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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 16696. Отображено 100.
10-10-2018 дата публикации

Автоматизированная система нейтрализации газообразного хлора

Номер: RU0000183963U1

Полезная модель относится к средствам обеспечения безопасности, в частности на участках хранения газообразного хлора, на дозирующих установках для газообразного хлора и для обслуживающего персонала. Автоматизированная система нейтрализации газообразного хлора содержит емкость для нейтрализующей жидкости, нейтрализующую жидкость, линию подачи хлоровоздушной смеси, линию вывода очищенного воздуха. Также система снабжена запорным клапаном, аэратором, вентилятором, датчиком концентрации газообразного хлора, который в случае превышения концентрации передает сигнал на блок управления системой, а вентилятор перекачивает загрязненный воздух из помещения в емкость для нейтрализующей жидкости, где он очищается и вытесняется в атмосферу. В качестве емкости для нейтрализующей жидкости может быть использована хемосорбционная колонна. Техническим результатом, обеспечиваемым данным техническим решением, является обеспечение безопасности обслуживающего персонала на дозирующих установках газообразного хлора и на участках хранения газообразного хлора. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 183 963 U1 (51) МПК B01D 53/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01D 53/00 (2006.01); B01D 53/08 (2006.01); B01J 8/12 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018122715, 21.06.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 10.10.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 10.10.2018 Бюл. № 28 1 8 3 9 6 3 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 90854 U1, 20.01.2010. SU 697158 A1, 15.11.1979. RU 2367506 C2, 20.09.2009. RU 2180608 C1, 20.03.2002. RU 47254 U1, 27.08.2005. JP 0003582947 B2, 27.10.2004. CN 201375843 Y, 06.01.2010. US 4224041 A1, 23.09.1980. (54) Автоматизированная система нейтрализации газообразного хлора (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к средствам случае превышения концентрации передает сигнал обеспечения безопасности, в частности на на блок управления системой, а вентилятор участках ...

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13-12-2021 дата публикации

Вертикальный сепаратор нефтегазовой смеси

Номер: RU0000208262U1
Принадлежит: Павел Юрьевич Илюшин

Полезная модель относится к изделиям для транспортных систем нефтепродуктов и может быть использована для очистки нефтегазовой смеси от мехпримесей при организации контрольно-измерительных узлов нефтепроводов. Вертикальный сепаратор нефтегазовой смеси включает в себя цилиндрический корпус 1 с крышкой 2, фильтрующий блок 3, разделительное кольцо 4 и пружину 5. Цилиндрический корпус 1 выполнен с одним закрытым торцем, входным 6 и выходным 7 патрубками и сквозным боковым отверстием в нижней части с установленным в нем сливным клапаном 8. Открытый торец, расположенный в нижней части вертикального корпуса 1, закрытый съемной крышкой 2, соединен с корпусом 1 болтовым соединением. Внутри цилиндрического корпуса 1 размещен фильтрующий блок 3, включающий перфорированную по всей длине боковой поверхности трубу 9 с закрытым верхним торцем, концентрично размещенную внутри корпуса 1, не доходящую до его верхнего торца и жестко соединенную с ним вертикально ориентированной пружиной 5. Внутри трубы диспергатора 9 также концентрично установлен сам диспергатор, включающий шток 10 с установленными на нем заостренными крыльчатками 11, между которыми установлены промежуточные пружины 12. Разделительное горизонтально ориентированное кольцо 4 жестко установлено на боковой поверхности трубы диспергатора 9 между входным 6 и выходным 7 патрубками концентрично центральной оси корпуса 1. На боковой поверхности трубы диспергатора 9, вблизи нижнего торца, приварены ушки 13. Ниже разделительного кольца 4, к боковой поверхности трубы диспергатора 9, жестко присоединен перфорированный скребок 14. 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 208 262 U1 (51) МПК B01D 19/00 (2006.01) B01J 8/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01D 19/00 (2021.08); B01J 8/10 (2021.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021121263, 16.07.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 13.12.2021 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Илюшин Павел ...

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26-01-2012 дата публикации

Process for preparing aromatics from methane

Номер: US20120022310A1
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a process for carrying out endothermic, heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in which the reaction of the starting materials is carried out in the presence of a mixture of inert heat transfer particles and catalyst particles, where the catalyst particles are regenerated in a nonoxidative atmosphere at regular intervals and the heat of reaction required is introduced by separating off the inert heat transfer particles, heating the heat transfer particles in a heating zone and recirculating the heated heat transfer particles to the reaction zone. The process of the invention is particularly suitable for the nonoxidative dehydroaromatization of C 1 -C 4 -aliphatics in the presence of zeolite-comprising catalysts.

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16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

Номер: US20120036778A1
Автор: Sergii Y. Stryzhak
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

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22-03-2012 дата публикации

Methods and Apparatus for Enhanced Gas Distribution

Номер: US20120068111A1
Автор: Ashfaq Shaikh
Принадлежит: Eastman Chemical Co

Methods and apparatus for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor. Such methods and apparatus can more evenly distribute the gas throughout the reaction zone. Spargers for introducing a gas into the reaction zone of a reactor can be employed in systems and methods for carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound, such as para-xylene.

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21-06-2012 дата публикации

Titanium bearing material flow control in the manufacture of titanium tetrachloride with silica content monitoring of the titanium product

Номер: US20120156790A1
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

This disclosure relates to a process for controlling chlorination reactions in manufacturing titanium tetrachloride in a fluidized bed reactor, followed by processing to form a titanium product comprising an amount of silica, the process comprising: (a) feeding carbonaceous material, titanium bearing material comprising an amount of silica, and chlorine to the fluidized bed reactor to form a gaseous stream, and condensing the gaseous stream to form titanium tetrachloride, a non-condensed gas stream and a condensable product stream; (b) processing the titanium tetrachloride to form a titanium product comprising an amount of silica; (c) analyzing the titanium product comprising an amount of silica to determine the analyzed concentration of silica; (d) identifying a set point concentration of silica; (e) calculating the difference between the analyzed concentration of silica and the set point concentration of silica; and (f) generating a signal which corresponds to the difference calculated in step (e) which provides a feedback response that controls the flow of the titanium bearing material into the fluidized bed reactor.

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28-06-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for producing trichlorosilane and method for producing trichlorosilane

Номер: US20120164053A1
Автор: Mitsutoshi Narukawa
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Materials Corp

An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane in which metallurgical grade silicon powder supplied to a reactor is reacted with hydrogen chloride gas while being fluidized by the hydrogen chloride gas, thereby discharging trichlorosilane generated by the reaction from the reactor, includes: a plurality of gas flow controlling members which are installed along a vertical direction in an annular shape R from an inner peripheral wall of the reactor in an internal space of the reactor; and a heat transfer tube which is installed along the vertical direction in the annular space R and through which a heating medium passes.

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05-07-2012 дата публикации

Mixing calciner

Номер: US20120171633A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Materials Corp

An object of this invention is to provide a mixing calciner that can separate and recover CO 2 gas in a high concentration, which is generated when a to-be-calcined cement material is mixed with a superheated calcined portion and calcined, by employing a fluidized-bed type or a spouted-bed type. The invention provides a mixing calciner ( 12 ) which mixes the calcined cement material with the superheated calcined portion to cause a calcination reaction, wherein the mixing calciner is the fluidized-bed type or the spouted-bed type, and is provided with a plurality of feed lines ( 25 ) for feeding the to-be-calcined cement material. In addition, this invention provides a mixing calciner which easily fluidizes or spouts a cement material even when a heat medium has a particle diameter larger than that of the cement material, and can separate and recover CO 2 gas generated in a cement-manufacturing facility in a high concentration.

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12-07-2012 дата публикации

System for producing l-homophenylalanine and a process for producing l-homophenylalanine

Номер: US20120178133A1
Принадлежит: Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)

The present invention relates to a system ( 10 ) for producing L-homophenylalanine and a process for producing L-homophenylalanine using the system ( 10 ). The system ( 10 ) and the process include monitoring and controlling of the reaction conditions (e.g., temperature and pH) to desired or predetermined values. The monitoring, adjusting and agitating steps provided by the method thereby result in a more complete conversion of the available substrate and produce a sufficient yield of homophenylalanine.

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19-07-2012 дата публикации

Biomass and waste plastics depolymerization machine and methods via supercritical water

Номер: US20120184788A1
Принадлежит: Xtrudx Tech Inc

A method for transforming a selected polymeric material into a plurality of reaction products via supercritical water is disclosed. The method comprises: conveying the selected polymeric material through an extruder, wherein the extruder is configured to continuously convey the selected polymeric material to a supercritical fluid reaction zone; injecting hot compressed water into the supercritical fluid reaction zone, while the extruder is conveying the selected polymeric material into the supercritical fluid reaction zone so as to yield a mixture; retaining the mixture within the reaction zone for a period of time sufficient to yield the plurality of reaction products. The reaction zone may be characterized by a tubular reactor having an adjustably positionable inner tubular spear, wherein the tubular reactor and the inner tubular spear further define an annular space within the reaction zone, and wherein the mixture flows through the annular space and into a reaction products chamber.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Production of polycrystalline silicon in substantially closed-loop processes that involve disproportionation operations

Номер: US20120189527A1
Принадлежит: SunEdison Inc

Production of polycrystalline silicon in substantially closed-loop processes and systems is disclosed. The processes and systems generally involve disproportionation of trichlorosilane to produce silane or dichlorosilane and thermal decomposition of silane or dichlorosilane to produce polycrystalline silicon.

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30-08-2012 дата публикации

Dispersed Bubble Reactor For Enhanced Gas-Liquid-Solids Contact And Mass Transfer

Номер: US20120216680A1
Принадлежит: Southern Co

An apparatus to promote gas-liquid contact and facilitate enhanced mass transfer. The dispersed bubble reactor (DBR) operates in the dispersed bubble flow regime to selectively absorb gas phase constituents into the liquid phase. The dispersion is achieved by shearing the large inlet gas bubbles into fine bubbles with circulating liquid and additional pumped liquid solvent when necessary. The DBR is capable of handling precipitates that may form during absorption or fine catalysts that may be necessary to promote liquid phase reactions. The DBR can be configured with multistage counter current flow sections by inserting concentric cylindrical sections into the riser to facilitate annular flow. While the DBR can absorb CO 2 in liquid solvents that may lead to precipitates at high loadings, it is equally capable of handling many different types of chemical processes involving solids (precipitates/catalysts) along with gas and liquid phases.

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30-08-2012 дата публикации

Fluid treatment system with bulk material beds operated in parallel and method for operating such a system

Номер: US20120216873A1
Автор: Horst Grochowski
Принадлежит: Individual

A fluid treatment system having bulk beds. The fluid to be treated essentially streams from the bottom up through a bulk bed, while the bulk material migrates through the bulk beds in countercurrent to the fluid essentially from the top down. This is accomplished by removing partial quantities of bulk material at the lower end of the bulk bed, and delivering partial quantities of the bulk material to the bulk bed at the top. At least one charging wagon provided with optionally sealable bulk material outlets is able to traverse a charging channel between a charging position and several partial bulk bed release positions above the bulk beds. Provided below the bulk material outlets and the bulk material valve of the charging wagon are bulk material through pipes, the bulk material outlet mouths of which end on bulk material cones of an underlying bulk bed.

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30-08-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for venting a catalyst cooler

Номер: US20120219467A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

The apparatus herein provide a catalyst cooler with a vent that communicates fluidizing gas to a lower chamber of a regenerator. Air that is used as fluidizing gas can then be consumed in the regenerator without promoting after burn in the upper chamber.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Method and Installation for the Manufacture of Carbon Nanotubes

Номер: US20120269696A1

Method for the manufacture of carbon nanotubes by thermal decomposition of at least one gaseous hydrocarbon ( 14 ) in the presence of a solid catalyst in a reactor ( 4 ) into which the catalyst is introduced via an inlet lock chamber ( 17 ) flushed by an inert gas ( 21, 22, 25, 26 ) and from which the carbon nanotubes are withdrawn via an outlet lock chamber ( 37 ) which is flushed with a flow of inert gas ( 39, 40 ).

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13-12-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for hydroconversion

Номер: US20120315202A1
Принадлежит: Chevron Corp

An apparatus is disclosed for the hydroconversion of hydrocarbon feedstock with a hydrogen gas at elevated temperature and pressure with the use of a catalyst. The apparatus is a reactor vessel with a grid plate distributor for improved gas liquid distribution. The distributor comprises a grid plate and a bubble cap assembly with a plurality of tubular risers extending through the grid plate. Each tubular riser has an upper section above the grid plate and a lower section below the grid plate, the lower section terminated with an open bottom end for ingress of the hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon feedstock, the upper section having a closed top terminated with a housing cap. Each tubular riser has at least a vertical slot and a least a side hole sufficiently sized such that in operation, the liquid level in the zone below the grid plate is above the vertical slot and below the side hole opening.

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20-12-2012 дата публикации

Solids processing valve

Номер: US20120319023A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A dome valve selectively dispenses a silicon product from a chamber of a vessel. The dome valve comprises a valve body defining a pass-through channel in communication with the chamber of the vessel to allow the silicon product to exit the vessel. The dome valve also comprising a valve seat defining an opening through which the silicon product enters the pass-through channel. The dome valve further comprising a domed body having a semi-hemispherical configuration. The domed body has a sealing surface. The domed body is rotatable between a closed position and an open position for allowing the selective dispensing of the silicon product from the vessel.

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24-01-2013 дата публикации

Process for increasing the efficiency of heat removal from a fischer-tropsch slurry reactor

Номер: US20130020054A1
Принадлежит: Syntroleum Corp

The present invention is directed to a cooling system for removing heat from a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) slurry reactor. The cooling system including a downcomer disposed within the F-T reactor to deliver a coolant downward through the F-T reactor at a predetermined velocity. The downcomer and the pressure of the introduced coolant cooperate to increase the coolant velocity, thereby maintaining the coolant in the substantially liquid phase in the downcomer. The cooling system further includes a plenum connected to the downcomer, wherein the coolant remains in the substantially liquid phase. Additionally, the cooling system includes at least one riser extending upward from the plenum, wherein a portion of the coolant vaporizes to provide a boiling heat transfer surface on the at least one riser.

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21-03-2013 дата публикации

Method Of Operating A Fluid Bed Reactor

Номер: US20130071293A1
Принадлежит: Individual

Method of operating a three-phase slurry reactor includes feeding at a low level at least one gaseous reactant into a vertically extending slurry body of solid particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the slurry body being contained in at least two vertically extending shafts housed within a common reactor shell, each shaft being divided into a plurality of vertically extending channels at least some of which are in slurry flow communication and the slurry body being present in at least some of the channels. The gaseous reactant is allowed to react as it passes upwardly through the slurry body present in at least some of the channels of the shafts, thereby to form a non-gaseous and/or a gaseous product. Gaseous product, if present, and/or unreacted gaseous reactant is allowed to disengage from the slurry body in a head space above the slurry body.

