Gasification of bio-oil and alkali containing energy rich aqueous solutions from pulp mills

Process for gasification of an alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) from a pulp mill in an entrained flow gasification reactor ( 2 ), the process comprising the steps of d) Supplying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) to said gasification reactor ( 2 ), e) Gasifying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) in the reactor ( 2 ) by using an oxidizing medium at sub-stoichiometric conditions and at a temperature below 1400 C in an outlet of said reactor ( 2 ); and, f) Producing a phase of a liquid material and a phase of a gaseous material in said reactor ( 2 ). wherein in step (a) supplying a bio-oil ( 110 ) to said gasification reactor ( 2 ), in step (b) simultaneously gasifying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) and said bio-oil ( 110 ) in the reactor ( 2 ).

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHANOL

A process for preparing methanol by a methanol synthesis reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen may involve a distillation step and a condensation step following the synthesis of a crude methanol. A volatile component and water may be separated off from a methanol-containing product stream, and a gas stream containing a volatile component that has been separated off may be discharged at least partially as offgas. At least part of the gas stream that has been separated off may be recirculated into the methanol synthesis reaction. A plant for preparing methanol can store or utilize electric power generated from renewable energy sources and provide facilities for discharging the offgas stream, which can be purified by catalytic after-combustion. Alternatively, the plant can be configured without discharge of an offgas substream, or the offgas streams are so small that they can be released without treatment into the environment at a suitable position. 135.-. (canceled)36. A process for preparing methanol by reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen , the process comprising:feeding a product stream obtained in a methanol synthesis reaction to at least one of a high-pressure separator or a low-pressure separator where a gas stream is separated off from a methanol-containing product stream;feeding the methanol-containing product stream, after the gas stream is separated off, to a distillation step where water is separated off from the methanol-containing product stream; andrecirculating volatile components that have been separated off in the distillation step at least partly into a mixing and compression section located upstream of the methanol synthesis reaction.37. The process of comprising at least one ofat least partially discharging a gas stream that contains at least one of the volatile components as offgas, orrecirculating at least part of the gas stream that contains the at least one of the volatile components to the methanol synthesis reaction.38. The process of ...

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion - carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels - for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compoundswhen carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolyzing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolyzing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion—carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels—for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Pyrolysis apparatus using molten metal

PURPOSE: A pyrolysis device using liquid metal is provided to easily remove a char by selectively performing the char and oxidation and reduction of liquid metal because a temperature condition is properly controlled by controlling an air volume. CONSTITUTION: A pyrolysis device(100) using liquid metal comprises a hollow reactor(10), a circulating pump(20), a buffer tank(30), a plurality of nozzles(31), and an air supply source(40). The hollow reactor accommodate liquid metal(11). The circulating pump is connected to the reactor. The buffer tank receives the liquid metal from the circulating pump. The nozzles are joined to the buffer tank and spray the liquid metal of the buffer tank to inside of the reactor. The air supply source supplies air to the liquid metal of the reactor. A char generated from fuel of the reactor and liquid metal are reacted with air has flown in to the lower part of the reactor and burned.

Systems, methods and compositions for producing synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing hydrocarbon compounds, which is characterised by that it includes the following: a) feeding water vapour with external supply of hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas into a first reverse conversion reactor, where the molar ratio of hydrogen gas to carbon dioxide gas is greater than one, in order to produce a first stream of synthetic gas which contains a mixture of at least carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas, water vapour and residual carbon dioxide gas; b) production of a second stream of synthetic gas from the first stream of synthetic gas through condensation and removal of at least a portion of water vapour from the first stream of synthetic gas; c) feeding the second stream of synthetic gas into a second water vapour reverse conversion reactor to produce a third stream of synthetic gas which contains a mixture of at least carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas, water vapour and residual carbon dioxide; d) production of a fourth stream of synthetic gas from a third stream of synthetic gas through condensation and removal of at least a portion of water vapour from the third stream of synthetic gas; and e) preparation of a mixture of at least hydrocarbon compounds from at least carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas from the fourth stream of synthetic gas. The invention also relates to a system for realising the said method. ^ EFFECT: use of the invention reduces power consumption on producing hydrocarbons from synthetic gas. ^ 20 cl, 1 tbl, 32 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 394 871 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10G 2/00 (2006.01) C01B 3/06 (2006.01) C07C 1/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007138221/04, 16.03.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 16.03.2006 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ФЬЮЭЛКОР ЭлЭлСи (US) R U (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 16.03.2005 US 60/661,923 06. ...

