Газификатор угля

A removable annular hearth member (40), shaped to fit over the slag outlet member (20) of a slagging gasifier, comprises a cast body of high thermal conductivity having integral liquid coolant passageways, the central openings of the ahnu- lar hearth member and slag outlet member being arranged in vertical alignment for the discharge of slag, and the lower portion of the hearth member opening having a lip or beak (70) extending downwardly so as to form a sealed joint with the slag outlet opening whereby in operation of the gasifier to prevent penetration of molten slag therebetween.

VERFAHREN ZUM BESEITIGEN VON FESTEM ABFALL

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenoxyd-Wasserstoffgemischen durch unvollstaendige Verbrennung von gasfoermigen Kohlenwasserstoffen in Abstichgaserzeugern

Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ofens

KOHLEVERGASUNGSANLAGE

KOHLEVERGASUNGSVERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG DAFUER

Energy generating system

The invention relates to an energy generating system with a fluidised bed or flue flow pressure reactor (hereinafter abbreviated to pressure reactor), in which coal is gasified, with a gas-heated steam generator connected on its output side, the steam from which drives a steam turbo generator set and the supercharged flue gases of which drive a gas turbine generator set, and with a device for purification of the gas coming from the pressure reactor. This device has hitherto been a wet cleaning plant, which among other things has the disadvantage that the temperature of the gas is greatly reduced, thereby causing large energy losses. By contrast, the invention proposes to form this device from one or more cyclones and thereby to perform dry cleaning, which ensures essentially less cooling of the gas and at the same time permits direct further use of the dry dust. The system thereby affords good overall efficiency and can function cost effectively.

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abstichgaserzeugers und Gaserzeuger zu dessen Durchfuehrung

Process of gasifying solid combustible materials

... 744,153. Gasifying solid fuels. UNION RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLEN KRAFTSTOFF AKT.-GES. June 8, 1953 [June 19, 1952], No. 15767/53. Class 55 (1). In a process of producing combustible gases by gasifying solid fuels in a bath of their own liquid slag which is maintained in a cyclic current between a heating space 1 and a gasifying space 2 wherein the fuel is gasified by introduction of an endothermic gasifying agent, e.g. steam, the gases produced in the space 2 are treated after they have left the slag to increase the hydrocarbon content thereof by adding fuel thereto while avoiding contact between the fuel thus added and the slag. The fuel added to increase the hydrocarbon content may be coal, lignite, peat, oil shale or a liquid or a gaseous fuel and it may be added at a point at which the heat emitted by the slag is still effective. The heat, of the slag bath may be effective only for a short time to produce unsaturated hydrocarbons and the gases are then chilled or otherwise treated to preserve ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WATER-CONTAINING COAL

... 1276736 Gasifying coal RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLENWERKE AG 20 Aug 1969 [22 Aug 1968 20 Jan 1969] 41611/69 Heading C5E A process for gasifying water-containing coal or peat comprises contacting the coal directly with a liquid metal melt, e.g. lead, in a bath and utilising the water content of the coal as gasifying agent. The water may be that in the coal as mined, e.g. as in brown coals, or that added during winning. In illustrated embodiments, the coal-water mixture is delivered by a pump to the bottom of the bath and is passed upwardly through the melt, which is circulated through an external heating device and flows in concurrent or countercurrent with the coal in the bath. Oil may be added to the coal-water mixture.

COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

PROCESS FOR PROVISIONALLY STORING,TRANSPORTING AND/OR ENERGETICALLY AS WELL AS MATERIALLY UTILISING MATERIAL OF ALL KIND THAT IS TO BE DISPOSED OF

Plant comprising a reactor, in particular for the gasification of fossil fuels

PCT No. PCT/DE81/00044 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 9, 1981 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 9, 1981 PCT Filed Mar. 13, 1981 PCT Pub. No. WO81/02743 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 1, 1981.A plant for the gasification of fossil fuels which includes a reactor container and a further plant component attachable to the reactor container. The reactor container has a discharge opening and includes a connection part extending outwardly from the discharge opening. A fireproof lining, which determines the inner cross-sectional area of the container, is provided within the container. An intermediate ring is interposed between the connecting part of the reactor container and the further plant component for attaching the connecting part to the further plant component. This intermediate ring is provided with a fireproof lining having an area of reduced inner cross-section which is less than the inner cross-sectional area of the fireproof lining of the reactor container, the area of reduced cross-section being the smallest cross-sectional ...

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMBUSTIBLE GAS AND DEVICE FOR APPLYING THE METHOD

GASIFYING CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

Method of and apparatus for discharging molten masses from chambers under pressure

... 708,661. Discharging slag. HUBMANN, O. Sept. 21, 1951 [Nov. 13, 1950], No. 22203/51. Class 51 (1) A method of discharging a molten mass from a chamber under pressure comprises moving the mass through a channel by means of the pressure obtaining in the chamber, cooling the mass in the channel to such an extent that it congeals, pressing the congealed mass against and breaking it up in a breaking device disposed at the outlet of the channel and discharging the broken material through a discharge lock or like device which can be secured against an eruption of gas. As shown in Fig. 1 slag flows through a watercooled outlet member 5 where it solidifies and is then broken by teeth 9 formed on a rotatable body 8, the broken slag then falling down a conduit 12 in the body 8 to a chamber 14. Should a leakage of gas occur through the slag, piston 16 is forced downwards causing valve 15 to close the outlet 19 of the chamber 14.

PRODUCTION OF COMBUSTIBLE GAS

Process for gasifying fuels in a molten-ash type gas-producer and for simultaneously treating ores or residues

... 332,366. Philipon, H. J. F. June 15, 1929. Producers.-In an ash-melting producer, the proportion of fixed carbon to the weight of the charge is about 30 per cent, the slag being formed by high ash content fuels or by additions of substances having a base of silica, alumina or lime, a fusible slag being obtained having an SiO2/CaO ratio of 0.9. Variations of the composition of the charge may be accommodated by varying the blast temperature between 400‹ and 800‹ C. Low grade cast iron may be added and transformed into silicious cast iron free from sulphur. Iron ores may be added, either mixed with the fuel, or formed into briquettes, the proportion of iron being always 50 per cent lower than that in a blast furnace and less than 15 per cent of the total charge. Towns refuse may be employed. High ash fuels may have limestone or lime added to produce a cement slag. Phosphate of lime may be used and steam added to give phosphoric acid and hydrogen, and if ammonia is introduced a yield of ammonium ...

Improvements in Gas Producers.

... 119,723. Glover, S., West, J., and West's Gas Improvement Co. Oct. 23, 1917. Fuel-supports. - A rotary inverted truncated cone d, having an internal helical rib e, is provided at the base of a gas-producer. The edge of the rib may be corrugated, and its upper end may form a cutting edge or point. Beneath the cone is a plate over which works a sweeping arm j. By the rotation of the cone, ashes are withdrawn and discharged. The connexion between the cone d and the body of the producer is made by a liquid seal i, above which steam or other vapour or gas may be supplied through pipes j. Gas is withdrawn from the producers through ports b leading to an annular chamber c.

Improvements in and relating to the gasification of solid carbonaceous fuel

... A shaft gasifier for the gasification of a static bed of an ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel comprises a plurality of tuyeres distributed round the lower part of the inner wall of the shaft, means for causing gasifying agent to issue simultaneously from some of the tuyeres at one rate and from the remaining tuyeres at a different rate, valve means for changing the rate from each tuyere from one of the rates to the other, and automatic timing means for the valve. The gasifier is operated at a temperature such that the ash collects in liquid form beneath the fuel bed, from where it is continuously discharged. The velocity from some of the tuyeres is chosen to give preferential central gasification and that from the remainder to give preferential peripheral gasification of the fuel, and each change is made to give no alteration in the rate of supply of the gasifying agent from all the tuyeres collectively. This may be effected by operating half the tuyeres at each ...

SLAGGING COAL GASIFICATION PLANT

Apparatus for gasifying fuels containing ash

Apparatus for gasification of fuels containing ash with a gasification medium containing oxygen is carried out in a reaction chamber 2 provided with water cooling coils 4. Molten slag accumulating in the bottom 7 of the chamber flows, over a weir defined by an annular cast iron insert assembly 9, into a cooling and granulating part 3 which contains water and which includes a water spray nozzle 13 acting on the falling slag. The annular assembly 9 includes a steel tube coil through which water flows to effect cooling of the gas and slag passing therethrough. ...

Production of sulfur-free carbon monoxide-containing gas

... 829,844. Gas manufacture. TEXACO DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Nov. 4, 1957, No. 34335/57. Classes 55 (1) and 55 (2). In a process for producing carbon monoxide containing gas substantially free from sulphurcontaining gases, a sulphur-containing solid carbonaceous fuel also containing ash is mixed with lime, in excess of that theoretically required for the removal of all the sulphur contained in the fuel, and reacted with a free oxygen containing gas in a reaction zone at a temperature above 2000‹ F. and also above the fusion point of the slag resulting from the lime and ash, the resulting molten slag is quenched with water in the presence of the carbon monoxide containing product gas to effect a solution of lime from the slag, the resulting limewater is stripped of hydrogen sulphide in the absence of the product gas and then contacted therewith to remove sulphur-containing gas therefrom. A slurry of coal, water and lime, which may be calcium oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, is prepared in a mixer ...

REMOVING SLAG

Process and apparatus for the production of a gas appreciably containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen starting from a raw material containing of carbon and/or a hydrocarbon.

Furnace for the heat treatment of a solid fuel of pieces.

