АБРАЗИВНАЯ ПРОВОЛОКА ДЛЯ РЕЗКИ, СПОСОБ ЕЕ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И ЕЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

АБРАЗИВЫ С ПОКРЫТИЕМ

... 1. Сверхтвердый абразив с покрытием, содержащий сердцевину из сверхтвердого абразивного материала, внутренний слой из карбида, нитрида, борида или карбонитрида металла, химически связанного с наружной поверхностью сверхтвердого абразивного материала, и наружный слой из карбонитрида металла, осажденного на внутренний слой. 2. Сверхтвердый абразив с покрытием по п.1, у которого наружный слой выполнен из карбонитрида титана. 3. Сверхтвердый абразив с покрытием по п.1, у которого наружный слой осажден методом конденсации из паровой фазы. 4. Сверхтвердый абразив с покрытием по п.1, у которого сверхтвердый абразивный материал представляет собой абразивный материал на основе алмаза или кубического нитрида бора (cBN). 5. Сверхтвердый абразив с покрытием по п.4, у которого сверхтвердый абразивный материал выбран из группы, включающей абразивные частицы алмаза или cBN, подложку из поликристаллического алмаза, подложку из термостабильного поликристаллического алмаза, подложку из поликристаллического ...

SCHLEIFARTIKEL UND VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG DESSELBEN

FLEXIBLER SCHLEIFKÖRPER

HOCHPRÄZIONS-MEHRKORN-SCHNEIDMESSER

Elektrostatisches Abscheideverfahren

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Aufwärtsprojektionsverfahren (upwards projection) zur Abscheidung von Feststoffteilchen auf einem Substrat, umfassend das Erzeugen eines Projektionsfeldes unter Verwendung eines Festkörper-Funktionsgenerators, der zur Erzeugung einer Reihe von Wellenformen und/oder Frequenzen geeignet ist, das Auswählen eines Signals mit der gewünschten Wellenform und/oder Frequenz und dem Zuführen des Signals zu einem Festkörperverstärker, um ein Aufwärtsprojektionsfeld zu erzeugen, und Verwendung des Projektionsfeldes, um eine Abscheidung der Festkörperteilchen auf dem Substrat zu bewirken. DOLLAR A Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren können die Abscheidungsbedingungen einfach und schnell an die abzuscheidenden Festkörperteilchen sowie die abzuscheidende Stoffmenge angepasst werden und so Defekte bei der Abscheidung vermieden werden. Das Verfahren ist besonders zur elektrostatischen Abscheidung von Schleifkörnern geeignet.

Polycrystalline superhard material

LAPS

... 1276665 Abrading DEFENCE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR 10 March 1970 [10 March 1969] 12450/69 Heading B3D [Also in Division C7] A method of producing a lap comprises providing a metal former with a flat surface and electro-depositing a uniformly thick layer of metal softer than that of the former on the surface of the former. The metal of the former may be stainless steel or brass, and the softer material may be of copper, tin, indium or lead electro-deposited to a thickness of 0À002 to 0À003 inch. In carrying out the method, the former 1 is machined to size and its flat working face 3 is provided with a spiral groove, or two series of parallel grooves at right-angles to one another, and a central recess 5. The former is mounted on shaft 17, which acts as a cathode, and is positioned within a polythene casing 7. A guard ring 11 of methyl methacrylate is carried by dowels 13 and the assembly placed in a bath 21 containing an electrolyte 19 and an anode 23 whereby the softer metal is deposited on ...

Polycrystalline superhard material

Improvements in or relating to diamond trueing, dressing and forming tools for grinding wheels and to a method of producing such wheels by electrolytic deposition

... A diamond trueing, dressing, or forming tool is formed by providing a bed of diamond particles in contact with an accurate former, electrolytically tacking a single layer of diamond particles directly on to the former by depositing a layer of soft metal so as to cover partially the diamond particle layer, bonding and completely covering the layer of diamond particles by a second electro-deposited layer, and removing at least the former and the soft metal tacking layer. Typically in producing a trueing tool for a thread grinding wheel an aluminium former 10, which is of the form required for the thread grinding wheel, is connected as cathode in a bath 15 of copper sulphate in a sleeve 12 embracing the former which is supported on a porous ceramic tile 11, and its central opening is filled with diamond grit 14 into which an anode rod 13 is centrally introduced. When a thin deposit 18, e.g. 2 mils. thick, of copper, has been formed, the former ...

CUTTING BLADES

COATED ABRASIVE

PROCEDURE FOR CONNECTING SCHLEIFKOERNERN WITH THE SURFACE OF A METALLIC WORKPIECE

PROCEDURE FOR CONNECTING SCHLEIFKOERNERN WITH THE SURFACE OF A METALLIC WORKPIECE

PRODUCT FOR SHARPENING PURPOSES.

SHARPENING ARTICLE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE SAME

GALVANICALLY MANUFACTURED GRINDING WHEEL AND ITS MANUFACTURE DEVICE

GRINDING WHEEL

Diamond cutting tool and manufacturing method thereof

HIGH PRECISION MULTI-GRIT SLICING BLADE

An abrasive cutting blade is provided to achieve high-quality surface finishes at high feed rates. The blade is fabricated by electroplating fine abrasive onto a steel cathode disc to form a first layer, followed by electroplating a second layer of coarser abrasive onto the first layer. A third layer of fine abrasive is then electroplated onto the second layer. The resulting composite is then removed from the cathode disc to form a multi-grit, multi-layer, hub- less blade.

ELECTROPLATED SUPER ABRASIVE TOOLS WITH THE ABRASIVE PARTICLES CHEMICALLY BONDED AND DELIBERATELY PLACED, AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME

Super abrasive tools and methods for the making thereof are disclosed and described. The abrasive particles are chemically bonded to a plated material in accordance with a predetermined two or three dimensional pattern. A template having a plurality of apertures arranged in a predetermined pattern is used to position the abrasive particles, naked or covered with at least one layer of metallic coating which is chemically bonded to each particle and functions as a chemical bridge between the particles and plated material. Among products of the invention are cutting tools as thin as the average diameter of abrasive particles involved, metal bonded flexible grinding tools, as well as cutting and grinding tools comprising abrasive particles greatly and uniformly protruded, and oriented if necessary.

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ABRASIVE BRUSHING ELEMENTS

ELECTRODEPOSITED GRINDSTONE

An electrodeposited grindstone obtained by embedding abrasive grains in a nickel plated bearing layer due to electrodeposition process and a nickel-phosphorus alloy bearing layer due to chemical plating process formed successively on a grinding part surface of a grindstone base metal. An electrodeposited grindstone obtained by forming a thin plated layer by electrodeposition process on said electrodeposited grindstone which underwent a heat treatment and on the surface of the nickel-phosphorus alloy bearing layer.

ABRASIVE ARTICLES INCORPORATING ABRASIVE ELEMENTS COMPRISING ABRASIVE PARTICLES PARTIALLY EMBEDDED IN A METAL BINDER

An abrasive article comprising abrasive elements dispersed in a binder matrix, the abrasive elements comprising individual particles of abrasive material, substantially all of which are partially embedded in a metal binder. The abrasive particles, when introduced into an electrolyte bath only during the final stages of an electrodeposition process, are embedded only on a major surface of the metal binder. Methods of making the abrasive elements and the abrasive articles are also presented as aspects of the invention.

ELECTRODEPOSITED DIAMOND WHEEL

A diamond wheel for cutting a composite material which include a heat-softenable component is disclosed. The diamond wheel is made from a circular substrate having an attachment aperture formed at the centre and a plurality of cooling apertures formed at a predetermined distance and a predetermined pitch between the attachment aperture and the outer circumference, with ridges and grooves formed as corrugations on opposite sides of the circular disc, and diamond abrasive particles electrodeposited to the outer circumference of the corrugations to form a cutting edge. The diamond wheel is capable of cutting a composite material composed of a heat-softenable material and a reinforcing material without melting the heat-softenable material. The advantage is a diamond wheel which cuts such materials efficiently without becoming coated with the heat-softenable material.

Schleifscheibe und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben.

Procédé de fabrication d'un outil abrasif et outil obtenu par ce procédé.

Procédé de fabrication d'outils abrasifs et outil abrasif obtenu par ce procédé.

Verfahren zur Bindung von Schleifmittelkörnern mittels eines durch Elektrolyse abgeschiedenen Metalles zwecks Herstellung von Schleifwerkzeugen.

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Verschleissflächen an Werkzeugen

Procédé de fabrication d'un outil à diamants à rectifier, dresser et conformer

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallgebundenen porösen Schleifkörpers

Procédé de fabrication d'un outil abrasif et outil obtenu selon ce procédé

Process for producing a grinding tool

In the process, the abrasive-medium layer, comprising a nickel layer and abrasive particles, is uniformly applied. The particles are brought into contact with the operating surface of the tool (1) by means of a stirring mechanism (10) which operates at intervals. Subsequently, the abrasive-medium layer is nickel-coated in a separate bath. The result is a layer which is of uniform thickness and particle distribution and is distinguished by greater hardness, higher wear-resistance and a shorter manufacturing time. ...

Method for the manufacture by electroplating of a profiled machining tool, especially a grinding disc containing a precise profile

Method for the manufacture by electroplating of a profiled machining tool, especially a grinding disc containing a precise profile, characterised in that during the process of fixing the cutting hard material (8) by electroplating, the said hard material is strewn onto the pre-profiled tool base body (2), a roller (9) containing the precise counter-profile being used to generate continuously a precise profile of the machining tool. The peripheral face, which receives the cutting hard material (8), of the tool base body (2) according to the present invention consists of ductile material (3). ...

Rotatable grinding tool and method for producing a grinding instrument.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein rotierbares Schleifinstrument (1) mit einem Instrumentenkopf (3) und mit einem Schaft (5). An einem Grundkörper des Instrumentenkopfs (3) sind eine Einbettungsschicht (7) und in der Einbettungsschicht (7) eingebettete Schleifkörper (9) angeordnet. Die Einbettungsschicht (7) oder eine die Einbettungsschicht (7) bedeckende Panzerschicht (17) ist mit einer oxidkeramischen oder keramisch-organischen Beschichtung (15) beschichtet, wobei die Beschichtung (15) eine Sol-Gel-Schicht ist.

Rotary sanding tool and method for producing a sharpening instrument.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein rotierendes Schleifinstrument (1) mit einem Instrumentenkopf (3) und mit einem Schaft (5). An dem Instrumentenkopf (3) sind eine Einbettungsschicht (7) und in der Einbettungsschicht (7) eingebettete Schleifkörper (9) angeordnet. Die Einbettungsschicht (7) oder eine die Einbettungsschicht (7) bedeckende Panzerschicht (17) ist mit einer oxidkeramischen oder keramisch-organischen Beschichtung (15) beschichtet, wobei die Beschichtung (15) eine Sol-Gel-Schicht ist.

Method of manufacturing a geometrically accurate negative moulding, use of the method and negative moulding manufactured by the method and tools

A master gear (1) corresponding in a geometrically accurate manner to the dressing tooth to be manufactured is inserted with clearance into a negative blank (2) corresponding to the tooth systems (3) of the master gear (1). The gap (4) between the tooth systems (3, 5) of master gear (1) and negative blank (2) is continuously widened on both sides starting from a centre plane. It is filled with a material which forms a first layer on the negative blank. The master gear is removed by etching. The first layer is covered with grains of mechanically resistant material. A correspondingly toothed tool hub is inserted with clearance into the first layer. The second gap between the tooth systems of tool hub and first layer is continuously widened on both sides starting from a centre plane. This gap is closed off with donor anodes and filled electrolytically by anode material so that a second layer forms in which the grains of mechanically resistant material are embedded. Finally, the negative blank ...

SCHLEIFWERKZEUG.

Laminated manual surface finishing tool - has all layers joined to base body, with abrasive particles in working surface

The laminated hand tool has a base body with contact and working layers, the latter for surface abrasion. All layers are joined to the base body (2), while the working layer contains abrasive particles. They are pref. rigidly fixed to the body, and a recess (4) may be formed in the working layer (5), of depth equal to the thickness of this layer. ADVANTAGE - Simple mfr., with versatile applicability.

Dressing tool and a method for applying hard material particles.

Ein Abrichtwerkzeug weist koaxial zueinander angeordnete Profile (11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4) mit je einer im Achsquerschnitt kegeligen oder Zylindrischen Profilform mit Arbeitsflächen (13, 14) auf, welche mit Hartstoffpartikeln versehen sind. Die Profile (11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4) sind am Aussenumfang durch wenigstens eine Manteltelfläche (23, 24) begrenzt. Das Abrichtwerkzeug (10) umfasst zwei bis insbesondere sechs koaxial zueinander angeordnete Profile (11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4) und einen ein- bzw. zweiteiligen metallischen Grundkörper (19) für das gesamte Abrichtwerkzeug (10) oder für eine jeweilige Mantelfläche (23, 24). Die Profilformen mit den Hartstoffpartikeln der Profile (11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4) sind dabei durch ein Negativverfahren mit einer auf dem jeweiligen Grundkörper (19) aufgebrachten Gussmasse (15) erzeugt. Damit können mit diesem Abrichtwerkzeug Schleifschnecken höchst produktiv, präzise und auch korrigierbar profiliert werden.

Electroplating abrasion wheel, its mfg. equipment and method

GRIND FOR THE GRINDING OF THE PLANE PLATES AND ITS MANUFACTORING PROCESS

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRO-PLATED DIAMOND WHEEL AND ELECTRO-PLATED DIAMOND WHEEL MANUFACTURED BY THE METHOD, AND APPARATUS FOR PLATING DIAMOND WHEEL

CVD diamond-coated composite substrate containing a carbide-forming material and ceramic phases and method for making same

The present invention relates to a composite material and the method of making same, which comprises a CVD diamond coating applied to a composite substrate of ceramic material and an unreacted carbide-forming material of various configurations and for a variety of applications. One example of the composite material is a composite of SiC and free silicon metal known as Reaction-Bonded Silicon Carbide. Several examples of applications of the invention include: 1) heads or disks for conditioning polishing pads, including pads used in Chemical-Mechanical-Planarization, 2) cutting and dressing tool inserts and tips, 3) heat spreaders for electronic devices, and 4) wear components including mechanical seals and pump seals.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ABRASIVE TAPE REELS

High precision multi-grit slicing blade

An abrasive cutting blade is provided to achieve high-quality surface finishes at high feed rates. The blade is fabricated by electroplating fine abrasive onto a steel cathode disc to form a first layer, followed by electroplating a second layer of coarser abrasive onto the first layer. A third layer of fine abrasive is then electroplated onto the second layer. The resulting composite is then removed from the cathode disc to form a multi-grit, multi-layer, hub-less blade.