The preparation process of synthetic gas from carbondioxide

Synthetic gas is prepared by continuously reacting carbon dioxide with low grade hydrocarbon or natural gas containing methane and oxygen or steam in a mole ratio of 2:1-5:1 in the presence of a catalyst that comprises nickel, alkali and alkali earth metals supported on silicone such as zeolite, silica, silicate or silica-alumina at 600-1,000deg.C and 0.5-20 atms and a space velocity of 1,000-500,000. The ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen in the synthetic gas is 1:2-2:1.

Plant of complex waste-free preparation of gas

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: plant includes a plant for complex preparation of gas, units for production of synthesis gas and synthesis of methanol, preparation of water and methanation. During plant operation, flare gas supplied from complex gas preparation unit is mixed with deionized water coming from water preparation unit which is supplied with balanced amount of water and the aqueous condensate from synthesis gas production block and methanol synthesis. Deionization can be supplied directly from water preparation unit to synthesis gas production unit and methanol synthesis, where deizate and flare gas are heated, converted together into synthesis gas which is dried and converted into catalyst, from which methanol is recovered and supplied to complex gas preparation plant, and exhaust gas is fed to complex gas preparation plant after methanation of carbon oxides. EFFECT: increase yield of commercial gas, elimination of flare gas combustion, use of methanol from the outside. 2 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 635 147 C1 (51) МПК C10J 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ На основании пункта 1 статьи 1366 части четвертой Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации патентообладатель обязуется заключить договор об отчуждении патента на условиях, соответствующих установившейся практике, с любым гражданином Российской Федерации или российским юридическим лицом, кто первым изъявил такое желание и уведомил об этом патентообладателя и федеральный орган исполнительной власти по интеллектуальной собственности. (21)(22) Заявка: 2017107608, 07.03.2017 07.03.2017 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Курочкин Андрей Владиславович (RU) Дата регистрации: 09.11.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 07.03.2017 2564255 C1, 27.09.2015. RU 123347 U1, 27.12.2012. RU 2254322 C1, 20.06.2005. RU 2503651 C1, 10.01.2014. (45) Опубликовано: 09.11.2017 Бюл. № 31 2 6 3 5 1 4 7 R U (54) УСТАНОВКА ...

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Lithographic apparatus

A humidifying apparatus is disclosed in which gas is provided to a first side of a membrane and liquid to a second side of the same membrane. The membrane is non-porous to the liquid but porous to vapor of the liquid and is liquidphilic to said liquid.

Apparatus and process for synthesizing syn gas

Subterranean gasification system and method

A system and method for gasification of a feedstock in a subterranean formation to produce syngas is described. An injection well is completed in the formation to inject an oxidant, provide an ignition source and convey the feedstock that includes water and one or more of a biomass, waste plastic, coal, bitumen and petcoke. Volatized hydrocarbons and gaseous reaction products are simultaneously withdrawn from a producer well from the subterranean formation to the surface. This syngas product is treated at the surface for power generation or conversion to transportation fuels and/or plastics. This method provides a low capital cost gasification unit which is capable of processing a variety of feedstock mixtures.

Gas plant

Improvement in generating gas from hydrocarbon liquids

Process for Producing Furnace Atmospheres by Deoxygenating Noncryogenically Generated Nitrogen with Dissociated Ammonia

A process for producing low-cost furnace atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing from 0.05 to 5.0% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves 1) mixing non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a pre-determined amount of dissociated ammonia, 2) passing the mixture through a low-pressure drop catalytic reactor, 3) converting the residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture and reducing the residual oxygen level to below about 10 ppm, and 4) using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders. The key feature of the disclosed process involves the use of a novel low-pressure drop catalytic reactor for converting residual oxygen with dissociated ammonia to moisture.

