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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 1274. Отображено 100.
12-01-2012 дата публикации

Methods and Compositions for the Recombinant Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Esters

Номер: US20120009636A1
Автор: Christian Perry Ridley, Dan Eric Robertson, David Arthur Berry, Frank Anthony Skraly, Martha Sholl, Noubar Boghos Afeyan, Regina Wilpiszeski
Принадлежит: Joule Unlimited Technologies Inc

The present disclosure identifies methods and compositions for modifying photoautotrophic organisms, such that the organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into compounds such as esters and fatty acids. In certain embodiments, the compounds produced are secreted into the medium used to culture the organisms.

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Номер записи: 1
05-04-2012 дата публикации

Method of producing biodiesel from a wet biomass

Номер: US20120079760A1
Автор: Phillip E. Savage, Robert Levine, Tanawan Pinnarat
Принадлежит: University of Michigan

A method of producing a biodiesel from a wet biomass is provided. The method includes providing the wet biomass that includes water and biomass solids. The method also includes heating the wet biomass at a first temperature and a first pressure for a time period ranging from 10 to 480 minutes to form an aqueous solution and a solid agglomerate containing a hydrolyzed lipid component. The method also includes step of transesterifying the hydrolyzed lipid component to form biodiesel.

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Номер записи: 2
31-05-2012 дата публикации

High cetane renewable fuels

Номер: US20120132183A1
Автор: Edward T. CASEY, Gary Clyde GUNTER, Matthew J. TRUITT, Thomasin C. Miller
Принадлежит: ConocoPhillips Co

A method for reducing the emissions of a diesel engine using a RHE-diesel fuel.

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Номер записи: 3
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Methodology of post-transesterification processing of biodiesel resulting in high purity fame fractions and new fuels

Номер: US20120174473A1
Автор: Duane Johnson
Принадлежит: GREEN FUELS Ltd

A methodology for separation and subsequent handling of FAME fractions of biodiesel, comprising of the steps, providing a biodiesel containing several different FAME fractions mixed together, the biodiesel being at a first temperature wherein at the first temperature none of the FAME fractions of the biodiesel have crystallized; bringing the biodiesel to a first crystallizing temperature, wherein when the biodiesel reaches the first crystallizing temperature, a first FAME fraction remains in a non-crystallized, liquid phase while the remaining FAME fractions crystallize; and separating the liquid first FAME fraction from the remaining crystallized FAME fractions.

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Номер записи: 4
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Composition to improve cold flow properties of fuel oils

Номер: US20120174474A1
Автор: Jane Nenito, Jian Mike Liu, Markus Weber, Rene Koschabek, Ronny Sondjaja, Torsten Stoehr
Принадлежит: Evonik RohMax Additives GmbH

The present invention describes a composition comprising at least one polyalkyl(meth)acrylate polymer having a number average molecular weight Mn of from 1000 to 10000 g/mol and a polydispersity Mw/Mn of from 1 to 8 and at least one ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer comprising units being derived from at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate having 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue. The composition is useful as cold flow improver in fossil fuel oil and or biodiesel fuel oil.

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Номер записи: 5
22-11-2012 дата публикации

Method

Номер: US20120297507A1
Автор: Franck Michoux, James Gerard Mccarthy, Peter Nixon
Принадлежит: IMPERIAL INNOVATIONS LTD

A method for producing leafy biomass from undifferentiated plant cells, the method comprising providing undifferentiated plant cells, contacting them with an agent that promotes differentiation of the cells into leafy tissue and growing the cells in a temporary liquid immersion culture system. This method of the invention may be used to produce polypeptides, and natural medicinal products, and can be used to capture carbon dioxide. A method of producing a polypeptide in plant cells in vitro comprising: providing undifferentiated plant cells containing chloroplasts that carry a transgenic nucleic acid molecule encoding the polypeptide, wherein the plant cells display homoplastomy; and propagating the cells according to the above method to produce leafy biomass containing the polypeptide.

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Номер записи: 6
07-02-2013 дата публикации

Diesel fuel compositions for high pressure fuel systems

Номер: US20130031827A1
Автор: Jacqueline Reid, Simon Mulqueen, Vincent Burgess
Принадлежит: Innospec Ltd

A diesel fuel composition comprising, as an additive, a quaternary ammonium salt formed by the reaction of a compound of formula (A): and a compound formed by the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine of formula (B1) or (B2): wherein R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R 1 is a C 1 to C 22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R 2 and R 3 are the same or different alkyl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; X is an alkylene group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; n is from 0 to 20; m is from 1 to 5; and R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 22 alkyl group.

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Номер записи: 7
14-02-2013 дата публикации

Fuel compositions and fuel thickeners, including monoglycerides

Номер: US20130040249A1
Автор: Daniel Perlman
Принадлежит: Perlman Consulting LLC

Various aspects of the present invention generally relate to the field of rheologically modified fuels, including hydrocarbon, hydrophobic, and/or liquid fuels such as alkane-based odorless mineral spirits, paraffin oil and biofuels such as mono-alkyl esters of medium to long chain (C 8 -C 18 ) fatty acids, that have been thickened or gelled, e.g., by precipitation of fatty acid monoglycerides such as glyceryl monostearate and glyceryl monopalmitate. A thickened fire lighting fuel composition is described in some embodiments which includes a hydrocarbon- or alkyl ester-based hydrophobic liquid fuel, and an effective amount of at least one saturated fatty acid monoglyceride. The monoglyceride may be thermo-precipitated in certain instances in the fuel composition causing a substantial increase in the viscosity of the fuel composition.

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Номер записи: 8
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Dye-stable biofuel blend compositions

Номер: US20130104447A1
Автор: Marc-Andre Poirier
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

The disclosure relates to a dye-stable furnace fuel composition comprising: about 10 to 99 parts by volume of a mineral oil component having an effective boiling range from about 160° C. to about 380° C.; about 1 to 90 parts by volume of a biocomponent fuel component comprising C 1 -C 5 alkyl esterified fatty acids from renewable sources; one or more azo dye components present in an amount from about 0.5 mg/kg to about 5 mg/kg, relative to the total fuel composition; and a tert-butyl-functionalized hydroquinone antioxidant component present in an amount of at least about 50 vppm, relative to the fuel composition, wherein the fuel composition exhibits an increased dye stability, relative to a fuel composition having similar mineral oil and biocomponent fuel components and identical azo dye component(s), but having a different or no antioxidant component.

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Номер записи: 9
03-10-2013 дата публикации

Process for preparing biodiesel from renewable grease with lipase as catalyst and online dehydration

Номер: US20130260428A1
Автор: Dehua Liu, Luole Zhu, Wei Du, Xuebing Zhao
Принадлежит: TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY

Disclosed is a process for preparing biodiesel from renewable oil and fat catalyzed by lipase with online dehydration. The method uses a short chain alcohol ROH as an acyl-acceptor, and utilizes a lipase as the catalyst to catalyze transesterification reaction of oil and fat feedstock with said short chain alcohol, so as to synthesize biodiesel; and online dehydration with a membrane or a molecular sieve is carried out during the whole process or part of the reaction process. Such online dehydration process greatly simplifies the operation procedure, and provides good economic and environmental benefits.

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Номер записи: 10
06-01-2022 дата публикации

EMULSIFER AND EMULSIONS

Номер: US20220002628A1
Автор: Redman James
Принадлежит:

There is provided an emulsifier comprising at least one Cto Cfatty acid diethanolamide, at least one Cto Cfatty acid, at least one Cto Calcohol ethoxylate and optionally at least one sorbitan ester and/or at least one alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether. There is additionally provided emulsions comprising a fuel, water and an emulsifier and methods of producing emulsions. 1. An composition comprising:at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid; and{'sub': '6', 'at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate;'}wherein the composition is useful as an emulsifier.2. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel, biodiesel and heavy fuel oil;less than or equal to 30 wt % water{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'from 0.5 to 15 wt % of the emulsifier of .'}3. A composition according to comprising:60-90 wt % of the at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;2-10 wt % of the at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid; and{'sub': '6', '5-20 wt % of the at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate.'}4. An composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said emulsifier does not comprise naphtha.5. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel and heavy fuel oil, wherein the fuel does not contain any bio-components;less than or equal to 20 wt % water; andthe emulsifier,wherein the emulsifier:water volume ratio is from 1.5:1 to 1:2.9,wherein the composition is a nanemulsion.6. A composition according to comprising:50-75 wt % of the at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;2-10 wt % of the at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid;{'sub': '6', '5-20 wt % of the at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate; and'}10-40 wt % of at least one sorbitan esters.7. A composition according to claim 6 , wherein said emulsifier does not comprise naphtha.8. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel, ...

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Номер записи: 11
06-01-2022 дата публикации

Compositions for Engine Carbon Removal and Methods and Apparatus for Removing Carbon

Номер: US20220003163A1
Автор: Thoma Steven G., Thompson Bernie C.
Принадлежит:

The testing of various chemicals has yielded new chemicals and chemical mixtures for the use of removing carbon deposits from the internal combustion engine. Some of these chemicals and chemical mixtures have proven to work better across many different carbon types than other chemicals that were tested. These chemical terpenes are typically produced from plants. One standard terpene mixture is known as turpentine. The chemical turpentine and chemicals found in turpentine have been determined, through our research and testing, to be extremely effective at removing the carbon that is produced within the internal combustion engine. 1. A method of removing existing carbonaceous deposits from an internal combustion engine with a fuel additive; the engine including an induction system , one or more cylinders , and an exhaust system; the carbonaceous deposits are of the type built up over time during the operation of the engine (hereinafter referred to as “carbon deposits”); the method including the steps of:selecting a terpene;blending the selected terpene with the fuel used to run the engine, the percentage of the terpene in the fuel stock being sufficient to solubilize carbon deposits;running the engine;utilizing the terpene in the fuel stock to solubilize at least some the carbon deposits in at least one of the induction system, cylinders and exhaust system;removing the solubilized carbon deposits while the engine is running; andburning the solubilized and removed carbon deposits with the fuel stock in the cylinders as part of the normal combustion process.2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the terpene is selected from the group of oil of turpentine (TPT) claim 1 , y-terpinene (y-T) claim 1 , p-cymene (p-C) claim 1 , terpinolene (TO) claim 1 , alpha-pinene (A-p) claim 1 , (−)-beta-pinene (b-p) claim 1 , camphene (ch) claim 1 , 3-carene (3-c) claim 1 , R-(+)-limonene claim 1 , and S-(−)-limonene.3. The method as set forth in claim 2 , wherein the fuel stock ...

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Номер записи: 12
07-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS FROM PLANT LIPIDS

Номер: US20160002566A1
Автор: El Tahchy Anna, Leita Benjamin Aldo, Liu Qing, Petrie James Robertson, Reynolds Kyle, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to methods of producing industrial products from plant lipids, particularly from vegetative parts of plants. In particular, the present invention provides oil products such as biodiesel and synthetic diesel and processes for producing these, as well as plants having an increased level of one or more non-polar lipids such as triacylglycerols and an increased total non-polar lipid content. In one particular embodiment, the present invention relates to combinations of modifications in two or more of lipid handling enzymes, oil body proteins, decreased lipid catabolic enzymes and/or transcription factors regulating lipid biosynthesis to increase the level of one or more non-polar lipids and/or the total non-polar lipid content and/or mono-unsaturated fatty acid content in plants or any part thereof. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for extracting lipids. In another embodiment, the lipid is converted to one or more hydrocarbon products in harvested plant vegetative parts to produce alkyl esters of the fatty acids which are suitable for use as a renewable biodiesel fuel. 2. The process of claim 1 , which is characterised by one or more or all of:(i) the vegetative plant parts have a dry weight of at least 1 kg,(ii) the vegetative plant parts have a total non-polar lipid content of at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, or between 30% and 75% on a dry weight basis,(iii) the composition has a solids concentration between 5% and 90%(iv) the catalysts comprises NaOH or KOH or both, preferably at a concentration of 0.1M to 2M,(v) the treatment time is between 1 and 60 minutes, preferably between 10 and 60 minutes, preferably between 15 and 30 minutes,(vi) if the solvent is water the process produces a yield of the oil product between a minimum of 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% or 40% and a maximum of 55% or 60% by weight relative to the dry weight of the vegetative plant parts,(vii) if the ...