Cutting, grinding, and burnishing tool and the production thereof

CORROSION RESISTANT ABRASIVE ARTICLE AND METHOD OF MAKING

Bonding process for grinding tools

A bonding process for grinding tools in which a metallic workpiece (10) is pre-etched (14) to form cavities in the surface of the workpiece for individually receiving abrasive particles to be bonded thereto. The etched workpiece is at least partially embedded in a layer (46) of the abrasive particles in a first plating bath (20) comprising an aqueous solution of metal ions (22) and an electromotive force is imposed across the workpiece and an anode (34) so that the abrasive particles become partially embedded in the cavities in the workpiece surface as metal is plated on to the surface and around the abrasive particles adjacent to the surface. A second plating of metal in a second plating bath (40) securely bonds the particles to the workpiece and can provide the workpiece with a predetermined hardness for a particular application. The dual bonding process can be repeated for each layer to make multi-layered tools.

GRINDING WHEEL

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrodeposition grinding wheel easy to manufacture and to enhance efficiency of working by preventing agglutination of chips. SOLUTION: The grinding wheel 1 is furnished with: a grinding layer including a disc type base metal 3 having an outer peripheral surface, a galvanized layer 7 fastened on the outer peripheral surface by electrodeposition and ultra abrasive grains partially projected from the galvanized layer; and a lubricating layer 9 to cover the grinding layer. The lubricating layer consists of chrome or cobalt alloy containing chrome and is formed by any one of galvanizing technology, coating technology and flame coating technology. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT ...

CVD-DIAMANTBESCHICHTETES VERBUNDSUBSTRAT UND HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN DAFÜR

ABRICHTROLLE

ABRASIVE TOOLS

Abrasive article

In a method of forming an abrasive article a mesh material is applied with insulating material over areas which do not require abrasive, the insulating material being absorbed into the mesh material. The mesh material (16) is then laid onto a surface (12) of electrically conducting material and metal is electro-deposited onto the discrete areas of the mesh not bearing the insulating material. Abrasive is added so that it becomes embedded in the metal. The resulting material with metal and abrasive areas is stripped off the surface. The preferred insulating materials are ink screen printed onto the mesh, or hot melt adhesive perforated to define openings and then applied to the mesh to penetrate the mesh.

Improvements relating to grinding wheels and their manufacture

A grinding wheel that can rotate at high speed to grind flat plates is comprised of a thin conical grindstone fastened to the open end of a rotatable inverted cup, with the grinding edge projecting outwardly from and at an inclined angle with respect to the open end. The grindstone includes a cylindrical fitting part which is fastened to the inside of the cup and a conical grinding part formed by electroplating from a nickel plating solution in which super hard abrasive grains are dispersed. The grindstone can also be prepared by electrodepositing abrasive grains directly onto a flange formed at the open end of the cup.

CUTTING DISC

... 1498689 Abrasive wheels KENDIA (DIAMOND PRODUCTS) Ltd 31 Aug 1976 [11 Oct 1975 19 Dec 1975] 41735/75 and 52000/75 Heading B3D A cutting disc comprises a disc-shaped metal mesh core having a radially inner portion and an integral radially outer portion, a layer of abrasive particles adhered to the outer portion by a layer of electro-deposited metal, and a layer of resin over the mesh core and the abrasive particles. In one embodiment, a mesh disc 10, Fig. 1, of expandable metal or wire mesh is stamped with a centre hole 11 and a a radially inner portion defined by a line 12 is sealed by a protective layer such as an acidresistant paint, lacquer or plastics sealing washers. The outer portion of the disc is then cleaned and metal, such as nickel, and diamond particles electro-deposited thereon. Thereafter, the disc is placed in a mould and a resin based material 14, Fig. 2, such as phenol-formaldehyde novalak or resole, rubber, shellac, melamine or urea formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, polyester ...

SCHLEIFWERKZEUG, PROCEDURE FOR ITS (AGAIN) - PRODUCTION AND PROCEDURE FOR POINT LOOPS

CVD DIAMANTBESCHICHTETES COMPOUND SUBSTRATE AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR IT

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GRINDING WHEEL

HOCHPRÄZIONS MEHRKORN SCHNEIDMESSER

FLEXIBLE GRINDING WHEEL

Superabrasive electroplated cutting edge and method of manufacturing the same

BONDING PROCESS FOR GRINDING TOOLS

A dual bonding process to make single layered tools wherein a metallic workpiece is pre-etched so as to form cavities in the surface of the workpiece for individually receiving diamond or other abrasive particles to be bonded thereto. The diamond particles are uniformly deposited and densely bonded to the surface of said metallic workpiece by a metallic bonding matrix applied in a first plating bath. A second selective plating of metal applied in a second plating bath more securely bonds the diamonds to the workpiece and provides the workpiece with a predetermined hardness for any selected grinding or cutting application. In order to make multilayered tools, this dual bonding process may be repeated for each layer applied.

HIGH PRECISION MULTI-GRIT SLICING BLADE

An abrasive cutting blade is provided to achieve high-quality surface finishes at high feed rates. The blade is fabricated by electroplating fine abrasive onto a steel cathode disc to form a first layer, followed by electroplating a second layer of coarser abrasive onto the first layer. A third layer of fine abrasive is then electroplated onto the second layer. The resulting composite is then removed from the cathode disc to form a multi-grit, multi-layer, hub- less blade.

ABRADING TOOLS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

An abrading tool includes a base member having a support portion defining a first level, and a plurality of integral raised islands extending upwardly above the first level. The base member may be formed of metal or a non-conductive material. The islands are spaced apart from one another. Each island includes a respective tip portion. The distance between adjacent islands may be greater than the width of a single island. An abrasive composite material, including a carrier material and particles of an abrasive material, is affixed to the tip portions of at least some of the islands. The abrasive material may be applied by electroplating, electroless plating, brazing or another method. The abrasive material is applied only to the tip portion of the islands, such that the first level of the support portion is substantially free of the abrasive material. Methods of making the abrading tool are also described.

GRINDING TOOL

A shaped grinding tool has a base body with a working zone for producing the shape of a workpiece. Abrasive grains made of a highly refractory material are galvanized to the working zone in a single layer. The abrasive grains form grinding edges spaced at a defined distance from one another in the circumferential direction of the grinding tool. The grinding edges have a width that is less than four times the diameter of an individual abrasive grain. The service life of the grinding tool is increased and the efficiency of the grinding process is improved.

ABRASIVE SAWING WIRE, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF AND USE OF SAME

Diamond grinding wheel sand-planting and nickel-plating hook

Whetstone, method for producing whetstone, and device for producing whetstone

LUMINESCENT SUBSTRATE CONTAINING ABRASIVE PARTICLES, AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SAME

Manufactoring process of abrasive surfaces by electro forming and product obtained

Abrasive disc

Abrasive disc had an abrasive part consisting of polycrystalline diamond grains bonded by a metallic material e.g. bronze contg. 18-45 wt.% filler selected from graphite, hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size 50 mu, and/or MoS2 this filler having a particle size of 1-160 mu The small sized filler is used at low filler concentrations, and the large sized filler at high filler concentrations. The disc is used for dry grinding bonded carbide materials, such as cobalt-bonded tungsten carbide. Efficient grinding is obtained at lower powers, and less heating of the workpiece occurs.

GRIND FOR THE GRINDING OF THE PLANE PLATES AND ITS MANUFACTORING PROCESS

FLEXIBLE, SELF-SUPPORTING BLADES FOR THE CUT OF ELECTRONIC CRYSTALS, SUBSTRATES OR ANALOGUES

L'invention concerne une lame en nickel et diamant pour la découpe de cristaux électroniques de substrats ou analogues, comprenant des particules de diamant dans une matrice de nickel. La matrice de nickel est l'unique support de la lame. De telles lames sont réalisées en immergeant un substrat 47 plat, conducteur électrique dans une suspension comprenant des particules de diamant dans un électrolyte 49; en faisant ensuite une électro-déposition de nickel sur des surfaces annulaires 53, 55, 57 et 59 correspondant à la forme désirée de la lame, à la surface du substrat 47, le nickel électro-déposé n'adhère que légèrement à la surface du substrat (les particules de diamant sont déposées avec le nickel qui forment une matrice autour d'elles); et en arrachant le dépôt annulaire de nickel et de particules de diamant du substrat. L'invention décrit aussi un moyen de montage de la lame comprenant deux colliers identiques avec des surfaces de rectification et un anneau. De telles lames sont utilisées dans l'industrie des semi-conducteurs. The invention relates to a nickel and diamond blade for cutting electronic crystals from substrates or the like, comprising particles of diamond in a nickel matrix. The nickel matrix is the sole support of the blade. Such blades are made by immersing a flat, electrically conductive substrate 47 in a suspension comprising particles of diamond in an electrolyte 49; by then electroplating nickel on annular surfaces 53, 55, 57 and 59 corresponding to the desired shape of the blade, on the surface of the substrate 47, the electro-deposited nickel adheres only slightly to the surface of the blade. substrate (the diamond particles are deposited with the nickel which form a matrix around them); and stripping the annular deposit of nickel and diamond particles from the substrate. The invention also describes a means for mounting the blade comprising two identical collars with grinding surfaces and a ring. Such blades are ...

Improved abrasive file

Ce rodoir comporte, de manière connue, un substrat (1) constitué d'un tube ou d'une bague d'acier sur lequel est déposé un abrasif constitué de grains (2) maintenus par un liant (3). Selon l'invention, le liant est recouvert d'une couche de protection, soit à base de diamant ou d'un matériau semblable au diamant, soit en un métal ou alliage métallique. Eventuellement, on peut prévoir une couche métallique (5) sur le liant surmontée d'une couche (4) à base de diamant ou d'un matériau semblable. Application au rodage de pièces pour l'industrie automobile.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING A WIRE CUTTING

PROCESS AND APPARATUS OF MANUFACTURE Of a WIRE OF CUTTING

Ce procédé de fabrication d'un fil de découpe formé de particules abrasives maintenues sur une âme centrale par un liant, comporte : a) le dépôt (204) de particules abrasives sur l'âme centrale, chaque particule abrasive comportant un matériau magnétique dont la perméabilité relative est supérieure à 50, ce matériau magnétique représentant au moins 1 % du volume de la particule abrasive, et b) le dépôt (204, 208) du liant sur l'âme centrale pour maintenir les particules abrasives fixées sur cette âme centrale, Pendant l'étape a), une interaction magnétique est créée (202, 206) entre l'âme centrale et les particules abrasives aimantées pour attirer les particules aimantées sur l'âme centrale.

PROCEDE POUR PRODUIRE DES OUTILS ABRASIFS

Ce procédé selon lequel un revêtement abrasif est déposé chimiquement sur la surface active de l'outil, consiste en ce que le revêtement abrasif est formé par un dépôt simultané d'un revêtement chimique de nickel et de particules abrasives, lesdites particules étant mises en contact, à des intervalles réguliers, avec la surface active de l'outil 1 ou 2 au moyen d'un agitateur 10 tournant à une vitesse de 200 à 400 tours/minute et opérant selon un programme comprenant de 0,5 à 4 minutes d'action et de 3 à 15 minutes de temps mort, après quoi le revêtement abrasif ainsi obtenu est soumis à un traitement supplémentaire de durcissement consistant en un nickelage dans un autre bain chimique séparé de nickelage. Ce procédé s'applique à la fabrication d'outils abrasifs, notamment sous forme de disque ou de broche. (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) ...

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ELECTRODEPOSITED WHEEL

The present invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of an electrodeposited wheel capable of generating an appropriate self-generated blade even when processing a hard material such as a sapphire substrate. The manufacturing method of an electrodeposited wheel (1) comprises: a grinding wheel portion forming step of forming a grinding wheel portion (36) made of an abrasive grains dispersed in a plating layer of a porous structure on an annular base (4) made of a material containing aluminum; a base removing step of removing a part of the base by applying a chemical liquid to the part of the base overlapping with the grinding wheel portion; and a protective layer forming step of forming a protective layer (16) for protecting the base from the chemical liquid which has passed through the plating layer before the grinding wheel forming step on the surface of the base. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 ...

FORMED GRINDSTONE TOOL

The present invention provides a formed grindstone tool capable of easily discharging grinding fragments and supplying a sufficient amount of grinding water to a processing point. The formed grindstone tool (38) is mounted on a spindle (36) of a processing device (2) processed in a predetermined shape by grinding a side (11b) of a plate-shaped object (11) to be processed. The formed grindstone tool (38) includes: a mounting hole (42a) at the center, which is engaged with the spindle; a ring-shaped post (42) having an outer circumference (42b) corresponding to the side of the object processed; and a grindstone unit (44) including a grindstone fragment fixed to the outer circumference of the post by electrodeposition. A spiral groove (44d) continued in the circumferential direction of the post is formed on a surface (44a) of the grindstone unit. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 ...

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRODEPOSITION BLADE AND METHOD THEREFOR

PURPOSE: An apparatus is provided to manufacture an electro- deposition blade having an even surface roughness by obtaining a desired surface roughness with respect to a growth start surface of an electrode position layer. CONSTITUTION: Abrasive particles(12) are mixed up in an electrolyte(11) to form an electrode position blade. Minutely embossed electrode position surface(14) is formed. An electrode position base(13) is put on the bottom of an electrolyzer(15) for the minutely embossed electrode position surface(14) to appear upward in the electrolyte(11). A predetermined voltage is applied between the electrode position base(13) and the electrolytic metal(17) for the abrasive particles(12) mixed in the electrolyte(11) to be settled and deposited on the electrode position surface(14), so that an electrode position layer(18) can be formed to an extent that its desired thickness is obtained. COPYRIGHT 2000 KIPO ...

SYSTEM OF HYBRID LINKING FOR ABRASIVE TOOLS AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF ABRASIVE TOOLS

POLISHING SHEET AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLISHING SHEET

Disclosed is a method for producing a polishing sheet suitable for precise polishing, wherein polishing material particles are arranged as a single particle layer in a polishing layer of the polishing sheet and planarity of the polishing material particles arranged in the polishing sheet is improved, thereby reducing scratches, recesses and projections formed in the surface of a polished object. Also disclosed is a polishing sheet. Specifically disclosed is a polishing sheet (30) comprising a base sheet (31) and a polishing layer (34) formed on the surface of the base sheet (31). The polishing sheet (30) is characterized in that the polishing layer (34) is composed of polishing particles (32) and a binder resin (33) fixing the polishing particles (32), and the polishing particles (32) are arranged as a single particle layer. The polishing sheet (30) is also characterized in that the polishing particles (32) partially project from the surface of the binder resin (33), or partially project ...

