Vessel For Containing Catalyst In A Tubular Reactor

A catalyst carrier for insertion in a radial tube reactor, said catalyst carrier comprising: an annular container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a perforated inner wall defining a tube, a perforated outer wall, a top surface closing the annular container and a bottom surface closing the annular container; a surface closing the bottom of said tube formed by the inner wall of the annular container; a skirt extending upwardly from the perforated outer wall of the annular container from a position at or near the bottom surface of said container to a position below the location of a seal; and a seal located at or near the top surface and extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond an outer surface of the skirt.

Process for Selective Removal of a Product from a Gaseous System

A process for selective removal of a gaseous product (P) from a gaseous system comprising said product and other components (R 1 , R 2 ), wherein the gaseous system is admitted to a first environment, which is separated from a second environment by a boundary wall, and a permeation membrane ( 3, 300 ) forms at least part of said boundary wall; a spatially non-uniform electric field ( 4 ) is generated between a first electrode or first plurality of electrodes ( 1, 301 ) located in the first environment and a second electrode or second plurality of electrodes ( 2, 302 ) located in the second environment, so that field lines of said non-uniform electric field cross said membrane, and a dielectrophoretic force generated on particles of said gaseous component (P) is at least part of a driving force of the permeation through said membrane, an amount of said product (P) being selectively removed from the first environment and collected in the second environment.

Chemical reactor with plate type heat exchange unit

An isothermal chemical reactor ( 1 ) is described comprising a plate ( 30 ) heat exchange unit ( 12 ), immersed in a catalytic bed ( 7 ) and destined to heat or cool the reagents in order to maintain the reaction temperature in a predetermined range; said plates ( 30 ) are formed by two flat walls ( 31, 32 ) and longitudinal spacers ( 33 ), with obtainment of parallel channels ( 34 ) for the circulation of a heat exchange fluid.

Apparatus for Retaining Solid Material in a Radial Flow Reactor and Method of Making

An apparatus for use in radial flow reactors is presented. The apparatus includes a first partition and a second partition with support members coupled therebetween. The first partition include a first opening and a second opening to allow the passage of fluid therethrough. A baffle extends into a flow channel formed by adjacent support members to obstruct an upper or lower portion of the first opening to interrupt a portion of the fluid flow therethrough.

Bi-Modal Radial Flow Reactor

A bi-modal radial flow reactor comprising a cylindrical outer housing surrounding at least five cylindrical, concentric zones, including at least three annulus vapor zones and at least two catalyst zones. The at least two catalyst zones comprise an outer catalyst zone and an inner catalyst zone. The at least three annulus vapor zones comprise an outer annulus vapor zone, a middle annulus vapor zone, and a central annulus vapor zone, wherein the central annulus vapor zone extends along a centerline of the bi-modal radial flow reactor. The outer catalyst zone is intercalated with the outer annulus vapor zone and the middle annulus vapor zone, and the inner catalyst zone is intercalated with the middle annulus vapor zone and the central annulus vapor zone. A removable head cover can be fixably coupled to a top of the cylindrical outer housing to seal a top of the bi-modal radial flow reactor.

BAYONET CATALYTIC REACTOR

A bayonet reactor including a catalytic reactor in the form of an annular structured packing is provided with increased surface area for the transfer of heat between annulus gas and return gas, an increased coefficient of heat transfer between the annulus and return gases, and a reduced overall pressure drop relative to conventional reactors. The reactors of the present technology can enable intensified catalytic processing. 1. A bayonet catalytic reactor comprising:an outer tube having an open first end and a closed second end;an inner tube disposed at least partially within the outer tube, the inner tube having an open first end and an open second end; anda catalytic reactor comprising a structured packing disposed within an annulus defined by an inner diameter of the outer tube and an outer diameter of the inner tube,wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.45 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.2. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.63 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.3. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.77 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.4. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a second catalytic reactor disposed within the inner tube proximate the second end of the inner tube.5. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 4 , wherein the second catalytic reactor is a structured reactor comprising a honeycomb catalytic reactor.6. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 4 , wherein the second catalytic reactor extends from the second end of the inner tube toward the first end of the inner tube to a distance less than 50% of the distance from the second end of the inner tube to the first end of the inner tube.7. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the bayonet catalytic reactor is a steam reforming reactor.8. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , ...

TUBE ISOTHERMAL CATALYTIC REACTOR

Vertical reactor () for chemical reactions, comprising a tube heat exchanger () immersed in a catalytic bed (), wherein said tube exchanger () comprises a plurality of straight tube bundles () with respective tube plates for feeding () and collecting () the heat exchange fluid, and wherein the tube bundles and the respective tube plates are vertically staggered so as to allow access to the shell side. 1. A vertical chemical reactor comprising at least a catalytic bed and a tube heat exchanger immersed in said catalytic bed and fed with a heat exchange fluid , wherein:said tube exchanger comprises a plurality of straight tube bundles, each tube bundle having a respective feed tube plate and a respective collection tube plate for the fluid,wherein said plurality of tube bundles comprises at least a first set of tube bundles arranged at a first height inside the reactor and a second set of tube bundles arranged at a second height inside the reactor, the bundles of the first set and the second set being alternated so that each tube bundle is staggered vertically with respect to the adjacent bundles,wherein said tube plates are shaped as circular sectors or ring sectors and each one of said sectors extend substantially along the full radial extension of said catalytic bed.2. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein said tube plates have a surface of interface with the tubes claim 1 , which is flat.3. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the free spaces between adjacent tube plates claim 1 , due to the vertically staggered arrangement claim 1 , define access points to the reactor zone containing the catalytic bed claim 1 , which can be used for loading and unloading catalyst.4. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube plates claim 1 , viewed in cross-section claim 1 , cover the entire cross-section of the catalytic bed.5. The reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the tube bundles comprise straight tubes having the same length.6. The reactor according ...

RADIAL OR AXIAL-RADIAL CHEMICAL REACTOR WITH A FINE CATALYST

Reactor for catalytic chemical reactions comprising a catalyst bed with an annular-cylindrical form crossed by a radial flow or mixed axial-radial flow, wherein the bed is delimited by cylindrical walls made gas-permeable by means of slits and the catalyst bed is formed by particles of catalyst with a nominal minimum size such that: the ratio between a transverse dimension of the slits and the nominal minimum size of the particles of catalyst is smaller than or equal to 0.6; the catalyst bed contains no more than 3% by weight of particles with an actual size smaller than said nominal size. 111-. (canceled)12. A reactor for catalytic chemical reactions , the reactor comprising:a catalyst bed with an annular-cylindrical form and a radial or mixed axial-radial crossing flow;at least a first cylindrical wall and a second cylindrical wall that delimit the catalyst bed being in direct with the catalyst, the second cylindrical wall being coaxial and internal relative to the first wall;wherein the first wall and the second wall include passages to make the first and second walls gas-permeable;wherein the passages are slits having an elongated form in a longitudinal direction of the slit and a respective transverse dimension in a transverse direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction;wherein the catalyst bed is formed by particles of catalyst that have a nominal minimum size such that:a) a ratio between the transverse dimension of the slits and the nominal minimum size of the particles of catalyst is less than or equal to 0.6; 'wherein a minimum size of the catalyst is defined as a square root of a maximum square free flow area of a sieve that retains the catalyst, the sieving of the catalyst being performed according to the standard test method of ASTM D4513-11.', 'b) the catalyst bed contains no more than 3% by weight of particles with a size smaller than the nominal size,'}13. The reactor according to claim 12 , wherein the nominal minimum size of the ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING FLOW IN RADIAL FLOW REACTOR

A scallop, center pipe, and outer basket for use in a radial flow reactor are provided. Each of the scallop, the center pipe, and the outer basket is formed of an elongated conduit having a top end and an opposing bottom end, and a plurality of openings formed in the elongated conduit through a thickness thereof. A diameter of the plurality of openings progressively increases or decreases from the top end to the opposing bottom end of the elongated conduit so as to allow a feedstock to flow radially out through the plurality of openings on the scallop or outer basket, or to allow a feedstock to flow uniformly into the center pipe through the plurality of openings. A system utilizing the center pipe together with either the scallop or the outer basket is also provided. 1. A scallop for use in a radial flow reactor , comprising:an elongated conduit having a top end and an opposing bottom end and a rounded distribution side;a plurality of openings formed in the elongated conduit through a thickness thereof,wherein a diameter of the plurality of openings progressively increases or decreases from the top end to the opposing bottom end of the elongated conduit so as to allow a feedstock to flow uniformly out of the scallop through the plurality of openings; anda profile wire scallop overlay positioned on the rounded distribution side of the elongated conduit to prevent catalyst particles from flowing into the scallop.2. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of openings are generally circular claim 1 , square claim 1 , rectangular claim 1 , triangular claim 1 , oval claim 1 , or oblong in shape.3. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the elongated conduit is formed of stainless steel.4. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the elongated conduit has a back side and with the rounded distribution side forms a “D”-shaped cross section.5. (canceled)6. The scallop of claim 4 , wherein the radial flow reactor includes a reactor vessel claim 4 , and the back side of the elongated ...

Cylindrical Wall for Filtering Solid Particles in a Fluid

A cylindrical wall () for filtering solid particles in a fluid, through which a fluid is likely to circulate, this wall comprising 114.-. (canceled)15. A cylindrical wall for filtering solid particles in a fluid , through which this fluid is to circulate , this wall comprisingat least one perforated plate having a finite radius of curvature, andat least one grating element superposed on this perforated plate, this grating element comprising a plurality of rigid wires extending in a longitudinal direction and positioned adjacent to one another in order to filter the solid particles,characterized in thatthe grating element is arranged for the wires to be secured to one another only by means of links between adjacent wires, each link between two adjacent wires occupying only a portion of the length of said wires, and having a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of these wires in proximity to this link.16. The wall as claimed in claim 15 , whereineach link between two wires extends radially between an inner link end facing the perforated plate and an outer link end,in proximity to this link, each of these two wires extends radially between an inner wire end intended to be facing the perforated plate and an outer wire end,characterized in that,for at least one link between two wires, the outer end of said link is within the outer wire ends of said two adjacent wires, such that these two wires and this link define a groove forming a passage between the spaces between these wires on either side of this link.17. The wall as claimed in claim 15 , wherein at least one wire has claim 15 , over all of its length claim 15 , a section whose width claim 15 , in the tangential direction claim 15 , is smaller at a first end of wire section facing the perforated plate than at a second end of wire section opposite this first end.18. The wall as claimed in claim 15 , wherein claim 15 , for at least one wire secured to a first and a second adjacent wires situated on either ...

Cover system for a solid particle lining and reactor comprising such a system

The invention relates to a cover system ( 5 ) for a solid particle lining ( 3 ) comprising an articulated structure ( 11 ) and an annular casing ( 13 ) covering the articulated structure ( 11 ), the casing ( 13 ) being formed by metal plates ( 16, 17 ) sealingly mounted so as to be movable relative to each other, the articulated structure ( 11 ) having metal skirts ( 31 ) forming articulated concentric circles ( 33 ) for supporting the plates ( 16, 17 ) of the casing ( 13 ) and adapting to the deformations of the lining ( 3 ), and metal elements ( 35 ) forming articulated spacers ( 37 ) making it possible to maintain a spacing between the articulated concentric circles ( 33 ) and to adapt to the deformations of the lining ( 3 ).