Apparatus for the production of a combustible gas

PROCESS FOR TREATING STEEL GASES

Device device for the production of lighting, heating and motive power by asterogas

Carburation apparatus

Apparatus for the production of gas, cold, liquids

Carburetor device

Carburetor device for the production of gas for lighting or heating

Improvements in fuel air production devices

Gasifier for all uses

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Apparatus for the production of gas to air

Double carburetor

PROCESS FOR TREATING STEEL GASES

Les gaz sidérurgiques (gaz de haut-fourneaux, gaz de fours à coke, gaz de convertisseurs.. ) sont brûlés, éventuellement avec appoint de gaz naturel (12) et d'air (13), dans une section de post-combustion (6) entre la sortie d'une turbine à gaz (1) entraînant une génération et l'entrée d'une chaudière de récupération (7), dont la vapeur est valorisée pour produire notamment de l'énergie électrique.Application à la combustion de gaz résiduaires sidérurgiques et à la production d'énergie. The steel gases (blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, converter gas, etc.) are burned, possibly with the addition of natural gas (12) and air (13), in an after-combustion section ( 6) between the outlet of a gas turbine (1) causing generation and the inlet of a recovery boiler (7), the vapor of which is used to produce electrical energy in particular. steel waste gases and energy production.

Advanced device for the production of air gas

Automatic hydrocarbon gas generator

Gasoline gasifier

Device for the production of gas by means of liquid hydrocarbons and air

Carburetor improvements

Device for the production of combustible gases

Gasifier

Carburetor device

Apparatus for the production of lighting gas or other similar gas by means of benzine

Apparatus for the production of gas by petroleum gasoline

Method and apparatus for manufacturing gas in air

Improvements in Carburetting Machines.

5009. Brown, E. S. Feb. 28. Bucket-elevator apparatus. - In a carburetting-plant, petrol is supplied to the carburettor by a pivoted bucket e' reciprocated in a column e to which petrol is supplied from a tank. When the bucket e<1> reaches the top of the column e, its contents are emptied down a pipe e<6>. The capacity of the bucket e<1> is variable by means of an adjustable nut.

Systems, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

一种用于生产烃化合物或燃料的方法及系统，所述方法及系统再循环烃化合物燃烧的产物—二氧化碳或一氧化碳、或两者和水。用于再循环的能量是电，其优选地来自非化石基燃料，比如来自核燃料或来自可再生能。所述方法包括下述步骤：电解水，然后使用氢将外部供应的二氧化碳还原成一氧化碳，随后在费-托反应器中与任何外部供应的一氧化碳及氢一起使用如此产生的一氧化碳，以在上游提质处理至期望规格的燃料—例如汽油、喷气燃料、煤油、柴油燃料及其它。在这些方法的某些过程中所释放的能量为其它方法所使用。使用绝热温度变化和等温压力变化来进行气体处理和分离，并使用配电管线和热量分配管线将大量所需能量进行内部再循环。将工作流体的相变用于热量分配管线以提高能量效率。在本发明中，当二氧化碳转化成一氧化碳时，最终使用的电能低于如此产生的烃化合物燃烧的高热值的量的1.4倍，并且当使用一氧化碳作为能源时最终使用的电能低于如此产生的烃化合物燃烧的高热值的量的0.84倍。

Dry reforming catalyst using metal oxide support, and method for preparing synthetic gas by using same

The present invention relates to a dry reforming catalyst in which an active material is impregnated on the surface of a metal oxide support and the active material is surrounded by a surfactant, a method of preparing the same, and a method of producing a synthetic gas using the catalyst. Since the surfactant on the surface of the active material prevents the active material from being sintered and the active material surface from being covered with carbon, the dry reforming catalyst exhibits high activity at high temperature for a long period of time without having to use a precious metal, and thus is useful for the production of a synthetic gas.

