СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ОКИСЛЕННЫХ ЛИГНИНОВ

Изобретение относится к применению окисленных лигнинов в качестве компонента в композиции связующего, такой как водная композиция связующего для минеральных волокон. Применение окисленного лигнина, полученного способом получения окисленных лигнинов, включает приведение в контакт компонента (i), включающего один или несколько лигнинов, компонента (ii), включающего аммиак и/или его соль, компонента (iii), включающего один или несколько окислителей в форме пероксида водорода, органических или неорганических пероксидов, молекулярного кислорода, озона, галогенсодержащих окислителей или их любой смеси, в качестве компонента в водной композиции связующего для минеральных волокон. Технический результат изобретения заключается в получении дериватизированных лигнинов заявленным способом, которые имеют желательную реактивность и в то же время являются более огнестойкими при использовании в продуктах, в которые они входят в композиции связующего по сравнению с недериватизированными лигнинами, а также ...

АЛЬДЕГИД-ФУНКЦИОНАЛИЗИРОВАННЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРЫ С УЛУЧШЕННОЙ СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬЮ

Настоящее относится к композициям альдегид-функционализированных полимеров, стабилизированных неорганическими солями, органическими добавками или их комбинациями, к способу увеличения срока хранения композиции. Стабилизирующие добавки могут добавляться к альдегид-функционализированным полимерам до образования стабилизированной альдегид-функционализированной полимерной композиции на любой стадии реакции функционализации. Композиция содержит один или более альдегид-функционализированных полимеров со средневесовой молекулярной массой по крайней мере приблизительно 50000 г/моль. По крайней мере одна стабилизирующая добавка содержит в качестве неорганической соли соли щелочных, щелочноземельных металлов, их гидратов и любую комбинацию из них. В качестве органической добавки стабилизирующая добавка может содержать диолы, триолы, полиолы, глицерин, этиленгликоль, сахариды, мочевину и любую комбинацию из них. Также описан способ получения материала, имеющего целлюлозные волокна, и использование ...

Теплоизоляционный материал

Изобретение относится к производству теплоизоляционных материалов в виде матов, а именно сырьевой смеси, предназначенных для строительства, в частности для многослойных стеновых вертикальных и горизонтальных панелей, и для теплоизоляции различных сооружений. Теплоизоляционный материал на основе измельченной бумажной макулатуры, борной кислоты и буры в качестве связующего содержит синтепоновое волокно со средней длиной волокон 10-15 мм. Термообработка производится при температуре 210°С и продолжительности 10 мин.Изобретение решает задачу создания транспортабельного теплоизоляционного материала в виде матов на основе измельченной макулатуры, экологически чистого, имеющего низкую усадку, биостойкого, обладающего повышенной прочностью, гигроскопичностью, огнестойкостью, паропроницаемостью и возможностью использования на горизонтальных, вертикальных и наклонных поверхностях. 1 табл., 3 пр.

ПРОЗРАЧНАЯ ДРЕВЕСИНА И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к деревообрабатывающей промышленности, в частности к получению прозрачной древесины. Прозрачная древесина содержит древесный субстрат и по меньшей мере один полимер. Прозрачная древесина имеет оптический коэффициент пропускания по меньшей мере 60% при длине волны в электромагнитном спектре в диапазоне от 400 до 1000 нм. Древесный субстрат содержит более чем 15% лигнина, измеренного как лигнин Класона. В древесный субстрат добавляют отбеливающую жидкость для того, чтобы инактивировать хромофоры в древесном субстрате. Пропитывают отбеленный древесный субстрат раствором, содержащим преполимеры или мономеры или их комбинации. Выполняют полимеризацию пропитывающих преполимеров или мономеров или их комбинации с получением прозрачной древесины. Повышается коэффициент пропускания и экологическая безопасность получения прозрачной древесины. 3 н. и 10 з.п. ф-лы, 6 ил., 2 табл.

Композиции материалов биомассы для переработки

Изобретение относится к композиции, содержащей лигнин. Композиция, содержащая лигнин для получения топлива или добавок для топлива, содержит лигнин, растворитель и жидкость-носитель, где лигнин составляет по меньшей мере 4 вес.% композиции, и где лигнин характеризуется средневесовым молекулярным весом не более 5000 г/моль, и где растворитель представляет собой спирт, простой эфир или органический сложный эфир, сульфоксид, кетон, альдегид или их комбинацию, или растворитель содержит диметилсульфоксид, пиридин, THF, 1,4-диоксан, фурфурол, дипропиленгликоль, полиэтиленгликоль или 1,3-пропандиол или их комбинацию; и где жидкость-носитель представляет собой смесь углеводородного масла и жирной кислоты, где углеводородное масло представляет собой газойль. Заявлены также способ получения композиции и ее применение. Технический результат – получение композиции для получения топлива или добавок в топливо менее сложным способом. 3 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 250 пр.

Способ получения композиционного материала из коры березы

Изобретение относится к деревообрабатывающей промышленности, в частности к производству композиционных материалов из измельченного древесного сырья. Выполняют сушку и измельчение коры березы, отделение пробкового слоя от общей массы коры и его сушку, формирование смеси композита в виде ковра из бересты и связующего, горячее прессование. В качестве древесного наполнителя используют измельченную бересту в количестве от 70 до 89,99 мас.%, с содержанием влаги от 6 до 16 мас.%, и размерами частиц от 150 до 3000 мкм, в качестве связующего используют гидролизованный суберин в количестве от 5 до 30 мас.%. Горячее прессование сформированного ковра проводят при температуре 135-145°С и давлении от 10 до 15 МПа с последующим извлечением композиционного материала и выдержкой в течение 24 часов при температуре воздуха 20±3°С. Улучшаются тепло- и звукоизоляционные свойства полученного материала. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл.

Способ получения деметилированных лигносульфонатов

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу получения деметилированных лигносульфонатов путем проведения реакции деметилирования. Данный способ включает предварительную обработку водного раствора нейтрального лигносульфоната бромпроизводным HBr до рН 4-4,5 при перемешивании в течение 25-30 минут и подогреве до 30-40°С. Далее раствор фильтруют и к фильтрату добавляют сухой реактивный сульфит натрия Na2SO3до рН 6-6,5 при перемешивании и подогреве до 75-80°С в течение 1-1,5 часов. При этом на одну часть лигносульфоната берут 0,2-0,4 части HBr и 2,5-3,5 части Na2SO3, а степень деметилирования определяют по количественному образованию метанола. Технический результат - увеличение содержания ОН-фенольных групп в составе макромолекулы лигносульфоната за счет реакции деметилирования. 2 табл., 3 пр.

Способ и устройство для разделения фракции частиц лигноцеллюлозы и фракции частиц лигнина, композиция частиц лигнина, композиция частиц лигноцеллюлозы и их применение

КОМПОЗИЦИИ, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЕ ЛИГНИН

... 1. Композиция, включающая:лигнин; исуммарно меньше, чем приблизительно 2000 мг элементов на кг указанного лигнина;где указанные элементы представляют собой Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb^Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, и Zn.2. Композиция по п. 1, где указанный лигнин имеет измеренную в соответствии со стандартами ASTM-D240 и D5865a теплоту сгорания, по меньшей мере, приблизительно 5000 БТЕ/фунт.3. Композиция по п. 1, где указанный лигнин имеет средний размер частиц меньше, чем приблизительно 500 мкм.4. Композиция по п. 1, где указанный лигнин имеет объемная плотность меньше, чем приблизительно 0,35 г/см.5. Композиция по п. 1, где указанный лигнин получают из лигноцеллюлозной биомассы, необязательно используя экстракцию с помощью сверхкритической, докритической, или околокритической жидкости, или их комбинации.6. Композиция по п. 1, где указанная композиция практически не содержит органического растворителя.7. Композиция по п. 1, где указанный ...

ПРОЗРАЧНАЯ ДРЕВЕСИНА И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Конструкционный материал

Molded article with wood surface, useful in framework, comprises a thermoplastic polymer, cellulose and/or lignocellulose fabric, adhesive agent and a coloring agent

Molded article (A) with wood surface comprises a thermoplastic polymer, cellulose and/or lignocellulose fabric, adhesive agent and coloring agent, where (A) is obtained by molding a polymer mixture by extruding process, brushing at least one surface of (A) under partial erosion and sealing the brushed surface by a thermal-hard surface coating and/or radiate-hard surface coating. An independent claim is included for a framework comprising (A), where the framework is obtained by connecting the ends of the molded article compounds.

Wasserhaltige Zellulosefasern enthaltendes Klebe- und Bindemittel auf der Basis von waessrigen Kunstharzdispersionen oder -loesungen

Abfederung fuer Kraftfahrzeuge

A method of manufacturing a product using a binder

A method of manufacturing a product comprises the steps of: i) Providing a collection of non-woven materials in the form of loose matter; ii) Treating the collection of loose matter with a substantially formaldehyde free binder solution having a pH of greater than 6 comprising: a carbohydrate, an acid precursor derivable from an inorganic salt which makes up at least 5% by dry weight of the uncured binder solution, a source of nitrogen and water; iii) Arranging the collection of loose matter treated with the binder solution in the form of a substrate; and iv) Curing the binder by applying a source of energy to the substrate. The product may be a mineral fibre insulation product. The carbohydrate may be dextrose; the acid precursor may be ammonium sulphate.

Modified phenol-aldehyde resins and binder system

Process for obtaining vulcanised rubber goods and materials containing substances which are adversely affected by gertain vulcanising processes

... 160,499. Peachey, S. J., and Skipsey, A. Nov. 24, 1919. Plastic compositions containing india-rubber; vulcanizing by cold methods.-Mixtures of indiarubber with lake pigments or fillers, such as sawdust, leather waste, cork dust, wool waste, &c., which are injured by known vulcanization processes, are vulcanized in the cold by alternate treatment with sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, as described in Specification 129,826.

Novel rubber compositions

Synthetic rubber is reinforced, or the ageing thereof is reduced by adding humic acid preferably in a proportion of 1 to 110 per cent. based on the weight of the rubber. The humic acid is preferably prepared by treating naturally oxidized "weathered" outcast coal with caustic soda and then acidifying the resulting extract; soil, peat, carbohydrates and phenols may also be used as the starting material. The humic acid may be added to the solid rubber, or to an aqueous dispersion which is subsequently coagulated, the coagulum frozen and then thawed or dispersed in ammonia or an amine such as pyridine, piperidine or morpholine. Fillers such as carbon black, silica flour, treated clays, sulphur, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and whiting may also be added. The synthetic rubbers may be polychloroprene, or a copolymer of butadiene, methyl-butadiene or 1, 4-dimethylbutadiene with styrene, methyl methacrylate, or acrylonitrile. In examples (6), (7) and (8) a butadienestyrene latex and sodium humate ...

Hardwood lignosulfonates for seperating gangue materials from metallic sulphide ores

Hardwood lignosulfonates for seperating gangue materials from metallic sulphide ores

Hardwood lignosulfonates for seperating gangue materials from metallic sulphide ores

Hardwood lignosulfonates for seperating gangue materials from metallic sulphide ores

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A MODIFIED PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN IN PARTICLE FORM

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES MODIFIZIERTEN PHENOL-FORMALDEHYD-HARZES IN TEILCHENFORM

MOLDED ARTICLE

PROCEDURE FOR THE ACYLATION OF AN IN PARTICULAR CELLULOSE AND/OR HEMICELLULOSE AND/OR LIGNIN OF EXHIBITING MATERIAL AND THUS AVAILABLE MATERIAL

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MOLDED ARTICLES

BONDING AGENT ON THE BASIS OF LIGNIN AND SYNTHETIC RESINS

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF AN ACRYLATE RESIN POWDER

BINDING LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS

Polymeric synthetic fibres doped with lignin, method for obtaining same and use for making textile products

Applied to the textile manufacturing field, the present invention provides polymeric synthetic fibre compositions containing 0.25% to 4.00% lignin originating from the Kraft process, which are incorporated into the polymer by means of an extrusion process following the spinning process, through the use of a twin-screw extruder coupled to a spinneret. The fibres obtained are used in the production of textiles with anti-UV properties due to the presence of lignin, having greater strength, tear resistance and antioxidant activity of the fabric.

Hardwood lignosulfonates for separating gangue materials from metallic sulfide ores

Biodegradable foam for sheet, process for producing the same, biodegradable molding from the foam and process for producing the same

BIOLOGICALLY DEGRADABLE COMBINATION FILM AND METHOD OF PREPARATION THE SAME

Thermoplastic Starch Composition Derives From Agricultural Waste

A thermoplastic starch composition acquired from compounding a mixture comprises starch containing agricultural waste in 45 to 70% by weight of total composition that the agricultural waste contains starch content less than 50% in dry weight; thermoplastic synthetic polymer in 5 25 to 50% by weight of total composition; plasticizer in 1 to 10% by weight of total composition; and coupling agent in 1 to 5% by weight of total composition; wherein the compounding is performed at a first temperature which is higher than room temperature.

Absorbent hot melt adhesive

HARDWOOD LIGNOSULFONATES FOR SEPARATING GANGUE MATERIALS FROM METALLIC SULFIDE ORES

Disclosed are compositions and methods for separating gangue material from metallic sulfide ores. The compositions typically include a lignosulfonate and do not include a cyanide salt. Suitable lignosulfonates may include lignosulfonates, for example hardwood lignosulfonate having a weight average molecular weight of about 3 kDa to about 12 kDa and having a relatively low sulfur content and a relatively low sulfonate content.

MOLDED ARTICLE

A longitudinally extending cellular body of a polyolefin is disclosed. The body has at least one wall which extends at least substantially the longitudinal length of the body, and encloses a central cavity which also extends at least a substantial portion of the longitudinal length of said body. An exterior surface of the body is smooth to the touch. The cellular body is produced by fluid assisted injection molding of a composite mix with nitrogen preferred as the fluid. The composite mix contains wood flour.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A RESIN

The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of lignin and the use of said suspension in the preparation of a resin.

GRAPHENE OXIDE ANTI-MICROBIAL ELEMENT

Described herein is a graphene material and polymer-based anti-microbial element that provides anti-microbial capabilities. Described is an element that can also comprise a support. Also described is an element where the support can be the article to be protected from microbial buildup. Also described are methods for preventing microbial fouling by applying the aforementioned anti-microbial elements and related devices.

BLENDING LIGNIN WITH THERMOPLASTICS AND A COUPLING AGENT OR COMPATIBILIZER

A composition is provided in one example embodiment and includes a modified lignin, a thermoplastic, and a compatibilizer. The modified lignin may be between about 5% to about 50% by weight of the composition. Also, the modified lignin may be a Hydroxypropyl Lignin (HPL). In an example, the thermoplastic can include a High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). In another example, the thermoplastic can include a Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). In yet another example, the thermoplastic can include a Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE). The compatibilizer may be a Maleic Anhydride grafted Polyethylene Blend (MAh-g-PE).

BIO-OIL FORMULATION AS AN ASPHALT SUBSTITUTE

A bio-oil formulation, useful as an asphalt binder substitute in pavement and roofing shingles, includes bio-oil and a polymer additive. The bio-oil binder can include an asphalt additive. The bio-oil binder can be emulsified with water and a surfactant for use as a weatherproofing sealant or as an adhesive, A method for making the bio-oil binder is disclosed.

METHOD OF PRODUCING SUGARS USING A COMBINATION OF ACIDS TO SELECTIVELY HYDROLYZE HEMICELLULOSIC AND CELLULOSIC MATERIALS

A method is provided for producing sugars using a combination of acids to hydrolyze hemicellulosic and cellulosic materials in biomass, said combination of acids namely comprising a first, weak organic acid (such as acetic acid or formic acid) for providing a pentose product or stream from hydrolyzing hemicellulosic materials in the biomass on a batchwise, semi-continuous or continuous basis, and a second, strong mineral acid (such as sulfuric acid) for providing a hexose product or stream from hydrolyzing cellulosic materials in the biomass.

BINDER COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

The present disclosure provides a binder composition comprising a diisocyanate and a derivative of native lignin. The derivative of native lignin is treated such that it is characterized by the aliphatic hydroxy content. The binder may be used in an adhesive system comprising: a. a resin comprising at least about 30% by weight of phenol-formaldehyde resin and at least about 30% by weight of derivative of native lignin; and b. an isocyanate based binder.

THERMOPLASTIC STARCH COMPOSITION DERIVES FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE

A thermoplastic starch composition acquired from compounding a mixture comprises starch-containing agricultural waste in 45 to 70% by weight of total composition that the agricultural waste contains starch content less than 50% in dry weight; thermoplastic synthetic polymer in 25 to 50% by weight of total composition; plasticizer in 1 to 10% by weight of total composition; and coupling agent in 1 to 5% by weight of total composition; wherein the compounding is performed at a first temperature which is higher than room temperature.

Plastische Masse.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern ohne Bindemittel.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauelementen.

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Leichtbaustoffes.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formstücken aus zellulosehaltigem Material und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Formstücke.

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Baustoffes.

Verfahren zum Erzeugen lipophiler Oberflächen auf kleinteiligen festen Stoffen

Insektizides Mittel mit erhöhter Restaktivität

Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserlöslichen Kondensationsprodukten aus Eiweissstoffen und Ligninsulfonsäure

Use of the stems of papyrus for the manufacture of agglomerated materials

Process allowing to make lipophilic the surface of substances solid finely divided, by means of organo-chlorosilanes

Improvements with the plastics and their manufactoring processes

Moulded objects and their manufactoring process

Improvements with the processes and the matters being used to cover with the walls

FLAMEPROOFING MATERIALS AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME

New application of polystyrene for the manufacture of the paste of wood, cements and coatings for wood

BINDER COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR BINDING FIBROUS MATERIAL USING SAME

The present invention relates to a binder composition comprising an aromatic natural polymer, and to a method for binding a fibrous material by using the same. The binder composition comprises: at least one reducing sugar; at least one amino acid; at least one aromatic natural polymer compound; and at least one multi-functional aldehyde. The binder composition is environment-friendly, and has improved reliability and durability. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 ...

Proceso para mejorar las propiedades reológicas de una dispersión acuosa

Kompositioner av biomassamaterial för raffinering

Ligninkomposition med esterfierade fettsyror

Multilayer film comprising highly refined cellulose fibers

BINDER COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

The present disclosure provides a binder composition comprising a diisocyanate and a derivative of native lignin. The derivative of native lignin is treated such that it is characterized by the aliphatic hydroxy content. The binder may be used in an adhesive system comprising: a. a resin comprising at least about 30% by weight of phenol-formaldehyde resin and at least about 30% by weight of derivative of native lignin; and b. an isocyanate based binder.

FINELY CUT PAPER PRODUCT FOR USE IN MIXING WITH RESIN, ECOLOGICALLY SOUND RESIN COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME, AND ECOLOGICALLY SOUND MOLDED RESIN ARTICLE USING THE COMPOSITION

An object of the invention is to provide a finely cut paper product exhibiting a good workability in the production of a paper-resin composition comprising a mixture of a resin and a natural fiber, and improve the fluidity of an ecologically sound paper-resin composition using the finely cut paper product, so as to improve the moldability thereof when the composition is subjected to a working such as injection molding. An other object thereof is to restrain the generation of yellowing or the generation of an odor. The finely cut paper product for use in mixing with resin according to the invention is obtained by pulverizing neutral or alkaline pigment-free coated paper which comprises 70 to 100% by mass of hardwood bleached chemical pulp, 0 to 20% by mass of softwood bleached chemical pulp and 0 to 20% by mass of an inorganic filler, and has an ISO brightness of 70% or more. The ecologically sound paper-resin composition comprising it comprises 50% or more by mass of the above-mentioned ...