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C 2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C 2+ compounds.

LOW-CAPACITY COMPARTMENTALIZED REACTOR

Catalytic reactor () with radial flow of a hydrocarbon feedstock to be treated comprising: 110. A catalytic reactor () with radial flow of a hydrocarbon feedstock , said reactor comprising:at least one means for introducing said feedstock to be treated;at least one means for discharging the effluent resulting from the catalytic reaction;{'b': 13', '14', '15', '15, 'claim-text': [{'b': '16', 'at least one catalyst bed ();'}, {'b': 21', '22, 'at least one outer wall () and one inner wall () permeable respectively to the feedstock to be treated and to the effluent resulting from the catalytic reaction;'}, {'b': 23', '24, 'at least one first side wall () and one second side wall () impermeable to the feedstock to be treated;'}], 'a reaction zone () enclosed in a substantially cylindrical outer shell () that is in the form of at least one catalytic module () extending along the vertical axis (AX), said catalytic module () comprising{'b': 25', '15, 'at least one means () for supporting said catalytic module ();'}{'b': 29', '21', '22', '15, 'at least one means () for collecting the effluent resulting from the catalytic reaction extending along the axis (AX) in communication with said outer wall () or said inner wall () of said catalytic module ();'}{'b': 30', '15', '13, 'an annular zone () located at the same level as said catalytic module (), outside of the reaction zone (),'}said catalytic reactor being characterized in that:{'b': 15', '27', '13', '23', '24', '15', '30, 'when said catalytic reactor comprises a single catalytic module (), said reactor comprises an empty space () located outside of the reaction zone (), between the first side wall () and the second side wall () of said catalytic module (), and opening onto said annular zone (),'}{'b': 15', '27', '13', '23', '15', '24', '15', '15', '30, 'when said catalytic reactor comprises a plurality of catalytic modules (), said reactor comprises at least one empty space () located outside of the reaction zone (), ...

TAPERED CONDUITS FOR REACTORS

An apparatus is provided for directing a fluid in a radial reactor comprising: a vertically elongated conduit comprising a front face comprising a surface comprising apertures, two side faces, and a rear face and two ends, wherein an end of the front face and an end of the rear face are a distance D apart and wherein a second opposite end of the front face and a second corresponding end of the rear face are a distance D apart wherein D is greater than D and wherein a riser are connected to a top surface of said vertically elongated conduit to allow a gas stream to flow through the riser to the vertically elongated conduit. 1. An apparatus directing a fluid in a radial reactor comprising a vertically elongated conduit extending around a circumference of an outer wall of said radial reactor wherein a distance measured from one side of said vertically elongated conduit to an opposite side of said elongated conduit at a top of said elongated conduit is different than a distance measured at a distance measured at a lower location on said vertically elongated conduit.2. The apparatus of wherein said vapor inlet is at a bottom of said apparatus or at a top of said apparatus.3. The apparatus of wherein said vertically elongated inlet conduit further comprises a top portion having a wider cross section that is at least as wide as an opening of said riser.4. The apparatus of wherein said vertically elongated inlet conduit is within a radial reactor claim 1 , wherein said radial reactor has an inner reaction zone disposed within a reactor vessel claim 1 , and where said front face has a flat structure and said rear face has a curved structure or a flat structure.5. The apparatus of wherein said vertically elongated inlet conduit is within a radial reactor claim 1 , wherein said radial reactor has an inner reaction zone disposed within a reactor vessel claim 1 , and where said front face has a curved structure and said rear face has a curved structure or a flat structure61212. ...

Radial Flow Process and Apparatus

A system for radial flow contact of a reactant stream with catalyst particles includes a reactor vessel and a catalyst retainer in the reactor vessel. The catalyst retainer includes an inner particle retention device and an outer particle retention device. The inner particle retention device and the outer particle retention device are spaced apart to define a catalyst retaining space. The inner particle retention device defines an axial flow path of the reactor vessel, and the outer particle retention device and an inner surface of a wall of the reactor vessel define an annular flow path of the reactor vessel. The system includes an inlet nozzle having an exit opening in fluid communication with the axial flow path, and an outlet nozzle in fluid communication with the annular flow path. The system can further include a fluid displacement device in the axial flow path of the reactor vessel.

WALLS FOR CATALYTIC BEDS OF RADIAL- OR AXIAL-FLOW REACTORS

Radial or axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor comprising a cylindrical shell and at least one catalytic bed and comprising a plurality of perforated tubes, said tubes having an open end communicating with an inlet of a gaseous flow of reagents in the reactor, said tubes being provided with a plurality of holes on their side surface, said tubes being arranged around the catalytic bed so as to form an outer wall which bounds the catalytic bed and which distributes the reagents inside said bed; each of said tubes being formed by means of longitudinal or helical butt welding of a perforated strip. 114-. (canceled)15. A radial flow or an axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor , comprising:a cylindrical shell;at least one catalytic bed; anda plurality of perforated tubes that are arranged around the at least one catalytic bed to form a distributor of reagents into said at least one catalytic bed;wherein each of said plurality of perforated tubes include an open end in communication with an inlet of a gaseous flow of reagents in the catalytic chemical reactor, and a closed end opposite to said inlet end;wherein each of said plurality of perforated tubes includes a butt welded perforated strip or a butt welded perforated metal sheet.16. The radial flow or axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor of claim 15 , wherein the butt welded perforated strip or the butt welded perforated metal sheet is automatically butt welded.17. The radial flow or axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor of claim 15 , wherein said butt welded perforated strip is helically wound and helically welded.18. The radial flow or axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor of claim 15 , wherein said butt weld of each of said plurality of perforated tubes includes a straight longitudinal butt weld.19. The radial flow or axial-radial flow catalytic chemical reactor of claim 15 , wherein each of said plurality of perforated tubes is cylindrical and has a circular cross-section.20. The ...

FIXED BED RADIAL FLOW REACTOR FOR LIGHT PARAFFIN CONVERSION

Systems and methods are provided for conversion of light paraffinic gases to form liquid products in a process performed in a fixed bed radial-flow reactor. The light paraffins can correspond to C paraffins. Examples of liquid products that can be formed include C-Caromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The fixed bed radial-flow reactor can allow for improved control over the reaction conditions for paraffin conversion in spite of the fixed bed nature of the reactor. This can allow the process to operate with improved efficiency while reducing or minimizing the complexity of operation relative to non-fixed bed reactor systems. 112.-. (canceled)13. A method for processing a paraffin-containing feed , comprising:{'sub': 3+', '6', '12, 'exposing a feed comprising about 30 vol % to about 70 vol % of C paraffins to one or more fixed beds of a conversion catalyst to form a conversion effluent comprising C-Caromatics, the one or more fixed beds of the conversion catalyst comprising fixed beds in one or more radial flow reactors, a combined pressure drop across the one or more fixed beds being less than about 100 kPag, the one or more radial flow reactors comprising{'b': '1', 'an outer annular volume defined by an interior of a reactor wall and an exterior of a gas-permeable wall, the interior of the reactor wall defining an outer annular radius R;'}{'b': '3', 'a central volume defined by the interior of a central column and a column cap, the interior of the central column defining a column radius R; and'}{'b': '2', 'an inner annular volume defined by an interior of the gas-permeable wall, an exterior of the central column, an inner annular top, and an inner annular bottom, the interior of the gas-permeable wall defining an inner annular radius R, the inner annular volume comprising a catalyst bed, the inner annular volume being in direct fluid communication with the outer annular volume through the gas-permeable wall, the inner annular volume being in direct ...

REACTOR

A reactor includes: a shell with first and second ends, an fluid inlet at the first end for receiving a process fluid, and an outlet at the second end for discharging a reacted process fluid, and a plurality of elongate containment units within the shell for containing a particulate catalyst or sorbent, each containment unit including two perforate members defining a space in which the particulate catalyst or sorbent may be placed, the perforate members mounted between two fluid-impermeable end members, wherein one end member extends across the containment unit to provide a closed end and the other end member closes the space thereby providing an open end through which a process fluid may enter or exit the containment unit, and a header assembly connected to the open ends of the containment units and either the fluid inlet or fluid outlet. A process using the reactor is also described. 119-. (canceled)20. A reactor comprising: a shell with first and second ends , a process fluid inlet at the first end for receiving a process fluid , and a process fluid outlet at the second end for discharging a reacted or decontaminated process fluid , and a plurality of elongate containment units within said shell for containing a particulate catalyst or sorbent , each containment unit comprising two perforate members defining a space in which the particulate catalyst or sorbent may be placed , said perforate members mounted between two process fluid-impermeable end members , wherein one end member extends across the containment unit to provide a closed end and the other end member closes the space thereby providing an open end through which a process fluid may enter or exit the containment unit , and a header assembly connected to the open ends of the containment units and either said process fluid inlet or said process fluid outlet , wherein each containment unit comprises an outer perforate member an inner perforate member , arranged concentrically , and a central void within ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HORIZONTAL FLOW ADSORBER AND DIVIDING WALL MODULE FOR USE IN SAID METHOD

The method serves for producing a horizontal through flow adsorber with two adsorbents which contains two immediately adjacent packings in a horizontal or vertical container. Between the two packings there is a vertical interface. In a step (a) a vertical dividing wall is positioned on the bottom of the adsorption bed and then on each side of the dividing wall one of the two adsorbents is charged up to a first height that does not exceed the upper edge of the separating ring. In the following step (b) the vertical dividing wall is displaced upwardly until the lower edge thereof is still placed in the existing packing. Then, on each side of the dividing wall one of the two adsorbents is charged up to a second height that does not exceed the upper edge of the displaced dividing wall. Finally, step (b) is repeated until a predetermined filling height is achieved. According to the invention, the vertical dividing wall is composed of at least three dividing wall modules () that extend only over a part of the length or of the periphery of the vertical dividing wall and are movable in a vertical direction independently of one another. 1. The method for producing a horizontal through flow adsorber with two adsorbents which contains two immediately adjacent packings in a horizontal or vertical container , wherein there is a vertical interface between the two packings , and wherein a first packing contains a first adsorbent and a second packing contains a second adsorbent that differs from the first adsorbent in the chemical composition and/or particle size thereof , wherein , in the method(a) a vertical dividing wall is positioned on the bottom of the adsorption bed and then on each side of the dividing wall one of the two adsorbents is charged up to a first height that does not exceed the upper edge of the dividing wall,(b) the vertical dividing wall is displaced upwardly until the lower edge thereof is still placed in the existing packing, and on each side of the dividing ...

Easy clean catalyst filter basket

A catalyst filter basket for containing catalyst material within a catalytic chemical reactor. The catalyst filter basket includes a central frame having a base ring and a generally cylindrical inner screen portion which extends upwardly from the base ring. A generally cylindrical outer screen assembly is releasably secured to the central frame by a quick release mechanism.

