СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ИСТОЧНИКА ЭНЕРГИИ В ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКОМ ЦИКЛЕ КОНВЕРСИЕЙ COИЗ СЫРЬЕВЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ УГЛЕРОД

1. Способ получения электроэнергии из сырьевого материала, содержащего углерод (С), причем указанный способ включает по меньшей мере одно повторение следующих стадий, составляющих цикл обработки:- газификации в первом так называемом газификационном реакторе (102) сухого сырьевого материала, содержащего углерод (С), газовым потоком (FGG) газификации, включающим главным образом СОпри высокой температуре, причем указанная газификация создает первый газовый поток (PFG), включающий главным образом молекулы монооксида углерода (СО);- окисления во втором так называемом окислительном реакторе (104) носителями кислорода в окисленном состоянии (МеО), причем указанные молекулы монооксида углерода (СО) присутствуют в указанном первом газовом потоке (PFG), и указанное окисление создает второй газовый поток (DFG) при высокой температуре, включающий СО, и носители кислорода в восстановленном состоянии (Ме);- активации в так называемом третьем активационном реакторе (106) указанных носителей кислорода в восстановленном состоянии (Ме) так называемым газовым потоком активации (FA), включающим элементы кислорода (О), причем указанное окисление создает носители кислорода в окисленном состоянии (МеО) и обедненный кислородом газовый поток (FAA) активации при высокой температуре; и- преобразования в электроэнергию по меньшей мере части тепловой энергии указанного обедненного кислородом газового потока (FAA) активации при высокой температуре.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что, перед стадией конверсии, часть тепловой энергии, генерированной во время газификации, передается на обедненный кислородом газовый поток активации (FAA).3. Способ по любому о РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (11) (13) 2012 137 275 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012137275/05, 08.10.2010 (71) Заявитель(и): СЕЕ-СОЛУСОЙНШ, ЭНЕРЖИЯ Э МЕЙУ АМБИЕНТЕ ЛТДА. (BR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 01.02.2010 FR 10/00377 ( ...

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИЦИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

... 1. Способ газификации углеродсодержащих материалов в газогенераторе с образованием газа, содержащего монооксид углерода, водород и деготь;причем указанный способ включает: загрузку одного или более углеродсодержащих материалов, подачу газа, содержащего молекулярный кислород, подачу метансодержащего газа и необязательно воды или водяного пара в указанный газогенератор;причем общее количество кислорода, подаваемого в указанный газогенератор, составляет более примерно 0,75 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор.2. Способ по п.1, в котором общее количество кислорода, подаваемое в указанный газогенератор, составляет примерно 0,75-3,0 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор.3. Способ по п.1, в котором указанный метансодержащий газ включает один или более газов, которые выбирают из: алканов, алкенов, алкинов, газа из органических отходов, биогаза, газа из реактора ферментативного разложения и природного газа.4.

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System using plasma heat; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Processing biomas.

Processing biomas.

PROCESSING BIOMASS

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

Processing biomas.

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Closed-loop system for growth of algae or cyanobacteria and gasification of the wet biomass

Processes, systems, and methods for producing combustible gas from wet biomass are provided. In one aspect, for example, a process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system is provided. Such a process may include growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber, moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor, heating the portion of the wet biomass under high pressure in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a total gas component, separating the gasified component into a liquid component, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component, and introducing the liquid component and non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide into the growth chamber to stimulate new wet biomass growth.

INTEGRATED METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FUEL COMPONENT FROM BIOMASS AND SYSTEM THEREFOR

Disclosed here are integrated methods and systems for producing fuel from biomass. The methods and systems pertain to gasifying a feed derived from biomass fermentate separation residue, such as corn-based distiller's grains, and producing a liquid transportation fuel component, such as aviation turbine fuel, from the gasified feed in a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. At least a portion of the waste heat from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor is supplied to a thermal process for liquefying, fermenting or distilling a biomass, or to a thermal process for separating or treating a biomass fermentate separation residue.

INTEGRATED COAL-TO-LIQUIDS PROCESS

A process for converting coal and algae feeds to liquids including converting the coal to liquids by direct liquefaction, gasifying an algae or algae residue containing biomass feed to produce syngas, converting syngas to liquids, increasing the hydrogen content of the coal feed in the direct liquefaction by supplementing it with hydrogen in the syngas produced from the algae or algae residue, producing algae by photosynthesis using CO2 produced by the direct liquefaction and gasification steps, and supplying algae or algae residue produced by hydroprocessing the algae, as the algae or algae residue feed in the gasification step.

METHOD OF TREATING AN OFF-GAS STREAM AND AN APPARATUS THEREFOR

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream (80) comprising NH3 and H2S to provide a sulphate stream (910), the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing a first off-gas stream (80) comprising NH3, H2S, CO2 and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS2; (ii) passing the first off-gas stream (80) to an incinerator (300) to oxidise NH3, H2S, and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS2 to provide a second off-gas stream (310) comprising N2, H2O, SO2 and CO2; (iii) scrubbing the second off-gas stream (310) with a first aqueous alkaline stream (380, 876a) in a caustic scrubber (350) to separate SO2 and a part of the CO2 from the second off-gas stream to provide a spent caustic stream (360) comprising carbonate and one or both of sulphite and bisulphite and a caustic scrubber off-gas stream (370) comprising N2 and CO2; and (iv) passing the spent caustic stream (360) to an aerator (900) comprising sulphur-oxidising bacteria in the presence of oxygen to biologically oxidise sulphite and bisulphite to sulphate to provide a sulphate stream (910).

BIO-FUEL PRODUCTION SYSTEM

A biological material production system having an enclosure; a plant advancer located within th enclosure, the plant advancer configured to move one or more plants from a first position to a second position in a predetermined path; and at least one harvester positionable proximate the second position and configured to remove at least a portion of the one or more plants from the plant advancer. A biofuel production system having a biological material production system a harvesting device configured to harvest the biological material as the biological material matures, at least a portion of the harvesting system being substantially within the enclosure, the harvesting system configured to extract liquid from the biological material; a fermenting device proximate the harvesting system and configured to accept and ferment the liquid from the harvesting system; and a distillation device proximate the fermenting device and configured to distill the fermented liquid.

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising adding a molecular oxygen- containing gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

PARTIAL OXIDATION OF METHANE AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS IN SYNGAS STREAMS

Oxygen is added to a raw syngas stream that contains hydrogen and CO, one or more light hydrocarbons, and that may also contain tars, produced by gasification of carbonaceous feed material, while imparting heat at a rate greater than 125 BTU per pound of oxygen added, to partially oxidize light hydrocarbons and convert tars if present to lower molecular weight products.

PARTIAL OXIDATION OF METHANE AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS IN SYNGAS STREAMS

Oxygen is added to a raw syngas stream that contains hydrogen and CO, one or more light hydrocarbons, and that may also contain tars, produced by gasification of carbonaceous feed material, while imparting heat at a rate greater than 125 BTU per pound of oxygen added, to partially oxidize light hydrocarbons and convert tars if present to lower molecular weight products.

ПЕРЕРАБОТКА БИОМАССЫ

Углеродсодержащие материалы, такие как биомасса (например, растительная биомасса, животная биомасса и биомасса бытовых отходов) или уголь перерабатываются для выработки полезных продуктов, таких как топливо, карбоновые кислоты и их эквиваленты (например, сложные эфиры и соли). Например, описаны системы, которые могут использовать сырьевые материалы, такие как целлюлозные и/или лигноцеллюлозные материалы и/или крахмалистые материалы для выработки этанола, бутанола или органических кислот (например, уксусной или молочной кислот), солей органических кислот и их смесей. При желании органические кислоты могут быть преобразованы в спирты, например, первоначальным преобразованием кислоты, соли или смеси кислот и их солей в эфир, с дальнейшей гидрогенезацией образованного эфира. Для выработки желаемого продукта могут быть использованы ацетогены или гомоацетогены, которые способны использовать сингаз из термохимического преобразования угля или биомассы.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF ENERGY IN FORMS ELECTRICITY, HEAT AND GASEOUS HYDROGEN

НОВАЯ БАКТЕРИЯ И СПОСОБЫ ЕЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ

Описан новый класс бактерии, более эффективно продуцирующей этанол путем анаэробной ферментации субстратов, содержащих монооксид углерода.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА ИЗ СЖИЖЕННОЙ БИОМАССЫ

Настоящее изобретение относится к способам получения сингаза из биомассы, предоставляющим возможность переработки предварительно обработанных биомасс с высоким содержанием сухого вещества в электроэнергию или продукты на масляной основе, такие как петрол, дизель, химические реагенты и пластмассы, посредством образования синтетического газа. Биомассы перерабатываются в водную суспензию биомассы с размером частиц и содержанием сухого вещества, подходящими для оптимальной загрузки и газификации в газогенераторе с избыточным давлением.

Device for manufacturing organic substance and method for manufacturing organic substance

PROCESS AND System of production Of a THERMODYNAMIC ENERGY SOURCE BY the CO2 CONVERSION TO CARBONACEOUS RAW MATERIALS

System of gasification to oriented gassificatore lowland temperature conun horizontally

METHODS FOR SEQUESTERING CARBON DIOXIDE INTO ALCOHOLS VIA GASIFICATION FERMENTATION

The present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for use with synthesis gas fermentation. Further, the present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for the production of alcohols from a gaseous substrate containing at least one reducing gas containing at least one microorganism.

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising adding a molecular oxygen- containing gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

BIOMASS PROCESSING

A biomass processing system is disclosed, with an algae biomass growth container and a pyrolysis reactor for pyrolysis processing of the algae biomass. A conveying apparatus links the pyrolysis reactor and the biomass growth container for conveying at least part of at least one of the pyrolysis products from the reactor to the biomass growth container for promoting algae biomass growth. The pyrolysis product is a nutrient-rich aqueous phase produced directly or indirectly through pyrolysis processing to the biomass growth container, e.g. an aqueous phase derived from the vapour products of the pyrolysis, or a char wash obtained by washing the char product of the pyrolysis.

Low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

Combined energetic utilization of biomass e.g. liquid manure for generation of current and heat, comprises parallely operating biogas plant and wood-gasification plant and injecting the produced and processed biogas into gas supply network

The method for combined energetic utilization of biomass (6) e.g. liquid manure for generation of current and heat, comprises parallely operating a biogas plant (1) and a wood-gasification plant, injecting the produced and processed biogas in the biogas plant into a gas supply network (2), and withdrawing the injected gas to another place of the gas distributor network to operate a thermal power station (3), with which current and heat are produced. A boiler for producing steam is connected downstream of the combustion plant and/or the wood gasification plant. The method for combined energetic utilization of biomass (6) e.g. liquid manure for generation of current and heat, comprises parallely operating a biogas plant (1) and a wood-gasification plant, injecting the produced and processed biogas in the biogas plant into a gas supply network (2), and withdrawing the injected gas to another place of the gas distributor network to operate a thermal power station (3), with which current and ...

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A gas conditioning system

A gas conditioning system

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

GENERATION OF HYDROGEN FROM HYDROCARBON-BEARING MATERIALS

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

INTEGRATION OF FERMENTATION AND GASIFICATION

The invention provides for the integration of a gas fermentation process with a gasification process whereby effluent downstream from the gas fermentation process is recycled to the gasification process. The invention is capable of recycling one or more effluents including biogas generated from a wastewater treatment process, tail-gas generated from the fermentation process, unused syngas generated by the gasification process, microbial biomass generated from the fermentation process, microbial biomass generated from a wastewater treatment process, crude ethanol from the product recovery process, fusel oil from the product recovery process, microbial biomass depleted water, wastewater generated from the fermentation process, and clarified water from a wastewater treatment process to a gasification process.

PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS WITH FAVOURABLE GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM CELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCKS

The present invention provides a process for producing one or more products for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process comprises treating a cellulosic feedstock, in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock. ? solids-liquid separation is subsequently conducted on the process stream comprising the extractives and solids. An aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives may be fed to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas from which one or more impurities may optionally be removed. In various embodiments the process further comprises providing a solids stream to a thermal process, A product produced or derived from the thermal process may displace a product made from fossil fuel. One or more products obtained or derived from at least one of the foregoing process steps are provided for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process enables advantaged fuel credit generation.

METHODS FOR SEQUESTERING CARBON DIOXIDE INTO ALCOHOLS VIA GASIFICATION FERMENTATION

The present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for use with synthesis gas fermentation. Further, the present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for the production of alcohols from a gaseous substrate containing at least one reducing gas containing at least one microorganism.

CLOSTRIDIUM AUTOETHANOGENUM STRAIN AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF TO PRODUCE ETHANOL AND ACETATE

A novel class of bacteria is described which has improved efficiency in the production of ethanol by anaerobic fermentation of substrates containing carbon monoxide. The exemplified bacterium,Clostridium autoethanogenum, is capable of producing ethanol and acetate at a ratio of at least 1Ø ...

HIGH ENERGY POWER PLANT FUEL, AND CO OR CO2 SEQUESTERING PROCESS

A system for producing a high hydrogen to carbon ratio fuel centered approximately around C9 treats an exhaust stream from a manufacturing plant processes. The exhaust stream is processed in a Fischer Tropsch reactor, and contains CO and/or CO2, which is sequestered, and can be a full stack exhaust stream. The Fischer Tropsch reactor is a pellet style reactor, a foam reactor, or an alpha alumina oxide foam reactor. A plasma chamber generates H2 for reacting in the Fischer Tropsch reactor. A portion of the exhaust stream is consumed in the plasma chamber. An algae reactor converts sequestered CO2 to O2. The algae is exposed to the exhaust stream to extract nutrients therefrom and augment its growth. The plasma chamber receives at a high temperature region thereof CO or CO2 that is reduced to its elemental state. The product stream and fuel are condensed and separated, and re-burned as fuel.

METHOD FOR TOTALLY GASIFYING OF GARBAGE OR WASTE

The invention relates to a method for treating garbage or waste in which the garbage or refuse is subjected to at least one compression step (14) under conditions enabling the separation thereof into a putrescible fraction (15) in the form of a moist pulp, and into a dry fraction (16) with a relative moisture of less than 20 %, then the putrescible fraction is subjected to a treatment (17) by anaerobic fermentation producing a biogas (18), characterized in that the resulting dry fraction (16) is subjected to an endothermic gasification treatment (19).

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

PROCESSING OF BIOMASS

ПРОМЫШЛЕННАЯ УСТАНОВКА, ПРОИЗВОДЯЩАЯ СВОЕ СОБСТВЕННОЕ ТОПЛИВО

Изобретение касается установки, включающей в себя блок промышленного производства, содержащий горелку, сжигающую жидкое топливо, которая генерирует газообразные продукты сгорания, содержащие СО2, отличающейся тем, что установка содержит блок получения жидкого топлива, питаемый органическим материалом, который разлагается в блоке получения с образованием указанного жидкого вещества, причем блок получения жидкого топлива содержит термохимический газификатор, разлагающий органический материал в результате его реакции с газообразным окислителем, содержащим водяной пар, или кислород, или CO2, с образованием жидкого топлива в газообразной форме.

НИЗКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ УСТАНОВКА ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ С ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНО ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫМ ГАЗИФИКАТОРОМ

Низкотемпературная система газификации, включающая горизонтально ориентированный газификатор и оптимизирующая экстракцию молекул газа из углеродосодержащего сырья, минимизируя теплопотери. Система включает множество интегрированных подсистем, которые работают вместе для превращения муниципальных твердых отходов (MSW) в электричество. Подсистемы, входящие в состав низкотемпературной системы газификации: система обработки муниципальных твердых отходов; система обработки пластмассы; горизонтально ориентированный газификатор с системой блоков поперечного переноса; система изменения состава газа; система рециркуляции тепла; система кондиционирования газа; система кондиционирования остатка; система гомогенизации газа и система управления.

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА ИЗ СЖИЖЕННОЙ БИОМАССЫ

Настоящее изобретение относится к способам получения сингаза из биомассы, предоставляющим возможность переработки предварительно обработанных биомасс с высоким содержанием сухого вещества в электроэнергию или продукты на масляной основе, такие как петрол, дизель, химические реагенты и пластмассы, посредством образования синтетического газа. Биомассы перерабатываются в водную суспензию биомассы с размером частиц и содержанием сухого вещества, подходящими для оптимальной загрузки и газификации в газогенераторе с избыточным давлением.

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ БИОМАССЫ

Изобретение относится к способу переработки биомассы и продуктов переработки. Заявлен способ обработки биомассы для производства продукта, содержащего спирт, карбоновую кислоту, соль карбоновой кислоты, эфир карбоновой кислоты или смеси любого из этого, в котором: обрабатывают биомассу излучением, разрушением ультразвуком или их комбинацией, получая, таким образом, обработанную биомассу, и превращают как минимум часть обработанной биомассы путем приведения в контакт обработанной биомассы с микроорганизмом, вырабатывая, таким образом, продукт, содержащий один или несколько спиртов, карбоновых кислот, солей карбоновых кислот, эфиров карбоновых кислот или их смеси и дополнительно гидрогенизируют продукт для выработки спирта или дополнительно собирают весь образованный диоксид углерода и/или освобожденный лигнин.

At the same time of producing electrical energy, heat energy in the form of method and apparatus and hydrogen

바이오매스의 가공처리방법

... 바이오매스(예컨대, 식물 바이오매스, 동물 바이오매스 및 도시 폐 바이오매스) 혹은 석탄 등과 같은 탄소-함유 재료는 연료, 카복실산 및 그의 등가물(예컨대, 에스터 및 염류) 등과 같은 유용한 생성물을 생산하도록 가공처리된다. 예를 들어, 셀룰로스 재료 및/또는 리그노셀룰로스 재료 및/또는 전분 재료 등과 같은 공급원료 재료를 이용해서 에탄올, 뷰탄올 혹은 유기산(예컨대, 아세트산 혹은 락트산), 유기산의 염 혹은 이들의 혼합물을 생산할 수 있는 시스템이 기재되어 있다. 필요한 경우, 유기산은, 예를 들어, 우선 산, 염, 혹은 산과 그의 염과의 혼합물을 에스터로 전환시키고 나서, 형성된 에스터를 수소화시킴으로써, 알코올로 전환될 수 있다. 석탄 혹은 바이오매스의 열화학적 전환으로부터 합성가스를 이용할 수 있는 아세토젠 혹은 호모아세토젠은 소망의 생성물을 생성하기 위하여 이용될 수 있다.

METHOD FOR SYNGAS-PRODUCTION FROM LIQUEFIED BIOMASS

The present invention relates to methods for syngas-production from biomass enabling the conversion of pre-treated biomasses having a high dry-matter content into electricity or oil-based products such as petrol, diesel, chemicals and plastics through the formation of syngas. The biomasses are converted into a biomass slurry having a suitable particle size and dry-matter content for optimal feeding and gasification in a pressurised gasifier.

METHOD FOR TOTALLY GASIFYING OF GARBAGE OR WASTE

The invention relates to a method for treating garbage or waste in which the garbage or refuse is subjected to at least one compression step (14) under conditions enabling the separation thereof into a putrescible fraction (15) in the form of a moist pulp, and into a dry fraction (16) with a relative moisture of less than 20 %, then the putrescible fraction is subjected to a treatment (17) by anaerobic fermentation producing a biogas (18), characterized in that the resulting dry fraction (16) is subjected to an endothermic gasification treatment (19).

INTEGRATED METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FUEL COMPONENT FROM BIOMASS AND SYSTEM THEREFOR

Disclosed here are integrated methods and systems for producing fuel from biomass. The methods and systems pertain to gasifying a feed derived from biomass fermentate separation residue, such as corn-based distiller's grains, and producing a liquid transportation fuel component, such as aviation turbine fuel, from the gasified feed in a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. At least a portion of the waste heat from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor is supplied to a thermal process for liquefying, fermenting or distilling a biomass, or to a thermal process for separating or treating a biomass fermentate separation residue.

GASIFICATION OF BIOSLUDGE

L'invention concerne un procédé visant à réduire la quantité élevée d'eau intracellulaire contenue par les parois cellulaires de cellules bactériennes d'une boue biologique déshydratée, par élimination de l'eau intracellulaire au cours d'une opération de dénaturation. Cette opération comporte les étapes consistant à chauffer la boue biologique (2) à une température (4) suffisante pour affaiblir les parois cellulaires bactériennes ; exposer ensuite les parois cellulaires affaiblies à une pression réduite (8) suffisante pour former de la vapeur à l'intérieur de la cellule, rompre ainsi les parois cellulaires affaiblies et permettre de libérer l'eau intracellulaire. La boue biologique concentrée à teneur réduite en eau (24) peut ensuite servir de source de combustible dans une réaction d'oxydation partielle en vue de la production de gaz de synthèse.

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

Hybrid bio-thermal liquefaction

A hybrid bio-thermal liquefaction process for improved carbonaceous liquefaction to produce alcohol containing fuels wherein an organic carbonaceous feed is subjected to active fermentation producing alcohol containing liquid fuel product and fermentation residue, the fermentation residue being introduced into a thermochemical converter and at least a substantial portion of the organic carbon component of the residue converted under elevated temperature conditions producing thermochemical converter products and thermochemical residue with a portion of at least one of the thermochemical products or their derivatives, or thermochemical residue being passed to the fermentation reactor. The process provides high overall process energy efficiencies and utilizes the total agricultural biomass crop thereby greatly reducing waste disposal problems. The alcohol content (ethanolmethanol) of the liquid fuels produced can be increased by utilization of embodiments of the process emphasizing thermochemical ...

METHODS FOR SEQUESTERING CARBON DIOXIDE INTO ALCOHOLS VIA GASIFICATION AND FERMENTATION

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА ИЗ СЫРЬЕВОГО МАТЕРИАЛА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО УГЛЕРОД

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing hydrogen from carbonaceous raw material and steam. The method includes gasification of raw material with a gas stream which includes carbon dioxide at high temperature and oxygen to obtain a first gas stream containing carbon monoxide molecules and hydrogen molecules; oxidising the first gas stream with oxygen carriers in an oxidised state and an oxygen stream to obtain a second gas stream at high temperature, which includes carbon dioxide, oxygen carriers in a reduced state and excess heat energy; activating the oxygen carriers in a reduced state with an activation gas stream which includes steam at high temperature to obtain oxygen carriers in an oxidised state, a third gas stream which includes hydrogen and excess heat energy. A system for carrying out the method comprises a gasification reactor, an oxidation reactor and an activation reactor. EFFECT: invention provides efficient self-contained production of hydrogen, reduces the negative impact on the environment and reduces power consumption. 13 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 559 511 C2 (51) МПК C01B 3/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012137273/05, 17.01.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 17.01.2011 (72) Автор(ы): БЕНСАКРИА Аммар (FR), ГИОМАРК Раймон Франсуа (FR) 01.02.2010 FR 10/00379 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.03.2014 Бюл. № 7 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): СЕЕ - СОЛУСОЙНШ, ЭНЕРЖИЯ Э МЕЙУ АМБИЕНТЕ ЛТДА. (BR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (45) Опубликовано: 10.08.2015 Бюл. № 22 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 03.09.2012 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 5 9 5 1 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2005/0175533 A1, 11.08.2005. US 4343624 A, 10.08.1982. WO 2008/097691 A1, 14.08.2008. RU 2165388 C1, 20.04.2001 2 5 5 9 5 1 1 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO ...

