of an amine catalyst. Such amine catalysts may be supported, for example, on a silica-alumina support. Such amine catalysts may be used in the presence of an additional acid. The α,β-unsaturated ketones may be produced by dimerization and/or timerization of the methyl ketones. Such α,β-unsaturated ketones may be suitable for use in producing fuels, gasoline additives, and/or lubricants, or precursors thereof. The methyl ketones may be obtained from renewable sources, such as by the fermentation of biomass.

Improved process for the production of ring-fluorinated aromatics

Catalyst system

八取代的双胍盐作为氟甲基六氟异丙基醚的合成催化剂的应用及催化合成方法

本发明涉及八取代的双胍盐作为氟甲基六氟异丙基醚的合成催化剂的应用，具体的说，是用于氟甲基六氟异丙基醚合成的催化剂及其催化合成方法。将氯甲基六氟异丙基醚、氟化盐、溶剂、以及作为催化剂的八取代的双胍盐在反应器中混合，在一定温度下反应，得到产物氟甲基六氟异丙基醚。八取代的双胍盐在氯甲基六氟异丙基醚的氟化反应中，可以起到很好的催化作用，使得氟化反应可以得到比一般相转移催化剂更好的产率，或可以使用更温和的反应条件，这样，对于降低合成的能量和物质消耗、提高工作效率，有良好的效果。

Article having antifouling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to articles having antifouling properties, for use in waterborne applications, in particular marine applications, and also methods of retarding the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semisubmersible structures.

Catalyst system for polymerizing olefinic monomers

A catalyst system, a process for the preparation of bimodal polymers using the same is described. The catalyst system comprises a) a metal complex of the formula CyLMZp , wherein M is a group 4 metal Z is an anionic ligand, p is number of 1 to 2, Cy is a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand and, L is a ligand of the formula wherein each A is independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorus and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl, unsubstituted or substituted silyl and unsubstituted or substituted germyl residues, and b) a boron containing activator, characterized in that the molar ratio of the boron of the activator to M of the metal complex is greater than 2.5. The described catalyst system provides for the production of bimodal polymers.

Silicone composition suitable for cross-linking by dehydrocondensation in the presence of a non-metal catalyst

본 발명은 실릴화되지 않은 오치환 구아니딘과 같은 낮은 활성화 온도를 필요로 하는 비-금속 촉매의 존재 하에 탈수소 축합 반응에 의해 중합/가교될 수 있는 SiH/SiOH 기를 함유하는 구성성분을 포함하는 실리콘 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to silicone compositions comprising components containing SiH / SiOH groups that can be polymerized / crosslinked by dehydrogenation condensation reactions in the presence of non-metal catalysts that require low activation temperatures such as unsubstituted unsubstituted guanidines. It is about.

Manufacturing method of optical member comprising low-reflection silica coating layer and optical member menufactured by the same

본 명세서는 저반사 실리카 코팅층을 포함하는 광학 부재의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 광학 부재를 제공한다. The present specification provides a method of manufacturing an optical member including a low-reflection silica coating layer and an optical member manufactured using the same.

Catalyst system

A catalyst system comprising a) a metal complex of the formula CyLMZ p , wherein M is a group 4 metal Z is an anionic ligand, p is number of 1 to 2, preferably 2 Cy is a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand and, L is a ligand of the formula wherein each A is independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorus and R 1 , R 2 , and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl, unsubstituted or substituted silyl and unsubstituted or substituted germyl residues, and b) a boron containing activator, characterized in that the molar ratio of the boron of the activator to M of the metal complex is greater than 2.5.

Catalysis using supported strong base catalysts

A catalyst suitable for use in reactions catalyzed by strong base is provided. The catalyst comprises an organic compound containing a Group VA element for example an amine or phosphine supported on a solid which is insoluble in the reaction mixture. The catalyst may be activated by treatment with an epoxide. Catalysts in which the amine is an amidine or a guanidine are particularly effective.