RADIAL FLOW HORIZONTAL CATALYTIC REACTOR

Horizontal adiabatic reactor () for heterogeneous catalytic reactions, comprising an outer cylindrical shell (), an inlet () for reagent gases and an outlet () for gaseous products, a basket () containing a catalytic bed () positioned horizontally inside said reactor, wherein said reactor is configured in such a way that the gases cross said catalytic bed in a radial or axial-radial manner, said shell () has a cover () which can be opened and which defines an opening (), and said basket () is extractable horizontally from said opening. 11. Horizontal adiabatic reactor () for heterogeneous catalytic reactions , comprising:{'b': '2', 'a cylindrical outer shell (),'}{'b': 6', '7, 'an inlet () for a flow of reagent gases and an outlet () for a flow of gaseous products;'}{'b': 10', '13', '5', '5, 'i': a,', 'b, 'at least one basket (, ) containing at least one catalytic bed (), said catalytic bed being positioned horizontally inside said reactor;'}characterized in that:said reactor is configured in such a way that said gas flow crosses said at least one catalytic bed in a radial or axial-radial manner;and{'b': 2', '4', '20', '10', '13, 'said shell () has a cover () which can be opened and defines an opening () and said basket (, ) can be extracted horizontally from said opening.'}255a,b. Reactor according to claim 1 , characterized in that said at least one catalytic bed () has an annular configuration and radial symmetry.3. Reactor according to claim 1 , characterized in that said at least one catalytic bed has cylindrical inlet surfaces and outlet surfaces for said reagents and gaseous products claim 1 , respectively.4. Reactor according to claim 3 , characterized in that said surfaces are defined by gas-permeable coaxial walls for containing the bed.51013. Reactor according to any one of the preceding claims claim 3 , characterized in that said at least one basket ( claim 3 , ) is slidable along at least one linear guide.65958ab. Reactor according to any one of the ...

METHOD OF FABRICATING CONCENTRIC-TUBE CATALYTIC REACTOR ASSEMBLY

A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube is provided. The method may include inserting a catalyst into the outer tube and inserting the inner tube through the catalyst. The method may further include radially expanding the inner tube against the catalyst. 1. A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube , the method comprising:inserting a catalyst into the outer tube;inserting the inner tube through the catalyst; andradially expanding the inner tube against the catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , further including sealing a first end of the inner tube.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein sealing the first end of the inner tube includes at least one of installing a compressing fitting and welding.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the inner tube is radially expanded by directing a pressurized fluid into a second end of the inner tube.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressurized fluid is a hydraulic fluid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner tube is radially expanded by forcing an expansion object through the inner tube.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is one of an annular catalyst claim 1 , a cylindrical catalyst claim 1 , and a toroidal catalyst.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst comprises one or more of particulates claim 7 , pellets claim 7 , and a coating disposed on a support structure.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer tube claim 1 , the catalyst claim 1 , and the inner tube are concentric.10. The method of claim 1 , further including sealing a first end of the outer tube.11. A method of fabricating a catalytic reactor assembly having an outer tube and an inner tube claim 1 , the method comprising:inserting a catalyst into the outer tube;inserting the inner tube through the catalyst, wherein the inner tube is concentric with the catalyst and the outer tube;connecting at least a first end of the inner tube to a source ...

REACTOR DEVICE FOR THE RELEASE OF A GAS FROM A STARTING MATERIAL

A reactor device for the release of a gas from a starting material includes a reactor housing having a longitudinal axis and at least one single reactor arranged in the reactor housing, the single reactor including a base plate oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis, a starting material flow channel defining a starting material flow direction, a catalyst arranged in the starting material flow channel, a heating unit for heating the catalyst and/or the starting material and a gas collection chamber arranged above the starting material flow channel for collecting the gas released from the starting material. 1. A reactor device for the release of a gas from a starting material , the reactor device comprising:a reactor housing having a longitudinal axis;at least one single reactor arranged in the reactor housing, the at least one single reactor comprising a base plate oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis, a starting material flow channel defining a starting material flow direction, a catalyst arranged in the starting material flow channel, a heating unit for heating at least one of the catalyst a and the starting material, a gas collection chamber arranged above the starting material flow channel for collecting the gas released from the starting material.2. A reactor device according to claim 1 , that wherein the starting material flow channel is directly connected to the gas collection chamber along a first length claim 1 , wherein the first length is at least half of a total length of the starting material flow channel.3. A reactor device according to Maims claim 1 , wherein a gas collection chamber volume is a multiple of a starting material flow channel volume.4. A reactor device according to claim 1 , wherein a gas flow direction is oriented transversely to the starting material flow direction claim 1 , the gas flow being oriented perpendicular to the starting material flow direction.5. A reactor device according to claim 1 , wherein the starting ...

Chemical Reactor with Integrated Heat Exchanger, Heater, and High Conductance Catalyst Holder

A chemical reactor that combines a pressure vessel, heat exchanger, heater, and catalyst holder into a single device is disclosed. The chemical reactor described herein reduces the cost of the reactor and reduces its parasitic heat losses. The disclosed chemical reactor is suitable for use in ammonia (NH 3 ) synthesis.

HEAT INTEGRATED REFORMER WITH CATALYTIC COMBUSTION FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

An apparatus for the production of hydrogen from a fuel source includes a combustor configured to receive a combustor fuel and convert the combustor fuel into a combustor heat; a reformer disposed annularly about the combustor, a removable structured catalyst support disposed within the gap and coated with a catalyst to induce combustor fuel combustion reactions that convert the combustor fuel to the combustor heat, and a combustor fuel injection aperture configured for mixing combustion fuel into the combustion catalyst. The combustor fuel injection aperture being disposed along a length of the combustion zone. The reformer and the combustor define a gap therebetween and the reformer is configured to receive the combustor heat. 1. An apparatus for the production of hydrogen from a fuel source , comprising:a combustor configured to receive a combustor fuel and convert the combustor fuel into combustor heat;a reformer disposed annularly about the combustor, wherein the reformer and the combustor define a gap therebetween and the reformer is configured to receive the combustor heat;a removable structured catalyst support disposed within the gap and coated with a catalyst to induce combustor fuel combustion reactions that convert the combustor fuel to the combustor heat, the structured catalyst support being in contact with the combustor and the reformer, forming heat exchange zones where heat is transferred between a feed of the combustor and products of the reformer, and between a feed of the reformer and products of the combustor; anda combustor fuel injection aperture configured for mixing combustion fuel into the combustion catalyst, the combustor fuel injection aperture being disposed along a length of the combustion zone.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the combustor fuel injection aperture includes an annular ring including injector holes along a perimeter of the annular ring.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the reformer is configured to receive at ...

Method of cleaning spent catalyst material

A method of cleaning spent catalyst material from a catalyst filter basket. The catalyst filter basket includes a central frame having a base ring and a generally cylindrical inner screen portion which extends upwardly from the base ring. A generally cylindrical outer screen assembly is releasably secured to the central frame by a quick release mechanism

RADIAL-FLOW REACTOR APPARATUS

A device suitable for use as a distributor or collector in a radial-flow reaction vessel is described, comprising an open end and a plurality of rigid columnar portions, each columnar portion comprising a cylindrical outer screen formed from parallel spaced wires and a perforate inner screen fixed to the outer screen, said inner screen formed from a plurality of adjacent perforate support members that support the spaced wires, wherein the rigid columnar portions further comprise means for controlling a flow of a gaseous process fluid to or from the device. The device may be used in radial-flow vessels used in chemical processes such as methanol synthesis. 1. A device suitable for use as a distributor or collector in a radial-flow reaction vessel , comprising an open end and a plurality of rigid columnar portions , each columnar portion comprising a cylindrical outer screen formed from parallel spaced wires and a perforate inner screen fixed to the outer screen , said inner screen formed from a plurality of adjacent perforate support members that support the spaced wires , wherein the rigid columnar portions further comprise a means for controlling a flow of a gaseous process fluid to or from the device , wherein the means for controlling the flow of a gaseous process fluid to or from the device comprises the use of overlapping spigot joints to join portions of the device nearest the open end , and internal flange joints to join portions furthest from the open end.2. The device of wherein the means for controlling the flow of the gaseous process fluid to or from the device further comprises is providing a greater number and/or a larger size and/or a smaller spacing of the perforations in the inner screen in a portion adjacent the open end.3. (canceled)4. The device of wherein the wires have cross-sections that are circular claim 1 , square claim 1 , rectangular claim 1 , triangular or polygonal.5. The device of wherein the triangular or wedge-shaped bars or wires are ...

Optimized Reactor Configuration for Optimal Performance of the Aromax Catalyst for Aromatics Synthesis

A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising a first reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first reactor is configured to operate as an adiabatic reactor, and wherein the first reactor comprises a first naphtha reforming catalyst; and a second reactor comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second inlet is in fluid communication with the first outlet of the first reactor, wherein the second reactor is configured to operate as an isothermal reactor, and wherein the second reactor comprises a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace, a heat source configured to heat the interior of the reactor furnace; and a second naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes, wherein the first naphtha reforming catalyst and the second naphtha reforming catalyst are the same or different. 1. A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising: a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace,', 'a heat source configured to heat an interior of the reactor furnace; and', 'a naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes,', 'wherein at least one tube of the plurality of tubes comprises a graded catalyst bed., 'an isothermal reactor comprising23.-. (canceled)4. The naphtha reforming reactor system of claim 1 , wherein the graded catalyst bed contains a plurality of catalyst zones.5. The naphtha reforming reactor system of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of catalyst zones comprises a first catalyst zone and a second catalyst zone claim 4 , wherein the first catalyst zone is upstream of the second catalyst zone.6. The naphtha reforming reactor system of claim 5 , wherein the first catalyst zone contains a first particle size of the naphtha reforming catalyst claim 5 , wherein the second catalyst zone contains a second particle size of the naphtha reforming catalyst claim 5 , and wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size.7. The naphtha reforming reactor system of ...

Axial/radial flow converter

In a cooled axial/radial flow converter, in which process gas passes from an outer annulus via a catalyst bed to an inner centre tube, the catalyst bed is divided into identical modules stacked on top of each other. The process gas reaches the catalyst through openings facing the outer annulus, passes axially down the catalyst bed of each module, leaves the module through collectors in the bottom thereof, and flows to the centre tube. The catalyst bed is cooled by cooling panels, in which the process gas is pre-heated to the reaction temperature, while at the same time the heat of reaction is partly removed from the catalyst bed. The converter is especially suitable as ammonia converter.

CATALYTIC REACTOR

The invention relates to a catalytic reactor suited for exothermal reactions with a radial process fluid flow and process fluid flow guides which ensures an extended fluid flow path and higher flow velocity and thereby enhanced cooling of the catalyst bed in the reactor. 2. A catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one outer process fluid passage claim 1 , wherein the centre process fluid passage comprises a plurality of reactant inlets and the at least one outer process fluid passage comprises a plurality of product outlets claim 1 , whereby the process fluid flows in a radial plane in the reactor through the at least one catalyst bed from the reactant inlets claim 1 , guided around the at least one process fluid flow guide to the product outlets.3. A catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one outer process fluid passage claim 1 , wherein the at least one outer process fluid passage comprises a plurality of reactant inlets and the centre process fluid passage comprises a plurality of product outlets claim 1 , whereby the process fluid flows in a radial plane in the reactor through the at least one catalyst bed from the reactant inlets claim 1 , guided around the at least one process fluid flow guide to the product outlets.4. A catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor has a circular cross section and the at least one outer process fluid passage is arranged radially around the centre process fluid passage.5. A catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , wherein at least one process fluid flow guide is arranged around a part of each outer process fluid passage claim 1 , restricting the process fluid to flow from the at least one reactant inlet and around the flow guide before it can flow to the at least one product outlet.6. A catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one process fluid flow guide is U-shaped or V-shaped in a cross sectional view of the reactor claim 1 , and ...

