АВТОТЕРМИЧЕСКИЙ СПОСОБ НЕПРЕРЫВНОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ СУБСТАНЦИЙ С ВЫСОКИМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ УГЛЕРОДА

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: autothermal method of continuous gasification of substances (14) with high carbon content is implemented in vertical working chamber (100) made in the form of vertical shaft furnace, with burning zone (C) and zone (D) of oxidation with oxygen-containing gas. Gaseous reaction products are removed on upper side of vertical working chamber (100) and subject in zone (G) to repeated treatment in presence of water vapour at temperature of 500 to 1000 °C. Loose material (13), which is not oxidated by itself, is continuously supplied in downward direction of vertical working chamber (100). Substances (14) with high carbon content are added to loose material (13) before inlet (3). Oxygen-containing gas is introduced at least partially, under oxidation zone (D), owing to which ascending gas flow is supplied. Due to introduction of at least some part of oxygen-containing gas on lower end (4) of vertical shaft furnace (100), there formed is zone (F) of repeated cooling, in which loose material is cooled to temperature below 100°C. EFFECT: obtaining high-quality synthesis gas that has no negative impact on the above substances. 21 cl, 2 dwg, 4 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 471 856 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/62 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010129542/05, 22.12.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 22.12.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЭКОЛУП ГМБХ (DE) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 20.12.2007 DE 102007062414.1 (72) Автор(ы): МЁЛЛЕР Роланд (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.01.2012 Бюл. № 3 2 4 7 1 8 5 6 (45) Опубликовано: 10.01.2013 Бюл. № 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 96/00265 A1, 04.01.1996. WO 99/37739 A1, 29.07.1999. BY 9767 С1, 30.10.2007. RU 2079051 C1, 10.05.1997. RU 2116570 C1, 27.07.1998. RU 2105245 C1, 20.02.1998. 2 4 7 1 8 5 6 R U (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2008/010999 (22.12. ...

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entgasen von staubfoermigen oder feinkoernigen Brennstoffen

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WATER-CONTAINING COAL

... 1276736 Gasifying coal RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLENWERKE AG 20 Aug 1969 [22 Aug 1968 20 Jan 1969] 41611/69 Heading C5E A process for gasifying water-containing coal or peat comprises contacting the coal directly with a liquid metal melt, e.g. lead, in a bath and utilising the water content of the coal as gasifying agent. The water may be that in the coal as mined, e.g. as in brown coals, or that added during winning. In illustrated embodiments, the coal-water mixture is delivered by a pump to the bottom of the bath and is passed upwardly through the melt, which is circulated through an external heating device and flows in concurrent or countercurrent with the coal in the bath. Oil may be added to the coal-water mixture.

CIRCULATING FLUIDISED BED APPARATUS.

The invention provides a circulating fluidized bed apparatus comprising a housing and a pair of spaced partitions located within the interior of the housing. The partitions are spaced from each other to define a draught zone therebetween having a lower inlet and an upper outlet. Separate fluid feed arrangements are provided for feeding separate fluidizing fluids into the housing for fluidizing particulate material in the draught zone and for fluidizing particulate material outside the draught zone. Above the draught zone the housing has a fluid outlet arrangement for fluidizing fluid from the draught zone, and a fluid outlet arrangement for fluidizing fluid from the housing outside the draught zone.

FLUIDISED BED APPARATUS

GASIFICATION OF SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS TO PRODUCE GAS SUITABLE FOR AMMONIA SYNTHESIS

Externally heated microwave plasma gasifier and synthesis gas production method

Externally heated microwave plasma gasifier and synthesis gas production method

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Process of gasification of lignocellulosic products and device for its implementation.

Furnace for the heat treatment of a solid fuel of pieces.

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Externally heated microwave plasma gasifier and synthesis gas production method

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID FUELS FROM CELEBRATIONS HYDROCARBON MATERIALS USED

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEREITSTELLUNG EINER KONSTANTEN PRODUKTGASMENGE AUS EINER WIRBELSCHICHT-GASERZEUGUNGSANLAGE

A process is described for providing a constant product gas rate from a fluidized bed gas generation plant, comprising a fluidized bed system which is coupled via at least one circulating bed material stream (5) and comprising at least one gas generation reactor (2) having a meterable fuel feed (1, 20) and at least one combustion reactor (4), a gas conditioning stage (8) arranged in the product gas stream (7) coming from the gas generation reactor (2) and an attached gas utilization stage (9) having upstream product gas compressor (19), and also a partial recycling (13) of product gas for controlling the temperature in the fluidized bed system, characterized in that the fluctuations of the product gas rate produced originating from the fuel feed and fuel quality are compensated for by a rapidly reacting variable product gas recycling (13) to the combustion reactor (4). In addition, a device is described for carrying out this process.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERZEUGUNG EINES GASES

The method involves partially gasifying and/or removing fuel in a circulating fluidized bed of a gasification zone (2). The remaining and/or not-converted fuel with a cooled bed material is placed in a combustion zone (3) and is recycled into the circulating fluidized bed of the gasification zone by a separator (8). The exhaust gas obtained from the separator and formed in the combustion zone is supplied to a solid separator (10) to separate the remaining bed material in the exhaust gas. The material is recycled into the combustion zone directly and/or by a bed material container (7). An independent claim is also included for a device for producing gas by gasification of fuel in a reactor.

VERGASUNGSUND SLAGGING DEVICE

VERFAHREN ZUR ERZEUGUNG TEERARMER GENERATORGASE UND BRENNSTOFFVERGASUNGSANLAGE ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

MULTISTAGE PRODUCTION OF COKE AND HIGH CALORIFIC GAS FROM COAL

Systems and methods for solar-thermal gasification of biomass

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant that may include a solar thermal receiver having a cavity with an inner wall, where the solar thermal receiver is aligned to absorb concentrated solar energy from one or more of 1 ) an array of heliostats, 2) solar concentrating dishes, and 3) any combination of the two. Some embodiments may include a solar-driven chemical reactor having multiple reactor tubes located inside the cavity of solar thermal receiver, wherein a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat occurs in the multiple reactor tubes, and wherein particles of biomass are gasified in the presence of a steam (H2O) carrier gas and methane (CH4) in a simultaneous steam reformation and steam biomass gasification reaction to produce reaction products that include hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas using the solar thermal energy from the absorbed concentrated solar energy in the multiple reactor tubes.

Integration of syngas generation technology with Fischer-Tropsch production via catalytic gas conversion

A system for the production of synthetic fuel, the system including a catalytic dual fluidized bed (DFB) configured to produce, from a DFB feedgas, a DFB product containing synthesis gas; and a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis apparatus fluidly connected with the catalytic DFB, wherein the FT synthesis apparatus includes an FT synthesis reactor configured to produce, from an FT feedgas, an FT overhead and a liquid FT product containing FT wax, wherein the FT feedgas contains at least a portion of the DFB product; and a product separator downstream of and fluidly connected with the FT synthesis reactor, wherein the product separator is configured to separate, from the FT overhead, an FT tailgas and an LFTL product containing LFTL. A method of producing synthetic fuel is also provided.

Method and device for controlling bed height of fluidized bed gasification furnace in gasification facility

Residence time of a bed material in a gasification furnace (2) is controlled while the bed height is controlled by supplying the bed material separated by a medium separator (8) to the gasification furnace (2), charging a material, and extracting the bed material from one of bed material extraction ports (40a, 40b, 40c) connected at vertical intervals with the gasification furnace (2) and supplying the bed material to a combustion chamber (5).

Process and apparatus for fixed bed coal gasification

RETORTING AND GASIFICATION OF SOLID CARBONACEK

INTEGRATION OF REFORMING/WATER SPLITTING AND ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS FOR POWER GENERATION WITH INTEGRATED CARBON CAPTURE

High efficiency electricity generation processes and systems with substantially zero CO2 emissions are provided. A closed looping between the unit that generates gaseous fuel (H2, CO, etc) and the fuel cell anode side is formed. In certain embodiments, the heat and exhaust oxygen containing gas from the fuel cell cathode side are also utilized for the gaseous fuel generation. The systems for converting fuel may comprise reactors configured to conduct oxidation- reduction reactions. The resulting power generation efficiencies are improved due to the minimized steam consumption for the gaseous fuel production.in the fuel cell anode loop as well as the strategic mass and energy integration schemes.

PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS BY HEATING OXIDIZED BIOMASS WITH A HOT GAS OBTAINED FROM THE OXIDATION OF RESIDUAL PRODUCTS

A process for producing synthesis gas, or syngas, from biomass. The process comprises contacting biomass with oxygen, or oxygen and steam, in an amount effective to oxidize the biomass and to heat the biomass to a temperature to no greater than 750°C. At least one combustible material also is contacted with oxygen and steam to heat the at least one combustible material to a temperature of at least 1,100°C, to provide a hot gas derived from the oxidized combustible material. The latter maybe residual products derived from the process itself as char, tar, or hydrocarbons. The oxidized biomass then is contacted with the hot flue gas to heat the biomass to a temperature of at least 900°C, thereby producing synthesis gas. The synthesis gas then is recovered. Such process provides a method of providing heat for producing synthesis gas without consuming a portion of the synthesis gas to provide such heat, thereby providing an increased yield of synthesis gas.

PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

Provided in the present invention is a method for preparing a hydrogen-rich gas by gasification of a solid organic substance and steam, comprising: in a pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the solid organic substance feedstock is heated for a pyrolysis reaction; and, a gaseous product generated by the pyrolysis reaction is subjected to a gasification reaction with steam in a moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus to produce the hydrogen-rich gas. Also provided in the present invention is a system for preparing the hydrogen-rich gas from the solid organic substance, comprising: solid heat carrier multistage dust remover, the pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus, and a riser combustion reactor. The method of the present invention is operated at room pressure, has a simplified process, and is applicable in gasification and co-gasification of highly volatile solid organic substances, including feedstock containing increased levels of water content, minerals ...

FUEL CRACKING IN A FLUIDIZED BED SYSTEM

A process for thermally cracking a fuel, said process comprising the steps of - on a solid carrier in a first reaction cracking fuel thereby producing Hydrogen and Carbon species - in a second reaction combusting said Carbon on the solid carrier wherein the first and second reaction is carried out in at least one fluidized bed.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

An improved system and method is provided for operating a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier system. A first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for reducing ash agglomeration in a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier/combustor system by adding a quantity of MgO to the feedstock used in the gasifier/combustor system. A second aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing erosion at piping bends in fluidized particulate piping systems which utilizes sand retention cavities positioned to receive and retain a portion of the fluidized particulate. A third aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for facilitating the flow of sand and char fragments from a first compartment to a second compartment while minimizing the flow of gases between the first and second compartments.

PLASMA GASIFICATION REACTORS WITH MODIFIED CARBON BEDS AND REDUCED COKE REQUIREMENTS

A carbonaceous bed in a reactor includes carbon bearing material that is not coke and rather includes natural wood blocks or bricks formed of non-coke carbonaceous material in a binder along with, as options, other constituents such as catalysts and fluxing agents. The bed reduces the amount of coke required in processes such as for syngas production. Such non-coke units are applicable to an original carbonaceous bed in a reactor and also to replenishment of reacted carbon in the original bed. The bed may include ungasified carbon particulate matter separated from gaseous reaction products of a gasification reactor, either in non-coke bricks or otherwise applied, as may other carbonaceous material often regarded as waste such as spent potliner material from aluminum making and soot residue from a gasification reactor. Certain reactor structural modifications can also result in reduced consumption of carbon in a bed.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BIOMASS PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION VIA TWO INTERCONNECTED FURNACES

A method and an apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces. The method uses a high heat-capacity solid particle as an energy carrier and saturated water as an oxidizer. First, the biomass is subjected to a low-temperature pyrolysis at a temperature between 500 and 800°C to obtain an alkali metal oxide-free crude synthetic gas and coke. Next, the crude synthetic gas and the coke are subjected to a high-temperature gasification at a temperature between 1200 and 1600°C to obtain a tar-free synthetic gas. Finally, the synthetic gas generated is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal, and dehydration processes. The device comprises: a gasification furnace (4) and a pyrolysis furnace (6) arranged one on top of the other, the inner cavities thereof being interconnected, a particle heater (10), a plasma torch heater (11), an exhaust fan (12), and a first heat exchanger (13) cyclically arranged, a water storage container (16) for making the ...

GASIFIER FLUIDIZATION

A method of producing synthesis gas by introducing a feed material to be gasified into a gasification apparatus comprising at least one fluidized component operable as a fluidized bed, wherein the gasification apparatus is configured to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising synthesis gas; and maintaining fluidization of the at least one fluidized component by introducing a fluidization gas thereto, wherein the fluidization gas comprises at least one component other than steam. A system for producing synthesis gas is also provided.

Process for starting or maintaining a chemical reaction which takes place on heating and reactor for its use

A transparent coolant fluid circulates in an annular channel bounded by the concentric walls (14, 15) of the tube (11). The interior forms a reaction chamber (17). The tube is made, for example, of glass or quartz. An inert fluid, also transparent, enters the chamber (17) through two diffusers (21, 22) with a laminar flow, and protects the inner wall of the tube (11). …The reactants follow an axial path (25) confined by the inert fluid and out of contact with the tube (11). An external source, for example an arc or filament, produces intense electromagnetic radiations which are reflected by a reflector onto a section of the trajectory (25) to cause the reaction. …The reactor is employed especially for the dissociation or combustion of organic and inorganic compounds. …… ...