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: this invention is referred to the method for gasification of carbon-containing materials with production of synthetic gas. The method for gasification of carbon-containing materials in gas generator includes loading of carbon-containing materials to gas generator, delivery of gas containing molecular oxygen, delivery of methane-containing gas and water optionally; at that total quantity of supplied oxygen varies from 0.75 up to 3.0 pounds per pound of total quantity of carbon loaded to gas generator; thereat in gas generator carbon-containing ash is received, and the above ash contains less than 5% of carbon; and gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and tar is generated; further the above gas is treated at temperature of 954-1927°C in presence of molecular oxygen with generation of raw synthetic gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon in synthetic gas. The produced raw synthetic gas contains less than 8 g of carbon in synthetic gas per standard cubic meter of the produced raw synthetic gas. EFFECT: invention allows development of method for synthetic gas manufacturing with maximum generation of energy or chemical products at maintained low quantity of unreacted carbon and carbon black in crude synthetic gas and carbon in ash. 9 cl, 6 dwg, 3 tbl, 47 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 570 880 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/16 (2006.01) C10J 3/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01) C12P 7/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012147913/05, 11.04.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.04.2011 (72) Автор(ы): СУТРАДХАР Бхагиа Чандра (US), КО Чиг-Ван (US) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИНЕОС ЮЭсЭй ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.05.2014 Бюл. № 14 R U 13.04.2010 US 12/798,831 (45) Опубликовано: 10.12.2015 Бюл. № 34 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: ...

Method for storing carbon-dioxide separated from e.g. exhaust gas in e.g. power plant, involves pumping of combination of biomass bound carbon-dioxide and residual carbon-dioxide into earth reservoirs

The method involves separating carbon-dioxide from exhaust gas. Residual gas containing carbon-dioxide or separated carbon-dioxide gas is partly led into a biomass reactor (2) i.e. mobile device, for fertilization of an aquatic plant culture or a semi-hydroponic culture in such a manner that a combination of a biomass bound carbon-dioxide and the residual carbon-dioxide is pumped into earth reservoirs. The biomass reactor is placed in vicinity of a bore hole (4) of an earth reservoir (5) for compressing the carbon-dioxide. The aquatic plant culture comprises a biomass plant such as lemnaceae, semi-cultivated plant, hydroponic plant and algae. An independent claim is also included for a device for storing carbon-dioxide separated from exhaust gas or flue gas in combustion, production and power plants.

PROCEDURE FOR SYNGASPRODUKTION FROM LIQUEFIED BIOMASS

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

Method for syngas-production from liquefied biomass

The present invention relates to methods for syngas-production from biomass enabling the conversion of pre-treated biomasses having a high dry-matter content into electricity or oil-based products such as petrol, diesel, chemicals and plastics through the formation of syngas. The biomasses are converted into a biomass slurry having a suitable particle size and dry-matter content for optimal feeding and gasification in a pressurised gasifier.

Closed-loop system for growth of algae or cyanobacteria and gasification of the wet biomass

SYSTEM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION

A system for hydrogen production and carbon sequestration includes a carbon-containing material source; a water source; a molten salt gasification reactor configured to receive a carbon-containing material, water, and a mixture of molten salts, and where in the molten salt gasifier reactor is configured to produce a gaseous stream comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide; and an algae growth unit configured to receive the carbon dioxide.

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising adding a molecular oxygen- containing gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

A LOW TEMPERATURE GASIFICATION FACILITY WITH A HORIZONTALLY ORIENTED GASIFIER

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System. © KIPO & WIPO 2009 ...

NOVEL BACTERIA AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

A novel class of bacteria is described which has improved efficiency in the production of thanol by anaerobic fermentation of substrates containing carbon monoxide.

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising adding a molecular oxygen-containing gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

Method and Apparatus for Reducing CO2 in a Stream by Conversion to a Syngas for Production of Energy

A system and method for producing Syngas from the CO 2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO 2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: this invention is referred to the method for gasification of carbon-containing materials with production of synthetic gas. The method for gasification of carbon-containing materials in gas generator includes loading of carbon-containing materials to gas generator, delivery of gas containing molecular oxygen, delivery of gaseous carbon dioxide and water optionally; at that total quantity of supplied oxygen varies from 0.75 up to 3.0 pounds per pound of total quantity of carbon loaded to gas generator; thereat in gas generator carbon-containing ash is received, and the above ash contains less than 10% of carbon; and gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and tar is generated; further the above gas is treated at temperature of 954-1927°C in presence of molecular oxygen with generation of raw synthetic gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon in synthetic gas. The produced raw synthetic gas contains less than 8 g of carbon in synthetic gas per standard cubic meter of the produced raw synthetic gas. EFFECT: invention allows development of method for synthetic gas manufacturing with maximum generation of energy or chemical products at maintained low quantity of unreacted carbon and carbon black in crude synthetic gas and carbon in ash. 8 cl, 10 dwg, 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 570 879 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/16 (2006.01) C10J 3/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01) C12P 7/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012147911/05, 11.04.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.04.2011 (72) Автор(ы): СУТРАДХАР Бхагиа Чандра (US), КО Чин-Ван (US) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИНЕОС ЮЭсЭй ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.05.2014 Бюл. № 14 R U 13.04.2010 US 12/798,871 (45) Опубликовано: 10.12.2015 Бюл. № 34 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 13.11. ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ИСТОЧНИКА ЭНЕРГИИ В ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКОМ ЦИКЛЕ КОНВЕРСИЕЙ СОИЗ СЫРЬЕВЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ УГЛЕРОД

FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to generate electric power from feed stock containing carbon, specifically from coal and/or dry biomass. Method of power generating from feed stock containing carbon includes stage of dry feed stock gasification in the gasification reactor by gas flow mainly containing CO 2 , at high temperature with generation of the first gas flow mainly containing molecules of carbon monoxide; oxidation in oxidating reactor by oxygen carriers in oxidized condition (MeO) at high temperature with generation of the second gas flow containing CO 2 and oxygen carriers in restored condition (Me); activation in activation reactor of the oxygen carriers in restored condition by the activation gas flow containing oxygen components, and with creation of the oxygen lean activation gas flow; and conversion of thermal energy part of the activation flow in the electric power. EFFECT: invention generates electric power from biomass containing carbon, and creation of the valuable product of common energy to supply the electric power generating system, such as turbine alternator. 15 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10J 3/00 C01B 3/32 B01J 12/00 B01J 23/00 C10J 3/46 (13) 2 553 289 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012137275/05, 08.10.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 08.10.2010 (72) Автор(ы): ГИОМАРК Раймон Франсуа (FR), БЕНСАКРИА Аммар (FR) 01.02.2010 FR 10/00377 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.03.2014 Бюл. № 7 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): СЕЕ-СОЛУСОЙНШ, ЭНЕРЖИЯ Э МЕЙУ АМБИЕНТЕ ЛТДА. (BR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (45) Опубликовано: 10.06.2015 Бюл. № 16 2 5 5 3 2 8 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2008078122 A1, 03.04.2008. US 2008134579 A1, 12.06.2008. RU 2175075 C2, 20.10.2001. RU 2287010 C2, 10.11.2006. RU 2373259 C1, 20.11. ...

СТРУКТУРНАЯ СХЕМА И СПОСОБ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ БЕЗОПАСНОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ОТХОДОВ И БИОМАССЫ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ И ТЕПЛА

FIELD: ecology; waste processing and recycling. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method and structural scheme of environmentally safe processing of wastes and biomass to increase efficiency of electric power and heat generation. According to structural scheme of invention solid household and industrial wastes and biomass are loaded and crushed, then subjected to pyrolysis and gasification. Obtained pyrolysis gas is cooled, purified and carbon dioxide is extracted therefrom, then purified pyrolysis gas is compressed and stored along with synthesis gas, which are used to generate electric power and heat, and generated electric power and heat are supplied to external consumers. Heat formed when cooling pyrolysis gas is then used to generate additional electric power. During pyrolysis and gasification there is melting and formation of basalt-like slag, which is processed and used to produce heat-insulating materials or granulated slag. Carbon dioxide, extracted from exhaust gases formed during production of electric power and heat, is compressed, stored together with carbon dioxide extracted from pyrolysis gas, and after distribution and dispensing, on one side, is supplied as plasma-forming gas into plasmatrons, on other side, is used for production of commercial products from carbon dioxide for external consumers, on third side is used as a feed medium for growth of algae. Seed material is loaded and algae is grown using sources of light and heat and carbon dioxide. Produced biodiesel is cleaned, stored and simultaneously with purified pyrolysis gas is used to produce electric power and heat, and biomass squeeze is returned to beginning of process. Biomass and oil from algae obtained when producing liquid biofuel, as commercial positions, are supplied to external consumers. Furthermore, in order to expand range of processed wastes simultaneously with beginning of process, coal dust is loaded, then synthesis gas is generated using heat, followed by compression of ...

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

... 1. Способ газификации углеродсодержащих материалов в газогенераторе с образованием газа, содержащего монооксид углерода, водород и деготь;причем указанный способ включает: загрузку одного или более углеродсодержащих материалов, подачу газа, содержащего молекулярный кислород, подачу газообразного диоксида углерода и необязательно воды в указанный газогенератор;причем общее количество кислорода, подаваемого в указанный газогенератор, составляет более примерно 0.75 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор.2. Способ по п.1, в котором общее количество кислорода, подаваемого в указанный газогенератор, составляет примерно 0.75-3.0 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор.3. Способ по п.1, в котором один или более указанных углеродсодержащих материалов выбирают из следующих углеродсодержащих материалов:углеродсодержащие жидкие продукты, углеродсодержащие жидкости, направляемые на повторную промышленную обработку, углеродсодержащие ...

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Method of treating an off-gas stream and an apparatus therefor

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream (80) comprising NH ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro- organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN FROM CARBONACEOUS RAW MATERIAL

INDUSTRIAL DEVICE MANUFACTURING ITS OWN FUEL

BIOFUEL PROCESSING SYSTEM

According to one embodiment, a biofuel processing system includes a biomass conversion system, a gasification reactor and/or a pyrolysis reactor, and a synthetic fuel creation system. The biomass conversion system uses a biological process to create a low- molecular-weight hydrocarbon stream from a biomass. The reactor generates heat and hydrogen using fresh biomass or undigested biomass from the biomass conversion system in which a portion of the heat is used by the biomass conversion system. The synthetic fuel creation system converts the low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon stream from the biomass conversion system and/or the reactor to liquefied fuel using another portion of heat from the reactor.

METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising: adding one or more carbonaceous materials, adding a molecular oxygen-containing gas, adding carbon dioxide gas and optionally adding water into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS WITH FAVOURABLE GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM CELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCKS

The present invention provides a process for producing one or more products for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process comprises treating a cellulosic feedstock, in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock. A solids-liquid separation is subsequently conducted on the process stream comprising the extractives and solids. An aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives may be fed to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas from which one or more impurities may optionally be removed. In various embodiments the process further comprises providing a solids stream to a thermal process. A product produced or derived from the thermal process may displace a product made from fossil fuel. One or more products obtained or derived from at least one of the foregoing process steps are provided for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process enables advantaged fuel credit generation.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING A SOURCE OF THERMODYNAMIC ENERGY BY CO2 CONVERSION FROM CARBON-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS

The invention constitutes a process and system to generate electricity from the conversion of CO2 over carbon-containing raw material. It comprises steps of gasification of the raw material containing carbon by means of a gaseous flow essentially containing CO2, wherein the oxidation of the gaseous flow obtained after the gasification by oxygen holders and the oxidation of deactivated oxygen holders as obtained. The process allows to give value to the global energy as generated by the set of these steps to feed an electricity generating system, such as a turboalternator. The invention also corresponds to a system to perform such a process.

