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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Применить Всего найдено 7705. Отображено 100.

12-01-2012 дата публикации

Method and System for Synthesizing Liquid Hydrocarbon Compounds

Номер: US20120010304A1

Автор: Kazuhiko Tasaka

Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd

Provided is a method for synthesizing liquid hydrocarbon compounds wherein synthesizing liquid hydrocarbon compounds from a synthesis gas by a Fisher-Tropsch synthesis reaction. The method includes a first absorption step of absorbing a carbon dioxide gas, which is contained in gaseous by-products generated in the Fisher-Tropsch synthesis reaction, with an absorbent, and a second absorption step of absorbing a carbon dioxide gas, which is contained in the synthesis gas, with the absorbent which is passed through the first absorption step.

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Номер записи: 1

26-01-2012 дата публикации

Fischer-tropsch synthesis catalyst, preparation and application thereof

Номер: US20120022174A1

Автор: Baoshan Wu, Hongwel Xiang, Yong Yang, Yongwang Li

Принадлежит: Synfuels China Technology Co Ltd

A micro-spherical Fe-based catalyst for a slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) comprises Fe as its active component, a transitional metal promoter M, a structure promoter S and a K promoter. The transitional metal promoter M is one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr and Zn, and the structure promoter S is SiO 2 and/or Al 2 O 3 . The weight ratio of the catalyst components is Fe: transitional metal promoter: structure promoter: K=100:1-50:1-50:0.5-10. Preparation method of the catalyst comprises: adding the structure promoter S into a mixed solution of Fe/M nitrates, then co-precipitating with ammonia water to produce a slurry, filtering and washing the slurry to produce a filter cake, adding the required amount of the K promoter and water to the filter cake, pulping and spray drying, and roasting to produce the micro-spherical Fe-based catalyst for the slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The catalyst has good abrasion resistance and narrow particle size distribution, furthermore, it has high conversion capability of synthesis gas, good product selectivity and high space time yield, and the catalyst also can be used for the slurry bed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a wide temperature range.

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Номер записи: 2

16-02-2012 дата публикации

Multi-functional catalyst composition for the conversion of biomass

Номер: US20120037486A1

Автор: Paul O'Connor, Sjoerd Daamen, Steve Yanlk

Принадлежит: Kior Inc

A process is disclosed for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, in particular ligno-cellulosic biomass. The process comprises heating the biomass to a conversion temperature in the range of from 200 to 500° C. in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a basic functionality comprising an alkali metal component and a multivalent metal component. The catalyst system optionally further comprises an acidic component.

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Номер записи: 3

08-03-2012 дата публикации

Process and Apparatus for Steam-Methane Reforming

Номер: US20120058028A1

Автор: Clive Derek Lee-Tuffnell, Ian Frederick Zimmerman, Jason Andrew Maude, John William Stairmand, Michael Joseph Bowe

Принадлежит: Clive Derek Lee-Tuffnell, Ian Frederick Zimmerman, Jason Andrew Maude, John William Stairmand, Michael Joseph Bowe

Methane reacts with steam generating carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a first catalytic reactor; the resulting gas mixture undergoes Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a second catalytic reactor. In the steam/methane reforming, the gas mixture passes through a narrow channel having mean and exit temperatures both in the range of 750° C. to 900° C., residence time less than 0.5 second, and the channel containing a catalyst, so that only reactions having comparatively rapid kinetics will occur. Heat is provided by combustion of methane in adjacent channels. The ratio of steam to methane may be about 1.5. Almost all methane will undergo the reforming reaction, almost entirely forming carbon monoxide. After Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, the remaining hydrogen may be fed back to the combustion channels. The steam for the reforming step may be generated from water generated by the chemical reactions, by condensing products from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and by condensing water vapor generated in combustion.

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Номер записи: 4

15-03-2012 дата публикации

Incorporation of catalytic dehydrogenation into fischer-tropsch synthesis to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions

Номер: US20120065278A1

Автор: Gerald P. Huffman

Принадлежит: University of Kentucky Research Foundation

A new method of producing liquid transportation fuels from coal and other hydrocarbons that significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions by combining Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with catalytic dehydrogenation is claimed. Catalytic dehydrogenation (CDH) of the gaseous products (C1-C4) of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) can produce large quantities of hydrogen while converting the carbon to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Incorporation of CDH into a FTS-CDH plant converting coal to liquid fuels can eliminate all or most of the CO 2 emissions from the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction that is currently used to elevate the H 2 level of coal-derived syngas for FTS. Additionally, the FTS-CDH process saves large amounts of water used by the WGS reaction and produces a valuable by-product, MWCNT.

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Номер записи: 5

12-04-2012 дата публикации

Co-production of fuels, chemicals and electric power using turbochargers

Номер: US20120088850A1

Автор: Arunabha Basu, Iosif K. Rabovitser

Принадлежит: GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE

A method and system for co-production of electric power, fuel, and chemicals in which a synthesis gas at a first pressure is expanded using a turbo-expander, simultaneously producing electric power and an expanded synthesis gas at a second pressure after which the expanded synthesis gas is converted to a fuel and/or a chemical.

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Номер записи: 6

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing middle distillates by hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of a heavy fraction derived from a fischer-tropsch effluent

Номер: US20120091034A1

Автор: Aurelie Dandeu, Vincent Coupard

Принадлежит: Eni Spa, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

The present invention describes a process for producing middle distillates from a C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, with an initial boiling point in the range 15° C. to 40° C. produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, comprising the following steps in succession: passing said C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, over at least one ion exchange resin at a temperature in the range 80° C. to 150° C., at a total pressure in the range 0.7 to 2.5 MPa, at an hourly space velocity in the range 0.2 to 2.5 h −1 ; eliminating at least a portion of the water formed in step a); hydrogenating the unsaturated olefinic type compounds of at least a portion of the effluent derived from step b) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst; and hydroisomerization/hydrocracking of at least a portion of the hydrotreated effluent derived from step c) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydroisomerization/hydrocracking catalyst.

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Номер записи: 7

28-06-2012 дата публикации

Shaped catalyst units

Номер: US20120160368A1

Автор: Alejandro Martin Antonini, Mark Mckenna

Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

A catalyst unit suitable for loading into a tube in a reactor includes a plurality of catalyst particles incorporated within a removable solid matrix, said unit in the form of an elongate body in which the particles are packed together such that the volume shrinkage upon removal of the removable matrix is ≦20%. The catalyst particles preferably comprise one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Fe and Co in oxidic or reduced form. The units are particularly suitable for loading catalyst into tubes in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor.

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Номер записи: 8

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Process and System For Producing Liquid Fuel From Carbon Dioxide And Water

Номер: US20120201717A1

Автор: Kim-Chinh Tran, Omar Freyr Sigurbjornsson, Shwetank Singh

Принадлежит: CRI ehf

A process and system for producing high octane fuel from carbon dioxide and water is disclosed. The feedstock for the production line is industrial carbon dioxide and water, which may be of lower quality. The end product can be high octane gasoline, high cetane diesel or other liquid hydrocarbon mixtures suitable for driving conventional combustion engines or hydrocarbons suitable for further industrial processing or commercial use. Products, such as dimethyl ether or methanol may also be withdrawn from the production line. The process is emission free and reprocesses all hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel to form high octane products. The heat generated by exothermic reactions in the process is fully utilized as is the heat produced in the reprocessing of hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel.

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Номер записи: 9

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Production of hydrocarbons

Номер: US20120202899A1

Автор: Abdool Muthalib Saib, Herman Preston, Jacobus Lucas Visagie

Принадлежит: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd

A process for producing hydrocarbons and, optionally, oxygenates of hydrocarbons is provided. A synthesis gas comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide and N-containing contaminants selected from the group consisting of HCN, NH 3 , NO, R X NH 3-X , R 1 —CN and heterocyclic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom as a ring member of a heterocyclic ring of the heterocyclic compound. The N-containing contaminants constitute, in total, at least 100 vppb but less than 1 000 000 vppb of the synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is contacted at an elevated temperature and an elevated pressure, with a particulate supported Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst. The catalyst comprises a catalyst support, Co in catalytically active form supported on the catalyst support, and a dopant selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru) and/or rhenium (Re). The dopant level is expressed by a formula. Hydrocarbons and, optionally, oxygenates of hydrocarbons are obtained.

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Номер записи: 10

23-08-2012 дата публикации

Process for hydrotreating naphtha fraction and process for producing hydrocarbon oil

Номер: US20120211401A1

Автор: Kazuhiko Tasaka, Marie Iwama, Yuichi Tanaka

Принадлежит: Individual

A process for hydrotreating a naphtha fraction that includes a step of estimating the difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature, based on the reaction temperature of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and the ratio of the flow rate of the treated naphtha fraction returned to the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step relative to the flow rate of the treated naphtha fraction discharged from the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step, a step of measuring the difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature, and a step of adjusting the reaction temperature of the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step so that the measured difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature becomes substantially equal to the estimated difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature.

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Номер записи: 11

24-01-2013 дата публикации

Process for increasing the efficiency of heat removal from a fischer-tropsch slurry reactor

Номер: US20130020054A1

Автор: H. Lynn Tomlinson, Tsungani Record, William Manning, William Schaefer

Принадлежит: Syntroleum Corp

The present invention is directed to a cooling system for removing heat from a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) slurry reactor. The cooling system including a downcomer disposed within the F-T reactor to deliver a coolant downward through the F-T reactor at a predetermined velocity. The downcomer and the pressure of the introduced coolant cooperate to increase the coolant velocity, thereby maintaining the coolant in the substantially liquid phase in the downcomer. The cooling system further includes a plenum connected to the downcomer, wherein the coolant remains in the substantially liquid phase. Additionally, the cooling system includes at least one riser extending upward from the plenum, wherein a portion of the coolant vaporizes to provide a boiling heat transfer surface on the at least one riser.

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Номер записи: 12

24-01-2013 дата публикации

Catalysts supports

Номер: US20130023593A1

Автор: Adel Fay Neale, Alejandro Martin Antonini, Richard John Mercer

Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

A method for preparing a silica-modified catalyst support is described including: (I) applying an alkyl silicate to the surface of a porous support material in an amount to produce a silica content of the silica-modified catalyst support, expressed as Si, in the range 0.25 to 15% by weight, (ii) optionally drying the resulting silicate-modified support, (iii) treating the support with water, (iv) drying the resulting water-treated support, and (v) calcining the dried material to form the silica-modified catalyst support.

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Номер записи: 13

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Gasification system and method

Номер: US20130028801A1

Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric Elrod, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang

Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.

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Номер записи: 14

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Gasification system and method

Номер: US20130030062A1

Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric Elrod, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang

Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.

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Номер записи: 15

21-03-2013 дата публикации

Method Of Operating A Fluid Bed Reactor

Номер: US20130071293A1

Автор: Andre Peter Steynberg, Berthold Berend Breman, Derk Willem Frederik Brilman

Принадлежит: Individual

Method of operating a three-phase slurry reactor includes feeding at a low level at least one gaseous reactant into a vertically extending slurry body of solid particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the slurry body being contained in at least two vertically extending shafts housed within a common reactor shell, each shaft being divided into a plurality of vertically extending channels at least some of which are in slurry flow communication and the slurry body being present in at least some of the channels. The gaseous reactant is allowed to react as it passes upwardly through the slurry body present in at least some of the channels of the shafts, thereby to form a non-gaseous and/or a gaseous product. Gaseous product, if present, and/or unreacted gaseous reactant is allowed to disengage from the slurry body in a head space above the slurry body.

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Номер записи: 16

21-03-2013 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130072583A1

Автор: Eilos Isto, Johansson Sebastian, Koskinen Jukka, Pettersson Marianne, Toppinen Sami, WAHLSTRÖM Jan

Принадлежит: Neste Oil Oyi

A method of producing a hydrocarbon composition, the method including providing a biomass raw-material; gasifying the raw-material in the presence of oxygen to produce a gas containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons possibly together with inert components; separately increasing the hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide ratio of the gas to a value of about 2; feeding the gas to a Fischer-Tropsch reactor; converting in the Fischer-Tropsch reactor at least a significant part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the gas into a hydrocarbon composition containing C-Chydrocarbons; and recovering the hydrocarbon composition. Fresh external hydrogen is introduced into the gas before feeding into the Fischer-Tropsch reactor. By using external hydrogen feed, the capacity of a biomass gasification process can be increased and any need for a Water Gas Shift for producing hydrogen from carbon monoxide and steam can be eliminated. 1. A method of producing a hydrocarbon composition , the method comprising:providing a biomass raw material;gasifying the raw material in the presence of oxygen to produce a gas containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons;separately increasing the hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide ratio of the gas to a value of about 2;feeding the gas to a Fischer-Tropsch reactor;{'sub': 4', '90, 'converting in the Fischer-Tropsch reactor at least a part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the gas into a hydrocarbon composition containing C-Chydrocarbons; and'}recovering the hydrocarbon composition,wherein fresh hydrogen is introduced into the gas before the gas is fed into the Fischer-Tropsch reactor.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fresh hydrogen is introduced into the gas at a point immediately before the Fischer-Tropsch reactor in order to raise the hydrogen-to carbon monoxide ratio of the gas to about 2.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fresh hydrogen is derived from an ...

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Номер записи: 17

02-05-2013 дата публикации

Diesel fuel production process employing direct and indirect coal liquefaction

Номер: US20130104611A1

Автор: Gerald A. Melin, Kenneth L. Trachte, Richard F. Bauman

Принадлежит: Accelergy Corp

A combined Direct Coal Liquefaction (DCL)/Fischer Tropsch (F-T) process and system for producing high Cetane diesel fuel by converting at least 70% of the feed coal by DCL operating at 50 to 70% conversion and gasifying the bottoms and between 0 and 30% of the feed coal to produce H2 for supply to the DCL and to upgrading and syngas for being converted to diesel by F-T. Diesel blendstocks produced by the DCL and the F-T in a ratio of 3 to 1 to 14 to 1 are blended to produce diesel fuel having a Cetane Number of at least 50.

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Номер записи: 18

02-05-2013 дата публикации

Processes and systems for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon product

Номер: US20130109768A1

Автор: Anne HELGESON, Charles L. Kibby, Christine M. PHILIPS, David W. Parham, Gordon R. DEPPE, Kandaswamy Jothimurugesan, Richard SASSON, Robert J. Saxton, Scott Oliver, Tapan K. Das

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

Processes and systems are provided for converting synthesis gas containing a mixture of H 2 and CO to liquid hydrocarbon products having a cloud point less than about 15° C. The systems utilize at least one Fischer-Tropsch reactor containing hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst with cooling and separation of reactor effluent following each reactor. The low cloud point indicates that the amount of wax in the hydrocarbon products is minimized relative to conventional Fischer-Tropsch conversion. Accordingly, more economical systems can be built and operated because equipment associated with wax removal or wax treatment can be reduced or eliminated.

