СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА В ГАЗ ПУТЕМ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ

... 1. Устройство для газификации с нижней тягой, включающее:продолговатый внешний резервуар,продолговатый внутренний резервуар, где указанный внутренний резервуар расположен внутри указанного внешнего резервуара, в результате чего образуется полость между указанным внутренним резервуаром и указанным внешним резервуаром,загрузочный механизм, включающий продолговатый корпус загрузочного механизма и подающее исходный материал устройство для перемещения указанного исходного материала вдоль указанного продолговатого корпуса загрузочного механизма,корпус газогенератора с внутренней поверхностью и внешней поверхностью,камеру сгорания,газоотвод имеханизм для выгрузки шлака.2. Устройство по п. 1, в котором указанный корпус газогенератора отличается наличием оси и дополнительно включает верхний край, нижний край и множество щелей, расположенных вдоль указанного корпуса газогенератора, где каждая из указанного множества щелей отличается наличием верхнего края щели и нижнего края щели.3. Устройство по ...

Gaserzeuger mit trockener Entschlackung

Auto-thermal coal gasification - by plunger pumps passing fuel portions to mixing head with gasifying agent

The autothermal gasification of granular fuel, e.g. bituminous coal with oxygen or air and steam or carbon dioxide, uses a mixing head into which the fuel is pumped in portions by several (three) plunger pumps acting against intermittently-operated plug valves. In the mixing head the fuel is mixed with the gasifying agent before being passed through a burner into the gasifier. The process simplifies the conventional fuel charging procedure and enables the gasification to be carried out at higher pressure (200 bar). The throughput is increased and the gas produced is of higher quality.

Mechanische Aschenaustragvorrichtung fuer Generatoren

Vorrichtung zum Austragen der Asche bei Gaserzeugern

Stufenfoermiger Drehrost fuer Gaserzeuger

Schachtgaserzeuger, insbesondere Holzgaserzeuger, mit im Gaserzeugermantel angeordnetem Fuellschacht

Drehtrommel-Gaserzeuger

Gaserzeugerrost mit wassergekuehlten, zur Zufuehrung der Vergasungsluft dienenden Roststaeben

Angetriebener umlaufender Aschenraeumerarm fuer runde Gaserzeuger mit Wasserabschluss

Drehrostgaserzeuger mit Ringrinne und Sammelschacht

Gaserzeuger mit Drehrost

Gaserzeuger mit Ruehrwerk und Drehbunker als selbsttaetige Beschickungsvorrichtung

Reaktor zum Vergasen von Biomasse, insbesondere Holz

Es wird ein Reaktor zum Vergasen von Biomasse, insbesondere Holz, mit einer Oxidationsstufe (4), in der eine Luftzufuhreinrichtung (9) mit über den Umfang verteilten Düsenöffnungen mündet, und mit einer unten an die Oxidationsstufe (4) anschließenden, erweiterten Reduktionsstufe (3) beschrieben. Um vorteilhafte Konstruktionsbedingungen zu schaffen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Oxidationsstufe (4) eine in die Reduktionsstufe (3) mündende, einen koaxialen Kern (7) umschließende Ringkammer (5) bildet und dass sich die entlang wenigstens einer der beiden Umfangswände der Ringkammer (5) angeordneten Düsenöffnungen der Luftzufuhreinrichtung (9) zu wenigstens einem Düsenring ergänzen.

Gasgenerator

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abstichgaserzeugers und Gaserzeuger zu dessen Durchfuehrung

Verfahren zur automatischen Entfernung eines Kohlenstoffüberschusses in einem Vergasungsreaktor

Ein Verfahren zur automatischen Entfernung eines Kohlenstoffüberschusses in einem Vergasungsreaktor (1) mit einer Reaktionskammer (4) für die autotherme und/oder allotherme Vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigem Brennmaterial zu Nutzgasen soll einen besonders hohen Wirkungsgrad sowie besonders hohe Betriebsstabilität bei niedrigeren Anforderungen an den verwendeten Brennstoff im Betrieb eines Vergasungsreaktors ermöglichen. Dazu werden bei der Überschreitung eines vorgegebenen, für die Menge des Kohlenstoffüberschusses in der Reaktionskammer (4) charakteristischen Werts Zusammensetzung, Menge, Druck, Geschwindigkeit, Temperatur und/oder spezifischer Austrittspuls eines der Reaktionskammer (4) zugegebenen Vergasungsmittels derart geändert, dass eine Verbrennung des Kohlenstoffüberschusses verstärkt wird.

Grate mechanism

Improvements in grates

... 643,015. Furnace grates. SOC. ANON. FORNI ED IMPIANTI INDUSTRIALI INGG. DE BARTOLOMEIS FORNI, (formerly SOC. ANON, ED IMPIANTI INDUSTRIALI). Jan. 23, 1947, No. 2164. Convention date, March 6, 1941.'[Classes 51 (i) and 51(ii)] In a grate for gas producers, shaft furnaces and the like comprising a number of annular grate elements which decrease in diameter progressively upwards to form a substantially conical arrangement, the annular elements surmounting the base 11 are bounded by peripheral surfaces 12 of oval shape or by peripheral surfaces 13 of circular form, the latter being formed with slots 14 for the admission of air, each type of element being arranged alternately. The superposed elements are positioned relatively by teeth 4 engaging slots in a lower element and are held together in a known manner by an axial tie bar 6 connected to the uppermost element 8 and to a tie bar 9 in the base of the grate. In modifications, the peripheral surfaces 12 or the base 11 may be formed with eccentric ...

Improvements in Gas Producers.

... 19,635. Farnham, R. V. Aug. 28. Producers.-In a gasproducer of the kind described in Specifications 26,199/08 and 27,450/10, [Class 51 (i), Furnaces &c., Combustion apparatus of], in which the wall of the combustion c h a m b e r comprises t w o superp o s e d sections, the wall of the upper section may be curved, as shown in Fig. 4, or inclined in the form of an upright or inverted truncated cone merging at its lower end into the cylindrical wall U of the lower section.

Improvements in or relating to Revolving Grates for Gas Producers and the like.

... 6908. Deutsche H³ttenbau Ges. July 8, 1911, [Convention date]. Grates.-Relates to revolving grates for gasproducers &c. of the kind in which the lower portion of the grate is provided with members for breaking and removing the ashes and clinkers, and consists, according to the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in providing upon a number of superposed rings 2, connected together by flanged joints and surmounted by a conical structure 5, vertical ribs 6, to which are secured detachable ash breakers or sweepers 8, 9, 10 provided with strengthening-ribs 11. The ash-breakers each comprise two similar superposed parts, each equal in height to two rings 2, and project to different extents from the circumference of the grate.

Improvements in or relating to Means for Breaking Down Clinker in Gas Producers and Furnaces.

... 24,426. Gill, G. M., Donald, D. B., and Jenkinson, W. Dec. 21. Clinker-breaking apparatus. - In a machine for breaking down or cutting away clinker in gas-producers and furnaces, of the kind described in Specification 23,862/12, means are provided for enabling the breaking-down or cutting tool to effect a succession of blows while its cutting-edge is held in any desired angular position, thus providing for the use of a plain or straight-edged tool the cutting-edge of which may be kept in a vertical, horizontal, or diagonal position as required. The tool a is carried by a hollow piston-rod b, secured to a piston c working in a cylinder d under the action of pressure fluid admitted alternately to opposite ends of the cylinder through ports e, f. The piston-rod b reciprocates upon a rod q of triaugular, rectangular, or other polygonal section, passing through, an orifice of corresponding shape in a bush h secured to the piston c. The rear end of the rod g is circular in cross-section and passes ...

Improvements relating to Gas Producers.

... 4673. Cousin, P. A. J. Jan. 8, [Convention date]. Grates and fuel supports; clinkers, removing. -The charge-supporting plate 1 of a gas-producer is rotated and provided with a radial channel 8 having an inclined bottom and communicating with an external annular channel 2. The channel 8 is covered by a grate 4 comprising bars 61 with upwardly projecting teeth, supported above bars 83 having downwardly-extending flanges. The bars 83 may be replaced by similar bars having flanges at different inclination, so that the spaces between the bars may be suited to various fuels. The grate 4 is carried by means of bearers 41, 56 on cams 44 near the edge of the plate 1, and other cams (not shown) near its centre, these cams being mounted on shafts 43, 50 respectively, capable of being turned by rods 47 to raise or lower the grate. The plate 1 is surrounded, except at the end of the channel 8, by an upstanding flange and is surmounted by a smaller concentric plate 10 having downwardly-directed ...

Improvements in the construction of water cooled parts of apparatus which are subjected to high temperatures

... 615,452. Gas producer, &c., grates. HUMPHREYS & GLASGOW, Ltd., and WILLIAMS, N. H. Jan. 17, 1946, No. 1678. [Class 51 (i)] Grate bars or grate sections for gas producers and generators are constructed in three functional parts namely an internal water-cooled element, a layer of insulating material surrounding said element and an outer metal covering. The invention is shown applied to a grate for a water gas generator in which water cooled metal tubes 1 are sheathed with asbestos or the like 2 and enclosed in an outer metal tube 3, and also to a modification in which the grate is built up of circular segments arranged in conical formations.

Improvements in and relating to Gas Producers.

... 15,467. Lymn, A. H., Riley, L. A., and Rambush, N. E. Nov. 2. Fuel-supports; ash-pans.-A revolving grate or fuel support for agitating the charge in the lower part of a gas-producer has the whole or part of its superficial area of incomplete spiral, screw-propeller, whorl, or similar configuration, such that the surfaces have a very gradual rise terminated by abrupt shoulders of considerable depth, such shoulders being widely separated angularly. Means are provided for removing ashes from the revoluble ash-bowl, and for agitating and levelling the charge in the upper part of the producer. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the upper surface of the grate g is constructed of two incomplete spirals or whorls. and its sides have the shape of two vertical halfcylinders laterally displaced along their dividing surfaces, so as to produce an horizontal, as well as a vertical, movement of the charge. The grate is hollow for the admission of the blast, which leaves it through peripherical channels r' and ...

Process of and apparatus for utilising caking fuel in gas producers

... 212,311. Lymn, A. H. Dec. 8, 1922. Producers. - The coking of fuel is prevented by a heat treatment increasing gradually from about 250‹ C. to 500‹ C. during passage through a preliminary distillation zone provided with agitators. The fuel is charged into a shaft f of considerably less cross section than the body d of the producer. from which a part of the hot gas passes through the charge in the shaft escaping by an outlet k, the remainder passing out by an outlet j. Vertical stirring shafts l having arms r are provided on the shaft f. Specifications 1764/08 and 15467/15 are referred to.

