СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА С ОДНОВРЕМЕННОЙ ОЧИСТКОЙ ГАЗА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к технологии газификации твердого топлива. Изобретение касается способа газификации, который разделен на три стадии: газификационный этап пиролиза и газификации (фаза пиролиза и газификации, первый этап) в газификационной печи 10, сжигание угля для получения декарбонизированного активного химического реагента (фаза сжигания угля, второй этап) в печи 20 для сжигания, и очистка газифицированного газа (фаза очистки газифицированного газа, третий этап) в печи 30 очистки газа. Благодаря передаче тепла посредством теплопередающей текучей среды и согласованности химических реакций, проходящих в разных фазах с участием химического реагента, в газификационной печи 10 независимо устанавливается низкая или средняя температура (773-1073 К), требующаяся для газификации и обеспечивающая поглощение СO2, а в печи 30 очистки газа устанавливается высокая температура (1073 К или выше), требующаяся для очистки газа. Изобретение также касается устройства для газификации твердого топлива ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СВОБОДНОГО ОТ ПИРОЛИЗНЫХ СМОЛ ГОРЮЧЕГО ГАЗА ПРИ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ КОНДЕНСИРОВАННОГО ТОПЛИВА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to processing condensed fuels to produce combustible gas. Solved technical problem is obtaining in a single process of combustible gas free from pyrolysis resins at low temperature and with high energy efficiency. Process is implemented at coupled operation of two counterflow devices - pyrolyser and gas generator, and it can be implemented in various types of counter-flow reactors: multipode furnace, shaft reactor, rotating drum. Condensed fuel is loaded into a pyrolyser, pyrolyser is fed into the pyrolyser by counterflow to fuel supply, generator gas extracted from the gas generator at temperature of 400–800 °C, pyrolysis of fuel in countercurrent of gas is carried out, pyrolysis gases are collected from the pyrolyser and forced to the gas generator. At the same time coked fuel from pyrolysis is loaded into gas generator, preferably mixed with solid non-combustible material, oxygen-containing gas is supplied to gas generator by counterflow to cork fuel, incineration fuel is burnt in counterflow of gas and unloading of solid residue of combustion from lower part of gas generator. Output of gaseous products from gas generator is carried out through layer of solid material. Gaseous products of pyrolysis and drying are supplied to the gas generator upwards through the gas flow of supply of the main part of the oxygen-containing gas. Disclosed is a device for realizing a process, which consists of pyrolyser in form of multi-core furnace and gasifier, in form of vertical shaft furnace, characterized in that gasifier is additionally equipped with device for extraction of hot generator gas and its supply to pyrolyser, and outlet of gaseous products of pyrolysis and drying is equipped with fan for forced supply into gasifier. EFFECT: invention can be used for processing of various solid fuels for power generation. 9 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 733 777 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/66 (2006.01) C10J 3/12 (2006.01) ...

Способ получения электроэнергии из некондиционной топливной биомассы и устройство для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к электроэнергетике на основе возобновляемых источников энергоресурсов и местных видов топлива, в частности биомассы, децентрализованному электроснабжению, а также к переработке и утилизации твердых органических, в том числе бытовых отходов. Техническим результатом является повышение эффективности производства электроэнергии. Способ предусматривает на первой стадии подачу исходного сырья - измельченной топливной биомассы различного происхождения - и осуществление ее паровоздушной газификации в плотном слое в реакторе-газификаторе прямого процесса, при этом в процессе газификации в противоток движению сырья через нижнюю часть реактора-газификатора, где происходит накопление и вывод твердых продуктов - отходов газификации, в активную зону газификации посредством, например, дутья подают газифицирующие агенты - воздух и водяной пар и/или воду - в необходимых для протекания окислительно-восстановительных реакций газификации соотношениях с газифицируемым сырьем, а получаемый ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА РЕЦИКЛИРОВАНИЯ

... 1. Способ рециклирования, включающий стадии избирательного сжигания углеродного компонента в материале; пиролиза и газификации материала посредством использования теплоты сгорания в указанном процессе сжигания в качестве источника теплоты; и подачи пиролизата, полученного в указанном процессе пиролиза и газификации на, по меньшей мере, один процесс, выбранный из процесса нефтепереработки и нефтехимического процесса. 2. Способ рециклирования, включающий стадии избирательного сжигания углеродного компонента в материале; пиролиза и газификации материала посредством использования теплоты сгорания в указанном процессе сжигания в качестве источника теплоты; охлаждения и очистки пиролизата, полученного в указанном процессе пиролиза и газификации; и подачи охлажденного и очищенного пиролизата на, по меньшей мере, один процесс, выбранный из процесса нефтепереработки и нефтехимического процесса. 3. Способ рециклирования, включающий стадии избирательного сжигания углеродного компонента в материале ...

СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ В ТОПЛИВО

... 1. Система переработки твердого топлива в топливо, содержащая: ! пиролитическую установку для получения пирогаза, содержащего углеводороды; ! установку для получения синтез-газа, в которой пирогаз преобразуется в синтез-газ, содержащий смесь водорода и окиси углерода; и ! установку для переработки газа в жидкость, в которой синтез-газ преобразуется в топливо. ! 2. Система по п.1, в которой пиролитической установкой является пиролитическая установка непрерывного действия. ! 3. Система по п.1, в которой установкой для получения синтез-газа является установка для парового реформинга. ! 4. Система по п.1, в которой установкой для переработки газа в жидкость является система Фишера-Тропша. ! 5. Система по п.1, в которую дополнительно входит установка для очистки пирогаза с целью удаления загрязняющих веществ из пирогаза. ! 6. Система по п.1, в которой установкой для очистки пирогаза является установка для удаления двуокиси углерода. ! 7. Система по п.1, в которой установкой для очистки пирогаза ...

Способ переработки топлива, получаемого из отходов, и устройство дл его осуществлени

... 1. Способ переработки топлива, получаемого из отходов, с получением из него топливного газа при помощи термического крекинга, отличающийся тем, что материал подвергают деаэрации, получают слой материала в вакууме при изоляции от внешнего воздействия (в камере термического крекинга) при температуре от 400 до 600°С, поддерживаемой при помощи противоточно направленного потока горячих газов, которые охватывают материал; подают материал, прошедший камеру термического крекинга, в реактор, в котором его подвергают воздействию температур от 1200°С до 1800°С, вблизи входа камеры термического крекинга отводят газы, полученные в результате термического крекинга, а также отводят газы, покрывающие слой материала, для поддержания вакуума в камере термического крекинга, подают отведенные газы в разрядный трубопровод, предназначенный для газов, образующихся в реакторе, очищают и фильтруют полученные газы для их использования в качестве топливных газов. 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что горячие газы ...

СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА С ОДНОВРЕМЕННОЙ ОЧИСТКОЙ ГАЗА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ

... 1. Способ газификации твердого топлива с одновременной очисткой газа, отличающийся тем, что на первой стадии в реактор фазы пиролитической газификации подают твердое топливо и агент газификации и упомянутое твердое топливо подвергают пиролизу в контакте с теплопередающей средой с образованием угля, который газифицируют упомянутым агентом газификации, причем CO2, образующийся в газифицированном газе при упомянутом пиролизе и газификации, поглощают активным химическим реагентом при температуре реакции упомянутой фазы пиролитической газификации, после чего, на второй стадии, в реактор фазы сжигания угля подают остаточный не подвергшийся газификации в упомянутом реакторе фазы пиролитической газификации уголь и охлажденную теплопередающую среду, температуру которой снижают за счет ее использования для пиролиза и газификации упомянутого твердого топлива, малоактивный химический реагент, активность которого уменьшают за счет реакции с упомянутым CO2, и вновь добавленный неактивный химический реагент ...

Method and apparatus for low-temperature biomass pyrolysis and high-temperature biomass gasification

Process and machine for the transformation of combustible pollutants or waste materials into clean energy and utilisable products.

Method and apparatus for low-temperature biomass pyrolysis and high-temperature biomass gasification

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BIOMASS BY PYROLYSIS

Thermal-chemical utilization of carbon-containing materials, in particular for the emission-free generation of energy

A gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE BIOMASS PYROLYSIS AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE BIOMASS GASIFICATION

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BIOMASS BY CARBONIZATION

Thermal-chemical utilization of carbon-containing materials, in particular for the emission-free generation of energy.

Process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomas by carbonization

Process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomass by pyrolysis

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Method and installation of matter gasification of vegetable origin.

Gas generator with fixed bed.

Thermal-chemical utilization of carbon-containing materials, in particular for the emission-free generation of energy.

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Thermal-chemical utilization of carbon-containing materials, in particular for the emission-free generation of energy.

Method and apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces

Method and apparatus for low-temperature biomass pyrolysis and high-temperature biomass gasification

VERFAHREN ZUM AUFARBEITEN VON MÜLL SOWIE VORRICHTUNG ZUR DURCHFÜHRUNG DIESES VERFAHRENS

PROCESS AND DEVICE TO THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE BY GASIFICATION OF THE MATERIALS USED

PROCEDURE FOR THE DISPOSAL OF DUST AND/OR PARTIKELFÖRMIGEN WASTE GOODS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MAKING GASEOUS FUELS OF MUELL

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE BRENNUND FUELS

Anlage zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen

Bei einer Anlage (1) zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen mit einem Pyrolysereaktor (2) und einem Gasmotor (6), wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (65) des Gasmotors (6) mit einem Eingang (71) einer Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) verbunden ist, und dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (75) der Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) mit wenigstens einem Heizgas-Eingang (23) des Pyrolysereaktors (2) verbunden ist.

PROCEDURE FOR THE UTILIZATION OF DISPOSAL GOODS OF ALL KINDS

PROCEDURE FOR THE THERMAL UTILIZATION OF WASTE MATERIALS

GASIFICATION PROCEDURE AND GASIFICATION DEVICE.

PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR RUECKGEWINNUNG OF USABLE GAS FROM MUELL BY PYROLYSIS.

DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF AN INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL AND YOUR MODE OF OPERATION.

PROCEDURE FOR THE REFUSE INCINERATION

PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR THERMAL PREPARING OF WASTES POLLUTED WITH ORGANIC COMPONENTS, IN PARTICULAR OF METAL SCRAP.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GASEOUS FUEL

PROCEDURE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF LIQUID MATERIALS AND MATERIAL MIXTURES ORGANIC TO PASTY ONES

PROCEDURE FOR THE GASIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIALS AND MATERIAL MIXTURES

MULTISTAGE PRODUCTION OF COKE AND HIGH CALORIFIC GAS FROM COAL

INTRODUCING FLUID FEEDS TO PRESSURIZED REACTORS

High-temperature gasification process using biomass to produce synthetic gas and system therefor

A high-temperature gasification process using biomass to produce synthetic gas involves gasifying a powdered charcoal through transporting the powdered charcoal to a gasification furnace. An externally supplied combustible gas is directly combusted and reacted with the oxygen in a carbonization furnace, and the heat discharged from the reaction is directly supplied for a thermolysis of biomass. The thermolysis gas and the charcoal are produced from the carbonization furnace. Temperature of the carbonization furnace is controlled within 400 to 600℃. Flame temperature at a burner of the carbonization furnace is controlled within 1800 to 1200℃. A system for the process is also disclosed.

Steam pyrolysis as a process to enhance the hydro-gasification of carbonaceous materials

System and method for downdraft gasification

A downdraft gasifier for producing a gaseous fuel to be used in an engine from a carbonaceous material with a pyrolysis module, a reactor module, and a heat exchanger system that cooperate to produce the gaseous fuel from the carbonaceous material and to extract particulates from the gaseous fuel from the reactor. The heat exchange system includes a first heat exchanger coupled to the dryer module that heats the carbonaceous material with the gaseous fuel output of the reactor module to dry the carbonaceous material; a second heat exchanger coupled to the pyrolysis module that heats the dried carbonaceous material with the exhaust from the engine to pyrolyze the dried carbonaceous material into tar gas and charcoal; and a third heat exchanger coupled to the reactor module that heats air used to combust the tar gas with the gaseous fuel output of the reactor module to preheat the air.

Process for gasification of low rank carbonaceous material

System and method for producing syngas from carbon based material

The present invention relates to a system and method for producing "Syngas" (1) from carbon based material comprising means for feeding (10) the material into the system (1), means for combustion of the material, adapted to produce Syngas, means for use (20) of the Syngas and means for extraction of the combustion residues, wherein the means for combustion of the material comprise: a sealed combustion chamber, with temperatures between 300 and 600 °C, capable of decomposing the organic molecules of the carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash; a device for injection of gas (330) into the combustion chamber; a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into the combustion chamber, capable of guaranteeing a correct sub - stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of the organic molecules.

High temperature gasifying process with biomass and system thereof

High temperature gasifying process with biomass includes feeding, carbonization, powder making of charcoal, transportation of powdery charcoal and gasifying in gasifier, wherein the high temperature charcoal discharged from the carbonization furnace is condensed to 60-200℃ through condenser, then is reduced to normal pressure by feeding apparatus for reducing pressure. The charcoal is turned into powder through powder making machine, and then the powdery charcoal is sent to feeding apparatus for increasing pressure, the powdery charcoal with increased pressure is ejected to gasifier by ejector. In the process, the pyrolysis gas produced from carbonization furnace is used as carrier gas, and the ratio of solid to gas in the transportation pipe for powdery charcoal is controlled to 0.03-0.45m ...

PRODUCTION OF COMBUSTIBLE GAS

SYNTHESIS GAS

Method for producing renewable combustible substances and fuels

Multi-faceted gasifier and related methods

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMBUSTIBLE GAS

A PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING SOLID FUEL MATERIALS

Solid fuels, such as contaminated biomass and solid city waste, are converted into a synthesized gas by gasification and exploitation of the energy contained in the fuels. The fuel is gasified in a co-current gasogen (1), while the cinders are separated, removed and purified after a fraction of the fuels has undergone combustion and before the fuel has been gasified. Cinder purification is made by complete combustion, while the fuel that has undergone the gasification step without being completely transformed in CO is recirculated by mixing it to fresh fuel material. The process is carried out in an apparatus comprising a vertical co-current gasogen (1) and a device for the separation and removal of cinders (16, 19, 5, 6) as well as a scorification chamber (3) where cinders are purified from accompanying fuel material by complete combustion and are then collected in a waste tank (28).

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR WASTE TREATMENT BY PYROLYSIS AND RELATED PLANT

Process for solid waste treatment, and particularly municipal solid waste, with recovery of the thermal energy, which is based on the general pyrolysis process modified in order to improve, on the one hand, the energy yield and, on the other, to reduce the quantity of unusable solid residues to be sent to the waste disposal, the unusable solid waste being limited to 10-15% of the total weight of the initial residue. The process and relative plant include a boosted treatment of the incoming waste, with a preliminary separation into three solid fractions, the first one of which is separately subjected to a preliminary drying step and the third one undergoes further shredding. The process and relative plant also include a section for recovering energy from the pyrolysis coke, wherein the latter is subjected to a thermochemical treatment with the production of a further quantity of synthesis gas.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATED, MODULAR, BIOMASS POWER GENERATION

... ²²²Method and apparatus for generating a low tar, renewable fuel gas from biomass ²and using it in other energy conversion devices, many of which were designed ²for use with gaseous and liquid fossil fuels. An automated, downdraft gasifier ²incorporates extensive air injection into the char bed to maintain the ²conditions that promote the destruction of residual tars. The resulting fuel ²gas and entrained char and ash are cooled in a special heat exchanger, and ²then continuously cleaned in a filter prior to usage in standalone as well as ²networked power systems.² ...

HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASIFICATION PROCESS USING BIOMASS TO PRODUCE SYNTHETIC GAS AND SYSTEM THEREFOR

A high-temperature gasification process using biomass to produce synthetic gas involves gasifying a powdered charcoal through transporting the powdered charcoal to a gasification furnace. An externally supplied combustible gas is directly combusted and reacted with the oxygen in a carbonization furnace, and the heat discharged from the reaction is directly supplied for a thermolysis of biomass. The thermolysis gas and the charcoal are produced from the carbonization furnace. Temperature of the carbonization furnace is controlled within 400 to 600?. Flame temperature at a burner of the carbonization furnace is controlled within 1800 to 1200?. A system for the process is also disclosed.

INTEGRATED METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FUEL COMPONENT FROM BIOMASS AND SYSTEM THEREFOR

Disclosed here are integrated methods and systems for producing fuel from biomass. The methods and systems pertain to gasifying a feed derived from biomass fermentate separation residue, such as corn-based distiller's grains, and producing a liquid transportation fuel component, such as aviation turbine fuel, from the gasified feed in a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor. At least a portion of the waste heat from the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor is supplied to a thermal process for liquefying, fermenting or distilling a biomass, or to a thermal process for separating or treating a biomass fermentate separation residue.

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS AND ALCOHOLS

The present invention features methods and apparatus for the pyrolysis or torrefaction of a carbon-containing feedstock before it is converted to syngas. In some embodiments, biomass is first pretreated by torrefaction and/or pyrolysis, followed by devolatilization and/or steam reforming to produce syngas. Various mixtures of such pretreated biomass, combined with fresh biomass, can be employed to produce syngas. The syngas can be converted to alcohols, such as ethanol, or to other products.

RECOVERY OF FUEL FROM OIL SHALE

Raw shale is supplied to a pyrolyzer where it is pyrolyzed by fuel gas and hot spent shale derived from a gasifier. Typically, the raw shale is Eastern U.S. shale and the pyrolyzer includes a fluidized bed. The pyrolyzed shale having given up its oil and volatile hydrocarbons, rises to the top of the fluidized bed of raw shale whence it is transferred to the gasifier. Oxygen and steam are supplied to the gasifier. This composite gas reacts with the carbon of the pyrolyzed shale in a fluidized bed to produce synthesis or fuel gas. The oxygen is supplied in such quantities as not to react completely with the carbon in the pyrolyzed shale. The steam reacts with the excess of carbon. Predominantly hydrogen and carbon monoxide are produced; in addition there is a smaller quantity of carbon dioxide and methane. This hot fuel gas is transferred to the pyrolyzer. In addition, hot spent shale is transferred to the pyrolyzer. The hot fuel gas fluidizes the raw shale in the pyrolyzer. The hot gas ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR USE WITH PRESSURIZED REACTORS

This invention is directed to a process burner for feeding a carbonaceous slurry, an oxygencontaining gas, fuel gas and, optionally, temperature moderators contemporaneously and selectively into a pressurized partial oxidation zone. The process burner features internal uniform dispersion of the carbonaceous slurry into the oxygen-containing gas and high atomization of the dispersed carbonaceous slurry. The process burner also features dispersion of the fuel gas into the oxygen-containing gas exteriorly of the process burner.