Process and installation for producing iron from iron oxides and carbon-containing reducing agents

In a process and installation for producing iron from iron oxides and carbon-containing reducing agents also using waste materials 33, in particular refuse, in a blast furnace process, to avoid environmentally harmful emissions, the waste materials 33 are gasified separately from the burst furnace process, and the product gas which forms is fed to the blast furnace process in a manner known per se in the high-temperature zone. ...

PROCEDURE FOR GASES OF FUELS WITH OXYGEN IN A SCHACHTFOERMIGEN FURNACE

PROCEDURE FOR ELIMINATING CELEBRATIONS WASTE MATERIALS UNDER SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF A USABLE PRODUCT GAS AND INERT CELEBRATIONS ARREARS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ESSENTIALLY CARBON MONOXIDE GAS AND HYDROGEN GAS CONTAINING GAS FROM KOHLEUND/ODER KOHLEWASSERSTOFFHALTIGEM RAW MATERIAL OF MEANS OF A PLASMA GENERATOR

DIRECT CURRENT PIT REACTOR

PROCESS AND DEVICE TO THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE BY GASIFICATION OF THE MATERIALS USED

SCHLACKEN UND GASABFLUSSOEFFNUNG FUER EINEN REAKTOR ZUR VERGASUNG ASCHEHALTIGER BRENNSTOFFE IN DER FLUGWOLKE

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM VERGASEN VON MINDERWERTIGEN BRENNSTOFFEN

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING REDUCING GAS

PROCEDURE FOR GASES OF FUELS

PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF IRON FROM FERRIC OXIDES AND KOHLENSTOFFHAELTIGEN REDUCTION MEANS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PROCESSING OF SCHWERMETALLHAELTIGEN ARREARS OF THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR GASES OF INFERIOR FUELS

VERFAHREN ZUM VERGASEN VON BRENNSTOFFEN MIT SAUERSTOFF IN EINEM SCHACHTFOERMIGEN OFEN

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE GAS MIXTURE.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTIBLE GAS MIXTURE.

FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING SLAG CAKE FROM SYNTHETIC GAS REACTORS

SYNTHETIC GAS REACTOR

FLUIDISED BED INCINERATOR

APPARATUS FOR SLAG REMOVAL FROM A GASIFICATION PLANT

Multi-faceted gasifier and related methods

GASIFICATION OF COAL

FINES AGGLOMERATOR

TREATMENT OF EFFLUENT LIQUORS

ABSTRACT Aqueous effluent liquors such as those derived from the ash-slagging of coal are treated to remove halide, eg. chloride ions by heating the liquor to 400°C to 500°C and contacting the vapor with, for example, a fixed or fluidised bed of calcium carbonate maintained at the reaction temperature. During the heating, the temperature is increased at a rate of at least 50°C sec -1 over the range 100°C to 300°C. The treated liquor may be used as a reactant in the ash-slagging gasification of coal.

CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL GASIFIER

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE

COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

MULTI-PURPOSE ZONE CONTROLLED BLAST FURNACE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING HOT METAL, GASES AND SLAGS

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

The present invention relates to a reactor (100) for the gasifying and/or melting of feed materials. The reactor comprises: a co-current section (110). comprising a plenum section (111), comprising a feed section with a sluice (112), wherein feed materials are introduced into the reactor (100) from above via the feed section, a buffer section (113), a pre-treatment section (114), which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section (113) to create a cross-sectional enlargement, and an intermediate section (115) adjoining the pre-treatment section, an upper oxidation section (116) adjoining a bottom of the intermediate section and comprising tuyeres (117), and an upper reduction section (118) adjoining a bottom of the upper oxidation section (116), a gas outlet section (120) comprising at least one gas outlet (121), and a countercurrent section (130) comprising a conical lower reduction section (138) adjoining the gas outlet section (120) and a conical lower oxidation section (136) adjoining the ...

GAS-GAS QUENCH COOLING AND SOLIDS SEPARATION

ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFIER AND METHOD FOR REMOVING MOLTEN SLAG

An entrained-flow gasifier reactor includes a vessel and a first liner within the vessel. The first liner extends around a reaction zone in the vessel and has an inlet end and an exit end with respect to the reaction zone. The first liner includes a drip lip at the exit end. An isolator is arranged near the drip lip. The isolator is operable to thermally isolate the drip lip from a quench zone downstream from the reaction zone such that molten slag at the drip lip remains molten.

SLAG HANDLING SYSTEM

A batch slag handling system for gasifiers and the like which operate under pressure, has a lockhopper receiving the slag under pressure and dispensing it after depressurization. The slag is ground and combined with water for transport to a slag sump where it is dewatered and then removed from the site. Sluice water is provided by a closed loop system.

METHOD FOR THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASIFICATION OF HETEROGENEOUS WASTE

A process for the high-temperature gasification of possibly thermally pretreated heterogeneous wastes, in which oxygen is injected into the gasification bed with the aid of water-cooled oxygen lances. The oxygen is heated by an independent pilot flame and accelerated to speeds approaching the speed of sound. Accordingly, the oxygen lances cannot be plugged by melted charge components not susceptible to gasification because the pilot flame is driven independently of the oxygen-lance flow. A pulsing, phase-shifted impact from several oxygen lances arranged in a ring produces a circulating flow of material in the gasification zone, compensating the heterogeneity of the charge in the case of a waste gasification.

Wärmeaustauschverfahren und Einrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung von Reaktionen bei hoher Temperatur

Procédé pour gazéifier un combustible à grain fin et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.

[...] OF [...][...] LA [...][...] D'UN [...] DE [...][...] ET D'UN sOLIDLY[...].

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF COAL.

PROCEDURE FOR TEMPORARY STORAGE FACILITIES, TRANSPORTING AND/OR ENERGETIC ONE AS WELL AS MATERIAL ONE USING DISPOSAL PROPERTY OF ALL ART.

Procedure and device for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from gasification of raw materials.

Mechanism for garbage processing.

Mechanism for garbage processing.

СПОСІБ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ БРИКЕТІВ З ВУГІЛЛЯ, СПОСІБ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ РОЗПЛАВУ ЗАЛІЗА ТА ПРИСТРІЙ ДЛЯ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ РОЗПЛАВУ ЗАЛІЗА

Винахід стосується способу виготовлення вугільних брикетів з безпосереднім використанням вугілля з широкими межами розмірів часток, способу і пристрою для виготовлення розплаву заліза із застосуванням цього способу. Для цього спосіб виготовлення вугільних брикетів згідно з винаходом включає операції: первинного сортування за розміром часток першої групи вугілля для приготування дрібного вугілля; домішування другої групи вугілля, яке має середнє альбедо (Rm) 0,8 або вище, до дрібного вугілля; висушування змішаного вугілля, яке містить дрібне вугілля з першої групи вугілля і другу групу вугілля, і вторинного сортування за розміром часток цього змішаного вугілля; додання зміцнюючого агента до змішаного вугілля і змішування цього зміцнюючого агента зі змішаним вугіллям; додавання зв'язуючої меляси до змішаного вугілля і змішування зв'язуючої меляси зі змішаним вугіллям; і виготовлення вугільних брикетів формуванням змішаного вугілля.

ECOLOGICALLY CLEAN METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY FROM COAL

A method for producing clean energy from coal by feeding the coal in a reactor which is sealed to atmosphere and moving the coal in the reactor while injecting oxygen to combust a portion of the coal to yield a pressurized hydrogen rich raw gas and hot char. Said hydrogen rich gas is cracked in cracking compartment to remove distillates and hydrocarbons and desulfurized to produce synthesis gas. The hot char is gasified in an air blown gasifier to produce a fuel gas and a molten slag which are jointly directed out of the gasifier through a common port. The fuel gas and the molten slag are separated in a separator. After separation the fuel gas is desulfurized to produce gas which will produce very low NOx emission while combusted.

Process of adjustment of run the slags produced in furnaces, gas generators, etc, with hearth under pressure and device for the setting in ceuvre of this process

BRIQUETTE AND PROCEEDED OF PRODUCTION Of a GAS EFFLUENT RICH IN HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE

Improvement with the gas generators with fusion of ashes

Improvements with the gas generators with fusion of ashes

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR the PRODUCTION Of a GAS APPRECIABLY CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND YDROGENE STARTING FROM a RAW MATERIAL CONTAINING OF CARBON AND/OR a HYDROCARBON

APPAREIL D'ELIMINATION DE DECHETS SOUS FORME DE BOULETTES

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN APPAREIL D'ELIMINATION DE DECHETS SOUS FORME DE BOULETTES, PAR CONVERSION DE CES DECHETS EN PRODUITS GAZEUX UTILISABLES ET EN RESIDUS SOLIDES INERTES. L'APPAREIL COMPREND UNE ENCEINTE VERTICALE 11 ET UNE SOLE ELARGIE 20 SITUEE AU-DESSOUS DE CETTE ENCEINTE. PLUSIEURS TUYERES 35 INTRODUISENT UN GAZ CONTENANT DE L'OXYGENE DANS LA SOLE. DOMAINE D'APPLICATION: ELIMINATION DE DECHETS ET D'ORDURES PAR INCINERATION.