Guanidine catalyst for curable compositions

本发明描述了式(I)的胍及其作为催化剂用于交联官能化合物、特别是含硅烷基团的聚合物的用途。所描述的式(I)的胍可以在简单方法中通过多官能碳二亚胺加合物由容易获得的原材料制得，在室温下基本无气味并且低毒性。尽管具有相对高的分子量，其出人意料好地促进官能化合物的交联，使得这样的组合物不倾向于出现由迁移造成的缺陷，例如分离、渗出或基材污染。

Article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

本发明涉及具有抗污性能并用于与水有关、特别是与海洋有关的应用的制品，以及用于减缓水生生物体在可没入水中的或可半没入水中的结构上的生长的方法。

Catalyst system

a) 화학식 CyLMZ p 의 금속 착물이며, 상기 식에서 M은 4족 금속이고, Z는 음이온성 리간드이고, p는 1 내지 2의 수, 바람직하게는 2이고, Cy는 시클로펜타디에닐-유형 리간드이고, L은 하기 화학식의 리간드이며, 상기 식에서 각각의 A는 독립적으로 질소 및 인으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 및 R 4 는 독립적으로 수소, 비치환 또는 치환된 히드로카르빌, 비치환 또는 치환된 실릴 및 비치환 또는 치환된 게르밀 잔기로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인 금속 착물, 및 b) 붕소 함유 활성화제를 포함하며, 활성화제 중 붕소 대 금속 착물 중 M의 몰비는 2.5 초과인 것을 특징으로 하는 촉매 시스템. a) a metal complex of the formula CyLMZ p , wherein M is a Group 4 metal, Z is an anionic ligand, p is a number of 1 to 2, preferably 2, and Cy is a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand. , L is a ligand of the following formula, In the above formula, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and phosphorus, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbyl, unsubstituted or substituted silyl, and A catalyst system comprising a metal complex selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted germanyl moieties, and b) a boron-containing activator, wherein the molar ratio of boron in the activator to M in the metal complex is greater than 2.5. .

Manufacturing method of optical member comprising mesoporous silica coating layer and optical member menufactured by the same

본 명세서는 메조포러스 실리카 코팅층을 포함하는 광학 부재의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 광학 부재를 제공한다. The present specification provides a method for manufacturing an optical member including a mesoporous silica coating layer and an optical member manufactured using the same.

Salts of heterocyclic anions and their uses as ionic conductive materials

Perfluorinated amide salts and their use as ion-conducting substances

Manufacturing method of optical member comprising mesoporous silica coating layer and optical member menufactured by the same

본 명세서는 메조포러스 실리카 코팅층을 포함하는 광학 부재의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 광학 부재를 제공한다.

Quaternary bisphenolates, methods for their preparation, and uses thereof

Quaternary salts having a double helix structure are prepared by the reaction of dihydroxyaromatic compound, preferably a bisphenol, with an alkali metal hydroxide and a quaternary salt, such as a tetraalkylammonium or hexaalkylguanidinium chloride. The quaternary salts and their alkaline hydrolysis products are useful as catalysts in various reactions, including imide formation from bisphenol salts and halo- or nitro-substituted phthalimides and redistribution and equilibration of polycarbonates.

Method for producing silica layer

본 출원은, 실리카층의 제조 방법에 대한 것이다. 본 출원에서는 실리카 네트워크를 주성분으로 가지는 막으로서, 내부에 공극이 형성되어 있고, 굴절률 등을 포함한 광학 특성이 적절하게 제어된 실리카층을 고가의 장비를 사용하지 않고, 저온의 간단한 공정을 통해서도 쉽게 형성할 수 있는 방법을 제공할 수 있다.