SCALLOP SUPPORT DISTRIBUTOR FOR RADIAL FLOW REACTOR

A supported scallop and a support distributor therefor for use in a radial flow reactor. The support distributor includes an elongated sheet having a plurality of perforations extending through a thickness thereof, and at least one edge along a length thereof so as to form a member having at least one support point which engages an inner surface of the scallop. 1. A support distributor for a scallop for use in a radial flow reactor , comprising: a plurality of perforations extending through a thickness thereof, the plurality of perforations being configured to allow gases, vapors, or liquids to flow through the thickness of the elongated sheet, and', 'at least one edge along a length thereof so as to form a member having at least one support point which engages an inner surface of the scallop., 'an elongated sheet having2. The support distributor of claim 1 , wherein the elongated sheet has a plurality of edges along the length thereof so that the member has a plurality support points which engage the inner surface of the scallop.3. The support distributor of claim 1 , wherein the support distributor has one of a V-shaped cross-section claim 1 , a W-shaped cross-section claim 1 , a triangular cross-sectional shape claim 1 , a square cross-sectional shape claim 1 , or a rectangular cross-sectional shape.4. The support distributor of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of perforations has a generally circular claim 1 , square claim 1 , or rectangular shape.5. The support distributor of claim 1 , wherein the elongated sheet is formed of a metal alloy.6. The support distributor of claim 5 , wherein the metal alloy is stainless steel.7. A support distributor for a scallop for use in a radial flow reactor claim 5 , comprising: a plurality of perforations extending through a thickness thereof, the plurality of perforations being configured to allow gases, vapors, or liquids to flow through the thickness, and', 'at least one edge along a length thereof so as to form a ...

REACTOR WITH A CATALYTIC BED

A catalytic bed for a chemical reactor, said catalytic bed having an annular-cylindrical geometry and comprising at least one collector made with a gas-permeable cylindrical wall, containing at least a first catalyst and a second catalyst, wherein the second catalyst has a finer particle size than the first catalyst, and wherein the first catalyst forms a layer of catalyst adjacent to and in contact with said collector. 122-. (canceled)23. A catalytic reactor , comprising:a catalytic bed suitable for a chemical reaction of conversion of a gaseous charge into a gaseous product, said catalytic bed having an annular-cylindrical geometry, said catalytic bed including at least one collector made with a gas-permeable cylindrical wall;wherein said at least one collector includes at least one annular layer of a first granular material that includes a catalyst adapted to catalyse said reaction of conversion, and at least one annular layer of a second granular material;wherein the second granular material is coarser than the first granular material, the second granular material having a larger particle size than the first granular material;wherein said at least one collector includes an outlet collector and said layer of second granular material is adjacent to and in contact with said outlet collector, so that said layer of first granular material is separated from the collector by the layer of second granular material.24. The catalytic reactor according to claim 23 , wherein said outlet collector is an inner collector.25. The catalytic reactor according to claim 23 , further comprising:an outer collector and an inner collector;wherein said outer and inner collectors are cylindrical, coaxial, and gas-permeable;wherein said outer and inner collectors including two annular layers of said second granular material;wherein a first layer of said second granular material is in contact with the outer collector and a second layer of said second granular material is in contact with the ...

HORIZONTAL CATALYTIC REACTOR

Horizontal reactor () for catalytic reactions, comprising an outer cylindrical shell (), a catalytic bed () and heat exchange plates () immersed in said catalytic bed, parallel to each other and supplied with a heat exchange fluid; said reactor comprises a container () for said catalytic bed () and said plates (), said container is extractable slidably from said shell, by means of at least one linear guide () extended longitudinally with respect to said shell (). 112566. Horizontal reactor () for catalytic reactions , comprising a cylindrical outer shell () , at least one catalytic bed () and a plurality of heat exchange plates () immersed in said catalytic bed , the plates () being parallel to each other and supplied with a heat exchange fluid inside them , characterized in that:{'b': 7', '5', '6', '7', '31', '32', '45', '2, 'the reactor comprises a container () which contains said catalytic bed () and said plates (), said container () being slidably extractable from said shell, by means of at least one first linear guide (, , ) extended longitudinally with respect to said shell ().'}272. Reactor according to claim 1 , said container () being extractable from the shell () up to an extracted position claim 1 , and said shell comprising at least one second guide for inclining the container starting from said extracted position.3192. Reactor according to claim 2 , said container being inclinable starting from a position extracted from the shell claim 2 , on at least one second overturning guide () which extends along a circumferential arc of said shell ().47. Reactor according to or claim 2 , wherein said container () is extractable in a direction of extraction parallel to a longitudinal axis (A-A) of the reactor claim 2 , and is inclinable with a rotation (B) with respect to an axis of rotation parallel to claim 2 , or coincident with claim 2 , said direction.57. Reactor according to one of to claim 2 , said container () being able to be overturned by at least 180 ...

Annular Catalyst Carrier Container For Use In A Tubular Reactor

A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor, said catalyst carrier comprising: a container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface; a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface; a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall; said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal. 1. A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor , said catalyst carrier comprising:a container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface;a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface;a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall;said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal.2. The catalyst carrier according to comprising:an annular container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a perforated inner container wall defining an inner channel, a perforated outer container wall, a top surface closing the annular container and a bottom surface closing the annular container;a surface closing the bottom of said inner channel formed by the inner container wall of the annular container.3. The catalyst carrier according to comprising a cap closing the inner channel formed by the perforated inner container wall claim 2 , said cap including one or more apertures.4. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the carrier outer wall is smooth or shaped.5. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the apertures in the carrier outer wall are slots.6. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the wall material is left partially attached to the carrier wall when the apertures are formed.7. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the attached material is configured to induce direction for the fluid flow.8. The catalyst carrier ...

Apparatus for a Radial-Flow Reactor and Method for Assembly Thereof

An apparatus for a radial-flow reactor according to various approaches includes a catalyst transfer pipe having an inwardly tapered end portion. According to various approaches, a catalyst transfer port of the reactor may include a centering device having an upper tapered surface for facilitating assembly of the reactor. A method according to various aspects includes assembling a radial-flow reactor by installing a catalyst transfer pipe through a catalyst transfer port.

SLOTTED PLATE SCALLOPS

An apparatus in a radial reactor is described. The apparatus comprises a vertically elongated conduit extending around a circumference of an outer wall of the radial reactor, a vertically oriented cylindrical center pipe in the radial reactor, and a catalyst bed. The conduit comprises an inner face and an outer face and a pair of opposing sides. The inner face has a plurality of slots. The pair of opposing sides have a plurality of slots. There is a riser at a top of the vertically elongated conduit. The catalyst bed is defined by the center pipe and the inner face. 1. An apparatus in a radial reactor comprising:a vertically elongated conduit extending around a circumference of an outer wall of the radial reactor, the conduit comprising an inner face and an outer face and a pair of opposing sides, the inner face having a plurality of slots therein, the pair of opposing sides having a plurality of openings therein, and a riser at one end of the vertically elongated conduit;a vertically oriented cylindrical center pipe in the radial reactor; anda catalyst bed defined by the center pipe and the inner face.2. The apparatus of further comprising:at least one stiffener extending from the inner face to the outer face.3. The apparatus of wherein the at least one stiffener extends vertically less than a height of the vertically elongated conduit.4. The apparatus of wherein the at least one stiffener extends vertically from a bottom of the vertically elongated conduit to a location below a top of the vertically elongated conduit claim 2 , the location being a distance in a range of one half to twice a distance between the inner face and the center pipe.5. The apparatus of wherein the plurality of slots extend substantially across the inner face without interruption.6. The apparatus of wherein the plurality of slots are divided into at least two columns of slots separated by a solid portion of the inner face.7. The apparatus of wherein the inner face has more slots than the ...

Hydroprocessing Reactor to Lower Pressure Drop and Extend Catalyst Life

A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product. 1. A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks comprising:a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel, the interior being defined by an interior wall of the reactor vessel;a distributor assembly located below and in fluid communication with the inlet for discharging the feedstock radially outward towards the interior walls of the reactor vessel;a basket located within the reactor vessel interior and below the distributor assembly, the basket having a fluid permeable outer wall and a first fluid permeable inner wall that is spaced radially inward from the outer wall to define a first annular interior space of the basket, the first annular interior space of the basket containing a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock, the outer wall of the basket being spaced radially inward from the interior wall of the reactor vessel to define an annular flow space between the outer wall of the basket and the interior wall of the reactor vessel, and wherein feedstocks introduced into the reactor vessel from the distributor assembly flow through the annular flow space and radially inward through the first annular interior space of the basket and through the particulate material to facilitate removal of contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock, the first fluid ...

WALL FOR CATALYTIC BEDS OF REACTORS AND METHOD FOR REALIZING THE SAME

Catalytic chemical reactor comprising a perforated wall () adjacent to a supporting wall of the reactor or of a catalytic cartridge contained in the reactor, wherein said perforated wall comprises a plurality of panels () and comprises first sectors () resting on the supporting wall and second sectors () spaced from said supporting wall defining a cavity (), and wherein means are provided for local securing said gas-permeable wall to said supporting wall, said securing means comprising: a plurality of support elements () fixed to the supporting wall () and passing through respective openings () of the first sectors () of the gas-permeable wall and a respective plurality of locking elements () which can be associated with the said support elements, the panels of the gas-permeable wall being gripped between said supporting wall and said locking elements. 1. A catalytic chemical reactor comprising a catalytic bed and a gas-permeable wall facing the catalytic bed , wherein:said gas-permeable wall is an assembly of a plurality of panels and each of said panels extends over an angular sector of said permeable wall;the gas-permeable wall comprises first wall sectors which bear against a supporting wall adjacent to the gas permeable wall, and second wall sectors which are spaced from said supporting wall, the first sectors and the second sectors alternating with each other along the circumferential extension of the permeable wall;wherein said supporting wall is cylindrical or substantially cylindrical,wherein said second wall sectors comprise passages for a gas;the reactor further comprising local securing means of said gas-permeable wall to said supporting wall, said securing means comprising:a plurality of supports firmly fixed to the supporting wall and passing through respective openings of the first sectors of the gas-permeable wall;a respective plurality of locking elements which can be associated with said supports, the panels of the gas-permeable wall being clamped ...

REACTORS AND SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C compounds. 129.-. (canceled)30. A method for producing hydrocarbon compounds including two or more carbon atoms (C compounds) , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2+', '4, '(a) performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction in an OCM reactor to produce an OCM effluent comprising carbon dioxide (CO), hydrogen (H), one or more C compounds, and methane (CH);'}{'sub': 2+', '2', '2', '4, '(b) separating the OCM effluent into (i) a first stream comprising at least some of the one or more C compounds and (ii) a second stream comprising carbon monoxide (CO), CO, H, and CH;'}{'sub': 4', '2', '2, '(c) methanating the second stream to produce a first OCM reactor feed comprising CHformed from the Hand CO and/or COin the second stream;'}{'sub': 4', '2', '4, '(d) methanating a third stream comprising CHand Hto produce a second OCM reactor feed comprising CH, which third stream is from an ethylene cracker; and'}(e) directing the first and second OCM reactor feeds to the OCM reactor.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the second stream and the third stream are methanated in a single methanation reactor.32. The method of claim 30 , further comprising providing at least a portion of the first stream to the ethylene cracker.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the at least the portion of the first stream is provided to a gas compressor or a fractionation unit of the ethylene cracker.34. The method of claim 30 , wherein the third stream is the overhead stream of a demethanizer unit of ...