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: method for gasification of carbon-containing materials in gas generator includes loading of carbon-containing materials to the gas generator, delivery of gas containing molecular oxygen and water optionally. Total quantity of supplied oxygen varies from 0.75 up to 3.0 pounds per pound of total quantity of carbon loaded to the gas generator. Ash containing carbon is received in the gas generator, whereat the above ash contains less than 10% of carbon in ash; and gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated; further the above gas is treated at temperature of 954°C-1927°C in presence of molecular oxygen with generation of crude synthetic gas containing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon. The obtained crude synthetic gas contains per 0.227kg of carbon less per 28.3 standard m 3 of the obtained crude synthetic gas. EFFECT: invention allows development of method for synthetic gas manufacturing with maximum generation of energy or chemical products at maintained low quantity of unreacted carbon and carbon black in crude synthetic gas and carbon in ash. 18 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 568 721 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/16 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) C10J 3/72 (2006.01) C12P 7/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012147912/05, 11.04.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.04.2011 (72) Автор(ы): СУТРАДХАР Бхагиа Чандра (US), КО Чин-Ван (US) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИНЕОС ЮЭсЭй ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.05.2014 Бюл. № 14 R U 13.04.2010 US 12/798,852 (45) Опубликовано: 20.11.2015 Бюл. № 32 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 13.11.2012 2 5 6 8 7 2 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 3607157 А, 21.09.1971. WO 2006128285 А1, 07.12.2006. RU 2099393 C1, 20.12.1997. KZ 21212 A4, 15.05.2009. BY ...

СПОСОБЫ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

... 1. Способ газификации углеродсодержащих материалов в газогенераторе с образованием газа, содержащего монооксид углерода, водород и деготь;причем указанный способ включает: загрузку одного или более углеродсодержащих материалов, подачу газа, содержащего молекулярный кислород, и необязательно воды в указанный газогенератор;причем общее количество кислорода, подаваемого в указанный газогенератор, составляет более примерно 0.75 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор.2. Способ по п.1, в котором общее количество всего кислорода, подаваемого в указанный газогенератор, составляет примерно 0.75-3.0 фунта на фунт общего количества углерода, загруженного в указанный газогенератор3. Способ по п.1, включающий подачу воды в указанный газогенератор.4. Способ по п.1, включающий подачу водяного пара непосредственно в указанный газогенератор.5. Способ по п.1, включающий подачу воды частично путем подачи водяного пара непосредственно в указанный газогенератор.6. Способ ...

ЧАСТИЧНОЕ ОКИСЛЕНИЕ МЕТАНА И ВЫСШИХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ В ПОТОКАХ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

... 1. Способ обработки синтез-газа, включающий(A) создание потока сырого синтез-газа, получаемого посредством газификации углеродистых исходных материалов, где поток сырого синтез-газа может необязательно содержать смолы и содержать водород и CO, а также один или несколько легких углеводородов, выбранных из группы, состоящей из метана, углеводородов, содержащих 2 или 3 атома углерода, и их смеси;(B) добавление кислорода в поток сырого синтез-газа, при этом в поток сырого синтез-газа подается тепло при скорости, большей чем 125 БТЕ на фунт добавляемого кислорода (293 кДж/кг), и частичное окисление одного или нескольких указанных легких углеводородов для увеличения количества водорода и CO в синтез-газе, в то же время преобразуя смолы, если они присутствуют, в более низкомолекулярные продукты, включая водород и CO.2. Способ по п.1, в котором стадия (B) включает смешивание топлива и кислорода и горение части кислорода в смеси с указанным топливом с образованием потока горячего окислителя, который ...

СТРУКТУРНАЯ СХЕМА И СПОСОБ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ БЕЗОПАСНОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ОТХОДОВ И БИОМАССЫ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ И ТЕПЛА

1. Структурная схема экологически безопасной переработки отходов и биомассы для повышения эффективности производства электроэнергии и тепла, в которой содержится блок плазменной переработки отходов и биомассы (54), содержащий первый вход утилизации твердых коммунальных и твердых промышленных отходов (1) и второй вход утилизации биомассы (2), которые также являются первым и вторым входами устройства загрузки и измельчения отходов (3); блок плазменной переработки отходов и биомассы (54) также содержит, по крайней мере, один плазменный конвертер (4), одно устройство очистки пиролизного газа (6), первое устройство компримирования (8), первый газгольдер (9); по крайней мере, один выход устройства загрузки и измельчения отходов (3) подключен к первому входу, по крайней мере, одного плазменного конвертера (4); второй выход, по крайней мере, одного плазменного конвертера (4) подключен к входу блока переработки базальтоподобного шлака (13); выход первого устройства компримирования (8) соединен с первым входом первого газгольдера (9); выход первого газгольдера (9) является также вторым выходом блока плазменной переработки отходов и биомассы (54), который связан со вторым входом топливного регулятора (25) парогазотурбинного блока (56), который также является вторым входом парогазотурбинного блока (56); первый выход водогрейного котла-утилизатора (5) является также первым выходом тепла (А) блока плазменной переработки отходов и биомассы (54), который связан с третьим входом парогазотурбинного блока (56), который также является третьим входом котла-утилизатора (32) парогазотурбинного блока (56); парогазотурбинный блок (56) содержит, по крайней мере, одну газовую турбину (26), содержащую компрессор (27), РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 119 131 A (51) МПК F23G 5/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015119131, 04.03.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): ИНТ-ЭНЕРГИА КФТ. (HU), ОКФТ КФТ. (HU) Приоритет(ы): (30) ...

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF ENERGY IN THE FORMS ELECTRICITY, HEAT AND HYDROGEN GAS

Abstract Method and device for sustainable, simultaneous production of energy in the forms electricity, hydrogen gas and heat from a carbonaceous gas, the method comprising: i. continuously dividing a feed charge of carbonaceous gas into a first feed gas flow and a second feed gas flow, ii. charging the first feed gas flow to a primary SOFC to produce electricity and heat and CO2, iii. charging the other feed gas flow, to a hydrogen gas forming reactor system to produce hydrogen and CO2, iv. heating the hydrogen gas forming system at least partially by heat developed in at least one SOFC, v. optionally capturing the CO2 formed in the primary SOFC by burning the "afterburner" gases in pure oxygen and drying the exhaust gas, vi. capturing the CO2 formed in the hydrogen gas forming reactor system by use of an absorbent.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

A GASIFICATION FACILITY WITH A HORIZONTAL GASIFIER AND A PLASMA REFORMER

A gasification facility comprising a gasifier and plasma reformulation system is provided. The facility is configured to perform optimized processes comprising generating a raw offgas and/or syngas from carbonaceous feedstock and processes for converting the raw offgas and/or syngas to a plasma reformulated gas.

INDUSTRIAL DEVICE MANUFACTURING ITS OWN FUEL

L'invention concerne un dispositif comprenant une unité de fabrication industrielle comprenant un brûleur brulant un fluide combustible, ladite unité générant des fumées de combustion contenant du CO2, et une unité de production dudit fluide combustible alimentée en matière organique, ladite matière organique étant décomposé dans ladite unité de production en ledit fluide. L'invention concerne aussi le procédé industriel utilisant le dispositif.

ЧАСТИЧНОЕ ОКИСЛЕНИЕ МЕТАНА И ВЫСШИХ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ В ПОТОКАХ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА

FIELD: gas industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing carbon-containing materials. Gasification of the biomass is performed. Raw synthesis gas flow 5 is obtained. Raw synthesis gas flow 5 comprises resins, hydrogen and CO, as well as one or more light hydrocarbons selected from a group consisting of methane, hydrocarbons containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof. Hot oxidizer flow is obtained by part of oxygen 7 burning mixed with fuel 9. Obtained hot flow of the oxidizer is introduced into raw synthesis gas flow 5. Partial oxidation of one or more of the specified light hydrocarbons is performed to increase the amount of hydrogen and CO in the synthesis gas and the resins are converted into lower-molecular products, including hydrogen and CO. EFFECT: invention allows to accelerate reforming kinetics and increase efficiency of the reformer at conversion of resin and methane into synthesis gas. 8 cl, 5 dwg, 3 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 600 373 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) C01B 3/36 (2006.01) C10K 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013155468/05, 11.05.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.05.2012 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.06.2015 Бюл. № 18 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ПРАКСАЙР ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ, ИНК. (US) (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 16.12.2013 C 2 C 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2006/0101715 А1, 18.05.2006;RU 2404117 С2, 20.11.2010;US 4515604 A, 07.05.1985; CA 1311923 C, 29.12.1992;WANG et al, Performance optimization of two-staged gasification system for woody biomass, Fuel Processing Technology, March 2007, v.88, issue 3, abstract. (86) Заявка PCT: 2 6 0 0 3 7 3 US 2012/037562 (11.05.2012) R U 2 6 0 0 3 7 3 (45) Опубликовано: 20.10.2016 Бюл. № 29 R U 16.05.2011 US 61/486,486; 10.05.2012 US 13/468,189 (72) Автор ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА ИЗ СЫРЬЕВОГО МАТЕРИАЛА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО УГЛЕРОД

1. Способ получения водорода (Н) из сухого углеродсодержащего сырьевого материала (MPCS), причем указанный способ отличается тем, что включает по меньшей мере одно повторение следующих стадий:- газификации в первом так называемом газификационном реакторе (102) углеродсодержащего сырьевого материала (MPCS) газовым потоком газификации (FGG), включающим главным образом СОпри высокой температуре и кислород (О), причем указанная газификация создает первый газовый поток (PFG), включающий главным образом молекулы монооксида углерода (СО) и, возможно, молекулы Н;- окисления во втором так называемом окислительном реакторе (104) носителями кислорода в окисленном состоянии (МеО) и потоком кислорода, причем указанные молекулы монооксида углерода (СО) и молекулярного водорода (Н) присутствуют в указанном первом газовом потоке (PFG), причем указанное окисление создает второй газовый поток (DFG) при высокой температуре, включающий СО, носители кислорода в восстановленном состоянии (Ме), и избыток тепловой энергии;- активации в третьем так называемом активационном реакторе (106) указанных носителей кислорода в восстановленном состоянии (Ме) газовым потоком активации (FA), включающим главным образом водяной пар (НО) при высокой температуре, причем указанная активация создает носители кислорода в окисленном состоянии (МеО), третий газовый поток (FGH), включающий водород (Н), и избыток тепловой энергии.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он включает, с одной стороны, применение тепловой энергии указанного второго газового потока (DFG) и/или указанного избытка тепловой энергии указанных окисления/активации для получения по меньшей мере части указанног

Method of treating an off-gas stream and an apparatus therefor

The present invention provides a method of treating an off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 and H 2 S to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ), the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing a first off-gas stream ( 80 ) comprising NH 3 , H 2 S, CO 2 and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 ; (ii) passing the first off-gas stream ( 80 ) to an incinerator ( 300 ) to oxidise NH 3 , H 2 S, and optionally one or more of HCN, COS and CS 2 to provide a second off-gas stream ( 310 ) comprising N 2 , H 2 O, SO 2 and CO 2 ; (iii) scrubbing the second off-gas stream ( 310 ) with a first aqueous alkaline stream ( 380, 876 a ) in a caustic scrubber ( 350 ) to separate SO 2 and a part of the CO 2 from the second off-gas stream to provide a spent caustic stream ( 360 ) comprising carbonate and one or both of sulphite and bisulphite and a caustic scrubber off-gas stream ( 370 ) comprising N 2 and CO 2 ; and (iv) passing the spent caustic stream ( 360 ) to an aerator ( 900 ) comprising sulphur-oxidising bacteria in the presence of oxygen to biologically disc sulphite and bisulphite to sulphate to provide a sulphate stream ( 910 ).

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

System and Method for Processing Alternate Fuel Sources

An energy conserving wastewater treatment system capable of being fueled by alternate fuel sources comprises a synthesis gas generator that produces synthesis gas from a fuel and an organic waste digester that produces biogas. A combined synthesis gas and biogas storage reservoir that is in communication with both the synthesis gas generator and the organic waste digester. At least one boiler is in communication with the combined synthesis gas and biogas storage reservoir.