Method and system for producing methanol

本発明は、水素との二酸化炭素の反応によりメタノールを製造する方法に関し、該方法では、少なくとも１つの蒸留ステップ（３０）および少なくとも１つの凝縮ステップが未加工のメタノールの合成に伴い、少なくとも１つの揮発性成分および水がメタノール含有プロダクトフローから分離され、少なくとも１つの分離された揮発性成分を含有するガスフローが排気ガスとして完全にまたは部分的にのみシステムから除去され、かつ／または、このガスフローまたはこの分離されたガスフローの一部が戻されてメタノール合成反応（２２）に供給される。本発明はまた、メタノールを製造するためのシステムにも関し、該システムは、例えば、再生可能エネルギーから得られる電流を貯蔵または使用するために機能することができ、かつ、触媒による事後燃焼によって清浄化できる、システムからの排気ガスフローを除去するためのデバイスを提供してもよい。あるいは、システムはまた、排気ガスサブフローの除去なしに想定することができ、または、排気ガスフローが非常に小さいため、直接的かつ処理することなく、好適な位置において大気中に放出することができる。【選択図】図３

Vaporizer

Fixed gas carburettor

Bitumen-mineral gas

An improved process and apparatus for producing a combustible gas from volatile liquid fuels, particularly gasoline

831,280. Gas manufacture. CORREA, E. Nov. 21, 1956, No. 35551/56. Class 55 (2). Air is carburetted with a liquid hydrocarbon and is supplied directly to combustion apparatus by means of a compressor which during the suction stroke, draws in a mixture of air and the liquid fuel, the latter being vaporized by the heat of compression during the compression stroke, the mixture being vented towards the end of the compression stroke, through a water seal, to the place of use. As shown, the liquid fuel is drawn by suction from a valved pipe 9 into a chamber 10 where it is atomized and mixed with the air drawn in by the suction and with supplementary air regulated by a valve 25. The valve 12 is opened towards the end of the compression stroke either mechanically or by the yielding of a loading-spring, and the mixture passes through the pipe 16, past a spring loaded valve 17, through the water seal to the burner 20. Variations in the rate of use of the gaseous mixture result in variations in the pressure above the level of the water in the seal, which produces through the pipe 23, corresponding variations in the water level in the float chamber 21. The float 22 thus regulates the speed of the motor 1 and the compressor according to the demand for gas.

Gasification system and method using fuel injectors

챔버 주위에 배치되는 인클로저를 갖는 기화기를 포함하는 시스템이 제공되며, 인클로저는 상부벽, 바닥벽 및 상기 상부벽과 바닥벽 사이에 있는 측벽을 포함한다. 기화기는 또한 바닥벽에 배치되는 출구, 상부벽에 배치되는 제 1 분사기, 측벽에 배치되는 제 2 분사기를 포함하며, 제 1 및 제 2 분사기는 연료, 산소 또는 이들의 조합물을 챔버 내로 분사하도록 되어 있다. There is provided a system comprising a vaporizer having an enclosure disposed about a chamber, the enclosure including a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall between the top wall and the bottom wall. The vaporizer also includes an outlet disposed in the bottom wall, a first injector disposed in the top wall, and a second injector disposed in the sidewall, wherein the first and second injectors inject fuel, oxygen, or a combination thereof into the chamber .

Method and system for preparing methanol

本发明涉及用于通过使二氧化碳与氢气反应来制备甲醇的方法，其中至少一个蒸馏步骤(30)和至少一个冷凝步骤在合成粗甲醇之后进行，其中从含甲醇的产物流中分离去至少一种挥发性组分和水，其中将包含至少一种经分离的挥发性组分的气体流作为废气从系统中完全或仅部分地移除，和/或将该气体流或该经分离的气体流的一部分供给回甲醇合成反应(22)中。本发明还涉及用于制备甲醇的系统，其可以用于例如储存或使用从可再生能源获得的电流，并且其任选地提供用于从系统中移除废气流(其可以通过催化后燃烧来净化)的装置。或者，系统还可以构思成不移除废气子流或者废气流非常小使得其可以在不处理的情况下直接释放到合适位置的大气中。

Advanced device for the production of air gas

Subterranean gasification system and method

A system and method for gasification of a feedstock in a subterranean formation to produce syngas is described. An injection well is completed in the formation to inject an oxidant, provide an ignition source and convey the feedstock that includes water and one or more of a biomass, waste plastic, coal, bitumen and petcoke. Volatized hydrocarbons and gaseous reaction products are simultaneously withdrawn from a producer well from the subterranean formation to the surface. This syngas product is treated at the surface for power generation or conversion to transportation fuels and/or plastics. This method provides a low capital cost gasification unit which is capable of processing a variety of feedstock mixtures.