FLEXIBLE ABRASIVE BODY

The invention relates to a flexible abrasive body with a flexible support. This support has a layer of flexible substrate with a first surface-covering metal coating on one side. A second metal coating, in which an abrasive material is at least partially embedded, is applied to this first metal coating. The invention aims to provide an abrasive body having the following properties: high thermal conductibility, high flexibility, high dimensional stability and compactness. To this end, the support (9), consisting of the substrate (2) and the first metal coating (10), is of constant thickness, and the first metal coating (10) has a flat, smooth surface and minimum thickness. Preferably, both the second metal coating (14) and the first metal coating (10) preferably have breaking points (18).

Abrasive article

In a method of forming an abrasive article a mesh material is applied with insulating material over areas which do not require abrasive, the insulating material being absorbed into the mesh material. The mesh material is then laid onto a surface of electrically conducting material and metal is electro-deposited onto the discrete areas of the mesh not bearing the insulating material. Abrasive is added so that it becomes embedded in the metal. The resulting material with metal and abrasive areas is stripped off the surface. The preferred insulating materials are ink screen printed onto the mesh, or hot melt adhesive perforated to define openings and then applied to the mesh to penetrate the mesh.

Superabrasive electrodeposited cutting edge and method of manufacturing the same

A cutting edge comprising a mass of superabrasive particles (2) electrodeposited on a thin-walled metallic base member (1) along a border (6) of said base member, wherein said mass (2) forms one or more layers at said border of said base member and fixed thereto, and each layer contains parts comprising at least five superabrasive particles (3) in a row in an extending direction of said base member from said border, so as to improve free-cut performance, decrease kerf width and prolong the life of cutting tool.

Sapphire Pad Conditioner

A sapphire pad conditioner includes a sapphire substrate having multiple protrusions on a surface and a holder arranged to hold the sapphire substrate. The sapphire substrate is used for conditioning a chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) pad.

Method of fabricating a porous polymeric material by electrophoretic deposition

A method is provided for the fabrication of a porous polymeric material by electrophoretic deposition. The porous polymeric material is particularly well suited as a polishing surface for the planarization of semiconductor wafers.

Abrasive article and method of forming

An abrasive article comprising a substrate having an elongated body and abrasive particles attached to the elongated body, the content of the abrasive particles oscillates along the length of the body between a minimum and maximum value, and the minimum content is greater than 0.

Cutting tool having concentrically arranged outside and inside abrasive grain layers and method for production thereof

A cutting tool comprising a supporting base (2) and an outside (38) and an inside abrasive grain layer (40) projecting concentrically from the supporting base (2) in a radially spaced relationship, and a method for its production. The outside and inside abrasive grain layers (38, 40) are formed by electro-depositing abrasive grains on the supporting base (2) and then dissolving part of the supporting base (2). The inner circumferential surface (76) of the projecting portion of the outside abrasive grain layer (38) and the outer circumferential surface (78) of the projecting portion of the inside abrasive grain layer (40) are smooth surfaces.

Abrasive article

In a method of forming an abrasive article a mesh material is applied with insulating material over areas which do not require abrasive, the insulating material being absorbed into the mesh material. The mesh material (16) is then laid onto a surface (12) of electrically conducting material and metal is electro-deposited onto the discrete areas of the mesh not bearing the insulating material. Abrasive is added so that it becomes embedded in the metal. The resulting material with metal and abrasive areas is stripped off the surface. The preferred insulating materials are ink screen printed onto the mesh, or hot melt adhesive perforated to define openings and then applied to the mesh to penetrate the mesh.

АБРАЗИВНАЯ ПРОВОЛОКА ДЛЯ РЕЗКИ, СПОСОБ ЕЕ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И ЕЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

Nickelplattierungslösung, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Feststoffteilchen behafteten Drahts, und mit Feststoffteilchen behafteter Draht

Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Nickelplattierungslösung, mittels welcher Feststoffteilchen von Diamant oder dergleichen in einem Zustand gleichmäßiger Verteilung und ohne Aggregation der Feststoffteilchen auf der Oberfläche eines Drahts fixiert werden können, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit fixierten Teilchen behafteten Drahts unter Verwendung der Nickelplattierungslösung, sowie einen mit Feststoffteilchen behafteten Draht bereitzustellen. Um diese Aufgabe zu lösen, wird als Nickelplattierungslösung zum Ausbilden einer elektroplattierten, dispergierte Feststoffteilchen enthaltenden Nickelschicht auf der Oberfläche des Drahts eine Nickelplattierungslösung eingeführt, welche oberflächenmodifizierte, eine anorganische Deckschicht aufweisende Feststoffpartikel und ein als Dispergiermittel fungierendes Polyamin umfasst.

RINGFÖRMIGER SCHLEIFSTEIN UND HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN FÜR EINEN RINGFÖRMIGEN SCHLEIFSTEIN

Ein ringförmiger Schleifstein beinhaltet einen Schleifsteinabschnitt, in dem abrasive Körner mit einem Verbindungsmaterial, das Nickel enthält, fixiert sind, und weist ein Durchgangsloch in seinem Zentrum auf. Der Schleifsteinabschnitt weist einen laminierten Aufbau aus drei oder mehr Schichten auf, in dem eine erste Schicht und eine zweite Schicht, die eine poröse Struktur aufweist, abwechselnd übereinander entlang einer Erstreckungsrichtung des Durchgangslochs laminiert werden und beide äußersten Schichten in dem laminierten Aufbau, die außen freiliegen, die ersten Schichten sind.

ABRASIVE TOOLS

An abrasive article comprising abrasive elements dispersed in a binder matrix, the abrasive elements comprising individual particles of abrasive material, substantially all of which are partially embedded in a metal binder. The abrasive particles, when introduced into an electrolyte bath only during the final stages of an electrodeposition process, are embedded only on a major surface of the metal binder. Methods of making the abrasive elements and the abrasive articles are also presented as aspects of the invention.

Dressing roll

A dressing roll having a peripheral surface comprising diamond grains that are bonded by electroplating in a metal ring, the inner surface of which is readily connected to a cylindrical surface of a roll core as a basic structure. The rigid connection between the metal ring containing the diamond grains and the basic structure consists of a composite material that is composed of solid particles and a plastic binder. The invention also includes the process for producing such a dressing roll.

Electrochemical corrosion of catalyst material from PCD elements

Electrochemical corrosion of catalyst material for PCD elements

DRESSING AND MANUFACTURE OF OUTER BLADE CUTTING WHEEL

An outer blade cutting wheel () comprising a base and a blade section () of metal or alloy-bonded abrasive grains is dressed by clamping the cutting wheel between a pair of circular jigs () such that the blade section () projects beyond the jigs, immersing the cutting wheel in an electropolishing liquid, positioning counter electrodes () relative to the blade section, and effecting electropolishing for thereby removing part of the metal or alloy bond and chips received in chip pockets until abrasive grains are exposed on the blade section surface. 1. A method for dressing an outer blade cutting wheel comprising a base in the form of an annular thin disc of cemented carbide having an outer periphery and a blade section formed on the outer periphery of the base , the blade section being an abrasive layer comprising abrasive grains and a metal or alloy for bonding the grains to each other and to the base , said method comprising the steps of:clamping the outer blade cutting wheel between a pair of circular jigs to hold the cutting wheel such that the opposed surfaces of the cutting wheel are covered over a predetermined range with the jigs and the blade section projects beyond the outer edge of the circular jigs,immersing the cutting wheel clamped between the jigs in an electropolishing liquid in an electropolishing tank,providing an electrode which is spaced apart from and encloses the outer circumference of the blade section and a pair of electrodes which are opposed to and spaced apart from the side surfaces of the blade section, as counter electrodes, andconducting electricity between the cutting wheel and the counter electrodes for electrolytically dissolving away part of the metal or alloy between abrasive grains and chips received in chip pockets in the blade section surface until abrasive grains are partially raised from the blade section surface.2. The dressing method of wherein the counter electrodes include a cage electrode which is spaced apart from and ...

POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERHARD MATERIAL

A method for making polycrystalline superhard material comprises providing an electrically conductive substrate defining at least one deposition surface, electrophoretically depositing charged superhard particles or grains on to the deposition surface(s) of the substrate to form a pre-sinter body, and subjecting the pre-sinter body to a temperature and pressure at which the superhard material is thermodynamically stable, sintering and forming polycrystalline superhard material. There is also disclosed a superhard wear element comprising a polycrystalline superhard material produced by such a method. 1. A method for making polycrystalline superhard material , the method comprising providing an electrically conductive substrate defining at least one deposition surface , electrophoretically depositing charged superhard particles or grains on to the deposition surface(s) of the substrate to form a pre-sinter body , and subjecting the pre-sinter body to a temperature and pressure at which the superhard material is thermodynamically stable , sintering and forming polycrystalline superhard material.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate forms the cathode of an electrophoretic cell apparatus claim 1 , the superhard particles or grains being suspended in a liquid in contact with the deposition surface(s) and an anode claim 1 , method further comprising depositing the superhard particles or grains on the deposition surface(s) upon application of an electric potential between the substrate and the anode claim 1 , the superhard particles or grains being positively charged so as to be so deposited.3. A method according to claim 2 , further comprising positioning the anode to define a complementary surface or surfaces opposing the deposition surface(s) of the substrate.4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the step of electrophoretically depositing charged superhard particles or grains comprises depositing the superhard ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING SAW WIRE

[Object] 1. A method for manufacturing an abrasive grain-fixed saw wire by which a wire is passed through a plating solution containing abrasive grains to fix the abrasive grains to the outer periphery of the wire by electroplating , wherein the amount of the abrasive grains adhered to the outer surface of the wire having passed through the plating solution is calculated , and based on the calculated amount of the abrasive grains , the value of an electric current flown into the wire in the plating solution is increased or decreased to control variations in the amount of abrasive grains adhered to the outer surface of the wire so as to fall within a predetermined range.2. The method for manufacturing a saw wire according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , after forming the wire with the abrasive grains adhered to the outer surface by electroplating via a first plating layer claim 1 , the wire is passed through a plating solution without abrasive grains to form a second plating layer on the outer surface by electroplating.3. The method for manufacturing a saw wire according to claim 2 , wherein the first plating layer for adhering the abrasive grains to the outer surface of the wire is configured to be thinner than the second plating layer.4. The method for manufacturing a saw wire according to claim 1 , wherein the outer surface of the wire having passed through the plating solution is imaged by a camera claim 1 , and the amount of the abrasive grains is calculated based on image information in the taken image.5. The method for manufacturing a saw wire according to claim 1 , wherein the wire is routed around a plurality of times between an out-solution rotary roller that is disposed outside the plating solution and supplied with an electric current by an electric current supply means and an in-solution rotary roller that is disposed in the plating solution claim 1 , and the wire is run back and forth a plurality of times between inside and outside of the plating ...

ELECTROPLATED WHEEL

An electroplated wheel comprises a metal base formed to a disc shape and rotationally driven about a rotational axis and a superabrasive grain layer formed to have numerous superabrasive grains fixed by plating on a belt section that extends in a predetermined width on an outer peripheral portion of the metal base. In the electroplated wheel, a plurality of masking portions having no superabrasive grains electrodeposited thereat are formed of gel adhesive fixed as dots to be larger than the superabrasive grains by a dispenser at intersection points of a plurality of concentric array circles imaginarily drawn concentrically of the rotational axis to divide the belt section at equal intervals and a plurality of width-direction array lines imaginarily drawn from one end toward the other end of the belt section to divide the belt section at equal intervals in a circumferential direction. 1. An electroplated wheel comprising:a metal base formed to a disc shape and rotationally driven about a rotational axis;a superabrasive grain layer formed to have numerous superabrasive grains fixed by plating on a belt section that extends in a predetermined width on an outer peripheral portion of the metal base; anda plurality of masking portions having no superabrasive grains electrodeposited thereat and formed of gel adhesive fixed as dots to be larger than the superabrasive grains by a dispenser at intersection points of a plurality of concentric array circles and a plurality of width-direction array lines, the plurality of concentric array circles being imaginarily drawn concentrically of the rotational axis to divide the belt section at equal intervals, and the plurality of width-direction array lines being imaginarily drawn from one end toward the other end of the belt section to divide the belt section at equal intervals in a circumferential direction.2. The electroplated wheel in claim 1 , wherein:the plurality of concentric array circles are grouped into a plurality of ...

SUPER-ABRASIVE GRINDING WHEEL

A super-abrasive grinding wheel includes a core and a super-abrasive grain layer provided on a surface of the core, the super-abrasive grain layer including diamond abrasive grains and CBN abrasive grains, the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains being fixed to the core in a single layer by a binder. 1. A super-abrasive grinding wheel comprising:a core; anda super-abrasive grain layer provided on a surface of the core,the super-abrasive grain layer including diamond abrasive grains and CBN abrasive grains,the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains being fixed to the core in a single layer by a binder.2. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains occupy 10% to 70% in area of the super-abrasive grain layer.3. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains have a mass ratio of 1:99 to 50:50.4. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 3 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains have a mass ratio of 3:97 to 40:60.5. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 4 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains have a mass ratio of 3:97 to 30:70.6. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 1 , wherein the binder is a brazing material or metal-plating.7. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 1 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains have an average grain diameter ratio ((the diamond abrasive grains' average grain diameter)/(the CBN abrasive grains' average grain diameter)) of 50% to 110%.8. The super-abrasive grinding wheel according to claim 7 , wherein the diamond abrasive grains and the CBN abrasive grains have an average grain diameter ratio ((the diamond abrasive grains' average grain diameter)/(the CBN abrasive grains' average grain diameter)) of 80% to 110%. The present ...

ABRADING TOOLS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

An abrading tool includes a base member having a support portion defining a first level, and a plurality of integral raised islands extending upwardly above the first level. The base member may be formed of metal or a non-conductive material. The islands are spaced apart from one another. Each island includes a respective tip portion. The distance between adjacent islands may be greater than the width of a single island. An abrasive composite material, including a carrier material and particles of an abrasive material, is affixed to the tip portions of at least some of the islands. The abrasive material may be applied by electroplating, electroless plating, brazing or another method. The abrasive material is applied only to the tip portion of the islands, such that the first level of the support portion is substantially free of the abrasive material. Methods of making the abrading tool are also described. 1. A method of manufacturing an abrading tool , said method comprising the steps of:a) applying a masking material to substantially cover a metal base member having a plurality of raised islands thereon, the islands being spaced apart from one another and each having a respective tip portion;b) removing the masking material from the tip portions of the islands;c) applying a composite material to the exposed tip portions of the base member, said composite material comprising a metal carrier and particles of an abrasive material selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, and mixtures thereof; andd) removing the remaining masking material from the base member.2. An abrading tool which is a product of the method of .3. An attachment for a reciprocating sander claim 1 , which is a product of the method of .4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the masking material is an electrical insulator claim 1 , and wherein the composite abrasive material is applied either by electrodeposition or by electroless deposition.5. ...