Gas generator with fusion of ashes

Process for obtaining an invaluable fuel gas starting from sticking bituminous fuels

Improvement with the gas generators with fusion of ashes

Process and apparatus for the gasification of solid fuels

PROCESS Of ELIMINATION OF SOLID WASTE

MULTIPLEHYDROCYCLONE

PROCESS AND INSTALLATION OF TREATMENT OF THE REFUSE AND OTHER MATTERS OF REJECT

Improvements with the gas generators with fusion of ashes

SOLID REFUSE DISPOSAL APPARATUS

Apparatus for disposing of pelletized refuse by conversion to useful gaseous products and inert solid residue includes a vertical shaft with respect to a hearth. The volume of the hearth is determined by the pelletized refuse max. feed rate, the shaft min. equivalent dia. and the furnace pressure. An opening between the shaft and hearth has a min. cross-sectional area between 0.044 and 1.0 times the shaft min. cross-sectional area. Tuyeres are positioned at a vertical distance of less than 35% of the distance from the shaft-hearth connection to the hearth floor and are directed downward. The hearth configuration provides more complete combustion of the char produced in the pyrolysis zone. Copyright 1997 KIPO ...

FUEL AERATOR THAT FUNCTIONS UNDER HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE RECYCLING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES, AND EXPLOITATION OF THE WASTED SOLID RECOVERY FUEL

PROCEDE ET INSTALLATION POUR LA GAZEIFICATION DU CHARBON

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

Systems and methods are provided for producing hydrogen, based on reacting CO with water, and reconverting the resulting carbon dioxide to CO and recycling the same. In one aspect of the invention, the system and method are coupled to a waste processing plant.

PLASMA PYROLYSIS, GASIFICATION AND VITRIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL

Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.

GAS GENERATOR

PRODUCTION OF USABLE PRODUCTS FROM WASTE MATERIAL

Method of making methanol using a slagging gasifier

A process for producing methanol from solid carbonaceous material comprising providing a gasifier means and a methanol formation means connected to said gasifier means, said gasifier means comprising a gasification chamber defined by a gasification chamber wall having an upper and a lower portion, an upper chamber wall inlet means for feeding said solid carbonaceous material into said gasification chamber, a lower chamber wall gas injection means for introducing gas into said gasification chamber, and an upper chamber wall gas outlet means, said gas outlet being connected to a gas product conduit, said methanol formation means comprising a methanol formation reactor means, reactor output conduit means, condensor means, and condensor output conduit means, said reactor conduit means being connected to said lower chamber wall gas injection means, said condenser output conduit means being connected to said condenser means and to said methanol formation reactor means, said gas product conduit ...

GAS-PRODUCER.

Coal gasification plant

An easily removable unit connecting a pressurized gasifier vessel with a slag quenching chamber, wherein the unit consists of a flanged cylindrical tube arranged to carry the slag tap, burner and all services, supplies, electrical cables to and from the gasifier.

Process and apparatus for molten slag gasification of solid fuels

A process and an apparatus for molten slag gasification of solid fuels in a molten slag gasifier with increased output, an increased range of solid fuels that can be used and improved gas quality. The process is conducted such that, by means of a molten slag gasifier comprising a feed of the coarse-grained solid fuels and comprising a gas takeoff, both at the head of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a slag bath and comprising a slag bath takeoff at the bottom of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a feed for first gasifying means by means of gasifying means nozzles above the slag bath, comprising a filling of the fixed bed above the slag bath, in addition to the first gasifying means a second gasifying means are injected by way of at least one gasifying means nozzle that reaches into the upper region of the fixed bed.

BIOMASS GASIFICATION/PYROLYSIS SYSTEM AND PROCESS

A system and process capable of promoting the energy content of a syngas produced from a biomass material. The system and process entail compacting a loose biomass material and simultaneously introducing the compacted biomass material into an entrance of a reactor tube, and then heating the compacted biomass material within the tube to a temperature at which organic molecules within the biomass material break down to form ash and a fuel gas mixture. The fuel gas mixture is withdrawn from the tube and the ash is removed from the tube through an exit thereof. The entrance and exit of the tube, the compaction step, and the removal step cooperate to inhibit ingress of air into the tube by forming a plug of the biomass material at the entrance of the tube and a plug of ash at the exit of the tube. 1. A process of producing syngas from biomass materials and performed with a system comprising:a reactor containing a reactor tube having an internal passage within which a neutral atmospheric pressure exists, an entrance to the internal passage, and an exit to the internal passage, the reactor tube and the internal passage thereof being adapted to contain a compacted biomass material moving through the internal passage and to contain a pyrolysis reaction of the compacted biomass material by which a fuel gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases is formed therefrom within the reactor tube;means for compacting a loose biomass material and forming therefrom the compacted biomass at the entrance of the reactor tube;means for heating the compacted biomass material within the reactor tube to a temperature at which the pyrolysis reaction occurs whereby organic molecules within the compacted biomass material break down to form ash and the fuel gas mixture;means for withdrawing the fuel gas mixture from the reactor tube;means for removing the ash from the reactor tube through the exit thereof; andmeans comprising the compacting means, the entrance and the exit of the ...

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

A reactor enables gasification or melting of waste and additional feed materials. The reactor includes a co-current section with a plenum section and a feed section with a sluice. Feed materials are introduced into the reactor. The reactor further includes a buffer section and a pre-treatment section, which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section to create a cross-sectional enlargement. An intermediate section adjoins the pre-treatment section. An upper oxidation section adjoins a bottom of the intermediate section and includes tuyeres in at least one level. An upper reduction section adjoins a bottom of the upper oxidation section. The reactor further includes a gas outlet section. The reactor further includes a countercurrent section having a conical lower reduction section and a conical lower oxidation section adjoining the conical lower reduction section having at least one tuyere and at least one tapping. 1100. Reactor () for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials , the reactor comprising{'b': '110', 'claim-text': [{'b': '111', 'claim-text': [{'b': 112', '100, 'a feed section with a sluice () through which the feed materials are introduced into the reactor () from above,'}, {'b': 113', '112, 'a buffer section () located below the feed section (),'}, {'b': 114', '113', '140, 'a pre-treatment section () that is located below the bottom of the buffer section () and which has a cross-sectional enlargement in the upper area and a narrowing cross-section in the bottom area so that a discharge cone () of the feed material can form,'}, {'b': 119', '114', '114, 'at least one gas supply means () which open in the pre-treatment section () in the region of the cross-sectional enlargement of the pre-treatment section () and through which hot gases can be fed to the discharge cone, and'}, {'b': 115', '114, 'an intermediate section () that is located below the bottom of the pre-treatment section (),'}], 'a plenum section () comprising'}, {'b': 116', '115', '116', '117', ' ...

Reactor and Process for Gasifying and/or Melting of Feed Materials

This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO 2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

Waste gasification melting apparatus and waste gasification melting method using the same

Problem to be Solved To provide a waste gasification melting apparatus which, even if a fuel gas is used as an alternative to a part of the coke, the temperature of the coke bed can be sufficiently raised, and a method using the same. Solution A waste gasification melting apparatus including an oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 for blowing oxygen rich air into a tuyere 5 , and a fuel gas supply apparatus 15 for supplying a fuel gas to the tuyere 5 , and a controller 16 for controlling the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 ; the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 mixing air and oxygen to prepare oxygen rich air and supply the oxygen rich air to the tuyere 5 ; and the controller 16 controlling the amount of air to be mixed and the amount of oxygen to be mixed in the oxygen rich air supply apparatus 14 so as to give an oxygen concentration of the oxygen rich air in accordance with the amount of fuel gas supplied to the tuyere 5 from the fuel gas supply apparatus 15.

Gasification system

A gasification system method and apparatus to convert a feed stream containing at least some organic material into synthesis gas having a first region, a second region, a gas solid separator, and a means for controlling the flow of material from the first region to the second region. The feed stream is introduced into the system, and the feed stream is partially oxidized in the first region thereby creating a solid material and a gas material. The method further includes the steps of separating at least a portion of the solid material from the gas material with the gas solid separator, controlling the flow of the solid material into the second region from the first region, and heating the solid material in the second region with an electrical means.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS BY GASIFYING SOLID CARBON CARRIERS

A process for producing synthesis gas by gasifying a carbon carrier in a slurry having a significant content of phosphorus. According to the invention, the phosphorus compounds dissolved in the liquid phase of the suspension are at least partly precipitated by treating the suspension by increasing the pH of the suspension and/or increasing the concentration of metal cations in the suspension, before the suspension is heated further and subsequently applied to the gasification reactor. 110-. (canceled)11. A process for producing a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon oxides by gasifying a carbon carrier comprising phosphorus and ash formers , especially solid , phosphorus-containing biomass , comprising the following process steps:(a) providing a suspension (slurry) comprising carbon-containing solids in finely divided form and a liquid dispersant;(b) treating the suspension by increasing the pH of the suspension and/or increasing the concentration of metal cations in the suspension;(c) feeding the treated suspension to a gasification reactor and converting the treated suspension in the gasification reactor under gasification conditions with at least one gasifying agent to give a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon oxides;(d) discharging the synthesis gas from the gasification reactor and optionally feeding the synthesis gas to further conditioning and/or conversion steps; and(e) discharging a solid or liquid slag from the gasification reactor.12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein in process step (c) the pH is increased to values of at least 7.13. The process according to claim 11 , wherein in process step (c) the pH is increased to values of at least 9.14. The process according to claim 11 , wherein in process step (c) the pH is increased to values of at least 10.15. The process according to claim 11 , wherein in process step (c) the concentration of metal cations in the suspension is increased by adding salts which are at least partly ...

