КВАНТОВЫЕ ТОЧКИ СУЛЬФИДА СЕРЕБРА, ИЗЛУЧАЮЩИЕ В БЛИЖНЕЙ ИНФРАКРАСНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ СПЕКТРА, СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В БИОЛОГИИ

Изобретение относится к квантовым точкам сульфида серебра, излучающим в ближней инфракрасной области спектра, и их применению в биологии. Квантовые точки сульфида серебра содержат присоединенные к поверхности гидрофильные группы из меркаптосодержащего гидрофильного реагента. Гидрофильный реагент выбран из меркаптоуксусной кислоты, меркаптопропионовой кислоты, цистеина, цистеамина, тиоктовой кислоты и меркаптоацетата аммония или любых их комбинаций. Способ получения указанных квантовых точек включает реакцию гидрофобных квантовых точек сульфида серебра со стехиометрическим или избыточным количеством меркаптосодержащего гидрофильного реагента в полярном органическом растворителе. Квантовые точки сульфида серебра имеют высокий выход флуоресценции, хорошую стабильность флуоресценции, хорошую биосовместимость, единообразные размеры и могут быть использованы для визуализации клеток и для визуализации биологических тканей. 3 н. и 4 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил., 6 пр.

Способ получения терагерцовых нанокристаллических световодов системы AgBr-AgI

Изобретение может быть использовано при изготовлении каналов доставки и регистрации терагерцового излучения в системах тепловидения, военной технике, космических технологиях, аналитике, медицине, биотехнологии, фармацевтике, терагерцовой оптоэлектронике и фотонике. Предварительно определяют компьютерным моделированием по методу конечных элементов параметры экструзии - температуру, давление плунжера на заготовку и скорость его движения. Затем готовят монокристаллические заготовки на основе твердых растворов бромида - йодида серебра при следующем соотношении ингредиентов, мас. %: бромид серебра – 70-96; йодид серебра – 30-4 и нагревают их при 175-185 °С и давлении 700 - 900 МПа для перемещения через фильеру со скоростью 0,2-0,3 мм/мин. Полученные методом экструзии терагерцовые нанокристаллические световоды системы AgBr–AgI имеют нанокристаллическую структуру, являются фото- и радиационностойкими, нетоксичными, негигроскопичными и высокопрозрачными в терагерцовом диапазоне от 11 до 30 ТГц, ...

НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ СУЛЬФИДА СЕРЕБРА В ЛИГАНДНОЙ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБОЛОЧКЕ И СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение может быть использовано в медицине, фотонике, гетерогенном катализе. Наночастицы сульфида серебра имеют лигандную оболочку, состоящую из цитратных групп. Толщина оболочки от 1 до 10 нм. Способ получения указанных наночастиц сульфида серебра включает получение исходного раствора нитрата серебра и сульфида натрия при их соотношении (0,5-3,5):(0,9-1,1). К исходному раствору добавляют 0,01-10 % раствор цитрата натрия в количестве 1-50 % от общего объема. Затем проводят выдержку в течение от 0,1 до 50 часов при температуре 20-35°С. Изобретение позволяет получить в одну стадию полупроводниковые изолированные наночастицы сульфида серебра типа ядро-оболочка с использованием только безвредных и экологически чистых веществ. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 6 пр.

Способ получения композиционного материала биотехнологического назначения

Предложен способ получения композиционного материала биотехнологического назначения, обладающего антимикробным действием, включающий синтез композиционного материала, состоящий из смешения наночастиц серебра с нулевой валентностью и стабилизатора наночастиц, поддержания температуры и воздействия ультразвуком, осаждение композиционного материала, фильтрование, промывку осадка и сушку. В качестве стабилизатора наночастиц используют оксид графена «Таунит» в виде водной суспензии, а синтез композиционного материала осуществляют смешением водной суспензии оксида графена «Таунит» с водной суспензией наночастиц серебра с нулевой валентностью, в качестве которой используют концентрат коллоидного серебра КНД-С-К 1% (10000 мг/дм), в количестве от 0,3 до 1,5 объемов на 1 объем водной суспензии оксида графена «Таунит» при температуре 20-40°С и воздействии ультразвуком в течение 30 мин. Технический результат – упрощение технологии, снижение затрат на изготовление композиционного материала и повышение ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ КОЛЛОИДНОГО РАСТВОРА СЕРЕБРА

Способ изготовления коллоидного раствора серебра, включающий электроразряды в жидкой среде и определение концентрации раствора серебра, отличающийся тем, что электроразряды в жидкой среде проводят в форме затухающих разрядных импульсов длительностью 1-2 мкс с частотой 0,2-0,5 кгц до достижения показателем экстинции раствора значения не менее 0,75 мв спектральном интервале с длиной волны 195-205 нм.

Способ получения высококонцентрированного органозоля наночастиц серебра

Изобретение может быть использовано при производстве оптических устройств, химических и биологических сенсоров, катализаторов, антибактериальных материалов, чернил для 2D- и 3D-печати, электропроводящих и теплопроводящих материалов, плазменных и жидкокристаллических дисплеев, солнечных элементов. Способ получения высококонцентрированного органозоля наночастиц серебра включает восстановление водного раствора нитрата серебра. Концентрация нитрата серебра в исходном растворе составляет 0,6 М. В качестве восстановителя используют смесь растворов сульфата железа (II) и трехзамещенного цитрата натрия. К раствору FeSO4 поочередно добавляют растворы цитрата натрия и нитрата серебра до достижения молярного отношения 1:1:(1,5÷3,2). Полученный осадок отделяют путем центрифугирования и промывают раствором трехзамещенного цитрата натрия, снова центрифугируют, операцию повторяют 3-4 раза. Коагулят наночастиц пептизируют в дистиллированной воде с образованием гидрозолей наночастиц серебра. Экстракцию ...

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ИОННЫХ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ В КОМПОЗИЦИЯХ ДЛЯ ГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЯ КИСЛОРОДА

Способ извлечения из водных растворов цветных и/или бллагородных металлов

Изобретение относится к способам выделения цветных металлов из водных растворов, содержащих растворенные соединения этих металлов. Цель изобретения - упрощение процесса . Способ предусматривает извлечение цветных металлов из водных растворов. Раствор пропускают через колонну, содержащую слой активированного угля с размерами зерен 0,0.1-8 мм и слой красного фосфора с размерами зерен 0,01-10 мм или смесь красного фосфора с. активированным углем при содержании его в смеси 15,7 - 98 мас,%. Активированный уголь располагают нижним слоем. Красный (.фосфор активируют гипохлоритом натрия. 1 з.п. ф-лы. СО оо о со :о ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silbernitratgranalien

ÜBERKRITISCHE MIZELLENTRENNUNG IN DER FLÜSSIG-UMKEHRPHASE.

VERFAHREN ZUR BILDUNG VON METALLSALZEN, PHOTOGRAPHISCHE MATERIALIEN UND DEREN VERWENDUNG ZUR HERSTELLUNG PHOTOGRAPHISCHER BILDER

Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung von Metallen, insbesondere von Silber, aus Abwaessern

EXTRACTION OF SILVER AND PALLADIUM METALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING TERTIARY PHOSPHINE SULFIDES

Improvements in or relating to the recovery of gold and silver from aqueous cyanide liquors and to anion exchange resins therefor

Gold and/or silver values are recovered from a gold and/or silver bearing aqueous cyanide liquor by treatment with one or more anion-exchange mixed base resins containing base groups of the type -CH2NRR0, where R and R0 are each an alkyl group which may be the same or different having at least 3 carbon atoms, such alkyl groups being branched or unbranched, the branch not being in the one or two carbon position of the groups, and from 1 to 35% of quaternary groups of the type -CH2NR1R2R3, where R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl groups which may be the same or different and which contain either two or three carbon atoms, and then eluting the gold and/or silver values from the resin, preferably by means of an aqueous or polar organic solvent solution of an alkali metal or ammonium thiocyanate. The anion-exchange resins may be based upon a cross-linked polystyrene e.g. a polystyrene obtained by using 1% to 5% of divinyl benzene or other cross-linking agent. Such a resin may be converted into an anion-exchange ...

Improvements in and relating to chemical reactions involving the evolution of fumes of oxides or nitrogen

A process and apparatus for disposing of the fumes of higher oxides of nitrogen as disclosed in the parent Specification, comprises the use, instead of a column of granular or nodular material of a column consisting o fragmentary or scrap material, or any known inert filler-or tower packing-material which presents large surface areas for obtaining intimate contact between the gases and liquid, e.g. solid or hollow bodies such as small cylinders of stoneware or porcelain, or glass or metal helices.

PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY

EXTRACTION OF METALS

RECOVERY OF PRECIOUS METALS

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PURE METAL HALIDES

... 1325825 Crystallization from a melt CIBAGEIGY AG 19 April 1971 [6 April 1970] 26208/71 Heading BIS [Also in Division C1] Metal halides, in mono or polycrystalline form, are produced by heating a metal rod at a temp. below it's melting point but above the melting point of the halide, in an atmosphere of halogen at a vapour pressure of 1-500 Torr and allowing the molten halide formed to drip onto a plate, which may be rotating, and which is at a temperature below the melting point of the halide; the reaction being carried out in a closed vessel. Zone melted Ag rods may be employed to give AgCI, AgBr, or polycrystalline Agl. Other metals listed in the Examples are Cu, Gd, Nd, Tb, Ds, Ho, and Er, and a suitable apparatus is described.

AGENT AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING NOBLE METALS FROM THIOUREA COMPLEXES THEREOF

Metal dissolution with nitric acid

A fast and efficient industrial scale process for producing metal nitrate solutions by metal dissolution using nitric acid which overcomes NO gas treatment requirements by reacting the NO gaseous by-products with oxygen within the reaction vessel. The method is particularly useful for copper, silver, indium and thallium nitrate production. The process comprises provision of the said metal in solid particulate form, provision of nitric acid in aqueous solution, reaction of the metal with the nitric acid in a reaction medium having a headspace containing oxygen, where the metal particles are agitated in the nitric acid by means of an impeller to produce a turbulent admixture of the nitric acid with the headspace containing oxygen, the headspace being maintained above atmospheric pressure, and being replenished with gaseous oxygen to maintain a headspace oxygen concentration of 21% or greater by volume, the temperature being maintained in the range 20 deg C to the boiling point of the nitric ...

Noble metal extraction

Extraction of noble metals, for example from their ores, using acidic solutions of cyclic thiourea derivatives, e.g., ethylenethiourea, at concentrations for example, of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight.

Metal dissolution with nitric acid

Process for uninterruptedly carrying out the precipitation of heavy metallic azides

... Lead, silver and other azides; lead picrate and trinitro-resocinate.--A process for the continuous production of crystalline heavy metal azides comprises mixing equivalent quantities of solutions of sodium azide and a heavy metal salt such as lead acetate, agitating to start precipitation, passing the solution over obstructions, intermittently discharging part of the mother lye with the crystals and, in the intervals, discharging excessive mother lye only. The reagents, supplied in equivalent quantities by pipes 1, 2, are mixed by a mixer 4, the outlet 6 being of such size that the liquid remains in the chamber 3 for a considerable time. The crystals increase in size as they descend, obstructions 7, and floors 8 being arranged to regulate the time of passage. Excess of mother lye is discharged by a tubular siphon 12, while the azide crystals and part of the mother lye are intermittently discharged through a pipe 11. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect ...

AN ELECTRODE FOR MEASURING THE SILVER ION CONTENT OF A LIQUID

... 1,263,680. Electro-chemical analysis. GAF CORP. Jan.21, 1969 [Jan.22, 1968], No.35813/71. Heading G1N. The invention relates to the construction of an electrode suitable for measuring the silver content of e. g. a photo-sensitive silver-halide emulsion, and comprises a solid silver electrode 198 attached to an inert e. g. platinum wire 200 mounted in an insulating tube 190. A lead 204 passing through a tube 192 is soldered to the platinum wire, after which the two tube sections 190, 192 are screwed together and filled with insulating cement.

Improvements in or relating to the recovery of silver from waste hyposulphitic liquids

... 527,116. Precipitating silver. MUHLETHALER SOC. ANON., T. March 31, 1939, No. 10157. Convention date, April 15, 1938. [Class 82 (i)] Spent hyposulphite solutions are treated for the recovery of silver in metallic form by bring- ing them into contact with one or more metals such as iron, steel, or copper in the form of an elastic mass made up of entangled filiform elements such as fine or coarse metal wool. The liquid may be caused to flow through the mass at regulated speed, and the silver may be recovered from the mass by melting.

Improvements in or relating to the recovery of gold and silver from cyanide solutions

Gold and/or silver adsorbed on an anion exchange substance as the corresponding cyanide are eluted by means of an organic solvent, such as methanol, ethanol or ethyl acetate, containing a minor proportion of an inorganic acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, and the resulting solution is distilled to remove substantially all the solvent, the precipitated gold and/or silver being separated from the residual acid e.g. by filtering through a filter press or candle filter. Distillation is preferably carried out in such manner that the temperature at a point a short distance below that at which condensation commences in the condenser is approximately 1 DEG C. above the boiling point of the solvent until distillation is substantially complete. The operation may be carried on continuously or semi-continuously, the solution being pumped to a constant head tank from which is flows to the distillation vessel under gravity or under pressure. Specification 727,582 [Group III] is referred to.

PROCESS FOR THE EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

... 1481769 Alkylthioether carboxylic acids AKZO NV 7 Oct 1975 [11 Oet 1974] 41062/75 Heading C2C [Also in Division Cl ] Alkyl thioether carboxylic acids used in extracting metal ions from aqueous solutions (see Division Cl) have 8 to 24C atoms with the general formula where R represents a hydrocarbon group 1 with to 16C atoms, X and Y individually represent a H atom or a hydrocarbon group with 1 to 16C atoms, and n=0 or 1, and when n=1, X may also represent a carboxyl group. Suitable acids for which preparative details are given are the S(-nonyl)-mercapto acetic acids and S(-diisobutyl)mercapto acetic acids S(-phenyl ethyl)mercapto acetic acids and S(-n-dodecyl)mercapto succinic acid S(-tri-isobutyl)mercapto #-propionic acids and Kerosene solutions of the acids C 7 H 15 SCH 2 COOH; CH 3 SCH(C 8 H 17 )COOH and are also described ...

Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing materials

Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal-containing minerals

Method for thiosulfate leaching of precious metal.containing materials

Method for thiosulfate leaching os precious metal-containing minerals

Process for the bismuth and money and/or gold recovery of possibly contained in sulphuretted ores and/or sulfoarséniures.

Process of non-ferrous metal extraction.

COUNTER CURRENT MIXTURE REACTOR AND ON IT REFERRED PROCESS

HERSTELLUNG GLEICHFÖRMIGER NANOPARTIKEL AUS ULTRAHOCHREINEN METALLOXIDEN, MISCHMETALLOXIDEN, METALLEN UND METALLLEGIERUNGEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SILVER II-OXIDE FUR GALVANIC ELEMENTS

SUPERCRITICAL ONE MIZELLENTRENNUNG IN THE LIQUID REVERSAL PHASE.

PROCEDURE FOR RECOVERING THE SILVER FROM SULFATE SOLUTIONS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEPARATION OF METALS FROM WAESSRIGEN SOLUTIONS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PARTICLES WITH A DEFINED SIZE IN A REAKTIONSBEHÄLTER

Procedure for the production of powder silver

Deodorizing/antibacterial/antifungal agent, method of preparation thereof, and member having deodorizing/antibacterial/antifungal agent on surface

A deodorizing/antibacterial/antifungal agent containing two kinds of fine particles, (i) titanium oxide fine particles and (ii) alloy fine particles containing an 5 antibacterial/antifungal metal, gives a thin film of high transparency which has deodorizing properties and also exhibits antibacterial/antifungal properties.

