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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 5508. Отображено 100.
17-05-2012 дата публикации

Alumina catalyst support

Номер: US20120122671A1
Автор: Andrew Polli, FRANCIS Francis, Naotaka Ohtake, Olivier Larcher, Thomas English
Принадлежит: Rhodia Operations SAS

The present invention is directed to a high surface area, high pore volume porous alumina, comprising: aluminum oxide, optionally, silicon oxide and aluminosilicates, and optionally one or more dopants, said alumina having a specific surface area of from about 100 to about 500 square meters per gram and a total pore volume after calcination at 900° C. for 2 hours of greater than or equal to 1.2 cubic centimeters per gram, wherein less than or equal to 15% of the total pore volume is contributed by pores having a diameter of less than 10 nm.

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Номер записи: 1
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Porous inorganic composite oxide

Номер: US20120129690A1
Автор: Andrew Polli, FRANCIS Francis, Olivier Larcher, Simon Ifrah, Thomas English
Принадлежит: Rhodia Operations SAS

A porous inorganic composite oxide containing oxides of aluminum and of cerium and/or zirconium, and, optionally, oxides of one or more dopants selected from transition metals, rare earths, and mixtures thereof, and having a specific surface area, in m 2 /g, after calcining at 1100° C. for 5 hours, of ≧0.8235[Al]+11.157 and a total pore volume, in cm 3 /g, after calcining at 900° C. for 2 hours, of ≧0.0097[Al]+0.0647, wherein [Al] is the amount of oxides of aluminum, expressed as pbw Al 2 O 3 per 100 pbw of the composite oxide; a catalyst containing one or more noble metals dispersed on the porous inorganic composite oxide; and a method for making the porous inorganic composite oxide.

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Номер записи: 2
18-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR STUCCO CONDITIONING

Номер: US20130092055A1
Автор: Bailey Joseph J., Hilken Matthew M., JR. David G., Peterson
Принадлежит: National Gypsum Properties, LLC

A process and system for manufacturing gypsum wallboard that aerates, conditions, and cools a portion of the stucco used in the manufacturing process. This conditioning of the stucco reduces the amount of water needed to manufacture the gypsum wallboard which in turn reduces the amount of energy and cost needed to manufacture the wallboard. The stucco may also be pretreated with water. This process may be carried out using a conveyor that agitates a moving bed of stucco while the top surface of the bed is subject to a low pressure water spray. 1. A method for producing a stucco slurry , the method comprising the steps of:providing a mixer;providing a supply of stucco needed to create a stucco slurry;dividing the supply of stucco into a first portion of stucco and a second portion of stucco;aerating and/or wetting the first portion of the stucco prior to adding the first portion of stucco to the mixer;adding the first portion of stucco to the mixer;adding the second portion of stucco to the mixer without aerating and/or wetting the second portion of stucco; andproducing the stucco slurry by mixing the first and second portions of the stucco with at least water.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of supplying the first portion of stucco to a blender.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aerating the first portion of the stucco comprises operating the blender to aerate the first portion of the stucco.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising the step of introducing cold air into the blender.5. The method of further comprising the step of providing a blender capable of being supplied stucco at a variable rate claim 1 , wherein the first portion of stucco is aerated by passing the first portion of stucco through the blender.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising the steps of providing at least one feed control mechanism and using the at least one feed control mechanism to control the rate that the first portion of stucco is supplied to the ...

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Номер записи: 3
18-04-2013 дата публикации

Method of producing inorganic layered double hydroxides, novel inorganic layered double hydroxides and uses of the same

Номер: US20130095323A1
Автор: Grafov Andriy, Grafova Iryna, LESKELA Markku
Принадлежит: LICENTIA OY

Novel nanosized layered double hydroxide materials and a method of producing the same as well as uses of said material. The novel materials are uniform and have the general formula I 1. A method of preparing a uniform nanosized layered double hydroxide material , said method comprising the steps of;dispersing a dehydrated and decarbonated layered double hydroxide in a moderately polar organic dispersion medium to form a suspension,reconstructing the layered double hydroxide by adding water or aqueous solution containing required anions to the suspension, andallowing the reconstitution to proceed for a sufficient period of time at non-boiling conditions of the medium to afford the formation of particles of a uniform nanosized layered double hydroxide material.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nanosized layered double hydroxide material is recovered from the suspension.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the layered double hydroxide is thermally dehydrated and decarbonized before it is being reconstituted.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the layered double hydroxide is calcined at a temperature between 250 to 450° C. claim 3 , for 1 to 24 hours to dehydrate and decarbonise the layered double hydroxide.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the calcined layered double hydroxide is dispersed in an organic dispersion medium by means of sonication.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calcined layered double hydroxide is dispersed by sonication in an organic dispersion medium in a w/v ration of 1:3 to 1:15.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the suspension of the calcined layered double hydroxide is reconstituted by addition of water or aqueous solution containing required anions in a volume ratio of 1:10 to 1:30.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the dilute aqueous solution of said anions is selected from the group of OH claim 7 , CO claim 7 , CHCOO claim 7 , Cl claim 7 , NO and fully or partially ...

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Номер записи: 4
16-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR BIOMASS FRACTIONING BY ENHANCING BIOMASS THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Номер: US20130119314A1
Автор: CHEIKY MICHAEL, Sills Ronald A.
Принадлежит:

A method is disclosed for generating useful chemical intermediates from biomass using a novel pyrolysis reactor that utilizes the inherent thermal properties of carbon under compression as the biomass is subjected to sequential or concurrent temperature ramps. The ramps are sufficient to volatilize and selectively create different components, while the pressure application aids the selective decomposition of the biomass. 1. A method for producing a volatile biomass product , comprising:subjecting biomass to sequential or concurrent ramps of temperature and pressure shocks; andselectively collecting at least one group of volatile compounds as it is released from the biomass.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising grinding a biomass feedstock to produce ground biomass particles and dispensing the ground biomass particles into thin sheets claim 1 , which are then subjected to the sequential or concurrent ramps of temperature and pressure shocks.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the biomass particles are ground to a diameter in the range of 0.001 inch to 1 inch claim 2 , and wherein the thin sheets have a thickness that is a multiple of the ground biomass particle diameter.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the thickness of the thin sheets is between 1 and 30 times the biomass particle diameter.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ramps of temperature vary from about 0.001° C./sec to about 1000° C./sec.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ramps of temperature are varied over a period of time ranging from about 1 microsecond to about 1 week.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure shocks are incremented over a range of pressures.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure shocks are applied over a range of times varying from about 1 microsecond to about 1 week.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure shocks vary in magnitude from about 0.2 MPa to about 10 GPa.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein an admixture of pressure shocks of differing ...

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Номер записи: 5
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system

Номер: US20130164202A1
Автор: Chin-Ming Huang, Heng-Wen Hsu, Shoung OUYANG, Wan-Hsia LIU, Wei-Cheng Chen
Принадлежит: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI

A recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system is disclosed, comprising: a vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment including a plurality of devices, wherein a top device of the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment is used as a feed system; a vertical combustion kiln; a blower; and a powder purge system, wherein powders in the feed system fall into the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment and pass through a plurality of the devices to mix and exchange heat with flue gas comprising CO 2 , generating calcination reaction and releasing CO2 into the flue gas. and the steam is separated and transported to the feed system by the blower and acts as a carrier gas of powders.

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Номер записи: 6
01-08-2013 дата публикации

Process for obtaining precipitated calcium carbonate

Номер: US20130195748A1
Автор: Christian Rainer, Gernot Primosch, Michael Pohl
Принадлежит: Omya International AG

The present invention provides a process for preparing a precipitated calcium carbonate product. The process comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous suspension of precipitated calcium carbonate seeds by carbonating a suspension of Ca(OH) 2 in the presence of 0.005 to 0.030 moles of Sr, in the form of Sr(OH) 2 , based upon moles of Ca(OH) 2 prior to or during carbonation; forming an aqueous suspension of a precipitated calcium carbonate product by carbonating a slurry of Ca(OH) 2 in the presence of 0.5 to 5% by dry weight of the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds, wherein the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds have a D50 that is less than the D50 of the precipitated calcium carbonate product and the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds have an aragonitic polymorph content greater than or equal to the precipitated calcium carbonate product.

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Номер записи: 7
17-10-2013 дата публикации

Installation and method for conversion of paper residue into a mineral product

Номер: US20130274097A1
Автор: Joseph Jan Peter Biermann
Принадлежит: VOITH PATENT GMBH

A method and apparatus for conversion of paper residue into a mineral product uses a fluidized bed device with a distribution plate for securing an even distribution and supply of at least combustion air to the bed material and to the paper residue. An air box below the distribution plate supplies combustion air to the bed material and paper residue above the distribution plate. A heat exchanging section receives in separate parts ambient air and flue gases from the fluidized bed device for exchanging heat between flue gases and ambient air. The heat exchanging section is connected to the air box for supplying the heated ambient air to the air box for use as combustion air. A control system is employed for controlling the amount of bed material and the dimension of its particles and is arranged to monitor and maintain a process parameter within a predefined range.

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Номер записи: 8
16-01-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING GRAPHITE FILM

Номер: US20140015153A1
Автор: Inada Takashi, Mishiro Makoto, Nishikawa Yasushi, Ohta Yusuke
Принадлежит: KANEKA CORPORATION

The present invention performs special heat treatment on a polymer film in a temperature range from (i) a lower limit to temperature rise being equal to or higher than a starting temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer film, i.e., which is a temperature observed at an early stage of the thermal decomposition of the polymer film, to (ii) an upper limit to temperature rise being equal to or lower than an intermediate temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer film. This reduces foaming in the film during graphitization treatment following the special heat treatment. Thus, even with a higher heating rate for graphitization, it is possible to produce a graphite film having good quality. 1. A method for producing a graphite film by heat-treating a polymer film , comprising:a film modification step for performing heat treatment at a heating rate of 5° C./min or more in a temperature range from (i) a lower limit to temperature rise being equal to or higher than a starting temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer film to (ii) an upper limit to temperature rise being equal to or lower than an intermediate temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer film; and thereafterperforming heat treatment at a temperature of 2000° C. or higher.2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , following the film modification step:performing cooling at a cooling rate of 10° C./min or more in a temperature range from (i) the upper limit to temperature rise to (ii) a temperature being equal to or lower than the starting temperature of thermal decomposition of the polymer film.3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein:the polymer film has a weight loss rate of 1.1% or more but 42.5% or less as a result of the film modification step.4. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein:the polymer film has a birefringence of less than 0.13, and the polymer film has a weight loss rate of 1.1% or more but 38.0% or less as a result of ...

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Номер записи: 9
06-02-2014 дата публикации

FIBRE MATRIX AND A METHOD OF MAKING A FIBRE MATRIX

Номер: US20140037878A1
Автор: BELL DAVID, PRICE Roy George
Принадлежит: CARBON FIBRE PREFORMS LTD

A method of forming a three dimensional fibre structure is disclosed which comprises the steps of a) providing a starting material which comprises liquid carrier, fibres and binder; b) passing the starting material over a substrate so as to deposit fibres onto the substrate; c) forming a three dimensional fibre matrix; and d) curing the binder. The flow of material onto the substrate may be controlled such that the flow of a starting material over the substrate is chaotic and fibres are laid down in a three dimensional structure containing a high proportion of voids. The preform may be pressurised while moist and is cured under pressure. The fibres may comprise carbon fibres; recycled carbon fibre has been found to be particularly useful. The resulting preform may be stochastic and is suitable for use in ablative and braking applications. 1. A stochastic fibre preform , comprising a non woven substrate of fibres having a three dimensional matrix , wherein the fibres are held together in the matrix formation by a cured binder.2. A fibre preform according to wherein the fibres comprise carbon fibres.3. A fibre preform according to wherein 10 wt % or more of the fibres are carbon fibre.4. A fibre preform according to wherein the fibre preform is a fibre matrix obtainable by a method comprising the steps of:a) providing a starting material which comprises liquid carrier, fibres and binder;b) passing the starting material over a substrate so as to deposit fibres onto the substrate;c) forming a three dimensional fibre matrix; andd) curing the binder.5. A fibre preform according to wherein step d) comprises curing the binder by the application of heat whilst applying a pressure of 5 kPa or more.6. A fibre preform according to wherein step d) comprises curing the binder by the application of heat whilst applying a pressure of 50 kPa to 50000 kPa or more.7. A fibre preform according to wherein step d) comprises curing the binder by the application of heat whilst applying a ...

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Номер записи: 10
20-02-2014 дата публикации

Sodium Iron(II)-Hexacyanoferrate(II) Battery Electrode and Synthesis Method

Номер: US20140050982A1
Автор: Sean Andrew VAIL, Yuhao Lu
Принадлежит: Sharp Laboratories of America Inc

A method is provided for synthesizing sodium iron(II)-hexacyanoferrate(II). A Fe(CN) 6 material is mixed with the first solution and either an anti-oxidant or a reducing agent. The Fe(CN) 6 material may be either ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− ) or ferricyanide ([Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− ). As a result, sodium iron(II)-hexacyanoferrate(II) (Na 1+X Fe[Fe(CN) 6 ] Z .M H 2 O is formed, where X is less than or equal to 1, and where M is in a range between 0 and 7. In one aspect, the first solution including includes A ions, such as alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, or combinations thereof, resulting in the formation of Na 1+X A Y Fe[Fe(CN) 6 ] Z .M H 2 O, where Y is less than or equal to 1. Also provided are a Na 1+X Fe[Fe(CN) 6 ] Z .M H 2 O battery and Na 1+X Fe[Fe(CN) 6 ] Z .M H 2 O battery electrode.

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Номер записи: 11
27-03-2014 дата публикации

Apparatus for heating or cooling a meltable material

Номер: US20140083654A1
Автор: Ralf BUCH, Robert Rupaner, Waldemar MUENCH
Принадлежит: BASF SE

An apparatus for heating or cooling a meltable material in a container, comprising a heating element ( 10 ) and a holding device ( 20 ), the heating element ( 10 ) being of a tubular design, with an inflow opening ( 11 ) and an outflow opening ( 12 ) for a heat transfer medium to flow through, and being fastened to the holding device ( 20 ) movably in at least one spatial direction as the main direction of movement, wherein the apparatus also has a stirrer ( 30 ) for mixing liquid material through, which is likewise arranged movably in the main direction of movement.

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Номер записи: 12
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Method and device for the heat treatment of granular solids

Номер: US20190001291A1
Автор: Gasafi Edgar, Reeb Bernd, Stegemann Bertold
Принадлежит:

A method for the heat treatment of granular solids includes initially introducing solids into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. Next, the solids are passed through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized. The residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it has various regions which are separated from one another, from which the solid can be withdrawn in a manner such that it is provided with a variety of residence times in the residence time reactor. 1. A method for the heat treatment of granular solids , wherein the solids are initially introduced into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. , and wherein the solids are then guided through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized , wherein the residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it is provided with various mutually separated regions from which the solid is separately removed in a manner such that it has a residence time in the residence time reactor which is of a variable duration , wherein removal from the various regions of the residence time reactor is carried out in a manner such that not all of the regions are fluidized , wherein the fluidized regions are fluidically connected in succession , whereby specific downstream regions are no longer fluidized and therefore actively removed.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein solid is actively removed from at least one region.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a circulating fluidized bed.4. The method as claimed claim 1 , wherein the air is used as the fluidizing gas in the residence time reactor.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the residence time in the first reactor ...

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Номер записи: 13
04-01-2018 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING HIGH-PURITY HYDROGEN BY BIOMASS PYROLYSIS-CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION

Номер: US20180002174A1
Автор: HUA Xiuning, Wang Wei, XIA Zhou
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a device and method for generating high-purity hydrogen by biomass pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion. The device comprises a biomass pyrolysis unit, a chemical looping hydrogen generation unit and a waste heat recovery unit; the biomass pyrolysis unit comprises a vertical bin, a screw feeder, a rotary kiln pyrolysis reactor and a high temperature filter; the chemical looping hydrogen generation unit comprises a path switching system of intake gas end, at least one packed bed reactor and a path switching system of tail gas end, wherein the packed bed reactor is composed of three parallel packed bed reactors I, II and III, which are continuously subjected to fuel reduction-steam oxidation-air combustion stages (steam purging stage) successively; the waste heat recovery unit comprises a waste heat boiler, a cooler and a gas-liquid separator. According to the present invention, a process flow of generating hydrogen from biomass is short, high-purity hydrogen can be obtained by simple condensation and water removal of a hydrogen-containing product that is generated after entrance of a pyrolysis gas into the chemical looping hydrogen generation unit, no complex gas purification device is employed, and the costs for hydrogen generation are low. 1. A device for generating high-purity hydrogen by biomass pyrolysis-chemical looping combustion , wherein the device comprises a biomass pyrolysis unit , a chemical looping hydrogen generation unit and a waste heat recovery unit;the biomass pyrolysis unit comprises a vertical bin, a screw feeder, a rotary kiln pyrolysis reactor and a high temperature filter; the vertical bin conveys raw materials into the rotary kiln pyrolysis reactor through the screw feeder, and the rotary kiln pyrolysis reactor is connected with the high temperature filter through a pyrolysis gas delivery pipe;the chemical looping hydrogen generation unit comprises a path switching system of intake gas end, at least one packed ...