Apparatus for the production of gas with liquid hydrocarbons

Improvements in and connected with Carburetters.

23,201. Smith, N., and Smith, K. Oct. 20. Carburetting.-In a carburettor of the kind in which hydrocarbon flows successively over a series of plates formed by bending a metal sheet into zigzag or curved form, the plates are arranged so that anti-freezing liquid has access to the reverse side of each plate and so that the inclination of successive plates decreases towards the gas outlet. In the form shown, hydrocarbon is distributed from a perforated transverse gutter 5 to the upper surface of the uppermost of the plates 1, which may be roughened, and passes round a smooth portion 3 to the undersurface of the plate 1<a> and so on through the series; or the hydrocarbon may drip directly from the pipe 4 on to the plate 1 which is in such case provided with a V-shaped perforated wall. Air is admitted at 7 and, by means of baffle plates 9, is passed in contact with all the plates, the carburetted air passing out at 12. The trough 5 is screened from the air by a plate 8. The plates are mounted in a casing containing anti-freezing liquid 10, 10<a>. In a modification, the pairs of plates may be semielliptical, and a propeller may be provided for the circulation of the anti-freezing liquid.

Method and apparatus for the production of hydrocarbon gases

Condensation reduction in fluid mixing

Method and apparatus are disclosed for mixing fluid streams of different compositions (19) (22) to minimize fluid condensation inside a mixing vessel (10) where the objective is to produce an all-vapor mixture product (34).</S DOAB>

Process and apparatus for the production of lighting, heating and motive power by means of heavy benzols

A method of processing lignocellulosic biomass

Highly reactive gas production at low pressure and temperature for diverse surface treatments or chemical reactions

A gas, optionally comprising a mixture of gases, is prepared for heat treatment in this new conversion process. It is introduced into a gas activator, which has at least two electrodes (1, 3). These are insulated from each other and between them, a barrier discharge is established. Also claimed is the corresponding activator equipment.

Improvements in or relating to the Production of Air Gas.

24,991. Boulton & Paul, and Egerton, H. W. Oct. 27. Carburetting; testing gases. - In an air-gas plant, the extent of the surface of hydrocarbon on which the air impinges in the carburettor is varied by means of an adjustable baffle or covering-member. In the apparatus shown, air from a blower d is passed round the jacket of the hot-air engine d<4> and enters an air-holder a through holes a<5> in a pipe a<4> on which the holder slides. The rise of the holder a opens an outlet for the air through ports a<6>, b<1>, and at the same time controls the supply of gas to the burner of the engine d. The air passes to the surface of the liquid in the carburettor a through perforations c<2> in the underside of a distributor c<1>, which may be provided also with passages c<3> for the carburetted air. The effective area of the liquid is adjusted by means of a fan-like shutter n<1> operated by means of a hand-wheel d<3>, and the necessity for adjustment may be indicated by the length and luminosity of a flame of the gas. The gas passes out through a pipe c, which may be provided with a valve c<6>. In a modification, the carburettor is provided with a sump through which the shutter-operating member passes, and rise of the air-holder opens a valve in the air-supply pipe.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

System, methods, and compositions for production of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds

A process and system for producing hydrocarbon compounds or fuels that recycle products of hydrocarbon compound combustion - carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, or both, and water. The energy for recycling is electricity derived from preferably not fossil based fuels, like from nuclear fuels or from renewable energy. The process comprises electrolysing water, and then using hydrogen to reduce externally supplied carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, then using so produced carbon monoxide together with any externally supplied carbon monoxide and hydrogen in Fischer-Tropsch reactors, with upstream upgrading to desired specification fuels - for example, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and others. Energy released in some of these processes is used by other processes. Using adiabatic temperature changes and isothermal pressure changes for gas processing and separation, large amounts of required energy are internally recycled using electric and heat distribution lines. Phase conversion of working fluid is used in heat distribution lines for increased energy efficiency. The resulting use of electric energy is less than 1.4 times the amount of the high heating value of combustion of so produced hydrocarbon compounds when carbon dioxide is converted to carbon monoxide in the invention, and less than 0.84 when carbon monoxide is the source.