Antibacterial agent comprising silver-containing aluminum sulfate hydroxide particle and use thereof

Process for preparing metal hydroxides, hydroxyl organometals and white carbon suitable for use in Ayurvedic medicine

A process is described for preparing metal hydroxides, hydroxyl organometals an white carbon. The purity and biocompatibility of the thus obtained substances is such that they can be used for several applications, while being particularly suitable for use in Ayurvedic medicine. Specifically, this process involves an initial step of electrolysis followed by at leas five cycles of microwave irradiation with increasing intensity. Preferably, the process also includes a step of recovering the gases that are released in order to increase the yield of the final product.

Processes for recovering rare earth elements from aluminum-bearing materials

The present disclosure relates to processes for recovering rare earth elements from an aluminum-bearing material. The processes can comprise leaching the aluminum-bearing material with an acid so as to obtain a leachate comprising at least one aluminum ion, at least one iron ion, at least one rare earth element, and a solid, and separating the leachate from the solid. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing at least one of the at least one aluminum ion and the at least one iron ion from the leachate and optionally obtaining a precipitate. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing the at least one rare earth element from the leachate and/or the precipitate.

Processes for recovering rare earth elements from aluminum-bearing materials

The present disclosure relates to processes for recovering rare earth elements from an aluminum-bearing material. The processes can comprise leaching the aluminum-bearing material with an acid so as to obtain a leachate comprising at least one aluminum ion, at least one iron ion, at least one rare earth element, and a solid, and separating the leachate from the solid. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing at least one of the at least one aluminum ion and the at least one iron ion from the leachate and optionally obtaining a precipitate. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing the at least one rare earth element from the leachate and/or the precipitate.

EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS

Raman quantification method of cancer-related substance

... [Problem] To provide a Raman quantification method for measuring cancer cell-derived free DNA. [Solution] This Raman quantification method is characterized by involving a step for preparing a biochip having a mesocrystal region of a silver oxide containing peroxide silver, adding blood serum or biological sample solution dropwise onto the mesocrystal region of said biochip, selectively adsorbing the cancer-related substance having a positive charge in the sample, irradiating the adsorbed cancer-related substance with a laser and detecting Raman scattering therefrom, wherein the cancer illness is determined on the basis of the intensity of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In the carbon-specific D band and G band in the Raman scattering spectrum, a characteristic peak spectrum of the cancer-related substance can be detected in the proximity of the methyl group-characteristic 2900cm ...

Method for processing ash, particularly fly ash

Method for processing ash, particularly fly ash, in which method several elements are separated from the ash. In the method both noble metals and rare earth elements are separated.

Method for recovery of silver from sulphur-containing zinc leach residues

The invention relates to a method of recovering silver and a method of controlling a leaching process for recovering silver from a direct zinc leach residue, an apparatus for recovering silver from a direct zinc leach residue, a control system for implementing the control method, and a computer program. The method comprising the steps of: 1) a silver leaching step, wherein the direct zinc leach residue is subjected to oxidative chloride leaching, having the following conditions: 1) chloride concentration of the leach solution in the range of 25-70 g/l ii) pH of the leach solution in the range 1.6 - 2.6 iii) redox potential of less than 460 mV (Pt vs. Ag/AgCI) 2) a silver recovery step, wherein silver is recovered from the silver containing leach solution.

A composition for enhanced biocidal activity and water purification device based on the same

A composition for the purification of water and the device using the composition has been described. The composition comprises a transition metal ion M ...

SILVER RECOVERY OR REFINING

Process for the recovery of precious metal values from aqueous ammoniacal thiosulfate leach solutions

METHOD OF MAKING A METAL SALT PRECIPITATE

MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SUPERCONDUCTING CERAMICS

CERTAIN SULFONAMIDOQUINOLINES, METAL COMPLEXES THEREOF, AND SOLUTIONS CONTAINING SUCH SULFONAMIDOQUINOLINES AND METAL COMPLEXES

PROCESS FOR PRECIPITATING PRECIOUS METALS FROM SOLUTIONS WHICH CONTAIN THEM

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AGO CATHODE MATERIAL

An oxidic silver cathode is disclosed which contains the reaction product of divalent silver oxide and lead sulfide which are reacted together under mixing conditions in the presence of warm aqueous alkali, for example, at a temperature in excess of about 40.degree.C. The solid reaction product contains AgO, Ag5Pb2O6, Ag2PbO2 and Ag2O.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING METAL SALTS, PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS AND THEIR USE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES

Metal salts which are sparingly soluble, in particular silver halides, are prepared by mixing at least one solution A which contains at least one cation of the metal salt, with at least one solution B which contains at least one anion of the metal salt, by running at least one of these solutions into a reaction vessel where solutions A and B are mixed, characterised in that this solution is run in for at least part of the precipitation process in such a way that the concentration of the inflowing solution continuously changes. The invention provides for a short precipitation time and makes it possible to work in concentrated solutions.

TURBULENT NUCLEATE-GRAINED SILVER-HALIDE-REACTANTS MIXING METHOD

PRECIPITATION OF SILVER HALIDES

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF GROUP 1-B METAL HALIDES FROM BIMETALLIC SALT COMPLEXES

Group I-B metal halides are recovered from bimetallic salt complexes having the generic formula MIMIIXn?Aromatic wherein MI is a Group I-B metal, MII is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of MI and MII, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 12 carbon atoms by contacting a solution of the bimetallic salt complex in an aromatic hydrocarbon with anhydrous ammonia. The Group I-B metal halide, which precipitates quantitatively from the solution, is readily separated from the NH3:MII halide complex which remains in solution. This process can be used, for example, to recover anhydrous cuprous chloride from the cuprous aluminum tetrachloride toluene complex.

PROCESS FOR OXIDIZING METAL SULFIDES TO ELEMENTAL SULFUR USING ACTIVATED CARBON

Accelerated reaction rates and improved yields are accomplished when sulfides of metals of groups Ib, IIb, IVa, Va and VIII of the Periodic Table are oxidized in aqueous medium to convert the sulfide sulfur to elemental sulfur by performing the reaction in the presence of activated carbon.

CHLORINATION OF COPPER, LEAD, ZINC, IRON, SILVER AND GOLD

CHLORIDES OF LEAD, ZINC, COPPER, SILVER AND GOLD

RECOVERY OF PRECIOUS METAL VALUES FROM AQUEOUS AMMONIACAL THIOSULFATE LEACH SOLUTIONS

The process of recovering precious metals from ores containing precious metals, such as gold and silver, from an aqueous ammoniacal thiosulfate leach solution to provide a significant practical and economical process for the recovery of gold or silver. After leaching of the ore with an aqueous ammoniacal thiosulfate solution, the leach solution is contacted with a precious metal extraction reagent to extract the precious metal values from the leach solution, after which the precious metal values are stripped from the extraction reagent to form a concentrated solution of the precious metal values from which the precious metals may be recovered by conventional methods such as electrolysis. The extraction reagents are those having guanidyl functionality or a quaternary amine functionality mixed with a weak organic acid such as a phenol. In the process, novel thiosulfate complexes of the precious metals are formed with the guanidyl or the quaternary amine extractants.

DISTILLATION PROCESS FOR SEPARATING SILVER AND COPPER CHLORIDES

METHOD OF PRODUCING METAL-CONTAINING PARTICLES

COUNTER CURRENT MIXING REACTOR

A mixing reactor for mixing efficiently streams of fluids of differing densities. In a preferred embodiment, one of the fluids is supercritical water, and the other is an aqueous salt solution. Thus, the reactor enables the production of metal oxide nanoparticles as a continuous process, without any risk of the reactor blocking due to the inefficient mixing inherent in existing reactor designs.

HYDROMETALLURGICAL METHOD FOR SILVER RECOVERY

A process for recovering silver from silver-bearing gold concentrate or other silver-bearing material. The process comprises: (i) optionally regrinding the input silver-bearing material; (ii) optionally treating the reground gold concentrate with sulfuric or other aqueous acid in an acidulation step; (iii) adding oxygen, water and/or acid to the acidulated concentrate slurry and reacting them together in an autoclave at an elevated pressure and temperature in a pressure oxidation step; (iv) processing the oxidized concentrate slurry in a post pressure oxidation conditioning step; (v) applying a first solid/liquid separation and wash step, comprising at least one of a thickening step, a counter current decantation (CCD) wash step, and a filter and wash step, to form a first washed slurry/solid and first acid-containing solutions; (vi) reacting the first washed slurry/solid with sulfur dioxide (and optionally sulfuric acid and/or water) in a reductive leach step; (vii) applying a second solid ...

A PROCESS FOR CHLORINATING RESOURCES CONTAINING RECOVERABLE METALS

A process for chlorinating ore, slag, mill scale, scrap, dust and other resources containing recoverable metals from the groups 4-6, 8-12, and 14 in the periodic table. The process comprises: a) forming a liquid fused salt melt consisting essentially of aluminum chloride and at least one other metal chloride selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides, wherein the aluminum chloride content in the liquid salt melt exceeds 10 % by weight; b) introducing the recoverable metal resources into said liquid salt melt: c) reacting the aluminum chloride as chlorine donor with said recoverable metal resource to form metal chlorides, which are dissolved in the salt melt; and d) recovering the formed metal chlorides from the salt melt.

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Oxydationskatalysators für Kohlenoxyd.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silberpulver

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Metall-Lösung

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung der Oberfläche von Körpern

Verfahren zum Stabilisieren von Silberchloridkristallen gegen die Einwirkung von Sonnenstrahlung und mechanischen Kräften

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Metall-Lösung

Procédé de préparation de l'oxyde d'argent Ag2O2

Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer Iminokohlensäureester- Derivate

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG REINER METALLHALOGENIDE.

Verfahren zum Herstellen von gegen Einwirkung von Licht- und UV-Strahlung geschütztem Silberhalogenid

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer ionenleitenden Verbindung

Procédé de préparation d'un précipité d'halogénure d'argent

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG NEUER IMINOKOHLENSAEUREESTERDERIVATE.

BIVALENT SILBEROXID FOR ELECTRICAL PRIMARY BATTERIES AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING THE BIVALENT SILBEROXIDS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYCRYSTALLINE METAL BETA ALUMINA.

ORBITALLY BESIEGING, MONOATOMIC ELEMENTS, PROCEDURES FOR YOUR PRODUCTION AND YOUR SUBSEQUENT TREATMENT.

Prepn. of bactericidal, fungicidal or viricidal silver based prod. - by reacting silver mon:oxide or its oxide mixt. with silver carbonate, used for sterilising swimming pool or potable water etc.

Prepn. comprises reacting silver monoxide alone or in combination with another oxide, or a silver carbonate, with an alkaline hydrogen sulphate to give a reaction prod. comprising silver sulphate alkali metal double salt which dissociates in water. USE - The prod. may be useful for disinfection of drinking water, admin. to feed, for preparing ice for beverages and for refrigerating fish. It may also be used for treating the water of swimming pools, for preparing cosmetics and for hygienic or prephylactic use in humans and animals ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГИДРОКСИДОВ МЕТАЛЛОВ, МЕТАЛЛООРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ГИДРОКСИЛСОДЕРЖАЩИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ И БЕЛОЙ САЖИ, ПРИГОДНЫЙ ДЛЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В АЮРВЕДИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЕ

Предложен способ получения гидроксидов металлов, металлоорганических гидроксилсодержащих соединений и белой сажи. Чистота и биосовместимость веществ, полученных таким образом, таковы, что они могут использоваться для различных применений, будучи особенно пригодны для использования в аюрведической медицине. Конкретно, этот способ включает начальную стадию электролиза, за которой следует по меньшей мере пять циклов микроволнового облучения возрастающей интенсивности. Предпочтительно способ дополнительно включает стадию регенерации выделяющихся газов, чтобы увеличить выход конечного продукта.

Способ получения наночастиц системы металл-кислород с заданным составом электронно-лучевым испарением и конденсацией в вакууме

Способ синтеза новых наноматериалов - наночастиц системы металл-кислород электронно-лучевым испарением и конденсацией в вакууме, включающий одновременный нагрев и испарение в вакуумной камере твердого исходного материала - металлов и их сплавов, и твердого материала носителя - хлоридов натрия, калия, кальция, магния, оксида бора, метабората натрия и их смесей, из, по крайней мере, двух отдельных емкостей, смешивание паровых потоков исходного материала и носителя, осаждение в зоне конденсации смешанного парового потока на подложку с фиксированием наночастиц исходного материала на подложке материалом твердеющего носителя, и образованием конденсата наночастиц в носителе. При этом задают и поддерживают температуру подложки в интервале формирования микро- и наноразмерной пористой структуры материала носителя менее 0,5 его температуры плавления, и в результате получают в микро-и наноразмерной пористой структуре материала носителя конденсат наночастиц, имеющих открытую поверхность, осуществляют ...

电池用氧化银制造工艺

... 在搅拌下向硝酸银水溶液(银＝100g/L)中添加等当量的碳酸钠水溶液，通过添加硝酸和氢氧化钠把pH值调节为5.5-6.5，形成碳酸银析出物，随后对析出物进行清洗、在250℃以下干燥，生成氧化银粉末。该粉末满足电池使用中的性能，例如高的水吸收性，良好的颗粒形状，高强度，对成型凸模无粘附，高流动性和低的碳残余量。粉末的压片具有高的电池容量。 ...

Recovery of gold and/or silver from waste

Device to vaporize money and its compounds

REMOVAL OF DISSOLVED PRODUCTS FROM A PRECIPITATE

ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ЛИНИЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПЛАТИНОХЛОРИСТОВОДОРОДНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

1. Технологическая линия производства платинохлористоводородной кислоты из концентратов платины, полученных в результате переработки материалов, содержащих платину, отличающаяся тем, что содержит установленные по ходу технологического процесса и связанные между собой транспортными трубопроводами, по крайней мере, один реактор предварительного растворения, один нутч-фильтр для фильтрации шлама, один вакуум-сборник, один реактор осаждения, один нутч-фильтр для фильтрации концентрата, один вакуум-сборник, один реактор растворения концентрата, нутч-фильтр для фильтрации всех последующих концентратов, один вакуум-сборник, фильтр тонкой очистки. 2. Линия по п. 1 отличается тем, что фильтрат из реактора очистки, с содержанием примесей не более 30 г/л, используется на стадии разбавления алюминатной пульпы при переработке дезактивированных катализаторов. (19) RU (11) 18 703 (13) U1 (51) МПК C01G 55/00 (2000.01) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВУ (21), (22) Заявка: 99126290/20, 21.12.1999 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 21.12.1999 (46) Опубликовано: 10.07.2001 (72) Автор(ы): Карельский В.В., Шрагина Г.М., Минаев М.С., Сыров И.В., Кадеева Н.Л. 1 8 7 0 3 R U (57) Формула полезной модели 1. Технологическая линия производства платинохлористоводородной кислоты из концентратов платины, полученных в результате переработки материалов, содержащих платину, отличающаяся тем, что содержит установленные по ходу технологического процесса и связанные между собой транспортными трубопроводами, по крайней мере, один реактор предварительного растворения, один нутч-фильтр для фильтрации шлама, один вакуум-сборник, один реактор осаждения, один нутч-фильтр для фильтрации концентрата, один вакуум-сборник, один реактор растворения концентрата, нутч-фильтр для фильтрации всех последующих концентратов, один вакуум-сборник, фильтр тонкой очистки. 2. Линия по п. 1 отличается тем, что фильтрат из реактора очистки, с ...

ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНЫЙ ПУЛЬСАЦИОННЫЙ КОЛОННЫЙ РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ И ФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В ЖИДКИХ СРЕДАХ

1. Горизонтальный пульсационный колонный реактор для осуществления физических и химических процессов в жидких средах, содержащий корпус, выполненный в виде горизонтальной трубы, снабженный штуцерами ввода реагентов и их вывода через гидрозатвор со штуцером сдувки, обеспечивающий заполнение реактора реагентами до рабочего уровня, отличающийся тем, что корпус реактора выполнен полым и снабжен размещенными по длине реактора вертикальными сосудами, площадь сечения каждого из которых не более площади сечения корпуса реактора, вертикальные сосуды в верхней части снабжены штуцерами для присоединения к пульсационной системе, а в нижней части тангенциально присоединены к корпусу реактора патрубками, диаметром не более половины диаметра корпуса реактора, причем перед присоединением патрубки имеют прямой участок - сопло, длина которого не менее его диаметра. 2. Горизонтальный пульсационный реактор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что вертикальные сосуды размещены по обе стороны корпуса реактора, а направления тангенциального подвода сопел к корпусу реактора выполнены по часовой и/или против часовой стрелки. 3. Горизонтальный пульсационный реактор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что направление тангенциального подвода сопел к корпусу реактора выполнено с чередованием по часовой и против часовой стрелки. 4. Горизонтальный пульсационный реактор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что гидрозатвор выполнен в виде присоединенной к корпусу реактора на его конце вертикальной трубы, снабженной в верхней части штуцерами вывода реагентов и сдувки. 5. Горизонтальный пульсационный реактор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что внутри корпуса коаксиально расположена труба, полость которой изолирована от полости корпуса. 6. Горизонтальный пульсационный реактор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что сопла расположены таким образом, что проекции их оси на горизонтальную плоскость образуют с осью корпуса угол 90°±α, причем α меньше или равен 45°, а расстояние между осями соседних по длине реактора сопел в месте их присоединения к ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ, ОБЛАДАЮЩИХ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СПОСОБНОСТЬЮ К ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ АМАЛЬГАМ

Устройство для разделения радиоактивных элементов, обладающих различной способностью к образованию амальгам, характеризующееся тем, что оно имеет электролизную, разделительную и регенерационные ячейки, расположенные одна под другой, причем регенерационная ячейка содержит цилиндрический корпус, барабан, плотно посаженный в корпус, на наружной поверхности которого выполнена многоходовая спиральная канавка с прорезями, патрубок в нижней части корпуса для подачи регенерирующей жидкости. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 77 604 (13) U1 (51) МПК C01G 56/00 (2006.01) C01F 17/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2008130164/22 , 21.07.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 21.07.2008 (45) Опубликовано: 27.10.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Научно-исследовательский институт атомных реакторов" (RU) U 1 7 7 6 0 4 R U Ñòðàíèöà: 1 U 1 Формула полезной модели Устройство для разделения радиоактивных элементов, обладающих различной способностью к образованию амальгам, характеризующееся тем, что оно имеет электролизную, разделительную и регенерационные ячейки, расположенные одна под другой, причем регенерационная ячейка содержит цилиндрический корпус, барабан, плотно посаженный в корпус, на наружной поверхности которого выполнена многоходовая спиральная канавка с прорезями, патрубок в нижней части корпуса для подачи регенерирующей жидкости. 7 7 6 0 4 (54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ, ОБЛАДАЮЩИХ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СПОСОБНОСТЬЮ К ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ АМАЛЬГАМ R U Адрес для переписки: 433510, Ульяновская обл., г. Димитровград, ФГУП "ГНЦ РФ НИИАР" (72) Автор(ы): Андреев Валентин Петрович (RU), Лебедев Владимир Михайлович (RU) U 1 U 1 7 7 6 0 4 7 7 6 0 4 R U R U Ñòðàíèöà: 2 RU 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 77 604 U1 Полезная модель относится к устройствам ...

Positive electrode active material, nonaqueous electrolyte battery and method for manufacturing positive electrode active material

A positive electrode active material includes: a secondary particle obtained upon aggregation of a primary particle that is a lithium complex oxide particle in which at least nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are solid-solved as transition metals, wherein an average composition of the whole of the secondary particle is represented by the following formula (1): Li x Co y Ni z M 1-y-z O b-a X a   Formula (1) wherein an existent amount of cobalt (Co) becomes large from a center of the primary particle toward the surface thereof; and an existent amount of cobalt (Co) in the primary particle existing in the vicinity of the surface of the secondary particle is larger than an existent amount of cobalt (Co) in the primary particle existing in the vicinity of the center of the secondary particle.

Nickel hydroxide electrode for rechargeable batteries

The nickel hydroxide particles for a nickel hydroxide electrode may be treated using an alkaline solution of a strong oxidizing agent such as sodium or potassium persulfate to modify the surface nickel hydroxide structure. The resulting modified surface structure has been found to impart various benefits to electrodes formed from the nickel hydroxide. It is believed that the oxidation of cobalt compounds at the surface of the nickel hydroxide particles results in a highly conductive cobalt compound that plays an important role in the high reliability, high stability and high capacity utilization of nickel electrodes as described herein.

Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium Ion Battery

Disclosed is a positive electrode active material that provides an improved capacity density. Specifically disclosed is a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery with a layered structure represented by Li x (Ni y M 1-y )O z (wherein M represents at least one element selected from a group consisting of Mn, Co, Mg, Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, and Zr; x is in the range from 0.9 to 1.2; y is in the range from 0.3 to 0.95; and z is in the range from 1.8 to 2.4), wherein, when a value obtained by dividing an average of peak intensities observed between 1420 and 1450 cm −1 and between 1470 and 1500 cm −1 by the maximum intensity of a peak appearing between 520 and 620 cm −1 in an infrared absorption spectrum obtained by FT-IR is represented by A, A satisfies the following relational formula: 0.20y−0.05≦A≦0.53y−0.06.

Thermal expansion suppressing member and anti-thermally-expansive member

Provided are a thermal expansion suppressing member having negative thermal expansion properties and a metal-based anti-thermally-expansive member having small thermal expansion. More specifically, provided are a thermal expansion suppressing member, including at least an oxide represented by the following general formula (1), and an anti-thermally-expansive member, including a metal having a positive linear expansion coefficient at 20° C., and a solid body including at least an oxide represented by the following general formula (1), the metal and solid being joined to each other: (Bi 1-x M x )NiO 3 (1) where M represents at least one metal selected from the group consisting of La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, and In; and x represents a numerical value of 0.02≦x≦0.15.

Cathode active material for lithium secondary battery

The present invention provides a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery containing therein an open pore having a protrusion which is formed so as to extend from the inner surface of the open pore toward the center of the open pore. Specifically, the protrusion is formed so as to extend toward the center of a virtual circle formed by approximating the shape of a cross section of the open pore to a circular shape. The protrusion is formed of the same material as the remaining portion of the cathode active material.

Silver Iodate Compounds Having Antimicrobial Properties

The present invention is compositions, methods of use, methods of treating, and articles of manufacture that include at least one silver iodate for imparting antimicrobial properties, particularly as it relates to the manufacture, use, and properties of medical devices. The invention also includes obtaining and using one or more silver iodate reaction products from a diperiodatoargentate, wherein the reaction products are obtained using a hydrothermal reaction.

Cathode active material plate-like particle for lithium secondary battery

An object of the present invention is to realize more effective intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions in a cathode active material. The preset invention provides a cathode active material plate-like particle for a lithium secondary battery, the particle having a layered rock salt structure, wherein lithium-intercalation/deintercalation-plane-oriented grains (primary crystal grains whose (003) plane is oriented so as to intersect a plate surface of the plate-like particle) are present in a dispersed state among numerous (003)-plane-oriented grains (primary crystal grains whose (003) plane is oriented in parallel with the plate surface of the plate-like particle).

Mixed valency metal sulfide sorbents for heavy metals

A sorbent, suitable for removing heavy metals, including mercury, from fluids containing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide at temperatures up to 550° C., in the form of a shaped unit comprising one or more mixed-valency metal sulphides of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt or nickel.

Cathode material for lithium secondary batteries and lithium secondary battery containing the same

This invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and particularly to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, in which a lithium composite oxide having a composition of LiNi 1-x M x O 2 (wherein M represents one or a combination of two elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Al, Mn, Mg, Fe, Cu, Ti, Sn and Cr, and 0.96≦x≦1.05) is surface-modified using carbon or an organic compound, thereby achieving superior stability and improved high-rate capability compared to conventional positive electrode active materials, and to a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method of manufacturing the same

A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a negative electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material comprising sodium oxide, is characterized in that the sodium oxide contains lithium, and the molar amount of the lithium is less than the molar amount of the sodium.

process for preparing trichloroammineplatinate salt and the products obtained therein

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a trichloroammineplatinate salt by reacting a tetrachloroplatinate salt in aqueous solution in the presence of ammonium chloride and an alkali chloride with one or more carbonate salts selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium and ammonium carbonate while keeping the pH value below 7 during the reaction; the product obtained therein and a use thereof.

Lithium secondary battery

Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode comprising a combination of positive active materials. The combination includes a material represented by one or both of Formulae 1 and 2; and a material of Formula 3 as follows: Li a Ni b Mn c M d O 2   (Formula 1) where 0.90≦a≦1.2; 0.5≦b≦0.9; 0<c<0.4; 0≦d≦0.2; Li a Ni b Co c Mn d M e O 2   (Formula 2) where 0.90≦a≦1.2, 0.5≦b≦0.9, 0<c<0.4, 0<d<0.4, and 0≦e≦0.2; Li a CoM b O 2   (Formula 3) where 0.90≦a≦1.2 and 0≦b≦0.2; and each M of Formulae 1-3 is independently selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db, Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh, Fe, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, Te, Po, and combinations.

Nano silver-zinc oxide composition

A new composite comprises (a) 10.1-99.9% by weight of elemental Ag and (b) 0.1-89.9% by weight of ZnO, wherein the sum of (a) and (b) makes 90% or more by weight of the composite and wherein the elemental Ag has a primary particle size of 10-200 nm and/or the ZnO has a primary particle size of 0.1 to below 50 μm and/or the composite has a particle size distribution of 0.1-50 μm and/or a BET surface area of 10-100 m2/g. The novel composite may be obtained by the steps (i) mixing a first mixture of at least one Ag-salt with a second mixture of at least one Zn-salt thereby forming a third mixture of Ag- and Zn-salts, (ii) adding the third mixture to a mixture of a carbonate source, (iii) co-precipitating of the Ag- and Zn-carbonates formed in step (ii), (iv) washing of the Ag- and Zn-carbonates and (v) thermal decompositing of the Ag- and Zn-carbonates. The novel composites are useful to impart antimicrobial properties to surfaces, articles or bulk compositions, especially to membrane systems for gas- or water separation.

Cathode material for fuel cell, cathode for fuel cell including the same, method of manufacturing the cathode, and solid oxide fuel cell including the cathode

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material for a fuel cell including a lanthanide metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure; and a bismuth metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1 below, Bi 2-x-y A x B y O 3 ,  Chemical Formula 1 wherein A and B are each a metal with a valence of 3, A and B are each independently at least one element selected from a rare earth element and a transition metal element, A and B are different from each other, and 0<x≦0.3 and 0<y≦0.3.

Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis of Mesoporous Positive Electrode Materials for High Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries

A lithium metal oxide positive electrode material useful in making lithium-ion batteries that is produced using spray pyrolysis. The material comprises a plurality of metal oxide secondary particles that comprise metal oxide primary particles, wherein the primary particles have a size that is in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 μm, and the secondary particles have a size that is in the range of about 10 nm to about 100 μm and are uniformly mesoporous.

Production process for composite oxide, positive-electrode active material for lithium-ion secondary battery and lithium-ion secondary battery

A composite oxide, whose major component is a lithium-manganese-system oxide including Li and tetravalent Mn at least and having a crystal structure that belongs to a layered rock-salt structure, is produced via the following: a raw-material mixture preparation step of preparing a raw-material mixture by mixing a metallic-compound raw material and a molten-salt raw material with each other, the metallic-compound raw material at least including one or more kinds of metallic compounds being selected from the group consisting of oxides, hydroxides and metallic salts that include one or more kinds of metallic elements in which Mn is essential, the molten-salt raw material including lithium hydroxide and lithium nitrate, and exhibiting a proportion of the lithium hydroxide with respect to the lithium nitrate (i.e., (Lithium Hydroxide)/(Lithium Nitrate)) that falls in a range of from 1 or more to 10 or less by molar ratio; a molten reaction step of reacting said raw-material mixture at a melting point of said molten-salt raw material or more by melting it: and a recovery step of recovering said composite oxide being generated from said raw-material mixture that has undergone the reaction.

Method for stabilizing size of platinum hydroxide polymer

[Object] To provide a method for stabilizing a size of a platinum hydroxide polymer capable of maintaining solution stability of a platinum hydroxide polymer in a solution. [Solving Means] A method is provided for stabilizing a size of a platinum hydroxide polymer, including adding Zr ions to a solution containing a platinum hydroxide polymer at a Zr/Pt ratio of 1.0 to 40 in terms of molar concentration ratio.

Electromagnetic wave absorbent material

Provided is an electromagnetic wave absorbent material comprising a magnetic film as the main constituent thereof. The magnetic film comprises a titania nanosheet where a 3d magnetic metal element is substituted at the titanium lattice position. The electromagnetic wave absorbent material stably and continuously exhibits electromagnetic wave absorption performance in a range of from 1 to 15 GHz band and is useful as mobile telephones, wireless LANs and other mobile electronic instruments. The absorbent material can be fused with a transparent medium and is applicable to transparent electronic devices such as large-sized liquid crystal TVs, electronic papers, etc.

Positive electrode material for a lithium-ion accumulator

A compound of formula Li a+y (M 1 (1−t) Mo t ) 2 M 2 b (O 1−x F 2x ) c wherein: M 1 is selected from the group consisting in Ni, Mn, Co, Fe, V or a mixture thereof; M 2 is selected from the group consisting in B, Al, Si, P, Ti, Mo; with 4≦a≦6; 0<b≦1.8; 3.8≦c≦14; 0≦x<1; −0.5≦y≦0.5; 0≦t≦0.9; b/a<0.45; the coefficient c satisfying one of the following relationships: c=4+y/2+z+2t+1.5b if M 2 is selected from B and Al; c=4+y/2+z+2t+2b if M 2 is selected from Si, Ti and Mo; c=4+y/2+z+2t+2.5b if M 2 is P; with z=0 if M 1 is selected from Ni, Mn, Co, Fe and z=1 if M 1 is V.

Method for manufacturing a lithium complex metal oxide

A method for producing a lithium mixed metal oxide, which includes mixing a lithium compound, metallic Ni or a compound thereof, and one or more transition metals selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ti, Cr and Fe or a compound thereof; and calcining the obtained raw material mixture under an atmosphere of the concentration of carbon dioxide of from 1% by volume to 15% by volume at 630° C. or higher.

Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Battery, Positive Electrode For Lithium-Ion Battery, And Lithium-Ion Battery

The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery having good rate characteristics. The positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery has a layer structure expressed by a composition formula: Li x (Ni y Mi 1-y )O z , wherein M represents Mn and Co, x represents 0.9 to 1.2, y represents 0.6 to 0.9, and z represents 1.8 to 2.4. The positive electrode active material has a particle size ratio D50P/D50 of 0.60 or more, wherein D50 is the average secondary particle size of the positive electrode active material powder, and D50P is the average secondary particle size of the positive electrode active material powder after pressing at 100 MPa. The positive electrode active material contains 3% or less particles having a particle size of 0.4 μm or less in terms of the volume ratio after pressing at 100 MPa.

New compound semiconductors and their application

Disclosed are new compound semiconductors which may be used for solar cells or as thermoelectric materials, and their application. The compound semiconductor may be represented by a chemical formula: In x Co 4 Sb 12-n-z Q′ n Se z , where Q′ is at least one selected from the group consisting of O and S, 0<x≦0.5, 0<n≦2 and 0≦z<2.