REACTORS AND SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C compounds. 110.-. (canceled)11. A method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds) , comprising:(a) mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen, wherein said third gas stream has a composition that is selected such that at most 5% of said oxygen in said gas stream auto-ignites; and{'sub': '2+', '(b) performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction in an OCM reactor containing an OCM catalyst using said third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C compounds,'}wherein mixing the first gas stream comprising methane with the second gas stream comprising oxygen is performed upstream of the OCM reactor.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the third gas stream has a composition that is selected such that at most 1% of said oxygen in said third gas stream auto-ignites.13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the third gas stream has a composition that is selected such that at most 0.1% of said oxygen in said third gas stream auto-ignites.14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the third gas stream has a composition that is selected such that substantially no oxygen in said third gas stream auto-ignites.15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising separating said product stream into at least a fourth stream and a fifth stream claim 11 , wherein said fourth stream has a lower C concentration ...

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active. 1. A method of removing contaminants from a contaminated process stream comprising:a) providing a plurality of randomly packed reticulated elements within a process unit, wherein the reticulated elements are sized such that there is a significant and varied void space therebetween, and wherein the entire depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements is capable of filtering contaminants from the process stream; and(b) contacting the contaminated process stream with the reticulated elements to filter contaminants from the contaminated process stream on a surface of the reticulated elements while allowing the process stream to pass through the significant and varied void space between the reticulated elements to produce a substantially decontaminated process stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of disk-shaped elements.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the disk-shaped elements have a diameter of about 11/2 inches.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of monoliths.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the monoliths have a width and a length of about 11/2 inches.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Selective Poisoning of Aromatization Catalysts to Increase Catalyst Activity and Selectivity

Spent aromatization catalysts containing a transition metal and a catalyst support are selectively poisoned in the disclosed reforming methods, resulting in improvements in overall aromatics yield and selectivity.

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method for removing contaminants from a process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active. 1. A method of removing contaminants from a contaminated process stream comprising:a) providing a plurality of randomly packed reticulated elements within a process unit, wherein the reticulated elements are sized such that there is a significant and varied void space therebetween, and wherein the entire depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements is capable of filtering contaminants from the process stream; and(b) contacting the contaminated process stream with the reticulated elements to filter contaminants from the contaminated process stream on a surface of the reticulated elements while allowing the process stream to pass through the significant and varied void space between the reticulated elements to produce a substantially decontaminated process stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of disk-shaped elements.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reticulated elements comprise a plurality of monoliths.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements within the process unit is at least six inches.56. The method of claim claim 1 , wherein the depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements ...

FIXED BED RADIAL FLOW REACTOR FOR LIGHT PARAFFIN CONVERSION

Systems and methods are provided for conversion of light paraffinic gases to form liquid products in a process performed in a fixed bed radial-flow reactor. The light paraffins can correspond to C paraffins. Examples of liquid products that can be formed include C-Caromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The fixed bed radial-flow reactor can allow for improved control over the reaction conditions for paraffin conversion in spite of the fixed bed nature of the reactor. This can allow the process to operate with improved efficiency while reducing or minimizing the complexity of operation relative to non-fixed bed reactor systems. 1. A fixed bed radial flow reactor , comprising:an outer annular volume defined by an interior of a reactor wall and an exterior of a gas-permeable catalyst bed wall, the interior of the reactor wall defining an outer annular radius R1;a central volume defined by the interior of a gas-permeable central column wall and a column cap, the interior of the central column wall defining a column radius R3;an inner annular volume defined by an interior of the catalyst bed wall, an exterior of the central column wall, an inner annular top, and an inner annular bottom, the interior of the catalyst bed wall defining an inner annular radius R2, the inner annular volume comprising a catalyst bed, the inner annular volume being in direct fluid communication with the outer annular volume through the catalyst bed wall, the inner annular volume being in direct fluid communication with the central volume through the central column;{'sub': 'P,e', 'a plurality of catalyst particles in the catalyst bed, the catalyst particles comprising an equivalent particle diameter d; and'}a first reactor opening and a second reactor opening, the first reactor opening being in fluid communication with the outer annular volume, the second reactor opening being in fluid communication with the central volume,{'sub': 'P,e', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'i': C*d', '≤R', 'R', ...

ANNULAR CATALYST CARRIER CONTAINER FOR USE IN A TUBULAR REACTOR

In a catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor, the catalyst carrier includes a container for holding catalyst in use. The container has a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface. A carrier outer wall extends from the bottom surface to the top surface. A seal extends from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall. The carrier outer wall has apertures located below the seal. 1. A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor , said catalyst carrier comprising:a container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface;a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface;a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall;said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal.2. A catalyst carrier according to comprising:an annular container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a perforated inner container wall defining an inner channel, a perforated outer container wall, a top surface closing the annular container and a bottom surface closing the annular container;a surface closing the bottom of said inner channel formed by the inner container wall of the annular container.3. A catalyst carrier according to comprising a cap closing the inner channel formed by the perforated inner container wall claim 2 , said cap including one or more apertures.4. A catalyst carrier according to wherein the carrier outer wall is smooth or shaped.5. A catalyst carrier according to wherein the apertures in the carrier outer wall are slots.6. A catalyst carrier according to wherein the wall material is left partially attached to the carrier wall when the apertures are formed.7. A catalyst carrier according to wherein the attached material is configured to induce direction for the fluid flow.8. A catalyst carrier according to additionally ...

Cylindrical Wall for Filtering Solid Particles in a Fluid

A cylindrical wall () for filtering solid particles in a fluid, through which this fluid is likely to circulate, this wall comprising: 113.-. (canceled)14. A cylindrical wall for filtering solid particles in a fluid , through which this fluid is likely to circulate , this wall comprising:a perforated cylinder extending in a longitudinal direction, the cylinder being produced from at least one perforated plate,a grating assembly, of generally cylindrical form, intended to be in contact with the solid particles, the grating assembly and the perforated cylinder being concentric, the grating assembly comprising at least one grating element, the grating element comprising a plurality of wires each extending in the longitudinal direction, andmeans for assembling the at least one grating element so as to form the grating assembly of generally cylindrical form, the assembly means being arranged to ensure fixing of the at least one grating element on the perforated plate that can be dismantled.15. The wall as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the assembly means are arranged to be able to be themselves installed on the perforated cylinder so as to be able to be dismantled.16. The wall as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the assembly means comprise a rod intended to be introduced into or through a perforated plate of the perforated cylinder.17. The wall as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the assembly means being arranged to ensure a dismantlable fixing of at least one grating element on the perforated cylinder claim 14 , the assembly means defining at least one cavity to receive at least a portion of at least one grating element end edge.18. The wall as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the assembly means comprise at least one retention portion intended to cover the end edge of the grating element received in the corresponding cavity claim 17 , characterized in that the assembly means are arranged so that the retention portion exerts a pressure against the end edge in order to press the ...

Annular Catalyst Carrier Container For Use In A Tubular Reactor

A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor, said catalyst carrier comprising: a container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface; a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface; a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall; said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal. 1. A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor , said catalyst carrier comprising:a container for holding a monolith catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface;a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface;a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall;said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal.2. The catalyst carrier according to comprising feet on the bottom surface such that claim 1 , in use claim 1 , the monolith catalyst is supported on the feet and there is a gap between the bottom of the monolith catalyst and the bottom surface of the container.3. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the top surface is an annulus which extends over at least a portion of the monolith catalyst and to the carrier outer wall.4. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the monolith catalyst has a channel extending longitudinally therethrough.5. The catalyst carrier according to claim 4 , wherein the channel is located on a central axis of the monolith catalyst such that the monolith catalyst is of annular cross-section.6. The catalyst carrier according to claim 4 , wherein the top surface extends over the monolith but leaves the channel uncovered.7. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the carrier outer wall is smooth or shaped.8. The catalyst carrier according to wherein the apertures in the carrier outer wall are slots.9. The catalyst ...

Optimized Reactor Configuration for Optimal Performance of the Aromax Catalyst for Aromatics Synthesis

A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising a first reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first reactor is configured to operate as an adiabatic reactor, and wherein the first reactor comprises a first naphtha reforming catalyst; and a second reactor comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second inlet is in fluid communication with the first outlet of the first reactor, wherein the second reactor is configured to operate as an isothermal reactor, and wherein the second reactor comprises a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace, a heat source configured to heat the interior of the reactor furnace; and a second naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes, wherein the first naphtha reforming catalyst and the second naphtha reforming catalyst are the same or different.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING FLOW IN RADIAL FLOW REACTOR

A radial flow distribution system, a radial flow reactor, and components thereof, including one or more of a scallop, center pipe, and/or outer basket. Each of the scallop, the center pipe, and the outer basket has openings formed therein. wherein the sizes or the shapes of the openings vary along the length or the width of the reactor components such that the openings define a pattern in configured to manipulate and optimize the distribution of flow of feedstock out of the components and through the reactor to maximize the efficiency of the catalyst reaction thereof. 1. A scallop for use in a radial flow reactor , comprising:an elongated flow distribution conduit having a top end and an opposing bottom end, a length extending between the top and bottom ends, opposing sides, and a width extending between the opposing sides;a plurality of openings formed in the conduit through a thickness thereof, each of the plurality of openings having a size and a shape,wherein the sizes or the shapes of the plurality of openings vary along the length or the width of the conduit such that the plurality of openings define a pattern in the conduit configured to manipulate and optimize the distribution of flow of feedstock out of the scallop and through the reactor to maximize the efficiency of the catalyst reaction thereof.2. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the sizes of the plurality of openings vary along the length and the width of the conduit.3. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the shapes of the plurality of openings vary along the length and the width of the conduit.4. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the sizes and the shapes of the plurality of openings vary along the length of the conduit.5. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the sizes and the shapes of the plurality of openings vary along the width of the conduit.6. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the sizes and the shapes of the plurality of openings vary along the length and width of the conduit.7. The scallop of claim 1 , ...

Process for removing foulants from reactor internal spaces

A process for cleaning a reactor, the reactor comprising a shell including catalyst for selectively converting hydrocarbons. The process includes removing catalyst from the reactor and deploying a robot into the reactor. A cleaner from the robot is applied onto a surface within the shell of the reactor that includes a foulant. The cleaner is adapted to remove the foulant from the surface within the shell of the reactor. The cleaner may be one of light radiation, heat radiation, ultra-high pressure fluid, and liquid nitrogen.