Apparatus for fueling air with liquid hydrocarbons

Process for the production of a gas suitable for the synthesis of ammonia

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A solid fuel, preferably crude lignite, is comminuted to a particle size of less than 6 millimeters and then gasified togeth-er with the inherent water content thereof at temperatures of up to 1150°C. The crude gas thus obtained is washed and simultaneous-ly cooled to temperatures below the water dew point. Subsequently, the crude gas is desulfurized. According to one embodiment of the invention, the crude gas is next subjected to a carbon dioxide scrub. The thus-purified gas is then subjected to low-temperature dissoci-ation and a hydrogen-rich gaseous fraction is recovered. A portion of the hydrogen-rich fraction is combusted in the presence of such a quantity of air that the nitrogen present is sufficient to con-stitute the required proportion of nitrogen in the final ammonia synthesis gas. The combustion products are cooled to condense the water vapor and the resulting nitrogen-rich gas is then combined with the remainder of the hydrogen-rich fraction to produce a gas which is suitable for the synthesis of ammonia. According to an-other embodiment of the invention, a first portion of the desulfur-ized crude gas is subjected to the carbon dioxide scrub and the low-temperature dissociation described above so as to yield a hydrogen-rich gaseous fraction. A second portion of the desulfur-ized gas is combusted in the presence of such a quantity of air that the nitrogen present is sufficient to constitute the required proportion of nitrogen in the final ammonia synthesis gas. The combustion products are then cooled as above and the resulting nitrogen-rich gas is combined with the hydrogen-rich fraction de-rived from the first portion of the crude gas to produce a gas which is suitable for the synthesis of ammonia.

Fuel gas producing device

Improvements in or relating to Carburetters.

14,745. Snell, E. Scott-, Blatchley, C. P., and County Light, Ltd. June 24. Carburetting.-In a carburettor, air displaces a body of petrol upwards into an evaporating- chamber, the area of surface wetted by the petrol being dependent on the quantity of petrol displaced by the air. Air admitted through a pipe B bubbles through water in an annulus b<1> and passes through a pipe b<1> to the carburettor c to which petrol is delivered through a pipe C. The carburettor c is placed in the water of the gas-holder A and comprises a trough c' arranged to retain a petrol seal p and a narrow opentopped chamber c<3> which may be provided internally with fins or the like. The air blows the petrol up the walls of the chamber c<3>, and the gas passes into the holder A which it leaves through a pipe E. The trough c' communicates with an overflow d' having a vent d<2>.

Process and plant for the production of alcohols or hydrocarbons

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methanol oder Methan durch Umsetzung von Kohlendioxid mit Wasserstoff, wobei mindestens ein Destillationsschritt (30) und/oder mindestens ein Kondensationsschritt im Anschluss an die Synthese eines Rohmethanols oder Rohmethans vorgesehen ist, in dem mindestens eine leichtflüchtige Komponente und/oder Wasser von einem Methanol- oder Methan-haltigen Produktstrom abgetrennt wird, wobei ein mindestens eine abgetrennte leichtflüchtige Komponente enthaltender Gasstrom als Abgas vollständig oder nur teilweise aus dem System abgeführt wird und/oder dieser Gasstrom oder ein Teil dieses abgetrennten Gasstroms wieder in die Methanol- oder Methansynthesereaktion (22) zurückgeführt wird. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Anlage zur Herstellung von Methanol oder Methan, welche zum Beispiel der Speicherung oder Nutzung von aus regenerativen Energien gewonnenem elektrischem Strom dienen kann und welche gegebenenfalls Einrichtungen zur Abführung eines Abgasstroms aus dem System vorsieht, der durch katalytische Nachverbrennung gereinigt werden kann. Die Anlage kann aber alternativ auch ohne Abführung eines Abgasteilstroms konzipiert sein, oder die Abgasströme sind so gering, dass diese direkt ohne Aufbereitung an die Umgebung an einer geeigneten Position abgegeben werden können. The present invention relates to a process for the production of methanol or methane by reacting carbon dioxide with hydrogen, wherein at least one distillation step (30) and / or at least one condensation step is provided following the synthesis of a crude methanol or raw methane in which at least one volatile component and / or water is separated from a methanol or methane-containing product stream, wherein a at least one separated volatile component gas stream as exhaust gas is completely or only partially discharged from the system and / or this gas stream or a portion of this separated gas stream back into the Methanol or methane ...