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Номер записи: 14
05-01-2017 дата публикации

A CVI DENSIFICATION INSTALLATION INCLUDING A HIGH CAPACITY PREHEATING ZONE

Номер: US20170002466A1
Автор: DELPERIER Bernard, POTIN Jean-François, SOULIGNAC Sophie
Принадлежит:

A thermochemical treatment installation includes a reaction chamber, at least one gas inlet, and a gas preheater chamber situated between the gas inlet and the reaction chamber. The preheater chamber has a plurality of perforated distribution trays held spaced apart one above another. The preheater chamber also includes, between at least the facing distribution trays, a plurality of walls defining flow paths for a gas stream between said trays. 1. A thermochemical treatment installation comprising a reaction chamber , at least one gas inlet , and a gas preheater chamber situated between the gas inlet and the reaction chamber said preheater chamber having a plurality of perforated distribution trays held spaced apart one above another , wherein the preheater chamber also includes , between at least two facing distribution trays , a plurality of walls defining flow paths for a gas stream between said trays , each wall extending vertically between said at least two facing distribution trays.2. An installation according to claim 1 , wherein the distribution trays are disk-shaped and wherein at least some of the walls extend between said trays in a radial direction.3. An installation according to claim 1 , wherein at least some of the walls present an undulating shape.4. An installation according to claim 1 , wherein the walls present thermal conductivity that is greater in a direction parallel to the distribution trays than in a direction perpendicular to said perforated trays.5. An installation according to claim 4 , wherein the walls are made of composite material having fiber reinforcement densified by a matrix claim 4 , and wherein the reinforcing fibers extend for the most part in a direction parallel to the distribution trays.6. An installation according to claim 4 , wherein the walls are made of graphite.7. An installation according to claim 2 , wherein the number of walls is greater in the vicinity of the peripheries of the distribution trays than in the centers ...

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Номер записи: 15
13-01-2022 дата публикации

CATALYSTS AND METHODS FOR DEPOLYMERIZING PLASTICS

Номер: US20220008898A1
Автор: BECKHAM Gregg Tyler, ELLIS Lucas Delano
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a dehydrogenation (D) catalyst and a cross metathesis (CM) catalyst, where both catalysts are positioned on a support. 1. A composition comprising a dehydrogenation (D) catalyst and a cross metathesis (CM) catalyst , wherein both are positioned on a support.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the D catalyst comprises at least one of tin claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , iridium claim 1 , a chromium oxide claim 1 , a gallium oxide claim 1 , a vanadium oxide claim 1 , a molybdenum oxide claim 1 , or an indium oxide.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the CM catalyst comprises at least one of rhenium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , or tungsten.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the support comprises at least one of a metal oxide claim 1 , silicalite claim 1 , or a zeolite.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the metal oxide comprises at least one of AlO claim 4 , SiO claim 4 , ZrO claim 4 , CeO claim 4 , MgO claim 4 , or ZnO.6. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the zeolite comprises at least oner of KL claim 4 , MCM-41 claim 4 , a beta type claim 4 , a zeolite Y claim 4 , SBA-15 claim 4 , or ZSM-5.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the D catalyst comprises platinum and tin claim 1 , the CM catalyst comprises rhenium claim 1 , and the support comprises AlO.8. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a promoter.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the promoter comprises at least one of lithium claim 8 , sodium claim 8 , potassium claim 8 , rubidium claim 8 , cesium claim 8 , or gallium.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein:the support comprises a first portion and a second portion,the D catalyst is positioned on the first portion at a first concentration,the D catalyst is positioned on the second portion at a second concentration that is less than the first concentration,the CM catalyst is positioned on the first portion at ...

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Номер записи: 16
13-01-2022 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING HYDROCRACKING CATALYST

Номер: US20220008908A1
Автор: Hodgkins Robert Peter, KOSEOGLU Omer Refa, Uchida Koji, Watabe Mitsunori
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a hydrocracking catalyst includes preparing a framework substituted Y-type zeolite, preparing a binder, co-mulling the framework substituted Y-type zeolite, the binder, and one or more hydrogenative metal components to form a catalyst precursor, and calcining the catalyst precursor to generate the hydrocracking catalyst. The framework substituted Y-type zeolite is prepared by calcining a Y-type zeolite at 500° C. to 700° C. to form a calcined Y-type zeolite. Further, the framework substituted Y-type zeolite is prepared by forming a suspension containing the calcined Y-type zeolite, the suspension having a liquid to solid mass ratio of 5 to 15, adding acid to adjust the pH of the suspension to less than 2.0, adding and mixing one or more of a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, or a titanium compound to the suspension, and neutralizing the pH of the suspension to obtain the framework substituted Y-type zeolite. 1. A method for producing a hydrocracking catalyst , the method comprising: [{'sup': '2', 'sub': 2', '2', '3, 'calcining a Y-type zeolite at 500° C. to 700° C. to form a calcined Y-type zeolite, the Y-type zeolite having a crystal lattice constant failing in an inclusive range of 2.430 to 2.450 nm, a specific surface area of 600 to 900 m/g, and a molar ratio of SiOto AlOof 20 to 100;'}, 'forming a suspension containing the calcined Y-type zeolite, the suspension having a liquid to solid mass ratio of 5 to 15;', 'adding acid to adjust the pH of the suspension to less than 2.0;', 'adding and mixing one or more of a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, or a titanium compound to the suspension; and', 'neutralizing the pH of the suspension to obtain the framework substituted Y-type zeolite;, 'preparing a framework substituted Y-type zeolite, wherein the framework substituted Y-type zeolite is prepared bypreparing a binder;co-mulling the framework substituted Y-type zeolite, the binder, and one or more hydrogenative metal components to ...

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Номер записи: 17
11-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PURIFYING AND PREPARING HIGH-PURITY VANADIUM PENTOXIDE POWDER

Номер: US20180009673A1
Автор: BAN Qixun, FAN Chuanlin, LIU Jibin, MU Wenheng, WANG Cunhu, Yang Haitao, ZHU Qingshan
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system and method for purifying and preparing vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase ammonification, thereby obtaining ammonium metavanadate, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder product through fluidized calcination. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to a raw material, no discharge of contaminated wastewater, low energy consumption and chlorine consumption in production, stable product quality and so on. 1. A system for purifying and preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder , comprising a feeding device , a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed , a rectification and purification device , a gas phase ammonification fluidized bed , an ammonium metavanadate feeding device , a calcination fluidized bed , a tail gas washing absorber , an induced draft fan and a chimney;wherein the feeding device comprises an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide hopper, an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide screw feeder, a carbon powder hopper and a carbon powder screw feeder;the low temperature chlorination fluidized bed comprises a chlorination bed feeder, a chlorination fluidized bed body, a chlorination bed cyclone separator, a flue gas heat exchanger, a flue gas condenser, a chlorination bed acid-seal tank and a chlorination bed spiral slag-discharging device;the rectification and purification device comprises a ...

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Номер записи: 18
11-01-2018 дата публикации

System and Method for Producing High-Purity Vanadium Pentoxide Powder

Номер: US20180009675A1
Автор: BAN Qixun, FAN Chuanlin, LIU Jibin, MU Wenheng, WANG Cunhu, ZHU Qingshan
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation and fluidized calcination, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product of hydrochloric acid solution. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, no discharge of contaminated wastewater, low energy consumption in production, low operation cost, stable product quality, etc. 1. A system for producing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder , comprising a feeding device , a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed , a rectification and purification device , a gas phase hydrolyzation fluidized bed , a calcination fluidized bed , a tail gas washing absorber , an induced draft fan and a chimney;wherein the feeding device comprises an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide hopper, an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide screw feeder, a carbon powder hopper and a carbon powder screw feeder;the low temperature chlorination fluidized bed comprises a chlorination bed feeder, a chlorination fluidized bed body, a chlorination bed cyclone separator, a flue gas heat exchanger, a flue gas condenser, a chlorination bed acid-seal tank and a chlorination bed spiral slag-discharging device;the rectification and purification device comprises a distilling still, a rectifying column, a distillate condenser, a reflux liquid ...

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Номер записи: 19
09-01-2020 дата публикации

REACTION DEVICE WITH HEAT EXCHANGER AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20200009524A1
Автор: Aigner Jonathan, Hense Peter, Hornung Andreas, Hornung Thorsten, Pedrazzini Alberto
Принадлежит:

A reaction device is provided with a first wall that defines an interior in which a stirring mechanism is located. A heat exchanger is at least partly provided on the first outer wall surface facing away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, wherein the heat exchanger has a grate structure, and at least two layers are provided which have a grate structure. Thus, it is possible to transfer heat in a precise and efficient manner primarily by means of thermal radiation in endothermic processes at different temperature levels, in particular pyrolysis, gassing, and reforming processes, and thereby use the exhaust heat for other processes. 1. A reaction device comprising:a first wall, which defines an interior, the interior configured to accommodate a stirring mechanism,wherein a heat exchanger is at least partly on a surface of the first wall that faces away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, the heat exchanger including at least two layers each of which has a grate structure.2. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has a double wall comprising:the first wall, anda second wall, so that an intermediate space, which accommodates the heat exchanger, is formed between the first wall and the second wall.3. The reaction device according to claim 2 , wherein the reaction device is a tube furnace.4. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring mechanism is a screw conveyor.5. The reaction device according to claim 4 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises screw sections claim 4 , which have different pitches.6. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has at least two reaction zones with different temperatures.7. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the layers of the heat exchanger are connected to one another at contact points of the layers or contact surfaces of the layers.8. The reaction device according claim 1 , wherein the structure of a grate ...

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Номер записи: 20
14-01-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING OF MATERIALS USING HIGH-TEMPERATURE TORCH

Номер: US20210009412A1
Автор: DiNicolantonio Arthur R., Howard Erik M., Knight Clifton T., Poteet Darrell, Stell Richard C.
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus for reforming carbonaceous material into syngas containing hydrogen and CO gases is disclosed. In one embodiment, a hydrogen rich torch reactor is provided for defining a reaction zone proximate to torch flame. One input of the reactor receives input material to be processed. Further inputs may be provided, such as for example to introduce steam and/or gases such as methane, oxygen, hydrogen, or the like. 1. An apparatus for processing input material , comprising:a reactor vessel defining a combustion zone; the reactor vessel further having at least one input port for receiving the input feedstock, the input feedstock being directed proximally to the at least one flame;', 'the reactor vessel further having an output for discharging a primary reactor output stream;', 'at least one cooler coupled to receive the primary reactor output stream and operable to cool the primary reactor output stream and generate a secondary output stream;, 'the reactor vessel having at least one input for a combustible torch fuel to at least one torch nozzle, the at least one torch nozzle being adapted to generate at least one flame within said reactor;'}a scrubber, coupled to receive the secondary output stream from the cooler/separator, the scrubber being operable to further extract at least one gas from the secondary output stream.2. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the reactor vessel further has an input for receiving a supply of steam.3. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the combustible torch fuel comprises hydrogen.4. An apparatus in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the combustible torch fuel further comprises methane.5. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the combustible torch fuel is combined with oxygen.6. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the combustible torch fuel comprises acetylene.7. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the reactor vessel further having at least one input port ...

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Номер записи: 21
14-01-2021 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYPHOSPHORIC ACID AND DEVICE FOR SUCH A METHOD

Номер: US20210009419A1
Автор: Gabriel Damien, Heptia Bernard, Leruth Denis, Szocs Carl
Принадлежит: PRAYON

A method and device for producing a solution of polyphosphoric acid from a feed solution P0 by the wet method is provided. An enriched phosphoric acid solution optionally mixed with a direct feed solution is pulverised in a flame of a combustion chamber in order to form the polyphosphoric acid solution. The combustion gases from the combustion chamber are placed in contact with the feed solution in a gas-acid contactor in order to increase the temperature and the POconcentration thereof and thus to form an enriched phosphoric acid solution. A portion of the enriched phosphoric acid solution is conveyed with a flow rate of Qp into the combustion chamber in order to be pulverised in the flame. The rest of the enriched phosphoric acid solution is conveyed into a recirculation loop in order to be reinjected into the gas-acid contactor with a flow rate of Q2. The ratio of Qp/(Qp+Q2) is controlled with a predefined value. 1. A process for the production of polyphosphoric acid P3 comprising:{'b': '1', 'sub': 2', '5, '(a) introducing, into a gas/acid contactor (), a feed stream F0 of the contactor of a feed solution P0 of phosphoric acid which exhibits a concentration by weight, xp0, of between 0% and 70% PO,'}{'b': '1', '(b) introducing, into the gas/acid contactor (), a recirculation stream F2 of recirculated enriched phosphoric acid solution P2,'}{'b': '1', '(c) introducing, into the gas/acid contactor (), combustion gases G1,'} an enriched phosphoric acid solution P1 comprising a concentration by weight, xp1, which is greater than xp0 (xp1>xp0) and, on the other hand,', 'contacted combustion gases G3,, '(d) bringing into contact the feed stream F0 of the contactor, the recirculation stream F2 and the combustion gases G1, in order to form, on the one hand,'} [{'b': '1', 'discharging the contacted combustion gases G3 from the gas/acid contactor () and'}, {'b': '1', 'taking the enriched phosphoric acid solution P1 out of the gas/acid contactor (),'}], '(e) separating the ...

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Номер записи: 22
11-01-2018 дата публикации

COMPLEX STRUCTURES IN REFRACTORY BODIES AND METHODS OF FORMING

Номер: US20180010718A1
Автор: Marques Paulo Gaspar Jorge
Принадлежит:

A method of forming complex structures in a ceramic-, glass- or glass-ceramic-body microfluidic module is disclosed including the steps of providing at green-state refractory-material structure comprising least a portion of a body of a microfluidic module, providing a removeable insert formed of a carbon or of a carbonaceous material having an external surface comprising a negative surface of a desired surface to be formed in the microfluidic module, machining an opening in the green-state structure, positioning the insert in the opening, firing the green-state structure and the insert together, and after firing is complete, removing the insert. The insert is desirably a screw or screw shape, such that interior threads are formed thereby. The insert desirably comprises graphite, and the structure desirably comprises ceramic, desirably silicon carbide. 1. A method of forming complex structures in a ceramic- , glass- or glass-ceramic-body , the method comprising the steps of:providing at green-state refractory-material structure;providing a removeable insert formed of a carbon or of a carbonaceous material, an external surface of the insert comprising a negative surface of a desired surface to be formed;machining an opening in the green-state structure, leaving an open volume between the external surface of the insert and an interior surface of the opening;positioning the insert in the opening;firing the green-state structure and the insert together;during firing, reducing or closing the open volume; andafter firing is complete, removing the insert.2. The method according to wherein an open volume between the negative surface of the insert and an inside surface of the opening is sufficiently small claim 1 , and wherein a shrinkage of the green-state structure upon firing is sufficiently large claim 1 , such that the open volume is closed curing the firing process and such that said surface of the opening conforms to the negative surface of the insert.3. The method ...

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Номер записи: 23
03-02-2022 дата публикации

OXY-FUEL CRACKING FURNACES AND BOILERS USING CO2 AS THE WORKING FLUID

Номер: US20220033324A1
Автор: Buss Russel, Chen Daniel H., Femandes Dan P.
Принадлежит: LAMAR UNIVERSITY, A COMPONENT OF THE TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM ,AN AGENCY

Disclosed is an ethylene and/or propylene cracker unit that uses recycled carbon dioxide as a working fluid. A boiler may also use recycled carbon dioxide as a working fluid. In either instance, instead of releasing high-purity COinto the atmosphere, the bulk of the COis utilized as the working fluid and the produced COis captured and sent to the pipeline for utilization or storage. These systems will minimize heat loss and achieve essentially zero COemission to the air. 1. A method for cracking hydrocarbons , comprising:producing a heated outlet gas in a combustion chamber from combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel source mixed with an oxidant source and carbon dioxide gas, wherein the hydrocarbon fuel source is burned in the combustion chamber to produce the heated outlet gas comprising carbon dioxide and water;generating a mixture of the heated outlet gas with a hydrocarbon feed and steam in a cracking system;heating the mixture in the cracking system to produce an ethylene and/or propylene containing stream and a separate water/carbon dioxide stream;separating the water from the carbon dioxide in the water/carbon dioxide stream; andrecycling at least a portion of the separated carbon dioxide back to the combustion chamber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon fuel includes natural gas.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the recycled portion of the separated carbon dioxide stream with heat from the water/carbon dioxide stream exiting the cracking system.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating at least a portion of hydrocarbon feed with heat from the water/carbon dioxide stream exiting the cracking system.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing the water separated from the water/carbon dioxide stream to one or more heat exchangers to generate steam.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the heat for the heat exchangers is provided from the water/carbon dioxide stream exiting the cracking system.7. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 24
17-01-2019 дата публикации

CATALYTIC BODY COATED WITH METAL OXIDE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND METHOD OF PREPARING 1,3-BUTADIENE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20190016649A1
Автор: KIM Jae Woo, Kim Yun Jung, PARK Ji Won, ROW Kyoung Ho, YUN Yong Hee
Принадлежит:

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there are provided a catalytic body, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the same. The catalytic body includes an inactive support; an intermediate layer disposed on a surface of the inactive support; and an active layer disposed on a surface of the intermediate layer, wherein the active layer includes catalyst powder and a binder. 1. A catalytic body comprising:an inactive support;an intermediate layer disposed on a surface of the inactive support; andan active layer disposed on a surface of the intermediate layer,wherein the active layer includes catalyst powder and a binder.2. The catalytic body of claim 1 , wherein the inactive support has a porosity of 70 vol % or less.3. The catalytic body of claim 2 , wherein the inactive support is of one shape selected from the group consisting of a spherical shape claim 2 , a cylindrical shape claim 2 , a ring shape claim 2 , a platy shape claim 2 , and a combination of two or more thereof.4. The catalytic body of claim 3 , wherein the inactive support is one selected from the group consisting of alumina claim 3 , silica claim 3 , zirconia claim 3 , silicon carbide claim 3 , cordierite claim 3 , and a combination of two or more thereof.5. The catalytic body of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer may consist of one selected from the group consisting of alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , kaolin claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , ZnO claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , and a combination of two or more thereof.6. The catalytic body of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer has a weight of 3 to 15 g/L with respect to a volume of the inactive support.7. The catalytic body of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst powder is an oxide derived from one selected from the group consisting of iron claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , bismuth claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , and a combination of two or more thereof.8. The catalytic ...