Cucurbituril derivatives, their preparation methods and uses

본 발명은 쿠커비투릴 유도체, 그 제조방법 및 이의 용도를 제공한다. 상기 쿠커비투릴 유도체는 화학식 1로 표시된다. The present invention provides a cucurbituril derivative, a preparation method thereof, and a use thereof. The cucurbituril derivative is represented by the formula (1). 상기식중, X는 O, S 또는 NH이고, R 1 과 R 2 는 서로에 관계없이 수소, C1-C30의 알킬기, C1-C30의 알케닐기, C1-C30의 알키닐기, C1-C30의 알킬티오기, C1-C30의 알킬카르복실기, C1-C30의 하이드록시알킬기, C1-C30의 알킬실릴기, C1-C30의 알콕시기, C1-C30의 할로알킬기, 니트로기, C1-C30의 알킬아민기, 아민기, C1-C30의 아미노알킬기, 비치환된 C5-C30의 사이클로알킬기 또는 헤테로원자를 갖고 있는 C4-C30의 사이클로알킬기, 비치환된 또는 헤테로원자를 가지고 있는 탄소수 6 내지 30의 아릴기로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, n은 4 내지 20의 정수이고, 단, n=6일 때, R 1 =H, R 2 =H, X가 O인 경우와, n=5일 때, R 1 =CH 3 , R 2 =H, X가 O인 경우는 제외된다. 상술한 화학식 1의 쿠커비투릴 유도체는 본 발명의 세가지 제조방법중의 하나에 따라 혼합물 상태로 얻어지며, 혼합물을 구성하는 각 성분들은 분별결정을 통하여 분리가능하다. 이 쿠커비투릴 유도체 및 그 혼합물은 폐수 또는 물속에 녹아 있는 염료 및 중금속 제거에 매우 유용하다. Wherein X is O, S or NH, R 1 and R 2 are independently of each other hydrogen, C1-C30 alkyl group, C1-C30 alkenyl group, C1-C30 alkynyl group, C1-C30 alkyl Thio, C1-C30 alkylcarboxyl group, C1-C30 hydroxyalkyl group, C1-C30 alkylsilyl group, C1-C30 alkoxy group, C1-C30 haloalkyl group, nitro group, C1-C30 alkylamine group , An amine group, a C1-C30 aminoalkyl group, an unsubstituted C5-C30 cycloalkyl group, or a C4-C30 cycloalkyl group having a hetero atom, an unsubstituted or heteroaryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms N is an integer of 4 to 20, provided that when n = 6, R 1 = H, R 2 = H, when X is O, and when n = 5, R 1 = CH 3 , R 2 = H, except that X is O. The above-mentioned cucurbituryl derivative of Formula 1 is obtained in a mixture according to one of the three manufacturing methods of the present invention, and each component constituting the mixture is separable through fractional crystallization. These cucurbituril derivatives and mixtures thereof are very useful for removing dyes and heavy metals dissolved in wastewater or water.

Article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

The present invention relates to an article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses, and also to a method for delaying the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semi-submersible structures.

Article having antifouling properties for aquatic and particularly sea use

The present invention relates to an article having antifouling properties for aquatic and particularly sea use, and to a method for slowing the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semi-submersible structures.

Process for preparing nuclear-fluorinated aromatics

The present invention relates to the preparation of nuclear-fluorinated aromatics by reacting, with a fluoride at 40 to 260° C., an aromatic compound substituted at the nucleus with halogen that is exchangeable for fluorine in the presence of at least one compound of the formula (I) where A, B, and An ⊖ have the meanings specified in the disclosure.

Method for efficient depolymerization of polymers comprising an ester function and purification method thereof

本发明涉及一种含有或不含有颜料或染料的包含酯官能团的聚合物的解聚方法、用于执行所述解聚的组合物以及从所述聚合物的单体选择性地分离出异物的提纯方法，其特征在于：作为添加剂投入以化学式1表示的化合物。适用本发明的解聚方法即使是在较低的温度下也可以进行解聚并提升目标生成物的收率，而且，适用本发明的提纯方法可以从所述聚合物的单体去除包含颜料或染料等的异物并借此制造出高纯度的单体。

Method for the production of 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1h-pyrazol-4-carbonyl fluorides

The invention relates to a novel method for production of known 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carbonyl fluorides, which may be used as starting material for fungicidal agents by means of a Halex reaction.