High temp. reactor

High temp. reactor uses radiant heat supplied to porous reactor tube ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOSITION HYDROCARBONS

АВТОТЕРМИЧЕСКИЙ СПОСОБ НЕПРЕРЫВНОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ СУБСТАНЦИЙ С ВЫСОКИМ СОДЕРЖАНИЕМ УГЛЕРОДА

Изобретение относится к автотермическому способу непрерывной газификации субстанций (14) с высоким содержанием углерода в вертикальной рабочей камере (100) с зоной (С) выжига и зоной (D) окисления, в которой выжженные субстанции с высоким содержанием углерода окисляются кислородсодержащим газом, при этом газообразные продукты реакции отводят из верхней части вертикальной рабочей камеры (100). Вертикальная рабочая камера выполнена в форме вертикальной шахтной печи (100), через которую непрерывно сверху вниз протекает сыпучий материал, который движется в циркуляционном контуре, (13), и сам не окисляется, а перед входом (3) в печь к сыпучему материалу (13) добавляют субстанции (14) с высоким содержанием углерода, кислородсодержащий газ вводят как минимум частично под зоной (D) окисления с образованием восходящего газового потока. За счет введения как минимум части кислородсодержащего газа на нижнем конце (4) вертикальной шахтной печи (100) образуется зона (F) повторного охлаждения, в которой ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ БОГАТОГО ВОДОРОДОМ ГЕНЕРАТОРНОГО ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к способу получения богатого водородом генераторного газа, в котором содержащий углерод исходный материал расщепляют посредством пиролиза и возникающий пиролизный газ для увеличения содержания водорода нагревают в смеси с водяным паром. Необходимое для процесса тепло получают из сгорания образующегося пиролизного кокса. При этом необходимое для отдельных стадий способа тепло подается в установку за счет контура теплоносителя, который нагревают в зоне (13) нагревания с помощью дымового газа (12) из топки (11) для сжигания пиролизного кокса, затем нагревают в реакционной зоне (3) смесь из пиролизного газа и водяного пара, нагревают пиролизную зону (2), охлаждают в зоне (19) охлаждения и затем возвращают в начало контура теплоносителя. Для лучшего использования тепла и более точного выдерживания температур изобретением предлагается предусмотреть в контуре теплоносителя перед зоной (13) нагревания зону (4) предварительного нагревания, в которой контур теплоносителя предварительно ...

REMOVING OF LIQUID SLUG AND ALKALI FROM SYNTHESIS GAS

METHOD FOR GASIFYING CARBONACEOUS FUEL, METHOD FOR OPERATING IRON MILL, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING GASIFIED GAS

Plasma gasification reactors with modified carbon beds and reduced coke requirements

A carbonaceous bed in a reactor includes carbon bearing material that is not coke and rather includes natural wood blocks or bricks formed of non-coke carbonaceous material in a binder along with, as options, other constituents such as catalysts and fluxing agents. The bed reduces the amount of coke required in processes such as for syngas production. Such non-coke units are applicable to an original carbonaceous bed in a reactor and also to replenishment of reacted carbon in the original bed. The bed may include ungasified carbon particulate matter separated from gaseous reaction products of a gasification reactor, either in non-coke bricks or otherwise applied, as may other carbonaceous material often regarded as waste such as spent potliner material from aluminum making and soot residue from a gasification reactor. Certain reactor structural modifications can also result in reduced consumption of carbon in a bed.

Riser top structure for circulating fluidized bed gasifier

Disclosed is a riser top structure in which a lateral duct (15) for providing a connection between a riser (1) and a cyclone separator (2) comprises an introduction part (16) at the connection with the riser (1), said introduction part (16) having the same cross-sectional area as the riser (1), and a constriction part (17) between the introduction part (16) and the cyclone separator (2), the cross-sectional area of the constriction part (17) steadily decreasing from the introduction part (16) towards the cyclone separator (2) so as to be able to increase the flow speed of combustion gas.

PROCESS AND DATA PROCESSING SEQUENCE FOR THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION BY GASIFICATION Of a WET BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL LOAD, IN PARTICULAR OF the BIOMASS OR COAL.

SYNTHETIC GAS PRODUCING AND TAR REMOVING SYSTEM CAPABLE OF PREVENTING THE BACKFLOW OF SYNTHETIC GAS

PURPOSE: A synthetic gas producing and tar removing system is provided to maximize the synthetic gas caloric value by flexibly operating the system using air/steam in a flowing layer. CONSTITUTION: A synthetic gas producing and tar removing system comprises the following: a gasifier(10) generating combustible synthetic gas by gasifying or partial acidifying solid fuel; a first loop chamber connected to the gasifier for removing non-reacted char and sand of the gasifier; a CFB combustor heating the sand, and receiving the synthetic gas from the gasifier using a synthetic gas supplying unit; a cyclone(40) connected to the upper side of the CFB combustor for separating gas and solid particles discharged from the CFB combustor; and a descending pipe located in the lower side of the cyclone for dropping the sand separated from the cyclone. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2012 ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT GAS RICH IN HYDROGEN

AUTOTHERMIC METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS GASIFICATION OF SUBSTANCES RICH IN CARBON

The invention relates to an autothermic method for the continuous gasification of substances (14) rich in carbon in a vertical processing chamber (100) having a calcination zone (C) and an oxidation zone (D), in which the calcinated substances rich in carbon oxidize with gas containing oxygen, wherein the gaseous reaction products are withdrawn at the top (G) of the vertical processing chamber (100). The vertical processing chamber is configured in the shape of a vertical shaft furnace (100), which is continuously flowed through from the top to the bottom by a bulk product (13) conducted in a cycle, which itself is not oxidized, wherein the substances (14) rich in carbon are added to the bulk product (13) before entering (3) the furnace, and the gas containing the oxygen is introduced in and/or beneath the oxidation zone (D), whereby the rising gas flow is facilitated. An after-cooling zone (F), in which the bulk product is cooled to below 100°C, is configured by introducing at least part ...

BIOMASS GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

An improved system and method is provided for operating a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier system (A). A first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for reducing ash agglomeration in a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier/combustor system (20/22) by adding a quantity of MgO to the feedstock used in the gasifier/combustor system (20/22). A second aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing erosion at piping bends in fluidized particulate piping systems which utilizes sand retention cavities (70) positioned to receive and retain a portion of the fluidized particulate. A third aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for facilitating the flow of sand and char fragments from a first compartment to a second compartment while minimizing the flow of gases between the first and second compartments.

PLASMA PYROLYSIS, GASIFICATION AND VITRIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL

Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.

TREATMENT CHAIN AND PROCESS FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF A WET FEED OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL BY GASIFICATION

The invention relates to a treatment chain for thermochemically converting a wet biomass feed (1) by gasification, which comprises a device (4) for gasifying the feed (3), and a reactor (9) for steam conversion of the CO, which includes water supply means (10), for delivering a syngas (17) having a defined H 2 /CO ratio, a drying chamber (2) into which the wet feed (1) is injected prior to its subsequent treatment in the gasification device (4), this drying chamber (2) being supplied with a hot gas (15) withdrawn downstream from the gasification device (4) and recycled by pressurizing means (13) into the drying chamber (2).

Method for the purification of gasification gas

The invention relates to a method for the purification of gasification gas obtained from a carbonaceous material. The purification is carried out by adding oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas to the gasification gas and by contacting the gas mixture with a solid catalyst. According to the invention the catalyst contains at least one zirconium compound, such as zirconium oxide, which is used in particulate form as such or, for example, combined with an inert, honeycomb-structured support. By the purification, ammonia and organic tarry impurities can be removed from the gas simultaneously.

Combustion of spent adsorbents containing HPNA compounds in a membrane wall partial oxidation gasification reactor

A process for the economical and environmentally acceptable disposal of spent adsorbent recovered from an adsorption column used to remove HPNA compounds and HPNA precursors from hydrocracking unit bottoms and/or recycle streams includes removing the liquid hydrocarbon oil from the spent adsorbent material by a combination of solvent flushing, and/or heating and vacuum treatment, grinding the dried adsorbent material containing the HPNA compounds and HPNA precursors to produce free-flowing particles of a predetermined maximum size, and introducing the particulate adsorbent material into a membrane wall partial oxidation gasification reactor to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide synthesis gas, or syngas, which can be further processed by the water-gas shift reaction to increase the overall hydrogen recovered from the initial feed to the gasifier.

Co-gasification process for hydrocarbon solids and biomass

A process for the co-gasification of carbonaceous solids (coal, coke) and biomass in which the biomass material is pyrolyzed to provide a biomass pyrolysis oil and biomass char or coke which are then mixed with the carbonaceous solid to form a slurry. This slurry is then heated if necessary to achieve a viscosity which can be processed conveniently in the gasifier. The heat required for pyrolyzing the biomass can conveniently be obtained from the heat exchanger used to cool the hot synthesis gas product emerging from the gasifier.

Method of producing product gas from multiple carbonaceous feedstock streams mixed with a reduced-pressure mixing gas

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

Device and method for creating a gas

Die vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Gases durch Vergasung von Brennstoffen, insbesondere biogenen Brennstoffen und/oder Kunststoffen, in einem Reaktor umfassend eine Vergasungs- und eine Verbrennungszone, wobei der Reaktor ein fluidisiertes Bettmaterial aufweist, welches kontinuierlich in erhitztem Zustand von der Verbrennungszone in die Vergasungszone und von der Vergasungszone im abgekühlten Zustand zusammen mit nicht vergastem Restbrennstoff zurück in die Verbrennungszone geführt wird, wobei der Brennstoff in die als zirkulierende Wirbelschicht ausgebildete Vergasungszone eingebracht wird, der Brennstoff in der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht der Vergasungszone bei Luftabschluss unter Bildung eines Produktgases zumindest teilweise ent- bzw. vergast wird und der verbliebene bzw. nicht umgesetzte Restbrennstoff zusammen mit dem abgekühlten Bettmaterial in die Verbrennungszone verbracht wird, wo das Bettmaterial unter Bildung eines schnellen Wirbelbettes fluidisiert ...

PLASMA PYROLYSIS, GASIFICATION AND VITRIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL

РЕАКТОРЫ ПЛАЗМЕННОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ С МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫМИ УГЛЕРОДНЫМИ СЛОЯМИ И ПОНИЖЕННОЙ ПОТРЕБНОСТЬЮ В КОКСЕ

Изобретение относится к реакторам плазменной газификации или витрификации материалов, которые имеют реакционные слои из углеродсодержащего материала, способу формирования и поддержания углеродсодержащего слоя и исходному материалу для формирования углеродсодержащего изделия для использования среди частиц углеродсодержащего слоя. Реактор содержит реакционный сосуд, содержащий углеродсодержащий слой и имеющий одну или несколько плазменных горелок для создания повышенной температуры внутри слоя, реакционный сосуд, имеющий одно или несколько впускных отверстий для загружаемого материала над слоем для закладки перерабатываемого материала снаружи сосуда на слой, одно или несколько газоотводящих отверстий над слоем для выхода газообразных продуктов из сосуда и одно или несколько отверстий для шлака на дне слоя для выхода расплавленного шлака и металлов из сосуда, и углеродсодержащий слой, содержащий массу частиц, которые содержат углерод и имеют различный размер и форму, оставляющие пустоты между ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПИРОЛИЗА И ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ БИОМАССЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДВУХ ВЗАИМНО СОЕДИНЕННЫХ ПЕЧЕЙ

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: solid high heat capacity particles are used as heat carrier while saturated water steam is used as an oxidiser. First, biomass is subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis at 500-800°C to produce unpurified synthetic gas not containing alkaline metal oxides and coke. Then said unpurified synthetic gas and coke are subjected to high-temperature gasification at 1200-1600°C to produce synthetic gas not containing resin. Produced synthetic gas is cooled, de-dusted, deoxidised and dewatered. Proposed device comprises gasification kiln and pyrolysis kiln arranged one on the other. Note here that their chambers are communicated. Besides it comprises heater of particles, heater with plasma flame, draught fan, first heat exchanger, water tank for production of saturated water steam, water feed pump, second heat exchanger, dust catcher, deoxidiser tower and dewatering device. EFFECT: synthetic gas of high efficiency and calorific value with no resin of alkaline metal oxides. 12 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/66 (11) (13) 2 515 307 C1 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013107366/05, 06.07.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 06.07.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ТАН Хунмин (CN), ЧЖАН Яньфын (CN), ЧЭНЬ Илун (CN) 20.07.2010 CN 201010234122.9 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2014 Бюл. № 13 2333929 C1, 20.09.2008; . RU 2272064 C2, 20.03.2006; . US 2008307703 A1, 18.12.2008. CN 101503177 A, 12.08.2009. EP 0921182 A1, 09.06.1999 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 20.02.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 1 5 3 0 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2189310 C2, 20.09.2002; . RU R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): САНШАЙН КАЙДИ НЬЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ ГРУП КО., ЛТД. (CN) 2 5 1 5 3 0 7 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: C 1 C 1 CN 2011/076917 (06.07.2011) WO 2012/010058 (26.01.2012) ...

УДАЛЕНИЕ ЖИДКОГО ШЛАКА И ЩЕЛОЧЕЙ ИЗ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к области химии. Топливо 1 подают в газогенератор 2 и там с помощью сжатого, обогащенного кислородом воздуха 3 и водяного пара 4 превращают в нагруженный капельками шлака и щелочью синтез-газ. Газогенератор 2 можно снабдить устройством для вывода шлака. Синтез-газ направляют в циклон 6, где он освобождается от капелек шлака и от щелочей. Шлак 7 отводится в жидком виде. Освобожденный таким образом от шлака синтез-газ 8 попадает в резервуар 9 с насыпкой 10 из газопоглотительного керамического материала. Там он освобождается от содержащихся в нем щелочных паров. Очищенный таким образом горячий газ 11 попадает в газовую турбину 12, приводимую горячим газом, и там расширяется. Расширенный и благодаря этому охлажденный синтез-газ 13 отводится. Вал газовой турбины 12 соединен с компрессором 14 и генератором 15. Компрессор 14 используют для сжатия обогащенного кислородом воздуха. Последний направляют в газогенератор 2. Изобретение позволяет получать чистый синтез-газ без предварительного ...

УДАЛЕНИЕ ЖИДКОГО ШЛАКА И ЩЕЛОЧЕЙ ИЗ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

... 1. Способ получения синтез-газа путем газификации воздухом или кислородом, или воздухом, обогащенным кислородом, а также водяным паром, при котором ! - твердое или жидкое, содержащее углерод топливо подается в реактор, в котором топливо с помощью воздуха или кислорода, или воздуха, обогащенного кислородом, а также водяного пара при повышенной температуре превращается в синтез-газ, который в значительной части состоит из водорода, двуокиси углерода и окиси углерода, и ! - при реакции получаются капельки минерального шлака, которые выводятся из реактора отдельно от полученного синтез-газа, ! - полученный синтез-газ выводится из реактора в любом направлении, ! отличающийся тем, что ! - содержащиеся в синтез-газе парообразные щелочи удаляются из синтез-газа путем приведения в контакт с газопоглотительным керамическим материалом, и ! - синтез-газ без предварительного охлаждения направляется в шлакоотделительное устройство, в котором капельки шлака отводятся в виде жидкого шлака. ! 2. Способ ...