REACTOR COMPRISING RADIALLY PLACED COOLING PLATES AND METHODS OF USING SAME

A reactor for hydrocarbon production that separates wax reaction products from lightweight gaseous reaction products. The reactor has a housing, a catalyst bed, a product recovery zone, and a stripping zone. The catalyst bed can be provided in multi-tubular and other fixed bed configurations. The stripping zone receives light-weight gas reaction products from the product recovery zone, while a gas outlet of the housing receives non-lightweight gaseous hydrocarbon reaction products from the product recovery zone. A wax outlet of the housing receives wax products from the product recovery zone. 1. A reactor for producing a desired product , comprising:a housing having an outer portion, a central portion, and a longitudinal axis passing through the central portion, the outer portion being radially spaced from the central portion, the housing defining a circumferential coolant inlet channel within the outer portion of the housing; and a circumferential coolant outlet channel within the central portion of the housing, the coolant inlet channel being configured to receive at least one coolant material; anda plurality of coolant plates circumferentially spaced within the housing, wherein each coolant plate of the plurality of coolant plates extends radially between the coolant inlet channel and the coolant outlet channel, wherein each coolant plate defines a plurality of radial coolant channels that extend radially between, and in fluid communication with, the coolant inlet channel and the coolant outlet channel, and wherein the plurality of radial coolant channels are spaced apart relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing.2. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein each coolant plate comprises a plurality of adjoined plate segments claim 1 , and wherein each plate segment defines a corresponding radial coolant channel.3. The reactor of claim 2 , wherein each respective plate segment of each coolant plate is welded to its adjoining plate segments.4. The reactor of claim 1 , ...

REACTORS AND SYSTEMS FOR OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C compounds. 1. A process for production of hydrocarbons , the process comprising the steps of:{'sub': 4', '2, 'converting at least a feed stream comprising methane (CH) and oxygen (O) feed into a conversion effluent by oxidative coupling of methane (OCM);'}withdrawing one or more product streams from said conversion effluent by at least one product retrieval stage;recycling at least a portion of said remaining conversion effluent as a recycle stream in a recycle loop, said recycle loop comprising a hydrogenation stage and a methanation stage; andadding at least part of said recycle stream to said feed stream.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said recycle loop further comprises a COaddition stage.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein COis added upstream said methanation step at said COaddition stage and/or directly into said methanation unit.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein HO is at least partially removed upstream and/or downstream one or more of said product retrieval steps.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said recycle loop comprises a pre-methanation step.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein CO claim 1 , COis pre-methanated and/or higher alkanes are reformed in said pre-methanation step.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said pre-methanation step is carried out at T<400° C. or >400° C.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of effluent from said pre-methanation is recycled to upstream said pre- ...

Reactors for separating wax products from lightweight gaseous products of a reaction

A reactor for hydrocarbon production that separates wax reaction products from lightweight gaseous reaction products. The reactor has a housing, a catalyst bed, a product recovery zone, and a stripping zone. The catalyst bed can be provided in multi-tubular and other fixed bed configurations. The stripping zone receives light-weight gas reaction products from the product recovery zone, while a gas outlet of the housing receives non-lightweight gaseous hydrocarbon reaction products from the product recovery zone. A wax outlet of the housing receives wax products from the product recovery zone.

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR CATALYZED REACTIONS CARRIED OUT IN A TUBULAR REACTOR

In a reactor tube in which a plurality of catalyst carriers are disposed, each catalyst carrier is an annular container having a perforated inner wall defining a tube, a perforated outer wall, a top surface closing the annular container and a bottom surface closing the annular container. A surface closes the bottom of the tube and a skirt extends upwardly from the perforated outer wall of the annular container from a position at or near the bottom surface of the container. A seal is located at or near the top surface and extends outward from the container beyond an outer edge of the skirt. The reactor tube additionally includes a temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature in two or more catalyst carriers within the reactor tube. 1. A reactor tube comprising a plurality of catalyst carriers , each of said catalyst carriers comprising:an annular container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a perforated inner wall defining a tube, a perforated outer wall, a top surface closing the annular container and a bottom surface closing the annular container;a surface closing the bottom of said tube formed by the inner wall of the annular container;a skirt extending upwardly from the perforated outer wall of the annular container from a position at least one of at and near the bottom surface of said container, the skirt having a circumferential outer edge;a seal located at or near the top surface and extending outward from the container beyond the circumferential outer edge of the skirt, the skirt extending upward to a position below the seal;characterised in that the reactor tube additionally includes a temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature in two or more of said catalyst carriers; said temperature measuring device being located at least one of between the catalyst carrier outer wall and the skirt, external of the skirt and in the interior space of the annular container.2. The reactor tube according to wherein ...

Scallop assembly and reactor

A radial flow reactor is described. It includes a vertically extending vessel, an outer conduit, and a central conduit. At least a portion of the outer conduit and the central conduit comprises a screen. A particle retaining space is defined by at least one of the vessel, the central conduit, and the outer conduit, and it communicates with the screen of the outer conduit and the central conduit. An inlet distribution ring is positioned on the outer conduit. The inlet distribution ring comprises a ring having at least one opening and at least one vertically extending riser tube. One end of the riser tube is sealed to the ring, and the other end is positioned inside the outer conduit.

METHOD FOR REALIZING INTERNAL WALLS OF CATALYTIC REACTORS

Reactor () for catalytic chemical reactions, comprising: a partially open outer vessel () comprising a manhole () for accessing to the interior, and at least one internal wall () comprising a plurality of panels () assembled inside the vessel () so as to form said wall (); the panels are flexible and deformable so that they may be inserted through said manhole (), and the resulting wall () is not self-supporting and rests against a load-bearing wall () of the reactor. 112630315. Reactor () for catalytic chemical reactions , comprising: a partially open outer vessel () comprising a manhole () for accessing to the interior , inlet and outlet openings ( , ) for inlet and outlet , respectively , of reagents and reaction products , and at least one internal wall () , characterized in that:{'b': 5', '1', '5', '2', '5', '2', '5', '6', '30', '31', '5', '7, 'i': 'n', 'said at least one wall comprises a plurality of panels (., ., . . . .), which are assembled inside the vessel () to form said wall (), the panels being flexible and deformable so as to allow their insertion through said manhole () and/or through at least one of said inlet and outlet openings (, ), and the resulting wall () being non self-supporting and resting on a load-bearing wall () of the reactor.'}2. Reactor according to claim 1 , wherein:{'b': 3', '7, 'the reactor comprises a catalyst cartridge () which contains a catalyst bed with radial or axial-radial through-flow, and which comprises a load-bearing external wall ();'}{'b': 5', '7, 'said at least one non self-supporting internal wall is a single-wall outer collector () of the catalyst bed, and said load-bearing wall () is a wall of the catalyst cartridge.'}31257. Reactor according to or claim 1 , characterized in that the panels are shaped with crests or ribs () directed parallel to the reactor axis and defining lines of bearing contact of the internal wall () against the load-bearing wall ().4125713. Reactor according to and claim 1 , wherein the ...

System and Process for Making Cyclohexylbenzene

A system for making cyclohexylbenzene starting from benzene and hydrogen includes a first benzene preparation column, a hydroalkylation reactor, a dehydrogenation reactor, a second distillation column for cyclohexylbenzene separation, a third distillation column for cyclohexylbenzene purification, a transalkylation reactor, and a fourth distillation column for separating cyclohexylbenzene from transalkylation effluent. All components are integrated to achieve a high-purity cyclohexylbenzene product produced with a high yield and high overall energy efficiency. 1. A system for producing cyclohexylbenzene from benzene and hydrogen , the system comprising:(A) a first distillation column configured to receive a benzene feed and to produce a first bottom effluent comprising components having higher boiling points than benzene, a first middle effluent consisting essentially of benzene, and a first upper effluent comprising water, hydrogen and other components having lower boiling points than benzene;(B) a hydroalkylation device configured to produce a hydroalkylation production mixture comprising benzene, cyclohexane and cyclohexylbenzene, the device comprising a first hydroalkylation reactor, a second hydroalkylation reactor connected in series with the first hydroalkylation reactor and a first heat exchanger in between, wherein:the first hydroalkylation reactor comprises a first hydroalkylation catalyst bed, is in fluid communication with the first distillation column, and is configured to receive (i) at least a portion of the first middle effluent and (ii) hydrogen at a location in the vicinity of the top thereof, to allow the reaction medium to travel downwards through the first hydroalkylation catalyst bed, and to produce a first hydroalkylation effluent at a location in the vicinity of the bottom thereof;the first heat exchanger is configured to cool the first hydroalkylation effluent; andthe second hydroalkylation reactor comprises a second hydroalkylation catalyst ...

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active. 1. A process unit assembly comprising a process unit having a plurality of reticulated elements disposed therewithin , the reticulated elements having a plurality of web members formed therein that define a plurality of flow passageways through the reticulated elements and a size such that there is a significant and varied void space between the reticulated elements in the process unit , the reticulated elements being capable of receiving a contaminated process stream on a surface thereof and enhancing filtration of contaminants from the contaminated process stream to produce a substantially decontaminated process stream when the contaminated process stream passes through the flow passageways and the significant and varied void space , wherein the process unit contains a bed of catalyst material , and wherein the pressure drop within the process vessel remains low for a predictable period of time based on the level of contaminants in the process stream and the amount of the reticulated elements provided in the process unit , and wherein the reticulated elements in the process unit are provided in an amount such that during operations , the bed of catalyst material can be exhausted before the ...

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active. 1. A method of removing contaminants from a contaminated process stream comprising:a) providing a plurality of reticulated elements within a process unit, wherein the reticulated elements are sized such that there is a significant and varied void space therebetween, and wherein the entire depth of the randomly packed reticulated elements is capable of filtering contaminants from the process stream; and(b) contacting the contaminated process stream with the reticulated elements to filter contaminants from the contaminated process stream on a surface of the reticulated elements while allowing the process stream to pass through the significant and varied void space between the reticulated elements to produce a substantially decontaminated process stream,wherein the reticulated elements are randomly packed in one or more layers extending along the interior of the process unit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers span the extent of the process unit.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reticulated elements have a pore size in the range of about 2.5 millimeters to about 100 microns and are capable of filtering contaminants from the contaminated process stream down to about 1 ...

SEPARATION METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR PROCESS STREAMS IN COMPONENT SEPARATION UNITS

A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials. 1. A process unit assembly comprising:a vessel having at least one bed with a plurality of stochastic three-dimensional cellular solid materials packed therein, the cellular solid materials having:a catalyst coating applied thereon that is capable of reacting with one or more contaminants in a process stream introduced into the bed;a pore size in the range of about 100 microns to about 6,000 microns; anda contact surface with a surface area upon which two or more phases from the process stream can be contacted to facilitate mass transfer between the two or more phases,wherein the phases comprise a liquid phase, a vapor phase or combinations thereof.2. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the mass transfer between the phases facilitates contaminants removal from the process streams within the vessel.3. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the cellular solid materials are randomly packed within the vessel.4. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the contaminants comprise polymer precursors.5. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the contaminants comprise salts.6. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst coating comprises an alumina material.7. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst coating comprises a Group VI-B or Group VIII metal.8. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the vessel further contains catalyst.9. The process unit assembly of claim 1 , wherein ...

Fixed bed or moving bed reactors with a radial flow of process stream to be treated, comprising improved internals

The present invention concerns reactors with a radial flow of process stream to be treated comprising improved internals which can be used to minimize the catalytic zones which do not receive any of the process stream which is to be treated. The invention also concerns the use of these radial flow reactors in refining or petrochemical processes.