Methods and Systems for the Production of Hydrocarbon Products

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A continuous biomass conversion process , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;without the aid of gravitational separation, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein prior to continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction claim 20 , further comprising removing solids from the biomass conversion product.22. The process of claim 20 , further comprising combusting the product gas to generate power.23. The process of claim 20 , wherein the product gas comprises one or more of methane claim 20 , hydrocarbons with a carbon number greater than that of methane claim 20 , and carbon dioxide claim 20 , wherein the product gas optionally comprises less than 5% hydrogen by weight.24. A continuous biomass conversion process claim 20 , comprising the steps of:providing a biomass conversion product comprising a bio oil fraction and an aqueous fraction, wherein each fraction is separable from the other fraction;using centrifugal force, continuously separating the bio oil fraction from the aqueous fraction; andconverting at least a portion of the aqueous fraction to a product gas containing a fuel gas.25. The process of claim 24 , wherein the separation is ...

Method for producing an organic substance

Provided is a method for producing an organic substance, in which an organic material (metabolite) derived from a microorganism is reduced while retaining a nutritive substance in an organic substance-containing solution discharged from a fermentation tank containing the microorganism, whereby various nutritional elements contained in the organic substance-containing solution can be reused with high efficiency. A method for producing an organic substance by the microbial fermentation of a synthetic gas containing at least carbon monoxide, the method comprising a synthetic gas supply step of supplying the synthetic gas into a fermentation tank containing a microorganism, a fermentation step of subjecting the synthetic gas to microbial fermentation in the fermentation tank, an aerobic fermentation treatment step of subjecting at least a portion of a liquid produced in the fermentation step to an aerobic fermentation treatment in a liquid waste treatment unit, and a recycling step of supplying a liquid produced in the aerobic fermentation treatment step to the fermentation tank, wherein the aerobic fermentation treatment step is carried out in the presence of a nitrifying bacterium inhibitor.

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 115-. (canceled)16: A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a conversion product comprising a separable bio-oil and an aqueous fraction containing residual organics therein; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage operatively coupled to the HTL stage configured to receive the aqueous fraction containing residual organics from the HTL stage at a selected temperature and pressure that forms a product gas containing at least one medium BTU product gas.17: The system of claim 16 , further including an upgrade stage configured to upgrade the bio-oil released from the HTL stage over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.18: The system of claim 16 , wherein the product gas when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the sum of the energy demands for conversion of the biomass feedstock to the product gas is a net positive.19: The system of claim 16 , further including one or more heat exchangers positioned to distribute heat to selected locations in the HTL stage and/or the CHG stage. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/657,416 filed 8 Jun. 2012 entitled “Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification for ...

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product. 1. A method of processing biomass , the method comprising: treating biomass with radiation , thereby producing treated biomass; and converting a first portion of the treated biomass utilizing bacteria capable of metabolizing both sugar and syngas feedstocks , to produce the carboxylic acid ester , wherein during converting , syngas is delivered to the bacteria , wherein the syngas is produced by gasification of a second portion of the treated biomass.2. The method of wherein the radiation comprises gamma radiation claim 1 , microwave radiation claim 1 , infrared radiation claim 1 , electron beam radiation claim 1 , X-rays claim 1 , ultraviolet radiation claim 1 , ion particle beam radiation claim 1 , or a combination of any of the forgoing.3. The method of wherein the radiation comprises electron beam radiation.4. The method of wherein the electron beam radiation is delivered at a dose of at least 10 Mrad.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising treating the biomass with shearing claim 1 , cutting claim 1 , grinding claim 1 , pulverizing claim 1 , chopping claim 1 , shredding claim 1 , sonication claim 1 , ...

Apparatus and method for syngas bio-methanation

A waste treatment, pyrolysis and gasification and concerns an apparatus for syngas bio-methanation include a unit for pyrolysis/gasification receiving organic material, the unit for pyrolysis/gasification generating syngas, comprising at least one membrane reactor inside a liquid bath comprising at least one bacteria population, the membrane reactor comprising at least one hollow fiber in contact with the liquid bath, around which a biofilm is formed and into which the syngas from the unit for pyrolysis/gasification flows, so as to convert the syngas into methane. A method for bio-methanation of syngas comprising a step of providing syngas from a unit for pyrolysis/gasification to a membrane reactor inside a liquid bath comprising at least one suitable bacteria population, the membrane reactor comprising at least one hollow fiber in contact with the liquid bath, around which a biofilm is formed and into which the output syngas of the unit for pyrolysis flows, so as to convert the syngas into methane.

CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEM FOR GROWTH OF AQUATIC BIOMASS AND GASIFICATION THEREOF

Processes, systems, and methods for producing combustible gas from wet biomass are provided. In one aspect, for example, a process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system is provided. Such a process may include growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber, moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor, heating the portion of the wet biomass under high pressure in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a total gas component, separating the gasified component into a liquid component, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component, and introducing the liquid component and non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide into the growth chamber to stimulate new wet biomass growth. 1. A process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system , comprising:growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber;moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor;heating the portion of the wet biomass under pressure with a catalyst in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a gasified component;separating the gasified component into a condensed liquid, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component; andintroducing the non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide and the liquid component into the growth chamber to stimulate wet biomass growth.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the combustible gas component includes methane.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the combustible gas component includes hydrogen.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the gasified component is removed from the reactor prior to isolating the combustible gas component.5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising introducing a nutrient recaptured from the harvested biomass into the growth chamber to stimulate new biomass growth.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the nutrient is recaptured from the gasified component.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein the nutrient is recaptured during a ...

Supercritical Water Gasification Process

The process described herein converts biomass directly into a combination of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. A portion of the gases are collected at pressures above the thermodynamic critical pressure for water, which is 3200 psi (pounds per square inch). Typical operating pressure at the point where the first portion of gas collected can range from 3200 psi to 6000 psi. Upon cooling, most of the COcondenses to a liquid. At this density and pressure, the COcan be injected into a deep well aquifer to sequester the carbon dioxide. The overall process is superior to carbon neutral processes, can be carbon negative, and possesses the potential to reverse atmospheric COtrends if implemented on a global scale. 1. A process for converting a biomass stream into a product stream comprising hydrogen , methane , and carbon dioxide using a supercritical water gasification reactor , the process comprising:(i) exchanging heat, using a first heat exchanger, between a feedwater stream and the product stream, wherein the feedwater stream is heated by the product stream to a first temperature;(ii) feeding the feedwater stream exiting the first heat exchanger to a heater that is configured to heat the feedwater stream from the first temperature to a second temperature;(iii) exchanging heat, using a second heat exchanger, between the product stream and the feedwater stream exiting the heater, wherein the feedwater stream is heated by the product from the second temperature to a third temperature;(iv) feeding the feedwater stream exiting the second heat exchanger to the heater, wherein the heater is configured to heat the feedwater stream from the third temperature to a fourth temperature; and(v) reacting the feedwater stream provided by the heater with the biomass stream in the supercritical water gasification reactor to produce the product stream.2. The process of wherein step (i) further includes utilizing an additional heat exchanger to exchange heat between the product stream ...

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product. 1. A method of processing lignocellulosic biomass to lignin and to a carboxylic acid ester , the method comprising:treating the lignocellulosic biomass to reduce its recalcitrance, producing treated biomass;hydrolyzing the treated biomass to produce sugars;capturing lignin liberated by saccharifying the treated biomass;contacting the sugars with a microorganism or a mixture of microorganisms to produce the carboxylic acid ester.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the lignocellulosic biomass comprises shearing claim 1 , irradiation claim 1 , sonication claim 1 , pyrolysis claim 1 , oxidation claim 1 , steam explosion claim 1 , treating with ozone claim 1 , treating with Fenton's solution claim 1 , or a combination of any of these.3. The method of wherein treating the lignocellulosic biomass is by radiation.4. The method of wherein the radiation is by a beam of electrons.5. The method of wherein the beam of electrons delivers at least 10 Mrad of radiation.6. The method of wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises paper claim 1 , paper products claim 1 , wood claim 1 , wood-related materials claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR CONVERTING BIOMASS TO METHANE

A method for enhancing the treatment of lignocellulose-containing materials by biotreatment wherein such lignocellulose-containing materials, normally resistant to biotreatment, are first subjected to a low-temperature, long-residence time pyrolysis at about 175° C. to about 325° C. for about 0.1 hour to about 2.0 hours, wherein a substantial portion of the incoming material is distilled into water-soluble compounds amenable to anaerobic biotreatment. Exemplary applications of the method include pyrolytic pre-treatment of wastewater sludges, cellulosic wastes, wood, peat, plant residues, low-grade coal, and the like to enhance methane gas production in anaerobic digestion and/or oxygen-limited or oxygen-starved fermentation to produce ethanol. 1. A system comprising ,a pyrolizer having an inlet and an outlet,a condenser having an inlet, a non-condensable gas outlet and a liquid outlet, andan anaerobic digester having one or more inlets,wherein the outlet of the pyrolizer is connected to the inlet of the condenser, and the non-condensable gas outlet or the condenser is connected to an inlet of the anaerobic digester.2. The system of further comprising a phase separator having an inlet claim 1 , an aqueous phase outlet and an organic phase outlet claim 1 , wherein the phase separator inlet is connected to the liquid outlet of the condenser and the aqueous phase outlet of the phase separator is connected to an inlet of the anaerobic digester.3. The system of wherein the pyrolizer comprises an internal screw.4. A process comprising the steps of claim 1 ,subjecting one or more biomaterials to pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis products including at least a pyrogas and char, andmixing the pyrogas into a sludge in an anaerobic digester.5. The process of wherein the one or more biomaterials comprise anaerobic digester sludge and undigested lignocellulosic material.6. The process of wherein the one or more biomaterials comprise municipal solid waste.7. The process of wherein the ...

WTE-PROCESSES AND RENEWABLE ENERGY OPTIMIZATION SYSTEM

The present disclosure encompasses systems, machinery, and processes for handling municipal, solid waste mixtures through which this material is recycled into renewable energy. The system comprises three processes: a waste handling process, a recycling and transforming process that converts the waste into fuel, and an energy renewal process. The waste handling process includes collection, sorting, an sizing of the mixed waste; the recycling and transforming process converts collected material into RDF (refuse derived fuel) pellets, and the energy renewal process comprises decomposition of mixture rich in organic matter using biogas/anaerobic technology to collect methane gas and biogas residues, and gasification of the solid RDF pellets, converting them into renewable energy and synthetic carbon. 1. A system for processing waste mixtures comprising:(a) a waste handling process;(b) a recycling and transforming waste-into-fuels process to transform waste into fuel; and(c) an energy renewal process;wherein stages (a), (b), and (c) are carried out in a continuously flowing process;whereby at least a portion of the waste mixture is recycled and at least a portion of the waste mixture is transformed into renewable energy; andwherein said mixtures are homogeneous or heterogeneous unclassified waste mixtures.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the waste handling process (step (a)) comprises:(a) waste collection;(b) preliminary cut large size of waste into appropriate size for further processing;(c) cut-tear-and-beating the preliminary cut waste of step (b) into smaller pieces, and spreading the small pieces evenly on a conveyor;(d) removal of metal materials from waste;(e) removal of inorganic, nonflammable materials from the waste;(f) cutting waste a second time with a two-axis cutting device; and(g) collecting small and evenly desired size of waste.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein In the cut-tear-beat process (step (c)) comprises cutting claim 2 , tearing and breaking ...