Устройство газификации биомассы

Способ газификации твердых топлив

Gasification of fossil fuels - using granular medium heated by primary circuit of a gas cooled high temp reactor

Gasification of fossil fuel in which the primary coolant of a high temp. gas cooled reactor is used to heat a granular medium, e.g. sand or ceramic which is then passed down through a gasifier to produce an endothermic reaction with the feed stock of fossile (e.g. brown coal) fuel. The heat transfer medium is routed back to the heat exchanger in a closed cycle via a collection chamber. A valved outlet on the exchanger regulates the rate of flow and allows for CH4 to be drawn off and for a N2 purge to be applied to remove combustibles. The tubes in the exchanger are sized pref. in a length to dia. ratio of 20 to 30 : 1.

Fluidized bed reactor useful for producing product gas from carbon-containing input materials via allothermal gasification comprises combustion chamber with first fluidized bed, reformer reactor with second fluidized bed and feeding device

Fluidized bed reactor (10) for producing product gas from carbon-containing input materials via allothermal gasification comprises: a combustion chamber (100) with a first fluidized bed (104) for producing heat required for the allothermal gasification; a reformer reactor (200) for carrying out the allothermal gasification with a second fluidized bed (208); and a feeding device for the input materials to be gasified. The reformer reactor is at least partially immersed in the combustion chamber, and defines a flow channel passing through the first fluidized bed. Fluidized bed reactor (10) for producing product gas from carbon-containing input materials via allothermal gasification comprises: a combustion chamber (100) with a first fluidized bed (104) for producing heat required for the allothermal gasification; a reformer reactor (200) for carrying out the allothermal gasification with a second fluidized bed (208); and a feeding device for the input materials to be gasified, where the reformer ...

PROCEDURE FOR THE INDIRECT GASIFICATION OF ABLAUGEN OR SCHWARZLAUGEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TAR-POOR GENERATOR GASES AND FUEL CARBURATION PLANT FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYTHESEGAS

VERFAHREN ZUM VERGASEN VON ABFALL

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEREITSTELLUNG EINER KONSTANTEN PRODUKTGASMENGE AUS EINER WIRBELSCHICHT-GASERZEUGUNGSANLAGE

A process is described for providing a constant product gas rate from a fluidized bed gas generation plant, comprising a fluidized bed system which is coupled via at least one circulating bed material stream (5) and comprising at least one gas generation reactor (2) having a meterable fuel feed (1, 20) and at least one combustion reactor (4), a gas conditioning stage (8) arranged in the product gas stream (7) coming from the gas generation reactor (2) and an attached gas utilization stage (9) having upstream product gas compressor (19), and also a partial recycling (13) of product gas for controlling the temperature in the fluidized bed system, characterized in that the fluctuations of the product gas rate produced originating from the fuel feed and fuel quality are compensated for by a rapidly reacting variable product gas recycling (13) to the combustion reactor (4). In addition, a device is described for carrying out this process.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR ERZEUGUNG EINES GASES

Die vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Gases durch Vergasung von Brennstoffen, insbesondere biogenen Brennstoffen und/oder Kunststoffen, in einem Reaktor umfassend eine Vergasungs- und eine Verbrennungszone, wobei der Reaktor ein fluidisiertes Bettmaterial aufweist, welches kontinuierlich in erhitztem Zustand von der Verbrennungszone in die Vergasungszone und von der Vergasungszone im abgekühlten Zustand zusammen mit nicht vergastem Restbrennstoff zurück in die Verbrennungszone geführt wird, wobei der Brennstoff in die als zirkulierende Wirbelschicht ausgebildete Vergasungszone eingebracht wird, der Brennstoff in der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht der Vergasungszone bei Luftabschluss unter Bildung eines Produktgases zumindest teilweise ent- bzw. vergast wird und der verbliebene bzw. nicht umgesetzte Restbrennstoff zusammen mit dem abgekühlten Bettmaterial in die Verbrennungszone verbracht wird, wo das Bettmaterial unter Bildung eines schnellen Wirbelbettes fluidisiert ...

PLASMA PYROLYSIS, GASIFICATION AND GLAZING OF ORGANIC MATERIALS

A method for processing condensed fuel by means of gasification

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING MATTER IN A TURBULENT MASS OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL

CONTINUOUS PROCESS

CIRCULATING FLUIDISED BED APPARATUS

Fuel gasification equipment

A fuel gasification equipment that would realize effective utilization of CO ...

High performance alumina heat transfer solids for high temperature fluidized bed synthesis gas reactions

A hot solids process selectively operable for combustion purposes and gasification purposes

A hot solids process operable selectively for combustion purposes and gasification purposes wherein a pre-identified product is selected from a group of products to be generated through the use of the hot solids process. Based on the nature of the pre-identified product, which is to be generated through the use of the hot solids process, a specific fuel from which the pre-identified product is capable of being derived is selected from a group of fuels. Then, from a group of reactors there is selected a first reactor, which is operable for generating in the first reactor the pre-identified product as an output from the first reactor. Thereafter, from a group of reactors, there is selected a second reactor, which is operable for effecting in the second reactor the conversion of air and of a predetermined carrier selected from a group of carriers to produce a predefined output from the second reactor.

COUNTERCURRENT PLUG-LIKE FLOW OF TWO SOLIDS

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR GASIFYING COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS

COAL GASIFICATION

Coal gasification process in which coal is pyrolyzed at a temperature below 700.degree.C to form aqueous vapors and a char, the char is reacted with steam in a gasification zone to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the vapors are condensed to produce an oil and waste water containing ammonia and phenolic compounds. This waste water is vaporized and substantially all the resulting steam containing ammonia and phenolic compounds is fed to the gasification zone.

COAL GASIFICATION

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REDUCING EMISSIONS IN A CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION SYSTEM

A system (60) for removing impurities from post-combustion gas (19) includes an oxidizer (64) and a reducer (62) operatively connected to the oxidizer (64), the reducer (62) configured to receive the post-combustion gas (19). The system further includes a CLOU material (66) capable of selective circulation between the oxidizer (64) and reducer (62). The CLOU material (66) further oxidizes impurities present in the post-combustion gas (19) to reduce or remove the same.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING OIL SOURCE MATERIAL AND OTHER MATERIALS

A method of processing raw oil sands material comprising bitumen, and a tailings mixture. The method includes mixing a predetermined first amount of the raw oil sands material and a predetermined second amount of the tailings mixture to provide a blended feedstock mixture including predetermined respective proportions of the raw oil sands material and the tailings mixture. The blended feedstock mixture is heated in a pre-distillation process and is further heated in a distiller to at least partially vaporize the bitumen, to provide atmospheric gas oil and vacuum gas oil from the bitumen, coked oil sands material comprising carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and sand, and a first barren hot oil sands material. The coked oil sands material is heated in a gasifier. Heat energy from certain products resulting from such heating is transferred to the blended feedstock mixture.

METHOD OF PRODUCING A HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION

Method of producing a hydrocarbon composition. The method comprises providing a biomass raw-material; gasifying the raw-material in the presence of oxygen to produce a gas containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons possibly together with inert components; separately increasing the hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide ratio of the gas to a value of about 2; feeding the gas to a Fischer-Tropsch reactor; converting in the Fischer-Tropsch reactor at least a significant part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen contained in the gas into a hydrocarbon composition containing C4-C90 hydrocarbons; and recovering the hydrocarbon composition. According to the invention, fresh external hydrogen is introduced into the gas before feeding into the Fischer-Tropsch reactor. By using external hydrogen feed, the capacity of a biomass gasification process can be increased and the need for a conventional Water Gas Shift for producing hydrogen from carbon monoxide and steam can be eliminated ...

FLUX ADDITION AS A FILTER CONDITIONER

Improvements in a gasification system and process for gasifying carbonaceous feedstock with improved energy efficiency. Improved methods and systems for more efficient removal of particulates from a raw synthesis gas while simultaneously providing a novel mechanism for fluxing agent addition to the gasification reactor. A conditioning agent, in the form of coarse fluxing agent particles, is added to the raw synthesis gas upstream from the particle filtration unit. The contitioning agent allows more rapid turnaround of the filtration unit following filter element replacement, extend filter life, facilitates the removal of filter cake from the particle filters, and combines with removed filter cake for recycling to the gasifier. Addition of fluxing agent via this route eliminates the need to premix fluxing agent with the carbonaceous feedstock, thereby maximizing the rate of feedstock addition to the gasification reactor.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

An improved system and method is provided for operating a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier system. A first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for reducing ash agglomeration in a parallel entrainment fluidized bed gasifier/combustor system by adding a quantity of MgO to the feedstock used in the gasifier/combustor system. A second aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reducing erosion at piping bends in fluidized particulate piping systems which utilizes sand retention cavities positioned to receive and retain a portion of the fluidized particulate. A third aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for facilitating the flow of sand and char fragments from a first compartment to a second compartment while minimizing the flow of gases between the first and second compartments.

ROTARY DISC DEVICE IN A ROTARY FLUIDISED BED AND METHOD USING SAID DEVICE

Dispositif de disque rotatif (1) dans un lit fluidifié rotatif, dont le bord extérieur tourne à l'intérieur et plus vite que le lit fluidifié, permettant d'accélérer la vitesse de rotation du lit fluidifié, d'alimenter des particules solides et/ou des microgouttelettes dans le lit fluidifié ou dans la zone centrale libre et de séparer différentes zones annulaires du lit fluidifié et procédés de transformation de particules solides ou de microgouttelettes au contact des fluides traversant le lit fluidifié rotatif ou de transformation de fluides au contact des solides en suspension dans le lit fluidifié rotatif utilisant ce dispositif.

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR GASIFICATION OF WASTE

A process and a device for gasification of waste is provided which allows economical operation at comparatively low flow rates. Gasification is performed in a gasifier having a gasification space (1) and a liquid rotating slag bath (2). Slag bath (2) is preferably caused to rotate by tangentially injecting the gasification medium and/or at least a portion of the waste. While waste with a diameter of to 5 mm is introduced into the gasifier above slag bath (2), larger wastes are introduced directly into the slag bath.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ БОГАТОГО ВОДОРОДОМ ГЕНЕРАТОРНОГО ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к способу получения богатого водородом генераторного газа, в котором содержащий углерод исходный материал расщепляют посредством пиролиза, и возникающий пиролизный газ для увеличения содержания водорода нагревают в смеси с водяным паром. Необходимое для процесса тепло получают из сгорания образующегося пиролизного кокса. При этом необходимое для отдельных стадий способа тепло подается в установку за счет контура теплоносителя, который нагревают в зоне (13) нагревания с помощью дымового газа (12) из топки (11) для сжигания пиролизного кокса, затем нагревают в реакционной зоне (3) смесь из пиролизного газа и водяного пара, нагревают пиролизную зону (2), охлаждают в зоне (19) охлаждения и затем возвращают в начало контура теплоносителя. Для лучшего использования тепла и более точного выдерживания температур изобретением предлагается предусмотреть в контуре теплоносителя перед зоной (13) нагревания зону (4) предварительного нагревания, в которой контур теплоносителя предварительно ...

Pulse gasification and hot gas cleanup apparatus and process

A HOT SOLIDS PROCESS HAVING AN OUTPUT SUITABLE FOR THE INPUT TO A PETROCHEMICAL PROCESS

一种热固体方法，其中可通过使用所述热固体方法产生预定输出，所述预定输出适合用作石油化工程序的输入。这种热固体方法的运作模式可利用从石油化工程序中生成的在原先条件下通常不能使用的产物输出中的一部分，并意图将该产物输出用作热固体方法的输入，所述热固体方法旨在从热固体方法中产生适合用作石油化工程序的输入的预定输出。

Fluidized-bed gasification method and facility therefor

Gasification device, gasification method, and equipment for producing liquid fuel

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE THERMOLYSIS

Appareil à lit fluidisé en circulation

L'invention concerne les appareils à lit fluidisé. Un appareil à lit fluidisé en circulation comprend une enceinte 12 contenant une paire de cloisons parallèles 16. Les cloisons définissent entre elles une zone de tirage ayant une entrée inférieure et une sortie supérieure. Des structures d'alimentation en fluide séparées sont respectivement prévues pour introduire des fluides de fluidisation séparés dans l'enceinte, pour fluidiser un matériau sous forme de particules dans la zone de tirage, et pour fluidiser un matériau sous forme de particules à l'extérieur de la zone de tirage. Des structures de sortie de fluide 64, 68 sont respectivement prévues pour les fluides de fluidisation qui proviennent de la zone de tirage et de l'extérieur de cette zone. Application aux installations de gazéification du charbon.

Fuel gasification system

A fuel gasification system including a gasification furnace including a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas for gasifying fuel charged into gasification gas and flammable solid content, a combustion furnace for combustion of the flammable solid content into which the flammable solid content produced in the furnace is introduced together with bed material and that includes a fluidized bed formed by fluidizing reactant gas, a material separator such as hot cyclone that separates bed material from exhaust gas introduced from the combustion furnace, the separated bed material being fed through a downcomer to the gasification furnace, and a tar decomposing mechanism that heats the gasification gas produced in the furnace to decompose tar contained in the gasification gas.

Supplemental fuel to combustor of dual fluidized bed gasifier

A method of gasification by introducing a feed material to be subjected to gasification into a dual fluidized bed gasifier comprising a pyrolyzer fluidly connected with a combustor such that a circulation stream comprising a heat transfer material can be continuously circulated between the pyrolyzer, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is reduced, and the combustor, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is increased, wherein the pyrolyzer is operable to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the combustor is operable to increase the temperature of the circulation stream via combustion of char introduced thereto with the circulation stream and at least one supplemental fuel. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

System and method for production of fischer-tropsch synthesis products and power

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Method and apparatus for producing liquid hydrocarbon fuels from coal

A method of converting coal into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel utilizes a high pressure, high temperature reactor which operates upon a blend of micronized coal, a catalyst, and steam. Microwave power is directed into the reactor. The catalyst, preferably magnetite, will act as a heating media for the microwave power and the temperature of the reactor will rise to a level to efficiently convert the coal and steam into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Flux addition as a filter conditioner

Improvements in a gasification system and process for gasifying carbonaceous feedstock with improved energy efficiency. Improved methods and systems for more efficient removal of particulates from a raw synthesis gas while simultaneously providing a novel mechanism for fluxing agent addition to the gasification reactor. A conditioning agent, in the form of coarse fluxing agent particles, is added to the raw synthesis gas upstream from the particle filtration unit. The conditioning agent allows more rapid turnaround of the filtration unit following filter element replacement, extend filter life, facilitates the removal of filter cake from the particle filters, and combines with removed filter cake for recycling to the gasifier. Addition of fluxing agent via this route eliminates the need to premix fluxing agent with the carbonaceous feedstock, thereby maximizing the rate of feedstock addition to the gasification reactor.