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Номер записи: 13
05-01-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING LEAFY BIOMASS

Номер: US20170002373A1
Автор: McCarthy James, Michoux Franck, NIXON Peter
Принадлежит:

A method for producing leafy biomass from undifferentiated plant cells, the method comprising providing undifferentiated plant cells, contacting them with an agent that promotes differentiation of the cells into leafy tissue and growing the cells in a temporary liquid immersion culture system. This method of the invention may be used to produce polypeptides, and natural medicinal products, and can be used to capture carbon dioxide. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for producing leafy biomass from undifferentiated plant cells , the method comprising providing undifferentiated plant cells , contacting them with an agent that promotes differentiation of the cells into leafy tissue and growing the cells in a temporary liquid immersion culture system.18Arabidopsis.. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the plant cells are cells from a monocotyledon which is corn claim 17 , rye claim 17 , oat claim 17 , millet claim 17 , sugar cane claim 17 , sorghum claim 17 , maize claim 17 , wheat claim 17 , or rice claim 17 , or a dicotyledon which is tobacco claim 17 , tomato claim 17 , potato claim 17 , bean claim 17 , soybean claim 17 , carrot claim 17 , cassava claim 17 , or19AtropaHyoscyamusDaturaPapaverScopoliaDigitalisMacunaTaxusCamptothecaCephalotaxusCatharanthusArtemisia. A method according to wherein the plant cells are from a medicinal plant in which a main medicinal product is produced in the leaves claim 17 , the plant being selected sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , and sp. or sp.20MiscanthusJatrophaPanicum. A method according to wherein the plant cells are from an energy crop which is selected from sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , sp claim 17 , Willow claim 17 , Palm tree claim 17 , Maize claim 17 , Cassava claim 17 , or Poplar.21. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the agent that promotes differentiation of the cells into leafy tissue is a plant hormone.22. A ...

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Номер записи: 14
04-01-2018 дата публикации

LIQUID BIOFUEL COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20180002621A1
Автор: CASTAING Jean-Christophe, FAY Hélène, GRESSER Robert, Pavageau Bertrand, QI Ling, TADMOURI Rawad
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a liquid biofuel comprising carbonaceous material particles having a D50 ranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm suspended in a liquid biodiesel composition. 1. A liquid biofuel comprising carbonaceous material particles having a Dranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm suspended in a liquid biodiesel composition.2. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles content is of at least 10% w/w of the said biofuel.3. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles have a size distribution defined by a Dranging from 1 μm to 50 μm.4. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles provide the size distribution as follows:{'sub': '10', 'Dfrom 1 to 50 μm, and'}{'sub': '90', 'Dfrom 50 to 500 μm.'}5. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles are selected from a group consisting of a vegetal biomass claim 1 , a coal claim 1 , a coke claim 1 , a graphite claim 1 , a char claim 1 , a biocoal claim 1 , and a combination thereof.6. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles consist of a torrefied biomass.7. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid biodiesel is based on esterified fat and/or oil originating from animal claim 1 , plant claim 1 , fungi or algae.8. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid biodiesel comprises esterified palm oil.9. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , further comprising water in an amount ranging from 0.5% w/w to 25% w/w.10. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , which does not comprise any added emulsifying agent or any surfactant compound.11. A method for preparing a biodiesel-based liquid biofuel claim 1 , the method comprising using carbonaceous material particles having a Dranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm.12. The liquid biofuel according to claim 2 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles content is of at ...

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Номер записи: 15
03-01-2019 дата публикации

AVIATION FUEL COMPOSITION

Номер: US20190002778A1
Автор: Kiiski Ulla, Sandberg Kati
Принадлежит: Neste Corporation

The present invention relates to an aviation fuel composition comprising an aviation range fuel component and a diesel range fuel component originating from renewable sources, the diesel range fuel component having a cloud point of at most about −20° C. and existent gum more than about 7 mg/100 ml, wherein existent gum of the aviation fuel composition is at most about 7 mg/100 ml. 1. An aviation fuel composition comprising:a) an aviation range fuel component; andb) a diesel range fuel component of renewable origin, having a cloud point of at most about −20° C., and existent gum more than about 7 mg/100 ml, wherein existent gum of the aviation fuel composition is at most about 7 mg/100 ml.2. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component a) is selected from petroleum-based aviation range fuel claim 1 , aviation range fuel of renewable origin claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.3. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component a) complies with at least one of aviation fuel standards selected from ASTM D1655 claim 1 , ASTM D7566 and DEFSTAN 91-91.4. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component b) is paraffinic diesel produced from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products or at least one of hydrogenated fatty acid and triglyceride materials.5. The aviation fuel composition of claim 4 , wherein the paraffinic diesel is an isomerized paraffinic diesel.6. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component b) comprises:aromatic compounds in an amount of at most about 0.5 vol-%, iso-paraffins in an amount from about 80 vol-% to about 95 vol-%, the rest being n-paraffins.7. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein existent gum of component b) is at most about 15000 mg/ml.8. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:a petroleum-based diesel range fuel.9. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises up to about 20 vol-% of component b).10. The aviation fuel ...

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Номер записи: 16
13-01-2022 дата публикации

ONLINE ANALYZER FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION

Номер: US20220010219A1
Автор: Aguinaldo Maria Vanessa C., Cady Samuel J., Della Mora John, Luo Shifang, Ream Kegun L., Ring Michael H., WANG Chengrong, XU Xiaochun, Zhang Anding
Принадлежит:

Disclose is an online analyzer to monitor conversion of a biofeedstock in a first hydrotreating stage to avoid catalyst poisoning in a subsequent stage. An example method of processing a biofeedstock may comprise hydrotreating the biofeedstock by reaction with hydrogen to form a hydrotreated biofeedstock. The method may further comprise monitoring conversion of the biofeedstock in the hydrotreating with an online analyzer. 1. A method of processing a biofeedstock , comprising:hydrotreating the biofeedstock by reaction with hydrogen to form a hydrotreated biofeedstock;monitoring conversion of the biofeedstock in the hydrotreating with an online analyzer; andcontrolling recycle of the hydrotreated biofeedstock to the hydrotreating in response to the monitoring conversation of the biofeedstock.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofeedstock comprises at one component selected from the group consisting of a vegetable oil claim 1 , an animal fat claim 1 , a fish oil claim 1 , a pyrolysis oil claim 1 , algae lipid claim 1 , an algae oil claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofeedstock comprises lipid compounds.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrotreated biofeedstock comprises paraffin products.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the online analyzer comprises a spectrometer.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the online analyzer is an infrared spectrometer claim 1 , a near infrared spectrometer claim 1 , or a Raman spectrometer.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monitoring conversion of the biofeedstock comprises determining oxygen removal from the biofeedstock.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monitoring conversion comprises correlating measurements from the online analyzer with conversion of the biofeedstock.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monitoring conversion comprises measuring carbonyl group concentration in the hydrotreated biofeedstock.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the online analyzer is ...

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Номер записи: 17
20-01-2022 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS FRACTIONATION OF CRUDE TALL OIL TO REFINED TALL DIESEL

Номер: US20220017840A1
Автор: NAYDENOV Valeri
Принадлежит:

The present invention describes a process for continuous fractionation of CTO (crude tall oil) to RTD (refined tall diesel), said process comprising:—when removing a stream of TOP (tall oil pitch) the CTO is fed through at least two evaporation zones arranged in series so that one stream of CTO is fed from a first evaporation zone to a second evaporation zone, wherein a TOP stream is produced and fed from the second evaporation zone, wherein a first vapor stream is produced within the first evaporation zone and a second vapor stream is produced within the second evaporation zone and wherein there is a temperature difference of at least 10° C. between the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream; and—feeding the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream into a subsequent fractionation column to produce a stream of RTD from the fractionation column, wherein the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream are being fed to different positions, relative to the column height, in the fractionation column, where different conditions are applied to ensure suitable fractionations of a more fatty acid rich material and a more rosin rich material, respectively, and which different positions in the fractionation column are separated by packing means. 1. Process for continuous fractionation of CTO (crude tall oil) to RTD (refined tall diesel) , said process comprising:when removing a stream of TOP (tall oil pitch) the CTO is fed through at least two evaporation zones arranged in series so that one stream of CTO is fed from a first evaporation zone to a second evaporation zone, wherein a TOP stream is produced and fed from the second evaporation zone, wherein a first vapor stream is produced within the first evaporation zone and a second vapor stream is produced within the second evaporation zone and wherein there is a temperature difference of at least 10° C. between the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream; andfeeding the first vapor stream and the second ...

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Номер записи: 18
27-01-2022 дата публикации

Decarboxylative Co-Dimerization Process and Synthetic Fuels Produced Therefrom

Номер: US20220025273A1
Автор: Abhari Ramin, Green Nate
Принадлежит:

In an aspect, the application discloses a method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels where the method includes electrolysis of a mixture to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline, where the mixture includes (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, and where the renewable diesel includes terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes. 1. A method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels , the method comprisingelectrolysis of a mixture comprising (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline;wherein the renewable diesel comprises terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising hydrogenation of the renewable diesel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids comprise isobutyric acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol claim 3 , wherein the isobutanol is from a biorenewable feedstock.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol by{'sub': '2', 'dehydrogenating the isobutanol to produce isobutyraldehyde and H, and'}oxidizing the isobutyraldehyde to produce the isobutyric acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hproduced from dehydrogenating the isobutanol is separated from the isobutyraldehyde.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hfrom dehydrogenating the isobutanol is used in a hydrogenation reaction.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the renewable gasoline comprises 2 claim 1 ,3-dimethylbutane.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free fatty acids comprise fatty acids produced from hydrolysis of fatty acid esters of fat claim 1 , oil claim ...

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Номер записи: 19
14-01-2016 дата публикации

LUBRICATING COMPOSITION

Номер: US20160010023A1
Автор: MATTHEWS Sarah Jane, SOUTHBY Mark Clift, XU Zhou
Принадлежит:

Use of a comb polymer for reducing the loss in viscosity of a lubricating composition for the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine is fuelled by a fuel composition comprising a fatty acid alkyl ester. 1. A method of operating an internal combustion engine comprising:lubricating a crankcase of the internal combustion engine with a lubricating composition comprising a comb polymer, andusing a fuel composition comprising a fatty acid alkyl ester to fuel the internal combustion engine.2. The method according to wherein the viscosity of the lubricating composition is the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. measured using ASTM D445.3. The method according to wherein the fatty acid alkyl ester is a fatty acid methyl ester.4. The method according to wherein the comb polymer comprises claim 1 , in the main chain claim 1 , at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer claim 1 , and at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one low molecular weight monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms claim 1 , alkyl (meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , vinyl esters having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group claim 1 , vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , (di)alkyl fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , (di)alkyl maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group and mixtures thereof claim 1 , where the molar degree of branching is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol % and the comb polymer comprises a total of at least 80% by weight claim 1 , based on the total weight of repeat units of the comb polymer claim 1 , of the at least one repeat unit which is obtained from the at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer and the at least one repeat unit which is obtained from the at least one low molecular weight monomer.5. The method ...

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Номер записи: 20
10-01-2019 дата публикации

ARRAY FOR PROCESSING MATERIALS

Номер: US20190010662A1
Автор: Masterman Thomas Craig, Medoff Marshall, PARADIS Robert
Принадлежит:

Materials (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. For example, systems equipment, and methods are described that can be used to treat feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, using an array of vaults. 1. A treatment operating unit , comprising:a plurality of enclosure systems, each enclosure system including one or more vaults, andwithin each vault, an irradiation device and a treatment conveyor.2. The operating unit of claim 1 , wherein the enclosure systems are arranged in rows.3. The operating unit of claim 2 , wherein the rows extend in a first direction claim 2 , and wherein each enclosure system comprises two or more vaults extending in a direction generally perpendicular to the first direction.4. The operating unit of claim 3 , wherein the first and second vaults of each enclosure share a common wall.5. The operating unit of claim 4 , wherein each first vault is configured to accept untreated biomass from a storage facility claim 4 , and wherein the biomass material is treated in each vault utilizing the irradiation device and the treatment conveyor.6. The operating unit of claim 5 , wherein the first vault of each enclosure system further encloses equipment configured to transfer treated biomass from the first vault to the second vault of the enclosure system.7. The operating unit of claim 1 , wherein the irradiation device comprises an electron accelerator.8. The operating unit of claim 1 , wherein the treatment conveyor comprises a vibratory conveyor.9. A method for producing treated materials claim 1 , the method comprising;partitioning a material into a plurality of material portions,conveying the material portions into a plurality of first vaults, each first vault accepting one of the material portions,treating the material portions in the vaults,conveying the material portions out of the ...