Biodegradable Foam for Sheet, Process for Producing the Same, Biodegradable Molding from the Foam and Process for Producing the Same

A biodegradable foam that excels in biodegradability, moldability and heat resistance and that even when utilized in food package containers, etc., ensures high safety; and a process for producing the same. There are further provided a biodegradable molding from the foam, and a process for producing the same. In particular, there is provided a biodegradable foam for sheet comprising a biodegradable foam obtained by mixing together rice husk powder, starch and a biodegradable thermoplastic resin and effecting foaming of the mixture and to be molded into a sheet form, characterized in that the foaming is carried out at a foaming ratio of 15-fold or below. Preferably, the biodegradable foam for sheet is characterized in that the mixture contains 5 to 40 wt. % of rice husk powder and 5 to 30 wt. % of starch. Further, it is preferred that the biodegradable thermoplastic resin be a mixture of two or more resin components with different melting points, and especially preferred that the extensity ...

CROSS-LAMINATED PLYWOOD PRODUCTION

ВЛАГОВПИТЫВАЮЩИЙ КЛЕЙ ГОРЯЧЕГО РАСПЛАВА

Настоящее изобретение относится к клеям горячего расплава, способным впитывать водные жидкости. Клей содержит от около 10% до около 50% блоксополимера, представляющего собой линейную или радиальную сополимерную структуру, имеющую формулу (А-В)x, где блок А является поливинилареновым блоком, блок В является поли(моноалкениловым) блоком, х означает число полимерных звеньев и представляет собой целое число, равное или более единицы, от около 20% до около 80% повышающей клейкость смолы и от около 1% до около 60% впитывающего водную жидкость полимера. Также изобретение относится к впитывающему изделию, включающему влагопроницаемый верхний слой, влагонепроницаемый защитный слой, впитывающий элемент между верхним и защитным слоями, причем или влагопроницаемый верхний слой, или влагонепроницаемый защитный слой прикреплен к впитывающему элементу с помощью предлагаемого клея горячего расплава. Полученный термопластичный клеящий материал может быть использован для адгезионного соединения подложек, ...

Способ и устройство для разделения фракции частиц лигноцеллюлозы и фракции частиц лигнина, композиция частиц лигнина, композиция частиц лигноцеллюлозы и их применение

Изобретение относится к способ разделения фракции частиц лигноцеллюлозы и фракции частиц лигнина, в котором сырой лигнин образуется из исходного материала, включающего частицы лигноцеллюлозы и частицы лигнина, при этом способ включает добавление в сырой лигнин стабилизирующего химического реагента отдельно или в сочетании с гидрофобным химическим реагентом на по меньшей мере одной стадии, так что по меньшей мере стабилизирующий агент добавляют в сырой лигнин, причем указанный стабилизирующий агент представляет собой полисахарид или модифицированный полисахарид, и обработку сырого лигнина путем отделения фракции частиц лигнина и фракции частиц лигноцеллюлозы друг от друга на по меньшей мере одной стадии твердофазного разделения. Изобретение также относится к устройству для разделения фракции частиц лигноцеллюлозы и фракции частиц лигнина, в котором сырой лигнин, образованный из исходного материала, включает частицы лигноцеллюлозы и частицы лигнина, при этом устройство включает по меньшей ...

ИНГИБИРОВАНИЕ ПОЖЕЛТЕНИЯ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ И БУМАГИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НИТРОКСИДОВ И ДРУГИХ СОВМЕСТНО ВВОДИМЫХ ДОБАВОК

Изобретение относится к способу предотвращения потери белизны (яркости) и повышения резистентности к пожелтению в целлюлозе и бумаге. Целлюлоза или бумага, все еще содержащая лигнин, включает от 0,001 до 5 мас.% затрудненного амина, выбранного из соединений формулы A*, D*, X*, Y*, Z*, АА*, ВВ*, СС*, DD* или IIId, IIIe, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, где R - водород, в формуле A* n = 1, R1 - водород или алкил с 1-4 атомами углерода, в формуле D* у=1, R10 - водород или метил, R12 - алкил с 1-4 атомами углерода, Х - фосфат, фосфонат, карбонат, бикарбонат, нитрат, хлорид, бромид, бисульфит, сульфит, бисульфат, сульфат, борат, формиат, ацетат, бензоат, цитрат, оксалат, тартрат, акрилат, полиакрилат, фумарат, малеат, итаконат, гликолят, глюконат, малат, манделат, тиглат, аскорбат, полиметакрилат, карбоксилат нитрилотриуксусной кислоты, гидроксиэтилэтилендиаминтриуксусной кислоты, этилендиаминтетрауксусной кислоты или диэтилентриаминпентауксусной кислоты, диэтилентриаминпентаметиленфосфонат, алкилсульфонат ...

Древесно-полимерный состав для композиционного материала

Изобретение относится к древесно-полимерному составу и может быть использовано в области строительства, автомобилестроения, машиностроения и других отраслях промышленности. Древесно-полимерный состав для композиционного материала содержит полипропилен, древесный наполнитель и добавки. В качестве древесного наполнителя он содержит древесные отходы, предварительно обработанные в герметичной камере в среде топочных газов при температуре 225°С в течение 30 мин и измельченные до частиц с размером 0,08-1,16 мм. В качестве добавок он содержит эфир 3,5-ди-трет-бутил-4-гидроксифенил пропионовой кислоты и пентаэритрита, полипропилен с содержанием 1-6% привитого малеинового ангидрида или малеиновой кислоты и смесь сложных эфиров жирных кислот. Изобретение обеспечивает увеличение прочности композиционного материала при растяжении на 35%, предела текучести при растяжении на 37%, показателя модуля упругости на 30%, сопротивления изгибу под температурной нагрузкой на 10%, снижение показателя водопоглощения ...

ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ЛИГНИНА ИЗ ЛИГНОЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНОЙ БИОМАССЫ

Изобретение относится к получению лигнина из лигноцеллюлозной биомассы, а также к снижению засорения лигнином технологического оборудования при переработке лигноцеллюлозной биомассы. Осуществляют подачу лигноцеллюлозной биомассы при первом давлении и первой температуре. Биомасса включает первую твердую фракцию, включающую нерастворимый лигнин, и первую жидкую фракцию, включающую растворимые Cсахариды, и растворимый лигнин. Перед указанной стадийной подачей из биомассы удаляют по меньшей мере часть Cсахаридов фракционированием. Понижают первое давление биомассы до второго давления при практически одновременном понижении первой температуры биомассы до второй температуры. Осуществляют практически одновременное понижение второго давления и второй температуры до третьего давления и третьей температуры для осаждения растворимого лигнина в первой жидкой фракции. Образуется смесь, включающая вторую твердую фракцию, включающую нерастворимый лигнин, и осажденный лигнин, а также вторую жидкую фракцию ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПРИВИТОГО СОПОЛИМЕРА ЛИГНИНА И/ИЛИ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ

Rapidly bio-degradable utility article - formed of moulded mixt. of inorganic and organic components

The article, which is used esp. for insertion or introduction into the ground and which decomposes without residue in soil, consists of a compressed, injection moulded or cast mixt. of solid inorganic (5) and/or organic (6) components and a binder, pref. a bio-degradable binder selected from dextrin, resin and/or water. Prodn. of the article involves (i) comminuting, mixing and sieving the inorganic and organic components; (ii) stirring in the binder; and (iii) subjecting the material to high pressure compression, injection moulding or casting in a mould. USE/ADVANTAGE - As a flower pot, golf tee, coffin, corner or edge protector, packaging material, packaging chip, tetrapod or ball. The article is provided with controlled rapid bio-degradability without affecting its function.

Composite material, useful e.g. in windows, comprises cellulose-containing material, which is present with thermoplastic material and exhibits hydrolysis and condensation product on its surface

Composite material (I) comprises cellulose-containing material, where the cellulose-containing material is present in the mixture with a thermoplastic material, which exhibits a hydrolysis and a condensation product on its surface, and is obtained by catalytic conversion of silica sols comprising 40-88 mol.% of tetraalkoxysilanes and 4-20 mol.% of alkyltrialkoxysilanes or several alkyltrialkoxysilane with 4-16C alkyl residue as monomers by the sol gel technology. An independent claim is included for a process for preparing (I) comprising hydrolyzing and condensing the cellulose-containing material with a mixture of silica sols comprising 40-88 mol.% of tetraalkoxysilanes and 4-20 mol.% of alkyltrialkoxysilanes or several alkyltrialkoxysilane with 4-16C alkyl residue as monomers, treating, modifying and drying the cellulose-containing material with the thermoplastic material modified at 15[deg] c to fusing temperature of the thermoplastic material; mixing and cooling.

Pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions

Pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions comprise an elastomer selected from natural and synthetic polyisoprenes, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, butadiene-styrene rubbers, neoprene rubbers, butyl rubbers and polyacrylate rubbers, intimately blended with, per 100 parts by weight of the elastomer, 150 to 700 parts by weight of a polymeric, elastic, solid tackifier compatible with the elastomer, said tackifier being a polymerization product derived from the polymerization of an oil distillation still residue containing indene and isoprene, to which have been added butadiene and styrene, and having a molecular weight substantially within the range 500 to 2000. The compositions generally contain a solvent, e.g. toluene, and other additives such as fillers and anti-oxidants may also be present, e.g. titanium dioxide, clay, di-t-amyl-hydroquinone, di-t-butyl-m-cresol and, also, glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin. A curing agent may also be included, e.g. alkyl-phenolformaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde ...

Process for the manufacture of artificial masses

... 304,612. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Jan. 20, 1928, [Convention date]. Synthetic rubber compositions.-A composition for the manufacture of artificial leather, linoleum, lincrusta, ebonite, celluloid substitutes, horn substitutes, artificial wood and the like, is made by incorporating a relatively small proportion of synthetic rubber obtained for example from isoprene, erythnene, dimethylbutadiene, &c., with organic or mineral fillers. Resins, natural or synthetic, natural rubber, factice, dyes, cellulose derivatives, &c. may be employed in addition. The pliability may be increased by the addition of oils &c. The mixtures mav be vulcanized. Several examples are given of which the following is typical :-8 parts of rubber obtained from dimethyl erythrene, 5 parts of colophony, 5 parts of a mineral oil, 50 parts of cork, sawdust, peat meal, cellulose acetate or the like, 10 parts of heavy spar or lithopone, 12 parts of magnesia, and 10 parts of ochre are rolled into sheets of linoleum.

Improvements in or relating to moulding materials

In preparing a mouldable material as described in the parent Specification, the inert filler is coated or impregnated with a synthetic resin, and with either a different synthetic resin or a solution containing protein such as products from blood. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 514,703, 521,444 and 541,944, [Group V].ALSO:In preparing mouldable material as described in the parent Specification in which an inert filler is coated or impregnated in succession with two different mouldable materials and the first is applied in such quantity that the intermediate product is mouldable, one of the materials is a synthetic resin and the other is either a different synthetic resin or a solution containing protein such as blood or products from blood. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 514,703, 521,444, and 541,944.

RUBBERY BLENDS

FORMALDEHYDE-FREE BONDING AGENTS FOR MOLDED ARTICLES

PROCEDURE FOR THE ACYLATION OF AN IN PARTICULAR CELLULOSE AND/OR HEMICELLULOSE AND/OR LIGNIN OF EXHIBITING MATERIAL AND THUS AVAILABLE MATERIAL

Improving the wax sizing and resin bonding of a lignocellulosic composite

Binders

Compositions comprising lignin

Compositions comprising lignin and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed.

Process for improving the rheological properties of an aqueous dispersion

A process for improving the rheological properties of an aqueous dispersion comprising adding a rheology modifier to the aqueous dispersion, and then adding a water soluble synthetic polymer flocculant to the aqueous dispersion. The rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of natural polymers, semi-natural polymers, synthetic materials and combinations thereof. The water soluble synthetic polymer flocculant may be selected from the group consisting of water soluble anionic polymers, cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, nonionic polymers, and combinations thereof.

Compositions comprising lignin

Compositions comprising lignin and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed.

METHOD FOR VULCANIZING CAOUTCHOUC OR LATEX BY APPLYING A MIXTURE OF SULFUR AND A COMPLEXING AGENT

The invention relates to a method for vulcanizing caoutchouc or latex by adding a mixture M which contains a component a) from a1) 20 to 96 % by weight of sulfur, a2) 4 to 80 % by weight of a complexing agent, and optionally other additives b) to caoutchouc or latex and then vulcanizing the mixture. The inventive method is characterized in that the average particle size of the primary particles of component a) ranges from 0.05 to 20 ~m.

ADDITIVE FOR CEMENT COMPOSITIONS

There is disclosed a water-soluble, substantiallyhomogeneous, powder-like solid composition as an additive to concrete compositions containing expanded particles of polystyrene for maintaining the aqueous slurry in a homogeneous condition until it can cure to a solid, for entraining air in the binder phase, for inhibiting "flash setting" for maintaining for a period of time a "wet edge", and for improving the finish surface. The additive comprises a blend of anionic and nonionic surface active additives, liquid thermoplastic resin, poly (ethylene oxide) resin, lignosulfonate, and diatomaceous earth.

ASPHALT MIXTURE COMPOSITION COMPRISING DIGESTATE ADDITIVE

The present invention relates to asphalt mixture compositions, suitable for building roads, pavements and paved areas, roofing, vehicle parking areas, house-drives, footways, recreation areas such as tennis courts or playgrounds, agricultural uses such as farm roads or animal cubicles, airfields, runways and access roads, hard standings, storage areas, hydraulic applications such as dam construction, coastal protection and other. The present invention also concerns a method of providing such compositions and various uses thereof. In particular, this invention concerns the replacement of, at least a part of, a binder or a binder composition comprised by said asphalt mixture composition, said binder or binder composition preferably being bitumen or polymer modified bitumen, with digestate additive and one or more further component(s), such as aggregate(s), additive(s) and/or filler(s).

BIODIESEL COMPOSITION

A biodiesel composition comprising a stabilization agent is disclosed. The stabilization agent comprises depolymerized lignin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 360 g/mol and at most 5000 g/mol, and the TEAC value of the depolymerized lignin is at most 50 % of the TEAC value of a corresponding lignin bfore having been depolymerized, and wherein the weight average molecular weight of the depolymerized lignin is at most 60 % of the weight average molecular weight of the corresponding lignin.

A COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND COMPOSITE PRODUCT

The present invention is directed to a composite material comprising a cellulosic material, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA). The cellulosic material may be thermally modified prior to being incorporated into the composite material. The present invention is also directed to a composite product that comprises the composite material according to the invention.

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOD COMPOSITE MATERIALS AS WELL AS WOOD COMPOSITE MATERIALS OBTAINABLE BY THE PROCESS

The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of wood composite materials including the steps of: preparation of a thermally curable resin, by reacting a polycondensation-capable phenolic compound and/or an amino plastic forming agent with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) under conditions leading to the formation of polycondensation products,bringing the resin into contact with lignocellulose - containing material, and curing the resin with formation of the wood composite material. The process is characterized in that the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural comprises at least one HMF oligomer. The invention further relates to the wood composite materials obtainable by the process.

Wire coat compositions for rubber articles

The present invention is based upon the unexpected finding that lignin can be incorporated into wire coat stock composition to improve metal to rubber adhesion. It has been further found that lignin can be used as a replacement in whole or in part for conventional rubber-to-metal adhesion promoters, such as cobalt materials which are conventionally used in wire coat stocks to attain and maintain needed rubber-to-wire adhesion properties. In fact, wire coat stocks that contain lignin provide more that adequate rubber-to-metal adhesion characteristics for typical applications, such as in tires, and maintain needed levels of adhesion over long periods of product service. For instance, high levels of rubber-to-metal adhesion are maintained under harsh conditions, such as exposure to elevated temperatures and high levels of humidity. The utilization of lignin in wire coat stock formulations in accordance with this invention is also economically advantageous since lignin is a low cost alternative to most conventional adhesion promoting agents. Lignin is also environmentally friendly and does not present any known health hazards. Lignin is derived from wood and constitutes about 25 percent to 33 percent of the dry mass of wood. Accordingly, lignin is an abundant naturally occurring organic polymer which is a renewable resource since it is derived from trees. Accordingly, lignin represents a low cost, abundant, environmentally friendly, and highly effective alternative to conventional rubber-to-metal adhesion promoters. The present invention more specifically discloses a wire coat stock composition which is comprised of (1) a rubbery polymer, (2) about 40 phr to about 80 phr of carbon black, and (3) about 2 phr to about 30 phr of lignin.

Lignin Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Methods are disclosed for providing lignin product of a small particle size for improving burning efficiency and for avoiding typical equipment fouling problems while maximizing energy recovery.

Resin composition, molded body and composite molded body

In accordance with the present invention, by using a resin composition including lignin and a curing agent in which the lignin is soluble in an organic solvent and contained in the resin composition in an amount of from 10 to 90% by mass, there are provided a molded product and a composite molded product which are obtained from plant resources as a main raw material and to which a good flame retardance and a good antibacterial property are imparted.

Biodegradable composition comprising polymers of natural origin and aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters

The present invention relates to a biodegradable composition comprising at least one polymer of natural origin and at least one aliphatic-aromatic copolyester obtained starting from mixtures comprising aliphatic diols, polyfunctional aromatic acids, and at least two aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, at least one of which is long chain. Said composition combines improved biodegradability, excellent mechanical properties, a high level of industrial processability, limited environmental impact as well as stability of physical properties under the influence of environmental factors.

Insulating polymer material composition

An insulating polymer material composition of the environment-conscious type which is obtained by using a renewable resource and a waste material as starting materials is provided. A vegetable oil-origin epoxy resin and a plant-origin polyphenol are mixed and the obtained mixture is subjected to a heat treatment, with which a liquid epoxy resin composition which is a compatibilized blend of the vegetable oil-origin epoxy resin and the plant-origin polyphenol is provided. To this liquid epoxy resin composition, coal ash and a silane coupling agent are added followed by mixing. Further, an additive such as a curing accelerator is added thereto, followed by a heat treatment, thereby obtaining an insulating polymer material composition. As the coal ash, it is preferable to use fly ash. It is also preferable to use a silane coupling agent having epoxy group.

Composition for Corrosion Prevention

The composition described herein for the prevention of corrosion comprises: sacrificial metal particles more noble than a metal substrate to which the composition contacts; carbonaceous material that can form electrical contact between the sacrificial metal particles; and means for providing an anticorrosion coating material for the metal substrate. The composition can form a coating on a metal substrate surface. A method for applying the composition for the prevention of corrosion is also described herein.