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Номер записи: 25
16-01-2020 дата публикации

VISIBLE-LIGHT RESPONSE HYBRID AEROGEL AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF IN WASTE GAS PROCESSING

Номер: US20200016585A1
Автор: Chen Dongyun, LU Jianmei
Принадлежит:

Visible-light response hybrid aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof in waste gas processing are disclosed. Dicyandiamide is taken as a precursor and is calcined in two times to prepare a carbon nitride nanosheet; the carbon nitride nanosheet is dispersed in water, silver metavanadate quantum dots are subjected to in-situ growth to prepare a silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet composite material; the silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet composite material and graphene oxide carry out hydrothermal reaction, and are then frozen and dried to prepare silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet/graphene hybrid aerogel which is the visible-light response hybrid aerogel. The problems of large reduction dosage, serious secondary pollution, complexity in operation and the like generated when waste gas is processed by a traditional flue gas denitration technology are overcome. 1. A preparation method of a visible-light response hybrid aerogel , comprising the following steps:(1) using dicyandiamide as a precursor, after two times of calcinations, preparing carbon nitride nanosheets;(2) dispersing carbon nitride nanosheets in water and growing silver metavanadate quantum dots in situ to prepare silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet composites;(3) carrying out hydrothermal reaction of silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet composite with graphene oxide, followed by freeze-drying to prepare silver metavanadate quantum dots/carbon nitride nanosheets/graphene hybrid aerogel, which is a visible-light response hybrid aerogel.2. A preparation method of silver metavanadate quantum dot/carbon nitride nanosheet composites , comprising the following steps:(1) using dicyandiamide as a precursor, after two times of calcinations, preparing carbon nitride nanosheets;(2) dispersing carbon nitride nanosheets in water and growing silver metavanadate quantum dots in situ to prepare silver ...

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Номер записи: 26
16-01-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING OF MINERALS CONTAINING THE LANTHANIDE SERIES AND PRODUCTION OF RARE EARTH OXIDES

Номер: US20200017366A1
Автор: Albornoz Wergertseder Arturo Jose Domingo, Rock Nunez Arturo Patricio
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a system and a method for the processing of minerals containing the lanthanide series and the production of rare earth oxides, which allow a completely closed and continuous treatment of the different materials and desorbent agents involved in the process, thus improving the efficiency in the extraction and avoiding environmental risks associated. The method comprising the steps of: reception and conditioning of the raw material; desorption of valuable product through a plurality of mixing and reaction stages in which the raw material is contacted in countercurrent with a stream of desorbent solution; separation of fine solids; precipitation of secondary minerals through the use of a first reactive solution; precipitation of rare earth carbonates through the use of a second reactive solution; and drying and roasting of the rare earth carbonates to obtain rare earth oxides; wherein the method further comprises a secondary process that allows further processing of the residual mineral, and a dewatering and washing step wherein the residual mineral from the desorption step is washed and a lanthanide-containing liquid is recovered. 1. A method for the processing of mineral containing the lanthanide series and the production of rare earth oxides , comprising the steps of:a) reception and conditioning of the raw material;b) desorption of valuable product through a plurality of mixing and reaction stages in which the raw material is contacted in countercurrent with a stream of desorbent solution;c) separation of fine solids;d) precipitation of secondary minerals through the use of a first reactive solution;e) precipitation of rare earth carbonates through the use of a second reactive solution; andf) drying and calcination of the carbonates to obtain rare earth oxides;wherein the method further comprises a secondary process that allows further processing of the residual mineral, and a dewatering and washing step wherein the residual mineral from the ...

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Номер записи: 27
16-01-2020 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF WASTE PLASTIC THROUGH PYROLYSIS TO HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS LIKE BENZENE AND XYLENES

Номер: US20200017773A1
Автор: GANAPATHY BHOTLA Venkata Ramanarayanan, GANJI Santosh, Narayanaswamy Ravichander, Ramamurthy Krishna Kumar, STANISLAUS Alexander
Принадлежит:

A process for producing benzene and xylenes comprising introducing hydrocarbon liquid stream to hydroprocessor to yield first gas stream and hydrocarbon product (C+); optionally introducing hydrocarbon product to first aromatics separating unit to produce saturated hydrocarbons (C+) and first aromatics stream (C+); feeding hydrocarbon product and/or saturated hydrocarbons to reformer to produce reformer product, second gas stream, and hydrogen stream; introducing reformer product to second aromatics separating unit to produce a non-aromatics recycle stream and second aromatics stream comprising C+ aromatics; recycling non-aromatics recycle stream to reformer; introducing first aromatics stream and/or second aromatics stream to third aromatics separating unit to produce first Caromatics (benzene), Caromatics (toluene), Caromatics (xylenesðylbenzene), C 1. A process for producing benzene and xylenes comprising:{'sub': '5', '(a) contacting a hydrocarbon liquid stream with a hydroprocessing catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a hydroprocessing unit to yield a hydrocarbon product and a first gas stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises C+ hydrocarbons;'}{'sub': 5', '6, '(b) optionally introducing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product to a first aromatics separating unit to produce a saturated hydrocarbons stream and a first aromatics stream, wherein the saturated hydrocarbons stream comprises C+ saturated hydrocarbons, and wherein the first aromatics stream comprises C+ aromatic hydrocarbons;'}{'sub': 6', '8', '6', '8, '(c) feeding at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product and/or at least a portion of the saturated hydrocarbons stream to a reforming unit to produce a reforming unit product, a second gas stream, and a hydrogen stream, wherein the reforming unit comprises a reforming catalyst, and wherein an amount of Cto Caromatic hydrocarbons in the reforming unit product is greater than an amount of Cto Caromatic hydrocarbons in the saturated ...

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Номер записи: 28
22-01-2015 дата публикации

Compact fast pyrolysis system for conversion of carbonaceous materials to liquid, solid and gas

Номер: US20150021159A1
Автор: Cory Leggett, Henry Leggett, Peter Fransham
Принадлежит: ABRI-Tech Inc

An apparatus is provided for pyrolysis of organic material biomass, including: i) a first, horizontal auger tube having inlet for a heat carrier and a second inlet for biomass; and a first outlet for pyrolysis gas and a second outlet for the heat carrier and transformed biomass; ii) a second, inclined auger tube having an inlet at or below the second outlet of the first auger tube, for receiving the heat carrier and transformed biomass from the second outlet of the first auger tube and an outlet at a level above the inlet thereof, the outlet communicating with the first inlet of the first auger tube to deliver heat carrier thereto.

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Номер записи: 29
28-01-2016 дата публикации

Calcination apparatus, process for producing oxide catalyst, and process for producing unsaturated acid or unsaturated nitrile

Номер: US20160023994A1
Автор: Eri Tateno, Haruhiko Watanabe, Masatoshi Kaneta, Toshihiko Fukuzono
Принадлежит: Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp

Disclosed is a calcination apparatus, including: a calcination tube having open ends at both terminals; a pair of hoods, each hood covering each open end of the calcination tube; and a pair of rings, each ring sealing a gap between the calcination tube and the hood, wherein the rings are directly or indirectly fixed on an outer surface of the calcination tube; a groove is provided along a circumferential direction of the ring at a contact surface side between the ring and the hood; a sealed chamber surrounded by the hood and the groove is formed; and both the calcination tube and the rings rotate in a circumferential direction of the calcination tube while keeping the hood in contact with both sides of the groove.

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Номер записи: 30
25-01-2018 дата публикации

USE OF A REACTOR, METHODS, AND DEVICE FOR QUANTITATIVELY OBTAINING MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FROM SUBSTANCES

Номер: US20180021746A1
Автор: GEHRE Matthias, KUEMMEL Steffen, RENPENNING Julian
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δH) of hydrogen using online apparatuses. 1. The method according to wherein the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated in the reactor to pyrolize the substances.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the pyrolysis of the substances is carried out using a carrier gas.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that at least one section of a reactor inner wall is made of claim 38 , at least on its inner side claim 38 , material containing chromium claim 38 , and/or at least one section of a reactor inner wall has a coating containing chromium claim 38 , and/or a material containing chromium is embedded in at least one section of a reactor inner wall claim 38 , at least on its inner side.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium is made of chromium and other heat-stable materials which do not contain any hydrogen and/or do not react with molecular hydrogen above 1100° C.11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 10 mL/min.15. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 300 mL/min.16. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ...

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Номер записи: 31
10-02-2022 дата публикации

Device And Method For Improving Specific Energy Requirement Of Plasma Pyrolyzing Or Reforming Systems

Номер: US20220040656A1
Автор: Bromberg Leslie, Owen Jorj Ian, Tran Kim-Chinh, Whitlow Jonathan
Принадлежит:

Devices and methods for reducing the specific energy required to reform or pyrolyze reactants in plasmas operating at high flow rates and high pressures are presented. These systems and methods include 1) introducing electrons and/or easily ionized materials to a plasma reactor, 2) increasing turbulence and swirl velocity of the flows of feed gases to have improved mixing in a plasma reactor, and 3) reducing slippage from a plasma reactor system. Such plasma systems may allow plasma reactors to operate at lower temperatures, higher pressure, with improved plasma ignition, increased throughput and improved energy efficiency. In preferred embodiments, the plasma reactors are used to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon, or carbon monoxide through reforming and pyrolysis reactions. Preferred feedstocks include methane, carbon dioxide, and other hydrocarbons. 1. A plasma reactor system for the conversion of one or more reactants into products , comprising:a catalyzing or seeding unit;a tornado inlet unit having a tornado chamber inlet;a plasma reactor;and a second stage reactor unit;wherein a first portion of reactants enters the catalyzing or seeding unit, wherein the catalyzing or seeding unit introduces a flow of electrons, easily ionizable materials, or both electrons and easily ionizable materials into the first portion of reactants;wherein an output of the catalyzing or seeding unit is in communication with the tornado inlet unit;wherein a second portion of reactants enter the tornado inlet unit via the tornado chamber inlet, wherein an outlet of the tornado inlet unit is in communication with the plasma reactor;wherein the plasma reactor increases the temperature of the first portion of reactants and the second portion of reactants;wherein the first portion of reactants and the second portion of reactants are converted into a product within the plasma reactor, the second stage reactor unit, or both the plasma reactor and the second stage ...

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Номер записи: 32
10-02-2022 дата публикации

THREE-DIMENSIONALLY ORDERED MACROPOROUS OXYGEN-DEFICIENT CERIUM DIOXIDE CATALYST, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Номер: US20220040675A1
Автор: AN Taicheng, KONG Jiejing, Li Guiying
Принадлежит: GUANGDONG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

The present application is related to a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous oxygen-deficient cerium dioxide catalyst, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by using a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) colloidal crystal template method, calcining in a reducing/oxidizing atmosphere, and treating with water vapor, and the prepared catalyst shows an excellent activity and stability in photothermocatalytic purification of typical amospheric pollutants such as styrene, n-hexane, and cyclohexane. The method has the characteristics of cheap and easily available raw materials, simple preparation process, controllable oxygen vacancy, surface acid amount, and acid strength of the obtained material, and excellent photothermocatalytic performance. 1. A preparation method of a three-dimensionally ordered macroporous oxygen-deficient cerium dioxide catalyst , comprising following steps of:S1: adding cerium nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid monohydrate powder into an alcohol solution to obtain an even transparent solution A after ultrasonic treatment;S2: immersing polymethyl methacrylate microsphere powder in the solution A, carrying out ultrasonic homogenization, then removing excess liquid by suction filtration to obtain a solid B, and sequentially carrying out vacuum drying, calcination I, and calcination II on the solid B to obtain a solid C; andS3: transferring the solid C obtained in the step S2 into a fixed bed reactor, and then carrying out calcination III, water vapor treatment, and calcination IV to obtain the three-dimensionally ordered macroporous oxygen-deficient cerium dioxide catalyst;wherein the calcination III and the water vapor treatment in the step S3 are carried out at the same time, and comprise processes of: controlling a humidity in the reactor to be 10% to 90% by using a nitrogen bubbling device, and calcinating at 200° C. to 600° C. for 1 hour to 24 hours in a mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen with a ...

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Номер записи: 33
10-02-2022 дата публикации

Copper-Iron-Based Catalytic Composition Comprising Zeolites, Method for Producing Such Catalytic Composition and Process Using Such Catalytic Composition for the Conversion of Syngas to Higher Alcohols

Номер: US20220040678A1
Автор: CURULLA-FERRE Daniel, LUK Ho Ting, MONDELLI Cecilia, Perez-Ramirez Javier, STEWART Joseph
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst composition comprising copper and iron on a support for use in a process for the synthesis of higher alcohols from a syngas feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst composition being remarkable in that the support is one or more zeolite, in that the total content of iron and copper is ranging from 1 to 10 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst composition and as determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, in that the Cu/Fe bulk molar ratio is ranging from 1.1:1.0 to 5.0:1.0 as determined by XRF spectroscopy. 115-. (canceled)16. A catalyst composition comprising an active phase comprising copper and iron on a support for use in a process for the synthesis of higher alcohols from a syngas feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide , the catalyst composition being characterized in that the support is one or more zeolites having a Si/Al molar ratio ranging from 10 to 200 as determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) , in that the total content of iron and copper is ranging from 3.0 to 10 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst composition and as determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy , in that the Cu/Fe bulk molar ratio is ranging from 1.1:1.0 to 5.0:1.0 as determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and , wherein said catalyst composition is a reduced catalyst composition.17. The catalyst composition according to claim 16 , characterized in that the one or more zeolites are selected from MFI claim 16 , FAU claim 16 , MOR claim 16 , FER claim 16 , BEA claim 16 , TON claim 16 , MTT claim 16 , OFF families claim 16 , or any mixture thereof.18. The catalyst composition according to claim 16 , characterized in that the one or more zeolites are or comprises ZSM-5.19. The catalyst composition according to claim 16 , characterized in that said catalyst composition is a reduced catalyst composition as ...

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Номер записи: 34
25-01-2018 дата публикации

System and Method for Preparing High-Purity Vanadium Pentoxide Powder

Номер: US20180022616A1
Автор: BAN Qixun, FAN Chuanlin, LIU Jibin, MU Wenheng, WANG Cunhu, ZHU Qingshan
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system and method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is subjected to purification by rectification, ammonium salt precipitation and fluidized calcination, thereby obtaining high-purity vanadium pentoxide, wherein the ammonia gas produced during calcination is condensed and then recycled for ammonium salt precipitation. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, less pollution, low energy consumption in production, low operation cost, stable product quality, etc. 1. A system for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder , comprising a feeding device , a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed , a rectification and purification device , an ammonium salt precipitation device , an ammonium salt feeding device , a calcination fluidized bed , a tail gas washing absorber , an induced draft fan and a chimney;wherein the feeding device comprises an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide hopper, an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide screw feeder, a carbon powder hopper and a carbon powder screw feeder;the low temperature chlorination fluidized bed comprises a chlorination bed feeder, a chlorination fluidized bed body, a chlorination bed cyclone separator, a flue gas heat exchanger, a flue gas condenser, a chlorination bed acid-seal tank and a chlorination bed spiral slag-discharging device;the rectification and purification device comprises a distilling still, a rectifying ...

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Номер записи: 35
10-02-2022 дата публикации

A process for preparing chemically modified bicarbonate salt particles

Номер: US20220041459A1
Автор: Indu Bhushan, Rakshith SHETTY, Vinay Rao
Принадлежит: Steerlife India Pvt Ltd

The present disclosure relates to a method for chemically modifying particles of a bicarbonate salt in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and chemically modified bicarbonate particles prepared therefrom. The present disclosure also relates to a method for controlling an amount of carbonate salt formed during chemical modification of bicarbonate salt particles.

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Номер записи: 36
29-01-2015 дата публикации

GASIFICATION REACTOR

Номер: US20150027560A1
Автор: KAR Ibrahim, SCHMITZ-GOEB Manfred Heinrich
Принадлежит:

A gasification reactor comprising a gasifier with a tubular gastight wall arranged within a pressure vessel. The gasification reactor comprises one or more pressure responsive devices comprising a sleeve with a cooled section extending outwardly from an opening in the gastight wall. The pressure responsive devices can, e.g., include a pressure measurement device and/or a pressure equalizer. Method of using a pressure responsive device with such a gasifier, wherein a heat sluice is used formed by a sleeve with a cooled section extending outwardly from an opening in the gastight wall. 1. A gasification reactor wherein the sleeve comprises a purging gas inlet.2. A pressure responsive device comprising a pressure equalizer suitable for use in a gasification reactor , comprising a sleeve with a cooled section and a ram which is slideable within the sleeve between a first position closing off the sleeve , and a second position wherein the sleeve is at least partly open to form a passage from one side of the gastight gasifier wall to the other side. The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/979,748 filed Jul. 15, 2013, which is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 national stage filing of PCT/EP2012/050408, filed Jan. 12, 2012, which claims priority of European application no. 11150933.7, filed Jan. 14, 2011, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.The present invention relates to a gasification reactor comprising a gasifier in a tubular gastight wall with a lower end opening into an aqueous slag collection bath, wherein the gastight wall is arranged within a pressure vessel. The invention also relates to a method of using a pressure responsive device, such as pressure equalizer or a pressure measurement device, with such a gasification reactor. The invention also relates to a pressure equalizer and a pressure measurement device for such a gasification reactor.Gasification reactors can for instance be used for the production of synthetic gas by ...

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Номер записи: 37
28-01-2021 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Torrefaction of Biomass

Номер: US20210024845A1
Автор: NOLAND Jeffrey
Принадлежит:

A biomass torrefaction system includes a reactor vessel for biomass particles, a burner for combusting one or more fuels to produce a heated gas, a fan for supplying a flow of the heated gas through the reactor vessel to heat the biomass particles, and a controller configured to calculate a torrefaction index according to one or more sensed parameters of the system. The sensed parameter(s) include at least one of a reactor vessel retention time, a reactor vessel temperature difference and a higher heating value (HHV) of a syngas output by the reactor vessel. The controller is also configured to automatically adjust one or more operation values of the system according to the calculated torrefaction index. The operation value(s) include at least one of the reactor vessel retention time, a heating rate of the system, and a mixture of the one or more fuels combusted by the burner. 1. A method for controlling a biomass torrefaction system , the method comprising:conveying biomass particles through a reactor vessel, the reactor vessel including an inlet and an outlet;producing a heated gas using one or more fuels combusted by a burner;supplying, by a fan, a flow of the heated gas through the reactor vessel to heat the biomass particles;calculating, by a controller, a torrefaction index according to one or more sensed parameters of the system, the one or more sensed parameters including at least one of a reactor vessel retention time, a reactor vessel temperature difference and a higher heating value (HHV) of a syngas output by the reactor vessel; andautomatically adjusting, by the controller, one or more operation values of the system according to the calculated torrefaction index, the one or more operation values including at least one of the reactor vessel retention time, a heating rate of the system, and a mixture of the one or more fuels combusted by the burner.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the controller comprises a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) ...