Process and intermediates for the preparation of nep inhibitors

The present invention relates to a new chemical synthesis, intermediates and catalysts useful for the preparation of the neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor sacubitril. It further relates to new intermediate compounds and their use for said new chemical synthesis route.

Silicone composition which is cross-linkable by dehydrogenative condensation in the presence of a non-metal catalyst

A silicone composition is described that includes components having SiH/SiOH groupings and that can be polymerized/cross-linked by a dehydrogenative condensation reaction in the presence of a non-metal tri- or tetrasubstituted non-silylated guanidine catalyst and requiring a low activation temperature.

Modification of the surface chemistry of macromolecular species in the presence of a conjugated guanidine

The present invention relates to a method for preparing macromolecular species with a modified surface, comprising a step (e) in which macromolecular species (M), initially carrying -OH and/or ‑SH functions, are brought into contact with: a catalyst (C) carrying at least one conjugated guanidine function; and reactive species (E), comprising reactive groups including: (i) at least one group including an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl group C=C-C=O and/or an a,b-unsaturated thiocarbonyl group C=C-C=S; and/or (ii) at least one heterocyclic group comprising from 3 to 5 ring members, said group being selected from cyclic ethers, cyclic thioethers and aziridine rings; and/or (iii) at least one group selected from isocyanate ‑N=C=O or thioisocyanate -N=C=S groups, and trivalent groups of formula >C=CZ-, where Z is an electron-withdrawing group. The invention also relates to the macromolecular species with a modified surface that are obtained in this context.

Method for producing silica layer

The present application relates to a method for preparing a silica layer. The present application can provide a method capable of easily forming a silica layer, in which pores are formed inside and optical characteristics including a refractive index and the like are appropriately controlled, as a membrane having a silica network as a main component, through a simple process at a low temperature without using expensive equipment.

Method for preparing silicon dioxide layer

本申请涉及一种二氧化硅层的制备方法。本申请可以在不使用昂贵设备的情况下通过低温下的简单工艺提供一种能够容易地形成二氧化硅层的方法，所述二氧化硅层作为具有二氧化硅网络作为主要组分的膜，在内部形成有孔并且包括折射率等的光学特性得到适当地控制。

Process for preparing nuclear-fluorinated aromatics

The present invention relates to the preparation of nuclear-fluorinated aromatics by reacting, with a fluoride at 40 to 260° C., an aromatic compound substituted at the nucleus with halogen that is exchangeable for fluorine in the presence of at least one compound of the formula (I) where A, B, and Any have the meanings specified in the disclosure.

Proton conductor in liquid form

Method for the production of 5-fluoro-1,3-dialkyl-1h-pyrazole-4-carbonyl fluorides

本发明涉及一种新的制备已知的5－氟－1，3－二烷基－1H－吡唑－4－羰基氟化物的方法，该化合物可作为通过哈莱克斯反应制备杀真菌剂的起始原料。

Continuous method for producing propargyl chloride

The invention relates to a continuous method for producing propargyl chloride by reacting propargyl alcohol with a chlorinating agent in the presence of a catalyst. According to the invention, the chlorinating agent, propargyl alcohol and 0.1 to 10 mol.% of the catalyst with regard to the amount of propargyl alcohol is continuously dosed in a reaction zone and is reacted at a temperature ranging from 40 to 70 °C.

Cucurbituril derivatives, their preparation methods and uses

Cucurbituril derivatives, their prepartion methods and uses. The cucurbituril derivatives have the formula (1)    where X is O, S or NH; R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkenyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylthio groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylcarboxyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkylsilyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, haloalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, nitro group, alkylamine groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, amine group, aminoalkyl groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted cycloalkyl groups of 5 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups of 4 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms, unsubstituted aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and aryl groups of 6 to 30 carbon atoms with hetero atoms; and n is an integer from 4 to 20, wherein the cucurbituril derivatives having the formula (1), where n =6, R 1 =H, R 2 =H and X=O, and n =5, R 1 =CH 3 , R 2 =H and X=O, are excluded. The cucurbituril derivatives are easily prepared as a mixture by one of the three new methods, and each cucurbituril derivative can be separated from the mixture by fractional crystallization. The cucurbituril derivatives having the formula (1) or their mixtures are very useful in removing dyes and heavy metal ions dissolved in water or waste water.