PROCESS AND AN APPARATUS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF COMBUSTIBLE POLLUTANTS OR WASTE MATERIALS INTO CLEAN ENERGY AND USEFUL PRODUCTS

The process and the apparatus are for the transformation of combustible pollutants or waste materials into clean energy and useful products. The process comprises the steps of submitting the material to be treated to the action of a thermic lance in an airless atmosphere so as to totally decompose it and extract combustible gases, non-combustible gases and inerts. Then the thermally decomposed products are cooled and the inert products with water are separated. Steam is thus generated, which is introduced with the cooled gases onto a heated carbonaceous mass in order to filter the gases and, in part, transform them to obtain hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other totally useful gaseous products. Finally, the gaseous products are cooled.

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE RECOVERY OF UTILIZABLE GAS FROM GARBAGE BY PYROLYSIS

A method for recovering utilizable gas from garbage by pyrolysis, wherein precomminuted garbage is processed into fluff material, granules, or pellets, and is then introduced into a degasifying drum in which low temperature carbonization gas is produced and is separated from the residual material. The gas is broken down in a gas converter into combustion gas which is cleaned in a subsequent gas washing installation with circulating wash water. Some of the circulating wash water in the gas washing installation is removed in order to limit the concentration of pollutants and is replaced with fresh water. The pyrolysis residue to be removed from the low temperature carbonization drum is discharged through a water bath. At least a part of the fluid removed from the circulating wash water in the gas washing installation is introduced into the water bath.

PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC TRANSPORTATION FUELS FROM CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS USING SELF-SUSTAINED HYDRO-GASIFICATION

A process and apparatus for producing a synthesis gas for use as a gaseous fuel or as feed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to produce a liquid fuel in a substantially self-sustaining process. A slurry of particles of carbonaceous material in water, and hydrogen from an internal source, are fed into a hydro- gasification reactor under conditions whereby methane rich producer gases are generated and fed into a steam pyrolytic reformer under conditions whereby synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide are generated. A portion of the hydrogen generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is fed through a hydrogen purification filter into the hydro-gasification reactor, the hydrogen therefrom constituting the hydrogen from an internal source. The remaining synthesis gas generated by the steam pyrolytic reformer is either used as fuel for a gaseous fueled engine to produce electricity and/or process heat or is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor under conditions whereby a liquid fuel is ...

FIXED BED GASIFIER

The invention relates to a fixed bed gasifier (1) functioning with a fixed bed that is penetrated by air and/or vapor in a countercurrent. In comparison to the resulting pyrolysis coke, the actual pyrolysis zone is so thin that the material dwell time in said pyrolysis zone is only a few minutes while the dwell time of the pyrolysis coke in the pyrolysis coke layer can last for several hours. The pyrolysis is carried out allothermically, whereby a highly energetic, low-dust and low-tar gas is obtained. Process control can be reliably automatised. The reaction and pyrolysis gases are escaped through the heating chamber (3), thereby eliminating the last tar components.

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

The present invention relates to a reactor (100) for the gasifying and/or melting of feed materials. The reactor comprises: a co-current section (110). comprising a plenum section (111), comprising a feed section with a sluice (112), wherein feed materials are introduced into the reactor (100) from above via the feed section, a buffer section (113), a pre-treatment section (114), which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section (113) to create a cross-sectional enlargement, and an intermediate section (115) adjoining the pre-treatment section, an upper oxidation section (116) adjoining a bottom of the intermediate section and comprising tuyeres (117), and an upper reduction section (118) adjoining a bottom of the upper oxidation section (116), a gas outlet section (120) comprising at least one gas outlet (121), and a countercurrent section (130) comprising a conical lower reduction section (138) adjoining the gas outlet section (120) and a conical lower oxidation section (136) adjoining the ...

METHOD FOR GASIFYING SOLID FUEL WITH UNIFIED GAS PURIFICATION AND GASIFIER USING SAID METHOD

A method in which the function of causing CO2 contained in a gas to be absorbed by a chemical to accelerate a gasification reaction is reconciled with the catalytic function of reforming a tar contained in the gas produced by the gasification reaction, and which enables a high gasification efficiency and the production of a clean product gas to be realized. A process of gasification is divided into three phases, i.e., a gasification oven (10) in which pyrolysis and gasification are conducted (pyrolysis/gasification phase; first step), a combustion oven (20) in which char is burnt to obtain a burnt active chemical (char combustion phase; second step), and a gas purification oven (30) in which the gas obtained by the gasification is purified (gasification/gas purification phase; third step). Due to the thermal transfer by a flowable heat carrier and a chemical or the harmony between the chemical reactions of the chemical in the phases, the temperature in the gasification oven (10) and that ...

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE UTILISATION OF TAR IN GASIFICATION OF GRANULAR FUEL UNDER PRESSURE, CIALLY OF BITUMINOUS COAL

TREATMENT PLANT FOR REFUSE DERIVED FUELS

Process for incinerating refuse derived fuels to obtain fuel gas therefrom by thermal cracking, comprising the following steps: subjecting the material to deaeration; advancing a bed of material within a vacuum environment insulated from the outside (thermal cracking chamber) and in which a temperature of between 400 ~C and 600 ~C is maintained by the countercurrent flow of hot gases which lap the material; feeding the material which has passed through the thermal cracking chamber to a reactor in order to be subjected to a temperature of between 1200 ~C and 1800 ~C; in proximity ot the entry end of said thermal cracking chamber, drawing off the gases generated by the thermal cracking together with the gases which have lapped the bed of material, in order to maintain the thermal cracking chamber under vacuum; feeding the drawn- off gases to the discharge conduit for the gases generated in the reactor; purifying and filtering the gases obtained in this manner for their use as fuel gases.

METHOD OF SYNTHETIC FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

The invention concern methods for converting carbonaceous feedstock slurry into synthetic fuel gas comprising: (a) introducing a carbonaceous feed stock slurry into a first reaction vessel via a continuous feed; (b) converting said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to a carbon char slurry comprising carbon char, and water by allowing said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to have a residency time of between 5 and 30 minutes in said first reaction vessel, said carbonaceous feed stock slurry being heated to a temperature of between about 260 to about 320 oC at a pressure such that water does not flash to steam.

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

Provided in the present invention is a method for preparing a hydrogen-rich gas by gasification of a solid organic substance and steam, comprising: in a pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the solid organic substance feedstock is heated for a pyrolysis reaction; and, a gaseous product generated by the pyrolysis reaction is subjected to a gasification reaction with steam in a moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus to produce the hydrogen-rich gas. Also provided in the present invention is a system for preparing the hydrogen-rich gas from the solid organic substance, comprising: solid heat carrier multistage dust remover, the pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus, and a riser combustion reactor. The method of the present invention is operated at room pressure, has a simplified process, and is applicable in gasification and co-gasification of highly volatile solid organic substances, including feedstock containing increased levels of water content, minerals ...

GASIFIER

The invention relates to a device for oxidizing a material, comprising a material inlet, a material outlet and an oxidation region extending in betwe en the two. The device comprises at least one nozzle unit (7, 8) for introdu cing gasification agents, said nozzle unit being arranged and/or configured in such a manner that the material is transported from the material inlet th rough the oxidation unit (2) to the material outlet by the gasification agen t. A multi-stage gasifier according to the invention, especially a full flow gasifier, preferably comprises individual components of a simple, low-maint enance and slag-free design and can optionally be upscaled. The synthesis ga s thus produced can preferably be used for a subsequent gas utilization with out prior gas purification.

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS SYNTHESIS GAS GENERATION

Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synt hesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials . A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to st oichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials ga sifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative p yrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamical ly adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine pro cessing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhan ced water species, process utilization of flue gas (9), and adjustment of pr ocess flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reus e of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enha nced water species, recycled flue gas (9), and recycled contaminants. Synthe sis gas generation may involve predetermining a desired synthesis gas for ou tput ...

WASTE TREATMENT

The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of hazardous waste, the process comprising: (i) providing a hazardous waste; (ii) providing a further waste; (iii) plasma treating the hazardous waste in a first plasma treatment unit, (iv) gasifying the further waste in a gasification unit to produce an offgas and a char material; and (v) plasma treating the offgas, and optionally the char material, in a second plasma treatment unit to produce a syngas, (vi) optionally treating the syngas in a gas cleaning plant, wherein the first plasma treatment unit is arranged to plasma treat at least some of the solid by-products from the gasification unit and/or the second plasma treatment unit and/or the gas cleaning plant.

HIGH TEMPERATURE GASIFYING PROCESS WITH BIOMASS AND SYSTEM THEREOF

High temperature gasifying process with biomass includes feeding, carbonization, powder making of charcoal, transportation of powdery charcoal and gasifying in gasifier, wherein the high temperature charcoal discharged from the carbonization furnace is condensed to 60-200? through condenser, then is reduced to normal pressure by feeding apparatus for reducing pressure. The charcoal is turned into powder through powder making machine, and then the powdery charcoal is sent to feeding apparatus for increasing pressure, the powdery charcoal with increased pressure is ejected to gasifier by ejector. In the process, the pyrolysis gas produced from carbonization furnace is used as carrier gas, and the ratio of solid to gas in the transportation pipe for powdery charcoal is controlled to 0.03-0.45m3/m3 by adjusting the amount of pyrolysis gas for transportation. Carbonization goes on through direct combustion of additionally provided combustible gas and oxygen in carbonization furnace, the temperature ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR BIOMASS PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION VIA TWO INTERCONNECTED FURNACES

A method and an apparatus for biomass pyrolysis gasification via two interconnected furnaces. The method uses a high heat-capacity solid particle as an energy carrier and saturated water as an oxidizer. First, the biomass is subjected to a low-temperature pyrolysis at a temperature between 500 and 800°C to obtain an alkali metal oxide-free crude synthetic gas and coke. Next, the crude synthetic gas and the coke are subjected to a high-temperature gasification at a temperature between 1200 and 1600°C to obtain a tar-free synthetic gas. Finally, the synthetic gas generated is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal, and dehydration processes. The device comprises: a gasification furnace (4) and a pyrolysis furnace (6) arranged one on top of the other, the inner cavities thereof being interconnected, a particle heater (10), a plasma torch heater (11), an exhaust fan (12), and a first heat exchanger (13) cyclically arranged, a water storage container (16) for making the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATED, MODULAR, BIOMASS POWER CORPORATION

... ²²²²Method and apparatus for generating a low tar, renewable fuel gas from biomass ²and using it ²in other energy conversion devices, many of which were designed for use with ²gaseous and ²liquid fossil fuels. An automated, downdraft gasifier incorporates extensive ²air injection into ²the char bed to maintain the conditions that promote the destruction of ²residual tars. The ²resulting fuel gas and entrained char and ash are cooled in a special heat ²exchanger, and then ²continuously cleaned in a filter prior to usage in standalone as well as ²networked power ²systems.² ...

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BIOMASS BY CARBONIZATION

A process and system for producing synthesis gas from biomass by carbonization are provided. The system comprises a pre-treatment part for biomass raw material, a carbonization furnace (4), a gasification furnace (20) and a pipeline connection and gas delivery system thereof. The top of the carbonization furnace (4) is connected with a cyclone separator (5), and the output end of the cyclone separator (5) is connected with a combustion bed (7) and a charcoal hopper (12) respectively. The output end of the combustion bed (7) is connected to a heat exchanger (9) for heating cycling pyrolysis gas. An outlet of the heated pyrolysis gas is connected with the carbonization furnace (4), and an outlet of the heat-exchanged waste heat flue gas is connected with a drying system (2). The pipeline from a charcoal outlet of the carbonization furnace (4) to the charcoal hopper (12) is provided with a water-cooling screw conveyer (11) which cools the charcoal from the outlet of the carbonization furnace ...

PROCESS FOR ELIMINATING ORGANIC POLLUTANT RESIDUES IN SYNTHESIS GAS OBTAINED DURING REFUSE GASIFICATION

A process for eliminating organic pollutant residues in the synthesis gas occurring during refuse gasification by the addition of oxygen is described, in which at least prepyrolyzed, carbon-cont-aining refuse in compressed form is fed into a high temperature reactor, where a loosely heaped up gasification bed is formed and is burnt below the same by O2 addition. The resulting synthesis gas is drawn off from the top area of the high temperature reactor after an adequate residence time and into the residence zone additional oxygen is jetted in temperature-regulated, partial quantities in such a way that the resulting possible partial combustion of the synthesis gas maintains its temperature above the gasification bed constant at approximately 1000.degree.C. Oxygen jetting takes place in such a way that a completely homogeneous gas mixing is ensured in the top area. For this purpose several oxygen jets are arranged in the top area of the high temperature reactor and are axially and/or radially ...

METHOD FOR THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASIFICATION OF HETEROGENEOUS WASTE

A process for the high-temperature gasification of possibly thermally pretreated heterogeneous wastes, in which oxygen is injected into the gasification bed with the aid of water-cooled oxygen lances. The oxygen is heated by an independent pilot flame and accelerated to speeds approaching the speed of sound. Accordingly, the oxygen lances cannot be plugged by melted charge components not susceptible to gasification because the pilot flame is driven independently of the oxygen-lance flow. A pulsing, phase-shifted impact from several oxygen lances arranged in a ring produces a circulating flow of material in the gasification zone, compensating the heterogeneity of the charge in the case of a waste gasification.

Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Betriebes von Gaserzeugern.

Holzgasgenerator.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von zur Hauptsache teerfreiem kohlenoxydhaltigem Gas.

Verfahren zur Beseitigung von Abfällen

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG UND WIEDERGEWINNUNG VON CHEMIKALIEN UND BRENNSTOFFEN AUS ORGANISCHE FESTSTOFFE ENTHALTENDEN ABFAELLEN, INSBESONDERE MUELL.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING GASEOUS FUEL.

PROCEDURE FOR TEMPORARY STORAGE FACILITIES, TRANSPORTING AND/OR ENERGETIC ONE AS WELL AS MATERIAL ONE USING DISPOSAL PROPERTY OF ALL ART.

Gasogeno to equicorrente.

Procedure and device for the thermal treatment of waste goods and use of the thermal energy of the exhaust gas won thereby.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfallgütern aller Art, bei dem die Abfälle einer Hochtemperaturbehandlung mit Sauerstoff bei Temperaturen von über 1000°C unterzogen werden, wobei die organischen Müllbestandteile vergast werden. Das dabei entstehende Synthesegas wird dem Hochtemperaturreaktor (1) ungekühlt und ungereinigt entnommen und im Anschluss daran oxidiert. Die dabei entstehende thermische Energie des Abgases wird energetisch genutzt. Ebenso betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine entsprechende Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfällen aller Art.

Mechanism for garbage processing.

Procedure for the treatment of materials solid fuels and device in order to realize the procedure.

Procedure and device for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide from gasification of raw materials.

Mechanism for refuse disposal on thermal way.

Mechanism to the Muellverarbeitung.

Mechanism for thermal refuse disposal.

Mechanism to the Mullverarbeitung.

Mechanism and procedure for the thermal disposal of waste.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM CARBON BASED MATERIAL

The present invention relates to a system and method for producing “Syngas” () from carbon based material comprising means for feeding () the material into the system (), means for combustion of the material, adapted to produce Syngas, means for use () of the Syngas and means for extraction of the combustion residues, wherein the means for combustion of the material comprise: a sealed combustion chamber, with temperatures between 300 and 600° C., capable of decomposing the organic molecules of the carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash; a device for injection of gas () into the combustion chamber; a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into the combustion chamber, capable of guaranteeing a correct sub-stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of the organic molecules. 1. A system for producing “Syngas” from carbon based material comprising means for feeding said material into said system , means for combustion of said material , adapted to produce Syngas , means for use of said Syngas and means for extraction of the residues of said combustion , wherein said means for combustion of said material comprise:a sealed combustion chamber, with temperature between 300 and 600° C., capable of decomposing the organic molecules of said carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash;a device for injection of gas into said combustion chamber;a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into said combustion chamber, capable of guaranteeing a correct sub-stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of said organic molecules.2. The system for producing “Syngas” according to claim 1 , wherein said device for injection of gas is capable of transforming the chlorine present in said combustion chamber into hydrochloric acid by introducing hydrogen into said combustion chamber.3. The system for producing “Syngas” claim 1 , according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises a control device adapted to monitor ...

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and a gasification system

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

Method for producing renewable hydrogen from biomass derivatives using steam reforming technology

A process of decomposing a biomass derivative to produce a gaseous product and then introducing the gaseous product into a steam reformer.

PROCESS FOR CO-GASIFICATION OF TWO OR MORE CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS AND APPARATUS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, said process comprising combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, to produce a heated effluent; carrying the heated effluent to second reactor where the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, comprising a first reactor (), having a first feedstock inlet port (), a oxygen or air inlet port (), a steam inlet port (), a ash removal port (), and a solid recycle port (); a first cyclone separator () connected to the first reactor () through a first cyclone separator inlet port (); a second reactor (), having a second feedstock inlet port (), and a ash removal port (), the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator () through a gaseous inlet port (); and a second cyclone separator (), having a fine particles removal port (), and an effluent port (), wherein the second cyclone separator is connected to the second reactor through a second cyclone separator inlet port (). 1. A process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock , said process comprising:combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, in presence of steam, with an amount of oxygen to produce a heated effluent;carrying the heated effluent forward so that the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas.2. A process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock claim 1 , as claimed in claim 1 , said process comprising:combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high ...

All-Steam Gasification with Carbon Capture

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for all-steam gasification with carbon capture includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, volatiles, hydrogen, and volatiles at outlets. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying fluid, and steam. The gasification chamber produces syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets. A combustion chamber receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant and burns the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. The system of the present teaching produces nitrogen free high hydrogen syngas for applications such as IGCC with CCS, CTL, and Polygeneration plants. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, volatiles, and hydrogen at outlets; and i) a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char from the micronized char preparation system, and that receives a conveying fluid and steam, the gasification chamber producing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and', 'ii) a combustion chamber that receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant, the combustion chamber burning the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen, the heat for gasification being transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand., 'b) an ...