Method and Apparatus for Reducing CO2 in a Stream by Conversion to a Syngas for Production of Energy

A system and method for producing Syngas from the COin a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The COand carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO) and hydrogen (H). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor. 1. An apparatus for producing syngas that reduces an amount of carbon dioxide in a gaseous stream , the apparatus comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a reaction chamber, said reaction chamber selected to be one of a pyrolysis reactor, a conventional gasifier or a plasma arc gasifier and wherein said reaction chamber includes a input line for receiving a gaseous stream provided by a source separate from said reaction chamber, and said reaction chamber capable of operating at a preferred temperature of about 1330° C. and up to about 2000° C. and a pressure of about one bar or greater and capable of supporting a reaction in said reaction chamber to form syngas comprising carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H), and carbon dioxide (CO);'}a source of carbonaceous material provided as a feed to said reaction chamber;{'sub': '2', 'a source of HO provided as a feed to said reaction chamber;'}{'sub': '2', 'a selected one of a power plant or an industrial plant capable of providing said gaseous stream from said separate source as a feed to said reaction chamber at said input line, said gaseous stream being a gaseous exhaust containing between about 30% to about 45% carbon dioxide (CO);'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'said reaction chamber further capable of supporting a reaction that consists essentially of said carbonaceous material, said HO and said carbon dioxide (CO) in ...

PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS WITH FAVOURABLE GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS FROM CELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCKS

The present invention provides a process for producing one or more products for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process comprises treating a cellulosic feedstock in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock. A solids-liquid separation is subsequently conducted on the process stream comprising the extractives and solids. An aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives may be fed to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas from which one or more impurities may optionally be removed. In various embodiments the process further comprises providing a solids stream to a thermal process. A product produced or derived from the thermal process may displace a product made from fossil fuel. One or more products obtained or derived from at least one of the foregoing process steps are provided for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process enables advantaged fuel credit generation. 130-. (canceled)31. A process for producing a transportation or heating fuel comprising the steps of:(i) treating a cellulosic feedstock in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock, said extractives comprising acetic acid, acetate, or a combination thereof;(ii) conducting a solids-liquid separation on a process stream comprising the extractives and solids comprising insoluble components, thereby producing an aqueous stream comprising the extractives and a solids stream comprising insoluble components;(iii) feeding an aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives or a portion of said aqueous stream to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas and optionally removing at least a portion of one or more impurities from the crude biogas;(iv) carrying out or causing one or more parties to carry out a process comprising (a) gasifying a solids stream comprising the insoluble components to produce syngas, and (b) reacting the syngas to produce a fuel ...

Combined Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification System and Process for Conversion of Biomass Feedstocks

A combined hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) system and process are described that convert various biomass-containing sources into separable bio-oils and aqueous effluents that contain residual organics. Bio-oils may be converted to useful bio-based fuels and other chemical feedstocks. Residual organics in HTL aqueous effluents may be gasified and converted into medium-BTU product gases and directly used for process heating or to provide energy. 119-. (canceled)20. A system for conversion of a biomass , the system comprising:a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus that hydrothermally liquefies the biomass in an aqueous medium at a temperature and pressure selected to form a crude conversion product comprising a bio-oil component and an aqueous component; anda catalytic hydrothermal gasification (CHG) stage apparatus operatively coupled to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus and configured to receive at least a portion of the crude conversion product having both the bio-oil component and the aqueous component, and form, at a selected temperature and pressure, a gas product containing at least one medium BTU product gas.21. The system of further including an upgrade stage apparatus configured to upgrade the bio-oil component released from the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus over a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature up to about 450° C. and a hydrogen partial pressure up to about 150 atmospheres (1.52×104 kPa) that yields a green crude.22. The system of further comprising at least one heat exchanger operatively coupled to the upgrade stage apparatus.23. The system of further comprising another heat exchanger operatively coupled to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) stage apparatus.24. The system of wherein the heat exchangers are operably engaged to exchange thermal transfer fluid.25. The system of wherein the gas product when combusted generates sufficient energy such that the ...

Profitable method for carbon capture and storage

The present invention generally relates to a method for sequestering carbon dioxide. Biomass is converted into paraffinic hydrocarbons. The paraffinic hydrocarbons are steam cracked into olefins. The olefins are polymerized into non-biodegradable polyolefins.

Profitable method for carbon capture and storage

The present invention generally relates to a method for sequestering carbon dioxide. Biomass is converted into paraffinic hydrocarbons. The paraffinic hydrocarbons are steam cracked into olefins. The olefins are polymerized into non-biodegradable polyolefins.

Profitable method for carbon capture and storage

The present invention generally relates to a method for sequestering carbon dioxide. Biomass is converted into paraffinic hydrocarbons. The paraffinic hydrocarbons are steam cracked into olefins. The olefins are polymerized into non-biodegradable polyolefins.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Integrated biofuel production system

According to an embodiment, a biomass conversion subsystem produces methane and/or alcohol and residual biomass. A pyrolysis or a gasification subsystem is used to produce thermal energy and/or process gasses. The thermal energy may be stored thermal energy in the form of a pyrolysis oil. A fuel conversion subsystem produces liquid hydrocarbon fuels from the methane and/or alcohol using thermal energy and/or process gasses produced by the gasification or pyrolysis subsystem. Because the biomass production system integrates the residual products from biomass conversion and the residual thermal energy from pyrolysis or gasification, the overall efficiency of the integrated biomass production system is greatly enhanced.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Methods for gasification of carbonaceous materials

The present disclosure is generally directed to process of gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce synthesis gas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gasification comprising: adding one or more carbonaceous materials, adding a molecular oxygen-containing gas, adding a methane-containing gas and optionally adding water or steam into said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to process of production of one or more alcohols from said syngas via fermentation or digestion in the presence of at least one microorganism.

Methods for sequestering carbon dioxide into alcohols via gasification and fermentation

본 발명은 합성 가스 발효에 이용되는 가스화의 향상에 관한 것이다. 또한, 본 발명은 적어도 1종의 미생물을 포함하는 적어도 1종의 환원성 가스를 포함하는 기상 기질로부터의 알코올 생성의 향상에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to the improvement of gasification used in syngas fermentation. The present invention also relates to the improvement of alcohol production from a gaseous substrate comprising at least one reducing gas comprising at least one microorganism.

bacteria and methods for their use

Methods for sequestering carbon dioxide into alcohols via gasification fermentation

The present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for use with synthesis gas fermentation. Further, the present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for the production of alcohols from a gaseous substrate containing at least one reducing gas containing at least one microorganism.

Process for controlling sulfur in a fermentation syngas feed stream

Ethanol and other liquid products are produced from biomass using gasification of the biomass to produce a syngas containing CO2, CO, H2 and sulfur or sulfur compounds that passes the syngas to a fermentation step for the conversion of the CO and CO2 and H2 to ethanol. Sulfur and sulfur compounds in the syngas are used to satisfy sulfur demanded by bacteria in the fermentation step. A sulfur control additive is added to the gasification to control syngas sulfur and sulfur compounds at a desired concentration to meet bacteria sulfur demand.

Method and system for the production of hydrocarbon products

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

Clostridium autoethanogenum strain and methods of use thereof to produce ethanol and acetate

A novel class of bacteria is described which has improved efficiency in the production of ethanol by anaerobic fermentation of substrates containing carbon monoxide. The exemplified bacterium,Clostridium autoethanogenum, is capable of producing ethanol and acetate at a ratio of at least 1Ø

Methods for sequestering carbon dioxide into alcohols via gasification fermentation

The present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for use with synthesis gas fermentation. Further, the present invention is directed to improvements in gasification for the production of alcohols from a gaseous substrate containing at least one reducing gas containing at least one microorganism.

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

System and process for producing synthetic liquid hydrocarbon

Production of synthetic liquid hydrocarbon fuel from carbon containing moieties such as biomass, coal, methane, naphtha as a carbon source and hydrogen from a carbon-free energy source is disclosed. The biomass can be fed to a gasifier along with hydrogen, oxygen, steam and recycled carbon dioxide. The synthesis gas from the gasifier exhaust is sent to a liquid hydrocarbon conversion reactor to form liquid hydrocarbon molecules. Unreacted CO & H2 can be recycled to the gasifier along with CO2 from the liquid hydrocarbon conversion reactor system. Hydrogen can be obtained from electrolysis of water, thermo-chemical cycles or directly by using energy from carbon-free energy sources.

System and method for producing substitute natural gas from coal

The present invention provides a system and method for producing substitute natural gas and electricity, while mitigating production of any greenhouse gasses. The system includes a hydrogasification reactor, to form a gas stream including natural gas and a char stream, and an oxygen burner to combust the char material to form carbon oxides. The system also includes an algae farm to convert the carbon oxides to hydrocarbon material and oxygen.

System and method for producing substitute natural gas from coal

本发明提供生产天然气代用品和电能，同时减少任何温室气体产生的系统和方法。该系统包括加氢气化反应器，以形成包含天然气的气体物流和炭物流，氧燃烧器燃烧炭物质，形成碳氧化物。该系统还包括海藻场，将碳氧化物转化为烃物质和氧气。

Method for reducing co2 in a gaseous stream by conversion to a syngas for production energy

A system and method for reducing the CO 2 in a gaseous stream between 33% up to and even in excess of 90%, by reducing CO 2 . A gaseous stream that includes substantial amounts of CO 2 is provided to a reaction chamber along with H 2 O (steam) and a carbon source such as charcoal, coke or other carbonaceous material. Carbon is provided to the chamber at a ratio (C/CO 2 ) of between about 0.100 to 0.850, and between about 0.200 to 0.900 of H 2 O to the provided CO 2 . The CO 2 , H 2 O and carbon are heated to between about 1500°F and about 3000°F at about one atmosphere to produce syngas (i.e. carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )) and reduces the amount of CO 2 . The Syngas may then be cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor or a Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor to produce a fuel, such as Methanol, Ethanol, Diesel and Jet Fuel.

Method and apparatus for reducing CO2 in a stream by conversion to a Syngas for production of energy

A system and method for producing Syngas from the CO 2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO 2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.

Method and apparatus for reducing CO2 in a stream by conversion to a syngas for production of energy

A system and method for producing Syngas from the CO 2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO 2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.

Method for reducing CO2 in a gaseous stream by conversion to a Syngas for production of energy

A system and method for reducing the CO 2 in a gaseous stream between 33% up to and even in excess of 90%, by reducing CO 2 . A gaseous stream that includes substantial amounts of CO 2 is provided to a reaction chamber along with H 2 O (steam) and a carbon source such as charcoal, coke or other carbonaceous material. Carbon is provided to the chamber at a ratio (C/CO 2 ) of between about 0.100 to 0.850, and between about 0.200 to 0.900 of H 2 O to the provided CO 2 . The CO 2 , H 2 O and carbon are heated to between about 1500° F. and about 3000° F. at about one atmosphere to produce syngas (i.e. carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )) and reduces the amount of CO 2 . The Syngas may then be cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor or a Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor to produce a fuel, such as Methanol, Ethanol, Diesel and Jet Fuel.

Comprehensive utilization method and system for coal

本发明提供一种煤的综合利用方法，通过集成多区煤气化子方法、煤基多联产子方法、复合能源制氢子方法和/或藻类吸碳子方法，将煤炭转变为甲烷等清洁能源化工产品和/或清洁电力，形成煤炭资源开发利用的生态循环模式。其中所述多区煤气化子方法通过将煤粉在含部分热解区、催化气化区和残渣气化区的气化炉中，在催化剂和气化剂存在下生产含甲烷的气体物流。本发明还提供实施本发明方法的系统。

Process and device for recycling mixed waste

Um auch gemischtem Hausmüll, der aus ganz unterschiedlichen Fraktionen bestehen kann, insgesamt und nicht nur hinsichtlich einer oder weniger Fraktionen verwerten zu können, wird ein mit energetischen und stofflichen Rückkopplungen ausgestatteter Verwertungskreislauf und eine hierfür geeignete Anlage zur Verfügung gestellt. In order to be able to use also mixed household waste, which can consist of very different fractions, in total and not only with regard to one or fewer fractions, a recovery cycle equipped with energetic and material feedback and a suitable plant is provided.