Improved means for clearing and discharging ash and clinker from gas producers

... 275,411. Wollaston, T. R. Aug. 3, 1925. Ashpits.-In a water-bottom gas producer a the ashes are discharged by one or more screws c downwardly through a shoot o which extends below the surface of the water sealing the bottom of the producer. The web of the screw c is interrupted and may be either tapered and of uniform pitch or, as shown, of uniform width and increasing pitch towards the shoot o. The screw is operated by an adjustably mounted pawl engaging a ratchet-wheel h and may be rotated continuously or intermittently in the forward direction or its motion reversed periodically. The ashes may be removed from the water-seal t as described in Specification 113,025.

Improvements in gas producers

... 169,308. Verity, O. R. July 3, 1920. Fuel supports; grates, leaning. - Ashes &c. are removed from the inclined surface of the ash and fuel support 1 arranged in the water seal at the bottom of a gas producer by means of pressure fluid, such as water, steam, or air, supplied by pipes 4, 5 continuously or intermittently and over the whole or part of the inclined surface, which may be grooved.

Improvements in gas producers of the revolving grate type

... 148,573. Pintsch Akt.-Ges., J. May 18, 1918, [Convention date]. Addition to 146,964, [Class 55 (i), Coking &c.]. Grates.-In a gas-producer of the kind comprising an annular shaft with a revolving grate, as described in the parent Specification and in Specification 147,514, the grate is formed with its apex of serpentine form.

Improvements in or pertaining to Grates for Gas Producers or Furnaces.

... 8537. Glasgow, A. G. April 5. Fire-bars and grates.-In a grate composed of rotary or oscillating fire-bars geared together and specially applicable for water-gas producers, each bar consists of a central shaft b carrying casings a which tightly enclose insulating and protecting air spaces, The bars are geared together within the shell of the producer &c., and are actuated by an extension of one of the fire-bar shafts through the shell. In a modification, the connecting-gearing is arranged within a protecting-beam situated across the centre of the grate. Still other forms and arrangements of gearing may however be adapted. Doorways k are provided in line with the grate, and made of sufficient depth to afford access to both above and below the grate for cleaning by hand.

Method of and apparatus for discharging molten masses from chambers under pressure

... 708,661. Discharging slag. HUBMANN, O. Sept. 21, 1951 [Nov. 13, 1950], No. 22203/51. Class 51 (1) A method of discharging a molten mass from a chamber under pressure comprises moving the mass through a channel by means of the pressure obtaining in the chamber, cooling the mass in the channel to such an extent that it congeals, pressing the congealed mass against and breaking it up in a breaking device disposed at the outlet of the channel and discharging the broken material through a discharge lock or like device which can be secured against an eruption of gas. As shown in Fig. 1 slag flows through a watercooled outlet member 5 where it solidifies and is then broken by teeth 9 formed on a rotatable body 8, the broken slag then falling down a conduit 12 in the body 8 to a chamber 14. Should a leakage of gas occur through the slag, piston 16 is forced downwards causing valve 15 to close the outlet 19 of the chamber 14.

Improvements in gas generators

... 312,162. Humphreys & Glasgow, Ltd., (Assignees of Haug, J. S.). May 21, 1928, [Convention date]. Charging.-A cylindrical gas generator is supplied with fuel by a rotating charging hopper 4, which deposits finer fuel at the periphery and coarser particles at the centre.

... 298,649. Motorenfabrik Deutz Akt.- Ges. Oct. 13, 1927, Convention date]. Producers.-In a water-jacketed gas producer the water jacket is extended down to a bearer ring c which is supported on feet f, the outer wall g being mounted by a flange connection l on a bottom member e so that the outer wall may be stripped off, after undoing the flange connection, for cleaning the boiler. A cock serves for removal of the sludge. A revolving grate h is provided.

Improvements relating to gas generators

... 333,072. Humphreys & Glasgow, Ltd., (Assignees of Chrisman, C. S.). Oct. 18, 1928, [Convention date]. Grates; ashpits. - A gas producer oi the kind in which the fuel bed is supported on an inverted conical rotary bosh 10 provided with ribs 11 to force fuel or ash downwardly towards a central opening at the bottom has a periorated ribbed tuyere 15 located in the central opening providing an annular space 18 for the discharge of ash. The bosh is mounted on inclined rollers 12 and carries inclined scrapers 21 extending beneath the space 18 and adapted to discharge the ash into a water sealed pit 22 from which they are removed by a conveyer 24. The ribs 16 on the tuyere co-operate with the ribs 11 on the bosh and crushing of the clinker is effected in the annular passage 18 by ribs 19, 20 on the lower portions of the bosh and tuyere. Rollers 25 on the scrapers 21 engage with a rib on the producer shell to take the thrust of the bosh, or a thrust bearing may be arranged in the annular space ...

Clinker and ash remover for mobile and stationary producer gas plants

... 560,035. Gas producers. GODFREY, H. E. Sept. 1, 1942, No. 12342. [Class 51 (i)] Grates ; ; ashpans lighting fires.-Clinker and ashes are removed from the base of a gas producer by a semi-cylindrical oscillatable hollow member which, when applied to a cross draught or downdraught producer comprises, as shown in Fig. 1, an imperforate curved portion 2 normally supporting the fuel bed, a bottom member 3, two side members 4 and an opening 1 which receives the clinker and ash from the producer when the member is turned on the spindle 5 through 90 degrees. As the member is turned, a fork 9 pivoted on the bottom 3 engages with an arm 11 on a scraper 10 adapted to oscillate on a spindle 12 supported by the bottom of the ashpit 7 and ash &c. is cleared away from that part of the ashpit 7 which receives the ashes from the oscillatable member. Fig. 3 shows a modification suitable for an updraught producer in which the oscillatable member has a fuel-supporting surface 2 in the form of a grating. It ...

Mechanical poking means for gas producers

... 207,567. Bengtson, S. L. May 30, 1922. Charges, agitating.-A mechanically-operated reciprocating poker for gas producers &c. which is mounted and operated independently of the producer plant, is arranged so that its inclination with respect to the axis of the producer can be varied when the poker is clear of the fuel bed. As shown in connection with a producer having a fixed top 3 and a rotary shell 1, the poker 5 is carried by a cross-head 10 on the piston-rod of a double-acting cylinder 7 the valves of which are automatically operated by the engagement of an arm 12 on the cross-head with stops 15, 16 on a sliding rod 13, the cylinder being supported by rollers 24, 25 in guideways 29, 26 so arranged than an extension of the axis of the cylinder will always pass through the poke-hole 4. The downward movement of the cylinder along the guideways is controlled by ratchet levers, a brake, or, as shown, by gripping- shoes 33 acting on a bar 31 extending between the guideways from a yoke 22 on ...

Improvements in firegrates for gas producers, furnaces and the like

... 426,352. Grates. WHITFIELD GAS PRODUCER PATENTS, Ltd., and ALSOP, H. L., 82, Victoria Street, London. Oct. 6, 1933, No. 27503. [Class 51 (i)] A rotary grate c is provided with one or more clinker cutters a each consisting of a blade attached to the grate-supporting ring b and projecting into the space between the lower edge of the grate and the wall e of the combustion chamber. Part of the blade projects above and part below the edge of the grate and the blade is inclined at substantially 45‹, the upper part leading as the grate rotates. The cutters may be of angle section with the flange d directed outwardly and bevelled at each end as shown. Specification 403,705 is referred to.

Improvements in furnace grates more particularly for use with gas producers or carbonising plants

... 139,731. Wells, J. Sept. 19, 1919. Grates; ashes, removing.-A grate frame for gas-producers, carbonizing-plant, &c. consists of side-bars D and cross-bars or shafts B, E, and can be adjusted in inclination by means of a quadrant K, while the foot of the grate can be adjusted horizontally to vary the opening to the ash-pit by means of the alternative journals C for the shaft B. Extensions D' of the side-bars carry a rod G supporting balance-weights H, and ashes are removed by paddles P on a shaft N rotated by chain-gearing from a handle T. For rapid clearance of ash &c., the grate is placed as nearly horizontal as possible.

Improvements in and relating to the gasification of solid carbonaceous fuel

... A shaft gasifier for the gasification of a static bed of an ash-containing solid carbonaceous fuel comprises a plurality of tuyeres distributed round the lower part of the inner wall of the shaft, means for causing gasifying agent to issue simultaneously from some of the tuyeres at one rate and from the remaining tuyeres at a different rate, valve means for changing the rate from each tuyere from one of the rates to the other, and automatic timing means for the valve. The gasifier is operated at a temperature such that the ash collects in liquid form beneath the fuel bed, from where it is continuously discharged. The velocity from some of the tuyeres is chosen to give preferential central gasification and that from the remainder to give preferential peripheral gasification of the fuel, and each change is made to give no alteration in the rate of supply of the gasifying agent from all the tuyeres collectively. This may be effected by operating half the tuyeres at each ...

Improvements in or relating to rotary grate gas producers

... 775,157. Rotary grates. KOPPERS GES., H. April 22, 1955 [July 12, 1954], No. 11716/55. Class 51 (1). A rotary gas producer grate and its associated stationary gasification medium supply conduit are radially subdivided into compartments. The producer shown comprises a double-walled shaft 1, a dependent sealing-ring 3 of which dips into water in an annular ash-pit 4. The bottom of the latter comprises an annular plate 5 upon which is mounted a grate consisting of portions 7, 6. The plate 5 has a sealing ring 15 and a flange 10 which rests upon rollers 11 mounted upon the producer base-plate 12. Rotation of plate 5, grate and ash-pit is effected by gearing 8, 9. The grate portion 7 has apertures 27 and the grate is divided radially by partitions 17, Fig. 2, into compartments 16. Opening into the grate from below is a stationary gasification medium supply conduit 13, the upper part of which is radially divided into compartments 28 corresponding to the grate compartments 16. Each compartment ...

Improvements in or relating to gas making apparatus

... 767,106. Gas producers; rotatable grates. POWER-GAS CORPORATION, Ltd. Oct. 19, 1954 [Oct. 29, 1953], No. 29906/53. Class 51 (1). In a gas producer having a rotatable grate and grate table, the base is sealed by filling a cavity formed adjacent the underside and/or edge of the table and the base-plate of the producer with grease &c. In the producer shown in Fig. 1-in. which the centre parts are omitted-a base-plate 10 carries a skid ring 11 on which is rotatably mounted an annular grate table 12 supporting a grate (not shown) by a support 15. An annular table adaptor 16 is attached to the table and connects with a sealing ring 17 carried by the base-plate. Rotation of the table and grate is effected by pinion 23 meshing with annular gear-wheel 18. An annular cavity is formed between an outer ring 13 secured to the base-plate and the table edge 14 and grease is supplied thereto by a series of pipes 19. A second annular cavity is formed between the adaptor 16 and the ring 17, grease being ...