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Номер записи: 21
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CARRING OUT THE COMBINED OPERATION OF A BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION UNIT AND A BIOGAS UNIT

Номер: US20220033860A1
Автор: BONK Fabian, LÜDTKE Oliver, SCHLIMBACH Michael
Принадлежит: Verbio Verinigte BioEnergie AG

The present invention concerns a method for carrying out the combined operation of a bioethanol production unit and a biogas unit. The method comprises the following steps: 2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least 0.2 t TS per tonne of corn meal is added to the mashing step in 1a) in the form of a mixture of thin stillage and whole stillage.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least 0.12 t TS per tonne of corn meal is recycled to the mashing step in 1a) in the form of whole stillage.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least 0.1 t TS of thin stillage per t of mash is recycled to the mashing step in 1a).5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cooking stage in 1b) claim 1 , the mash is heated to a maximum of 70° C.6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the corn meal in 1a) from a dry milling step has a mass fraction of at least 60% of particles with a particle size of <0.5 mm.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pH of the mash in 1a) is adjusted to less than 4.5.8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ammonium nitrogen content in the biogas fermenters of the biogas unit is kept at between 6000-9000 ppm.9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mean hydraulic residence time for the biogas unit is at least 30 days.10. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the proportion of outflow from the biogas unit per tonne of corn meal in 1a) is at least 0.2 m.11. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the distillation step in 1b) claim 1 , at least 400 liters of ethanol are separated per tonne of corn meal.12. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mashing step in 1a) claim 1 , at least 100 g of ammonium nitrogen per tonne of corn meal is recycled via the outflow from the biogas unit.13. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mashing step in 1a) claim 1 , a maximum of 1000 g of ammonium nitrogen per tonne of corn is recycled via the outflow from the biogas unit.14. The ...

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Номер записи: 22
19-01-2017 дата публикации

BIODIESEL FUEL HYDROGENATION METHOD

Номер: US20170015918A1
Автор: Abe Yohko, Chen Shih-Yuan, Mochizuki Takehisa, Toba Makoto, Yoshimura Yuuji
Принадлежит:

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel for producing a biodiesel fuel having an excellent oxidation stability and cold flow property. The present invention serves to produce a biodiesel fuel excellent in oxidation stability, by hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel with oxygen present in the reaction system in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one type of noble metal selected from metals of Groups 8 to 10 in the periodic table. 1. A method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel , the method comprising hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one type of noble metal selected from metals of Groups 8 to 10 in the periodic table , wherein oxygen is allowed to be present in the reaction system.2. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the oxygen in terms of oxygen molecules in the biodiesel fuel is from 150 to 3 claim 1 ,500 ppm.3. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , comprising introducing a gas containing oxygen is into the reaction system.4. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , comprising forcibly oxidizing the biodiesel fuel is in advance.5. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 2 , comprising introducing a gas containing oxygen into the reaction system.6. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 2 , comprising forcibly oxidizing the biodiesel fuel in advance. The present invention relates to a method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel.Biodiesel fuels composed of long chain fatty acid alkyl esters are produced from plant oils or animal fats, which are natural products, and thus, biodiesel fuels are increasingly introduced and becoming popular mainly in Europe and South East Asia, as environmentally friendly alternative fuels for light oil. European Standard EN 14214, Japanese standard JIS K2390, and ...

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Номер записи: 23
21-01-2016 дата публикации

MICROOGANISMS WITH ALTERED FATTY ACID PROFILES FOR RENEWABLE MATERIALS AND BIO-FUEL PRODUCTION

Номер: US20160017245A1
Автор: APT Kirk Emil, Behrens Paul Warren, Borden Jacob, Hansen Jon Milton, SELLERS Martin
Принадлежит:

Biofuel generated from the lipids of oleaginous yeast must conform to industry and regulatory standards for fuel performance and composition. In particular, precise lipid compositions and fuel properties are required for approval of biofuels. Disclosed are genetically modified microorganisms generated from oleaginous yeast that show significant alterations in lipid profile. Also disclosed are methods of producing biofuels and biofuel compositions. 1. An oleaginous microorganism suitable for production of renewable materials , the microorganism comprising a genetic modification not present in an unmodified microorganism and a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile that differs from the FAME profile of the unmodified microorganism when grown in culture.2. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein genetic engineering introduces the genetic modification.3. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein random mutagenesis introduces the genetic modification.4. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the FAME profile of the modified microorganism.5. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the production of one or more fatty acids.6. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acids.7. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters one or more genes in the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acids.8. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters pyruvate dehydrogenase claim 1 , acetyl-CoA carboxylase claim 1 , acyl carrier protein claim 1 , glycerol-3 phosphate acyltransferase claim 1 , citrate synthase claim 1 , stearoyl-ACP desaturase claim 1 , glycerolipid desaturase claim 1 , fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase claim 1 , a fatty acyl-CoA reductase claim 1 , a fatty aldehyde reductase claim 1 , a fatty acyl-CoA aldehyde reductase claim 1 , and/or a ...

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Номер записи: 24
17-01-2019 дата публикации

PLANTS WITH MODIFIED TRAITS

Номер: US20190017063A1
Автор: DIVI Uday Kumar, Green Allan Graham, MITCHELL Madeline Claire, Petrie James Robertson, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to transgenic plants, or parts thereof, with modified traits, as well as methods of selecting and using these plants or parts. In particular, the present invention relates to a transgenic plant, or part thereof, comprising a first exogenous polynucleotide which encodes a transcription factor polypeptide that increases the expression of one or more glycolytic and/or fatty acid biosynthetic genes in the plant or part thereof, and a second exogenous polynucleotide which encodes a polypeptide involved in the biosynthesis of one or more non-polar lipids. Furthermore, in addition to an increased triacylglycerol (TAG) content relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof, the plant or part thereof have a modified phenotype selected from; an increased soluble protein content, an increased nitrogen content, a decreased carbon:nitrogen ratio, increased photosynthetic gene expression, increased photosynthetic capacity, decreased total dietary fibre (TDF) content, increased carbon content and an increased energy content. 2. The plant or part thereof of which is derived from an ancestor transgenic plant which comprises the first and second exogenous polynucleotides claim 1 , wherein the ancestor transgenic plant was selected from a plurality of candidate transgenic plants each comprising the first and second exogenous polynucleotides on the basis that the ancestor transgenic plant comprised one or more or all of the following phenotypes;a) an increased soluble protein content in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,b) an increased nitrogen content in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,c) decreased carbon:nitrogen ratio in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,d) increased photosynthetic gene expression in at least a part of the transgenic plant ...

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Номер записи: 25
28-01-2016 дата публикации

Method and System for Production of a Chemical Commodity Using a Fiber Conduit Reactor

Номер: US20160024036A1
Автор: Massingill John Lee
Принадлежит:

A fiber reaction process whereby reactive components contained in immiscible streams are brought into contact to effect chemical reactions and separations. The conduit reactor utilized contains wettable fibers onto which one stream is substantially constrained and a second stream is flowed over to continuously create a new interface there between to efficiently bring about contact of the reactive species and thus promote reactions thereof or extractions thereby. Co-solvents and phase transfer catalysts may be employed to facilitate the process. 1. An apparatus for conducting chemical reactions and chemical extractions , the apparatus comprising: two fluid inlets at one end of the conduit, wherein one of the two fluid inlets comprises a tube extending into the conduit and a perforated node at the end of the tube, and wherein the other of the two fluid inlets is arranged up stream of the perforated node; and', 'one fluid outlet at an opposing end of the conduit;, 'a conduit comprisinga collection vessel positioned proximate the fluid outlet, wherein the collection vessel comprises two fluid outlets respectively arranged along upper and lower portions of the collection vessel; anda plurality of functionalized polymer fibers positioned longitudinally within the conduit, wherein one end of the functionalized polymer fibers are secured to the perforated node, wherein the other end of the functionalized polymer fibers extend into the collection vessel, and wherein the functionalized polymer fibers comprise acid functionalized polymer fibers, base functionalized polymer fibers, hydroxyl functionalized polymer fibers, amino functionalized polymer fibers, or ether functionalized polymer fibers.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of functionalized polymer fibers comprise materials selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic polymers claim 1 , polar polymers claim 1 , hydrophilic copolymers claim 1 , polar copolymers claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. ...

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Номер записи: 26
28-01-2016 дата публикации

ONE-POT PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL AND GLYCEROL ETHER MIXTURES USEFUL AS BIOFUELS

Номер: US20160024408A1
Автор: DRAGO Carmelo, Francesca, LA PAROLA Valeria, LIOTTA Leonarda, Luisa, Nicolosi Giovanni, Testa Maria
Принадлежит:

A process for the conversion of a feedstock containing one or more fatty acid triglycerides to a mixture containing one or more fatty acid alkyl esters and t-alkyl glycerols, including reacting the feedstock with a compound of formula (I): 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , Rand Rin formula (II) are selected from the group consisting of methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , isopropyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , t-butyl claim 1 , ethenyl claim 1 , propenyl claim 1 , isopropenyl claim 1 , butenyl claim 1 , isobutenyl claim 1 , hexenyl claim 1 , ethynyl claim 1 , propynyl and butynyl.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein R claim 2 , Rand Rin formula (II) are methyl.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein Rin formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , isopropyl and butyl.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein Rin formula (I) is methyl.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is tert-butyl methyl ether.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is selected from the group consisting of:vegetable oils such as coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, almond oil, beech nut oil, cashew oil, hazelnut oil, macadamia oil, pine nut oil, pistachio oil, walnut oil, citrus oils, grapefruit seed oil, lemon oil, orange oil, castor oil, animal fats such as beef tallow, lard, poultry fat and fish oils;', 'waste oils and fats from various sources, such as oils and fats used in restaurants and the catering industry in, 'hemp oil, mustard oil, radish oil, rice bran oil, salicornia oil, soybean oil, Jatropha oil, jojoba oil, linseed oil, poppy oil, stillingia oil, fruit tree oil, artichoke oil, carrot seed oil, mango oil and sea-buckthorn oil;'}general, and present in the waste of the agrifood and seafood industries.8. ...

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Номер записи: 27
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Antioxidants and Methods to Maximize Performance

Номер: US20180022729A1
Автор: Derek A. Pratt, Evan Anthony Haidasz, Luca Valgimigli, Ronak Mayankbhai Shah
Принадлежит: Universita di Bologna, UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA

A method of preventing or reducing the level of degradation of an organic substrate is described, wherein a composition is formed that includes the organic substrate together with an effective amount of a sacrificial base and a diarylamine antioxidant.

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Номер записи: 28
24-01-2019 дата публикации

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS AND METHODS OF USING EXTRACTION PRODUCTS

Номер: US20190024017A1
Автор: Bruinsma Keith, Endres Donald, Furcich Steven J.
Принадлежит:

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as a livestock supplement is disclosed. For example, the corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet or a poultry feed diet. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel. 134.-. (canceled)35. A method of producing oleochemicals from crude corn oil produced from distillers dried grains with solubles in a dry-grind ethanol process , the method comprising:solvent extracting crude corn oil from distillers dried grains with solubles, the distillers dried grains with solubles produced in a dry-grind ethanol process, the crude corn oil comprising free fatty acids in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 15% by weight of the crude corn oil; nitrogen in an amount no more than about 0.5% by weight of the crude corn oil; and phosphorous in an amount no more than about 0.05%;splitting at least a portion of glycerides in the crude corn oil into a crude fatty acids portion and a crude glycerine portion; andprocessing the crude fatty acids portion and/or the crude glycerine portion into one or more oleochemicals;wherein the oleochemical processed from the crude corn oil is substantially free from non-native emulsifiers and flocculants.36. The method of claim 35 , wherein processing the crude glycerine portion comprises refining the crude glycerine portion to produce a refined glycerine.37. The method of claim 36 , further comprising conducting esterification on the refined glycerine followed by distillation processing to produce a distilled esters of glycerol.38. The method of claim 35 , wherein processing the crude fatty acids portion comprises distilling the crude fatty acids ...

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Номер записи: 29
10-02-2022 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR HOLISTIC LOW CARBON INTENSITY FUEL PRODUCTION

Номер: US20220043406A1
Автор: Herold Gregory, Whikehart David
Принадлежит: MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LP

Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) transportation fuels through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and fuel product distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the transportation fuel below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the transportation fuel. 1. A process to provide a low carbon intensity (CI) transportation fuel obtained through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various feedstock procurement , feedstock transportation , feedstock refining and fuel product distribution pathways , the process comprising:selecting a carbon intensity threshold to define an upper limit for carbon intensity of a transportation fuel to be provided to an end user location that qualifies the transportation fuel as a low carbon intensity transportation fuel;selecting a refinery feedstock that is procured at a source for transport, the refinery feedstock being selected to reduce carbon emissions associated therewith and thereby maintain the carbon intensity of the transportation fuel below the carbon intensity threshold;selecting a transportation mode to transport the refinery feedstock from the source to a refinery, the transportation mode being selected to reduce carbon emissions associated therewith and thereby maintain the carbon intensity of the transportation fuel below the carbon intensity threshold;selecting refinery processes to reduce carbon emissions associated with refining the refinery feedstock to a plurality of refined products and thereby maintain the carbon intensity of the transportation fuel below the carbon intensity threshold;refining the refinery feedstock into one or more of the plurality of refined ...