Catalyst for synthesis of siloxanes

The present technology provides compositions, methods, and processes to form polysiloxanes. In one aspect, the present technology provides a process for the ring opening polymerization of a cyclosiloxane comprising contacting a cyclosiloxane with a bicyclic guanidine compound. The guanidine-containing compounds useful in the ring opening reaction include a fused ring structure comprising a guanidine functional group as part of the fused ring.

Preparation method of silica layer

本申請案係關於一種製備矽石層之方法。本申請案可提供一種透過在不使用昂貴設備低溫下的簡單方法能夠容易地形成矽石層作為膜的方法，於該矽石層中，在內部形成了孔且適當地控制了包括折射率等等的光學特性，該膜具有作為主要成分之矽石網絡。

Surface modified carbonaceous materials

Grafting a polymer at the surface of a carbonated material containing carboxyl amine and/or hydroxyl functions at its surface. This material is suspended in a solution comprising the polymer to be grafted, which includes a carboxyl amine and/or hydroxyl function, the solution also comprising a solvent of the polymer. This is followed by a treatment causing dehydration into a carboxyl function, an amide and/or hydroxyl function and the polymer is thus grafted on the carbonated material by means of ester or amide bonds. Utilization in the cathode or anode of an electrochemical generator, in a polymer material with low polarity, in an ink, and as a conductive deposit on flexible plastic used as electrical contact, electromagnetic protection and antistatic protection.

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates

一种由芳族羟基化合物经济地生产芳族碳酸酯的方法及催化剂体系。在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种芳族羟基化合物羰基化的方法,其方法是在羰基化催化剂体系的存在下,使至少一种芳族羟基化合物与氧和一氧化碳接触,该催化剂体系中包含一种催化量的含锌无机助催化剂。在各种可供选择的实施方案中,该羰基化催化剂体系可以包含一种有效量的钯源和一种有效量的卤化物组合物。另外一些可供选择的实施方案可以包含催化量的各种无机助催化剂混合物。

Article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

The present invention relates to an article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses, and also to a method for delaying the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semi-submersible structures.

Preparation of aromatic polyether polymer using phase transfer catalyst

Process for the preparation of aromatic o-chloromethyl carboxylic acid chlorides

Aromatic o-chloromethylcarboxylic acid chlorides of the general formula I <IMAGE> in which R<1>, R<2>, R<3> and R<4> denote hydrogen, C1- to C20-alkyl, aryl or halogen, or R<1> and R<2>, R<1> and R<3>, R<1> and R<4>, R<2> and R<3>, R <2 and R<4> or R<3> and R<4> together denote a C1- to C6-alkylene chain or buta-1,3-dienyl are prepared by reacting benzo-fused lactones of the general formula II <IMAGE> in which R<1>, R<2>, R<3> and R<4> have the abovementioned meanings, with phosgene at temperatures of from 100 to 240 DEG C in the presence of a catalyst.

Perfluorinated amide salts and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M +m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO + , an ammonium —NH 4 +, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula R F —SO x —N − Z, wherein R F is a perfluorinated group, x is 1 or 2, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Pentacyclic anion salts or tetrazapentalene derivatives and their uses as ionic conducting materials

The invention relates to ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention includes an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M m+ in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO + , an ammonium —NH 4 + , a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic load is carried by a pentacyclical nucleus of tetrazapentalene derivative bearing electroattractive substituents. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorant, and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonate

(57)【要約】 【課題】芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物から芳香族カーボネートを経済的に製造するための方法及び触媒系。 【解決手段】一つの実施形態では、本発明は、チタンを含有する無機助触媒を触媒量で含むカルボニル化触媒系の存在下で１種以上の芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物を酸素及び一酸化炭素と接触させることにより芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物をカルボニル化する方法を提供する。その他様々な実施形態ではカルボニル化触媒系が有効量のパラジウム源及び有効量のハロゲン化物を含んでいることができる。さらに別の実施形態では各種無機助触媒の組合せを触媒量で含ませることができる。

Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates

A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing titanium. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.