REACTOR FOR CARRYING OUT HETEROGENEOUSLY CATALYSED GAS PHASE REACTIONS, AND USE OF THE REACTOR

The invention relates to a reactor for carrying out heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase reactions, having an internal element () or a plurality of internal elements () which are arranged in succession in the flow direction of the gas mixture of the heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase reaction through the reactor (), where the internal elements extend over the entire reactor cross section, wherein the one or more internal elements () is/are at least partly made of a fiber composite ceramic material. 117.-. (canceled)18. A reactor for carrying out heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase reactions , having an internal element or a plurality of internal elements which are arranged in succession in the flow direction of the gas mixture of the heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase reaction through the reactor , where the internal elements extend over the entire reactor cross section , wherein the one or more internal elements are at least partly made of a fiber composite ceramic material , where the fiber composite ceramic material is composed of a ceramic matrix in which ceramic fibers are embedded.19. The reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the one or more internal elements comprise internal elements for accommodating a heterogeneous catalyst and optionally additional quiescent elements through which the reaction gas does not flow and which do not comprise any catalyst material.20. The reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the ceramic matrix and/or the ceramic fibers are composed of an oxide ceramic.21. The reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the reactor is designed for carrying out heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase reactions at reaction temperatures of 600-1500° C.22. The reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the reactor has a cylindrical reactor wall.23. The reactor according to claim 18 , wherein the reactor cross section in the regions in which the one or more internal elements are arranged is greater than 0.25 m claim 18 , with the maximum reactor cross ...

HEAT INTEGRATED REFORMER WITH CATALYTIC COMBUSTION FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

A heat integrated steam reformer, which incorporates a catalytic combustor, which can be used in a fuel processor for hydrogen production from a fuel source, is described. The reformer assembly comprises a reforming section and a combustion section, separated by a wall. Catalyst () able to induce the reforming reactions is placed in the reforming section, either in the form of pellets or in the form of coating on a suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheets. Catalyst () able to induce the combustion reactions is placed in the combustion section in the form of coating on suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheet. A steam and fuel mixture () is supplied to the reforming section () where it is reformed to produce hydrogen. A fuel and an oxygen () containing gas mixture is supplied to the combustion section where it is catalytically combusted to supply the heat for the reformer. The close placement of the combustion and reforming catalysts facilitate efficient heat transfer. Multiple such assemblies can be bundled to form reactors of any size. The reactor made of this closely packed combustion and reforming sections is very compact. 110-. (canceled)11. An integrated steam reformer/combustor assembly for use in a fuel processing system that supplies a steam and a reformer fuel mixture to a reformer to produce a reformate of primarily hydrogen , the assembly comprising:a multitude of tubular sections where an inside of each tubular section is a combustor and an internal wall of each tube is contacted with a structured catalyst support coated with a catalyst to induce combustion reactions in the combustor,a. at least two tube sheets supporting and spacing the multitude of tubular sections;b. a cylindrical wall enclosing the multitude of tubular sections which are connected to the tube sheets and having flow passages for feeding reforming reactants and removing reforming products and containing a reforming catalyst in close contact ...

Hydroprocessing Reactor to Lower Pressure Drop and Extend Catalyst Life

A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product. 1. A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks comprising:a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel, the interior being defined by an interior wall of the reactor vessel;a distributor assembly located below and in fluid communication with the inlet for discharging the feedstock radially outward towards the interior walls of the reactor vessel;a basket located within the reactor vessel interior and below the distributor assembly, the basket having a fluid permeable outer wall and a first fluid permeable inner wall that is spaced radially inward from the outer wall to define a first annular interior space of the basket, the first annular interior space of the basket containing a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock, the outer wall of the basket being spaced radially inward from the interior wall of the reactor vessel to define an annular flow space between the outer wall of the basket and the interior wall of the reactor vessel, and wherein feedstocks introduced into the reactor vessel from the distributor assembly flow through the annular flow space and radially inward through the first annular interior space of the basket and through the particulate material to facilitate removal of contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock, the first fluid ...

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C2+ compounds.

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C 2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C 2+ compounds.

Catalytic reactor

Catalytic reactor

Catalytic reactor

利用超重力反应器进行费托合成的方法

Catalytic reactor

Catalytic reforming process and reactor

PCT No. PCT/EP94/02932 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 28, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 28, 1996 PCT Filed Sep. 2, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO96/07712 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 14, 1996The invention relates to a process for producing petrol of high octane number by catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons by passing these hydrocarbons through a platinum/rhenium catalyst arranged in the form of a hollow cylinder at 450 DEG -500 DEG C. and a pressure of 1.5-3 MPa in a direction perpendicular to the cylinder axis, in which the feed mixture is passed through in the direction from the cylinder axis to the circumference thereof. The invention further relates to a reactor for carrying out the process mentioned, in particular as shown in FIG. 1.

Catalytic reactor

Reactor for exothermic or endothermic heterogeneous reactions

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials.

Separation method and assembly for process streams in component separation units

A method for removing contaminants from an process stream that includes the use of reticulated material to filter the process stream. The reticulated material also facilitate process stream flow distribution in process units. The reticulated material can be packed with a void space between a substantial number of the reticulated material that can be varied to enhance filtration and flow distribution. The method of filtering also provides a method of removing contaminants leaving process equipment. The methods can be used on a variety of process streams and process equipment. The reticulated material can include ceramics, metallic materials, and chemical vapor deposition elements. The reticulated material can be of various shapes and sizes, and can also be catalytically active.

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C2+ compounds.

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C 2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C 2+ compounds.

Reactors and systems for oxidative coupling of methane

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C 2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C 2+ compounds.

Oxidation process and reactor with modified feed system

In an oxidation process in a shell and tube reactor ( 10 ), an improvement is disposing a short bed of packing material ( 30 ) about the tube ( 50 ) inlets. The short bed operates to direct contaminants derived from heat exchange media away from the headspace ( 20 ) and thus prevents formation of combustible gas mixtures.

Catalytic reactor

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a catalytic reactor suitable for exothermic reactions with radial flow of process fluid and fluid flow guides. Catalytic reactor comprises a reactor housing with a container adapted to contain a catalyst layer, a central channel of the process fluid and a remote channel of the process fluid, which are arranged inside the reactor housing, wherein central channel includes reagent input or product outlet a, respectively, remote channel of process fluid includes product outlet or reagent inlet and process fluid flow guide for flow direction from reagent input along first flow path in direction radially outward from reactor central axis to reactor housing and from reactor housing in direction radially inward to reactor central axis to product outlet, or along the second flow path in the direction radially inward to the central axis of the reactor, and then in the direction radially outward from the central axis of the reactor to the reactor housing and the product outlet, if viewed in reactor cross-section plane, in direction of process fluid flow guide, to product outlet, wherein process fluid flow guide has U-shape or V-shape in reactor section and the remote channel of the process fluid is located inside the V-shaped or U-shaped form of the process fluid flow guide, and wherein the process fluid flow guide is configured to cool the catalyst layer. EFFECT: invention provides higher flow rate, improved cooling of catalyst layer, higher coefficient of heat exchange, better distribution of flow and fewer points of overheating, and fewer pipelines. 10 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 716 797 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01J 8/02 (2020.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018105603, 30.06.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ХАЛЬДОР ТОПСЁЭ А/С (DK) Дата регистрации: 16.03.2020 ...

Dehydrogenation Process at Reduced Hydrogen to Hydrocarbon Ratio

탄화수소 공급원료의 탈수소화 공정이 개시된다. 이 공정은 통과당 수율의 감소 없이 더 높은 H 2 /HC 비 및 더 높은 RIT에서의 작동과 동일한 수준으로 코크스 생성을 유지하면서 더 낮은 H 2 /HC 비 및 더 낮은 RIT에서 실행될 수 있다. 0.01 내지 0.40의 범위 내의 낮은 수소 대 탄화수소 몰비 및 500℃ 내지 645℃ 범위의 반응기 입구 온도에서 공정을 작동시킬 때, 허용가능한 수준의 코크스가 달성되었다. A process for the dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon feedstock is disclosed. The process can be run at lower H 2 /HC ratios and lower RITs while maintaining coke production at the same level as operating at higher H 2 /HC ratios and higher RITs without reducing yield per pass. An acceptable level of coke was achieved when the process was operated at a low hydrogen to hydrocarbon molar ratio in the range of 0.01 to 0.40 and at reactor inlet temperatures in the range of 500° C. to 645° C.

Reactor, especially for exothermic reactions

CATALYTIC REACTOR

一种颗粒物床层支撑格栅和径向流反应器

本发明涉及石油化工设备领域，具体提供一种颗粒物床层支撑格栅和径向流反应器。本发明的颗粒物床层支撑格栅为双层圆筒状结构，其包括沿径向设置的格栅筒、支撑杆、分布筒，以及端部的连接板，所述支撑杆位于格栅筒与分布筒之间，所述格栅筒是由V型丝网构成的圆形筒，所述分布筒整体呈圆筒形，且筒面具有波浪形结构并设置有通孔。该颗粒物床层支撑格栅能够使入口流体的流速分布更均匀；可减轻流体对V型丝网的冲击，延长V型丝网的使用寿命；还具有较高的承载能力和抵抗外压失稳能力，其适用于对流体分布均匀性要求较高、处理量大、床层装填量大、床层压力降要求严格的反应、吸附、干燥或净化等设备。

Process for the preparation of unsaturated halogen-containing hydrocarbons and device suitable therefor

Verfahren zur Herstellung ethylenisch ungesättigter halogenhaltiger aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe durch thermische Spaltung von gesättigten halogenhaltigen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen umfassend die Maßnahmen: a) Einleiten eines Eduktgasstroms enthaltend erhitzten gasförmigen halogenhaltigen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoff in einen Reaktor, in dessen Innenraum mindestens eine Zuleitung für ein Gas mündet, b) Einleiten eines erhitzten Gases, das durch thermische oder nicht-thermische Zersetzung von Spaltpromotoren gebildete Radikale enthält durch die mindestens eine in den Reaktor mündende Zuleitung, wobei das erhitzte Gas mindestens die Temperatur aufweist, die der an der Stelle der Mündung der Zuleitung herrschenden Temperatur des Eduktgasstroms im Reaktor entspricht, und c) Einstellen eines solchen Drucks und einer solchen Temperatur im Innern des Reaktors, so dass durch thermische Spaltung des halogenhaltigen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffs Halogenwasserstoff und ethylenisch ungesättigter halogenhaltiger aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoff gebildet werden, mit der Massgabe, dass die Radikalerzeugung durch thermische Zersetzung durch Erhitzen eines mit Inertgas verdünnten Spaltpromotoren enthaltenden Gases erfolgt. Process for the preparation of ethylenically unsaturated halogen-containing aliphatic hydrocarbons by thermal decomposition of saturated halogen-containing aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising the measures: a) introducing a reactant gas stream containing heated gaseous halogen-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon into a reactor in whose interior at least one feed line for a gas opens, b) introducing a heated gas which contains radicals formed by thermal or non-thermal decomposition of cleavage promoters through the at least one inlet opening into the reactor, wherein the heated gas has at least the temperature that prevails at the location of the mouth of the feed line temperature corresponds to the reactant gas stream in the reactor, and c) setting such ...