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Номер записи: 30
23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND USE

Номер: US20200024532A1
Автор: Le Manquais Katherine, Petts Matthew, Ross Alan Norman
Принадлежит: INNOSPEC LIMITED

A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound or formula H—(OR)—OR, wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group, Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1. 1. A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound or formula H—(OR)—OR , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group , Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1.2. A method of combatting deposits in a diesel engine , the method comprising combusting in the engine a diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound of formula H—(OR)—OR , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group , Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1.3. (canceled)4. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride.5. The composition according to wherein each R is ethylene or propylene claim 1 , and n is from 1 to 40.6. The composition according to wherein Ris a Cto Calkyl group.7. The composition according to wherein the polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof includes an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms.8. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride and compound of formula H—(OR)n-ORare reacted in a ratio of from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5.9. The composition according to wherein the additive is the reaction product of a succinic acid or anhydride having a Cto Calkyl or alkenyl substituent and a Cto ...

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Номер записи: 31
02-02-2017 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LIPIDS

Номер: US20170029731A1
Автор: El Tahchy Anna, Liu Qing, Petrie James Robertson, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to processes for extracting lipid from vegetative plant parts such as leaves, stems, roots and tubers, and for producing industrial products such as hydrocarbon products from the lipids. Preferred industrial products include alkyl esters which may be blended with petroleum based fuels. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of extracting the lipid comprises one or more of rolling claim 1 , pressing claim 1 , crushing or grinding the vegetative plant parts.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein i) the extracted lipid comprises triacylglycerols claim 1 , wherein the triacylglycerols comprise at least 90% (w/w) of the extracted lipid claim 1 , and/or ii) the extracted lipid comprises free sterols claim 1 , steroyl esters claim 1 , steroyl glycosides claim 1 , waxes or wax esters claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein step i) uses an organic solvent.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the organic solvent comprises hexane claim 4 , diethyl ether claim 4 , petroleum ether claim 4 , chloroform/methanol claim 4 , butanol or benzene.6. The process of which comprises one or more or all ofa) prior to step i), harvesting the vegetative plant parts from one or more plants grown in the field with a mechanical harvester,b) prior to step i), drying, or drying and grinding, the vegetative plant parts,c) in step ii), recovering the extracted lipid by collecting it in a container,d) one or more of degumming, deodorising, decolourising, drying or fractionating the extracted lipid,e) removing at least some waxes and/or wax esters from the extracted lipid, andf) analysing the fatty acid composition of the extracted lipid.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein in step a) claim 6 ,i) vegetative plant parts are harvested from at least 1000 plants grown in a field, to provide a collection of at least 1000 such vegetative plant parts, and/orii) the vegetative plant parts are harvested from the plant(s) some time between about the ...

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Номер записи: 32
04-02-2016 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING BIOFUEL

Номер: US20160032203A1
Автор: Chidambaram Dev
Принадлежит: Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Edu., on behalf of the University of Nevada, Reno

The present disclosure concerns embodiments of a catalyst system, such as a mixed catalyst composition, that can be used to make biofuel. In some embodiments, the mixed catalyst composition can comprise an inorganic catalyst and an organic catalyst, such as a cyclic organic catalyst. In particular disclosed embodiments, a mixed catalyst composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of an inorganic catalyst and an organic catalyst can be used to enhance the production of biofuel, such as biodiesel, by reducing the amount of time needed to make the biofuel as compared to that needed for the inorganic catalyst or the organic catalyst independently. Also disclosed herein are combinations and kits comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of embodiments of a mixed catalyst composition. 1. A combination , comprising:an inorganic catalyst;morpholine;a lipid; andan alcohol.2. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the combination produces biofuel.3. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the inorganic catalyst present in the combination is equal to the amount of morpholine present in the combination.4. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the inorganic catalyst ranges from 0.01 wt % to 500 wt % of the total lipid weight and wherein the amount of the morpholine ranges from 0.01 wt % to 500 wt % of the total lipid weight.5. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic catalyst is selected from KOH claim 1 , NaOH claim 1 , or a combination thereof; the lipid is selected from rapeseed oil claim 1 , soybean oil claim 1 , sunflower oil claim 1 , flax oil claim 1 , jojoba oil claim 1 , mustard oil claim 1 , palm oil claim 1 , coconut oil claim 1 , hemp oil claim 1 , waste vegetable oil claim 1 , corn oil claim 1 , canola oil claim 1 , coffee oils claim 1 , tallow claim 1 , lard claim 1 , chicken fat claim 1 , or a combination thereof; and the alcohol is selected from methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 33
04-02-2016 дата публикации

Methods and Systems For Biological Coal-to-Biofuels and Bioproducts

Номер: US20160032331A1
Автор: Bland Alan E., Richards Patrick, Wawrousek Karen E.
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems for the biological conversion of pretreated or solubilized coal or waste coal into biofuels. Coal () may be pretreated perhaps in a pretreatment reactor (). Pretreated coal or even solubilized coal may be introduced into a processing reactor such as a bioreactor () containing a plurality of microorganisms () such as oleaginous microorganisms which can convert at least some of the pretreated or solubilized coal into lipids () or biomass (), which then may be used directly or as a precursor for various products such as biofuels, feedstock, or the like. 1. A method for producing biofuel from coal comprising the steps of:pretreating coal to provide solubilized coal;bioreacting said solubilized coal with at least one type of coal-utilizing bacteria;generating biomass and lipids from said step of bioreacting said solubilized coal with said at least one coal-utilizing bacteria; andconverting said lipids into biofuel.2. A method for producing biofuel from coal according to wherein said coal is selected from a group consisting of coal fines claim 1 , waste coal claim 1 , low grade coal claim 1 , and any combination thereof.34-. (canceled)5. A method for producing biofuel from coal according to wherein said step of pretreating said coal comprises the step of providing conditions for said pretreatment step selected from a group consisting of near-ambient temperatures and near-ambient pressures.6. (canceled)7. A method for producing biofuel from coal according to wherein said step of pretreating said coal comprises the step of treating said coal first with at least one alkali and second treating said coal with at least one acid.8. A method for producing biofuel from coal according to wherein said at least one alkali comprises NaOH and wherein said at least one acid comprises HSO.912-. (canceled)13. A method for producing biofuel from coal according to wherein said at least one coal-utilizing bacteria comprises genetically modified bacteria.14. A method for ...

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Номер записи: 34
05-02-2015 дата публикации

Additive compositions for improving the lacquering resistance of higher grade fuels of the diesel or biodiesel type

Номер: US20150033617A1
Автор: Bernardé Dequenne, Helene Rodeschini, Mathieu Arondel
Принадлежит: Total Marketing Services SA

Disclosed are additive compositions for superior quality diesel and biodiesel fuels for improving the lacquering resistance of fuels, in particular those intended for engines provided with Euro 4 to Euro 6 fuel injection systems. The additive compositions include at least one antioxidant of hindered phenol type and at least one metal passivator.

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Номер записи: 35
04-02-2021 дата публикации

Triglyceride Oil Compositions

Номер: US20210030661A1
Автор: Franklin Scott
Принадлежит:

This disclosure provides a triglyceride oil possessing an extremely low cloud point and low viscosity concomitant with a higher than anticipated saturated fatty acid content, very low polyunsaturated fatty acid content, and low iodine value. While many naturally occurring triglyceride oils possess one or more of these properties, natural triglyceride oils lack one or more of these attributes, thus making them less than ideal in industrial applications, such as lubricants, fuels, or dielectric fluids. The combination of attributes possessed by a triglyceride oil described herein, achieved without the addition of any additives, is unique compared with natural counterparts and as such, can find wide applications in the aforementioned fields. 1123-. (canceled)124. A triglyceride oil comprising up to 1% of a C8:0 fatty acid , up to 23% of a C10:0 fatty acid , 7% or more of a C10:1 fatty acid , up to 8% of a C12:0 fatty acid , 55% or more of a C12:1 fatty acid , and up to 1% of a C14:0 fatty acid on a weight percentage basis.125. The oil of claim 124 , wherein said oil comprises 94% or more of a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) on a weight percentage basis claim 124 , wherein said MCFA is a C8 fatty acid claim 124 , a C10 fatty acid claim 124 , a C12 fatty acid claim 124 , a C14 fatty acid claim 124 , or any combination thereof.126. The oil of claim 124 , wherein said oil comprises 67% or more of a monoenic fatty acid (MEFA) claim 124 , a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) claim 124 , or any combination thereof claim 124 , on a weight percentage basis.127. The oil of claim 126 , wherein said oil comprises 65% or more of said MEFA on a weight percentage basis.128. The oil of claim 126 , wherein said MEFA is a C10:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C12:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C14:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C16:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C18:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C20:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C22:1 fatty acid claim 126 , a C24:1 fatty acid claim 126 , or any combination ...

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Номер записи: 36
31-01-2019 дата публикации

Biodiesel fuel mixtures

Номер: US20190031968A1
Автор: Patrick McDuff
Принадлежит: Hull Partners LLC

Provided herein are biodiesel fuel mixtures having improved properties for reducing NOx emissions as well as total particular matter emissions, CO emissions, and total hydrocarbon emissions.

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Номер записи: 37
09-02-2017 дата публикации

Processing materials

Номер: US20170036186A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff, Robert Paradis, Thomas Craig Masterman
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, novel systems, methods and equipment for conveying and/or cooling treated biomass are described.

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Номер записи: 38
09-02-2017 дата публикации

Processes for producing hydrocarbon products

Номер: US20170037320A1
Автор: Anna EL TAHCHY, James Robertson Petrie, Qing Liu, Surinder Singh, Thomas Vanhercke
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization CSIRO

The present invention relates to processes for producing industrial products such as hydrocarbon products from non-polar lipids in a vegetative plant part. Preferred industrial products include alkyl esters which may be blended with petroleum based fuels.

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Номер записи: 39
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Processing materials

Номер: US20190039023A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff, Robert Paradis, Thomas Craig Masterman
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Materials, such as biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. Conveying systems, such as flowing gas conveying systems and such as closed-loop flowing gas conveying systems are described.

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Номер записи: 40
24-02-2022 дата публикации

BIOFUEL AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION BY ISOMERIZING METATHESIS

Номер: US20220056358A1
Автор: BAADER Sabrina, Goossen Lukas, PFISTER Kai F.
Принадлежит:

Subject of the invention is a process for producing a biofuel from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils, comprising the steps of 124.-. (canceled)25. A process for producing a biofuel from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils , comprising the steps of(a) ethenolysis of the fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of ethylene and an ethenolysis catalyst, and(b) isomerizing metathesis in the presence of an isomerization catalyst and a metathesis catalyst, wherein ethenolysis (a) and isomerizing metathesis (b) are carried out simultaneously and wherein the process is carried out without an additional solvent.26. The process according to claim 25 , wherein the vegetable oil and/or fatty acid methyl esters comprise more than 80 mol-% unsaturated fatty acids claim 25 , based on the total amount of fatty acids in esterified and free form claim 25 , wherein the vegetable oil is preferably rapeseed oil claim 25 , soy bean oil claim 25 , jatropha oil or tall oil.27. The process according to at least claim 25 , wherein the isomerization catalyst is an organometallic palladium catalyst.28. The process according to at least claim 25 , wherein the isomerization catalyst is an organometallic palladium containing palladium in oxidation states selected from the group consisting of Pd(0) claim 25 , Pd(I) claim 25 , Pd(II) and combinations thereof.29. The process according to at least claim 25 , wherein the isomerization catalyst is an organometallic palladium catalyst containing at least one structural element Pd—P(RRR) claim 25 , wherein the Rto Rradicals each independently have 2 to 10 carbon atoms claim 25 , each of which may be aliphatic claim 25 , alicyclic claim 25 , aromatic or heterocyclic claim 25 , with the proviso that at least one of the Rto Rradicals contains a beta-hydrogen.31. The process according to claim 30 , wherein groups Yand Yare the same.32. The process according to ...

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Номер записи: 41
06-02-2020 дата публикации

ENCLOSURES FOR TREATING MATERIALS

Номер: US20200038811A1
Автор: Masterman Thomas Craig, Medoff Marshall, PARADIS Robert
Принадлежит:

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. For example, systems and methods are described that can be used to treat feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, in two or more vaults that can share a common wall. 115-. (canceled)16. A biomass treatment facility , comprising:a first conveying system configured to convey a biomass material through a first enclosure while exposing the biomass material to a first dose of ionizing radiation from a first electron accelerator to produce a first treated biomass material; anda second conveying system configured to convey the first treated biomass material through a second enclosure while exposing the first treated biomass material to a second dose of ionizing radiation from a second electron accelerator to produce a second treated biomass material.17. The facility of claim 16 , wherein the first and second enclosure share a common wall.18. The facility of claim 16 , wherein each accelerator operates at a power of between about 100 kW and about 300 kW.19. The facility of claim 16 , wherein walls of both the first and second enclosures are fabricated from discrete interconnecting blocks configured to provide a photo-tight structure. This application is a continuation of PCT/US14/21604 filed Mar. 7, 2014 which claims priority to the following provisional applications: U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,684, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,773, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,731, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,735, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,740, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,744, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,746, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,750, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,752, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,754, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S. Ser. No. 61/774,775, filed Mar. 8, 2013; U.S ...