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Номер записи: 19

09-05-2013 дата публикации

FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PROCESS AND SYSTEM

Номер: US20130116348A1

Автор: Bu Yifeng, Gong Lei, Lin Quan, Lv Yijun, Shi Yulin, Wang Hongxue, Wu Xiuzhang

Принадлежит: SHENHUA GROUP CORPORATION LIMITED

The present invention relates to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process and system. The process comprises: a) introducing a feedstock gas containing CO and Hinto a first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to carry out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; b) separating products of the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, to separate water from the unconverted tail gas and to obtain hydrocarbon products and the unconverted tail gas; c) introducing the unconverted tail gas obtained in Step b) into a second stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to carry out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; d) separating products of the second stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, to separate water from the unconverted tail gas, with a portion of the unconverted tail gas of the second stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction being returned to the second stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor for recycle reactions. The process and system are suitable for large-scale industrialized production. 1. A two-stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process , comprising the following steps: {'sub': '2', 'introducing a feedstock gas containing CO and Hinto a first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to carry out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction under the action of catalysts, to obtain products of the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction; wherein the CO conversion rate in the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor is controlled at 30%-70%;'}, 'a) a first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction'} 'separating the products of the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, so as to separate water from the unconverted tail gas and to obtain hydrocarbon products and an unconverted tail gas of the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction;', 'b) separation of the products of the first stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction'} 'introducing the unconverted tail gas obtained from Step b) into a second stage Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to carry out a ...

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Номер записи: 20

23-05-2013 дата публикации

System and process for biomass conversion to renewable fuels with byproducts recycled to gasifier

Номер: US20130131196A1

Автор: Michael Cheiky, Rajashekharam Malyala, Vern S. Traxler

Принадлежит: Cool Planet Biofuels Inc, Cool Planet Energy Systems Inc

This invention relates generally to a method and system for improving the conversion of carbon-containing feed stocks to renewable fuels, and more particularly to a thermal chemical conversion of biomass to renewable fuels and other useful chemical compounds, including gasoline and diesel, via a unique combination of unique processes. More particularly, this combination of processes includes (a) a selective pyrolysis of biomass, which produces volatile hydrocarbons and a biochar; (b) the volatile hydrocarbons are upgraded in a novel catalytic process to renewable fuels, (c) the biochar is gasified at low pressure with recycled residual gases from the catalytic process to produce synthesis gas, (d) the synthesis gas is converted to dimethyl ether in a novel catalytic process, and (e) the dimethyl ether is recycled to the selective pyrolysis process.

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Номер записи: 21

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Attrition Resistant Supports for Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst and Process for Making Same

Номер: US20130143736A1

Автор: Erling Rytter, Manoj M. Koranne, Oyvind Borg, Sigrid Eri

Принадлежит: WR Grace and Co Conn

The invention relates to a novel method of preparing attrition resistance spinel supports for Fischer Tropsch catalysts. The process comprises: (a) combining aluminum oxide, metal compound capable of forming spinel phase, and soluble compound of a trivalent aluminum; (b) mixing the combination resulting in (a) in a manner sufficient to form a slurry comprising the aforementioned combination; and (c) processing the mixture of (b) under conditions sufficient to form metal aluminate spinel composition. Metal aluminate spinel, for example, is formed in the last step by calcining the mixture from (b) at a temperature in the range of 700 to 1300° C., but the process is also capable, of producing attrition resistant supports (e.g., having a DI of 5 or less) at a relatively lower temperature in the range of 700 to 1050° C. The invention also produces the attrition resistance with lower metal loadings than that reported for prior attrition resistant spinel supports.

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Номер записи: 22

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Process for producing hydrocarbon oil and system for producing hydrocarbon oil

Номер: US20130143971A1

Автор: Kazuhiko Tasaka, Marie Iwama, Yuichi Tanaka

Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

Hydrocarbon oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction using a slurry bed reactor holding a slurry of a liquid hydrocarbon in which a catalyst is suspended; the hydrocarbon oil is fractionated into a distilled oil and a column bottom oil containing the catalyst fine powder by a rectifying column; at least part of the column bottom oil is transferred to a storage tank, and the catalyst fine powder is sedimented to the bottom of the storage tank to capture the catalyst fine powder; a residue of the column bottom oil is transferred from the rectifying column to a hydrocracker, and/or the supernatant of the column bottom oil from which the catalyst fine powder is captured by the storage tank is transferred from the storage tank to the hydrocracker; and using the hydrocracker, the residue of the column bottom oil and/or the supernatant of the column bottom oil is hydrocracked.

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Номер записи: 23

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Process for the conversion of natural gas to acetylene and liquid fuels with externally derived hydrogen

Номер: US20130144096A1

Автор: Edward R. Peterson

Принадлежит: Synfuels International Inc

A process for converting natural gas from which contaminants have been sufficiently removed to acetylene includes heating the purified gas through a selected range of temperature for adequate time or combustion of the purified gas at adequate temperature within a suitable environment during an adequate reaction time to convert a fraction of the gas stream to acetylene, wherein the acetylene is directed for other processes, reactions, and uses. A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons by combusting externally derived hydrogen for heating natural gas to a selected range of temperature. A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons by reacting conversion products with externally derived hydrogen to form olefins comprising ethylene, and catalytically forming liquid hydrocarbons from the olefins comprising ethylene.

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Номер записи: 24

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing hydrocarbon oil and system for producing hydrocarbon oil

Номер: US20130144099A1

Автор: Kazuhiko Tasaka, Marie Iwama, Yuichi Tanaka

Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

Hydrocarbon oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction using a catalyst within a slurry bed reactor is fractionated into a distilled oil and a column bottom oil in a rectifying column, part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a first transfer line that connects a column bottom of the rectifying column to a hydrocracker, at least part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a second transfer line branched from the first transfer line and connected to the first transfer line downstream of the branching point, the amount of the catalyst fine powder to be captured is monitored while the catalyst fine powder in the column bottom oil that flows in the second transfer line are captured by a detachable filter provided in the second transfer line, and the column bottom oil is hydrocracked within the hydrocracker.

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Номер записи: 25

13-06-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF CARBON-BASED MATERIAL BY A HYBRID ROUTE COMBINING DIRECT LIQUEFACTION AND INDIRECT LIQUEFACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN RESULTING FROM NON-FOSSIL RESOURCES

Номер: US20130149767A1

Автор: MARION Pierre, Quignard Alain, WEISS Wilfried

Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

A process for the conversion of carbon-based material to fuel bases by a hybrid route combining direct ebullent bed liquefaction and indirect liquefaction by gasification followed by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, including a stage of production of hydrogen resulting from non-fossil resources and a reverse water gas reaction stage. This process makes it possible to limit emissions of greenhouse gases. 1. Process for the conversion of carbon-based material to fuel bases , comprising the following stages:a) liquefaction of at least a portion of the said carbon-based material in the presence of hydrogen in at least one reactor comprising a supported catalyst as an ebullated bed,b) separation of the effluent obtained on conclusion of stage a) into at least one light fraction of fuel base hydrocarbons and a residual fraction comprising compounds boiling at at least 340° C.,c) production of hydrogen using at least one non-fossil resource, the hydrogen thus produced being at least in part introduced into the liquefaction stage a), and the subsequent reverse water gas reaction stage e) and subsequent Fischer-Tropsch reaction stage f),{'sub': '2', 'd) gasification of a portion of the carbon-based material and/or of a portion at least of the residual fraction resulting from stage b) in order to produce synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, CO and CO, and a residual fraction from the gasification,'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'e) separation of a portion at least of the COpresent in the synthesis gas and conversion of the separated COby a reverse water gas reaction in the presence of hydrogen resulting from stage c), to produce CO and water,'}f) conversion of the synthesis gas, supplemented with at least a portion of the CO resulting from stage e) and at least a portion of hydrogen resulting from stage c), by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to give fuel bases.2. Process according to claim 1 , in which the said non-fossil resource is water claim 1 , hydrochloric acid claim 1 , hydrogen chloride claim ...

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Номер записи: 26

13-06-2013 дата публикации

Mixed oxide based catalyst for the conversion of carbon dioxide to syngas and method of preparation and use

Номер: US20130150466A1

Автор: Aghaddin Mamedov, Clark Rea, Shahid N. Shaikh, Xiankuan Zhang

Принадлежит: Saudi Basic Industries Corp

The invention relates to a catalyst and process for making syngas mixtures including hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The process comprises contacting a gaseous feed mixture containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen with the catalyst, where the catalyst comprises Mn oxide and an auxiliary metal oxide selected from the group consisting of La, Ca, K, W, Cu, Al and mixtures or combinations thereof. The process enables hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide with high selectivity, and good catalyst stability over time and under variations in processing conditions. The process can be applied separately, but can also be integrated with other processes, both up-stream and/or down-stream including methane reforming or other synthesis processes for making products like alkanes, aldehydes, or alcohols.

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Номер записи: 27

20-06-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS WITH CATALYST CONDITIONING

Номер: US20130158139A1

Автор: DIEHL Fabrice, HUGUES Francois, MARION Marie-Claire

Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

A method for continuous production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in the presence of a cobalt-based catalyst which comprises a step of providing synthesis gas from a source () of synthesis gas in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor (). The method also includes the following steps: 14. Method for continuous production of hydrocarbon from synthesis gas in the presence of a cobalt-based catalyst , comprising a step of synthesis in which a synthesis gas is brought to reaction in the presence of a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch () synthesis reactor , characterised in that the following steps are also performed:{'b': '2', 'sub': 2', '2, 'a) conditioning of the catalyst in reduced state in a conditioning reactor () by contact with a flow of reducing gas from a synthesis gas source supplying the synthesis reactor, the reducing conditioning gas comprising carbon monoxide (CO) or a mixture comprising hydrogen (H) and carbon monoxide (CO), the H/CO molar ratio of which is between 0.01 and 0.9, at a temperature between 200 and 500° C., and a total pressure between 0.1 and 5 MPa under a gas flow between 1 and 20 NI/h/g of catalyst to be treated, for a duration between 1 and 48 h,'}{'b': '4', 'b) supply of reduced catalyst conditioned in step a) to the synthesis reactor ().'}2. Method according to claim 1 , comprising an additional step a′) of conditioning the catalyst conditioned in step a) in the presence of a conditioning reducing gas with H/CO molar ratio between 1 and 3.3. Method according to claim 2 , comprising an additional intermediate step a″) of conditioning the catalyst in the presence of a reducing gas with H/CO molar ratio greater than 3 claim 2 , step a″) being performed before step a′).4. Method according to claim 3 , in which steps a′) and a″) are performed in the same conditioning reactor as that in step a).5. Method according to claim 3 , in which steps a′) and a″) are operated in a conditioning reactor different from that in steps a).6. Production method ...

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Номер записи: 28

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Supplemental fuel to combustor of dual fluidized bed gasifier

Номер: US20130161563A1

Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric R. ELROD, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark K. Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang

Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A method of gasification by introducing a feed material to be subjected to gasification into a dual fluidized bed gasifier comprising a pyrolyzer fluidly connected with a combustor such that a circulation stream comprising a heat transfer material can be continuously circulated between the pyrolyzer, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is reduced, and the combustor, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is increased, wherein the pyrolyzer is operable to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the combustor is operable to increase the temperature of the circulation stream via combustion of char introduced thereto with the circulation stream and at least one supplemental fuel. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

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Номер записи: 29

27-06-2013 дата публикации

System and method for production of fischer-tropsch synthesis products and power

Номер: US20130165534A1

Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric R. ELROD, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark K. Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang

Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

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Номер записи: 30

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Methanation Of A Syngas

Номер: US20130165535A1

Автор: Siva Ariyapadi

Принадлежит: Kellogg Brown and Root LLC

Systems and methods for producing a synthetic natural gas are provided. A syngas can be separated into a first syngas, a second syngas, and a third syngas. The first syngas can be methanated to produce a first effluent. The first effluent can be mixed with the second syngas to produce a first mixed effluent. The first mixed effluent can be methanated to produce a second effluent. The second mixed effluent can be methanated to produce a third effluent. The third effluent can be cooled to produce a first cooled effluent. The first cooled effluent can be cooled to produce a synthetic natural gas.

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Номер записи: 31

04-07-2013 дата публикации

Reaction device for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas

Номер: US20130171040A1

Автор: Du Eil Kim, Gyu In Jung, Jong Wook Bae, Ki Won Jun, Kyoung Su Ha

Принадлежит: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology KRICT

Disclosed is a reaction device for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, in which hydrocarbons, olefins, oxygenates, etc., are produced over a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by using synthesis gas, so that catalyst particles can easily be from a slurry which is discharged to the outside. That is, the present invention provides a reaction device for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, in which an internal filter system for separating particles enlarged due to a agglomeration phenomenon of a catalyst is installed inside the reactor, and an separating device is separately disposed outside, such that it is possible to recirculate only particles having a size appropriate for performing F-T synthesis in the slurry phase, and additionally, it is possible to effectively discharge and process a catalyst aggregated due to a combination of fine catalyst particles, the catalyst chipped off during the operation, etc., liquid hydrocarbon, resulting water, etc., in the slurry phase reactor.

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Номер записи: 32

11-07-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing hydrocarbons with continuous charging of the catalyst

Номер: US20130178545A1

Автор: Fabrice Diehl, Francois Hugues, Marie Claire Marion

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising a synthesis step in which a synthesis gas is reacted in the presence of a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor ( 4 ), characterised in that, at the same time as the synthesis step, the following successive steps are carried out: a) charging a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt oxide in a reduction reactor ( 2 ); b) reducing the catalyst precursor charged in step a) by placing it in contact with a reduction gas comprising hydrogen (H 2 ) and/or carbon monoxide (CO); and c) introducing the catalyst reduced in step b) into the synthesis reactor ( 4 ).

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Номер записи: 33

18-07-2013 дата публикации

Catalyst treatment

Номер: US20130184360A1

Автор: Erling Rytter, Rune Myrstad, Sigrid Eri

Принадлежит: GTL F1 AG

A method of preparing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for handling, storage, transport and deployment, including the steps of impregnating a porous support material with a source of cobalt, calcining the impregnated support material activating the catalyst, and passivating the activated catalyst.

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Номер записи: 34

01-08-2013 дата публикации

Suspended-slurry reactor

Номер: US20130197109A1

Автор: Karim M. Ayman, Paul H. Humble, Ward E. Tegrotenhuis, Yong Wang

Принадлежит: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc

An apparatus for generating a large volume of gas from a liquid stream is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first channel through which the liquid stream passes. The apparatus also includes a layer of catalyst particles suspended in a solid slurry for generating gas from the liquid stream. The apparatus further includes a second channel through which a mixture of converted liquid and generated gas passes. A heat exchange channel heats the liquid stream. A wicking structure located in the second channel separates the gas generated from the converted liquid.