ABRASIVE ARTICLES INCLUDING A BLEND OF ABRASIVE PARTICLES AND METHOD OF FORMING AND USING THE SAME

An abrasive article including a substrate; and an abrasive layer overlying the substrate, where the abrasive layer includes a blend of abrasive particles including a first type of abrasive particle comprising a polycrystalline material and having a first average friability F, and a second type of abrasive particle comprising a polycrystalline material and having a second average friability, F, where the blend comprises an average friability difference, ΔF=|F−F|, within a range of at least 0.5% to not greater than 80%. 1. An abrasive article comprising:a substrate; andan abrasive layer overlying the substrate, wherein the abrasive layer comprises a binder and a blend of abrasive particles dispersed on or in the binder, 'a first type of abrasive particle comprising a first polycrystalline material,', 'wherein the blend of abrasive particles includes 'an additive particle.', 'a second type of abrasive particle comprising a second polycrystalline material; and'}2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the first polycrystalline material comprises a first average friability F claim 1 , wherein the second polycrystalline material comprises a second average friability claim 1 , F claim 1 , wherein the blend comprises an average friability difference claim 1 , ΔF=|F−F| claim 1 , within a range of at least 0.5% to not greater than 80%.3. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the first type of abrasive particle comprises a first ceramic alumina claim 1 , and wherein the second type of abrasive particle comprises a second ceramic alumina.4. The abrasive article of claim 3 , wherein the first ceramic alumina comprises a sol-gel alumina grain.5. The abrasive article of claim 4 , wherein the first ceramic alumina comprises an exploded grain.6. The abrasive article of claim 4 , wherein the first ceramic alumina comprises a dopant including magnesium oxide (MgO) in an amount of not less than 0.5 wt % and not greater than 10 wt %.7. The abrasive article of claim 3 , wherein ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AN ABRASIVE WIRE

A process for manufacturing an abrasive wire formed by abrasive particles held on a central core by a binder comprises depositing abrasive particles on the central core, each particle comprising a magnetic material that has a relative permeability greater than 50 and that represents at least 1% of the volume of the abrasive particle, and depositing binder on the central core to keep the abrasive particles attached to it. The core has south poles and north poles alternating along either its circumference or its length. 111-. (canceled)12. A process for manufacturing an abrasive wire formed by abrasive particles that are kept on a central core by a binder , said process comprising providing a central core , depositing magnetic abrasive particles on said central core , and depositing a binder on said central core , wherein said central core comprises a surface , wherein north poles and south poles are disposed on said surface , wherein said north poles and south poles are distributed in alternation along at least one of a circumference of said central core and a length of said central core , wherein , as a result of said distribution , a south pole is adjacent to two north poles , wherein , as a result of said distribution , a north pole is adjacent to two south poles , wherein each magnetic abrasive particle comprises a magnetic material , wherein said magnetic material has a relative permeability that is greater than 50 , wherein said magnetic material represents at least 1% of a volume of said magnetic abrasive particle , wherein depositing said magnetic abrasive particles creates a magnetic interaction between said central core and said abrasive particles , wherein said magnetic interaction attracts said abrasive particles to said central core , and wherein depositing said binder on said central core results in keeping said abrasive particles attached to said central core.13. The process of claim 12 , wherein providing a central core comprises providing a central ...

Abrasive Sawing Wire, Production Method Thereof And Use Of Same

An abrasive wire including a steel core and a coating including a binder and abrasive particles, the binder being formed by at least one iron alloy layer containing, by weight percent in relation to the weight of the binder: between 0 and 3% oxygen, advantageously between 0 and 2%; and between 0.3% and 9% of at least one element selected from the group including carbon, boron an phosphorous.

ABRASIVE ARTICLE AND METHOD OF FORMING

An abrasive article includes a substrate having an elongated body, a plurality of discrete tacking regions defining a discontinuous distribution of features overlying the substrate, where at least one discrete tacking region of the plurality of discrete tacking regions includes a metal material having a melting temperature not greater than 450° C., a plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions, and a bonding layer overlying the substrate, plurality of discrete tacking regions, and plurality of discrete formations. 1. An abrasive article comprising:a substrate comprising an elongated body;a plurality of discrete tacking regions overlying the substrate and defining gap regions between each of the discrete tacking regions of the plurality of discrete tacking regions;abrasive particles overlying the plurality of discrete tacking regions; anda plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions and the abrasive particles.2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete tacking regions further comprises a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of lead claim 1 , silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , gold claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete formations of the plurality of discrete formations comprises substantially the same material as a material of the plurality of discrete tacking regions.4. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein each of the discrete formations is directly bonded to the substrate.5. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of discrete formations are ...

Abrasive Sawing Wire, Production Method Thereof And Use Of Same

An abrasive wire including a steel core and an outer coating including a binder and abrasive particles, the binder being formed by at least one nickel-cobalt alloy layer having a cobalt content of between 20 wt.-% and 85 wt.-% in relation to the weight of the Ni/Co alloy. 1. An abrasive wire comprising a steel core and an external coating comprising a binder and abrasive particles , said binder being formed of at least one layer of nickel/cobalt alloy having a cobalt content in the range from 20% to 85% by mass with respect to the mass of the Ni/Co alloy.2. The abrasive wire of claim 1 , wherein the Ni/Co alloy comprises from 37 to 65% by mass of cobalt.3. The abrasive wire of claim 1 , wherein the external coating comprises two layers of binder made of a Ni/Co alloy claim 1 , having claim 1 , independently from each other claim 1 , a cobalt content in the range from 20% to 85% by mass.4. The abrasive wire of claim 1 , wherein the Ni/Co alloy contains sulfur.5. The abrasive wire of claim 1 , wherein the abrasive particles are made of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide; silica; tungsten carbide; silicon nitride; boron nitride; chromium dioxide; aluminum oxide; diamond; and diamonds pre-coated with nickel claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , copper claim 1 , or titanium claim 1 , or with alloys thereof.6. The abrasive wire of claim 1 , wherein the abrasive particles are formed of grains at least partly covered with a film made of a ferromagnetic material.7. A method of manufacturing the abrasive wire of claim 1 , comprising the steps of:{'sub': '1', 'electrodeposition on a steel wire of a coating comprising a binder and abrasive particles, said binder being made of a layer of nickel/cobalt alloy having a cobalt content in the range from 20% to 85% by mass relative to the mass of the Ni/Co alloy, by passing in an electrolyte bath (B) comprising at least cobalt II and nickel II ions, and abrasive particles;'}{'sub': '2', 'optionally, ...

OUTER BLADE CUTTING WHEEL AND MAKING METHOD

In an outer blade cutting wheel comprising an annular thin disc base of cemented carbide having an outer diameter of 80-200 mm, an inner diameter of 30-80 mm, and a thickness of 0.1-1.0 mm, and a blade section disposed on an outer periphery of the base, the blade section comprises diamond grains and/or CBN grains bound with a metal bond having a Young's modulus of 0.7-4.0×10Pa and has a thickness which is greater than the thickness of the base by at least 0.01 mm. The outer blade cutting wheel is capable of cutting a workpiece at a high accuracy and a reduced allowance, improves machining yields, and reduces machining costs. 1. A method for preparing an outer blade cutting wheel comprisingproviding a base in the form of an annular thin disc of cemented carbide having an outer diameter of 80 to 200 mm defining an outer periphery, an inner diameter of 30 to 80 mm, and a thickness of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and{'sup': 11', '11, "brazing abrasive grains with a metal bond onto the outer periphery of said base to form a layer in which the abrasive grains are bound with the metal bond, the abrasive grains comprising diamond grains, CBN grains or a mixture of diamond grains and CBN grains, the metal bond having a Young's modulus of 0.7×10to 4.0×10Pa, said layer having a thickness which is greater than the thickness of said base by at least 0.01 mm and serving as a blade section, wherein said metal bond comprises an alloy comprising Ni, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Cu and Sn, an alloy comprising Ni and phosphorus, or Ni—Mn alloy."}2. The method of wherein the metal bond as deposited on the base by electroplating has an internal residual stress between −2×10Pa and 2×10Pa.3. The method of wherein said metal bond has a Vickers hardness of 100 to 550 and a density of 2.5 to 12 g/cm.4. The method of wherein said alloy further comprises Zn or S.5. The method of wherein the abrasive grains are clad with a magnetic material formed by plating or ...

Method for dressing of a grinding worm by means of a dressing roll and dressing roll

A method for dressing a grinding worm using a dressing roll that engages the grinding worm to profile its helical grinding profile. The dressing roll is produced by: a) producing a disk-shaped base body a profiled surface for receiving a layer of abrasive particles, wherein the surface is at least partially tooth-shaped in a radial cross section, b) positioning the abrasive particles on the profiled surface, c) profiling the base body provided with abrasive particles by removing outer sections of the abrasive particles with a profiling tool so that the abrasive profile of the dressing roll is created. Production of the profiled surface takes place in step a) so that the distance between the profiled surface and the abrasive profile changes during advancing from the root region to the tip region at a flank of the tooth-shaped surface, measured in the radial cross section perpendicular to the profiled surface.

CMP PAD CONSTRUCTION WITH COMPOSITE MATERIAL PROPERTIES USING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

Embodiments of the disclosure generally provide polishing pads having a composite pad body and methods for forming the polishing pads. In one embodiment, the composite pad body includes one or more first features formed from a first material or a first composition of materials, and one or more second features formed from a second material or a second composition of materials, wherein the one or more first features and the one or more second features are formed by depositing a plurality of layers comprising the first material or first composition of materials and second material or second composition of materials. 1. A composite polishing pad , comprising:a base material layer; anda plurality of features extending from the base material layer to form a polishing surface, whereinthe plurality of features and a surface of the base material layer define one or more channels disposed between the features, anda plurality of pores are arranged in a non-random pattern in the plurality of features.2. The composite polishing pad of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of features are formed from a mixture of least two different droplet compositions each dispensed by an additive manufacturing system according to a predetermined pattern.3. The composite polishing pad of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of features comprise a first material composition and the plurality of pores are at least partially filled with a second material composition that is different from the first material composition.4. The composite polishing pad of claim 1 , wherein a Shore hardness of the plurality of features is greater than a Shore hardness of the base material layer.5. The composite polishing pad of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of features have a hardness from about 40 Shore D scale to about 90 Shore D scale.6. The composite polishing pad of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of features comprise a first material composition formed from a mixture of least two different droplet compositions and the ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ELECTRODEPOSITED DIAMOND WIRE SAW USING PATTERNED NON-CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS

The present invention relates to an electrodeposited diamond wire saw using patterned non-conductive materials in which non-conductive materials are pre-patterned along the outer circumference of a wire on which diamond grit should not be rubbed, before the diamond grit is upset, in order to efficiently improve the manufacturing process, and to a method for manufacturing same. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the method for manufacturing an electrodeposited diamond wire saw includes: printing a masking solution on the outer circumference of a wire in a plurality of directions when the wire is inserted for patterning; and upsetting diamond grit on the remaining regions of the outer circumference of the wire, with the exception of the patterned region. 1. A method for manufacturing an electrodeposited diamond wire saw , comprising:(a) performing a patterning process by printing a masking liquid on an outer circumference of a wire in a plurality of directions upon injection of the wire; and(b) electrodepositing diamond grits onto a remaining area of the outer circumference of the wire excluding an area upon which the patterning process has been performed.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in operation (a) claim 1 , the masking liquid is printed by arranging a plurality of printing nozzles at the same included angle with respect to the outer circumference of the wire claim 1 , and printing the masking liquid along a predetermined patterning pathway on the outer circumference of the wire.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the masking liquid is printed by an inkjet method.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in operation (b) claim 1 , the remaining area of the outer circumference of the wire claim 1 , which has been electrodeposited with the diamond grits claim 1 , has a spiral shape in a longitudinal direction of the wire.5. A method for manufacturing an electrodeposited diamond wire saw claim 1 , ...

ULTRA-HARD MATERIAL CUTTING ELEMENTS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME WITH A METAL-RICH INTERMEDIATE LAYER

Methods for joining an ultra-hard body, such as a thermally stable polycrystalline diamond (TSP) body, to a substrate and mitigating the formation of high stress concentration regions between the ultra-hard body and the substrate. One method includes covering at least a portion of the ultra-hard body with an intermediate layer, placing the ultra-hard body and the intermediate layer in a mold, filling a remaining portion of mold with a substrate material including a matrix material and a binder material such that the intermediate layer is disposed between the ultra-hard body and the substrate material, and heating the mold to an infiltration temperature configured to melt the binder material and form the substrate. 1. A method , comprising:covering at least a portion of the ultra-hard body with an intermediate layer;placing the ultra-hard body at least partially covered with the intermediate layer in a mold;filling a portion of the mold with a substrate material; andheating the substrate material to an infiltration temperature to form a substrate coupled to the ultra-hard body, wherein a melting point of the intermediate layer exceeds the infiltration temperature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultra-hard body is selected from the group of thermally stable polycrystalline diamond bodies consisting of leached PCD claim 1 , non-metal catalyst PCD claim 1 , and catalyst-free PCD.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising supporting the ultra-hard body on a displacement in the mold.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises a material selected from the group of materials consisting of cobalt claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , alloys thereof claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein covering the portion of the ultra-hard body comprises completely covering the ultra-hard body with the intermediate layer.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein covering the portion of the ultra-hard body comprises wrapping a thin metal strip ...

ABRASIVE ARTICLE AND METHOD OF FORMING

An abrasive article includes a substrate having an elongated body, a plurality of discrete tacking regions defining a discontinuous distribution of features overlying the substrate, where at least one discrete tacking region of the plurality of discrete tacking regions includes a metal material having a melting temperature not greater than 450° C., a plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions, and a bonding layer overlying the substrate, plurality of discrete tacking regions, and plurality of discrete formations. 1. An abrasive article comprising:a substrate comprising an elongated body;a plurality of discrete tacking regions overlying the substrate and defining gap regions between each of the discrete tacking regions of the plurality of discrete tacking regions;abrasive particles overlying the plurality of discrete tacking regions; anda plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions and the abrasive particles.2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of discrete tacking regions include a metal material having melting temperature not greater than 450° C.3. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of discrete tacking regions include a metal material having melting temperature of at least 100° C.4. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete tacking regions of the plurality of discrete tacking regions comprises a metal material comprising an alloy of transition metal elements.5. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the solder material comprises tin.6. The abrasive article of claim 5 , wherein the solder material consists essentially of tin.7. The abrasive article of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions.8. The abrasive article of claim 1 , ...