DERIVATIVES OF NATIVE LIGNIN FROM ANNUAL FIBRE FEEDSTOCKS

The present invention provides derivatives of native lignin having certain aliphatic hydroxyl content. Surprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having certain aliphatic hydroxyl content. 1. A thermoplastic composition comprising an annual fibre lignin derivative , wherein said lignin derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.75 mmol/g and a normalized RSI of 15 or greater.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content is from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.25 mmol/g.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative comprises ethoxyl groups.4. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein the ethoxyl content is 1.4 mmol/g or less.5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content is from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.25 mmol/g.6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative comprises ethoxyl groups.7. The composition according to claim 7 , wherein the ethoxyl content is 1.4 mmol/g or less.8. A polyolefin composition comprising an annual fibre lignin derivative claim 7 , wherein said lignin derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.75 mmol/g and a normalized RSI of 15 or greater.9. A method of producing an annual fibre lignin derivative claim 7 , comprising:a) pulping a fibrous biomass;b) heating the pulp;c) maintaining the elevated temperature for 1 minute or longer;d) separating the cellulosic pulp from the lignin rich pulp; ande) recovering derivatives of native lignin, wherein the derivatives have an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from about 1 mmol/g to about 3.75 mmol/g and a normalized RSI of 15 or greater.10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the pulping process is selected from the group consisting of: steam explosion claim 9 , dilute acid hydrolysis ...

Lignophenol derivative, resin composition, and resin molded article

A compound includes a lignophenol derivative having a weight average molecular weight in a range of 5000 to 10000, and satisfying the following formula (1): 3.0≦pH value≦4.5  (1) wherein the pH value is a determined value for a liquid mixture containing 0.2 g of the lignophenol derivative added to 40 ml of pure water.

AQUEOUS BINDER COMPOSITION

Aqueous binder composition for granular and/or fibrous substrates 1. An aqueous binder composition comprising as essential binder components ≧0.1 and ≦10 wt % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated compound having at least one silicon-containing group, an epoxy, hydroxyalkyl, N-methylol or carbonyl group, and/or of at least one compound which has at least two nonconjugated ethylenically unsaturated groups (monomers A)', {'sub': 3', '6', '4', '6, '≧0 and <5 wt % of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated Cto Cmonocarboxylic and/or C-C-dicarboxylic acid and also the salts and anhydrides thereof (monomers B), and'}, '>85 and ≦99.9 wt % of further ethylenically unsaturated compounds, different from the monomers A and B, the nature and amount of these ethylenically unsaturated compounds being selected such that a polymer constructed solely from them in polymerized form would have a glass transition temperature in the range ≧10 and ≦50° C. (monomers C),', 'in polymerized form, wherein the amounts of monomers A to C sum to 100 wt %, and, 'a) at least one polymer P constructed from'}b) at least one lignin compound L, the amount of which is determined such that it is ≧10 and ≦60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer P.2. The aqueous binder composition according to wherein the at least one monomer A is selected from the group encompassing N-methylolacrylamide claim 1 , N-methylolmethacrylamide claim 1 , glycidyl acrylate claim 1 , glycidyl methacrylate claim 1 , 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate claim 1 , 2-hydroxyethyl methadrylate claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-butylene glycol diacrylate claim 1 , allyl methacrylate and/or divinylbenzene.3. The aqueous binder composition according to either one of or wherein the monomers C are selected from the group encompassing conjugated aliphatic Cto Cdienes claim 1 , esters of vinyl alcohol and a Cto Cmonocarboxylic acid claim 1 , Cto Calkyl acrylates claim 1 , Cto Calkyl methacrylates claim 1 , ethylenically unsaturated Cto ...

Continuous process for conversion of lignin to useful compounds

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles.

FRICTION MATERIAL

A resin composition for a friction material which is produced by a process including performing polymer blending of a phenol resin and a lignin; and a friction material including the resin composition. The resin composition for a friction material is useful as a binder in the friction material. 1. A resin composition for a friction material , which is obtained by a process comprising performing polymer blending of a phenol resin and a lignin.2. The resin composition for a friction material according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is at least one selected from the group consisting of a softwood lignin claim 1 , a hardwood lignin and a herbaceous lignin.3. The resin composition for a friction material according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin has a weight average molecular weight of 5 claim 1 ,000 or less.4. The resin composition for a friction material according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin has a softening point of 70 to 180° C.5. A friction material claim 1 , comprising the resin composition for a friction material according to .6. A method for producing a resin composition for a friction material claim 1 , the method comprising performing polymer blending of a phenol resin and a lignin.7. The method according to claim 6 , comprising:purifying the lignin with at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran; andperforming polymer blending of the phenol resin and the lignin purified.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the lignin is at least one selected from the group consisting of a softwood lignin claim 6 , a hardwood lignin and a herbaceous lignin.9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the lignin has a weight average molecular weight of 5 claim 6 ,000 or less.10. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the lignin has a softening point of 70 to 180° C.11. A friction material claim 6 , comprising the resin composition for a friction material obtained by the method according to . This ...

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF LIGNIN TO USEFUL COMPOUNDS

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles. 1. A process for preparing a slurry comprised of lignin comprising the steps of:a. charging a composition comprised of lignin and at least one slurry liquid at 25° C. to a vessel capable of being subjected to vacuum,b. subjecting the vessel to vacuum for a time sufficient to disperse particles of the composition comprised of lignin to greater than 50% of the theoretical dispersion of the composition comprised of lignin.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry liquid comprises water.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the slurry liquid comprises a hydrogen donor.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the vacuum is defined as a pressure less than atmospheric pressure.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the pressure less than atmospheric pressure is in the range of between 0.2 bar and 0.8 bar.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the time is sufficient to disperse the particles of lignin to greater than 75% of the theoretical dispersion.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the time is sufficient to disperse the particles of lignin to greater than 90% of the theoretical dispersion.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises the application of mechanical agitation in which the composition comprised of lignin is mechanically mixed with the slurry liquid.9. The process according to claim 8 , ...

Continuous process for conversion of lignin to useful compounds

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles.

Lignite-Based Foundry Resins

Described herein, in the preferred embodiment, is a leonardite-based polyurethane resin binder that may be used, among other applications, as a binder in combination with foundry aggregate, e.g., sand, for molding or casting metal parts. The binders described herein comprise a humic substance, preferably leonardite, combined with a polymerizable polyol, an isocyanate, and a polymerization catalyst to make a polyurethane resin binder in situ in a foundry aggregate, such as sand. The lignite is mixed with the polymerizable polyol and dispersing agents as additives to improve the suspension quality and binder performance of the lignite-containing part of the binder components.

Densified biomass products containing pretreated biomass fibers

A product is provided comprising at least one densified biomass particulate having a substantially smooth, non-flakey outer surface and containing no added binder, wherein said densified biomass particulate is comprised of a plurality of pretreated lignin-coated plant biomass fibers which contain a trace amount of base from pretreatment of said fibers. Methods for using and making the product are also described.

Two-component lignosulfonate adhesives and methods for their preparation

Disclosed are two-component lignosulfonate adhesives, methods of synthesizing two-component lignosulfonate adhesives, kits comprising two-component lignosulfonate adhesives and methods of using two-component lignosulfonate adhesives.

HIGH VALUE LIGNIN DERIVATIVES, POLYMERS, AND COPOLYMERS AND USE THEREOF IN THERMOPLASTIC, THERMOSET, COMPOSITE, AND CARBON FIBER APPLICATIONS

The present disclosure relates to reactive modified lignin, methods of preparing such modified lignin, and materials, such as polymer systems, incorporating the modified lignin. More specifically, the lignin can be modified by selectively masking reactive functional groups such that the material has a modulated reactivity and is thus better suited for incorporation into and/or formation of further materials, such as carbon fibers. 1. A reactive modified lignin comprising a lignin having about 5% or greater of the reactive functional groups thereon masked with a masking moiety that is less reactive than the functional group.2. The reactive modified lignin of claim 1 , wherein the modified lignin exhibits a thermal stability defined by an increase of the molecular weight of the modified lignin of about 10% or less when the modified lignin is heated at a temperature of about 20° C. above its glass transition temperature (Tg).3. The reactive modified lignin of claim 1 , wherein the modified lignin exhibits thermal stability defined by a weight loss of the modified lignin that is less than 5% when heating to a temperature of greater than 225° C.4. The reactive modified lignin of claim 1 , wherein the modified lignin exhibits a glass transition temperature (Tg) that increases monotonically with the percentage of reactive functional groups that are masked with the masking moiety.5. The reactive modified lignin of claim 1 , wherein the reactive functional groups are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl claim 1 , methoxyl claim 1 , carbonyl claim 1 , and carboxyl claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The reactive modified lignin of claim 1 , wherein the masking moiety is selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl claim 1 , optionally substituted alkenyl claim 1 , optionally substituted alkynyl claim 1 , and combinations thereof.7. A lignin polymer comprising a chain of reactive modified lignin according to .8. The lignin polymer of defined ...

Delignification of biomass containing lignin and production of long lasting lignin fertilizer

A new fertilizer comprising of amino lignin compounds, which are made by delignification of biomass containing lignin utilizing amino compounds and producing amino lignin, amino lignincellulose and cellulose. The urea lignincellulose is reacted with potassium hydroxide to produce potassium salt of amino lignin and lignincelluose. The amino lignin is reacted with phosphorous acid to produce an amino lignin phosphorous acid. These amino lignin compounds reacted with potassium and phosphorous acid are the source nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in the new solid or aqueous fertilizer.

Device for treating the surface of a cork stopper, treatment method, and stopper obtained by said method

Disclosed is a device for treating the outer surface of a cork plug ( 3 ), including: a first so-called reactive liquid composition including: a so-called bi-epoxyde composition of at least one compound having a molecular mass between 340 g/mol and 800 g/mol; a so called reactive solvent; a so-called curing liquid composition including at least one polyamine adapted for forming a protection film by polymerization at the surface of a cork plug ( 3 ); characterized in that the reactive composition includes a load of a solid in the divided state dispersed in the reactive composition, the solid in the divided state including barium sulphate.

Polylactide-graft-lignin blends and copolymers

The present invention is directed to a PLA-graft-lignin polymers and copolymers and methods of making the same. As the lignocellulosic biorefining industry emerges as a viable fuels technology, the availability of the assortment of lignins will also expand. The use of lignins as a copolymer is one area where lignin may be utilized.

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF LIGNIN AND LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

In one example implementation, a trans-esterified APL can include an APL and a polyester including polyester chains. The polyester may be an aliphatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, or an aromatic polyester. In other examples, an acetate ester of the APL can be used to swap carboxylic acid groups with the alcohol oligomer units in the polyester chains. 1. A trans-esterified acetyoxypropyl lignin (APL) comprising:an APL; anda polyester including polyester chains.2. The trans-esterified APL of claim 1 , wherein the polyester may be an aliphatic polyester claim 1 , a semi-aromatic polyester claim 1 , or an aromatic polyester.3. The trans-esterified APL of claim 1 , wherein an acetate ester of the APL is used to swap carboxylic acid groups with the alcohol oligomer units in the polyester chains.4. The trans-esterified APL of claim 1 , wherein polyester oligomer units are covalently-bonded to the APL while one or more of the polyester chains are shortened and terminated with acetate esters.5. The trans-esterified APL of claim 1 , wherein the trans-esterified APL is represented by the formula R′COOR claim 1 , wherein R′ represents the APL and R represents the polyester.6. The trans-esterified APL of claim 1 , wherein transesterification occurs with the replacement of one alcohol group in the ester by another different alcohol group.7. A trans-esterified acetyoxypropyl lignin (APL) blend comprising:a APL;a polyester including polyester chains; andone or more additives.8. The trans-esterified APL blend of claim 7 , wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of catalysts claim 7 , compatibilizers claim 7 , odor neutralizers claim 7 , fragrances claim 7 , and process aids.9. The trans-esterified APL blend of claim 7 , further comprising:a plasticizer.10. The trans-esterified APL blend of claim 9 , wherein the plasticizer reduces a glass transition temperature of the trans-esterified APL.11. The trans-esterified APL blend of claim 7 , ...

Lignin-based nanostructures

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide lignin-based nanostructures including nanotubes and nanowires, methods of making and using the nanostructures, probes and compositions including the nanostructures, and the like.

Process for Improving the Flow Rate of an Aqueous Dispersion

A process for improving the flow rate of an aqueous dispersion which comprises adding a natural polymer to said aqueous system and then adding a synthetic polymer to the aqueous system. 1. A process for improving the flow rate of an aqueous dispersion comprising(a) adding a natural polymer to the aqueous dispersion, and(b) then adding a synthetic polymer to the aqueous dispersion, wherein the natural polymer and the synthetic polymer is an amount effective to increase the flow rate of the aqueous dispersion.2. The process of wherein the natural polymer is a polysaccharide.3. The process of wherein the polysaccharide is a dextran.4. The process of wherein the synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of water soluble anionic polymers claim 3 , cationic polymers claim 3 , amphoteric polymers claim 3 , nonionic polymers claim 3 , and mixtures thereof.5. The process of wherein the synthetic polymer is an anionic polymer.6. The process of wherein the anionic polymer is selected from the group consisting of copolymers derived from 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropane sulfonic acid claim 5 , copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide claim 5 , homopolymers of acrylic acid claim 5 , homopolymers of acrylamide claim 5 , and combinations thereof.7. The process of wherein the anionic polymer comprises a copolymer of sodium acrylate and acrylamide or a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylamide.8. The process of wherein the pH of the anionic polymer is about 5 to about 10.9. The process of wherein Mw of the dextran is about 5 claim 5 ,000 to about 40 claim 5 ,000 claim 5 ,0000.10. The process of wherein Mw of the anionic polymer is about 500 claim 9 ,000 to about 25 claim 9 ,000 claim 9 ,000.11. The process of wherein the PDI of the dextran is about 1.0 to about 0.12. The process of wherein weight ratio of natural polymer and synthetic polymer is a ratio effective to increase the flow rate of the aqueous dispersion.13. The process of wherein weight ratio of natural polymer ...

Process for Improving the Rheological Properties of an Aqueous Dispersion

A process for improving the rheological properties of an aqueous dispersion comprising adding a rheology modifier to the aqueous dispersion, and then adding a water soluble synthetic polymer flocculant to the aqueous dispersion. The rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of natural polymers, semi-natural polymers, synthetic materials and combinations thereof. The water soluble synthetic polymer flocculant may be selected from the group consisting of water soluble anionic polymers, cationic polymers, amphoteric polymers, nonionic polymers, and combinations thereof.

FIBER BASED PRODUCT

The invention relates to a method for producing a fiber based product, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) applying a binder composition over a surface at least one fiber based substrate; b) determining the distribution of the applied binder composition over the en-tire at least one surface of the at least one fiber based substrate; and c) based on the determination in step b) either accepting the treated at least one fiber based substrate for the production of the fiber based product or rejecting the treated at least one fiber based substrate from the production of the fiber based product. The invention further relates to a method for producing a binder composition, to a binder composition and to a fiber based product. 1. A method for producing a fiber based product , the method comprising:a) applying a binder composition over at least one surface of at least one fiber based substrate, the binder composition prepared by using at least a polymerizable substance, a crosslinking agent, and a colorant, wherein the colorant is used in an amount such that the difference between a color of the binder composition and a color of a corresponding binder composition prepared without the use of the colorant, as measured on a Gardner scale, is at least 3 units;b) calculating the distribution of the applied binder composition over the entire at least one surface of the at least one fiber based substrate; and{'sub': s', 't', 's', 's', 't, 'c) accepting the treated at least one fiber based substrate for the production of the fiber based product when contrast value is 50% or less, or rejecting the treated at least one fiber based substrate from the production of the fiber based product when the contrast value is greater than 50%, wherein the contrast value is defined as (D−D)/D*100%, wherein Dis a reflection density of the binder composition, and Dis a reflection density of the surface of the at least one fiber based substrate having the binder composition applied thereon, ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE, THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE, AND THREE-DIMENSION FORMATION COMPOSITION

There is provided a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, in which the three-dimensional structure is manufactured by laminating a layer, the method including: forming the layer using a three-dimension formation composition containing particles, a binding resin, and a solvent; applying a binding solution containing a binder to the layer; and removing the particles, which are not bound by the binder, using a removing solution after repeating the forming of the layer and the applying of the binding solution, in which, in the removing of the unbound particles, the binding resin has a water-soluble functional group whose pKa in water is less than the pH of the removing solution. 1. A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure , in which the three-dimensional structure is manufactured by laminating a layer , the method comprising:forming the layer using a three-dimension formation composition containing particles, a binding resin, and a solvent;applying a binding solution containing a binder to the layer; andremoving the particles, which are not bound by the binder, using a removing solution after repeating the forming of the layer and the applying of the binding solution,wherein, in the removing of the unbound particles, the binding resin has a water-soluble functional group whose pKa in water is less than the pH of the removing solution.2. The method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1 ,wherein the pKa of the water-soluble functional group in water is 6 or less.3. The method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1 ,wherein the water-soluble functional group is a carboxyl group or a sulfo group.4. The method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1 ,wherein the binding resin having a carboxyl group as the water-soluble functional group contains one or more selected from the group consisting of a reaction product of an olefin-maleic anhydride copolymer with ...

BINDER FOR MINERAL FIBRES, COMPRISING LIGNOSULFONATE AND A CARBONYL COMPOUND, AND RESULTING MATS

An aqueous binder for mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, includes at least one ammonium lignosulfonate or one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of lignosulfonic acid, and at least one carbonyl compound of formula: R—[C(O)R](I) in which: R represents a saturated or unsaturated and linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, a radical including one or more aromatic nuclei which consist of 5 or 6 carbon atoms, a radical including one or more aromatic heterocycles containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms and an oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom, it being possible for the R radical to contain other functional groups, in particular hydroxyl or alkoxy groups, especially methoxy groups, Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a C-Calkyl radical, and x varies 1 to 10, the binder being devoid of hydrogenated sugar and of melamine. 1. An aqueous binder for mineral fibers , comprising:at least one ammonium lignosulfonate or one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of lignosulfonic acid, and {'br': None, 'sub': 1', 'x, 'R—[C(O)R]\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'at least one carbonyl compound of formula R represents a saturated or unsaturated and linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical, a radical including one or more aromatic nuclei which consist of 5 or 6 carbon atoms, a radical including one or more aromatic heterocycles containing 4 or 5 carbon atoms and an oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom, it being possible for the R radical to contain other functional groups,', {'sub': 1', '1', '10, 'Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a C-Calkyl radical, and'}, 'x varies from 1 to 10,, 'in whichsaid binder being devoid of hydrogenated sugar and of melamine.2. The binder as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Rrepresents a hydrogen atom and x is at most equal to 6.5. The binder as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ammonium lignosulfonate or the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of lignosulfonic acid represents from 30 to 95% of the weight of the mixture consisting of ammonium lignosulfonate or the ...