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

VERFAHREN ZUM AKTIVIEREN, INSBESONDERE VERGASEN, VON KOHLENSTOFF ENTHALTENDEN SUBSTANZEN

The invention relates to a method for gasifying substances containing carbon. The substances containing carbon are fed via the transfer canal (2) into the reactor (3). When viewed in the direction of gravitational force, plasma torches (4) are arranged at the lower end of the reactor (3) and serve to produce a gaseous plasma in this case. The oxidation products, i.e. clinker, glass, ashes, are drawn downward and arrive at a solidifier (5) inside of which the oxidation products are separated, subsequently collected in the collecting bin (6), and transported away when required. The gas produced inside the reactor arrives via line (7) at the gas washer (8), inside of which the gas, by means of sprayed water, is cooled and purified. The discharging water arrives via line (9) at the collecting bin (6), inside of which water is already present whereby enabling the clinker, glass or the like to be cooled. The purified gas is fed via line (10) into the compressor (11), inside of which the gas is ...

PROCESS AND DEVICE TO THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE BY GASIFICATION OF THE MATERIALS USED

DIRECT CURRENT RIVER GAS GENERATOR

Chip-wood gas-generator with gas reactor e.g. for operating combustion engine, has lower part of fuel zone running funnel-shaped to hot bed zone

A gas generation installation uses an air-tight fixed hollow cylinder divided by a partition into a fuel space (1) and a gas-space (2), with the volumetric ratio approximately 2/3 to 1/3, and with the lower part of the fuel space extending funnel-shaped to the hot bed zone (3) with a grating (8) and ash deck (9). A window (10) in the partition provides an intermediate gas space (12) as well as a gas conduction (5) at the upper end of the gas space.

Anlage zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen

Bei einer Anlage (1) zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen mit einem Pyrolysereaktor (2) und einem Gasmotor (6), wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (65) des Gasmotors (6) mit einem Eingang (71) einer Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) verbunden ist, und dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (75) der Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) mit wenigstens einem Heizgas-Eingang (23) des Pyrolysereaktors (2) verbunden ist.

DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF AN INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL AND YOUR MODE OF OPERATION.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING GENERATOR GAS AND ACTIVATION COAL FROM CELEBRATIONS FUELS.

COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

AIR AND WATER CONVEYOR/COOLER FOR HOT LOOSE MATERIALS

Carbon Conversion System with integrated processing zones

A Carbon Conversion System having four functional units, each unit comprising one or more zones, wherein the units are integrated to optimize the overall conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into syngas and slag. The processes that occur within each zone of the system can be optimized, for example, by the configuration of each of the units and by managing the conditions that occur within each zone using an integrated control system.

Multi-faceted gasifier and related methods

SIDE FEED/CENTRE ASH DUMP SYSTEM

An apparatus for gasifying solid organic fuel includes a refractory-lined oxidation chamber, fuel storage, a transfer connecting the fuel storage with an inlet into the oxidation chamber for transferring in an upwardly inclined direction the solid fuel from the fuel storage into the inlet to form an upwardly mounded fuel bed. An oxidant is supplied into the fuel bed to gasify the organic materials in the fuel to produce a gaseous effluent from the fuel bed, thereby leaving a residue of the fuel. The residue drops through an opening under the oxidation chamber onto a residue removal transfer. The oxidant is supplied through a plurality of perforated air distribution members extending across the fuel bed cavity in the oxidation chamber so as to introduce air into the interior of the fuel bed to thereby promote evenly distributed gasification, evenly distributed through the fuel bed.

A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING SOLID FUEL MATERIALS

Solid fuels, such as contaminated biomass and solid city waste, are converted into a synthesized gas by gasification and exploitation of the energy contained in the fuels. The fuel is gasified in a co-current gasogen (1), while the cinders are separated, removed and purified after a fraction of the fuels has undergone combustion and before the fuel has been gasified. Cinder purification is made by complete combustion, while the fuel that has undergone the gasification step without being completely transformed in CO is recirculated by mixing it to fresh fuel material. The process is carried out in an apparatus comprising a vertical co-current gasogen (1) and a device for the separation and removal of cinders (16, 19, 5, 6) as well as a scorification chamber (3) where cinders are purified from accompanying fuel material by complete combustion and are then collected in a waste tank (28).

CARBON CONVERSION SYSTEM WITH INTEGRATED PROCESSING ZONES

A Carbon Conversion System having tour functional units, each unit comprising one or more zones, wherein the units are integrated to optimize the overall conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into syngas and slag. The processes that occur within each zone of the system can be optimized, for example, by the configuration of each of the units and by managing the conditions that occur within each zone using an integrated control system.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF A CLEAN HOT GAS BASED ON SOLID FUELS

Solid fuel can be converted into a clean hot flue gas with a low content of volatile organic compounds (VOC's), NOx and dust, and clean ash with a low carbon content by means of a stage-divided thermal reactor, where the conversion process of the solid fuel is in separate vertical stages (from below and up): ash burn-out, char oxidation and gasification, pyrolysis, drying, and a gas combustion stage where gas from the gasifier is combusted.

PYROLYZING GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USE

Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use including primary combustion of non-uniform solid fuels such as biomass and solid wastes within a refractory lined gasifier, secondary combustion of primary combustion gas within a staged, cyclonic, refractory lined oxidizer, and heat energy recovery from the oxidized flue gas within an indirect air-to-air all--ceramic heat exchanger or external combustion engine. Primary combustion occurs at low substoichoimetric air percentages of 10-30 percent and at temperatures below 1000 degrees F. Secondary combustion is staged and controlled for low NOx formation and prevention of formation of CO, hydrocarbons, and VOCs. The gasifier includes a furnace bed segmented into individual cells, each cell is independently monitored using a ramp temperature probe, and provided with controlled air injection. Gasifier air injection includes tuyere arrays, lances, or both. The oxidizer includes three serially aligned stages separated by air injecting baffles ...

GASIFIER

A method and portable apparatus is described for the conversion of cellulose and other blomass waste materials through a pyrolysis and partial combustion sequence in a downdraft gasifier to produce a gas which can be immediately utilized to fuel an internal combustion engine in a generator set (genset). More specifically, the heat from the combustion of part of the cellulosic or other waste input is used to pyrolyze the remainder of the input to produce a mixture of permanent fuel gases. Particulates are removed (water scrubbers, filters) from the gas mixture which can then be used directly as a major part of the fuel to operate the internal combustion engine in the genset. All movement into, through, and out of the gasifier and purification train is controlled by the vacuum associated with the intake of the internal combustion engine, thereby ensuring a steady production of electricity.

PYROLYZING GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USE

... ²²²Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use including primary combustion ²of non-uniform solid fuels such as biomass and solid wastes within a ²refractory lined gasifier, secondary combustion of primary combustion gas ²within a staged, cyclonic, refractory lined oxidizer, and heat energy recovery ²from the oxidized flue gas within an indirect air-to-air all~ceramic heat ²exchanger or extemal combustion engine. Primary combustiori occurs at low ²substoichoimetric air percentages of 10-30 percent and at temperatures below ²1000 degrees F. Secondary combustion is staged and controlled for low NOx ²formation and prevention of formation of CO, hydrocarbons, and VOCs. The ²gasifier includes a furnace bed segmented into individual cells, each cell is ²independently monitored using a ramp temperature probe, and provided with ²controlled air injection. Gasifier air injection includes tuyere arrays, ²lances, or both. The oxidizer includes three serially aligned stages separated ²by air injecting ...

PLASMA GASIFICATION REACTORS WITH MODIFIED CARBON BEDS AND REDUCED COKE REQUIREMENTS

A carbonaceous bed in a reactor includes carbon bearing material that is not coke and rather includes natural wood blocks or bricks formed of non-coke carbonaceous material in a binder along with, as options, other constituents such as catalysts and fluxing agents. The bed reduces the amount of coke required in processes such as for syngas production. Such non-coke units are applicable to an original carbonaceous bed in a reactor and also to replenishment of reacted carbon in the original bed. The bed may include ungasified carbon particulate matter separated from gaseous reaction products of a gasification reactor, either in non-coke bricks or otherwise applied, as may other carbonaceous material often regarded as waste such as spent potliner material from aluminum making and soot residue from a gasification reactor. Certain reactor structural modifications can also result in reduced consumption of carbon in a bed.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING OF CARBON-CONTAINING FEED STOCK INTO GASIFICATION GAS

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

Holzgasgenerator.

Gasgenerator mit absteigender Verbrennung für feste Brennstoffe.

Gaserzeuger mit absteigender Vergasung.

Gaserzeuger für Fahrzeuge zur Vergasung fester Brennstoffe, insbesondere für Torf und Nadelholz.

Gasgenerator zur Vergasung von minderwertigen Brennstoffen.

Gaserzeuger mit abwärts gerichteter Vergasung.

Gazogène.

Einrichtung zum trockenen Austragen von Asche und Schlacke aus Gaserzeugern, insbesondere für Fahrzeug- und Kleinbetrieb.

Kraftanlage mit von einem Gasgenerator betriebenem Motor.

Gaserzeuger, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge.

Feuerkorb für Gaserzeuger.

Holzgasgenerator.

Holzgasgenerator.

Gaserzeuger mit einem nur einseitig im Schacht angeordneten Treppenrost.

Holzgasgenerator.

Gaserzeuger.

Verfahren zum Betrieb von Gasgeneratoren und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens.

Vorrichtung zum Austragen des Gutes aus Schachtöfen.

Gazogène.

Holzgasgenerator.

Procédé pour extraire le mâchefer d'un gazogène à charbon, et gazogène pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.

Gasgenerator.

Gaserzeuger zum Betrieb mit Holz, Holzkohle oder dergl.

Gasgenerator.

Gaserzeuger, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge.

Fahrzeug mit Gaserzeugungsanlage.

Gasgenerator.

Gasgenerator.

Einrichtung zum Betrieb von Kraftmaschinen mittels eines Gaserzeugers mit abwärts gerichtetem Zug, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge.

Gasgenerator, insbesondere für Motorfahrzeuge.

Holzgaserzeuger.

Vorrichtung an Kraftfahrzeugen mit Querstrom-Gasgeneratoren zur Erleichterung des Wiederanfachens derselben.

Im Kofferraum von Kraftfahrzeugen untergebrachter Holzkohlengenerator.

Holzgasgenerator.

Holzkohlengasgenerator.

Herd für Gasgeneratoren.

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process.

Pyrolyser

The present invention provides a pyrolysis system comprising an entrained flow pyrolyser having an opening through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyser also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas, an outlet for pyrolysed biomass and an outlet for syngas. The system has a burner for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet. A syngas extraction means for extracting syngas from the pyrolyser. The syngas extraction means extracts syngas from the pyrolyser at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyser never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyser.