New compound semiconductors and their application

Disclosed are new compound semiconductors which may be used for solar cells or as thermoelectric materials, and their application. The compound semiconductor may be represented by a chemical formula: In x M y Co 4-m-a A m Sb 12-n-z-b X n Te z , where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; A is at least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt; X is at least one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ga, Ge and Sn; 0<x<1; 0<y<1; 0≦m≦1; 0≦n<9; 0<z≦2; 0≦a≦1; 0<b≦3; and 0<n+z+b<12.

Compound semiconductors and their application

Disclosed are new compound semiconductors which may be used for solar cells or as thermoelectric materials, and their application. The compound semiconductor may be represented by a chemical formula: In x Co 4-a Sb 12-z Q z , where Q is at least one selected from the group consisting of O, S, Se and Te, 0<x≦0.5, 0<a≦1 and 0≦z≦4.

New compound semiconductors and their application

Disclosed are new compound semiconductors which may be used for solar cells or as thermoelectric materials, and their application. The compound semiconductor may be represented by a chemical formula: In x Co 4 Sb 12-z Se z , where 0<x≦0.5 and 0<z≦2.

Positive electrode active material

A lithium ion secondary battery has a high cycle retention rate, and has its battery capacity increased. A positive electrode active material is used which includes a crystal phase having a structure formed by collecting a plurality of crystallites 101 , and powder particles containing amorphous phases 103 a and 103 b formed between the crystallites 101 . The amorphous phases 103 a and 103 b contain one or more kinds of metal oxides selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide and cobalt oxide. The crystal phase and the amorphous phase 103 a and 103 b are capable of intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions.

Positive-electrode material for lithium secondary-battery, process for producing the same, positive electrode for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery

The invention relates to: a lithium-transition metal compound powder for a positive-electrode material of lithium secondary batteries, which is a powder that comprises a lithium-transition metal compound having a function of being capable of an insertion and elimination of lithium ions, wherein the particles in the powder contain, in the inner part thereof, a compound that, when analyzed by an SEM-EDX method, has peaks derived from at least one element selected from the Group-16 elements belonging to the third or later periods of the periodic table and at least one element selected from the Group-5 to Group-7 elements belonging to the fifth and sixth periods of the periodic table; a process for producing the powder; a positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries; and a lithium secondary battery.

Nonaqueous electrolyte battery, battery pack and vehicle

A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a negative electrode including a current collector and a negative electrode active material having a Li ion insertion potential not lower than 0.4V (vs. Li/Li + ). The negative electrode has a porous structure. A pore diameter distribution of the negative electrode as determined by a mercury porosimetry, which includes a first peak having a mode diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 μm, and a second peak having a mode diameter of 0.003 to 0.02 μm. A volume of pores having a diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 μm as determined by the mercury porosimetry is 0.05 to 0.5 mL per gram of the negative electrode excluding the weight of the current collector. A volume of pores having a diameter of 0.003 to 0.02 μm as determined by the mercury porosimetry is 0.0001 to 0.02 mL per gram of the negative electrode excluding the weight of the current collector.

Novel formulation of hexa-aluminates for reforming fuels

The invention is directed to a catalyst and a method for making a reforming catalyst for the production of hydrogen from organic compounds that overcomes the problems of catalyst poisoning and deactivation by coking and high temperature sintering, yet provides excellent durability and a long working life in process use. An embodiment is the formation of a unique four-metal ion hexa-aluminate of the formula M1 a M2 b M3 c M4 d Al 11 O 19-α . M1 and M2 are selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and gadolinium. M3 and M4 are selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, wherein 0.010≦a+b+c+d≦2.0. Also, 1≦α≦1. Further, M1≠M2 and M3≠M4.

Nanostructured metal oxides and mixed metal oxides, methods of making these nanoparticles, and methods of their use

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for nanoparticles, methods of making nanoparticles, methods of using the nanoparticles, and the like. Nanoparticles of the present disclosure can have a variety of morphologies, which may lead to their use in a variety of technologies and processes. Nanoparticles of the present may be used in sensors, optics, mechanics, circuits, and the like. In addition, nanoparticles of the present disclosure may be used in catalytic reactions, for CO oxidation, as super-capacitors, in hydrogen storage, and the like.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MATERIAL, THERMOELECTRIC CONVERSION MATERIAL, AND PRODUCTION APPARATUS USED IN THE METHOD

A method for producing a thermoelectric conversion material composed of a metal A having an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, a transition metal M, and oxygen O, and represented by AxMyOz, where x, y, and z are valences of the respective elements, includes the steps of: using a massive metal oxide as the thermoelectric conversion material and a salt in a solid, liquid or gaseous state; causing a diffusion reaction between the oxide and the salt; and forming the thermoelectric conversion material having aligned crystal orientation. A production apparatus includes a reactor into which the oxide and the salt are introduced, and a heating means for heating the oxide and the salt within the reactor to promote the diffusion reaction. Thereby, the thermoelectric conversion material having efficiency is produced more simply and at lower cost than a production of the single crystal. 1. A method for producing a thermoelectric conversion material composed of a metal A including an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal , a transition metal M , and oxygen O , the thermoelectric conversion material represented by a general formula: AxMyOz , where x , y , and z are integers determined by valences of respective elements , comprising:using a massive metal oxide as a solid raw material for the thermoelectric conversion material and a salt in any one of solid, liquid, and gaseous states; andcausing a diffusion reaction between the massive metal oxide and the salt.2. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the AxMyOz is formed on a substrate.3. The method as defined in claim 2 , wherein the substrate is a metal plate claim 2 , and the AxMyOz is formed via an insulating film of an oxide of a metal constituting the metal plate.4. The method as defined in claim 2 , wherein the substrate is a ceramic plate claim 2 , and after formation of a metal film on the ceramic plate by one of deposition and plating claim 2 , the metal film is oxidized to produce the massive metal oxide.5. ...

Positive electrode for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery employing the same

The invention relates to positive electrode for lithium secondary battery which comprises an active material and a conductive material, wherein the active material comprises a lithium-transition metal compound which has a function of being capable of insertion and desorption of lithium ion, the lithium-transition metal compound gives a surface-enhanced Raman spectrum which has a peak at 800-1,000 cm −1 , and the conductive material comprises carbon black which has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 70-300 m 2 /g and an average particle diameter of 10-35 nm, and a lithium secondary battery which employs the same.

Positive electrode materials for lithium ion batteries having a high specific discharge capacity and processes for the synthesis of these materials

Positive electrode active materials are described that have a very high specific discharge capacity upon cycling at room temperature and at a moderate discharge rate. Some materials of interest have the formula Li 1+x Ni 60 Mn β Co γ O 2 , where x ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.25, α ranges from about 0.1 to about 0.4, β range's from about 0.4 to about 0.65, and γ ranges from about 0.05 to about 0.3. The materials can be coated with a metal fluoride to improve the performance of the materials especially upon cycling. Also, the coated materials can exhibit a very significant decrease in the irreversible capacity lose upon the first charge and discharge of the cell. Methods for producing these materials include, for example, a co-precipitation approach involving metal hydroxides and sol-gel approaches.

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF SILVER OXIDE

A process for preparation of silver oxide with various shape and size using a silver complex compound having a special structure, includes 1) step of preparing a precursor solution including a silver complex compound obtained by reacting a silver compound with one or more mixture selected from the group consisting of an ammonium carbamate-based compound, an ammonium carbonate-based compound or an ammonium bicarbonate-based compound in the presence of a solvent; and 2) step of preparing silver oxide by reacting the precursor solution including the silver complex compound of step 1) with an oxidant. The shape and particle size of the silver oxide prepared according to the preparation process can be changed. 2. The process for preparation of silver oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the silver compound represented by the formula 1 is a mixture of at least one selected from silver oxide claim 1 , silver thiocyanate claim 1 , silver cyanide claim 1 , silver cyanate claim 1 , silver carbonate claim 1 , silver nitrate claim 1 , silver nitrite claim 1 , silver sulfate claim 1 , silver phosphate claim 1 , silver perchlorate claim 1 , silver tetrafluoroborate claim 1 , silver acetylacetonate claim 1 , silver acetate claim 1 , silver lactate claim 1 , silver oxalate and derivatives thereof.3. The process for preparation of silver oxide according to claim 1 , wherein each substituent of R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Ris independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 1 , methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , isopropyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , isobutyl claim 1 , amyl claim 1 , hexyl claim 1 , ethylhexyl claim 1 , heptyl claim 1 , octyl claim 1 , isooctyl claim 1 , nonyl claim 1 , decyl claim 1 , dodecyl claim 1 , hexadecyl claim 1 , octadecyl claim 1 , docodecyl claim 1 , cyclopropyl claim 1 , cyclopentyl claim 1 , cyclohexyl claim 1 , allyl claim 1 , hydroxy claim 1 , methoxy claim 1 , hydroxyethyl claim 1 , methoxyethyl ...

Recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system

A recirculated-suspension pre-calciner system is disclosed, comprising: a vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment including a plurality of devices, wherein a top device of the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment is used as a feed system; a vertical combustion kiln; a blower; and a powder purge system, wherein powders in the feed system fall into the vortex cyclone dust collecting equipment and pass through a plurality of the devices to mix and exchange heat with flue gas comprising CO 2 , generating calcination reaction and releasing CO2 into the flue gas. and the steam is separated and transported to the feed system by the blower and acts as a carrier gas of powders.

Precursor, process for production of precursor, process for production of active material, and lithium ion secondary battery

Active material is obtained by sintering a precursor, has a layered structure and is represented by the following formula (1). The temperature at which the precursor becomes a layered structure compound in its sintering in atmospheric air is 450° C. or less. Alternatively, the endothermic peak temperature of the precursor when its temperature is increased from 300° C. to 800° C. in its differential thermal analysis in the atmospheric air is 550° C. or less. Li y Ni a Co b Mn c M d O x F z   (1) In formula (1), the element M is at least one of Al, Si, Zr, Ti, Fe, Mg, Nb, Ba, and V and 1.9≦(a+b+c+d+y)≦2.1, 1.0≦y≦1.3, 0<a≦0.3, 0≦b≦0.25, 0.3≦c≦0.7, 0≦d≦0.1, 1.9≦(x+z)≦2.0, and 0≦z≦0.15 are satisfied.

NANOSTRUCTURES

A method for producing a matrix containing nanostructures. The method includes obtaining a layer having a thickness of 10 nm-100 μm, wherein the layer contains organic macromolecules arranged in a nanopattern, staining the layer with a solution containing a salt so that a portion of the salt is retained in the layer, and removing the organic mcaromolecules from the layer to form a matrix containing nanostructures. Also within the scope of this invention are nanostructures prepared by this method. 1. A method for producing a matrix having nanostructures , comprising obtaining a layer of organic macromolecules arranged in a nanopattern , wherein the layer has a thickness of 10 nm-100 μm ,placing the layer on a substrate,staining the layer with a solution containing a salt so that a portion of the salt is retained in the layer, andremoving the organic macromolecules from the layer to form a matrix having nanostructures.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the layer is obtained by sectioning tendon claim 1 , muscle claim 1 , bone claim 1 , cartilage claim 1 , or diatoms.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the layer is obtained by sectioning tendon or muscle.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the layer is obtained by sectioning tendon with microtome or ultramicrotome.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt is a metal salt.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising claim 5 , after the staining step and before the removing step claim 5 , treating the layer with a reducing agent to reduce the metal salt retained in the layer to a metal.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organic layer has a thickness of 10-1000 nm.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the metal salt is a salt of [UO] claim 7 , Rb claim 7 , Zn claim 7 , Pt claim 7 , Fe claim 7 , Au claim 7 , or a mixture thereof.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the organic macromolecules are removed by plasma etching in the removing step.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the metal salt is a salt of [UO].11. The ...

Cathode active material and lithium secondary battery comprising the same

Disclosed is a cathode active material for secondary batteries comprising one or more compounds having a layered-crystal structure, represented by the following Formula 1, wherein a transition metal layer contains Li, in an amount lower than 20%, based on a total amount of a transition metal site, and a ratio of Ni positioned in a lithium layer, that is, a cation mixing ratio is 1% to 4.5%, based on a total amount of a lithium site in the lithium layer to stably support the layered-crystal structure: (1-s-t)[Li(Li a Mn (1-a-x-y) Ni x Co y )O 2 ]*s [Li 2 CO 3 ]*t[LiOH] (1), wherein 0<a<0.2; 0<x<0.9; 0<y<0.5; a+x+y<1; 0<s<0.03; and 0<t<0.03. The cathode active material exhibits long lifespan and superior stability at room temperature and high temperatures in spite of repeated charge and discharge at a high current.

Particles, process for production thereof and use thereof

Particles comprising a mixed oxide of the general formula (I) Li 1+a Ni b Co c Mn d O z   (I) in which the variables are each defined as follows: b is a number in the range from 0.25 to 0.45 c is a number in the range from 0.15 to 0.25 d =1− b−c, (1+a) is in the range from 1.05 to 1.20, 1.8+ a≦z ≦2.2+ a, the particles having been fully or partially coated with one or more fluorides; and also a process for producing inventive particles and use of inventive particles.

Lithium-transition metal oxide powder and method of producing the same, positive electrode active material for lithium ion battery, and lithium ion secondary battery

There is provided a lithium-transition metal oxide powder with a coating layer containing lithium niobate formed on a part or the whole part of a surface of a lithium-transition metal oxide particle and having a low powder compact resistance, and a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery containing the lithium-transition metal oxide powder. Specifically, there is provided the lithium-transition metal oxide powder composed of a lithium-transition metal oxide particle with a part or the whole part of a surface coated with a coating layer containing lithium niobate, wherein a carbon-content is 0.03 mass % or less.

Layer-layer lithium rich complex metal oxides with high specific capacity and excellent cycling

Lithium rich and manganese rich lithium metal oxides are described that provide for excellent performance in lithium-based batteries. The specific compositions can be engineered within a specified range of compositions to provide desired performance characteristics. Selected compositions can provide high values of specific capacity with a reasonably high average voltage. Compositions of particular interest can be represented by the formula, x Li 2 MnO 3 .(1−x) Li Ni u+Δ Mn u−Δ Co w A y O 2 . The compositions undergo significant first cycle irreversible changes, but the compositions cycle stably after the first cycle.

Re-Dispersible Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Method of Making Same

The current invention relates to a method of making metal oxide nanoparticles comprising the reaction of—at least one metal oxide precursor (P) containing at least one metal (M) with—at least one monofunctional alcohol (A) wherein the hydroxy group is bound to a secondary, tertiary or alpha-unsaturated carbon atom—in the presence of at least one aliphatic compound (F) according to the formula Y 1 —R 1 —X—R 2 —Y 2 , wherein—R 1 and R 2 each are the same or different and independently selected from aliphatic groups with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —Y 1 and Y 2 each are the same or different and independently selected from OH, NH 2 and SH, and —X is selected from the group consisting of chemical bond, —O—, —S—, —NR 3 —, and CR 4 R 5 , wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which optionally carries functional groups selected from OH, NH 2 and SH. This invention also relates to metal oxide nanoparticles, to a method of making dispersions of said nanoparticles and to dispersions containing them.

Positive Electrode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Battery, Positive Electrode For A Lithium-Ion Battery, Lithium-Ion Battery Using Same, And Precursor To A Positive Electrode Active Material For A Lithium-Ion Battery

The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries, which realizes a lithium ion battery that is, while satisfying fundamental characteristics of a battery (capacity, efficiency, load characteristics), low in the resistance and excellent in the lifetime characteristics. In the positive electrode active material for lithium ion batteries, the variation in the composition of transition metal that is a main component inside of particles of or between particles of the positive electrode active material, which is defined as a ratio of the absolute value of the difference between a composition ratio inside of the particles of or in a small area between the particles of the transition metal and a composition ratio in a bulk state to the composition ratio in a bulk state of the transition metal, is 5% or less.