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Номер записи: 42
07-02-2019 дата публикации

USE OF A HYDROCARBYL-SUBSTITUTED DICARBOXYLIC ACID FOR IMPROVING OR BOOSTING THE SEPARATION OF WATER FROM FUEL OILS AND GASOLINE FUELS

Номер: US20190040332A1
Автор: BOEHNKE Harald, VOELKEL Ludwig, WALTER Marc
Принадлежит: BASF SE

Use of a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid for improving or boosting the separation of water from fuel oils and gasoline fuels which comprise additives with detergent action. A Fuel additive concentrate comprising the said hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid, certain additives with detergent action and optionally other customary additives and solvents or diluents. 1. A method of improving separation of water from a fuel oil or a gasoline fuel , the method comprising:contacting (A) a polyisobutenylsuccinic acid having a polyisobutenyl substituent comprising 32 to 100 carbon atoms with a fuel oil or a gasoline fuel comprising(B) at least one nitrogen compound quaternized in the presence of an acid or in an acid-free manner, obtained by addition of a compound comprising at least one oxygen- or nitrogen-containing group reactive with an anhydride and additionally at least one quaternizable amino group onto a polycarboxylic anhydride compound and subsequent quaternization, as an additive with a detergent action, and(C) as an additive component, an alkoxylation copolymer comprising at least one alkylene oxide selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, and other oxides, as a dehazer.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising as alkylene oxide ethylene oxide.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising as alkylene oxide propylene oxide.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising as alkylene oxide butylene oxide.5. The method of claim 1 , comprising as alkylene oxide styrene oxide.6. The method of claim 1 , comprising as alkylene oxide an epoxy based resin.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel oil further comprises as an additive component (D) at least one cetane number improver.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel oil consists of:(a) 0.1 to 100% by weight of at least one biofuel oil based on one or more fatty acid esters, and(b) 0 to 99.9% by weight of one or more middle distillates of fossil origin and/or ...

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Номер записи: 43
14-02-2019 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING ULTRA-LOW SULFUR BIODIESEL

Номер: US20190048369A1
Автор: CHEN Weiqing, FENG LIGUANG, Feng Liyan, LI Aijun, LI Hongpeng, WANG Hong, Wen Guangming
Принадлежит:

Provided is a device for producing ultra-low sulfur biodiesel. The device for producing ultra-low sulfur biodiesel is a two-stage processing device, comprising a two-stage purification unit, a two-stage enzyme reaction unit, a two-stage distillation unit, and a decompression rectification unit. The present invention is green and environment-friendly, effectively and completely removing sulfur-containing impurities from the raw material, eliminating the attack of a sulfur-containing group in the synthesis process on fatty acids, and providing sufficient conditions for obtaining ultra-low sulfur content methyl esters in the product section. 1. A device for producing ultra-low sulfur biodiesel , wherein the device for producing ultra-low sulfur biodiesel is a two-stage processing device , which comprises a two-stage purification unit , a two-stage enzyme reaction unit , and a two-stage distillation unit , and further comprises a decompression rectification unit according to the production process; whereinthe purification unit comprises a raw material storage tank, a heater, a purification tower, a mixer, and a centrifuge that are connected in order through a pipeline;a raw material pump is installed on the pipeline between the raw material storage tank and the heater; an external pipe communicated with the heat source is installed on the heater; a circulation pump is installed on the pipeline between the heater and the purification tower; the lower part of the purification tower is communicated with a wastewater tank, the upper part of the purification tower is communicated with the mixer, and an external pipe communicated with high-pressure methanol water is installed on the mixer; the mixer is communicated with the centrifuge, the bottom of the centrifuge is communicated with the wastewater tank, and the upper part of the centrifuge is communicated with a primary elution raw material storage tank;the device structure and the arrangement of the two-stage purification ...

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Номер записи: 44
25-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF EXTRACTING BIODIESEL CONVERTIBLE LIPID FROM MICROALGAE USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE

Номер: US20160053191A1
Автор: CHOI Kyung Seok, KWAK Hyun, PARK Dong Jun, RAH Jong Nam
Принадлежит: HANWOUL ENGINEERING INC.

Provided are a method of extracting a biodiesel convertible lipid from microalgae using a supercritical carbon dioxide and a biodiesel convertible lipid extracted by the method. The lipid extraction method is an economical and environmentally friendly technique, which may considerably reduce an extraction time, compared to a conventional supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method, does not use the toxic organic solvents used in the conventional Bligh-Dyer extraction method and Soxhlet extraction method, and exhibits an excellent lipid yield and a FAME yield. 1. A method of extracting a biodiesel convertible lipid from microalgae by a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method using a supercritical carbon dioxide and methanol as a co-solvent.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction method is performed at an extraction temperature of 35 to 65° C.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction method is performed at an extraction pressure of 250 to 350 bar.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction method is performed for an extraction time of 30 to 60 minutes.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the methanol is injected at 5 to 15 vol % of the injection ratio of the supercritical carbon dioxide.6NannochloropsisChlorellaScenedesmus. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the microalgae are selected from the group consisting of sp. claim 1 , sp. and sp.7. The method according to claim 1 , comprises:{'i': 'Nannochloropsis', 'extracting the biodiesel convertible lipid from sp. microalgae at a temperature of 50° C. and a pressure of 300 bar for 30 minutes,'}wherein the injection ratio of the supercritical carbon dioxide to the co-solvent, methanol, is 1:0.1.8. A biodiesel convertible lipid using the extraction method according to .9. A biodiesel convertible lipid using the extraction method according to .10. A biodiesel convertible lipid using the extraction method according to .11. A biodiesel convertible ...

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Номер записи: 45
25-02-2021 дата публикации

FUEL ADDITIVES WITH LOW NOx EMISSIONS

Номер: US20210054298A1
Автор: Berkhous Scott K., Kang Dongil, Kar Kenneth C. H., Mattran Donald J., Renninger Logan P., Steenbeke Geert W.
Принадлежит:

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of making an additized fuel composition comprising a base fuel composition and a randomly branched nitrate composition. The randomly branched nitrate composition includes a plurality of primary nitrate molecules, each molecule therein having an empirical chemical formula of CnNO3, wherein Cn is a branched aliphatic moiety which may be the same or different for each molecule, n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, at least one carbon atom in the branched aliphatic moiety being bound to three or more carbon atoms, a branching index ranging from 1.8 to 2.2, and greater than 80% of the branches in the aliphatic moiety being in other than the alpha position. The additized fuel composition may be diesel fuel composition or a gasoline fuel composition. Such randomly branched nitrate composition may be more stable, and thus safer to handle than 2-ethylhexylnitrate and may have a lower overall nitrogen content, leading to lower NOx emissions upon combustion in diesel and gasoline fuel compositions. 1. An additized fuel composition comprising:a base fuel composition, and{'sub': n', '3', 'n, 'a randomly branched nitrate composition comprising a plurality of primary nitrate molecules, each molecule therein having an empirical chemical formula of CNO, wherein Cis a branched aliphatic moiety which may be the same or different for each molecule, n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, at least one carbon atom in the branched aliphatic moiety being bound to three or more carbon atoms, a branching index ranging from 1.8 to 2.2, and greater than 80% of the branches in the aliphatic moiety being in other than the alpha position; and'}wherein the additized fuel composition is a diesel fuel composition or a gasoline fuel composition.2. The fuel composition as in claim 1 , wherein the additized fuel composition is a diesel fuel composition further comprising a ...

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Номер записи: 46
23-02-2017 дата публикации

FATTY ACID BLENDS AND USES THEREFOR

Номер: US20170051219A1
Автор: Beetham Peter R., Gocal Greg F.W., Knuth Mark, Walker Keith
Принадлежит:

Provided herein are blends oils or fatty acids comprising more than 50% medium chain fatty acids, or the fatty acid alkyl esters thereof, and having low melting points. Such blends are useful as a fuel or as a starting material for the production of, for example, a biodiesel. Also provided genetically altered or modified plants, modified such that the amount of medium chain fatty acids generated by the plant are increased. Further provided is a method of predicting the melting point of a blend of fatty acid methyl esters and the use of such a method for identifying blends suitable for use as, for example, a biodiesel. 1. A mixture of fatty acids comprising:80% to 100% saturated fatty acids having 8-12 carbons and monounsaturated fatty acids having 12-18 carbons;5% to 80% caprylic acid (C8:0) and capric acid (C10:0), andless than 20% lauric acid (C12:0);wherein said monounsaturated fatty acids account for 5% to 95% by weight of the mixture; andwherein said mixture comprises less than 20% polyunsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids having more than 12 carbons; andwherein:(1) the mixture comprises 6% to 20% lauric acid (C12:0);(2) caprylic acid (C8:0), capric acid (C10:0), and lauric acid (C12:0) together account for 20% to 40% of the mixture;(3) oleic acid (C18:1) and palmitoleic acid (16:1) together account for 50% to 85% of the mixture;(4) stearic (18:0) and palmitic acid (16:0) account for less than 4% of the mixture;(5) myristic acid (14:0) accounts for less than 2% of the mixture;(6) linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) together account for less than 3% of the mixture; or(7) arachidic acid (C20:0), behenic acid (C22:0) and lignoceric acid (C24:0) account for less than 1% of the mixture.212-. (canceled) The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/306,477, filed Nov. 4, 2009, which is a US National Stage Entry application of PCT Application No. PCT/US2007/015017, filed Jun. 27, 2007, which claims ...

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Номер записи: 47
23-02-2017 дата публикации

System and process for recovering algal oil

Номер: US20170051230A1
Автор: Abbas Hassan, Aziz Hassan, Gregory G. Borsinger, Rayford Gaines Anthony
Принадлежит: HRD Corp

Herein disclosed is a method of processing a medium containing algae microorganisms to produce algal oil and by-products, comprising providing the medium containing algae microorganisms; passing the medium through a rotor-stator high shear device; disintegrating cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products; and removing the algae medium from an outlet of the high shear device. In an embodiment, disintegration is enhanced by a penetrating gas capable of permeating the cell wall. In an embodiment, enhancement is accomplished by super-saturation of the penetrating gas in the medium or increased gas pressure in a vessel. In an embodiment, the penetrating gas is different from the gas produced by the cell during respiration. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure.

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Номер записи: 48
05-03-2015 дата публикации

USE OF COLD FLOW IMPROVER COMPOSITIONS FOR FUELS, BLENDS THEREOF WITH BIOFUELS AND FORMULATIONS THEREOF

Номер: US20150059238A1
Автор: Couet Julien, Koschabek Rene, Kuenzel Sandra, Maehling Frank-Olaf
Принадлежит: Evonik Oil Additives GmbH

The present invention relates to the use of polyalkyl(meth)acrylates as an additive to fuels, especially middle distillate fuels and blends thereof. The present invention further relates to the use of a composition comprising polyalkyl(meth)acrylates as dispersing species susceptible to disperse waxes and sludgy material at low temperatures and a hydrocarbon solvent/an oil for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oil and fuel oil compositions. The present invention further relates to the use of these compositions as an additive to fuels, especially in the function of paraffin dispersant, to such fuels themselves and to fuel additive concentrates which comprise this composition dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent or an oil. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyalkyl(meth)acrylate has a number average molecular weight Mof from 2500 to 100000.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyalkyl(meth)acrylate has a number average molecular weight Mof from 4000 to 20000.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polydispersity M/Mof the polyalkyl(meth)acrylate is from 1 to 8.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polydispersity M/Mof the polyalkyl(meth)acrylate is from 1.3 to 2.5.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein there is a positive amount of the vinyl aromatic monomer (d) which is selected from the group consisting of styrene and substituted styrene.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the N-dispersant monomer of component (e) is selected from the group consisting of vinyl substituted nitrogen heterocyclic monomers claim 1 , N-vinyl-substituted nitrogen heterocyclic monomers claim 1 , dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate claim 1 , dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate monomers claim 1 , methacrylamide monomers claim 1 , N-tertiary alkyl acrylamides and corresponding methacrylamides claim 1 , vinyl substituted amines and N-vinyl lactams.10. A method for improving the cold flow properties of a fuel oil composition claim 1 , the ...

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Номер записи: 49
20-02-2020 дата публикации

System and Method For Duplicating Flammable Gas

Номер: US20200056110A1
Автор: Faramaz Fred Faramarzi, Sabrina Faramarzi, Sandra Faramarzi
Принадлежит: Individual

A system and method for duplicating a flammable gas (SDFG) that utilizes a specially engineered liquid in combination with a purpose-built container to duplicate the flammable gas is disclosed. There are three methods for the production of an engineered liquid for use in the system. In less than one hour, a single unit of any flammable or hydrocarbon gas will yield up to at least double the quantity of the same gas back.