THERMAL AND CHEMICAL UTILIZATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR EMISSION-FREE GENERATION OF ENERGY

A process for the generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products utilizing carbonaceous materials. In a first process stage (P) the carbonaceous materials are supplied and are pyrolysed, wherein pyrolysis coke (M) and pyrolysis gas (M) are formed. In a second process stage (P), the pyrolysis coke (M) from the first process stage (P) is gasified, wherein synthesis gas (M) is formed, and slag and other residues (M M M M) are removed. In a third process stage (P), the synthesis gas (M) from the second process stage (P) is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid, and/or gaseous products (M), which are discharged. The three process stages (P P P) form a closed cycle. Surplus gas (M) from the third process stage (P) is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage (P), and/or the second process stage (P), and pyrolysis gas (M) from the first process stage (P) is passed into the second process stage (P), and/or the third process stage (P). 1. A process for the emission-free generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products by utilization of carbonaceous materials , in which in a first process stage the carbonaceous materials are supplied and pyrolysed , wherein pyrolysis coke and pyrolysis gas are formed; in a second process stage , the pyrolysis coke from the first process stage is gasified , wherein synthesis gas is formed , and slag and other residues are removed; and in a third process stage , the synthesis gas from the second process stage is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid , liquid and/or gaseous products , which are discharged; wherein the three process stages form a closed cycle , surplus gas from the third process stage is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage and/or the second process stage , and the pyrolysis gas of the first process stage is passed into the second process stage and/or the third process stage.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein hydrogen is supplied in at least one ...

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

A reactor enables gasification or melting of waste and additional feed materials. The reactor includes a co-current section with a plenum section and a feed section with a sluice. Feed materials are introduced into the reactor. The reactor further includes a buffer section and a pre-treatment section, which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section to create a cross-sectional enlargement. An intermediate section adjoins the pre-treatment section. An upper oxidation section adjoins a bottom of the intermediate section and includes tuyeres in at least one level. An upper reduction section adjoins a bottom of the upper oxidation section. The reactor further includes a gas outlet section. The reactor further includes a countercurrent section having a conical lower reduction section and a conical lower oxidation section adjoining the conical lower reduction section having at least one tuyere and at least one tapping. 1100. Reactor () for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials , the reactor comprising{'b': '110', 'claim-text': [{'b': '111', 'claim-text': [{'b': 112', '100, 'a feed section with a sluice () through which the feed materials are introduced into the reactor () from above,'}, {'b': 113', '112, 'a buffer section () located below the feed section (),'}, {'b': 114', '113', '140, 'a pre-treatment section () that is located below the bottom of the buffer section () and which has a cross-sectional enlargement in the upper area and a narrowing cross-section in the bottom area so that a discharge cone () of the feed material can form,'}, {'b': 119', '114', '114, 'at least one gas supply means () which open in the pre-treatment section () in the region of the cross-sectional enlargement of the pre-treatment section () and through which hot gases can be fed to the discharge cone, and'}, {'b': 115', '114, 'an intermediate section () that is located below the bottom of the pre-treatment section (),'}], 'a plenum section () comprising'}, {'b': 116', '115', '116', '117', ' ...

INTEGRATED PYROLYSIS AND ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFICATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LOW RANK FUELS

In one aspect, a gasification system for use with low rank fuel is provided The system includes a pyrolysis unit positioned to receive a feed of low rank fuel, the pyrolysis unit being configured to pyrolyze the low rank fuel to produce pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon. The system also includes a gasifier configured to produce a syngas stream using the received fixed carbon, a cooler configured to receive and cool the syngas stream, and a first conduit coupled between the cooler and the pyrolysis unit. The first conduit is configured to recycle at least a portion of the syngas stream to the pyrolysis unit such that the recycled syngas stream is mixed with the pyrolysis gas to produce a hydrocarbon-rich syngas stream containing gasification by-products. The system also includes a by-product recovery system coupled to the pyrolysis unit for removing the gasification by-products from the hydrocarbon- rich syngas stream.

THREE-STAGE ENERGY-INTEGRATED PRODUCT GAS GENERATION SYSTEM

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage. 11001102. A three-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system () configured to produce a product gas from a carbonaceous material () , the system comprising:{'b': 100', '101, 'claim-text': [{'b': 104', '101, 'a first reactor carbonaceous material input () to the first interior ();'}, {'b': 108', '101, 'a first reactor reactant input () to the first interior (), and'}, {'b': '124', 'a first reactor product gas output ();'}], '(a) a first reactor () having a first interior () and comprising{'b': 200', '201, 'claim-text': [{'b': 204', '201', '124, 'a second reactor char input () to the second interior (), in fluid communication with the first reactor product gas output ();'}, {'b': 220', '201, 'a second reactor oxygen-containing gas input () to the second interior ();'}, {'b': '224', 'a second reactor product gas output (); and'}, {'b': 201', '212', '216', '216', '108, 'a second reactor heat exchanger (HX-B) in thermal contact with the second interior (), the second reactor heat exchanger comprising a second reactor heat transfer medium inlet () and a second reactor heat transfer medium outlet (), the second reactor heat transfer medium outlet () being in fluid communication with the first reactor reactant input (); and'}], '(b) a second reactor () having a second interior () and comprising{'b': 300', '301, 'claim-text': [{'b': 303', '304', '305', '301', '124', '224, 'one or more ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DOWNDRAFT GASIFICATION

A downdraft gasifier for producing a gaseous fuel to be used in an engine from a carbonaceous material with a pyrolysis module, a reactor module, and a heat exchanger system that cooperate to produce the gaseous fuel from the carbonaceous material and to extract particulates from the gaseous fuel from the reactor. The heat exchange system includes a first heat exchanger coupled to the dryer module that heats the carbonaceous material with the gaseous fuel output of the reactor module to dry the carbonaceous material; a second heat exchanger coupled to the pyrolysis module that heats the dried carbonaceous material with the exhaust from the engine to pyrolyze the dried carbonaceous material into tar gas and charcoal; and a third heat exchanger coupled to the reactor module that heats air used to combust the tar gas with the gaseous fuel output of the reactor module to preheat the air. 1. A downdraft gasifier system for producing a gaseous fuel from a carbonaceous material , the downdraft gasifier system comprising:a dryer module;a pyrolysis module;a reactor module defining a combustion zone and a reduction zone, the reactor module comprising an air path fluidly connecting an oxygen source to the combustion zone of a reactor module interior, and a gaseous fuel outlet fluidly connected to the reduction zone;an engine comprising an engine inlet and an exhaust outlet; and a first heat exchanger thermally coupled to and fluidly separated from the dryer module, the first heat exchanger fluidly coupled between the gaseous fuel outlet and the engine inlet;', 'a second heat exchanger thermally coupled to and fluidly isolated from the pyrolysis module, fluidly coupled to the engine exhaust; and', 'a third heat exchanger thermally coupled to and fluidly separated from the air path, the third heat exchanger fluidly coupled between the gaseous fuel outlet and the first heat exchanger., 'a heat exchanger system comprising2. The downdraft gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHARCOAL

A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of: a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material, b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically, c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted to the material of the full stream and to the shape of the flow cross-section of the reduction unit in such a way that a stable fixed bed kept in suspension is formed in the reduction unit, d) removing the raw charcoal from the reduction unit via an overflow, e) separating gaseous components in a hot gas filter and collecting the charcoal, and f) quenching the collected charcoal with water. 1. A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of:a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material,b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically,c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted ...

PROCESS TO PREPARE A CHAR PRODUCT

The invention is directed to a process to prepare a char product by pyrolysis or mild gasification of a solid biomass feed thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles having a reduced atomic hydrogen over carbon ratio and a reduced oxygen over carbon ratio relative to the solid biomass feed. The solid biomass feed are pellets of a solid torrefied biomass feed. The pyrolysis or mild gasification is performed at a temperature of between 500 and 800° C. and at a solid residence time of between 10 and 60 minutes. 116.-. (canceled)17. A process to prepare a char product the method comprising mild gasification of a solid biomass feed ,thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles having a reduced atomic hydrogen over carbon ratio and a reduced oxygen over carbon ratio relative to the solid biomass feed;wherein the solid biomass feed are pellets of a solid torrefied biomass feed having a content of volatiles of between 50 and 75 wt %; andwherein the mild gasification is performed at a temperature of between 500 and 800° C. and at a solid residence time of between 10 and 60 minutes and in the presence of oxygen and steam.18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the mild gasification is performed in an elongated reactor wherein the biomass is continuously transported from a solids inlet at one end of an elongated reactor to a solids outlet at the other end of the elongated reactor.19. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the solid biomass feed is subjected to a mild gasification by contacting the solid biomass feed with an oxygen comprising gas and wherein the amount of oxygen is between 0.1 and 0.3 mass oxygen per mass biomass.20. The process according to claim 19 , wherein the oxygen comprising gas is air.21. The ...

Reactor and Process for Gasifying and/or Melting of Feed Materials

This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO 2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

Process For Converting Carbonaceous Material Into Low Tar Synthesis Gas

A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out under pressure claim 1 , preferably greater than full vacuum and less than 600 psig claim 1 , more preferably between atmospheric pressure and 100 psig.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the syngas composition has a H2:CO ratio from about 0.5 to about 1.5 claim 1 , preferably about 0.8 to about 1.0.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous fuel material comprises biomass fuel selected from wood chips claim 1 , railway tie chips claim 1 , waste wood claim 1 , forestry waste claim 1 , sewage sludge claim 1 , pet coke claim 1 , coal claim 1 , Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) claim 1 , Refuse-derived Fuel (RDF) claim 1 , or any combination.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the biomass fuel is formed by a chipping claim 4 , shredding claim 4 , extrusion claim 4 , mechanical processing claim 4 , compacting claim 4 , pelletizing claim 4 , granulating claim 4 , or crushing process.6. The process of claim 4 , where the biofuel has been sprayed with claim 4 , coated with or impregnated with liquid or solid carbonaceous materials.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the PDX stage temperature is greater than 1250° C. claim 1 , or greater than the ash fusion temperature to create liquid slag.8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising processing and cooling the tar free syngas to be used for ...

Thermal and chemical utilization of carbonaceous materials, in particular for emission-free generation of energy

A process for the generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products utilizing carbonaceous materials. In a first process stage (P 1 ) the carbonaceous materials are supplied and are pyrolysed, wherein pyrolysis coke (M 21 ) and pyrolysis gas (M 22 ) are formed. In a second process stage (P 2 ), the pyrolysis coke (M 21 ) from the first process stage (P 1 ) is gasified, wherein synthesis gas (M 24 ) is formed, and slag and other residues (M 91 , M 92 , M 93 , M 94 ) are removed. In a third process stage (P 3 ), the synthesis gas (M 24 ) from the second process stage (P 2 ) is converted into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid, and/or gaseous products (M 60 ), which are discharged. The three process stages (P 1 , P 2 , P 3 ) form a closed cycle. Surplus gas (M 25 ) from the third process stage (P 3 ) is passed as recycle gas into the first process stage (P 1 ), and/or the second process stage (P 2 ), and pyrolysis gas (M 22 ) from the first process stage (P 1 ) is passed into the second process stage (P 2 ), and/or the third process stage (P 3 ).

All-Steam Gasification with Carbon Capture

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for all-steam gasification with carbon capture includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, volatiles, hydrogen, and volatiles at outlets. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying fluid, and steam. The gasification chamber produces syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets. A combustion chamber receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant and burns the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. The system of the present teaching produces nitrogen free high hydrogen syngas for applications such as IGCC with CCS, CTL, and Polygeneration plants. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, volatiles, and hydrogen at outlets; and i. a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char from the micronized char preparation system, and that receives a conveying fluid and steam, the gasification chamber producing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and', 'ii. a combustion chamber that receives a mixture of hydrogen and oxidant, the combustion chamber burning the mixture of hydrogen and oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and nitrogen, the heat for gasification being transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand., 'b) an ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM CARBON BASED MATERIAL

“Syngas” is produced from carbon based material in a system comprising means for feeding material into the system, means for combustion thereof, means for use of Syngas and means for extraction of combustion residues, combustion means comprise: a sealed combustion chamber, with temperatures of 300-600° C.; device for injection of gas into the combustion chamber; device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into the combustion chamber, where the method comprises: introducing the material into a combustion chamber at a constant temperature of 300-600° C.; residence of the material therein for 5-13 hours; the residence time allowing a combustion to decompose organic molecules of the material producing Syngas, continuously drawn off, and carbonous residues; residence of the carbonous residues at the temperature for 7-13 hours with excess air; the excess air for completely incinerating the carbonous residue; and use of the Syngas and extraction of the ash produced by the above. 1. A method for producing “Syngas” from carbon based material in a system comprising means for feeding said material into said system , means for combustion of said material , adapted to produce Syngas , means for use of said Syngas and means for extraction of residues of said combustion , wherein said means for combustion of said material comprise:a sealed combustion chamber for decomposing the organic molecules of said carbon based material into a mixture of gases and into ash;a device for injection of gas into said combustion chamber;a device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced or to be introduced into said combustion chamber, for guaranteeing a correct sub-stoichiometric ratio for decomposition of said organic molecules,wherein said method comprises the following steps:a) introducing said material into the combustion chamber at a constant temperature between 300 and 600° C.;b) maintaining said material in said combustion chamber for a residence time of ...

Process and plant for biomass treatment

Described is a plant and process for biomass treatment, where the plant is configured to actuate said process which comprises: —a step A of thermochemical treatment of transformation of a biomass into a carbonaceous solid, where this transformation involves treating the biomass at a treatment temperature of between 150° C. and 300° C. and at a treatment pressure of between 10 atm and 50 atm for 0.5-8 hours, in the presence of water, with accessory production of a treatment gas; —a step B of mixing the treatment gas with an auxiliary gas, to obtain operating gas; —a step C of thermochemical decomposition of the carbonaceous solid in an atmosphere consisting of the operating gas, where the thermochemical decomposition is suitable to obtain a combustible synthesis gas. step

BIOMASS PROCESSING DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Biomass processing devices, systems and methods used to convert biomass to, for example, liquid hydrocarbons, renewable chemicals, and/or composites are described. The biomass processing system can include a pyrolysis device, a hydroprocessor and a gasifier. Biomass, such as wood chips, is fed into the pyrolysis device to produce char and pyrolysis vapors. Pyrolysis vapors are processed in the hydroprocessor, such as a deoxygenation device, to produce hydrocarbons, light gas, and water. Water and char produced by the system can be used in the gasifier to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which may be recycled back to the pyrolysis device and/or hydroprocessor. 1. A pyrolysis device comprising:a housing having an inlet and an outlet; and an upstream end adjacent the inlet of the housing;', 'a downstream end adjacent the outlet of the housing;', 'a core extending between the upstream end and the downstream end; and', 'a helical blade wound around the core between the upstream end and the downstream end;, 'an auger positioned within the housing, the auger having the inlet of the housing is configured to receive biomass; and', 'the pyrolysis device is configured to convert the biomass to a pyrolysis vapor and to', 'produce a pressure seal formed by material in transition between biomass and pyrolysis vapor, the pressure being seal positioned between the inlet of the housing and the outlet of the housing., 'wherein2. The pyrolysis device of claim 1 , wherein the core of the auger is tapered from a first diameter at the upstream end to a second diameter at the downstream end claim 1 , the first diameter being smaller than the second diameter.3. The pyrolysis device of claim 2 , wherein:the helical blade has a blade height measured from an outer surface of the core in a direction perpendicular to a rotational axis of the core to a terminal end of the helical blade; andthe height of the helical blade varies from the upstream end to the downstream end of the auger.4. The ...

All-Steam Gasification with Solid Fuel Preparation System

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam that produces micronized char, steam, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a pressure vessel reactor comprising a dense bed of solids. A draft tube can be inside or outside the pressure vessel. A combustor provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube. A distributor plate receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system. The indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a transport reactor with a pulverizer function that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam to provide heat for devolatilization, the micronized char preparation system producing micronized char, steam, and volatiles at an output; and i) a draft tube in the pressure vessel;', 'ii) a dense bed of solids that surrounds the draft tube;', 'iii) a combustor positioned below the draft tube that provides heat for the gasification reaction by combustion of hydrogen and air and that provides products of combustion that flow through the draft tube and exit at a vent positioned in the pressure vessel; and', 'iv) a distributor plate that receives the micronized char, steam, and devolatilized hydrocarbons from the output of the micronized char preparation system,, 'b) an indirect gasifier, comprising a pressure vessel reactor comprisingwherein the indirect gasifier mixes the micronized char with steam at a temperature that converts them to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon ...

EMISSION-FREE DEVICES AND METHOD FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK AND FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL ENERGY

The device for performing mechanical work and/or producing electrical or thermal energy, the energy necessary for operation is obtained from the oxidation of carbonaceous fuels into carbon dioxide and water. The device comprises means for compression and/or condensation of the exhaust gas, and storage means for receiving the compressed and/or condensed exhaust gas. 1. A fuelling installation for fuelling a mobile machine with gaseous or liquid fuels , wherein the mobile machine comprises a device for performing mechanical work and/or for producing electrical energy that obtains the energy necessary for operation from the oxidation of carbonaceous fuels into an exhaust gas consisting essentially of carbon dioxide and water , and comprises a device for compressing and/or condensing the exhaust gas and a storage means for receiving the compressed and/or condensed exhaust gas; comprising means for the removal of compressed gases , in particular carbon dioxide , from a storage means of the mobile machine.2. The fuelling installation according to claim 2 , comprising means for fuelling the mobile machine with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air.3. A supply system for the supply of one or more consumers with gaseous and/or liquid fuels claim 2 , comprising a first supply network for the transport of the fuels from one or more production installations and/or from one or more first storage means to the consumers claim 2 , and a second return network for transporting back exhaust gases claim 2 , in particular carbon dioxide claim 2 , from the consumers to one of more production installations and/or to one or more second storage means.4. A fuelling installation for fuelling a mobile machine with gaseous or liquid fuels claim 2 ,wherein the mobile machine comprises a device for performing mechanical work and/or for producing electrical energy that obtains the energy necessary for operation from the oxidation of carbonaceous fuels into an exhaust gas consisting essentially of carbon ...