Lithium secondary battery positive electrode material for improving output characteristics and lithium secondary battery including the same

Provided are a positive electrode active material for improving an output and a lithium secondary battery including the same. Particularly, graphite and conductive carbon which have shapes and sizes different from each other, may be simultaneously coated on a mixed positive electrode material of a 3-component system lithium-containing metal oxide having a layered structure and expressed as following Chemical Formula 1 and LiFePO 4 having an olivine structure as an conductive material to improve high resistance occurrence and conductivity reduction phenomenon of a 3-component system lithium metal oxide due to a difference between particle sizes and surface areas of the 3-component system lithium-containing metal oxide and LiFePO 4 olivine. Li 1+a Ni x Co y Mn 1-x-y O 2 , 0≦a<0.5, 0<x<1, 0<y<0.5   [Chemical formula 1]

Solid ammonia storage and delivery material

Disclosed is a method for the selective catalytic reduction of NO x in waste/exhaust gas by using ammonia provides by heating one or more salts of formula M a (NH 3 ) n X z , wherein M represents one or more cations selected from alkaline earth metals and transition metals, X represents one or more anions, a represents the number of cations per salt molecule, z represents the number of anions per salt molecule, and n is a number of from 2 to 12, the one or more salts having been compressed to a bulk density above 70% of the skeleton density before use thereof.

Active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, method for production of the active material, electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

There is provided an active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, including a lithium-transition metal composite oxide which has an α-NaFeO 2 -type crystal structure and of which the average composition is represented by the composition formula of Li 1+α Me 1−α O 2 (Me is a transition metal containing Co, Ni and Mn; and α> 0 ), wherein the lithium-transition metal composite oxide is a particle having a core and a coated part, the cobalt concentration of the coated part is higher than the cobalt concentration of the core, the manganese concentration of the coated part is lower than the manganese concentration of the core, and the ratio of cobalt present in the coated part is 3 to 10% in terms of a molar ratio based on the amount of the transition metal present in the core.

Transition metal compound particles and methods of production

A method of preparing insoluble transition metal compound particles is described, comprising: providing a transition metal salt solution having the formula (TM)(S) wherein TM is one or more of Mn, Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Ca, Sr, Cu, Zr, P, Fe, Al, Ga, In, Cr Ge or Sn; providing a source of a carbonate-, hydroxide-, phosphate-, oxyhydroxide- or oxide-based anionic compound wherein the anionic component, represented by S′, is reactive with TM to form the particles; adding the transition metal salt solution and anionic compound to a reaction chamber; and subjecting the chamber to sonication at an intensity of about 0.1 to about 50 W/mL. In an exemplary embodiment, MnCO 3 particles are formed from: MnSO 4 ; and Na 2 CO 3 and/or NH 4 HCO 3 , wherein the ratio of MnSO 4 to Na 2 CO 3 and/or NH 4 HCO 3 is from about 1:1.5 to 1.5:1. The particles may have narrow size distribution and a tap density of about 1.7-2.3 g/mL.

Method for the production of an lmo product

A fused product including lithium-manganese spinel, which is optionally doped, having a spinel structure AB 2 O 4 , where the site A is occupied by lithium and the site B is occupied by manganese, it being possible for the site B to be doped with an element B′ and it being possible for the site A to exert a substoichiometry or a superstoichiometry with respect to the site B, so that the product observes the formula Li (1+x) Mn (2−y) B′ y O 4 , with −0.20≦x≦0.4 and 0≦y≦1, the element B′ being chosen from aluminum, cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, magnesium, titanium, vanadium, copper, zinc, gallium, calcium, niobium, yttrium, barium, silicon, boron, zirconium and their mixtures.

Mask-Less Fabrication of Thin Film Batteries

Thin film batteries (TFB) are fabricated by a process which eliminates and/or minimizes the use of shadow masks. A selective laser ablation process, where the laser patterning process removes a layer or stack of layers while leaving layer(s) below intact, is used to meet certain or all of the patterning requirements. For die patterning from the substrate side, where the laser beam passes through the substrate before reaching the deposited layers, a die patterning assistance layer, such as an amorphous silicon layer or a microcrystalline silicon layer, may be used to achieve thermal stress mismatch induced laser ablation, which greatly reduces the laser energy required to remove material.

Materials Prepared by Metal Extraction

A method for extracting ions from an active material for use in a battery electrode includes mixing the active material and an activating compound to form a mixture. The mixture is annealed such that an amount of ions is extracted from the active material, an amount of oxygen is liberated from the active material, and an activated active material is formed. Embodiments of the invention include the activated active material, the electrode, and the primary and secondary batteries formed from such activated active materials.

FERRITE POWDER, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND COMMON MODE NOISE FILTER INCLUDING THE SAME AS MATERIAL FOR MAGNETIC LAYER

Disclosed herein are a ferrite powder not including pores in a surface thereof, a method for preparing the same, and a common mode noise filter including the same as a material for a magnetic layer. The spherical ferrite powder in which the pores in the surface thereof are removed as a magnetic layer of the common mode noise filter has high density, such that dispersibility is improved, thereby making it possible to improve adhesive strength with a polymer binder to be mixed. In addition, the adhesive strength between the polymer binder and the ferrite powder is improved, such that at the time of manufacturing or mounting of a chip, a defect such as a crack generated by a thermal impact due to a lack of adhesive strength between the ferrite powder and the polymer binder may be suppressed, thereby securing the reliability with respect to the thermal impact. 1. A ferrite powder not including pores in a surface thereof.2. The ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein it is a Fe—Ni—Zn—Cu based ferrite powder.3. The ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein it has an average particle size of 10 to 50 μm.4. The ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein it has a spherical shape.5. The ferrite powder according to claim 1 , wherein it further includes at least one kind selected from a group consisting of Co claim 1 , Bi claim 1 , and Ti.6. A method for preparing a ferrite powder not including pores in a surface thereof claim 1 , the method comprising:mixing raw materials for the ferrite powder to spray-dry the mixture;calcining the spray-dried mixture for 30 to 90 minutes at 800 to 900° C.; andreacting the calcined mixture for 100 to 150 minutes at 1000 to 1200° C.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the ferrite powder is a Fe—Ni—Zn—Cu based ferrite powder and does not include the pores in the surface thereof.8. A common mode noise filter including a Fe—Ni—Zn—Cu based ferrite powder not including pores in a surface thereof as a magnet layer.9. The common ...

Positive active material for lithium secondary battery, manufacturing method thereof, lithium secondary battery electrode, and lithium secondary battery

A positive active material for a lithium secondary battery contains a lithium-transition metal composite oxide represented by a composition formula of Li 1+α Me 1−α O 2 (Me is a transition metal element including Co, Ni, and Mn; 1.2<(1+α)/(1−α)<1.6). A molar ratio (Co/Me) of Co contained in the Me ranges from 0.24 to 0.36, and when a space group R3-m is used for a crystal structure model based on an X-ray diffraction pattern, a half width of a diffraction peak that attributes to a (003) line ranges from 0.204° to 0.303°, or a half width of a diffraction peak that attributes to a (104) line ranges from 0.278° to 0.424°.

SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-BASED THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

Nanowire synthesis and one dimensional nanowire synthesis of titanates and cobaltates. Exemplary titanates and cobaltates that are fabricated and discussed include, without limitation, strontium titanate (SrTiO), barium titanate (BaTiO), lead titanate (PbTiO), calcium cobaltate (CaCoO) and sodium cobaltate (NaCo2O). 1. A nanowire comprising at least one of the following: Calcium cobaltate (CaCoO) and sodium cobaltate (NaCoO).2. (canceled)3. The nanowire of claim 1 , wherein the nanowire comprises sodium cobaltate (NaCoO).45-. (canceled)6. The nanowire of claim 1 , wherein the nanowire comprises calcium cobaltate{'sub': 3', '4', '9, '(CaCoO).'}7. A process for forming nanowires claim 1 , the process comprising:forming alkali metal titanate nanowires; and,combining the alkali metal titanate nanowires with at least one of a strontium nitrate solution, a barium nitrate solution, a lead nitrate solution, a calcium nitrate solution, a sodium nitrate solution, and a potassium nitrate solution to create a combination; and,processing the combination.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein processing the combination comprises:heating the combination at a temperature above 200° C. for at least one day to form an end product; and,washing the end product after the heating step, where the washing includes rinsing the end product with deionized water.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein forming alkali metal titanate nanowires comprises:mixing nanoparticles containing titanium with an alkali solution to create a precursor mixture; and,heating the precursor mixture at a temperature above 200° C. for at least two days.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein processing the combination further comprises separating the end product from solution.11. A process for forming nanowires claim 8 , the process comprising:forming alkali metal cobaltate nanowires; and,combining the alkali metal cobaltate nanowires with at least one of a strontium nitrate solution, a barium nitrate solution, a lead nitrate ...

Positive active material for rechargeable lithium battery, method for preparing same and rechargeable lithium battery including same

A positive active material including a compound represented by Li 1+x M 1−k Me k O 2 . A surface part of a particle of the positive active material has a mole ratio [Me/M] (A) of element represented by Me to element represented by M in Li 1+x M 1−k Me k O 2 of 0.05≦A≦0.60; the entire particle has a mole ratio [Me/M] (B) of element represented by Me to element represented by M in Li 1+x M 1−k Me k O 2 of 0.003≦B≦0.012; and element represented by Me has a concentration difference of between two positions of less than or equal to about 0.02 wt % in an inner part of the particle. In Li 1+x M 1−k Me k O 2 , −0.2≦x≦0.2, 0<k≦0.05 M is one selected from Ni, Mn, Co, and a combination thereof, Me is one selected from Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, B, Ni, Mn, and a combination thereof, and M is not the same element as Me or does not include the same element as Me.

High nickel cathode material having low soluble base content

The invention relates to cathode materials for Li-ion batteries in the quaternary phase diagram Li[Li 1/3 Mn 2/3 ]O 2 —LiMn 1/2 Ni 1/2 O 2 —LiNiO 2 —LiCoO 2 , and having a high nickel content. Also a method to manufacture these materials is disclosed. The cathode material has a general formula Li a ((Ni z (Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 ) y Co x ) 1-k A k ) 2-a O 2 , wherein x+y+z=1, 0.1≦x≦0.4, 0.36≦z≦0.50, A is a dopant, 0≦k≦0.1, and 0.95≦a≦1.05, and having a soluble base content (SBC) within 10% of the equilibrium soluble base content.

POSITIVE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY, METHOD OF PREPARING SAME, AND RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY INCLUDING SAME

A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a nickel-based composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, wherein the nickel-based composite oxide includes an over lithiated oxide and non-continuous portions of a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide on a surface of the over lithiated oxide. 1. A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery , comprising a nickel-based composite oxide represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 ,wherein the nickel-based composite oxide comprises an over lithiated oxide and non-continuous portions of a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide on a surface of the over lithiated oxide,wherein an atomic weight ratio of Ni:Mn of the over lithiated oxide is in a range of about 1:1 to about 2:1, and {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', '2, 'LiNiCoMnO\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1'}, 'wherein an atomic weight ratio of Ni:Mn of the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide is in a range of about 3:1 to about 4:1wherein, 1 Подробнее

Synthesis and Characterization of Open Metal Clusters

The present invention is directed to the synthesis of novel stable open metal clusters by selective oxidation of bound ligands. The synthesis comprises, for example, using an amine based oxidant for decarbonylation of specific carbonyl ligands. The synthesis can also comprise further removal of a bound amine group by an acid. The resulting metal cluster contains a coordinatively unsaturated site comprising a carbonyl vacancy. The resulting metal cluster can be used as a catalyst in a variety of chemical transformations. 1. A method for preparing an open metal carbonyl cluster comprising chemically reacting a closed metal carbonyl cluster and an opening agent , with the opening agent reacting with a bound carbonyl group so as to unbind it from the cluster and leave behind a CO-labile ligand on the cluster.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the opening agent is an oxidant.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the oxidant is trimethylamine oxide.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CO-labile ligand is a nitrogen-containing compound coordinating through nitrogen or an oxygen-containing compound coordinating through oxygen.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CO-labile ligand is an ether claim 1 , amine claim 1 , dioxygen or nitrogen.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the open metal carbonyl cluster obtained comprises CO-labile ligands or vacant CO sites.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the closed metal carbonyl cluster is an Ircarbonyl cluster.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the closed metal carbonyl cluster is bound with three sterically protective ligands.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the ligands are calixarene phosphine ligands.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the closed metal carbonyl cluster is an Ircarbonyl cluster bound with three calixarene phosphine ligands claim 1 , and the opening agent is trimethylamine oxide.11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the open metal carbonyl cluster prepared comprises CO-labile ligands in vacated CO sites.12. The ...

ALKALINE STORAGE BATTERY, POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR ALKALINE STORAGE BATTERY, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR ALKALINE STORAGE BATTERY

A positive electrode material for an alkaline storage battery includes nickel hydroxide. Zn and an A element are held in solid solution in a crystallite of the nickel hydroxide, the A element being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, Mn, and Mo. The content of the A element, [A]/([Ni]+[A]+[Zn]), is 5 to 16% (where [A] represents the molarity of the A element,[Ni] represents the molarity of nickel, and [Zn] represents the molarity of zinc in the crystallite). [Zn]/([Ni]+[A]+[Zn]) is 1 to 10%. The nickel hydroxide includes α-phase nickel hydroxide and β-phase nickel hydroxide. 1. A positive electrode material for an alkaline storage battery , comprising nickel hydroxide , wherein:Zn and an A element are held in solid solution in a crystallite of the nickel hydroxide, the A element being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, Mn, and Mo;the content of the A element, [A]/([Ni]+[A]+[Zn]), is 5 to 16% (where [A] represents the molarity of the A element, [Ni] represents the molarity of nickel, and [Zn] represents the molarity of zinc in the crystallite);[Zn]/([Ni]+[A]+[Zn]) is 1 to 10%; andthe nickel hydroxide includes α-phase nickel hydroxide and β-phase nickel hydroxide.2. The positive electrode material for an alkaline storage battery according to claim 1 , wherein Co is further held in solid solution in the crystallite of the nickel hydroxide.3. An alkaline storage battery comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a positive electrode containing the positive electrode material for the alkaline storage battery according to ;'}a negative electrode; andan alkaline electrolyte solution.4. A method for manufacturing a positive electrode material for an alkaline storage battery claim 1 , comprising:{'sup': 2+', '2+', '3+', '3+', '2+', '6+, 'a reaction between an alkaline aqueous solution and an aqueous solution containing Ni ion, Zn ion, and at least one ion selected from the group consisting of ...

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING AIR ELECTRODE POWDER FOR MID- AND LOW- TEMPERATURE SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL ACCORDING TO SOL-GEL PROCESS

Provided is a method for synthesizing air electrode powder, which uses instead of an organic solvent lanthanum-nitrate, strontium-nitrate, cobalt-nitrate, and iron-nitrate, which are affordable and can undergo water-based synthesis, by controlling additional mol ratio and a synthesis temperature of a chelate agent and an esterification reaction accelerating agent instead of complex process controlling conditions, such as a hydrolysis condition and pH in order to control particle shape. 1. A method of synthesizing cathode powder for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) , the method comprising:forming a mixture solution by sequentially mixing lanthanum nitrate, strontium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, and iron nitrate as a metal precursor, a chelate agent and an esterification agent;forming a metal salt/chelate complex by heating the mixture solution;forming a sol by heating the metal salt/chelate complex;forming a gel precursor by heating the sol; and{'sub': 0.6', '0.4', '0.2', '0.8', '3-δ, 'forming nano-LaSrCoFeO powder by firing the gel precursor.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chelate agent is any one selected from the group consisting of citric acid (CHO) and glycolic acid (CHO) claim 1 , and the esterification catalyst is ethylene glycol.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal precursor and the chelate agent are mixed at a mole ratio of 1:2 claim 1 , and a chelate complex and the esterification agent are mixed at a mole ratio of 1:1.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal precursor comprises a mixture of La(NO)·6HO claim 1 , Sr(NO) claim 1 , Co(NO)6HO and Fe(NO)·9HO at a mole ratio of 3:2:1:4.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the metal salt/chelate complex comprises heating the mixture solution placed in a reactor for 2 hours using a hot plate.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the forming of the sol comprises heating the metal salts/chelate complex at a rate of 5° C./hr in a temperature range of 60 to 80° C. into a polymer.7. The method ...