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28-03-2013 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR CONVERTING NATURAL GAS TO LIQUID HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20130078157A1
Принадлежит:

A method comprising: providing an alkyl halide stream; contacting at least some of the alkyl halides with a coupling catalyst to form a product stream comprising higher hydrocarbons and hydrogen halide; contacting the product stream with a solid reactant to remove at least a portion of the hydrogen halide from the product stream; and reacting the solid reactant with a source of oxygen to generate a corresponding halogen. 1. A system comprising:a coupling reactor comprising a coupling catalyst for receiving an alkyl halide stream and contacting at least a portion of the alkyl halide stream with the coupling catalyst to form a product stream comprising higher hydrocarbons and hydrogen halide;a separator unit for separating at least some of the product stream from the hydrogen halide; andan oxidation reactor comprising an aqueous solution comprising a metal capable of forming multiple stable oxidation states for receiving a source of oxygen and at least a portion of the hydrogen halide from the separator unit and generating a corresponding halogen and water.2. The system of wherein the metal capable of forming multiple oxidation states in the oxidation reactor comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of: Cu claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Sb claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , V claim 1 , As claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The system of wherein the aqueous solution in the oxidation reactor has a pH less than about 7.0.4. The system of wherein the oxidation reactor is at a temperature from about 65° C. to about 300° C.5. The system of wherein the oxidation reactor is at a pressure from about 0.1 atm to about 40 atm.6. The system of wherein the oxidation reactor comprises at least one reactor type selected from the group consisting of: a continuous stirred tank reactor claim 1 , a plug flow reactor claim 1 , a packed column reactor claim 1 , a fixed bed reactor claim 1 , and a fluidized bed reactor.7. The system of further comprising a product ...

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16-05-2013 дата публикации

Systems for producing silane

Номер: US20130121888A1
Принадлежит: SunEdison Inc

Methods and systems for producing silane that use electrolysis to regenerate reactive components therein are disclosed. The methods and systems may be substantially closed-loop with respect to halogen, an alkali or alkaline earth metal and/or hydrogen.

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

POLYCRYSTAL SILICON MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

Номер: US20130129570A1
Принадлежит: SILICONVALUE LLC.

There is disclosed a polycrystal silicon manufacturing apparatus including a reaction pipe configured to provide a reaction space where seed silicon grows into polycrystal silicon, a flowing-gas supply unit configured to supply flowing gas to the seed silicon and the polycrystal silicon provided in the reaction pipe, a sensing unit configured to output level information based on the height of a fluidized bed which is changeable according to the growth of the polycrystal silicon, and a particle outlet configured to exhaust the polycrystal silicon formed in the reaction pipe outside, when the height of the fluidized bed corresponding to the level information is larger than an exhaustion start height of the fluidized bed corresponding to a start level. 1. A polycrystal silicon manufacturing apparatus comprising:a reaction pipe configured to provide a reaction space where seed silicon grows into polycrystal silicon;a flowing-gas supply unit configured to supply flowing gas to the seed silicon and the polycrystal silicon provided in the reaction pipe;a sensing unit configured to output level information based on the height of a fluidized bed which is changeable according to the growth of the polycrystal silicon; anda particle outlet configured to exhaust the polycrystal silicon formed in the reaction pipe outside, when the height of the fluidized bed corresponding to the level information is larger than an exhaustion start height of the fluidized bed corresponding to an exhaustion start level.2. The polycrystal silicon manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sensing unit comprises a distance sensor configured to sense a distance to the fluidized bed claim 1 , which is changeable according to the growth of the polycrystal silicon claim 1 , as the level information claim 1 , andthe particle outlet is configured to exhaust the polycrystal silicon formed in the reaction pipe, when the distance between the distance sensor and the fluidized bed is an ...

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06-06-2013 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20130143167A1
Принадлежит: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN

A fluidized-bed reactor system with at least two fluidized-bed reactors, each being a circulating fluidized bed, a particle line with a particle separator for transferring fluidized-bed particles from the first to the second reactor, and a particle line exiting at the lower half of the second reactor for transferring fluidized-bed particles back to the first reactor, wherein, at least in the second reactor, two or more reaction zones separated by one or more flow controllers and that the particle line opens into the second reactor above at least one flow controller. 1. A fluidized-bed reactor system , comprising:a first fluidized-bed reactor;a second fluidized-bed reactor;a particle line comprising a particle separator configured to transfer fluidized-bed particles from the first to the second reactor; anda particle line exiting at a lower half of the second reactor, configured to transfer fluidized-bed particles back to the first reactor,wherein the first and the second fluidized-bed reactors each comprise a circulating fluidized bed,wherein at least the second fluidized-bed reactor comprises two or more reaction zones separated by one or more flow controllers, andwherein the particle line opens into the second fluidized-bed reactor above at least one flow controller.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more flow controllers provided are (i) constrictions of a reactor cross-section claim 1 , (ii) diversions of a particle flow or (iii) constrictions of the reactor cross-section claim 1 , and diversions of particle flow claim 1 ,3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the particle line opens into the second fluidized-bed reaction above an uppermost flow controller in the second reactor.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second fluidized-bed reactor comprises a particle feedback line with a particle separator claim 1 , which opens into the second fluidized-bed reactor below at least one flow controller in the second fluidized-bed reactor.5. The system of claim ...

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for mixing two streams of catalyst

Номер: US20130148463A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream into and out of a chamber in a lower section of a riser. The chamber fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

Method, system and apparatus for controlling particle size in a fluidized bed reactor

Номер: US20130149228A1
Принадлежит: Siliken Chemicals SL

A method, system, and apparatus for controlling the average particle size and the particle size distribution during a fluidized bed process in a fluidized bed reactor. More particularly, this disclosure relates to a method, system, and apparatus for controlling the average silicon particle size and the silicon particle size distribution during the production of high purity silicon.

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20-06-2013 дата публикации

Multiple burn zones with independent circulation loops

Номер: US20130157839A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process for a continuous regeneration of a catalyst wherein the regeneration section includes at least two separate zones. The regeneration includes a combustion zone, and an oxygen boost zone, where the process utilizes at least two independent regeneration gas loops for control of the amount of oxygen to regenerate the catalyst.

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27-06-2013 дата публикации

Recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system

Номер: US20130164202A1

A recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system is disclosed, comprising: a vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment including a plurality of devices, wherein a top device of the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment is used as a feed system; a vertical combustion kiln; a blower; and a powder purge system, wherein powders in the feed system fall into the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment and pass through a plurality of the devices to mix and exchange heat with flue gas comprising CO 2 , generating calcination reaction and releasing CO2 into the flue gas. and the steam is separated and transported to the feed system by the blower and acts as a carrier gas of powders.

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27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fluid Bed Reactor with Staged Baffles

Номер: US20130165724A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The invention relates to a process of alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons, and more particularly a process of making paraxylene by alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and to an apparatus for carrying out said process, the improvement comprising staged injection of one of the reactants, with the stages separated by structured packing so as to minimize at least one of gas phase back-mixing, by-pass phenomena, and gas bubble size.

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

TOROIDAL BED REACTOR

Номер: US20130220790A1
Автор: Dodson Christopher
Принадлежит: MORTIMER TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS LIMITED

The present invention provides an apparatus for the processing of a particulate material, the apparatus comprising: 1. An apparatus for the processing of a particulate material , the apparatus comprising:a processing chamber having one or more inlets for admitting particulate material to be processed and one or more outlets for processed particulate material;the processing chamber comprising an annular treatment zone and a plurality of processing fluid inlets arranged in a base of said annular treatment zone and configured so that, in use, jets of processing fluid pass into the annular treatment zone through the plurality of processing fluid inlets to establish a spiral flow of particulate material in the annular processing zone;wherein said one or more outlets for processed particulate material are located in the base of said annular treatment zone and surrounded by said plurality of processing fluid inlets so that the spiral flow of particulate material circulates around said one or more outlets;the processing chamber further comprising a deflector for deflecting a portion of the spiral flow of particulate material in the annular processing zone radially inwards from said spiral flow so that said particulate material leaves the processing chamber through said one or more outlets for processed particulate material.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a cap arranged over said one or more outlets for processed particulate material to prevent particulate material leaving the chamber via said outlet without having been deflected by said deflector for deflecting a portion of the spiral flow of particulate material.3. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said deflector for deflecting is adjustable between a first condition whereby claim 1 , in use claim 1 , it deflects a portion of the spiral flow of particulate material in the annular processing zone radially inwards from said spiral flow claim 1 , and a second condition ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods for reacting compounds

Номер: US20130224099A1
Принадлежит: MEMC ELECTRONIC MATERIALS SPA

Shell and tube heat exchangers that include a baffle arrangement that improves the temperature profile and flow pattern throughout the exchanger and/or that are integral with a reaction vessel are disclosed. Methods for using the exchangers including methods that involve use of the exchanger and a reaction vessel to produce a reaction product gas containing trichlorosilane are also disclosed.

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05-09-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR THE REDUCTION OF GASOLINE BENZENE CONTENT BY ALKYLATION WITH DILUTE ETHYLENE

Номер: US20130230437A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

The apparatus converts ethylene in a dilute ethylene stream and dilute benzene in an aromatic containing stream via alkylation to heavier hydrocarbons. The catalyst may be a zeolite such as UZM-8. The catalyst is resistant to feed impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon oxides, and hydrogen and selectively converts benzene. At least 40 wt-% of the ethylene in the dilute ethylene stream and at least 20 wt-% of the benzene in the dilute benzene stream can be converted to heavier hydrocarbons. 1. An apparatus for alkylating benzene with ethylene comprising:a fluid catalytic cracking reactor for contacting cracking catalyst with a hydrocarbon feed stream to crack the hydrocarbon feed to cracked products having lower molecular weight and deposit coke on the cracking catalyst to provide coked cracking catalyst;a regenerator for combusting coke from said coked cracking catalyst by contact with oxygen;{'sub': 3', '2, 'a separator in communication with said fluid catalytic cracking reactor for separating Chydrocarbons from Chydrocarbons to provide a dilute ethylene stream;'}a reforming reactor for contacting a naphtha stream with reforming catalyst to produce a reformate stream; andan alkylation reactor in communication with said separator and said reforming reactor for alkylating benzene in said reformate stream with ethylene in said dilute ethylene stream over a fixed bed of alkylation catalyst to heavier alkyl benzene hydrocarbons, wherein no fractionation column is in communication between said separator and said alkylation reactor.2. The apparatus of wherein said separator is a secondary absorber and further comprising a primary absorber in communication with said secondary absorber for providing a secondary off-gas stream comprising said dilute ethylene stream and said alkylation reactor is in communication with said secondary absorber.3. The apparatus of wherein no fractionation column is in communication between said reforming reactor and said alkylation reactor. ...

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12-09-2013 дата публикации

Thermochemical Reactors and Processes for Hydrolysis of Cupric Chloride

Номер: US20130236392A1
Принадлежит:

A thermochemical reactor () and associated processes are disclosed. The reactor () and processes are used to conduct reactions relating to the hydrolysis of cupric chloride (CuCl2) within any one of the five-, four- and three-step Cu—Cl cycles. The reactor () comprises a reaction chamber () including a first zone () configured to conduct a spray operation and a second zone () configured to conduct a fluidized, fixed and/or moving bed operation. The first zone () includes a first inlet () configured to introduce a first reactant and an additional inlet () configured to introduce an additional reactant. A distributor () is configured to introduce the additional reactant to the second zone (). One or more product outlets () for communication with the reaction chamber () are provided. 1. A reactor for use in a thermochemical process , the reactor comprising: a first zone comprising at least one first inlet to introduce a first reactant and at least one additional inlet to introduce an additional reactant, the inlets being configured to conduct a spray operation in the first zone; and', 'a second zone in communication with the first zone;, 'a reaction chamber havinga distributor to introduce the additional reactant to the second zone; andat least one product outlet for communication with the reaction chamber.2. The reactor as defined in claim 1 , wherein the at least one first inlet has a first axis and the at least one additional inlet has an additional axis claim 1 , the first axis intersecting the additional axis within the first zone.3. The reactor as defined in claim 1 , wherein the at least one first inlet and the at least one additional inlet are substantially coaxial.4. The reactor as defined in claim 1 , comprising a third inlet configured to introduce the first reactant to the second zone of the reaction chamber.5. The reactor as defined in claim 1 , wherein the at least one product outlet includes a gas product outlet for communication with the first zone and ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

METAL ALLOY NANOPARTICLE SYNTHESIS VIA SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER FORMATION AND ULTRASOUND

Номер: US20130244037A1

Methods and assemblies for the construction of liquid-phase alloy nanoparticles are presented. Particle formation is directed by molecular self-assembly and assisted by sonication. In some embodiments, eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) nanoparticles are formed. In these embodiments, the bulk liquid alloy is ultrasonically dispersed, fast thiolate self-assembly at the EGaIn interface protects the material against oxidation. The assembly shell has been designed to include intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which induce surface strain, assisting in cleavage of the alloy particles to the nanoscale. X-ray diffraction and TEM analyses reveal that the nanoscale particles are in an amorphous or liquid phase, with no observed faceting. 1. A method of forming liquid-phase metal alloy nanoparticles comprising:providing a liquid phase metal alloy material having at least two alloying components;placing the liquid phase metal alloy into solution with an organic self-assembly molecule, the self-assembly molecule exerting an intermolecule force with adjacent self-assembly molecules;dispersing the liquid phase metal alloy through the solution by application of ultrasonic treatment such that self-assembly molecules adsorb with the liquid phase metal alloy; andassembling the liquid phase metal alloy via self-assembly of the self-assembly molecules such that nanoparticles of liquid phase metal alloy having at least a partial monolayer shell of self-assembly molecules disposed thereon are formed.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising ultrasonically treating the nanoparticles to further reduce the size of the nanoparticles.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein an outer surface of the liquid phase metal alloy is passivated.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the passivation comprises oxidizing the outer surface of the alloy material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid phase metal alloy is an EGaIn material.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the EGaIn material is further doped with ...

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

HYDROGEN CHROLIDE GAS EJECTING NOZZLE, REACTION APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING TRICHLOROSILANE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRICHLOROSILANE

Номер: US20130272946A1
Автор: Inaba Chikara
Принадлежит:

There is provided a hydrogen chrolide gas ejecting nozzle 1 used in a reaction apparatus for producing trichlorosilane in which metal silicon powder is reacted with hydrogen chloride gas to generate trichlorosilane. The member is provided with a shaft portion extending in the longitudinal direction and a head portion that is provided on an end of the shaft portion and extends in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the shaft portion. A supply hole extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the shaft portion, a plurality of ejection holes are formed in the head portion, and each of the ejection holes is communicatively connected to the supply hole and opened on the outer surface of the head portion toward a direction intersecting the direction to which the supply hole extends. 14-. (canceled)5. A method for producing trichlorosilane by reacting hydrogen chloride gas with metal silicon powder comprising the steps of:exhausting a produced trichlorosilane gas including an unreacted metal silicon powder from a trichlorosilane producing reactor;collecting the unreacted metal silicon powder by introducing the produced trichlorosilane gas including the unreacted silicon powder into a cyclone separator; andre-introducing the unreacted metal silicon powder collected by the cyclone separator into the trichlorosilane producing reactor.6. The method for producing trichlorosilane according to further comprising the step of feeding the unreacted metal silicon powder collected by the cyclone separator into a feed hopper that receives a fresh metal silicon powder supplied from a silicon powder supply system to obtain a mixed metal silicon powder claim 5 , which contains the unreacted metal silicon powder collected by the cyclone separator and the fresh metal silicon powder.7. The method for producing trichlorosilane according to further comprising the steps of:mixing the mixed metal silicon powder with a carrier gas to produce a mixture; andsupplying the ...