Fluidized bed system and method for operating fluidized bed furnace

A fluidized bed system includes a first nozzle group that is provided inside a fluidized bed furnace, a second nozzle group that is provided inside the fluidized bed furnace, a first supply section that supplies a gas into the fluidized bed furnace through the first nozzle group, a second supply section that supplies the gas into the fluidized bed furnace through both the first and second nozzle groups, and a control section that controls the second supply section during a start-up operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form a fluidized bed of a fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace, and stops the supply of the gas by the second supply section and controls the first supply section during a normal operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form the fluidized bed of the fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OXIDATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TAR

A method is provided for removing tar from a gas by contacting a first gas containing tar with a second gas containing oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that contains less tar than the first gas. The method can also include heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor, introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier, such that heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas, the first gas may contain at least a portion of the tar-containing gas, and the tar-containing gas may be extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas with the second gas. 1. A method for removing tar from a gas , the method comprising:contacting a first gas comprising tar with a second gas comprising oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that comprises less tar than the first gas.2. The method of further comprising heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor claim 1 , introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier claim 1 , wherein heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas claim 1 , wherein the first gas comprises at least a portion of the tar-containing gas claim 1 , and wherein the tar-containing gas is extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas comprising tar with the second gas comprising oxygen.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the fluidized particulate material comprises sand.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second gas is selected from the group consisting ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AN INDIRECT RADIATION DRIVEN GASIFIER REACTOR AND RECEIVER CONFIGURATION

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. Some embodiments may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats and a solar-driven chemical reactor. This chemical reactor may have multiple reactor tubes, in which particles of biomass may be gasified in the presence of a carrier gas in a gasification reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide products. High heat transfer rates of the walls and tubes may allow the particles of biomass to achieve a high enough temperature necessary for substantial tar destruction and complete gasification of greater than 90 percent of the biomass particles into reaction products including hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas in a very short residence time between a range of 0.01 and 5 seconds. 117-. (canceled)18. An apparatus , comprising:a thermal receiver having inner walls that form a cavity space inside the thermal receiver;a chemical reactor that has one or more reactor tubes located inside the cavity space of the thermal receiver, where in the one or more reactor tubes a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat is configured to occur, wherein the chemical reaction includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat;a source of inert particles that are inert to the chemical reaction that includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat, where the source of inert particles couples to the one or more feed lines to add the inert particles to the chemical reactor;one or more feed lines coupled to the chemical reactor to add the inert particles for radiation absorption and re- ...

CARBONACEOUS BRICKS FOR USE IN CARBON BEDS OF GASIFICATION REACTORS AND METHODS OF MAKING CARBONACEOUS BRICKS

A process for forming a carbonaceous article for use among particles in a carbonaceous bed of a thermal reactor, includes forming bricks having a material composition including carbon containing particles other than coke, and at least one of Portland cement, potassium silicate cement, and aluminum silicate cement, in an approximate weight % other than water of: 40 to 95 parts of the carbon containing particles, 0 to 20 parts of the Portland cement, 0 to 20 parts of the potassium silicate cement, and 0 to 20 parts of the aluminum silicate cement. 1. A process for forming a carbonaceous article for use among particles in a carbonaceous bed of a thermal reactor , the process comprising:forming bricks having a material composition including carbon containing particles other than coke, and at least one of Portland cement, potassium silicate cement, and aluminum silicate cement, in an approximate weight % other than water of:40 to 95 parts of the carbon containing particles,0 to 20 parts of the Portland cement,0 to 20 parts of the potassium silicate cement, and0 to 20 parts of the aluminum silicate cement.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:mixing the material composition with an amount of water to form a moldable mixture;pouring the moldable mixture into the molds of a predetermined size and shape for use in a carbonaceous bed; andallowing the moldable mixture, in the molds, to set and air dry.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the water is about 15% to 25% of the weight of the moldable mixture.4. The process of claim 2 , further including formation of the carbonaceous bed by including the steps of:removing the molded units from the molds, which are shaped to provide the units with average dimensions of about 10 cm to 25 cm across, andintroducing a quantity of the molded units into a reactor vessel to form the carbonaceous bed in which at least about 25% of the carbonaceous bed carbon content is carbon of the molded units.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein ...

Method of producing product gas from multiple carbonaceous feedstock streams mixed with a reduced-pressure mixing gas

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

Integrated Process Plant Having a Biomass Reforming Reactor Using a Fluidized Bed

An interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generates syngas for a number of different liquid fuel or chemical processes is discussed. A first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage. A second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the tars as raw syngas, and then chemically reacts the raw syngas within a vessel of the second stage to make the raw syngas from the first stage into a chemical grade syngas by further cracking the tars, excess methane, or both. 1. An integrated plant , comprising:an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generate syngas for any of 1) a methanol synthesis reactor, 2) a Methanol to Gasoline reactor train process, and 3) a high temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train that use syngas derived from biomass in the bio-reforming reactor,where a first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that has one or more stream inputs to feed heat absorbing media, including silica sand, ilmenite, olivine, dolomite, zeolite catalysts and any combination of the five, a vessel to circulate the heat absorbing media, one or more supply inputs to feed the biomass, and has a sparger to input steam, where the first stage is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage, anda second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the ...

ROTARY DISC DEVICE IN A ROTARY FLUIDISED BED AND METHOD USING SAID DEVICE

The invention relates to a rotary disc device () in a rotary fluidised bed, the outer edge of said disc rotating inside, and faster than, the fluidised bed, thereby allowing: the rotation speed of the fluidised bed to be accelerated, solid particles and/or micro-droplets to be supplied to the fluidised bed or to the free central area, and different annular areas of the fluidised bed to be separated. The invention also relates to methods for transforming solid particles or micro-droplets on contact with the fluids flowing through the rotary fluidised bed or for transforming fluids on contact with solids in suspension in the rotary fluidised bed, using said device. 21516. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the square of the ratio between the surface area of the circular wall () and the sum of the surface areas of said injection openings () is greater than 200 times the ratio between the mean diameter of the circular chamber claim 1 , D claim 1 , and the mean diameter of the solid particles claim 1 , d claim 1 , multiplied by the ratio between the mean density of the fluid claim 1 , ρf claim 1 , and the mean density of the solids claim 1 , ρs.39616. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the mean distance () between said injection openings () is less than one twentieth of the mean diameter claim 1 , D claim 1 , of said circular chamber claim 1 , and in that the hourly mass flow rate of the fluids passing through the rotary fluidized bed is greater than 200 times the mass of said rotary fluidized bed when the device is in operation.4202111. The device according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises at least one tube () for feeding solids claim 1 , optionally entrained by a fluid or in solution in a fluid () claim 1 , in the vicinity of the central axis () claim 1 , against the rotary disk ().5626111531152016061. The device according to claim 4 , characterized in that the annular space () between the outer rim () of said ...

Biomass gasifier device

A gasification apparatus can produce hydrogen-containing gas from biomass with high thermal efficiency at low costs without severe trouble caused by tar generated by pyrolyzing the biomass, while maximizing the gasification rate of the tar. The gasification apparatus includes a biomass pyrolyzing zone for heating biomass in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and a gas reforming zone for heating the resulting pyrolyzed gas in the presence of steam. A plurality of preheated granules and/or lumps is moved from the gas reforming zone to the biomass pyrolyzing zone, the apparatus reforms the gas generated by pyrolyzing the biomass and pyrolyzes the biomass, using the heat of the granules and/or lumps. The biomass pyrolyzing zone and the gas reforming zone is provided in a single vessel, and at least one partitioning plate is provided between the biomass pyrolyzing zone and the gas reforming zone.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION DEVICE

The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer. 1. A biomass gasification device , comprising:a biomass pyrolytic reactor comprising a biomass inlet and a non-oxidizing gas inlet and/or a steam inlet;a pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor comprising a steam inlet and a reformed gas outlet;a pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe for introducing a pyrolyzed gas generated in the biomass pyrolytic reactor into the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, the pyrolyzed gas introducing pipe being provided between the biomass pyrolytic reactor and the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor, wherein:the biomass pyrolytic reactor further comprises an introduction port and a discharge port for a plurality of preheated granules and/or lumps, and performs pyrolysis of biomass by using heat of the plurality of granules and/or lumps; andthe pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor performs steam reforming of the pyrolyzed gas generated by the pyrolysis of the biomass,the biomass gasification device being characterized in that:the pyrolyzed gas reforming reactor further comprises an air or oxygen inlet, and performs the steam ...

System and method for flexible conversion of feedstock to oil and gas

A feedstock flexible process for converting feedstock into oil and gas includes (i) indirectly heated hydrous devolatilization of volatile feedstock components, (ii) indirectly heated thermochemical conversion of fixed carbon feedstock components, (iii) heat integration and recovery, (iv) vapor and gas pressurization, and (v) vapor and gas clean-up and product recovery. A system and method for feedstock conversion includes a thermochemical reactor integrated with one or more hydrous devolatilization and solids circulation subsystems configured to accept a feedstock mixture, comprised of volatile feedstock components and fixed carbon feedstock components, and continuously produce a volatile reaction product stream therefrom, while simultaneously and continuously capturing, transferring, and converting the fixed carbon feedstock components to syngas.

METHOD OF BIOMASS GRADING PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

The invention provides a method of biomass grading pyrolysis gasification in a circulating fluidized bed comprising: feeding biomass into the lower-middle part of a carrying fluidized bed, mixing with high temperature synthesis gas and heat carrier from a turbulent fluidized bed, heating the biomass to carry out a pyrolysis reaction, and carrying the pyrolysis product upward; subjecting the cracked oil and gas to a gaseous phase catalytic cracking in an upper-middle part of the carrying fluidized bed, cracking the tar into methane, ethane and the like; subjecting the heat carrier, semi-coke and fuel gas after the reaction to the multi-stage of gas-solid separation, a large particle carrier and semi-coke following a first-level separation are used as the fuel gas cracking catalyst and the filter material for filtering and removing dust, and enter into a moving bed filter to separate out an ultra-fine ash and subsequently return to the turbulent fluidized bed so as to perform gasification reaction, the ultra-fine ash is delivered to the outside as a silicon-potash fertilizer product; the medium and small particle carrier and semi-coke separated from a second-level separation are directly recycled to the turbulent fluidized bed, the fine particles separated from a third-level separation is discharged to the outside as a silicon-potash fertilizer product, the moving bed filter further catalytically cracks a small amount of tar in the fuel gas into methane and ethane and removes the ultra-fine ash simultaneously, the purified fuel gas is delivered to the outside as a product. 1. A method of biomass grading pyrolysis gasification in a circulating fluidized bed comprising:1) feeding biomass particles having an average particle diameter less than 5 mm into a carrying fluidized bed in a circulating fluidized bed, the carrying fluidized bed having an upper part, a middle part, and a bottom part, and the biomass particles are fed into the carrying fluidized bed below the ...

System and method for reducing emissions in a chemical looping combustion system

A system for removing impurities from post-combustion gas includes an oxidizer and a reducer operatively connected to the oxidizer, the reducer configured to receive the post-combustion gas. The system further includes a CLOU material capable of selective circulation between the oxidizer and reducer. The CLOU material further oxidizes impurities present in the post-combustion gas to reduce or remove the same.

Activation of Waste Metal Oxide as an Oxygen Carrier for Chemical Looping Combustion Applications

A process for producing black powder oxygen carriers for use in a chemical looping combustion unit includes the steps of: (a) removing and collecting the black powder waste material that was formed in a gas pipeline; (b) pre-treating the collected black powder to adjust its spherical shape to avoid attrition and fines production; and (c) activating the black powder to increase its reactivity rate and produce the black powder oxygen carrier that is suitable for use in the chemical looping combustion process as an oxygen carrier. 1. A process for producing an oxygen carrier that is suitable for use in a chemical looping combustion unit , comprising the steps of;removing and collecting black powder that is formed within a gas pipeline;pre-treating the collected black powder; andactivating the collected black powder to increase the reactivity of the black powder to form a black powder oxygen carrier for use in the chemical looping combustion unit.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the black powder comprises iron hydroxides claim 1 , iron oxides claim 1 , and iron carbonates.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the black powder is removed from a natural gas pipeline and collected using at least one of a separator and cyclone device such that gas laden with black powder passes through the separator or cyclone claim 1 , and black powder particles are knocked out of the gas stream to walls of the separator or cyclone claim 1 , where they fall and are collected internally within the separator or cyclone in a collection media.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the collected black powder is pre-treated via a synthesis method.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the synthesis method consists one of a spray drying process and a freeze granulation process.6. The process of claim 4 , wherein the synthesis method comprises the steps of:forming a powder mixture that comprises about 60.1% black powder and about 39.9% manganese ore; homogenizing the aqueous suspension;', 'spray drying ...

Plasma gasification reactors with modified carbon beds and reduced coke requirements

An apparatus includes a reactor vessel containing a carbonaceous bed and having means for establishing an elevated temperature within the carbonaceous bed; and the reactor vessel also having one or more feed material inlets above the carbonaceous bed for depositing process material from outside the vessel onto the carbonaceous bed, one or more gas exhaust ports above the bed for exit of gaseous products from the vessel, and one or more slag ports at the bottom of the carbonaceous bed for exit of molten and vitreous material from the vessel; wherein the carbonaceous bed comprises bricks that contain carbon and are of varied size and shape of which at least 25% of the total carbon content of the bed comprises spent pot liner material from aluminum processing, and wherein the bricks further comprise at least one of: Portland cement, potassium silicate cement, or aluminum silicate cement.

GASIFIED-GAS GENERATION SYSTEM

A gasified-gas generation system includes: a combustor that heats a fluid medium; a gasifier into which the fluid medium heated by the combustor is introduced and which gasifies a gasification material with heat of the fluid medium so as to generate a gasified gas; and a cooling mechanism that cools the fluid medium that flows between the gasifier and the combustor. The fluid medium circulates between the combustor and the gasifier. The fluid medium and a residue of the gasification material are introduced from the gasifier into the combustor, and the combustor burns the residue to heat the fluid medium. 1. A gasified-gas generation system comprising:a combustor configured to heat a fluid medium;a gasifier into which the fluid medium heated by the combustor is introduced and which gasifies a gasification material with heat of the fluid medium so as to generate a gasified gas; anda cooling mechanism configured to cool the fluid medium flowing between the gasifier and the combustor,wherein the fluid medium circulates between the combustor and the gasifier, andthe fluid medium and a residue of the gasification material are introduced from the gasifier into the combustor, and the combustor burns the residue to heat the fluid medium.2. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling mechanism is provided at a downstream side of the gasifier claim 1 , and cools the fluid medium which flows an upstream side of the combustor.3. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 1 , comprising:a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature of the fluid medium at an inlet of the combustor; anda control unit configured to control the cooling mechanism based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit so as to cool the fluid medium to be within a preset temperature range.4. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 2 , comprising:a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature of ...