System for small particle and CO2 removal from flue gas using an improved chimney or stack

A novel stack application for improved carbon dioxide and particle removal/collection from flue gases produced during coal power-generation processes. Flue gas tangential inlet velocity is increased to subject upward-flowing flue gas in a stack to a centrifugal force, thereby propelling entrained solid particles and CO 2 in the flue gas to the stack wall for collection. Collection efficiency is further improved by a cascading water film or algae-laden water film on the inside of the stack wall and on surfaces of an optional internally mounted vortex generator to eliminate the re-entrainment of small particles and for ease of transporting the captured particles in a slurry. The stack can also be utilized as a photochemical or a biological reactor to promote a photosynthesis reaction between carbon dioxide and algae-laden water to form carbohydrate substrates for carbon dioxide sequestration and utilization.

Integrated coal-to-liquids process

一种将煤和藻类原料转化成液体的方法，所述方法包括通过直接液化将所述煤转化成液体；对含有藻类或藻类残余物的生物质原料进行气化以生产合成气；将合成气转化成液体；通过由所述藻类或藻类残余物产生的所述合成气中的氢气对所述煤原料进行补充以提高在所述直接液化中所述煤原料的氢气含量；使用由所述直接液化和气化步骤所产生的CO 2 进行光合作用以生产藻类；以及将藻类或通过对所述藻类进行加氢处理而产生的藻类残余物作为所述气化步骤中所述藻类或藻类残余物的原料来供应。

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING A THERMODYNAMIC ENERGY SOURCE BY CONVERTING CO2 TO CARBONIC RAW MATERIALS

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de production d'électricité à partir de la conversion de CO2 sur de la matière première carbonée. Elle comprend des étapes réalisant la gazéification de la matière première carbonée par un flux gazeux comprenant essentiellement du CO2, l'oxydation du flux gazeux obtenu après gazéification par des porteurs d'oxygène et l'oxydation des porteurs d'oxygène désactivés obtenus. Le procédé permet de valoriser l'énergie globale générée par l'ensemble de ces étapes pour alimenter un système de génération d'électricité tel qu'un turboalternateur. L'invention concerne également un système mettant en œuvre un tel procédé.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing water heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid water (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

Production of products with favourable ghg emission reductions from cellulosic feedstocks

The present invention provides a process for producing one or more products for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process comprises treating a cellulosic feedstock, in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock. Λ solids-liquid separation is subsequently conducted on the process stream comprising the extractives and solids. An aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives may be fed to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas from which one or more impurities may optionally be removed. In various embodiments the process further comprises providing a solids stream to a thermal process, A product produced or derived from the thermal process may displace a product made from fossil fuel. One or more products obtained or derived from at least one of the foregoing process steps are provided for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process enables advantaged fuel credit generation.

Biomass processing

Method for treating raw gas produced by pressure gasification of solid fuels for manufacturing synthesis gas or hydrogen, comprises subjecting the grained fuels at a head of a pressure carburetor with ash- and water content

The method for treating raw gas produced by pressure gasification of solid fuels for manufacturing synthesis gas or hydrogen, comprises subjecting the grained fuels at a head of a pressure carburetor (1) with ash- and water content (50 wt.%) in counter flow to a gasification agent containing water vapor and oxygen, downwardly guiding over a rotary grid (11) from the bottom in the pressure carburetor at a pressure of 2-100 bar under the influence of gravitational force in the form of a fluidized bed (4) slowly through the carburetor and then drying, smoldering, gasifying and combusting. The method for treating raw gas produced by pressure gasification of solid fuels for manufacturing synthesis gas or hydrogen, comprises subjecting the grained fuels at a head of a pressure carburetor (1) with ash- and water content (50 wt.%) in counter flow to a gasification agent containing water vapor and oxygen, downwardly guiding over a rotary grid (11) from the bottom in the pressure carburetor at a pressure of 2-100 bar under the influence of gravitational force in the form of a fluidized bed (4) slowly through the pressure carburetor and then drying, smoldering, gasifying and combusting one after the other at a temperature below the ash melting point. The formed ash is discharged in an ash lock over the rotary grid and through an intermediate chamber (14) and is discharged from the ash lock. The ashes containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water, methane and nitrogen and/or raw gas withdrawn from the components of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, ammonia, hydrocarbon (C nH m) and traces of other compounds such as hydrogen cyanide, carbon disulfide, metal carbonyl, mercaptan, naphthalene, thiophene and organic sulfide are quenched with water at the upper part of the pressure carburetor at 300-800[deg] C by using waste heat for vapor production, subsequently saturated with a washing liquid and then cooled up to the dew point of the raw gas depending of the ...

Use of fermentation tail gas in integrated gasification and gas fermentation system

The disclosure provides for the separation and combustion of at least one hydrocarbon, oxygenate, sulfur compound, and or nitrogen compound, from industrial gas or gasification derived syngas to generate steam. A gasification process and a gas fermentation process may be integrated using tail gas from the fermentation process for the flame to combust tar and other compounds from the syngas generated by a gasification process. Integration may be achieved by removing tar and other compounds from industrial gas or gasification derived syngas using an adsorbent and regenerating the adsorbent using tail gas from the gas fermentation process. Tail gas enriched with the desorbed tar and other compounds may be used to generate steam in a steam boiler and the steam may be used for a variety of purposes including power generation to power, for example, a compressor of the gas fermentation process.

By gasifying and fermenting the method in carbon dioxide sequestration to alcohol

本发明涉及通过气化和发酵将二氧化碳封存到醇中的方法。具体来说，本发明涉及经碳质材料在具有两个室的气化器中的气化来生产合成气以及封存气流中的二氧化碳用于将二氧化碳转化为醇的方法，其包括：向气化器中注入二氧化碳气体、氧气和碳质材料；其中在第一室中注入每干吨所述碳质材料高至30lb‑mol的二氧化碳，任选在第二室中注入每干吨高至30lb‑mol的二氧化碳，其中气化室中未加入蒸汽；以及产生包含一氧化碳和氢气的合成气，其中所述合成气包括的氢气与一氧化碳的比为1或低于1；在发酵容器中使合成气与生物催化剂接触来产生醇产物混合物；以及从产物混合物中选择性地回收醇，所述醇产物混合物包括甲醇、乙醇、丙醇和丁醇或其组合。

A low temperature gasification facility with a horizontally oriented gasifier

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

A gas conditioning system.

La presente invención proporciona un sistema de gas acondicionado, para procesar un gas de entrada de un sistema de gasificación de baja temperatura a un gas de salida de características deseadas. El sistema comprende un proceso de dos etapas, en la primera de las cuales son separados los metales pesados y la materia de partículas en una fase de vía seca, y en la segunda etapa se incluyen pasos de procesamiento adicionales para remover gases ácidos y/u otros contaminantes. Otros procesos opcionales, pueden incluir el ajuste de la humedad y la temperatura del gas de entrada a medida que pasa a través del sistema de gas acondicionado. La presencia y secuencia de los pasos de procesamiento están determinadas por la composición del gas de entrada, la composición deseada del gas de salida para las aplicaciones derivadas y por una mayor eficiencia y reducción del desperdicio.

Gas Conditioning System

The present invention provides a gas conditioning system for processing an input gas from a low temperature gasification system to an output gas of desired characteristics. The system comprises a two-stage process, the first stage separating heavy metals and particulate matter in a dry phase, and the second stage including further processing steps of removing acid gases, and/or other contaminants. Optional processes include adjusting the humidity and temperature of the input gas as it passes through the gas conditioning system. The presence and sequence of processing steps is determined by the composition of the input gas, the desired composition of output gas for downstream applications, and by efficiency and waste minimization.

Carbonaceous material gasification process

本公开总体上涉及将碳质材料气化以生产合成气体或合成气的方法。本公开提供了改进的气化方法，所述方法包括：向所述气化器中添加一种或多种碳质材料、添加含分子氧的气体、添加含甲烷的气体、以及任选地添加水或蒸汽。本公开还涉及在至少一种微生物存在下经发酵或消化从所述合成气生产一种或多种醇的方法。

Ethanol production by chemical loop combustion, reverse water gas conversion, and fermentation.

Dispositif et procédé de conversion d’une charge comprenant des composés hydrocarbonés riches en oxygène, dans lesquels : une unité de combustion en boucle chimique (10) traite une charge hydrocarbonée (1) présentant une teneur en oxygène élémentaire au moins supérieure à 1% poids, et produit un effluent de combustion en boucle chimique (2) comprenant au moins du CO2 et du H2O ; une section réactionnelle de conversion du gaz à l'eau inversée RWGS (20) traite l’effluent de combustion en boucle chimique (2) et produit un gaz de RWGS (4) enrichi en CO et en eau ; et une section réactionnelle de fermentation (30) traite le gaz de RWGS (4) et produit un effluent de fermentation (6) enrichi en éthanol. Figure 1 à publier Apparatus and method for converting a feedstock comprising oxygen-rich hydrocarbon compounds, wherein: a chemical loop combustion unit (10) processes a hydrocarbon feedstock (1) having an elemental oxygen content at least greater than 1 wt% , and produces a chemical looping combustion effluent (2) comprising at least CO2 and H2O; an RWGS inverted water gas conversion reaction section (20) treats the chemical loop combustion effluent (2) and produces an RWGS gas (4) enriched in CO and water; and a fermentation reaction section (30) treats the RWGS gas (4) and produces a fermentation effluent (6) enriched in ethanol. Figure 1 to be published

LOW TEMPERATURE GASIFICATION INSTALLATION WITH A HORIZONTALLY ORIENTED GASIFIER

Se provee un sistema de gasificacion de baja temperatura que comprende un gasificador orientado horizontalmente que optimiza la extraccion de moléculas gaseosas de una carga de alimentacion carbonácea mientras minimiza el calor residual. El sistema comprende una pluralidad de subsistemas integrados que trabajan juntos para convertir residuos solidos municipales (MSW) en electricidad. Los subsistemas comprendidos por el sistema de gasificacion de baja temperatura son: un sistema de manipulacion de residuos solidos municipales; un sistema de manipulacion de plásticos; un gasificador orientado horizontalmente con un sistema de unidades de transferencia laterales; un sistema de unidades de transferencia laterales; un sistema de reformulacion de gas; un sistema de reciclado térmico; un sistema de acondicionamiento de gas; un sistema de acondicionamiento de residuos; un sistema de homogeneizacion de gas y un sistema de control. A low temperature gasification system is provided comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from a carbonaceous feed charge while minimizing residual heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems covered by the low temperature gasification system are: a municipal solid waste handling system; a plastic handling system; a horizontally oriented gasifier with a system of lateral transfer units; a system of lateral transfer units; a gas reformulation system; a thermal recycling system; a gas conditioning system; a waste conditioning system; a gas homogenization system and a control system.

Biopowerplant: third generation biorefinery with improved capacity to use domestic wastewater, landfill leachate and sea salt water as an input to generate green energy, water for reuse, biofuel, organic fertilizers and capture atmospheric co2

The Biopowerplant is a system that integrates the generation of carbon-neutral energy through the cultivation and conversion of microalgal biomass, with sewage sanitation and environmental carbon recovery, with the additional and secondary production of biofertilizer, biofuel, water for reuse. This system integrates a suboptimal anaerobic digestion subsystem focused on the generation of biogas, the processing of the resulting digestate through a microalgal consortium culture subsystem with biofilm induction and smooth decreasing gradient of light radiation, and the transformation of the generated microalgal biomass into syngas through a subsystem of evaporation, torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion in separate chambers. The syngas and methane from the biogas are subsequently used as fuel in an electric power generator capable of operating with mixed gases. The biogas generation process is enriched through the recirculation of the microalgal biomass supernatant, the residual heat from the syngas generation subsystem, and the heat transferred from the combustion gases of the electric generator. The residual sludge from the biogas generation subsystem is recirculated towards a longitudinal biopile subsystem, where it acts as an anaerobic medium compared to the aerobic medium that constitutes the concentrated microalgal biomass, and both streams are mixed to be transformed into the syngas generation subsystem. Input inflows for system operation are mainly sewage, and optionally seawater and/or leachate. The inflows must be bioaugmented with a microalgal consortium dosed automatically by a Compact in situ bioaugmentation system, preferably more than 3 kilometers before the inflow enters the system.