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

Installation and method for conversion of paper residue into a mineral product

Номер: US20130274097A1
Принадлежит: VOITH PATENT GMBH

A method and apparatus for conversion of paper residue into a mineral product uses a fluidized bed device with a distribution plate for securing an even distribution and supply of at least combustion air to the bed material and to the paper residue. An air box below the distribution plate supplies combustion air to the bed material and paper residue above the distribution plate. A heat exchanging section receives in separate parts ambient air and flue gases from the fluidized bed device for exchanging heat between flue gases and ambient air. The heat exchanging section is connected to the air box for supplying the heated ambient air to the air box for use as combustion air. A control system is employed for controlling the amount of bed material and the dimension of its particles and is arranged to monitor and maintain a process parameter within a predefined range.

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

PROTECTED FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST AND METHOD OF PROVIDING SAME TO A FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS

Номер: US20130296448A1
Принадлежит:

A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor. 1. A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst , the method comprising:combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax such that the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles; andshaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst.2. The method of wherein the spray dried catalyst is a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.3. The method of wherein the spray dried catalyst is a precipitated iron-based catalyst.4. The method of further comprising fluidizing the spray dried catalyst particles claim 1 , to provide a fluidized bed.5. The method of wherein fluidizing comprises introducing an inert gas into a vessel containing the spray dried catalyst particles.6. The method of wherein the vessel is a fixed bed or fluidized bed reactor.7. The method of further comprising activating the catalyst.8. The method of wherein activating comprises contacting the catalyst particles with an activation gas at an activation temperature.9. The method of wherein the activation ...

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05-12-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR MELAMINE PRODUCTION BY GAS-PHASE QUENCHING METHOD OF ENERGY EFFICIENT AND COST SAVING TYPE

Номер: US20130324720A1
Принадлежит:

A system and process for melamine production by gas-phase quenching method and its process are provided. The said system includes a urea scrubber, after which a fluidized bed reactor, a hot-air cooler, a hot-air filter, a crystallizer and a melamine collector are installed in series successively, where the said melamine collector is connected to the said urea scrubber and the said fluidized bed reactor is connected to a carrier gas pre-heater which is connected to a carrier gas compressor; the said system further includes a gas-liquid separator which is connected to the said urea scrubber which is connected to a crystallizer; wherein a cool air blower is provided between the said gas-liquid separator and the crystallizer. The production system of the invention has the advantages of high productivity, stable operation, low energy consumption, low investment and high economic value of tail gas. 1. A system for melamine production by gas-phase quenching method , including:A urea scrubber, after which a fluidized bed reactor, a hot gas cooler, a hot gas filter, a crystallizer and a melamine collector are installed in series successively, where the said melamine collector is connected to the said urea scrubber;The said fluidized bed reactor is connected to a carrier gas pre-heater which is connected to a carrier gas compressor;The said system for melamine production further comprises a gas-liquid separator connected to the said urea scrubber that is connected to the said crystallizer, The said carrier gas compressor is connected to the said gas-liquid separator;wherein a cold gas blower is provided between the said gas-liquid separator and the said crystallizer.2. A system for melamine production according to claim 1 , wherein a cold gas cooler is provided between the said cold gas blower and the said crystallizer.3. A system for melamine production according to claim 1 , wherein the said carrier gas compressor is connected with the said gas-liquid separator via the said ...

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19-12-2013 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for distributing hydrocarbon feed and catalyst

Номер: US20130334101A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking feeds catalyst to a chamber of a riser. The catalyst exits the chamber and passes through a plenum and into a reaction zone through a plurality of tubes which distribute the catalyst uniformly over a cross section of the reaction zone of the riser. A hydrocarbon feed is fed to the plenum. The hydrocarbon feed passes from the plenum into the reaction zone through a plate comprising a multiplicity of openings which distribute the hydrocarbon feed uniformly over a cross section of the reaction zone of the riser. The feed is contacted with the catalyst in a reaction zone of the riser.

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19-12-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY PRODUCING CARBON NANOTUBES

Номер: US20130336875A1
Принадлежит: LG CHEM, LTD.

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for continuously producing carbon nanotubes. More specifically, disclosed are an apparatus for continuously producing carbon nanotubes including i) a reactor to synthesize carbon nanotubes, ii) a separator to separate a mixed gas from the carbon nanotubes transferred from the reactor, iii) a filter to remove all or part of one or more component gases from the separated mixed gas, and iv) a recirculation pipe to recirculate the filtered mixed gas to the reactor for carbon nanotubes. 1. An apparatus for continuously producing carbon nanotubes comprising:i) a reactor to synthesize carbon nanotubes;ii) a separator to separate a mixed gas from the carbon nanotubes transferred from the reactor;iii) a filter to remove all or part of one or more component gases from the separated mixed gas; andiv) a recirculation pipe to recirculate the filtered mixed gas to the reactor for carbon nanotubes.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the filter removes a predetermined amount of reducing gas from the mixed gas discharged from the separator.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the reducing gas is hydrogen.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the component gas present in the filter is a byproduct gas produced in the reactor.5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a chemical vapor deposition reactor.6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the chemical vapor deposition reactor is a rotary kiln reactor or a fluidized bed reactor.7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the rotary kiln reactor and the fluidized bed reactor are connected to a catalyst supply pipe to supply a catalyst claim 6 , a reaction gas supply pipe to supply a carbon source claim 6 , a reducing gas claim 6 , and an inert gas claim 6 , and a product discharge pipe to discharge the produced carbon nanotubes and mixed gas.8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the separator is a cyclone.9. The apparatus ...

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19-12-2013 дата публикации

REACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD USING SUPERCRITICAL WATER OR SUBCRITICAL WATER

Номер: US20130338382A1
Принадлежит:

In a method and apparatus for producing a useful substance by allowing a fluid containing a biomass raw material to act on a supercritical water and/or subcritical water, the fluid containing a biomass raw material in a high concentration is efficiently mixed with the supercritical water and/or subcritical water, whereby the amount of tar and carbon particles produced as by-products is decreased and blockage and abrasion of a pipe and an equipment is suppressed, or it is possible to easily remove the by-products. 1. A reaction apparatus of a supercritical water or subcritical water comprisinga cylindrical mixing flow path for mixing at least one raw material fluid selected from the group consisting of glycerin, cellulose, and lignin with at least one of a supercritical water and a subcritical water;at least two inlet flow paths for flowing the raw material fluid and the supercritical water or subcritical water into the mixing flow path;an outlet flow path for discharging a reaction solution mixed in the mixing flow path; andan agitation blade having a rotating shaft set on a center shaft of the mixing flow path.2. The reaction apparatus of a supercritical water or subcritical water according to claim 1 , whereinthe rotating shaft is rotated by kinetic energy of the reaction solution.3. The reaction apparatus of a supercritical water or subcritical water according to claim 1 , whereina magnet and a bearing fixed to the rotating shaft are provided;a magnet for rotating the magnet in a non-contact state by a magnetic force is provided outside the reaction apparatus; andan inlet flow path for flowing a cooling water therein at a pressure higher than a pressure of the mixing flow path and an outlet flow path are provided in a vessel having the magnet and the bearing fixed to the rotating shaft housed therein.4. The reaction apparatus of a supercritical water or subcritical water according to claim 1 , whereina liquid contact part within the reaction apparatus, which ...

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02-01-2014 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for distributing hydrocarbon feed to a catalyst stream

Номер: US20140001096A1
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus described is for distributing hydrocarbon feed to catalyst in a riser. Hydrocarbon feed is delivered to a plenum in the riser. Nozzles from the plenum inject feed into the riser to contact the catalyst. Streams of regenerated catalyst and carbonized catalyst may be passed to the riser and mixed around an insert in a lower section of a riser. The plenum may be located in the riser.

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27-02-2014 дата публикации

HIGH THROUGHPUT REACTOR ASSEMBLY FOR POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINS

Номер: US20140058051A1
Принадлежит: Borealis AG

Reactor assembly for the production of polymers including a fluidized bed reactor () comprising a bottom zone (), a middle zone () and an upper zone (), an inlet () for the fluidization gas located in the bottom zone (), an outlet () for the fluidization gas located in the upper zone (); the outlet () for the fluidization gas being coupled with the fluidized bed reactor () via inlet () via a gas circulation line; means for separation of solids from gas () being connected to said gas circulation line; the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the upper zone () being monotonically decreasing with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; the middle zone () having an essentially constant equivalent cross-sectional diameter with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the bottom zone () being monotonically increasing with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; characterized in that the ratio of the height of the fluidized bed reactor to the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the middle zone of the fluidized bed reactor is from 2 to 10; and whereby said upper zone () is directly connected to said middle zone (). 119-. (canceled)2015678597. Reactor assembly for the production of polymers including a fluidized bed reactor () comprising a bottom zone () , a middle zone () and an upper zone () , an inlet () for the fluidization gas located in the bottom zone () , an outlet () for the fluidization gas located in the upper zone ();{'b': 9', '1', '8, 'the outlet () for the fluidization gas being coupled with the fluidized bed reactor () via inlet () via a gas circulation line;'}{'b': '2', 'means for separation of solids from gas () being connected to said gas circulation line;'}{'b': '7', 'the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the upper zone () being monotonically decreasing with ...

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06-03-2014 дата публикации

Internal cyclone for fluidized bed reactor

Номер: US20140065049A1
Принадлежит: Honeywell International Inc

A fluidized bed reactor comprising a reaction column having a fluid portion; a gas inflow means for flowing a gas upwardly from the fluid portion of the reaction column; a particle feed means for feeding particles to the fluid portion of the reaction column; a cyclone capable of separating particles from the gas flowing upwardly from the fluid portion of the reaction column, the cyclone being located within the reaction column and being in communication with the gas flowing upwardly, wherein the cyclone comprises a cyclone body having an inlet, a gas outlet, and a particle drop port; and a particle discharge pipe having an upper part connected to the particle drop port of the cyclone body, and a lower part, wherein the particle discharge pipe is located substantially outside of the reaction column.

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13-03-2014 дата публикации

DECARBONATION PROCESS

Номер: US20140072484A1
Принадлежит:

A process for decarbonation of particles of raw meal, to be burnt in a clinkering kiln at a cement plant, the process includes: a) decarbonation of particles of raw meal, in a fluidised bed heat exchanger, the particles being suspended in a rising carrier gas including carbon dioxide, the fluidised bed heat exchanger having a solid heat carrier circulating counter-current relative to the carrier gas, to provide an effluent gas including carbon dioxide and decarbonated raw meal; b) separating the effluent gas and the decarbonated raw meal c) separating the effluent gas into a first and second part; cooling the first part of the effluent gas and recycling to provide carrier gas, d) isolating the second part of effluent gas e) recovering and re-heating the heat carrier and recirculating to step (a). 1. A process for decarbonation of particles of raw meal , to be burnt in a clinkering kiln at a cement plant , which particles having a particle size distribution such that the retention of the particles on a 200 μm sieve is less than 2% by mass and the retention of the particles on a 90 μm sieve is less than 20% by mass , said process comprising:a) decarbonation of particles of raw meal, in a fluidised bed heat exchanger, said particles being suspended in a rising carrier gas comprising carbon dioxide, said fluidised bed heat exchanger having a solid heat carrier circulating counter-current relative to the carrier gas, to provide an effluent gas comprising carbon dioxide and decarbonated raw meal;b) separating said effluent gas and the decarbonated raw mealc) separating the effluent gas into a first and second part; cooling said first part of the effluent gas and recycling to provide carrier gas,d) isolating said second part of effluent gase) recovering and re heating said heat carrier and recirculating to (a).2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the solid heat carrier comprises particles having an average diameter of 300 to 600 μm.3. The process according to ...

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20-03-2014 дата публикации

Flexible reactor assembly for polymerization of olefins

Номер: US20140080991A1
Принадлежит: Borealis AG

The invention relates to a reactor assembly for the production of polymers including a fluidized bed reactor ( 1 ) comprising a bottom zone ( 5 ), a middle zone ( 6 ) and an upper zone ( 7 ), an inlet ( 8 ) for the fluidization gas located in the bottom zone ( 5 ), an outlet ( 9 ) for the fluidization gas located in the upper zone ( 7 ); the outlet ( 9 ) for the fluidization gas being coupled with the fluidized bed reactor ( 1 ) via inlet ( 8 ); the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the bottom zone ( 5 ) being monotonically increasing with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; the middle zone ( 6 ) having an essentially constant equivalent cross-sectional diameter with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the upper zone ( 7 ) being monotonically decreasing with respect to the flow direction of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor; wherein that the ratio of the height of the fluidized bed reactor to the equivalent cross-sectional diameter of the middle zone of the fluidized bed reactor is from 2 to 10; and wherein there is an unobstructed passageway in the direction of flow of the fluidization gas through the fluidized bed reactor from the bottom zone ( 5 ) to the upper zone ( 7 ).

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03-04-2014 дата публикации

AMMOXIMATION REACTOR FOR CYCLOHEXANONE OXIME PRODUCTION

Номер: US20140093437A1
Принадлежит: Versalis S.p.A.

Ammoximation reactor for cyclohexanone oxime production comprising: (a) a reactor vessel provided with a stirrer; (b) an internal filtering system; (c) an internal liquid ammonia evaporation coil; (d) an internal gaseous ammonia toroidal distributor; (e) an external cyclohexanone toroidal distributor; (f) an internal hydrogen peroxide toroidal distributor; (g) an internal cylindrical draft tube; (h) an external cooling jacket. Said ammoximation reactor allows to obtain a better mixing of the components of the ammoximation reaction and to maximize both the heat-transfer coefficients and the mass-transfer coefficients. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor allows to increase the packing time of the catalyst used in the ammoximation reaction on the filtering system (i.e. the plugging phenomena) so as to avoid the necessity of carrying out the backwashings with nitrogen. Moreover, said ammoximation reactor does not require external downstream separation units to separate the catalyst from the reaction mixture obtained from the ammoximation reaction. 1. Ammoximation reactor for cyclohexanone oxime production , comprising:(a) a reactor vessel provided with a stirrer;(b) an internal filtering system;(c) an internal liquid ammonia evaporation coil installed at the bottom of the reactor vessel;(d) an internal gaseous ammonia toroidal distributor connected to the outlet end of the evaporation coil;(e) an external cyclohexanone toroidal distributor;(f) an internal hydrogen peroxide toroidal distributor;(g) an internal cylindrical draft tube; and(h) an external cooling jacket.2. Ammoximation reactor according to claim 1 , wherein said stirrer is a high-performance stirrer.3. Ammoximation reactor according to claim 1 , wherein said internal filtering system comprises a set of tubular filters arranged in two concentric circular crowns claim 1 , the bottoms of each tubular filter being connected together to form two continuous toroidal connecting tubes.4. Ammoximation reactor ...