MICROSTRUCTURED COMPOSITE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, MOULDED ARTICLES MADE THEREOF AND ALSO PURPOSES OF USE

Microstructured composite material, comprising a matrix, comprising at least one sort of a thermoplastic plastic material and, distributed homogenously in the matrix, at least one sort of lignin and/or at least one lignin derivative, characterised in that the at least one sort of lignin and/or at least one lignin derivative is present in particulate form and the cross-sectional area of the particles has a round, approximately round, circular, approximately circular, elliptical or approximately elliptical geometry. 118.-. (canceled)19. A microstructured composite material comprisinga) a matrix comprising at least one thermoplastic plastic material, andb) distributed homogeneously in the matrix, at least one lignin and/or at least one lignin derivative,wherein the total content of the at least one lignin and/or of the at least one lignin derivative is, relative to the overall composite material, of 1 to 80% by weight,wherein the at least one lignin or the lignin forming the basis of the at least one lignin derivative originates from a coniferous wood-, deciduous wood- or annual plant source,wherein the at least one lignin derivative is obtained by partial or complete derivatisation, selected from the group consisting of etherification, urethanisation or a combination of the previously mentioned derivatisations of the hydroxyl groups of a corresponding lignin,wherein the at least one lignin and/or at least one lignin derivative is present in particulate form and the cross-sectional area of the particles has a round, approximately round, circular, approximately circular, elliptical or approximately elliptical geometry,{'sub': '50', 'wherein 50% of the particles of a representative number of particles (at least 200) have a diameter (d, median) less than 5 μm, and wherein at least one adhesive is contained.'}20. The composite material according to claim 19 , wherein claim 19 , in the case of the elliptical or approximately elliptical geometry claim 19 , the ratio of the ...

THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER COMPOUNDS WITH LOW-MOLECULAR LIGNINS, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, MOULDED ARTICLES AND ALSO USES

Thermoplastic polymer compound comprising a thermoplastic matrix polymer or a blend of at least two thermoplastic matrix polymers and also at least one low-molecular lignin and/or low-molecular lignin derivative having a weight-averaged molecular weight of 200 to 6,000 g/mol. 1. A thermoplastic polymer compound comprising a thermoplastic matrix polymer or a blend of at least two thermoplastic matrix polymers and at least one low-molecular lignin and/or low-molecular lignin derivative having a weight-averaged molecular weight of 200 to 6 ,000 g/mol.2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the low-molecular lignin and/or the low-molecular lignin derivative has a weight-averaged molecular weight of 200 to 5 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.3. The polymer compound according to claim 1 , wherein the low-molecular lignin and/or the low-molecular lignin derivative in the at least one thermoplastic matrix polymera) is present completely dissolved, orb) is present partially dissolved, the undissolved part of the low-molecular lignin and/or of the low-molecular lignin derivative being present in particulate form, and the average particle sizes of these particles being ≦100 nm.4. The polymer compound according to claim 1 , wherein at least one further lignin and/or lignin derivative with a weight-averaged molecular weight of >6 claim 1 ,000 g/mol is contained.5. The polymer compound claim 4 , wherein the weight ratio of the totality of the at least one low-molecular lignin and/or low-molecular lignin derivative to the totality of the at least one further lignin and/or lignin derivative is from 1:99 to 99:1.6. The polymer compound according to claim 1 , wherein the total lignin content is claim 1 , relative to the polymer compound claim 1 , from 0.1 to 80% by weight.7. The polymer compound according to claim 1 , wherein the glass transition temperature of the at least one low-molecular lignin and/or low-molecular lignin derivative is less than the glass transition temperature or the ...

A composition in the form of a lignin polyol, a method for the production thereof and use thereof

The present invention relates to a composition comprising a lignin polyol, a method for the manufacturing of said composition and use thereof in different application areas, such as in adhesives, binders, castings, foams (such as in rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams for thermal insulation and construction applications, semi-rigid, flexible, moulded, laminated, microcellular and viscoelastic polyurethane foams), fillers, glues, sealants, elastomers and rubbers. The present invention also relates to a method for the manufacturing of a foam and use of this foam.

Mineral wool insulation

A method of manufacturing a mineral fibre thermal insulation product comprises the sequential steps of: Forming mineral fibres from a molten mineral mixture; Spraying a substantially formaldehyde free binder solution on to the mineral fibres, the binder solution comprising: a reducing sugar, an acid precursor derivable from an inorganic salt and a source of nitrogen; Collecting the mineral fibres to which the binder solution has been applied to form a batt of mineral fibres; and Curing the batt comprising the mineral fibres and the binder which is in contact with the mineral fibres by passing the batt through a curing oven so as to provide a batt of mineral fibres held together by a substantially water insoluble cured binder.

A method for producing a sizing agent composition, a sizing agent composition and use thereof

The present invention relates to a sizing agent composition comprising starch, lignosulfonate and poly(alkyl acrylate), poly(alkyl (meth)acrylate), a mixture of poly(alkyl acrylate) and poly(alkyl methacrylate) or a copolymer of alkyl acrylate and alkyl (meth)acrylate. The present invention further relates to a method for preparing the sizing agent composition, and use of the sizing agent composition for sizing paper, paper products or board. 1. A sizing agent composition comprising starch , lignosulfonate and poly(alkyl acrylate) or poly(alkyl methacrylate) or mixture of poly(alkyl acrylate) and poly(alkyl methacrylate) or a copolymer of alkyl acrylate and alkyl methacrylate.2. The sizing agent composition according to claim 1 , wherein the starch is anionic starch claim 1 , cationic starch or amphoteric starch claim 1 , preferably anionic starch cationic starch claim 1 , more preferably anionic starch.3. The sizing agent composition according to claim 1 , wherein the starch has a molecular weight Mof at most 10000 g/mol claim 1 , preferably from 300 g/mol to 10000 claim 1 , more preferably from 500 g/mol to 5000 g/mol.4. The sizing agent composition according to claim 1 , wherein the poly(alkyl acrylate) is selected from a group consisting of polymers obtainable by free radical copolymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer of C-C-alkyl acrylate claim 1 , preferably the poly(alkyl acrylate) is poly(tert-butylacrylate); and{'sub': 1', '8, 'the poly(alkyl methacrylate) is selected from a group consisting of polymers obtainable by free radical copolymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer of C-C-alkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably the poly(alkyl methacrylate) is poly(tert-butyl methacrylate).'}5. The sizing agent composition according to claim 1 , wherein the copolymer of alkyl acrylate and alkyl methacrylate is a copolymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomer of C-C-alkyl acrylate and ethylenically unsaturated monomer of C-C- ...

Coated Article and Method for Coating of an Article

The invention describes an extrudable coating composition including a coating thermoplastic polymer and particles, wherein the particles are made from a particle material that has a modulus of compression from 0.1 to 100 MPa. The invention further describes a coating on at least a part of the surface of an article, the coating including a coating thermoplastic polymer and particles, wherein the particles are made from a particle material that has a modulus of compression from 0.1 to 100 MPa and that at least a part of the particles protrude from the surface of the coating. The invention also describes a coated article, in particular an imitation branch, a method of coating an article, and the use of particles made from a particle material with a compression modulus of 0.1 to 100 MPa in a coating composition for the coating of articles. 1. An extrudable coating composition comprising a coating thermoplastic polymer and particles , wherein the particles are made from a particle material that has a modulus of compression from 0.1 to 100 MPa.2. The extrudable coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the particles have a mean particle size dfrom 0.01 to 50 mm claim 1 , in particular from 0.05 to 30 mm or from 0.05 to 20 mm or from 0.1 to 5 mm or from 0.1 to 2 mm and/or that the particles have a cellular structure.3. The extrudable coating composition according to claim 1 , wherein the particle material has a modulus of compression from 0.1 to 50 MPa claim 1 , in particular from 1 to 30 MPa or from 1 to 20 MPa or from 5 to 20 MPa and/or that the particle material is selected from the group consisting of polyisoprene claim 1 , foamed polyisoprene claim 1 , polyurethane claim 1 , foamed polyurethane claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , foamed polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , foamed polypropylene claim 1 , thermoplastic elastomers claim 1 , foamed thermoplastic elastomers claim 1 , cork claim 1 , and mixtures thereof claim 1 , in particular cork.4. The ...

AROMATIC ALCOHOL-LIGNIN-ALDEHYDE RESINS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING AND USING SAME

Aromatic alcohol-lignin-aldehyde resins and process for making and using same. In some examples, a process for making a resin can include heating a first mixture that includes a lignin, an aromatic alcohol, and a base compound to produce a second mixture that can include an activated lignin, the aromatic alcohol, and the base compound. The second mixture can be heated with an aldehyde to produce a third mixture that can include an aromatic alcohol-lignin-aldehyde resin and unreacted free aldehyde. In some examples, an aromatic alcohol-lignin-aldehyde resin can be or include a co-polymer of an activated lignin, an aromatic alcohol, and an aldehyde. A weight ratio of the activated lignin to the aromatic alcohol can be about 20:80 to about 95:5. 1. A process for making a resin , comprising:heating a first mixture comprising a lignin, an aromatic alcohol, and a base compound to produce a second mixture comprising an activated lignin, the aromatic alcohol and the base compound; andheating the second mixture and an aldehyde to produce a third mixture comprising an aromatic alcohol-lignin-aldehyde resin and unreacted free aldehyde.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising reacting at least a portion of the unreacted free aldehyde in the third mixture and an aldehyde scavenger to produce a fourth mixture comprising the aromatic alcohol-lignin-aldehyde resin and the unreacted free aldehyde claim 1 , wherein an amount of the unreacted free aldehyde in the fourth mixture is less than an amount of the unreacted free aldehyde in the third mixture.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the aldehyde scavenger comprises urea claim 2 , an aminotriazine claim 2 , a cycloaliphatic guanamine claim 2 , 2-cyanoguanidine claim 2 , ammonium hydroxide claim 2 , sodium sulfite claim 2 , sodium bisulfite claim 2 , or a mixture thereof.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aromatic alcohol comprises an aromatic alcohol having a chemical structure of R—(OH) claim 1 , wherein R is an ...

THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS AND METHODS FOR MAKING

A process is provided for preparing a thermally conductive polymer composite. The method includes the steps of combining a linear, hydrophilic polymer and an organic, hydrophilic additive to form a blend. The additive includes at least two polar functional groups that are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A thermally conductive polymer is also provided. 1. A process for preparing a thermally conductive polymer composite , the method comprising the steps of:combining a linear, hydrophilic polymer and an organic, hydrophilic additive that includes at least two polar functional groups that are capable of forming hydrogen bonds, andblending to form a thermally conductive polymer composite, wherein the at least two functional groups may be the same or different.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein intermolecular interactions between the polymer and additive lead to self-ordered crystallization within the polymer composite.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the linear claim 1 , hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , linear polysaccharides claim 1 , polyamides claim 1 , polyacrylic acids claim 1 , polyacrylic amides claim 1 , polyurethanes with polyethylene glycol ether soft segments claim 1 , ethoxylated graft polymers claim 1 , and the like claim 1 , and combinations and copolymers thereof.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the organic additive is selected from the group consisting of polyols claim 1 , biopolymers claim 1 , amino acids claim 1 , aminoalcohols claim 1 , dicarboxylic acids claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining further includes the steps of dissolving the linear claim 1 , hydrophilic polymer in aqueous solvent claim 1 , optionally at elevated temperatures claim 1 , to form a polymer solution claim 1 , dissolving the organic claim 1 , hydrophilic additive in aqueous solvent to form an additive solution claim 1 , and combining the polymer solution and ...

Epoxy tannin reaction product compositions

The present application generally relates to epoxy/tannin reaction product compositions, and methods of making and using the epoxy tannin reaction product compositions. The epoxy/tannin reaction product compositions are hardened thermosetting polymeric materials, are substantially homogeneous and substantially free of visible clumps, and have a glass transition temperature of at least 140° C.

Energy recovery when processing materials with reactive fluids

Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for recovering and reusing energy when processing materials with reactive fluids. More particularly, disclosed are methods and apparatuses for recovering and reusing energy from processes in which materials comprising polymers and/or oligomers are treated with a reactive fluid.

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIGNIN-ACRYLONITRILE POLYMER BLEND MATERIALS

A polymer blend material comprising: (i) a lignin component having a weight-average molecular weight of up to 1,000,000 g/mol; and (ii) an acrylonitrile-containing copolymer rubber component comprising acrylonitrile units in combination with diene monomer units, and having an acrylonitrile content of at least 20 mol %; wherein said lignin component is present in an amount of at least 5 wt % and up to about 95 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii); and said polymer blend material possesses a tensile yield stress of at least 5 MPa, or a tensile stress of at least 5 MPa at 10% elongation, or a tensile stress of at least 5 MPa at 100% elongation. Methods for producing the polymer blend, molded forms thereof, and articles thereof, are also described. 1. A polymer blend material comprising:(i) a lignin component having a weight-average molecular weight of up to 1,000,000 g/mol; and(ii) an acrylonitrile-containing copolymer rubber component comprising acrylonitrile units in combination with diene monomer units, and having an acrylonitrile content of at least 20 mol %;wherein said lignin component is present in an amount of at least 5 wt % and up to about 95 wt % by total weight of components (i) and (ii); andsaid polymer blend material possesses either a tensile yield stress of at least 5 MPa, or a tensile stress of at least 5 MPa at 10% elongation, or a tensile stress of at least 5 MPa at 100% elongation.2. The polymer blend material of claim 1 , wherein said acrylonitrile content is at least 30 mol %.3. The polymer blend material of claim 1 , wherein said acrylonitrile content is at least 35 mol %.4. The polymer blend material of claim 1 , wherein said acrylonitrile content is at least 40 mol %.5. The polymer blend material of claim 1 , wherein said lignin is a softwood lignin claim 1 , a hardwood lignin claim 1 , or a grass-derived lignin.6. The polymer blend material of claim 1 , wherein said lignin has a weight-average molecular weight of up to 10 claim 1 , ...

BIO-BASED COMPOSITES, COMPOSITE MATERIALS, AND ADHESIVES

A method for producing an engineered wood material may include a matrix material and filler material. In some embodiments, a separate binder and/or adhesive is not required. The matrix and filler materials may be bio-based and/or renewable materials. The engineered wood material may be produced by compressing the mixed components together under pressure at an elevated temperature for a predetermined amount of time. An advantage of the present invention may be that such materials are easily and cheaply replenished, as opposed to non-bio-based materials which include petroleum-based or other non-renewable products in their manufacture. 1. An engineered wood material , comprising a matrix material and a filler material ,wherein the matrix material is a bio-based material, andwherein the filler material is a bio-based material.2. The engineered wood material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material is present in an amount of about 10% to about 95% of the engineered wood material by weight claim 1 , andwherein the filler material is present in an amount of about 5% to about 90% of the engineered wood material by weight.3. The engineered wood material of claim 2 , wherein the matrix material is present in an amount of about 50% to about 75% of the engineered wood material by weight claim 2 , andwherein the filler material is present in an amount of about 25% to about 50% of the engineered wood material by weight.4. The engineered wood material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material has a protein content of about 10 to about 75% claim 1 , a lignocellulose content of about 25 to about 90% claim 1 , an oil content of about 0 to about 10% claim 1 , and/or a moisture content of about 3 to about 10%.5. The engineered wood material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix material is at least one of dried distillers grains and solubles claim 1 , a soybean flour claim 1 , a soy protein isolate claim 1 , a seed press cake claim 1 , and a ground seed material.6. The engineered wood ...

USE OF POLYCARBOXYLATE ETHERS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ADDITIVES FOR MILLING CEMENT

Use of an aqueous composition containing at least one polycarboxylate ether as cement grinding aid, wherein the aqueous composition contains one or more additives, or the aqueous composition is used in combination with one or more additives, and wherein the additive is selected from 1,3-propanediol, a carboxylic acid, a sulfonated amino alcohol, boric acid, a salt of boric acid, a salt of phosphoric acid, sorbitol, a saccharide, a gluconate, iron sulfate, tin sulfate, an antimony salt, an alkali salt, an alkaline earth salt, lignin sulfonate, glycerol, melamine, melamine sulfonate and mixtures thereof. 1. A method comprising: applying a cement grinding aid , the cement grinding aid comprising an aqueous composition containing at least one polycarboxylate ether as cement grinding aid , wherein the aqueous composition contains one or more additives or the aqueous composition is used in combination with one or more additives , and wherein the additive is selected from 1 ,3-propanediol , a carboxylic acid , a sulfonated amino alcohol , boric acid , a salt of boric acid , a salt of phosphoric acid , sorbitol , a saccharide , a gluconate , iron sulfate , tin sulfate , an antimony salt , an alkali salt , an alkaline earth salt , lignin sulfonate , glycerol , melamine , melamine sulfonate and mixtures thereof.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkali or alkaline earth salt is selected from an alkali or alkaline earth halide claim 1 , an alkali or alkaline earth nitrate claim 1 , an alkali or alkaline earth nitrite claim 1 , and an alkali or alkaline earth thiocyanate claim 1 , and/or the carboxylic acid is selected from formic acid claim 1 , acetic acid claim 1 , propionic acid claim 1 , lactic acid and citric acid.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous composition contains at least one other grinding aid claim 1 , or the aqueous composition and the additive(s) are used in combination with at least one other grinding aid claim 1 ,wherein the ...

Neutral aqueous wax emulsions

Wax emulsions for the manufacture of wallboard include water; a lignosulfonic acid or a salt thereof; and at least one wax selected from the group consisting of slack wax, paraffin wax and montan wax. The emulsions may have a pH of between about 6.5 and 7.9. Such emulsions can provide enhanced moisture resistance to the wallboard.

OXYGEN ASSISTED ORGANOSOLV PROCESS, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DELIGNIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS AND LIGNIN RECOVERY

An oxygen assisted Organosolv process for a more efficient delignification and producing bio-products by decomposing lignocellulosic materials comprises providing a lignin solvent with water, an acid, an oxidant and one or more lignin dissolving chemicals. The process also includes placing biomass in contact with oxidant, acid, water, the lignin solvent in any order or combined to form a recyclable solvent, and recycling at least a portion of the recyclable solvent by circulating the recyclable solvent back into contact with the biomass. The circulating of the recyclable solvent occurs for a period of time, during which, acid and oxidant may be added if necessary as they may be consumed by the process, after which, the process then includes separating material such as chemicals and lignin from the recyclable solvent. The chemicals can be recycled as new lignin dissolving solvent or sold, while lignin can be used as natural and renewable colorant for polymers such as poly lactic acid, or mixed with other polymers as an additive and extruded or injected to consumable polymeric parts, or can be used and the natural source of renewable aromatics. Application of an oxidant will help the overall fractionation process by changing the chemical characteristics of the lignin and therefore allows more lignin to be removed from biomass. At the end, the lignin is separated from the lignin dissolving solvent by a separation process to also reclaim the lignin dissolving solvent for the next fractionation process. 1. An oxygen assisted organosolv process for delignification of lignocellulosic biomass materials comprising:a) Placing a quantity of lignocellulosic biomass in contact with a quantity of oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide to partially or fully impregnate the biomass;b) Placing a quantity of the partially or fully impregnated biomass in contact with a quantity of acid to acidify the impregnated biomass;c) Adding a quantity of water to a quantity of the acidified ...

Polymeric ionic salt catalysts and methods of producing thereof

Provided herein are polymeric ionic salt catalysts that are useful in the non-enzymatic saccharification processes. The catalysts described herein hydrolyze cellulosic materials to produce monosaccharides and/or disaccharides. Saccharification of lignocellulosic materials, such as biomass waste products of agriculture, forestry and waste treatment, are of great economic and environmental relevance. As part of biomass energy utilization, attempts have been made to obtain ethanol (bioethanol) by hydrolyzing cellulose or hemicellulose, which are major constituents of plants.