Process and plant for biomass treatment

Described is a plant and process for biomass treatment, where the plant is configured to actuate said process which comprises: —a step A of thermochemical treatment of transformation of a biomass into a carbonaceous solid, where this transformation involves treating the biomass at a treatment temperature of between 150° C. and 300° C. and at a treatment pressure of between 10 atm and 50 atm for 0.5-8 hours, in the presence of water, with accessory production of a treatment gas; —a step B of mixing the treatment gas with an auxiliary gas, to obtain operating gas; —a step C of thermochemical decomposition of the carbonaceous solid in an atmosphere consisting of the operating gas, where the thermochemical decomposition is suitable to obtain a combustible synthesis gas. step

PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification system including a hopper, a loading chamber, a gas generating furnace, an ash discharge unit, and an oxygen supply unit, wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside, whereby oxygen is supplied into the gas generating furnace to increase the content and concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in combustion gas generated during pyrolysis, and thus it is possible to increase the production of syngas. 1. A pyrolysis gasification system comprising:a hopper configured such that raw material is fed thereinto;a loading chamber configured such that the raw material fed into the hopper is temporarily stored therein;a gas generating furnace configured such that the raw material stored in the loading chamber is fed thereinto, and pyrolyzed and incinerated;an ash discharge unit configured to discharge ash completely pyrolyzed in the gas generating furnace; andan oxygen supply unit configured to supply oxygen into the gas generating furnace,wherein the loading chamber is provided at an upper end thereof with a first sealing gate to seal the loading chamber, and the gas generating furnace is provided at an upper portion thereof with a second sealing gate to seal the gas generating furnace, such that when the raw material is fed into the gas generating furnace, external air is prevented from entering the gas generating furnace and combustion gas in the gas generating furnace is prevented from being discharged to an outside.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sealing gate includes:a first door ...

GASIFIER FOR SOLID CARBON FUEL

Gasifiers for the gasification of solid carbon-based fuels are disclosed herein. An example gasifier includes an inlet chamber for introducing fuel into the gasifier and a pyrolysis region for pyrolyzing the fuel introduced into the vessel. The pyrolysis region includes first means for admission of a pyrolysis agent. The example gasifier also includes a combustion region for incinerating pyrolysis gases originating from the pyrolysis region, where the combustion region includes second means for admission of a gasifying agent. Also, the example gasifier includes a reduction region for gasifying carbonized fuel originating from the pyrolysis region, an outlet for collecting gases originating from the reduction region, and a region for collecting and discharging ashes. In addition, the example gasifier includes active transfer means to actively transfer solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region. In some examples, the active transfer means is located between the pyrolysis region and the combustion region, and the active transfer means includes a transfer chamber to prevent a direct flow of the solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region, where the transfer chamber is permeable to the pyrolysis gases. 1. A cocurrent fixed bed gasifier for the gasification of solid carbon-based fuel , the gasifier comprising a vertical vessel successively comprising , from the top downward:an inlet chamber for introducing fuel into the gasifier;a pyrolysis region for pyrolyzing the fuel introduced into the vessel, the pyrolysis region including first means for admission of a pyrolysis agent;active transfer means to actively transfer solid material from the pyrolysis region to a reduction region, the active transfer means including a transfer chamber configured to prevent a direct flow of the solid material from the pyrolysis region to the reduction region, the transfer chamber being permeable to pyrolysis gases originating from the pyrolysis ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONVERSION OF SOLID WASTE INTO SYNTHETIC OIL, GAS, AND FERTILIZER

A method of producing oil, gas, and ash fertilizer from a feedstock includes inputting the feedstock into a reaction chamber having a wall, and combusting the feedstock in the reaction chamber. An electrical current flow is induced between the reaction chamber wall and the feedstock so as to cause arcing in the feedstock within the reaction chamber. Ash reaction byproducts migrate downward through the reaction chamber onto ash support structure, which is substantially electrically isolated from the reaction chamber wall. Gas and liquid reaction byproducts migrate upward through the reaction chamber to an upper chamber by a partial vacuum in the upper chamber, and are evacuated therefrom. The oil and gas are then separated from the evacuated gas/liquid products, providing the oil and the gas products. The oil is refinable, the gas is high in energy content, and the ash fertilizer is high in nitrogen. 1a chamber having an upper outer wall portion and a lower base portion;an inner wall disposed within said chamber, an upper portion of said inner wall being connected to said chamber to form an inner chamber and an outer chamber, the outer chamber comprising a thermal insulator formed by at least a partial vacuum produced by withdrawal of material from above a top opening of the inner chamber;at least one stirring member disposed within the inner chamber;plural cross members disposed within the inner chamber, but not touching any stirring member disposed within the inner wall; andan ash support member disposed within said chamber below a lower reformer opening, but electrically insulated therefrom, and wider than the inner wall.. A reformer combination, comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/706,504, filed May 7, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/620,774, filed Feb. 12, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,057,029, issued Jun. 16, 2015), which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/454 ...

CONTINUOUSLY OPERABLE MECHANICAL OR ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCE FUELED BY GAS OR SOLID FUEL INCLUDING GAS FROM IMPROVED BIOMASS DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER

The invention includes a downdraft gasifier having a rotatable auger/grate extending through its reduction zone. The auger at times moves biofuel through the gasifier and at times supports it in the gasifier. A frusto-conical biomass grate funnels biomass onto the auger and is perforate for permitting the passage of gases while retaining the biomass. A guide tube surrounds the auger below the frusto-conical biomass grate. The invention also includes mixing gas or solid particulate fuel in a conduit segment that houses a mixing chamber. Fuel is fed through a fuel inlet port into the mixing chamber. High velocity combustion air from a blower is forced into the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice that generates a suction pressure for drawing gas or solid particulate fuel into the mixing chamber. A combustion chamber supply conduit delivers fuel from the mixing chamber into a burner. 1. A downdraft gasifier having a fire tube surrounding a gasifier working chamber , a grate within the gasifier working chamber for supporting burning biomass and a fuel gas outlet , the gasifier working chamber including a combustion zone above a reduction zone , the grate of the downdraft gasifier further comprising:an auger extending through a portion of the gasifier working chamber and comprising an auger screw connected to a central auger shaft having a central axis of rotation, an upper end of the auger screw positioned in a region between the combustion zone and the reduction zone, the auger screw extending from its upper end downward into the reduction zone.2. A downdraft gasifier in accordance with and further comprising:(a) a frusto-conical biomass grate in the gasifier working chamber at the combustion zone and arranged for funneling biomass onto the auger screw, the frusto-conical biomass grate being perforated for permitting the passage of gases while retaining the biomass; and(b) a guide tube surrounding the auger screw and having an open upper end in registration with ...

Organic Fuel and Waste Reformer

This invention pertains to the non-catalytic oxygenated steam reforming of organic matter to produce a gas mixture rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The reforming gas is used for production of methane, methanol, dimethyl ether, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other compounds via downstream processing catalytic gas-phase processes and electrolysis. The reforming gas may also be combusted directly for electricity generation. 1. A process for oxygenated steam reforming of organic matter to a gas product of hydrogen , carbon dioxide , carbon monoxide , and water comprising:a. Injection of oxygen and steam preheated by process waste into a reaction zone along with said organic matter;b. Operating the process at temperatures above 400 C and up to 1,500 C in the reformer section;c. Operating the process at pressures near atmospheric pressure to 200 bar in the absence of a catalyst; and,d. Partially combusting said organic matter with oxygen to generate heat that is used to reform the remainder of the organic matter in the presence of steam to form said product gas.2. The method of in which the organic matter is gas claim 1 , liquid claim 1 , or solid household wastes claim 1 , organic agriculture claim 1 , forestry claim 1 , fishing wastes claim 1 , organic construction wastes claim 1 , organic manufacturing or industrial wastes claim 1 , organic municipal or sanitary wastes claim 1 , organic medical wastes claim 1 , organic chemicals claim 1 , fuels claim 1 , organic matter from chemicals claim 1 , fuels including those derived from petroleum claim 1 , lignite claim 1 , coal claim 1 , shale claim 1 , natural gas claim 1 , or mixed organic wastes including those produced at human space exploration outposts in which the organic matter fed to the reformer consists of as-is material claim 1 , a shredded claim 1 , chopped claim 1 , crushed claim 1 , or ground feed claim 1 , or feed otherwise reduced in size or compacted or pelletized to achieve the particle ...

MECHANICAL POWER SOURCE WITH BURNER

The invention includes mixing gas or solid particulate fuel in a conduit segment that houses a mixing chamber. Fuel is fed through a fuel inlet port into the mixing chamber. High velocity combustion air from a blower is forced into the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice that generates a suction pressure for drawing gas or solid particulate fuel into the mixing chamber. A combustion chamber supply conduit delivers fuel from the mixing chamber into a burner. 1. A mechanical power source comprising a burner with a combustion chamber , the mechanical power source further comprising:(a) a conduit segment housing a mixing chamber having a fuel inlet port, a combustion air inlet port and a combustion chamber outlet port;(b) a fuel supply having an outlet connected to the fuel inlet port of the mixing chamber for injecting fuel into the mixing chamber at a fuel supply pressure;(c) a combustion air supply including a blower connected to deliver air at super-atmospheric pressure into the mixing chamber, the combustion air supply connected to the air inlet port of the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice adjacent the mixing chamber for generating a pressure in the mixing chamber less than the fuel supply pressure; and(d) a combustion chamber supply conduit having an inlet end connected to the combustion chamber outlet port and extending into the combustion chamber.2. A mechanical power source in accordance with wherein the air inlet port and the combustion chamber outlet port have aligned central axes that are transverse to a central axis of the fuel inlet port.3. A mechanical power source in accordance with wherein the power source includes an external combustion engine having said combustion chamber adjacent a heat accepting component of the external combustion engine claim 2 , the burner having a circular cross section and the combustion chamber supply conduit is aligned parallel to a tangent of the circular cross section and has an outlet spaced from the ...

BIOMASS GASIFICATION/PYROLYSIS SYSTEM AND PROCESS

A system for producing a syngas from a biomass material. The system compacts a loose biomass material to form a compacted biomass material at an entrance of a reactor tube, and then heats the compacted biomass material within the tube to form ash and a fuel gas mixture. The fuel gas mixture is withdrawn from the tube and the ash is removed from the tube through an exit thereof. Ingress of air into the tube is inhibited by forming a plug of the biomass material at the entrance of the tube and a plug of ash at the exit of the tube. A neutral atmospheric pressure is maintained in the reactor tube relative to pressure outside the reactor tube by monitoring and adjusting a volumetric rate of the fuel gas mixture withdrawn from the reactor tube based on pressures at the entrance and the exit of the reactor tube 1. A system for producing syngas from biomass materials , the system comprising:a reactor containing a reactor tube having an internal passage within which a neutral atmospheric pressure exists relative to pressure outside the reactor tube, an entrance to the internal passage, and an exit to the internal passage, the reactor tube and the internal passage thereof being adapted to contain a compacted biomass material moving through the internal passage and to contain a pyrolysis reaction of the compacted biomass material by which a fuel gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases is formed therefrom within the reactor tube;means for compacting a loose biomass material and forming therefrom the compacted biomass material at the entrance of the reactor tube;means for heating the compacted biomass material within the reactor tube to a temperature at which the pyrolysis reaction occurs whereby organic molecules within the compacted biomass material break down to form ash and the fuel gas mixture;means for withdrawing the fuel gas mixture from the reactor tube;means for removing the ash from the reactor tube through the exit thereof;means comprising the ...