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10-04-2014 дата публикации

HEAT TREATING APPARATUS FOR POWDER PARTICLES AND METHOD OF PRODUCING TONER

Номер: US20140096409A1
Принадлежит: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A heat treating apparatus for powder particles including a cylindrical treating chamber; a powder particle-supplying unit; a hot air-supplying unit that supplies hot air for heat-treating powder particles; a cold air-supplying unit that supplies cold air for cooling the heat-treated powder particles; a regulating unit for regulating a flow of the supplied powder particles; and a recovering unit that recovers the heat-treated powder particles. The regulating unit is a substantially circular columnar member, the hot air-supplying unit has an outlet opposite to the upper end portion of the columnar member, and the regulating unit is equipped with a substantially conic distributing member for distributing the supplied hot air in a circumferential direction and a rotating member for rotating the distributed hot air in a spiral manner, on the center of the upper end portion. 1. A heat treating apparatus for powder particles each of which contains a binder resin and a colorant , the heat treating apparatus comprising:(1) a cylindrical treating chamber in which a heat treatment of the powder particles is performed,(2) a powder particle-supplying unit provided on an outer peripheral portion of the treating chamber, for supplying the powder particles to the treating chamber,(3) a hot air-supplying unit that supplies hot air for heat-treating the supplied powder particles to the treating chamber,(4) a cold air-supplying unit that supplies cold air for cooling the heat-treated powder particles to the treating chamber,(5) a regulating unit provided on the treating chamber, for regulating a flow of the supplied powder particles, and(6) a recovering unit provided at a lower end portion side of the treating chamber, that recovers the heat-treated powder particles, whereinthe regulating unit is a columnar member with a substantially circular cross-section and is arranged on a central axis of the treating chamber so as to be protruded from the lower end portion of the treating ...

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10-04-2014 дата публикации

Reactive solid/heat-transport gas reactor including a helical duct in which the solid and the gas flow in opposite directions

Номер: US20140096933A1

A solid/heat-transport and reactive gas reactor, including: a helical duct including an inlet and an outlet, the helical duct defining a helical bottom track on which a solid reagent can slide from the inlet to the outlet of the helical duct; a mechanism for bringing the solid reagent to the inlet of the helical duct; a mechanism for causing a heat-transport gas to flow in the helical duct, from the outlet to the inlet of the helical duct; a reservoir of solid reagent under the outlet of the helical duct; and a conveyor for conveying the reagent from a low point of the reservoir to the bringing mechanism.

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10-04-2014 дата публикации

Reduced sorbent utilization for circulating dry scrubbers

Номер: US20140099239A1
Принадлежит:

Circulating dry scrubbing (CDS) systems and methods utilizes a particle classification unit operation to separate unreacted sorbent (such as lime, limestone, or sodium-based sorbent) such that a reactive fraction of the cut stream may be selectively recovered to a flue gas scrubbing system. This reduces the amount of fresh sorbent that must be supplied for pollutant removal. 1. A circulating dry scrubber system comprising: a recycle stream connected to the reactor for reuse in the reactor, and', 'a purge stream; and, 'a recycle diverter configured and adapted to be connected to a circulating dry scrubber reactor to receive sorbent particles therefrom for separating particles into a coarse solids recovery stream connected to recover coarse solids from the classifier and divert them into the reactor, and', 'a waste stream for disposal of fine particles from the classifier., 'a classifier operatively connected to receive particles from the purge stream, wherein the classifier is configured to separate particles from the purge stream into2. A system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a comminutor selectively connected to receive coarse reagent solids from the coarse solids recovery stream for comminution claim 1 , and to supply comminuted solids to the reactor.3. A system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the classifier is operatively connected to continuously receive particles from the purge stream and to continuously recycle coarse solids to the reactor.4. A system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the classifier is configured and adapted to divide up to about the coarsest 30 wt % of reagent particles from the purge stream into the coarse solids recovery stream.5. A system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the classifier is configured and adapted to divide particles greater than about 50 μm in diameter into the coarse solids recovery stream.6. A system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the classifier is configured and adapted to divide particles greater than about 70 ...

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01-01-2015 дата публикации

Generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers in a refinery

Номер: US20150000186A1
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to methods of generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers by thermally processing a cellulosic biomass to form a renewable fuel oil, and then co-processing the renewable fuel oil with a petroleum fraction in a refinery to form a cellulosic-renewable identification number-compliant fuel.

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05-01-2017 дата публикации

REACTION DEVICE FOR PREPARING LIGHT OLEFINS FROM METHANOL AND/OR DIMETHYL ETHER

Номер: US20170001164A1
Автор: Liu Zhongmin, Ye Mao, Zhang Tao
Принадлежит:

A reaction device for preparing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and more specifically relates to a reaction device for preparing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether, which mainly comprises a dense phase fluidized bed reactor (), a cyclone separator (), a stripper (), a lift pipe (), a dense phase fluidized bed regenerator (), a cyclone separator (), a stripper (), and a lift pipe (), wherein the dense phase fluidized bed reactor () is separated into n (n≧2) secondary reaction zones by a material flow controller (), and the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator () is separated into m (m≧2) secondary regeneration zones by the material flow controller (). 1. A reaction device for preparing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether comprising a dense phase fluidized bed reactor , a cyclone separator , a stripper , a lift pipe , a dense phase fluidized bed regenerator , a cyclone separator , a stripper , and a lift pipe; wherein a feeding line for reactor is connected to the bottom of the dense phase fluidized bed reactor; a part of the stripper is in the dense phase fluidized bed reactor , and the remaining part thereof is below the dense phase fluidized bed reactor; the bottom of the lift pipe is connected to the bottom of the stripper , and the top of the lift pipe is connected to the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator; a feeding line for regenerator is connected to the bottom of the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator; a part of the stripper is in the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator , and the remaining part thereof is below the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator; the bottom of the lift pipe is connected to the bottom of the stripper , and the top of the lift pipe is connected to the dense phase fluidized bed reactor , wherein a material flow controller is provided in the dense phase fluidized bed reactor and/or the dense phase fluidized bed regenerator , and the dense phase fluidized bed reactor is separated into ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

Enclosure of an FCC Unit Comprising an Inner Support Device Rigidly Connected to Cyclones

Номер: US20200001260A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to an enclosure () of a fluid catalytic cracking unit in which an inner space is defined by a side wall () having a longitudinal axis extending substantially in the direction of gravity, said enclosure being provided with a plurality of mechanical separation cyclones () located inside the inner space. The enclosure () comprises a supporting device () attached only to the cyclones () by: an annular peripheral support element () extending along the side wall () in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X), separated from the side wall by a predetermined clearance; and a plurality of beams () extending in the same plane as the peripheral support element (), the beams being rigidly connected to the peripheral support element and to at least one mechanical separation cyclone by one end or by an attachment part distant from the ends thereof. 116.-. (canceled)17. A chamber of a fluid catalytic cracking unit comprising a lateral wall which delimits an internal volume having a longitudinal axis extending substantially in the direction of gravity , said chamber being provided with a plurality of mechanical separation cyclones situated inside said internal volume , characterized in that said chamber comprises , inside said internal volume , a support device secured only to the mechanical separation cyclones and comprising:a peripheral support element extending along the lateral wall in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X), distant from the lateral wall by a predetermined clearance in the plane of the support element,a plurality of beams extending in the same plane as the peripheral support element, the beams being secured to the peripheral support element and to at least one mechanical separation cyclone by an end or by a fixing part distant from its ends.18. The chamber as claimed in claim 17 , characterized in that the support device comprises other beams extending in the same plane as the peripheral support element and chosen ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE WITH STIRRED GAS/LIQUID REACTOR AND PLUG-FLOW REACTOR SEQUENCE

Номер: US20200001266A1
Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

Reaction device which makes possible the oligomerization of olefins to give linear olefins and preferably linear α-olefins, comprising a gas/liquid reactor and a reactor of plug-flow type. The reaction device is also employed in an oligomerization process. 1. Device comprising:{'b': '1', 'a gas/liquid reactor (), of elongated shape along the vertical axis, comprising a liquid phase and a gas phase located above the said liquid phase,'}{'b': '3', 'a means for introduction of the olefin () into the gas/liquid reactor employing a means for injection of the olefin within the said liquid phase of the gas/liquid reactor,'}{'b': '14', 'a means for introduction of the catalytic system () into the gas/liquid reactor,'}{'b': 13', '1, 'a recirculation loop () comprising withdrawal means in the gas/liquid reactor for the withdrawal and the dispatch of a fraction of withdrawn liquid to a heat exchanger capable of cooling the said liquid fraction, and means for introduction of the said cooled liquid, exiting from the heat exchanger, into the upper part of the gas/liquid reactor (),'}{'b': '11', 'a reactor of plug-flow type () comprising withdrawal means in the gas/liquid reactor for the withdrawal and the dispatch of a fraction of withdrawn liquid to the reactor of plug-flow type and means for recovery of a reaction effluent, at the outlet of the reactor of plug-flow type.'}2. Device according to claim 1 , in which the reactor of plug-flow type is located outside the gas/liquid reactor.3. Device according to claim 1 , in which the reactor of plug-flow type comprises a heat exchanger.4. Olefin oligomerization process employing the device according to claim 1 , at a pressure between 1.0 and 10.0 MPa and at a temperature between 0° C. and 200° C. claim 1 , comprising the following stages:{'b': '1', 'a) a catalytic oligomerization system comprising at least one metal precursor and at least one activating agent is introduced into a gas/liquid reactor () comprising a liquid phase and a ...

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03-01-2019 дата публикации

Method and device for the heat treatment of granular solids

Номер: US20190001291A1
Принадлежит:

A method for the heat treatment of granular solids includes initially introducing solids into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. Next, the solids are passed through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized. The residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it has various regions which are separated from one another, from which the solid can be withdrawn in a manner such that it is provided with a variety of residence times in the residence time reactor. 1. A method for the heat treatment of granular solids , wherein the solids are initially introduced into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. , and wherein the solids are then guided through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized , wherein the residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it is provided with various mutually separated regions from which the solid is separately removed in a manner such that it has a residence time in the residence time reactor which is of a variable duration , wherein removal from the various regions of the residence time reactor is carried out in a manner such that not all of the regions are fluidized , wherein the fluidized regions are fluidically connected in succession , whereby specific downstream regions are no longer fluidized and therefore actively removed.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein solid is actively removed from at least one region.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a circulating fluidized bed.4. The method as claimed claim 1 , wherein the air is used as the fluidizing gas in the residence time reactor.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the residence time in the first reactor ...

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05-01-2017 дата публикации

Conversion of Metal Carbonate into Metal Chloride

Номер: US20170001875A1
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

A method for producing metal chloride MClx− includes reacting metal carbonate in solid form using phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to form metal chloride MClx−, wherein the metal M is selected from the group containing alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, or Li, for example, and x corresponds to the valency of the metal cations. An apparatus for performing such method is also disclosed. 1. A method for producing metal chloride MCl , the method comprising:providing phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene,{'sup': x+', '−, 'sub': 'x', 'reacting metal carbonate as solid with the phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to produce metal chloride MCl,'}wherein the metal M is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, and Li, andwherein x indicates the valence of the metal cation.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding M as an additional reactant.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein at least one of:the metal M is used together with the metal carbonate, orphosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene is prepared in situ by reaction of chlorine with carbon monoxide.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising subsequently reacting the metal chloride to produce metal M.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising reacting the produced metal M at least partly with carbon dioxide to produce metal carbonate claim 4 , to thereby form a metal circuit.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is performed in a grid reactor or a mechanically moved fixed-bed reactor or in a cyclone reactor.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phosgene claim 1 , diphosgene and/or triphosgene is prepared by the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the carbon monoxide is produced by a reaction of metal carbonate with the metal M and/or from an electrolysis of carbon dioxide.9. An apparatus for reacting metal carbonate as solid with phosgene claim 7 , diphosgene ...

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

CARBON NANOSTRUCTURE PREPARATION METHOD, CARBON NANOSTRUCTURE PREPARED BY MEANS OF SAME, AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPRISING SAME

Номер: US20180002178A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon nanostructures using a fluidized bed reactor. According to the method, some of the as-produced carbon nanostructures remain uncollected and are used as fluidic materials to improve the fluidity in the reactor. The method enables the production of carbon nanostructures in a continuous process. In addition, the fluidity of the catalyst and the fluidic materials in the reactor is optimized, making the production of carbon nanostructures efficient. 1. A method for producing carbon nanostructures , comprising allowing a catalyst and reactant gases comprising a carbon source to flow in a fluidized bed reactor to synthesize carbon nanostructures wherein some of the carbon nanostructures remain uncollected and are used as fluidic materials in the fluidized bed reactor and wherein the residual rate of the fluidic materials is from 0.4 to 0.7 , as calculated by Equation 1:{'br': None, 'Residual rate of carbon nanostructures=Volume of remaining carbon nanostructures/(Volume of initially remaining carbon nanostructures+Volume of as-produced carbon nanostructures)\u2003\u2003[Equation 1]'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the residual rate of carbon nanostructures is determined from the difference in pressure between the bottom and top of the reactor.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the residual rate y and the conversion x of the carbon source satisfy the relation given by Equation 2:{'br': None, 'i': 'y=px+q', '[Equation 2]'}where p is a constant from 0.4 to 0.7 and q is a constant from 15 to 30.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of the catalyst supplied to the reactor satisfies the relation given by Equation 3:{'br': None, 'i': b', 'a+b, 'Catalyst supply rate=/()≦0.1\u2003\u2003[Equation 3]'}where a is the weight (g) of the carbon nanostructures remaining in the fluidized bed reactor and b is the weight (g) of the catalyst supplied.5. The method according to claim 1 , ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

Номер: US20200002165A1
Принадлежит: Palo Alto Research Center Inc

A system for hydrocarbon decomposition comprising a reactor volume, a mechanism to distribute the liquid catalyst as a liquid mist, a distributor to distribute a hydrocarbon reactant, a heat source, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid catalyst, a re-circulation path and mechanism to re-circulate the liquid catalyst, and an outlet for at least one gaseous product. A system to distribute a liquid to an enclosed volume as a mist has a plurality of orifices designed to break the liquid into a mist. A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant includes generating a mist of a liquid catalyst, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid catalyst, removing the solid and gaseous products from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid catalyst to the reactor volume.

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED MEMBRANE REACTOR

Номер: US20180002263A1
Принадлежит:

Herein disclosed is a dry reforming reactor comprising a gas inlet near the bottom of the reactor; a gas outlet near the top of the reactor; a fluidized bed comprising a catalyst; and one or more hydrogen membranes comprising palladium (Pd). In some cases, the one or more hydrogen membranes comprises Pd alloy membranes, or Pd supported on ceramics or metals. In some cases, the one or more hydrogen membranes are placed vertically in the reactor as hydrogen membrane tubes hanging from the top of the reactor. In some cases, the hydrogen membranes are configured to selectively collect hydrogen from the tubes via one or more internal manifolds and sent to an external hydrogen collection system. 1. A dry reforming reactor comprisinga gas inlet near the bottom of the reactor;a gas outlet near the top of the reactor;a fluidized bed comprising a catalyst; andone or more hydrogen membranes comprising palladium (Pd).2. The reactor of wherein said one or more hydrogen membranes comprises Pd alloy membranes claim 1 , or Pd alloys supported on ceramic or metal substrates.3. The reactor of wherein said one or more hydrogen membranes are placed vertically in the reactor as hydrogen membrane tubes hanging from the top of the reactor.4. The reactor of wherein the hydrogen membranes are configured to selectively collect hydrogen from the tubes via one or more internal manifolds and sent to an external hydrogen collection system.5. The reactor of wherein the gas inlet is configured to allow one or more feed streams to enter the reactor via a manifold or distributor.6. The reactor of wherein the catalyst comprises nickel and alumina.7. The reactor of wherein the reactor is configured to allow reformed gas to exit the top of the reactor and separate from spent catalyst.8. The reactor of wherein no steam or oxygen injection is needed.9. The reactor of is operated at a temperature range of 600-700° C. and a pressure range of 700-800 kPa.10. A method of producing dimethyl ether (DME) ...