Method and Apparatus for Reduction of Tar in Gasification of Carbonaceous Materials

A method and assembly for producing substantially tar free product gas from gasification of carbonaceous material. The assembly preferably includes a first stage gasifier to produce char-ash and tar laden product gas and a second stage gasifier which has a char-ash heating zone, at least one cyclone, and at least one standpipe for the purpose of allowing selective delivery of char-ash to the char-ash heating zone. A char-ash heating zone that utilizes oxidation of char-ash is preferred and this results in the heat required to convert tar, additional yield of product gas, and an oxidized, activated carbon surface to facilitate tar conversion in the riser, thereby reducing the temperature required to achieve the desired tar conversion. Alternatively, external heat is supplied to the heating zone. 1. A method for producing product gas substantially free of tar by gasification of carbonaceous material wherein said method comprises: producing char-ash and tar laden product gas in a first stage of gasification and transporting said char-ash and tar laden product gas to a second stage of gasification where at least a portion of said tar is converted to less problematic tar.2. The method of wherein said second stage of gasification comprises heating of said char-ash.3. The second stage of gasification of wherein heating of said char-ash comprises partial oxidation to generate heat claim 2 , additional product gas claim 2 , and activated char-ash.4. The method of wherein said partial oxidation increases the catalytic effect of char-ash for said conversion of tar.5. The method of comprising conditions favoring tar conversion and the partial oxidation of char-ash results in an increase in product gas production.6. The method of wherein conversion of said at least a portion of tar includes conversion to less problematic tar to reduce at least one effect selected from the group consisting of: agglomeration claim 1 , coke formation claim 1 , plugging claim 1 , tar condensation ...

SANDWICH GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS TO CLEAN SYNGAS WITH ZERO RESIDUAL CARBON DISCHARGE

The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to an evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar.

SANDWICH GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS TO CLEAN SYNGAS WITH ZERO RESIDUAL CARBON DISCHARGE

The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to an evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar. 120-. (canceled)21. A mixed-mode gasification process comprising:providing a fuel;providing a gasifier having a fuel injection port, an ash or residue extraction port, an outer periphery, and at least the following zones: an evaporation and devolatilization zone, a first exothermic oxidation zone, a second exothermic oxidation zone, a third exothermic oxidation zone, a first endothermic reduction zone located directly next to and sandwiched between the first and second exothermic oxidation zones, and a second endothermic reduction zone located directly next to and sandwiched between the first and third exothermic oxidation zones, the first exothermic oxidation zone located on a side of the gasifier next to the fuel injection port and upstream from the first and second endothermic reduction zones, the second and third exothermic oxidation zones located on a side of the gasifier next to the ash or residue extraction port; andproviding an aerodynamic propulsive device to transfer devolatilized products from the evaporation and devolatilization zone to the second and third exothermic oxidation zones.22. The process of claim 21 , wherein the evaporation and devolatilization zone is disposed ...

COMBINED GASIFICATION AND VITRIFICATION SYSTEM

An optimized gasification/vitrification processing system having a gasification unit which converts organic materials to a hydrogen rich gas and ash in communication with a joule heated vitrification unit which converts the ash formed in the gasification unit into glass, and a plasma which converts elemental carbon and products of incomplete combustion formed in the gasification unit into a hydrogen rich gas. 1. A method for processing a feedstock including at least some organic materials , the method comprising:gasifying the feedstock in a downdraft gasifier to produce a gasified feedstock having a gas portion and a solid portion;moving at least some of the solid portion into a vitrification unit;at least one of pyrolizing or gasifying at least some of the solid portion in the vitrification unit by exposing the solid portion to plasma.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein gasifying the feedstock in a downdraft gasifier to produce a gasified feedstock having a gas portion and a solid portion includes partially gasifying the feedstock.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein moving at least some of the solid portion into a vitrification unit includes controlling a transport mechanism to move at least some of the solid portion.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the transport mechanism includes one or more of an auger claim 3 , a rake claim 3 , an agitating grate claim 3 , one or more rotating drums claim 3 , or a piston.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vitrification unit includes a molten glass bath.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of pyrolizing or gasifying at least some of the solid portion in the vitrification unit by exposing the solid portion to plasma includes producing plasma with one or more plasma electrodes in the vitrification unit.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of pyrolizing or gasifying at least some of the solid portion in the vitrification unit by exposing the solid portion to plasma includes producing hydrogen rich gas from ...

SANDWICH GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS TO CLEAN SYNGAS WITH ZERO RESIDUAL CARBON DISCHARGE

The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar. 1. A mixed-mode gasification process comprising:providing a gasifier having a fuel injection port and an ash or residue extraction port, a first exothermic oxidation zone, a second exothermic oxidation zone, a third exothermic oxidation zone, a first endothermic reduction zone located directly next to and sandwiched between the first and second exothermic oxidation zones, and a second endothermic reduction zone located directly next to and sandwiched between the first and third exothermic oxidation zones, the first exothermic oxidation zone located on a side of the gasifier next to the fuel injection port and upstream from the first and second endothermic reduction zones, the second and third exothermic oxidation zones located on a side of the gasifier next to the ash or residue extraction port.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second and third exothermic oxidation zones have a temperature that is higher than the first exothermic oxidation zone.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the gasifier further comprises at least two different gasification medium injection zones.4. The process of claim 3 , further comprising providing at least two separate gasification medium.5. The process ...

PLASMA GASIFICATION REACTOR AND METHOD

The invention is related to a reactor () comprising at least one temperature unit () which provides high temperature, at least one waste inlet () from which the fuel and/or wastes are fed to the reactor (), at least one reactant inlet ( and/or and/or ), at least one melt outlet () which provides exiting of the melts formed by inorganic substances coming from the fuel and/or wastes via heat, at least one high temperature region () where endothermic reactions occur and a gas outlet () which provides that the fuel and/or wastes entering to the reactor () are directed to the high temperature region () such that the gasification does not start before they enter to this region () and therefore, where the gases leaving the reactor () as a result of the reaction exit from the reactor () by passing through the high temperature region () and which has a different openness from the waste inlet (); having a high temperature region () positioned between the waste inlet () and gas outlet (), and body () which has a form providing that the wastes pass through the high temperature region () such that the gasification does not start before the fuel and/or wastes entering to the reactor () enter to the high temperature region () and therefore, that the gases having at least 1200° C. temperature exit from the reactor () and to the working method () of this reactor (). 1) A reactor comprising at least one temperature unit which provides high temperature , at least one waste inlet where fuel and/or wastes are fed to the reactor , at least one reactant inlet , at least one melt outlet which provides exiting of melts formed by inorganic substances coming from the fuel and/or wastes via heat; characterized by comprising at least one high temperature region where endothermic reactions occur and a gas outlet which provides that the fuel and/or wastes are directed to the high temperature region such that gasification does not start before they enter to this region and therefore , the gases ...

用于去除熔渣的气流床气化炉及方法

气流床气化炉反应器包括容器和在容器内的第一衬套。第一衬套围绕容器中的反应区延伸并且具有相对于反应区的入口端和出口端。第一衬套包括在出口端处的滴嘴。隔离器设置在滴嘴附近。隔离器是可操作的，以使所述滴嘴与所述反应区下游的急冷区热隔离，使得滴嘴处的熔渣保持熔融。

Slag handling system

A batch slag handling system for gasifiers and the like which operate under pressure, has a lockhopper receiving the slag under pressure and dispensing it after depressurization. The slag is ground and combined with water for transport to a slag sump where it is dewatered and then removed from the site. Sluice water is provided by a closed loop system.

Method of operation of blast furnace and system for producing molten iron and reducing gas

1. Способ работы доменной печи , включающий загрузку шихты через колошник, ввод в шихту углеродсодержащих компонентов, например угл , предварительньй нагрев шихты в шахте и плавление в заплечиках, сжигание углеродистых материалов в фурменной зоне нагретым дутьем, обогащенным кислородом, вьтуск жидких продуктов плавки из нижней части горна, удаление газов через колошник , отличающийс  тем, что, с целью повышени  эффективности работы доменной печи при получении высококачественного восстановительного газа и удешевлени  производст;ва , в верхнюю часть заплечиков ввод т газ, содержащий С02 и , при температуре вьше , поддержива  при этом температуру газа в нижней части шахты на уровне , и удал ют часть восстановительного газа, содержащего СО, Н и Nj и практически свободного от COj , и S из нижней части шахты на двух различных горизонтах. 2. Система дл  производства жидкого чугуна и восстановительного газа, состо ща  из двзгх доменных печей, кажда  из которых содержит р д дутьевых фурм в верхней части горна, соединенных трзгбопроводами дл  передачи восстановительного газа из одной печи в другую, отличающа с  тем, что, с целью повышени  эффективности работы системы по качеству и количеству производимых продуктов плавки и удешевлени  их производства, кажда  печь дополнительно содержит один 00 р д фурм, размещенных в верхней части заплечиков, и два р да фурм, расположенных в нижней части шахты, до оэ причем два р да фурм, расположенных в нижней части шахты одной из печей , соединены по меньшей мере с одним р дом фурм в этой же зоне другой печи. 1. The method of operation of a blast furnace, including loading the charge through the throat, introducing carbon-containing components into the mixture, such as coal, preheating the mixture in the mine and melting in the shoulders, burning carbon materials in the tuyere zone with heated oxygen-enriched blast, blowing out liquid products from the bottom part of the hearth, the removal of gases through the top, characterized in that, ...

Process and apparatus for producing hot gases from coal

A pressure container forms a shaft gasifier for receiving coarse coal in the form of a coal bed. A burner extends through the pressure container into a chamber therein and produces at least one primary gas jet directed against the coal bed, thereby gasifying the coal and generating a product gas and forming liquid slag. The liquid slag collects in a slag bath tank having an overflow weir over which the collected slag flows and falls freely toward a cooling water bath beneath the chamber. A water jet nozzle directs at least one water jet against the liquid slag as it falls freely between the weir and the cooling water bath. This atomizes the liquid slag, thereby cooling the slag and generating steam. At least a part of the steam is supplied as process steam to the coarse coal.