Method and Device for Using Oxygen in the Steam Reforming of Biomass

A device is presented and described for the use of oxygen for the thermochemical gasification of biomass in at least one fluidised bed reactor, a heater being arranged in the fluidised bed of the fluidised bed reactor and the fluidised bed reactor being heatable by at least partial oxidation of a combustible gas with oxygen.

Process For Converting Carbonaceous Material Into Low Tar Synthetic Gas

A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone. 1. A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas in a gasifier comprising:i) a pyrolysis zone,ii) a partial oxidation zone located vertically downstream of the pyrolysis zone,iii) a reduction zone located vertically downstream of the partial oxidation zone and comprising an downwardly angled perforated floor and a deflector located in the center of the floor;said process comprising the steps of:a) feeding the carbonaceous fuel material through the upper portion of the pyrolysis zone vertically downward towards the lower portion of the pyrolysis zone, while pyrolyzing said fuel into pyrolysis vapours comprising tar, and pyrolysis residue comprising char containing ash and carbon;b) optionally adding a first oxidant to the lower portion of said pyrolysis zone to achieve a temperature greater than 200° C.;c) directing said pyrolysis vapours to said partial oxidation (POX) zone, and directing said pyrolysis residue downwardly to the reduction zone via a separation member positioned between said pyrolysis zone and said partial oxidation zone, the separation member comprising a plurality of slanted vents;d) adding a second oxidant in the partial oxidation zone to achieve a temperature greater than 900° C. to reform said pyrolysis vapours into raw syngas containing ...

Process and System for Production of Synthesis Gas

Methods and apparatus may permit the generation of consistent output synthesis gas from highly variable input feedstock solids carbonaceous materials. A stoichiometric objectivistic chemic environment may be established to stoichiometrically control carbon content in a solid carbonaceous materials gasifier system. Processing of carbonaceous materials may include dominative pyrolytic decomposition and multiple coil carbonaceous reformation. Dynamically adjustable process determinative parameters may be utilized to refine processing, including process utilization of negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, process utilization of flue gas, and adjustment of process flow rate characteristics. Recycling may be employed for internal reuse of process materials, including recycled negatively electrostatically enhanced water species, recycled flue gas, and recycled contaminants. Synthesis gas generation may involve predetermining a desired synthesis gas for output and creating high yields of such a predetermined desired synthesis gas. 189-. (canceled)90. A method for select synthesis gas generation from solid carbonaceous materials comprising the steps of:inputting a feedstock solids carbonaceous material;pneumatically propelling said feedstock solids carbonaceous material;subjecting said feedstock solids carbonaceous material to a pressurized environment;increasing a temperature within said pressurized environment to which said feedstock solids carbonaceous material is subjected;processing said feedstock solids carbonaceous material in a gasifier system;generating at least some components of a select product gas in response to said step of processing; andoutputting at least some select product gas from said gasifier system.91. A method for select synthesis gas generation from solid carbonaceous materials as described in wherein the step of processing said feedstock solids carbonaceous material in a gasifier system comprises the step of:pyrolytically decomposing ...

FLUIDIZED BED COKING WITH FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

A Flexicoking™ unit which retains the capability of converting heavy oil feeds to lower boiling liquid hydrocarbon products while making a fuel gas from rejected coke to provide only a minimal coke yield. The heater section of the conventional three section unit (reactor, heater, gasifier) is eliminated and all or a portion of the cold coke from the reactor is passed directly to the gasifier which is modified by the installation of separators to remove coke particles from the product gas which is taken out of the gasifier for ultization. In one embodiment, a portion of cold coke is transferred directly from the reactor to the gasifier, and another portion of cold coke is combined with hot, partly gasified coke particles transferred directly from the gasifier to the reactor. The hot coke from the gasifier is passed directly to the coking zone of the reactor to supply heat to support the endothermic cracking reactions and supply seed nuclei for the formation of coke in the reactor. Coke is withdrawn from the gasifier to remove excess coke and to purge the system of metals and ash. 1. A coking process for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock to lower boiling products in a fluid coking process unit comprised of a fluid coking reactor and a gasifier , comprising:(i) introducing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock into the coking zone of a fluid coking reactor containing a fluidized bed of solid particles maintained at coking temperatures to produce a vapor phase product including normally liquid hydrocarbons, while coke is deposited on the solid particles forming cold coke to be transferred;(ii) transferring the cold coke by passing a first portion of the cold coke directly to the gasifier,(iii) contacting the cold coke in the gasifier with steam and an oxygen-containing gas in an oxygen limited atmosphere at an elevated temperature of about 850 to 1000° C. and at a pressure of from about 0 to 1000 kPag to heat the cold coke into hot coke and form a fuel gas product ...

THREE-STAGE ENERGY-INTEGRATED PRODUCT GAS GENERATION METHOD

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage. 127-. (canceled)28. A method for producing a H2 , CO , and CO2 from a carbonaceous material using a first reactor , a second reactor , and a third reactor , the method comprising:(a) reacting carbonaceous material with a steam reactant in the first reactor and producing a first reactor product gas containing char;(b) introducing at least a portion of the char generated in step (a) into the second reactor;(c) reacting the char of step (b) with an oxygen-containing gas in the second reactor and producing a second reactor product gas;(d) transferring the first reactor product gas generated in step (a) and the second reactor product gas generated in step (c) to the third reactor, to form a combined product gas;(e) reacting the combined product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in the third reactor to generate a third reactor product gas and heat;(f) transferring heat generated in step (e) to a heat transfer medium contained within a third reactor heat exchanger in thermal contact with the interior of the third reactor;(g) transferring at least some of the heat transfer medium which has passed through the third reactor heat exchanger, to a second reactor heat exchanger in thermal contact with the interior of the second reactor;(h) introducing a first portion of the heat transfer medium which has passed through the second reactor heat exchanger, into the first reactor as the steam reactant of step ( ...

A GASIFIER

A gasifier may include a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material. The gasifier may also include an ash grate disposed in the gasification chamber. The gasifier may further include a rotary crusher disposed in the gasification chamber above the ash grate. The rotary crusher may include at least one crushing element. The rotary crusher may be configured to break apart, between the at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, the feedstock material responsive to rotation of the rotary crusher. 133-. (canceled)34. A gasifier comprising:a chamber wall defining a gasification chamber configured to allow gasification of feedstock material;an ash grate disposed in said gasification chamber; anda rotary crusher disposed in said gasification chamber above said ash grate, wherein said rotary crusher includes at least one crushing element, andwherein said rotary crusher is configured to break apart, between said at least one crushing element and an opposing surface, said feedstock material responsive to rotation of said rotary crusher.35. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said rotary crusher comprises a crusher base configured to support said at least one crushing element claim 34 , and wherein said crusher base is dome-shaped.36. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said ash grate is fixed in said gasification chamber.37. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said opposing surface is a surface of a portion of said chamber wall.38. The gasifier of claim 34 , wherein said chamber wall defines a cavity claim 34 , and further comprising:an element disposed at least partially within said cavity, andwherein said opposing surface is a surface of said element.39. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is replaceable.40. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is composed of a different material than said chamber wall.41. The gasifier of claim 38 , wherein said element is composed of firebrick.42. The ...

Method and Device for Converting Municipal Waste Into Energy

A method and device for converting municipal waste into energy. This method involves heating the waste in multiple sections of a chamber to produce syngas and biochar. The syngas is removed with a vacuum pump and the biochar advances to the next section and is heated to a higher temperature to release more syngas. All of the collected syngas is then transferred to a bio-reactor that removes dangerous carbon monoxide from the syngas mixture by combining the syngas with hydrogen, causing the carbon monoxide to react with the hydrogen and produce methane and water. The resulting syngas can then be used for electricity production or stored as dimethyl ether. 1) A device for converting solid waste into energy , comprising: an insulated interior;', 'one or more walls defining an interior volume;', 'an opening disposed on a lower end of one or more sidewalls; and', 'door configured to removably seal the opening;, 'a heating chamber comprising an interior volume, wherein the interior volume includes one or more heating sections, wherein each of one or more heating sections comprisea vacuum pump operably connected to the interior volume of each of the one or more heating sections;a bio-reactor operably connected to the vacuum pump;a hydrogen generator operably connected to the bio-reactor and configured to input hydrogen into the bio-reactor;an output port disposed on the bio-reactor.2) The device of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of heating sections are stacked vertically within the heating chamber in order to allow waste therein to be moved from one heating sections to another by gravity.3) The device of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a biochar storage tank in fluid communication with a bottom heating section claim 1 , the biochar storage tank containing cooling water.4) The device of further comprising a door opening mechanism operably connected to the door of a heating section claim 1 , such that the door automatically opens once the heating section ...

GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Processes and systems are provided for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a reaction gas and a syngas, involving a step of pyrolysing and methanating the feedstock in a pyrolysis chamber to produce the reaction gas and a step of gasifying unconverted feedstock in the presence of a reactant to produce a syngas. 1. A process for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a reaction gas , comprising the step of:i) pyrolysing and methanating the feedstock to produce a reaction gas in at least one pyrolysis chamber, wherein the at least one pyrolysis chamber operates at a temperature at or above 853° C.2. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one pyrolysis chamber operates at a temperature at or above 950° C. claim 1 ,3. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous feedstock comprises coal claim 1 ,4. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reaction gas comprises methane.5. A process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising the steps of claim 1 ,ii) removing the reaction gas from the at least one pyrolysis chamber,iii) gasifying the unconverted feedstock from the at least one pyrolysis chamber to produce a syngas in at least one gasification chamber, wherein the at least one gasification chamber comprises one or more reactant injection ports for injecting reactant to enable gasification and operates at a temperature between 700-1100° C.,iv) removing the syngas from the at least one gasification chamber.6. A process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the syngas comprises at least one of tar claim 5 , hydrogen and carbon monoxide claim 5 ,7. A process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the reactant comprises at least one of steam claim 5 , hydrogen claim 5 , oxygen and air.8. A process as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising a step of separating a hydrocarbon having a carbon number of at least two from the reaction gas and the syngas to form a product gas and a purified syngas respectively.9. A process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein ...

Waste processing apparatus and method of feeding waste

A waste processing apparatus may include a pyrolyser and a feed assembly. The feed assembly may include a feed duct including a waste inlet configured to receive waste. The feed duct may further include a waste outlet configured to discharge the waste from the feed duct to the pyrolyser. The feed assembly may also include a feed screw disposed within the feed duct configured to convey the waste from the waste inlet to the waste outlet. The feed assembly may further include a rotary drive configured to cause the feed screw to convey the waste from the waste inlet to the waste outlet. The feed assembly may also include a rotational resistance sensor configured to monitor a parameter related to resistance to rotation. The feed assembly may further include a rotary drive controller configured to reduce, based on the parameter, a rotary output speed of the rotary drive.

PROCESS FOR CO-GASIFICATION OF TWO OR MORE CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS AND APPARATUS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, said process comprising combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, to produce a heated effluent; carrying the heated effluent to second reactor where the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas.The present invention also relates to an apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, comprising a first reactor (), having a first feedstock inlet port (), a oxygen or air inlet port (), a steam inlet port (), a ash removal port (), and a solid recycle port (); a first cyclone separator () connected to the first reactor () through a first cyclone separator inlet port (); a second reactor (), having a second feedstock inlet port (), and a ash removal port (), the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator () through a gaseous inlet port (); and a second cyclone separator (), having a fine particles removal port (), and an effluent port (), wherein the second cyclone separator is connected to the second reactor through a second cyclone separator inlet port (). 1. An apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock , said apparatus comprising:{'b': 3', '1', '2', '9', '7', '6, 'a first reactor (), having a first feedstock inlet port (), a oxygen or air inlet port (), a steam inlet port (), an ash removal port (), and a solid recycle port ();'}{'b': 5', '3', '4, 'a first cyclone separator () connected to the first reactor () through a first cyclone separator inlet port ();'}{'b': 16', '10', '15', '5', '8, 'a second reactor (), having a second feedstock inlet port (), and an ash removal port (), wherein the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator () through a gaseous inlet port (); and'}{'b': 12', '13', '14', '11, 'a second ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics. For example, solid organic raw materials are heated in a pyrolysis reaction device to perform pyrolysis reaction, and gaseous product generated from the pyrolysis reaction performs gasification with steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich product. The present disclosure also provides a system for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics, and the system may include a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device; a pyrolysis reaction device; a moving bed gasification reaction device; and a riser and combustion reactor. The present disclosure may operate at atmospheric pressure, and the technology is simple and suitable for the gasification and co-gasification of various high-volatile solid organics, such as raw materials containing a relatively large amount of moisture, mineral substance, and sulfur content. 1. A method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas from solid organics , the method comprising:heating solid organic raw materials in a pyrolysis reaction device for pyrolytic formation of a gaseous product and steam; andperforming gasification of the gaseous product and steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich gas, in which the gaseous product is generated from pyrolysis;wherein the pyrolysis reaction device is in parallel with the moving bed gasification reaction device, wherein, by passing through a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device, the solid heat carrier is divided into two parts that are fed into the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, respectively, wherein, when leaving the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, the two parts of solid heat carrier are fed into a riser and combustion reactor to be heated and raised, and are then passed into the solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device to be further divided into two parts ...

METHOD OF GASIFYING CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND A GASIFICATION SYSTEM

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts. 1. A method of gasifying a carbonaceous material , the method comprising the steps of:pyrolysing the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char;separating the char and the volatiles;gasifying the char;reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas; andpassing partially reformed volatiles and/or product gas through a product gas cleaning zone;wherein at least the steps of pyrolysing the carbonaceous material, gasifying the char, and reforming the volatiles to produce a product gas are performed in a vessel that has a pyrolysis zone, a char gasification zone, and a reforming zone, and that is directly coupled with the product gas cleaning zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a catalyst bed.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises a moving bed of solid catalyst.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product gas cleaning zone comprises a plurality of catalyst beds arranged in series.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst bed comprises char claim 2 , a char-supported catalyst or ilmenite.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein claim 5 , when the catalyst bed comprises char or a char-supported catalyst claim 5 , the char or char-supported catalyst is prepared from the pyrolysis and/or partial gasification of the carbonaceous material.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the method further comprises discharging spent char or char-supported catalyst from the catalyst bed and gasifying the spent char or char-supported catalyst.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of pyrolysing the carbonaceous ...

Method and System for Performing Gasification of Carbonaceous Feedstock

The gasification of a carbonaceous material includes receiving a volume of feedstock, supplying thermal energy to the volume of feedstock to convert at least a portion of the volume of feedstock to at least one pyrolysis reaction product via at least one pyrolysis reaction, super-heating the at least one pyrolysis reaction product, providing a volume of super-heated steam, mixing the volume of super-heated steam with the super-heated at least one pyrolysis reaction product and converting at least a portion of at least one reformed product to at least one synthesis gas product via at least one water-gas-shift reaction.

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR GASIFICATION

Provided are apparatus and methods of gasification using a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a separate pyrolysis reaction chamber, one or more primary char gasification chambers, and one or more secondary char gasification chambers which comprise an internal vertical reaction volume suitable for containing a particle bed fluidized by a predominantly vertical upwards gas flow. The vertical reaction volume is advantageous in that this provides the possibility for increased retention time of particles, facilitating comparatively slow “productive” temperature moderation based on endothermic char conversion. 1. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor for thermal processing of added carbonaceous material , comprising:{'b': 1', '1', '2', '1', '1', '1', '1', '5, 'i': a', 'c', 'b', 'd, 'a first pyrolysis reaction chamber () comprising at least one inlet () for carbonaceous material (), at least one inlet () for fluidizing gas, and at least one outlet () for product gas situated in its upper part of the first reaction chamber () which product gas carries carbon containing char particles and recirculating inert particles, and an inlet () for product gas from a primary char gasification chamber (),'}{'b': 4', '4', '1', '4', '5', '14, 'i': a', 'b, 'one or more separators () each of which is in fluid communication with an outlet for product gas from the pyrolysis chamber and has an inlet () through which product gas carrying char and inert particles from the first pyrolysis reaction chamber () is received, and an outlet () through which a separated part of char and inert particles leave each separator and enter into a primary char gasification chamber () via one or more conduits (), and'}{'b': 5', '4', '5', '5', '6', '5', '5', '5', '7', '7', '9, 'i': a', 'b', 'd', 'c, 'one or more primary char gasification chambers () each of which is in fluid communication with at least one particle separator () and each of which comprises an inlet () for receiving recirculating ...

PROCESS AND PLANT FOR AT LEAST PARTIAL GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC FEED MATERIAL

A process for at least partial gasification of solid organic feed material, in which, from the feed material, in a low-temperature gasifier by low-temperature carbonization, a tar-containing low-temperature carbonization gas is obtained, and the low-temperature carbonization gas is then reacted in a high-temperature gasifier by partial oxidation and subsequent partial reduction to form a syngas, whereby, in a cooling appliance provided downstream of the high-temperature gasifier, the syngas is cooled in such a manner that alkalis present in the syngas remain in the gaseous phase, and coke particles present in the syngas already no longer possess stickiness, and that in a cyclone appliance provided downstream of the cooling appliance, a coarse fraction of coke particles is separated out from the syngas, wherein a fine fraction of the coke particles passes through the cyclone appliance together with the syngas.

PROCESS TO PREPARE A CHAR PRODUCT AND A SYNGAS MIXTURE

The invention is directed to a process to prepare a char product and a syngas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid torrefied biomass feed comprising the following steps: (i) subjecting the solid biomass feed to a pyrolysis reaction thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles; (ii) separating the char particles as the char product from the gaseous fraction; (iii) subjecting the gaseous fraction obtained in step (ii) to a continuously operated partial oxidation to obtain a syngas mixture further comprising water and having an elevated temperature and (iv) contacting the syngas mixture with a carbonaceous compound to chemically quench the syngas mixture. The temperature of the syngas is reduced in step (iv) from between 1000 and 1600° C. to a temperature of between 800 and 1200° C. 115.-. (canceled)16. A process to prepare a char product and a syngas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid biomass feed comprising the following steps:(i) subjecting the solid biomass feed to a pyrolysis reaction thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles having a reduced atomic hydrogen over carbon ratio and a reduced oxygen over carbon ratio relative to the solid biomass feed and wherein the solid biomass feed are pellets of a solid torrefied biomass feed,(ii) separating the char particles as the char product from the gaseous fraction, and(iii) subjecting the gaseous fraction obtained in step (ii) to a continuously operated partial oxidation to obtain a syngas mixture further comprising water and having an elevated temperature.17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the pyrolysis process in step (i) is performed at a temperature of between 500 and 800° C. and at a solid residence time of ...