Process for preparing nonracemic chiral alcohols

The present invention provides a catalyst system and a process for the preparation of a nonracemic chiral alcohol by hydrogenation of a ketone using the catalyst system, wherein the catalyst system comprises ruthenium, a nonracemic chiral diphosphine ligand, an amino-thioether ligand, and a base.

Modification of the surface chemistry of macromolecular species in the presence of a conjugated guanidine

本发明涉及一种制备具有改性表面的大分子物质的方法，包括步骤(e)，步骤(e)中，使初始携带-OH和/或-SH官能团的大分子物质(M)与以下物质接触：携带至少一个共轭胍官能团的催化剂(C)；和包含反应性基团的反应性物质(E)，所述反应性基团包括：(i)至少一个包括α，β-不饱和羰基C＝C-C＝O和/或α，β-不饱和硫代羰基C＝C-C＝S的基团；和/或(ii)至少一个包含3-5个环原子的杂环基，所述基团选自环醚、环状硫醚和氮杂环丙烷环；和/或(iii)至少一个选自异氰酸酯-N＝C＝O或硫代异氰酸酯-N＝C＝S基和式＞C＝CZ-的三价基团的基团，其中Z为吸电子基。本发明还涉及一种在本发明中获得的具有改性表面的大分子物质。

Ionically conductive materials containing a malononitrile-derived ionic compound and their uses

Improved process for preparing fluorinated aromatic compounds

Preparation of nuclear fluorinated aromatic compounds (I), involving reacting fluoride with an aromatic compound substituted in the nucleus by halogen exchangeable with fluorine, at 40-260 degrees C in presence of substituted guanidino or tetra-aminophosphonium salts (II). Some of the salts (II) are new compounds. Preparation of nuclear fluorinated aromatic compounds (I), by reacting fluoride with an aromatic compound substituted in the nucleus by halogen exchangeable with fluorine is carried out at 40-260 degrees C in presence of substituted guanidino or tetra-aminophosphonium salts of formula (A-N-B)<+> .An<-> (II). A = C(NR1R1)2 (A1) or P(NR1R1)3 (A2); B = (A1), (A2), S(NR1R1)X=C(NR1R1)2 (B1) or S(NR1R1)2 (B2); R1 = 1-10C alkyl, 2-10C alkylene or 6-12C aryl; NR1R1 = 3-5 membered ring consisting of the N atom and C-atoms; (A1) = 4-8 membered ring consisting of the two N atoms and C-atoms; X = N or P; An<-> = equivalent of an anion. Independent claims are also included for: (1) the preparation of (I); and (2) compounds of formula (I) where B is B1 and (I) where B is B2.

Catalysis using supported strong base catalysts and supported catalysts

Crosslinking catalyst comprising siloxane structural units

A catalyst containing at least one amidine or guanidine group of formula (Ia) or (Ib), which is bound to a silicon atom of a siloxane residue. At room temperature, the catalyst is liquid and odorless. It is particularly suitable as a cross-linking catalyst for curable compositions, in particular for silane group-containing compositions. It is particularly good at accelerating the hardening of such compositions without impairing stability in storage, and displays little volatility but good compatibility. As a result, the compositions do not tend towards separation or migration or evaporation of the catalyst.