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ВИ“? 2018105603” АЗ Дата публикации: 12.11.2019 Форма № 18 ИЗ,ПМ-2011 Федеральная служба по интеллектуальной собственности Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение ж 5 «Федеральный институт промышленной собственности» (ФИПС) ОТЧЕТ О ПОИСКЕ 1. . ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ЗАЯВКИ Регистрационный номер Дата подачи 2018105603/05(008522) 30.06.2016 РСТ/ЕР2016/065239 30.06.2016 Приоритет установлен по дате: [ ] подачи заявки [ ] поступления дополнительных материалов от к ранее поданной заявке № [ ] приоритета по первоначальной заявке № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи первоначальной заявки № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи ранее поданной заявки № [Х] подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) в государстве-участнике Парижской конвенции (31) Номер первой(ых) заявки(ок) (32) Дата подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) (33) Код страны 1. РА 2015 00411 15.07.2015 ОК Название изобретения (полезной модели): [Х] - как заявлено; [ ] - уточненное (см. Примечания) КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ РЕАКТОР Заявитель: ХАЛЬДОР ТОПСЁЭ А/С, ОК 2. ЕДИНСТВО ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ [Х] соблюдено [ ] не соблюдено. Пояснения: см. Примечания 3. ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ: [Х] приняты во внимание все пункты (см. Примечания) [ ] приняты во внимание следующие пункты: [ ] принята во внимание измененная формула изобретения (см. Примечания) 4. КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ОБЪЕКТА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ (ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ) (Указываются индексы МПК и индикатор текущей версии) ВО1.] 5/02 (2006.01) 5. ОБЛАСТЬ ПОИСКА 5.1 Проверенный минимум документации РСТ (указывается индексами МПК) ВО11 8/00-8/46, ВО1У 19/00-19/32 5.2 Другая проверенная документация в той мере, в какой она включена в поисковые подборки: 5.3 Электронные базы данных, использованные при поиске (название базы, и если, возможно, поисковые термины): СТРО, СМТРА, РЕРАТ пе О\У/Р1, Е-Глбгагу, ЕАРАТЗУ, Езрасепе, С1оБа1 Без1еп РабаБазе, Соозе, Чоое Реп, /-Р]а Ра К-РТОМ, КТРВГ, РАТЕМТЗСОРЕ, Р55, РабзеагсВ, КОРТО, ОЗРТО, Уапдех, БД ВИНИТИ, НЭБ 6. ДОКУМЕНТЫ, ОТНОСЯЩИЕСЯ К ПРЕДМЕТУ ПОИСКА Кате- Наименование ...

Recirculating reactor

The invention provides a recirculating reactor for converting a substrate to a product. The reactor comprises a reaction chamber and a recirculation system, said recirculation system comprising a separator. The reaction chamber contains a catalyst, and comprises a chamber body, a chamber inlet and a chamber outlet. The recirculation system is adapted for recirculating liquid from the chamber outlet to the chamber inlet, and the separator is used for separating a by-product from the liquid.

Thin-bed reactor with static bed for chemical treatment of finely-ground solid catalyst

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to static thin-bed reactor to be used for recovery of Fischer-Tropsh synthesis catalyst. Thin-bed reactor with static 10-500 mm-thick bed is intended for treatment of solid particles sized to 30-100 mcm consists of the system of modules operated in parallel and enclosed in common shell making the reactor body. Note here that every module comprises partially porous casing surrounding every thin bed and provided with means of communication with reactor outer part to feed solid material therein and those to release materials therefrom, gaseous reagent diffuser, outlet flows collector, branch pipe to feed gaseous reagent into diffuser, branch pipe to collect reaction outflows, branch pipe to feed solid material into porous casing and branch pipe to released processed solid material therefrom. EFFECT: optimum regeneration of catalyst. 14 cl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 472 577 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/00 (2006.01) B01J 37/18 (2006.01) F26B 17/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010118328/05, 15.09.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 15.09.2008 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 03/001131 А1, 03.01.2003. RU 2192925 С2, 20.11.2002. US 5916531 А, 29.06.1999. WO 2005/009608 А1, 03.02.2005. 2 4 7 2 5 7 7 R U (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2008/001287 (15.09.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 11.05.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/071758 (11.06.2009) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" (54) ТОНКОСЛОЙНЫЙ РЕАКТОР С НЕПОДВИЖНЫМ СЛОЕМ ДЛЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ТОНКОИЗМЕЛЬЧЕННОГО ТВЕРДОГО КАТАЛИЗАТОРА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к неподвижному слойному реактору с тонкими слоями, предназначенному для применения в реакциях химической обработки, в частности для ...

Каталитический реактор для экзотермических процессов, протекающих в газ-твердой фазе с невысокой разностью температур

Method of implementation of the inside walls of catalytic reactors

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for performing the inner walls of catalytic reactors, in particular the implementation of an external collector of catalytic reactors with radial or radial-axial flow. Reactor includes: a partially open outer case that does not have openings with a diameter equal to its full diameter, and having openings and flanges with a diameter that is significantly smaller than its diameter, a hatch for access to the inside, inlet and outlet openings for input and output of reactants and reaction products, at least one inner wall and a cartridge with a catalyst, containing a catalyst bed and having a bearing outer wall, while the inner wall of the reactor is a single-layer outer collector of the catalyst layer, having a perforation and having a gas permeability, and the catalyst layer is limited to an internal collector and a single-layer external collector. External collector includes several panels mounted inside the housing for its formation and having flexibility and deformability so that they are inserted through the hatch and / or through one of the inlet and outlet openings, and does not have a self-supporting ability, and relies on the carrier wall of the cartridge. Collector panels have dimensions larger than the dimensions of the manhole and holes, and are made with the possibility of entering the reactor in an elastically deformed state and restoring its original non-deformed state after being introduced into the reactor.EFFECT: invention provides a simplification of the structure of the inner walls of partially open catalytic reactors, a reduction in the number of parts required for the manufacture of these walls, and a reduction in the labor costs associated with the execution of the corresponding welds.9 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 684 382 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/02 (2006.01) B01J 8/00 (2006.01) B01J 19/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ...

一种合成气合成混合醇的方法

本发明公开了一种合成气合成混合醇的方法，属于超重力技术领域。该方法是将各种来源的合成气在超重力环境和催化剂的共同作用下高效合成混合醇的方法，具体的说，就是提供一种利用超重力反应器选择性强化混合醇合成反应过程，显著提高混合醇产品选择性的方法。反应过程中催化剂床层以一定转速旋转，反应物料为煤基合成气、天然气基合成气、煤层气基合成气或生物质基合成气，超重力反应器的超重力水平为20-400g；温度为200℃-500℃，压力为10-120atm，合成气体积空速为100-100000h -1 。选择性地合成混合醇产品，本发明的方法具有定向生产混合醇产物，传质，传热性能好，催化剂寿命长的特点。

Способ и устройство для получения синтез-газа

1. Способ получения синтез-газа путем каталитического превращения метана посредством пропускания реагентов через неподвижный слой катализатора, отличающийся тем, что в качестве неподвижного слоя катализатора используют кольцевой слой катализатора, в котором реагенты пропускают от внутренней к наружной поверхности кольцевого слоя катализатора, в качестве реагентов используют смесь метана с газообразными реагентами, дополнительно содержащую продукты плазмохимического распада газообразных реагентов или их смеси, тепловой режим процесса обеспечивают путем смешивания продуктов плазмохимического распада со смесью метана с газообразными реагентами, а, по крайней мере, часть реагентов подают непосредственно в плазмохимическую зону.2. Способ получения синтез-газа по п.1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве газообразных реагентов используют углекислый газ или водяной пар или кислород.3. Реактор для получения синтез-газа путем каталитического превращения метана, включающий неподвижный слой катализатора и устройство нагрева реагентов и катализатора, отличающийся тем, что слой катализатора выполнен в форме кольца, в котором движение реагентов осуществляется от внутренней к наружной поверхности кольцевого слоя катализатора, устройство нагрева реагентов и катализатора выполнено в виде плазматрона, потребляющего рабочий газ и расположенного в центральной части реактора в плазмохимической зоне, имеющей огнеупорную термоизоляцию, между плазмохимической зоной и слоем катализатора расположена буферная зона, в которой происходит перемешивание реагентов и продуктов плазмохимического распада рабочего газа пла� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2013 138 470 A (51) МПК C01B 3/34 (2006.01) C01B 3/38 (2006.01) B01J 19/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2013138470/05, 18.02.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): Вощинин Сергей Александрович (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 18.02.2011 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.02. ...

Catalytic reactor with radial distribution of gaseous or liquid feedstock

<P>L'invention concerne un réacteur pour réactions chimiques faisant intervenir des gaz ou fluides au contact d'un lit de matières solides, avec circulation essentiellement radiale de ces gaz ou fluides. </P><P>Ce réacteur est caractérisé par le fait que la partie cylindrique du lit de matières solides est surmontée d'une zone réactive sensiblement hémisphérique perméable aux gaz ou fluides. </P><P>Application à la déshydrogénation catalytique des hydrocarbures.</P> The invention relates to a reactor for chemical reactions involving gases or fluids in contact with a solids bed, with essentially radial circulation of these gases or fluids. </ P> <P> This reactor is characterized in that the cylindrical portion of the solids bed is surmounted by a substantially hemispherical reactive zone permeable to gases or fluids. </ P> <P> Application to the catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons. </ P>

Catalytic reactor

Radial flow heat exchanging reactor

An isothermal reactor design uses interleaved layers of plate heat exchange elements to improve heat transfer in a radial flow arrangement that offers a simple and compact design for fluid flow and catalyst transfer.

Reactor for carrying out a reaction between two fluid educts on a catalyst bed with premixing of the fluid educts in a mixing device

Vorgeschlagen wird ein Reaktor (1) zur Durchführung einer Reaktion zwischen zwei fluiden Edukten (2, 3) an einem Katalysatorbett (4) mit Vorvermischen der fluiden Edukte (2, 3) vor der Zuführung zum Katalysatorbett innerhalb einer Verzögerungszeit kleiner als 150 ms in einer Einmischvorrichtung (5), der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Einmischvorrichtung (5) aus den folgenden Elementen gebildet ist, die im Wesentlichen quer zur Anströmrichtung des ersten fluiden Eduktstromes (2) angeordnet sind: - zwei oder drei hintereinander angeordnete Reihen von Rohren (6), mit Turbulenzerzeugern auf der Außenseite derselben, die den Durchtrittsquerschnitt für den ersten fluiden Eduktstrom (2) auf 1/2 bis 1/10 verengen, wobei durch die Innenräume der Rohre (6) der zweite fluide Eduktstrom (3) geleitet und über Öffnungen (7) in den Rohren (6) in den ersten fluiden Eduktstrom (2) eingedüst wird, sowie - einem den Rohren (6) vorgeschalteten Lochblech (10) und - einem den Rohren (6) nachgeschalteten Lochblech (11). Proposed is a reactor (1) for carrying out a reaction between two fluid educts (2, 3) on a catalyst bed (4) with premixing of the fluid starting materials (2, 3) before being fed to the catalyst bed within a delay time of less than 150 ms in one Mixing device (5), characterized in that the mixing device (5) is formed from the following elements, which are arranged substantially transversely to the direction of flow of the first fluid Eduktstromes (2): - two or three successively arranged rows of tubes (6 ), with turbulence generators on the outside thereof, which narrow the passage cross-section for the first fluid reactant stream (2) to 1/2 to 1/10, wherein through the interiors of the tubes (6) the second fluid Eduktstrom (3) and passed through openings (7) is injected into the tubes (6) in the first fluid Eduktstrom (2), and - a the tubes (6) upstream perforated plate (10) and - one of the tubes (6) switched perforated plate (11).

Fordelingselement til fordeling af gas til en reaktor