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Номер записи: 35

15-08-2013 дата публикации

OPERATION OF PROCESSES WHICH EMPLOY A CATALYST THAT DEACTIVATES OVER TIME

Номер: US20130210935A1

Автор: Nel Herman Gerhardus

Принадлежит:

A method of operating a process for catalytically converting one or more reactants to one or more products using a fluid bed reactor containing a catalyst which deactivates over time includes, during a catalyst campaign, in a step A, gradually increasing an operating temperature of the reactor to counteract the negative effect of catalyst deactivation on a conversion rate of the one or more reactants. The operating temperature is not allowed to exceed a selected maximum operating temperature. Thereafter, in a step B, catalyst is added which has the tendency to increase the conversion rate of the one or more reactants into the reactor, and the operating temperature of the reactor is reduced to counteract to at least some extent the effect of the added catalyst on the conversion rate of the one or more reactants. The operating temperature remains above a selected minimum operating temperature during step B. Steps A and B are repeated until the end of the catalyst campaign or until the end of a production run. 1. A method of operating a process for catalytically converting one or more reactants to one or more products using a fluid bed reactor containing a catalyst which deactivates over time , which method includes , during a catalyst campaign ,in a step A, gradually increasing an operating temperature of the reactor to counteract the negative effect of catalyst deactivation on a conversion rate of said one or more reactants, the operating temperature not exceeding a selected maximum operating temperature;in a step B, adding catalyst which has the tendency to increase the conversion rate of said one or more reactants into the reactor, and reducing the operating temperature of the reactor to counteract to at least some extent the effect of the added catalyst on the conversion rate of said one or more reactants, the operating temperature remaining above a selected minimum operating temperature; andrepeating steps A and B until the end of the catalyst campaign or until ...

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Номер записи: 36

15-08-2013 дата публикации

Fischer-tropsch catalyst regeneration

Номер: US20130210939A1

Автор: Erling Rytter, Oyvind Borg, Sigrid Eri, Torild Hulsund Skagseth

Принадлежит: GTL F1 AG

A process for the regeneration of deactivated catalyst from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, the catalyst being a supported cobalt catalyst. The process comprises the following steps: a withdrawal step, in which a portion of deactivated catalyst together with liquid hydrocarbon is withdrawn from the reactor; a concentration step, in which the concentration of the catalyst in the liquid hydrocarbon is increased; a calcination step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is subjected to an oxidising gas to oxidise carbonaceous material contained in the deactivated catalyst in to gaseous oxides of the components of the carbonaceous material; and a reactivation step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is reactivated to produced a regenerated catalyst.

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Номер записи: 37

22-08-2013 дата публикации

Compact fischer tropsch system with integrated primary and secondary bed temperature control

Номер: US20130216448A1

Автор: Joseph J. Hartvigsen, Lyman Joseph Frost, S. Elangovan

Принадлежит: Ceramatec Inc

A Fischer Tropsch (“FT”) reactor includes at least one FT tube. The FT tube may include a catalyst that is designed to catalyze an FT reaction, thereby creating a hydrocarbon from syngas. The FT reactor also includes a primary cooling fluid flow path that extends in a direction that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal length of the FT tube. A secondary cooling fluid flow path extends in a direction that is different than the direction of the primary cooling fluid flow path.

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Номер записи: 38

22-08-2013 дата публикации

Catalytic process for the direct production of hydrocarbon fuels from syngas

Номер: US20130217792A1

Автор: DeVilliers David, Schuetzle Dennis, Schuetzle Robert

Принадлежит:

A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently at low pressures for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 100 million gallons per year by eliminating traditional hydrocracking and other costly upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as biomass to fuel production plants and stranded natural gas to diesel fuel production plants, and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources. 127-. (canceled)28. A process for the production of a hydrocarbon mixture comprising the steps of:a) reducing a catalyst in a fixed bed reactor;b) reacting a feed gas that contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon product stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product stream comprises light gases, a diesel fuel and a waxwherein the diesel fuel fraction is produced without requiring the hydroprocessing of wax.29. The process of claim 28 , wherein the catalyst is reduced at a temperature less than 550 F.30. The process of claim 28 , wherein the catalyst has a pore diameter greater than about 120 angstroms.31. The process of claim 28 , wherein the catalyst has an effective pellet radius of less than 600 microns.32. The process of claim 28 , wherein the catalyst has crush strengths greater than 3 lbs/mm.33. The process of claim 28 , wherein the ratio of diesel fuel to wax in the hydrocarbon product stream is greater than about 5 to 1 weight percent.34. The process of claim 28 , wherein the diesel fuel has a lubricity ranging from 200 micron to 475 micron per the ASTM D6079 fuel lubricity test.35. ...

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Номер записи: 39

29-08-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING RENEWABLE FUELS

Номер: US20130225885A1

Автор: Foody Brian, Foody Patrick J.

Принадлежит: Iogen Corporation

According to the present invention, organic material is converted to a combustible fluid feedstock comprising methane. A fuel production facility utilizes or arranges to utilize combustible fluid feedstock to generate renewable hydrogen that is used to hydrogenate crude oil derived hydrocarbons in a process to make liquid transportation or heating fuel. The renewable hydrogen is combined with crude oil derived hydrocarbons under conditions to hydrogenate the hydrocarbons with the renewable hydrogen. 1. A method of producing a transportation or heating fuel comprising:(a) causing a first amount of combustible fluid feedstock comprising methane to be introduced to apparatus for delivering a combustible fluid feedstock to a fuel production facility, said first amount of combustible fluid feedstock being derived from organic material;(b) withdrawing for use at a fuel production facility, a second amount of combustible fluid feedstock approximately equal to the first amount of combustible fluid feedstock;(c) processing at the fuel production facility the second amount of combustible fluid feedstock to produce renewable hydrogen; and(d) producing a third amount of liquid transportation or heating fuel by a process that comprises: (i) combining renewable hydrogen derived from the second amount of combustible fluid feedstock with a desulfurized, crude oil derived liquid hydrocarbon in a reactor under conditions to hydrogenate the liquid hydrocarbon with the renewable hydrogen; or (ii) combining renewable hydrogen derived from the second amount of combustible fluid feedstock with a crude oil derived liquid hydrocarbon in a reactor to simultaneously desulfurize and hydrogenate the crude oil derived liquid hydrocarbon.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a hydrogenation reactor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a hydro cracker.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid transportation or heating fuel is selected from gasoline claim 1 , diesel ...

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Номер записи: 40

26-09-2013 дата публикации

HYBRID FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR USE THEREOF

Номер: US20130253079A1

Автор: Jothimurugesan Kandaswamy, SAXTON Robert James

Принадлежит: CHEVRON U.S.A . INC.

Disclosed are hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing cobalt deposited on hybrid supports. The hybrid supports contain an acidic zeolite component and a silica-containing material. It has been found that the use of the hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts in synthesis gas conversion reactions results in high C productivity, high CO conversion rates and low olefin formation. 1. A hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising:{'sup': '2', 'claim-text': i. at least one zeolite;', 'ii. a binder material; and', 'iii. a material selected from the group consisting of a silica-containing material, an alumina-containing material and a combination thereof; and, 'a. a hybrid support having a pore volume of from 0.4 cc/g to 1.4 cc/g and a BET surface area of from 100 to 450 m/g, the hybrid support comprisingb. a Fischer-Tropsch component deposited on the hybrid support.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein: i. at least 20 wt % zeolite;', 'ii. at least 10 wt % binder; and', 'iii. from 20-70 wt % material selected from the group consisting of a silica-containing material, an alumina-containing material and a combination thereof; and, 'a. the hybrid support comprisesb. the Fischer-Tropsch component comprises from 15 to 45 wt % cobalt deposited on the hybrid support.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the Fischer-Tropsch component further comprises a cobalt reduction promoter selected from the group consisting of platinum claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , rhenium claim 1 , silver and combinations thereof.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the at least one zeolite is selected from the group consisting of ZSM-12 claim 1 , ZSM-5 claim 1 , ZSM-11 claim 1 , ZSM-23 claim 1 , ZSM-57 claim 1 , ZSM-22 claim 1 , ZSM-48 claim 1 , SSZ-32 claim 1 , SSZ-32X claim 1 , SSZ-33 claim 1 , SSZ-53 claim 1 , SSZ-57 claim 1 ,SSZ-59 claim 1 , beta claim 1 , MCM-68 claim 1 , SAPO-11 and combinations thereof.5. The catalyst of claim 4 , wherein the silica-containing material further comprises a modifier selected ...

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Номер записи: 41

10-10-2013 дата публикации

Single reaction synthesis of texturized catalysts

Номер: US20130267411A1

Автор: Brian F. Woodfield, Calvin H. Bartholomew, David Selck, Fen Xu, Lynn Astle, Rebecca E. Olsen, Stacey Smith, Xuchu Ma

Принадлежит: BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

Methods are described for making a texturized catalyst. The textural promoter may be a high-surface area, high-porosity, stable metal oxide support. The catalyst is manufactured by reacting catalyst precursor materials and support materials in a single, solvent deficient reaction to form a catalyst. The catalyst may be particles or a coating or partial coating of a support surface.

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Номер записи: 42

24-10-2013 дата публикации

Method for processing fischer-tropsch off-gas

Номер: US20130276630A1

Автор: Desmond Andrew Bungku, Justus Theodorus Gerardus TE BRAAKE, Maarten Bracht, Sivakumar SADASIVAN VIJAYAKUMARI, Wouter David Van De Graaf, Xander Linders

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

A method for producing a gas comprising at least 80 vol % carbon monoxide from a Fischer-Tropsch off-gas comprises: (1) feeding Fischer-Tropsch off-gas through a column comprising an adsorbent bed at high pressure and discharging effluent; (2) reducing the pressure in the column and the bed slightly; (3) rinsing the column and the adsorbent bed with methane or a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide; (4) reducing the pressure of the column and adsorbent bed to a low pressure; (5) rinsing the column and adsorbent bed with a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen; (6) pressurizing the column and adsorbent bed to a high pressure using a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen. The product stream obtained in step (3) comprising at least 80 vol % carbon monoxide can be sent as feed to a Fischer-Tropsch reaction. In an embodiment, a gas comprising at least 80 vol % hydrogen is also produced.

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Номер записи: 43

24-10-2013 дата публикации

CATALYST FOR OXYGENATE SYNTHESIS, OXYGENATE PRODUCTION APPARATUS, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING OXYGENATE

Номер: US20130281554A1

Автор: CADIGAN Christopher, IWANE Kazuyoshi, RICHARDS Ryan

Принадлежит:

This invention relates to a catalyst for oxygenate synthesis to use for synthesizing an oxygenate from mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst comprising, an (A) component: rhodium, a (B) component: manganese, a (C) component: an alkali metal, and a (Z) component: magnesium oxide. 1. A catalyst for oxygenate synthesis to use for synthesizing an oxygenate from mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide , the catalyst comprising:an (A) component: rhodium;a (B) component: manganese,a (C) component: an alkali metal; anda (Z) component: magnesium oxide.2. The catalyst for oxygenate synthesis according to claim 1 ,wherein the magnesium oxide is MgO (111) that has a (111) surface.3. The catalyst for oxygenate synthesis according to claim 1 , {'br': None, 'i': 'aA·bB·cC', '(I)'}, 'wherein the catalyst is represented by the following Formula (I).'}(In Formula (I), A represents the (A) component; B represents the (B) component; C represents the (C) component; a, b, and c represent mol %; a+b+c=1; a=0.053 to 0.98; b=0.00059 to 0.67; and c=0.00056 to 0.51.)4. The catalyst for oxygenate synthesis according to claim 1 ,wherein the total amount of the (A) to (C) components based on 100 parts by mass of the (Z) component is 0.01 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass.5. The catalyst for oxygenate synthesis according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , as a (D) component claim 1 , any one or more elements selected from the group consisting of zirconium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , lanthanoid claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cesium claim 1 , boron claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , gallium claim 1 , indium claim 1 , thallium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , and chromium.6. The catalyst for oxygenate synthesis according to claim 5 , {'br': None, 'i': 'aA·bB·cC·dD', '(II)'}, 'wherein the catalyst is represented by the following Formula (II)'}(in Formula (II), A represents the (A) component; B represents the (B) component; C represents the (C) ...

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Номер записи: 44

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Shell-and-tube reactor for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions

Номер: US20130287652A1

Автор: Bernd Sturmer, Franz Egner, Josef Dachs, Manfred Lehr, Michael Specht, Rolf Bank, Volkmar Frick

Принадлежит: MAN Diesel and Turbo SE

A tube bundle reactor for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions, particularly methanation reactions, has a bundle of catalyst-filled reaction tubes through which reaction gas flows and around which heat carrier flows during operation. In the region of the catalyst filling, the reaction tubes run through at least two heat carrier zones which are separated from one another, the first of which heat carrier zones extends over the starting region of the catalyst filling. The reaction tubes each have a first reaction tube portion with a first hydraulic diameter of the catalyst filling and, downstream thereof in flow direction of the reaction gas, at least a second reaction tube portion with a second hydraulic diameter of the catalyst filling that is greater than the first hydraulic diameter of the catalyst filling.

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Номер записи: 45

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Conversion of Natural Gas

Номер: US20130289144A1

Автор: Rian Steyn

Принадлежит: Asa Energy Conversions Ltd

A process and apparatus for converting a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons comprising reacting the hydrogen and carbon monoxide at elevated temperature and pressure in contact with a suitable catalyst in a reactive distillation column is disclosed.

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Номер записи: 46

31-10-2013 дата публикации

CATALYST FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS, PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR, AND PRODUCTION METHOD USING FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS CATALYST

Номер: US20130289145A1

Автор: Miura Yasutomo, Nakashizu Shigenori

Принадлежит:

The catalyst for FT synthesis comprises manganese carbonate containing from 10 to 25% by mass of silica in terms of an oxide on the basis of the mass of the catalyst, not more than 6% by mass of an organic binder on the basis of the mass of the catalyst, and from 0.5 to 5% by mass of ruthenium in terms of a metal on the basis of the mass of the catalyst, wherein the catalyst has a surface area of 100 to 210 m/g and a pore volume of 0.1 to 0.6 ml/g. 1. A catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis comprising:manganese carbonate;from 10 to 25% by mass of silica in terms of an oxide on the basis of a mass of the catalyst;not more than 6% by mass of an organic binder based on a mass of the catalyst; andfrom 0.5 to 5% by mass of ruthenium in terms of a metal on the basis of a mass of the catalyst,{'sup': '2', 'wherein the catalyst has a surface area of 100 to 210 m/g and a pore volume of 0.1 to 0.6 ml/g.'}2. The catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis according to claim 1 , wherein the organic binder is a methyl cellulose.3. A production method for a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis claim 1 , the method comprising:preparing a support by kneading a mixture formed by incorporating, in manganese carbonate, an amount of a silica sol sufficient to provide a silica content of 10 to 25% by mass in terms of an oxide on the basis of a mass of the catalyst, and not more than 6% by mass of an organic binder based on a mass of the catalyst, and subsequently molding an obtained kneading mixture,subsequently preparing a catalyst precursor by drying the support at not higher than 250° C., andincorporating, in the catalyst precursor, from 0.5 to 5% by mass of ruthenium in terms of a metal on the basis of a mass of the catalyst, and then performing drying at not higher than 250° C.4. The production method for a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis according to claim 3 , wherein following incorporating ruthenium in the catalyst precursor using ruthenium nitrate claim 3 , drying is ...