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Номер записи: 38
05-02-2015 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for the Co-Generation of Gaseous Fuels, Biochar, and Fertilizer From Biomass and Biogenic Wastes

Номер: US20150033812A1
Автор: Ferguson Thomas E., Park Ah-Hyung Alissa
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems for converting a biomass and biogenic wastes to hydrogen with integrated carbon dioxide capture and storage are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods include the following: mixing at least one of a dry solid or liquid or liquid hydroxide and catalysts with a biomass to form a biomass mixture; heating the biomass mixture until the hydroxide and the biomass react to produce hydrogen, carbonate, biochar, and potentially fertilizer; calcining the carbonate or performing double replacement reactions of the carbonate to produce sequestration-ready carbon dioxide and a hydroxide; storing the carbon dioxide produced; transferring the hydrogen produced to a fuel cell; and generating electricity with the fuel cell. 1. A method of converting a biomass to hydrogen and carbon dioxide , said method comprising:mixing a dry solid or liquid or liquid hydroxide with a biomass to form a biomass mixture;heating said biomass mixture and water vapor until said hydroxide and said biomass react to produce hydrogen and carbonate; andcalcining said carbonate or performing double replacement reactions of said carbonate to produce carbon dioxide and a hydroxide.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:mixing catalysts with said biomass mixture prior to heating said biomass mixture.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said catalysts include nickel and iron.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said catalysts include nanoparticle organic hybrid materials (NOHMs).5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein said NOHMs include a nanoparticle core and molecular organic polymeric corona.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said nanoparticle core include at least one of nickel and iron.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said dry solid or liquid hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide or their solutions.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said alkali metal hydroxide is one of KOH claim 7 , NaOH claim 7 , LiOH claim 7 , ...

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Номер записи: 39
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Reactor and Process for Gasifying and/or Melting of Feed Materials

Номер: US20220049169A1
Автор: Andre WEGNER, Petrus Hendrik Ferreira Bouwer
Принадлежит: AFRICAN RAINBOW MINERALS Ltd

This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO 2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

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Номер записи: 40
04-02-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DIRECT THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF HYDROCARBONS WITH LIQUID METAL IN THE ABSENCE OF OXYGEN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON

Номер: US20210032102A1
Автор: Abánades Velasco Alberto, DIETRICH Benjamin, GEISSLER Tobias, Martínez-Val Peñalosa José Maria, Muñoz Antón Javier, PLEVAN Michael, STOPPEL Leonid, WETZEL Thomas
Принадлежит:

Direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons into solid carbon and hydrogen is performed by a process and a device. The process comprises preheating a hydrocarbon gas stream to a temperature between 500° C. and 700° C. and injecting the pre-heated hydrocarbon gas stream into the reactor pool of a liquid metal reactor containing a liquid media; forming a multi-phase flow with a hydrocarbon gas comprising hydrogen and solid carbon at a temperature between 900° C. and 1200° C.; forming a carbon layer on the free surface of the liquid media made up of solid carbon particles which are then displaced into at least one carbon extraction system and at least one recipient for collecting them; and, at the same time, the gas comprising hydrogen leaves the reactor pool through a porous rigid section, being collected at a gas outlet collector from where the gas comprising hydrogen finally leaves the liquid metal reactor. 1. A process for the direct thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons into solid carbon and hydrogen comprising:a. preheating a hydrocarbon gas stream and conducting the hydrocarbon gas stream from at least one hydrocarbon gas stream inlet, located at a top part of a liquid metal reactor, to a bottom part of the liquid metal reactor, through a pre-heating conduit located surrounding the external perimeter of the liquid metal reactor, said pre-heating conduit being located inside a thermal insulation means, and obtaining a pre-heated hydrocarbon gas stream at a temperature between 500° C. and 700° C.;b. injecting the pre-heated hydrocarbon gas stream obtained in step (a) into a reactor pool, containing a liquid metal media, of the liquid metal reactor, wherein said injection takes place at the bottom part of the liquid metal reactor through a porous section or a set of gas injection orifices;c. the hydrocarbon gas injected into the liquid metal reactor in step (b) moves upwards by buoyancy forming a multi-phase flow including a hydrocarbon gas comprising hydrogen and ...

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Номер записи: 41
01-05-2014 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING A BIOMASS

Номер: US20140119997A1
Автор: Shulenberger Arthur M., Wechsler Mark
Принадлежит: Renewable Fuel Technologies, Inc.

An apparatus to convert carbonaceous materials, particularly biomass and those biomass resources which are remotely located, into a solid material, which may be a high performance solid fuel, are presented. The apparatus provides a continuous process which can be completely powered by the energy contained in the biomass. The heat, mechanical power and electrical power are provided from the energy in the biomass, through the methods described. In this way, the apparatus is free to operate in remote locations, where no power or auxiliary fuel sources are available. 124-. (canceled)25. An apparatus for processing a biomass , said apparatus comprising:a reactor including a first portion for transporting and thermally treating biomass and a second portion for transporting a heat transfer medium, where at least part of the second portion is in thermal contact with at least part of the second portion, and wheresaid first portion includes an inlet to accept the biomass, a first outlet to provide treated biomass, and a second outlet to provide gases evolved from the biomass at said second outlet, andsaid second portion includes an inlet to accept a heat transfer medium and an outlet to provide the heat transfer medium;a reformer having an inlet in fluid communication with the second outlet of said first portion, and an outlet, where the reformer is adapted to chemically react gas accepted at said inlet and provide a fuel at said outlet; anda heat exchanger adapted to provide thermal contact between the heat transfer medium and the fuel, where said heat exchanger has an inlet in fluid communication with said second portion outlet, an outlet in fluid communication with said second portion inlet, a fuel inlet in fluid communication with the reformer outlet, and a fuel outlet to provide fuel,where, when said apparatus is provided with biomass, said reactor thermally treats said biomass to form processed biomass and said heat exchanger recovers thermal energy for the reactor.26. ...

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Номер записи: 42
08-02-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CALCINATION OF GYPSUM

Номер: US20180036697A1
Автор: ENDO Kazumi, NIIMI Katsumi, NITOH Kouji, TAKENAKA Takeshi
Принадлежит: YOSHINO GYPSUM CO., LTD.

An apparatus for calcination of gypsum includes a gypsum calciner having an interior wall surface with a circular or annular configuration as seen in its plan view, and a tubular combustor positioned at a center part of a body of the calciner. Raw gypsum is calcined or dehydrated by a high temperature gas spouting flow (Hg) ejected from a lower portion of the combustor. The calciner has a stationary-vane-type or movable-vane-type auxiliary device, which circumferentially energizes the raw gypsum in the vicinity of the interior wall surface toward a circumferential direction of the calciner. The auxiliary device has a plurality of stationary vanes circumferentially arranged in an outer peripheral zone of a lower portion of the combustor and spaced apart from each other at an angular interval, or an agitator extending through a conical or inner circumferential surface defined by the interior wall surface. 1. An apparatus for calcination of gypsum , which includes a gypsum calciner having an interior wall surface with a circular or annular horizontal cross-section or profile , and a tubular combustor located at a center part of the calciner and generating a high temperature gas , wherein a spouting flow of the high temperature gas is ejected to an interior area of the calciner through a high temperature gas outlet provided at a lower part of the combustor , so that raw gypsum fed to the interior area continuously or intermittently is calcined or dehydrated by the high temperature gas , and the calcined or dehydrated gypsum is discharged out of the calciner , comprising:an auxiliary device energizing the raw gypsum in vicinity of the interior wall surface toward a circumferential direction of said calciner, or augmenting a movement of the raw gypsum in the vicinity of the interior wall surface toward the circumferential direction,wherein the auxiliary device has a plurality of stationary vanes circumferentially arranged in an outer peripheral zone of said combustor and ...

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Номер записи: 43
08-02-2018 дата публикации

Pyrolytic reactor and method of using

Номер: US20180036698A1
Автор: Aziz Sattar, Laura E. Leonard, Mohamad R. Mostofi-Ashtiani, Peter SHAFE, Rajeswar R. Gattupalli, Vighneswara R. KOLLATI, Vinayender Kuchana
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Methods and apparatus to produce alkynes are described. The method includes combusting fuel and an oxidizer in a combustion zone to create a carrier gas stream, which is accelerated to supersonic speed in an expansion zone. A feedstock material is injected into a feedstock injection zone using two or more pluralities of injection nozzles. The injection nozzles are arranged annularly. The carrier gas stream is transitioned from supersonic speed to subsonic speed to create a shockwave in a reaction zone. The reaction zone is directly connected to the feedstock injection zone, and the shockwave is created adjacent to the feedstock injection zone. The carrier gas stream and the feedstock material are simultaneously mixed and reacted.

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Номер записи: 44
11-02-2016 дата публикации

Conversion of polymer containing materials to petroleum products

Номер: US20160040073A1
Автор: Benjamin Ralph Coates, Priyanka Bakaya
Принадлежит: Pk Clean Technologies Inc

Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.

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Номер записи: 45
24-02-2022 дата публикации

STRUCTURED MONOLITHIC CATALYST FOR REDUCING NOX EMISSION IN FLUE GAS, THE PREPARATION METHOD AND THE USE THEREOF

Номер: US20220054977A1
Автор: DA Zhijian, JIANG Qiuqiao, Lin Wei, Song Haitao, TIAN Huiping, WANG Peng, YAN Jiasong, Zhang Jiushun
Принадлежит:

A structured monolithic catalyst has a structured monolithic carrier and a coating of active components. The coating of active components comprises active metal components and a substrate. The active metal components conclude a first metal element, a second metal element, a third metal element and a fourth metal element. The first metal element includes Fe and Co; the second metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the metal elements of the Group IA and/or IIA; the third metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-noble metal elements of the Groups IB to VIIB; and the fourth metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the noble metal elements. 1. A structured monolithic catalyst for reducing NOx emission in flue gas , comprising: a structured monolithic carrier and a coating of active components disposed on inner surface and/or outer surface of the structured monolithic carrier , wherein , based on the total weight of the catalyst , the coating of active components is presented in an amount of about 1-50 wt % , wherein the coating of active components comprises active metal components and a substrate , wherein the active metal components comprise a first metal element , a second metal element , a third metal element and a fourth metal element , wherein the first metal element is selected from the group consisting of the non-noble metal elements of the Group VIII , wherein the first metal element includes Fe and Co , wherein the weight ratio of Fe and Co is 1:(0.05-20) on an oxide basis , wherein the second metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the metal elements of the Group IA and/or IIA , wherein the third metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-noble metal elements of the Groups IB to VIIB , and wherein the fourth metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of the noble metal elements.2. The ...

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Номер записи: 46
24-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUTANOL USING A TITANIUM-BASED BIMETALLIC HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST

Номер: US20220055016A1
Автор: Sanchez Ricardo Arreola
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for the production of butanol using a titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst comprising a support of titanium dioxide doped with cobalt cations and transition metal nanoparticles impregnated in the support. The method described produces butanol as a single product, it is environmentally responsible and cost-effective. The present invention also describes a manufacturing process of the titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst with enhanced selectivity, activity, and stability, among other advantages. 1. A titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst comprising a support of titanium dioxide doped with cobalt cations and transition metal nanoparticles impregnated in the support.2. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the cobalt cations are cobalt (III).3. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the cobalt cations are absorbed into the surface of the support of titanium dioxide.4. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal nanoparticles are selected from gold (Au) nanoparticles claim 1 , cobalt (Co) nanoparticles or a mixture thereof.5. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 4 , wherein the transition metal nanoparticles are a mixture of gold and cobalt nanoparticles claim 4 , which forms a nanoalloy (Au—Co) in the surface of the titanium dioxide support.6. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal nanoparticles are from approximately 0.8 to 1.2% of the total weight of the titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst.7. The titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst according to claim 6 , wherein the transition metal nanoparticles are approximately 1.0% of the total weight of the titanium-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalyst.8. The titanium-based ...

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Номер записи: 47
24-02-2022 дата публикации

CERIUM OXIDE PARTICLES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF

Номер: US20220055017A1
Автор: NISHIMURA Kaoru, Ohtake Naotaka, OKAZUMI Mitsuhiro, SASAKI Toshihiro
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to cerium oxide particles that have excellent heat resistance under hydrothermal conditions at high temperature. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such cerium oxide particles and to a catalytic composition comprising said cerium oxide. 1. Cerium oxide particles exhibiting:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'sup': '2', 'a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 800° C. for 16 hours, under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O, 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N, of at least 75 m/g; or'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'sup': '2', 'a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 700° C. for 16 hours, under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O, 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N, of at least 97 m/g.'}2. Cerium oxide particles according to claim 1 , exhibiting a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 800° C. for 16 hours claim 1 , under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O claim 1 , 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N claim 1 , between 75 and 80 m/g.3. Cerium oxide particles according to claim 1 , exhibiting a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 700° C. for 16 hours claim 1 , under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O claim 1 , 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N.4. Cerium oxide particles according to claim 1 , exhibiting a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 700° C. for 16 hours claim 1 , under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O claim 1 , 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N claim 1 , between 97 and 102 m/g.5. Cerium oxide particles according to one of the preceding claims claim 1 , exhibiting a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 900° C. for 16 hours claim 1 , under a gaseous atmosphere containing 10% by volume of O claim 1 , 10% by volume of HO and the balance of N claim 1 , of at least 39 m/g.6. Cerium oxide particles according to claim 1 , exhibiting a specific surface area (BET) after ageing at 900° C. for ...

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Номер записи: 48
24-02-2022 дата публикации

Method for preparing nano-materials and apparatus thereof

Номер: US20220055900A1
Автор: Eun Kwang PARK, Jae Hoon Kim, JaeWoo Kim
Принадлежит: Naieel Technology

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, mass production is possible and production time may be reduced, thus increasing yield. Furthermore, a method and apparatus for manufacturing a nanomaterial, which can manufacture a high-purity nanomaterial are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 49
07-02-2019 дата публикации

ACTIVATED PHYLLOSILICATE CLAY OXIDATION CATALYST

Номер: US20190039048A1
Автор: HOWARD Erica, MELOT Brent
Принадлежит:

A method is disclosed for the activation of transition-metal containing phyllosilicate structures and uses of the activated phyllosilicates. The process of activation either liberates a proton or an entire hydroxyl group from the structure, creating a material with a mixed-valence state that can oxidize alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. 1. A heterogeneous catalyst comprising a crystallized phyllosilicate structure and mixed oxidation states of one or more metals in the phyllosilicate structure , wherein the catalyst is in an activated catalyst form such that protons , hydroxyls , or both , have been removed from the surface of the catalyst compared to the non-activated catalyst form , to provide an activated catalyst form , and the activated catalyst form is stable at 20-30° C.2. The catalyst of wherein the phyllosilicate structure has the formula MXO(OH).4HO; AMXO(OH).4HO; MXO(OH); MXO(OH); or AMXO(OH); whereinM is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg or Al, or a solid solution of any two or more of the recited elements, wherein the catalyst comprises M moieties in the 2+ oxidation state, in the 3+ oxidation state, or M moieties in the 2+ oxidation state and other M moieties in the 3+ oxidation state;{'sub': '4', 'A is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, NH, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba; or a solid solution of any two or more of the recited elements, and'}X is Fe, Al, Si, or Ti, or a solid solution of any two or more of the recited elements.3. The catalyst of wherein M is Ni.4. The catalyst of wherein the catalyst comprises Ni and Zn.5. The catalyst of wherein the catalyst comprises phyllosilicate tetrahedral sheets claim 2 , octahedral sheets claim 2 , 1:1 tetrahedral:octahedral layers claim 2 , or 2:1 tetrahedral:octahedral layers.6. The catalyst of wherein the catalyst comprises NiSiO(OH) claim 2 , where x is about 0.5 to about 3.7. The catalyst of wherein the ratio of OH:O ions on catalyst surface is less than 1:2.8. The catalyst of wherein the ratio of OH:O ions on catalyst surface ...

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Номер записи: 50
18-02-2021 дата публикации

Method and Reactor for Pyrolysis Conversion of Hydrocarbon Gases

Номер: US20210046440A1
Автор: Chen Lei, PANNALA Sreekanth, Shtern Vladimir, WEST David
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis reactor () and method for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases (e.g., methane) utilizes a pyrolysis reactor () having a unique burner assembly () and pyrolysis feed assembly () that creates an inwardly spiraling fluid flow pattern of the feed gases to form a swirling gas mixture that passes through a burner conduit () with a constricted neck portion or nozzle (). At least a portion of the swirling gas mixture forms a thin, annular mixed gas flow layer immediately adjacent to the burner conduit (). A portion of the swirling gas mixture is combusted as the swirling gas mixture passes through the burner conduit () and a portion of combustion products circulates in the burner assembly (). This provides conditions suitable for pyrolysis of hydrocarbons or light alkane gas, such as methane or natural gas. 1. A pyrolysis reactor for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases comprising:a pyrolysis reactor vessel having a reactor wall that defines a pyrolysis reaction chamber;a burner assembly having a burner conduit with a circumferential wall that surrounds a central longitudinal axis and extends from opposite upstream and downstream ends of the burner conduit, the circumferential wall tapering in width from the downstream and upstream ends to an annular constricted neck portion located between the downstream and upstream ends of the burner conduit, the downstream end of the burner conduit being in fluid communication with the reaction chamber of the pyrolysis reactor, the upstream end of the burner conduit forming a burner assembly inlet; a downstream feed assembly wall that extends circumferentially around and joins the upstream end of the burner assembly inlet, the downstream feed assembly wall being oriented perpendicular to the central axis;', 'an upstream feed assembly wall that is axially spaced upstream from the downstream wall along the central axis and extends perpendicularly across the central axis;', 'a gas partition wall axially spaced between the ...