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED MEMBRANE REACTOR

Номер: US20180002264A1
Принадлежит:

Herein disclosed is a dry reforming reactor comprising a gas inlet near the bottom of the reactor; a gas outlet near the top of the reactor; a fluidized bed comprising a catalyst; and one or more hydrogen membranes comprising palladium (Pd). In some cases, the one or more hydrogen membranes comprises Pd alloy membranes, or Pd supported on ceramics or metals. In some cases, the one or more hydrogen membranes are placed vertically in the reactor as hydrogen membrane tubes hanging from the top of the reactor. In some cases, the hydrogen membranes are configured to selectively collect hydrogen from the tubes via one or more internal manifolds and sent to an external hydrogen collection system. 1. A dry reforming reactor comprisinga gas inlet near the bottom of the reactor;a gas outlet near the top of the reactor;a fluidized bed comprising a catalyst; andone or more hydrogen membranes comprising palladium (Pd).2. The reactor of wherein said one or more hydrogen membranes comprises Pd alloy membranes claim 1 , or Pd alloys supported on ceramic or metal substrates.3. The reactor of wherein said one or more hydrogen membranes are placed vertically in the reactor as hydrogen membrane tubes hanging from the top of the reactor.4. The reactor of wherein the hydrogen membranes are configured to selectively collect hydrogen from the tubes via one or more internal manifolds and sent to an external hydrogen collection system.5. The reactor of wherein the gas inlet is configured to allow one or more feed streams to enter the reactor via a manifold or distributor.6. The reactor of wherein the catalyst comprises nickel and alumina.7. The reactor of wherein the reactor is configured to allow reformed gas to exit the top of the reactor and separate from spent catalyst.8. The reactor of configured to use no process water and no oxygen.9. The reactor of is operated at a temperature range of 600-700° C. and a pressure range of 700-800 kPa.10. The reactor of comprising one or more internal ...

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR USING SILICA PARTICLES IN FLUID BED REACTOR

Номер: US20200002271A1

The present disclosure relates to fluid bed processes that utilize silica particles as a fluidization aid. The process comprises reacting one or more reactants in a reactor comprising a fluid bed to form a product. The fluid bed comprises a catalyst composition comprising a catalyst and an inert additive composition comprising silica particles from 0.5 wt % to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst composition. The silica particles are discrete, inert particles that are mixed with the catalyst in the fluid bed. 1. A process comprising:reacting one or more reactants in a reactor comprising a fluid bed to form a product;wherein the fluid bed comprises a catalyst composition comprising a catalyst and an inert additive composition comprising from 0.5 wt % to 30 wt % of silica particles, based on the total weight of the catalyst composition,wherein the silica particles have an equivalent median particle diameter ranging from 10 microns to 500 microns.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises one or more of antimony claim 1 , uranium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , bismuth claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , oxides thereof claim 1 , or salts thereof.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has an equivalent median diameter ranging from 1 microns to 125 microns.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the silica particles have a real density ranging from 1.8 g/cmto 2.8 g/cm claim 1 , and wherein the difference between the density of the silica particles and the catalyst is less than 75%.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the silica particles have a surface area less than 50 m/g claim 1 , and wherein the silica particles have a hardness ranging from 500 to 720 as measured by ASTM E384 (2018).6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the silica particles have a sphericity ranging from 60% to 99.9%7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst composition further comprises alumina ...

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04-01-2018 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF LOW CLOUD POINT DISTILLATE FUELS

Номер: US20180002615A1
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for catalytically dewaxing a diesel boiling range feed. In some aspects, catalytic dewaxing can be performed at low hydrogen treat gas rates and/or low hydrogen purity conditions. In other aspects, the systems and methods can allow for distillate dewaxing while reducing or minimizing the amount of equipment required. 1. A method for producing distillate fuel boiling range material , comprising:{'sup': 3', '3', '3', '3, 'sub': '2', 'exposing a distillate fuel boiling range feedstock having a sulfur content of about 15 wppm or less to a dewaxing catalyst comprising a molecular sieve and a metal hydrogenation component under dewaxing conditions to produce a dewaxed effluent comprising a distillate fuel boiling range product and/or blendstock having a cloud point that is reduced relative to a cloud point of the feedstock by at least about 5° C., the dewaxing conditions comprising a total pressure of about 200 psig (about 1.4 MPag) or less, a hydrogen partial pressure of about 100 psig (about 700 kPag) or less, and a treat gas rate of about 100 SCF/bbl (about 17 Nm/m) to about 5000 SCF/bbl (about 850 Nm/m) of a treat gas comprising about 5 vol % to about 50 vol % H.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vol % of Hin the treat gas is lower than a vol % of Hin a gaseous portion of the dewaxed effluent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treat gas has a sulfur content of about 0.001 vol % or less.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dewaxing conditions further comprise a temperature of from about 500° F. (˜260° C.) to about 750° F. (˜399° C.) and a space velocity from about 0.3 hrto about 5.0 hr.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising exposing a second feedstock to a hydrotreating catalyst to form a hydrotreated effluent claim 1 , and separating the hydrotreated effluent to form the distillate fuel boiling range feedstock.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the effective hydrotreating conditions comprise a pressure from about 200 ...

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

FCC YIELD SELECTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH CONTAINMENT RISER TERMINATION SYSTEMS

Номер: US20210002559A1
Принадлежит:

The invention provides an improved system for separation technology intended to reduce unwanted catalyst/thermal reactions by minimizing contact of the hydrocarbons and the catalyst within the reactor. 1. The process for increasing hydrocarbon yield and decreasing coke production in an FCC reactor having a separation unit and at least one chamber window , wherein the bottom of the separation unit is spaced apart from a bed of fluidized catalyst , comprising the step of locating the bed of fluidized catalyst level in the FCC reactor such that the bed of fluidized catalyst is directly above the at least one chamber windows of the separation unit.2. The process of wherein the catalyst bed level falls within the range of 125 IWC to 170 IWC.3. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 32.8 lbs/ftat an operating level of 125 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.4. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 36.9 lbs/ftat an operating level of 140 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.5. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 41 lbs/ftat an operating level of 150 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.6. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 45.1 lbs/ftat an operating level of 170 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.7. The process of wherein the distance between the bottom of the separation unit and the top of the catalyst bed is maximized to prevent fluidized catalyst from entering the bottom of the separator unit.8. The process of wherein fluidized catalyst is prevented from entering the separation unit by means of a baffle member positioned between the bottom of the separation unit and the top of the fluidized bed.9. The process of wherein hydrocarbon gases evacuate from the fluidized bed after residence in the catalyst through at least one vent tube which carry the clean hydrocarbon gases directly to the top region of the separator unit.10. A process for increasing hydrocarbon yield and decreasing coke production in an FCC reactor having a separation unit ...

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESSES AND APPARATUS

Номер: US20210002564A1
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY LLC

Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include a conventional riser reactor in combination with a mixed flow (e.g., including both counter-current and co-current catalyst flows) fluidized bed reactor designed for maximizing light olefins production. The effluents from the riser reactor and mixed flow reactor are processed in a catalyst disengagement vessel, and the catalysts used in each reactor may be regenerated in a common catalyst regeneration vessel. Further, integration of the two-reactor scheme with a catalyst cooler provides a refinery the flexibility of switching the operation between the two-reactor flow scheme, a catalyst cooler only flow scheme, or using both simultaneously. 1. A system for processing hydrocarbons , comprising:a riser reactor configured to contact a mixture of first particles and second particles with a hydrocarbon feedstock to convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock and to recover a riser reactor effluent comprising mixed hydrocarbons and the mixture of the first and second particles, wherein the first particle has a smaller average particle size and/or is less dense than the second particle, and wherein the first particle and second particle may independently be catalytic or non-catalytic particles; an overhead product line for recovering from the reactor a reactor effluent comprising first particles, a first portion of the second particles, and hydrocarbons;', 'a bottoms product line for recovering from the reactor a second stream comprising a second portion of the second particles;, 'a reactor configured to contact a mixture comprising the first particles and the second particles with a second hydrocarbon feedstock to convert at least a portion of the second hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the reactor is fluidly connected toa particle separator configured to separate second particles from the reactor effluent, and to ...

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01-01-2015 дата публикации

Fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus

Номер: US20150004067A1
Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to a fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus having one or more ports for injecting a renewable fuel oil for co-processing the renewable fuel oil and a petroleum fraction.

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03-01-2019 дата публикации

Fluidized Bed Reactor Adapted For The Production Of Biphased Systems

Номер: US20190003045A1
Принадлежит:

A fluidized bed reactor designed for in situ gas phase impregnation. The reactor comprises a tube with an upstream zone and a downstream zone, the upstream zone and the downstream zone being separated by a separation filter. A method for a controlled-deposition of a sublimated precursor onto a fluidized solid support. The method is remarkable in that it is carried out in situ within the tube of the fluidized bed reactor in accordance with the fluidized bed reactor. 120-. (canceled)21. A fluidized bed reactor , said fluidized bed reactor comprising:a gas inlet and a gas outlet being located downstream from the gas inlet;a tube inserted between the gas inlet and the gas outlet; anda heating part connected to the tube,wherein the tube comprises an upstream zone and a downstream zone, the upstream zone and the downstream zone being separated by a separation filter.22. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 21 , wherein the tube is made of material which is resistant to temperature of at least up to 1000° C. and is transparent.23. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 21 , wherein the tube is made of quartz.24. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 21 , wherein the upstream zone is delimited by the separation filter and by a first porous filter claim 21 , and the downstream zone is delimited by the separation filter and by a second porous filter.25. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 24 , wherein the tube is inserted between the gas inlet and the gas outlet with respectively a first seal and a second seal.26. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 25 , wherein the first porous filter is adjacent to the first seal and the second porous filter is adjacent to the second seal.27. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 21 , wherein the heating part is at least one of a heating cable claim 21 , a heating jacket and a thermal activation source.28. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 21 , wherein at least one vibrator is ...

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13-01-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF MATERIALS

Номер: US20220008875A1
Принадлежит: UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID

A system for the treatment of materials, to be selected from between materials in a fluid state () and particles suspended in a fluid material (), comprising at least one upper kinematic pair equipped with two mechanical elements (), said kinematic pair being in contact with a material in a fluid state () or with particles suspended in a fluid material (); motor means () to generate a pre-set relative velocity (v) between the elements () of said kinematic pair, and tensioning means () to subject said kinematic pair to a pre-set pressure (P). 1. A system for the treatment of materials , selected from between materials in a fluid state and particles suspended in a fluid material , comprising:at least one upper kinematic pair equipped with two mechanical elements, said kinematic pair being in contact with a material in a fluid state or in contact with particles suspended in a fluid material;motor means to generate a pre-set relative velocity (v) between the mechanical elements of said kinematic pair; andtensioning means to subject said kinematic pair to a pre-set contact pressure (p); characterised in that the upper kinematic pair is formed by at least one bearing equipped with rolling elements arranged between a moving ring and a fixed ring.2. The treatment system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the bearing comprises a cage for separating the rolling elements.3. The treatment system according to claim 1 , characterised in that it comprises at least one upper kinematic pair formed by a gear claim 1 , a cam-follower mechanism claim 1 , a chain-sprocket mechanism claim 1 , a chain transmission claim 1 , a belt transmission claim 1 , a cable transmission claim 1 , a pin-on-disk tribometer claim 1 , or a ball-on-disk tribometer.4. The treatment system according to claim 1 , characterised in that the upper kinematic pairs are housed in a chamber hermetically closed by a cover.5. The treatment system according to claim 4 , characterised in that the closed ...

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12-01-2017 дата публикации

Method for producing devulcanized rubber and an apparatus therefor

Номер: US20170009044A1
Автор: Gopinath B. Sekhar
Принадлежит: SEKHAR RESEARCH INNOVATIONS Sdn Bhd

A method for producing devulcanized rubber and an apparatus ( 100 ) therefor. The method for producing devulcanized rubber comprises the steps of (1) providing vulcanized rubber particles with a pre-determined particle size and (2) devulcanizing the vulcanized rubber particles. The vulcanized rubber particles are devulcanized mechanically by impact forces and devulcanized chemically by a chemical composition. The impact forces break sulphur-sulphur and sulphur-carbon bonds of the vulcanized rubber particles causing surfaces of the rubber to become receptive in reacting with the chemical composition and the chemical composition renders the sulphur passive to prevent reattachment of the bonds, of which the chemical composition comprises at least one accelerator, at least one inorganic activator and at least one organic activator.

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12-01-2017 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAXIMIZING LIGHT OLEFINS OR MIDDLE DISTILLATES AND LIGHT OLEFINS

Номер: US20170009150A1
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY INC.

A fluid catalytic cracking apparatus and process is disclosed, providing for efficient conversion of heavy hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins, aromatics, and gasoline. A countercurrent flow reactor operating in bubbling or turbulent fluidization regimes is integrated with a fluid catalytic cracking riser reactor. A heavy hydrocarbon feed is catalytically cracked to naphtha and light olefins in the riser reactor, a co-current flow reactor. To enhance the yields and selectivity to light olefins, cracked hydrocarbon products from the riser reactor, such as Cand naphtha range hydrocarbons, may be recycled and processed in the countercurrent flow reactor. The integration of the countercurrent flow reactor with a conventional FCC riser reactor and catalyst regeneration system may overcome heat balance issues commonly associated with two-stage cracking processes, may substantially increase the overall conversion and light olefins yield, and/or may increases the capability to process heavier feedstocks. 117-. (canceled)18. An apparatus for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons , comprising:a catalyst regeneration vessel for regenerating a spent catalyst comprising a first cracking catalyst having a first average particle size and density and a second cracking catalyst having a second average particle size and density to form a regenerated catalyst comprising the first cracking catalyst and the second cracking catalyst, wherein the average particle size of the first cracking catalyst is less than the average particle size of the second cracking catalyst;a riser reactor for contacting in co-current flow a first hydrocarbon feed with a first portion of the regenerated catalyst to produce a first effluent comprising a first cracked hydrocarbon product and a spent mixed catalyst fraction;a flow conduit for feeding a second portion of the regenerated catalyst to a second cracking reactor; separate the first cracking catalyst from the second cracking catalyst based on at least ...