Use of fermentation tail gas in integrated gasification and gas fermentation system

The disclosure provides for the separation and combustion of at least one hydrocarbon, oxygenate, sulfur compound, and or nitrogen compound, from industrial gas or gasification derived syngas to generate steam. A gasification process and a gas fermentation process may be integrated using tail gas from the fermentation process for the flame to combust tar and other compounds from the syngas generated by a gasification process. Integration may be achieved by removing tar and other compounds from industrial gas or gasification derived syngas using an adsorbent and regenerating the adsorbent using tail gas from the gas fermentation process. Tail gas enriched with the desorbed tar and other compounds may be used to generate steam in a steam boiler and the steam may be used for a variety of purposes including power generation to power, for example, a compressor of the gas fermentation process.

A method of processing lignocellulosic biomass

Method and system for producing hydrogen from carbon-containing raw material

The invention refers to a process to produce H 2 from biomass containing carbon. The biomass is gasified to obtain a gaseous flow essentially containing molecules of carbon monoxide (CO) and molecules of molecular hydrogen (H 2 ). These molecules (CO) and (H 2 ) are then oxidized by oxygen holders in oxidized state (MeO) to obtain a gaseous flow essentially containing CO 2 and water steam (H 2 O steam ) and oxygen holders in reduced state (Me). The oxygen holders are then oxidized by water steam. That oxidation produces oxidized oxygen holders and a gaseous flow essentially containing di-hydrogen (H 2 ). The invention also refers to a system containing the means to perform the steps of such a process.

Structural configuration and method for environmentally safe waste and biomass processing to increase the efficiency of energy and heat generation

The present invention relates to the method and structural configuration for environmentally safe waste and biomass processing to increase the efficiency of energy and heat generation. In the structural configuration of the invention solid municipal and industrial waste as well as biomass are loaded and milled and afterwards they are subject to pyrolysis and gasification. The produced pyrolysis gas is cooled, cleaned and carbon dioxide is captured from it, pyrolysis gas is compressed and accumulated together with syngas and they are used for electric power and heat generation and this generated electric power and heat is supplied to external consumers. During pyrolysis and gasification, melting occurs and basalt-like slag is produced which is processed and used for production of a heat- insulation material or granulated slag, additional electric power is further generated from the heat occurred as a result of pyrolysis gas cooling. Carbon dioxide captured from exhaust gases occurred as a result of electric power and heat generation, is compressed and accumulated together with carbon dioxide recovered from pyrolysis gas, and after distribution and dosing, first, it is sent to plasma torches as plasma-forming gas, second, it is used for production of marketable products using carbon dioxide for external consumers, third, it is fed as a nutrient to cultivate algae; herewith, seed material is loaded and algae is cultivated using heat source and carbon dioxide and thus algae biodiesel and biomass production is provided. Produced biodiesel is cleaned, accumulated and used for generation of electric power and heat. Biomass extraction is returned to the beginning of the process, algae biomass and oil received as a result of liquid biofuel production are supplied to external consumers as marketable products. In addition, for the purpose of processing waste range expansion, coal dust is loaded simultaneously at the beginning of the process afterwards syngas is generated using ...

Method for syngas-production from liquefied biomass

The present invention relates to methods for syngas-production from biomass enabling the conversion of pre-treated biomasses having a high dry-matter content into electricity or oil-based products such as petrol, diesel, chemicals and plastics through the formation of syngas. The biomasses are converted into a biomass slurry having a suitable particle size and dry-matter content for optimal feeding and gasification in a pressurised gasifier.

Processing biomass

Carbon-containing materials, such as biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) or coal are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels, carboxylic acids and equivalents thereof (e.g., esters and salts). For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol, butanol or organic acids (e.g., acetic or lactic acid), salts of organic acids or mixtures thereof. If desired, organic acids can be converted into alcohols, such as by first converting the acid, salt or mixtures of the acid and its salt to an ester, and then hydrogenating the formed ester. Acetogens or homoacetogens which are capable of utilizing a syngas from a thermochemical conversion of coal or biomass can be utilized to produce the desired product.

Assembly to increase the yield of methane from a biogas fermentation reactor by introduction of impure wood gas

An assembly increases the energy yield from a biogas generator. The assembly has a wood gas generator (2) that converts wood chips into impure wood gas that feeds to the biogas fermentation reactor (10). The combined wood gas and biogas are fed to a combined heat and power station. Wood gas is introduced to the biogas fermentation reactor via jets driven by a high-pressure blower (5), ring pipe (6) and lances. The wood gas is released at a depth of 2 to 4 m below the surface of the fermenting mixture. Introduction of impure wood gas to the fermenting liquid exposed the wood gas to bacteria converting tar residues to methane.

Method of treating off-gas stream and apparatus therefor

本发明提供一种处理含NH 3 和H 2 S的尾气物流(80)从而提供硫酸盐物流(910)的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：(i)提供含NH 3 、H 2 S、CO 2 及任选的HCN、COS和CS 2 中的一种或多种的第一尾气物流(80)；(ii)使第一尾气物流(80)流入焚烧炉(300)以氧化NH 3 、H 2 S及任选的HCN、COS和CS 2 中的一种或多种，从而提供含N 2 、H 2 O、SO 2 和CO 2 的第二尾气物流(310)；(iii)在碱洗涤器(350)中用第一含水碱性物流(380、876a)洗涤第二尾气物流(310)以从第二尾气物流中分离出SO 2 和部分CO 2 ，从而提供包含碳酸盐及亚硫酸盐和/或亚硫酸氢盐的废碱性物流(360)及含N 2 和CO 2 的碱洗涤器尾气物流(370)；和(iv)在氧存在下使废碱性物流(360)流入含硫氧化细菌的曝气设备(900)以生物氧化亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐为硫酸盐，从而提供硫酸盐物流(910)。

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon-bearing materials

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

Integrated biofuel production system

According to an embodiment, a biomass conversion subsystem produces methane and/or alcohol and residual biomass. A pyrolysis or a gasification subsystem is used to produce thermal energy and/or process gasses. The thermal energy may be stored thermal energy in the form of a pyrolysis oil. A fuel conversion subsystem produces liquid hydrocarbon fuels from the methane and/or alcohol using thermal energy and/or process gasses produced by the gasification or pyrolysis subsystem. Because the biomass production system integrates the residual products from biomass conversion and the residual thermal energy from pyrolysis or gasification, the overall efficiency of the integrated biomass production system is greatly enhanced.

Method for producing purified gas, method for producing valuable material, gas purification device, and device for producing valuable material

Provided are a method for producing a purified gas whereby a phase-transitioning impurity contained in a waste-derived raw material gas can be efficiently removed when generating a valuable material from the raw material gas, a method for producing a valuable material, a gas purification device, and a device for producing a valuable material.　A method for producing a purified gas, comprising removing an impurity from a waste-derived raw material gas, the method for producing a purified gas including a solid-phased impurity removal step S11 for passing the raw material gas through a phase-transitioning-impurity removal unit to remove a solid-phased phase-transitioning impurity in the raw material gas, and an impurity removal step S12 for passing the raw material gas that has undergone the solid-phased impurity removal step through a pressure swing adsorption device combined with a vacuum pump to remove an impurity in the raw material gas.

Method for totally gasifying of garbage or waste

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'ordures ou déchets dans lequel on soumet les ordures ou déchets à au moins une étape de compression (14) dans des conditions propres à les séparer en une fraction putrescible (15) sous forme de pulpe humide, et en une fraction sèche (16) d'humidité relative inférieure à 20 %, puis on soumet la fraction putrescible à un traitement (17) de fermentation anaérobie produisant un biogaz (18), caractérisé en ce qu'on soumet la fraction sèche (16) obtenue à un traitement de gazéification (19) endothermique.

A gasification facility with a horizontal gasifier and a plasma reformer

A low-temperature gasification system comprising a horizontally oriented gasifier is provided that optimizes the extraction of gaseous molecules from carbonaceous feedstock while minimizing waste heat. The system comprises a plurality of integrated subsystems that work together to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) into electricity. The subsystems comprised by the low-temperature gasification system are: a Municipal Solid Waste Handling System; a Plastics Handling System; a Horizontally Oriented Gasifier with Lateral Transfer Units System; a Gas Reformulating System; a Heat Recycling System; a Gas Conditioning System; a Residue Conditioning System; a Gas Homogenization System and a Control System.

Bio-fuel production system

A biological material production system having an enclosure; a plant advancer located within th enclosure, the plant advancer configured to move one or more plants from a first position to a second position in a predetermined path; and at least one harvester positionable proximate the second position and configured to remove at least a portion of the one or more plants from the plant advancer. A biofuel production system having a biological material production system a harvesting device configured to harvest the biological material as the biological material matures, at least a portion of the harvesting system being substantially within the enclosure, the harvesting system configured to extract liquid from the biological material; a fermenting device proximate the harvesting system and configured to accept and ferment the liquid from the harvesting system; and a distillation device proximate the fermenting device and configured to distill the fermented liquid.

Production of products with favourable GHG emission reductions from cellulosic feedstocks

The present invention provides a process for producing one or more products for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process comprises treating a cellulosic feedstock, in one or more processing steps that release extractives from the feedstock. A solids-liquid separation is subsequently conducted on the process stream comprising the extractives and solids. An aqueous stream comprising one or more of the extractives may be fed to an anaerobic digester to produce crude biogas from which one or more impurities may optionally be removed. In various embodiments the process further comprises providing a solids stream to a thermal process. A product produced or derived from the thermal process may displace a product made from fossil fuel. One or more products obtained or derived from at least one of the foregoing process steps are provided for use as a transportation or heating fuel. In various embodiments the process enables advantaged fuel credit generation.

GASIFICATION AND GASIFICATION METHODS OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

GASEIFICADOR E MÉTODOS DE GASEIFICAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS CARBONÁCEOS. A presente revelação é dirigida em geral a processo de gaseificação de materiais carbonáceos para a produção de gás de síntese ou singas. A presente divulgação proporciona métodos aperfeiçoados de gaseificação que compreendem a adição de um gás contendo oxigênio molecular e, opcionalmente, a adição de água ao referido gaseificador. Esta revelação é também direcionada a processo de produção de um ou mais álcoois a partir de dito gás de síntese, através de fermentação ou digestão, na presença de pelo menos um microorganismo. GASIFICATION AND GASIFICATION METHODS OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS. The present disclosure is directed in general to gasification processes of carbonaceous materials for the production of syngas or syngas. The present disclosure provides improved methods of gassing comprising adding a gas containing molecular oxygen and optionally adding water to said gasifier. This disclosure is also directed to the process of producing one or more alcohols from said synthesis gas, through fermentation or digestion, in the presence of at least one microorganism.

Method for reducing co2 in a stream by conversion to a syngas for production of energy

apparatus for generating synthesis gas from waste organic material, cogeneration apparatus and hydrogen generation apparatus

Method for syngas-production from liquefied biomass

The present invention relates to methods for syngas-production from biomass enabling the conversion of pre-treated biomasses having a high dry-matter content into electricity or oil-based products such as petrol, diesel, chemicals and plastics through the formation of syngas. The biomasses are converted into a biomass slurry having a suitable particle size and dry-matter content for optimal feeding and gasification in a pressurised gasifier.