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Номер записи: 51
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Method for Gasifying Feedstock with High Yield Production of Biochar

Номер: US20200040268A1
Автор: Brown Jeffrey Scott, Davis Brandon, Hopper Billy Freeman, Kelfkens Renus, Loftin Mark Oliver, Newman Matt, Potgieter Deon John
Принадлежит: Aries Gasification, LLC

A downdraft gasifier and method of gasification with high yield biochar that utilizes a plurality of high throughput, vertically positioned tubes to create a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone beneath the pyrolysis zone and a reduction zone beneath the oxidation zone. A rotating and vertically adjustable rotating grate is located beneath the reduction zone of the gasifier. In addition, a drying zone is located above the pyrolysis zone so the heat of the gasifier can be used to dry feedstock before it enters the gasifier. By optimizing the grate height and rpm, feedstock retention time in the drying zone, the drying zone temperature and feedstock moisture content, the result is gasification of biomass with a high yield and continuous biochar production. 1. A method of gasifying feedstock with a high yield of biochar comprising:Filling a gasifier with feedstock; said gasifier comprising a plurality of conjoined and vertically positioned tubes having an interior wall, an exterior wall, a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the proximal end provides an inlet and the distal end provides an outlet, a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone;Drying the feedstock;Igniting the feedstock to create an oxidation band;Injecting oxidant streams into the oxidation zone using at least two rings of plano air inlets;Moving feedstock sequentially from the drying zone through the pyrolysis zone where the feedstock begins to decompose, then through an oxidation zone where the feedstock begins to change to producer gas and then through a reduction zone where the change to producer gas is completed, the gas cools and separates from the biochar;Holding feedstock and a bed of biochar inside the gasifier using a rotating and vertically adjustable grate positioned below the reduction zone, said position of the grate forming a variably sized bypass between the grate and the reduction zone;Removing biochar through the rotating grate and the bypass;Removing ...

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Номер записи: 52
18-02-2016 дата публикации

NEW AND IMPROVED SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING VARIOUS CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS

Номер: US20160045841A1
Автор: BRADLEY Randall, KAPLAN Allen
Принадлежит: Transtar Group, Ltd.

Eco-friendly systems, methods and processes/processing (EFSMP) or an integrated Matrix encompasses stand-alone and/or interconnected modules for completely self-sustained, closed-loop, emission-free processing of multiple source feedstock that can include pretreatment, with poisoning materials isolated during pretreatment being further recycled to provide useful materials such as, for example, separated metals, carbon and fullerenes for production of nano materials, sulfur, water, sulfuric acid, gas, heat and carbon dioxide for energy production, and production of refined petroleum, at a highly-reduced cost over the best state-of-the-art refining methods/systems that meets new emissions standards as well as optimizes production output with new ultra-speed cycle times. By-products from the petroleum refining process which were previously discarded also now are recycled as renewable sources of energy (water, waste oil and rubber/coal derived pyrolyic (pyrolysis) oil, carbon gases and process gases), or recyclable resources, such as metals and precious metals, oxides, minerals, etc., can be obtained. 1. A system comprising one or more matrix modules wherein the matrix modules are each configured to function together to achieve processing , separation and recovery , reforming , recycling and manufacturing and producing products , energy and feedstocks the system comprising modules adapted for receiving storage and routing of raw materials; modules adapted for processing; modules adapted for separation and recovery; modules adapted for reforming; and modules adapted for recycling and manufacturing and producing products , energy and saleable feedstocks.2. A system according to claim 1 , comprising an oil refinery module and one or more recycling and/or manufacturing modules wherein the matrix system is adapted to produce volume refined oil at a cost less than a prior art refinery.3. The matrix system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more modules include: a power ...

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Номер записи: 53
18-02-2021 дата публикации

PRODUCTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN GAS AND CARBON PRODUCTS

Номер: US20210047180A1
Автор: Doherty Mark Daniel, Hart Richard Louis, Smith David J., Woodruff David W.
Принадлежит:

A production system includes a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber. The first reaction chamber is configured to receive a first hydrocarbon stream therein through an input port and to form carbon seeds and hydrogen gas therein via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the first hydrocarbon stream. The second reaction chamber includes a first input port and a second input port. The second reaction chamber is configured to receive the carbon seeds through the first input port and a second hydrocarbon stream through the second input port, and to form carbon product elements and additional hydrogen gas in the second reaction chamber via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the second hydrocarbon stream. The carbon product elements represent the carbon seeds with additional carbon structure grown on the carbon seeds. 1. A production system comprising:a first reaction chamber configured to receive a first hydrocarbon stream therein through an input port and to form carbon seeds and hydrogen gas therein via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the first hydrocarbon stream; anda second reaction chamber including a first input port and a second input port, the second reaction chamber configured to receive the carbon seeds through the first input port and a second hydrocarbon stream through the second input port, the second reaction chamber configured to form carbon product elements and additional hydrogen gas in the second reaction chamber via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the second hydrocarbon stream, wherein the carbon product elements represent the carbon seeds with additional carbon structure grown on the carbon seeds.2. The production system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second reaction chambers are heterogeneous catalytic reaction chambers.3. The production system of claim 1 , wherein process conditions within the second reaction chamber differ from corresponding process conditions within the first reaction chamber by more than a designated threshold range.4. The production system of ...

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Номер записи: 54
19-02-2015 дата публикации

ACTIVATED CARBON FOR ELECTRODE OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ACTIVATED CARBON FOR ELECTRODE OF POWER STORAGE DEVICE

Номер: US20150049415A1
Автор: Endo Yukiko, Miyaji Hiroshi, Onda Kimiyasu, Shiraishi Soshi, Tsukada Hidehiko
Принадлежит:

An activated carbon for an electrode of a power storage device of the present invention has uniform consecutive macropores, and a pore size distribution centered within a range of 1.5 to 25 μm, a specific surface area within a range of 1,500 to 2,300 m/g, a micropore volume within a range of 0.4 to 1.0 mL/g, and an average micropore width within a range of 0.7 to 1.2 nm. Provided is an activated carbon for an electrode of a power storage device suitable for an electric double layer capacitor that has high capacitance during charging and discharging at high current density and excellent endurance against charging at a high voltage of 3 V or more and a lithium-ion capacitor having excellent endurance against charging at a high voltage of 4 V or more. 1. An activated carbon for an electrode of a power storage device having uniform consecutive macropores and a pore size distribution centered within a range of 1.5 to 25 μm , a specific surface area within a range of 1 ,500 to 2 ,300 m/g , a micropore volume within a range of 0.4 to 1.0 mL/g , and an average micropore width within a range of 0.7 to 1.2 nm.2. A method for manufacturing an activated carbon for an electrode of a power storage device comprising:a step of adding and mixing a pore forming agent and a cross-linker in an aqueous solution prepared by mixing a phenolic resin and polyvinyl alcohol, adding and mixing a catalyst for curing this mixed solution in the mixed solution, adding and mixing water in the mixture to obtain a reaction solution, injecting the reaction solution into a block-shaped mold made of a synthetic resin, heating the reaction solution to cause a reaction for a predetermined time, taking the resulting reaction product from the mold, washing the reaction product with water to remove the pore forming agent and the unreacted substance, drying the reaction product, to obtain a block of porous phenolic resin in which uniform consecutive macropores with an average pore size within a range of 3 to ...

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Номер записи: 55
03-03-2022 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ELIMINATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS USING BIOMASS

Номер: US20220062843A1
Автор: Liang Yanna, Zhang Weilan
Принадлежит:

Methods for eliminating environmental contaminants using biomass are disclosed. The methods may include combining at least a portion of a biomass and a solvent within a reactor of a hydrothermal liquefaction system, where at least the portion of the biomass having absorbed and includes an environmental contaminant. The method may also include heating the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent under predetermined operational characteristics, and generating a plurality of byproducts free of the environmental contaminant. 1. A method comprising:combining at least a portion of a biomass and a solvent within a reactor of a hydrothermal liquefaction system, at least the portion of the biomass having absorbed and including an environmental contaminant;heating the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent under predetermined operational characteristics; andgenerating a plurality of byproducts free of the environmental contaminant.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding a catalyst to the solvent or the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent claim 1 , prior to the heating and pressurizing of the combination.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is water claim 2 , and the catalyst is calcium hydroxide.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: waste liquid;', 'a biocrude oil; and', 'a biochar material., 'separating the plurality of byproducts into5. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent under predetermined operational characteristics further includes:heating the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent to a predetermined temperature;heating the combination of at least the portion of the biomass and the solvent for a predetermined duration of time; andmaintaining a predetermined pressure within the reactor of the hydrothermal liquefaction system during the heating of the ...

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Номер записи: 56
03-03-2022 дата публикации

COPPER AND NITROGEN TREATED SORBENT AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

Номер: US20220062862A1
Автор: MAZZOCCOLI Jason P., TRAMPOSCH Walter G., WALKER Ryan W.
Принадлежит: CALGON CARBON CORPORATION

Carbonaceous material that is activated to form precursor activated carbon is further enhanced by doping with copper and nitrogen and calcining. The resultant sorbent material has excellent catalytic properties which are useful in the field of fluid purification.

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Номер записи: 57
03-03-2022 дата публикации

HYDROCRACKING CATALYST, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Номер: US20220062878A1
Автор: DU Yanze, FAN Hongfei, Sun Xiaoyan, Tang Zhaoji, Wang Jifeng, YU Zhengmin
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a hydrocracking catalyst, a preparation method and an application thereof. The catalyst comprises a carrier, silicon dioxide and active ingredients loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier comprises Y molecular sieves and SAPO-34 molecular sieves. The preparation method of the hydrocracking catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) mixing materials comprising Y molecular sieves and SAPO-34 molecular sieves, and then subjecting the mixture to molding, drying and calcinating to obtain a carrier; (2) introducing silane and the active ingredients into the carrier prepared in the step (), subsequently performing the drying and calcinating to prepare the hydrocracking catalyst. The catalyst prepared with the method can be used for hydrocracking reaction, thereby significantly increase yield of jet fuel.

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Номер записи: 58
03-03-2022 дата публикации

VESSEL SUPPORT SYSTEM

Номер: US20220063966A1
Автор: GENCER Mehmet A., SCHABEL Jay, Schwarz Richard A., STREKAL George W.
Принадлежит:

The support mechanisms of the present invention comprise a vessel supported by suspension cables suspended from trollies that can move along the length (longitudinal) of a framework. The support system is such that waste material, even upon heating, cooling, etc., can constantly and smoothly move through the entire system, with the vessel generally being in a natural, balanced orientation. 1. A support structure for selectively supporting a vessel , comprising:an overhead frame located above said vessel;a plurality of suspension cables; andone or more trolley devices attached to said overhead frame, said one or more trolley devices, independently, operatively, and movably securing said suspension cable to said overhead frame; at least some of said plurality of said suspension cables being operatively connected to said vessel at various longitudinal locations thereon; and said one or more trolley devices being capable of independently increasing or decreasing said tension on said individual cables.2. The support structure of claim 1 , wherein said one or more trolley devices comprise a cable tension adjustment device that increases or decreases said tension on said one or more cables.3. The support structure of claim 2 , wherein said cable tension adjustment device comprises an air bag having compressed air therein claim 2 , wherein increased pressure in said air bag increases the tension on a suspension cable to which it is connected and wherein decreased pressure in said air bag decreases tension on a suspension cable to which it is connected.4. The support structure of claim 3 , wherein said support structure additionally comprises one or more load cells claim 3 , each said load cell being capable of determining the load on an individual cable and wherein the load on each cable is substantially the same.5. The support structure of claim 4 , wherein said each one or more load cells is in communication with a control device that calculates the total load on said ...

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Номер записи: 59
03-03-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR HYDROCARBON PYROLYSIS WITH A SPATIALLY SEPARATE HEATING ZONE AND REACTION ZONE INSIDE THE REACTOR SPACE

Номер: US20220063996A1
Автор: ANTWEILER Nicolai
Принадлежит:

A process can be utilized to produce hydrogen and pyrolysis carbon from hydrocarbons where the hydrocarbons are converted into hydrogen and carbon in a reactor at temperatures of 1000° C. or more and the reactor has at least two electrodes that are at a distance from one another in a flow direction of the hydrocarbons. To avoid carbon deposits in a region between the electrodes, which can lead to failure of a heating system, the carbon particles may be introduced into the reactor in countercurrent to the hydrocarbons and may be heated in a heating zone between the electrodes to a temperature above a decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbons at such a mass flow that a reaction zone in which the hydrocarbons are converted into hydrogen and carbon is spatially separated in a flow direction of the carbon particles from the heating zone. 112-. (canceled)13. A process for producing hydrogen and pyrolysis carbon from hydrocarbons , the process comprising:converting hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon in a reactor at a temperature of 1000° C. or more, wherein the reactor includes at least two electrodes that are spaced apart from one another in a flow direction of the hydrocarbons, wherein the converting comprises introducing carbon particles or packings thereof into the reactor in countercurrent to the hydrocarbons and heating the carbon particles or packings thereof in a heating zone between the at least two electrodes to a temperature above a decomposition temperature of the hydrocarbons at such a speed that a reaction zone in which the hydrocarbons are converted is spaced apart in a flow direction of the carbon particles or packings thereof from the heating zone.14. The process of comprising heating the carbon particles or packings thereof to 1200° C. to 1800° C. between the at least two electrodes.15. The process of comprising introducing the carbon particles or packings thereof into the reactor at a speed of from 0.1 to 20 m/h.16. The process of wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 60
03-03-2022 дата публикации

HELICAL STIRRING SYSTEM FOR A PLASTIC CONVERSION VESSEL

Номер: US20220064533A1
Автор: GENCER Mehmet A., PETERSON Richard K., SCHABEL Jay, Schwarz Richard A., STREKAL George W.
Принадлежит:

A plastic pyrolytic conversion vessel comprises a conveying mechanism for moving a liquid, or a semi-molten, or a molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof through the vessel. During pyrolyzation of the waste material, the same is heated and vaporized and undergoes in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, and is subsequently removed from the vessel. A plurality of scraper blades serve to mix the liquid, or the semi-molten, or the molten waste material, or a solid inert residue, or any combination thereof and convey the waste material forward toward a vessel egress. In another embodiment, one or more sweeping devices serve to move forward the waste material that is located between adjacent rotating conveyor devices.

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Номер записи: 61
03-03-2022 дата публикации

Process for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste and reaction system therefor

Номер: US20220064539A1
Автор: John William Hemmings
Принадлежит: Resonante LLC

A process for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste and reaction system therefor is provided. The process includes frequentatively thermolyzing of high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as plastic waste to produce useful medium molecular weight hydrocarbons and low molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process utilizes low molecular weight hydrocarbons as solution reactants which helps in reducing the viscosity of the material for more effective heat transfer. The process also includes addition of one or more low molecular weight olefins and solution reactants to high molecular weight hydrocarbons to augment the free radical environment. The process also includes hydrogenating and oxidizing the high molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process enables production of the useful, predominantly hydrocarbon materials such as waxes, lube oil base-stocks, refinery feedstocks, intermediates or fuel additives. The present invention also provides a reaction system comprising thermolysis reactor including a primary zone and an optional secondary zone for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste.

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Номер записи: 62
03-03-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF USEFUL HYDROCARBON MATERIALS FROM PLASTIC WASTE AND REACTION SYSTEM THEREFOR

Номер: US20220064540A1
Автор: Hemmings John William
Принадлежит:

A process for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste and reaction system therefor is provided. The process includes frequentatively thermolyzing of high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as plastic waste to produce useful medium molecular weight hydrocarbons and low molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process utilizes low molecular weight hydrocarbons as solution reactants which helps in reducing the viscosity of the material for more effective heat transfer. The process also includes addition of one or more low molecular weight olefins and solution reactants to high molecular weight hydrocarbons to augment the free radical environment. The process also includes hydrogenating and oxidizing the high molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process enables production of the useful, predominantly hydrocarbon materials such as waxes, lube oil base-stocks, refinery feedstocks, intermediates or fuel additives. The present invention also provides a reaction system comprising thermolysis reactor including a primary zone and an optional secondary zone for production of useful hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste. 1. A reaction system , comprisingat least one surge hopper adapted to receive high molecular weight hydrocarbons, wherein the high molecular weight hydrocarbons being selected from a group consisting shredded waste plastic and un-shredded waste plastic; wherein the melter is adapted to mix the high molecular weight hydrocarbons and the lower molecular weight hydrocarbons, via mixing means, to obtain a uniform mixture representative of low viscosity dissolved polymer phase, and heat the uniform mixture to yield a molten state, and', 'wherein the melter comprises one or more openings to receive at least one of low molecular weight hydrocarbons as solution reactant and heavy wax, and one or more openings to release dissolved hydrocarbon gases including light naphtha range material, and a molten uniform mixture of the high molecular weight ...

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Номер записи: 63
03-03-2022 дата публикации

PLASTIC CONVERSION FEED SYSTEM

Номер: US20220065535A1
Автор: EVERIDGE Cassten, GENCER Mehmet A., PETERSON Richard K., SCHABEL Jay, Schwarz Richard A., STREKAL George W., STRONG Laura Christine
Принадлежит:

A plastic conversion feeding system serves to transport a feedstock through different processing units or stations to a vessel wherein chemical and/or physical reactions occur to produce suitable, useful end products. Various processing units include a homogenizer for breaking up said feedstock, a size reduction device for reducing the feedstock to particles and densifying the same, a heating and/or blending device for heating said feedstock, and a feed conduit connecting said heating and blending device to said vessel. The feedstock conversion unit vessel through various cracking, reforming, condensation, recombination, and recracking operations, produces a mixture of useful gases and condensable gases.