Grinding Tool and Method of Manufacturing the Same

A grinding tool includes a substrate having a surface provided with a plurality of openings, and a plurality of grinding studs. Each of the grinding studs includes a stud portion and an abrasive particle attached to each other, the stud portions being respectively attached into the openings, and the abrasive particles protruding outward from the surface, each of the abrasive particles having a pattern cut across a tip thereof to define multiple apexes adjacent to one another. In some embodiments, methods of fabricating a grinding tool are also described. 1. A grinding tool comprising:a substrate having a surface provided with a plurality of openings; anda plurality of grinding studs, each of the grinding studs including a stud portion and an abrasive particle attached to each other, the stud portions being respectively attached in the openings, and the abrasive particles protruding outward from the surface, each of the abrasive particles having a pattern cut across a tip thereof to define multiple apexes adjacent to one another.2. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the stud portions are respectively attached in the openings via a plurality of adhesive layers.3. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the pattern is cut by laser.4. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the abrasive particles are respectively bonded to the stud portions by brazing claim 1 , sintering or electroplating.5. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the abrasive particles are made of diamond claim 1 , cubic boron nitride claim 1 , aluminum oxide or silicon carbide.6. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the pattern includes a cross shape.7. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein each of the abrasive particles has a plurality of side surfaces adjacent to the tip thereof claim 1 , and the cut pattern respectively extends onto each of the side surfaces.8. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the stud portions are made ...

Luminescent Substrate Containing Abrasive Particles, and Method for the Production Thereof

An abrasive sawing or polishing substrate includes a substrate, a binder C covering at least a portion of the substrate, and abrasive particles having an at least partial coating, C. The abrasive sawing or polishing substrate also includes a coating C coating binder C and the abrasive particles coated with C and at least one light-emitting compound. The abrasive particles coated with C are in contact with binder C and with coating C 2. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 ,wherein the substrate is selected from the group comprising: a steel wire; a textile; and a metal plate;{'b': '1', 'wherein binder C is made of at least one layer of a nickel/cobalt alloy having a cobalt content in the range from 20% to 85% by weight with respect to the weight of the Ni/Co alloy;'}{'b': '2', 'wherein coating C of the abrasive particles is made of a material selected from the group comprising nickel; cobalt; iron; copper; and titanium;'}{'b': '3', 'and wherein coating C is made of at least one layer of a nickel/cobalt alloy having a cobalt content in the range from 10% to 90% by weight with respect to the weight of the Ni/Co alloy.'}311. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a light-emitting compound CL in binder C.422. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a light-emitting compound CL in coating C.533. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a light-emitting compound CL in coating C.7. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 , wherein the abrasive particles are made of a material selected from the group comprising silicon carbide SiC; silica SiO; tungsten carbide WC; silicon nitride SiN; cubic boron nitride cBN; chromium dioxide CrO; aluminum oxide AlO; diamond; and diamonds pre-coated with nickel claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , copper claim 1 , or titanium claim 1 , or with alloys thereof.8. The abrasive substrate of claim 1 , wherein the light-emitting compound is selected from the group ...

ABRASIVE ARTICLE AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME

An abrasive article comprising a plurality of abrasive grains that are precisely arranged in accordance with a predetermined pattern and are chemically bonded with a matrix material, and a method for the making thereof are disclosed. A coating layer on each of the abrasive grains functions as a bridge to form chemical bonding between the abrasive grains and the matrix material. In addition to a plated material, the matrix material can include a braze, a solder, a sintered material, an infiltrant, an organic material, and a vitrified material. The method for making the abrasive article comprises the steps of: coating abrasive grains with a coating layer that chemically bonds to each of the abrasive grains; arranging the coated abrasive grains in accordance with a predetermined pattern; and chemically bonding the coated abrasive grains with a matrix material. 1. An abrasive article , comprising a plurality of abrasive grains that are arranged at individually specified positions in accordance with a predetermined pattern , and are chemically bonded with a matrix material that at least partially comprises a plated material.2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the abrasive grains include at least one member selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride.3. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the working surface of the abrasive article has protrusions regularly arranged in accordance with a predetermined pattern claim 1 , and each of the protrusions is sufficient in size enough to accommodate at least one abrasive grain.4. The abrasive article of claim 3 , wherein the upper surface of each protrusion is substantially flat.5. The abrasive article of claim 3 , wherein the protrusions are sufficient in size enough to accommodate at one smaller protrusion which is sufficient in size enough to accommodate at least one abrasive grain.6. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined pattern defines at least one member selected ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION OF CATALYST MATERIAL FROM PCD ELEMENTS

A method of treating a cutter element comprises contacting at least a portion of a volume of polycrystalline diamond with an electrolyte solution, applying an electrical current between the volume of the polycrystalline diamond and a counter electrode to maintain a predetermined electrochemical potential between a reference electrode and the volume of polycrystalline diamond, and corroding at least a portion of the catalyst material from the interstitial spaces between the diamond grains in the volume of polycrystalline diamond. The volume of the polycrystalline diamond comprises interbonded diamond grains and a catalyst material disposed in the interstitial spaces between adjacent diamond grains in the volume of polycrystalline diamond. The counter electrode is in contact with the electrolyte solution, and the electrical current is supplied at a substantially constant electrochemical potential between a reference electrode and the volume of polycrystalline diamond. 1. A method of treating a cutter element comprising:contacting a volume of polycrystalline diamond with an electrolyte solution, wherein the volume of the polycrystalline diamond comprises interbonded diamond grains and a catalyst material disposed in at least some of the interstitial spaces between adjacent diamond grains;applying an electrical current between the volume of the polycrystalline diamond and a counter electrode, wherein the counter electrode is in contact with the electrolyte solution;maintaining a substantially constant electrochemical potential on the volume of the polycrystalline diamond during the applying of the electrical current; andcorroding at least a portion of the catalyst material from the interstitial spaces between the diamond grains.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: varying the electrical current between the volume of the polycrystalline diamond and the counter electrode to maintain the substantially constant electrochemical potential.3. The method of claim 2 , ...

Grinding Tool and Method of Manufacturing the Same

A grinding tool includes a substrate having a working surface, and a plurality of abrasive particles distributed over the working surface and protruding outward from the working surface, wherein at least some of the abrasive particles are machined to form abrasive particles respectively having an obliquely truncated pyramid shape. Some embodiments described herein also include a method of manufacturing the grinding tool. 1. A grinding tool comprising:a substrate having a working surface; anda plurality of abrasive particles distributed over the working surface and protruding outward from the working surface, wherein at least some of the abrasive particles are machined to form abrasive particles respectively having an obliquely truncated pyramid shape.2. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the obliquely truncated pyramid shape is a right square pyramid truncated to form a bevel having a quadrilateral shape claim 1 , the quadrilateral shape having a first diagonal and a second diagonal claim 1 , the second diagonal being shorter than the first diagonal claim 1 , the first diagonal being a perpendicular bisector of the second diagonal and having a length between about 0.08 cm and about 0.12 cm claim 1 , and a first normal line to the bevel and a second normal line to a base of the pyramid shape defining an angle between about 22.5 degrees and about 32.5 degrees.3. The grinding tool according to claim 2 , wherein the angle between the first normal line and the second normal line is equal to about 27.5 degrees.4. The grinding tool according to claim 1 , wherein the obliquely truncated pyramid shape is a right square pyramid truncated to form a bevel having an isosceles trapezoid shape claim 1 , the isosceles trapezoid shape having two bases of different lengths parallel to each other claim 1 , a distance between the two bases being between about 0.18 cm and about 0.22 cm claim 1 , and a first normal line to the bevel and a second normal line to a base of the ...

STRINGED INSTRUMENT FRET FILING TOOL

A stringed instrument fret filing tool and a method of making the fret filing tool. The fret filing tool includes a body having more than one major surface and numerous minor surfaces that defines a substantially planar profile. The planar profile is sized to a length that engages with three frets on a fretboard of a stringed instrument. Each of the minor surfaces defines a different length than the other minor surfaces. A file is formed on a middle portion along each of the lengths of the minor surfaces and opposing end portions are formed on the length of each minor surface and are disposed astride the file. During use of the fret filing tool, the file may glide along a raised fret and file the raised fret until it is the same height as the adjacent frets. 113.-. (canceled)14. A stringed instrument fret filing tool comprising: are disposed between the plurality of major surfaces;', 'define one width and at least four different lengths such that each length can engage with three frets on a fretboard of a stringed instrument; and', 'are substantially planar; and, 'a body comprising a plurality of major surfaces and a plurality of minor surfaces, wherein the plurality of minor surfacesa file disposed on each of the minor surfaces such that the file defines a middle portion disposed between end portions, wherein the file of a particular one of the plurality of minor surfaces is configured to file a raised fret when the particular one of the plurality of minor surfaces is engaged with three frets;wherein the stringed instrument fret filing tool has a unitary construction that is configured to identify the raised fret and file the raised fret.15. A method of making a stringed instrument fret filing tool , the method comprising:providing a shaping material;forming the shaping material into a body comprising a plurality of major surfaces and plurality minor surfaces, wherein each minor surface comprises a middle portion and a length that spans at least three frets of a ...

Annular grindstone

An annular grindstone includes a grindstone portion including a binding material, and abrasive grains which are dispersed into the binding material to be fixed, in which the binding material contains a nickel-iron alloy. Preferably, a contained ratio of iron in the nickel-iron alloy is in a range of 5 wt % or more to less than 60 wt %. More preferably, a contained ratio of iron in the nickel-iron alloy is in a range of 20 wt % or more to 50 wt % or less. Preferably, the annular grindstone includes the grindstone portion only. In addition, the annular grindstone further includes an annular base including a grip portion, in which the grindstone portion is exposed at an outer peripheral edge of the annular base.

OUTER BLADE CUTTING WHEEL AND MAKING METHOD

An outer blade cutting wheel is provided comprising an annular thin disc base and a blade section of bonded abrasive grains on the periphery of the base. Provided that an imaginary range is delineated by two imaginary planes extending parallel to the planar surfaces of the base and tangent to widthwise side portions of the blade section and two imaginary circumferences defined about the rotational axis and extending tangent to inner and outer perimeters of the blade section, the blade section occupies 10-40% by volume of the imaginary range minus the region of the base, and the widthwise side portions of the blade section have a dented shape relative to the imaginary planes. The cutting wheel is capable of cutoff machining at a high feed speed while maintaining a high accuracy and a low cutting load. 1. An outer blade cutting wheel comprising an annular thin disc base having a pair of planar surfaces and a periphery , and a blade section composed of abrasive grains and a bond and formed on the periphery of the base , the wheel being adapted to rotate about an axis ,wherein provided that an imaginary range is delineated by two imaginary planes extending parallel to the planar surfaces of the base and tangent to widthwise side portions of the blade section and two imaginary circumferences defined about the rotational axis and extending tangent to inner and outer perimeters of the blade section, the blade section occupies 10 to 40% by volume of the imaginary range minus the region occupied by the base, and the widthwise side portions of the blade section have a dented shape relative to the imaginary planes.2. The cutting wheel of wherein the side surface of the blade section has a concave/convex configuration composed of concave portions which are dented relative to the imaginary plane and the imaginary circumference and convex portions which are tangent to the imaginary plane and the imaginary circumference claim 1 , wherein the concave portions are continuously ...

ABRASIVE ARTICLE AND METHOD OF FORMING

An abrasive article includes a substrate having an elongated body, a plurality of discrete tacking regions defining a discontinuous distribution of features overlying the substrate, where at least one discrete tacking region of the plurality of discrete tacking regions includes a metal material having a melting temperature not greater than 450° C., a plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions, and a bonding layer overlying the substrate, plurality of discrete tacking regions, and plurality of discrete formations. 1. An abrasive article comprising:a substrate comprising an elongated body;a plurality of discrete tacking regions defining a discontinuous distribution of features overlying the substrate, wherein at least one discrete tacking region of the plurality of discrete tacking regions comprises a metal material having a melting temperature not greater than 450° C.;a plurality of discrete formations overlying the substrate and spaced apart from the plurality of discrete tacking regions; anda bonding layer overlying the substrate, plurality of discrete tacking regions, and plurality of discrete formations.2. The abrasive article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete tacking regions of the plurality of discrete tacking regions comprises a metal material comprising an alloy of transition metal elements claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete tacking regions further comprises a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of lead claim 1 , silver claim 1 , copper claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , gold claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , and a combination thereof claim 1 , wherein at least one of the discrete tacking regions comprises a metal alloy of tin claim 1 , wherein at ...

Composite machining tool

A composite machining tool includes a tool body with at least one cutting edge and at least one grinding region. The grinding region is located adjacent to the cutting edge such that there is a gap between the grinding region and the cutting edge and such that when the tool performs a machining action the cutting edge and the grinding region act together on a material surface.

Cmp pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes

Embodiments of the disclosure generally provide polishing pads includes a composite pad body and methods for forming the polishing pads. One embodiment provides a polishing pad including a composite pad body. The composite pad body includes one or more first features formed from a first material or a first composition of materials, and one or more second features formed from a second material or a second composition of materials, wherein the one or more first features and the one or more second features are formed by depositing a plurality of layers comprising the first material or first composition of materials and second material or second composition of materials.

Schleifelement zum Trockenschleifen und -Polieren und Verfahren zur Herstellung

CMP pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes

Embodiments of the disclosure generally provide polishing pads includes a composite pad body and methods for forming the polishing pads. One embodiment provides a polishing pad including a composite pad body. The composite pad body includes one or more first features formed from a first material or a first composition of materials, and one or more second features formed from a second material or a second composition of materials, wherein the one or more first features and the one or more second features are formed by depositing a plurality of layers comprising the first material or first composition of materials and second material or second composition of materials.

애디티브 제조 프로세스들을 이용한 복합 재료 특성들을 갖는 ｃｍｐ 패드 구성

본 개시내용의 실시예들은 일반적으로 복합 패드 바디를 포함하는 폴리싱 패드들, 및 이러한 폴리싱 패드들을 형성하기 위한 방법들을 제공한다. 일 실시예는 복합 패드 바디를 포함하는 폴리싱 패드를 제공한다. 복합 패드 바디는 제1 재료나 제1 재료 조성물로 형성된 하나 이상의 제1 피쳐; 및 제2 재료나 제2 재료 조성물로 형성된 하나 이상의 제2 피쳐를 포함하고, 하나 이상의 제1 피쳐 및 하나 이상의 제2 피쳐는, 제1 재료나 제1 재료 조성물 및 제2 재료나 제2 재료 조성물을 포함하는 복수의 층을 퇴적함으로써 형성된다.