Экологически чистый способ получения энергии из угля (варианты)

Изобретение относится к способам получения энергии из угля. Экологически чистый способ получения энергии из угля заключается в том, что уголь загружают в герметичную реакционную камеру с загрузочным и разгрузочным концами, уголь перемещают внутри реакционной камеры к загрузочному концу. В реакционную камеру инжектируют по существу чистый кислород, предназначенный для сжигания порции угля под давлением в восстановительной атмосфере с получением тепловой энергии, необходимой для извлечения из угля летучих веществ, и обогащенного водородом неочищенного сжатого газа, содержащего выделенные из угля канцерогенные дистилляты и углеводороды вместе с горячим полукоксом. Содержащиеся в обогащенном водородом неочищенном газе выделенные из угля канцерогенные дистилляты и углеводороды подвергают крекингу с получением обогащенного водородом крекинг-газа, из которого после десульфуризации получают очищенный обогащенный водородом синтез-газ. Горячий полукокс направляют в герметичный газификатор, где его газифицируют окислителем с получением второго неочищенного газа и расплавленного шлака. Из газификатора выводят второй неочищенный газ вместе с расплавленным шлаком через общий патрубок, открытый для свободного прохода второго неочищенного газа и расплавленного шлака. Второй неочищенный газ отделяют от расплавленного шлака после их выхода из газификатора через общий патрубок и направляют его в систему очистки с получением очищенного второго газа и расплавленный шлак быстро охлаждают с получением из него бесщелочного твердого вещества. Описано также еще два варианта получения энергии из угля. Изобретение позволяет получать газ, образующий при сжигании очень небольшое количество оксидов азота NOx, но со значительным количеством водорода, а также получать углерод, который можно использовать в качестве кокса или активированного угля. 3 н. и 37 з.п. ф-лы. 3 табл., 7 ил. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 287 010 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/08 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ...

Method For Producing Clean Energy From Coal

본 발명은 가압된 수소 농후 미가공 가스와 고온 분체 연료를 산출하도록 석탄의 일부를 연소시키기 위해 산소를 주입하면서 대기와 밀봉된 반응기(10) 내에 석탄을 공급하고 반응기(10) 내의 석탄을 이동시킴으로써 석탄으로부터 청정 에너지를 생산하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. 상기 수소 농후 가스는 증류 물질과 탄화수소를 제거하기 위해 열분해 컴파트먼트(21)에서 열분해되고 합성 가스를 생산하기 위해 탈황된다. 고온 분체 연료는 공통 포트(23)를 통해 가스화기 외부로 공동으로 지향되는 연료 가스와 용융 슬래그를 생산하기 위해 공기 송풍 가스화기(11)에서 가스화된다. 분리된 후에 연료 가스는 연소시에 매우 낮은 NO X 방출을 갖는 가스를 생산하기 위해 탈황된다. The present invention provides coal by supplying coal into the atmosphere and sealed reactor 10 and moving coal in reactor 10 while injecting oxygen to burn a portion of coal to produce pressurized hydrogen rich crude gas and hot powder fuel. From a method for producing clean energy from the wastewater. The hydrogen rich gas is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis compartment 21 to remove distillate and hydrocarbons and desulfurized to produce syngas. The hot powdered fuel is gasified in the air blow gasifier 11 to produce molten slag and fuel gas that is commonly directed out of the gasifier through a common port 23. After separation, the fuel gas is desulfurized to produce a gas with very low NO x emissions upon combustion.

Device for gasification of mineral fuels

Plant comprising a reactor, particularly for the gaseification of fossil fuels, the components coming out of the reactor still having temperatures in the range of 1500`C. In order to influence the flow, it is appropriate to vary the outlet section (35) of the reactor. According to the invention, this is to be carried out while incurring small expenses, and to this effect a good thermal insulation has to be provided also in the connection portion through which the components of the reaction are directed to the other portion of the plant (36, 37). It is proposed that, between the connection portion (14, 15) and the portion comprising the duct or plant (36, 37), there is provided an intermediary ring. This ring has also a refractory coating (34) and its inner section area determines the smallest output section of the connection portion.

Slag handling system

一种批量处理炉渣的系统，用于在加压状态下工作的气化器之类的装置，该系统具有接收加压的炉渣和在减压后将炉渣分散的活门料斗。将炉渣磨碎并与水混合以便传输到一炉渣贮存器，在其中炉渣被脱水然后由现场移走。由一闭合回路系统提供冲水。

Apparatus for treating wastes (modifications)

1. Coal gasification plant with a water bath in the reactor, and/or in a subsequent waste heat boiler, which receives slag containing combustible components, which are discharged together with the water, are separated from water in a separator with a settling vessel, and are delivered back again to the reactor, characterised in that the separator contains a drum screen (16).

System and process for reduction of greenhouse gas and conversion of biomass

A system and process for reducing atmospheric greenhouse gas, particularly carbon dioxide, uses, in some forms, a reactor, such as a plasma gasification reactor (PGR), to chemically reduce sequestered carbon dioxide with high heat in a carbonaceous bed to form gaseous products then used above the bed to convert biomass to lighter hydrocarbons, as well as hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In some arrangements the sequestered carbon dioxide supplied to a reactor is derived from a power plant's exhaust. The gaseous products of a reactor may be supplied to an additional reactor for processing to form liquid fuels or may be supplied as gas fuel to an electric power plant or otherwise combusted. Where the output of the CO 2 conversion and the biomass conversion is converted to liquid fuels, such as ethanol, such fuels may be either applied as transportation fuels or used to generate electric power, among other uses.

Process for controlling sulfur in a fermentation syngas feed stream

Ethanol and other liquid products are produced from biomass using gasification of the biomass to produce a syngas containing CO2, CO, H2 and sulfur or sulfur compounds that passes the syngas to a fermentation step for the conversion of the CO and CO2 and H2 to ethanol. Sulfur and sulfur compounds in the syngas are used to satisfy sulfur demanded by bacteria in the fermentation step. A sulfur control additive is added to the gasification to control syngas sulfur and sulfur compounds at a desired concentration to meet bacteria sulfur demand.

Waste gasification and melting apparatus and waste gasification and melting method

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CARBON GASIFICATION

SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING COAL IN GAS OF A SPECIFIC COMPOSITION

1. Система газификации для ступенчатого преобразования угля в газ определенного состава и твердый остаток, причем упомянутая система газификации содержит: ! конвертер с огнеупорной футеровкой с некоторым количеством входов и некоторым количеством выходов, содержащий одну или больше зон газификации и одну или больше зон плазменного риформинга газа, причем каждая из одной или нескольких зон газификации предназначена для одной или больше операций сушки, испарения или преобразования обуглившегося материала в золу; ! один или больше плазменных источников нагрева для подачи регулируемой теплоты плазмы в одну или больше зон плазменного риформинга газа и ! интегрированную систему управления для измерения параметров системы и осуществления регулировок, влияющих на состав конечного газа, содержащую: ! средство для перемещения материала через одну или несколько зон газификации; ! средство для регулирования входного расхода сырья; ! средство для регулирования теплоты плазмы и ! средство для регулирования входного расхода добавок, причем регулировки основаны на измеряемых изменениях параметров системы для поддержания таких параметров в допустимых диапазонах с целью получения конечного газа определенного состава. ! 2. Система по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что одна или больше зон газификации являются горизонтально ориентированными зонами газификации. ! 3. Система по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что одна или больше зон газификации являются вертикально ориентированными зонами газификации. ! 4. Система по любому одному из пунктов 1-3, кроме того содержащая подсистему обработки твердого остатка. ! 6. Система по любому одному из пунктов РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2007 146 272 (13) A (51) МПК C10J 3/18 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007146272/15, 05.06.2006 (71) Заявитель(и): Пласко Энерджи Групп Инк., (CA) (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 03.06.2005 US 60/687,475 05.06.2006 US 60/797, ...

Briquette comprising caking coal and municipal solid waste

Briquettes of specified geometry and composition are produced to serve as feed material or "burden" in a moving-burden gasifier for the production of a synthesis or fuel gas from organic solid waste materials and coal, including especially, the so-called "caking" coals, as in the process of copending application number 675-918. The briquettes are formed from a well-blended mixture of shredded organic solid wastes, including especially, municipal solid waste (MSW) or biomass, and crushed caking coal, including coal fines. A binder material may or may not be required, depending on the coal/MSW ratio and the compaction pressure employed. The briquettes may be extruded, stamped, or pressed, employing compaction pressures in excess of 1000 psi, and preferably in the range of 2000 to 10,000 psi. The briquettes may be circular, polygonal, or irregular in cross-section; they may be solid, or concentrically perforated to form a hollow cylinder or polygon; they may be formed into saddles, pillows or doughnuts. The ratio of caking coal to shredded municipal solid waste is controlled so that each part of the predominately cellulosic organic solid waste will be blended with 0.5 to 3.0 parts of crushed coal. Suitable binder materials include dewatered sewage sludge (DSS), "black liquor" rich in lignin derivatives, black strap molasses, waste oil, and starch. The binder concentration is preferably in the range of 2 to 6 percent. If coals high in sulfur content are to be processed, at least a stoichiometric equivalent of dolomite may be included in the briquette formulation to eliminate a major fraction of the sulfur with the slag.