Plasma gasification reactors with modified carbon beds and reduced coke requirements

An apparatus includes a reactor vessel containing a carbonaceous bed and having means for establishing an elevated temperature within the carbonaceous bed; and the reactor vessel also having one or more feed material inlets above the carbonaceous bed for depositing process material from outside the vessel onto the carbonaceous bed, one or more gas exhaust ports above the bed for exit of gaseous products from the vessel, and one or more slag ports at the bottom of the carbonaceous bed for exit of molten and vitreous material from the vessel; wherein the carbonaceous bed comprises bricks that contain carbon and are of varied size and shape of which at least 25% of the total carbon content of the bed comprises spent pot liner material from aluminum processing, and wherein the bricks further comprise at least one of: Portland cement, potassium silicate cement, or aluminum silicate cement.

METHOD OF ONLINE CONTROL OF A SLAG FORMING GASIFICATION PROCESS AND PLANT FOR A GASIFICATION PROCESS

A method of online control of a slag-forming process of gasification of a carbonaceous solid fuel, especially coal, in a gasification reactor with supply of a gasifying agent and a moderator is provided. Certain embodiments relate to a gasification process for producing a product gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a solid fuel, to a computer program for online control of the slag-forming gasification process, and to a plant for conducting a gasification process for producing a product gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a solid fuel. Certain aspects of the invention combine an online solid fuel analysis with a process model in order to operate a gasification process for solid fuels by the feed-forward principle at the thermodynamically optimal operating point. The invention permits the establishment of the operating point in real time in order to react to rapid variations in the composition of the solid fuel. Certain embodiments also permit the complete automation of the gasification process. 1. A method of online control of a slag-forming process of gasification of a carbonaceous solid fuel , in a gasification reactor with supply of a gasifying agent and a moderator , the method comprising the steps of:a) defining the quantity of a product gas to be produced by the gasification process;b) conducting an online solid fuel analysis on a solid fuel sample taken prior to entry of the solid fuel into the gasification reactor by means of an online solid fuel analyser to determine an ash content and an ash composition of the solid fuel prior to entry into the gasification reactor;c) reading out operating data of the gasification reactor by means of a process control system; i. determines an operating temperature of the gasification reactor based on the ash composition ascertained by the online solid fuel analysis in order to enable essentially complete outflow of slag out of the gasification reactor;', 'ii. determines a required mass flow rate of ...

Parallel path, downdraft gasifier apparatus and method

A method for using a downdraft gasifier comprising a housing and a refractory stack contained within the housing. The refractory stack may comprise various sections. Apertures in the sections may be aligned to form multiple columnar cavities. Each columnar cavity may comprise an individual oxidation zone. The method of use may include the steps of placing a feedstock into an upper portion of the refractory stack, measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity, and adjusting the flow of oxygen to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range.

Rotary apparatus for use with a gasifier system and methods of using the same

A method for transporting a solid particulate within a gasifier system is provided. The method includes discharging solid particulate (128) through an inlet into an opening (118) defined within a rotor, wherein the inlet and the solid particulate are at a first pressure. The method further includes rotating the rotor such that at least one end of the opening is aligned in flow communication with a duct (116) at a second pressure that is different from the first pressure. The solid particulate is discharged from the rotor opening through an outlet such that the solid particulate is at the second pressure, and the rotor is rotated such that at least one end of the rotor opening is aligned in flow communication with a pressure source that is at approximately the first pressure, and such that the opening is at the first pressure.

Rotary apparatus for use with a gasifier system and methods of using the same

A method for transporting a solid particulate within a gasifier system is provided. The method includes discharging solid particulate (128) through an inlet into an opening (118) defined within a rotor, wherein the inlet and the solid particulate are at a first pressure. The method further includes rotating the rotor such that at least one end of the opening is aligned in flow communication with a duct (116) at a second pressure that is different from the first pressure. The solid particulate is discharged from the rotor opening through an outlet such that the solid particulate is at the second pressure, and the rotor is rotated such that at least one end of the rotor opening is aligned in flow communication with a pressure source that is at approximately the first pressure, and such that the opening is at the first pressure.

Rotary apparatus for use with a gasifier system and methods of using the same

A method for transporting a solid particulate within a gasifier system is provided. The method includes discharging solid particulate through an inlet into an opening defined within a rotor, wherein the inlet and the solid particulate are at a first pressure. The method further includes rotating the rotor such that at least one end of the opening is aligned in flow communication with a duct at a second pressure that is different from the first pressure. The solid particulate is discharged from the rotor opening through an outlet such that the solid particulate is at the second pressure, and the rotor is rotated such that at least one end of the rotor opening is aligned in flow communication with a pressure source that is at approximately the first pressure, and such that the opening is at the first pressure.

Catalytic gasification

A gasifier (1) for the gasification of biomass and waste to produce combustible effluent, comprising: a fuel valve (22) for loading solid fuel (1 1) into a first oxidation zone (8); a first throat (2) defining the lower edge of the first oxidation zone (8); a second throat (4) defining the lower edge of a second oxidation zone (14); a reduction zone (5) linking the first oxidation zone (8) to the second oxidation zone (14) and; two oppositely located (at the reduction zone) vortex discharge pipes (18) for the combustible effluent wherein in the first oxidation zone the gas flow is in the same direction as fuel flow and in the second oxidation zone the gas flow is in the opposite direction to the fuel flow; a method for the gasification of biomass and waste to produce a combustible effluent using the gasifier, comprising the steps of: partially oxidising a biomass fuel in the first oxidation zone (8) to produce char; reducing the char in the reduction zone (5) to form ash; further oxidising any char residue in the ash in the second oxidation zone (14); extracting the combustible effluent produced in the above steps, by the discharge pipe (18) wherein in the first oxidation zone the gas flow is in the same direction as fuel flow and in the second oxidation zone the gas flow is in the opposite direction to the fuel flow, a novel gasification system and method incorporating the gasifier, a novel filter and method for filtration for use in the system, a novel polymer for use in the filter; and the use thereof in combusting solid fuel such as biomass, fossil fuel, waste, or combinations thereof in producing combustible gases for energy generation.

Sistema de homogenizacion de gas.

Se muestra un sistema y proceso para la homogenización de gas. Esto es útil en las áreas de la generación de gas y su conversión a electricidad en aplicaciones derivadas. El sistema de homogenización minimiza la varianza en las características del gas (composición, flujo, presión, temperatura), dando con ello un flujo de gas continuo de calidad consistente a la maquinaria de derivados. Dicho sistema de homogenización puede ser ajustado para optimizar el flujo de gas de salida para aplicaciones finales específicas, o para optimizar el flujo de gas de salida para distintas materias primas de entrada. Esto asegura que el rendimiento de conversión global sea maximizado, manteniendo al mismo tiempo el proceso rentable. Un flujo de gas de salida continuo y uniforme de este tipo, posee una amplia gama de aplicaciones en las grandes áreas de la generación de electricidad (esto es, haciendo uso de motores de combustión interna y motores de turbina de combustión), síntesis química (esto es, de compuestos tales como etanol, metanol, hidrógeno, metano, monóxido de carbono, hidrocarburos), tecnologías de pilas de combustible y en procesos de poligeneración (procesos que resultan de la producción conjunta de electricidad y combustibles sintéticos).

Apparatus for the conversion of solid waste into synthetic oil, gas and fertilizer

Aparato que convierte materia prima en aceite y fertilizante, que comprende: una cámara (9) de reacción que tiene una zona de reacción y a pared (3); una entrada (1) de materia prima configurada para proporcionar materia prima a la cámara (9) de reacción; un quemador (217) configurado para proporcionar calor a un interior de la cámara (9) de reacción; una entrada (20) de combustible de combustión configurada para proporcionar combustible de combustión al quemador (217); al menos un agitador (5, 7) de materia prima configurado para agitar materia prima dentro de la cámara (9) de reacción; un soporte de fertilizante que comprende una placa (12) de ceniza dispuesto por debajo de la cámara (9) de reacción y configurado para recolectar fertilizante desde la cámara (9) de reacción, en la que la placa (12) de ceniza es soportado por un aislante (612) eléctrico para hacer que el soporte (12) de fertilizante se aísle sustancial y eléctricamente de la pared (3) de cámara de reacción; al menos un procesador (410) configurado para controlar la entrada de materia prima, la entrada de combustible de combustión, y al menos un agitador (5, 7) de materia prima que hace que una corriente eléctrica fluya desde la pared (3) de la cámara (9) de reacción para hacer reaccionar los productos en la zona de reacción; estructura (15) de evacuación configurada para evacuar los subproductos de reacción de la parte de encima de la zona de reacción; y estructura de separación de aceite configurada para separar el aceite de los subproductos de reacción evacuados, y para proporcionar una salida de aceite. Apparatus that converts raw material into oil and fertilizer, comprising: a reaction chamber (9) having a reaction zone and a wall (3); a feedstock inlet (1) configured to provide feedstock to the reaction chamber (9); a burner (217) configured to provide heat to an interior of the reaction chamber (9); a combustion fuel inlet (20) configured to provide combustion fuel to the burner (217); at ...

Rotary apparatus for use with a gasifier system and methods of using the same

A method for transporting a solid particulate within a gasifier system is provided. The method includes discharging solid particulate (128) through an inlet into an opening (118) defined within a rotor, wherein the inlet and the solid particulate are at a first pressure. The method further includes rotating the rotor such that at least one end of the opening is aligned in flow communication with a duct (116) at a second pressure that is different from the first pressure. The solid particulate is discharged from the rotor opening through an outlet such that the solid particulate is at the second pressure, and the rotor is rotated such that at least one end of the rotor opening is aligned in flow communication with a pressure source that is at approximately the first pressure, and such that the opening is at the first pressure.