Precursor formulations for polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to advanced polishing pads with tunable chemical, material and structural properties, and new methods of manufacturing the same. According to one or more embodiments of the disclosure, it has been discovered that a polishing pad with improved properties may be produced by an additive manufacturing process, such as a three-dimensional (3D) printing process. Embodiments of the present disclosure thus may provide an advanced polishing pad that has discrete features and geometries, formed from at least two different materials that include functional polymers, functional oligomers, reactive diluents, and curing agents. For example, the advanced polishing pad may be formed from a plurality of polymeric layers, by the automated sequential deposition of at least one resin precursor composition followed by at least one curing step, wherein each layer may represent at least one polymer composition, and/or regions of different compositions.

一种改善钕铁硼磁体表面剪切力的工艺

本发明公开了一种改善钕铁硼磁体表面剪切力的工艺，通过用金刚砂砂轮加工钕铁硼表面，金刚砂砂轮由砂轮基体、镍钴合金层及金刚砂磨料构成，砂轮基体的材料为不锈钢，金刚砂磨料由60目的金刚砂、80目的金刚砂和120目的金刚砂混合而成，且60目的金刚砂、80目的金刚砂和120目的金刚砂的质量之比为1：1：1，60目的金刚砂、80目的金刚砂和120目的金刚砂固定在镍钴合金层上且无序分布，在钕铁硼上形成无规则分布的粗细不一致的刀丝印迹，后续通过低成本的酸洗工艺来除锈；优点是在增加钕铁硼磁体表面的结合面积后，采用常规的成本较低的酸洗工艺取代现有的成本较高的喷砂工艺来进行除锈，工艺过程简单，成本较低，且表面剪切力可以显著提高。

애디티브 제조 프로세스에 의해 제조되는 폴리싱 패드들

본 개시내용의 실시예들은 튜닝가능한 화학, 재료 및 구조 특성들을 갖는 진보된 폴리싱 패드들, 및 이러한 폴리싱 패드들을 제조하는 새로운 방법들에 관한 것이다. 본 개시내용의 하나 이상의 실시예에 따르면, 개선된 특성들을 갖는 폴리싱 패드가 3차원(3D) 프린팅 프로세스와 같은 애디티브 제조 프로세스에 의해 제조될 수 있다고 발견되었다. 따라서, 본 개시내용의 실시예들은, 관능성 폴리머, 관능성 올리고머, 반응성 희석제, 및 경화제를 포함하는 적어도 2가지 상이한 재료로 형성된 불연속 피쳐들 및 기하형상들을 갖는 진보된 폴리싱 패드를 제공할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 진보된 폴리싱 패드는, 적어도 하나의 수지 프리커서 조성물의 자동화된 순차적인 퇴적과, 그에 후속하는 적어도 하나의 경화 단계에 의해, 복수의 폴리머 층으로 형성될 수 있고, 여기서 각각의 층은 적어도 하나의 폴리머 조성물, 및/또는 상이한 조성물들의 영역들을 표현할 수 있다.

Dressing roll and manufacture thereof

由积层制造工艺所生产的研磨垫

本公开的实施例是关于具有可调谐化学特性、材料特性及结构特性的高级研磨垫，及制造所述研磨垫的新方法。根据本公开的一或多个实施例，已发现具有改善特性的研磨垫可由诸如三维(3D)打印工艺的积层制造工艺来产生。因此，本公开的实施例可提供具有离散特征及几何形状、由至少两种不同材料形成的高级研磨垫，所述不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反应性稀释剂及固化剂。举例而言，该高级研磨垫可通过自动化依序沉积至少一种树脂前体组成物，随后以至少一个固化步骤而由多个聚合物层形成，其中各层可表示至少一种聚合物组成物和/或不同组成物的区域。

니켈 도금액, 및 고체 미립자 부착 와이어의 제조 방법

와이어의 표면에 다이아몬드 등의 고체 미립자를 응집시키지 않고 균일하게 분산시킨 상태로 고착시킬 수 있는 니켈 도금액과, 당해 니켈 도금액을 이용한 고체 미립자 부착 와이어의 제조 방법 및 당해 고체 미립자 부착 와이어의 제공을 목적으로 한다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위해, 와이어 표면에 고체 미립자를 분산 함유하는 전해 니켈 도금층을 형성하기 위한 니켈 도금액으로서, 표면 개질 처리를 실시한 무기 코팅층 부착 고체 미립자와, 분산제로서의 폴리아민류를 함유한 니켈 도금액을 채용한다.

超硬磨料砂轮

一种超硬磨料砂轮，具有：基体金属；以及位于基体金属上的超硬磨粒层。该超硬磨粒层包括金刚石磨粒和CBN磨粒，并且金刚石磨粒和CBN磨粒通过结合剂以单层的形式固定在基体金属上。

由积层制造工艺所生产的研磨垫

本公开的实施例是关于具有可调谐化学特性、材料特性及结构特性的高级研磨垫，及制造所述研磨垫的新方法。根据本公开的一或多个实施例，已发现具有改善特性的研磨垫可由诸如三维(3D)打印工艺的积层制造工艺来产生。因此，本公开的实施例可提供具有离散特征及几何形状、由至少两种不同材料形成的高级研磨垫，所述不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反应性稀释剂及固化剂。举例而言，该高级研磨垫可通过自动化依序沉积至少一种树脂前体组成物，随后以至少一个固化步骤而由多个聚合物层形成，其中各层可表示至少一种聚合物组成物和/或不同组成物的区域。

manufacturing method of a diamond grinding tool

본 발명은 다이아몬드 입자들의 크기와 간격을 용이하게 조절할 수 있도록 된 새로운 구성의 다이아몬드 연마구 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a diamond polishing tool of a novel configuration that can easily adjust the size and spacing of the diamond particles. 본 발명에 따르면, 비전도세사(10)를 위사와 경사로 직조한 스크린(11)을 사용하여 연마구본체(15)에 다이아몬드 입자들을 고르게 고착시키는 다이아몬드 연마구의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기 스크린(11)을 프레스하여 비전도세사(10)의 폭을 넓혀서 망눈(13)을 원하는 크기와 간격으로 조절하는 단계(ST100)와, 이 단계(ST100)에서 프레스된 스크린(11)을 연마구본체(15)의 상면에 체결하는 단계(ST200)와, 이 스크린(11)에 의해 이격되어 규칙적으로 정렬된 다이아몬드 입자들을 연마구본체(15)의 상면에 전착식 전기도금 하여 고착시키는 단계(ST300)와, 연마구본체(15)에서 상기 스크린(11)을 제거하는 단계(ST400)를 포함하며, 상기 스크린(11)을 프레스하여 망눈(13)의 크기와 간격을 임의로 조절할 수 있도록 된 것을 특징으로 하는 다이아몬드 연마구의 제조방법이 제공된다. According to the present invention, in the method of manufacturing a diamond polishing tool for uniformly fixing the diamond particles to the polishing sphere body 15 using the screen 11 woven non-conductive yarn 10 in a warp and weft, the screen 11 Press to widen the width of the non-conductive yarn 10 to adjust the mesh 13 to the desired size and spacing (ST100), and the screen 11 pressed in this step (ST100) to the polishing sphere body 15 Fastening to the upper surface of the step (ST200), the step of regularly aligned diamond particles spaced by the screen 11 and electrodeposited electroplating and fixed to the upper surface of the abrasive sphere body (ST300), and And removing the screen 11 from the harness body 15 (ST400), and pressing the screen 11 to adjust the size and spacing of the manganese 13, wherein the diamond polishing Provided a method of making a sphere .

Polishing pad produced by lamination manufacturing process

本公开的实施例是关于具有可调谐化学特性、材料特性及结构特性的高级研磨垫，及制造所述研磨垫的新方法。根据本公开的一或多个实施例，已发现具有改善特性的研磨垫可由诸如三维(3D)打印工艺的积层制造工艺来产生。因此，本公开的实施例可提供具有离散特征及几何形状、由至少两种不同材料形成的高级研磨垫，所述不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反应性稀释剂及固化剂。举例而言，该高级研磨垫可通过自动化依序沉积至少一种树脂前体组成物，随后以至少一个固化步骤而由多个聚合物层形成，其中各层可表示至少一种聚合物组成物和/或不同组成物的区域。

Peripheral cutting blade and its manufacturing method

Saw wire and method of manufacturing saw wire

본 발명은, 절단 성능이 우수한 고정 지립식 쏘 와이어 및 그 제조 방법을 제공한다. 지립이 금속 와이어에 고착된 고정 지립식 쏘 와이어이며, Zn계 또는 Sn계의 저융점 금속과, 상기 저융점 금속보다 융점이 높은 고융점 금속에 의해, 상기 지립이 상기 금속 와이어에 고착되어 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 쏘 와이어 및 그 제조 방법이다. The present invention provides a fixed-abrasive saw wire excellent in cutting performance and a method of manufacturing the same. Wherein the abrasive grains are fixed to the metal wire and the abrasive grains are fixed to the metal wire by a Zn or Sn based low melting point metal and a high melting point metal having a melting point higher than that of the low melting point metal And a method for manufacturing the same.

Manufacturing method of diamond grinder with a inclined grinding plane

A manufacturing method of a diamond grinder with a inclined grinding plane is provided to minimize the deviation of cutting force during usage of a grinder. A diamond particle(31) is adhered to a grinding tool main body(30) in order to grind surface. The grinding tool main body forms an inclination(32) of convex or concave shape stretched smoothly from the edge of the main body toward the center. A diamond particle is adhered to form a convex or concave shape corresponding to the inclination.

Circular whetstone

High precision multi-grit slicing blade

提供一种研磨切割刀片，在高速进料时可获得高质量表面抛光。刀片通过将细研磨剂电镀到阴极盘上形成第一层，然后将第二层较粗的研磨剂电镀到上述第一层上制得。然后将第三层细研磨剂电镀到第二层。所得复合物然后从阴极盘上取下，形成多磨粒多层无轮毂刀片。

Manufacture of electrodeposited tool

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process

본 개시내용의 실시예들은 튜닝가능한 화학, 재료 및 구조 특성들을 갖는 진보된 폴리싱 패드들, 및 이러한 폴리싱 패드들을 제조하는 새로운 방법들에 관한 것이다. 본 개시내용의 하나 이상의 실시예에 따르면, 개선된 특성들을 갖는 폴리싱 패드가 3차원(3D) 프린팅 프로세스와 같은 애디티브 제조 프로세스에 의해 제조될 수 있다고 발견되었다. 따라서, 본 개시내용의 실시예들은, 관능성 폴리머, 관능성 올리고머, 반응성 희석제, 및 경화제를 포함하는 적어도 2가지 상이한 재료로 형성된 불연속 피쳐들 및 기하형상들을 갖는 진보된 폴리싱 패드를 제공할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 진보된 폴리싱 패드는, 적어도 하나의 수지 프리커서 조성물의 자동화된 순차적인 퇴적과, 그에 후속하는 적어도 하나의 경화 단계에 의해, 복수의 폴리머 층으로 형성될 수 있고, 여기서 각각의 층은 적어도 하나의 폴리머 조성물, 및/또는 상이한 조성물들의 영역들을 표현할 수 있다. Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to advanced polishing pads with tunable chemical, material and structural properties, and new methods of making such polishing pads. In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, it has been discovered that a polishing pad having improved properties can be manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, such as a three-dimensional (3D) printing process. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure may provide an advanced polishing pad having discrete features and geometries formed from at least two different materials comprising a functional polymer, a functional oligomer, a reactive diluent, and a curing agent. . For example, an advanced polishing pad may be formed from a plurality of polymer layers by automated sequential deposition of at least one resin precursor composition followed by at least one curing step, wherein each layer may represent regions of at least one polymer composition, and/or different compositions.

Electro deposited grindstone

내용 없음. No content.

Polishing pad produced by lamination manufacturing process

本公开的实施例是关于具有可调谐化学特性、材料特性及结构特性的高级研磨垫，及制造所述研磨垫的新方法。根据本公开的一或多个实施例，已发现具有改善特性的研磨垫可由诸如三维(3D)打印工艺的积层制造工艺来产生。因此，本公开的实施例可提供具有离散特征及几何形状、由至少两种不同材料形成的高级研磨垫，所述不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反应性稀释剂及固化剂。举例而言，该高级研磨垫可通过自动化依序沉积至少一种树脂前体组成物，随后以至少一个固化步骤而由多个聚合物层形成，其中各层可表示至少一种聚合物组成物和/或不同组成物的区域。

METHOD FOR PRODUCING GRINDING TOOLS WITH GALVANIC METAL BINDING

Polishing pad manufactured by additional manufacturing process

【課題】調整可能な化学的、材料的及び構造的な特性を有する高度な研磨パッド及びその研磨パッドを製造する新たな方法を提供する。【解決手段】３次元（３Ｄ）印刷プロセスなどの付加製造プロセスにより製作され、官能性ポリマー、官能性オリゴマー、反応性希釈剤及び硬化剤を含む少なくとも２つの異なる材料から形成された個別的特性及び形状寸法を有する高度な研磨パッド２００であって、少なくとも１つの樹脂前駆体組成物の自動連続堆積により、更にはその後に続く少なくとも１つの硬化ステップにより、複数のポリマー層から形成される。複数のポリマー層の各層は、少なくとも１つのポリマー組成物及び／又は異なる組成物の領域を表す。【選択図】図３Ａ

Electrodeposition diamond wheel

(57)【要約】 【課題】 本発明の目的は、熱軟化性材料と強化 材とからなる複合材を効率よく切断することのできる電 着ダイヤモンドホイールを提供する。 【解決手段】 電着ダイヤモンドホイール１０は、熱 軟化性材料と強化材とを備えた複合材を切断するための ダイヤモンドホイール１０において、中心に取付穴２１ と、この取付穴２１から外周方向へ所定距離で且つ所定 間隔で冷却穴が複数形成された円形基板２０と、この円 形基板２０の外周に電着されたダイヤモンド砥粒３０ と、を備え、円形基板２０の両面には山２３と谷２４が 波形として形成されており、この波形の外周にダイヤモ ンド砥粒３０が電着されて刃先が形成され、この刃先は 基板２０にあわせた波形に形成される。

Cmp pad construction with composite material properties using additive manufacturing processes

본 개시내용의 실시예들은 일반적으로 복합 패드 바디를 포함하는 폴리싱 패드들, 및 이러한 폴리싱 패드들을 형성하기 위한 방법들을 제공한다. 일 실시예는 복합 패드 바디를 포함하는 폴리싱 패드를 제공한다. 복합 패드 바디는 제1 재료나 제1 재료 조성물로 형성된 하나 이상의 제1 피쳐; 및 제2 재료나 제2 재료 조성물로 형성된 하나 이상의 제2 피쳐를 포함하고, 하나 이상의 제1 피쳐 및 하나 이상의 제2 피쳐는, 제1 재료나 제1 재료 조성물 및 제2 재료나 제2 재료 조성물을 포함하는 복수의 층을 퇴적함으로써 형성된다.