Waste Incinerator

A waste incinerator, in a vertical structure and including from the top down: a drying section, a destructive distillation section, a reduction section, and a combustion section. The combustion section includes: two layers of grate bars, a first combustion layer, a second combustion layer, and a third combustion layer. The heat produced from the combustion in the combustion section is used to heat the carbide in the reduction section. The heated carbide reduces CO 2 produced in the combustion into CO (coal gas). The coal gas ascends to the destructive distillation section through the ambient coal gas chamber to heat and destructively distillate the waste to produce the pyrogenic coal gas and the carbide. The carbide drops to the combustion section for combustion, and the pyrogenic coal gas and the coal gas are collected by the draft fan.

WASTE TREATMENT PROCESS FOR A FOSSIL-FUEL EXTRACTION SITE

There is disclosed a waste treatment process for a fossil-fuel extraction site (), comprising: processing extracted waste generated by a fossil-fuel extraction process to produce primary waste having a higher calorific value than the extracted waste; mixing the primary waste with secondary waste to generate pyrolysis feedstock, the secondary waste having a lower calorific value than the primary waste; pyrolysing the pyrolysis feedstock in a pyrolysis unit () to form pyrolysis char; and gasifying the pyrolysis char in a gasification unit () to form syngas and ash. 1. A waste treatment process comprising:processing extracted waste generated by a fossil-fuel extraction process to produce primary waste having a higher calorific value than said extracted waste;mixing said primary waste with secondary waste to generate pyrolysis feedstock, wherein said secondary waste has a lower calorific value than said primary waste;pyrolysing said pyrolysis feedstock in a pyrolysis unit to form pyrolysis char; andgasifying said pyrolysis char in a gasification unit to form syngas and ash.2. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said processing extracted waste comprises drying said extracted waste.3. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said primary waste has a calorific value of at least 30 MJ/kg.4. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said secondary waste has a calorific value less than or equal to 20 MJ/kg.5. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said fossil-fuel extraction process is selected from a group consisting of an oil extraction process and a gas extraction process.6. The waste treatment process of claim 1 , wherein said fossil-fuel extraction process is an enhanced oil recovery process claim 1 , and wherein said extracted waste comprises produced water from said enhanced oil recovery process.7. The waste treatment process of claim 6 , wherein said enhanced oil recovery process comprises a polymer flood claim 6 , and wherein ...

METHOD OF SYNTHETIC FUEL GAS PRODUCTION

The invention concern methods for converting carbonaceous feedstock slurry into synthetic fuel gas comprising: (a) introducing a carbonaceous feed stock slurry into a first reaction vessel via a continuous feed; (b) converting said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to a carbon char slurry comprising carbon char, and water by allowing said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to have a residency time of between 5 and 30 minutes in said first reaction vessel, said carbonaceous feed stock slurry being heated to a temperature of between about 260 to about 320° C. at a pressure such that water does not flash to steam. 1. A method for converting carbonaceous feedstock slurry into synthetic fuel gas comprising:(a) introducing a carbonaceous feed stock slurry into a first reaction vessel via a continuous feed;(b) converting said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to a carbon char slurry comprising carbon char and water by allowing said carbonaceous feed stock slurry to have a residency time of between 5 and 30 minutes in said first reaction vessel, said carbonaceous feed stock slurry being heated to a temperature of between about 260 to about 320° C. at a pressure such that water does not flash to steam,(c) transferring said carbon char slurry comprising carbon char and water from the first reaction vessel to a second reaction vessel which comprises an entrained flow steam reforming gasifier, the entrained flow steam reforming gasifier being constructed of material comprising nickel, introducing a pressure decrease with said transferring such that at least a portion of the water flashes to steam to produce a carbon char slurry comprising carbon char and steam, and(d) within said second reaction vessel producing a mixture comprising synthetic fuel gas from said carbon char slurry comprising carbon char and steam, the gasifier producing a process bulk temperature within the gasifier from greater than 650° C. to about 1000° C.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first reaction vessel ...

System and method for recovering inert feedstock contaminants from municipal solid waste during gasification

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

HIGHLY EFFICIENT AND COMPACT SYNGAS GENERATION SYSTEM

A syngas generator has at least pyrolysis unit and a cracking unit which recycles treated input therein. The pyrolysis unit may recycle treated char to provide input heat for feedstock. The cracking unit may recycle syngas to assist in treating input gas/vapor mixture. 2. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the cracking reactor operates at a lower pressure than the pyrolysis reactor.3. The improved syngas generating system of further comprising a compressor connector to the cracking reactor.4. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the return reactor receives the treated educt and conveys the treated educt upwardly to an elevation above the inlet.5. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the conveyor of the return reactor is an auger.6. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the conveyor of the primary reactor is an auger claim 1 , and a sieve selectively directs larger particles to the conveyor.7. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the cracking reactor treats the gas/vapor mixture with at least one of reaction products and recycled syngas derived from the reaction products to provide a stream cracked in a reaction chamber forming the syngas claim 1 , the syngas directed from the outlet.8. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the reaction products are directed from within the cracking reactor to mix with the gas/vapor mixture internal to the reaction chamber.9. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the reaction products are directed through a gas injector to the reaction chamber.10. The improved syngas generating system of wherein the gas injector receives at least one of oxygen claim 9 , steam and recycled syngas as a propellant.11. The improved syngas generating system of further comprising a cooler claim 1 , said cooler cooling syngas after leaving the outlet providing cooled syngas.12. The improved syngas generating system of wherein at least some cooled syngas is provided as bypass ...

COMPACT GASIFIER-GENSET ARCHITECTURE

A compact biomass gasification-based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, including an enclosure that encases: a gasifier including a pyrolysis module coaxially arranged above a reactor module, a generator including an engine and an alternator, and a hopper. The generator system additionally includes a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module, a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module, and a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module. The system can additionally include a central wiring conduit electrically connected to the pyrolysis module, reactor module, and engine, and a control panel connected to the conduit that enables single-side operation. 1an open-air hopper;an airlock connected to an outlet of the hopper;a drying module connected to the airlock, the airlock configured to form a substantially fluid impermeable seal with the drying module;a gasifier comprising: a pyrolysis module and a reactor module, the pyrolysis module connected to the drying module and to the reactor module;an engine; and a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module;', 'a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module; and', 'a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module., 'a heat exchange module comprising. A gasification based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, comprising: This application is a continuation ...

Pyrolysis Reactor System and Method

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber. 1. A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock comprising:a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed; and an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor, the second flow path intersecting the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid, the eductor body having a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor; and', 'a mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitate mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber., 'an eductor condenser unit in fluid ...

METHOD OF BIOMASS GRADING PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION IN A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

The invention provides a method of biomass grading pyrolysis gasification in a circulating fluidized bed comprising: feeding biomass into the lower-middle part of a carrying fluidized bed, mixing with high temperature synthesis gas and heat carrier from a turbulent fluidized bed, heating the biomass to carry out a pyrolysis reaction, and carrying the pyrolysis product upward; subjecting the cracked oil and gas to a gaseous phase catalytic cracking in an upper-middle part of the carrying fluidized bed, cracking the tar into methane, ethane and the like; subjecting the heat carrier, semi-coke and fuel gas after the reaction to the multi-stage of gas-solid separation, a large particle carrier and semi-coke following a first-level separation are used as the fuel gas cracking catalyst and the filter material for filtering and removing dust, and enter into a moving bed filter to separate out an ultra-fine ash and subsequently return to the turbulent fluidized bed so as to perform gasification reaction, the ultra-fine ash is delivered to the outside as a silicon-potash fertilizer product; the medium and small particle carrier and semi-coke separated from a second-level separation are directly recycled to the turbulent fluidized bed, the fine particles separated from a third-level separation is discharged to the outside as a silicon-potash fertilizer product, the moving bed filter further catalytically cracks a small amount of tar in the fuel gas into methane and ethane and removes the ultra-fine ash simultaneously, the purified fuel gas is delivered to the outside as a product. 1. A method of biomass grading pyrolysis gasification in a circulating fluidized bed comprising:1) feeding biomass particles having an average particle diameter less than 5 mm into a carrying fluidized bed in a circulating fluidized bed, the carrying fluidized bed having an upper part, a middle part, and a bottom part, and the biomass particles are fed into the carrying fluidized bed below the ...

Method and plant for gasifying input material

The invention relates to a plant for at least partly gasifying solid organic input material, with a low-temperature gasifier in which pyrolysis can yield a tar-containing pyrolisis gas from a solid organic input material, and with a high-temperature gasifier having an oxidation unit and an endothermic gasifier, where the pyrolisis gas can be converted to a synthesis gas by partial oxidation in the oxidation unit followed by partial reduction in the endothermic reactor, said endothermic reactor having a form which widens conically in the vertical direction and which has at least one side offtake to take off unwanted particulate solids at not less than one height, more particularly at not less than two or more different heights.

Process and Apparatus for Gasifying Biomass

A process and apparatus for gasification of biomass. Biogenic residue may be supplied to a heating zone to dry the biomass and allow the volatile constituents to escape to generate a pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas is supplied to an oxidation zone and substoichiometrically oxidized there to generate a crude gas. The carbonaceous residue generated in the heating zone and the crude gas is partially gasified in a gasification zone. The gasification forms activated carbon and a hot process gas. The activated carbon and the hot process gas are conjointly cooled. The adsorption process during the conjoined cooling has the result that tar from the hot process gas is absorbed on the activated carbon in the cooling zone. A pure gas which is substantially tar-free is obtained. The tar-enriched activated carbon may be at least partly burned for heating the heating zone and/or the gasification zone. 11011. A process () for gasifying biomass (B) , comprising: supplying biomass (B) to an apparatus () for gasification , generating a crude gas (R) and a carbonaceousresidue (RK) from the supplied biomass (B) in a first process step, partially gasifying the carbonaceous residue (RK) with gas constituents of the crude gas (R) in a gasification zone (ZV) in a second process step, as a result of which activated carbon (AK) and a hot product gas (PH) are formed,removing between a minimum of 0.02 units of mass and a maximum of 0.1 units of mass of the activated carbon (AK) and the hot product gas (PH) from the gasification zone (ZV) per unit of mass of supplied biomass (B) with respect to a reference condition water-free and ash-free (waft),conveying the activated carbon (AK) and the hot product gas (PH) to a cooling zone (ZK), and{'b': '14', 'conjointly cooling the activated carbon (AK) and the hot product gas (PH) in the cooling zone (ZK) in a third process step (), so that an adsorption process takes place, wherein the activated carbon (MAK2) is enriched with tar from the hot product ...

A GASIFICATION UNIT, A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT GAS AND USE OF SUCH A METHOD

Disclosed is a gasification unit () for producing a product gas. The gasification unit () comprises a co-current or counterflow pyrolysis unit () including a pyrolysis gas outlet () arranged at an upper part()of the pyrolysis unit () and a pyrolysis gas inlet () arranged at a lower part()of the pyrolysis unit (). The gasification unit () further comprises a co-current or counterflow gasifier () including a product gas outlet () arranged at an upper part()of the gasifier () and a gasifier inlet () arranged at a lower part of the gasifier () and coke moving means () for allowing pyrolyzed coke () to move from the pyrolysis unit () to the gasifier (). The gasification unit () also comprises recycling means () arranged to guide at least a part of the pyrolysis gas produced in the pyrolysis unit () from the pyrolysis gas outlet () and back to the pyrolysis gas inlet () and heating device () comprising an input conduit () arranged to guide pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis gas outlet () to a combustion unit () in the heating device (), wherein the combustion unit () is arranged to least a partially oxidize the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis unit (), and wherein the heating device () comprises an output conduit () arranged to guide heating gas generated by the partial oxidization in the combustion unit () to the gasifier inlet (), where in the heating device () is arranged external to the pyrolysis unit () and the gasifier ()and wherein said gasification unit () further comprises heat exchange means () arranged for heating at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas before it enters the pyrolysis unit () through said pyrolysis gas inlet () by means of at least a part of the product gas exiting said gasifier () through said product gas outlet (). Furthermore, a method for producing a product gas in a gasification unit () and use of such a method is disclosed. 1. A gasification unit for producing a product gas , said gasification unit comprising ,a co-current or counterflow ...

Method and device for the production of synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine

A method for producing synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine from an organic solid fuel decomposed into pyrolysis products in a pyrolysis reactor without an oxygen supply, includes feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor. A synthesis gas produced in the fluidized bed reactor is withdrawn as product gas. The products gas is directly or indirectly fed to the internal combustion engine. The pyrolysis reactor is operated using at least one pyrolysis auger for conveying the solid fuel. The fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of the bed material of the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor. 1. A method for producing synthesis gas , for operating an internal combustion engine , from an organic solid fuel , the method comprising the steps of:conveying organic solid fuel to a pyrolysis reactor using a pyrolysis auger;decomposing the organic solid fuel into pyrolysis products in the pyrolysis reactor, without an oxygen supply;feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor;producing a synthesis gas in the fluidized bed reactor; andwithdrawing the synthesis gas from the fluidized bed reactor as product gas and directly or indirectly feeding the product gas to the internal combustion engine;wherein fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of a bed material of a fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor;wherein the organic solid fuel comprises a biogenic waste material having an ash content of at least 20% of a solid mass of the organic solid fuel; andwherein the pyrolysis products formed in the pyrolysis reactor in the step of decomposing are pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis coke, and pyrolysis gas.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the biogenic waste material comprising the organic solid fuel has solid contents between 80% and 98% and ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC WASTE

A method for processing organic waste comprises two steps. Step one comprises separating water from the organic waste to produce liquid, slurry and solid matter, and step two comprises gasification of the slurry and solid matter. A system for processing organic waste and generate energy comprises a screw-press solid separator adapted for receiving the organic waste and expel liquid from the organic waste to produce water, slurry and solid matter, and a multi-stage gasifier for gasification of the slurry and solid matter. 1. A method for processing organic waste , comprising two steps , where step one comprises:separating water from the organic waste to produce liquid, slurry and solid matter by:pressing the organic waste in order to expel liquid from the organic waste to produce liquid, slurry and solid matter,processing the liquid by means of an electro-static coagulation device comprising ultrasound transducers to separate the solid materials and oils from the liquid, andcollecting the separated slurry, solid materials and oils from the pressing and from processing the liquid and water for recycling;and step two comprises:gasification of the slurry and solid matter to produce gas and biochar.2. (canceled)3. The method according to claim 1 , where the step of separating liquid from the organic waste comprises processing the organic waste through a screw-press solid separator in order to expel liquid from the organic waste.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method according to claim 1 , where the step of gasification comprises drying the slurry and solid matter to obtain a dry material with moisture content between 10% to 15%.7. The method according to claim 1 , where the gasification comprises two stages claim 1 , the first stage comprising pyrolysis of the dried slurry and solid matter and outputting matter to the second stage claim 1 , and the second stage comprises adding steam to the output matter.8. The method according to claim 1 , where the organic waste is ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK

The gasification of a carbonaceous material includes receiving a volume of feedstock, supplying thermal energy to the volume of feedstock to convert at least a portion of the volume of feedstock to at least one pyrolysis reaction product via at least one pyrolysis reaction, super-heating the at least one pyrolysis reaction product, providing a volume of super-heated steam, mixing the volume of super-heated steam with the super-heated at least one pyrolysis reaction product and converting at least a portion of at least one reformed product to at least one synthesis gas product via at least one water-gas-shift reaction. 1. A method comprising:receiving a volume of feedstock;supplying thermal energy to the volume of feedstock to convert at least a portion of the volume of feedstock to at least one pyrolysis reaction product via at least one pyrolysis reaction;super-heating the at least one pyrolysis reaction product;providing a volume of super-heated steam;mixing the volume of super-heated steam with the super-heated at least one pyrolysis reaction product;converting at least a portion of at least one reformed product to at least one synthesis gas product via at least one water-gas-shift reaction;compressing the at least one synthesis gas product in at least one compression phase;converting at least a portion of the compressed at least one synthesis gas product to a volume of methanol; andconverting at least a portion of the volume of methanol to a volume of gasoline.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving a volume of feedstock includes:receiving a volume of coal.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supplying thermal energy to the volume of feedstock to convert at least a portion of the volume of feedstock to at least one pyrolysis reaction product via at least one pyrolysis reaction includes:supplying thermal energy to the volume of feedstock to convert at least a portion of the volume of feedstock to at least one pyrolysis reaction product including at ...

Apparatus for Pyrolysing Carbonaceous Material

An apparatus for pyrolyzing a carbonaceous material and producing char and volatiles includes a vessel having an inlet for the carbonaceous material, an outlet for the char and the volatiles, and a first pathway therebetween. The vessel has wall portions with interior surfaces that define the first pathway. Further, the vessel has a heat exchange medium inlet, outlet and a second pathway therebetween. The first and second pathways are in heat exchange proximity to each other and the second pathway is defined by interior surfaces of the, or other, wall interior portions of the vessel. At least some of the interior wall portions of the vessel project into an interior space of the vessel such that at least one of the first and second pathways is non-linear. 132-. (canceled)33. An apparatus for pyrolyzing a carbonaceous material and producing char and volatiles , the apparatus comprising:a vessel having an inlet for the carbonaceous material, an outlet for the char and the volatiles and a first pathway therebetween, the vessel having wall portions with interior surfaces that define the first pathway, the vessel further having a heat exchange medium inlet, a heat exchange medium outlet and a second pathway therebetween, the first and second pathways being in heat exchange proximity to each other and the second pathway being defined by interior surfaces of the, or other, interior wall portions of the vessel, at least some of the interior wall portions of the vessel projecting into an interior space of the vessel such that at least one of the first and second pathways is non-linear and configured such that the second pathway is corrugated and a heat transfer surface area is increased compared to linear first and second pathways; andan agitator for passing carbonaceous material, the produced char and the volatiles through the first pathway.34. The apparatus according to claim 33 , wherein at least portions of the first pathway are interleaved with at least portions of the ...