Method and apparatus for odorizing liquefied gas

Vaporizing process.

Improvements in Carburetting Devices for Air Gas Apparatus.

1455. Still & Sons, W. M., and Abbott, F. E. Jan. 18. Carburetting.-A carburettor comprises a series of steps a over which the liquid and air flow, preferably in opposite directions. Some or all the steps may have projecting serrated edges. Petrol is fed through an inlet b, and, in the form shown, the air inlet is at the bottom and the gas outlet at the top. The carburettor may be air or water jacketed.

Improved Apparatus for Supplying Carburetted Air.

28,524. Williams, J. Dec. 8. Carburetting.-In a carburettor in which air bubbles through a seal of carburetting-liquid from under an inclined pivoted chamber, air is supplied to a holder a through pipes c, d, admission of air to the holder when full being prevented by a mercury seal d<3> carried by the bell engaging the end of a tube c', as described in Specification 17,416/10. Air passes from the holder a through a pipe j to an inclined annular pipe i of triangular section pivoted at i<0> in a trough h<2>, to which hydrocarbon is supplied from a tank e by the means described in Specification 18,057/10. The trough h<2> is covered by a liquid-sealed annular vessel h'. The inclination of the pipe i is adjustable by means of rods k<2>, k, k<1>. The air issues from holes or notches m in the bottom of the pipe i, the size of the holes being greater or their distance apart less at the part of the pipe nearer the pivot i. The greater the demand for gas, the lower the holes m through which air passes. The carburetted air is withdrawn through a pipe n.

Combustible gas producing apparatus

Gas odorizing

Apparatus for producing gas from liquid in a cold state

Gas treatment

Apparatus for the production of air gas

Combined installation for the treatment of steel work gases

Steel work gases (blast-furnace gases, coke-oven gases, converter gases, etc.) are burnt with an exhaust gas from a gas turbine, optionally with a supply of natural gas and of air, in a combustion section between the outlet of the gas turbine and the inlet of a recovery boiler, the steam from which is utilized especially for producing electrical energy.

Combustible fluid producing device

Carburetor

Improvements in or relating to the Utilisation of Natural Gases or Petroleum Distillation Gases.

30,229. Boult, A. J., [Groeling, A. von]. Dec. 24. Oils and spirits for burning.-In a method of utilizing natural gases escaping from a borehole, or petroleum distillation gases, the gases are treated at an adjustably increased pressure and an adjustably reduced temperature, with predetermined quantities of an absorbing substance, for instance a heavy benzine, the unabsorbed gas being finally liquefied by compression and cooling. In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the gases pass from a holder A, bubble through liquid in an absorber D, undergo an adjustable increase of pressure in a compressor F, lose the heat of compression in a heat-exchanger G, pass through an absorber H, enter an expansion coil L in the absorber H, pass through an absorber M, serve as cooling- agents in the heat-exchanger G, and are finally liquefied in an apparatus O. The benzine is pumped through the absorbers D, M, H, and the heat-exchangers G in succession. The gases may be compressed and cooled in steps so that there are first formed products of condensation of the heavier constituents, which can be separated and utilized at once, or which can be used as an absorption liquid for the non-condensed lighter gases. Fig. 4 shows an apparatus for this purpose. The absorption or condensation chamber X is surrounded by a cooling-jacket Z. For cooling, either the gas discharged from the absorption chamber and expanding through a valve Y may be used, or products already condensed may be allowed to evaporate in the cooling-jacket by relieving the pressure. Several of these apparatus may be arranged in series.