Method and catalyst composition for producing aromatic carbonates

A method and catalyst composition for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds is disclosed. The present invention provides a method for carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds, comprising the step of contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a halide-free carbonylation catalyst composition comprising an effective amount of at least one Group 8, 9, or 10 metal source, an effective amount of a first inorganic co-catalyst comprising at least one Group 14 metal source, an effective amount of a salt co-catalyst, and optionally an effective amount of a second inorganic co-catalyst selected from the group consisting of a Group 4 metal source, a Group 7 metal source, a Group 11 metal source, and a lanthanide element source, and optionally an effective amount of a base. A significant advantage of the present method and catalyst compositions is that no halide is present or required in the reaction mixture for catalytic activity.

Modification of the Surface Chemistry of Macromolecular Species in the Presence of a Conjugated Guanidine

The present invention relates to a method for preparing macromolecular species with a modified surface, comprising a step (e) in which macromolecular species (M), initially carrying —OH and/or —SH functions, are brought into contact with: a catalyst (C) carrying at least one conjugated guanidine function; and reactive species (E), comprising reactive groups including: (i) at least one group including an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl group C═C—C═O and/or an a,b-unsaturated thiocarbonyl group C═C—C═S; and/or (ii) at least one heterocyclic group comprising from 3 to 5 ring members, said group being selected from cyclic ethers, cyclic thioethers and aziridine rings; and/or (iii) at least one group selected from isocyanate —N═C═O or thioisocyanate —N═C═S groups, and trivalent groups of formula >C═CZ—, where Z is an electron-withdrawing group. The invention also relates to the macromolecular species with a modified surface that are obtained in this context.

Production method of carbonyl sulfide

Unsymmetric linear carbonate and method for preparing thereof

본 발명에서는 헤테로 고리 구조의 염기 촉매 하에서, 상이한 2종의 대칭 선형 카보네이트를 에스테르 교환 반응하여 비대칭 선형 카보네이트를 제조하는 단계를 포함하는 비대칭 선형 카보네이트 제조 방법을 제공한다.

Article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses

The present invention relates to an article having antisoiling properties and intended to be employed in aquatic uses, in particular marine uses, and also to a method for delaying the growth of aquatic organisms on submersible or semi-submersible structures.

Silicone composition crosslinkable by dehydrogenative condensation in the presence of a non-metallic catalyst

Modification of the surface chemistry of macromolecular species in the presence of a conjugated guanidine

The present invention relates to a method for preparing macromolecular species with a modified surface, comprising a step (e) in which macromolecular species (M), initially carrying -OH and/or -SH functions, are brought into contact with: a catalyst (C) carrying at least one conjugated guanidine function; and reactive species (E), comprising reactive groups including: (i) at least one group including an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl group C=C-C=O and/or an a,b-unsaturated thiocarbonyl group C=C-C=S; and/or (ii) at least one heterocyclic group comprising from 3 to 5 ring members, said group being selected from cyclic ethers, cyclic thioethers and aziridine rings; and/or (iii) at least one group selected from isocyanate -N=C=O or thioisocyanate -N=C=S groups, and trivalent groups of formula >C=CZ-, where Z is an electron-withdrawing group. The invention also relates to the macromolecular species with a modified surface that are obtained in this context.

High-purity manufacturing method of nanocellulose with ultra-highly grafted biopolymer

The present invention provides a high-purity glucose-based compound ultra-highly substituted with a biopolymer, in which a surface of a glucose-based compound as a natural material is ultra-highly modified with a biopolymer to improve compatibility and dispersibility with biodegradable polymers, thereby significantly improving the mechanical properties of the biodegradable polymer composite.

Efficient depolymerization method of polymers comprising ester functional group, and purification method thereof

The present disclosure relates to a depolymerization method of a polymer comprising an ester functional group with or without pigments or dyes, a composition for the depolymerization, and a purification method for selectively separating foreign substances from a monomer of the polymer, and is characterized in that a compound represented by formula 1 is added as an additive. The depolymerization method according to the present disclosure enables depolymerization at low temperatures and may increase the yield of a target product. In addition, the purification method according to the present disclosure may remove foreign substances including pigments or dyes from a monomer of the polymer to prepare high-purity monomers.