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27-01-2022 дата публикации

COMBUSTOR AIR BAG GRID FOR USE WITHIN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR, AND A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Номер: US20220023816A1
Автор: Cwielag Jan
Принадлежит:

A combustor air bar grid for use within a fluidized bed reactor includes at least two main air collector bars in fluid communication with a source of fluidizing gas, a plurality of primary air bars that are transversal to the main air collector bars and arranged on the at least two main air collector bars such that the main air collector bars support them, and in fluid communication to at least two of the main air collector bars. The main air collector bars and the primary air bars define ash removal openings in the air bar grid and a plurality of fluidized nozzles are arranged to each of the primary air bars for fluidizing the bed reactor. A fluidized bed reactor includes such a combustor air bar grid. 112.-. (canceled)13. A combustor air bar grid for use within a fluidized bed reactor , the combustor air bar grid comprising:at least two main air collector bars in fluid communication with a source of fluidizing gas;a plurality of primary air bars that are transverse to the main air collector bars and arranged on the at least two main air collector bars such that the main air collector bars support the plurality of primary air bars, the plurality of primary air bars being in fluid communication with at least two of the main air collector bars, and the main air collector bars and the primary air bars defining ash removal openings in the air bar grid;a plurality of fluidizing nozzles arranged to each of the primary air bars for fluidizing the bed reactor; anda number of ash hoppers arranged beneath the ash removal openings,wherein the main air collector bars are configured to form external air-cooled walls for the ash hoppers that are cooled with the pressurized fluidizing gas.14. The combustor air bar grid according to claim 13 , wherein the main air collector bars are in fluid communication with the primary air bars via fluidizing gas transmitting openings formed in the upper side of each collector bar and in the bottom side of each primary air bar that overlap with ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

CATALYTIC CRACKING SYSTEM WITH BIO-OIL PROCESSING

Номер: US20210008517A1
Принадлежит:

A catalytic cracking system in which liquid hydrocarbon and bio-oil are directed into a reactor riser of a fluid catalytic cracking unit by separate feed spray nozzle assemblies. To protect liquid bio-oil directed through the liquid bio-oil feed nozzle assembly from high temperature degradation, an insulating layer is provided between a central bio-oil feed tube in a concentrically surrounding atomizing gas passageway. Cooling channels also may be provided in the spray tip of the bio-oil feed nozzle assembly. 1. A catalytic cracking system comprising:a catalytic cracking reactor;a riser communicating upwardly to said catalytic cracking reactor;a supply of a liquid hydrocarbon;a first feed spray nozzle assembly mounted in and extending through a wall of said riser and having a spray tip at a downstream end, said first feed spray nozzle assembly having an upstream end coupled to a supply of liquid hydrocarbon and a supply of atomizing gas such that liquid hydrocarbon directed through said first feed spray nozzle assembly is atomized by the atomizing gas and discharged from said spray tip into riser as a finely atomized liquid hydrocarbon spray;a second feed spray nozzle assembly comprising an elongated nozzle body mounted in and extending through the wall of said catalytic cracking riser and having a spray tip at a downstream end;a bio-oil feed tube supported within the elongated nozzle body having an upstream end connected to a supply of a liquid bio-oil for directing liquid bio-oil through bio-oil feed tube to said spray tip;said elongated nozzle body defining an annular atomizing gas passage in surrounding relation to said bio-oil feed tube; said annular atomizing gas passage being connected to a supply of atomizing gas for direction through said annular atomizing gas passage for atomizing liquid bio-oil discharging from the liquid feed tube and spray tip into a fine particle liquid bio-oil spray; andan annular insulating layer between said bio-oil feed tube and ...

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10-01-2019 дата публикации

METHODS, DEVICES AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING OF CARBONACEOUS COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20190009238A1
Автор: LAINE Scott
Принадлежит:

Provided herein are methods, devices and systems for processing of carbonaceous compositions. The processing may include the manufacture (or synthesis) of oxidized forms of carbonaceous compositions and/or the manufacture (or synthesis) of reduced forms of oxidized carbonaceous compositions. Some embodiments provide methods, devices and systems for the manufacture (or synthesis) of graphite oxide from graphite and/or for the manufacture (or synthesis) of reduced graphite oxide from graphite oxide. 2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor disposed within the reaction vessel.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the sensor measures temperature claim 2 , pH claim 2 , or salt concentration.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the system comprises a control unit configured to maintain a first temperature within the reaction vessel before addition of a catalyst.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the control unit is configured to modulate a rate of addition of the catalyst into the reaction vessel to maintain a second temperature that is different from the first temperature inside the reaction vessel.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the control unit is configured with a pre-programmed protocol for controlling the conversion of graphite into graphene oxide.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system modulates a rate of addition of one or more reactants into the reaction vessel to maintain a reaction temperature no greater than 15° C.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises one or more cooling coils for reducing a reaction temperature inside the reaction vessel.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the system is configured to dispense chilled water into the tank to lower the temperature of the graphene oxide.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reaction vessel and the tank are in fluid communication claim 1 , and the reaction vessel is positioned at a higher position relative to the tank to enable transfer of the graphene oxide from the reaction ...

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11-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY VANADIUM TETRAOXIDE POWDER

Номер: US20180009674A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system and method for producing high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is purified by rectification, and then subjected to fluidized gas phase hydrolyzation, thereby producing a high-purity vanadium pentoxide product and a by-product solution of hydrochloric acid, and further obtaining a high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder product through fluidized hydrogen reduction. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, no discharge of contaminated wastewater, low energy consumption, etc. 1. A system for producing high-purity vanadium tetraoxide powder ,comprising a feeding device, a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed, a rectification and purification device, a gas phase hydrolyzation fluidized bed, a high-purity vanadium pentoxide feeding device, a reduction fluidized bed, a tail gas washing absorber, an induced draft fan and a chimney;wherein the feeding device comprises an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide hopper, an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide screw feeder, a carbon powder hopper and a carbon powder screw feeder;the low temperature chlorination fluidized bed comprises a chlorination bed feeder, a chlorination fluidized bed body, a chlorination bed cyclone separator, a flue gas heat exchanger, a flue gas condenser, a chlorination bed acid-seal tank and a chlorination bed spiral slag-discharging device;the rectification and purification device comprises a distilling still, ...

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09-01-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING BED AGGLOMERATION IN FLUIDIZED-BED BOILERS

Номер: US20200009521A1
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to fluidized-bed boilers and methods for controlling bed agglomeration that can occur when biomass containing high amounts of phosphorus is used as fuel. Iron-containing compounds, such as iron oxide, are added to the fluidized bed to tie up the phosphorus in a form that will not react under typical operating conditions for fluidized-bed boilers. 1. A method for reducing bed agglomeration in a fluidized-bed boiler when a biomass fuel is combusted , comprising:adding at least one iron-containing compound to a fluidized bed of the fluidized-bed boiler.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is an iron (II) oxide; an iron (III) oxide; an iron (II) halide; an iron (III) halide; an iron (III) iodate; or an iron (II) carbonate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is water soluble claim 1 , and is added in the form of a solution.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is water insoluble claim 1 , and is added in the form of a suspension or emulsion.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass fuel is corn stover claim 1 , switch grass claim 1 , miscanthus claim 1 , or hybrid poplar.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluidized-bed boiler operates at a temperature of about 1200° F. to about 2000° F. (about 648° C. to about 1093° C.).7. The method of claim 1 , wherein an air/fuel stoichiometry of the fluidized-bed boiler is about 0.4 to about 0.5.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is added to the fluidized bed in an amount of up to 12 wt % of the biomass fuel.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is added to the fluidized bed in an amount of up to 3 moles per mole of (sodium oxides+potassium oxides+phosphorus oxides).10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one iron-containing compound is added to the fluidized bed in an amount of up to 3 ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

Fluid Bed Steam Cracking Using Direct Heating

Номер: US20210009903A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for performing steam cracking on a feed while using direct heating of the reaction environment. The heating of the reaction environment can be achieved in part by transporting heat transfer particles from a heating zone to cracking zone. This can be performed in a fluidized bed reactor, a moving bed reactor, a riser reactor, or another type of reactor that can allow for catalyst movement and regeneration during operation. 1. A method for performing steam cracking using direct heat transfer , comprising:fluidizing a bed of heat transfer particles with a fluidizing gas comprising one or more of steam, oxygen, and a first portion of a hydrocarbon feedstock, the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles comprising a heating zone and a cracking zone above the heating zone;exposing the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles to oxygen in the heating zone under oxidizing conditions to generate a temperature in the heating zone of about 760° C. to about 1900° C., at least a portion of the heat transfer particles in the heating zone comprising coke;exposing the hydrocarbon feedstock to the fluidized bed of heat transfer particles in the presence of steam in the cracking zone at a temperature of about 590° C. to about 1060° C. to generate cracked products and coke on heat transfer particles, the temperature in the heating zone being greater than the temperature in the cracking zone;contacting at least a portion of the cracked products with at least one of heat exchange surfaces and quench fluid in a quench zone above the cracking zone to form quenched cracked products; andwithdrawing a portion of the heat transfer particles from the heating zone and returning the heat transfer particles into at least one of the cracking zone and the quench zone.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising oligomerizing olefins in the quenched cracked product to form an oligomerized product.3. A method for performing steam cracking using direct heat transfer ...

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14-01-2021 дата публикации

PELLETS USED IN CELL CULTURE AND METHODS OF MAKING THEREOF

Номер: US20210009942A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed generally to dry cell culture media or feeds in pellet formats which can be reconstituted into liquid media for culturing cells in vitro. Each pellet composition may comprise the same or a different composition; for example, different vitamins, amino acids, buffers, trace salts, pH, iron chelators, etc. The invention also relates to methods of making dry cell culture media by altering ratios of different pellet compositions, or, methods of making modular dry cell culture media, or customizing media formulations for growing a cell type using pellets. The media pellets may be easier to handle either before reconstitution, during shipping and handling; and/or during reconstitution. Media pellets may be used in any container like bags including sterile, single use bags for preparing media formulations. The invention also relates to kits and culture systems using media pellets. 126.-. (canceled)27. A pelletized cell culture medium , feed , supplement or additive comprising one or more amino acids , one or more binders , one or more vitamins , one or more salts , and one or more trace components , wherein the amino acids are 25 to 40 percent , the binders are 20 to 65 percent , the vitamins are 1 to 5 percent , the salts are 2 to 10 percent , and the trace components are 0.01 to 0.05 percent.28. (canceled)29. The pelletized cell culture medium claim 27 , feed claim 27 , supplement or additive of claim 27 , wherein the vitamins are selected from one or more of vitamin B12 claim 27 , biotin claim 27 , choline claim 27 , folic acid claim 27 , niacinamide claim 27 , pyridoxine claim 27 , riboflavin claim 27 , thiamine claim 27 , ascorbic acid claim 27 , and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).30. (canceled)31. The pelletized cell culture medium claim 27 , feed claim 27 , supplement or additive of claim 27 , wherein the salts are selected from one or more of buffer salts claim 27 , iron claim 27 , zinc claim 27 , calcium claim 27 , copper claim 27 , ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

FLOW DISTRIBUTOR AND REACTOR USING SUCH FLOW DISTRIBUTOR

Номер: US20220032244A1
Автор: Byström Emil
Принадлежит: Spinchem AB

A cylindrical flow distributor () for performing, by means of solid reaction members, a biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from, or release of agents to, a fluidic media is provided. The flow distributor () comprises: a top wall (); a bottom wall () comprising a central through going opening (); and an outer wall () extending between the top wall () and the bottom wall (). The top wall (), the bottom wall () and an inner envelope surface () of said outer wall () together define a confinement () configured to contain solid reaction membersor a rigid body of a reaction member material. The outer wall () comprises a first plurality of longitudinally extending ribs () arranged side by side with longitudinal gaps () extending in the circumferential direction between two adjacent ribs (), and a circumferentially extending first scaffold () encircling and being fixedly attached to a peripheral outer surface () of said plurality of longitudinally extending ribs (). Further, a reactor using such flow distributor () is provided. 1. A cylindrical flow distributor for performing , by means of solid reaction members , a biological or chemical transformation , or physical or chemical trapping from , or release of agents to , a fluidic media , the flow distributor comprising:a top wall;a bottom wall comprising a central through going opening;an outer wall extending between the top wall and the bottom wall; andan inner wall;wherein the outer wall comprises a first plurality of longitudinally extending ribs arranged side by side along a longitudinal centerline of the flow distributor with gaps extending in the circumferential direction between two adjacent ribs, and a circumferentially extending first scaffold encircling and being fixedly attached to a peripheral outer surface of said plurality of longitudinally extending ribs;wherein the inner wall comprises a second scaffold having an extension along an axial direction of the flow distributor, ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REACTING FEED WITH A FLUIDIZED CATALYST OVER A TEMPERATURE PROFILE

Номер: US20220032250A1
Принадлежит:

A fluidized catalytic reactor utilizes an ascending temperature profile. The apparatus and process deliver cooler spent catalyst to a first catalyst distributor and a hotter regenerated catalyst to a second catalyst distributor that are spaced apart from each other. The reactant stream first encounters the first stream of catalyst and then encounters the second stream of catalyst. The process and apparatus stage the addition of hot catalyst to the reactant stream. The process and apparatus may be particularly advantageous in an endothermic reaction because the hotter catalyst will encounter reactants that have cooled due to the progression of endothermic reactions. 1. A reactor for contacting a reactant stream with a catalyst comprising:a reactant distributor for distributing the reactant stream to the reactor;a first catalyst inlet for feeding a first stream of catalyst to the reactor;a second catalyst inlet for feeding a second stream of catalyst to the reactor, the first catalyst inlet being closer to the reactant distributor than the second catalyst inlet;a product outlet for discharging product from the reactor, the second catalyst distributor being closer to the reactant distributor than the product outlet.2. The reactor of further comprising a regenerated catalyst pipe connected to said second catalyst inlet claim 1 , the regenerated catalyst pipe having an inlet connected to a catalyst regenerator.3. The reactor of further comprising a reaction chamber containing said first catalyst inlet and said second catalyst inlet and a separation chamber comprising a primary catalyst separator for separating catalyst from product gases claim 1 , said primary catalyst separator being located closer to the second catalyst inlet than the product outlet.4. The reactor of further comprising a recycle catalyst pipe connected to said first catalyst inlet claim 3 , the recycle catalyst pipe having an inlet in the separation chamber.5. The reactor of further comprising a ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REACTING FEED WITH FLUIDIZED CATALYST AND CONFINED QUENCH

Номер: US20220033326A1
Принадлежит:

A dehydrogenation process and apparatus contact a paraffinic stream with dehydrogenation catalyst to product olefinic product gases. The olefinic product gases are separated from spent dehydrogenation catalyst and contained in a confined space that has a smaller volume than the reactor particularly at the same elevation. The containment of the olefinic product gases facilitates quenching the olefinic product gases to terminate reaction and improve selectivity to propylene. 1. A process for contacting a paraffin stream with dehydrogenation catalyst comprising:distributing a paraffin stream to a reactor;contacting said reactant stream with a dehydrogenation catalyst stream to produce olefinic product gases and spent dehydrogenation catalyst;separating a spent dehydrogenation catalyst stream from an olefinic product gas stream in a primary separator;containing said olefinic product gas in a contained space having a volume smaller than the volume of the reactor at the same elevation;quenching said olefinic product gases in said contained space; anddischarging said olefinic product gases from said reactor.2. The process of wherein said contained space has a wall that is spaced apart from a shell of the reactor.3. The process of further comprising a plurality of cyclone separators in said separation chamber and ducting said olefinic product gases from said contained space into said cyclone separators.4. The process of further comprising separating a spent dehydrogenation catalyst from said olefinic product gases in said cyclone separators and dispensing said dehydrogenation catalyst by dip legs of said cyclone separators through a baffle into a dense dehydrogenation catalyst bed.5. The process of wherein said spent dehydrogenation catalyst stream separated from said olefinic product gases in said primary separator falls into said dense dehydrogenation catalyst bed.6. The process of wherein said spent dehydrogenation catalyst stream separated from said olefinic product ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

On-Line Adjustment of Mixed Catalyst Ratio By Trim and Olefin Polymerization with the Same

Номер: US20220033536A1
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

In an embodiment, a method for producing a polyolefin is provided. The method includes: contacting a first composition and a second composition in a line to form a third composition, wherein: the first composition comprises a contact product of a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a support, and a diluent, wherein the mol ratio of second catalyst to first catalyst is from 60:40 to 40:60, the second composition comprises a contact product of the second catalyst and a second diluent; introducing the third composition from the line into a gas-phase fluidized bed reactor; exposing the third composition to polymerization conditions; and obtaining a polyolefin.