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Номер записи: 50
12-03-2015 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM GLYCERINE

Номер: US20150068108A1
Автор: De Mendoza Diego, Schujman Gustavo Enrique
Принадлежит: IDEN BIOTECHNOLOGY, S.L.

The present invention describes bacterial strains CECT 7968, CECT 7969 and NCIMB 42026 of the species , capable of expressing the heterologous synthetic mutated genes: pdc and adhB, originating from , 'tesA, originating from , and atfl, originating from sp. ADP1. Furthermore, said strains may overexpress at least one of the genes of the ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) and acyl-CoA synthetase enzymatic complexes. The use of said strains produces an increase in the production of biofuel, preferably biodiesel from glycerin as the carbon source. Moreover, the present invention describes the use of said bacterial strains for the production of said biofuel, biodiesel, from glycerin, as well as a process for synthesising biofuel, preferably biodiesel, using the strains described in the present invention and the biofuel duly obtained. 1. A gene construct that comprises the genes SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 18 , SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 19 , SEQ ID NO: 6 or SEQ ID NO: 17 or SEQ ID NO: 20 or SEQ ID NO: 21 and SEQ ID NO: 8 or SEQ ID NO: 22 , or variants thereof , jointly with at least one promoter.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The gene construct according to claim 1 , wherein the gene construct further comprises at least one of the nucleotide sequences claim 1 , or variants thereof claim 1 , that encode the genes selected from the group consisting of: lcfA claim 1 , yhfL claim 1 , yhfT claim 1 , accD claim 1 , accA claim 1 , accB or accC and/or any combination thereof.5B. subtilis.. The gene construct according to claim 4 , wherein the nucleotide sequences or variants thereof claim 4 , which encode the lcfA claim 4 , yhfL claim 4 , yhfT claim 4 , accD claim 4 , accA claim 4 , accB or accC genes belong to the bacterial species6. The gene construct according to claim 1 , wherein the promoter is inducible or constitutive.7. The gene construct according to claim 6 , wherein the inducible promoter is selected from the Pspac promoter or the Pspachy promoter.8. The gene construct ...

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Номер записи: 51
17-03-2022 дата публикации

Compositions for Engine Carbon Removal and Methods and Apparatus for Removing Carbon - III - C1

Номер: US20220082049A1
Автор: Thoma Steven G., Thompson Bernie C.
Принадлежит:

The testing of various chemicals has yielded new chemicals and chemical mixtures for the use of removing carbon deposits from the internal combustion engine. Some of these chemicals and chemical mixtures have proven to work better across many different carbon types than other chemicals that were tested. These chemical terpenes are typically produced from plants. One standard terpene mixture is known as turpentine. The chemical turpentine and chemicals found in turpentine have been determined, through our research and testing, to be extremely effective at removing the carbon that is produced within the internal combustion engine. 1. A method of removing existing carbonaceous deposits from an internal combustion engine;the engine including an induction system, one or more cylinders, and an exhaust system; the carbonaceous deposits are of the type built up over time during the operation of the engine (hereinafter referred to as “carbon deposits”); the method including the steps of:selecting a terpene;introducing droplets of the selected terpene into the induction system while the engine is running;solubilizing at least some of the carbon deposits in the induction system with the droplets of the terpene;removing at least some of the solubilized carbon deposits from the induction system; andburning the solubilized and removed carbon deposits in the cylinders as part of the normal combustion process.2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the terpene is at least one of oil of turpentine (TPT) claim 1 , y-terpinene (y-T) claim 1 , p-cymene (p-C) claim 1 , terpinolene (TO) claim 1 , alpha-pinene (A-p) claim 1 , (−)-beta-pinene (b-p) claim 1 , camphene (ch) claim 1 , 3-carene (3-c) claim 1 , R-(+)-limonene claim 1 , and S-(−)-limonene; and wherein the step of solubilizing is solubilizing at least some of the carbon deposits in the induction system with droplets of at least one of oil of turpentine (TPT) claim 1 , y-terpinene (y-T) claim 1 , p-cymene (p-C) claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 52
29-05-2014 дата публикации

Polymers

Номер: US20140144070A1
Автор: Carl Waterson, Christopher J. Booth
Принадлежит: Infineum International Ltd

The present invention is a polymer having structural units, units of formula I, units of formula II and units of either formula IIIa or formula IIIb: The polymer improves the low-temperature properties of fuel oils from petroleum sources and especially from vegetable or animal sources.

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Номер записи: 53
10-03-2016 дата публикации

ADDITIVE FOR IMPROVING THE OXIDATION AND/OR STORAGE STABILITY OF MOTOR FUELDS OR LIQUID HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING FUELS

Номер: US20160068776A1
Автор: CROC Pauline, PAPIN Géraldine, TORT Frédéric, VERMOREL Christian
Принадлежит: TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES

The present disclosure relates to the use of at least one modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin as additive for improving the oxidation and/or storage stability of a motor fuel or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuel composition. The modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin can be obtained by Mannich reaction of an alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin 2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising improving the storage stability of the motor fuel or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuel composition at a temperature less than 0° C.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising reducing the quantity of deposits formed during storage of the motor fuel or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuel composition.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is used as an additive in a form diluted in a solvent.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is used in the motor fuel or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuel composition in combination with one or more additional additives.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the additional additives are selected from dispersants/detergents claim 5 , carrier oils claim 5 , metal deactivators claim 5 , metallic passivators claim 5 , antioxidants claim 5 , dyes claim 5 , antistatic additives claim 5 , corrosion inhibitors claim 5 , biocides claim 5 , markers claim 5 , thermal stabilizers claim 5 , emulsifiers claim 5 , friction reducing agents claim 5 , surfactants claim 5 , cetane improvers claim 5 , anti-clouding agents claim 5 , additives improving the conductivity claim 5 , reodorants claim 5 , lubricity additives claim 5 , lubricants and mixtures thereof.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising adding an amount of modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin comprised between 5 and 5000 ppmw claim 1 , to the motor fuel or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuel composition.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the motor fuel or liquid ...

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Номер записи: 54
27-02-2020 дата публикации

OIL COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF RECOVERING SAME

Номер: US20200063168A1
Автор: BOOTSMA Jason
Принадлежит: POET RESEARCH, INC.

The present invention generally relates to oil compositions and methods of producing such oil compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to an oil composition recovered from a fermentation product as well as methods of recovering such oil compositions for use in various processes such as bio-diesel production as well as in various edible applications. 1126-. (canceled)127. A composition comprising corn oil , wherein the corn oil comprises:no greater than 15% w/w of a free fatty acid based on the total weight of the composition;an iodine value of no greater than 125;no greater than 1% w/w of moisture and insolubles combined based on the total weight of the composition; and at least 50 mcg/g of lutein,', 'at least 10 mcg/g of cis-lutein/zeaxanthin,', 'at least 5 mcg/g of alpha-cryptoxanthin,', 'at least 5 mcg/g of beta-cryptoxanthin,', 'at least 0.5 mcg/g of alpha-carotene,', 'at least 0.1 mcg/g of cis-beta-carotene, and', 'a combination of two or more thereof., 'a component selected from the group consisting of128. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 75 mcg/g of the lutein.129. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 30 mcg/g of the cis-lutein/zeaxanthin.130. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 10 mcg/g of the alpha-cryptoxanthin.131. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 5 mcg/g of the beta-cryptoxanthin.132. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 1.25 mcg/g of the alpha-carotene.133. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the composition comprises at least 1.0 mcg/g of the cis-beta-carotene.134. The composition of claim 127 , wherein the free fatty acid comprises C16 palmitic acid claim 127 , C18 stearic acid claim 127 , C18-1 oleic acid claim 127 , C18-2 linoleic acid claim 127 , C18-3 linolenic acid claim 127 , or a combination of two or more thereof.135. The ...

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Номер записи: 55
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Low sulfur biodiesel composition and method of making

Номер: US20170066984A1
Автор: Andrew Meissner, Leland Doyle, Michael Phillip Doyle, Roxby Hartley, William L. Selden, JR.
Принадлежит: Agron Bioenergy LLC

The invention provides fatty acid methyl ester fuel compositions and methods of making same.

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Номер записи: 56
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Modification of Fats and Oils for Fuel and Lubricating Applications

Номер: US20170066985A1
Автор: RISSIO JOHN
Принадлежит:

A bio-organic composition includes residues of a fatty acid glyceride-containing composition, residues of a first epoxide or glycol, and the residues of a second epoxide. The fatty acid glyceride-containing composition is characterized by the viscosity at room temperature. The first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the room temperature viscosity of the bio-organic composition is lower than the room temperature viscosity of the vegetable oil prior to formulation and/or the first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the pour point of the bio-organic composition is lower than the pour point of the fatty acid glyceride-containing composition prior to formulation. 128.-. (canceled)29. A method of forming a bio-organic composition , the method comprising:a) mixing a fatty acid glyceride-containing composition and a first reaction promoter at a first predetermined temperature to form a first intermediate reaction mixture, the first predetermined temperature being from 200° F. to 350° F.;b) adding a first epoxide or glycol to the first intermediate reaction mixture to form a second intermediate reaction mixture;c) combining at least a portion of the second intermediate reaction mixture with water and additional reaction promoter to form a third intermediate reaction mixture, the water partially hydrolyzing fatty acid glycerides in the fatty acid glyceride-containing composition such that the bio-organic composition includes less than 5 weight percent free glycerol;d) adding a second epoxide to the third intermediate reaction mixture to form a fourth intermediate reaction mixture; ande) removing the water such that the bio-organic composition is recovered.30. The method of wherein the water partially hydrolyzes fatty acid glycerides in the fatty acid glyceride-containing composition such that the bio-organic composition includes less than 0.1 weight percent free glycerol.31. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 57
11-03-2021 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OIL FROM MICROALGAE

Номер: US20210071213A1
Автор: Oyler James R.
Принадлежит: Genifuel Corporation

A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel. 117-. (canceled)18. A process for production of biofuels from algae , comprising:a) inducing algae cell body production of an oil-producing algae by photoautotrophic growth;b) initiating heterotrophic growth of the oil-producing algae using a stress induction mechanism;c) inducing algal oil production by heterotrophic growth of the oil-producing algae, wherein the heterotrophic growth includes introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae; andd) extracting an algal oil from the oil-producing algae.19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising converting the oil to biodiesel.20. The process of claim 18 , wherein the oil-producing algae includes a member selected from the group consisting of diatoms (bacillariophytes) claim 18 , green algae (chlorophytes) claim 18 , blue-green algae (cyanophytes) claim 18 , golden-brown algae (chrysophytes) claim 18 , haptophytes claim 18 , and combinations thereof.21Amphipleura, Amphora, Chaetoceros, Cyclotella, Cymbella, Fragilaria, Hantzschia, Navicula, Nitzschia, Phaeodactylum, Thalassiosira, Ankistrodesmus, Botryococcus, Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Dunaliella, Monoraphidium, Oocystis, Scenedesmus, Tetraselmis, Oscillatoria, Synechococcus, Boekelovia. The process of claim 20 , wherein the oil-producing algae includes claim 20 , or combinations thereof.22Chlorella, Dunaliella. The process of claim 21 , wherein the oil-producing algae includes claim 21 , or combinations thereof.23. The process of claim 18 , further comprising introducing a nitrogen-fixing algae to the oil-producing algae ...

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Номер записи: 58
16-03-2017 дата публикации

COMBINED REMEDIATION BIOMASS AND BIO-PRODUCT PRODUCTION PROCESS

Номер: US20170072442A1
Автор: James Joseph J.
Принадлежит: Agri-Tech Producers,LLC

A method, for mitigating an environmental condition, may include assessing a geographic area with which the environmental condition is associated; and creating a plan to mitigate the environmental condition. The plan may identify a bio-crop for mitigating the environmental condition and a bio-product to be produced from the bio-crop. The method may also include planting the bio-crop in soil that is located within the geographical area. The bio-crop may be planted in a manner that enables the environmental condition to be mitigated. The method may further include harvesting the bio-crop based on planting the bio-crop; processing the harvested bio-crop to obtain biomass; producing the bio-product based on the biomass; and outputting the bio-product based on producing the bio-product. 1. A method for mitigating an environmental condition , the method comprising:assessing a geographic area with which the environmental condition is associated;creating, based on the assessment, a plan to mitigate the environmental condition, the plan identifying a bio-crop for mitigating the environmental condition and a bio-product to be produced from the bio-crop;planting, based on creating the plan, the bio-crop in soil that is located within the geographical area, the bio-crop being planted in a manner that enables the bio-crop to mitigate the environmental condition;harvesting the bio-crop based on planting the bio-crop;processing the harvested bio-crop to obtain biomass;processing the biomass to create the bio-product; andoutputting the bio-product based on processing the biomass.2. The method of claim 1 , where the environmental condition corresponds to at least one of:deforested soil,unstable soil,contaminated ground water that includes one or more pollutants,industrial waste that includes the one or more pollutants,exposure to wind due to the deforested soil,depleted soil that cannot sustain agriculture, oragricultural soil that includes nutrients that are polluting the ...