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Номер записи: 64
25-02-2021 дата публикации

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF CARBAMATES

Номер: US20210053031A1
Автор: Amrute Amol P., Perez-Ramirez Javier, Puertolas Lacambra Begona, Rico José Luis Núñez, Vidal-Ferran Anton, Wershofen Stefan
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a catalyst for preparing carbamates, in particular aromatic carbamates, comprising a binary oxide having the formula LMO, wherein L is a metal selected from the lanthanoid series and M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, metals from the lanthanoid series and metals from the actinoid series, and wherein x ranges from 0.01 to 0.05. The present invention also relates to a method for producing said catalysts and a method of utilizing said catalysts in the production of carbamates, in particular aromatic carbamates. 1. A catalyst for preparing carbamates comprising a binary oxide having the formula LMO , wherein L is a metal selected from the lanthanoid series and M is a metal selected from the group consisting of scandium , yttrium , titanium , zirconium , hafnium , a metal from the lanthanoid series and a metal from the actinoid series , and wherein x ranges from 0.01 to 0.05.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein L is cerium.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of yttrium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , lanthanum claim 1 , praseodymium claim 1 , samarium claim 1 , europium and terbium.4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein M is zirconium.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein x ranges from 0.01 to 0.045.6. A method for preparing the catalyst of claim 1 , comprising:I. precipitating a catalyst precursor by combining an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal L and an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal M in the presence of an oxidizing agent;II. separating off the catalyst precursor precipitated in step I; andIII. calcining the catalyst precursor separated off in step II to yield the catalyst.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the oxidixing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide claim 6 , nitric acid claim 6 , perchloric acid claim 6 , peroxydisulphuric acid claim 6 , peroxymonosulphuric acid claim 6 , chlorite claim 6 , ...

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Номер записи: 65
25-02-2021 дата публикации

Catalyst for producing unsaturated carboxylic acid

Номер: US20210053039A1
Автор: Bungo NISHIZAWA, Hideomi Sakai, Seiichiro FUKUNAGA, Tomohiro Obata, Tomoyuki Ejiri, Toru Kawaguchi, Yasuhiro Aratani
Принадлежит: Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd

Provided is a catalyst for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, in which a ratio of a diffraction line intensity of 2θ=19.1±0.3° with respect to a diffraction line intensity of 2θ=10.7±0.3° in X-ray diffraction measurement is 0.20 or more and less than 0.58, and the catalyst having an active component represented by formula (A) shown below: Mo 10 V a P b Cu c As d X e O g   (A)

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Номер записи: 66
25-02-2021 дата публикации

Preparation of a cobalt-containing catalyst

Номер: US20210053045A1
Автор: Erwin Roderick Stobbe, Jurjen Meeuwissen
Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

The present invention is directed to the preparation of a cobalt containing catalyst, a precipitate as an intermediate product, a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and a process for producing normally gaseous, normally liquid and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas. The precipitate and catalyst comprise crystalline Co(OH)(CO3)0.5, the crystals are needle shaped and have a surface area of at least 80 m2/g dry precipitate.

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Номер записи: 67
25-02-2021 дата публикации

CO-CURRENT CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD OF CONIO2 THERMISTOR POWDERS

Номер: US20210053840A1
Автор: Chen Long, Chen Yifan, FAN Changchun, FU Haihai, Li Haoquan, SUN Kaiwen, Zhao Yan
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to a co-current co-precipitation method of CoNiOthermistor powders. The method comprises the steps of mixing, stirring, precipitating, aging, suction filtration, washing and drying firstly using nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate as raw materials to obtain cobalt hydroxide, and then calcining in a tubular furnace at an inert atmosphere to prepare CoNiOnano powders. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, short cycle, high yield and no environmental pollution, and further oxidization of the CoNiOnano material into NiCoOthermistor powders can be effectively avoided through selection and adjustment of calcination process parameters and inert atmosphere. A high-precision, fast-response and small-volume temperature sensor material can be prepared from CoNiOthermistor powders obtained by the method of the disclosure. 1{'sub': 3', '2', '3', '2, 'a, mixing raw materials Co(NO)and Ni(NO)in a mole ratio of 1:1, and dissolving the obtained mixture into deionized water, so as to prepare 0.5-3 mol/L mixed solution A;'}{'sub': 3', '2', '3', '2, 'b, weighing Co(NO)and Ni(NO)in a mole ratio of 1: (1.2-2.0), then weighing sodium hydroxide, oxalic acid, sodium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium hydroxide, and adding deionized water, so as to prepare 0.5-3 mol/L solution B;'}{'b': 400', '600, 'c, weighing polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol , polyethylene glycol , cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide or triton X-100 to be dissolved into deionized water, so as to prepare dispersant solution C having a mass fraction of 0.5-10%;'}d, respectively putting the solution A and solution B prepared in step a and step b in a dropping funnel, simultaneously dropwise adding the solution A and the solution B into the solution C in step c at the speed of 0.5-2 drop/s, and magnetically stirring for 1-4 to form a precipitate;e, standing and aging the precipitate formed in step d for 24-72 h, subsequently carrying suction filtration, and washing to ...

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Номер записи: 68
26-02-2015 дата публикации

POWDER DISTRIBUTION IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

Номер: US20150054191A1
Автор: Ljungblad Ulric
Принадлежит: ARCAM AB

An additive manufacturing method for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of at least one layer of a powder bed provided on a work table. Providing at least one rotatable powder container above said work table, said powder container comprising at least one exit for providing powder to a powder table arranged beside said work table, at least one opening inside said container is spatially separated from and connected to said at least one exit. Ejecting a fixed amount of powder from said powder container during at least one predetermined segment of rotational angles of said powder container, from the exit of said powder container onto said powder table, wherein said fixed amount is determined by the shape and size of the at least one opening inside said container. Distributing said powder onto said work table with a powder distributor. 115-. (canceled)16. An additive manufacturing method for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of at least one layer of a powder bed provided on a work table , which parts corresponds to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article , said method comprising the steps of:providing at least one rotatable powder container above a powder table, said powder container comprising at least one exit for providing powder to the powder table arranged beside said work table, at least one opening inside said container is spatially separated from and connected to said at least one exit;rotating said powder container;ejecting a fixed amount of powder from said powder container during at least one predetermined segment of rotational angles of said powder container, as long as more than a predetermined amount of powder is remaining in the container, from the exit of said powder container onto said powder table, wherein said fixed amount is determined based upon the shape and size of the at least one opening inside said container; anddistributing at least a part of said fixed ...

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Номер записи: 69
13-02-2020 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Pyrolysis

Номер: US20200048163A1
Автор: Barrai Federico, Hershkowitz Frank, Lattner James R., Mahoney Elizabeth G.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to equipment and materials useful for hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to processes for carrying out hydrocarbon pyrolysis, and to the use of hydrocarbon pyrolysis for, e.g., hydrocarbon upgrading. 124-. (canceled)25. A reactor for pyrolysing a hydrocarbon feed under predetermined pyrolysis conditions , the reactor comprising{'sub': 'R', '(a) an elongated tubular vessel having (i) an internal volume which includes first and second regions and (ii) opposed first and second openings in fluidic communication with the internal volume, the first and second openings being separated by a reactor length (L), and'}{'sub': s', 'p, 'sup': '3', 'claim-text': [ (A) a first aperture, the first aperture being proximate to the first opening and in fluidic communication with the first opening,', '(B) at least one internal channel in fluidic communication with the first aperture, and', {'sub': 1', '1', 'R, '(C) a second aperture, the second aperture being in fluidic communication with the first aperture via a flowpath Lthrough the channel, Lbeing ≥0.1*L; and'}], '(i) the first channeled thermal mass includes, [{'br': None, 'i': t', '*C', '*R*T', '*ΔT', '*X*ΔH*P, 'sub': R', 's', 'p', 'av', 'av', 'P, 'sup': '−1', '([OFA-1]/OFA)=(*ρ)*(t), wherein,'}, "(A) R is the feed's Gas Constant and", {'sub': R', 'av', 'p', 'p', 'av', 'P', 'av, '(B) the predetermined pyrolysis conditions include a residence time in the channel (t)≤1 sec., a feed conversion (X)≥50%, an average total pressure in the channel (P)≥1 bar, an average bulk gas temperature in the channel (T)≤1500° C. at the start of the pyrolysis, a peak gas temperature (T) located in the channel, T>T, a pyrolysis step time tin the range of from 0.001 sec. to 50 sec., and a change in average bulk gas temperature during the pyrolysis (ΔT)≤100° C.'}], '(ii) the OFA is determined from the formula], '(b) a channeled thermal mass located in the first region, wherein the first channeled thermal mass has a ...

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Номер записи: 70
15-05-2014 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING ORGANIC MATERIALS INTO OIL, FUEL AND UNCONDENSED VAPORS UTILIZING A PYROLYSIS CHAMBER

Номер: US20140130404A1
Автор: Brokaw Robert
Принадлежит:

A system and method for converting feedstock material into crude oil, lighter fuels such as diesel fuel, and uncondensed vapors such as natural gas. The material to be converted is properly sized and heated prior to be provided to a reactor. The heated feedstock is metered into the reactor where it is vaporized at a uniform temperature in an oxygen free environment. The reactor breaks down the carbon chains of the feedstock into strands of molecules containing less than 24 atoms per molecule. Any vaporized gas exits the reactor and enters a two-stage fractional distillation column which recovers the converted fuel. 1. A system for converting , on a continuous basis , materials into oil , fuel and uncondensed vapors , said system comprising:a generally continuous source of prepared feedstock material;a pyrolysis chamber, coupled to said generally continuous source of prepared feedstock material, said pyrolysis chamber disposed at a predetermined angle and including a top region and a bottom region, and including a twin screw, self-cleaning agitator, said pyrolysis chamber coupled to said generally continuous source of prepared feedstock material and configured for providing a generally oxygen free chamber for receiving said generally continuous source of prepared feedstock material proximate said top region and for heating and vaporizing said prepared feedstock material, said vaporized feedstock material including carbon molecule strands, said pyrolysis chamber further configured for breaking and cracking said carbon molecule strands into carbon molecule strands of fewer than 24 atoms per molecule;a quencher, coupled to said pyrolysis chamber, for receiving said vaporized feedstock material and for condensing said vaporized feedstock material into condensed liquid and uncondensed gas; andone or more distillation columns, coupled to said quencher, and configured for separating said uncondensed gas from said condensed liquid, and for compressing and storing said ...

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Номер записи: 71
10-03-2022 дата публикации

INJECTION DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING A GAS, PROCESS GAS SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING A PROCESS GAS, AND DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE THERMAL OR THERMO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF MATERIAL

Номер: US20220072496A1
Автор: Esfehanian Arian, Hipp Daniel
Принадлежит:

Injection device () for discharging a gas (), in particular a process gas (), onto a material (), in particular onto a battery cathode material () that is to be calcined, having at least one inlet () through which the gas () can be supplied to the injection device (), and at least one outlet () through which the gas () can be discharged from the injection device (), the inlet and outlet being connected to one another by a flow path () for the gas (). According to the invention, the flow path () has a heat exchanger () with a heat exchanger housing () which is accessible from the outside for an ambient atmosphere () and in which a duct arrangement () is integrated. The duct arrangement () comprises a first flow duct () and a second flow duct () between which there is formed a redirection region () such that the gas () can flow through the first and second flow duct () in different main flow directions. The invention further relates to a process gas system () for supplying a gas () and to a device () and a method for the thermal or thermo-chemical treatment of material. 1. An injection device for supplying a gas to a material to be calcined , the injection device comprising ,a) at least one inlet through which the gas can be fed to the injection device and at least one outlet through which the gas can be supplied from the injection device, which are connected to one another by a flow path for the gas;whereinb) the flow path has a heat exchanger having a heat exchanger housing which is accessible to an ambient atmosphere from the outside and in which a channel arrangement is accommodated; andc) the channel arrangement comprises a first flow channel and a second flow channel between which a diversion region is formed in such a way that the gas can flow with different main flow directions through the first and second flow channels.2. The injection device of claim 1 , wherein the channel arrangement has a third flow channel claim 1 , with a second diversion region being ...

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Номер записи: 72
10-03-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING RUTHENIUM OXIDE-SUPPORTED CATALYST FOR PREPARING CHLORINE AND CATALYST MANUFACTURED THEREBY

Номер: US20220072513A1
Автор: Cho Young Jin, CHUN Jeong Hwan, KIM Wong Yong, LEE Ga Ram, WOO Eun Ji
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ruthenium oxide-supported catalyst for preparing chlorine, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a catalyst and a catalyst manufactured thereby, wherein the catalyst includes a ruthenium ingredient of which a support level on an outer surface of a support is significantly improved, and the use of the catalyst in preparing chlorine can provide a high conversion rate of chlorine even at a low reaction temperature. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing a ruthenium oxide-supported catalyst for preparing chlorine may include the steps of: (a) dissolving a ruthenium compound in an organic solvent to prepare a solution and supporting the same on at least one support selected from titania and alumina; (b) performing drying thereon after the supporting; and (c) performing calcining thereon after the drying. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in particular, it is possible to provide a simplified process by manufacturing a catalyst including ruthenium oxide only at each outer surface layer of a titania support without alkali pretreatment, thereby exhibiting an advantageous effect in terms of scale-up. 1. A method for manufacturing a ruthenium oxide-supported catalyst for preparing chlorine , the method comprising the steps of:(a) dissolving a ruthenium compound in an organic solvent to prepare a solution and supporting the same on at least one support selected from titania and alumina;(b) performing drying thereon after the supporting; and(c) performing calcining thereon after the drying.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent in the step (a) is monoalcohol.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the monoalcohol is a primary alcohol of C3 or higher.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the titanium support in the step (a) has a specific surface area of 5-300 m/g.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying in the step (b) is ...

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Номер записи: 73
10-03-2022 дата публикации

Hydrotreating Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Oil, Method for Producing the Same, and Method for Hydrotreating Hydrocarbon Oil

Номер: US20220072517A1
Автор: Hisaya Ishihara, Kobayashi Midori, Matsumoto Yosuke
Принадлежит:

To provide a catalyst capable of hydrotreating a hydrocarbon oil with high desulfurization activity. 1. A hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil , comprising:an inorganic composite oxide carrier comprising alumina as a main component, and an active metal component supported on the carrier,the active metal component comprising, as active metal species, a first metal which is at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, and a second metal which is at least one of cobalt and nickel,{'sup': 2', '2, 'the hydrotreating catalyst having a Lewis acid amount and a Brönsted acid amount per unit surface area of 0.80 μmol/mor more and 0.03 μmol/mor less, respectively, as measured by pyridine desorption at 250° C. and a BET single-point method.'}2. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the first metal is 15 to 22 mass % in terms of oxide claim 1 , and a content of the second metal is 2 to 7 mass % in terms of oxide.3. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , containing less than 2.0 mass % of carbon.4. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , having a specific surface area of 200 to 350 m/g.5. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , having an average pore diameter of 50 to 100 Å as measured by a mercury intrusion method.6. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , having a mass reduced when heat-treated at 570° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere of 5.0 mass % or less.7. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , having an amount of nitrogen monoxide adsorbed after sulfurization treatment of 8.5 ml/g or more.8. The hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic composite oxide carrier contains silicon and phosphorus in amounts of 0.5 to 8.0 mass % and 1.0 to 5.0 mass % claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , in terms of oxide claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 74
10-03-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A HYDRO-TREATING CATALYST COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING ULTRA-LOW SULFUR DIESEL

Номер: US20220072526A1
Автор: KANTHASAMY Ramasubramanian, Kapur Gurpreet Singh, KARTHIKEYAN Mani, PULIKOTTIL Alex Cheru, RAMAKUMAR Sankara Sri Venkata, Sau Madhusudan, XAVIER Kochappilly Ouseph
Принадлежит: INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

A process for preparation of catalyst to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) from high refractory sulfur feedstock. The catalyst composition comprises a modified alumina carrier, impregnated by metal of group VIB is in the range of 15-25% and metal of group VIIIB is in the range of 1-5% as oxides. The catalyst prepared in the present invention produces highly dispersed MoS2 active sites on the modified carrier. The catalyst produces ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) along with improved cetane, density reduction and endpoint reduction. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein alumina powder is selected from the group boehmite alumina claim 1 , pseudo-boehmite alumina claim 1 , gamma alumina claim 1 , alpha alumina claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein extrudates of step b are dried at 100-130° C. for 8-16 hours and calcinated in air at 450-600° C. for 1-5 hrs.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inorganic acid used for peptizing is selected from a group consisting of nitric acid claim 1 , hydrochloric acid claim 1 , formic acid claim 1 , sulfuric acid claim 1 , or a mixture thereof in a concentration range of 0.5-3 wt % of alumina powder.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein organic additive of step (c) is selected from a group of glycol claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , and sorbitol claim 1 , in a range of 1 to 20% wt of the total weight of the carrier claim 1 , preferably 5 to 10% wt.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein metal of group VIB is in the range of 15-25% whereas the metal from group VIIIB is in the range of 1-5% as oxides of the total weight of the catalyst composition.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the Group VIIIB metal is selected from Ni or Co and wherein the Group VIB metal is selected from Mo or W.8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein organic additive of step (e) is selected from amine group containing compounds such as ethylamine claim 1 , ethanolamine ...

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Номер записи: 75
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Chain drag system for treatment of carbaneous waste feedstock and method for the use thereof

Номер: US20180056262A1
Автор: Brian Rayles, Landon C.G. Miller, Scott Behrens
Принадлежит: Aemerge LLC, Amerge LLC

A drag chain carbonizer is provided with a system and methods for anaerobic thermal conversion processing to convert waste into various solid carbonized products and varied further co-products. The drag-chain carbonizer includes an adjustable bed depth mechanism, a heating mechanism, a pressure management mechanism, an atmospheric management mechanism, and a chain tensioning mechanism containing at least one position sensor for communication of an actuator position to at least one programmable logic controller (PLC). Carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that can be re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points. Depending upon the input materials and the parameters selected to process the waste, including real time economic and other market parameters, the system adjusts co-products output to reflect changing market conditions.