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

MOVING BED CATALYTIC REACTOR FOR MANAGING INTERRUPTIONS TO THE CIRCULATION OF CATALYST, AND PROCESS USING SAID REACTOR

Номер: US20170014791A1
Автор: LAMBERT Fabian
Принадлежит: AXENS

The present invention describes a catalytic reactor operating as a moving bed to manage interruptions in the circulation of catalyst while at the same time avoiding mechanical damage to the contact means containing the catalyst. The invention also concerns a refining or petrochemicals process using the reactor in accordance with the invention. 1571351157. A catalytic reactor employing a moving bed catalyst , in which the catalyst is enclosed in baskets () and in which said baskets are movable along a substantially vertical axis and provided with flaps ( , ) which are themselves substantially vertical , installed in the lower portion of said baskets () , and in which , during an interruption to the circulation of catalyst , a storage space () for catalyst located in the lower portion of the reactor is opened up by lifting the assembly of the basket () and the attached flaps () upwards.2. The catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , in which circulation of the catalyst under gravity is resumed as soon as the circulation is re-established.35553. The moving bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , in which the catalyst is enclosed in baskets () which are annular in shape claim 1 , wherein the walls are constituted by screens which allow the feed to pass from the exterior towards the interior of the basket () claim 1 , then the reaction effluents to pass from the interior of the basket () towards a centre pipe ().4713121412145141112. The moving bed catalytic reactor according to claim 1 , in which the flaps ( claim 1 , ) slide in vertical sleeves () and are provided with windows () which are obstructed by the sleeves () during normal circulation claim 1 , said windows () being opened up when the basket () is lifted following an interruption to the circulation claim 1 , thus allowing the catalyst to pass through said windows () towards a storage zone () located in the lower portion of the reactor between the sleeve () and the wall of the catalyst.51411. The moving bed ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

NAPHTHA CATALYTIC CRACKING CATALYST, CATALYTIC CRACKING METHOD AND REACTION DEVICE

Номер: US20220033713A1
Принадлежит:

A method for catalytic cracking of naphtha is provided. Naphtha is catalytically cracked under the action of a catalyst. The catalyst includes aluminosilicate, alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, TiO, iron oxide, vanadium oxide and nickel oxide. On the other hand, a rapid separation component is arranged in a disengager of a catalytic cracking reaction device, so that a transport disengaging height is greatly reduced without changing a gas flow and a diameter of the disengager. In addition, the separation efficiency of oil gas and the catalyst is improved. 1. A method for catalytic cracking of naphtha , comprising:{'b': '1', 'S: delivering a catalyst in a pre-lift pipe through a regenerator sloped pipe and to flow upward under the action of a pre-lift medium to enter a dense phase section of a reactor,'}feeding a feedstock containing naphtha into the reactor tangentially upward through a nozzle located at a bottom of the dense phase section of the reactor;feeding the feedstock, by the nozzle of the reactor, along a tangential direction of a circular cross-sectional of the dense phase section of the reactor at an angle of 10-90° to a vertical direction;{'b': '2', 'S: enabling oil gas and the catalyst from a riser pipe to enter a settler of a reaction device,'}enabling the oil gas from the disengager to enter a separation system, and enabling the catalyst to flow out through a conveying part of a cyclone to fall into a settler stripping section;{'b': '3', 'S: stripping the catalyst, enabling the catalyst stripped to enter a regenerator through a spent sloped pipe, and heating the catalyst in the regenerator; and'}{'b': '4', 'S: enabling the catalyst to enter a disengager section of the regenerator to fall into a stripping section of the disengager section of the regenerator and enter a degassing tank, and'}stripping the catalyst in the degassing tank and enabling the catalyst stripped to return to the reactor through the regenerator sloped pipe.2. The ...

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18-01-2018 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR AND A PROCESS USING SAME TO PRODUCE HIGH PURITY GRANULAR POLYSILICON

Номер: US20180015435A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, comprising a reaction tube, a distributor and a heating device, the reaction tube and the distributor at the bottom of the reaction tube composing a closed space, the distributor comprising a gas inlet and a product outlet, and the reaction tube comprising a tail gas outlet and a seed inlet at the top or upper part respectively, characterized in that the reaction tube comprises a reaction inner tube and a reaction outer tube, and the heating device is an induction heating device placed within a hollow cavity formed between the external wall of the reaction inner tube and the internal wall of the reaction outer tube, wherein the hollow cavity is filled with hydrogen, nitrogen or inert gas for protection, and is able to maintain a pressure of about 0.01 to about 5 MPa; and also to a process of producing high purity granular polysilicon using the reactor. The fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention uses induction heating to heat directly the silicon particles inside the reaction chamber, such that the temperature of the reaction tube is lower than that inside the reaction chamber, which accordingly avoids deposition on the tube wall and results in more uniform heating, and thus is useful for large diameter fluidized bed reactors with much increased output for a single reactor. 1. A fluidized bed reactor , comprising a reaction tube , a distributor and a heating device , the reaction tube and the distributor at the bottom of the reaction tube composing a closed space , the distributor comprising a gas inlet and a product outlet , and the reaction tube comprising a tail gas outlet and a seed inlet respectively at the top or upper part , wherein the reaction tube comprises a reaction inner tube and a reaction outer tube , and the heating device is an induction heating device placed within a hollow cavity formed between the external wall of the reaction inner tube and the internal wall of the ...

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONVERTING CARBONACEOUS FUELS

Номер: US20160016137A1
Автор: Fan Liang-Shih, Wang Dawei
Принадлежит:

A system for converting carbonaceous fuels is provided. The system includes a gaseous fuel conversion reactor, a solid fuel conversion reactor, and a fuel pretreatment fluidized bed reactor disposed between the gaseous fuel conversion reactor and the solid fuel conversion reactor. The fuel pretreatment fluidized bed reactor devolatilizes a solid fuel using heat to produce an off-gas and a devolatilized solid fuel. The gaseous fuel conversion reactor converts the off-gas from the fuel pretreatment fluidized bed reactor to a product gas stream comprising carbon dioxide and water. The solid fuel conversion reactor receives a mixture of oxygen carrier solids and devolatilized solid fuel from the pretreatment reactor discharge and reduces the devolatilized solid fuel with the oxygen carrier solids to convert the devolatilized solid fuel to an intermediate gas.

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for Forming a Hydrocarbon Product

Номер: US20160016862A1
Автор: Noyes Dallas B.
Принадлежит: Seerstone LLC

A method of forming a hydrocarbon product comprises reacting at least one carbon oxide and at least one lower hydrocarbon in the presence of a plurality of catalyst-containing structures each comprising a nanofiber bound to at least one catalyst nanoparticle to form at least one higher hydrocarbon. Other methods of forming a hydrocarbon are also disclosed, as is a system forming a hydrocarbon product.

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING FLOW IN RADIAL FLOW REACTOR

Номер: US20190015807A1
Принадлежит:

A scallop, center pipe, and outer basket for use in a radial flow reactor are provided. Each of the scallop, the center pipe, and the outer basket is formed of an elongated conduit having a top end and an opposing bottom end, and a plurality of openings formed in the elongated conduit through a thickness thereof. A diameter of the plurality of openings progressively increases or decreases from the top end to the opposing bottom end of the elongated conduit so as to allow a feedstock to flow radially out through the plurality of openings on the scallop or outer basket, or to allow a feedstock to flow uniformly into the center pipe through the plurality of openings. A system utilizing the center pipe together with either the scallop or the outer basket is also provided. 1. A scallop for use in a radial flow reactor , comprising:an elongated conduit having a top end and an opposing bottom end and a rounded distribution side;a plurality of openings formed in the elongated conduit through a thickness thereof,wherein a diameter of the plurality of openings progressively increases or decreases from the top end to the opposing bottom end of the elongated conduit so as to allow a feedstock to flow uniformly out of the scallop through the plurality of openings; anda profile wire scallop overlay positioned on the rounded distribution side of the elongated conduit to prevent catalyst particles from flowing into the scallop.2. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of openings are generally circular claim 1 , square claim 1 , rectangular claim 1 , triangular claim 1 , oval claim 1 , or oblong in shape.3. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the elongated conduit is formed of stainless steel.4. The scallop of claim 1 , wherein the elongated conduit has a back side and with the rounded distribution side forms a “D”-shaped cross section.5. (canceled)6. The scallop of claim 4 , wherein the radial flow reactor includes a reactor vessel claim 4 , and the back side of the elongated ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR EFFICIENT MIXING OF LAMINAR, LOW-VELOCITY FLUIDS

Номер: US20200016561A1
Автор: Roode Matthew J.
Принадлежит: The Boeing Company

A gas delivery system and method for delivering reactants such as a first gas through a first conduit and a second gas through at least one second conduit, for example, through a plurality of second conduits. The plurality of second conduits may each have a length, wherein at least a portion of the length is entirely disposed within the first conduit. In an implementation, the first conduit may deliver carbon monoxide and the one or more second conduits may deliver carbon monoxide doped with a catalyst such as iron pentacarbonyl. The first and second gases may be introduced into a reaction vessel such as a reactor chamber and used to form carbon nanotubes. 1. A gas delivery system , comprising:a first conduit having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the first conduit is attached to a first gas source; the first end of the second conduit is attached to a second gas source; and', 'the second conduit has a length and is positioned entirely within an interior of the first conduit over at least a portion of the length; and, 'a second conduit having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of the first conduit; and', 'the second end of the second conduit, wherein the gas delivery port is configured to deliver a first gas within the first gas source through the first conduit into a reactor chamber and a second gas within the second gas source through the second conduit to the reactor chamber., 'a gas delivery port, comprising2. The gas delivery system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of second conduits each having a length claim 1 , and the length of each second conduit is positioned entirely within the interior of the first conduit over at least a portion of the length of the second conduits.3. The gas delivery system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of second conduits are freestanding within the interior of the first conduit and are free from physical contact with the first conduit over the portion of the lengths of the ...

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21-01-2021 дата публикации

A CO TO CO2 COMBUSTION PROMOTER

Номер: US20210016260A1
Автор: ARU Guido William
Принадлежит: COCHISE TECHNOLOGY, LLC

The invention is directed to a CO to COcombustion promoter comprising microsphere sized porous silica and/or alumina comprising particles further comprising on or more Group VIII noble metals wherein the noble metal is distributed in the particle as an eggshell such that a higher content of noble metal is present in the outer region of the particle as compared to the content of noble metal in the center of the particle. 1. A CO to COcombustion promoter comprising microsphere sized porous particles comprising at least one of silica and alumina and further comprising one or more Group VIII noble metals wherein the noble metal is distributed in the particle as an eggshell such that a higher content of noble metal is present in the outer region of the particle as compared to the content of noble metal in the centre of the particle.2. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein the microsphere sized particles have an average (D50) size of between 60 and 90 microns as measured by laser diffraction.3. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein microsphere sized particle is a gamma and/or theta alumina particle.4. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein the microsphere sized particle is a spray dried silica particle.5. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein the microsphere sized particle is an equilibrium or spent catalyst as obtained from a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) process.6. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein the attrition index as measured according to ASTM D-5757 of the CO to COcombustion promoter for a sieve fraction of combustion promoter particles of between 40 and 105 microns is between 5 and 25.7. The combustion promoter according to claim 6 , wherein the attrition index of the CO to COcombustion promoter for a sieve fraction of combustion promoter particles of between 40 and 105 microns is between 10 and 20.8. The combustion promoter according to claim 1 , wherein the Group VIII ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

PRODUCING FERTILIZER GRANULES WITH A DEFINED SIZE DISTRIBUTION

Номер: US20200017416A1
Принадлежит:

A fluid-bed granulator system for producing fertilizer granules with a defined size including a fluid-bed granulator, a first cooler externally connected with the fluid-bed granulator or forming an internal part of the fluid-bed granulator, and a product screen connected with the first cooler. The product screen includes an exit for on-size particles; an exit for oversized particles and an exit for undersized particles. The exit for undersized particles is connected to the fluid-bed granulator and the exit for oversized particles is connected to the fluid-bed granulator via one or more crushers. The exit for on-size particles is connected to a first splitter. The first splitter is connected to the fluid-bed granulator and a post processing unit. A particle size analyzer is located between the fluid-bed granulator and the product screen. 1. A fluid-bed granulator system for producing fertilizer granules with a defined size , comprising:a fluid-bed granulator,a first cooler externally connected to the fluid-bed granulator or forming an internal part of the fluid-bed granulator, an exit for on-size particles,', 'an exit for oversized particles, and', 'an exit for undersized particles;', 'wherein the exit for undersized particles is connected to the fluid-bed granulator and wherein the exit for oversized particles is connected to the fluid-bed granulator via one or more crushers;', 'wherein the exit for on-size particles is connected to a first splitter and wherein the first splitter is connected to the fluid-bed granulator and a post processing unit; and, 'a product screen connected to the first cooler wherein the product screen comprisesa particle size analyzer located between the fluid-bed granulator and the product screen.2. The fluid-bed granulator system of claim 1 , wherein the product screen comprises an exit for large on-size particles and an exit for small on-size particles.3. The fluid-bed granulator system of claim 2 , wherein the product screen comprises ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

Use of Light Gas By-Products in the Production of Paraxylene by the Methylation of Toluene and or Benzene

Номер: US20200017425A1
Принадлежит:

A process for producing paraxylene by the catalytic alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol, which produces a para-rich mixture of xylene isomers, together with water and some light organic by-products, particularly dimethyl ether and C− olefins. The off-gas stream, containing the C olefins, may be recycled back to the reaction to be co-injected with methanol to reduce the methanol self-decomposition and the reaction of methanol to olefins or to fluidize catalyst particles recovered by a reactor cyclone. By using recycled off-gas rather than water or steam, the deleterious effects of water and/or steam on the catalyst aging and activity rates and the size of downstream equipment necessary to recover olefin by-products may be reduced. 1. A process for the alkylation of toluene and/or benzene to produce paraxylene (PX) comprising contact of said toluene and/or benzene with an alkylating agent selected from methanol , dimethyl ether , and mixtures thereof , in the presence of an alkylation catalyst in a fluidized bed alkylation reactor under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising PX and olefins , wherein the alkylation effluent is separated into a stream comprising PX and a light gas stream comprising olefins , the improvement comprising recycling at least a portion of the light gas stream , including olefins , to the alkylation reactor for injection with alkylating agent , fluidizing particles of the alkylation catalyst recovered from the alkylation effluent , or both.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the light gas stream further comprises oxygenates claim 1 , unreacted alkylating agent claim 1 , and contaminants claim 1 , and is treated to remove at least one of the oxygenates claim 1 , alkylating agent claim 1 , and contaminants prior to recycling the light gas stream to the alkylation reactor.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkylating agent is methanol.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the methanol and recycled ...