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Номер записи: 47

14-11-2013 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for producing liquid hydrocarbon fuels from coal

Номер: US20130303637A1

Автор: Ronald Kyle

Принадлежит: ECOKAP TECHNOLOGIES LLC

A method of converting coal into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel utilizes a high pressure, high temperature reactor which operates upon a blend of micronized coal, a catalyst, and steam. Microwave power is directed into the reactor. The catalyst, preferably magnetite, will act as a heating media for the microwave power and the temperature of the reactor will rise to a level to efficiently convert the coal and steam into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

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Номер записи: 48

21-11-2013 дата публикации

Temperature control system

Номер: US20130306299A1

Автор: Kentarou Morita, Yuzuru Kato

Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

The temperature control system of the present invention is a temperature control system for recovering reaction heat inside a reactor in which an exothermic reaction takes place, thereby controlling a temperature inside the reactor. The temperature control system is provided with a coolant drum in which a liquid coolant is accommodated in a vapor-liquid equilibrium state, a heat removing unit which is disposed on the reactor to internally circulate the liquid coolant supplied from the coolant drum, a temperature determining unit which determines a temperature inside the reactor, and a pressure controller which controls pressure inside the coolant drum. The pressure controller controls the pressure inside the coolant drum based on a difference between an actual temperature inside the reactor determined by the temperature determining unit and a preset temperature value inside the reactor, thereby controlling the temperature of the liquid coolant inside the coolant drum.

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Номер записи: 49

28-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for generating a synthetic natural gas

Номер: US20130317126A1

Автор: Gordon Edward Wilson, Norman MacLeod, Peter Edward James Abbott

Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

A process is described for reducing the thiophene content in a synthesis gas mixture, comprising comprises the steps of (i) passing a synthesis gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon oxides and containing thiophene over a copper-containing sorbent disposed in a sorbent vessel at an inlet temperature in the range 200-280 oC, (ii) withdrawing a thiophene depleted synthesis gas containing methanol from the sorbent vessel, and (iii) adjusting the temperature of the methanol-containing thiophene-depleted synthesis gas mixture. The resulting gas mixture may be used for production of chemicals, e.g. methanol production or for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of liquid hydrocarbons, for hydrogen production by using water gas shift, or for the production of synthetic natural gas.

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Номер записи: 50

05-12-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CATALYST USING A RAPID DRYING STAGE AND USE THEREOF FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20130324623A1

Автор: BERLIET Adrien, DIEHL Fabrice, Lopez Joseph, Maury Sylvie

Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns a process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising an active phase comprising at least one metal from group VIII selected from cobalt, nickel, ruthenium and iron, alone or as a mixture, and an oxide support which can be used in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process comprises at least once the linked sequence of a stage for impregnation of said oxide support, a drying stage in which said impregnated oxide support is entrained by means of a gas, said impregnated oxide support being subjected in said stage to a temperature rise ramp of between 250 and 600° C./min, the residence time of said impregnated oxide support in said drying stage being between 1 second and 1 minute, and a stage for calcination of said dried impregnated oxide support. The invention also concerns a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process using the catalyst prepared according to the preparation process. 1. A process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising an active phase comprising at least one metal from group VIII selected from cobalt , nickel , ruthenium and iron , alone or as a mixture , and an oxide support , said process comprising at least the linked sequence of the following stages:a stage for impregnation of said oxide support,a rapid drying stage in which said impregnated oxide support is entrained by means of a gas, said impregnated oxide support being subjected in said stage to a temperature rise ramp of between 250 and 600° C./min, the residence time of said impregnated oxide support in said drying stage being between 1 second and 1 minute, anda stage for calcination of said impregnated and dried oxide support.2. A process according to wherein the linked sequence of the impregnation claim 1 , drying and calcination stages claim 1 , in that order claim 1 , is performed at least twice.3. A process according to wherein said active phase comprises cobalt.4. A process according to wherein said oxide support of the catalyst is selected from the simple oxides ...

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Номер записи: 51

05-12-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CATALYST USING AT LEAST ONE RAPID DRYING STAGE AND AT LEAST ONE FLUIDISED BED DRYING STAGE AND USE THEREOF FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20130324624A1

Автор: BERLIET Adrien, DIEHL Fabrice, Lopez Joseph, Maury Sylvie

Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

Preparation of a catalyst comprising at least one metal from group VIII said process comprising stabilization of an oxide support, by impregnation of said oxide support, rapid drying, calcination of impregnated and dried oxide support, stabilization stage being followed at least once by impregnation of stabilized oxide support, drying of stabilized and impregnated oxide support operating in a fluidized bed in the presence of a gas, said support being subjected to a temperature rise ramp of between 0.5 and 5° C./min to attain a temperature of between 50 and 170° C., the residence time of said support once the drying temperature is reached being between 20 and 180 min, and calcination of said dried impregnated stabilized oxide support. 1. A process for the preparation of a catalyst comprising an active phase comprising at least one metal from group VIII selected from cobalt , nickel , ruthenium and iron , alone or as a mixture , and an oxide support , said process comprising: a stage for impregnation of said oxide support,', 'a drying stage in which said impregnated oxide support is entrained by means of a gas, said impregnated oxide support being subjected in said stage to a temperature rise ramp of between 250 and 600° C./min, the residence time of said impregnated oxide support in said drying stage being between 1 second and 1 minute, and', 'a stage for calcination of said impregnated and dried oxide support, said calcination operation being carried out in one or two stages,, 'at least one stage for stabilisation of said oxide support, consisting of a stage for impregnation of said stabilised oxide support,', 'a stage for drying of said stabilised and impregnated oxide support operating in a fluidised bed in the presence of a gas, said support being subjected to a temperature rise ramp of between 0.5 and 5° C./min to attain a temperature of between 50 and 170° C., the residence time of said support once the drying temperature is reached in said drying stage being ...

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Номер записи: 52

16-01-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20140018449A1

Автор: Shingu Masaki

Принадлежит:

A method for producing hydrocarbons includes: a synthesis step of synthesizing hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction using a slurry bubble column reactor having a slurry containing catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbons retained inside the reactor, and having a gas phase portion located above the slurry; a discharging step of passing the slurry through a filter positioned inside and/or outside the reactor, thereby separating and discharging the heavy liquid hydrocarbons; a backwash step of flushing liquid hydrocarbons through the filter in the opposite direction to the flow of the slurry, thereby returning the catalyst particles to the reactor; and a cooling and gas-liquid separation step of cooling the hydrocarbons discharged from the gas phase portion, and then separating and collecting the condensed light liquid hydrocarbons. The liquid hydrocarbons flushed through the filter in the backwash step include the light liquid hydrocarbons obtained in the cooling and gas-liquid separation step. 1. A method for producing hydrocarbons , the method comprising:a synthesis step of synthesizing hydrocarbons by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, using a slurry bubble column reactor having a slurry comprising catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbons retained inside the reactor, and having a gas phase portion located above the slurry,a discharging step of passing the slurry through a filter positioned inside and/or outside the reactor, thereby separating catalyst particles and heavy liquid hydrocarbons, and discharging the heavy liquid hydrocarbons,a backwash step of flushing liquid hydrocarbons through the filter in an opposite direction to a flow direction of the slurry, thereby returning catalyst particles accumulated on the filter to the slurry bed inside the reactor, anda cooling and gas-liquid separation step of cooling hydrocarbons discharged from the gas phase portion of the reactor that are gaseous under conditions inside the reactor, and then ...

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Номер записи: 53

16-01-2014 дата публикации

ACTIVATED FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS REACTION CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20140018454A1

Автор: Hayasaka Kazuaki, Nagayasu Yoshiyuki, Ono Hideki, Yokoi Mayumi

Принадлежит:

A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction catalyst includes a catalyst support containing a silica and zirconium oxide in an amount of 0.5 to 14% by mass based on the mass of the catalyst support, and cobalt metal and a cobalt oxide supported on the catalyst support in an amount equivalent to 10 to 40% by mass of tricobalt tetroxide based on the mass of the catalyst, wherein the degree of reduction of the cobalt atoms is within a range from 75 to 93%, and the amount of hydrogen gas adsorption per unit mass of the catalyst at 100° C. is within a range from 0.40 to 1.0 ml/g. 2. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction catalyst according to claim 1 , whereinan amount of hydrogen gas adsorption per unit mass of cobalt metal at 100° C. is within a range from 3.4 to 5.0 ml/g.3. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction catalyst according to claim 1 , whereina value obtained by multiplying the degree of reduction of cobalt atoms by the amount of hydrogen gas adsorption per unit mass of cobalt metal at 100° C. is within a range from 290 to 350.4. A method for producing hydrocarbons claim 1 , the method comprising{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'subjecting a feedstock comprising carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction in presence of the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction catalyst according to .'}5. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction catalyst according to claim 2 , whereina value obtained by multiplying the degree of reduction of cobalt atoms by the amount of hydrogen gas adsorption per unit mass of cobalt metal at 100° C. is within a range from 290 to 350. The present invention relates to an activated catalyst used in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, and a method for producing hydrocarbons that uses the catalyst.Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-079049, filed Mar. 31, 2011, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.In recent years, the regulations relating to the sulfur ...

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Номер записи: 54

23-01-2014 дата публикации

Method of removing heavy hydrocarbons

Номер: US20140021094A1

Автор: Fuyuki Yagi, Kenichi Kawazuishi, Shuhei Wakamatsu, Tomoyuki Mikuriya

Принадлежит: Chiyoda Corp, Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

Heavy hydrocarbons contained in FT off gas of a GTL process are removed by bringing the FT off gas into contact with absorption oil, by introducing the FT off gas into a distillation tower, by cooling the FT off gas or by driving the FT off gas into an adsorbent. A burner tip for heating a reformer tube, using FT off gas as fuel, is prevented from being plugged by the deposition of heavy hydrocarbons contained in the FT off gas.

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Номер записи: 55

06-02-2014 дата публикации

TRANSITION METAL NANOCATALYST, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND PROCESS FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS USING THE SAME

Номер: US20140039073A1

Автор: Cai Zhipeng, KOU YUAN, LI Yongwang, XIAO CHAOXIAN, Yan Ning

Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a transition metal nano-catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a process for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using the catalyst. The transition metal nano-catalyst comprises transition metal nanoparticles and polymer stabilizers, and the transition metal nanoparticles are dispersed in liquid media to form stable colloids. The transition metal nano-catalyst can be prepared by mixing and dispersing transition metal salts and polymer stabilizers in liquid media, and then reducing the transition metal salts with hydrogen at 100-200° C. The process for F-T synthesis using the nano-catalyst comprises contacting a reactant gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the catalyst and reacting. In addition, the transition metal nanoparticles have smaller diameter and narrower diameter distribution, which is beneficial to control product distribution. Meanwhile, the catalyst can be easily separated from hydrocarbon products and reused. 126.-. (canceled)27. A method of using a transition metal nanocatalyst in Fisher-Tropsch synthesis , comprising contacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the transition metal nanocatalyst; andwherein the transition metal nanocatalyst comprises transition metal nanoparticles and polymer stabilizers, wherein the transition metal nanoparticles stabilized by the polymer stabilizers are dispersed in a liquid media to form stable colloids and the particle size of the nanoparticles is about 1-10 nm; andwherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, cobalt, nickel, iron and rhodium and combinations thereof.28. The method of wherein the particle size is about 1.8±0.4 nm.29. The method of wherein the polymer stabilizers are selected from poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) or poly[(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-co-(1-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium halide)] claim 28 , and said liquid media is optionally selected from the group consisting of water claim 28 , alcohols claim 28 , hydrocarbons ...

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Номер записи: 56

20-02-2014 дата публикации

USING FOSSIL FUELS TO INCREASE BIOMASS-BASED FUEL BENEFITS

Номер: US20140047763A1

Автор: Bonaquist Dante Patrick, CHAKRAVARTI SHRIKAR, Drnevich Raymond Francis, PANUCCIO GREGORY

Принадлежит:

In the production of fuel such as ethanol from carbonaceous feed material such as biomass, a stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide is added to the raw gas stream derived from the feed material, and the resulting combined stream is converted into fuel and a gaseous byproduct such as by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The gaseous byproduct may be utilized in the formation of the aforementioned stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. 1. A method comprising(A) providing a gaseous product stream which is formed from fossil-fuel-based hydrocarbon feed and which comprises hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a mole ratio of H2:CO of at least 2.0:1; and(B) adding the gaseous product stream provided in step (A) to a syngas stream derived from carbonaceous feed material and containing hydrogen and CO, in a sufficient amount to form a mixed syngas stream having a H2:CO mole ratio higher than that of said syngas stream derived from carbonaceous feed material.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein up to 100% of a byproduct stream obtained from the conversion of said mixed syngas stream to form product fuel is reacted in said formation of said gaseous product stream that is provided in step (A) claim 1 , wherein said byproduct stream comprises one or more of hydrogen claim 1 , CO claim 1 , water vapor claim 1 , methane and hydrocarbon containing at least 2 carbon atoms and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms.3. A method comprising(A) providing fossil-fuel-based hydrocarbon feed;(B) forming from said fossil-fuel-based hydrocarbon feed a gaseous product stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a mole ratio of H2:CO of at least 2.0:1; and(C) adding the gaseous product stream formed in step (B) to a syngas stream containing hydrogen and CO that is derived from carbonaceous feed material, in a sufficient amount to form a mixed syngas stream having a H2:CO mole ratio higher than that of said syngas stream derived from carbonaceous feed material.4. A method according to claim 3 , ...

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Номер записи: 57

27-02-2014 дата публикации

Cold flow response of diesel fuels

Номер: US20140053459A1

Автор: Delanie Lamprecht, Stefan De Goede, Vivien Louise Van Zyl

Принадлежит: Sasol Technology Pty Ltd

The invention provides a blend of FT derived diesel, crude derived diesel, and CFPP improving additive, wherein the FT diesel is from 1 vol % to 50 vol % of the blend, said blend having a CFPP of below −18° C. The invention extends to use of FT diesel as a blend component for a compression ignition fuel blend, said blend including the FT diesel, a crude derived diesel fuel and a CFPP improver additive, wherein the FT diesel is from 1 vol % to 50 vol % of the blend, which blend has a CFPP of below −20° C.

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Номер записи: 58

13-03-2014 дата публикации

Generating deoxygenated pyrolysis vapors

Номер: US20140073823A1

Автор: Edgar LOTERO, Johnathan T. Gorke, Mark A. Hughes, Natalie A. Rebacz, Samuel T. Jones, Tie-Pan Shi

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Co

The present disclosure relates generally to novel biomass pyrolysis processes and systems that decrease entrainment of char and other contaminants with the pyrolysis vapors.