结合气化器系统使用的旋转设备及其使用方法

提供了一种用于在气化器系统内输送固体颗粒的方法。该方法包括经由入口将固体颗粒(128)排放到限定在转子内的开口(118)中，其中，入口和固体颗粒处于第一压力下。该方法还包括旋转转子，使得开口的至少一端对准成与处于不同于第一压力的第二压力下的导管(116)流动连通。固体颗粒从转子开口经由出口排放出，使得固体颗粒处于第二压力下，且转子旋转使得转子开口的至少一端对准成与大致处于第一压力下的压力源流动连通，且使得开口处于第一压力下。

Coal gasification process with procedure for continuously discharging ash particles and apparatus therefor

1495831 Removing ash from gasifiers KAMYR Inc 12 Feb 1975 [15 Feb 1974] 5958/75 Heading F4B A process for separating ash from pressurized synthetic gasifiers includes the steps of (i) confining the liquid within a first path 16 wherein the liquid is at a high pressure, by having a surface 12 communicating with the gas pressure at the ash particle discharge end of the gasifier 14, (ii) discharging ash particles into the high pressure liquid through the surface 12, (iii) maintaining a continuous flow of the liquid along a second path 18, at a pressure lower than that of the liquid in the first path, and (iv) continuously moving batches of liquid and entrained ash particles from the first path and adding the batches to a second path. The only liquid specified is water. Preferably the batchwise transfer of ash particles and water is performed using a cylindrical sluicing device 26 which includes a rotating wheel containing four diametric channels 74 arranged in two crossing pairs, each pair offset by 45 degrees from the other. Each channel may be rotated to communicate with an inlet 78 of a liner 76, the inlet being in permanent communication, through a hole in a housing 60, with the first, high pressure path 16, thereby filling the channel with ash and water. On rotation through 90 degrees (dashed lines in Fig. 1) the channel then communicates with the inlet 80 from the low pressure path 18 and water flow caused by pump 20 caused discharge of ash and water through sluicing device outlet 84 and then pipe 34. A temperature responsive valve 52 allows cold water to flow into the gasifier to prevent boiling of water in the gasifier and a throttle valve 56 bleeds water and ash from the high pressure path through channel 74 in response to increase in the level of the surface 12 to compensate for cold water input. A sieve 92 in an outlet 82 of the liner 76 allows flow to the throttle valve 56 but retains larger ash particles in the channel 74. Ash and water from valve 54 and ...

结合气化器系统使用的旋转设备及其使用方法

提供了一种用于在气化器系统内输送固体颗粒的方法。该方法包括经由入口将固体颗粒(128)排放到限定在转子内的开口(118)中，其中，入口和固体颗粒处于第一压力下。该方法还包括旋转转子，使得开口的至少一端对准成与处于不同于第一压力的第二压力下的导管(116)流动连通。固体颗粒从转子开口经由出口排放出，使得固体颗粒处于第二压力下，且转子旋转使得转子开口的至少一端对准成与大致处于第一压力下的压力源流动连通，且使得开口处于第一压力下。

Rotary apparatus for use with a gasifier system and methods of using the same

A method for transporting a solid particulate within a gasifier system is provided. The method includes discharging solid particulate through an inlet into an opening defined within a rotor, wherein the inlet and the solid particulate are at a first pressure. The method further includes rotating the rotor such that at least one end of the opening is aligned in flow communication with a duct at a second pressure that is different from the first pressure. The solid particulate is discharged from the rotor opening through an outlet such that the solid particulate is at the second pressure, and the rotor is rotated such that at least one end of the rotor opening is aligned in flow communication with a pressure source that is at approximately the first pressure, and such that the opening is at the first pressure.

Foerfaringssaett och apparat foer framstaellning av gas ur gasalstrande material

用于向固体进给器供给固体原料的系统和方法

本发明提供一种用于向固体进给器供给固体原料的系统和方法，该系统包括：第一固体进给器，该第一固体进给器具有第一进口和第一出口；第二固体进给器，该第二固体进给器具有第二进口和第二出口；以及可调体积，该可调体积联接至第一出口和第二进口。第一固体进给器被构造成以第一进给速率供给原料并且第二固体进给器被构造成以第二进给速率供给原料。可调体积被构造成至少部分地基于第一进给速率和第二进给速率进行调节。

一种用于高温高压工况的分段式排渣罐及其加工工艺

本发明公开了一种用于高温高压工况的分段式排渣罐及其加工工艺，包括壳体和导渣锥体，导渣锥体包括锥体上部和锥体下部，锥体上部包括连接的上锥体和上异形法兰，锥体下部包括连接的下异形法兰和下锥体，下锥体的下端连接有排渣口接管法兰，排渣口接管法兰的侧壁上设置有循环水口接管法兰，各部件的内壁上均堆焊有耐磨耐蚀层，其加工工艺包括：①壳体的制作，②锥体上部的制作，③锥体下部的制作等步骤。采用本发明制得的用于高温高压工况的分段式排渣罐具有导渣锥筒拆装方便，耐磨耐蚀性好，使用寿命长，操作性好，维修和更换成本较低的特点，制作工艺和参数设置均科学合理，具有较高的经济性能和实用性能。

Gas injection type cleaning apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a gas injection type cleaning apparatus and a gas injection type cleaning method. According to the present invention, a sample injection state can be checked with the unaided eye because a burner container is cleaned by gas injection so that a sample continuously attached to the burner container is removed. The gas injection type cleaning apparatus according to the present invention includes: a burner container where a sample supply unit for sample supply and a sample discharge unit for sample discharge are disposed; cleaning means positioned in the burner container; air injection holes formed at regular intervals in the cleaning means; a first air port where air is supplied for injection through the air injection holes; and driving means for moving the cleaning means upward and downward so that the cleaning means can clean a side surface of the burner container.

一种气化炉排渣缓冲器以及气化炉

一种气化炉排渣缓冲器，涉及煤处理设备领域，其包括外筒和内芯，外筒与内芯之间设置有多个扰流板，每个扰流板均沿外筒的轴线方向螺旋设置，两个相邻的扰流板之间形成供渣粒通过的螺旋通道。螺旋通道可以改变渣粒的运动轨迹，吸收渣粒下落的动能，从而避免渣粒对渣锁上部阀的直接冲刷，有效地保护了渣锁上部阀，延长了其使用寿命。一种气化炉，其包括上述气化炉排渣缓冲器，气化炉排渣缓冲器可以对渣锁上部阀形成有效的保护，使其使用寿命更长。

Verfahren zum Betrieb der Brennstoffschleuse eines Gaserzeugers

Absperrvorrichtung zum Verhindern des Nachrutschens von Brennstoff aus dem Fuellraumeines Gaserzeugers

Gaserzeuger zur Vergasung von Koksgrus

Apparatus of tar removal and recovery using solid particles

본 발명은 고체입자를 이용한 타르 정제 및 회수장치에 관한 것으로, 이를 위해 투입되는 고체입자와 스팀을 내부에 수용된 고온의 유동사에 의해 열분해시켜 H 2 와 CO가 주성분인 합성가스를 생성시키는 유동층가스화기(10);와, 상기 유동층가스화기(10)에 연결되어 합성가스를 공급받아 합성가스에 포함된 더스트 및 유동사를 배출처리하고 합성가스만을 분리하는 제 1가스분리기(20);와, 상기 제 1가스분리기(20)로부터 합성가스를 공급받아 상기 합성가스에 포함된 타르를 고체입자의 표면에 흡착시켜 합성가스와 함께 고체입자를 배출시키는 타르제거기(30);와, 상기 타르제거기(30)에서 공급된 타르가 흡착된 고체입자는 배출하여 유동층가스화기(10)에 환원하고 상기 합성가스만을 분리하는 제 2가스분리기(40); 및 상기 제 2가스분리기(40)로부터 합성가스를 공급받아 합성연료로 사용할 수 있도록 정제시키는 정제필터(50);를 포함하되, 상기 고체입자는 바이오매스로 이루어지고, 상기 제 2가스분리기(40)로부터 유동층가스화기(10)로 환원되는 고체입자는 고체입자의 투입원료 또는 유동사의 가열원료로 재사용되는 것을 특징으로 한다. The present invention relates to a tar refining and recovery apparatus using solid particles, and fluidized bed gas for generating pyrolysis of H 2 and CO as a main component by pyrolyzing solid particles and steam introduced therein by a high-temperature flowing sand contained therein. And a first gas separator (20) connected to the fluidized bed gasifier (10) to receive syngas and to discharge dust and flow sand contained in the syngas and to separate only the syngas. The tar remover 30 receives the synthesis gas from the first gas separator 20 and adsorbs the tar included in the synthesis gas on the surface of the solid particles to discharge the solid particles together with the synthesis gas; and the tar remover ( A second gas separator 40 for discharging the tar adsorbed solid particles from 30) to reduce the fluidized bed gasifier 10 and separating only the syngas; And a refining filter (50) for receiving the synthesis gas from the second gas separator (40) so as to be used as a synthetic fuel, wherein the solid particles are made of biomass and the second gas separator (40). The solid particles to be reduced to the fluidized bed gasifier 10 is characterized in that it is reused as the raw material of the solid particles or the heating raw material of the fluid.

Reactor for producing generator gas

Gasification plant

The invention relates to a plant ( 100 ) for the gasification of biomass. It comprises a gasifier ( 10 ) and an apparatus ( 23 ) for the filtration of the gas. The apparatus comprises a scrubber ( 31 ), a tank ( 41 ), and a wet electrostatic precipitator ( 51 ). The scrubber is in fluid communication with the gasifier and with the tank, and is adapted for the injection of a washing liquid in the gas flow. The tank comprises a bottom area adapted for collecting the liquid and a top area adapted for holding the gas, separated by gravity. The wet electrostatic precipitator is in fluid communication with the top area of the tank, so as to receiving only the gas. The invention further relates to a gasifier comprising a gasification reactor ( 12 ), a grate ( 125 ) for the support of the biomass in the reactor ( 12 ) and a plug ( 126 ) for closing the middle part of the grate. The plug is vertically movable so as to close and/or open the middle part of the grate.

Pyrolysis gasification system

본 발명의 열분해 가스화 시스템은 원료이 투입되는 호퍼와, 상기 호퍼로 투입된 원료가 일시 저장되는 로딩 챔버와, 상기 로딩 챔버에 저장된 원료가 투입되고 원료를 열분해 소각하는 가스 생성로와, 상기 가스 생성로에서 열분해가 완료된 소각재를 배출하는 소각재 배출유닛과, 상기 가스 생성로 내부로 산소를 공급하는 산소 공급유닛을 포함하고, 상기 가스 생성로 내부로 원료을 투입할 때 외부공기가 가스 생성로 내부로 유입되는 것을 방지함과 아울러 가스 생성로 내부의 연소가스가 외부로 배출되는 것을 방지하도록 로딩 챔버의 상단에는 상기 로딩 챔버를 밀폐하는 제1밀폐 게이트가 설치되고, 상기 가스 생성로의 상부에는 가스 생성로를 밀폐하는 제2밀폐 게이트가 설치되도록 구성되어, 가스 생성로 내부로 산소를 공급하여 원료 소각시 발생되는 연소가스 중 일산화탄소와 수소의 함량을 높일 수 있도록 하여 전기 생산용 연료 또는 메탄올 등의 화학 제품을 제조할 수 있는 합성가스의 생산량을 증대시킬 수 있다. The pyrolysis gasification system of the present invention includes a hopper into which a raw material is injected, a loading chamber in which the raw material input to the hopper is temporarily stored, a gas generation furnace in which the raw material stored in the loading chamber is input and pyrolysis and incineration of the raw material, and the gas generating furnace It includes an incineration ash discharging unit that discharges the incineration ash that has been pyrolyzed, and an oxygen supply unit that supplies oxygen into the gas generating furnace, and prevents external air from flowing into the gas generating furnace when raw materials are introduced into the gas generating furnace. A first sealing gate is installed at the top of the loading chamber to seal the loading chamber to prevent the combustion gas inside the gas generation furnace from being discharged to the outside, and the gas generation furnace is sealed at the top of the gas generation furnace. It is configured to install a second hermetic gate to increase the content of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the combustion gas generated during the incineration of raw materials by supplying oxygen into the gas generating furnace to produce fuel for electricity production or chemical products such as methanol. It can increase the production of syngas that can be done.