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16-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS FOR MAKING LIGHT OLEFINS FROM DIFFERENT FEED STREAMS

Номер: US20200017427A1
Автор: Pretz Matthew T.
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, chemical streams may be processed by a method which may comprise operating a first chemical process, stopping the first chemical process and removing the first catalyst from the reactor, and operating a second chemical process. The reaction of the first chemical process may be a dehydrogenation reaction, a cracking reaction, a dehydration reaction, or a methanol-to-olefin reaction. The reaction of the second chemical process may be a dehydrogenation reaction, a cracking reaction, a dehydration reaction, or a methanol-to-olefin reaction. The first reaction and the second reaction may be different types of reactions. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first product stream and the second product stream comprise one or more of ethylene claim 1 , propylene claim 1 , or butene.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction or the second reaction is a dehydrogenation reaction claim 1 , and the first catalyst or the second catalyst comprises gallium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , or both.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the first reaction or the second reaction is a dehydrogenation reaction; andthe first feed stream or the second feed stream comprises one or more of ethane, propane, n-butane, and i-butane.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction or the second reaction is a cracking reaction claim 1 , and the first catalyst or the second catalyst comprises one or more zeolites.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the first reaction or the second reaction is a cracking reaction; andthe first feed stream or the second feed stream comprises one or more of naphtha, n-butane, or i-butane.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction or the second reaction is a dehydration reaction claim 1 , and the first catalyst or second catalyst comprises one or more acid catalysts.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the first reaction or the second reaction is a dehydration reaction;the first feed ...

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28-01-2016 дата публикации

POWDER STIRRING DEVICE

Номер: US20160023177A1
Автор: Tanaka Noriyuki
Принадлежит: TOYO TANSO CO., LTD.

A powder stirring device includes a reaction container and a rotation driving device. The reaction container has a cylindrical outer peripheral wall and a pair of end surface walls. The end surface walls are respectively provided at one end and the other end of the outer peripheral wall. The reaction container is arranged in a heat-insulating cover such that an axis of the outer peripheral wall is in parallel with a horizontal direction. The outer peripheral wall has an inner peripheral surface rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis. During the powder process, the powder is stored in the reaction container, and the reaction container is rotated around a rotation axis that passes through the central axis of the outer peripheral wall by the rotation driving device. In this state, a processing gas is supplied into the reaction container. Also, the processing gas in the reaction container is discharged. 1. (canceled)2. A powder processing apparatus that processes powder using a processing gas , comprising:a powder transport path that has a strip-shaped transporter that extends spirally in a vertical direction and on which the powder moves;a powder supplier for supplying the powder to the powder transport path;a vibration applier that vibrates the powder transport path to move the powder supplied to the powder transport path along the strip-shaped transporter;a processing container in which the powder supplied to the powder transport path is processed by the processing gas while moving;a powder recoverer that recovers the processed powder; andat least one height limitation member that limits a height of the powder moving on the strip-shaped transporter.3. The powder processing apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the height limitation member has a lower end that is opposite to the strip-shaped transporter claim 2 , and is arranged such that a clearance is formed between the lower end and the strip-shaped transporter.4. The powder processing apparatus ...

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22-01-2015 дата публикации

PROTECTED FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST AND METHOD OF PROVIDING SAME TO A FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS

Номер: US20150023842A1
Принадлежит:

A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor. 1. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst , the system comprising:an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium; andat least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor.2. The system of wherein the activation reactor is a fluidized bed reactor.3. The system of wherein the cutoff size is about 10 μm.4. The system of wherein at least one of the at least one separation devices is located at least partially within the activation reactor.5. The system of wherein the at least one separation device located at least partially within the activation reactor is selected from cyclones and filters.6. The system of comprising a cyclone at least partially within the activation reactor.7. The system of further comprising a filtration unit external to the activation ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR FLUIDIZING COPPER SILICIDE AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A HALOSILANE USING THE METHOD

Номер: US20180021747A1
Принадлежит: Dow Corning Corporation

A method is useful for maintaining a uniformly fluidized bed in a fluidized bed apparatus. The method includes the steps of charging a mixture of particles including copper silicide particles and fluidization additive particles into the fluidized bed apparatus, and uniformly fluidizing the particles at a temperature of at least 400° C. in the fluidized bed apparatus. 1. A method maintaining a uniformly fluidized bed in a fluidized bed apparatus comprises:(A) heating, at a temperature of at least 400° C., a mixture of particles comprising greater than 80 weight % to less than 100% copper silicide particles and greater than 0 to 20 weight % fluidization additive particles in the fluidized bed apparatus, and(B) feeding a fluid into the fluidized bed apparatus at a velocity sufficient to maintain uniform fluidization.2. The method of claim 1 , where the copper silicide particles have a particle size of 10 μm to 150 μm.3. The method of claim 1 , where the additive particles are present in an amount of greater than 0 weight % to 10 weight % claim 1 , based on total weight of the mixture.4. The method of claim 1 , where the copper silicide particles are present in an amount of 95 weight % to 98 weight % of the mixture claim 1 , and the fluidization additive particles are present in an amount of 2 weight % to 5 weight % of the mixture.5. The method of claim 1 , where the copper silicide is selected from the group consisting of (i) CuSi claim 1 , (ii) CuSi claim 1 , (iii) CuSi claim 1 , and (iv) CuSi claim 1 , and a mixture of two or more of (i) claim 1 , (ii) claim 1 , (iii) claim 1 , (iv).6. The method of claim 1 , where the copper silicide comprises CuSi.7. The method of claim 1 , where the copper silicide has empirical formula CuSiCrCoFeIrNiPdPtReRu claim 1 , where subscripts b claim 1 , c claim 1 , d claim 1 , e claim 1 , f claim 1 , g claim 1 , h claim 1 , i claim 1 , j claim 1 , k claim 1 , and m represent the molar amounts of each element present claim 1 , and b>0 ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

COLD REGENERATED CATALYST CIRCULATION METHOD AND DEVICE THEREFOR

Номер: US20180021769A1
Автор: Li Qunzhu
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a method of cooling and cycling a regenerated catalyst. The regenerated catalyst that is from the regenerator is cooled by the catalyst cooler to 200-720° C., and without being mixed with the hot regenerated catalyst directly enters a riser reactor, or mixes with another part of hot regenerated catalyst that has not been cooled to obtain a mixed regenerated catalyst with a temperature below the regenerator temperature, and enters the riser reactor. The hydrocarbon raw material performs the contact reaction with the catalyst in the riser reactor, a reactant stream enters a settler to perform a separation of the catalyst and an oil gas, the separated spent catalyst is steam stripped by a steam stripping section and enters a regenerator to be charring regenerated, and the regenerated catalyst after being cooled returns to the riser reactor to be circularly used. The bottom of each of the catalyst coolers is provided with at least one fluidized medium distributor, the range of the superficial gas velocity is 0-0.7 m/s (preferably 0.005-0.3 m/s, and most preferably 0.01-0.15 m/s), and the temperature of the cold regenerated catalyst is controlled mainly by adjusting a flow rate of the fluidized medium. The method of cooling and cycling a regenerated catalyst of the present invention has extensive application, and can be used for various fluidized catalytic cracking processes, including heavy oil catalytic cracking, wax oil catalytic cracking, gasoline catalytic conversion reforming and the like, and can also be used for other gas-solid reaction processes, including residual oil pretreating, methanol to olefin, methanol to aromatics, methanol to propylene, fluid coking, flexicoking and the like. 1. A cycling method of cold regenerated catalyst , comprising a fluidized catalytic cracking process , wherein: a hydrocarbon raw material performs a contact reaction with a catalyst in a riser reactor having or not having a fluidized bed reactor , a ...

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25-01-2018 дата публикации

System and Method for Preparing High-Purity Vanadium Pentoxide Powder

Номер: US20180022616A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a system and method for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder. Industrial grade vanadium pentoxide is converted to vanadium oxytrichloride by low temperature fluidizing chlorination, wherein chlorinating gas is preheated via heat exchange between fluidizing gas and chlorination flue gas, and an appropriate amount of air is added to enable a part of carbon powder to combust so as to achieve a balanced heat supply during the chlorination, thereby increasing the efficiency of chlorination and ensuring good selectivity in low temperature chlorination. The vanadium oxytrichloride is subjected to purification by rectification, ammonium salt precipitation and fluidized calcination, thereby obtaining high-purity vanadium pentoxide, wherein the ammonia gas produced during calcination is condensed and then recycled for ammonium salt precipitation. The system and method have advantages of favorable adaptability to raw material, less pollution, low energy consumption in production, low operation cost, stable product quality, etc. 1. A system for preparing high-purity vanadium pentoxide powder , comprising a feeding device , a low temperature chlorination fluidized bed , a rectification and purification device , an ammonium salt precipitation device , an ammonium salt feeding device , a calcination fluidized bed , a tail gas washing absorber , an induced draft fan and a chimney;wherein the feeding device comprises an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide hopper, an industrial grade vanadium pentoxide screw feeder, a carbon powder hopper and a carbon powder screw feeder;the low temperature chlorination fluidized bed comprises a chlorination bed feeder, a chlorination fluidized bed body, a chlorination bed cyclone separator, a flue gas heat exchanger, a flue gas condenser, a chlorination bed acid-seal tank and a chlorination bed spiral slag-discharging device;the rectification and purification device comprises a distilling still, a rectifying ...

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10-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD OF ENHANCING HYDRATION OF VISCOSIFIERS USING CONTROLLED MECHANICALLY INDUCED CAVITATION

Номер: US20220041914A1
Принадлежит:

A method of hydrating a dry powdered viscosifier such as a powdered polymer is disclosed. The method includes mixing the powdered viscosifier with a solvent such as water to form a mixture; moving the mixture through a cavitation zone; inducing energetic shock waves and pressure fluctuations in the mixture by mechanically inducing cavitation events within the mixture, the shock waves and pressure fluctuations untangling, separating, and straightening polymer molecule chains and distributing the chains throughout the mixture, and extracting the resulting hydrated viscosifier from the cavitation zone. 1. A method of enhancing hydration of a powdered viscosifier comprising the steps of:(a) introducing a viscosifier containing non-hydrated powdered particles into a flow of a solvent or hydrating fluid to produce a mixture;(b) feeding the mixture into a controlled cavitation reactor, wherein the mixture flows from sides of a rotor of the controlled cavitation reactor through a cavitation zone defined between an outer peripheral surface of the rotor and a wall of a housing of the controlled cavitation reactor, and into the rotor through a plurality of bores formed in the rotor(c) as the rotor of the controlled cavitation reactor is rotated, generating cavitation events within the mixture in a low shear environment within the controlled cavitation reactor;(d) controlling a rotor rotation rate as the mixture flows through the cavitation zone to control the cavitation events for generating shock waves that result in cavitation induced pressure variations that propagate through the mixture as the mixture flows through the cavitation zone to substantially separate and disperse the non-hydrated powdered particles of the viscosifier within the mixture and increase surface area contact between the solvent or hydrating fluid and the non-hydrated powdered particles of the viscosifier;(e) as a result of step (d), forcing solvent molecules into and out of the powder particles to ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

Process for the Positioning of a Corrosion-Resistant Coating on a Wall of an Item of Equipment of a FCC Unit

Номер: US20210023521A1
Автор: Sebastien Decker
Принадлежит: Total Raffinage Chimie SAS

The invention relates to a process for the positioning of a corrosion-resistant coating on an internal or external metal wall ( 20 ) of a fluid catalytic cracking unit chamber, comprising: (i) the shaping of a metal anchoring structure ( 10 ) formed from a plurality of strips ( 12 ) assembled in pairs by joining assembly portions ( 121, 122 ) so as to form a plurality of cells ( 14 ), the anchoring structure comprising a plurality of fastening tabs ( 16 ) integral with strip portions other than assembly portions, (ii) the fastening of said anchoring structure ( 10 ) by welding the free edge ( 18 ) of a part at least of the fastening tabs to the metal wall ( 20 ), defining a space between a longitudinal edge ( 12 b ) of an anchoring structure and the metal wall, (iii) the insertion of a composite material into the cells ( 14 ) from the metal wall ( 20 ) and at least up to the upper longitudinal edge ( 12 a ) of each strip.

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24-04-2014 дата публикации

Using Wavelet Decomposition To Determine the Fluidization Quality In a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Номер: US20140112831A1
Принадлежит: SunEdison Inc

A method and apparatus for determining the fluidization quality of a fluidized bed reactor is disclosed. The method includes measuring pressure within the fluidized bed reactor to obtain a pressure signal. The pressure signal is then transformed using wavelet decomposition into higher-frequency details and lower-frequency approximations. The dominance of the various features is then calculated based on the energy of each feature in relation to the normalized wavelet energies. The fluidization quality of the fluidized bed reactor is then determined from a comparison over time of the calculated energies.

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24-04-2014 дата публикации

Method for producing sodium tungstate, method for collecting tungsten, apparatus for producing sodium tungstate, and method for producing sodium tungstate aqueous solution

Номер: US20140112847A1

Provided are a method for producing sodium tungstate by supplying an oxidant made of sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite to bring a tungsten containing material and the oxidant into contact with each other in an atmosphere containing oxygen to thereby continuously produce a reaction product; a method for collecting tungsten using the method; and an apparatus for producing sodium tungstate. Also provided are a method for producing a sodium tungstate aqueous solution in which a reductant is introduced into a melt containing the above-described reaction product which is then dissolved in water; and a method for collecting tungsten using the method.

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04-02-2016 дата публикации

DISTRIBUTING SECONDARY SOLIDS IN PACKED MOVING BED REACTORS

Номер: US20160030904A1
Принадлежит:

A system and method for distribution and treatment of secondary solids in packed moving bed reactors is provided. The system includes a packed moving bed reactor and a regeneration reactor downstream of the packed moving bed reactor. The packed moving bed reactor having a primary solid introduction section configured to receive a primary solid material, a primary solid constriction section downstream of the primary solid introduction section, a secondary solid inlet, and a mixing section for primary solid material and secondary solid material downstream of the primary solid constriction section. The primary solid constriction section has a recessed zone, wherein the secondary solid inlet is configured to deliver secondary solid material into the packed moving bed reactor at the recessed zone. The regeneration reactor is operable to regenerate the primary solid material reduced in the packed moving bed reactor. 1. A system comprising a packed moving bed reactor and a regeneration reactor downstream of the packed moving bed reactor , a primary solid introduction section configured to receive a primary solid material operable to be reduced in the packed moving bed reactor,', 'a primary solid constriction section downstream of the primary solid introduction section, the primary solid constriction section having an outer wall,', 'a secondary solid inlet, and', 'a mixing section for the primary solid material and secondary solid material downstream of the primary solid constriction section, the mixing section having an inner wall; wherein, 'the packed moving bed reactor comprises'}the primary solid constriction section projects into the mixing section and forms a recessed zone defined by a volume between the outer wall of the primary solid constriction section and the inner wall of the mixing section, wherein the recessed zone has a cross-sectional area equal to about 25% to about 75% of a cross-sectional area of the mixing section immediately downstream of the recessed ...

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