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Номер записи: 59

20-03-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR ESTIMATING CONTENT OF FINE PARTICLES IN SLURRY AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON OIL

Номер: US20140080926A1

Автор: Hayasaka Kazuaki

Принадлежит:

A method for estimating a particulate content in a slurry of the present invention is a method for estimating a content of particulates having a predetermined particle size or less in a slurry with solid particles dispersed in hydrocarbons including a wax, the method including, based on a correlation between a visible light transmittance and a content of solid particles having the predetermined particle size or less at a temperature at which hydrocarbons including a wax are liquefied when the solid particles having the predetermined particle size or less are dispersed in the hydrocarbons, estimating a content of particulates having the predetermined particle size or less in the slurry from a visible light transmittance of a supernatant part when the slurry is left to stand at the temperature. 1. A method for estimating a content of particulates having a predetermined particle size or less in a slurry with solid particles dispersed in hydrocarbons including a wax , the method comprising , based on a correlation between a visible light transmittance and a content of solid particles having the predetermined particle size or less at a temperature at which hydrocarbons including a wax are liquefied when the solid particles having the predetermined particle size or less are dispersed in the hydrocarbons , estimating a content of particulates having the predetermined particle size or less in the slurry from a visible light transmittance of a supernatant part when the slurry is left to stand at the temperature.2. The method for estimating a particulate content in a slurry according to claim 1 , wherein the solid particle is a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst in which cobalt and/or ruthenium is supported by an inorganic oxide catalyst support.3. A process for producing a hydrocarbon oil by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction using a slurry bubble column reactor that retains a slurry containing catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbons inside thereof and that has a ...

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Номер записи: 60

20-03-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A COBALT - CONTAINING HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS CATALYST PRECURSOR

Номер: US20140080929A1

Автор: Eloff Cornelia Carolina, Van De Loosdrecht Jan, Van Rensburg Hendrik, Visagie Jacobus Lucas

Принадлежит: SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITED

A process for preparing a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a catalyst support supporting a cobalt compound. The calcination includes subjecting the loaded catalyst support to heat treatment by heating the loaded catalyst support to a temperature, T, of at least 220° C. at a heating rate below 10° C./minute, and effecting gas flow at a space velocity of at least 9 mn/kg cobalt compound/hour over the loaded catalyst support during at least part of the heating. The cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor is thereby produced. 1. A process for preparing a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor , which process includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a catalyst support supporting a cobalt compound , the calcination including subjecting the loaded catalyst support to heat treatment byheating the loaded catalyst support to a temperature, T, of at east 220° C. at a heating rate below 10° C./minute; and{'sup': '3', 'effecting gas flow at a space velocity of at least 9 mn/kg cobalt compound/hour over the loaded catalyst support during at least part of the heating, thereby to produce the cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor.'}2. The process according to wherein claim 1 , during the heat treatment claim 1 , the temperature T to which the loaded catalyst support is heated is about 250° C.3. The process according to wherein claim 1 , during the heat treatment claim 1 , the heating rate is below 6° C./minute.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the space velocity at which the gas flow is effected over the loaded catalyst support during the at least part of the heating claim 1 , is at least 19 mn/kg cobalt compound.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the space velocity at which the gas flow is effected over the loaded catalyst support during the at least part of the heating claim 4 , is at least 29 mn/kg ...

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Номер записи: 61

27-03-2014 дата публикации

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A COBALT - CONTAINING HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS CATALYST PRECURSOR

Номер: US20140083904A1

Автор: Barradas Sean, Eloff Cornelia Carolina, Visagie Jacobus Lucas

Принадлежит: SASOL TECHNOLOGY (PROPRIETARY) LIMITED

A process for preparing a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a catalyst support supporting a cobalt compound. The calcination includes heating the loaded catalyst support over a heating temperature range of 90° C. to 220° C. using (i) one or more high heating rate periods during the heating over the heating temperature range wherein heating of the loaded catalyst support takes place at a heating rate of at least 10° C./minute, and wherein a gas velocity of at least 5 m/kg cobalt compound/hour is effected over the loaded catalyst support, and (ii) one or more low heating rate periods during the heating over the heating temperature range wherein heating of the loaded catalyst support takes place at a heating rate of less than 6° C./minute. The cobalt compound is thereby calcined, with a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor being produced. 1. A process for preparing a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor , which process includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a catalyst support supporting a cobalt compound , the calcination including heating the loaded catalyst support over a heating temperature range of 90° C. to 220° C. usingone or more high heating rate periods during the heating over the heating temperature range wherein heating of the loaded catalyst support takes place at a heating rate of at least 10° C./minute, and wherein a gas velocity of at least 5 m3 n/kg cobalt compound/hour is effected over the loaded catalyst support; andone or more low heating rate periods during the heating over the heating temperature range wherein heating of the loaded catalyst support takes place at a heating rate of less than 6° C./minute, thereby to calcine the cobalt compound, with a cobalt-containing hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst precursor being produced.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the heating over the one or more high ...

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Номер записи: 62

10-04-2014 дата публикации

CERAMIC MATERIAL, METHOD FOR ADSORBING CARBON DIOXIDE AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING CARBON DIOXIDE

Номер: US20140100296A1

Автор: HWANG Bing-Joe, SU Wei-Nien, Yang Sheng-Chiang

Принадлежит: National Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology

A ceramic material, methods for adsorbing and converting carbon dioxide are provided. The ceramic material is represented by a chemical formula MMO, wherein Mis selected from a group consisting of Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb, Sc, Y, La, Ac, Al, Ga, In, Tl, V, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ca, Sr, Na, Li and K; Mis selected from a group consisting of Ce, Zn, Ti, Zr and Si; O represents oxygen atom; x<0.5, y>0.5, x+y=1.0, z<2.0; and the ceramic material has an adsorption capacity of not less than 20 μmol/g for COat 50° C. 1. A ceramic material , represented by a chemical formula MMO , wherein Mis selected from a group consisting of Nd , Sm , Gd , Yb , Sc , Y , La , Ac , Al , Ga , In , Tl , V , Nb , Ta , Fe , Co , Ni , Cu , Ca , Sr , Na , Li and K; Mis selected from a group consisting of Ce , Zn , Ti , Zr and Si; O represents oxygen atom; x<0.5 , y>0.5 , x+y=1.0 , z<2.0; and the ceramic material has an adsorption capacity of not less than 20 μmol/g for COat 50° C.2. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein the adsorption capacity for COat 50° C. is 20 to 99.1 μmol/g.3. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein a specific surface area of the ceramic material is 5 to 118 m/g.4. A method for adsorbing carbon dioxide claim 1 , comprising:{'sub': 1x', '2y', 'z', '1', '2, 'providing a ceramic material represented by a chemical formula MMO, wherein Mis selected from a group consisting of Nd, Sm, Gd, Yb, Sc, Y, La, Ac, Al, Ga, In, Tl, V, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ca, Sr, Na, Li and K; Mis selected from a group consisting of Ce, Zn, Ti, Zr and Si; O represents oxygen atom; and x<0.5, y>0.5, x+y=1.0, z<2.0;'}performing a temperature control process on the ceramic material, and adsorbing carbon dioxide with the ceramic material during the temperature control process.5. The method for adsorbing carbon dioxide of claim 4 , wherein the ceramic material is formed by using a space-confined method to increase oxygen vacancies in the ceramic material.6. The method for adsorbing carbon dioxide of claim 4 , ...

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Номер записи: 63

07-01-2021 дата публикации

FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS USING REDUCED COBALT CATALYST

Номер: US20210001322A1

Автор: FERGUSON Ewen, KRAWIEC Piotr, OJEDA PINEDA Manuel, PATERSON Alexander, WELLS Matthew James

Принадлежит:

A process for the conversion of a feed comprising a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide to hydrocarbons, the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the feed being present in a ratio of from 1:9 to 9:1 by volume, the process comprising the step of contacting the feed at elevated temperature and atmospheric or elevated pressure with a catalyst comprising titanium dioxide and co bait wherein the catalyst initially comprises from 30% to 95% metallic cobalt by weight of cobalt. 112-. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. A catalyst according to claim 13 , wherein the catalyst comprises from 40% to 85% metallic cobalt by weight of cobalt.17. A catalyst according to claim 13 , wherein the catalyst comprises from 50% to 85% metallic cobalt by weight of cobalt.18. A catalyst according to claim 13 , wherein the catalyst comprises from 70% to 80% metallic cobalt by weight of cobalt.19. A catalyst according to claim 13 , wherein the catalyst comprises from 5% to 30% cobalt by weight of the catalyst.20. A catalyst according to claim 13 , wherein the catalyst further comprises one or more promoters selected from chromium claim 13 , nickel claim 13 , iron claim 13 , molybdenum claim 13 , tungestein claim 13 , manganese claim 13 , boron claim 13 , zirconium claim 13 , gallium claim 13 , thorium claim 13 , lanthanum claim 13 , cerium claim 13 , ruthenium claim 13 , rhenium claim 13 , palladium claim 13 , platinum claim 13 , and compounds and/or mixtures thereof.21. A catalyst according to claim 20 , wherein the promoter is present in an amount up to 5% by weight of the catalyst.22. A process according to claim 14 , wherein the reducing is performed by exposing the catalyst composition to a hydrogen gas-containing stream claim 14 , wherein the hydrogen gas-containing stream comprises less than 10% carbon monoxide gas by volume of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas.23. A process according to claim 14 , wherein the reducing is performed by exposing the catalyst composition to a carbon monoxide ...

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Номер записи: 64

07-01-2016 дата публикации

CATALYST FOR LOW TEMPERATURE SLURRY BED FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS

Номер: US20160001267A1

Автор: Azzam Khalid, Duvenhage Dawid J., Huang Ray J., Hunegnaw Sara, Ionkina Olga, Kharas Karl C., Schmidt Christine, Still Mark, WRIGHT Harold A.

Принадлежит:

A method for controllably producing a hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst by combining an iron nitrate solution with a precipitating agent solution at a precipitating temperature and over a precipitation time to form a precipitate comprising iron phases; holding the precipitate from at a hold temperature for a hold time to provide a hematite containing precipitate; and washing the hematite containing precipitate via contact with a wash solution and filtering, to provide a washed hematite containing catalyst. The method may further comprise promoting the washed hematite containing catalyst with a chemical promoter; spray drying the promoted hematite containing catalyst; and calcining the spray dried hematite containing catalyst to provide a calcined hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. 1. A method for controllably producing a hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst , the method comprising:(a) combining an iron nitrate solution with a precipitating agent solution at a precipitating temperature and over a precipitation time to form a precipitate comprising iron phases, wherein the precipitating temperature is less than or equal to about 95° C.; wherein the iron nitrate, the precipitating agent solution, or both, comprise a refractory material;(b) holding the precipitate from (a) at a hold temperature for a hold time to provide a hematite containing precipitate; and(c) washing the hematite containing precipitate from (b) via contact with a wash solution and filtering, to provide a washed hematite containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.2. The method of further comprising adding a hematite promoter to control the amount of hematite in the hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.3. The method of wherein the hematite-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprises from about 0.5 to about 80 weight percent hematite.4. The method of wherein the hematite promoter is selected from the group consisting of basic silica claim 2 , acidic silica claim 2 , ...

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Номер записи: 65

05-01-2017 дата публикации

CIT-10: A TWO DIMENSIONAL LAYERED CRYSTALLINE MICROPOROUS SILICATE COMPOSITION AND COMPOSITIONS DERIVED THEREFROM

Номер: US20170001872A1

Автор: Davis Mark E., SCHMIDT JOEL E.

Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to a new crystalline microporous silicate solid, designated CIT-10, comprising a two dimensional layered structure, having an organic interlayer sandwiched between individual crystalline silicate layers. This CIT-10 material can be converted to a pure-silicate of RTH topology, as well as two new of pillared silicate structures, designated CIT-11 and CIT-12. This disclosure characterizes new materials and provides methods of preparing and using these new crystalline microporous solids. 1. A crystalline microporous silicate , designated CIT-10 , which exhibits a powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibiting at least five of the characteristic peaks at 7.6±0.2° , 8.7±0.2° , 10.3±0.2° , 18.8±0.2° , 20.3±0.2° , 21.8±0.2° , 22.4±0.2° , 22.7±0.2° , 22.9±0.2° , and 23.6±0.2° 2-theta.2. The crystalline microporous silicate of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline microporous silicate comprises a two dimensional layered structure claim 1 , having an organic material sandwiched between individual crystalline silicate layers.3. The crystalline microporous silicate of claim 2 , having a structure which is ordered along its two dimensional crystalline silicate layers claim 2 , but which exhibits disorder between its crystalline silicate layers claim 2 , as evidenced by RED (rotating electron diffraction) structure analysis.4. The crystalline microporous silicate of claim 1 , which exhibits an Si-MAS NMR spectrum having resonances at chemical shifts of −113 ppm claim 1 , −107 ppm claim 1 , and −102 ppm claim 1 , relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS).5. The crystalline microporous silicate of claim 4 , wherein the resonances at chemical shifts of −113 ppm claim 4 , −107 ppm claim 4 , and −102 ppm have relative integrated intensities of 8 claim 4 , 5 claim 4 , and 3 claim 4 , respectively.7. A crystalline microporous silicate claim 4 , designated CIT-11 claim 4 , which exhibits a powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibiting at least five of the ...

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Номер записи: 66

07-01-2016 дата публикации

Processes for recovering valuable components from a catalytic fast pyrolysis process

Номер: US20160002162A1

Автор: Charles M. Sorensen, Jr., Jeffrey P. WHITING, Marc E. SCHNEIDKRAUT, Michael TANZIO

Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc

Methods of separating products from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass are described. In a preferred method, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are recovered and separated using a quench system and solvent contacting system that employs materials produced in the pyrolysis process.

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Номер записи: 67

04-01-2018 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

Номер: US20180002248A1

Автор: Kelly Karen Sue, Melnichuk Larry Jack

Принадлежит:

A process to efficiently convert organic feedstock material into liquid non-oxygenated hydrocarbons in the Cto Ccarbon skeleton range is disclosed. The process can utilize gaseous, liquid or solid organic feedstocks containing carbon, hydrogen and, optionally, oxygen. The feedstock may require preparation of the organic feedstock for the process and is converted first into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then cleaned and conditioned and extraneous components removed, leaving substantially only the carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It is then converted via a series of chemical reactions into the desired liquid hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons are suitable for combustion in a vehicle engine and may be regarded a replacement for petrol made from fossil fuels in the Cto Ccarbon backbone range. The process also recycles gaseous by-products back through the various reactors of the process to maximize the liquid hydrocarbon in the Cto Ccarbon skeleton range yield. 1. A process for producing a Cto Chydrocarbon fuel from organic material , comprising:a) applying a heat source to heat an organic feedstock and oxygen at substoichiometric conditions to a temperature sufficient for partial combustion of said organic feedstock to occur and then ceasing application of said heat source once partial combustion has commenced;b) partially combusting said organic feedstock so as to produce a synthesis gas stream, said synthesis gas stream containing at least carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen;{'sub': '10', 'c) substantially removing unwanted solid and liquid matter comprising oxides, ash and hydrocarbons having a carbon skeleton of greater than Cfrom said synthesis gas stream to produce a first cleaned synthesis gas stream containing at least carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen;'}d) compressing said first cleaned synthesis gas stream and substantially removing water;e) conditioning and further cleaning the first cleaned ...