Process for the production of fuel gas from coal

An improved apparatus and process for the conversion of hydrocarbonaceous materials, such as coal, to more valuable gaseous products in a fluidized bed gasification reaction and efficient withdrawal of agglomerated ash from the fluidized bed is disclosed. The improvements are obtained by introducing an oxygen containing gas into the bottom of the fluidized bed through a separate conduit positioned within the center of a nozzle adapted to agglomerate and withdraw the ash from the bottom of the fluidized bed. The conduit extends above the constricted center portion of the nozzle and preferably terminates within and does not extend from the nozzle. In addition to improving ash agglomeration and withdrawal, the present invention prevents sintering and clinkering of the ash in the fluidized bed and permits the efficient recycle of fine material recovered from the product gases by contacting the fines in the fluidized bed with the oxygen as it emanates from the conduit positioned within the withdrawal nozzle. Finally, the present method of oxygen introduction permits the efficient recycle of a portion of the product gases to the reaction zone to increase the reducing properties of the hot product gas.

METHOD FOR OPERATING A SYSTEM FOR GASIFYING SOLID FUELS

Manufacturing method of briquettes with direct usage of coal with wide particle distribution by dimensions, method and facility with usage of this method

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to receiving of coal briquette, used during the receiving of liquid cast iron in facility for melting-gasification. For receiving of coal briquettes with usage of coal with wide particles distribution by dimensions implemented initial classification of the first group of coal by particles sizes for receiving of fine coal. Fine coal is mixed to the second group of the coil with the mean reflection coefficient (Rm) 0.8 or higher. Coal mixture including fine coal from the first group of coal and the second group of coal are dried and implemented secondary classification of this coal mixture by particles size with receiving of sizes of coal grains equal or less than established dimension for charging in facility of melting-gasification. To the coal mixture with grain size equal or less than established size for charging into facility of melting-gasification it is added curing agent and molasses binder, there are mixed and manufactured coal briquettes by means of moulding of this coal mixture. EFFECT: development of effective method of receiving of coal briquettes, used during the receiving of liquid cast iron in facility for melting-gasification. 34 cl, 4 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 353 660 (13) C2 (51) МПК C21B 13/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2006126829/02, 26.01.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 26.01.2005 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.03.2008 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2188239 С2, 27.08.2002. US 6332911 В, 25.12.2001. ЕР 0315825 B1, 17.05.1989. SU 830200 A, 15.05.1981. (73) Патентообладатель(и): ПОСКО (KR) 2 3 5 3 6 6 0 R U (86) Заявка PCT: KR 2005/000218 (26.01.2005) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 28.08.2006 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2005/071119 (04.08.2005) Адрес для переписки: 191036, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 24 ...

Slag treatment system

가압하에 작동하는 기화기 등을 위한 회분식 슬래그 처리 시스템은 가압하에 슬래그를 수납해서 감압 후에 이 슬래그를 분배하는 락호퍼를 갖는다. 이 슬래그를 분쇄하고, 이어서 물과 혼합해서 슬래그 섬프로 이송시키며, 여기서 탈수시키고 이어서 현장에서 제거한다. 배수는 닫혀진 환상시스템으로 행한다. A batch slag treatment system for a vaporizer or the like operating under pressure has a lock hopper that receives the slag under pressure and distributes the slag after depressurization. This slag is crushed and then mixed with water and sent to the slag sump where it is dehydrated and subsequently removed in situ. Drainage is done in a closed annular system.

Sandwich gasification process for high-efficiency conversion of carbonaceous fuels to clean syngas with zero residual carbon discharge

The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and de volatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar.

Entrained flow coal gasifier

Abstract of the disclosure An entrained flow coal gasifier wherein a high temperature product gas stream is essentially formed by burning char with air. Additional char, formed by partial gasification of coal, is added immediately thereafter to obtain the gasification reaction. Fresh coal is thereafter supplied in a lower temperature region thereby obtaining the volatile components driven off at a relatively low temperature.

Gas-gas quench cooling and solids separation

ABSTRACT A hot raw gas stream, as produced by the partial oxidation of a solid carbonaceous fuel such as coal, is partially cooled and cleaned to remove entrained solid matter and slag. A novel gas - gas quench cooling and solids separation apparatus is employed. The apparatus comprises a closed cylindrical insulated vertical pressure vessel containing a lower quench chamber in communication with an upper solids separation chamber. The hot raw gas stream is cooled in the lower chamber to a temperature below the initial deformation temperature of the entrained slag by impinge-ment and direct heat exchange with an oppositely directed coaxial stream of cooled, cleaned, and compressed recycle quench gas. The stream of cooled gas leaving the turbulent lower chamber passes up through a choke-ring into the compar-atively calmer upper chamber counter-currently with solid slag-droplets which separate out by gravity. Residual solid particles are removed from the gas stream by at least one cyclone separator located in the upper chamber. A portion of the cooled and cleaned gas stream leaving the vessel, with further cooling and with or without further cleaning downstream is recycled back to the vessel for use as said quench gas. Slag particles and other solid matter that are separated within the prosier vessel are removed at the bottom of the lower chamber.

BRIQUETTE AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GASEOUS EFFLUENT RICH IN HYDROGEN AND CARBON OXIDE

Procédé de production d'un effluent gazeux riche en hydrogène et en oxyde de carbone à partir de briquettes. Les briquettes utilisées comprennent un mélange comprimé constitué d'une biomasse solide, d'un charbon agglutinant et d'un liant, le charbon agglutinant étant utilisé à raison d'une proportion, en poids, comprise entre 0,5 et 3,0 de charbon pour 1 partie de biomasse. Domaine d'application : production de gaz naturel. Process for producing a gaseous effluent rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide from briquettes. The briquettes used comprise a compressed mixture consisting of a solid biomass, of a binding carbon and of a binder, the binding carbon being used in a proportion, by weight, of between 0.5 and 3.0 of charcoal for 1 part of biomass. Field of application: production of natural gas.

DEVICE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF HIGH ASH CONTENT SUSPENSION FUELS

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE REDUCTION OF OXIDIZED MATERIAL, WITH SIMULTANEOUS GENERATION OF A GAS SUITABLE AS FUEL GAS

METHOD FOR OPERATING A GASIFICATION FACILITY FOR SOLID FUELS

PROCEDE POUR L'EXPLOITATION D'UNE INSTALLATION DE GAZEIFICATION DE COMBUSTIBLES SOLIDES. AU REACTEUR 1, ON ENVOIE PAR LE CONDUIT 2 DU COKE DE PETROLE. PAR LE CONDUIT 3, ON Y ENVOIE UN CARBONATE DE METAL ALCALIN, DE MANIERE A TRANSFORMER LE VANADIUM CONTENU DANS LE COKE DE PETROLE EN COMPOSES HYDROSOLUBLES. INDUSTRIE CHIMIQUE. PROCESS FOR THE OPERATION OF A SOLID FUEL GASING PLANT. TO REACTOR 1, OIL COKE IS SENT THROUGH LINE 2. THROUGH DUCT 3, AN ALKALINE METAL CARBONATE IS SENT THERE, SO AS TO TRANSFORM THE VANADIUM CONTAINED IN THE OIL COKE INTO WATER-SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS. CHEMICAL INDUSTRY.

Down draught producer - for gasification of coall e.g. for use in internal combustion engines

Down-draught gas producer, the air intake of which is formed by the open top through which the fuel is also supplied. Particularly for use with i.c. engines. No variation in gas quality is caused by the feed of fuel; removal of ash and clinker can be carried out continuously.

Molten material outlet

ABSTRACT An outlet tap featuring a shallow aperture circumscribed by two drip lines is disclosed. The second drip line circumscribes the first drip line and is substantially coplanar with the first drip line. The two drip lines are connected one to the other by an annular hollow surface.

PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR REDUCING OXIDIZED MATERIAL WITH SIMULTANEOUS GENERATION OF APPROPRIATE GAS FOR THE RECOVERY OF THERMAL ENERGY

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA REDUCTION DE MATIERE OXYDEE. IL COMPREND LES ETAPES SUIVANTES: A.PRODUCTION D'UN GAZ REDUCTEUR CONTENANT PRINCIPALEMENT DU MONOXYDE DE CARBONE ET DE L'HYDROGENE, A PARTIR D'UNE MATIERE DE DEPART CARBONEE ETOU HYDROCARBONEE. B.ETABLISSEMENT DU GAZ REDUCTEUR AINSI PRODUIT A UNE TEMPERATURE APPROPRIEE POUR LE PROCEDE DE REDUCTION SUIVANT ET ENSUITE INTRODUCTION DU GAZ DANS UN FOUR A CUVE 1 CONTENANT LA MATIERE OXYDEE DEVANT ETRE REDUITE. C.ELIMINATION D'ESSENTIELLEMENT TOUTE L'EAU ET DES PARTICULES DU TYPE POUSSIERES DU GAZ REDUCTEUR. D.EVACUATION D'AU MOINS UNE PARTIE DE L'ECOULEMENT DE GAZ DE RETOUR AINSI TRAITE. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR THE REDUCTION OF OXIDIZED MATERIAL. IT INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING STEPS: A.PRODUCTION OF A REDUCING GAS CONTAINING PRIMARILY CARBON MONOXIDE AND HYDROGEN, FROM A CARBON AND OR HYDROCARBON STARTING MATERIAL. B. ESTABLISHING THE REDUCING GAS THUS PRODUCED AT A SUITABLE TEMPERATURE FOR THE FOLLOWING REDUCTION PROCESS AND THEN INTRODUCING THE GAS INTO A TANK OVEN 1 CONTAINING THE OXIDIZED MATERIAL TO BE REDUCED. C. ELIMINATE ESSENTIAL ALL WATER AND DUST-TYPE PARTICLES FROM THE REDUCING GAS. D. EVACUATION OF AT LEAST PART OF THE RETURN GAS FLOW AS TREATED.