Improvements to air gas producing devices

Gasification of bio-oil and alkali containing energy rich aqueous solutions from pulp mills

Saturator for enrichment of lighting gas

Improvements in and relating to Carburetting Apparatus for Producing Variable Mixtures of Air and Gas from Petrol or other Spirituous Liquids.

11,769. Pearson, F. S. May 12. Levels, regulating.-In a carburettor in which the level of the liquid is adjustable, the liquid is supplied to the carburettor 6 through a pipe 10 and valve 10<1> operated by a float 12, the connexion between the float and the valve being adjustable from outside the carburettor by means of a sleeve 10<2>.

Reduced condensation in fluid mixing.

Automatic device for the production of a gas suitable for lighting, heating and motive power

Gas apparatus

BIOMASS PROCESSING

Углеродсодержащие материалы, такие как биомасса (например, растительная биомасса, животная биомасса и биомасса бытовых отходов) или уголь перерабатываются для выработки полезных продуктов, таких как топливо, карбоновые кислоты и их эквиваленты (например, сложные эфиры и соли). Например, описаны системы, которые могут использовать сырьевые материалы, такие как целлюлозные и/или лигноцеллюлозные материалы и/или крахмалистые материалы для выработки этанола, бутанола или органических кислот (например, уксусной или молочной кислот), солей органических кислот и их смесей. При желании органические кислоты могут быть преобразованы в спирты, например, первоначальным преобразованием кислоты, соли или смеси кислот и их солей в эфир, с дальнейшей гидрогенезацией образованного эфира. Для выработки желаемого продукта могут быть использованы ацетогены или гомоацетогены, которые способны использовать сингаз из термохимического преобразования угля или биомассы. Carbonaceous materials such as biomass (for example, plant biomass, animal biomass and household waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products such as fuels, carboxylic acids and their equivalents (for example, esters and salts). For example, systems have been described that can use raw materials such as cellulosic and / or lignocellulosic materials and / or starchy materials to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (for example, acetic or lactic acids), salts of organic acids, and mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, for example, by first converting the acid, salt or mixture of acids and their salts to ether, with further hydrogenation of the formed ester. To generate the desired product, acetogens or homoacetogens can be used, which are able to use syngas from the thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass.

Improvements in and relating to carburetters

144,603. Soc. Anon. de Constructions Aeronautiques et de Navigation Aerienne La Sacana. June 10, 1919, [Convention date]. Bucket-elevator apparatus.-Petrol A<1> taken by a bucket elevator Q is fed to the lowest tray of the carburetter U through the tube S and rises by capillarity to the upper tray of the top element of the carburettor. The bucket elevator Q and suction compressor B are driven by a weight motor through a ratchet wheel G, pinions F, M, N, and pitch chain 0 so that by varying the number or capacity of the buckets the composition of the gas will be modified.

Improvements made to mixtures and apparatus for fueling air for lighting, heating, motive power and other uses

Combined cycle power generation system

복합발전 시스템이 개시된다. 본 발명에 따른 복합발전 시스템은, 가스화부의 가스화기에서 생성된 합성가스를 냉각시키는 냉각기에서 생성된 증기로 연료전지부의 개질기로 공급되는 물을 가열하고, 연료전지의 캐소드로 공급되는 산소를 가열한다. 그러므로, 개질기로 공급되는 물 및 연료전지로 공급되는 산소를 가열하기 위한 별도의 가열기가 필요 없으므로, 원가가 절감되는 효과가 있을 수 있다. 그리고, 연료전지의 애노드에서 배출되는 미반응 수소와 이산화탄소인 합성가스가 버너의 연료로 사용되고, 캐소드에서 배출되는 미반응 산소가 버너로 공급되므로, 더욱 원가가 절감되는 효과가 있을 수 있다.