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Номер записи: 68

07-01-2016 дата публикации

COMMERCIAL FISCHER-TROPSCH REACTOR

Номер: US20160002541A1

Автор: BOHN MARK, HOGSETT FRANK, IBSEN Mark, MOHEDAS SERGIO, WRIGHT Harold A.

Принадлежит:

A method for converting synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons by introducing a synthesis gas feed into a Fischer-Tropsch system that includes a catalytic reactor fluidly connected with at least two slurry loops, the reactor comprising at least as many reactor product outlets and slurry return inlets as slurry loops; each slurry loop comprising a separation system comprising at least one separator, an inlet of each separator fluidly connected to a reactor product outlet via a slurry offtake, and an outlet of each separator fluidly connected to a slurry return inlet via a slurry return; separating concentrated catalyst slurry from the reaction product via the slurry loops; removing liquid hydrocarbon product from each separator; and returning concentrated catalyst slurry to the catalytic reactor via the slurry returns and slurry return inlets. A system for converting synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons via the method is also disclosed. 1. A method for converting synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons , the method comprising:introducing a synthesis gas feed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor of a Fischer-Tropsch system at a superficial gas velocity greater than the average sedimentation velocity and/or greater than the minimum fluidization velocity of catalyst in the catalytic reactor, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch system comprises: a catalytic reactor fluidly connected with at least two slurry loops, wherein the reactor comprises at least as many reactor product outlets and at least as many slurry return inlets as slurry loops; wherein each slurry loop comprises a separation system comprising at least one separator for separating concentrated catalyst slurry from liquid product; an inlet of the at least one separator fluidly connected to one of the reactor product outlets via a slurry offtake, an outlet of the at least one separator fluidly connected to one of the slurry return inlets via a slurry return, and a product outlet of the at least one separator for removal of ...

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Номер записи: 69

07-01-2016 дата публикации

GASIFIER FLUIDIZATION

Номер: US20160002547A1

Автор: BORUM Bryan C., CARRYER Benjamin H., ELROD Eric R., JIANG Weibin, MCCOMISH Bruce E., ROBERTSON Mark K., WEEKS Sim, WRIGHT Harold A.

Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide, wherein the gasification apparatus comprises at least one vessel configured for fluidization of the contents thereof via introduction thereto of a fluidization gas comprising at least one non-steam component;at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus and configured to prepare a carbonaceous material for introduction into the gasification apparatus; synthesis gas conditioning apparatus configured to produce a conditioned synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide that is different from the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the gasification product gas, to provide a conditioned synthesis gas having a reduced amount of at least one component relative to the ...

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Номер записи: 70

05-01-2017 дата публикации

RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY CONVERSION OF LIQUID FUELS FROM HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20170002271A1

Автор: Bromberg Leslie, Cohn Daniel R., Surma Jeffrey E.

Принадлежит: INENTEC INC

The present invention includes a method for converting renewable energy source electricity and a hydrocarbon feedstock into a liquid fuel by providing a source of renewable electrical energy in communication with a synthesis gas generation unit and an air separation unit. Oxygen from the air separation unit and a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided to the synthesis gas generation unit, thereby causing partial oxidation reactions in the synthesis gas generation unit in a process that converts the hydrocarbon feedstock into synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is then converted into a liquid fuel. 1. A method , comprising:generating oxygen in an oxygen separation unit utilizing electricity from wind or solar power;supplying the oxygen from the oxygen separation unit to a synthesis gas generation unit;supplying steam to the synthesis gas generation unit;producing synthesis gas in the synthesis gas generation unit using a combination of steam reformation and partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon feedstock in the synthesis gas generation unit; andconverting the synthesis gas into a fuel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting the synthesis gas into the fuel includes converting the synthesis gas into a liquid fuel.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising storing the oxygen generated by the oxygen separation unit prior to supplying the oxygen from the oxygen separation unit to the synthesis gas generation unit.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein storing the oxygen generated by the oxygen separation unit includes cryogenically storing the oxygen generated by the oxygen separation unit.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing electricity to operate the oxygen separation unit from a solar or wind powered renewable energy source.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein producing synthesis gas in the synthesis gas generation unit includes operating one or more plasma electrodes in the synthesis gas generation unit to partially oxidize the hydrocarbon feedstock.7. The ...

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Номер записи: 71

05-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR REFORMING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20170002281A1

Автор: AASBERG-PETERSEN Kim, Christensen Peter Seier, Christensen Thomas Sandahl

Принадлежит:

A process for the production of synthesis gas by the use of autothermal reforming in which tail gas from downstream Fischer-Tropsh synthesis is hydrogenated and then added to the autothermal reforming stage. 1. Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising:a) passing said hydrocarbon feedstock through an ATR, CPO or POx, and withdrawing a stream of hot effluent synthesis gas from the ATR, CPO or PDX,b) converting the synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,{'b': '1', 'c) passing tail gas from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage through a hydrogenation stage to produce a hydrogenated tail gas containing less than mol olefins, and'}d) adding the hydrogenated tail gas directly to said ATR, CPO or Pox;e) optionally recovering the liquid hydrocarbons produced.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon feedstock is a gas that has passed through at least one adiabatic pre-reforming stage.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon feedstock is a gas that has passed through at least one steam reforming stage.4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon feedstock is a gas mixture resulting from dividing a raw hydrocarbon feed gas into two streams claim 1 , passing the first stream through at least one steam reforming stage to form a primary reformed gas claim 1 , using the second stream as a by-pass stream to said steam reforming stage claim 1 , and subsequently combining said primary reformed gas with the by-pass stream to form said hydrocarbon feedstock.5. Process according to claim 1 , comprising dividing a raw hydrocarbon feed gas into two streams claim 1 , by which one of the streams becomes said hydrocarbon feedstock claim 1 , and passing the other stream through at least one steam reforming stage to form a reformed gas.6. Process according to claim 3 , wherein the steam reforming stage is heat exchange reforming claim 3 , and where at least a portion ...

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Номер записи: 72

07-01-2016 дата публикации

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY FROM A CRUDE HYDROCARBON RESERVOIR

Номер: US20160003024A1

Автор: Udesen Henrik, Vivas Angelica Hidalgo

Принадлежит: Haldor Topsoe A/S

The invention relates to a method and a system for recovery of oil from a crude hydrocarbon reservoir. A synthesis gas from natural gas, and then liquid hydrocarbon or liquid oxygenate is produced from said synthesis gas. The liquid hydrocarbon or liquid oxygenate is then passed into said crude hydrocarbon reservoir to provide a crude hydrocarbon mixture, and the crude hydrocarbon mixture is withdrawn from said reservoir. 1. A method for oil recovery from a crude hydrocarbon reservoir , said method comprising the steps of:a. providing a natural gas,b. producing a synthesis gas from said natural gas,c. producing liquid hydrocarbons or liquid oxygenates from said synthesis gas,d. passing said liquid hydrocarbons or liquid oxygenates into said crude hydrocarbon reservoir to provide a crude hydrocarbon mixture, ande. extracting said crude hydrocarbon mixture from said crude hydrocarbon reservoir.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein step c. comprises the steps of:c1. converting synthesis gas to methanol or methanol/dimethylether (DME),c2. dehydrating said methanol or MeOH/DME to dimethyl etherc3. further dehydrating said dimethyl ether to form liquid hydrocarbons, preferably in the presence of a zeolite catalyst.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the natural gas in step a. is itself obtained from said crude hydrocarbon reservoir.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the natural gas is separated from the crude hydrocarbons prior to being used in step a.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein liquid hydrocarbons are produced from said synthesis gas in step c.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said liquid hydrocarbons are in the gasoline range claim 5 , i.e. C5-C12 claim 5 ,7. The method according to claim 2 , wherein liquid oxygenates (MeOH or MeOH/DME) are produced from said synthesis gas in step c.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein said liquid oxygenate is methanol claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , DME or a mixture thereof.9. A ...

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Номер записи: 73

02-01-2020 дата публикации

All-Steam Gasification with Carbon Capture

Номер: US20200002631A1

Автор: Parkes John, Todd Douglas M., Wormser Alex

Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for all-steam gasification with carbon capture includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, volatiles, hydrogen, and volatiles at outlets. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying fluid, and steam. The gasification chamber produces syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets. A combustion chamber receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant and burns the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. The system of the present teaching produces nitrogen free high hydrogen syngas for applications such as IGCC with CCS, CTL, and Polygeneration plants. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, volatiles, and hydrogen at outlets; and i) a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char from the micronized char preparation system, and that receives a conveying fluid and steam, the gasification chamber producing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and', 'ii) a combustion chamber that receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant, the combustion chamber burning the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen, the heat for gasification being transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand., 'b) an ...

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Номер записи: 74

02-01-2020 дата публикации

THERMAL AND CHEMICAL UTILIZATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR EMISSION-FREE GENERATION OF ENERGY

Номер: US20200002632A1

Автор: RÜDLINGER Mikael

Принадлежит:

A process for the generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products utilizing carbonaceous materials. In a first process stage (P) the carbonaceous materials are supplied and are pyrolysed, wherein pyrolysis coke (M) and pyrolysis gas (M) are formed. In a second process stage (P), the pyrolysis coke (M) from the first process stage (P) is gasified, wherein synthesis gas (M) is formed, and slag and other residues (M M M M) are removed. In a third process stage (P), the synthesis gas (M) from the second process stage (P) is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid, and/or gaseous products (M), which are discharged. The three process stages (P P P) form a closed cycle. Surplus gas (M) from the third process stage (P) is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage (P), and/or the second process stage (P), and pyrolysis gas (M) from the first process stage (P) is passed into the second process stage (P), and/or the third process stage (P). 1. A process for the emission-free generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products by utilization of carbonaceous materials , in which in a first process stage the carbonaceous materials are supplied and pyrolysed , wherein pyrolysis coke and pyrolysis gas are formed; in a second process stage , the pyrolysis coke from the first process stage is gasified , wherein synthesis gas is formed , and slag and other residues are removed; and in a third process stage , the synthesis gas from the second process stage is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid , liquid and/or gaseous products , which are discharged; wherein the three process stages form a closed cycle , surplus gas from the third process stage is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage and/or the second process stage , and the pyrolysis gas of the first process stage is passed into the second process stage and/or the third process stage.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein hydrogen is supplied in at least one ...

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Номер записи: 75

07-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCTS AND POWER

Номер: US20160003480A1

Автор: BORUM Bryan C., CARRYER Benjamin H., ELROD Eric R., IBSEN Mark D., JIANG Weibin, MCCOMISH Bruce E., ROBERTSON Mark K., WEEKS Sim, WRIGHT Harold A.

Принадлежит:

A gasification system including a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas, and power production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both. A method for operating the system is also provided. 1. A gasification system comprising:a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide;a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas; andpower production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both.2. The system of optionally comprising conditioning apparatus configured to alter the composition of the gasification product gas claim 1 , and further comprising:(a) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; or both; and(b) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the power production apparatus; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the power production apparatus; or both.3. The system of further comprising product upgrading apparatus configured to alter the composition of at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products.4. The system of wherein the product upgrading apparatus is configured to provide at least one product selected from the group consisting of primarily naphtha products and primarily diesel ...

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Номер записи: 76

01-01-2015 дата публикации

ACID GAS MANAGEMENT IN LIQUID FUEL PRODUCTION PROCESS

Номер: US20150005398A1

Автор: CHAKRAVARTI SHRIKAR, DRNEVICH RAYMOND F., Shah Minish M.

Принадлежит:

A process and method for producing liquid fuel product from hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing streams produced by gasifying solid carbonaceous feedstock and steam reforming of light fossil fuels. The gasifier syngas is treated to preferentially remove at least 99% of sulfur containing impurities and less than 50% of the COto produce a treated gasifier syngas and a COenriched gas. The treated gasifier syngas and the light fossil fuel conversion unit product gas are combined to form a mixed syngas that is converted into a liquid fuel product. The COenriched gas is used in the gasification unit. 1. A method for liquid production , comprising:a) converting a solid carbonaceous material in a gasification unit to form a gasifier syngas;b) passing the gasifier syngas to a gas conditioning unit, and treating the gasifier syngas therein;{'sub': 2', '2, 'c) forming at least a treated gasifier syngas stream containing at least 50% of COin the gasifier syngas, a CO-enriched gas stream, and a sulfur-enriched stream;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'd) utilizing at least a portion of the CO-enriched gas stream containing at least 90% of COremoved from the gasifier syngas in the formation of the gasifier syngas;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'e) converting a light fossil fuel in a light fossil fuel conversion unit to form a H-rich syngas comprising Hand CO at a H/CO mole ratio of at least 2:1;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'f) combining treated gasifier syngas and H-rich syngas to form a mixed syngas having a H/CO ratio greater than that of treated gasifier syngas stream;'}g) converting the mixed syngas to form a liquid fuel product and a byproduct stream comprising one or more of hydrogen, CO, water vapor, methane, and hydrocarbons containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms; andh) reacting up to 100% of the byproduct stream in the light fossil fuel conversion unit to facilitate formation of the H2-rich syngas.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprises reacting 100% of the byproduct ...

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Номер записи: 77

20-01-2022 дата публикации

Process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor and process for hydrocarbon synthesis

Номер: US20220016605A1

Автор: Cornelia PIENAAR, Denzil James Moodley, Jan Mattheus Botha, Jana Heloise POTGIETER, Jean Louis GAUCHE, Jolandie Zonja DAVEL, Jurie Christiaan Wessels SWART

Принадлежит: Sasol South Africa Pty Ltd

The invention provides a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor. The process includes calcining a loaded catalyst support comprising a silica (SiO2) catalyst support supporting cobalt nitrate to convert the cobalt nitrate into cobalt oxide. The calcination includes heating the loaded catalyst support at a high heating rate, which does not fall below 10° C./minute, during at least a temperature range A. The temperature range A is from the lowest temperature at which calcination of the loaded catalyst support begins to 165° C. Gas flow is effected over the loaded catalyst support during at least the temperature range A. The catalyst precursor is reduced to obtain a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.

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Номер записи: 78

20-01-2022 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND FT PRODUCTS BY STEAM/CO2 REFORMING

Номер: US20220017826A1

Автор: Galloway Terry R.