Electrodeposited diamond stone for grinding ferrite

본 고안은 페라이트의 연삭시에 본드층의 마멸을 방지하여 다이아몬드 입자의 탈락을 방지하고, 숫돌의 수명을 향상시키기 위한 전착 다이아몬드 숫돌을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다. An object of the present invention is to provide an electrodeposited diamond whetstone for preventing the abrasion of the bond layer during grinding of the ferrite to prevent the dropping of diamond particles and to improve the life of the whetstone. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 고안은 숫돌 본체의 금속 표면에 피착된 니켈 도금층에 다이아몬드 입자가 결합되어 있는 전착 숫돌에 있어서, 상기 니켈 도금 층의 표면에 니켈 도금층 보다도 내마모성 및 비점착성이 우수한 도금층을 피착시킴에 의해 2층의 전착층으로 형성되어 있고, 하층인 니켈 도금층의 표면에 피착되는 도금층으로는 Ni-P 합금을 전기 도금법에 의해 20∼24㎛의 두께로 형성시키고, 니켈 도금층의 상층을 이루는 Ni-P 도금층은, 전기 도금 개시 초기인 11∼13분간의 평균 전류 밀도를 9∼11A/d㎡의 범위로 하고, 그 이후는 전기 도금의 종료시 까지의 평균 전류 밀도를 2∼3A/d㎡의 범위에서 도금한 것을 특징으로 하는 전착 다이아몬드 숫돌을 제공한다. The present invention for achieving the above object in the electrodeposited grindstone in which diamond particles are bonded to the nickel plated layer deposited on the metal surface of the whetstone body, the coating layer having a better wear resistance and non-adhesiveness than the nickel plated layer on the surface of the nickel plated layer The Ni-P alloy is formed to a thickness of 20 to 24 占 퐉 by electroplating and formed as an upper layer of the nickel plating layer as a plating layer formed of two electrodeposition layers by application, and deposited on the surface of the nickel plating layer as the lower layer. The Ni-P plating layer has an average current density in the range of 9 to 11 A / dm 2 for 11 to 13 minutes, which is the initial stage of electroplating start, and after that, the average current density until the end of electroplating is 2 to 3 A / dm 2. It provides an electrodeposited diamond whetstone, characterized in that plated in the range of. 본 고안에 의해 페라이트의 연삭시에 도금층의 조기 마멸이 방지되고, 그 결과 다이아몬드 입자의 조기 탈락이 방지되어 공구수명이 증가된다. The present invention prevents premature wear of the plated layer during the grinding of the ferrite, and as a result, premature dropout of the diamond particles is prevented, thereby increasing the tool life.

The liquid stirring apparatus using a ultrasonic vibrator and the liquid stirring method using there for

초음파 주파수 영역의 진동초음파를 출력하는 진동자와, 상기 진동자의 일측에 장착되며, 전착조에 충진된 전착액에 일측 단부가 잠기도록하여 상기 출력된 진동초음파를 상기 전착액에 인가 및 집중시켜 상기 전착액에 함유된 고형의 미립자를 분산시키는 부스터용 노즐과, 상기 진동자의 출력주파수 및 출력파워를 조절하는 컨트롤러를 포함하는 초음파 진동자를 이용한 액상교반장치 및 그 방법을 제공한다. A vibrator which is mounted on one side of the vibrator and which has one end immersed in an electrodeposition liquid filled in the electrodeposition tank to apply and concentrate the outputted vibration ultrasonic wave to the electrodeposition liquid, And a controller for adjusting an output frequency and an output power of the vibrator, and a liquid stirring apparatus using the ultrasonic vibrator.

Velcro type grinding pad having flexible property and method of manufacturing the same

불꽃 및 소음, 진동이 거의 발생하지 않으며, 철자재의 페인트, 용융아연도금, 녹 등의 제거 효과가 우수할 뿐만 아니라 황삭, 정삭 등 철자재의 연마 및 연삭용으로 사용할 수 있는 벨크로 타입의 연마 패드 및 그 제조 방법에 대하여 개시한다. 본 발명에 따른 벨크로 타입의 연마 패드는 금속판; 상기 금속판의 일면에 부착된 다이아몬드 지립; 상기 금속판의 타면에 형성된 본딩 부재; 및 상기 본딩 부재를 매개로 상기 금속판의 타면에 본딩된 벨크로 시트층;을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. Velcro-type polishing pads, which can be used for polishing and grinding iron materials such as roughing and finishing, as well as excellent effect of removing iron paint, hot dip galvanizing, rust, etc. A manufacturing method is disclosed. Velcro type polishing pad according to the present invention is a metal plate; Diamond abrasive grains attached to one surface of the metal plate; A bonding member formed on the other surface of the metal plate; And a velcro sheet layer bonded to the other surface of the metal plate via the bonding member.

Manufacturing method of a diamond grinding tool

본 발명은 연마효율이 향상되면서도 절삭력이 향상되는 다이아몬드 연마구의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a diamond abrasive sphere in which cutting force is improved while polishing efficiency is improved. 본 발명에 따르면, 비전도성의 위사와 경사로 직조된 스크린(20)을 사용하여 연마구본체(7)에 다이아몬드입자(22)들을 전착식 전기도금에 의해 고착하는 다이아몬드 연마구의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기 연마구본체(7)의 상면에 접착성 향상을 위해 전기도금하여 제1도금층(23)을 형성하는 단계(ST100)와, 이 제1도금층(23)의 상면에 상기 스크린(20)을 체결하는 단계(ST200)와, 이 스크린(20)의 위사와 경사 사이의 망눈에 전기도금으로 제2도금층(24)을 형성하는 단계(ST300)와, 상기 스크린(20)의 망눈에 다이아몬드입자(22)를 정렬하는 단계(ST400)와, 전단계(ST400)에서 정렬된 다이아몬드입자(22)를 전기도금으로 형성되는 제3도금층(25)에 의해 상기 제2도금층(24)의 상부에 고착하는 단계(ST500)와, 상기 제3도금층(25)까지 형성된 연마구본체(7)에서 상기 스크린(20)을 제거하여 상기 다이아몬드 연마구가 폴리싱패드(2)를 연마할 때 생성되는 칩을 배출하는 칩포켓(26)이 형성되는 단계(ST600)를 포함하여 구성되며, 상기 단계(ST300)에서 형성되는 제2도금층(24)의 두께만큼 칩포켓(26)이 커져서 칩의 배출을 보다 용이하게 하여 연마효율이 향상되는 다이아몬드 연마구의 제조방법이 제공된다. According to the present invention, in the method for producing a diamond polishing tool for attaching the diamond particles 22 to the polishing sphere body 7 by electrodeposition electroplating using a screen 20 woven with a non-conductive weft and warp yarns, Forming a first plating layer 23 by electroplating to improve adhesion on the upper surface of the abrasive body (7) (ST100), and fastening the screen 20 to the upper surface of the first plating layer 23 Step ST200, forming the second plating layer 24 by electroplating in the mesh between the weft and the slope of the screen 20, ST300, and diamond particles 22 in the mesh of the screen 20. Fixing step (ST400) and fixing the diamond particles 22 aligned in the previous step (ST400) to the upper portion of the second plating layer 24 by the third plating layer 25 formed by electroplating (ST500). ) And the screen 20 is removed from the abrasive body 7 formed up to the third plating layer 25. And a chip pocket 26 for discharging chips generated when the diamond polishing tool polishes the polishing pad 2 (ST600), and the second plating layer formed in the step ST300 ( There ...

Process of a grinding tool to use electrode position

PURPOSE: A method for producing a grinding and polishing tool is provided to prevent blockage on the grinding tool caused by chips generated in grinding a material through forming a thin metallic plate and an electrodeposition layer on the metallic plate. CONSTITUTION: A masking insulating resin having acid resistance property and alkali resistance property is coated on a surface of a metallic substrate having flexibility. Herein, the masking insulating resin is coated on an area except an electrodeposition area in a silk screen method. Then, the masking insulating resin is dried in air. The metallic substrate is placed on a plating tank having plating solution for dipping an abrasion resistant powder on the electrodeposition area. The metallic substrate and a plating material metallic plate are installed on a cathode and an anode for flowing electric current. Therefore, the abrasion resistant powder and precipitate metal are fixed on the electrodeposition area by electrodeposition operation of metal ion. Then, the metallic substrate is attached to a main body of a grinding tool.

Abrasive sawing wire, production method thereof and use of same

An abrasive wire including a steel core and an outer coating including a binder and abrasive particles, the binder being formed by at least one nickel-cobalt alloy layer having a cobalt content of between 20 wt.-% and 85 wt.-% in relation to the weight of the Ni/Co alloy.

WHEEL DRESSING WHEEL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING WHEEL DRESSING WHEEL

ABRASIVE SAWING WIRE

Fil abrasif comprenant une âme en acier et un revêtement externe comprenant un liant et des particules abrasives, ledit liant étant constitué d'au moins une couche en alliage nickel/cobalt dont la teneur en cobalt est comprise entre 20% et 85% en poids par rapport au poids de l'alliage Ni/Co. An abrasive wire comprising a steel core and an outer coating comprising a binder and abrasive particles, said binder consisting of at least one nickel / cobalt alloy layer having a cobalt content of 20% to 85% by weight relative to the weight of the Ni / Co alloy.

Fixing abrasive particles to diamond dressing cores - with glass or plastic and nickel

Method of fixing abrasive particles, esp. diamond, into a grindstone esp. for use as a fraise, a plane surface cutter or profiling tool for dressing silicon carbide and similar shaped tools, comprises first coating the body of the tool with a substance (I) which is to be removed later, provisionally fixing the particles onto the grindstone base with the aid of an agglomerant used in quantity sufficient to partly fill the voids between the particles, removing the substance (I) by dissolution, electroplating the body with nickel which replaces the substance (I). The agglomerant may be glass or plastic, and the substance (I) is pref. a grease.

ABRASIVE SAWING WIRE

Process for manufacturing diamond tools having abrasive surfaces by electrolysis

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING A CUTTING WIRE

GRINDING DRESSING ROD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ROLLER OF GRINDING MACHINE

L'invention se rapporte aux molettes de dressage des meules. Dans cette molette de dressage diamantée, composée d'un corps de base 1, d'un anneau métallique 2 et d'une garniture de diamant 3 liée à l'anneau métallique par galvanoformage, on assemble l'anneau métallique 2 au corps de base 1 en comblant l'espace intermédiaire entre ces deux éléments au moyen d'un matériau composite 5 composé d'une résine synthétique à deux composants 7 et de particules solides, de préférence métalliques 6, notamment de silicates, et de poudres métalliques, pour élever à environ 250 degre(s)C la résistance à la chaleur et garantir ainsi la stabilité de forme, la résistance mécanique et la résistance à la température. Principales applications : dressage des meules. The invention relates to dressing wheels for grinding wheels. In this diamond dressing wheel, composed of a base body 1, a metal ring 2 and a diamond insert 3 linked to the metal ring by galvanoforming, the metal ring 2 is assembled to the base body 1 by filling the intermediate space between these two elements by means of a composite material 5 composed of a synthetic resin with two components 7 and of solid particles, preferably metallic 6, in particular of silicates, and of metallic powders, to raise to about 250 degree (s) C heat resistance and thus guarantee shape stability, mechanical strength and temperature resistance. Main applications: dressing of grinding wheels.

Cutting tool having concentrically arranged outside and inside abrasive grain layers and method for production thereof

내용 없음. No content.

Process for manufacturing diamond grinding wheels and grinding wheels obtained by this process

Patent FR1592201A

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DIAMOND TOOLS ON FLEXIBLE SUPPORT AND TOOLS THEREFROM

Diamond Cutting Tool and Manufacturing Method Thereof

본 발명은 다이아몬드 절삭공구 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 다이아몬드 절삭공구 제조방법은, 강재 본체 상의 절삭날로 이용하고자 하는 부위에 다수의 금속 코팅된 다이아몬드 입자들을 자력으로 고정 배열하고, 전착에 의해 다이아몬드 입자들을 본체에 부착하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 이러한 제조방법에 의하면 제조시간을 단축하면서도 다이아몬드 입자를 견고하게 본체에 부착할 수 있으며, 또한 절삭공구의 수명을 연장하는 것이 가능하게 된다. The present invention relates to a diamond cutting tool and a method of manufacturing the same. The method for manufacturing a diamond cutting tool according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of metal-coated diamond particles are fixedly arranged magnetically on a portion to be used as a cutting edge on a steel body, and the diamond particles are attached to the body by electrodeposition. According to this manufacturing method, diamond particles can be firmly attached to the main body while shortening the manufacturing time, and the life of the cutting tool can be extended. 절삭공구, 다이아몬드, 전착, 복층, 도금, 자화 Cutting tool, diamond, electrodeposition, multilayer, plating, magnetization

Polishing pad produced by lamination manufacturing process

本公开的实施例是关于具有可调谐化学特性、材料特性及结构特性的高级研磨垫，及制造所述研磨垫的新方法。根据本公开的一或多个实施例，已发现具有改善特性的研磨垫可由诸如三维(3D)打印工艺的积层制造工艺来产生。因此，本公开的实施例可提供具有离散特征及几何形状、由至少两种不同材料形成的高级研磨垫，所述不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反应性稀释剂及固化剂。举例而言，该高级研磨垫可通过自动化依序沉积至少一种树脂前体组成物，随后以至少一个固化步骤而由多个聚合物层形成，其中各层可表示至少一种聚合物组成物和/或不同组成物的区域。

FLEXIBLE GRINDING ELEMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A GRINDING ELEMENT.

Abrading tool with discontinuous diamond pattern - obtd. by electro-nickel bonding diamond particles to surface having interspersed metal and resist zones

An abrasive tool with a discontinuous diamond pattern on the surface is made by electrochemically depositing a metal on a surface of a substrate having interspersed metal zones and non-conductive resist zones. Diamond particles are then non-selectively distributed over the surface, and Ni is electrodeposited on the horizontal surface to bond the diamonds to the metal zones. The substrate is then titled to remove the diamonds which are not bonded to the resist zones and further Ni is electrodeposited to bond the diamond particles. Used for abrading discs for grinding and polishing opthalmic lenses. The discontinuous diamond pattern economises on diamond and is easily produced.