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Номер записи: 76
15-05-2014 дата публикации

Cu/Zn/Al CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME

Номер: US20140135210A1
Автор: Adeline BUDIMAN, Dong Jin Suh, Gi Seok YANG, Jae Wook Choi, Jeong-Myeong Ha, Sung Min Kim, Young Hyun Yoon
Принадлежит: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST

The present disclosure relates to a Cu/Zn/Al catalyst and a method for preparing same. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a Cu/Zn/Al catalyst including copper particles having high surface area and thus having excellent activity, which is prepared by: preparing a metal precursor solution by dissolving a copper precursor, a zinc precursor and an aluminum precursor in an organic solvent; mixing an aqueous basic solution with the metal precursor solution and precipitating metal particles; and preparing a Cu/Zn/Al catalyst by collecting and sintering the precipitated metal particles, and a method for preparing same.

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Номер записи: 77
04-03-2021 дата публикации

INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF NANOPOWDERS

Номер: US20210060507A1
Автор: Boltyshov Pavel, Semenenko Dmitrii, Shabratov Denis
Принадлежит: Mikromasch Eesti OÜ

An installation and method for production of nanopowders by spray pyrolysis by capture, grind, and temperature exposure of nanoparticles, wherein efficiency of particle retention in the cyclone in the suspended state is achieved. 1. An apparatus for the production of nanopowders by spray pyrolysis , comprising:a modular system having at least three reaction modules;a propane burner installed at an entrance to a first one of the at least three reaction modules of the modular system; anda spray system disposed at an entrance to a second one of the at least three reaction modules of the modular system, the spray system configured to insert an aerosol of the aqueous solution of the precursor.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a reaction module is a cylindrical reactor.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the modular system comprises at least a heat generator section claim 1 , a reactor section and a product formation chamber.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the spray system comprises a mist-type two-phase nozzle with a spray cone angle of 30 degrees a pump for pumping the liquid precursor and a propellent supply system.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the nozzle is disposed at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to a reaction module of the modular system.6. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein a length of a pipe of the nozzle is 1.5-2 times a diameter of the reaction section.7. A method for thermal processing and grinding of nanopowders comprising:spraying a solution in a zone of a reactor of a cyclone;carrying out evaporation of the solution, particle formation, precursor and decomposition or chemical reaction of the particle precursor and the crystallization of nanopowders.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the spraying is carried out at temperature range of 400-900° C.9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the solution is provided at the speed of between 16-30 m/s.10. The method according ...

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Номер записи: 78
03-03-2016 дата публикации

Method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using wet process

Номер: US20160060728A1
Автор: Desheng Chen, Hongxin ZHAO, Jingkui QU, Lina Wang, Tao Qi, Tianyan XUE, Yahui Liu
Принадлежит: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS

A method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using a wet process. The method comprises the steps: extracting vanadium from vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores and processing, by using the vanadium extraction method, obtained leaching residue by using a wet process, so as to obtain titanium; and calcining the remaining liquid extracted during the vanadium extraction, so as to prepare ferric oxide. The flow of the method is short, and the energy consumption is low, thereby avoiding waste of a titanium resource.

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Номер записи: 79
01-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SOLID CARBON MATERIALS

Номер: US20180057752A1
Автор: HU Xun, Li Chun-Zhu
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a method of producing a solid carbon material. The method comprises providing a carbon-containing material formed through the heat treatment of carbonaceous feedstock. The carbon-containing material is capable of undergoing polymerisation. The method further comprises mixing the carbon-containing material with a polymerisation agent to form a material mixture. In addition, the method comprises heating the material mixture to a temperature at which polymerisation of the material mixture occurs so as to produce the solid carbon material. The method also comprises adding a further material into the material mixture before polymerisation. 141-. (canceled)42. A method of producing a solid carbon material , the method comprising:mixing a polymerisation agent with a liquid or paste of a carbon-containing material that has been produced from the heat treatment of a carbonaceous feedstock and that is capable of undergoing polymerisation to form a material mixture; andheating the material mixture to a temperature at which polymerisation of the material mixture occurs so as to produce the solid carbon material.43. The method of claim 42 , wherein the carbon-containing material is formed through pyrolysis or hydrothermal treatment or liquefaction or other thermal treatment of the carbonaceous feedstock.44. The method of claim 43 , wherein the carbonaceous feedstock comprises biomass.45. The method of claim 42 , further comprising the step of mixing the carbon-containing material with a further material that has pores claim 42 , wherein at least some polymerisation of the material mixture takes place within the pores of the further material .46. The method of claim 45 , wherein the further material comprises an organic or inorganic additive to produce a solid carbon material composite.47. The method of claim 43 , further comprising the step of heating the produced solid carbon material to a temperature at which the solid carbon material is ...

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Номер записи: 80
04-03-2021 дата публикации

NATURAL GAS CONVERSION TO CHEMICALS AND POWER WITH MOLTEN SALTS

Номер: US20210061654A1
Автор: Gordon Michael, Kang Dohyung, Mannini Davide, McFarland Eric W., Metiu Horia, Palmer Clarke, Rahimi Nazanin, Su Shizhao, Upham Ches
Принадлежит: The Regents of the University of California

A reaction process comprises feeding a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon into a vessel, reacting the feed stream in the vessel, producing solid carbon and a gas phase product based on the contacting of the feed stream with the molten salt mixture, separating the gas phase product from the molten salt mixture, and separating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture to produce a solid carbon product. The vessel comprises a molten salt mixture, and the molten salt mixture comprises a reactive component. 1. A reaction process comprising:feeding a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon into a vessel, wherein the vessel comprises a molten salt mixture and a reactive component;reacting the feed stream in the vessel;producing reaction products comprising solid carbon and a gas phase product based on the reacting of the feed stream;contacting the reaction products with the molten salt mixture;separating the gas phase product from the molten salt mixture; andseparating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture to produce a solid carbon product.2. The reaction process of claim 1 , wherein the solid carbon is solvated claim 1 , carried claim 1 , or entrained in the molten salt mixture.3. The reaction process of claim 1 , further comprising:exchanging heat with the feed stream and molten salt mixture within the vessel using the molten salt mixture as a thermal fluid.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream is bubbled through the molten salt mixture claim 1 , and wherein the method further comprises:passing the solid carbon and the molten salt mixture out of the vessel based on bubbling the feed stream through the molten salt mixture; andwherein separating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture occurs after the solid carbon and the molten salt mixture passes out of the vessel.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein separating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture comprises at least one of:passing the solid carbon and the molten salt mixture over a ...

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Номер записи: 81
04-03-2021 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS REFLUX REACTOR UNDER PRESSURE AND CONTROLLED CONDENSER SYSTEM FOR THERMOCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF PLASTIC AND/OR ELASTOMERIC WASTE

Номер: US20210062093A1
Автор: Geronimi Lucas Salim
Принадлежит:

A continuous reflux reactor and controlled condenser system for thermochemical treatment of plastic and/or elastomeric waste has five zones with different complements. The zones comprises the bottom zone, pyrolysis zone, meeting zone, reflux zone and extraction zone. The reactor uses a reflux zone to increase the production of a light oil in the process. The reflux zone is equipped with some studded tubes that enhances the contact area. Cold molten salt is used as the cooling element of this step. The pyrolysis zone, where the material will be pyrolyzed, has the differential of being equipped with molten salt coils using hot molten salt as the heating element. After the material passes to all zones, the material goes to a cyclone that will condense heavier hydrocarbons present in this step and send the light hydrocarbons to the condensers. 1. A system for thermochemical treatment of plastic waste , comprising:a continuous reflux reactor configured to receive and pyrolyze melt polymer to form gasified hydrocarbons;a cyclone in fluid communication with the continuous reflux reactor and configured to refine the gasified hydrocarbons; anda condenser system in fluid communication with the cyclone and configured to perform a controlled condensation of the gasified hydrocarbons to produce separate oils.2. The system for thermochemical treatment of plastic waste of claim 1 , wherein the continuous reflux reactor has a bottom zone claim 1 , a pyrolysis zone claim 1 , a meeting zone claim 1 , a reflux zone claim 1 , and an extraction zone claim 1 , disposed in series a long a length of the reactor.3. The system for thermochemical treatment of plastic waste of claim 2 , wherein each of the bottom zone claim 2 , the pyrolysis zone claim 2 , the meeting zone claim 2 , the reflux zone claim 2 , the extraction zone has at least one temperature sensor disposed therein.4. The system for thermochemical treatment of plastic waste of claim 2 , wherein the bottom zone has a feed pipe ...

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Номер записи: 82
20-02-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A RENEWABLE LIQUID FUEL

Номер: US20200056098A1
Автор: Seidner Marc A.
Принадлежит:

A system and method for torrefying a combination of biomass and biochar colloidal dispersion is provided. 1. A method of making a green biofuel based on renewable biomass feedstock , comprising:receiving biomass feedstock;combining the biomass feedstock with a biocarbon colloidal dispersion into a blend; andpumping the blend through a length of first pipe having a first diameter surrounded by second pipe having a second diameter larger than the first diameter, the second pipe being supplied with a continuous flow of heat exchange fluid, the length of the first pipe having an input end for receiving the blend, and an output end for outputting a second blend of torrefied biomass and biocarbon colloidal dispersion generated within the length of the first pipe.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange fluid is molten salt.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising particulating the second blend to have a particle distribution in the range of 10 micron to 100 nanometers.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the particle distribution has an average particle size of 200 nanometers to 400 nanometers.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the torrefied biomass is friable.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass feedstock includes waste from a process that produces a combustible liquid from raw biomass.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the second blend produces a low moisture biocarbon claim 1 , a condensable gas and a liquid component.8. A system for carbonizing a biomass claim 1 , comprising:a pump adapted to receive a blended feedstock of noncarbonized biomass and bio fuel, the bio fuel lubricating the bio mass;a reactor configured to continuously receive the blended feedstock and to carbonize the uncarbonized biomass of the blended feedstock, the bio fuel of the blended feedstock also providing for enhanced transfer of heat to the uncarbonized biomass.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein heat is provided to the reactor using a recycling molten salt ...

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Номер записи: 83
03-03-2016 дата публикации

CARBON-SILICON COMPOSITE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20160064731A1
Автор: HA Jeong-Hyun, JEONG Eun-Hye, JUNG Sung-Ho, KIM Yo-Seop
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are a manufacturing method of a carbon-silicon composite, the manufacturing method including: (a) preparing a silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry including a silicon slurry, carbon particles, a monomer of polymer, and a cross-linking agent; (b) performing a heat treatment process on the silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix; (c) pulverizing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure; and (d) mixing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure with a first carbon raw material and performing a carbonization process to manufacture a carbon-silicon composite, the carbon-silicon composite, an anode for a secondary battery manufactured by applying the carbon-silicon composite, and a secondary battery including the anode for a secondary battery. 1. A manufacturing method of a carbon-silicon composite , the manufacturing method comprising:(a) preparing a silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry including a silicon slurry, carbon particles, a monomer of polymer, and a cross-linking agent;(b) performing a heat treatment process on the silicon-carbon-polymer matrix slurry to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix;(c) pulverizing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix to manufacture a silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure; and(d) mixing the silicon-carbon-polymer carbonized matrix structure with a first carbon raw material and performing a carbonization process to manufacture a carbon-silicon composite.2. The manufacturing method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon particles in (a) includes at least one selected from the group consisting of natural graphite claim 1 , artificial graphite claim 1 , soft carbon claim 1 , hard carbon claim 1 , pitch carbide claim 1 , calcined coke claim 1 , graphene claim 1 , carbon nanotube claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The manufacturing method of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 84
17-03-2022 дата публикации

HYDROGEN CHLORIDE OXIDATION REACTION CATALYST FOR PREPARING CHLORINE, AND PREPARATION METHOD TEREFOR

Номер: US20220080395A1
Автор: Cho Young Jin, CHUN Jeong Hwan, KIM Won Yong, LEE Ga Ram, WOO Eun Ji
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a catalyst for obtaining chlorine (Cl) through an oxidation reaction of hydrogen chloride (HCl), and more particularly, to an oxidation reaction catalyst for preparing Clfrom HCl by addition of a second heterogeneous material to a RuO-supported catalyst using TiOas a support, and a preparation method therefor. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst for use in a method for preparing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride includes a support and a heterogeneous material in an active ingredient. The catalyst according to the present invention has both increased catalytic activity at a low temperature and enhanced thermal stability, and thus a catalyst having improved durability such as thermal stability at a high temperature is provided. Therefore, since thermal stability is secured, the performance of the catalyst is maintained for a long time even at a high temperature. 1. A hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst for use in a method for preparing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride , wherein the catalyst includes 0.5-10 parts by weight of a heterogeneous material , 1-10 parts by weight of ruthenium oxide as an active ingredient , and 80-99 parts by weight of a support , based on 100 parts by weight of the total catalyst after drying.2. The hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the heterogeneous material includes at least one selected from ceria claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , and silica.3. The hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the support includes at least one selected from alumina claim 1 , titania claim 1 , and zirconia.4. The hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the support has a specific surface area of 5-300 m/g.5. The hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is at least one selected from a powder form claim 1 , a particle form claim ...

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Номер записи: 85
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Process for the preparation of metal-carbon containing bodies

Номер: US20150069285A1
Автор: Geus John Wilhelm, Hoekstra Jacobus, Jenneskens Leonardus Wijnand, van de Kleut Dirk, Vlietstra Edward Jan
Принадлежит: BASF CORPORATION

The invention is directed to the production of metal-carbon containing bodies, which process comprises impregnating cellulose, cellulose-like or carbohydrate bodies with an aqueous solution of at least one metal compound, followed by heating the impregnated bodies in an inert and substantially oxygen-free atmosphere, thereby reducing at least part of the at least one metal compound to the corresponding metal or metal alloy. 1. Process for the production of metal-carbon containing bodies comprising ferromagnetic metal particles encapsulated by graphitic carbon layers , which process comprises impregnating cellulose , cellulose-like or carbohydrate bodies with an aqueous solution of at least one metal compound , followed by heating the impregnated bodies in an inert and oxygen-free atmosphere , thereby reducing at least part of the at least one metal compound to the corresponding metal or metal alloy.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal(s) is(are) selected from ferromagnetic metals or alloys.3. Process according to claim 2 , in which the process results in encapsulation of particles of the ferromagnetic metal by graphitic carbon layers.4. Process according to claim 3 , wherein the ferromagnetic particle is nickel or a nickel alloy.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the said bodies are graphitic particles having catalytically active metal particles on the surface thereof claim 1 , in particular cobalt claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , iron and combinations of two or more thereof.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said bodies are produced from materials selected from soy claim 1 , carbohydrates claim 1 , such as sugar claim 1 , cellulosic materials claim 1 , microcrystalline cellulose claim 1 , or mixtures of two or more thereof.7. Process according to claim 6 , wherein the said material is soy flour claim 6 , or a mixture of soy flour and sugar.8. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said impregnated bodies claim 1 , prior to heating and ...

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Номер записи: 86
27-02-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT ENDOTHERMIC GAS PHASE-SOLID OR GAS-SOLID REACTIONS

Номер: US20200061565A1
Автор: BERNNAT Jens, GLENK Friedrich, KERN Matthias, KOENIG Rene, Kolios Grigorios, WECHSUNG Achim, ZOELS Bernd
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a process for conducting endothermic gas phase or gas-solid reactions, wherein the endothermic reaction is conducted in a production phase in a first reactor zone, the production zone, which is at least partly filled with solid particles, where the solid particles are in the form of a fixed bed, of a moving bed and in sections/or in the form of a fluidized bed, and the product-containing gas stream is drawn off from the production zone in the region of the highest temperature level plus/minus 200 K and the product-containing gas stream is guided through a second reactor zone, the heat recycling zone, which at least partly comprises a fixed bed, where the heat from the product-containing gas stream is stored in the fixed bed, and, in the subsequent purge step, a purge gas is guided through the production zone and the heat recycling zone in the same flow direction, and, in a heating zone disposed between the production zone and the heat recycling zone, the heat required for the endothermic reaction is introduced into the product-containing gas stream and into the purge stream or into the purge stream, and then, in a regeneration phase, a gas is passed through the two reactor zones in the reverse flow direction and the production zone is heated up; the present invention further relates to a structured reactor comprising three zones, a production zone containing solid particles, a heating zone and a heat recycling zone containing a fixed bed, wherein the solid particles and the fixed bed consist of different materials. 1: A process for conducting endothermic gas phase or gas-solid reactions , the process comprising:conducting an endothermic reaction in a production step in a first reactor zone, a production zone, which is at least partly filled with solid particles, where the solid particles are in the form of a fixed bed, of a moving bed and in sections or in the form of a fluidized bed, anddrawing off a product-containing gas stream ...

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Номер записи: 87
12-03-2015 дата публикации

Method for preparing carbon nanotube fiber reinforced wtih carbon precursor

Номер: US20150069666A1
Автор: Byung Kuk KIM, Dong Hwan Cho, Jun Young Song, Young Jin Jeong
Принадлежит: FOUNDATION OF SOONGSIL UNIVERSITY INDUSTRY COOPERATION

The present invention relates to carbon nanotube fibers reinforced with a carbon precursor and a method for manufacturing the same. The carbon nanotube fibers reinforced with a carbon precursor according to the present invention are carbonized by the empty space inside the carbon nanotube fibers being filled with a carbon precursor, and therefore, are highly effective in that the mechanical and thermal properties are improved due to effective stress transfer and contact resistance decrease, and these properties are maintained intact even at high temperatures.