一种液相法制备六氟丙烯三聚体的方法

该发明涉及精细化工技术领域，具体关于一种液相法制备六氟丙烯三聚体的方法；该发明提供一种液相法制备六氟丙烯三聚体的方法，该方法能够提高增效剂与金属氟化物的相互作用，稳定金属的价态，提高催化活性，实现活性组分在催化剂中的高度分散，可以大大提高催化剂的整体效能。

Synthesis of carbamate or urea compounds

一种无卤素有机离子对催化剂催化固定二氧化碳的方法

本发明公开了一种无卤素有机离子对催化剂催化固定二氧化碳的方法，采用本发明所提出如式Ⅱ所示的环氧底物和二氧化碳在式Ⅰ所示的催化剂的催化剂在100～120℃下合成环状碳酸酯。本发明相比于现有的其他催化体系具有无溶剂、催化剂用量少、温和、高效、廉价易制备、不含金属、不含卤素等明显优势，催化剂容易制备且具有广泛的适用性。

エステル官能基を含有する高分子の効率的な解重合方法及びその精製方法

本発明は、顔料又は染料を含むか或いは含まないエステル官能基を含有する高分子の解重合方法、前記解重合のための組成物、及び前記高分子のモノマーから異物を選択的に分離する精製方法に関するものであって、化学式１で表される化合物を添加剤として付加することを特徴とする。本発明による解重合方法は、低い温度でも解重合が可能であり、目的生成物の収率を高めることができるのであり、また、本発明による精製方法は、前記高分子のモノマーから、顔料や染料などを含む異物を除去して高純度のモノマーを製造することができる。

Verfahren zum herstellen von 5-fluor-1,3-dialkyl- 1h-pyrazol-4-carbonsäurefluoriden

Procedimiento de despolimerización de poliuretano

La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento de despolimerización de una masa de poliuretano, preferentemente, poliuretano termoestable. El procedimiento comprende cuatro etapas principales: i) mezclar la masa de poliuretano con un medio de reacción de despolimerización que comprende un líquido iónico en una proporción igual o superior al 50% p/p respecto al peso total de dicho medio, una superbase como catalizador, y un agente nucleófilo en una proporción igual o inferior al 15% p/p respecto al peso total de dicho medio, sometiendo dicha mezcla a una temperatura entre 50-100ºC durante un tiempo comprendido entre 2 minutos y 10 horas; ii) adicionar una masa de disolvente molecular prótico en una cantidad entre 4 y 40 veces superior al peso del medio de reacción de despolimerización; iii) someter la mezcla del paso ii) a una temperatura entre 20-60ºC durante al menos 1 hora; y, iv) separar las fracciones obtenidas en el paso iii); a saber, una fracción semisólida que comprende al menos una masa de poliol para su reutilización en la síntesis de un nuevo poliuretano, y una fracción líquida monofásica que comprende al menos el líquido iónico y el catalizador básico, para su reutilización en un nuevo proceso de despolimerización de poliuretano.

一种简单快速实现c-c键形成反应的新方法

本发明提供了一种简单快速实现C‑C键形成反应的新方法，首次发现单个氨基酸可以作为Henry反应，Aza‑Henry反应，的催化剂，基于强化氢键相互作用而设计的小肽分子可以作为MBH反应的催化剂，并具有较好的催化效果。为探究氨基酸及小肽的催化能力，本发明选择不同类型单个氨基酸作为催化剂，分别用于催化一系列苯甲醛类化合物及硝基甲烷为底物的Henry反应；以N‑苯亚甲基‑4‑甲基苯磺酰胺与硝基甲烷为底物的Aza‑Henry反应；设计并合成的小肽分子作为催化剂，用于催化以4‑硝基苯甲醛与环己烯酮为底物的MBH反应；并针对各催化反应的反应条件进行优化，获得最优的反应转化。本发明为C‑C键形成反应提供了一种简单快速的生物催化策略，具有反应条件温和，不使用有毒试剂，反应转化率高，立体选择性好，反应时间短，反应过程及后处理简单，反应条件易于调控，成本低等技术优势。