Abrasive article and process of its formation

FIELD: cutting.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to abrasive processing and can be used in making wire abrasive articles used, in particular, for cutting stone or marble. Abrasive article comprises a substrate having an elongated body, a plurality of discrete areas of connection defining an intermittent distribution of elements located above the substrate. At least one discrete area comprises a metal material with a melting point of not more than 450 °C, and at least one abrasive particle is connected to each discrete area. There are multiple discrete structures located above the substrate at a distance from the plurality of discrete regions and not containing abrasive particles, as well as a binding layer located above said elements, regions and structures.EFFECT: reduced wear of abrasive article and longer service life.12 cl, 12 dwg, 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 685 839 C1 (51) МПК B23D 61/18 (2006.01) B24D 18/00 (2006.01) B24D 3/06 (2006.01) B28D 5/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B23D 61/18 (2018.08); B24D 18/00 (2018.08); B24D 3/06 (2018.08); B28D 5/04 (2018.08) (21) (22) Заявка: 2018102390, 28.06.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 28.06.2016 23.04.2019 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 29.06.2015 US 62/186,225 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2013/0205676 A1, 15.08.2013. US (45) Опубликовано: 23.04.2019 Бюл. № 12 2014/0013575 A1, 16.01.2014. US 2013/0032129 A1, 07.02.2013. RU 91924 U1, 10.03.2010. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 29.01.2018 (86) Заявка PCT: US 2016/039810 (28.06.2016) C 1 (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 6 8 5 8 3 9 C 1 WO 2017/004037 (05.01.2017) R U 2 6 8 5 8 3 9 (73) Патентообладатель(и): СЕН-ГОБЕН АБРАЗИВС, ИНК. (US), СЕН-ГОБЕН АБРАЗИФ (FR) R U Дата регистрации: (72) Автор(ы): ТЯНЬ, Инган (US), ПЕРЛМАН, Джон Дж. (US), БРОСНАН, Морин А. (US), КХАУНД, Аруп К. (US) Адрес ...

Methods of forming cutting elements by removing metal from interstitial spaces in polycrystalline diamond

Methods of forming a cutting element include immersing at least a portion of a volume of polycrystalline diamond in a liquid electrolytic solution and applying a voltage between the polycrystalline diamond and a cathode in contact with the liquid electrolytic solution to remove at least a portion of a metal from interstitial spaces between adjacent diamond grains. The polycrystalline diamond includes interbonded diamond grains and metal catalyst particles in the interstitial spaces between adjacent grains of polycrystalline diamond material. Some methods include forming a barrier over a portion of a volume of polycrystalline diamond and transferring at least a portion of the metal from a portion of the polycrystalline diamond not covered by the barrier to a liquid electrolyte. Some methods include encapsulating a volume of polycrystalline diamond in a barrier and selectively removing a portion of the barrier from a first portion of the volume of polycrystalline diamond.

Tool

Semiconductor material cutting apparatus and method of making the same

Improved rotary cutting apparatus and method of making the same incorporates a thin deposited layer of diamond particles in nickel disposed about the periphery of a rotatably body. The deposited layer is exposed beyond the periphery of the body during the fabrication process to provide high-speed cutting apparatus for use on semiconductor materials.

Grinding dresser for grinding disk of chemical machine polisher

(57)【要約】 【課題】 ケミカルマシンポリッシャの研磨盤用研磨ド レッサにおいて、研磨盤との接触部において面接触とな るようにして使用時の摩耗を軽減し長寿命化を図ると共 に、該研磨盤の研磨効率を向上する。 【解決手段】 平盤状のベース部材２９の外周部を所定 幅で盛り上げ、その盛上げ部３０の表面に研磨グリッド を略均一に分布させて固着した研磨面３１の断面形状を 凸形の円弧状曲面に形成したものである。これにより、 ケミカルマシンポリッシャの研磨盤との接触部において 面接触となるようにして使用時の摩耗を軽減し長寿命化 を図ると共に、該研磨盤の研磨効率を向上することがで きる。

Abrasive articles and their preparations

Dressing and manufacture of outer blade cutting wheel

一种外刀片切割轮（1）通过如下修整，该外刀片切割轮包括基体以及金属或合金-粘结磨料颗粒的刀片部分（11）：将切割轮夹持在一对圆形夹具（2）之间，从而刀片部分（11）超越夹具突出；将切割轮浸没在电抛光液体中；将反电极（4、5、6）相对于刀片部分定位；实现电抛光，由此除去金属或合金粘合剂的部分以及在碎片窝中容纳的碎片，直到磨料颗粒在刀片部分表面上暴露。

Electrodeposited wire tool and method of producing same

本发明提供一种电沉积线型工具。电沉积线型工具(10)具有沿长边方向延伸的芯线(4)、设置在芯线(4)的外周面(41)的镀层(3)、由镀层(3)保持的超硬磨粒(1)、被覆超硬磨粒(1)外周面的被覆层(2)。被覆层(2)由无电解Ni-P镀层构成。对被覆层(2)热处理，将无电解Ni-P镀层的一部分或全部结晶化。

Diamond roller rapid electroplating device and process

本发明提供了一种金刚石滚轮快速电镀装置及工艺，包括镀槽，所述镀槽内设有镀液循环装置和阴模动态旋转装置，所述阴模动态旋转装置包括阴极导电支撑杆和阴模固定装置，所述阴模固定装置包括与阴极导电支撑杆相连接的上旋转盖板，所述上旋转盖板上设有阳极钛篮，上旋转盖板下方设有下旋转盖板，下旋转盖板上设有阴模，阳极钛篮插入阴模中设置。本发明采用阴模动态旋转和镀液定向流动电镀工艺，结合高速氨镍镀液配方体系，阴极电流密度上限提升6倍，电镀制造周期缩短10天以上，电镀装载量提升4～8倍，有效解决了金刚石滚轮产品制造周期过长的技术难题。

Electric spark evaporation diamond wire-saw wire production equipment

본 발명은 전기 스파크 증착 다이아몬드 와이어쏘(wire-saw) 와이어 생산 장치를 제공하며, 여기에는 액체 공급 장치, 와이어쏘 와이어 기판에 분사 및 증착하기 위한 전기 스파크 증착 장치, 전기 스파크 증착 장치에 전력을 공급하기 위한 펄스 전원를 포함하고, 상기 전기 스파크 증착 장치는 액체 공급 장치에 연결되고, 상기 펄스 전원은 전기 스파크 증착 장치에 연결되고, 상기 전기 스파크 증착 장치는 회전 장치 상에 설치되고, 회전 장치 상에는 전기 스파크 증착 장치를 밀어 이동시키는 평행 이동 장치가 설치되고, 회전 장치 상에는 전기 스파크 증착 장치가 스윙하도록 구동하기 위한 스윙 장치가 더 설치된다. 본 장치는 와이어쏘 와이어 기판의 설정 위치 상에서 다이아몬드 연마 입자의 전기 스파크 증착 및 고형화를 진행하고, 연마 입자가 질서 있게 배열된 다이아몬드 와이어쏘 와이어를 제작할 수 있다.

Electrodeposited wire tool and method of producing same

An electrodeposited wire tool (10) has a core wire (4) extending in a longitudinal direction, a plating layer (3) provided on an outer peripheral surface (41) of the core wire (4), superabrasive grains (1) held by the plating layer (3) and coating layers (2) covering the outer peripheral surfaces of the superabrasive grains (1). The coating layers (2) are constituted of electroless Ni-P platings. The coating layers (2) are heat-treated, and the electroless Ni-P platings are partially or entirely crystallized.

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SUPERABRASIVE AND PRODUCT OBTAINED

L'invention concerne un nouveau produit, ou outil, superabrasif, notamment une meule de dressage ou de rectification, comprenant au moins des particules abrasives et un ou des matériaux électro-déposés, le ou lesdits matériaux électro-déposés enrobant lesdites particules abrasives sur 50 à 120% de leur taille moyenne, et comprenant au moins un ou des matériaux projetés. L'invention concerne également le procédé d'obtention dudit produit superabrasif et l'utilisation dudit produit dans un procédé ou dispositif de rectification ou de dressage. The invention relates to a new product, or tool, superabrasive, in particular a dressing or grinding wheel, comprising at least abrasive particles and one or more electro-deposited materials, said electro-deposited material coating said abrasive particles on 50 at 120% of their average size, and comprising at least one or more projected materials. The invention also relates to the process for obtaining said superabrasive product and the use of said product in a process or device for grinding or dressing.

Patent FR2400420B1

Process and apparatus for manufacturing a cutting wire

该用于制造由通过黏结剂保持在中心芯体上的磨料颗粒形成的磨料线的方法包括：a)将磨料颗粒沉积(204)到所述中心芯体上，每个磨料颗粒都包含相对磁导率大于50的磁性材料，所述磁性材料占所述磨料颗粒的体积的至少1％；和b)将所述黏结剂沉积(204、208)到所述中心芯体上以保持所述磨料颗粒附着到所述中心芯体。在步骤a)期间，在所述中心芯体和磁化的磨料颗粒之间产生(202、206)磁相互作用以将磁化的吸引到中心芯体，在步骤a)之前，所述中心芯体在其表面处具有沿着其周边和/或沿着其长度交替分布的至少两个南极和两个北极。

Corrugated electrodeposited diamond wheel

An electrodeposited diamond wheel including a circular substrate having an attaching aperture formed at the center and a plurality of cooling apertures each formed at a predetermined distance from the attaching aperture in the outer circumferential direction and each at a predetermined pitch. Diamond abrasive particles are electrodeposited on the outer circumference of the circular substrate. Ridges and grooves are formed as corrugations on both surfaces of the circular disc, and diamond abrasive particles are electrodeposited on the outer circumference of the corrugations to form a cutting edge, the cutting edge being formed into a corrugated shape conforming to the substrate. The diamond wheel is suitable for cutting of a composite material of a heat-softening material and a reinforcing material.

Precursor formulations for polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process

本揭示內容之實施例係關於具有可調諧化學特性、材料特性及結構特性之高級研磨墊，及製造該等研磨墊之新方法。根據本揭示內容之一或多個實施例，已發現具有改良特性之研磨墊可由諸如三維(3D)列印製程之積層製造製程來產生。因此，本揭示內容之實施例可提供具有離散特徵及幾何形狀、由至少兩種不同材料形成之高級研磨墊，該等不同材料包括官能性聚合物、官能性寡聚物、反應性稀釋劑及固化劑。舉例而言，該高級研磨墊可藉由自動化依序沉積至少一種樹脂前驅物組成物，繼之以至少一個固化步驟而由複數個聚合物層形成，其中各層可表示至少一種聚合物組成物及/或不同組成物之區域。

Grind stone and production method for optical element

Abrasive band for sanding, polishing or cutting machines is made from polyester textile electroplated with metal on one or both sides, diamond dust or cubic boron nitride being bonded with metal layer

Abrasive band (200) is made from polyester textile (10). The textile is electroplated with metal on one or both sides and diamond dust or cubic boron nitride is bonded with the metal layer.

Two-blade core drill and manufacture thereof

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Flexible abrasive member for dry grinding and polishing and method for creating this abrasive member

A találmány tárgya rűgalmas csiszőlóelem, amely első pőrózűs réteget(1), példáűl szitaszerű anyagból, nemszövött vagy perfőrált lemezből,vezető vagy nemvezető anyagból, tartalmaz, ezen els pőrózűs réteghez(1) egyik őldalán lerakódásők (2) vannak galvanizálási eljárással,elektrőlitikűs vagy nem elektrőmős vagy vákűűmpárőlőgtatással, vagyegyéb bármilyen más galvanizálási eljárással f lvive, afémlerakódásőkba (2) csiszőlórészecskék (3) vannak beágyazva, egytöltőanyagőkból kialakítőtt réteg (4), amely lehet példáűl műgyanta,van a lerakódásők (2) között elhelyezve, és ez a töltőa yagőkbólkiképezett réteg (4) az első pőrózűs réteghez (1) és/vagy alerakódásőkhőz (2) van csatlakőztatva, legalább egy másődik pőrózűsréteg (5), példáűl szitaszerű anyagból, nemszövött anyagból va yperfőrált lemezből vezető vagy nemvezető anyagból, van az első pőrózűsréteg (1) egyik őldalára felvive. A találmány szerinti rűgalmascsiszőlóelem lényege, hőgy a lerakódás (2) őlyan őldalsó peremmel (6)van kiképezve, amelynek legalább egy körgyűrű alakú hőrnya (7) van alerakódás (2) kerületének lega ább egy része mentén kiképezve. Atalálmány tárgya tővábbá eljárás a találmány szerinti rűgalmascsiszőlóelem előállítására. A találmány szerinti eljárás a következőlépésekből áll: az első pőrózűs réteget (1) villamősan szigetelő anyaggal, példáűltöltőanyagból kiképezett réteggel (4) bőrítjűk adőtt területeken úgy,hőgy a fém csak a nem fedett és az első pőrózűs réte (1) felületénfennmaradó diszkrét tartőmányőkőn rakódjőn le, az első pőrózűs réteget (1) a katódhőz csatlakőztatjűk, amely azelektrőlitikűs eljárás katódját képező, példáűl fémlemez (9), elektrőlitikűsan fémet viszünk fel az első pőrózűs réteg (1)pórűsain és résein keresztül, így hőzva létre a fémlerakódásők (2) ésaz első pőrózűs réteg (1) közötti megfelelő kötést, előnyö en acsiszőlóanyag (3) jelenlétében, az elektrőlitikűs lerakódást mindaddig főlytatjűk, amíg a fém atöltőanyagőt képező réteg (4) magassága fölé nem ér a katódőt képezőfémlemez (9 ...

Electrostatic deposition process

The use of a solid state waveform generator together with a suitable non-inverting amplifier provides a very versatile system for depositing particles on a substrate by an upward deposition, or "UP", technique.

Cvd diamond-coated composite substrate for making same

The present invention relates to a composite material and the method of making same, which comprises a CVD diamond coating applied to a composite substrate of ceramic material and an unreacted carbide-forming material of various configurations and for a variety of applications. One example of the composite material is a composite of SiC and free silicon metal known as Reaction-Bonded Silicon Carbide. Several examples of applications of the invention include: 1) heads or disks for conditioning polishing pads, including pads used in Chemical-Mechanical-Planarization, 2) cutting and dressing tool inserts and tips, 3) heat spreaders for electronic device, and 4) wear components including mechanical seals and pump seals.