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL PROCESS

MAINTAINED COAL CURRENT GASIFIER

Gazéificateur à courant de charbon entretenu. Le procédé d'exploitation selon l'invention consiste essentiellement à introduire du charbon frais dans une zone d'élimination à basse température des produits volatils en un emplacement situé en aval de la zone de réduction, de façon à éliminer les constituants volatils de ce charbon frais et à refroidir le courant de gaz à une température inférieure à celle à laquelle une réaction de gazéification des produits de carbonisation a lieu. Application à la production de gaz combustible. Maintained coal stream gasifier. The operating method according to the invention essentially consists in introducing fresh coal into a zone for removing volatile products at low temperature at a location located downstream of the reduction zone, so as to eliminate the volatile constituents of this coal. cool and cooling the gas stream to a temperature below that at which a gasification reaction of the carbonization products takes place. Application to the production of combustible gas.

Process for the gasification of fuels using an ash-melting gasifier

Patent FR2106210A5

Device for the elimination of bottom ash in liquid state in gasifiers

CARBONACEOUS GASIFICATION

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA PRODUCTION D'UN GAZ CHAUD CONSTITUE PRINCIPALEMENT DE CO ET H A PARTIR D'UN MATERIAU DE DEPART CARBONE POUR LEQUEL LE CONTENU CALORIFIQUE PHYSIQUE DU MELANGE SORTANT DE LA CHAMBRE DE GAZEIFICATION 1 EST UTILISE DANS LE LIT DE MATIERE EN MORCEAUX POUR REDUIRE LA TENEUR EN DIOXYDE DE CARBONE ET EAU DU GAZ, LE GAZ SORTANT DE LA CUVE 2 PRESENTANT UNE TEMPERATURE ET UNE COMPOSITION APPROPRIEE. THE INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A HOT GAS CONSTITUTES MAINLY OF CO AND HA FROM A CARBON STARTING MATERIAL FOR WHICH THE PHYSICAL CALORIFIC CONTENT OF THE MIXTURE LEAVING THE GAZEIFICATION CHAMBER 1 IS USED IN THE MATERIAL BED IN PIECES TO REDUCE THE CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER CONTENT OF THE GAS, THE GAS LEAVING FROM TANK 2 SHOWING A SUITABLE TEMPERATURE AND COMPOSITION.

Patent FR2483572B1

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS SUBSTANTIALLY CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND YDROGEN FROM CARBON-CONTAINING AND / OR HYDROCARBON-BASED RAW MATERIAL

L'INVENTION CONCERNE L'INDUSTRIE CHIMIQUE. ELLE A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE POUR PRODUIRE UN GAZ CONTENANT SENSIBLEMENT DU MONOXYDE DE CARBONE ET DE L'HYDROGENE A PARTIR D'UNE MATIERE PREMIERE CONTENANT DU CARBONE ETOU UN HYDROCARBURE, SUIVANT LEQUEL ON INJECTE LA MATIERE PREMIERE SOUS FORME PULVERULENTE OU LIQUIDE EN MEME TEMPS QU'UN AGENT OXYDANT ET QU'UN FORMATEUR DE LAITIER DANS UNE ZONE DE COMBUSTION 1 DANS LAQUELLE ON ENTRETIENT SIMULTANEMENT UN APPORT D'ENERGIE THERMIQUE. LA ZONE DE COMBUSTION EST MENAGEE DANS LA PARTIE INFERIEURE D'UNE CUVE REMPLIE D'UNE MATIERE CARBONEE SOLIDE PARTICULAIRE ET D'UN FORMATEUR DE LAITIER FIXANT LE SOUFRE. CE PROCEDE EST PREFERE POUR PRODUIRE DU GAZ DE SYNTHESE PUR. THE INVENTION CONCERNS THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. THE SUBJECT OF IT IS A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A GAS SENSITIVELY CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND HYDROGEN FROM A RAW MATERIAL CONTAINING CARBON AND OR HYDROCARBON, FOLLOWING WHICH THE RAW MATERIAL IS INJECTED IN THE SAME TIME OR LIPS. THAT AN OXIDIZING AGENT AND A MILK TRAINER IN A COMBUSTION ZONE 1 IN WHICH A SUPPLY OF THERMAL ENERGY IS SIMULTANEOUSLY MAINTAINED. THE COMBUSTION ZONE IS PROVIDED IN THE LOWER PART OF A TANK FILLED WITH A PARTICULAR SOLID CARBON MATERIAL AND A MILK FORMER FIXING SULFUR. THIS PROCESS IS PREFERRED FOR PRODUCING PURE SYNTHESIS GAS.

Ashy fuel gasification process

Gasification melting furnace for wastes and gasification melting method

로 축을 따라서 아래쪽으로 향하여 지연성 가스를 로 내로 불어넣는 승강 가능한 로 중심랜스, 지연성 가스를 불어넣는 각도를 로 축방향으로부터 어긋나게 배치한 1단 이상의 상부 튜이어, 지연성 가스 또는 지연성 가스 및 연료를, 로 축을 향하여 내뿜는 배치로, 로 내로 돌출하여 설치한 1단 이상의 하부 튜이어튜이어튜이어화 용융로를 사용하는 것에 의해, 가스화 용융로 내에 저온영역의 발생을 방지할 수 있고, 폐기물의 연소처리를 하기 위한 발화점을 집중화하는 것이 가능하게 된다. 그 결과, 부가가치가 높은 용융 슬래그 및 각종 금속, 또한 에너지 가스를 안정되게 회수할 수 있다. 또한, 로 중심랜스에 의해 형성되는 발화점의 직경(df) 과 로 내경(D)의 비를, 로 중심랜스의 상하 이동에 의해, df/D≤0.6이 되도록 제어하면, 폐기물의 연소처리를 하기 위한 발화점을 더욱 집중화하는 것이 가능하게 된다. 그 결과, 부가가치가 높은 용융 슬래그 및 각종 금속, 또한 에너지 가스를 보다 더 안정되게 회수할 수 있다.

A process for operating a reactor for the gasification of solid fuels

SAETTING OVER ANORDING FOR FRAMSTAELLNING AV EN HUVUDSAKLIGEN COOKS OCH VAETGAS INNEHAOLLANDE GAS UR KOL- OCH / ELLER KOLV AEEHALTIGT UTGAONGSMATERIAL

Rapid gasification gasifier

Disposal of solid waste

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GAS PRESENTLY FROM CO AND H2 BY MEANS OF PLASMA HEATING IN A SHAFT OVEN

Plasma pyrolysis, gasification and vitrification of organic material

Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.

Coal gasification apparatus and its running method

Device for gasifying coal

Apparatus for the gasification of coal

A pressure container forms a shaft gasifier for receiving coarse coal in the form of a coal bed. A burner extends through the pressure container into a chamber therein and produces at least one primary gas jet directed against the coal bed, thereby gasifying the coal and generating a product gas and forming liquid slag. The liquid slag collects in a slag bath tank having an overflow weir over which the collected slag flows and falls freely toward a cooling water bath beneath the chamber. A water jet nozzle directs at least one water jet against the liquid slag as it falls freely between the weir and the cooling water bath. This atomizes the liquid slag, thereby cooling the slag and generating steam. At least a part of the steam is supplied as process steam to the coarse coal.

Co-current shaft reactor

Process and apparatus for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the gasification of raw materials

A process for the production of pure syngas (hydrogen and carbon dioxide) by fast gasification of liquid, muddy, or solid raw materials, either produced for the purpose or from industrial processes in which they can not be recycled, or fuels from wastes or biomass, which process is carried out in a modular reactor including a raw materials feeding area, a gasification area, a discharging area of the residues in powdery or vitrified form. The obtained syngas is sent to a purification and compression step.

Method for preventing disturbances in the operation of gasifiers with liquid slag discharge

Method for the gasification of coal

A pressure container forms a shaft gasifier for receiving coarse coal in the form of a coal bed. A burner extends through the pressure container into a chamber therein and produces at least one primary gas jet directed against the coal bed, thereby gasifying the coal and generating a product gas and forming liquid slag. The liquid slag collects in a slag bath tank having an overflow weir over which the collected slag flows and falls freely toward a cooling water bath beneath the chamber. A water jet nozzle directs at least one water jet against the liquid slag as it falls freely between the weir and the cooling water bath. This atomizes the liquid slag, thereby cooling the slag and generating steam. At least a part of the steam is supplied as process steam to the coarse coal.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF METHANOLIC GAS

System for detecting faults in the wall of a high-temperature pressure vessel

A system for detecting faults in the wall of a high-temperature pressure vessel, such as a fuel gasifier. The wall comprises an outer metallic shell having an inner refractory lining, together with cooling tubes extending along the refractory lining. In order to detect a fault, such as a rupture in a cooling tube and resultant melting of the refractory in the vicinity of the fault, one or more electrical conductors are embedded in the refractory and connected at their opposite ends to an external energizing circuit such that when the refractory melts, so also will the conductor, thereby breaking the circuit to indicate the existence of the fault.

Oxygen refuse converter

Apparatus for disposing of refuse by converting it to useful gaseous products and inert solid residue comprising a vertical metal shaft frusto-pyramidally shaped at the base, having vapor-tight inlet means for refuse and oxygen and outlet means for product gas and molten residue.