Acid composition based on leonardite and amino acids

This invention refers to an acid composition containing leonardite, amino acids and surfactants for use as fertiliser, biostimulant and/or nutrient and to a procedure for obtaining this composition.

Process for Producing Lignin from Tobacco

A process for producing lignin from one or more plants of genus is provided. The lignin can be derived inter alia from species biomass. A process such as is described in various embodiments herein also provides articles and compositions that include lignin produced from one or more plants of genus 1. A process for isolating lignin from tobacco biomass , the process comprising:(a) contacting a quantity of tobacco biomass with a quantity of acid to form an acidified digest mixture;(b) contacting a quantity of the acidified digest mixture with a quantity of butanol to form a butanol-containing mixture;(c) effecting a separation of a quantity of the butanol-containing mixture into a butanol-soluble phase and a butanol-insoluble phase; and(d) effecting a removal of butanol from a quantity of the butanol-soluble phase sufficient to yield a quantity of an isolated lignin from the butanol-soluble phase.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is a mineral acid.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the separation comprises solvent extraction claim 1 , chromatography claim 1 , distillation claim 1 , filtration claim 1 , pressing claim 1 , recrystallization claim 1 , and/or solvent-solvent partitioning.4. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises solvent extraction.5. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises chromatography.6. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises distillation.7. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises filtration.8. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises pressing.9. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises recrystallization.10. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the separation comprises solvent-solvent partitioning.11. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the removal is effected by evaporation claim 1 , sublimation claim 1 , lyophilization claim 1 , solvent extraction claim 1 , ...

Efficient methods and compositions for recovery of products from organic acid pretreatment of plant materials

The invention is directed to compositions and processes concerning efficient downstream processing of products derived from organic acids pretreatment of plant materials.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING LIGNIN DURING HYDROTHERMAL DIGESTION OF CELLULOSIC BIOMASS SOLIDS

Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids may be complicated by lignin release therefrom, which can produce a highly viscous phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin polymer. Methods for digesting cellulosic biomass solids may comprise: providing cellulosic biomass solids in the presence of a digestion solvent, molecular hydrogen, and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen; at least partially converting the cellulosic biomass solids into a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase; wherein at least a portion of the slurry catalyst accumulates in the phenolics liquid phase as it forms; and reducing the viscosity of the phenolics liquid phase. 1. A method comprising:providing cellulosic biomass solids in the presence of a digestion solvent, molecular hydrogen, and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen; 'wherein at least a portion of the slurry catalyst accumulates in the phenolics liquid phase as it forms; and', 'at least partially converting the cellulosic biomass solids into a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase;'}reducing the viscosity of the phenolics liquid phase.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:measuring the viscosity of the phenolics liquid phase.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein reducing the viscosity and measuring the viscosity take place at the same time.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcoholic component is formed by a catalytic reduction reaction of soluble carbohydrates claim 1 , the soluble carbohydrates being derived from the cellulosic biomass solids.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the alcoholic component comprises a monohydric alcohol claim 4 , a glycol claim 4 , a triol claim 4 , or any combination thereof.6. The method of ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DISTRIBUTING A SLURRY CATALYST IN CELLULOSIC BIOMASS SOLIDS

Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids may be complicated by release of lignin therefrom. Methods for digesting cellulosic biomass solids may comprise: heating cellulosic biomass solids and a digestion solvent in the presence of molecular hydrogen and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen, thereby forming a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase, the slurry catalyst being distributed in the cellulosic biomass solids and at least a portion of the slurry catalyst accumulating in the phenolics liquid phase as it forms; conveying at least a portion of the phenolics liquid phase and the slurry catalyst to a location above at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass solids; and after conveying the phenolics liquid phase and the slurry catalyst, releasing them such that they come in contact with the cellulosic biomass solids. 1. A method comprising:providing cellulosic biomass solids in a digestion solvent;heating the cellulosic biomass solids and the digestion solvent in the presence of molecular hydrogen and a slurry catalyst capable of activating molecular hydrogen, thereby forming a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase, the slurry catalyst being distributed in the cellulosic biomass solids and at least a portion of the slurry catalyst accumulating in the phenolics liquid phase as it forms;conveying at least a portion of the phenolics liquid phase and the slurry catalyst therein to a location above at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass solids; andafter conveying the phenolics liquid phase and the slurry catalyst, releasing them such that they come in contact with the cellulosic biomass solids.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenolics liquid phase and the slurry ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING LIGNIN DURING HYDROTHERMAL DIGESTION OF CELLULOSIC BIONASS SOLIDS

Digestion of cellulosic biomass solids may be complicated by release of lignin therefrom. Methods for digesting cellulosic biomass solids may comprise: providing cellulosic biomass solids in a digestion solvent; at least partially converting the cellulosic biomass solids into a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase; and separating the phenolics liquid phase from the aqueous phase. 1. A method comprising:providing cellulosic biomass solids in a digestion solvent;at least partially converting the cellulosic biomass solids into a phenolics liquid phase comprising lignin, an aqueous phase comprising an alcoholic component derived from the cellulosic biomass solids, and an optional light organics phase; andseparating the phenolics liquid phase from the aqueous phase.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcoholic component is formed by a catalytic reduction reaction of soluble carbohydrates claim 1 , the soluble carbohydrates being derived from the cellulosic biomass solids.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the alcoholic component comprises a monohydric alcohol claim 2 , a glycol claim 2 , a triol claim 2 , or any combination thereof.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the alcoholic component comprises a glycol.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the aqueous phase is maintained with the cellulosic biomass solids after separating the phenolics liquid phase.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:circulating at least a portion of the aqueous phase through the cellulosic biomass solids.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:at least partially depolymerizing the lignin in the phenolics liquid phase.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein at least partially depolymerizing the lignin comprises heating the phenolics liquid phase to a temperature of at least about 270° C. in the presence of molecular hydrogen and a ...

PLASTICIZED TEREPHTHALATE-BASED POLYESTER BLENDS CONTAINING FATTY ACIDS OR ESTERS THEREOF

A plasticized terephthalate-based polyester blend comprising a terephthalate-based polyester (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, i.e., PET) homogeneously blended with a fatty acid or ester thereof, wherein said fatty acid or ester thereof is present in said polyester blend in an amount of 1-50 wt %. Also described herein is a method for producing a plasticized terephthalate-based polyester blend, the method comprising melt mixing a terephthalate-based polyester with a fatty acid or ester thereof at a temperature in a range of 230-250° C. to produce said polyester blend, wherein said fatty acid or ester thereof is present in said polyester blend in an amount of 1-50 wt % and is homogeneously blended with said terephthalate-based polyester. 1. A plasticized terephthalate-based polyester blend comprising a terephthalate-based polyester homogeneously blended with a fatty acid or ester thereof , wherein said fatty acid or ester thereof is present in said polyester blend in an amount of 1-50 wt %.2. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said fatty acid contains at least eight carbon atoms.3. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said fatty acid contains at least ten carbon atoms.4. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said fatty acid contains at least twelve carbon atoms.5. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said fatty acid is tall oil fatty acid.6. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said terephthalate-based polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.7. The polyester blend of claim 1 , wherein said fatty acid or ester thereof is present in said polyester blend in an amount of 3-30 wt %.8. The polyester blend of claim 1 , further comprising lignin in an amount of 1-50 wt % by weight of said polyester blend claim 1 , wherein said lignin is homogeneously blended in said polyester blend.9. The polyester blend of claim 8 , wherein said lignin has a molecular weight of 500-5000 g/mole.10. The polyester blend of claim 8 , wherein said lignin is present in said ...

RUBBER COMPOUNDS FOR PNEUMATIC TYRE PARTS COMPRISING LIGNIN AS DISPERSING AGENT

A rubber compound for the preparation of pneumatic tyre parts comprising at least a crosslinkable unsaturated-chain polymer base, a filler, a vulcanization system and a dispersing agent comprising, in turn, a functionalized lignin having a plurality of functionalizations of the general formula I 2. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that R is —OArLig and R′ is —OH.3. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that n is between 1 and 5.4. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that said functionalized lignin is derived from Kraft lignin.5. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that said lignin comprises from 10 to 100% of the functionalized hydroxyl groups according to the general formula (I).6. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises silica as a filler.7. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises said functionalized lignin in an amount of between 2 and 6 phr.8. Rubber compound according to claim 1 , characterized in that said functionalized lignin is derived from Kraft lignin.9. Pneumatic tyre portion made with the compound according to .10. Pneumatic tyre comprising a portion according to . The present invention relates to the use of functionalized lignin as a dispersing agent for rubber compounds for pneumatic tyre parts.The usage has long been known of lignin as a dispersing agent within rubber compounds for making pneumatic tyre parts.Lignin is an organic substance that binds the cells and fibers that constitute wood and the lignified elements of plants. After cellulose, it is the most abundant renewable source of carbon on earth. Although it is not possible to define the precise structure of lignin as a chemical molecule, it is however possible to identify lignin as a polymeric structure based on the following three phenylpropane units: -p-coumaryl alcohol; -coniferyl alcohol (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamyl alcohol); -sinapyl ...

IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS

A thermoelectric material comprising carbon nanotubes and lignin. The carbon nanotubes are present as fibres and the lignin is present in pores and/or voids in the carbon nanotube fibres. The lignin may act as a dopant to increase the thermoelectric efficiency of the carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes in particular. A method of forming a thermoelectric material involving impregnating fibres of carbon nanotubes with lignin, is also provided. A thermoelectric element, a fabric and a thermoelectric device comprising the thermoelectric material are also provided. The thermoelectric material may be particularly useful for the production of wearable thermoelectric devices. 1. A thermoelectric material comprising carbon nanotubes and lignin.2. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are multi-walled carbon nanotubes.3. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotubes are in the form of fibres having a specific surface area between 50 and 2000 cm/g.4. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is an organosolve lignin.5. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , comprising at least 2 wt % lignin.6. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , comprising at least 10 wt % lignin.7. The thermoelectric material according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material is a yarn comprising fibres of the carbon nanotubes.8. A thermoelectric element comprising a thermoelectric material according to .9. A fabric comprising a thermoelectric material according to .10. A thermoelectric device comprising a thermoelectric material according to .11. The thermoelectric device according to claim 10 , wherein the thermoelectric device is adapted to be arranged in use on a user's body and to generate electricity from heat from said body of said user.12. A method of forming a thermoelectric material comprising carbon nanotubes and lignin claim 10 , the method ...

LIGNIN BIOMATERIAL AS AGRICULTURAL DRUG CARRIER

The present invention provides lignin nanoparticles containing a hydrophobic active agent and a process for the production of the lignin nanoparticles. The process involves the following steps: (i) dissolving modified lignin and a hydrophobic active agent in an organic solvent having low solubility in water; (ii) combining the solution with water and a surfactant to form a pre-emulsion; (iii) forming an emulsion from the pre-emulsion; and (iv) crosslinking the modified lignin to form the lignin nanoparticles, in which the modified lignin is lignin which is chemically modified to contain at least two functional groups suitable for polymerization and/or crosslinking. 1. Lignin nanoparticles comprising crosslinked lignin and a hydrophobic active agent.2. The lignin nanoparticles of claim 1 , wherein the lignin nanoparticles are not hollow.3. The lignin nanoparticles of claim 1 , having a number average diameter of from 50 nm to 1 μm as determined by DLS.4. The lignin nanoparticles of claim 1 , obtained by a process comprising the following steps:(i) dissolving modified lignin and a hydrophobic active agent in an organic solvent having low solubility in water;(ii) combining the solution with water and a surfactant to form a pre-emulsion;(iii) forming an emulsion from the pre-emulsion; and(iv) crosslinking the modified lignin to form lignin nanoparticles comprising the hydrophobic active agent,wherein the modified lignin is lignin which is chemically modified to comprise at least two functional groups suitable for polymerization and/or crosslinking.5. The lignin nanoparticles of claim 4 , further comprising after the crosslinking step (iv) a step (v):(v) evaporating the organic solvent.6. The lignin nanoparticles of claim 4 , wherein the modified lignin is a lignin which is chemically modified to comprise at least two functional groups per modified lignin molecule which are suitable for polymerization and/or crosslinking claim 4 , wherein the functional groups are (meth) ...

POROUS CARBON STRUCTURE PRODUCTION

A process is provided for producing a structure into which blood or other bio-fluids can flow by capillary action, e.g. for a whole blood microsampling probe. The process comprises mixing particles of novolak resin and particles of hydrocarbon polymer, producing an uncarbonized structure from the mixture by pressurised moulding and carbonizing the moulded structure, the hydrocarbon resin being a polymer such as polystyrene that on pyrolysis has a zero carbon yield, and the particles of the hydrocarbon polymer leaving voids in the carbonized structure of sufficient size for flow of whole blood into and through the structure. The particles may be of partly cured and milled novolak resin, the novolak particles when in the moulded structure not exhibiting bulk flow during carbonization but sintering at inter-particle contact points during carbonization to provide a consolidated structure. In this variant, ethylene glycol may be used as a sintering aid. Alternatively, the particles may be of fully cured and milled novolak resin, and are mixed with the hydrocarbon polymer , the lubricant and with a binder such as lignin for providing a consolidated structure. 1. A process for producing a structure into which blood or other bio-fluids can flow by capillary action , said process comprising:mixing particles of novolak resin and particles of hydrocarbon polymer;producing an uncarbonized structure from the mixture by pressurised moulding; andcarbonizing the moulded structure, the hydrocarbon polymer being a polymer that on pyrolysis has a zero carbon yield, and the particles of the hydrocarbon polymer leaving voids in the carbonized structure of sufficient size for flow of whole blood into and through the structure to be enhanced.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particles of novolak resin are of mean size 40-70 μm and have been classified to remove powder of size less than 20 μm.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particles of hydrocarbon polymer have a mean ...

Method for manufacturing purified lignin composite material and product thereof

A method for manufacturing a purified lignin composite material and a product thereof are provided. The method includes a raw material preparation procedure for preparing a powder material; a lignin purification procedure, the powder material being processed into a pure lignin powder; and a lignin mixing procedure, the pure lignin powder being mixed with starch and a binder to produce the purified lignin composite material. 1. A method for manufacturing a purified lignin composite material , comprising a raw material preparation procedure , a lignin purification procedure , and a lignin mixing procedure;in the raw material preparation procedure, a vegetable material containing lignin being performed with a drying process and treated to a moisture content of 15% or less and performed with a crushing process and a pulverizing process to form a powder material having a fineness of 20 to 500 μm;in the lignin purification procedure, the powder material being put into a reaction tank and added with soft water of 10 times by weight of the powder material and a fiber hydrolytic enzyme of 1-2 thousandths by weight of the powder material for performing a fiber hydrolysis saccharification treatment, cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the powder material being decomposed into saccharide dissolved in water to form a saccharide aqueous solution containing solid lignin, yeast of 1-2 thousandths by weight of the powder material being added for performing a fermentation treatment, the saccharide aqueous solution containing solid lignin being fermented into a fermentation aqueous solution containing solid lignin and ethanol, the solid lignin being partially separated by a solid-liquid separation treatment and performed with an oven-drying process to produce a pure lignin powder; andthe lignin mixing procedure being based on an overall weight ratio, the pure lignin powder having a weight ratio of 30-70%, starch having a weight ratio of 0-30% and a binder having a weight ratio of ...

Method for analyzing a cork stopper for the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole and device for performing the same

A non-destructive method for analyzing a cork stopper for the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole. The stopper is introduced into a hermetically closed container. The container containing the stopper is heated under conditions vaporizing any 2,4,6-trichloroanisole present in the stopper. A gaseous sample of the atmosphere surrounding the stopper in the container is collected and analyzed for the presence of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole. This method allows the selection, in a batch of cork stoppers, of the stoppers that are substantially free of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole, in a non-destructive manner.

Liquid lignin composition, lignin-based resin, and method of increasing the solubility of lignin

The present invention relates to a liquid lignin mixture comprising 3-50 wt % methanol, 12-50 wt % lignin and 5-85 wt % aqueous alkali solution wherein the concentration of said aqueous alkali solution is 1 to 50 wt % of alkali in water, based on the weight of said alkali solution prior to mixing with the other components of the mixture. The liquid lignin mixture can be used to manufacture lignin-based phenolic resins, which are particularly useful in the manufacture of laminates.

PROTEIN-CONTAINING ADHESIVES, AND MANUFACTURE AND USE THEREOF

The invention provides protein adhesives and methods of making and using such adhesives. One type of protein adhesive described herein contains lignin and ground plant meal or an isolated polypeptide composition obtained from plant biomass. Other types of protein adhesives described herein contain a plant protein composition and either a hydroxyaromatic/aldehyde, urea/aldehyde, or amine/aldehyde component. 1. An adhesive composition in the form of a liquid comprising:(a) lignin;(b) a plant protein composition; and(c) water.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plant protein composition is derived from corn claim 1 , wheat claim 1 , sunflower claim 1 , cotton claim 1 , rapeseed claim 1 , canola claim 1 , castor claim 1 , soy claim 1 , camelina claim 1 , flax claim 1 , jatropha claim 1 , mallow claim 1 , peanuts claim 1 , algae claim 1 , sugarcane bagasse claim 1 , tobacco claim 1 , whey claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plant protein composition is ground plant meal.4. (canceled)5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the plant protein composition is isolated polypeptide composition.6. (canceled)7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the isolated polypeptide composition comprises one or more of the following features:{'sup': −1', '−1', '−1', '−1, '(a) an amide-I absorption band between about 1620 cmand 1632 cmand an amide-II band between approximately 1514 cmand 1521 cm, as determined by solid state Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FTIR),'}{'sup': '−1', '(b) a prominent 2° amide N—H stretch absorption band centered at about 3272 cm, as determined by solid state FTIR,'}(c) an average molecular weight of between about 600 and about 2,500 Daltons,{'sup': 15', '1', '1, '(d) two protonated nitrogen clusters defined by N chemical shift boundaries at about 86.2 ppm and about 87.3 ppm, and H chemical shift boundaries at about 7.14 ppm and 7.29 ppm for the first cluster, and H chemical shift boundaries at about 6.66 ...

COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING LIGNIN AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME

A composition may include at least 50 wt-% of a first lignin component; and up to 50 wt % of a second lignin component. The first and second lignin components may include processed lignin or native lignin. The composition may include at least 80 wt-% processed lignin; and at least 1 wt-%) of a blend component comprising an aromatic ring and one or more electron withdrawing groups. The processed lignin may include kraft lignin or GVL lignin or both. The composition may include a lignin component and a non-lignin blend component. Polymeric articles formed from the composition by casting, molding, or extrusion may exhibit a tensile strength of 20 MPa or greater, or a tensile elongation at break of 1.5%> or greater. 1. A composition comprising:at least 80 wt-% of processed lignin; andat least 1 wt-% of a blend component.2. (canceled)3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the processed lignin comprises kraft lignin.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lignin is not sulfonated.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the blend component comprises an electron donating group claim 1 , an electron withdrawing group claim 1 , or both.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the blend component comprises a nitroaniline claim 1 , an anthraquinone claim 1 , or a combination thereof.7. (canceled)8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein articles formed from the composition by casting claim 1 , molding claim 1 , or extrusion exhibit a tensile strength of 20 MPa or greater.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein articles formed from the composition by casting claim 1 , molding claim 1 , or extrusion exhibit a tensile elongation at break of 1.5% or greater.10. A composition comprising:at least 80 wt-% of a first lignin component; andup to 20 wt-% of a second lignin component different from the first lignin component.11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the first lignin component comprises kraft lignin.12. (canceled)13. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the composition ...