Принадлежит: Raven SR, LLC

Process control parameters for production of hydrogen and FT products by steam/CO2 reforming include controlling steam reformer temperature, addition of steam, CO and optionally, biogas. Optimization of parameters have resulted in increased production of H, removal of sulfur and halogen contaminants, and control of the H/CO ratio for efficient generation of Fischer-Tropsch products. 1. A method of generating at least one of Hand Fischer Tropsch liquids , the method comprising:receiving feedstock into an initial reformer;reforming, in the initial reformer, at least a portion of the feedstock with steam to produce an input gas, wherein an amount of the input gas is syngas;transferring the input gas from the initial reformer to a main reformer;reforming, in the main reformer, the input gas with steam to increase the amount of syngas;transferring the syngas from the main reformer to a Fischer Tropsch module;using the syngas in a Fischer Tropsch reaction; and{'sub': '2', 'extracting from the Fischer Tropsch module HO and at least one of Fischer Tropsch liquids generated by the Fischer Tropsch reaction and H2 generated by the Fischer Tropsch reactions.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transferring CO claim 1 , H claim 1 , and COgenerated by the Fischer Tropsch reaction to the main reformer.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising transferring hydrocarbons containing at least five carbon atoms generated by the Fischer Tropsch reaction to the main reformer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein transferring the syngas from the main reformer into the Fischer Tropsch module further comprises condensing HO from the syngas prior to the syngas entering the Fischer Tropsch module.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the syngas claim 1 , when transferred into the Fischer Tropsch module claim 1 , has a H/CO ratio between 1.5 to 3.5.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the H/CO ratio is about 2.16.7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the H/CO ratio is about 2.38. The method ...

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Номер записи: 79

11-01-2018 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon Synthesis Catalyst, Its Preparation Process and Its Use

Номер: US20180008961A1

Автор: BOTHA Jan Mattheus, Cullen Adam, Meyer Rita, Taljaard Jana Heloise, Visagie Jacobus Lucas

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to catalysts, more particularly to a cobalt-containing catalyst composition. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor, a process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst, and a hydrocarbon synthesis process wherein such a catalyst is used. According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a cobalt-containing catalyst composition comprising cobalt and/or a cobalt compound supported on and/or in a catalyst support; the catalyst composition also including a titanium compound on and/or in the catalyst support, and a manganese compound on and/or in the catalyst support. 1. A cobalt-containing catalyst composition comprising cobalt and/or a cobalt compound supported on and/or in a catalyst support; the catalyst composition also including a titanium compound on and/or in the catalyst support , and a manganese compound on and/or in the catalyst support.2. The catalyst composition of wherein the catalyst composition includes a dopant capable of enhancing the reducibility of the cobalt compound.3. The catalyst composition of either one of or wherein the catalyst support is selected from the group consisting of alumina in the form of one or more aluminium oxides; silica (SiO); titania (TiO); magnesia (MgO); zinc oxide (ZnO); silicon carbide; and mixtures thereof.4. The catalyst composition of wherein the catalyst support is an alumina catalyst support or a silica (SiO) catalyst support.5. A process for preparing a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor claim 3 , the process comprising introducing a cobalt compound onto and/or into a catalyst support; prior to and/or during and/or subsequent to introducing the cobalt compound onto and/or into the catalyst support claim 3 , introducing a titanium compound onto and/or into the catalyst support; and prior to claim 3 , and/or during claim 3 , and/or subsequent to introducing the cobalt compound onto and/or into the catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 80

12-01-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Номер: US20170009160A1

Автор: Fronk Matthew H., Reich Courtney E.

Принадлежит:

A system and method of producing syngas is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that receives at least a first and second feedstock stream, such as a solid waste stream. The first and second feedstock streams are mixed and gasified to produce a first gas stream. An operating parameter is measured and a ratio of the first and second feedstock streams is changed in response to the measurement. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to a syngas comprising:a feedstock module configured to receive at least a first feedstock stream and a second feedstock stream, the second feedstock stream being different than the first feedstock stream, the feedstock module being further configured to mix the first feedstock stream and the second feedstock stream at a first ratio to produce a first refuse derived feedstock;an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to receiving the refuse derived feedstock, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen;a first sensor arranged to measure a first operating parameter; anda control system coupled for communication to the feedstock module and the sensor, the control system having a processor responsive to executable computer instructions for changing the ratio of the first mixture of the first feedstock stream to the second feedstock stream to a second ratio in response to receiving the first parameter.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first operating parameter is a temperature of the syngas entering the process module.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second feedstock stream has a higher energy content than the first feedstock stream.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the temperature is ...

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Номер записи: 81

14-01-2021 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF FLUE GAS CARBON DIOXIDE TO VALUABLE CARBONS AND HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20210008496A1

Автор: Hago Wilson

Принадлежит: Hago Energetics, Inc.

The present invention relates to the conversion of flue gas to valuable products, in particular to the conversion of carbon dioxide in flue gas to liquid fuels and valuable carbons in a carbon negative manner. 1. A process to convert flue gas to combustible fuels , using biomass and natural gas as additional inputs , comprising: a) Pyrolyzing said biomass to produce biochar and volatile gasesb) Gasifying a portion of said biochar in the presence carbon dioxide obtained from said flue gas to produce carbon monoxide and activated carbon in a first gasification system;c) Gasifying a portion of said biochar in the presence of natural gas to produce hydrogen and carbon black in a second gasification system and;d)Combining the generated carbon monoxide and hydrogen from the first and second gasification systems and inputting this combination in a hydrocarbon synthesis process to produce combustible fuels.2. A process claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein the activated carbon has a surface area greater than 300 m/g.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein some of the biochar is suitable for agricultural applications.4. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is a powder that is removed with unreacted biochar.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein activated carbon is produced with the aid of microwave energy.61. A process according to claim claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is produced with the aid of microwave energy.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the volatile gases are burned to produce energy useful for the first and second gasification systems.8. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the synthesis gas ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen is adjustable.9. A process according to claim 1 , where in the synthesis gas ratio carbon monoxide to hydrogen preferentially varies from 1.5 to 2.5.10. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon footprint is overall carbon negative.11. A process according to claim 1 , wherein flue ...

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Номер записи: 82

14-01-2021 дата публикации

A SUPPORTED COBALT-CONTAINING FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND USES THEREOF

Номер: US20210008527A1

Автор: Paterson Alexander James, Zhang Zhaorong

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst with good physical properties and high cobalt loading. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, said process comprising the steps of: (a) impregnating a support material with cobalt haydroxide nitrate, or a hydrate thereof, of formula (I) below to form an impregnated support material, [Co(OH)(NO).yHO] (I) where: 0 Подробнее

Номер записи: 83

09-01-2020 дата публикации

FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS CATALYST CONTAINING NITRIDE SUPPORT, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20200009540A1

Автор: LI Yongwang, WANG Hulin, WANG Xianzhou, XIANG Hongwei, YANG Yong, ZHANG Chenghua

Принадлежит:

Disclosed are a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, a preparation method therefor and use thereof in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. Wherein the catalyst comprises: an active component, being at least one selected from VIIIB transition metals; an optional auxiliary metal; and a nitride carrier having a high specific surface area. The catalyst is characterized in that the active metal is supported on the nitride carrier having the high specific surface, such that the active component in the catalyst is highly dispersed. The catalyst has a high hydrothermal stability, an excellent mechanical wear resistance, a high Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and an excellent high-temperature stability. 1. A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst , wherein the catalyst comprises: an active component , which is at least one selected from group VIIIB transition metals; an optional auxiliary metal; and a nitride carrier , which is boron nitride , silicon nitride or a mixture thereof having a specific surface area of not less than 80 m/g; wherein the active component and the optional auxiliary metal are supported on the carrier , and wherein a dispersity of the active component is from 115% to 75%.2. (canceled)3. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the active component is at least one selected from iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , nickel and ruthenium.4. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the boron nitride is a hexagonal boron nitride.5. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon nitride is a trigonal silicon nitride and/or a hexagonal silicon nitride.6. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of the active component:the auxiliary metal:the carrier is (0.1-300):(0.002-30):100.7. A method for preparing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a nitride carrier having a specific surface area of not less than 80 m/g; (2) supporting a precursor of active ...

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Номер записи: 84

19-01-2017 дата публикации

Mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for fischer-tropsch synthesis reactions and a preparing method thereof

Номер: US20170014808A1

Автор: Chang Il AHN, Jong Wook Bae

Принадлежит: Sungkyunkwan University Research and Business Foundation

The present invention relates to a mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and a method of preparing the same. The mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of the present invention can very stably maintain the mesoporous structure even under a H 2 -rich high-temperature reduction condition and under a reaction condition of the low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, easily transport reactants to the active site of the catalyst due to structural stability, and facilitate the release of heavier hydrocarbon products after production thereof. Additionally, unlike the conventional cobalt-based catalysts which are prepared by adding various co-catalysts for the purpose of improving reducibility, activity, selectivity and increasing thermal stability, etc., the mesoporous cobalt-metal oxide catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can constantly maintain conversion and selectivity at high levels without further requiring co-catalysts and thus it can be very effectively used for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

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Номер записи: 85

03-02-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20220033712A1

Автор: Banba Yuichiro, Fukushima Masayuki, Kato Sadahiro, MASUDA Takao, NAKAI Yukako, NAKASAKA Yuta, NISHII Mai, Sekine Kaori, YOSHIKAWA Takuya

Принадлежит: FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

An apparatus and method for producing hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons and lower olefins including propylene from CHand COthrough CO and Hwith high activity and high selectivity. The apparatus is provided with: a synthetic gas production unit to which a gas containing CHand COis supplied from a first supply unit, and which generates a synthetic gas containing CO and Hwhile heating a first catalyst structure; a production unit to which the synthetic gas is supplied and which generates hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons having 6-10 carbon atoms and lower olefins including propylene while heating a second catalyst structure; and a detection unit which detects propylene and the aromatic hydrocarbons discharged from the production unit, in which the first catalyst structure includes first supports having a porous structure and a first metal fine particle in the first supports, the first supports have a first channels, the first metal fine particle is present in the first channels, the second catalyst structure includes second supports having a porous structure and a second metal fine particle in the second supports, the second supports have a second channels, and a portion of the second channels have an average inner diameter of 0.95 nm or less. 1. An apparatus for producing hydrocarbons including lower olefins including propylene and aromatic hydrocarbons having six or more and ten or less carbon atoms , the apparatus comprising:a first supply unit that supplies a raw material gas comprising methane and carbon dioxide;a synthesis gas production unit that comprises a first catalyst structure, receives supply of the raw material gas from the first supply unit, and produces a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen from methane and carbon dioxide in the raw material gas while heating the first catalyst structure;a second supply unit that supplies the synthesis gas discharged from the synthesis gas production unit;a hydrocarbon production ...

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Номер записи: 86

19-01-2017 дата публикации

Process for converting of methane steam reforming syngas with co2

Номер: US20170015549A1

Автор: Aghaddin Kh. Mammadov, Clark David REA, Shahid Shaikh

Принадлежит: Saudi Basic Industries Corp

In an embodiment, a process of making C 2+ hydrocarbons comprises contacting a feed comprising a methane steam reforming gas and an additional carbon dioxide with a manganese oxide-copper oxide catalyst to produce a product syngas in a contacting zone under isothermal conditions at a temperature of 620 to 650° C.; and converting the product syngas to C 2+ hydrocarbons in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst; wherein the methane steam reforming gas has an initial H 2 :CO volume ratio greater than 3; wherein the product syngas has a H 2 :CO volume ratio of 1.5 to 3; and wherein the contacting further comprises removing water.

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Номер записи: 87

21-01-2016 дата публикации

Cobalt-Containing Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts, Methods of Making, and Methods of Conducting Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Номер: US20160016154A1

Автор: Jarosch Kai, Richard Laura, Robota Heinz J.

Принадлежит:

Catalyst compositions, methods of making catalysts, and methods of conducting Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactions are described. It has been discovered that a combination of large crystallite size and high porosity results in catalysts and FT catalyst systems with high stability and low methane selectivity.

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Номер записи: 88

15-01-2015 дата публикации

Catalyst activation method for fischer-tropsch synthesis

Номер: US20150018438A1

Автор: Geun Jae Kwak, Jae Hoon Jung, Joo Young CHEON, Ki Won Jun, Kyoung Su Ha, Min Hee Woo, Yun Jo Lee

Принадлежит: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology KRICT

The present invention relates to: a catalyst activation method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; a catalyst regeneration method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; and a method for producing a liquid or solid hydrocarbon by using the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. The temperatures required for a metal carbide producing and activating reaction is markedly lower than existing catalyst activation temperatures, and the catalyst can be activated under conditions that are the same as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction conditions, and thus there is no need for separate reduction equipment in the reactor, and a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst which has been used for a long time can be regenerated within the reactor without the catalyst being isolated or extracted from the reactor.

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Номер записи: 89

17-01-2019 дата публикации

Process of Removing Heat

Номер: US20190016654A1

Автор: Andre Peter Steynberg, Dennis Parker, Ivan Phillip GREAGER, Jasmeer Jaichland RAMLAL, John Dolan, Roger Allen HARRIS, Steven Claude Leviness

Принадлежит: Velocys Inc, Velocys Technologies Ltd, VENTECH ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL LLC

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

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Номер записи: 90

17-04-2014 дата публикации

RELATING TO COAL TO LIQUID PROCESSES

Номер: US20140102943A1

Автор: ANSORGE Joachim, BILTON Scott A., ROUTIER Arold Marcel Albert, Smit Cornelis Jacobus, VAN DER PLOEG Henrik Jan

Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

A method of increasing the hydrogen/carbon monoxide (H/CO) ratio in a syngas stream derived from a carbonaceous fuel including coal, brown coal, peat, and heavy residual oil fractions, preferably coal. The fuel-derived syngas stream is divided into at least two sub-streams, one of which undergoes a catalytic water shift conversion reaction. The so-obtained converted sub-stream is combined with the non-converted sub-stream(s) to form a second syngas stream with an increased H/CO ratio. The method of the present invention can provide a syngas with a H/CO ratio more suitable for efficient hydrocarbon synthesis carried out on a given catalyst, such as in one or more Fischer-Tropsch reactors, as well as being able to accommodate variation in the H/CO ratio of syngas formed from different qualities of feedstock fuels. 1. A process for the preparation of hydrogen-enriched fuel-derived syngas derived from a carbonaceous fuel , comprising:providing a fuel-derived syngas stream;dividing the fuel-derived syngas stream into at least two sub-streams;letting one of the at least two sub-streams undergo a catalytic water shift conversion reaction followed by passing the converted stream through a carbon dioxide/hydrogen sulphide removal system to obtain a converted and cleaned sub-stream;passing the other stream(s) through a carbon dioxide/hydrogen sulphide removal system to obtain a cleaned non-converted sub-stream(s);{'sub': '2', 'combining the obtained converted and cleaned sub-stream with the cleaned non-converted sub-stream(s) to form a hydrogen-enriched fuel-derived syngas stream having an increased H/CO ratio of between 1.4 and 1.95.'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the H/CO ratio in the fuel-derived syngas stream is less than 1.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the H/CO ratio in the hydrogen-enriched fuel-derived syngas stream is greater than 1.5.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the H/CO ratio in the hydrogen-enriched fuel-derived syngas stream is in the range 1.6- ...