Refractory article and use

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Apparatus for carrying out the slag forming in process of coal gasification

SET AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A MAIN COOLOXIDE AND VETGING CONTAINING GAS FROM COAL, AND / OR CARBON-CONTAINING INGREDIENTS

Gas reduced oxidic materials

Plasma pyrolysis, gasification and vitrification of organic material

Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.

Molten material outlet

Carbon gasification

Coal gasification

A method of producing syngas wherein a carbonaceous feedstock is exposed to a plasma arc generated by a DC supply in a dry-steam environment.

Biomass gasification/pyrolysis system and process

A system for producing a syngas from a biomass material. The system compacts a loose biomass material to form a compacted biomass material at an entrance of a reactor tube, and then heats the compacted biomass material within the tube to form ash and a fuel gas mixture. The fuel gas mixture is withdrawn from the tube and the ash is removed from the tube through an exit thereof. Ingress of air into the tube is inhibited by forming a plug of the biomass material at the entrance of the tube and a plug of ash at the exit of the tube. A neutral atmospheric pressure is maintained in the reactor tube relative to pressure outside the reactor tube by monitoring and adjusting a volumetric rate of the fuel gas mixture withdrawn from the reactor tube based on pressures at the entrance and the exit of the reactor tube.

Coal gasification plant

A removable annular hearth member, shaped to fit over the slag outlet of a slagging gasifier, comprises a cast body of high thermal conductivity having integral coolant passageways, said passageways being formed by shaping a metal tube into a coil having an inlet and an outlet, and casting metal to the desired shape around the coil such that the inlet and outlet communicate exteriorly of the cast body.

Plasma pyrolysis, gasification and vitrification of organic material

Blocks of organic material (58) are fed from a plurality of directions into a reactor (10) having three zones (16, 18, 19). The material forms a bed (70) atop a bed of consumable carbon catalyst (60). These beds are heated by a series of plasma arc torches (42) mounted in inlets (37) about the reactor. Gas is supplied via inlets (39, 41) from wind drums (38, 40). The superheated gas from the reaction is vented through an outlet (30) and is used to produce electrical energy.

Cocurrent Shaft Reactor

Patent JPS5717038B2

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING GAS PRODUCTION

Process for drying coal for melt-down or coal gasifiers

The invention relates to a process for drying coal with a natural moisture content, which is supplied to melt-down or coal gasifiers, in which drying takes place by means of the excess energy obtained on coupling to a gas turbine power station. The excess energy is supplied by means of a fluid to at least one drier by heat release from at least one auxiliary unit ensuring or improving energy generation.

Manufacture of a gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from a starting material containing carbon and/or hydrocarbon

ABSTRACT "MANUFACTURE OF A GAS CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND HYDROGEN GAS FROM A STARTING MATERIAL CONTAINING CARBON AND/OR HYDROCARBON" In a process for manufacturing a gas substantially containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from a starting material containing carbon and/or hydrocarbon, the starting material is injected in powder or liquid form together with an oxidising agent and slag former in a combustion zone while heat energy is simultaneously supplied. The combustion zone is formed in the lower portion of a shaft filled with particulate, solid, carbonaceous material and sulphur-binding slag former.

Production of usable products from waste material

In an apparatus and method of treating waste materials for recovering valuable materials including a fuel gas and liquid hydrocarbons, the waste materials are charged to the upper end of a vertical gasification chamber and preheated air blast is introduced into the hearth thereof. A producer gas is generated within the gasifier at such a temperature that metal, glass and other noncombustibles are reduced to a molten condition. As waste materials move downwardly under gravity, the hot producer gas moves upwardly pyrolyzing an organic portion of the waste materials. The gases evolved in the gasifier are passed from the upper end thereof and contacted with a cooling liquor comprising water. Thus, entrained particulate and a condensable portion including liquid hydrocarbons are separated from the evolved gases into a liquid phase whereby a fuel gas is produced.

Coal gasificator

A slagging gasifier has a hearth comprising an annular solid cast structure formed from a high thermal conductivity metal such as copper and shaped to fit above a slag tap of the gasifier. The hearth is provided with one or more integrally formed passageways for circulating a coolant liquid therethrough and has an upper tundish surface with a slope of at least 10° to the horizontal (preferably between 25° and 45°), across which tundish surface the molten slag flows downwardly and inwardly towards the slag tap. The annular structure may be formed from at least three sector-shaped cast parts secured together in situ in the gasifier.

Sandwich gasification process for high-efficiency conversion of carbonaceous fuels to clean syngas with zero residual carbon discharge

A system for the conversion of coal to a gas of a specified composition

PARALLEL FLOW CUBE REACTOR.

Reactor de cuba de flujo paralelo para la fusión y gasificación de material de alimentación, con un cuerpo de cuba (10) vertical con una zona de secado (14) para el secado y calentamiento del material de alimentación, una zona de desgasificación (16) adyacente a la zona de secado (14) para la desgasificación del material de alimentación y una zona de gasificación (18) para la gasificación del material de alimentación, siendo transportado el material de alimentación desde la zona de secado (14) a través de la zona de desgasificación (16) a la zona de gasificación (18), un cuerpo de recepción (20) adyacente al cuerpo de cuba (10) para la recepción del material de alimentación (22) fundido, y un dispositivo de evacuación de gas (26) unido con el cuerpo de cuba (10) y/o el cuerpo de recepción (20) para la evacuación del gas generado, estando previstas sucesivamente en la dirección de transporte del material de alimentación en la zona de desgasificación (16) una pluralidad de unidades de suministro de gas (42) unidas con el cuerpo de cuba (10) para el suministro de gas en la zona de desgasificación (16), caracterizado porque en la pared de cuba del reactor en la región de la transición entre la zona de gasificación (18) y la zona de fundición (23) está previsto un serpentín (60) para el control de la temperatura. Parallel flow tank reactor for the fusion and gasification of feed material, with a vertical bowl body (10) with a drying zone (14) for drying and heating of the feeding material, a degassing zone (16) adjacent to the drying zone (14) for the degassing of the feed material and a gasification zone (18) for the gasification of the feeding material, the feeding material being transported from the drying zone (14) through the degassing zone (16) to the gasification zone (18), a receiving body (20) adjacent to the tank body (10) for receiving molten feed material (22), and a gas evacuation device ( 26) together with the tank body (10) and / or the receiving body (20) ...

The apparatus for producing molten iron directly using coal with wide range of size and the method using the same

본 발명은 넓은 입도 분포의 석탄을 직접 사용하는 용철제조장치 및 이를 이용한 용철제조방법에 관한 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 발명의 용철제조방법은, 석탄으로 석탄충진층을 형성하고 예비환원한 환원철을 상기 석탄충진층에 장입하여 용철을 제조하는 방법으로서, 제1 석탄군을 1차 입도 선별하여 입경 8mm 이하의 미분탄을 준비하는 단계, 평균반사율(Rm)이 0.8 이상인 제2 석탄군을 미분탄에 혼합하여 혼합탄을 제조하는 단계, 혼합탄을 건조하고 2차 입도 선별하는 단계, 건조하여 입도 선별한 혼합탄에 당밀 및 경화제에서 선택한 바인더를 첨가 혼합하는 단계, 바인더를 첨가 혼합한 혼합탄을 성형하여 성형탄을 제조하는 단계, 1차 입도 선별한 입경 8mm 초과의 괴탄 및 성형탄으로 석탄충진층을 형성하는 동시에 환원철을 장입하여 석탄충진층내에 혼입하는 단계, 및 석탄충진층에 산소를 취입하여 석탄충진층내 석탄을 연소시키고, 그 연소열로 환원철을 용해하여 용철을 제조하는 단계를 포함한다. 이러한 본 발명을 통하여 품질이 양호한 용철을 제조할 수 있다.

Biomass gasification/pyrolysis system and process

A system and process capable of promoting the energy content of a syngas produced from a biomass material. The system and process entail compacting a loose biomass material and simultaneously introducing the compacted biomass material into an entrance of a reactor tube, and then heating the compacted biomass material within the tube to a temperature at which organic molecules within the biomass material break down to form ash and a fuel gas mixture. The fuel gas mixture is withdrawn from the tube and the ash is removed from the tube through an exit thereof. The entrance and exit of the tube, the compaction step, and the removal step cooperate to inhibit ingress of air into the tube by forming a plug of the biomass material at the entrance of the tube and a plug of ash at the exit of the tube.

Synthesis gas prodn - in slagging generators using hydrocarbon injection to lower methane content of product

In the prodn. of synthesis gas in a slagging generator by blowing a hydrocarbon-contg. reactant and a gasifying medium into the coke-charged generator, liquid or gaseous impure hydrocarbons from waste products are blown into the generator as the hydrocarbon-contg. reactant, the addition of gasifying medium then being increased or decreased in accordance with the increase or decrease respectively of a pre-determined synthesis gas outlet temp., which is pref. determined by calibration using specific quantities of pure hydrocarbons for the same type of coke and the same compsn. and quantity of gasifying medium. Method enables a synthesis gas with a max. of 0.2 vol.% CH4 to be produced by the known technique of injecting hydrocarbons but using waste oil, or other waste product contg. undetermined and/or varying amounts of hydrocarbon.

Process and plant for production of biofuels

The invention concerns a method and a plant for producing hydrocarbon based fuels from waste and biomass including wood and/or other cellulose containing biomass, where biomass and/or waste is gasified in anaerobic conditions, heating the formed syngas in for decomposition and subsequent condensation in anaerobic conditions, subjecting the heat treated biosyngas to cleaning measures for removing elements/compounds which are poisonous towards the catalysts of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and passing the cleaned heat treated biosyngas through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for production of biofuels.