INDUSTRIAL FURNACE INTEGRATED WITH BIOMASS GASIFICATION SYSTEM

An integrated apparatus of industrial furnace and biomass gasification system and a process of operating said system are disclosed. Hot flue gas containing high concentration of COand water issued from an industrial furnace such as a glass furnace or a melting furnace for non-ferrous metals is introduced into a biomass gasification system as a heat source to promote the pyrolysis of biomass and/or as a gasification agent to generate syngas. The generated syngas is blended with solid-fuel such as petcoke before being introduced into the industrial furnace to facilitate ignition and combustion of petcoke. Overall CO, NOand SOemission from the industrial furnace are reduced, and the lifetime of the industrial furnace is increased. 114-. (canceled)15. An integrated apparatus comprises a biomass gasification system containing a pyrolysis unit and a gasifier unit , an industrial furnace , a conduit feeding a stream of flue gas containing COand HO issued from the industrial furnace into the biomass gasification system , a conduit feeding a stream of syngas generated in the biomass gasification system into the industrial furnace , a conduit feeding a stream of oxygen or oxygen-enriched air as gasification agent to the gasifier unit , wherein the stream of flue gas is introduced into either one or both of the pyrolysis unit and the gasifier unit of the biomass gasification system.16. The integrated apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the stream of flue gas enters into the gasifier unit after passing through the pyrolysis unit of the biomass gasification system.17. The integrated apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the gasifier unit is selected from a fixed-bed gasifier claim 15 , an entrained flow gasifier or a fluidized gasifier.18. The integrated apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the stream of syngas generated in the biomass gasification system is at a pressure of equal or greater than 2 bars before being introduced into the industrial furnace.19. The integrated apparatus of claim ...

SIMULTANEOUS PYROLYSIS AND COMMUNITION FOR FUEL FLEXIBLE GASIFICATION AND PYROLYSIS

A biomass thermal conversion system including a fixed bed drying zone; a fixed bed pyrolysis zone fluidly connected to the drying zone; a combustion zone fluidly connected to the pyrolysis zone by a material path; and a comminution mechanism arranged across the material path between the pyrolysis zone and the combustion zone, configured to grind char off a pyrolyzed surface of solid biomass and reduce a dimension of the solid biomass below a threshold size. 1. A biomass thermal conversion system comprising:a fixed bed drying zone;a fixed bed pyrolysis zone fluidly connected to the drying zone;a combustion zone fluidly connected to the pyrolysis zone by a material path; anda comminution mechanism arranged across the material path between the pyrolysis zone and the combustion zone, configured to grind char off a pyrolyzed surface of solid biomass and reduce a dimension of the solid biomass below a threshold size.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pyrolysis zone is fluidly connected to the combustion zone at an interface claim 1 , wherein the comminution mechanism comprises the entirety of the interface.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the comminution mechanism encircles the combustion zone.4. The system of claim 3 , further comprising a casing comprising a solid material inlet claim 3 , the casing defining the drying zone proximal the solid material inlet and defining the pyrolysis zone distal the solid material inlet across the drying zone claim 3 , wherein the grinding mechanism defines the combustion zone claim 3 , wherein the pyrolysis zone abuts against the comminution mechanism.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the pyrolysis zone surrounds the comminution mechanism.6. The system of claim 4 , further comprising an insert extending through the drying and pyrolysis zones and fluidly connected to the combustion zone claim 4 , the insert defining a reduction zone.7. The system of claim 4 , further comprising a char transportation mechanism distal the solid ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GASIFYING RAW MATERIAL AND GASEOUS PRODUCT

A method and apparatus for gasifying raw material. The method includes feeding the raw material into an upper part of a fixed-bed gasifier, introducing the raw material from the upper part of the gasifier to a pyrolysis zone of the gasifier to form the fixed-bed and pyrolyzing the raw material in the presence of pyrolysis air to form a pyrolysis product. Introducing the pyrolysis product from the pyrolysis zone to a lower part of the gasifier, introducing primary air countercurrently to the lower part, carrying out a final gasification in a lower part of the gasifier in order to form a gasified gas. Introducing the gasified gas to a catalytic oxidation part and through a catalyst layer of the catalytic oxidation part, and reforming the gasified gas by way of the catalytic oxidation in the presence of reforming air in the catalytic oxidation part, forming a gaseous product. 1. A method for gasifying raw material , wherein the method comprises:feeding the raw material into an upper part of a fixed-bed gasifier,introducing the raw material from the upper part of the gasifier to a pyrolysis zone of the gasifier to form the fixed-bed in the pyrolysis zone and pyrolyzing the raw material in the presence of pyrolysis air in the pyrolysis zone to form a pyrolysis product,introducing the pyrolysis product from the pyrolysis zone to a lower part of the gasifier,introducing primary air countercurrently to the lower part,carrying out a final gasification in a lower part of the gasifier in order to form a gasified gas,introducing the gasified gas to a catalytic oxidation part and through a catalyst layer of the catalytic oxidation part, andreforming the gasified gas by way of the catalytic oxidation in the presence of reforming air in the catalytic oxidation part,in order to form a gaseous product.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein temperature of the catalyst layer is between 600 to 900° C.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein temperature of the gasified gas is ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SYNTHESIS GAS

A method for producing a synthesis gas from an organic material with a moisture content of less than 20%. A first step for carrying out the thermolysis of the organic material and a second, separate step for the gasification (ii) of the thermolysed organic material. The thermolysis step is carried out by increasing the temperature of the raw material up to an end temperature higher than 150° C. and lower than 1400° C.; —the thermolysis step (i) is carried out in a controlled gas atmosphere in which the quantity of oxygen supplied is less than 20% of the quantity of oxygen required for the stoichiometric combustion of the organic raw material; —the thermolysis gas obtained in the thermolysis step is conveyed to a purification step (iii) for removing undesirable elements. 114-. (canceled)15. A method for producing a synthesis gas from an organic material with a moisture content of less than 20% , comprising:a first step of thermolysis (i) of said organic material and then a second separate step of gasification (ii) of the thermolysed organic material,the thermolysis step (i) is carried out by increasing the temperature of the raw material to an end temperature higher than 150° and lower than 1400° C.,the thermolysis step (i) is carried out in a controlled gas atmosphere in which the quantity of oxygen supplied is less than 20% of the quantity of oxygen required for the stoichiometric combustion of the organic raw material,the thermolysis gas obtained during the thermolysis step (i) is sent to a step (iii) of purification of the undesirable elements,the thermolysed material is sent to a step (ii) of endothermic gasification at a temperature above 800° C. for obtaining a gasification gas,the gasification gas undergoes an enthalpy recovery step (v) so that its temperature is below 500° C.,more than 35% of the energy necessary for the thermolysis step (i) is supplied by said enthalpy recovery step (v).16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein all or part of the ...

CARBONIZING FURNACE, PYROLYTIC FURNACE, WATER GAS GENERATION SYSTEM, HYDROGEN GAS GENERATION SYSTEM, AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

Provided is a carbonizing furnace capable of improving combustion efficiency of combustible gas generated by combustion of organic waste and of improving carbonization efficiency of organic waste by appropriately controlling the temperature of carbide. Provided is a pyrolytic furnace in which heating gas can be suppressed from outflowing to the outside from a gap between the upper surface of the body part of the pyrolytic furnace and the outer circumferential surface of a reaction tube where a pyrolysis reaction between carbide and a gasification agent is caused, and in which the temperature of a region where the pyrolysis reaction is caused can be suppressed from being reduced. Provided is a water gas generation system which improves thermal efficiency without using a dedicated heat source for generating water steam to be used as a gasification agent for carbide, promotes a pyrolysis reaction, and thereby, achieves the excellent heat efficiency. Provided are a hydrogen gas generation system and a power generation system which use water gas generated by a water gas generation system including a carbonizing furnace and a pyrolytic furnace and which have excellent productivity. Provided is a carbonizing furnace which improves combustion efficiency by controlling the supply amount of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace according to the temperature of combustion gas in the carbonizing furnace, and which improves carbonization efficiency by controlling the discharge amount of carbide to be discharged to the outside according to the temperature of carbide or the deposit amount of organic waste in the carbonizing furnace, to make the temperature of carbide appropriate, and by controlling the temperature of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace. In addition, provided is a pyrolytic furnace which blocks outflow of heating gas or water gas by providing seal portions at the attachment positions of a body part, a reaction tube, and a water gas outlet part, etc ...

COMPACT GASIFIER-GENSET ARCHITECTURE

A compact biomass gasification-based power generation system that converts carbonaceous material into electrical power, including an enclosure that encases: a gasifier including a pyrolysis module coaxially arranged above a reactor module, a generator including an engine and an alternator, and a hopper. The generator system additionally includes a first heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the reactor module and thermally connected to the drying module, a second heat exchanger fluidly connected to an outlet of the engine and thermally connected to the pyrolysis module, and a third heat exchanger fluidly connected between the outlet of the reactor module and the first heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger thermally connected to an air inlet of the reactor module. The system can additionally include a central wiring conduit electrically connected to the pyrolysis module, reactor module, and engine, and a control panel connected to the conduit that enables single-side operation.

HYBRID FIXED-KINETIC BED GASIFIER FOR FUEL FLEXIBLE GASIFICATION

A gasification system including: a casing defining: a solid material inlet; a fixed bed drying zone proximal the solid material inlet; a fixed bed pyrolysis zone arranged below the drying zone along a gravity vector, distal the solid material inlet across the pyrolysis zone; a kinetic bed combustion zone surrounded by the pyrolysis zone; and a fluidization channel extending through the drying zone and pyrolysis zone and fluidly connected to the combustion zone, the fluidization channel defining a kinetic bed reduction zone fluidly isolated from and thermally connected to the pyrolysis zone and the drying zone by the fluidization channel. 1. A method for gasification of carbon-containing solids , comprising:combusting pyrolyzed solids within a kinetic bed combustion zone, the kinetic bed combustion zone formed by flowing combustion fluid at a turbulent velocity into a fixed bed pyrolysis zone comprising pyrolyzed solids;diverting fluid flow through the combustion zone and into a reduction zone within a kinetic chamber, the kinetic chamber fluidly isolating and thermally coupling the reduction zone with the fixed bed pyrolysis zone and a drying zone;reducing the combustion products within the kinetic chamber, the gas flow maintaining a kinetic bed within the kinetic chamber;pyrolyzing uncombusted solids with waste heat from combustion product reduction;drying wet solids with waste heat from solid pyrolysis and combustion; andleveraging gravity to move dried solids from the drying zone toward the pyrolysis zone, and pyrolyzed solids from the pyrolysis zone toward the combustion zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein diverting fluid flow through the combustion zone and into the reduction zone comprises diverting fluid flow with a closed end of a casing opposing a fluid inlet of the kinetic chamber.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating a rotating flow within the combustion zone.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising introducing fluid into the ...

Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel

Method and reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel. The fuel is input into a pyrolysis chamber () and a pyrolysis process is executed for obtaining a product gas. Parts of the fuel exiting from the pyrolysis chamber () are recirculated to a combustion chamber (). In the combustion chamber () a gasification process is executed in a fluidized bed () using a primary process fluid, followed by a combustion process in an area () above the fluidized bed () using a secondary process fluid. 1. Method for producing a product gas from a fuel , comprisinginputting the fuel into a pyrolysis chamber and executing a pyrolysis process for obtaining a product gas,recirculating parts of the fuel exiting from the pyrolysis chamber to a combustion chamber, andin the combustion chamber executing a gasification process in a fluidized bed using a primary process fluid, followed by a combustion process in an area above the fluidized bed using a secondary process fluid, wherein the gasification process is operated with an equivalence ratio ER between 0.9 and 0.99, the equivalence ratio ER being defined as the ratio of the amount of oxygen supplied divided by the amount of oxygen needed for complete combustion of the fuel.2. (canceled)3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed is operated with an equivalence ratio ER of at least 1.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the primary process fluid is used for controlling the temperature in the fluidized bed.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the equivalence ratio is controlled by one or more of:reducing supply of the primary process fluid, reducing oxygen content in the primary process fluid, adding an inert gas to the primary process fluid, and/or adding flue gas to the primary process fluid.6. Method according to claim 5 , wherein the equivalence ratio is controlled based on measurement of a temperature in the product gas claim 5 , and/or a temperature in the flue gas from the combustion process claim 5 , and/ ...

FLUIDIZED COKING WITH CATALYTIC GASIFICATION

Systems and methods are provided for integrating a fluidized coking process with a catalyst-enhanced coke gasification process. The catalyst for the gasification process can correspond to calcium oxide, a thermally decomposable calcium salt, a potassium salt such as potassium carbonate, or a combination thereof. Examples of suitable calcium salts can include, but are not limited to, calcium hydroxide, calcium nitrate, and calcium carbonate. The calcium oxide, potassium salts, and/or thermally decomposable calcium salts can be introduced into the integrated system, for example, as part of the feed into the coker. It has been unexpectedly discovered that using catalytic gasification as part of an integrated fluidized coking and gasification process can result in an overhead gas stream from the gasifier with increased energy content and/or overhead gas pressure. 1. A method for performing fluidized coking on a feed , comprising:exposing a feedstock comprising a T10 distillation point of 343° C. or more to a fluidized bed comprising solid particles in a reactor under coking conditions to form a coker effluent, the thermal cracking conditions comprising 10 wt % or more conversion of the feedstock relative to 343° C., the thermal cracking conditions being effective for depositing coke on the solid particles, the exposing further comprising introducing potassium carbonate, calcium oxide, one or more thermally decomposable calcium salts, or a combination thereof into the fluidized bed comprising solid particles;introducing an oxygen-containing stream and steam into a gasifier;passing at least a portion of the solid particles comprising deposited coke from the reactor to the gasifier;{'sub': '2', 'exposing the at least a portion of the solid particles comprising deposited coke to gasification conditions in the presence of at least a portion of the steam, oxygen from the oxygen-containing stream, and potassium carbonate, calcium oxide, or a combination thereof to form ...

FLUIDIZED COKING WITH REDUCED COKING VIA LIGHT HYDROCARBON ADDITION

Systems and methods are provided for adding a heated stream of light hydrocarbons to a fluidized coking environment to improve liquid product yield and/or reduce coke production. The light hydrocarbons can correspond to C-Chydrocarbons and/or hydrogen. The light hydrocarbons can be heated so that the light hydrocarbons are exposed to an activation temperature of 535° C. to 950° C. and/or an activation temperature higher than the temperature in the coking zone by 50° C. or more for an activation time prior to entering the fluidized coking reactor and/or the coking zone in the fluidized coking environment. 1. A method for performing fluidized coking on a feedstock , comprising:{'sub': 1', '10', '1', '10, 'activating a stream comprising C-Chydrocarbons, hydrogen, or a combination thereof by exposing the stream comprising C-Chydrocarbons, hydrogen, or a combination thereof to an activation temperature for an activation time of 0.1 seconds to 10 seconds, the activation temperature being higher than a coking zone temperature by 50° C. or more; and'}exposing, in a reactor, a feedstock comprising a T10 distillation point of 343° C. or more to a fluidized bed comprising solid particles in the presence of the activated stream under fluidized coking conditions comprising the coking zone temperature to form a coker effluent, the fluidized coking conditions comprising 10 wt % or more conversion of the feedstock relative to 343° C., the fluidized coking conditions being effective for depositing coke on the solid particles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stream comprising C-Chydrocarbons claim 1 , hydrogen claim 1 , or a combination thereof comprises C-Calkanes claim 1 , or wherein the stream comprising C-Chydrocarbons claim 1 , hydrogen claim 1 , or a combination thereof comprises at least one of C-Calkylaromatics and naphthenoaromatics claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activation temperature is 535° C. to 950° C.4. The method of ...

PARTICULATE CLASSIFICATION VESSEL HAVING GAS DISTRIBUTOR VALVE FOR RECOVERING CONTAMINANTS FROM BED MATERIAL

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage. 111. A particulate classification vessel (AA , AB) having an interior (INA , INB) and comprising:{'b': 5', '5, '(i) a mixture input (AA, AAA);'}{'b': 6', '6', '16', '16, '(ii) a classifier gas input (AA, AAA) connected to a source of classifier gas (AA, AAA);'}{'b': 7', '7, '(iii) a bed material output (AA, AAA);'}{'b': 9', '9, '(iv) a contaminant output (AA, AAA); and'}{'b': 91', '1', '2, '(v) a gas distributor valve (V) configured to separate the classifier interior (INA, INB) into a classifier zone (INA) and a gas distribution zone (INA);'}wherein:{'b': 91', '504', '502', '504', '502', '514, 'the gas distributor valve (V) comprises a valve body () and a blade () slidable relative to the valve body (); the blade () has perforations () at a first portion thereof;'}{'b': 506', '502', '502, 'claim-text': [{'b': 514', '1', '2, 'a closed position in which the perforations () are located within the vessel, between the classifier zone (INA) and a gas distribution zone (INA); and'}, {'b': 514', '1', '2, 'an open position in which the perforations () are no longer located within the vessel, between the classifier zone (INA) and a gas distribution zone (INA).'}], 'an actuator () is connected to the blade () and configured to selectively slide the blade () between2. The particulate classification vessel according to claim 1 , wherein:{'b': 502', '516, 'the blade () further comprises a hole () at a ...

Pyrolysis Reactor System and Method

A system and method for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor having a pyrolysis conduit and a solids return conduit segment. Each segment is configured with an outlet and an inlet to receive and discharge solid materials that are circulated through the reactor through the different segments. A solids conveyor is disposed within the pyrolysis conduit segment to facilitate conveying solid materials from the solids inlet upward through the pyrolysis conduit segment toward the solids discharge outlet. A pyrolysis feedstock is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor and at least a portion of the feedstock is converted to pyrolysis gases within the pyrolysis conduit segment, which are discharged through a gas outlet.

Processes and devices for gasifying biomass, in particular wood materials

Production of burning and synthesis gases from biomass by gasification process with high pressure steam generation in an airflow carburettor

The process further comprises: reducing water content; high-speed pyrolysis of the pre-dried coke; mixing the pyrolysis coke with the pyrolysis oil/condensate to a liquid solid suspension; gasifying the liquid solid suspension in the carburettor; cooling and washing/filtering the gas; supplying steam water raw gas for adjusting hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio; producing water-soluble bio paste by hydrothermal pyrolysis of the wet biomass at 200-250 bar and at 300[deg]C; and cleaning the gas for the production of technical hydrogen, oxo products/fuels. The gas is produced at 1100[deg]C and cooling the gas by injecting excess water to the saturation temperature of the water vapor. In the cooled raw gas, the ratio of water is 50-70 vol.%.