GASIFIED GAS PRODUCTION SYSTEM

A gasified gas production system of the present disclosure includes a gasification furnace which produces a gasified gas by gasifying a gasification raw material, a flow passage through which the gasified gas produced in the gasification furnace flows, a catalyst-holding unit which holds a catalyst which promotes reforming of tar included in the gasified gas inside the flow passage, and an oxidation agent supply unit which supplies an oxidation agent with a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. to the catalyst. 1. A gasified gas production system comprising:a gasification furnace which produces a gasified gas by gasifying a gasification raw material;a flow passage through which the gasified gas produced by the gasification furnace flows;a catalyst-holding unit which holds a catalyst that promotes reforming of tar included in the gasified gas inside the flow passage; andan oxidation agent supply unit which supplies an oxidation agent with a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. to the catalyst.2. The gasified gas production system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a combustion furnace which heats a fluid medium with heat generated by combusting a fuel,wherein the fluid medium heated by the combustion furnace is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace gasifies the gasification raw material with heat of the fluid medium, andwherein the oxidation agent supply unit heats the oxidation agent to a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. by performing heat exchange between a combustion exhaust gas generated by combusting the fuel in the combustion furnace and the oxidation agent.3. The gasified gas production system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a combustion furnace which heats a fluid medium with heat generated by combusting a fuel,wherein the fluid medium heated by the combustion furnace is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace gasifies the gasification raw material with heat of the fluid medium, ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING LIQUID FUEL FROM CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK THROUGH GASIFICATION AND RECYCLING OF DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 1. A method of producing jet fuel and/or diesel fuel from carbonaceous material , the method comprising:(a) providing a source of carbonaceous material;(b) after step (a), densifying said carbonaceous material;(c) after step (b), reacting the carbonaceous material with steam and carbon dioxide in an endothermic reaction to produce a product gas which includes at least some carbon dioxide;(d) after step (c), cooling the product gas in a heat exchanger;(e) after step (d), scrubbing the product gas in a scrubber;(f) after step (e), compressing the product gas;(g) after step (f), removing carbon dioxide from the product gas, and recycling at least a portion of the removed carbon dioxide as a reactant in step (c);(h) after step (g), reacting the product gas with a catalyst to produce one or more Fischer Tropsch products including tail gas;(i) after step (h), upgrading the one or more Fischer Tropsch products to produce said jet fuel and/or diesel fuel plus naphtha; andrecycling at least a portion of ...

Process for gasifying biomass and plant therefor

Ein Verfahren zur Vergasung von Biomasse (B) in einem Vergasungsreaktor (2) durch thermo-chemische Zersetzung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in einer Wasserdampfatmosphäre hat die Schritte: DOLLAR A - Verbrennung von Substanzen in einer von dem Vergasungsreaktor (2) gasdicht getrennten Verbrennungskammer (3), DOLLAR A - Zuführen von Wärmeenergie aus der Verbrennungskammer (3) in den Vergasungsreaktor (2), und DOLLAR A - Ableiten der Verbrennungsgase (A) aus der Verbrennungskammer (3) getrennt von den bei der Vergasung der Biomasse (B) erzeugten Produktgasen (P). A method for the gasification of biomass (B) in a gasification reactor (2) by thermo-chemical decomposition of hydrocarbons in a water vapor atmosphere has the steps: DOLLAR A - combustion of substances in a combustion chamber (3) separated from the gasification reactor (2) in a gas-tight manner, DOLLAR A - supply of thermal energy from the combustion chamber (3) into the gasification reactor (2), and DOLLAR A - discharge of the combustion gases (A) from the combustion chamber (3) separately from the product gases generated during the gasification of the biomass (B) (P ).

Gasifier fluidization

A method of producing synthesis gas by introducing a feed material to be gasified into a gasification apparatus comprising at least one fluidized component operable as a fluidized bed, wherein the gasification apparatus is configured to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising synthesis gas; and maintaining fluidization of the at least one fluidized component by introducing a fluidization gas thereto, wherein the fluidization gas comprises at least one component other than steam. A system for producing synthesis gas is also provided.

Supplemental fuel to combustor of dual fluidized bed gasifier

A method of gasification by introducing a feed material to be subjected to gasification into a dual fluidized bed gasifier comprising a pyrolyzer fluidly connected with a combustor such that a circulation stream comprising a heat transfer material can be continuously circulated between the pyrolyzer, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is reduced, and the combustor, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is increased, wherein the pyrolyzer is operable to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the combustor is operable to increase the temperature of the circulation stream via combustion of char introduced thereto with the circulation stream and at least one supplemental fuel. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

System and method for production of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and power

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Supplemental fuel to combustor of dual fluidized bed gasifier

A method of gasification by introducing a feed material to be subjected to gasification into a dual fluidized bed gasifier comprising a pyrolyzer fluidly connected with a combustor such that a circulation stream comprising a heat transfer material can be continuously circulated between the pyrolyzer, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is reduced, and the combustor, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is increased, wherein the pyrolyzer is operable to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the combustor is operable to increase the temperature of the circulation stream via combustion of char introduced thereto with the circulation stream and at least one supplemental fuel. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Gasifier fluidization

A system for the production of synthesis gas, including a gasification apparatus configured to convert at least a portion of a gasifier feed material introduced thereto into a gasification product gas comprising synthesis gas having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide; at least one additional apparatus selected from the group consisting of feed preparation apparatus located upstream of the gasification apparatus, synthesis gas conditioning apparatus, and synthesis gas utilization apparatus; and at least one line fluidly connecting the at least one additional apparatus or an outlet of the gasification apparatus with the at least one vessel of the gasification apparatus, whereby a gas from the at least one additional apparatus or exiting the gasification apparatus may provide at least one non-steam component of a fluidization gas. A method of utilizing the system is also provided.

Supplemental fuel to combustor of dual fluidized bed gasifier

A method of gasification by introducing a feed material to be subjected to gasification into a dual fluidized bed gasifier comprising a pyrolyzer fluidly connected with a combustor such that a circulation stream comprising a heat transfer material can be continuously circulated between the pyrolyzer, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is reduced, and the combustor, in which the temperature of the circulation stream is increased, wherein the pyrolyzer is operable to convert at least a portion of the feed material into a gasifier product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the combustor is operable to increase the temperature of the circulation stream via combustion of char introduced thereto with the circulation stream and at least one supplemental fuel. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes

Resonant tubes of a pulse combustor are immersed in a bed of solid particles in a reaction zone to provide indirect heat from the pulsating combustion gases to the solid particles of the bed. The bed is maintained in an agitated state by a gas or vapor flowing through the bed. Reactant materials are introduced into the agitated bed and undergo reaction at enhanced rates resulting from heat transfer coefficients at least about twice as high as those of steady flow combustors and an intense acoustic pressure level propagated from the pulsating combustor into the reaction zone. The apparatus is useful, for example, to steam reform heavy hydrocarbons and to gasify carbonaceous material, including biomass and black liquor to produce combustible gas at relatively low temperatures, with steam being usilized as the bed fluidizing medium. Black liquor gasification, utilizing sodium carbonate as bed solids, results in liquor energy and chemical content recovery without smelt production.

Bed materials for fluidised bed reaction methods and fluidised bed reaction methods

A particle for a fluidised bed reaction method, comprising a bed material, preferably chamotte, and a catalyst, preferably a mixture of nickel, chromium with/without zinc oxide. The bed material and the catalyst preferably makes up 100 wt% of the particle or 98% with the remainder being unavoidable impurities. The particle, which may be refractory, stable up to at least 1100°C and with a Mohs hardness of at least 6, may have a particle size of 100 microns to 2 mm. The catalyst within the particle can be 250 microns or lower, measured using a MalvernTM Mastersizer 3000. The particle can comprise 1-50 wt% of catalyst. Also described is a method of forming the particle, comprising mixing the bed material and a catalyst and then calcining the mixture. The calcination temperature may be 1200-1675°C and can occur from 4-6 hours or as flash calcination from 5 seconds to 10 minutes. The product, which can be a plurality of particles, can be ground and/or sieved. A method of oxidising fuel, by either combustion or gasification, in a fluidised bed comprising the particles is also disclosed.

Condensed combustibles recovery method

FIELD: recovery of combustible wastes. SUBSTANCE: method for recovering condensed combustibles, primarily those having high moisture content, such as solid domestic wastes, biomass wastes, mud and slime, coal by pyrolysis and gasification of organic component of wastes involves filling reactor with combustible charge which at least partially has combustible components and probably lumps of solid non-combustible material, passing gas flow through mentioned charge by feeding gasifying agent containing oxygen, steam, and carbon dioxide to reactor, and removing gaseous and liquid products of recovery in the form of producer gas from reactor wherein sequential sections of mentioned charge are sequentially held in heating, pyrolysis, coking, gasifying, and cooling zones; temperature within combustion zone is maintained between 800 and 1300 C; solid products of recovery are removed from reactor; at least part of producer gas is burned; novelty is that stack gas primarily that mixed up with air is used as gasifying agent; proportion of stack gas in gasifying agent is increased at combustion zone temperature higher than mentioned values and reduced when this temperature is lower than mentioned values. External heat is not required for recovery process. EFFECT: improved efficiency and yield of valuable products including pyrolysis resins and combustible gas. 4 cl, 1 dwg ГэЭ9чссбс ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК? ВИ” 2 152 561 ' 13) Сл Е 23 С 5/027 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 9810133503, 22.01.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 22.01.1998 (46) Дата публикации: 10.07.2000 (56) Ссылки: КУ 2079051 СЛ, 10.05.1997. КУ 2044156 СЛ, 27.09.1995. КУ 94021263 АЛ, 21.02.1996. ЕР 0498014 АД, 12.08.1992. ЕК 2104041 АЛ, 21.10.1994. (98) Адрес для переписки: 142432, Московская обл., Ногинский р-он, п.Черноголовка, ИПХФ РАН (71) Заявитель: Институт проблем химической физики РАН (72) Изобретатель: Манелис ...

生产烃组合物的方法

生产烃组合物的方法。该方法包括提供生物质原料；在氧气存在下气化该原料，产生包含一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氢气和烃类以及任选地惰性组分的气体；将该气体的氢气/一氧化碳比率单独提高到约2的值；将气体送入费托反应器中；在费托反应器中将气体中包含的至少大部分的一氧化碳和氢气转换成为包含C 4 -C 90 烃的烃组合物；和回收该烃组合物。根据本发明，在送入费托反应器之前，将新鲜外部氢气引入气体中。通过使用外部氢气进料，可以提高生物质气化方法的生产力，并且可以省去对于从一氧化碳和蒸汽生产氢气的常规水煤气转换的需要。

Biomass gasifier

Способ проведения эндотермических реакций и устройство для его осуществления

Изобретения относятся к термохимическим реакторам с косвенным нагревом и к способам проведения термохимических реакций: газификация и паровой риформинг тяжелых масел и токсичных органических веществ, регенерация черного щелока и использование энергии. Сущность изобретений: твердые частицы топлива подают в реакционную зону через средства 6 и поддерживают их в псевдоожиженном состоянии путем подачи через патрубок 8 газа или пара через слой твердых частиц. Нагревают слой твердых частиц в реакционной зоне посредством пульсирующей топки 2, имеющей камеру сгорания 3. Дополнительно вводят топливо и кислородсодержащий газ в зону пульсирующего горения и сжигают с образованием пульсирующего потока горячих газов и давления акустической волны сжатия. Подают поток горячих газов из зоны пульсирующего горения в резонансные трубы 5. Полученные в реакторе продукты выводят через патрубок 11. 2 с. и 9 з. п. ф-лы, 5 ил., 3 табл. 90$ 210с ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2 073 064 ' 13) СЛ 50 МК © 40 4 3/56 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 4743181/04, 13.02.1990 (30) Приоритет: 14.02.1989 Ц$ 310202 (46) Дата публикации: 10.02.1997 (56) Ссылки: Патент США М 4483692, кл. С 104 36, 1987. (71) Заявитель: Мануфакчуринг энд Текнолоджи Конвершн Интернэшнл, Инк. (1$) (72) Изобретатель: Момтаз Носши Мансур[Ц$]|, Канда-Свами Дурай-Свами[Ц$], Дэвид Волтер (54) СПОСОБ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ЭНДОТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретения ОТНОСЯТСЯ К термохимическим реакторам с косвенным нагревом и к способам проведения термохимических реакций: газификация и паровой риформинг тяжелых масел и ТОКСИЧНЫХ органических веществ, регенерация черного щелока и использование энергии. Сущность изобретений: твердые частицы топлива подают в реакционную зону через средства 6 и поддерживают их в псевдоожиженном состоянии путем подачи через патрубок 8 газа или пара через слой твердых частиц. Нагревают слой твердых ...