RESIST COMPOSITION AND PATTERN FORMATION METHOD USING SAME, COMPOUND AND RESIN

The present invention provides a resist composition comprising one or more tannin compounds selected from the group consisting of a tannin comprising at least one acid dissociation reactive group in the structure and a derivative thereof, and a resin obtained using the tannin or the derivative as a monomer, and a pattern formation method using the same, a compound and a resin. 1. A resist composition comprising one or more tannin compounds selected from the group consisting of a tannin comprising at least one acid dissociation reactive group in the structure and a derivative thereof , and a resin obtained using the tannin or the derivative as a monomer.5. The resist composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a solvent.6. The resist composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an acid generating agent.7. The resist composition according to claim 1 , further comprising an acid diffusion controlling agent.8. A method for forming a pattern claim 1 , comprising the steps of:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'forming a resist film on a substrate using the resist composition according to ;'}exposing the resist film; anddeveloping the resist film, thereby forming a pattern.10. A resin obtained using the compound according to as a monomer.12. A resin obtained using the compound according to as a monomer.14. A resin obtained using the compound according to as a monomer. The present invention relates to a compound or a resin for use mainly as a lithography material, a resist composition comprising the compound or the resin, and a pattern formation method using the resist composition.Conventional typical resist materials are polymer based resist materials capable of forming amorphous thin films. Examples include polymer based resist materials such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyhydroxy styrene with an acid dissociation reactive group, and polyalkyl methacrylate. A line pattern of about 45 to 100 nm is formed by irradiating a resist thin film ...

METHOD FOR SEPARATING AND RECOVERING LIGNIN and MELTABLE FLOWABLE BIOLIGNIN POLYMERS

Lignin is recovered from biomass or byproducts from biomass processing through the use of organic solvents and water while modifying the form or composition of the lignin. During the separation and recovery process, the lignin can be modified or integrated into a form which is more suitable for its intended use. As the lignin is suspended or is soluble within the organic solvent, the integration of materials or reactants may be more easily blended or dispersed within the lignin to improve performance, quality and overall production efficiency. 1. A method of recovering lignin from biomass comprising the steps of:mixing biomass with a lignin solvent to form a mixture of biomass and solvent,heating the mixture of biomass and solvent to allow at least a portion of lignin from the biomass to become soluble in the solvent,separating a portion of solids from the lignin solvent,separating an organic layer from the separated lignin solvent,processing the organic layer to recover lignin or a concentrated form or lignin,processing the organic layer or concentrated form of lignin to enhance the processibility of the organic layer, and/orprocessing the organic layer or concentrated form of lignin to enhance the properties of the lignin.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , any form of biomass or agricultural residue claim 1 , agricultural byproduct claim 1 , or any plant based product to include claim 1 , but not limited to wood biomass claim 1 , algae claim 1 , crop residue claim 1 , kraft black liquor claim 1 , recovered kraft lignin claim 1 , lignosulfonate and cellulosic biorefinery byproducts.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignin solvent is comprised of a water insoluble claim 1 , non-polar or hydrophobic solvent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignin solvent contains n-butanol claim 1 , methyl butenol or mixtures thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignin solvent is or contains a portion of any ...

A Method for Producing High-activity Lignin and By-product Furfural and Application

A method for producing high-activity lignin and by-product furfural and an application, includes: using a dissolving pulp pre-hydrolysate and/or sulfite cooking liquor as the raw material, and catalyzing by employing an acid as a catalyst to obtain the lignin and furfural, wherein the acid is one or a combination of at least two of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and acetic acid. According to the method, the yield of the obtained lignin and furfural is further increased by catalyzing the dissolving pulp pre-hydrolysate and/or the sulfite cooking liquor with the acid. Lignin especially has higher reactivity and low molecular weight, and the ratio of 5-methyl furfural in furfural to furfural is in a proper range, so that the strength of furan resin prepared from furfural is improved.

LIGNIN DISPERSION COMPOSITION AND ITS USE IN STABILIZING EMULSIONS

A lignin dispersion composition comprising spherical lignin particles dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein the spherical lignin particles have a size exclusively within a range of 100 nm to 5 microns. Also described herein is a method of producing the lignin dispersion, by: (i) dissolving lignin in an organic solvent substantially devoid of water yet miscible with water to result in a solution of the lignin in the organic solvent; and (ii) producing the lignin dispersion by dialyzing the solution of the lignin with water until substantially all of the organic solvent is replaced with water with simultaneous formation of spherical lignin particles dispersed in the water. Also described herein is a method for stabilizing an emulsion by intimately mixing the emulsion with the lignin dispersion. Also described herein is a hierarchical assembly of porous microparticles produced by mixing the lignin dispersion with an emulsion and an amphiphilic block copolymer. 1. A lignin dispersion composition comprising spherical lignin particles dispersed in an aqueous medium , wherein the spherical lignin particles have a size exclusively within a range of 100 nm to 5 microns.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition does not contain a surfactant.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium is at least 95 vol % water.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium contains a water-miscible organic solvent in an amount of up to 1 vol %.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the spherical lignin particles have a size exclusively within a range of 200 nm to 2 microns.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the spherical lignin particles are substantially uniform in size as characterized by a median particle size within a range of 400 nm to 4.9 microns and a maximum deviation from said median particle size of ±100 nm.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the spherical lignin particles are substantially uniform in size as characterized by a ...

MOLDINGS MADE FROM PELLETS AND 2K-PU ADHESIVES COMPRISING ALIPHATIC ISOCYANATES

Moldings comprising pellets of natural raw materials having a particle size from 0.5 to 15 mm, bonded with a two-component polyurethane adhesive, said adhesive containing oligomers of aliphatic isocyanates as the isocyanate component. 1. A molding comprising pellets of plant-based raw materials having a particle size from 0.5 to 15 mm , bonded with a two-component polyurethane adhesive , said adhesive comprising a mixture of a polyol component and an isocyanate component comprising oligomers of aliphatic isocyanates.2. The molding according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is liquid at room temperature.3. The molding according to claim 1 , wherein the molding contains 10 to 30 wt. % of two-component polyurethane adhesives and 90 to 10 wt. % of pellets of plant-based raw materials.4. The molding according to claim 3 , wherein the pellets of plant-based raw materials are cork pellets.5. The molding according to claim 4 , wherein the two-component polyurethane adhesive contains polyols having an average functionality of between 2 and 6.6. The molding according to claim 5 , wherein up to 80 mol % of all NCO groups are NCO groups of MDI and derivatives thereof.7. The molding according to claim 1 , wherein isocyanurates claim 1 , biurets claim 1 , carbodiimides or uretonimines of an aliphatic diisocyanate based on HDI or IPDI are used as the isocyanate component.8. The molding according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is crosslinked.9. The molding according to claim 8 , wherein the crosslinked molding has an F (compression) to F (recovery) ratio K claim 8 , i.e. K=F (compression): F (recovery) claim 8 , of 5 to 10 (method of determination for cork testing in accordance with Portuguese standard NP 2803 claim 8 , force measurement in accordance with NP 2803-3 (1996) at 23° C. and 50% relative humidity).10. The molding according to claim 1 , wherein the molding is a bottle stopper.11. A method for producing a molding according to claim 1 , comprising:providing a liquid ...

Lignin Enhanced Wood-Plastic Material and Preparation Method thereof

It discloses a lignin enhanced wood-plastic composite, belonging to the field of polymer based composites. The wood-plastic composite is composed of one or more of plant fiber, lignin, a recycled thermoplastic plastic, mineral powder and a processing aid, and is processed by a screw granulating extrusion process. Compared with the prior art, the mechanical properties, heat stability and aging resistance of a wood-plastic material are improved by adding lignin into the wood-plastic material according to the present invention. 1. A lignin enhanced wood-plastic material , characterized in that a formula of the wood-plastic material comprises the following components in parts by weight:20-60 parts of lignocellulose,20-40 parts of lignin,20-40 parts of recycled thermoplastic plastic,2-10 parts of a compatilizer,5-10 parts of inorganic mineral powder,1-5 parts of a coloring agent, and1-5 parts of a lubricant.2. The lignin enhanced wood-plastic material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the lignocellulose is any one of or a combination of more of wood flour claim 1 , bamboo powder claim 1 , straw powder claim 1 , cotton stalks claim 1 , wood processing leftovers claim 1 , xylose residues and furfural residues.3. The lignin enhanced wood-plastic material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the lignin is any one of or a combination of more of papermaking lignin claim 1 , enzymatic hydrolysis lignin claim 1 , alkali lignin claim 1 , organic solvent lignin and lignosulfonate.4. The lignin enhanced wood-plastic material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the recycled thermoplastic plastic is any one of or a combination of more of recycled PP claim 1 , recycled PE claim 1 , recycled PVC claim 1 , recycled PS claim 1 , recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and recycled polyamide.5. The lignin enhanced wood-plastic material according to claim 1 , characterized in that the compatilizer is one of or a mixture of more of maleic anhydride ...

RESOLE PHENOLIC RESINS, PROCESSES OF SYNTHESIS OF SAID RESINS AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to resole-type phenolic resin synthesis processes using lignin, to resole-type phenolic resins comprising aldehyde, lignin, a base, urea, and optionally phenol, as well as to the use of said phenolic resins for application as an adhesive. 1. Phenolic resin synthesis process , characterized in that it comprises the steps of:a) mixing phenol, lignin and optionally aldehyde at a temperature range of 25 to 60° C. until fully homogenized;b) adding a catalyst;c) adding aldehyde until it reaches a temperature of 45 to 95° C.;d) keeping the obtained product at a temperature of 45 to 95° C.;e) adding catalyst to the obtained product;f) keeping the obtained product at a temperature ranging from 45 to 95° C.;g) adjusting the temperature of the obtained product to 40 to 70° C.;h) optionally adding a catalyst;i) adding urea;j) optionally keeping the obtained product at a temperature of 40 to 70° C.; andk) cooling to room temperature.2. Synthesis process according to claim 1 , characterized in that it further comprises the addition of glycol claim 1 , wherein glycol is added alongg with the mixture of step (a) claim 1 , or immediately after step (a) claim 1 , or at the end of the process; or wherein a fraction of the total amount of glycol is added along with the mixture of step (a) or immediately after that step and the other fraction of the total amount of glycol is added at the end of the process.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. Synthesis process according to claim 1 , characterized in that it further comprises the addition of water claim 1 , wherein water is added in steps (a) claim 1 , (b) claim 1 , (c) claim 1 , (e) claim 1 , (g) claim 1 , (h) claim 1 , (i) and/or step (i) and/or (k); wherein when water is added in step (a) claim 1 , 5 to 50% of the total amount of aldehyde added to the process is diluted in 50 to 80% of the total amount of water added to the process claim 1 , and the dilution of the aldehyde in step (a) of the ...

PRODUCTION OF LIGNIN PARTICLES

The invention relates to a method for producing lignin particles, comprising the steps of: a) extracting lignin from a lignincontaining starter material, using a mixture that comprises at least one organic solvent and water, and b) precipitating the lignin in the solution from step a). 1. A process for the production of lignin particles , comprising the steps of:a) extracting lignin from a lignin-containing starting material by using a mixture comprising at least one organic solvent and water, andb) precipitating the lignin in solution from step a).2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein insoluble components present in the solution from step a) are removed prior to step b).3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the solution for precipitation in step b) comprises a maximum of 1% of insoluble components.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step b) claim 1 , the lignin in solution is precipitated by decreasing the pH and/or by reducing the concentration of the organic solvent in the organic solvent/water mixture.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein organic solvent is removed from the lignin-containing organic solvent/water mixture at a rate of 0.1 to 2% by weight/min.6. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the organic solvent/water mixture is exposed to a pressure of 50 to 500 mbar claim 4 , in order to precipitate lignin particles.7. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the organic solvent/water mixture is exposed to a temperature of 20° C. to 60° C.8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein prior to precipitating it out claim 1 , the lignin in solution is adjusted to 0.1 to 50 g of lignin/L of organic solvent/water mixture.9. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the pH of the organic solvent/water mixture upon precipitation of the lignin by reducing the concentration of the organic solvent in the organic solvent/water mixture is decreased by adding a water-acid mixture with a pH of 1 to 6.10. The process ...

Flame retardant polymer composite materials and methods of making the same

A polymer composite material includes a blend of one or more thermoplastic polymers and one or more bio-based flame retardant additives, wherein the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives are present in an amount of 35 to 100 parts per 100 parts by weight of the one or more thermo-plastic polymers. A method of forming the polymer composite material includes: blending the one or more thermoplastic polymers and the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives together at a temperature between 140° C. and 230° C. to form the polymer composite material; forming an article from the polymer composite material; and cooling the formed article.

LIGNIN SOLVATION USING AQUEOUS BIOLOGICALLY COMPATIBLE BUFFERS

Provided are aqueous lignin solutions containing lignin solvated in Good's Buffers. The aqueous lignin solutions can be used in a variety of applications including biomedical research and in manufacturing a variety of lignin containing products including food grade and biomedical products. The aqueous lignin solutions can also be used in the treatment of microbial infection, as an adjuvant in antimicrobial therapeutics or therapy, and in forming antimicrobial products. Methods of making and using aqueous lignin solutions are also described. 1. An aqueous lignin solution comprising lignin solvated in a Good's buffer solution.2. The aqueous lignin solution of claim 1 , wherein a Good's buffer in the Good's buffer solution is a zwitterionic N-substituted aminosulfonic acid.3. The aqueous lignin solution of claim 2 , wherein the Good's buffer is selected from the group consisting of:3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid (MOPS),4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid (EPPS),3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS),2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]sulfonic acid (HEPES),N-cyclohexyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (CHES),2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES),N-(2-Acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (ACES),N-(1,1-Dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-3-amino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (AMPSO),N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (BES),N-cyclohexyl-3-aminobutanesulfonic acid (CABS),N-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxyl3-aminopropanesulfonic acid (CAPSO),3-(N,N-Bis[2-hydroxyethyl]amino)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid (DIPSO),N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N′-(4-butanesulfonic acid) (HEPBS),3-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]propanesulfonic acid (HEPPS),4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-(2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid) (HEPPSO),4-Morpholinobutanesulfonic acid (MOBS),β-Hydroxy-4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid (MOPSO),1,4-Piperazinediethanesulfonic acid (PIPES),Piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid) (POPSO),N-[Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-3-aminobutanesulfonic ...

Processes for producing lignin-coated hydrophobic cellulose, and compositions and products produced therefrom

Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A SOLUTION OF LIGNIN IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM

The present invention relates to a process for lignin dissolution in which partial methylolation of lignin is carried out during the step of preparing a solution of lignin in an aqueous medium comprising alkali. The lignin prepared according to the process of the present invention can be used to manufacture lignin-based phenolic resins, which are particularly useful in the manufacture of laminates. 1. A method for dissolving lignin in an aqueous medium comprising the steps ofa) mixing lignin, alkali and formaldehyde in an aqueous medium;b) mixing until a solution of lignin in the aqueous medium has been obtained;wherein the molar ratio between the formaldehyde and lignin monomer is 0.4 or less.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio between the formaldehyde and lignin is in the range of from 0.01 to 0.3.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the molar ratio between the formaldehyde and lignin is in the range of from 0.01 to 0.2.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin has been isolated and/or purified before step a).5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the lignin has been isolated from black liquor before step a).6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof.7. A method for preparing a resin comprising the steps ofa) mixing lignin, alkali and formaldehyde in an aqueous medium;b) mixing until a solution of lignin in the aqueous medium has been obtained;c) keeping the mixture obtained in step b) at a temperature in the range of from 30° C. to 95° C. and;d) adding additional formaldehyde and phenol ande) maintaining the mixture at a temperature of from 30° C. to 95° C. for at least 30 minutes;wherein the molar ratio between the formaldehyde and lignin in step a) is 0.4 or less.8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the ratio between the formaldehyde and lignin in step a) is from 0.01 to 0. ...

Binder Compositions and Uses Thereof

The present invention relates to a new aqueous curable binder composition comprising a polyphenolic macromolecular compound which bears a multitude of catechol radicals (dihydroxybenzene), preferably lignosulfonate salts and condensed tannins and mixtures thereof, and a polyamine functional compound comprising primary and/or secondary and/or tertiary and/or quaternary amine functional groups, suitable for bonding particulate matter, such as fibers, more particulary mineral wool fibers, or particles, such as wood particles. 1. An aqueous curable binder composition comprising (i) a polyphenolic macromolecular compound which bears a multitude of phenol or polyhydroxybenzene radicals or catechol radicals (dihydroxybenzene) , selected from lignosulfonate salts and condensed tannins and mixtures thereof , and (ii) a polyamine functional compound comprising primary and/or secondary and/or tertiary and/or quaternary amine functional groups , and/or reaction product of (i) and (ii) , the ratio of polyphenolic macromolecular compound to polyamine functional compound ranging from 98:2 to 50:50 w %.2. The aqueous curable binder composition of wherein the lignosulfonate salt is selected from calcium lignosulfonate claim 1 , sodium lignosulfonate claim 1 , ammonium lignosulfonate claim 1 , magnesium lignosulfonate and mixtures thereof.3. The aqueous curable binder composition of wherein the polyamine functional compound is selected from diamines claim 1 , triamines claim 1 , tetramines claim 1 , pentamines and polymeric polyamines or polyimines claim 1 , such as hexamethylenediamine claim 1 , diethylenetetramine claim 1 , diethylenetriamine claim 1 , polyethyleneimine (PEI) claim 1 , polyvinyl amine claim 1 , polyether amine claim 1 , polylysine claim 1 , ethylene diamine claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3-diaminopropane claim 1 , cadaverine claim 1 , spermidine claim 1 , spermine claim 1 , putrescine claim 1 , tetraethylmethylenediamine claim 1 , and triethylenetetramine claim 1 , different ...

AN ACTIVATED LIGNIN COMPOSITION, A METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURING THEREOF AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to an activated lignin composition, its manufacture and its use thereof. It also relates to a resin comprising lignin, its manufacture and use. 1. An activated lignin composition , in the form of a dispersion , comprising one or more aqueous or water soluble dispersants and catalysts , and lignin , wherein said lignin has an average particle size of from about 0.1 nm to about 10000 nm and preferably in a range from about 100 to about 1000 nm2. (canceled)3. A method for the making an activated lignin composition comprising the following steps:i) providing a lignin,ii) adding one or more aqueous or water soluble dispersant(s),iii) adding an alkali metal-based or acidic catalyst, andiv) mixing said components and at the same time reducing the particle size of the lignin, whereby said components are subjected to high shear and flow, thus providing said composition.4. A method for the making an activated lignin composition according to wherein the mixing step includes using a high shear treatment that involves using a mixer with a rotor-stator setup either in batch- or in inline configuration whereby the rotor-stator setup comprises a rotational element which turns at high speeds with a stationary element or said setup consists of disc-type rotational element comprising saw teeth and/or star-shaped rotational element which turns at high speeds without a stationary element claim 3 , thus generating high shear and turbulence.5. A method for the making an activated lignin composition according to wherein the high shear treatment involves rotational speeds of above at least about 100 rpm claim 4 , preferably above at least about 1 claim 4 ,000 rpm claim 4 , most preferred above at least about 10 claim 4 ,000 rpm.6. A composition in the form of a dispersion obtainable by the method according to .7. (canceled)8. A method for manufacturing a lignin-phenol formaldehyde resin comprising the following steps:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim ...

A PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A PRECURSOR YARN

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing precursor yarn comprising lignin, which may be further processed into intermediate carbon fibers and finally also carbon fibers. It also relates to carbon fibers and uses of said fibers. Said method involves applying a water-free spin finish. 1. A method for manufacturing a precursor yarn comprising lignin , comprising the following steps:a) providing cellulose and/or a cellulose derivative,b) providing lignin and/or a lignin derivative,c) dissolution of said components followed by subsequent mixing thus providing a dope,d) performing a spinning of the dope to a precursor material,e) applying a water-free spin finish on said precursor material, andf) drying of said precursor material, thus providing a precursor yarn comprising lignin.2. A method according to wherein the spinning in step d) is performed through a solution spinning or wet-spinning.3. A method according to wherein the application in step e) is performed by using a bath claim 1 , oiler stone or dip roller or a combination thereof.4. A method according to wherein the water-free spin finish in step e) comprises at least one organic solvent with a boiling point lower than 130° C.5. A method according to wherein the water-free spin finish in step e) comprises one or more aprotic polar solvents with a dipole moment in the range of from 5×10Cm to 10×10Cm claim 4 , and/or one or more protic polar solvents with a dipole moment in the range of from 5×10Cm to 8×10Cm.8. A method according to wherein the water-free spin finish additionally contains one or more anti-static agents.9. A method according to wherein the water-free spin finish additionally is mixed with a water-containing spin finish within the range of from 1:10 to 10:1.10. A method according to wherein the temperature which is applied during the drying step f) does not exceed 150° C.11. A method according to wherein the water-free spin finish is applied before drying claim 1 , after drying or ...

Activated carbon materials, and methods of preparing thereof and uses thereof

Provided is a method of producing activated carbon from a resin composite made up of furanic polymer. The method includes producing a resin composite from feedstock (e.g., in the presence of an acid and a salt), combining the resin composite with a base to form an impregnated material, and carbonizing the impregnated material to produce the activated carbon. Provided herein are also resin composites and activated carbon materials.

AQUEOUS LIGNIN AND HEMICELLULOSE DISPERSION

A stable aqueous dispersion of solids in a liquid medium includes from 10 to 50 weight % (or 10 to 40 or 15 to 35 or 20 to 35 weight %), with respect to the total weight of the composition, of solids comprising a mixture of condensed and non-condensed lignin in an amount of at least 10 weight % (or 20 or 30 or 40 or 50 weight %) of the solids, and hemicellulose in an amount of at least 1 weight % (or 5 or 10 or 20 or 30 or 40 weight %) of the solids, in a substantially aqueous liquid medium. 1. A stable aqueous dispersion comprising:from 10 to 50 weight % (or 10 to 40 or 15 to 35 or 20 to 35 weight %) with respect to the total weight of the composition, solids stably dispersed in a liquid medium; (i) lignin in an amount of at least 10 weight % (or 20 or 30 or 40 or 50 weight %) of the solids, and', '(ii) hemicellulose in an amount of at least 1 weight % (or 5 or 10 or 20 or 30 or 40 weight %) of the solids,, 'wherein the solids comprises a. water, and', 'b. less than 5% by volume (or 2.5 or 1% by volume) with respect to the liquid medium of a C1-C10 alcohol,, 'wherein the liquid medium comprises'}wherein the dispersion comprises less than 500 parts per million (ppm) (or 200, or 100 or 50 ppm) of sulfur, andwherein the dispersion further comprises at least one basic compound and has a pH in the range of 8.0 to 11.2. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the lignin comprises less than 50 weight % (or 40 or 30 or 20 or 10 weight %) of condensed oligomers/polymers claim 1 , and 50% weight % (or 60 or 70 or 80 or 90 weight %) or greater of non-condensed monomers/oligomers/polymers.3. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the solids comprise less than 5 weight % (or 2.5 or 1 or 0.5 weight %) solids of any of the monosaccharides selected from the group of xylose claim 1 , mannose claim 1 , galactose claim 1 , rhamnose claim 1 , and arabinose.4. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the basic compound comprises at least one of an alkali metal carbonate and bicarbonate claim 1 , ...

Multi-step process for the isolation of components from miscanthus

The invention relates to a process for the isolation of components from plant material of Miscanthus . The process comprises three subsequent extractions. The first extraction yields an extract comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of antioxidants, polyphenols, proteins, sterols, acids, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes and aromatic compounds. Thereafter, the plant material is subjected to two extractions with a metal hydroxide (e.g. NaOH), the first performed at a lower pH than the second. These steps yield a sugar fraction and a lignin fraction, respectively. Finally, from the residue after the third extraction, cellulose is isolated.

PROTECTIVE MEMBRANE COMPOSITION

The present invention concerns a protective membrane composition comprising: 1. Protective membrane composition for a roof covering , comprising: a) a refined pyrolytic lignin having a viscosity ≧3000 mPa·s at 180° C., measured according to the ASTM D2171 standard method, and a bituminous composition, or', 'b) said refined pyrolytic lignin, and at least one oil chosen from the group consisting of vegetable oils, petrochemical oils, and mixtures thereof, where the bio-based composition is substantially free of any additional bituminous composition content,, 'a bio-based composition containingat least one polymer forming a polymeric matrix, wherein said bio-based composition is homogenously dispersed, andthe protective membrane composition having a Newtonian viscosity comprised between 1500 and 30000 mPa·s, preferably between 3000 and 15000 mPa·s, determined according to the ASTM D2171 standard method.2. Protective membrane composition according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based composition (a) comprises between 15-97% by weight of the bituminous composition or wherein the bio-based composition (b) comprises between 15-97% by weight of said at least one oil claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the protective membrane composition.3. Protective membrane composition according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based composition comprises between 3 and 85% by weight of pyrolytic lignin claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the composition.4. Protective membrane composition according to claim 1 , wherein the bio based composition (a) refined pyrolytic lignin having a viscosity ≧3000 mPa·s comprises said at least one oil claim 1 , which acts as a plasticizer claim 1 , in an amount comprised between 1-20% by weight claim 1 , with respect to the total weight of the protective membrane composition.5. Protective membrane composition according to claim 1 , comprising between 0.5-40% by weight claim 1 , preferably between 1-25% by weight claim 1 , more preferably ...

ACTIVATED CARBON MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF PREPARING THEREOF AND USES THEREOF

Provided is a method of producing activated carbon from a resin composite made up of furanic polymer. The method includes producing a resin composite from feedstock (e.g., in the presence of an acid and a salt), combining the resin composite with a base to form an impregnated material, and carbonizing the impregnated material to produce the and salt activated carbon. Provided herein are also resin composites and activated carbon materials. 25-. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the drying is performed at a temperature between 100° C. and 250° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:(i) the dried resin composite has a water absorption capacity of at least 2 g of water/g resin composite;(ii) the resin composite is dried to a point at which the water absorption capacity of the resin composite drops below 0.25 g of water/g resin composite,or a combination thereof.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin composite contains between 2% and 20% by weight of salt.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 0.01% claim 1 , at least 0.1% claim 1 , at least 0.5% claim 1 , or at least 1% by weight of the salt present in the resin composite is incorporated into the interior of the particles.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the salt is embedded into at least a portion of the particles claim 1 , such that when the resin composite is washed with between 20 to 100 equivalents of water claim 1 , at least 0.01% by weight of the salt remains in the resin composite after washing.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid is:(i) HX, wherein X is halo; or(ii) hydrochloric acid.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt is:{'sup': r+', '−', 'r+', '−, 'sub': 'r', '(i) A(X), wherein A is a Group I or Group II cation, and X is a halo anion; or'}(ii) calcium chloride.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the furanic polymer is cross-linked.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin composite has:(i) an oxygen content between 25% and 35% by weight;(ii) a ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ULTRAFINE LIGNIN PARTICLES

A method for producing ultrafine lignin particles by means of spray-drying at a dual-fluid nozzle (), which has a first nozzle opening () and a second nozzle opening (), wherein a lignin-containing solution or suspension is fed to the first nozzle opening () of the dual-fluid nozzle () and an atomizer gas is fed to the second nozzle opening () of the dual-fluid nozzle (), and wherein: a) the flow rate at which the lignin-containing solution or suspension is fed to the first nozzle opening () of the dual-fluid nozzle () is 60 to 65 ml/min; b) the drying temperature is 150 to 175° C.; and c) the pressure of the atomizing gas at the second nozzle opening () of the dual-fluid nozzle () is 3 to 6 bar. 1623141312412. A method for the production of ultrafine lignin particles () by means of spray drying at a dual fluid nozzle () with a first nozzle opening () and a second nozzle opening () , wherein a lignin-containing solution or suspension is supplied to the first nozzle opening () of the dual fluid nozzle () and an atomizing gas is supplied to the second nozzle opening () of the dual fluid nozzle () , and wherein:{'b': 31', '2, 'a) the flow rate at which the lignin-containing solution or suspension is supplied to the first nozzle opening () of the dual fluid nozzle () is 60 to 65 mL/min;'}b) the drying temperature is 150° C. to 175° C.; and{'b': 41', '2, 'c) the pressure of the atomizing gas at the second nozzle opening () of the dual fluid nozzle () is 3 to 6 bar.'}2312. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the first nozzle opening () of the dual fluid nozzle () is 1 to 2 mm claim 1 , preferably 1.5 to 2 mm.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lignin-containing solution or suspension is a solution or suspension of lignin which has undergone a hot water extraction.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the lignin-containing solution or suspension is a solution or suspension of lignin claim 3 , which has undergone an enzymatic ...

Method For Preparing Panels Made of a Composite of Cork and Polyethylene

The present invention relates to a process for preparation of polyethylene-cork composite panels comprising the steps of: mixing 10-64% of cork granulate and 36-90% of polyethylene granulate at room temperature, and feeding a press with this mixture; compressing this mixture in the press with a compression force in the range of 300-450 kN, at a temperature in the range of 160-200° C. and for a hot compression time between 24-180 seconds; and cooling to room temperature, with a compression force between 350-450 kN, for a cold compression time between 32 and 240 seconds; to obtain panels with a thickness between 3 and 5 mm. The invention further relates to a polyethylene-cork composite panel and also to use thereof in the construction industry, particularly as cover board core. 1. Process for preparation of polyethylene-cork composite panels characterized by comprising the steps of:a) mixing 10-64% of cork granulate and 36-90% of polyethylene granulate at room temperature, and feeding a press with this mixture;b) compressing the mixture of step a) in the press with a compression force in the range of 300-450 kN, at a temperature in the range of 160-200° C. and for a hot compression time between 24-180 seconds;c) cooling to room temperature, with a compression force between 350-450 kN, for a cold compression time between 32 and 240 seconds;to obtain panels with a thickness between 3 and 5 mm,provided that:for a thickness of 3 mm and temperature of step b) of 160° C., the minimum value of the hot compression time is 180 seconds; andfor a thickness of 3 mm when the mixture has 60% or more of cork, the temperature value of step b) is 200° C.2. Process for preparation of polyethylene-cork composite panels according to claim 1 , wherein step a) claim 1 , up to 20% of paraffin is further added.3. Process for preparation of polyethylene-cork composite panels according to claim 2 , wherein step a) 10 to 34% of a filler selected from the group comprising calcium carbonate claim ...

Polyols for thermoset and thermoplastic applications of lignin

A composition comprising: lignin, a polyol carrier compound and an isocyanate is disclosed. The lignin being mixed with the polyol carrier compound. The polyol carrier compound is selected from the group consisting of TCPP, TECP, TMCP, TDCP, etholoxylated and propoxylated phenols, tris-chloroisopropyl phosphate, amino methyl propanol , glycerin carbonate, polyether modified polysiloxanes, bromophthalic anhydride derivatives, propanediols; bromine, chlorine and/or phosphorus based fire retardents, epoxies, glycerins, sugar, glycols, certain natural oil based polyols and ethoxylated and or propoxylated alcohols. The lignin-polyol carrier compound mixture is reacted with the isocyanate producing a foam, plastic or other material. For a thermoplastic solid the same polyol carrier compounds are used but in higher percentages of lignin.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING RESIN COMPOSITION COMPRISING MODIFIED MICROFIBRILLATED PLANT FIBERS, AND SAME RESIN COMPOSITION

The present invention provides a method for producing a resin composition, which, by means of simple steps, can uniformly disperse microfibrillated plant fiber in a highly hydrophobic resin and can impart enhanced mechanical strength to a molding material obtained by molding the resin composition. The present invention further provides a resin composition having excellent heat resistance and low linear thermal expansion. The present invention relates to a method for producing a resin composition, the method including a step of mixing a thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin (A), and modified plant fiber (b) or modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B), in the presence of an organic liquid (C), the modified plant fiber (b) or modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B) being obtained by modification with an alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride in a liquid capable of swelling microfibrillated plant fiber (B′) or plant fiber (b). 1. A method for producing a resin composition comprising the step of:(1) mixing a thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin (A) with modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B) or modified plant fiber (b) in the presence of an organic liquid (C), the modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B) or modified plant fiber (b) being obtained by modification with an alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride in a liquid capable of swelling microfibrillated plant fiber (B′) or plant fiber (b′).2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of (2) kneading the mixture obtained in step (1).3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B) or modified plant fiber (b) in step (1) is modified plant fiber (b) claim 2 , and during the kneading in step (2) claim 2 , the modified plant fiber (b) is defibrated in the thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin (A) and the modified microfibrillated plant fiber (B) is dispersed in the thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin (A).4. A method for producing a resin ...

BIO-PLASTIC COMPOSITE CONTAINING BREWER'S SPENT GRAINS

A bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains, comprising: addition amounts of 10%˜60% brewer's spent grains, 40%˜90% petrochemical plastic, wherein the brewer's spent grains have a length-to-diameter ratio of 7.6 to 10.2. 1. A bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains , comprising:addition amounts of 10%˜60% brewer's spent grains, 40%˜90% petrochemical plastic, wherein the brewer's spent grains have a length-to-diameter ratio of 7.6 to 10.2.2. The bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains as claimed in further comprising 8%˜12% binder claim 1 , wherein the binder enables the brewer's spent grains and the petrochemical plastic to be mixed.3. The bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the addition amount of the brewer's spent grains is 10% to 30% claim 2 , and the addition amount of the binder is 8%.4. The bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a moisture content of the brewer's spent grains is controlled at 2% to 5%. This is a divisional application of and claims priority to the U.S. application Ser. No. 15/369,805, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.The present invention relates to the application of brewer's spent grain, and more particularly to a bio-plastic composite containing brewer's spent grains and a method for making the same.In Taiwan, approximately 18 billion plastic bags and 2 billion plastic straws are used every year, which causes serious environmental pollution. Besides, the raw material cost of all commercial petroleum refined products is so much influenced by the price of the petroleum. When oil price is soaring, the refining cost, out of question, is relatively high, and the refining itself is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. Furthermore, if the plastic products cycling rate is low, many plastic wastes will be discarded, burned or buried, which will cause serious air, ...

NEW ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVE-ABSORBING MATERIALS FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS

One subject of the present invention is an electromagnetic-wave-absorbing composite material comprising a carrier matrix () and an electromagnetic-wave-absorbing filler (). According to the invention, the carrier matrix () is a cork matrix, which is formed of particles the equivalent diameter Dof which is comprised between 10 μm and 5 mm, and the composite material () has a real permittivity higher than 1.2 and a dielectric loss tangent tan δ higher than 0.1. Another subject of the present invention is a method for producing such a material, and the use of this material as an absorber, in particular in an anechoic chamber, or as a radar absorber in stealth devices, or even to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic devices. 2. Material according to claim 1 , wherein the cork of the supporting matrix is natural cork or expanded cork.3. Material according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , wherein the particles of cork are coated with said filler.4. Material according to claim 1 , wherein said filler is in the form of microparticles or nanoparticles having an equivalent diameter Dec between 1 nm and 1000 μm.5. Material according to claim 1 , wherein said filler is a magnetic filler claim 1 , a dielectric filler claim 1 , or a filler that conducts electricity.6. Material according to claim 5 , wherein said filler is a filler that conducts electricity claim 5 , in the form of metal particles claim 5 , particles of carbon claim 5 , carbon fibres or carbon nanotubes claim 5 , or in the form of graphene.7. Material according to claim 1 , further comprising a binder made of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer resin.8. Use of the material as defined according to claim 1 , as an absorber claim 1 , in particular in an anechoic chamber.9. Use of the material as defined according to claim 1 , as a radar absorber in stealth devices.10. Use of the material as defined according to claim 1 , in order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic devices. ...

Lignin Composites Comprising Activated Carbon For Odor Reduction

The present invention relates to lignin compositions and methods for producing lignin composite materials. Composites of this invention substantially reduce or eliminate odor emanating from lignin that would otherwise be present.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MAGNETIC CORK PARTICLES

This invention refers to a method for producing magnetic cork particles comprising the steps of providing a composition of an alkaline solution and cork particles, with a size comprised between 1 nm and 2 mm, and stirring; Adding an acid solution containing Fe and Fe cations to the composition to cause the magnetization of the cork particles and maintaining the stirring; Filtering the solution obtained to obtain a magnetized cork particles precipitate, and washing the precipitate with water until the washed solution reaches a pH comprised between 4 and 7, and let dry until obtaining stabilized magnetized cork particles, wherein the magnetization of the cork particles is due to the formation of a magnetite coating on the particles, being the magnetite adsorbed on the particle surface. It also refers to magnetized cork particles thus obtained and their uses. 1. A method for producing magnetic cork particles , the method comprising the steps of:a) Providing a composition comprising an alkaline solution containing cork particles, said particles with a size comprised between 1 nm and 2 mm and stirring;b) Adding an acid solution containing Fe3+ and Fe2+ cations to the composition obtained in a) to cause the magnetization of the cork particles and maintaining the stirring;c) Filtering the solution obtained in b) to obtain a magnetized cork particles precipitate, andd) Washing the precipitate with water until the washed solution reaches a pH comprised between 4 and 7 and let dry until obtaining stabilized magnetized cork particles,wherein the magnetization of the cork particles in b) is due to the formation of a magnetite coating on the particles, being the magnetite adsorbed on the particle surface.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alkaline solution of step a) is NaOH or NH3.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acid solution has a pH between 1.5 and 2.5.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the acid solution of step b) claim 3 , containing ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING LIGNIN WITH REDUCED AMOUNT OF ODOROUS SUBSTANCES

The present invention relates to a method of producing lignin with reduced amount of odorous substances comprising the steps of: i) providing a solid phase lignin containing starting material to be contacted with a water solution comprising alcohol; ii) dissolving at least guaiacol and etylguaiacol content from the lignin into the water solution, and iii) draining off the water solution with its content of guaiacol and etylguaiacol; iv) obtaining a lignin material with a reduced content guaiacol and etylguaiacol. The alcohol is preferably a C1-C4 alcohol, preferably ethanol. The invention also relates to a lignin product with reduced odour obtained and/or obtainable by the method and to the use of the obtained lignin as a component in polymer blends, an additive or filler in building materials, as binding agent in adhesives, and/or for the production of a carbon fibre, especially in indoor applications. 1. Method for treatment of lignin in order to reduce odour from the lignin characterized in that providing a solid phase lignin containing starting material to be contacted with a water solution comprising alcohol;', 'dissolving at least guaiacol and etylguaiacol content from the lignin into the water solution, and', 'draining off the water solution with its content of guaiacol and etylguaiacol;', 'obtaining a lignin material with a reduced content guaiacol and etylguaiacol., 'said method comprises the steps of2. A method according to wherein the lignin containing starting material has dry matter content above 50 (w/w) claim 1 , and a lignin content of this dry matter content exceeding 50% (w/w).3. A method according to wherein the lignin containing starting material is mixed with water and alcohol in any order of mixing claim 1 , and the resulting mixture is allowed to mature during a residence time of at least 5 minutes before draining off the water solution.4. A method according to wherein the lignin containing starting material is a filter cake subjected to a ...

CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF FUEL GRADE HYDROCARBONS BY HYDROTREATMENT OF FUNCTIONALIZED LIGNIN

The present invention relates to a composition and a method of preparing the composition where the composition comprising functionalized lignin having a weight average molecular weight (M) of at least 1,000 g/mol and a green carrier liquid comprising depolymerized functional lignin, wherein the functionalized lignin is dissolved in the green carrier liquid and wherein the amount of depolymerized functionalized lignin compounds in the composition is higher than the amount of functionalized lignin. 1. A composition comprising functionalized lignin having a weight average molecular weight (M) of at least 1 ,000 g/mol and a green carrier liquid comprising depolymerized functionalized lignin compounds and wherein the depolymerized functionalized lignin compounds comprises petrol and diesel compounds in an amount of at least 5 wt % , wherein the functionalized lignin is functionalized with an alkyl containing group via linker group wherein the linker is an ether or an ester and wherein the functionalized lignin is dissolved in the green carrier liquid and wherein the amount of depolymerized functionalized lignin compounds in the composition is higher than the amount of functionalized lignin.2. (canceled)3. The composition according to wherein the concentration of functionalized lignin is at least 1 wt % claim 1 , or at least 3 wt % claim 1 , or at least 5 wt % claim 1 , or at least 10 wt % claim 1 , or at least 15 wt % claim 1 , or at least 25 wt % claim 1 , or 40 wt % or less claim 1 , or 35 wt % or less claim 1 , or 30 wt % or less of the total weight of the composition.4. The composition according to wherein the lignin is Kraft lignin or organosols lignin.5. The composition according to wherein the concentration of depolymerized functionalized lignin compounds in the composition is at least 40 wt % claim 1 , or at least 50 wt % claim 1 , or at least 60 wt % claim 1 , or at least 70 wt % claim 1 , or at least 80 wt % claim 1 , or at least 90 wt %.6. The composition ...

PRODUCTION OF POLYOLS USING DISTILLERS GRAINS AND PROTEINS AND LIGNIN EXTRACTED FROM DISTILLERS GRAINS

Processes for the production of polyols from sources such as dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) make use of a two-stage reaction scheme. In the first stage, the proteinaceous starting material is reacted with an aminating agent, such as diethanolamine (DEOA), to generate amino-amides and amides. These products are then reacted with an alkoxylating agent, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted epoxide to yield polyols. These polyols may be further reacted with isocyanates to give low-cost rigid polyurethane foams. In alternate forms, lignin may be directly converted to polyols by reaction with an alkoxylating agent, optionally followed by reaction with an isocyanate to produce polyurethanes. 1. A process for the production of polyols comprising the steps of:reacting a proteinaceous component selected from the group consisting of distillers grains, polyamides, and mixtures thereof, with an amine under reaction conditions to generate amino-amides and amides; andreacting said amino-amides and amides with an alkoxylating agent to generate polyols.2. The process of claim 1 , said distillers grains being dried distillers grains with solubles.3. The process of claim 1 , said amine selected from the group consisting of primary amines claim 1 , secondary amines claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein R1 and R2 are selected from the group consisting of C2-C12 alkanols and alkenols.6. The process of claim 5 , each R1 and R2 being selected from the group consisting of C2-C4 alkanols.7. The process of claim 6 , each R1 and R2 being —CH2CH2OH.8. The process of claim 1 , said proteinaceous component comprising DDGS claim 1 , the ratio of said DDGS and said amine being from about 0.5-3.9. The process of claim 8 , said ratio being from about 1-1.2.10. The process of claim 1 , said proteinaceous component and said amine being reacted at a temperature of from about 150-250° C.11. The process of claim 10 , said temperature being from about 190-200 ...

AUTOMOTIVE TIRES CONTAINING HYDROPHOBIC NANOCELLULOSE

The present invention provides an automotive tire containing from 0.1 wt % to 50 wt % hydrophobic nanocellulose. Hydrophobic nanocellulose may include lignin-coated nanocellulose and/or a chemically modified surface to increase hydrophobicity. The nanocellulose may include cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals. The nanocellulose may be introduced into tire components such as inner liner, body ply, sidewall, beads, apex, belts, treads, cushion gum, and textile fabric. The nanocellulose may be obtained from a biomass-fractionation process utilizing an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water to generate a lignin-containing nanocellulose precursor, followed by mechanical treatment of the nanocellulose precursor to produce the nanocellulose. For example, the nanocellulose may be obtained from the AVAP® process. The tire may further include one or more additional components derived from lignocellulosic biomass. For example, the tire may contain lignin-derived carbon black, lignin-derived antioxidants, biomass-derived silica. The tire may also contain synthetic polymers derived from biomass sugars. 1. An automotive tire containing from about 0.1 wt % to about 50 wt % nanocellulose.2. The automotive tire of claim 1 , wherein said tire contains from about 1 wt % to about 20 wt % nanocellulose.3. The automotive tire of claim 1 , wherein said nanocellulose is hydrophobic nanocellulose.4. The automotive tire of claim 3 , wherein said hydrophobic nanocellulose comprises lignin-coated nanocellulose.5. The automotive tire of claim 3 , wherein said hydrophobic nanocellulose comprises a chemically modified surface to increase hydrophobicity.6. The automotive tire of claim 1 , wherein said nanocellulose comprises cellulose nanofibrils.7. The automotive tire of claim 1 , wherein said nanocellulose comprises cellulose nanocrystals.8. The automotive tire of claim 1 , wherein said nanocellulose comprises lignin-coated cellulose nanofibrils.9. The automotive tire of ...

CONDUCTIVE CARBON POWDER, A METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURING THEREOF AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to a conductive carbon powder emanating essentially from lignin, a method for the manufacturing thereof and use thereof. Said powder may emanate from an electrically conductive carbon intermediate product, in turn emanating essentially from lignin. Further, uses thereof and compositions comprising said carbon powder are disclosed. Additionally methods for manufacturing said conductive carbon powder, also involving an electrically conductive carbon intermediate product emanating essentially from lignin, are disclosed together with a method for making said compositions. 1. A method for manufacturing an electrically conductive carbon powder comprising:i) providing a lignin and at least one additive,ii) mixing the lignin and the at least one additive to form a mixture,iii) shaping the mixture to form a shaped body,iv) performing a thermal treatment of the shaped body in which a last step of the thermal treatment comprises a temperature ramp from room temperature to up to about 2000° C. in an inert atmosphere to provide a conductive carbonized intermediate product, andv) pulverizing the conductive carbonized intermediate product to provide a conductive carbon powder.2. A method according to wherein a first step of the thermal treatment comprises a temperature ramp from room temperature up to 300° C.3. A method according to wherein the at least one additive comprises a plasticizer claim 1 , a reactive agent that renders the lignin melt extrudable claim 1 , an aliphatic acid claim 1 , a lignin solvent claim 1 , an aprotic polar solvent claim 1 , an aliphatic amide claim 1 , dimethylformamide (DMF) claim 1 , dimethylacetamide (DMAc) claim 1 , a tertiary amine oxide claim 1 , N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) claim 1 , dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) claim 1 , ethylene glycol claim 1 , di-ethylene glycol claim 1 , a low-molecular-weight poly ethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight between 150 to 20 claim 1 ,000 g/mol claim 1 , ionic liquids ...

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF LIGNIN AND LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

A method for producing a trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL) is provided in one example embodiment and includes precipitating a lignin, dissolving the precipitated lignin in a solution, adding a reagent to the solution, adjusting the pH of the solution, allowing reactions in the solution to occur for a predetermined amount of time, precipitating the solution to produce a precipitate, and washing, filtering, and drying the precipitate to produce the trans-esterified HPL. In one example, a thermoplastic may be added to produce a trans-esterified HPL/thermoplastic blend. 1. A trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend comprising:a thermoplastic polyester; and precipitating a lignin;', 'dissolving the precipitated lignin in a solution;', 'adding a reagent to the solution;', 'adjusting a pH of the solution;', 'allowing reactions in the solution to occur for a predetermined amount of time such that the lignin has undergone transesterification with a nearby polyester macromolecule from the thermoplastic polyester, thereby transferring a segment of the polyester onto the lignin;', 'precipitating the solution to produce a precipitate; and', 'washing, filtering, and drying the precipitate to produce the lignin/thermoplastic polyester blend., 'a trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL) that can be blended with the thermoplastic polyester, wherein the trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend is created by2. The trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend of claim 1 , wherein the HPL is a Kraft lignin precipitated by a Lignoboost process.3. The trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend of claim 1 , wherein the lignin is dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution and the sodium hydroxide solution is about four percent to about six percent sodium hydroxide.4. The trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend of claim 1 , wherein the reagent is propylene oxide and a total weight of the propylene oxide added to the solution is about half a total weight of the ...

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF LIGNIN AND LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

A method for producing a trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL) is provided in one example embodiment and includes precipitating a lignin, dissolving the precipitated lignin in a solution, adding a reagent to the solution, adjusting the pH of the solution, allowing reactions in the solution to occur for a predetermined amount of time, precipitating the solution to produce a precipitate, and washing, filtering, and drying the precipitate to produce the trans-esterified HPL. In one example, a thermoplastic may be added to produce a trans-esterified HPL/thermoplastic blend. 1. A method for producing a biodegradable plastic , the method comprising:extruding a trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend, the trans-esterified lignin/thermoplastic blend comprising: precipitating a lignin;', 'dissolving the precipitated lignin in a solution;', 'adding a reagent to the solution;', 'adjusting a pH of the solution;', 'allowing reactions in the solution to occur for a predetermined amount of time such that the lignin has undergone transesterification with a nearby polyester macromolecule from a polyester, thereby transferring a segment of the polyester onto the lignin;', 'precipitating the solution to produce a precipitate; and', 'washing, filtering, and drying the precipitate to produce the lignin/thermoplastic polyester blend., 'a trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL), wherein the trans-esterified HPL is created by2. The method of claim 1 , wherein an alkyl ester of the HPL exchanges carboxylic acid groups with an alcohol terminated segment of a polyester chain such that long chain polyester segments are covalently-bond to the HPL.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extent of transesterification of the lignin/thermoplastic blend is controlled such that extensive crosslinking does not occur in order to retain thermoplastic properties.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable plastic is a film product claim 1 , a formed and molded product claim 1 , an ...

Anti-slip deck for sports board

The present disclosure refers to an anti-slip pad for a sliding sports board, as for example water sports boards, snowboards or skateboards, said pad comprised mostly of cork.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR RICE HUSK FIBER SYNTHETIC RESIN POWDER AND RICE HUSK FIBER PRODUCT

A manufacturing process for rice husk fiber synthetic resin powder includes grinding rice husks into rice husk powder, feeding the powder into a mixer, adding and uniformly mixing cellulose, starch, and water, removing and cooling the mixture into rice husk fiber powder; additionally putting natural resin and lignin into a reaction kettle, adding water and agitating uniformly into slurry, adding nano-silica and continuing agitating evenly, and after cooling, adding the rice husk fiber powder and continuing the agitation, cooling and removing the mixture, thus obtaining a paste material; and injecting the paste material into a flash drier to produce rice husk fiber synthetic resin powder. The rice husk fiber synthetic resin powder can be used to make rice husk fiber products such as tableware, toys, furniture and kitchenware that have good physical properties and are degradable into organic fertilizer, thereby being environmentally friendly and commercially promising. 1. A manufacturing process for rice husk fiber synthetic resin powder , being characterized in comprising the following steps:(1). grinding 20-80 wt % rice husk into fine rice husk powder having a mesh size of 50-300;(2). feeding the rice husk powder of Step (1) into a high-speed heating mixer, adding 5-35 wt % cellulose and 5-40 wt % starch, mixing well while introducing 10-35 wt % water, removing the mixture from the mixer, letting the mixture to cool, and thereby obtaining rice husk fiber powder;(3). placing 15-35 wt % natural resin and 65-85 wt % lignin into a reaction kettle, adding 10-20 wt % water into the kettle, agitating the mixture uniformly into slurry, heating the mixture to 100- 300° C., then adding 5-15 wt % nano-silica, mixing the mixture uniformly, cooling the kettle to a temperature below 120° C., adding 20-80 wt % rice husk fiber powder, keeping mixing, removing the well mixed mixture from the kettle, and thereby obtaining a paste material;(4). pouring the paste material of Step (3) ...

METHODS FOR TREATING LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS

The present invention relates to methods of processing lignocellulosic material to obtain hemicellulose sugars, cellulose sugars, lignin, cellulose and other high-value products such as asphalt and bio oils. Also provided are hemicellulose sugars, cellulose sugars, lignin, cellulose, and other high-value products such as asphalt and bio oils. 177-. (canceled)78. A lignin composition characterized by at least six characteristics selected from the group consisting of:(i) lignin aliphatic hydroxyl groups in an amount up to 2 mmole/g;(ii) at least 2.5 mmole/g lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups;(iii) less than 0.40 mmole/g lignin carboxylic hydroxyl groups;(iv) sulfur in an amount up to 1% weight/weight;(v) nitrogen in an amount up to 0.5% weight/weight;(vi) 5% degradation temperature higher than 220° C.;(vii) 10% degradation temperature higher than 260° C.;(viii) less than 1% ash weight/weight;{'sub': a', 'b', 'c, '(ix) a formula of CHO; wherein a is 9, b is less than 12 and c is less than 3.5;'}(x) a degree of condensation of less than 0.9;(xi) a methoxyl content of at least 0.8;(xii) an O/C weight ratio of less than 0.4; and(xiii) a glass transition elevation between a first and a second heat cycle as measured by differential scanning calorimetry according to DIN 53765 in the range of 10 to 30° C.79. The composition of claim 78 , further characterized by at least one additional characteristic selected from the group consisting of:(i) less than 1% carbohydrates weight/weight;(ii) solubility in DMSO is >100 g/L;(iii) solubility in THF is >35 g/L;(iv) solubility in 0.1 N NaOH aqueous solution is >8 g/L;(v) less than 1% water by weight;(vi) less than 1% volatile components at 200° C. by weight;(vii) a sulfur concentration of less than 0.1% weight/weight;(viii) soluble sugar content of less than 1% weight/weight;(ix) a phosphorus concentration of less than 100 PPM; and(x) less than 0.1 times the amount of volatile sulfur compounds found in Kraft lignin.80. The composition of ...

RESIN COMPOSITION, MOLDED BODY AND COMPOSITE MOLDED BODY

In accordance with the present invention, by using a resin composition including lignin and a curing agent in which the lignin is soluble in an organic solvent and contained in the resin composition in an amount of from 10 to 90% by mass, there are provided a molded product and a composite molded product which are obtained from plant resources as a main raw material and to which a good flame retardance and a good antibacterial property are imparted. 1. A resin composition comprising lignin and a curing agent , 1 g of the lignin being soluble at 25° C. in 10 mL of at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone , cyclohexanone and tetrahydrofuran , and 1 g of the lignin also being soluble at from 50° to 70° C. in 10 mL of at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol , ethanol and methyl ethyl ketone , the lignin being contained in the resin composition in an amount of from 10 to 90% by mass ,wherein the lignin has a weight-average molecular weight of from 1800 to 5000,wherein a content of a sulfur atom in the lignin is 0.5% by mass or less, andwherein the lignin is obtained by treating a plant raw material by a method utilizing a separation technique using water.2. A resin composition comprising lignin and a curing agent , 1 g of the lignin being soluble at 25° C. in 10 mL of at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone , cyclohexanone and tetrahydrofuran , and 1 g of the lignin also being soluble at from 50° to 70° C. in 10 mL of at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol , ethanol and methyl ethyl ketone , the lignin being contained in the resin composition in an amount of from 30 to 90% by mass ,wherein the lignin has a weight-average molecular weight of from 1800 to 5000,wherein a content of a sulfur atom in the lignin is 0.5% by mass or less, andwherein the lignin is obtained by treating a plant raw material by a method utilizing a separation ...

Binders

An un-reacted substantially formaldehyde free curable binder solution for binding loose matter consists essentially of a solution obtainable by dissolving a reducing sugar, an ammonium salt acid precursor, optionally a carboxylic acid or a precursor thereof and optionally ammonia in water.

MELT FLOWABLE BIOCARBON AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

The following invention generally relates to a melt flowable biocarbon polymeric material derived from a cellulosic ethanol refining co-product, monolignol biopolymer, and a heat processed or thermally modified biomass flour, both of which are reacted together to create a melt flowable biopolymer which has melt flowable properties, process-ability and rheology similar to that of standard petrochemical based thermoplastics. 1. A melt flowable biocarbon polymer comprising a blend of a melt flowable monolignol biopolymer and a thermally processed biomass flour.2. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein the melt flowable monolignol biopolymer is derived from a hybrid organosolv/reactive phase separation cellulosic biofuel process by further devolatilizing and reacting a meltable lignin extract.3. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein the thermally processed biomass is derived from trees claim 2 , wood claim 2 , wood waste claim 2 , agricultural residues claim 2 , nut or seed hulls or blends thereof.4. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein thermal processed biomass can be dried wood flour claim 3 , thermally modified wood flour claim 3 , torrefied wood flour claim 3 , pyrolyzed wood flour claim 3 , biochar or blends thereof.5. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein thermally processed biomass flour has a mesh size between 30 to 500 mesh.6. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein thermally modified biomass flour comprises 1-60% of the melt flowable biocarbon.7. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein the melt flowable biocarbon has a melt flow similar to thermoplastics claim 1 , antioxidant and antimicrobial functionality and highly hydrophobic.8. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein the thermally processed biomass flour is substantially fully impregnated by the monolignol biopolymer.9. A melt flowable biocarbon of wherein the melt flowable biocarbon comprising a heat reacted blend of monolignol biopolymer and thermally processed biomass in the form of a powder claim 1 , granular ...