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Номер записи: 59
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Biofuel and method for preparation by isomerizing metathesis

Номер: US20190071611A1
Автор: Kai F. Pfister, Lukas Goossen, Sabrina BAADER
Принадлежит: Umicore AG and Co KG

Subject of the invention is a process for producing a biofuel from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils, comprising the steps of: (a) ethenolysis of the fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of ethylene and an ethenolysis catalyst, and (b) isomerizing metathesis in the presence of an isomerization catalyst and a metathesis catalyst. The invention also relates to biofuels obtainable by the inventive process and to uses of ethylene for adjusting and optimizing biofuels.

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Номер записи: 60
26-03-2015 дата публикации

Methods and Compositions for the Recombinant Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Esters

Номер: US20150082691A1
Автор: Afeyan Noubar Boghos, Berry David Arthur, Ridley Christian Perry, Robertson Dan Eric, Sholl Martha, Skraly Frank Anthony, Wilpiszeski Regina
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure identifies methods and compositions for modifying photoautotrophic organisms, such that the organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into compounds such as esters and fatty acids. In certain embodiments, the compounds produced are secreted into the medium used to culture the organisms. 1. A fuel composition comprising a mixture of one or more fatty acid esters , wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters in the mixture is tetradecanoic acid ester , Δ9-hexadecenoic acid ester , hexadecanoic acid ester , heptadecanoic acid ester , Δ9-octadecenoic acid ester , or octadecanoic acid ester , and wherein at least a portion of the carbon used as raw material of the one or more fatty acid esters in the mixture is inorganic carbon.2. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the fatty acid esters in the mixture are hexadecanoic acid ester and octadecanoic acid ester.3. The fuel composition of claim 3 , wherein the amount of hexadecanoic acid ester in the mixture is between 1.5 and 10 fold greater than the amount of octadecanoic acid ester in the mixture.4. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters in the mixture is hexadecanoic acid ester.5. The fuel composition of claim 4 , wherein at least 50% of the fatty acid ester in the mixture is hexadecanoic acid ester.6. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition is a low-sulfur fuel composition.7. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition is a carbon-neutral fuel composition.8. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition has a higher δthan a comparable fuel composition made from fixed atmospheric carbon or plant-derived biomass.9. The fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic carbon is carbon dioxide.10. A fuel composition comprising a mixture of one or more fatty acid esters claim 1 , wherein at least one of the fatty acid esters in the mixture is tetradecanoic acid ...

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Номер записи: 61
12-03-2020 дата публикации

Gtbe compositions, methods and installations for enhanced octane boosting

Номер: US20200080014A1
Автор: Geert Frederik Versteeg, Wouter Nicolaas Wermink
Принадлежит: PROCEDE HOLDING BV

Techniques for boosting octane of gasoline can include using glycerol and isobutene in a reaction vessel under conditions to generate a blend of Glycerol Tert-Butyl Ethers (GTBE) comprising mono-GTBEs, di-GTBEs and tri-GTBE; regulating the conditions to favor production of mono-GTBEs according to equilibrium reactions, thereby producing a mono-shifted GTBE blend; and using the mono-shifted GTBE blend with gasoline as an octane booster. If a GTBE blend with further increased octane boosting capacity is desired, a purification/separation step can be included in the process to increase the mono-GTBE content of the mono-shifted GTBE blend. For blends with target density or viscosity, the production can be regulated to obtain a GTBE blend with an increase or decrease in density and/or viscosity. Compositions, processes, methods and installations are described for providing enhancements in the production and use of GTBE and its components.

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Номер записи: 62
12-03-2020 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS FROM PLANT LIPIDS

Номер: US20200080022A1
Автор: El Tahchy Anna, Leita Benjamin Aldo, Liu Qing, Petrie James Robertson, Reynolds Kyle, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas
Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to methods of producing industrial products from plant lipids, particularly from vegetative parts of plants. In particular, the present invention provides oil products such as biodiesel and synthetic diesel and processes for producing these, as well as plants having an increased level of one or more non-polar lipids such as triacylglycerols and an increased total non-polar lipid content. In one particular embodiment, the present invention relates to combinations of modifications in two or more of lipid handling enzymes, oil body proteins, decreased lipid catabolic enzymes and/or transcription factors regulating lipid biosynthesis to increase the level of one or more non-polar lipids and/or the total non-polar lipid content and/or mono-unsaturated fatty acid content in plants or any part thereof. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for extracting lipids. In another embodiment, the lipid is converted to one or more hydrocarbon products in harvested plant vegetative parts to produce alkyl esters of the fatty acids which are suitable for use as a renewable biodiesel fuel. 2. The process of claim 1 , which is characterised by one or more or all of:(i) the vegetative plant parts have a dry weight of at least 1 kg,(ii) the vegetative plant parts have a total non-polar lipid content of at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, or between 30% and 75% on a dry weight basis,(iii) the composition has a solids concentration between 5% and 90%(iv) the catalysts comprises NaOH or KOH or both, preferably at a concentration of 0.1M to 2M,(v) the treatment time is between 1 and 60 minutes, preferably between 10 and 60 minutes, preferably between 15 and 30 minutes,(vi) if the solvent is water the process produces a yield of the oil product between a minimum of 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% or 40% and a maximum of 55% or 60% by weight relative to the dry weight of the vegetative plant parts,(vii) if the ...

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Номер записи: 63
25-03-2021 дата публикации

BIODIESEL FROM KARAYA OIL

Номер: US20210087485A1
Автор: DIBBLE Robert Woodrow, GALANDER Aiman Ali, WASFI Bayan Mustafa
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe methods of producing fuel additive compositions from karaya oil comprising reacting a karaya oil extract with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst to produce fatty acid esters in a crude product mixture; and separating the fatty acid esters from the crude product mixture to obtain the fuel additive composition. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe fuel additive compositions comprising a mixture of fatty acid esters from karaya oil, and fuel compositions comprising a fuel additive composition and optionally diesel fuel. 1. A method of producing a fuel additive from karaya oil , comprising:reacting a karaya oil extract with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst to produce fatty acid esters in a crude product mixture; andseparating the fatty acid esters from the crude product mixture to obtain a fuel additive.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting proceeds by contacting the karaya oil extract with the alcohol and catalyst to form a reaction solution.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting proceeds by heating the reaction solution to a first temperature.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature ranges from about 60° C. to about 140° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the karaya oil extract includes triglycerides claim 1 , free fatty acids claim 1 , water claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , butanol claim 1 , amyl alcohol claim 1 , isopropanol claim 1 , or butanol.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the alcohol to karaya oil extract is at least about 3:1 claim 1 , about 6:1 claim 1 , or about 12:1.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium carbonate claim 1 , potassium carbonate claim 1 , sodium methoxide claim 1 , sodium ethoxide claim 1 , sodium propoxide claim 1 , or sodium ...

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Номер записи: 64
29-03-2018 дата публикации

COMPOSITION FOR REMOVING ORGANIC DEPOSITS FROM OIL AND GAS WELLS AND OTHER SUBSURFACE SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR REMOVING ORGANIC DEPOSITS USING THE REMOVER COMPOSITION

Номер: US20180086967A1
Автор: CEZARIO Wendel Rodrigues, DA SILVA Plinio Martins Dias, DE CAMPOS Rosana Serfaty, MENEZES Rodrigo Pio Borges, PORTUGAL Pedro Aledi, VIEIRA LIMA Guilherme dos Santos
Принадлежит: PETROLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRAS

The present invention relates to a method for removing organic deposits from oil and gas wells and other subsystem systems comprising cumene and biodiesel. The invention also relates to a method for removing organic deposits, including the steps for pumping said remover composition through a riser and/or through peripheral pipes of the umbilical and/or production pipe, leaving the composition in contact with the deposit for a sufficient time for removal of at least 50% of such. 1. A remover composition of organic deposits and fouling in oil and gas wells and other subsurface systems , comprising (A) 75% to 97.5% by weight of cumene and (B) 2.5 to 25% by weight of biodiesel.2. The remover composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 95% by weight of cumene and 5% by weight of biodiesel.3. The remover composition according to claim 1 , wherein the cumene consists of pure cumene (isopropylbenzene with purity above 99.9%) or contaminated cumene with up to 10% by weight of diisopropylbenzene (DIPB) and up to 3% by weight of 1 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,5-triisopropylbenzene (TIPB) claim 1 , based on cumene weight.4. The remover composition according to claim 1 , wherein the biodiesel comprises methyl esters derived from polyunsaturated-rich vegetable oils selected from the group consisting of soybean claim 1 , cotton and sunflower oil.5. The remover composition according to claim 4 , wherein the biodiesel comprises antioxidant additives selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 4 ,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT) claim 4 , 2 claim 4 , 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) and 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA).6. The remover composition of claim 5 , wherein the concentration of the oxidizing additive ranges from 100 to 1000 ppm.7. The remover composition of claim 4 , wherein the methyl ester is methyl isoate.8. The remover composition according to claim 1 , which has a flash point above 46° C.9. A method for removing organic deposits claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 65
29-03-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR RECOVERING ALGAL OIL

Номер: US20180087003A1
Автор: Anthony Rayford Gaines, Borsinger Gregory G., HASSAN Abbas, Hassan Aziz
Принадлежит:

Herein disclosed is a method of processing a medium containing algae microorganisms to produce algal oil and by-products, comprising providing the medium containing algae microorganisms; passing the medium through a rotor-stator high shear device; disintegrating cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products; and removing the algae medium from an outlet of the high shear device. In an embodiment, disintegration is enhanced by a penetrating gas capable of permeating the cell wall. In an embodiment, enhancement is accomplished by super-saturation of the penetrating gas in the medium or increased gas pressure in a vessel. In an embodiment, the penetrating gas is different from the gas produced by the cell during respiration. A suitable system is also discussed in this disclosure. 1. A system comprisinga rotor-stator high shear device configured to process a medium containing algae microorganisms to produce algal oil and by-products,wherein said high shear device is operated to disintegrate cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products,wherein said high shear device comprises an inlet to take in said medium containing algae microorganisms and an outlet for the algae medium to be removed from the high shear device.2. The system of comprising at least two rotor-stator high shear devices fluidly connected in series to process said medium containing algae microorganisms and disintegrate cell walls of and intracellular organelles in the algae microorganisms to release algal oil and by-products.3. The system of further comprising a separation system configured to separate algal oil and by-products from the medium.4. The system of further comprising a conversion system configured to convert algal oil to biodiesel.5. The system of comprising a pressurized vessel to enhance said disintegration.6. The system of comprising a de-watering unit for the medium ...

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Номер записи: 66
30-03-2017 дата публикации

PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR GENERATING GLYCEROL ETHERS THROUGH TRANSETHERIFICATION

Номер: US20170088496A1
Автор: Aramburo Luis, Dittrich Christoph, Matarredona Antonio
Принадлежит:

A process of generating a glycerol ether is provided. The process includes reacting isobutylene with an alcohol to obtain a tertiary alkyl ether through an etherification reaction and generating a glycerol ether from the tertiary alkyl ether and glycerol through a transetherification reaction, A system for generating a glycerol ether is also provided. 1. A process of generating a glycerol ether , comprising:reacting isobutylene with an alcohol to obtain a tertiary alkyl ether through an etherification reaction; andgenerating glycerol ether from the tertiary alkyl ether and glycerol through a transetherification reaction.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the glycerol ether comprises a glycerol tert-butyl ether (GTBE).3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the glycerol tert-butyl ether (GTBE) comprises an ether selected from di-tert-butyl glycerol ethers (di-GTBEs) claim 2 , tri-tert-butyl glycerol ether (tri-GTBE) claim 2 , or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary alkyl ether is methyl tert-butyl ether.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is methanol.6. (canceled)7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising obtaining isobutylene from a Chydrocarbon mixture of alkanes and alkenes.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the Chydrocarbon mixture of alkanes and alkenes is Craffinate-1.9. The process of claim 7 , further comprising obtaining the Chydrocarbon mixture of alkanes and alkenes from extracting butadiene from a Chydrocarbon mixture.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the transetherification reaction is catalyzed by one or more catalysts selected from liquid acids claim 1 , solid acids claim 1 , or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.11. The process of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the catalysts is an ion-exchange resin.12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the transetherification reaction regenerates an alcohol.13. The process of claim 12 , further comprising feeding ...