Method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification

一种通过气化处理废物的方法，该方法能回收包括能量、有价值材料如金属的有用资源，以及用作化工原料或燃料的气体。在较低的温度下，在流化床反应器中气化废物，将在流化床反应器中生成的气态物质和焦炭引入高温焚烧炉中，以及在较高的温度下，在高温焚烧炉中生产低热量气体或中热量气体。流化床反应器包括一个回转流动式流化床反应器，高温焚烧炉包括一个旋流式高温焚烧炉。

Biomass double furnace cracking and gasification technology and device

一种生物质双炉连体裂解气化工艺及其设备。该工艺利用高热容量固态颗粒作为能量载体、利用饱和水蒸汽作为氧化剂，先在500～800℃对生物质进行低温裂解，获得不含碱金属氧化物的粗合成气和焦炭；再在1200～1600℃对粗合成气和焦炭进行高温气化，获得不含焦油成份的初合成气，最后对初合成气进行冷却、除尘、脱酸和干燥处理，即可获得高品质的净合成气。其设备包括从下到上内腔连通布置的裂解炉和气化炉，循环布置的颗粒加热器、等离子炬加热器、抽风机和第一热交换器，制作饱和水蒸汽的储水箱、输水泵和第二热交换器，以及除尘器、除酸塔和干燥器。其工艺易于控制、能耗和投资低廉、冷煤气效率高、所产生合成气热值大、能根除焦油和碱金属化合物、可大型化连续生产。

Patent RU2020111784A3

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2020 111 784 A (51) МПК C10J 3/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2020111784, 27.09.2018 (71) Заявитель(и): ДЖАПАН БЛЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ КО., ЛТД. (JP) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 29.09.2017 JP 2017-191607 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 29.04.2020 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 29.10.2021 Бюл. № 31 (72) Автор(ы): ДОВАКИ Наоки (JP), КАМИУТИ Хисаси (JP), КАМЕЯМА Мицуо (JP) (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2019/065851 (04.04.2019) R U (54) Устройство газификации биомассы (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство газификации биомассы, содержащее: реактор пиролиза биомассы, имеющий вход биомассы и вход неокисляющего газа и/или вход пара; реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа, имеющий вход пара и выход реформированного газа; трубу ввода пиролизованного газа для ввода пиролизованного газа, произведенного в реакторе пиролиза биомассы, в реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа, причем труба ввода пиролизованного газа расположена между реактором пиролиза биомассы и реактором риформинга пиролизованного газа, в котором реактор пиролиза биомассы дополнительно содержит порт ввода и порт вывода для множества предварительно нагретых гранул и/или кусков и выполнен с возможностью пиролиза биомассы с использованием тепла множества гранул и/или кусков, и реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа выполнен с возможностью парового риформинга пиролизованного газа, произведенного в ходе пиролиза биомассы, при этом устройство газификации биомассы отличается тем, что: реактор риформинга пиролизованного газа дополнительно содержит вход воздуха или кислорода и осуществляет паровой риформинг с частичным сжиганием пиролизованного газа, произведенного в ходе пиролиза биомассы, с использованием воздуха или кислорода; и Стр.: 1 A 2 0 2 0 1 1 1 7 8 4 A Адрес для переписки: 191002, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 5, ООО "Ляпунов и партнеры" 2 0 2 0 ...

Process and device for the gasification of materials and or for reforming a gas, plus a high-temperature heat-exchanger for carrying out the process

내용 없음. No content.

Patent DE3430219C2

Gas generating furnace purging method and apparatus

Patent DE2742644C2

Method of gasifying solid carbonaceous substances

Indirect dual bubble fluidized gasfier

이중 유동층 간접 가스화기가 제공된다. 상기 이중 유동층 간접 가스화기는 연료를 저장하는 연료 저장부 및 상기 연료 저장부로부터 연료를 이송시키는 스크류 피더를 포함하는 연료 공급부, 상기 연료 공급부를 통해 이송받은 연료를 이용해 가스화 반응을 수 행하는 가스화 반응부 및 상기 가스화 반응부의 반응에 필요한 열원을 제공하는 연소 반응부를 포함한다. 상기 이중 유동층 간접 가스화기는 순환 유동층반응기에 비하여 설치가 낮아 제작 비용을 절감할 수 있는 효과가 있으며, 기존 이중 유동층 가스화기에 비하여 형상이 단순하여 규격 제품을 통하여 제작을 할 수 있어 제작이 용이한 효과가 있고, 단일 유동층 가스화기에 비하여 기존 이중 유동층가스화기와 같은 높은 가스화 효율을 나타낼 수 있는 효과가 있다. A dual fluidized bed indirect gasifier is provided. The dual fluidized bed indirect gasifier includes a fuel supply unit including a fuel storage unit for storing fuel and a screw feeder for transferring fuel from the fuel storage unit, a gasification reaction unit for performing a gasification reaction using the fuel transferred through the fuel supply unit, And a combustion reaction unit for providing a heat source necessary for the reaction of the gasification reaction unit. Since the dual fluidized bed indirect gasifier has a lower installation cost than the circulating fluidized bed reactor, it has the effect of reducing the manufacturing cost. Also, since the shape is simple as compared with the existing double fluidized bed gasifier, And it has the effect of exhibiting high gasification efficiency as compared with the conventional dual fluidized bed gasifier as compared with the single fluidized bed gasifier.

Method for recovery of combustible solid domestic wastes

Изобретение относится к методам переработки горючих твердых бытовых отходов (ТБО), преимущественно высоковлажных, путем пиролиза и газификации органической составляющей отходов с тем, чтобы получить углеводородные продукты пиролиза и топливный газ, которые используются для получения энергии. Метод может быть использован для экологически приемлемого и энергетически эффективного уничтожения/переработки малогорючих отходов. ТБО загружают в реактор-газификатор типа шахтной печи, возможно, совместно с твердым негорючим материалом противотоком к кислородсодержащему газифицирующему агенту и проводят в реакторе газификацию горючих компонентов ТБО. В состав газифицирующего агента вводят дымовые газы. Максимальную температуру в реакторе регулируют в пределах от 800 до 1300°С путем управления по крайней мере одним из следующих параметров: массовой доли кислорода в газифицирующем агенте a, массовой доли негорючего материала в перерабатываемых ТБО b, и массовой доли горючего материала в ТБО c, поддерживая при этом отношение A=ab/c в пределах от 0,022 до 0,1. Решаемая техническая задача: обеспечение переработки ТБО без подвода тепла извне с высокой энергетической эффективностью, высоким выходом ценных продуктов, включая смолы пиролиза и горючий газ. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. СУОбООСбГЬС ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК? ВИ” 2 450 045‘ 13) Сл Е 23 С 5/027 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 98101334103, 22.01.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 22.01.1998 (46) Дата публикации: 27.05.2000 (56) Ссылки: КУ 2079051 СЛ, 10.05.1997. КУ 94021261 АЛ, 27.02.1996. КО 94021263 АЛ, 21.02.1996. ЕР 0498014 АД, 12.08.1992. ЕК 2104041 АЛ, 21.10.1994. (98) Адрес для переписки: 142432, Московская обл., Ногинский р-н, п. Черноголовка ИПХВ РАН (71) Заявитель: Институт проблем химической физики РАН (72) Изобретатель: Манелис Г.Б., Фурсов В.П., Полианчик Е.В. (73) Патентообладатель: Институт проблем химической физики РАН (54) ...

Device for gasification of biomass

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: gasification device comprises a pyrolysis zone A biomass for heating the biomass in a nonoxidizing atmosphere or in an atmosphere of non-oxidative gas a mixture of gas and steam; The gas reforming zone for heating the gas formed in the biomass pyrolysis zone, in the presence of steam; and a plurality of preheated pellets and/or lumps 3 sequentially conveyed from the gas reforming zone in the pyrolysis zone A biomass. A biomass pyrolysis zone and the reforming gas are arranged in a one-pot 1. The gas reforming zone is located above the pyrolysis zone A biomass. Between biomass pyrolysis zone A and the zone in the reforming gas is further placed at least one spacer plate 7. EFFECT: invention allows the hydrogen gas from biomass with high thermal efficiency at low cost and intensify gasification. 11 cl, 4 tbl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 618 039 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/12 (2006.01) C10B 49/16 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) C10J 3/56 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2014150259, 13.05.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 13.05.2013 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 18.05.2012 JP 2012-114116 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 18.12.2014 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: EA 14523 B1, 30.12.2010. RU 2007108085 A, 10.09.2008. RU 2240341 С2, 20.11.2004. EP 1932898 A1, 18.06.2008. EA 201001501 A1, 29.04.2011. WO 2009047387 A1, 16.04.2009. (86) Заявка PCT: JP 2013/063288 (13.05.2013) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 6 1 8 0 3 9 (45) Опубликовано: 02.05.2017 Бюл. № 13 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЖАПАН БЛЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ КО., ЛТД. (JP) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.07.2016 Бюл. № 19 R U 02.05.2017 (72) Автор(ы): ДОВАКИ Наоки (JP), ДОВАКИ Киёси (JP), ТАКЭДА Ясуйэ (JP), ИКЭДА Хироси (JP), СУДА Косукэ (JP), КАГАЯ Фумиэ (JP), КАМИУТИ ...

Fluidized-bed process to convert solid wastes to clean energy

Fuel gasification equipment

本发明提供燃料气化设备，该设备能够将从成为产品的H 2 或CO等可燃性气体中最终分离的CO 2 气体有效用于向气化炉中供给固体燃料，从而能够稳定地向气化炉中供给固体燃料。该设备具备CO 2 气体分离循环装置，该装置从气化炉(2)中生成的气化气体中分离CO 2 气体，并将其导入向气化炉(2)供给固体燃料的供给系统中。

Patent JPS56501764A

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHEMICAL REACTIONS, METHODS FOR CONVERTING CARBONOUS MATERIALS TO PRODUCT GAS, METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING THE ENERGY AND CHEMICAL INCLUSIONS OF BLACK LIQUID, AND METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR VAPOR REFORMING HEAVY LIQUID HYDROCARBON

Resonant tubes of a pulse combustor are immersed in a bed of solid particles in a reaction zone to provide indirect heat from the pulsating combustion gases to the solid particles of the bed. The bed is maintained in an agitated state by a gas or vapor flowing through the bed. Reactant materials are introduced into the agitated bed and undergo reaction at enhanced rates resulting from heat transfer coefficients at least about twice as high as those of steady flow combustors and an intense acoustic pressure level propagated from the pulsating combustor into the reaction zone. The apparatus is useful, for example, to steam reform heavy hydrocarbons and to gasify carbonaceous material, including biomass and black liquor to produce combustible gas at relatively low temperatures, with steam being utilized as the bed fluidizing medium. Black liquor gasification, utilizing sodium carbonate as bed solids, results in liquor energy and chemical content recovery without smelt production.

Method of conducting pyrolysis

Изобретение может быть использовано в энергетике и химической промышленности. Способ осуществления пиролиза включает подачу в котел для сжигания первого исходного материала, а второй исходный материал подают в реактор пиролиза (а). В котле для сжигания из первого исходного материала получают энергию и передают ее из котла для сжигания в реактор пиролиза с помощью теплоносителя (b). Теплоноситель нагревают в котле для сжигания (с). В реакторе пиролиза из второго исходного материла получают газообразные и жидкие фракции продукта посредством быстрого пиролиза (d). Второй исходный материал смешивают с газом-носителем для получения смеси, а нагретый теплоноситель, который был нагрет в котле для сжигания, направляют в данную смесь (е). Теплоноситель прокачивают по замкнутой системе из котла для сжигания в реактор пиролиза и из реактора пиролиза в котел для сжигания через стадию разделения (f). Большинство потоков побочных продуктов, потоков остатков и потоков отходов направляют в котел для сжигания (g). Изобретение позволяет одновременно получать тепловую энергию и продукты пиролиза безопасным для окружающей среды образом. 10 з.п. ф-лы, 8 пр. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 502 779 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10B C10B C10B C10J 49/22 (2006.01) 53/02 (2006.01) 49/10 (2006.01) 3/66 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010118167/05, 08.10.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 08.10.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Валтион текниллинен туткимускескус (FI) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.11.2011 Бюл. № 32 C 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2240339 C1, 20.11.2004. WO 92/04423 A2, 19.03.1992. RU 2125585 C1, 27.01.1999. RU 2003131295 A, 10.05.2005. ПОЛИТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛОВАРЬ. / Под ред. И.Л. Кнунянца: т.3. - М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 1992, с.533-537. RU 2240341 С2, 20.11.2004. RU 2002110816 A, 27.12.2003. C 2 2 5 0 2 7 7 9 2 5 0 2 7 7 9 (45) Опубликовано: 27 ...

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

본 발명은 서로 연결된 2개의 퍼니스들을 통해 바이오매스 열분해와 가스화를 위한 방법 및 시스템이다. 본 발명의 방법은 고열용량 고체 입자를 에너지 캐리어로서 사용하고 포화 수증기를 산화제로서 사용한다. 첫째, 바이오매스는 500-800℃의 온도의 저온 열분해 퍼니스(furnace)에 노출되어 알칼리 금속 산화물이 없는 미정제 합성 가스와 코크를 얻는다. 이어서, 미정제 합성 가스와 코크는 1200-1600℃ 온도의 고온 가스화에 노출되어 타르가 없는 합성 가스를 얻는다. 최종적으로, 생성된 합성 가스는 연속적인 냉각, 분진 제거, 탈산 및 건조 공정을 거친다. 본 발명의 장치는 서로 수직으로 배치된 가스화 장치(4)와 열분해 퍼니스(6)를 구비하고, 2개의 퍼니스들의 내부 캐버티는 서로 연결되어 있으며,입자 히터(10), 플라즈마 토치 히터(11), 배기 팬(12), 주기적으로 배치된 제1 열 교환기(13), 포화 수증기를 만들기 위한 물 저장 탱크(16), 워터 펌프(15), 제2 열 교환기(14), 분진 제거기(17), 및 산 제거기(18), 및 건조기(19)를 구비한다. The present invention is a method and system for biomass pyrolysis and gasification through two furnaces connected to each other. The process of the present invention uses high thermal capacity solid particles as an energy carrier and saturated water vapor as an oxidant. First, the biomass is exposed to a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace at a temperature of 500-800 ° C to obtain crude synthetic gas and coke free of alkali metal oxides. The crude syngas and coke are then exposed to high temperature gasification at temperatures of 1200-1600 ° C to obtain a tar-free synthesis gas. Finally, the resulting syngas is subjected to successive cooling, dust removal, deoxidation and drying processes. The apparatus of the present invention comprises a gasification unit 4 and a pyrolysis furnace 6 arranged vertically to each other, the inner cavities of the two furnaces being connected to each other, and the particle heater 10, the plasma torch heater 11, An exhaust fan 12, a periodically arranged first heat exchanger 13, a water storage tank 16 for making saturated water vapor, a water pump 15, a second heat exchanger 14, a dust eliminator 17, And an acid eliminator 18, and a drier 19.

Second stage gasifier in staged gasification

A second stage gasification unit in a staged gasification integrated process (SGIP) flow scheme and operating methods are disclosed to gasify a wide range of low reactivity fuels. The inclusion of second stage gasification unit operating at high temperatures closer to ash fusion temperatures in the bed provides sufficient flexibility in unit configurations, operating conditions and methods to achieve an overall carbon conversion of over 95% for low reactivity materials such as bituminous and anthracite coals, petroleum residues and coke.

Systems and methods for quenching, gas clean up, and ash removal

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. An embodiment may include a solar thermal receiver aligned to absorb concentrated solar energy from one or more solar energy concentrating fields. A solar driven chemical reactor may include multiple reactor tubes located inside the solar thermal receiver. The multiple reactor tubes can be used to gasify particles of biomass in the presence of a carrier gas. The gasification reaction may produce reaction products that include hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas having an exit temperature from the tubes exceeding 1000 degrees C. An embodiment can include a quench zone immediately downstream of an exit of the chemical reactor. The quench zone may immediately quench via rapid cooling of at least the hydrogen and carbon monoxide reaction products within 0.1-10 seconds of exiting the chemical reactor to a temperature of 800 degrees C. or less.