Verfahren zur Herstellung und Vorbereitung von Schnellpyrolyseprodukten aus Biomasse für eine Flugstrom Druckvergasung

Verfahren zur Herstellung und Vorbereitung von Schnellpyrolyseprodukten aus Biomasse für eine Flugstrom-Druckvergasung, umfassend eine Aufheizung der Biomasse unter Sauerstoffausschluss in einem Pyrolysereaktor, wobei sich für eine bis 50 Sekunden eine Temperatur zwischen 400 bis 600 DEG C einstellt und die Biomasse zu porösem Pyrolysekoks, Pyrolysekondensat und Pyrolysegas reagiert, ein Ableiten der Pyrolysegase sowie ein Kondensieren von dampfförmigen Bestandteilen des Pyrolysekondensats in mehreren Kondensationsstufen, wobei bei jeder Kondensationsstufe eine Abtrennung von kondensierten Bestandteilen erfolgt. Die Aufgabe liegt darin, das Verfahren so zu verbessern, dass insbesondere die Gefahr von unerwünschter Entmischung des Pyrolysekondensats und/oder der Slurries vor Eintritt in den Flugstrom-Druckvergaser reduziert wird. Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass in der ersten Kondensationsstufe bei Temperaturen oberhalb des Wassertaupunktes ein Koks-Kondensat-Gemisch abgeschieden wird, und in mindestens einer folgenden Kondensationsstufe eine als Schwelwasser bezeichnete wässrige Lösung von sauerstoffhaltigen organischen Verbindungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 0 DEG C und 90 DEG C kondensiert und separiert wird.

Method and device for gasifying lumpy fuels with pre-carbonization and cracking of the carbonization gases in the gas generator

Process to prepare an activated carbon product and a syngas mixture

The invention is directed to a process to prepare an activated carbon product and a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds from a solid torrefied biomass feed comprising the following steps. (i) subjecting the solid biomass feed to a pyrolysis reaction thereby obtaining a gaseous fraction comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a mixture of gaseous organic compounds and a solid fraction comprising of char particles. (ii) separating the solids fraction from the gaseous fraction. and (iii) activating the char particles as obtained in step (ii) to obtain the activated carbon product.

Устройство и способ для термохимической гармонизации и газификации влажной биомассы

1. Устройство для термохимической карбонизации и газификации влажной, в особенности водосодержащей и/или сухой, биомассы для изготовления энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя посредством реактора (1) карбонизации с подогревом, имеющего закрывающееся входное отверстие (13), в котором биомасса преобразовывается в твердый, наливной или газообразный энергоноситель и/или сырьевой носитель и выводится через закрывающееся выходное отверстие (14) в охлаждаемый резервуар (9), соединенный с реактором (1) карбонизации для временного хранения энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя, который соединен с нижестоящим реактором (16) газификации, в котором газ и отходы, такие как зола, отделяются от биомассы, отличающееся следующими признаками:a) внешняя тепловая энергия (60) подается в реактор (1) карбонизации, который функционально соединен с нагревательным элементом (4), в частности окружен нагревательной рубашкой, и далее тепловая энергия подается, по меньшей мере, от одной установки, в особенности от реактора (16) газификации,b) энергия охлаждения от второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9) подается в реактор газификации,c) влага, в особенности вода, подается во второй резервуар или охлаждающий резервуар (9), чтобы обеспечить почти непрерывный процесс,d) из реактора (1) карбонизации и/или второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9), реакционный газ подается в емкость (21) для хранения газа, где реакционный газ повторно подается в реактор (16) газификации.2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что влагосодержащая биомасса, принимаемая в реакторе (1) карбонизации, выпаривается под давлением от 5 до 30 бар, предпочтительно под РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/26 (11) (13) 2012 151 909 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012151909/10, 14.02.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ЦББ ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2011 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 ( ...

利用生物质制造合成气的高温气化工艺方法及系统

本发明涉及利用生物质制造合成气的高温气化工艺方法及系统，包括原料给料、炭化、木炭制粉、将炭粉输送到气化炉气化，炭化是利用外供的可燃气体和氧气在炭化炉内发生直接燃烧反应，反应放出的热量直接用于提供生物质热解所需的热量，炭化炉的产物为热解气和木炭。通过调整氧气量，控制炭化炉温度在400～600℃，按照可燃气体与氧气完全燃烧时可燃气体摩尔量为1计算，可燃气体加入摩尔量大于1小于5，调整进入炭化炉的外供可燃气体量，控制炭化炉烧嘴火焰温度在1800℃～1200℃之间。木炭制粉通过木炭降温、降压、制粉、增压、流化，通过控制输送用的热解气和/或外供可燃气体量，将炭粉输送到气化炉。

一种粉煤高效清洁制备油气产品的联合工艺

本发明涉及一种粉煤高效清洁制备油气产品的工艺，包括煤料预处理过程、热解过程、气化过程和燃烧过程；所述煤料预处理过程包括干燥工序或干燥及粒度分级工序，其中粒度分级工序用于将原料粉煤分为粗粒粉煤和细粒粉煤；热解过程在热解单元中进行，气化过程在气化单元中进行，燃烧过程在燃烧单元中进行；热解单元采用流化床或回转窑，气化单元采用流化床，燃烧单元采用流化床或流化床和气流床组合；本发明克服了粉煤热解油尘分离难的技术难题，将煤高效地转化为高附加值的油品及化工产品的原料；其碳转化率高，是一种清洁、高效的煤炭资源利用工艺，满足国家政策要求。

Device and method of synthetic gas production of biomass prepared by fluidised gasification

FIELD: oil and gas industry.SUBSTANCE: invention is related to device for synthetic gas production of biomass prepared by fluidised gasification. The device includes fuel preparatory unit, wherein biomass is delivered to a coarse grinder, which is connected through is connected downstream through the first gate to a pressurised carbonisation unit in order to receive carbonised coal of biomass by hydrothermal method. At that the carbonisation unit includes at least one heater and one carbonising reactor installed downstream the heater and connected downstream through the second gate to at least one separator into solid and liquid phase for fuel preparation. Downstream the separator into solid and liquid phase there is a drier for fuel drying, which is connected to a grinder to grind fuel into powdered fuel with particle size from 55 up to 500 mcm. The device includes also a unit transporting fuel to a unit for fluidised gasification so that the fuel preparatory unit is coupled to fluidised gasification unit (22). The method for synthetic gas production of biomass by fluidised gasification with usage of the claimed device is also disclosed.EFFECT: high energy efficiency, reduction of operation costs, potential recycling of biomass with little value with production of synthetic gas free from tars.13 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C21B 13/00 (13) 2 550 392 C2 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012124875/02, 26.11.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 26.11.2010 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2014 Бюл. № 1 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЛИНДЭ АГ (DE) R U 27.11.2009 DE 102009055976.0 (72) Автор(ы): РЮГЕР Дитмар (DE), ШУЛЬЦЕ Олаф (DE), АЛЬТАПП Антон (DE), АЙХХОРН Кристиан (DE), КРЕТШМЕР Хорст (DE) (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2015 Бюл. № 13 1970431 A1, 17.09.2008. WO 2007138534 A1, 06.12.2007. RU 61390 U1, 27.02. ...

바이오매스를 이용하여 합성가스를 제조하는 고온 가스화 방법 및 이를 위한 시스템

본 발명은 바이오매스를 이용하여 합성가스를 제조하는 고온 가스화 방법 및 시스템에 관한 것으로, 원료 공급 단계, 탄소화 단계, 목탄 제분 단계 및 미분탄을 가스화 장치로 이송하여 가스화하는 단계를 포함하며, 탄소화는 외부 제공 가연성 기체와 산소가 탄화로 내에서 직접 연소 반응을 진행하여, 반응 중 방출하는 열량을 직접 바이오매스 열분해에 필요한 열량으로 사용하며, 탄화로의 산물은 열분해 가스와 목탄이다. 산소량 조절을 통하여 탄화로 온도를 400 ~ 600℃로 제어하고, 가연성 기체와 산소의 충분 연소 시 필요한 가연성 기체의 몰량을 1 기준으로, 외부 제공 가연성 기체를 몰량 1 이상 5 이하로 주입하여, 탄화로에 진입하는 외부 제공 가연성 기체량을 조절하고, 탄화로 버너 화염온도는 1800℃ ~ 1200℃ 이하로 한다. 목탄 제분 절차는 목탄 온도하강, 감압, 제분, 증압, 유동화를 통하여, 이송용 열분해 가스량 조절에 의해 미분탄을 가스화 장치로 이송한다.

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利用生物质制造合成气的高温气化工艺方法及系统

本发明涉及利用生物质制造合成气的高温气化工艺方法及系统，包括原料给料、炭化、木炭制粉、将炭粉输送到气化炉气化，将木炭制粉的过程是：通过木炭降压给料装置将木炭降到常压，然后送往制粉机制成炭粉，再用常压输送气体将炭粉送到炭粉增压给料系统；最后用热解气将增压后的炭粉送入气化炉。炭化炉出口的高温木炭经冷却装置冷却到60～200℃，再进入降压给料装置。增压后的炭粉进入引射器将炭粉引射输送到气化炉，采用炭化炉产生的热解气作为输送气体，通过控制输送用的热解气量，将炭粉输送管道的固气比控制在0.03～0.45m 3 /m 3 。炭化是利用外供的可燃气体和氧气在炭化炉内发生直接燃烧反应，通过调整氧气量，控制炭化炉温度在400～600℃。

一种通过热解将生物质制造合成气的工艺方法及系统

本发明涉及一种通过热解将生物质制造合成气的工艺方法及系统，步骤是：1)物质原料预处理；2)采用生物质快速热解技术对生物质原料热解，热解床的产物为热解气和炭粉；3)通过旋风分离器将热解气与炭粉、固体热载体分离；4)通过固固分离器将炭粉与固体热载体分离，炭粉通入炭粉料仓收集，固体热载体在载体加热流化床被加热后，再送入热解床循环利用；5)生成的热解气送入冷凝罐喷淋冷凝，热解气中可凝部分冷凝生成生物燃油，生成的生物燃油经高压油泵增压后通入气化炉气化；6)不凝热解气一部分进入燃烧床与空气燃烧，另一部分进入热解床作为流化介质。利用系统产生的热烟气直接对原料干燥。利用热解床产生的热解气与空气在燃烧床中燃烧的热量，供热解床热量。

Method and device for biomass gasification

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method (10) for the gasification of biomass (B), as well as to a device intended for this purpose (11). The biomass (B) is fed to the gasification device (11). At the first technological stage (12, 12i, 12 ii), an untreated gas (R) and a carbon-containing residue (RK) are obtained from the introduced biomass (B). The carbon-containing residue (RK) undergoes partial gasification with the gaseous components of the crude gas (R) in the gasification zone (ZV) at the second technological stage (13). As a result, activated carbon (AG) and hot product gas (PH) are formed. Per unit mass of the introduced biomass (B), based on the anhydrous-ashless initial state (waf), activated carbon (AC) is obtained in an amount between a minimum of 0.02 units of mass and a maximum of 0.1 units of mass. Activate d carbon (AG) and hot product gas (PH) are taken from the gasification zone (ZV), introduced into the cooling zone (ZK), and co-cooled in the cooling zone (ZK) at the third technological stage (14). The process gas temperature (PH) in the cooling zone (ZK) remains above the lower limit temperature, which is higher than the dew point temperature of the product gas (PH). The adsorption process occurring during the combined cooling of the activated carbon (AG) and the product gas (PH) leads to the fact that during cooling the resin from the hot product gas (PH) is deposited on the activated carbon (AC). Due to this, after the third technological stage (14), a purified gas (PR, PA) is obtained, which essentially does not contain resin. The resin-enriched activated carbon (AC) can be at least partially burned to heat the heating zone (ZE) and/or the gasification zone (ZV). EFFECT: capability to process various biogenic waste, regardless of the particle size, increased process efficiency, reduced heat losses. 15 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 749 040 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/02 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) C10K 1/32 ( ...

Waste treatment method and gasification and melting and combustion equipment

由用于撞击流加压气化的生物质生产和制备快速热解产物的方法

本发明涉及由用于撞击流(Flugstrom)加压气化的生物质生产和制备快速热解产物的方法，包括，在排除氧气的条件下在热解反应器中加热生物质，其中调节温度在400－600℃之间至多50秒，生物质反应生成多孔热解焦炭，热解冷凝物和热解气，导出热解气以及在若干个冷凝阶段，冷凝热解冷凝物的蒸汽形式的成分，其中，在每个冷凝阶段中都分离经冷凝的成分。本发明的任务在于改善该方法，从而减小热解冷凝物和/或淤浆在进入撞击流加压气化器之前的不希望的脱混危险。该任务的解决方法在于在第一冷凝阶段在温度为水的露点之上时，分离出焦炭－冷凝物混合物，在至少一个接下来的冷凝阶段中在温度为0到90℃之间时冷凝和分离出被称为焦油后水的含氧有机化合物的水溶液。

Gasification method of solid fuel, and once-through gas generator

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: method is implemented in once-through gas generator containing fuel bunker 14 for fuel subject to gasification, and at least one combustion chamber 32 by means of pyrolysis, at which fuel is decomposed into pyrolysis products, and further gasification, at which pyrolysis products are gasified to gas. Heat transfer from combustion chamber to fuel bunker is restricted to reduce the fuel heating before the beginning of pyrolysis stage using cooling channel 18 for movement of such medium, as gasification air. Upper surface of cooling channel 18 is formed with upper covering 16a of once-through gas generator, above which fuel bunker 14 is arranged, and lower surface is formed with lower covering 16b of once-through gas generator, under which combustion chamber 32 is located. EFFECT: invention allows preventing heat transfer from combustion chamber to fuel bunker. 14 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 470 990 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10J C10J C10B C10B 3/66 (2006.01) 3/74 (2006.01) 49/06 (2006.01) 53/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2009106570/05, 23.05.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 23.05.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ГасЕК Ой (FI) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 25.05.2007 FI 20075374 (72) Автор(ы): КАНГАСОЯ Эро (FI) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.03.2011 Бюл. № 8 2 4 7 0 9 9 0 (45) Опубликовано: 27.12.2012 Бюл. № 36 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: DE 10200180 А1, 24.07.2003. RU 2241904 С1, 10.12.2004. DE 3509341 С1, 27.02.1986. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 10.09.2009 2 4 7 0 9 9 0 R U (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2008/145814 (04.12.2008) C 2 C 2 (86) Заявка PCT: FI 2008/050300 (23.05.2008) Адрес для переписки: 191186, Санкт-Петербург, а/я 230, "АРСПАТЕНТ", пат. пов. В.В.Дощечкиной (54) СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА И ПРЯМОТОЧНЫЙ ...

Method and device for using oxygen in biomass steam reforming

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: device for using oxygen for the thermochemical gasification of a biomass in a reactor with a fluidised bed. The fluidised bed of the reactor with the fluidised bed comprises a heating element. The reactor with the fluidised bed is configured to heat by the partial oxidation of a combustible gas with oxygen. EFFECT: invention enables making pure oxygen applicable for biomass steam reforming with a low ash fusion point. 23 cl, 13 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 555 889 C2 (51) МПК C10B 47/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012112833/05, 03.09.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.09.2010 (72) Автор(ы): ТЕТЦЛАФ Карл-Хайнц (DE) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТЕТЦЛАФ Карл-Хайнц (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.10.2013 Бюл. № 28 R U 03.09.2009 DE 102009039920.8 (45) Опубликовано: 10.07.2015 Бюл. № 19 2001235129 A, 31.08.2001. US 4982068 A, 01.01.1991. RU 2144494 C1, 20.01.2000 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 03.04.2012 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 5 5 8 8 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 3341648 A, 12.09.1967. JP 2 5 5 5 8 8 9 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: C 2 C 2 EP 2010/005408 (03.09.2010) WO 2011/026630 (10.03.2011) Адрес для переписки: 109012, Москва, ул. Ильинка, 5/2, ООО "Союзпатент" (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КИСЛОРОДА ПРИ ПАРОРЕФОРМИНГЕ БИОМАССЫ (57) Реферат: Устройство для использовании кислорода для возможностью нагрева посредством частичного термохимической газификации биомассы в окисления горючего газа кислородом. реакторе с псевдоожиженным слоем. В Изобретение обеспечивает возможность чистый псевдоожиженном слое реактора с кислород сделать пригодным для псевдоожиженным слоем располагается парореформинга биомассы с низкой точкой нагревательный элемент. Реактор с плавления золы. 2 н. и 21 з.п. ф-лы, 13 ил. ...

Method and device for gasification of combustion material in fluidized-bed furnace

FIELD: gasification of combustible materials, such as wastes, coal, etc. for production of combustible gas containing large amount of combustible materials sufficient for melting ash under action of their own heat. SUBSTANCE: fluidized-bed furnace 2 has form of approximately round horizontal cross section. Movable bed 9 where fluidized medium settles and gets sprayed is formed in central zone of furnace and fluidized bed 10 where fluidized medium is intensively fluidized is formed in peripheral zone of furnace. Fluidized medium turns in upper portion of movable bed 9 form upper portion of fluidized bed 10, circulating in both beds. Combustible material 11 is molten in upper portion of movable bed 9 and is gasified forming combustible gas during circulation together with fluidized medium. Amount of oxygen fed to fluidized-bed furnace 2 corresponds to amount of oxygen contained in air which is no more than 30% of theoretical amount of air required for combustion. Temperature of fluidized bed 10 is set between 450 and 650 C owing to which combustible gas contains considerable amount of combustible materials. Combustible gas and small particles formed in fluidized-bed furnace 2 are fed to furnace for burning the molten mass where they are burnt at high temperature at which ash gets molten. EFFECT: forming combustible gas at high efficiency. 22 cl, 14 dwg Оз гс ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК ВИ” 2138 730. 13) Сл Е 23 С 11/02 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 95103554/06, 09.03.1995 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 09.03.1995 (30) Приоритет: 10.03.1994 /Р 65439/1994 15.04.1994 УР 101541/1994 09.02.1995 УР 22000/1995 (46) Дата публикации: 27.09.1999 (56) Ссылки: УР 2-147692 А, 06.06.90. ЗЦ 1686259 АЛ, 23.10.91. $Ц 1451456 АЛ, 15.01.89. $4 1343182 АД, 07.10.87. 5Ц 1258334 АЗ, 15.09.86. ОЕ 3115236 А, 30.04.83. (98) Адрес для переписки: 121087, Москва, а/я 33, Патентному поверенному Курышеву В. ...