Ultra High Temperature plasma combustion system for bulk processing of waste plastics

The present invention provides a UHT plasma combustion system for performing multi-stage combustion for waste plastics or alternative fuels supplied through a plasma combustion means and air supplied from a combustion air supply nozzle. The UHT plasma combustion system secures combustion residence time of waste by using a plurality of pushers arranged in multiple stages in a vertical direction and a high-flow nozzle, thereby increasing combustion efficiency and effectively removing foreign substances.

Gasification

A method for the gasification of solid fuel to produce combustible effluent, comprising the steps of: partially oxidizing a biomass fuel in a first oxidation zone to produce char; reducing the char in a reduction zone to form ash; further oxidizing any char residue ash in a second oxidation zone; and extracting the combustible effluent produced in the above steps, by a discharge pipe wherein in the first oxidation zone the gas flow is in the same direction as fuel flow and in the second oxidation zone the gas flow is in the opposite direction to the fuel flow.

Method and apparatus for processing carbon-containing feed stock into gas by gasification

Изобретение относится к химической технологии и оборудованию, в частности к устройствам для переработки твердых бытовых и промышленных отходов, а также других углеродсодержащих исходных материалов в топливный газ путем газификации и к способам осуществления процесса пиролиза и газификации с нижней тягой. Устройство для газификации включает продолговатый внешний резервуар, продолговатый внутренний резервуар, указанный внутренний резервуар расположен внутри указанного внешнего резервуара, в результате чего образуется полость между указанным внутренним резервуаром и указанным внешним резервуаром, загрузочный механизм, включающий продолговатый корпус загрузочного механизма и подающее исходный материал устройство для перемещения указанного исходного материала вдоль указанного продолговатого корпуса загрузочного механизма, корпус газогенератора с внутренней поверхностью и внешней поверхностью, камеру сгорания, газоотвод и механизм для выгрузки шлака. Изобретение обеспечивает переработку исходных материалов с разнообразными морфологическими структурами, фракционным составом и повышенным влагосодержанием. 2 н. и 25 з.п. ф-лы, 34 табл., 3 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 555 884 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/72 (2006.01) C10B 53/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012143729/05, 07.03.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 07.03.2011 (72) Автор(ы): СТРИЖАК Сергий Ю. (US) (73) Патентообладатель(и): РЕЙН УОТЕР, ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.04.2014 Бюл. № 11 R U 15.03.2010 US 61/314,002 (45) Опубликовано: 10.07.2015 Бюл. № 19 2303050 C1, 20.07.2007; . RU 86592 U1, 10.09.2009; . US 6648932 B1, 18.11.2003. US 6615748 B2, 09.09.2003 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 15.10.2012 2 5 5 5 8 8 4 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2081894 C1, 20.06.1997; . RU 2 5 5 5 8 8 4 R U US ...

Produce the method and system of cleaning steam based on solid fuel

固体燃料通过分阶段热反应器被转变为具有低含量的挥发性有机化合物(VOC)、NOx和粉尘的清洁热烟道气和具有低含碳量的清洁灰，其中固体燃料的转变过程分为独立的竖直阶段(从下到上)：灰燃尽、炭氧化和气化、热解、干燥和气体燃烧阶段，来自气化器的气体在此中燃烧。

Scattering dust reducing type pyrolysis gasifier

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 비산 먼지 저감형 열분해 가스화로는 폐기물이 투입되어 열분해되고, 상단이 개방된 통부; 및 상기 통부의 상단에 구비되고, 상기 통부의 상부 개구를 개폐하는 커버부; 를 포함하고, 상기 커버부는, 이동가능하게 구비되어 상기 통부의 상부 개구를 개폐시키는 횡이동 모듈; 및 상기 횡이동 모듈에 연결되어 상기 횡이동 모듈을 승강시키는 리프팅 모듈;을 포함할 수 있다.

A multi-zone carbon conversion system with plasma melting

提供一种将处理过的原料转化成合成气和熔渣的多段碳转化器，其包括：腔室，包括和熔渣段连通的碳转化段，以通过施加等离子热量来将灰熔融成熔融的熔渣/或者用于将熔渣保持为熔融状态。所述碳转化段和所述熔渣段由段间区域隔开，所述段间区域包括阻滞体以阻止或限制物质在两个段之间的运动。所述段间区域也可以提供通过影响来自熔渣段的等离子热量的传递来将灰初始熔融为熔融的熔渣。

Pyrolytic gasification and combustion apparatus

一种热解气化与燃烧装置，包括上料装置、进料装置、气化装置和燃烧装置，气化装置为气化炉体，该气化炉炉体的高度介于具有同等生产能力的煤气化炉与生物质气化炉之间。该装置能同时热解气化块煤、生物质块状燃料及垃圾成型燃料(RDF5)等，并生成CO、CH4、H2等可燃气体，再将该可燃气体输送到锅炉进行燃烧，以提供蒸汽和热水，具有突出的实用性。

Catalytic gasification to produce ammonia and urea

The present invention provides a process for preparing higher-value products from carbonaceous feedstocks. The process includes converting carbonaceous feedstock in a hydromethanation reactor to a methane-enriched raw product stream, converting the methane-enriched raw product stream to an ammonia synthesis feed gas, then converting the ammonia synthesis feed gas to higher-value products such as ammonia and urea.

Apparatus and process for synthesizing syn gas

Catalytic gasification to produce ammonia and urea

一种用于产生氨和尿素的催化气化的方法。方法包括将碳质原料(32)在加氢甲烷化反应器(200)中转化为富含甲烷的粗产物流(50)，将富含甲烷的粗产物流(50)转化为氨合成进料气，随后将氨合成进料气转化为高价值产物，例如氨和尿素。

Method of gasifying large molecular weight organic materials and apparatus therefor

A method of gasifying large molecular weight organic materials (carbonaceous compounds) such as coal, shredded waste tire or waste oil into gaseous fuel, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and an apparatus therefore are provided. The method comprises the steps of supplying initial fuel gas and oxygen into a gasification reactor to produce water and carbon dioxide, supplying the organic materials into the reactor and reacting them with the water and carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, discharging the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from the reactor, recycling a part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas discharged from the reactor into the reactor, and reacting the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas supplied into the reactor with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. The method facilitates the control of temperature in the gasification reactor as well as produces fuel gas of high quality by increasing the concentration of hydrogen.

Catalytic gasification to produce ammonia and urea

The present invention provides a process for preparing higher-value products from carbonaceous feedstocks. The process includes converting carbonaceous feedstock in a hydromethanation reactor to a methane-enriched raw product stream, converting the methane-enriched raw product stream to an ammonia synthesis feed gas, then converting the ammonia synthesis feed gas to higher-value products such as ammonia and urea.

Method and device for the pyrolysis and gasification of material mixtures containing organic components

The invention is used for the pyrolysis and gasification of material mixtures containing organic components. The organic materials or the material mixture containing organic components are brought into contact with a heat transfer medium, preferably the ash from a combustion reactor, and pyrolysed in a pyrolysis reactor, preferably a shaft reactor. The coke which is generated by pyrolysis is combusted with an air supply in a combustion reactor, preferably in a fluidized bed reactor. The condensable components of the crude gas which is generated by pyrolysis are cracked in a cracking reactor, preferably by means of a catalyst. In order to improve said method, the heat transfer medium is transported using overheated steam (50) as a fluidizing medium.

Method and device for pyrolysis and gasification of mixtures containing organic components

The invention is used for the pyrolysis and gasification of material mixtures containing organic components. The organic materials or the material mixture containing organic components are brought into contact with a heat transfer medium, preferably the ash from a combustion reactor, and pyrolysed in a pyrolysis reactor, preferably a shaft reactor. The coke which is generated by pyrolysis is combusted with an air supply in a combustion reactor, preferably in a fluidized bed reactor. The condensable components of the crude gas which is generated by pyrolysis are cracked in a cracking reactor, preferably by means of a catalyst. In order to improve said method, the heat transfer medium is transported using overheated steam (50) as a fluidizing medium.

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and apparatus therefor

本发明提供一种将大分子量有机材料(含碳材料)例如煤、粉碎的轮胎或废油等气化成气体燃料、一氧化碳和氢气的方法，且还提供该方法所用的装置。所述方法包括下列步骤：供应初始的燃料气体和氧气至气化反应器中以制得水和二氧化碳，供应有机材料至反应器中并使它们与水和二氧化碳反应以制得一氧化碳和氢气，从反应器中排出一氧化碳和氢气，将从反应器中排出的一氧化碳和氢气的一部分再循环至反应器中，且将供应至反应器的一氧化碳和氢气与氧气反应以制得水和二氧化碳。该方法通过增长氢气的浓度而有助于对气化反应器中的温度的控制并制得高质量的燃料气体。

Pyrolysis gasifier including automated ash treating apparatus

본 발명은 자동 재 처리기를 포함하는 열분해 가스화로에 관한 것이다. 구체적으로, 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 가연성 폐기물이 투입되어 열분해되는 통부, 상기 통부의 하측에 배치되어 상기 통부를 선택적으로 밀폐시키는 바닥 도어부, 상기 통부를 지지하는 메인 프레임, 상기 바닥 도어부를 지지하는 베이스 프레임, 상기 바닥 도어부 상에 잔존하는, 상기 가연성 폐기물의 열분해 후 남은 재를 일방향으로 주행하면서 밀어내어 제거하는 자동 재 처리기 및 상기 자동 재 처리기를 지지하고, 상기 자동 재 처리기의 주행을 가이드하는 가이드 프레임을 포함하고, 상기 자동 재 처리기는, 상기 메인 프레임, 상기 베이스 프레임 및 상기 가이드 프레임 중 어느 하나에 연결되어 지지되는 유압 구동 부재를 포함하고, 상기 유압 구동 부재의 구동에 의해 상기 자동 재 처리기가 상기 가이드 프레임 상에서 주행하는, 열분해 가스화로가 제공될 수 있다.

Method and apparatus for processing of carbon-containing feed stock into gasification gas

본 발명은 화학적 기술 및 설비에 관한 것으로, 특히 고체의 가정용 및 산업용 폐기물뿐만 아니라 그 외의 다른 탄소-함유 피드스톡을 연소가능한 가스화 가스로 처리하는 장치 및 열 분해 및 다운드래프트 가스화 처리를 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, and more particularly to a device for treating solid household and industrial wastes as well as other carbon-containing feedstocks with a combustible gasification gas and a process for pyrolysis and down- will be.