Full steam gasification with carbon trapping

用于带有碳捕集的全蒸汽气化的含碳燃料气化系统包括微粉化焦炭制备系统，其包括接收固体含碳燃料、氢气、氧气和流化蒸汽并在出口处产生微粉化焦炭、蒸汽、挥发物、氢气和挥发物的脱挥发分装置。间接气化器包括容器，该容器包括接收微粉化焦炭、输送流体和蒸汽的气化室。气化室在一个或多个出口处产生合成气、灰分和蒸汽。燃烧室接收氢气和氧化剂的混合物并且燃烧氢气和氧化剂的混合物以提供用于气化和加热流入物流的热量，从而产生蒸汽和氮气。通过使难熔沙子循环将用于气化的热量从燃烧室转移到气化室。本发明的系统生产用于诸如具有CCS、CTL和多联产装置的IGCC的应用的无氮高氢合成气。

Full steam gasification for supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle system

用于超临界CO 2 电力循环系统的含碳燃料气化系统，其包括：包括挥发性物质脱除器的微粉化炭制备系统，其接收固体含碳燃料、氢气、氧气和流化蒸汽并产生微粉化炭、蒸汽、氢气和挥发性物质；间接气化器，其包括含气化室的容器，其接收微粉化炭、输送气体和蒸汽，其中气化室提供合成气、灰和蒸汽；燃烧室，其接收合成气和氧化剂并燃烧合成气和氧化剂的混合物以提供用于气化和用于加热进入物流的热量，从而产生蒸汽和CO 2 ，其中用于气化的热量通过循环耐高温砂从燃烧室转移至气化室。合成气冷却器冷却合成气和产生蒸汽。

Hot solids process selectively operable based on the type of application that is involved

A hot solids process selectively operable for purposes of generating a predetermined output based on the nature of the specific application for which the predetermined output is being produced, and wherein such specific application is designed to be pre-selected from a group of specific applications that includes a new steam generator application, a retrofit steam generator application, a CO2 capture ready Hot Solids Combustion application, a CO2 capture ready hot solids gasification application, a CO2 capture hot solids combustion application, a CO2 capture hot solids gasification application, a partial CO2 capture hot solids combustion application, and a partial CO2 capture hot solids gasification application.

Hot solids process having an output suitable for the input to a petrochemical process

A hot solids process wherein a predetermined output, which is designed to be suitable for use as an input to a petrochemical process, is capable of being generated through the use of the hot solids process. The mode of operation of such a hot solids process is designed to be such that preferably a portion of the otherwise normally unusable product output, which is produced from a petrochemical process, is designed to be utilized as an input to the hot solids process for purposes of generating from the hot solids process the predetermined output that is suitable for use as an input to a petrochemical process.

A hot solids process selectively operable for combustion purposes and gasification purposes

A hot solids process operable selectively for combustion purposes and gasification purposes wherein a pre-identified product is selected from a group of products to be generated through the use of the hot solids process. Based on the nature of the pre-identified product, which is to be generated through the use of the hot solids process, a specific fuel from which the pre-identified product is capable of being derived is selected from a group of fuels. Then, from a group of reactors there is selected a first reactor, which is operable for generating in the first reactor the pre-identified product as an output from the first reactor. Thereafter, from a group of reactors, there is selected a second reactor, which is operable for effecting in the second reactor the conversion of air and of a predetermined carrier selected from a group of carriers to produce a predefined output from the second reactor.

A hot solids process having an output suitable for the input to a petrochemical process

A hot solids process wherein a predetermined output, which is designed to be suitable for use as an input to a petrochemical process, is capable of being generated through the use of the hot solids process. The mode of operation of such a hot solids process is designed to be such that preferably a portion of the otherwise normally unusable product output, which is produced from a petrochemical process, is designed to be utilized as an input to the hot solids process for purposes of generating from the hot solids process the predetermined output that is suitable for use as an input to a petrochemical process.

Production of synthesis gas by heating oxidized biomass with a hot gas obtained from oxidation of residual products

A process for producing synthesis gas, or syngas, from biomass. The process comprises contacting biomass with oxygen, or oxygen and steam, in an amount effective to oxidize the biomass and to heat the biomass to a temperature to no greater than 750° C. At least one combustible material also is contacted with oxygen and steam to heat the at least one combustible material to a temperature of at least 1,100° C., to provide a hot gas derived from the oxidized combustible material. The latter maybe residual products derived from the process itself as char, tar, or hydrocarbons. The oxidized biomass then is contacted with the hot flue gas to heat the biomass to a temperature of at least 900° C., thereby producing synthesis gas. The synthesis gas then is recovered. Such process provides a method of providing heat for producing synthesis gas without consuming a portion of the synthesis gas to provide such heat, thereby providing an increased yield of synthesis gas.

Methane production

Methane is produced by contacting a mixture of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and hydrogen with a carbon-alkali metal catalyst at a temperature in the range between about 800°F. and about 1500°F. and at a pressure between about atmospheric and about 2000 psig. The catalyst employed may be prepared by heating an intimate mixture of coal, coal char, coke or other carbonaceous solids and an alkali metal salt, hydroxide or similar constituent. Such a catalyst promotes the methanation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and the formation of higher hydrocarbons by the Fischer-Tropsch reaction and at the same time is resistant to high temperature sintering and poisoning by sulfur compounds present in the feed gas. The catalyst can be regenerated if necessary by air oxidation.

Soak and coke

There is provided herein a method for producing hydrogen gas, comprising: sorbing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel to a gasification catalyst to form a sorbed hydrocarbon fuel; heating said sorbed hydrocarbon fuel to a first temperature for a first period of time sufficient to form coke; and gasifying said coke at a second temperature at a pressure for a second period of time in the presence of water and/or oxygen, so as to produce hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide and to regenerate said catalyst. In particular, the hydrocarbon fuel can be a liquid biomass, such pyrolysis oil, and the method can be CO 2 neutral.

Use of char particles in the production of synthesis gas and in hydrocarbon reforming

Processes for producing synthesis gas from biomass in which char particles, which are formed during the production of synthesis gas from biomass, are employed as catalysts. The char particles may be used as catalysts in a gasifier or in a thermal reformer, whereby gaseous components, formed as a result of the gasification of the biomass, such as methane, light alkyl and aromatic compounds, and phenolics, as well as tar, may be reformed and/or converted into synthesis gas.

All-steam gasification for supercritical CO2 power cycle system

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical CO2 power cycle system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying gas, and steam where the gasification chamber provides syngas, ash, and steam. A combustion chamber receives syngas and an oxidant and burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO2. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. A syngas cooler cools the syngas and generates steam and provides to a supercritical CO2 power cycle system that performs a supercritical CO2 power cycle for generating power.

Method of producing liquid fuel from carbonaceous feedstock through gasification and recycling of downstream products

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas.

All-steam gasification for supercritical CO2 cycle system

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical CO 2 power cycle system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying gas, and steam where the gasification chamber provides syngas, ash, and steam. A combustion chamber receives syngas and an oxidant and burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO 2 . The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. A syngas cooler cools the syngas and generates steam and provides to a supercritical CO 2 power cycle system that performs a supercritical CO 2 power cycle for generating power.

Integration of reforming/water splitting and electrochemical systems for power generation with integrated carbon capture

High efficiency electricity generation processes and systems with substantially zero CO 2 emissions are provided. A closed looping between the unit that generates gaseous fuel (H 2 , CO, etc) and the fuel cell anode side is formed. In certain embodiments, the heat and exhaust oxygen containing gas from the fuel cell cathode side are also utilized for the gaseous fuel generation. The resulting power generation efficiencies are improved due to the minimized steam consumption for the gaseous fuel production in the fuel cell anode loop as well as the strategic mass and energy integration schemes.

Process for the gasification of heavy residual oil with particulate coke from a delayed coking unit

A process for the production of a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide utilizes ground coke having a predetermined ash content in combination with a refinery residual hydrocarbon oil feedstream for gasification in the combustion chamber of a tubular wall membrane partial oxidation gasification reactor in the presence of a predetermined amount of oxygen; the coke and residual oil can be mixed to form a single feedstream or introduced into the reactor as separate feeds. Optionally, the product synthesis gas is introduced as the feedstream to a water-gas shift reactor to enhance the hydrogen content of the final product stream.

First stage process configurations in a 2-stage bio-reforming reactor system

Disclosed herein is an integrated plant including, in some embodiments, an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors forming a bio-reforming reactor configured to generate syngas from wood-containing biomass. A first stage of the bio-reforming reactor is configured to cause a set of chemical reactions in the biomass to produce reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components. The first stage includes a fluidized-bed gasifier, a fluidized-bed combustor, and a moving-bed filtration system, each of which includes media inputs and outputs to respectively receive and supply heat-absorbing media to another operation unit for recirculation in a media recirculation loop. The moving-bed filtration system includes a tar pre-reformer configured to capture and reform heavier tars into lighter tars for subsequent processing in one or more fuel-producing reactor trains. Fuel products produced by the one or more reactor trains have a biogenic content of between 50% and 100%.

Process for producing a hydrogen-rich product gas

Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines wasserstoffreichen Produktgases mit hohem Heizwert aus einem Ausgangsmaterial in Form von organischen Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen, bei welchem das Ausgangsmaterial in einer Pyrolysezone (2) durch Pyrolyse in einen festen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstand und Pyrolysegas als flüchtige Phase aufgespalten wird und die Pyrololysegase mit Wasserdampf als Reaktionsmittel vermischt und in einer Reaktionszone (3) derart nacherhitzt werden, dass ein Produktgas mit hohem Heizwert entsteht, wobei die für die Pyrolyse und die Nacherhitzung erforderliche Wärme zumindest zum größten Teil aus der Verbrennung der festen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstände der Pyrolyse stammt und der Anlage durch ein als Wärmeträger dienendes, im Kreislauf gefahrenes Schüttgut zugeführt wird, welches in einer Aufheizzone (13) mit den Heizgasen aus der Verbrennung der kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstände aufgeheizt wird, anschließend in der Reaktionszone (3) mit dem Gemisch aus Pyrolysegas und Wasserdampf in Kontakt gebracht wird, sodann zumindest einen Teil seiner fühlbaren Wärme in die Pyrolysezone (2) einbringt und anschließend mittels eines Schüttgutförderers (6) an den Anfang des Wärmeträgerkreislaufes zurückgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Wärmeträgerkreislauf vor der Aufheizzone (13) eine Vorheizzone (4) vorgesehen ist, in welcher das Schüttgut mit dem aus der Reaktionszone (3) kommenden, heißen Produktgas vorgeheizt wird und dabei den größten Teil von dessen Wärme aufnimmt, und dass die Wärmeübertragung vom Wärmeträgerkreislauf auf das Ausgangsmaterial in der Pyrolysestufe (2) indirekt und ohne unmittelbaren Kontakt mit dem Schüttgut über ein intermediäres, gasförmiges Heizmedium (17) erfolgt, welches in einer Abkühlzone (19) des Wärmeträgerkreislaufes aufgeheizt wird und anschließend einen Teil der aufgenommenen Wärme in der Pyrolysezone (2) über den Heizmantel eines Pyrolyseapparates an das zu pyrolisierende Ausgangsmaterial abgibt, wobei der Wärmeträ ...

Process and apparatus for the gasification of gasification fuel

Verfahren zur Vergasung von Vergasungsbrennstoff, wobei Abgas aus einem Verbrennungsofen einem Materialabscheider zugeführt und dort von Bettmaterial getrennt wird, das abgetrennte Bettmaterial und Vergasungsbrennstoff einem Vergasungsofen zugeführt werden, wobei der Vergasungsbrennstoff durch ein Fließbett unter Verwendung von Dampf zur Entnahme von brennbarem Gas vergast wird, wobei der im Vergasungsofen durch die Vergasung erzeugte brennbare Feststoffanteil zusammen mit dem Bettmaterial dem Verbrennungsofen zugeführt wird, um dadurch den brennbaren Feststoffanteil durch Luft zu verbrennen und das Bettmaterial zu erwärmen, wobei das Verfahren zur Vergasung des Vergasungsbrennstoffes folgendes umfasst: die Zufuhr des im Materialabscheider abgetrennten Bettmaterials und des Vergasungsbrennstoffes zu einer Seite im Vergasungsofen, die Zufuhr des brennbaren Feststoffanteils und des Bettmaterials im Vergasungsofen zum Verbrennungsofen durch eine Zufuhröffnung für Feststoffanteil, der an der anderen Seite des Vergasungsofens vorgesehen ist, und die Anordnung von Trennplatten im Vergasungsofen zwischen der einen und der anderen Seite zur Bereitstellung eines zickzackförmigen, gekrümmten Fließwegs mit oberen und...