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Номер записи: 91

17-04-2014 дата публикации

Process for the purification of an aqueous stream coming from the fischer-tropsch reaction

Номер: US20140102981A1

Автор: Lino Locatelli, Roberta Miglio

Принадлежит: Eni Spa

Process for the purification of an aqueous stream coming from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction which comprises feeding said aqueous stream to one or more pervaporation units obtaining an aqueous stream enriched in oxygenated organic compounds (retentate side) and an aqueous stream enriched in water (permeate side), feeding said aqueous stream enriched in oxygenated organic compounds to a saturator obtaining a gaseous stream leaving the saturator, feeding said gaseous stream to a synthesis gas production plant. Said process allows at least a part of the aqueous stream coming from the Fischer-Tropsch reaction to be used as process water in a synthesis gas production plant, subsequently sent to a Fischer-Tropsch plant for the production of hydrocarbons.

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Номер записи: 92

16-01-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS TO CONVERT SYNTHESIS GAS TO OLEFINS USING A BIFUNCTIONAL CHROMIUM/ZINC OXIDE-SAPO-34 CATALYST

Номер: US20200017774A1

Автор: Groenendijk Peter E., MALEK Andrzej, Nieskens Davy L.S., Sandikci Aysegul Ciftci

Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

A process for preparing Cto Colefins includes introducing a feed stream having a volumetric ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide from greater than 0.5:1 to less than 5:1 into a reactor, and contacting the feed stream with a bifunctional catalyst. The bifunctional catalyst includes a Cr/Zn oxide methanol synthesis component having a Cr to Zn molar ratio from greater than 1.0:1 to less than 2.15:1, and a SAPO-34 silicoaluminophosphate microporous crystalline material. The reactor operates at a temperature ranging from 350° C. to 450° C., and a pressure ranging from 10 bar (1.0 MPa) to 60 bar (6.0 MPa). The process has a cumulative productivity of Cto Colefins greater than 15 kg Cto Colefins/kg catalyst. 1. A process for preparing Cto Colefins , comprising:introducing a feed stream into a reactor, wherein the feed stream comprises hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas, such that a volumetric ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide ranges from greater than 0.5:1 to less than 5:1; andcontacting the feed stream with a bifunctional catalyst in the reactor, wherein the bifunctional catalyst comprises: (1) Cr/Zn oxide methanol synthesis component having a Cr to Zn molar ratio from greater than 1.0:1 to less than 2.15:1, and (2) a SAPO-34 silicoaluminophosphate microporous crystalline material, (a) a reactor temperature ranging from 350° C. to 450° C.; and', '(b) a pressure ranging from 10 bar (1.0 MPa) to 60 bar (6.0 MPa), and, 'wherein the reactor operates at reaction conditions comprising{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '3, 'wherein the process has a cumulative productivity of Cto Colefins greater than 15 kg Cto Colefins/kg catalyst.'}2. The process for preparing Cto Colefins according to claim 1 , wherein the Cr to Zn molar ratio is at least 1.1:1.3. The process for preparing Cto Colefins according to claim 1 , wherein the Cr to Zn molar ratio is at least 1.5:1.4. The process for preparing Cto Colefins according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction conditions comprises a pressure greater ...

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Номер записи: 93

22-01-2015 дата публикации

Blends of synthetic diesel fuel and petroleum diesel fuel with improved performance characteristics

Номер: US20150021231A1

Автор: Schuetzle Dennis, Schuetzle Robert

Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a blended fuel and methods for producing the blended fuel, wherein a synthetic fuel derived from a alternative resources such as natural gas, associated gas, biomass, or other feedstocks is blended with a traditional, petroleum derived fuel. A blended fuel which includes greater than 5% by volume of the synthetic fuel has an overall improved lifecycle greenhouse gas content of about 2.5% or more compared to the petroleum derived fuel. Also, blending of the low carbon fuel to the traditional, petroleum fuel improves various performance characteristics of the traditional fuel by at least 5%. 1. A blended fuel comprising:(a) about 5% to about 95%, by volume, of a petroleum fuel; and(b) about 95% to about 5%, by volume, of a synthetic fuel produced from a natural gas feedstock, using a thermochemical or biochemical conversion process:wherein the synthetic fuel has a well-to-wheels greenhouse gas content which is at least about 20% lower than a well-to-wheels greenhouse gas content of the petroleum fuel, and the synthetic fuel has at least two performance characteristic values measurable by ASTM tests which are at least about 40% improved than corresponding performance characteristic values of the petroleum fuel; andwherein the blended fuel has a well-to-wheels greenhouse gas content which is at least 1% lower than the well-to-wheels greenhouse gas content of the petroleum fuel, and the blended fuel has at least two performance characteristic values measurable by ASTM tests which are at least about 2% improved than corresponding performance characteristic values of the petroleum fuel.2. The blended fuel of claim 1 , wherein the blended fuel is produced by a process comprising converting a natural gas feedstock into a syngas andreacting the syngas with a catalyst to produce the synthetic fuel.3. The blended fuel of claim 1 , wherein the performance characteristic values are any one of a cetane number claim 1 , a lubricity value claim 1 , a ...

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Номер записи: 94

28-01-2016 дата публикации

Chemical method catalysed by ferromagnetic nanoparticles

Номер: US20160023201A1

Автор: Anca MEFFRE, Boubker MEHDAOUI, Bruno Chaudret, Julian Carrey, Marc RESPAUD, Pier Francesco FAZZINI, Sebastien LACHAIZE, Vinciane Kelsen

Принадлежит: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS, Institut National Des Sciences Appliquees De Toulouse, UNIVERSITE PAUL SABATIER TOULOUSE III

A method for the heterogeneous catalysis of a chemical reaction using, in a reactor, at least one reagent and a catalytic composition that can catalyze the reaction within a given range of temperatures T. At least one reagent is brought into contact with the catalytic composition which includes a ferromagnetic nanoparticulate component whose surface is formed at least partially by a compound that is a catalyst for the reaction; the nanoparticulate component is heated by magnetic induction in order to reach a temperature within the range of temperatures T; and the reaction product(s) formed on the surface of the nanoparticulate component are recovered. A catalytic composition includes a ferromagnetic nanoparticulate component that can be heated by magnetic induction to the reaction temperature, whose surface thereof is at least partially formed by a catalyst compound for the reaction. The catalyst is heated by the effect of the magnetic field.

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Номер записи: 95

26-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20170022056A1

Автор: Christensen Thomas Sandahl, Elholm Pia

Принадлежит: Haldor Topsoe A/S

Process for the production of synthesis gas from hydrocarbon feed containing higher hydrocarbons comprising by-passing a portion of the hydrocarbon feed around a first pre-reforming stage and passing the pre-reformed and bypassed portions through at least a second pre-reforming stage. 1. Process for the production of a synthesis gas for use in the production of chemical compounds from a hydrocarbon feedstock containing higher hydrocarbons comprising the steps of:(a) splitting the hydrocarbon feedstock into at least two streams, the first stream in the form of a major hydrocarbon feedstock stream and the second stream in the form of a by-pass hydrocarbon feedstock stream;(b) adding steam to the major hydrocarbon feedstock stream and pre-reforming this stream to a pre-reformed gas containing methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and higher hydrocarbons;(c) combining the bypassed hydrocarbon feedstock stream of step (a) with the pre-reformed gas of step (b) and pre-reforming the thus combined gas to a pre-reformed gas containing methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;(d) reforming in a reforming stage the pre-reformed gas of step (c) into a synthesis gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.2. Process according to further comprising the step of a hydrodesulfurization stage removing sulphur compounds in the hydrocarbon feedstock prior to splitting in step (a).3. Process according to further comprising prior to the pre-refoiming stage of step (b) or (c) the step of: a hydrodesulfurization stage removing sulphur compounds in the major hydrocarbon feed stock stream claim 1 , or the by-pass hydrocarbon feedstock stream claim 1 , or both.4. Process according to in which the pre-reforming stage of step (b) is operated at a steam-to-carbon ratio in the range 0.60-1.30 calculated as steam-to-carbon ratio claim 1 , while the pre-reforming stage of step (c) is operated at a lower steam-to-carbon ratio and which is in the range 0.30-0 ...

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Номер записи: 96

26-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR GENERATING SYNGAS FROM A CO2-RICH HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING FEED GAS

Номер: US20170022057A1

Автор: Guzmann Marcus, Heucke Ulrich, Mabrouk Rachid, Ranke Harald

Принадлежит:

A process for generating a syngas from a CO-rich and hydrocarbon-containing feed gas, wherein a CO-rich and hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is provided and is reacted in a syngas generation step by means of partial oxidation or steam reforming to give an H- and CO-comprising syngas. At least COis removed from the feed gas in a scrubbing of the feed gas by means of a scrubbing medium, before the feed gas is fed to the syngas generation step. 1. Process for generating a syngas from a CO2-rich and hydrocarbon-containing feed gas , wherein a CO2-rich and hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is provided and is reacted in a syngas generation step by means of partial oxidation or steam reforming to give an H2- and CO-comprising syngas ,characterized in that at least CO2 is removed from the feed gas in a scrubbing of the feed gas by means of a scrubbing medium, before the feed gas is fed to the syngas generation step, wherein, during the scrubbing, a CO2-rich stream is generated that has a pressure in the range from 20 bar to 100 bar, and wherein the CO2-rich stream is used as feed for a synthesis or to support the extraction of oil, wherein the CO2-rich stream is injected into an oil deposit in order to increase the pressure in the oil deposit.2. Process according claim 1 , characterized in that the feed gas is conducted downstream of the scrubbing through an adsorber unit claim 1 , wherein one or more sulfur compounds that are still present in the feed gas are adsorbed in the adsorber unit and in this case removed from the feed gas.3. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the syngas that is generated is divided into first and second syngas substreams claim 1 , wherein the first syngas substream is used as feed for a synthesis claim 1 , and wherein the second syngas substream is subjected to a water-gas shift reaction claim 1 , wherein CO of the second syngas substream is reacted with H2O to form H2 and CO2 in order to reduce the CO content in the second syngas ...

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Номер записи: 97

26-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THE GENERATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20170022058A1

Автор: Göke Volker, Kandziora Christine, Ranke Harald, Seliger Andreas

Принадлежит:

A process and system for the generation of synthesis gas that is provided, in particular, for preparing hydrocarbon-containing fuel, ammonia or urea. The process follows the steps of providing a first feed gas stream of methane and reacting the first feed gas stream with steam in a reforming step, obtaining a synthesis gas stream of CO and H. It is further provided that at least one first substream is separated off from the feed gas stream before the reforming step, the first substream is then burnt with a second feed gas stream of at least 95% by volume oxygen to give an exhaust gas stream comprising COand water, and at least one part of the exhaust gas stream is recirculated to the feed gas stream after the first substream is separated off. 2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the heat arising in the combustion of the first substream is transferred to the reforming step.3. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that another part of the exhaust gas stream is recirculated to the first substream.4. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the second feed gas stream is provided by the gas separation of air claim 1 , wherein a third feed gas stream substantially comprising nitrogen is additionally provided by the gas separation.5. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the synthesis gas stream comprising CO and His cooled claim 1 , with generation of steam.6. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least one second substream is separated off from the synthesis gas stream comprising CO and H claim 1 , which at least one second substream is reacted in a watergas-shift reaction step to give a crude hydrogen stream claim 1 , wherein CO and water are reacted to give COand H.7. The process according to claim 6 , characterized in that a first tail gas stream which comprises CO claim 6 , and H claim 6 , unreacted CO and/or unreacted methane claim 6 , is separated off from the crude ...

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Номер записи: 98

28-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20160024391A1

Автор: ALKILDE Ole Frej, Christensen Thomas Sandahl

Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons by the use of light-end fractions from downstream synthesis in the reforming section of the plant. 1. Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising:(a) combining a light-end fraction stream from the upgrading stage of step (g) with a stream of natural gas to form said hydrocarbon feedstock;(b) passing said hydrocarbon feedstock through a hydrogenation stage to form a hydrogenated feedstock;(c) passing the hydrogenated feedstock through a desulfurization stage to form a desulfurized feedstock;(d) passing the desulfurized feedstock through a pre-reforming stage under the addition of steam to form a pre-reformed gas;(e) passing the pre-reformed gas through an autothermal reformer (ATR) or Catalytic Partial Oxidation unit (CPO) under the addition of an oxidant gas to form a synthesis gas;(f) passing the synthesis gas through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis stage to form a tail gas stream and a raw product stream of hydrocarbons;(g) passing the raw product stream of hydrocarbons through an upgrading stage to form a final product stream of liquid hydrocarbons and a light-end fraction stream, in which the light-end fraction stream comprises a C1-C6 fraction and C6+ fraction containing paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons, but no naphtha.2. Process according to in which the upgrading stage (g) comprises hydrocracking but no hydrotreating.3. Process according to in which the light-end fraction stream is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) constituted by a C2-C6 fraction.4. Process according to in which the hydrogenation of step (b) is conducted under the addition of hydrogen to the hydrocarbon feedstock.5. Process according to in which the pre-reforming stage is conducted adiabatically in a fixed bed of nickel catalyst.6. Process according to in which the ATR or CPO stage is conducted in a fixed bed of nickel catalyst in which the active component is not solely a ...

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Номер записи: 99

28-01-2016 дата публикации

Production of Xylenes From Syngas

Номер: US20160024392A1

Автор: Henao Juan D., Keusenkothen Paul F.

Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to the production of xylenes from syngas, in which the syngas is converted to an aromatic product by reaction with an isosynthesis catalyst and an aromatization catalyst. The isosynthesis catalyst and aromatization catalyst may be different catalysts or combined into a single catalyst. The aromatic product is then subjected to one of more of (i) xylene isomerization, (ii) transalkylation with at least one C+aromatic hydrocarbon, and (iii) alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen to increase its p-xylene content. 1. A process for producing xylenes , the process comprising:(a) providing a feed comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in which the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is from 0.5 to 6;(b) contacting the feed with (i) a first catalyst comprising at least one metal or compound containing a metal selected from the group consisting of Ce, Zn, Zr, and Th, and (ii) a second catalyst, which may be the same as or different than the first catalyst, comprising at least one medium pore size molecular sieve under conditions including a temperature of at least 350° C. and a pressure of at least 1500 kPa (absolute) effective to produce a reaction effluent containing benzene, toluene, and xylenes; and{'sub': '9', '(c) subjecting at least part of the reaction effluent to at least one of (i) contacting with a xylene isomerization catalyst, (ii) transalkylation with at least one C+ aromatic hydrocarbon, and (iii) alkylation with methanol and/or carbon monoxide and hydrogen under conditions to produce p-xylene.'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed further comprises methane.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst comprises CeZrO.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second catalyst comprises at least one molecular sieve having a Constraint Index of 1-12.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the at least one molecular sieve of the second catalyst comprises ZSM-5.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 100