A kind of gasification furnace dreg removing system of comprehensive utilization

本发明提供一种综合利用的气化炉排渣系统，包括：锁斗，用于接收气化炉的废渣；锁斗冲洗单元，用于向锁斗供应冲洗灰水；废渣处理单元，用于接收锁斗排出的冲洗黑水并对其进行处理；合成气洗涤单元，用于对粗合成气进行洗涤净化，还用于向气化炉供应黑水IIa以用作激冷水；泄压单元，用于对锁斗泄压；充压单元，用于对锁斗充压；黑水处理单元，用于接收黑水I、黑水IIb和来自气化炉的黑水III并对它们进行净化处理，还用于供应所述锁斗冲洗单元所用的冲洗灰水、所述合成气洗涤单元所用的合成气洗涤用水和所述充压单元所用的充压水所需的水源。本发明提供的排渣系统，系统用水能全部在内部循环，装置消耗低且能大幅减少系统的外排。

Treatment process for preparing fuel gas by biomass fixed bed gasification furnace

本发明提供了一种用于生物质固定床气化炉制备燃气的处理工艺，其包括以下步骤：S1、生物质原料在固定床气化炉中热解气化制备得到燃气：气化炉包括纵向设置的炉体、炉排，炉排设在炉体的底部，炉体上设有进料管道；S2、对燃气进行净化除尘：将燃气通入气体净化装置进行净化处理，得到焦油和净化后的燃气；S3、将气体净化装置中的焦油投入炉体中，进行再次反应。本发明既能实现彻底去除焦油、又能在不降低产出效率，其大大降低了对环境造成污染，解决了生产成本。

Apparatus for waste gasification

A gasification system that includes a gasification reactor chamber having perforated conduits or an inner lining that increases the exposed surface area of waste materials to gasification conditions, thereby decreasing gasification temperature, time, and cooling period between subsequent gasification procedures. After an aspirator withdraws and oxidizes fuel gas from the gasification reactor chamber, a flare assembly combusts the mixed fuel gas to provide power or heat to at least one heat recovery device. The at least one heat recovery device recaptures thermal energy entrained in the exhaust, thereby reducing exhaust temperature and eliminating the need for an exhaust stack. An absorber purifies the exhaust and an extractor removes carbon dioxide. A portion of the removed carbon dioxide may be used for industrial purposes or for supporting vegetation. At least a portion of the remaining exhaust is returned to the gasification reactor chamber as recycled process gas, thereby completing a closed-loop system.

Improved apparatus for waste gasification

A gasification system that includes a gasification reactor chamber (101) having perforated conduits or an inner lining that increases the exposed surface area of waste materials to gasification conditions, thereby decreasing gasification temperature, time, and cooling period between subsequent gasification procedures. After an aspirator withdraws and oxidizes fuel gas from the reactor chamber, a flare assembly (229b) combusts the mixed fuel gas to provide power or heat to at least one heat recovery device (111). The at least one heat recovery device recaptures thermal energy entrained in the exhaust, thereby reducing exhaust temperature and eliminating the need for an exhaust stack. An absorber purifies the exhaust and an extractor (117) removes carbon dioxide. A portion of the removed carbon dioxide may be used for industrial purposes or for supporting vegetation. At least a portion of the remaining exhaust is returned to the reactor chamber as recycled process gas, thereby completing a closed-loop process.

Plasma gasification reactor with improved carbon bed and the coke demand reduced

反应器中的碳质床包括含碳材料，所述含碳材料不是焦炭，而是包括天然木块或者砖块，所述砖块由在粘结剂中的非焦炭碳质材料以及任选的其它成分如催化剂和助熔剂形成。该床减少了在工艺(如用于合成气生产)中所需的焦炭量。这种非焦炭单元可应用于反应器中的原始碳质床，也可用于补充原始床中反应的碳。该床可在非焦炭砖块中或者所应用的其它材料中包含与气化反应器的气体反应产物分离的未气化的碳微粒物质，而其它碳质材料可能经常被认为是废料，例如来自制铝的废电解槽内衬材料以及来自气化反应器的烟灰水。某些反应器结构改进也可导致床中的碳消耗减少。

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

The present invention provides a vertically oriented gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions for conversion of carbonaceous feedback into gas. The gasifier comprises of one or more processing chambers with two or more vertically successive processing regions being distributed within said one or more processing chambers, within each one of which a respective process selected from the group consisting of drying, volatilization and carbon conversion is at least partially favoured. The processing regions are identified by temperature ranges respectively enabling each said respective process. One or more additive input elements are associated with the processing regions for inputting additives to promote each said at least partially favoured process therein. In addition, the gasifier comprises one or more material displacement control modules adapted to control a vertical movement of the feedstock through said processing regions to enhance each said at least partially favoured process, one or more feedstock inputs located near a first of said processing regions and one or more gas outputs and one or more residue outputs.

Combustible gas producer plant

Combustible gas producer (10) plant includes a fluidised bed (11) of inert particulate material to which fuel is fed for partial combustion. The bed is fluidised with steam and/or air and a combustible gas is produced by the incomplete combustion of fuel the dissociation of steam and the water gas reaction in the hot bed. At least part of the combustible gas produced is recycled and passed back into the bed. The steam may be generated by a boiler / superheater (19) through which the combustible gases exiting from the bed pass. Gas tight fuel feeding (27) and ash removal arrangements (80) are described enabling the pressure in the bed to be maintained super-atmospheric. Control of the plant is effected by an on-line microprocessor.

Compartmentalized grate device for total or partial combustion, distillation, drying or gas admission

Gasifier for the production of gas mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by continuous gasification of solid fuels

Reversed draught gas producer - incorporates two=stage air heating with continuous heat exchanger cleaning to maximise thermal efficiency and ensure efficient dust sepn.

A reversed draught gas producer with tubular combustion-air heater, countercurrent combustion-gas cooler and washer and condenser, and hydraulic ash discharge incorporates a combination of: exchanger in which warm air is heated and gas is cooled; exchanger in which cold air is heated and gas already partially purified is cooled; a washer incorporating the condenser in its upper part utilising the main part of the section of the washer. The exchanger in which warm air is heated and gas is cooled is placed as near as possible to the air inlet and under the grate of the producer, down-stream of it, in a drawing-off chamber of large vol., where the gases have a low speed facilitating the deposit of ash in the chamber. The gas circulates outside the tubes of the bundle and the arrangement is such that these gases are at >200 degrees and reach 600 degrees causing pyrolysis of the deposits and continuous cleaning of the tubes. The bottom of the chamber is constituted by a hydraulic joint with water renewal and includes a device for submerging the ashes deposited on the surface of the water and discharging the submerged ashes. The cold air heater raises the temp. of the combustion air to 120 degrees before it enters the warm air heater which operates at a much higher temp. since it is near the grate. The combustion air reaches the injectors at a much higher temp. than in existing technique. The cleaning of the tubes by pyrolysis maintains max. thermal efficiency. Dust sepn. is very efficient and gas going to cold air heater and then to the washer is practically pure. Much less piping is required than in existing procedures.

Improvements in the construction of gasifiers

Improvements to gas generators

Gasifier

Unloading device for gasifiers

Furnace for gas and coke production, with adjoining gas generator

Improvements to gasifiers

Improvements to gasifiers

Improvements to gasifiers

Rotating grid gas generator

Improvements to gasifiers

FUEL MATERIAL PROCESSING INSTALLATION AND METHOD OF OPERATION

Improvements to gasifiers

Improvements to gasifiers

Patent FR2422712B1

Improvements to gasifiers

Device for the production of lean gas

Improvements relating to gasifiers

Improvements in gasifiers

Gasifier

Improvements to gasifiers

Improvements to gasifiers

Automatic scrubbing device for gasifier

Patent FR2261332B1

Device for removing ash and slag from gas generators

Fixed bed gasifier for combustible solids - having air cooled combustion chamber and combustion air preheating (BR 20.4.82)

A gasifier for combustible solids operates on the down draft principle employing as a primary source of combustion air preheated air which has been passed through an external combustion chamber cooling coil and entering via circumferential tuyeres. Excess air may be passed through the coil to enable the requirements of cooling and combustion to be satisfied independently. Additional combustion air is injected direct into the centre of the combustion chamber. To facilitate maintenance the combustion chamber and cooling coils are constructed in replaceable modules. Appts. is used for the gasification of wood, vegetable refuse or any carboniferous material of mineral or vegetable origin. Air injection into the centre of the combustion chamber ensures that the lightest temperatures are encountered away from the walls of the combustion chamber.

Improvements to gasifier gas generators

New gasifier

Improvements to gasifiers

Improvements to gasifiers

Clean lean gas generator

Gasifier vaporizer

Improvements to gasifiers

Coal gasification process with improved procedure for continuously discharging ash particles and apparatus therefor

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A process of producing gas from gas producing material, such as coal, within a gasifier by continuously heating the material under pressure to produce gas and ash particles, and continuously discharging the ash particles from the gasifier, the continuous discharging comprising the steps of confining a liquid, such as water or the like, within a first path including a volume having a free surface in communication with the gas pressure at the ash particle discharge end of the gasifier, substantially continuously discharging the ash particles into the aforesaid volume of water through the free surface thereof, maintaining a contin-uous flow of water along a second path at an energy level reduced with respect to the energy level of the water in the first path and continuously removing successive incremental volumes of ash particles entrained in water from communication with the first path and communicating the successive incremental volumes of water and entrained ash particles with the water flowing in the second flow path and apparatus therefor.

Patent IN145521B

Process for gas production

Plasma arc gasification reactors with modified carbon layers and coke consumption

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to plasma gasification reactors or vitrified materials which have layers of reactive carbonaceous material, a method of forming and maintaining a carbonaceous layer, and starting material for formation of carbon-containing products for use among particles of carbonaceous layer. Reactor comprises a reaction vessel containing a carbonaceous layer and comprising one or more plasma torches to create a temperature rise within bed, a reaction vessel having one or more inlets for feed material above bed for laying material to be processed outside vessel on a layer of one or more gas exhaust openings above bed to product gas outlet of vessel and one or more openings for slag in bottom layer to exit of molten slag and metal from vessel, and a carbonaceous layer containing a mass of particles which contain carbon and are of different size and shape, leaving voids between particles, and particle strength sufficient to maintain voids between particles under pressure of processed material layer, and mass of particles containing carbon, has at least 25 % carbon content in particles, other than coke, selected from a group consisting of wood blocks of natural wood, blocks containing carbon powder, and one or more binders, and mixtures thereof. Method of generating and maintaining carbonaceous layer with components, replacing coke, comprises formation of certain number of non-coke components, formation of an initial carbonaceous layer with number of coke particles, conducting a pyrolysis process with carbonaceous layer and replacing carbon material in pyrolysis process. EFFECT: invention minimises use of coke. 31 cl, 3 tbl, 9 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК B01J 8/02 B01J 19/00 C10B 53/08 C10J 3/02 C10J 3/20 (13) 2 581 092 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2014113900/05, 05.01.2012 (24) Дата начала ...

Improvements to gasifiers