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Номер записи: 88
08-03-2018 дата публикации

CARBON-BASED MAGNESIUM-CONTAINING COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND SYNTHETIC METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20180065107A1
Автор: LIN Weiguo, RONG Junfeng, SHI Chunfeng, XIE Jingxin, Yu Peng, ZONG Mingsheng
Принадлежит:

A carbonaceous material, based on the total weight of the carbonaceous material, contains 1-99 wt % of a carbon element, 0.2-60 wt % of a magnesium element, 0.5-60 wt % of an oxygen element and 0.1-40 wt % of a chlorine element. The process for preparing the carbonaceous materia1 include (1) Mixing a solid carbon source, a precursor and water to produce a mixture; wherein said precursor contains a magnesium source and a chlorine source; (2) Drying the resulting mixture obtained in Step (1) to produce a dried mixture; and (3) Calcining the dried mixture obtained in Step (2). The carbonaceous material can be used in catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons. 1. A carbonaceous material , wherein based on the total weight of the carbonaceous material , the carbonaceous material contains 1-99 wt % of a carbon element , 0.2-60 wt % of a magnesium element , 0.5-60 wt % of an oxygen element and 0.1-40 wt % of a chlorine element; and in the XPS spectrum of the carbonaceous material , the binding energy characteristic peak of the 2 p electron of magnesium is located at >50.3 eV.2. The carbonaceous material according to claim 1 , wherein based on the total weight of the carbonaceous material claim 1 , the carbonaceous material contains 10-90 wt % of a carbon element claim 1 , 2-50 wt % of a magnesium element claim 1 , 2-50 wt % of an oxygen element and 1-30 wt % of a chlorine element.3. The carbonaceous material according to claim 2 , wherein based on the total weight of the carbonaceous material claim 2 , the carbonaceous material contains 20-80 wt % of a carbon element claim 2 , 5-30 wt % of a magnesium element claim 2 , 5-40 wt % of an oxygen element and 2-20 wt % of a chlorine element.4. The carbonaceous material according to claim 3 , wherein based on the total weight of the carbonaceous material claim 3 , the carbonaceous material contains 25-41 wt % of a carbon element claim 3 , 20-30 wt % of a magnesium element claim 3 , 19-40 wt % of an oxygen element and 4-20 wt % of a ...

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Номер записи: 89
11-03-2021 дата публикации

TURBOMACHINE CHEMICAL REACTOR AND METHOD FOR CRACKING HYDROCARBONS IN A PROCESS FLUID

Номер: US20210069665A1
Автор: Brown Paul Morrison, Lupkes Kirk Ryan, Saretto Silvano R., Taylor David Andrew
Принадлежит:

Chemical reactors () and methods crack hydrocarbons in process fluids by accelerating the process fluid to a velocity greater than Mach 1 with an axial impulse impeller () and generating a shock wave () in the process fluid by decelerating it in a static diffuser () having diverging diffuser passages (). Temperature increase of the process fluid downstream of the shockwave cracks the entrained hydrocarbons in a single pass, through a unidirectional flow path (F), within a single stage, without recirculating the process fluid for another pass through the same stage. In some embodiments, the turbomachine chemical reactor () has multiple successive stages of one or more axial impulse impellers (A, B), paired with a diverging passage, static diffuser (). Successive stages crack additional hydrocarbons by successively raising temperature of the flowing process fluid. 110. A chemical reactor () for cracking hydrocarbon in a process fluid , comprising:{'b': 20', '22', '24', '26, 'a housing () having: a housing inlet (); a housing exit (); and an annular housing passage (), which defines a unidirectional, axial flow path from the housing inlet to the housing exit, for receiving and cracking hydrocarbon in a process fluid therein;'}{'b': 30', '32', '34, 'a rotary shaft (), in the housing, circumscribed by the annular housing passage, for coupling to a shaft-rotating power source (), the rotary shaft defining a shaft centerline axis () that is in fixed orientation in the housing and congruent with its axis of rotation;'}{'b': 40', '50', '52', '54', '56', '58', '60', '62', '64, 'an axial impulse impeller () mounted about the rotary shaft within the annular housing passage, and in fluid communication with process fluid flowing between the inlet and exit of the housing, the impeller having: an impeller hub with an axial length extending axially along the shaft centerline axis of the rotary shaft; a row of a plurality of impeller blades () projecting outwardly from the impeller ...

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Номер записи: 90
11-03-2021 дата публикации

Method for preparing sulfated metal oxide catalyst for chlorination, and chlorination method using sulfated metal oxide catalyst

Номер: US20210069689A1
Автор: Ho Jeong Chae, Hyung Ju Kim, Jip KIM, Young Min Kim
Принадлежит: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology KRICT

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a sulfated metal oxide catalyst for chlorination, and a method for producing a reaction product containing methyl chloride (CH 3 Cl) by using the sulfated metal oxide catalyst. A sulfated zirconia catalyst and a sulfated tin oxide catalyst are disclosed as the sulfated metal oxide catalyst for chlorination.

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Номер записи: 91
11-03-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING OF MINERALS CONTAINING THE LANTHANIDE SERIES AND PRODUCTION OF RARE EARTH OXIDES

Номер: US20210070627A1
Автор: Albornoz Wergertseder Arturo Jose Domingo, Rock Nunez Arturo Patricio
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a system and a method for the processing of minerals containing the lanthanide series and the production of rare earth oxides, which allow a completely closed and continuous treatment of the different materials and desorbent agents involved in the process, thus improving the efficiency in the extraction and avoiding environmental risks associated. The method comprising the steps of: reception and conditioning of the raw material; desorption of valuable product through a plurality of mixing and reaction stages in which the raw material is contacted in countercurrent with a stream of desorbent solution; separation of fine solids; precipitation of secondary minerals through the use of a first reactive solution; precipitation of rare earth carbonates through the use of a second reactive solution; and drying and roasting of the rare earth carbonates to obtain rare earth oxides; wherein the method further comprises a secondary process that allows further processing of the residual mineral, and a dewatering and washing step wherein the residual mineral from the desorption step is washed and a lanthanide-containing liquid is recovered. 1. A system for the processing of minerals of the lanthanide series and the production of rare earth oxides , comprising:means for the reception and conditioning of the raw material;means for the desorption of valuable product comprising a plurality of mixing and reaction devices in which the raw material is contacted in countercurrent with a stream of desorbent solution;means for the separation of fine solids;means for the precipitation of secondary minerals through the use of a first reactive solution;means for precipitation of rare earth carbonates through the use of a second reactive solution; andmeans for drying and calcination of rare earth carbonates to obtain rare earth oxides, wherein the system further comprises a secondary system that allows further processing of the residual mineral, and means for the ...

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Номер записи: 92
05-06-2014 дата публикации

INTEGRATED DRYING GASIFICATION

Номер: US20140151603A1
Автор: Anderson Bernard, Blatchford Alex, Stephanou Tom
Принадлежит: HRL TREASURY (IDGCC) PTY LTD

An integrated drying gasification system comprises a gasifier for gasifying carbonaceous fuel to produce hot product gas and an entrained flow dryer which receives the hot product gas to dry the carbonaceous fuel prior to gasification. At least one inlet to the gasifier communicates one or more additional gases from the system, such as recycled syngas, steam and/or recycled carbon dioxide, to the gasifier to generate an increased hot product gas mass flow rate from the gasifier. The system may comprise a plurality of lock hopper systems coupled to the entrained flow dryer. At least one intermediate storage vessel may be provided in one or more feed legs to the gasifier maintain a constant supply of carbonaceous fuel to the gasifier for a temporary period independently of carbonaceous fuel supplied to the entrained flow dryer. 1. An integrated drying gasification system comprising:a gasifier for gasifying carbonaceous fuel to produce hot product gas;an entrained flow dryer which receives the hot product gas to dry the carbonaceous fuel prior to gasification; andat least one inlet to the gasifier to communicate syngas and/or carbon dioxide recycled from the system to the gasifier to generate an increased hot product gas mass flow rate from the gasifier.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the syngas is recycled downstream of a syngas cooler of the system to reduce the temperature of the recycled syngas.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the syngas is recycled downstream of an ammonia scrubber of the system.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the syngas is recycled downstream of one or more of the following of the system: a main filter; a water gas shift vessel; an acid gas removal system; a membrane separation system; a pressure swing adsorption system; other syngas processing equipment.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a compressor to increase the pressure of the one or more recycled gases prior to communicating the recycled gases to the gasifier.6 ...

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Номер записи: 93
07-03-2019 дата публикации

CATALYST CONTAINING PHOSPHATED KAOLIN AND ALUMINA FROM ACH AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME

Номер: US20190070595A1
Автор: Garcia Stephany, PEARSON Gregory Alan
Принадлежит:

A catalyst for use in the thermocatalytic conversion of biomass contains alumina from aluminum chlorohydrate, phosphated kaolin and a calcined phosphated zeolite ZSM-5. The catalyst may be prepared by adding a slurry of particles of the calcined phosphated zeolite ZSM-5 to phosphoric acid and kaolin and then adding to the resulting product the aluminum chlorohydrate. The particles are then spray dried and calcined. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. (canceled)24. (canceled)25. (canceled)26. (canceled)27. (canceled)28. A catalyst for converting biomass into bio-oil , the catalyst composed of particles comprising:(a) alumina derived from aluminum chlorohydrate;(b) phosphated kaolin; and(c) a calcined phosphated zeolite ZSM-5.29. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the amount of alumina derived from aluminum chlorohydrate in the catalyst is from about 8 to about 16 percent by weight claim 28 , based on the weight of alumina.30. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the amount of calcined phosphated zeolite ZSM-5 in the catalyst is between from 20 to 55 weight percent claim 28 , based on the total weight of the catalyst.31. The catalyst of claim 30 , wherein the amount of calcined phosphated zeolite ZSM-5 in the catalyst is between from about 35 to 50 weight percent claim 30 , based on the total weight of the catalyst.32. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the amount of phosphated kaolin in the catalyst is between from about 30 to about 50 weight percent claim 28 , based on the total weight of the catalyst.33. The catalyst of claim 28 , wherein the phosphated kaolin contains POand is prepared by reacting kaolin with phosphoric acid and further wherein the amount of POin the catalyst is between from 5 to about ...

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Номер записи: 94
24-03-2022 дата публикации

TUNGSTEN CARBIDE POWDER AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20220089447A1
Автор: FUDO Takayuki, HAYASHI Takehiko, Michiuchi Masato, Okamura Katsumi, ONOKI Takamasa
Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

A tungsten carbide powder contains tungsten carbide as a main component and chromium, in which, when mass concentrations of tungsten and chromium are measured at 100 or more analysis points randomly selected from a field of view of SEM observation of the tungsten carbide powder, a standard deviation σ of distribution of the ratio by percentage of the concentration of chromium to the total concentration of tungsten and chromium is 0.5 or less. 1. A tungsten carbide powder comprising tungsten carbide as a main component and chromium ,wherein, when mass concentrations of tungsten and chromium are measured at 100 or more analysis points randomly selected from a field of view of SEM observation of the tungsten carbide powder, a standard deviation σ of distribution of the ratio by percentage of the concentration of chromium to the total concentration of tungsten and chromium is 0.5 or less.2. The tungsten carbide powder according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the concentration of chromium to the total concentration of tungsten and chromium contained in the entire tungsten carbide powder is 0.1% by mass or more and 7.0% by mass or less.3. The tungsten carbide powder according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten carbide powder has an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less.4. A method for producing a tungsten carbide powder comprising:a step of obtaining a mixed dry powder by mixing a tungsten oxide and a chromium-containing solution, followed by drying under stirring;a step of obtaining a calcined powder by calcining the dry powder in the air atmosphere;a step of obtaining a mixed powder by mixing the calcined powder and a carbon source powder; anda step of obtaining a tungsten carbide powder by reducing the mixed powder by heat treatment in a hydrogen gas-containing atmosphere and carburizing the mixed powder at a temperature of 1,000° C. or higher. The present disclosure relates to a tungsten carbide powder and a production method therefor. The present application is ...

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Номер записи: 95
07-03-2019 дата публикации

VANADIUM OXIDE FOR INFRARED COATINGS AND METHODS THEREOF

Номер: US20190071319A1
Автор: Bell Nelson S., Clem Paul G., Edney Cynthia, Griego James, Rodriguez Mark A.
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to vanadium oxide and methods of controlling reaction processes for making such materials (e.g., powders). In particular embodiments, the method includes control of oxygen partial pressure in order to kinetically control the oxidation species of the crystalline vanadium oxide material. Other methods, uses, systems, protocols, and coatings are also described. 1. A method of preparing crystalline vanadium oxide , the method comprising:(i) providing a vanadium oxide precursor;{'sub': '2', '(ii) annealing the precursor at a reduced Opartial pressure, thereby preparing the crystalline vanadium oxide in tetragonal form; and'}{'sub': 1', '2', '2, '(iii) determining a first temperature Tat which a metastable VOform and/or a tetragonal VOform is present.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising (iv) adjusting to a further reduced Opartial pressure claim 1 , thereby further isolating the crystalline vanadium oxide in tetragonal form.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide is VO.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vanadium oxide precursor comprises vanadium oxide particles.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the crystalline vanadium oxide has substantially the same morphology as the vanadium oxide particles.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the vanadium oxide particles comprise vanadium pentoxide VO.7. A method of preparing crystalline vanadium oxide claim 5 , the method comprising:(i) providing a vanadium oxide precursor;{'sub': 2', '1, '(ii) annealing the precursor at a first Opartial pressure P, thereby forming one or more vanadium oxide form(s);'}(iii) obtaining one or more spectroscopy measurements of the vanadium oxide form(s);{'sub': 1', '2', '2, '(iv) determining a first temperature Tat which a metastable VOform and/or a tetragonal VOform is present; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '1, '(v) adjusting to a second Opartial pressure Pwhile maintaining T, thereby preparing the crystalline vanadium oxide.'}8. The method ...

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Номер записи: 96
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride

Номер: US20190071359A1
Автор: Dong Kyun Shin, Hee Sub Park
Принадлежит: Iljin Diamond Co Ltd

The present disclosure relates to polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) with improved fracturing-resistance and wear-resistance. The polycrystalline cubic boron nitride is prepared using CBN particles of different particle sizes. In this way, the bonding force was increased by heat treatment of the second group CBN particles and binder. At the same time, improvements of the dispersion of the CBN particles of the first and second groups and the bonding force between the binder and cubic boron nitrides were achieved at the same time. Thus, the wear-resistance and fracturing-resistance of the PCBN can be effectively improved. Further, according to the present disclosure, preparing the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride by regulating the volume ratio between the charged CBN particles may allow the wear-resistance and fracturing-resistance of the PCBN to be improved. Thus, the machining tools with excellent lifetime can be manufactured using the PCBN.

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Номер записи: 97
05-03-2020 дата публикации

Reactor for Hydrothermal Growth of Structured Materials

Номер: US20200070114A1
Автор: WEI Liu
Принадлежит: Molecule Works Inc

Design, fabrication, and usage of a reactor are presented for synthesis of structured materials from a liquid-phase precursor by heating. The structured materials are particles, membranes or films of micro-porous molecular sieve crystals such as zeolite and meso-porous materials. The precursor solution and structured materials in the reactor are uniformly heated by a planar heater with characteristic heat transfer dimension in the range of 3 mm to 10 cm. A planar heater having width and length at least three times of the characteristic heat transfer dimension provides at least one surface of uniform temperature distribution for heating purposes. Heating is conducted over a temperature range of 20 to 300° C. The planar heater can be heated by electrical power of by thermal fluid.

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Номер записи: 98
05-03-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MOLTEN MEDIA PYROLYSIS

Номер: US20200071164A1
Автор: Caram Hugo S., Dankworth David C., GUPTA Ramesh, Raman Sumathy
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for molten media pyrolysis for the conversion of methane into hydrogen and carbon-containing particles are disclosed. The systems and methods include the introduction of seed particles into the molten media to facilitate the growth of larger, more manageable carbon-containing particles. Additionally or alternatively, the systems and methods can include increasing the residence time of carbon-containing particles within the molten media to facilitate the growth of larger carbon-containing particles. 1. A process for molten media pyrolysis , comprising:introducing methane gas into a reaction vessel comprising molten media, the reaction vessel having a bottom surface, wherein the molten media is present in a first layer, and wherein a first side of the first layer contacts the bottom surface;converting at least a portion of the methane gas into hydrogen and carbon-containing particles by exposing the methane gas to the molten media;removing at least a portion of the molten media from the first layer;introducing the at least a portion of the molten media into a region within the reaction vessel that is opposite from the bottom surface, wherein the at least a portion of the molten media transfers to the first layer, thereby creating a molten media current directed toward the bottom surface of the reaction vessel; andisolating carbon-containing particles having an average characteristic dimension of about 0.2 mm or more from the molten media.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the removing the at least a portion of the molten media from the first layer comprises introducing the least a portion of the molten media into a circulation conduit in fluid communication with the first layer of molten media.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molten media comprises a molten metal claim 1 , molten salt claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molten media comprises the molten metal claim 1 , the ...

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Номер записи: 99
18-03-2021 дата публикации

PLATINUM-SULFUR-BASED SHELL CATALYST, PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF IN THE DEHYDROGENATION OF HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20210077984A1
Автор: Boesmann Andreas, FRANKL Franziska, SEIDEL Alexander, STURM Stefanie, SZESNI Normen, Wasserscheid Peter
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the use of a supported, platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst and to a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst. The present invention further relates to a method for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons. 2. The use as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the perhydrogenated or partly hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexane claim 1 , methylcyclohexane claim 1 , decalin claim 1 , perhydrogenated or partly hydrogenated benzyltoluene claim 1 , perhydrogenated or partly hydrogenated N-alkylated carbazole claim 1 , especially perhydrogenated or partly hydrogenated N-ethylcarbazole claim 1 , and perhydrogenated or partly hydrogenated dibenzyltoluene and isomers thereof.3. The use as claimed in or claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenation is performed continuously in a reactor selected from a fixed bed reactor claim 1 , a flow bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor claim 1 , and preferably in a fixed bed reactor.4. The use as claimed in claim 1 , or claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenation is effected at a temperature in the range from 200° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , more preferably at a temperature in the range from 230° C. to 330° C. claim 1 , especially at a temperature in the range from 260° C. to 310° C. claim 1 , and preferably at a pressure in the range of 1-5 bar claim 1 , more preferably in the range of 2-4 bar claim 1 , especially at a pressure of about 3 bar.5. The use as claimed in any of to claim 1 , wherein the shell catalyst has an outer shell including 85% by weight or more claim 1 , preferably 90% by weight or more claim 1 , especially 95% by weight or more claim 1 , of the ...

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Номер записи: 100