Trimetallic layered double hydroxide composition

A layered double hydroxide (LDH) material, methods for using the LDH material to catalyse the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in a water-splitting process and methods for preparing the LDH material. The LDH material includes nickel, iron and chromium species and possesses a sheet-like morphology including at least one hole.

METHOD AND DEVICE OF REMOVING AND RECYCLING METALS FROM MIXING ACID SOLUTION

A method and device of removing and recycling metals from a mixing acid solution, includes adsorbing a mixing acid solution with a pH value of −1 to 4 and a cobalt ion concentration of 100 to 1,000 mg/L by at least two cation resins in series setting to the cobalt ion concentration in the mixing acid solution is less than 10 mg/L, and then adjusting the pH value of the mixing acid solution after adsorption to meet a discharge standard, wherein the particle size of the at least two cation resins in series setting is 150˜1,200 μm. After the cation resins are saturated by adsorption, regenerating the cation resins by sulfuric acid to form a cobalt sulfate solution, and then electrolytically treating the cobalt sulfate solution to obtain electrolytic cobalt and sulfuric acid electrolyte. The operation process is simple without complicated equipment, and it can effectively recycle metals from mixing acid solutions. The cationic resin and sulfuric acid solution can also be reused, so the method of the present invention has environmental and economic benefits. 1. A method of removing and recycling metals from a mixing acid solution , comprises:adsorbing the mixing acid solution with a pH value of −1 to 4 and a cobalt ion concentration of 100 to 1,000 mg/L by at least two cation resins in series setting to the cobalt ion concentration in the mixing acid solution is less than 10 mg/L; andgenerating the at least two cation resins in series setting with 5-20% sulfuric acid to form a sulfuric acid regeneration solution with a cobalt ion concentration of 200-1,000 mg/L after the at least two cation resins in series setting are saturated.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a step of adjusting the pH value of the mixing acid solution after adsorption treatment to 6-9.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixing acid solution with the pH value of −1 to 2 and the cobalt ion concentration of 400 to 1 claim 1 ,000 mg/L.4. The method according to claim 1 ...

Metal Oxide Mesocrystal, and Method for Producing Same

Various metal oxide mesocrystals can be synthesized in a simple manner by a method for producing a metal oxide mesocrystal, the method comprising the step of annealing an aqueous precursor solution comprising one or more metal oxide precursors, an ammonium salt, a surfactant, and water at 300 to 600° C. Composite mesocrystals consisting of a plurality of metal oxides or an alloy oxide can also be provided. 1. A method for producing a metal oxide mesocrystal , the method comprising the step of maintaining an aqueous precursor solution comprising one or more metal oxide precursors , an ammonium salt , a surfactant , and water at 300 to 600° C.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more metal oxide precursors are a metal nitrate and/or a metal fluoride salt.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ammonium salt is NHNO.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is at least one member selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants claim 1 , cationic surfactants claim 1 , amphoteric surfactants claim 1 , and nonionic surfactants.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the aqueous precursor solution claim 1 , the ratio of metal oxide precursor to surfactant is 1 to 1000:1 (molar ratio) claim 1 , and the ratio of ammonium salt to surfactant is 1 to 1000:1 (molar ratio).6. (canceled)7. A mesocrystal consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of claim 1 , nickel oxide claim 1 , iron oxide claim 1 , cobalt oxide claim 1 , zirconium oxide claim 1 , and cerium oxide claim 1 , the mesocrystal having a specific surface area of 0.5 m/g or more and an average width of 0.01 to 1000 μm.8. (canceled)9. A mesocrystal consisting of nanoparticles of two or more metal oxides.10. The mesocrystal according to claim 9 , which has a specific surface area of 0.5 m/g or more.11. (canceled)12. The mesocrystal according to claim 9 , wherein the metal oxide nanoparticles consist of two or more ...

POORLY CRYSTALLINE TRANSITION METAL MOLYBDOTUNGSTATE

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material or a metal sulfide decomposition product thereof. The hydroprocessing using the crystalline ammonia transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking. 2. The poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material of wherein the poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material is present in a mixture with at least one binder and wherein the mixture comprises up to 25 wt-% binder.3. The poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material of wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of silicas claim 2 , aluminas claim 2 , and silica-aluminas.4. The poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material of wherein M is nickel or zinc.5. The poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material of wherein M is nickel.7. The method of further comprising removing at least some of the NH claim 6 , HO claim 6 , or a combination thereof to form an intermediate before reacting the mixture at a temperature from about 90° C. to about 350° C. in an autogenous environment8. The method of wherein the reacting is conducted for a period from about 30 minutes to 14 days.9. The method of wherein the recovering is by filtration or centrifugation.10. The method of further comprising adding a binder to the poorly crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material.11. The method of wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of aluminas claim 10 , silicas claim 10 , and alumina-silicas.12. The method of further comprising decomposing the transition metal molybdotungstate material by sulfidation to form metal sulfides.14. The process of wherein the conversion process is hydroprocessing.15. The ...

ELECTRODE CATALYST, GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODE-FORMING COMPOSITION, GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODE, MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, AND FUEL CELL STACK

Provided is an electrode catalyst in which the contents of chlorine (Cl) species and bromine (Br) species are reduced to a predetermined level or lower, capable of exhibiting sufficient catalyst performance. The electrode catalyst has a core-shell structure including a support, a core part formed on the support and a shell part formed to cover at least a part of the surface of the core part. A concentration of bromine (Br) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 400 ppm or less, and a concentration of chlorine (Cl) species of the electrode catalyst as measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is 900 ppm or less. 1. An electrode catalyst having a core-shell structure comprising:a support;a core part formed on the support; anda shell part formed to cover at least a part of a surface of the core part,wherein the shell part includes a single-layered structure formed to cover at least a part of the surface of the core part, or a two-layered structure including a first shell part formed to cover at least a part of the surface of the core part, and a second shell part formed to cover at least a part of the surface of the first shell part,wherein in a case of the single-layered shell part, the shell part comprises platinum (Pt), and the core part comprises palladium (Pd), whilst in a case of the two-layered shell part, the first shell part comprises palladium (Pd), and the second shell part comprises platinum (Pt),wherein a concentration of bromine (Br) species measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, is not greater than 400 ppm, andwherein a concentration of chlorine (Cl) species measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, is not greater than 900 ppm.2. The electrode catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of bromine (Br) species is not greater than 300 ppm.3. The electrode catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein the concentration of bromine (Br) species is not greater than 200 ppm ...

TRANSITION METAL PRECURSOR HAVING LOW TAP DENSITY AND LITHIUM TRANSITION METAL OXIDE HAVING HIGH PARTICLE STRENGTH

Disclosed are a transition metal precursor for preparation of a lithium transition metal oxide, in which a ratio of tap density of the precursor to average particle diameter D50 of the precursor satisfies the condition represented by Equation 1 below, and a lithium transition metal oxide prepared using the same. 2. The transition metal precursor according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal precursor comprises at least two transition metals.3. The transition metal precursor according to claim 2 , wherein the at least two transition metals are at least two selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni) claim 2 , cobalt (Co) claim 2 , manganese (Mn) claim 2 , aluminum (Al) claim 2 , copper (Cu) claim 2 , iron (Fe) claim 2 , magnesium (Mg) claim 2 , boron (B) claim 2 , chromium (Cr) claim 2 , and period 2 transition metals.4. The transition metal precursor according to claim 3 , wherein the at least two transition metals comprise two transition metals selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 3 , Co claim 3 , and Mn claim 3 , or all thereof.5. The transition metal precursor according to claim 1 , wherein precursor particles constituting the transition metal precursor are transition metal hydroxide particles.6. The transition metal precursor according to claim 5 , wherein the transition metal hydroxide particles are a compound represented by Formula 2 below:{'br': None, 'sub': 1-x', '2, 'M(OH)\u2003\u2003(2)'}wherein M is at least two selected from Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B, Cr, and period 2 transition metals; and 0≦x≦0.5.7. The transition metal precursor according to claim 6 , wherein M comprises two transition metals selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 6 , Co claim 6 , and Mn claim 6 , or all thereof.8. The transition metal precursor according to claim 1 , wherein the transition metal precursor has an average particle diameter D50 of 1 to 30 μm.10. The lithium transition metal oxide according to claim 9 , wherein the lithium transition ...

COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLE PREPARATION

A method of making stable aqueous dispersions and concentrates of cobalt oxide nanoparticles is described, wherein a reaction mixture comprising cobalt(II) ion, a carboxylic acid, a base, an oxidant and water is formed, and in which cobalt oxide nanoparticles are formed. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles ranging in average crystallite size from about 4 nm to 15 nm are described. The cobalt oxide nanoparticles may be isolated and redispersed to form stable, homogeneous, aqueous dispersions of cobalt oxide nanoparticles containing from about 1 to about 20 weight percent cobalt oxide. 1. A method of making nanoparticles , comprising:a. forming a reaction mixture comprising cobalt(II) ion, a carboxylic acid, a base, an oxidant, and water; andb. forming cobalt oxide nanoparticles in the reaction mixture.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating or cooling said reaction mixture to a temperature in the range of about 0° C. to about 100°.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said carboxylic acid is a water soluble carboxylic acid comprising a C-Calkyl carboxylic acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said water soluble carboxylic acid is acetic acid.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said carboxylic acid is a monoether carboxylic acid or a polyether carboxylic acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said monoether carboxylic acid is methoxyacetic acid claim 5 , ethoxyacetic acid or 3-methoxypropionic acid.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said peroxide is hydrogen peroxide.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding a second portion of an oxidant.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein adding said second portion of an oxidant is provided by a plurality of additions of said oxidant.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said reaction mixture is formed by the sequential steps of:1) adding cobalt(II) ion, a carboxylic acid, and water;2) adjusting the pH of the reaction mixture to alkaline conditions by addition of a base;3) adding an oxidant.11. The method of claim 1 , ...

Nickel oxide micropowder and method for producing same

Disclosed herein are a nickel oxide fine powder that is suitable as a material for electronic parts and has a controlled sulfur content, a low chlorine content, and a fine particle size and a method for industrially and stably producing such a nickel oxide fine powder. Nickel hydroxide obtained by neutralizing an aqueous nickel sulfate solution with an alkali is heat-treated in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature higher than 650° C. but lower than 1050° C. to form nickel oxide particles, and a sintered compact of nickel oxide particles that may be formed during the heat treatment is pulverized by preferably allowing the nickel oxide particles to collide with one another. The thus obtained nickel oxide fine powder has a sulfur content of 400 mass ppm or less, a chlorine content of 50 mass ppm or less, a sodium content of 100 mass ppm or less, and a specific surface area of 3 m 2 /g or more but less than 6 m 2 /g.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METAL CARBONYLS

The invention relates to a process for producing metal carbonyls, wherein a reaction with a reaction mixture containing the following components is conducted in a reactor: 115.-. (canceled)17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reaction is carried out continuously.18. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the metal carbonyl is dicobalt octacarbonyl (Co(CO).19. The process according to claim 18 , wherein the metal carboxylate has the formula CoR.20. The process according to claim 19 , wherein the metal carboxylate is cobalt(II)bis(2-ethyl hexanoate).21. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the alcohol is n-butanol.22. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the solvent has hydrocarbons or consists thereof.23. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 300° C. and/or wherein the reaction is carried out at a pressure ranging from 50 bar to 500 bar.24. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to metal carboxylate used is greater than 3:1.25. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the average dwell time is between 5 minutes and 30 minutes.26. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reaction mixture does not contain one or more of the following components:hydrogen,an additional reaction agent,a metal,an additional metallic salt,additional dicobalt octacarbonyl.27. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the metal carbonyl precipitates out as a solid and is removed claim 16 , and/orwherein the metal carbonyl is washed with at least one hydrocarbon, and a product is obtained having 0.5 to 8 wt % of the hydrocarbon, in relation to the metal carbonyl.28. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the yield is at least 70% in relation to the quantity of the metal used.29. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the space-time yield is greater than 6 claim 16 ,000 kg/md. The invention relates to a process for the ...

POSITIVE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY AND METHOD OF PREPARING SAME

A method of preparing a positive active material for a lithium secondary battery represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 (LiNiCoMnMO) includes: (a) preparing a metal salt aqueous solution including a lithium raw material, a manganese raw material, a nickel raw material, and a cobalt raw material; (b) wet-pulverizing the metal salt aqueous solution using beads having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.30 mm at 2000 to 6000 rpm for 2 to 12 hours to prepare a slurry; (c) adding a carbon source to the slurry; (d) spray-drying the slurry of the step (c) to prepare a mixed powder; and (e) heat-treating the mixed powder. 1. A method of preparing a positive active material for a lithium secondary battery represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 , comprising:(a) preparing a metal salt aqueous solution including a lithium raw material, a manganese raw material, a nickel raw material, and a cobalt raw material;(b) wet-pulverizing the metal salt aqueous solution using beads having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 0.30 mm at 2000 to 6000 rpm for 2 to 12 hours to prepare a slurry;(c) adding a carbon source to the slurry;(d) spray-drying the slurry of the step (c) to prepare a mixed powder; and {'br': None, 'sub': w', 'x', 'y', '1-x-y-z', 'z', '2, 'LiNiCoMnMO\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}, '(e) heat-treating the mixed powderwherein, in the above Chemical Formula 1, 1.2≦w≦1.5, 0 Подробнее

Method for Preparing Positive Electrode Active Material Precursor for Lithium Secondary Battery

A method for preparing a bimodal-type positive electrode active material precursor is provided. The method is capable of not only increasing productivity by preparing positive electrode active material precursors having small diameters and large diameters in a single reactor but also improving packing density per unit volume, a positive electrode active material precursor prepared by the preparation method and having improved packing density, and a positive electrode for a secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same. 1. A method for preparing a bimodal-type positive electrode active material precursor , comprising:step 1 of preparing a first transition metal aqueous solution and a second transition metal aqueous solution;step 2 of adding a first reaction raw material including the first transition metal aqueous solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic aqueous solution to a reactor, and performing a first co-precipitation reaction in the reactor under a primary pH condition to form nuclei of first positive electrode active material precursor particles;step 3 of adjusting an input amount of the first reaction raw material to adjust a pH in the reactor to a secondary pH condition which is in a lower range than the primary pH condition, and growing the first positive electrode active material precursor particles;step 4 of adding a second reaction raw material including the second transition metal aqueous solution, an ammonium cation complex forming agent, and a basic aqueous solution to the reactor containing the first positive electrode active material precursor particles to adjust the pH in the reactor to meet the primary pH condition, and performing a second co-precipitation reaction in the reactor to form nuclei of second positive electrode active material precursor particles; and{'sub': '50', 'step 5 of adjusting an input amount of the second reaction raw material to adjust the pH in the reactor to the secondary pH ...