Method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification

一种通过气化处理废物的方法，该方法能回收包括能量、有价值材料如金属的有用资源，以及用作化工原料或燃料的气体。在较低的温度下，在流化床反应器中气化废物，将在流化床反应器中生成的气态物质和焦炭引入高温焚烧炉中，以及在较高的温度下，在高温焚烧炉中生产低热量气体或中热量气体。流化床反应器包括一个回转流动式流化床反应器，高温焚烧炉包括一个旋流式高温焚烧炉。

A method for the production of one or more olefins, an olefin, and a polymer

The present invention describes a method for the production of one or more olefins from the residue of at least one renewable natural raw material. The present invention is advantageously related to a method that is integrated with a processing method for processing renewable natural agricultural raw materials for the production of propylene, and optionally of ethylene and butylene, mainly from the residues of the processed renewable natural agricultural raw material. The propylene is obtained from the gasification reaction of the lignocellulosic materials and of other organic products contained in the raw material residues, followed by the formation of methanol and its subsequent transformation into propylene, where this route may further generate ethylene and/or butylene as by-products.

Method and device for biomass pyrolysis and gasification using two intercommunicated kilns

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: solid high heat capacity particles are used as heat carrier while saturated water steam is used as an oxidiser. First, biomass is subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis at 500-800°C to produce unpurified synthetic gas not containing alkaline metal oxides and coke. Then said unpurified synthetic gas and coke are subjected to high-temperature gasification at 1200-1600°C to produce synthetic gas not containing resin. Produced synthetic gas is cooled, de-dusted, deoxidised and dewatered. Proposed device comprises gasification kiln and pyrolysis kiln arranged one on the other. Note here that their chambers are communicated. Besides it comprises heater of particles, heater with plasma flame, draught fan, first heat exchanger, water tank for production of saturated water steam, water feed pump, second heat exchanger, dust catcher, deoxidiser tower and dewatering device. EFFECT: synthetic gas of high efficiency and calorific value with no resin of alkaline metal oxides. 12 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/66 (11) (13) 2 515 307 C1 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013107366/05, 06.07.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 06.07.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ТАН Хунмин (CN), ЧЖАН Яньфын (CN), ЧЭНЬ Илун (CN) 20.07.2010 CN 201010234122.9 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2014 Бюл. № 13 2333929 C1, 20.09.2008; . RU 2272064 C2, 20.03.2006; . US 2008307703 A1, 18.12.2008. CN 101503177 A, 12.08.2009. EP 0921182 A1, 09.06.1999 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 20.02.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 1 5 3 0 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2189310 C2, 20.09.2002; . RU R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): САНШАЙН КАЙДИ НЬЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ ГРУП КО., ЛТД. (CN) 2 5 1 5 3 0 7 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: C 1 C 1 CN 2011/076917 (06.07.2011) WO 2012/010058 (26.01.2012) ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOMASS GASIFICATION

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2019 113 507 A (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2019113507, 10.10.2017 (71) Заявитель(и): ВС-ВЕРМЕПРОЦЕССТЕХНИК ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 12.10.2016 EP 16193586.1 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 13.05.2019 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 13.11.2020 Бюл. № 32 (72) Автор(ы): ВЮННИНГ, Йоахим Г. (DE), ВЮННИНГ, Йоахим А. (DE) (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2018/069320 (19.04.2018) A Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр. 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Способ (10) для газификации биомассы (В), причем биомасса (В) подается в устройство (11) для газификации, причем из введенной биомассы (В) в первой технологической стадии (12, 12i, 12ii) получается неочищенный газ (R) и углеродсодержащий остаток (RK), причем углеродсодержащий остаток (RK) подвергается частичной газификации с газообразными компонентами неочищенного газа (R) во второй технологической стадии (13) в зоне (ZV) газификации, в результате чего образуется активированный уголь (АК) и горячий продуктовый газ (РН), причем на единицу массы введенной биомассы (В), в расчете на безводно-беззольное исходное состояние (waf), активированный уголь (АК) в количестве между минимально 0,02 единицы массы и максимально 0,1 единицы массы, и горячий продуктовый газ (РН), к которым привела введенная биомасса (В), отбираются из зоны (ZV) газификации, вводятся в зону (ZK) охлаждения, и в зоне (ZK) охлаждения в третьей технологической стадии (14) совместно охлаждаются так, что происходит адсорбционный процесс, при котором активированный уголь (АК) во время охлаждения обогащается смолой из горячего продуктового газа (РН). 2. Способ по п. 1, причем продуктовый газ (РН) и активированный уголь (МАК2) в третьей технологической стадии (14) для адсорбционного ...

Biomass double furnace cracking and gasification technology and device

一种生物质双炉连体裂解气化工艺及其设备。该工艺利用高热容量固态颗粒作为能量载体、利用饱和水蒸汽作为氧化剂，先在500～800℃对生物质进行低温裂解，获得不含碱金属氧化物的粗合成气和焦炭；再在1200～1600℃对粗合成气和焦炭进行高温气化，获得不含焦油成份的初合成气，最后对初合成气进行冷却、除尘、脱酸和干燥处理，即可获得高品质的净合成气。其设备包括从下到上内腔连通布置的裂解炉和气化炉，循环布置的颗粒加热器、等离子炬加热器、抽风机和第一热交换器，制作饱和水蒸汽的储水箱、输水泵和第二热交换器，以及除尘器、除酸塔和干燥器。其工艺易于控制、能耗和投资低廉、冷煤气效率高、所产生合成气热值大、能根除焦油和碱金属化合物、可大型化连续生产。

Device for thermochemical harmonisation and gasification of wet biomass and its application

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of power carrier and/or stock carrier from water-containing and/or dry biomass. Invention covers the device for thermochemical carbonation and gasification of wet biomass and its application. This device comprises carbonation heated reactor wherein biomass is converted into solid, liquid or gaseous power carrier and/or stock carrier. Converted biomass is directed via closing outlet into cooling tank for temporary store of power carrier and/or stock carrier, said tank being connected with carbonation reactor. Cooling tank is connected with gasification heated reactor wherein gas and wastes like ash are separated from power carrier. Carbonation reactor is enclosed in heating jacket for feed of heat power and extra heat power from gasification reactor. Energy of cooling from cooling tank is fed to gasification reactor cooling jacket. Water is fed to cooling reactor to allow a continuous working cycle. Reaction gas is fed from carbonation reactor and/or cooling tank into gas store vessel. EFFECT: production of all carbon from biomass gases, ruled out critical reaction products as gases and evaporation via combustion in gasification reaction. 12 cl, 4 dwg, 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/26 C10J 3/66 (11) (13) 2 562 112 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012151909/10, 14.02.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.02.2011 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕМИР Эльхан (DE) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЦББ ГМБХ (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2011 (45) Опубликовано: 10.09.2015 Бюл. № 25 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 05.07.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: DE 2011/075023 (14.02.2011) 2 5 6 2 1 1 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: DE 10 2008047201 A1, 15.04.2010. WO2010063206 A1, 10. ...

Production of fuel gas and synthetic gas from pyrolyzed product

(57)【要約】 （修正有） 【課題】燃料ガスとともに灰を取り出すことなく、熱分 解コークスの炭素反応度９９％以上を達成し、ガス発生 設備での熱分解固体の循環なしに鉱物成分を溶かし、噴 流法溶解室燃焼段階及び気化段階を維持する、燃料及び 残廃棄物熱分解からの任意生成物量分布での燃料ガス／ 合成ガス産出方法を提案する。 【解決手段】燃焼段階と気化段階をもつ気化ユニットの 燃焼段階が内側の冷却遮熱部を有し、熱分解コークス、 空気または酸素及び水蒸気（気化手段）供給部を有する 溶解室炉とり、酸化条件下に固体熱分解生成物の鉱物成 分の融解温度以上で運転し、燃焼段階の上方に配置した 気化ステージで熱分解ガスと液体状生成物とが燃焼段階 の煙道ガスによりまた必要な気化手段を付加して熱分解 生成物の鉱物成分の融点以下、還元条件下に気化し、ま た発熱量及び各熱分解生成物質量分布、気化段階の吸熱 に比べた燃焼段階の発熱量に依存して、両段階の必要温 度を保つため液状生成物を燃焼段階に供給して気化手段 の新たな付加で燃焼させる方法。

Method and device for producing low-tar synthesis gas from biomass

本发明涉及一种通过生物质制造合成气的方法。用现有的方法合成气具有高焦油含量或者需要很高的温度来玻璃状地熔化灰，而且这些灰不能作为矿物肥料使用。本发明的目的在于，避免现有技术中的缺点，并且高效地制造高价值的合成气。通过本发明的方法，在合成气(15a)中的焦油含量由此降低，即生物质(1)在第一流化床反应器(3)中分解为热解气体和热解焦炭，并且引至至少另一个的流化床反应器(11)中，其中焦油在较高的温度中催化分解为进一步无焦油的热解焦炭，而无需超过灰熔点。根据本发明的方法能够制造尽可能无焦油的合成气。

Method for processing of material including aluminium and plastic

FIELD: processing of waste materials including combinations of aluminium and plastic. SUBSTANCE: method for processing of material including combinations of aluminium and plastic, for example, bottle caps having a plastic coating, consists in pyrolysis of plastic in an inert atmosphere by heating to a temperature of about 550 C and cracking of gases or vapors that are released in the process of pyrolysis, reburning of coke remaining on aluminium in the process of pyrolysis is accomplished. The invention provides for a device for processing of material including combinations of aluminium and plastic, containing a means for pyrolysis, provided with a heater for heating to a temperature equal approximately to 550 C, charging devices for bottle caps with a plastic coating that are to be processed, and a discharging device of aluminium material. The device is provided with a device for reburning of coke residues adhered to aluminium material connected to the device for unloading of the means for pyrolysis made in the form of a drum. EFFECT: produced closed cycle of processing of old bottle cap and production of new aluminium caps with a plastic coating. 10 cl, 1 dwg огсезгс пы сэ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ "” 2 189 310 '” С2 (51) МПК? В 29 В 17/00, С 40В 53/00, Е 23 С 5/027/В 29 К 105:22, В 291 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 99128040/12, 29.05.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 29.05.1998 (30) Приоритет: 30.05.1997 МЕ 1006179 (46) Дата публикации: 20.09.2002 (56) Ссылки: УР 56-133432 А, 19.10.1981. КЦ 94031022 А, 10.07.1996. КЦ 2081372 СЛ, 10.06.1997. 4$ 3650830 А, 21.03.1972. ОЕ 3909696 АЛ, 27.09.1990. МАКАРОВ В.М. и др. Использование амортизированных шин и отходов производства резиновых изделий. - Л.: Химия, 1986, с.215-218. АЛЕКСЕЕВ Г.М. и др. Индустриальные методы санитарной очистки городов. Л.: Стройиздат, 1983, с.19-21, 9-15. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 30.12. ...

Combination hydroconversion, fluid coking and gasification

A combination slurry hydroconversion, coking and coke gasification process is provided wherein solid fines having an average particle size of less than 10 microns in diameter or the ashes thereof recovered from a gaseous product derived from the coke gasification are used as a catalyst in the hydroconversion stage.

Waste sorting and power generation tail gas recycle reutilization system

本发明公开了废弃物分选及发电尾气回收再利用系统，包括：废弃物预处理装置、合成气生产装置、燃气发电装置和废水处理装置，所述废水处理装置包含无机质废水处理部以及有机质废水处理部，其中，废弃物预处理装置与合成气生产装置连接，合成气生产装置分别与燃气发电装置和发电后的尾气通过第二热交换机回收再利用系统连接。本发明的废弃物分选及发电尾气回收再利用系统结构简单、充分处理废弃物，并利用处理废弃物过程中物质进行发电，废物利用并对环境无害。

Technology and device for obtaining synthesis gas from biomass by pyrolysis

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: to obtain synthesis-gas from biomass performed is preliminary processing of biomass, including biomass crushing until particles with size 1-6 mm are obtained and drying raw material to moisture 10-20 wt %. After that, pyrolysis of biomass is carried out by means of fast pyrolysis technology, with temperature of pyrolysis layer being 400-600°C, and time of location of gaseous phase on pyrolysis layer being 0.5-5 s. Product of pyrolysis layer is pyrolysis gas and coal powder. Pyrolysis gas is separated from coal powder and solid heat carrier by means of cyclone separator. After that, coal powder and solid heat carrier are separated in separator to separate solid phases, coal powder is charged into coal powder bin for accumulation, solid heat carrier is heated in chamber of boiling layer heating and solid heat carrier is supplied to pyrolysis layer for re-use. After that, pyrolysis gas is supplied to condensate accumulator to condense aerosol and condensation of condensable part of pyrolysis gas is carried out to form bio-oil, after that formed bio-oil is pumped by high pressure oil pump and supplied to gasification furnace for gasification. One part of non-condensed pyrolysis gas is supplied on combustion layer for combustion with air, and the other part of non-condensed pyrolysis gas is supplied on pyrolysis layer as fluidising medium. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase gasification effectiveness, stability and reliability of installation for obtaining synthesis gas from biomass. 9 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 6 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10J 3/66 C10B 53/02 C10B 57/10 C10B 49/22 C01B 3/36 (13) 2 519 441 C1 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012144796/05, 23.03.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 23.03.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (45) Опубликовано: 10.06.2014 ...

Method and device for pyrolysis and gasification of waste

FIELD: method and device for pyrolysis and gasification of waste, in particular, of peculiar and/or dangerous waste. SUBSTANCE: the method includes the operation of gasification and melting, operation of treatment of the obtained gases, as well as the operation of vitrification, in which the mentioned operations provide for the following stages: (a) the material under treatment us gasified at a temperature within 1300 to 1500C during a time interval within 3 to 15 seconds and melted during 5 to 30 minutes at an absolute absence of air, with production of a mixture of combustible gases, noncombustible gases and inert gases by means at least of two operations of gasification carried out successively during which the temperature is maintained constant with the aid at least of one thermal lance during any of gasification operations; (b) the mixture of so obtained combustible and noncombustible gases is subjected to cleaning and treatment for energy recovery; (c) liberation of inert gases or inorganic and mineral compounds in the vitrified state. The device for realization of such a method is also described. EFFECT: provided complete transformation of waste into a pure energy and products suitable for use. 22 cl, 5 dwg, 2 ex 2227251 Сс 2 КО РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) РЦ ПО эм дв а (13) Сс2 хх < < © . Онубликовано на СО-ВОМ: МРУМОЗА КЕО 2004004 — МЕЕр2004004 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ ММАА - Досрочное прекращение действия патента СССР или патента Российской Федерации на изобретение из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе (21) Регистрационный номер заявки: 2002101479 Дата прекращения действия патента: 12.07.2008 Извещение опубликовано: 20.07.2010 БИ: 20/2010 Стр.: 1 раслессс ПЧ с»

METHOD FOR TRANSFORMING CARBON MATERIALS INTO ENERGY GASES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS (OPTIONS), METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIQUID FUEL (OPTIONS), INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING GAS SYNTHESIS (SYNTHESIS)

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (11) 2007 108 085 (13) A (51) ÌÏÊ C01B 3/34 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2007108085/15, 04.08.2004 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): Çå Ðèäæåíòñ îô çè Þíèâåñèòè îô Êýëèôîíüå (US) (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 03.08.2004 US 10/911,348 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.09.2008 Áþë. ¹ 25 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2006/022687 (02.03.2006) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 127055, Ìîñêâà, à/ 11, ïàò.ïîâ. Í.Ê.Ïîïåëåíñêîìó, ðåã. N 31 R U ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÑÈÍÒÅÇ-ÃÀÇÀ (ÂÀÐÈÀÍÒÛ), ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÆÈÄÊÎÃÎ ÒÎÏËÈÂÀ (ÂÀÐÈÀÍÒÛ), ÓÑÒÀÍÎÂÊÀ ÄËß ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÑÈÍÒÅÇ-ÃÀÇÀ (ÂÀÐÈÀÍÒÛ) (57) Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá ïðåâðàùåíè óãëåðîäèñòûõ ìàòåðèàëîâ â ýíåðãåòè÷åñêèå ãàçû, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë ïîìåùàþò â âîäó è çàòåì íàãðåâàþò óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë è âîäó â ïðèñóòñòâèè âîäîðîäà ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå è äàâëåíèè, äîñòàòî÷íûõ äë îáðàçîâàíè áîãàòûõ ìåòàíîì è ìîíîîêèñüþ óãëåðîäà ýíåðãåòè÷åñêèõ ãàçîâ. 2. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, â êîòîðîì íàãðåâ ïðîèçâîä ò ïðè òåìïåðàòóðå ïðèìåðíî îò 580 äî 790°Ñ. 3. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, â êîòîðîì íàãðåâ ïðîèçâîä ò ïðè äàâëåíèè ïðèìåðíî îò 910 äî 3861 êÏà. 4. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë èìååò íîìèíàëüíûé ðàçìåð ÷àñòèö, ðàâíûé â äèàìåòðå îêîëî 1 ìì. 5. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.1, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé ìàòåðèàë, âûáðàííûé èç ãðóïïû, âêëþ÷àþùåé â ñåá ãîðîäñêèå îòõîäû, áèîìàññó, äðåâåñèíó, óãîëü èëè íàòóðàëüíûå èëè ñèíòåòè÷åñêèå ïîëèìåðû èëè èõ ñìåñè. 6. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.5, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé áèîìàññó. 7. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.5, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé ãîðîäñêèå îòõîäû, ñîäåðæàùèå äðåâåñèíó èëè íàòóðàëüíûå èëè ñèíòåòè÷åñêèå ïîëèìåðû. 8. Ñïîñîá ïî ï.5, â êîòîðîì óãëåðîäèñòûé ìàòåðèàë ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé äðåâåñèíó èëè íàòóðàëüíûå èëè ñèíòåòè÷åñêèå ïîëèìåðû. 9. Ñïîñîá ïîëó÷åíè ñèíòåç-ãàçà, â êîòîðîì ïåðåðàáîòêó áîãàòûõ ìåòàíîì è ìîíîîêèñüþ óãëåðîäà ýíåðãåòè÷åñêèõ ãàçîâ, ïîëó÷åííûõ ñïîñîáîì ïî ï.1, ...

Reactor and method for gasifying and melting materials

Reactor for producing generator gas