Integration of syngas generation technology with fischer-tropsch production via catalytic gas conversion

一种用于生产合成燃料的系统，所述系统包括：催化双流化床(DFB)，所述催化双流化床被配置为用于由DFB原料气生产含有合成气体的DFB产物；以及费-托(FT)合成装置，所述费-托(FT)合成装置与所述催化DFB以流体方式连接，其中，所述FT合成装置包括FT合成反应器以及产物分离器，所述FT合成反应器被配置为用于由FT原料气生产FT塔顶馏出物和包含FT蜡的液态FT产物，其中，所述FT原料气包含所述DFB产物的至少一部分，所述产物分离器位于所述FT合成反应器的下游，并与所述FT合成反应器以流体方式连接，其中，所述产物分离器被配置为用于由所述FT塔顶馏出物分离出FT尾气和包含LFTL的LFTL产物。本发明还提供了生产合成燃料的方法。

Double-fluidized-bed indirect gasification device

本发明提供一种双流化床间接气化装置，该双流化床间接气化装置包括：燃料供给单元，包括用于储存燃料的燃料储存单元和用于从所述燃料储存单元输送燃料的螺杆送料机；气化反应单元，利用通过所述燃料供给单元输送的燃料进行气化反应；以及燃烧反应单元，提供所述气化反应单元的反应所需的热源。所述双流化床间接气化装置与循环流化床反应装置相比，因安装位置低而能够减少制作费用，与现有的双流化床气化装置相比，因其形状简单而可通过标准化产品来制作，因此容易制作，与单流化床气化装置相比，能够实现与现有的双流化床气化装置相同的高气化效率。

High-quality gas preparation system

本发明公开一种高品质燃气制取系统。该系统包括：热载体提升机、焦炭进料器、热载体加热炉、气体混配器、高温引风机、热载体储罐、干燥器、进料器、聚光集热型分流双管式热解气化反应器、三相分离器和焦炭收集箱。本发明采用可调聚光太阳能集热技术联合循环热载体加热法可有效解决废弃物热解气化过程所需热量要求，避免因供能所致的废弃物原料消耗，提高原料有效利用率，解决气体燃料生产过程中耗能过大、生产成本高等难题。

Autothermic method for the continuous gasification of substances rich in carbon

본 발명은 소성영역(C) 및 산화영역(D)을 구비한 수직형 공정챔버(100)에서 탄소-풍부 물질(14)의 연속 가스화를 위한 자열 방법에 관한 것으로서, 소성된 탄소-풍부 물질은 산소함유 가스로 산화되고, 가스 반응 생성물은 수직형 공정챔버(100)의 상부(G)에서 회수된다. 수직형 공정챔버는 수직형 고로(100)의 형태이며, 산화되지 않은 벌크 생성물(13)에 의해서 상부로부터 바닥부까지 순환하여 연속해서 흐름되며, 탄소풍부 물질(14)은 노의 입구(3)로 들어가기 전에 벌크 생성물(13)에 첨가되며, 산소함유 가스는 상승 가스 흐름을 이용하여 산화영역(D)내 및/또는 산화영역(D) 아래로 도입된다. 벌크 생성물이 100 ℃ 이하로 냉각되는 후냉각영역(F)은 수직형 공정챔버(100)의 하단부(4)에서 산소함유 가스의 적어도 일부를 도입하도록 배치된다. The present invention relates to a self-heating method for the continuous gasification of the carbon-rich material 14 in a vertical process chamber 100 having a firing zone (C) and an oxidation zone (D). Oxidized to an oxygen-containing gas, the gas reaction product is recovered at the top (G) of the vertical process chamber (100). The vertical process chamber is in the form of a vertical blast furnace 100 and is continually flowed from the top to the bottom by an unoxidized bulk product 13, the carbon rich material 14 being the inlet 3 of the furnace. It is added to the bulk product 13 before entering the furnace, and the oxygenous gas is introduced into the oxidation zone D and / or below the oxidation zone D using a rising gas flow. The post-cooling zone F in which the bulk product is cooled to 100 ° C. or less is arranged to introduce at least a portion of the oxygen-containing gas at the lower end 4 of the vertical process chamber 100.

Two-stage biomass gasifier having nickel distributor plate and biomass gasifier apparatus having the same

주입된 바이오매스를 외부의 열원과 상기 바이오매스 자체의 산화 열원을 이용하여 가스화하는 제1 반응기로서, 그 내부에 모래 또는 타르 분해 촉매가 충전되어 상기 외부의 열원의 기류를 따라 유동하면서 상기 바이오매스를 가스화하고 바이오챠르(bio-char)를 생성하는 제1 반응기; 상기 제1 반응기에 연통되도록 설치되어 상기 제1 반응기의 열원을 이용하며 그 내부에 탄소 흡착제가 충전되어 상기 제1 반응기에서 생성된 생성가스 내의 타르의 함량을 저감시키고 수소 생산을 증대시켜 후속 공정으로 공급하는 제2 반응기; 및 상기 제1 및 제2 반응기 사이의 연통 부위에 설치된 분배판으로서, 상기 제1 반응기 내의 상기 바이오챠르 및 상기 모래 또는 타르 분해 촉매의 상기 제2 반응기 쪽으로의 유동을 막고, 상기 제2 반응기 내의 상기 탄소 흡착제의 상기 제1 반응기 쪽으로의 유출을 막는 분배판을 포함하고, 상기 분배판은 니켈판인 것을 특징으로 하는 이중 바이오매스 가스화 반응기 및 이 가스화 반응기를 포함하는 바이오매스 가스화 장치가 개시된다. 본 발명의 이중 바이오매스 가스화 반응기 및 이를 구비하는 바이오매스 가스화 장치를 이용하면, 바이오매스로부터 경제적이면서도 효율적으로 타르 및 암모니아 함량이 최소화된 생성 가스를 얻을 수 있다. A first reactor for gasifying the injected biomass using an external heat source and an oxidizing heat source of the biomass itself, wherein a sand or tar decomposition catalyst is filled therein and flows along the air stream of the external heat source, A first reactor for gasifying and producing a bio-char; The first reactor is connected to the first reactor and uses the heat source of the first reactor. The carbon adsorbent is filled in the first reactor, thereby reducing the content of tar in the product gas generated in the first reactor and increasing the production of hydrogen. A second reactor for supplying the reactants; And a distribution plate disposed in a communicating portion between the first and second reactors, wherein the distribution plate shields the flow of the bichar and the sand or tar decomposition catalyst in the first reactor toward the second reactor, A dual biomass gasification reactor and a biomass gasification apparatus comprising the gasification reactor are disclosed, wherein the dual biomass gasification reactor comprises a distribution plate for preventing the carbon adsorbent from flowing out toward the first reactor, and the distribution plate is a nickel plate. Using the dual biomass gasification reactor of the present invention and the biomass gasification apparatus having the dual biomass ...

Plasma gasification reactor with improved carbon bed and the coke demand reduced

反应器中的碳质床包括含碳材料，所述含碳材料不是焦炭，而是包括天然木块或者砖块，所述砖块由在粘结剂中的非焦炭碳质材料以及任选的其它成分如催化剂和助熔剂形成。该床减少了在工艺(如用于合成气生产)中所需的焦炭量。这种非焦炭单元可应用于反应器中的原始碳质床，也可用于补充原始床中反应的碳。该床可在非焦炭砖块中或者所应用的其它材料中包含与气化反应器的气体反应产物分离的未气化的碳微粒物质，而其它碳质材料可能经常被认为是废料，例如来自制铝的废电解槽内衬材料以及来自气化反应器的烟灰水。某些反应器结构改进也可导致床中的碳消耗减少。

Combustible gas producer plant

Combustible gas producer (10) plant includes a fluidised bed (11) of inert particulate material to which fuel is fed for partial combustion. The bed is fluidised with steam and/or air and a combustible gas is produced by the incomplete combustion of fuel the dissociation of steam and the water gas reaction in the hot bed. At least part of the combustible gas produced is recycled and passed back into the bed. The steam may be generated by a boiler / superheater (19) through which the combustible gases exiting from the bed pass. Gas tight fuel feeding (27) and ash removal arrangements (80) are described enabling the pressure in the bed to be maintained super-atmospheric. Control of the plant is effected by an on-line microprocessor.

METHOD FOR GASIFYING CHARGE OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED YIELD

METHOD AND PROCESSING CHAIN FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION BY GASIFYING A WET LOAD OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR BIOMASS OR COAL.

L'invention concerne une chaîne de conversion thermochimique d'une charge humide de biomasse (1), par gazéification, comprenant un dispositif de gazéification (4) de la charge (3) et un réacteur (9) de conversion du CO à la vapeur comprenant des moyens d'alimentation en eau (10), pour délivrer un gaz de synthèse (17) ayant un rapport H2/CO déterminé, une enceinte de séchage (2) dans laquelle est introduite la charge humide (1) préalablement à son traitement consécutif dans le dispositif de gazéification (4), cette enceinte de séchage (2) étant alimentée par un gaz chaud (15) qui est prélevé en aval du dispositif de gazéification (4) et recyclé par des moyens de relevage de pression (13) vers l'enceinte de séchage (2). The invention relates to a thermochemical conversion line of a biomass wet load (1), by gasification, comprising a gasification device (4) for the feedstock (3) and a reactor (9) for converting CO to steam. comprising water supply means (10), for delivering a synthesis gas (17) having a determined H2 / CO ratio, a drying chamber (2) into which the wet load (1) is introduced prior to its treatment in the gasification device (4), said drying chamber (2) being fed with a hot gas (15) which is taken downstream of the gasification device (4) and recycled by pressure lifting means (13) to the drying chamber (2).

Integrated fluid coking/gasification process

FLUIDIZED BED APPARATUS IN CIRCULATION

Indirectly heated thermochemical reactor apparatus and processes

Resonant tubes of a pulse combustor are immersed in a bed of solid particles in a reaction zone to provide indirect heat from the pulsating combustion gases to the solid particles of the bed. The bed is maintained in an agitated state by a gas or vapor flowing through the bed. Reactant materials are introduced into the agitated bed and undergo reaction at enhanced rates resulting from heat transfer coefficients at least about twice as high as those of steady flow combustors and an intense acoustic pressure level propagated from the pulsating combustor into the reaction zone. The apparatus is useful, for example, to steam reform heavy hydrocarbons and to gasify carbonaceous material, including biomass and black liquor to produce combustible gas at relatively low temperatures, with steam being utilized as the bed fluidizing medium. Black liquor gasification, utilizing sodium carbonate as bed solids, results in liquor energy and chemical content recovery without smelt production.

PRODUCTION OF LIQUID FUELS BY A PROCESSING PROCESS OF A HYDROCARBONATED LOAD

The organic material is treated in five principal stages, including a Fischer-Tropsch-type synthesis to produce ultimately gaseous, naphtha, kerosene and gasoil cuts, - The process stages are as follows - (1) submission of the solid charge to gasification to convert to a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen; - (2) submission of the synthesis gas to a purification treatment including an adjustment to increase the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide to a pre-determined value; - (3) submission of the purified synthesis gas to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to obtain gaseous and liquid effluents; - (4) fractionation of the liquid effluent to obtain two selected cuts from the group of gaseous, naphtha, kerosene and gasoil cuts; and - (5) recycling of part of the naphtha cut to the first stage. - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the installation of the process.

PRODUCTION OF LIQUID FUELS BY A PROCESSING PROCESS OF A HYDROCARBONATED LOAD

L'invention concerne une installation et un procédé pour la production de carburants liquides à partir d'une charge solide contenant de la matière organique dans lequel :a) on soumet la charge solide à une étape de gazéification de manière à convertir ladite charge en gaz de synthèse,b) on soumet le gaz de synthèse à un traitement de purification,c) on soumet le gaz de synthèse purifié à une étape de conversion comportant la mise en oeuvre d'une synthèse de type Fischer-Tropsch de manière à convertir ledit gaz de synthèse en un effluent liquide et un effluent gazeux,d) on fractionne l'effluent liquide de manière à obtenir une fraction gazeuse, une coupe naphta, une coupe kérosène et une coupe gasoil, ete) on recycle au moins une portion de la coupe naphta dans l'étape a) de gazéification. The invention relates to an installation and a method for the production of liquid fuels from a solid feedstock containing organic matter in which: a) the solid feedstock is subjected to a gasification step so as to convert said feedstock into gas synthesis, b) the synthesis gas is subjected to a purification treatment, c) the purified synthesis gas is subjected to a conversion step comprising the implementation of a synthesis of the Fischer-Tropsch type so as to convert said synthesis gas into a liquid effluent and a gaseous effluent, d) the liquid effluent is fractionated so as to obtain a gaseous fraction, a naphtha cut, a kerosene cut and a diesel cut, ande) at least a portion of the gas is recycled. naphtha cut in stage a) of gasification.

Method for producing synthesis gas by gasifying a biomass in a fluidized bed

The invention relates to a method for producing synthesis gas by gasifying a biomass (2) in a fluidized bed, the biomass (2) being fed to a fluidized bed gasifier (3). In order to eliminate vapor-forming alkalis produced during the gasification, the invention provides for the synthesis gas to be brought into contact with getter ceramics (11).

METHOD FOR GASIFICATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC PRODUCTS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS CONTAINING HYDROGEN AND CARBON OXIDE

L'invention a pour objet un procédé de production de gaz contenant de l'hydrogène et de l'oxyde de carbone, par oxydation partielle de combustibles fossiles au moyen d'oxygène ou de gaz oxygénés, avec adjonction d'eau. La réaction s'effectue en présence de métaux et/ou de composés métalliques à l'état dissous et/ou en suspension. The subject of the invention is a process for the production of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by partial oxidation of fossil fuels by means of oxygen or oxygenated gases, with the addition of water. The reaction is carried out in the presence of metals and / or metal compounds in the dissolved state and / or in suspension.

METHOD FOR GASIFYING CHARGE OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED YIELD

L'invention concerne un procédé de conversion thermochimique d'une charge de matière carbonée en un gaz de synthèse en vue de produire un combustible ou un carburant, notamment un carburant liquide, ou un autre produit de synthèse, selon lequel on réalise une étape de gazéification de la charge de matière carbonée dans un réacteur (1), et on réalise une étape de nettoyage du gaz de synthèse produit par la gazéification, la vapeur d'eau (H2O) récupérée en aval de la gazéification et le dioxyde de carbone (CO2) produit par le nettoyage étant mélangés en amont du réacteur de gazéification puis injectés dans ce dernier en tant que seuls agents gazéifiants. The invention relates to a process for the thermochemical conversion of a feedstock of carbonaceous material into a synthesis gas for producing a fuel or a fuel, in particular a liquid fuel, or another synthetic product, according to which a step of gasification of the carbonaceous material charge in a reactor (1), and a step is performed for cleaning the synthesis gas produced by the gasification, the water vapor (H2O) recovered downstream of the gasification and the carbon dioxide ( CO2) produced by the cleaning being mixed upstream of the gasification reactor and then injected into the latter as sole gasifying agents.

Method and apparatus for the gasification of pulverized fuels

Integration of reforming/water splitting and electrochemical systems for power generation with integrated carbon capture

提供基本零CO 2 排放的高效发电方法和系统。形成了在产生气态燃料(H 2 、CO等)的单元与燃料电池阳极侧之间的闭合回路。在某些实施方案中，对于气态燃料产生也利用来自燃料电池阴极侧的热和含氧排出气体。该用于转化燃料的系统可包括配置用于实施氧化-还原反应的反应器。所得发电效率由于在燃料电池阳极回路中用于气态燃料生产的最小化蒸汽消耗以及战略性质量和能量集成方案而改进。

Apparatus with a circulating fluidised bed

Fluidised bed apparatus. An apparatus with a circulating fluidised bed comprises a vessel 12 containing a pair of parallel partitions 16. Between them the partitions define a drawing zone which has a lower entry and an upper exit. Separate fluid feed structures are provided, respectively, for introducing separate fluidising fluids into the vessel, for fluidising a material in the form of particles in the drawing zone, and for fluidising a material in the form of particles outside the drawing zone. Fluid exit structures 64, 68 are provided respectively for the fluidising fluids which originate from the drawing zone and from outside this zone. Application to coal gasification plants.

Process for the production of gases of given characteristics from solid and liquid fuels