PROCESS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CRYSTALLIZED METAL SULFATES

A process for generating a metal sulfate that involves crystallizing a metal sulfate from an aqueous solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor with uncrystallized metal sulfate remaining in the mother liquor; separating the crystallized metal sulfate from the mother liquor; basifying a portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to a basic metal salt; and using the basic metal salt upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate. So crystallized, the generated metal sulfate may be battery-grade or electroplating-grade. 1. A process for generating a metal sulfate , the process comprising:crystallizing a metal sulfate from an aqueous solution to form a crystallized metal sulfate in a mother liquor, the mother liquor comprising an uncrystallized metal sulfate;separating the crystallized metal sulfate from the mother liquor;basifying a portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to a basic metal salt; andusing the basic metal salt upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein using the basic metal salt upstream comprises converting the basic metal salt back to the uncrystallized metal sulfate.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein converting the basic metal salt back to the uncrystallized metal sulfate comprises using the basic metal salt as a first neutralizing agent to neutralize acid upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein basifying the portion of the mother liquor to convert the uncrystallized metal sulfate to the basic metal salt further comprises:bleeding the mother liquor and controlling the bleed rate to produce an amount of the basic metal salt that is at least approximately equivalent to an amount of the acid to be neutralized upstream of crystallizing the metal sulfate.5. The process of claim 3 , wherein using the basic metal salt as the first neutralizing agent comprises using the basic metal salt as the first ...

Sustainable Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion with Oxygen Uncoupling and Methods for Their Manufacture

An oxygen carrier (OC) for use in Chemical Looping technology with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) for the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, in which commercial grade metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, and Co oxides and mixtures thereof constitute a primary oxygen carrier component. The oxygen carrier contains, at least, a secondary oxygen carrier component which is comprised by low-value industrial materials which already contain metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni oxides or mixtures thereof. The secondary oxygen carrier component has a minimum oxygen carrying capacity of 1 g of O2 per 100 g material in chemical looping reactions. Methods for the manufacture of the OC are also disclosed.

LITHIUM COMPOUND, NICKEL-BASED CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR PREPARING LITHIUM OXIDE, METHOD FOR PREPARING NICKEL-BASED CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, AND SECONDARY BATTERY USING SAME

The present invention relates to a lithium compound, a nickel-based cathode active material, a method for preparing lithium oxide, a method for preparing a nickel-based cathode active material, and a secondary battery using same. The lithium compound includes primary particles of LiO having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than or equal to 5 μm; and secondary particles composed of the primary particles. 1. A lithium compound , comprising{'sub': '2', 'LiO primary particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than or equal to 5 μm; and'}secondary particles composed of the primary particles.2. The lithium compound of claim 1 , wherein the secondary particle has a spherical shape.3. The lithium compound of claim 1 , wherein the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles is 10 to 100 μm.4. The lithium compound of claim 3 , wherein the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles is 10 to 30 μm.5. A nickel-based cathode active material derived from a lithium compound including primary LiO particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of less than or equal to 5 μm and secondary particles composed of the primary particles; and a nickel raw material.6. The nickel-based cathode active material of claim 5 , wherein the cathode active material is LiNiO claim 5 , and Dmin is greater than or equal to 5 μm.7. The nickel-based cathode active material of claim 6 , wherein the cathode active material comprises a residual lithium compound of less than or equal to 2.5 wt % based on 100 wt % of the total weight.8. A method for preparing lithium oxide claim 6 , comprising{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'reacting hydrogen peroxide (HO) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) to obtain over-lithiated oxide (LiO); and'}{'sub': '2', 'heat-treating the over-lithiated oxide to obtain lithium oxide (LiO),'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'wherein in the reacting of the hydrogen peroxide (HO) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) to obtain a over-lithiated oxide (LiO ...

IRON-BASED OXIDE MAGNETIC PARTICLE POWDER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, COATING MATERIAL, AND MAGNETIC RECORDING MEDIUM

An iron-based oxide magnetic particle powder has a narrow particle size distribution a small content of fine particles that do not contribute to magnetic recording characteristics, and a narrow coercive force distribution, to enhance magnetic recording medium density. Neutralizing an aqueous solution containing a trivalent iron ion and an ion of the metal substituting a part of the Fe sites by adding an alkali to make pH of 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less, adding a hydroxycarboxylic acid, and further neutralizing by adding an alkali to make pH of 8.0 or more and 9.0 or less are performed at 5° C. or more and 25° C. or less. A formed iron oxyhydroxide precipitate containing the substituting metal element is rinsed with water, then coated with silicon oxide, and then heated thereby providing e-type iron-based oxide magnetic particle powder. The rinsed precipitate may be subjected to a hydrothermal treatment. 1. An iron-based oxide magnetic particle powder comprising ε-FeOhaving an average particle diameter measured with a transmission electron microscope of 10 nm or more and 30 nm or less , a part of Fe sites of which is substituted by another metal element , the iron-based oxide magnetic particle powder having a value of I/Idefined below of 0.7 or less and a value of α/εdefined below of 0.1 or less ,{'sub': H', 'L, 'sup': '2', 'wherein Irepresents an intensity of a peak present on a high magnetic field side in a differential B-H curve obtained by numerical differential of a B-H curve obtained by measuring under conditions of an applied magnetic field of 1,035 kA/m (13 kOe), an M measurement range of 0.005 A·m(5 emu), a step bit of 80 bit, a time constant of 0.03 sec, and a wait time of 0.1 sec; and Irepresents an intensity of an intercept of an ordinate at zero magnetic field in the differential B-H curve, and'}{'sub': s', 's, 'αrepresents a maximum value of a diffraction intensity except for background in X-ray diffractometry at 2θ of 27.2° or more and 29.7° or less; ...

Cathode material of lithium cobalt oxide for a lithium ion secondary battery and preparation methods and applications thereof

The invention relates to a cathode material of lithium cobalt oxide for a lithium ion secondary battery and preparation methods and applications thereof. A cathode material comprises a core material and a coating layer, wherein the core material is Li x Co (1−y) A y O (2+z) , wherein 1.0≦x≦1.11, 0≦y≦0.02, −0.2<z<0.2, and A is one or two or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Y, Zr and Ti, wherein the coating layer is Li a M b B c O d , wherein M is a lithium ion active metal element and one or two or more selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Mn and Mo, and B is an inactive element, and one or two or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr and Y, and 0.95<b+c<2.5, and the molar ratio of Li to the active metal element M is 0<a/b<1. The battery prepared by the cathode material has advantages of high capacity, high compacted density and excellent cycling stability etc., under high voltage.

ELECTROCHEMICAL CATALYST STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

The present invention relates to an electrochemical catalyst structure and a method for producing the same. The electrochemical catalyst structure may include a catalyst layer including a perovskite based oxide as an electrochemical oxygen reduction catalyst; and a modifying layer being in contact with the catalyst layer and including a transition metal oxide capable of chemical interaction with a metal of the perovskite based oxide through electron orbital hybridization. 1. An electrochemical catalyst structure comprising:a catalyst layer including a perovskite based oxide as an electrochemical oxygen reduction catalyst; anda modifying layer being in contact with the catalyst layer and including a transition metal oxide capable of chemical interaction with a metal of the perovskite based oxide through an electron orbital hybridization.2. The electrochemical catalyst structure of claim 1 , wherein the perovskite based oxide include a lanthanum manganese oxide (LaMnO) claim 1 , a lanthanum cobalt iron oxide (LaCoFexO) claim 1 , a barium cobalt iron oxide (BaCoFexO) claim 1 , a strontium cobalt oxide (SrCoO) claim 1 , and a doped oxide thereof.3. The electrochemical catalyst structure of claim 2 , wherein the transition metal oxide changes d-band structure which is a valence electron orbital of manganese (Mn) or cobalt (Co).4. The electrochemical catalyst structure of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal oxide chemically interacts with B site transition metal of the perovskite based oxide through the electron orbital hybridization.5. The electrochemical catalyst structure of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal oxide includes at least one oxide of a scandium (Sc) claim 1 , a titanium (Ti) claim 1 , a vanadium (V) claim 1 , a chromium (Cr) claim 1 , a manganese (Mn) claim 1 , an iron (Fe) claim 1 , a cobalt (Co) claim 1 , a nickel (Ni) claim 1 , a copper (Cu) and a zinc (Zn).6. The electrochemical catalyst structure of claim 1 , wherein when the transition metal ...

Method for Preparing Positive Electrode Active Material for Secondary Battery

A method for preparing a positive electrode active material for a secondary battery includes the steps of: providing a positive electrode active material precursor including a core portion and a shell portion, wherein the core portion contains nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), and the shell portion contains cobalt (Co) and surrounds the core portion; and forming a lithium composite transition metal oxide in a single particle form by mixing the positive electrode active material precursor with a lithium raw material to obtain a mixture, and firing the mixture at a temperature of 970° C. or more.

POSITIVE-ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL AND BATTERY

A positive-electrode active material contains a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and contains is represented by the composition formula (1) and an insulating compound, 1. A positive-electrode active material comprising: a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and is represented by the composition formula (1):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'α', 'β, 'LiMeOF\u2003\u2003(1)'} [{'br': None, 'i': 'x≤', '1.7≤2.2'}, {'br': None, 'i': 'y≤', '0.8≤1.3'}, {'br': None, '1≤α≤2.5'}, {'br': None, '0.5≤β≤2; and'}], 'wherein Me denotes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, Bi, Cu, Mg, V, and Cr, and the following conditions are satisfied'}an insulating compound,{'sub': 3', '3', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3', '3', '4', '2', '3', '2', '3', '2, 'wherein the insulating compound is at least one selected from HBO, AlF, AlO, MnO, FeO, CuO, NiO, CoO, EuO, SmO, and CeO.'}2. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of the insulating compound ranges from 0.5% to 5% by mass of the compound.3. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 2 , wherein an amount of the insulating compound ranges from 0.5% to 1% by mass of the compound.4. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating compound covers at least part of a surface of the compound.5. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating compound and at least part of the surface of the compound form a solid solution.6. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying x+y=α+β=3.7. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein the compound is LiMnOF or LiCoOF.8. A battery comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a positive electrode containing the positive- ...

POSITIVE-ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL AND BATTERY

A positive-electrode active material contains a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and that is represented by the composition formula (1): 1. A positive-electrode active material comprising a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and is represented by the composition formula (1):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'z', 'α', 'β, 'LiAMeOF\u2003\u2003(1)'}wherein A denotes Na or K,Me denotes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and Cr, and the following conditions are satisfied.1.7≤x+y≤2.20 Подробнее

POSITIVE-ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL AND BATTERY

A positive-electrode active material containing a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to the space group FM-3M and is represented by the composition formula (1): 1. A positive-electrode active material comprising a compound that has a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM-3M and is represented by the composition formula (1):{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y', 'a, 'LiMeOFβ\u2003\u2003(1)'}wherein Me denotes one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting ofMn, Co, Ni, Fe, and Al, and the following conditions are satisfied.1.3≤x≤2.20.8≤y≤1.31≤α≤2.930.07≤β≤22. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying 0.8≤x+y)/(α+β)≤1.3. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 2 , satisfying 2.5/3 (x+y)/(α+β)≤2.6/3.4. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying 2.83≤{2α+β−(3−y)}/y≤3.50.5. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying 1.5≤(4y −β)/α≤2.2.6. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , wherein Me denotes one element selected from the group consisting of Mn claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , and Fe claim 1 , a solid solution composed of Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , and Mn claim 1 , a solid solution composed of Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , and Al claim 1 , a solid solution composed of Mn and Co claim 1 , or a solid solution composed of Mn and Ni.7. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying 1.79≤x≤2.18.8. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 7 , satisfying 1.89≤x≤2.9. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 1 , satisfying 0.5≤β≤2.10. The positive-electrode active material according to claim 9 , satisfying 0.79≤β≤1.11. A battery comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a positive electrode containing the positive-electrode active material according to ;'}a negative electrode; andan electrolyte.12. The battery according to claim 11 , wherein ...

Positive electrode materials having a superior hardness strength

A powderous positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery has the general formula Li[NiMM′M″]O. M is one or more elements of the group Mn, Zr and Ti. M′ is one or more elements of the group Al, B and Co. M″ is a dopant different from M and M′, and x, a, b and c are expressed in mol with −0.02≤x≤0.02, 0≤c≤0.05, 0.10≤(a+b)≤0.65 and 0≤z≤0.05. The material has an unconstrained cumulative volume particle size distribution value (Γ(D10)), a cumulative volume particle size distribution value after having been pressed at a pressure of 200 MPa (Γ(D10)) and a cumulative volume particle size distribution value after having been pressed at a pressure of 300 MPa (Γ(D10)). When Γ(D10) is compared to Γ(D10), the relative increase in value is less than 100%. When Γ(D10) is compared to Γ(D10), the relative increase in value is less than 120%. 1. A powderous positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery , the material having the general formula Li[NiMM′M″]O;M being either one or more elements of the group Mn, Zr and Ti,M′ being either one or more elements of the group Al, B and Co,M″ being a dopant different from M and M′,x, a, b and c being expressed in mol with −0.02≤x≤0.02, 0≤c≤0.05, 0.10≤(a+b)≤0.65 and 0≤z≤0.05;{'sup': 0', 'P', 'P, 'sub': P=0', 'P=200', 'P=300, 'wherein the material has an unconstrained cumulative volume particle size distribution value (Γ(D10)), a cumulative volume particle size distribution value after having been pressed at a pressure of 200 MPa (Γ(D10)) and a cumulative volume particle size distribution value after having been pressed at a pressure of 300 MPa (Γ(D10)),'}{'sup': P', '0, 'sub': P=200', 'P=0, 'wherein when Γ(D10) is compared to Γ(D10), the relative increase in value is less than 100%,'}{'sup': P', '0, 'sub': P=300', 'P=0, 'wherein when Γ(D10) is compared to Γ(D10), the relative increase in value is less than 120%,'}{'sup': 3+', '3+, 'sub': 'max', 'wherein the material has a molar amount of Ni that equals 1−2a−b, and ...

LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY COMPRISING ELECTROLYTE

The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery. The lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive active material; a negative electrode including a negative active material; and an electrolyte including a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1. The negative active material includes Si at about 0.1 wt % to about 32 wt % in amount based on a total weight of the negative active material. 2. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein in Chemical Formula 1 claim 1 , A is a Cto Chydrocarbon chain or (—CH—O—CH—)n claim 1 , and n is an integer from 1 to 5.4. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the additive is 0.1 wt % to 3 wt % in amount based on a total amount of the electrolyte.5. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the additive is 0.15 wt % to 2 wt % in amount based on a total amount of the electrolyte.6. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the negative active material comprises:i) a core comprising a mixture of crystalline carbon and Si, and an amorphous carbon coating layer surrounding the core; orii) a core comprising crystalline carbon and Si adhered to a surface of the core.7. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the additive further comprises an additional additive selected from fluoroethylene carbonate claim 1 , vinylene carbonate claim 1 , vinyl ethylene carbonate claim 1 , succinonitrile claim 1 , hexane tricyanide claim 1 , lithium tetrafluoroborate claim 1 , and propane sultone.8. The lithium secondary battery of claim 7 , wherein the additional additive is 0.1 wt % to 20 wt % in amount based on a total amount of the electrolyte.9. The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the positive active material comprises a nickel-containing lithium transition metal compound.10. The lithium secondary battery of claim 9 , wherein nickel is about 60 mol % or more in amount based ...

HIGH TAP DENSITY LITHIUM POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL, INTERMEDIATE AND PROCESS OF PREPARATION

A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate comprising less than 80 wt % spinel phase and a net chemical composition of LiNiMnOwherein 0.9≤x≤1.1; 0.4≤y≤0.5; and 0.1≤δ; where the lithium positive electrode active material intermediate has been heat treated in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1200° C. A process for the preparation of a lithium positive electrode active material with high tap density for a high voltage secondary battery where the cathode is fully or partially operated above 4.4 V vs. Li/Li+, comprising the steps of a) heating a precursor in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1200° C. to obtain a lithium positive electrode active material intermediate; b) heating the product of step a. in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1200° C. 1. A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate comprising less than 80 wt % spinel phase and having a net chemical composition of LiNiMnO wherein:0≤x≤1.1;0.4≤y≤0.5;0.1≤δ;and has been heat treated in a reducing atmosphere to a temperature of between 300° C. and 1200° C.2. A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate according to claim 1 , wherein 0.9≤x≤1.1 in the chemical composition LiNiMnO.3. A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate according to claim 1 , wherein the tap density of the intermediate is equal to or greater than 1.8 g cm.4. A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate according to claim 1 , where said intermediate has been produced from two or more starting materials and where said starting materials have been partly or fully decomposed by heat treatment.5. A lithium positive electrode active material intermediate according to claim 1 , further comprising up to 2 mol % of one or more other elements than Li claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Mn and O.6. A process for the preparation of a lithium positive electrode active material for a high voltage secondary battery claim 1 , ...

CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL USED FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY

Provided are a cathode active material used for a lithium ion secondary battery having a high discharge capacity, and a small increase in internal resistance caused following charge/discharge cycles; a method for producing the same; and a lithium ion secondary battery. The cathode active material has a layered structure assigned to a space group of R-3m represented by the formula: LiM1O (where M1 represents metal elements other than Li containing at least Ni, −0.05≤a≤0.15, −0.1≤α≤0.1). A content of Ni is 70 atom % or more, and a generating amount of oxygen gas in the range from 200° C. to 450° C. is 30 mass ppm or less. The method comprises the steps of grinding and mixing a lithium raw material, and firing the resultant mixture in the range of 650° C. or more and 900° C. or less. 2. The cathode active material used for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material is represented by the following formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1+a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', '2+α, 'LiNiMnCOM2O'}(where M2 represents metal elements other than Li, Ni, Mn, and Co; −0.05≤a≤0.15, 0.7≤b≤1.0, 0≤c≤0.3, 0 Подробнее

Positive-electrode active material precursor for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, positive-electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, method for manufacturing positive-electrode active material precursor for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and method for manufacturing positive-electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

A positive-electrode active material precursor for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is provided that includes a nickel-cobalt-manganese carbonate composite represented by general formula NixCoyMnzMtCO3 (where x+y+z+t=1, 0.05≤x≤0.3, 0.1≤y≤0.4, 0.55≤z≤0.8, 0≤t≤0.1, and M denotes at least one additional element selected from a group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, and W) and a hydrogen-containing functional group, wherein H/Me representing the ratio of the amount of hydrogen to the amount of metal components Me included in the positive-electrode active material precursor is greater than or equal to 1.60.

Positive-electrode active material containing lithium composite oxide, and battery including the same

A positive-electrode active material contains a lithium composite oxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, bromine, and iodine. The crystal structure of the lithium composite oxide belongs to the space group R-3m. The integrated intensity ratio I (003) /I (104) of a peak intensity I (003) on the (003) plane to a peak intensity I (104) on the (104) plane in an XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide satisfies 0.62≤I (003) /I (104) ≤0.90.

PRECURSOR AND METHOD FOR PREPARING Ni BASED CATHODE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM ION BATTERIES

A crystalline precursor compound for manufacturing a lithium transition metal based oxide powder usable as an active positive electrode material in lithium-ion batteries, the precursor having a general formula Li((Ni(NiMn)Co)A)O, wherein x+y+z=1, 0.1≤x≤0.4, 0.25≤z≤0.52, A is a dopant, 0≤k≤0.1, and 0.03≤a≤0.35, wherein the precursor has a crystalline size L expressed in nm, with 15≤L≤36. Also a method is described for manufacturing a positive electrode material having a general formula Li′M′−O, with M′=(Ni(NiMn)CO)A, wherein x+y+z=1. 0.1≤x≤0.4, 0.25≤z≤0.52, A is a dopant, 0≤k≤0.1, and 0.01≤a′≤0.10, by sintering the lithium deficient precursor powder mixed with either one of LiOH, LiOH.HO, in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature between 800 and 1000° C., for a time between 6 and 36 hrs. 120-. (canceled)21. A crystalline precursor compound for manufacturing a lithium transition metal based oxide powder usable as an active positive electrode material in lithium-ion batteries , the precursor having a general formula Li((Ni(NiMn)Co)A)O , wherein x+y+z=1 , 0.1≤x≤0.4 , 0.25≤z≤0.52 , A is a dopant , 0≤k≤0.1 , and 0.03≤a≤0.35 , wherein the precursor has a crystalline size L expressed in nm , with 15≤L≤36.22. The crystalline precursor compound of claim 21 , having a LiCOcontent <0.4wt %.23. The crystalline precursor compound of claim 21 , wherein 0.35≤z≤0.50 and 0.05≤a≤0.30.24. The crystalline precursor compound of claim 21 , wherein the precursor has an integrated intensity ratio I003/I104<1 claim 21 , wherein I003 and I104 are the peak intensities of the Bragg peaks (003) and (104) of the XRD pattern of the crystalline precursor compound.25. The crystalline precursor compound of claim 21 , wherein the precursor has an integrated intensity ratio I003/I104<0.9.26. The crystalline precursor compound of claim 21 , wherein the precursor has a ratio R of the intensities of the combined Bragg peak (006 claim 21 , 102) and the Bragg peak (101) with R=((I006+I102/I101) and 0.5 Подробнее

Ternary Positive Electrode Material, And Lithium Ion Battery

The present disclosure relates to a ternary positive electrode material and a battery using the ternary positive electrode material. The ternary positive electrode material includes secondary particles composed of primary particles. The secondary particles have an average particle diameter D50 of 6 μm-20 μm, BET of 0.2 m/g-1 m/g, and the number σ of primary particles per unit area of the secondary particles is 5 particles/μm-100 particles/μm. The ternary positive electrode material has a formula of Li[NiCoMnM1M2]ON, where element M1 and element M2 are each independently selected from at least one of Al, Zr, Ti, Mg, Zn, B, Ca, Ce, Te and Fe, element N is selected from at least one of F, Cl and S, and 0 Подробнее

Lithium-manganese composite oxide and method for producing same, and positive electrode material, positive electrode and lithium ion secondary battery using same

A lithium-manganese composite oxide containing a lithium-iron-manganese composite oxide represented by the composition formula: Li 1+x−w (Fe y Ni z Mn 1−y−z ) 1−x O 2−δ , where 0<x<⅓, 0≤w<0.8, 0<y<1, 0<z<0.5, y+z<1, and 0≤δ<0.5, in which at least in a state of charge of a lithium ion battery using the lithium-manganese composite oxide as a positive-electrode active material, at least some of iron atoms are pentavalent.

PRECURSORS FOR CATHODE MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED SECONDARY BATTERY PERFORMANCE AND METHOD TO PREPARE THE PRECURSORS

A crystalline precursor compound for manufacturing a lithium transition metal based oxide powder usable as an active positive electrode material in lithium-ion batteries, the precursor having a general formula M(O)(OH)(CO), with 030.10cm/g. 116-. (canceled)17. A crystalline precursor compound for manufacturing a lithium transition metal based oxide powder usable as an active positive electrode material in lithium-ion batteries , the precursor having a general formula M(O)(OH)(CO) , with 0≤x≤1 , 0 Подробнее

TRANSITION METAL COMPOSITE HYDROXIDE PARTICLES AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF, AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Provided is a cathode active material that can simultaneously improve the capacity characteristics, output characteristics, and cycling characteristics of a rechargeable battery when used as cathode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery. After performing nucleation by controlling an aqueous solution for nucleation that includes a metal compound that includes at least a transition metal and an ammonium ion donor so that the pH value becomes 12.0 to 14.0 (nucleation process), nuclei are caused to grow by controlling aqueous solution for particle growth that includes the nuclei so that the pH value is less than in the nucleation process and is 10.5 to 12.0 (particle growth process). When doing this, the reaction atmosphere in the nucleation process and at the beginning of the particle growth process is a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and in the particle growth process, atmosphere control by which the reaction atmosphere is switched from this non-oxidizing atmosphere to an oxidizing atmosphere, and is then switched again to a non-oxidizing atmosphere is performed at least one time. Cathode active material is obtained with the composite hydroxide particles that are obtained by this kind of crystallization reaction as a precursor. 1. A production method for producing transition metal composite hydroxide particles by a crystallization reaction to be a precursor for a cathode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery , comprising:a nucleation process for performing nucleation by controlling an aqueous solution for nucleation that includes a metal compound that includes at least a transition metal and an ammonium ion donor so that the pH value at a standard liquid temperature of 25° C. becomes 12.0 to 14.0; anda particle growth process for causing nuclei to grow by controlling an aqueous solution for particle growth that includes the nuclei that were obtained in the nucleation process so that the pH value is less than in the ...

Solid solution lithium-containing transition metal oxide and lithium ion secondary battery

A solid solution lithium-containing transition metal oxide includes a compound represented by chemical formula (1): Li 1.5 [Ni a Co b Mn c [Li] d ]O 3 , where a, b, c and d satisfy relationships: 0<a≦0.75, 0≦b≦0.5, 0<c≦1.0, 0.05≦d≦0.25, and a+b+c+d=1.5. A dQ/dV curve obtained in such a manner as to differentiate an open circuit voltage curve on a discharge side obtained by charging and discharging a lithium ion secondary battery using the compound as a positive electrode active material, fulfills math formula (1): A/B≦1.0 (where A represents a dQ/dV value at peak A located in a range from 3.0 V to 3.5 V in the dQ/dV curve, and B represents a dQ/dV value at peak B located in a range from 3.5 V to 4.0 V in the dQ/dV curve).

ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ACTIVE MATERIAL, ELECTRODE FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY, AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY

An active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a lithium transition metal composite oxide which has an α-NaFeO-type crystal structure, is represented by the compositional formula LiMeO(Me is a transition metal element containing Mn, Ni and Co; and 0<α<1) and satisfies the requirement of 1.250≦(1+α)/(1−α)≦1.425. The half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=18.6°±1° is 0.20° to 0.27° and/or the half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=44.1°±1° is 0.26° to 0.39° in X-ray diffraction measurement using a CuKα radiation. The lithium transition metal composite oxide is observed as a single phase indexed a hexagonal crystal (space group R3-m) on the X-ray diffraction patterns when electrochemically oxidized to a potential of 5.0 V (vs. Li/Li). 1. An active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery , the active material comprising a lithium transition metal composite oxide which has an α-NaFeO-type crystal structure , is represented by a compositional formula LiMeO(Me is a transition metal element containing Mn , Ni and Co; and 0<α<1) and satisfies a requirement of 1.250≦(1+α)/(1−α)≦1.425 ,{'sup': '+', 'wherein a half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=18.6°±1° is 0.20° to 0.27° and/or a half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=44.1°±1° is 0.26° to 0.39° on X-ray diffraction patterns using a CuKα radiation, and the lithium transition metal composite oxide is observed as a single phase indexed a hexagonal crystal (space group R3-m) on the X-ray diffraction patterns when electrochemically oxidized to a potential of 5.0 V (vs. Li/Li).'}2. The active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=18.6°±1° is 0.208° to 0.247° and/or the half-width of a diffraction peak at 2θ=44.1°±1° is 0.266° to 0.335° on X-ray diffraction patterns using a CuKα radiation.3. The active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 2 , wherein the 50% ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION OF REACTION VESSELS

Provided are methods for preparing and using reaction vessels obtained or obtainable by 3D-printin methods, including a method for preparing a product compound, the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing a reaction vessel that is obtained by a 3-D printing method, wherein the reaction vessel has a reaction space; (ii) providing one or more reagents, optionally together with a catalyst or a solvent, for use in the synthesis of the product compound; and (iii) permitting the one or more reagents to react in the reaction space, optionally in the presence of the catalyst and the solvent, in the reaction vessel, thereby to form the product compound. 1. A method for preparing a product compound , the method comprising the steps of:(i) providing a reaction vessel that is obtained by a 3-D printing method, wherein the reaction vessel has a reaction space;(ii) providing one or more reagents, optionally together with a catalyst or a solvent, for use in the synthesis of the product compound; and(iii) permitting the one or more reagents to react in the reaction space, optionally in the presence of the catalyst and the solvent, in the reaction vessel, thereby to form the product compound.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein one of the one or more reagents claim 1 , or the catalyst or the solvent where present claim 1 , is delivered to the reaction vessel by a 3-D printer.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein one of the one or more reagents is delivered to the reaction vessel by the 3-D printer.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a wall of the reaction vessel comprises a reagent or catalyst for use in the preparation of the product compound claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the reagent or catalyst is available for reaction at the reaction space.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction vessel is provided with a fluid channel in communication with the reaction space claim 1 , wherein the fluid channel is suitable for removal of reaction ...

METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NANOCOMPOSITES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES

Presented here are nanocomposites and rechargeable batteries. In certain embodiments, nanocomposites a nanocomposite is resistant to thermal runaway, and useful as an electrode material in rechargeable batteries that are safe, reliable, and stable when operated at high temperature and high pressure. The present disclosure also provides methods of preparing rechargeable batteries. For example, rechargeable batteries that include nanocomposites of the present disclosure as an electrode material have, in some embodiments, an enhanced performance and stability over a broad temperature range from room temperature to high temperatures. These batteries fill an important need by providing a safe and reliable power source for devices operated at high temperatures and pressures such as downhole equipment used in the oil industry. 1. A method of preparing a nanoparticle/graphene/boron nitride (BN) nanocomposite , the method comprising steps of:ball-milling a mixture comprising a metal salt, graphene, and boron nitride; andcalcinating the mixture.2. (canceled)3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal salt is a cobalt salt.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal salt is selected from the group consisting of cobalt (II) halide claim 1 , cobalt (II) acetate claim 1 , cobalt (II) hydroxide claim 1 , cobalt (II) sulfate claim 1 , cobalt (II) nitrate claim 1 , and hydrates thereof.58-. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of calcinating the mixture comprises heating the mixture in an oven claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the oven is increased to a temperature in the range of 325 to 375° C. and subsequently held at that temperature for at least 1 hour.10. (canceled)11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the temperature of the oven is increased to a temperature in the range of 345 to 355° C. at a rate of 3 to 15° C./min and subsequently held at that temperature for 1 to 10 hours.12. (canceled)13. A nanoparticle/graphene/boron nitride (BN) ...

Positive electrode active material for non-aqueous secondary battery and non-aqueous lithium secondary battery

A lithium secondary battery ( 10 ) includes a positive electrode active material of lithium transition metal oxide which contains at least a nickel element and a manganese element as transition metals and for which, with respect to a diffraction peak A located at a diffraction angle 20 of 17° to 20° and a diffraction peak B located at a diffraction angle 2Θ of 43° to 46° from X-ray diffraction measurements, when the integrated intensity ratio is R 1 =I A /I B , the peak intensity ratio is R H =H A /H B , and the ratio between the integrated intensity ratio R 1 and the peak intensity ratio R H is S F =R H /R 1 >> the S F satisfies 1.1≦SF≦2.2.

POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERY, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR AND RECHARGEABLE LITHUM BATTERY COMPRISING SAME

The present invention provides a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery comprising secondary particles in which primary particles represented by Chemical Formula 1 below are aggregated, wherein the average particle size (D50) of the secondary particles is 2.5 μm or more and 7 μm or less, and the average value of the sphericity coefficient, which is the ratio (l/w) of the long axis length (l) to the short axis length (w) of the secondary particles, is 1.0 to 1.25. 1. A cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery comprisingsecondary particles in which primary particles represented by Chemical Formula 1 below are aggregated,wherein the average particle size (D50) of the secondary particles is 2.5 μm or more and 7 μm or less, and {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'x', 'y', '(1−x−y)', '2, 'LiNiCoMnO\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}, 'an average value of the sphericity coefficient, which is the ratio (1/w) of the long axis length (l) to the short axis length (w) of the secondary particles, is 1.0 to 1.25in the Chemical Formula 1, 0.80≤a≤1.20, 0.33≤x≤0.90, 0≤y≤0.33, and 0 Подробнее