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Номер записи: 67
19-03-2020 дата публикации

PROCESSING MATERIALS

Номер: US20200086273A1
Автор: Masterman Thomas Craig, Medoff Marshall, PARADIS Robert
Принадлежит:

Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, novel systems, methods and equipment for conveying and/or cooling treated biomass are described. 1. A system for processing a biomass material comprising:a first treatment cell equipped with a first electron beam device for irradiating the biomass material with electron beams, anda screw conveyor comprising a housing and interior portions, wherein the interior portions convey the irradiated biomass material from the first treatment cell and the housing is cooled.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second treatment cell equipped with an second electron beam device claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor conveys the biomass material from the first treatment cell to the second treatment cell.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the housing is cooled using a chilled liquid.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the housing is cooled using water or glycol water mixtures.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises two or more screws.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor has a material inlet and a material discharge.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second treatment cells are capable of delivering a total dose of between about 1 and 200 Mrad.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the first and second treatment cells are capable of delivering a total dose of between about 10 Mrad and about 50 Mrad.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the first and second treatment cells are capable of delivering a total dose of between about 20 Mrad and about 40 Mrad.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor further comprises a notched flight for comminuting the biomass material while it is conveyed.11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the biomass comprises a lignocellulosic material.12. The system of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first and second electron beam devices ...

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Номер записи: 68
09-04-2015 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Producing Energy

Номер: US20150099285A1
Автор: Richard L. Clements, Steven M. Clements
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention relates to systems and methods for producing energy. Specifically, the present invention relates to systems and methods for producing energy, such as energy in the form of electricity, and fuels, such as, for example, biodiesel and/or cellulosic ethanol in a small scale energy center. Moreover, the systems and methods of the present invention provide for recovery of materials, such as in soil production and/or recycling.

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Номер записи: 69
12-05-2022 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS FLOW SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF BIODIESEL

Номер: US20220143567A1
Автор: BJARNASON Eirikur, INGOLFSSON Oddur, INGOLFSSON Sigurdur, MATTHIASSON Asgeir
Принадлежит: YMIR TECHNOLOGIES EHF.

Provided is a system and method for producing and purifying biodiesel. In particular, the system comprises a tandem arrangement of at a modular biodiesel reactor and a continuous flow separation and purification unit. The system can further comprise an evaporation unit that is placed between the biodiesel reactor and the continuous flow separation and purification unit. 1. A continuous flow biodiesel production and purification system comprising a tandem arrangement comprising at least one continuous flow modular biodiesel reactor unit and at least one continuous flow separation and purification unit , wherein the modular biodiesel reactor unit comprises a plurality of contact plates , providing adjacent reactant channel and thermal channel for reactant mixture and thermal media for temperature control , respectively.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the continuous flow separation and purification unit is arranged in one column that comprises at least one separation section claim 1 , at least one wet washing section and at least one dry washing/purification section.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the biodiesel reactor unit comprises a plurality of contact plates wherein surfaces of said contact plates provide catalytic activity for esterification and/or transesterification of free fatty acids and or transesterification of glycerides in said reactant channel provided by the contact plates for the reactant mixture.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the biodiesel reactor comprises a plurality of contact plates coated with at least one esterification and/or transesterification catalyst for catalyzing esterification of free fatty acids and or transesterification of glycerides.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the contact plates are arranged such that alternating coated sides face each other forming said reactant channel and two non-coated sides face each other forming said thermal channel claim 4 , such that reactants flow ...

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Номер записи: 70
01-04-2021 дата публикации

CONTROLLED BLENDING OF BIODIESEL INTO DISTILLATE STREAMS

Номер: US20210095216A1
Автор: Fransham Robert, Robbins Colin
Принадлежит:

Methods are provided for accurately blending biodiesel into distillate streams to achieve a pre-determined percentage of biodiesel in the distillate, applicable to wild-type distillate streams as well as distillate streams that already contain some percentage of biodiesel. 1) An automated method of blending biodiesel into a distillate stream to achieve a target biodiesel content comprising:a) providing a distillate stream having a distillate stream flow rate;b) providing a supply of biodiesel having a biodiesel stream flow rate in liquid communication with said distillate stream, separated from said distillate stream by a regulating valve that is under the control of a central processing unit;c) providing a target biodiesel content for said distillate stream;d) periodically measuring an actual biodiesel content in said distillate stream, either upstream or downstream of said regulating valve;e) periodically transmitting said actual biodiesel content to said central processing unit;f) periodically calculating in said central processing unit a target blending rate at which biodiesel can be blended into said distillate stream to achieve the target biodiesel content; andg) modulating said regulating valve to blend biodiesel into said distillate stream at said target blending rate.2) The method of claim 1 , wherein said actual biodiesel content is obtained by generating a spectral response of said distillate stream using absorption spectroscopy with a near infrared analyzer claim 1 , and comparing said spectral response to a chemometric dataset specific for said value in said distillate stream.3) The method of claim 2 , wherein said chemometric dataset is built by taking two or more samples of said distillate from a distillate stream; measuring said physical property of the samples offline; simultaneously with taking the two or more samples claim 2 , obtaining a spectral response of the distillate in the distillate stream using absorption spectroscopy with a near ...

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Номер записи: 71
01-04-2021 дата публикации

USE OF CROSSLINKED POLYMERS FOR LOWERING THE COLD FILTER PLUGGING POINT OF FUELS

Номер: US20210095217A1
Автор: CENACCHI-PEREIRA Ana-Maria, GONZALES Inigo
Принадлежит: TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES

The present invention concerns the use, for lowering the cold filter plugging point of a fuel composition, of one or more crosslinked polymers comprising at least one unit of the following formula (I): in which Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; E represents —O—CO—, or —CO—O— or —NH—CO— or —CO—NH—; and G represents a Cto Calkyl group; said copolymer having a crosslinking rate of between 0.5 mol % and 30 mol %. The invention also concerns additive compositions containing such a polymer, and fuel compositions with such polymers as additives, in combination with a cold flow improver (CFI) chosen from the copolymers and terpolymers of ethylene and vinyl and/or acrylic ester(s). 2. (canceled)3. The use as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the group E of the formula (I) is selected from: —CO—O— and —CO—NH— claim 1 , on the understanding that the group E is linked to the vinyl carbon via the carbon atom claim 1 , and preferably the group E of the formula (I) is the group —CO—O—.4. The use as recited in claim 1 , characterized in that the group G of the formula (I) is a linear or branched acyclic Cto C claim 1 , preferably Cto C claim 1 , more preferentially Cto C claim 1 , more preferentially Cto C claim 1 , even more preferentially Cto C claim 1 , even better Cto Cor Cto C claim 1 , and even more preferentially Cto Calkyl radical.5. The use as recited in claim 4 , characterized in that the group E is a group —CO—O— claim 4 , E being connected to the vinyl carbon via the carbon atom claim 4 , and the group G is a linear or branched acyclic Cto C claim 4 , preferably Cto C claim 4 , more preferentially Cto C claim 4 , even more preferentially Cto C claim 4 , and even better Cto Cor Cto C claim 4 , and even more preferentially Cto Calkyl radical.6. The use as recited in claim 1 , characterized in that the crosslinked polymer is a homopolymer.7. The use as recited in claim 1 , characterized in that the crosslinked polymer is a copolymer selected from ...

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Номер записи: 72
28-03-2019 дата публикации

FUEL DEHYDRATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20190091599A1
Автор: Manns Darren Grant, Weeden Daniel
Принадлежит:

A system for removing moisture from a hydrocarbon-based fluid is described. The system comprises a sealable and vacuum rated chamber disposed within a separator vessel. An open cell reticulated foam media is packed inside the chamber. The hydrocarbon-based fluid may fill the vacuum rated chamber. A vacuum may be applied to the chamber causing undesirable moisture in the fluid to boil under differential vacuum. The reticulated foam media increases the efficacy of the boiling process. Described also is a method for dehydrating a hydrocarbon-based fluid. 1. A dehydration system for removing moisture from a fluid , comprising: a body;', 'a vacuum-rated chamber located within the body;', 'a sealable vacuum intake port on the body, wherein the sealable vacuum intake port connects the body to the vacuum-rated chamber;', 'a sealable fluid intake port on the body, wherein the fluid intake port connects the body to the vacuum-rated chamber; and', 'an open-cell reticulated foam medium, wherein the open-cell reticulated foam medium is disposed within the vacuum-rated chamber; and, 'a separator vessel, comprisinga vacuum pump connected to the sealable vacuum intake port by way of a vacuum-rated conduit.2. The dehydration system of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum pump creates a vacuum between 26 inHg and 30 inHg in the vacuum-rated chamber.3. The dehydration system of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum pump creates a vacuum between 29 inHg and 30 inHg in the vacuum-rated chamber.4. The dehydration system of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum pump creates a vacuum between 29.92 inHg and 30 inHg the vacuum-rated chamber.5. The dehydration system of claim 1 , further comprising:a retaining mechanism affixed to the inner wall of the vacuum-rated chamber for retaining the open-cell reticulated foam medium and preventing the open-cell reticulated foam medium from migrating up the vacuum-rated chamber.6. The dehydration system of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one filter attached to the fluid ...

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Номер записи: 73
05-04-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PURIFYING BIODIESEL

Номер: US20180094201A1
Автор: DE FIGUEIREDO PORTILHO Marcio, QUINTANI Carolina Ludwig, RANGEL Roberto Ricardo, VIEIRA Jose Antonio Vidal, XIMENES Vitor Loureiro
Принадлежит: PETROLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRAS

The present invention describes a process for purifying biodiesel without using a filter aid, in which purification of the biodiesel takes place by a sequence of washing operations after the reaction section, with stirring that is sufficiently vigorous to assist in the transformation of the molecules of esterified steryl glycosides, in order to convert them to a chemical form that can be removed by the process. 1. Process for purifying biodiesel , comprising the following steps:a) operations of washing of a stream of biodiesel followed by decanting; andb) filtration of a light phase resulting from a decanting operation, wherein the filtration is carried out in the absence of filter aids.2. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 1 , further comprising addition of a stream of dilute acid to the stream of biodiesel.3. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 2 , wherein dilute hydrochloric acid is used in the stream of dilute acid.4. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 1 , wherein the washing operation is carried out with stirring above 700 rpm and at a temperature in the range from 50° C. to 60° C.5. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 4 , wherein the washing operation is carried out with stirring above 800 rpm.6. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 2 , wherein the step of addition of acid is carried out before a first washing operation only.7. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 1 , wherein a first washing operation uses dilute glycerol claim 1 , and has a residence time from 2 to 5 minutes.8. Process for purifying biodiesel according to claim 7 , wherein the dilute glycerol is produced in the actual plant of the biodiesel production process.9. Process for purifying biodiesel according to characterized in that a light phase resulting from a decanting operations is cooled to a temperature in the range between 20° C. and 40° C. before it enters a further washing operation.10. Process for ...

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Номер записи: 74
12-05-2022 дата публикации

Benzyl hemiformal-containing biodiesel mixtures

Номер: US20220145197A1
Автор: WACHTLER Peter
Принадлежит: LANXESS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH

A mixture comprising 110-. (canceled)11. A mixture comprisinga) biodiesel, andb) 10% to 60% by weight of benzyl hemiformal.12. The mixture according to claim 11 , wherein the biodiesel is present in an amount of 40% to 90% by weight.13. The mixture according to claim 11 , wherein the components a) and b) are present in an amount of 99-100% by weight based on the mixture.14. The mixture according to claim 11 , comprising claim 11 , as biocide claim 11 , benzyl hemiformal in an amount of more than 95% by weight based on the total amount of biocide in the mixture.15. A process for producing the mixture according to claim 11 , comprising dissolving the benzyl hemiformal in the biodiesel.16. A process for the stabilization of diesel fuel against microorganisms comprising contacting the diesel fuel with the mixture according to .17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the diesel fuel has a biodiesel content of up to 26% by weight.18. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the diesel fuel has a biodiesel content of with less than 2% by weight.19. A diesel fuel comprisingi) at least 200 ppm of benzyl hemiformal andii) 0.18% to 26% by weight of biodiesel.20. The diesel fuel according to claim 19 , wherein the content of benzyl hemiformal is 0.02% to 0.2% by weight and the content of biodiesel is less than or equal to 1.8% by weight claim 19 , based in each case on the diesel fuel. The invention relates to benzyl hemiformal-containing biodiesel mixtures, to a process for producing same, to the use of same for the stabilization of diesel fuels against microorganisms and also to corresponding stabilized diesel fuels.Since the use of biodiesel has gained increasing significance in recent times as a legally stipulated additive in diesel fuels for automobiles, recent years have also correspondingly seen a growing rise in the production and marketing of petrodiesel admixed with biodiesel, known as B5, B10 or B20 diesel fuels, the appended number representing the ...

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Номер записи: 75
28-03-2019 дата публикации

Methods and Devices for Producing Biodiesel and Products Obtained Therefrom

Номер: US20190093048A1
Автор: Albin Bradley N., Downey Jared A., Ellens Cody J., Slade David A., Winkel Derek J.
Принадлежит: Renewable Energy Group, Inc.

Methods and devices for economically producing a purified biodiesel product from feedstocks. Some embodiments of the methods comprise using at least one of a crude feedstock pretreatment process and a free fatty acid refining process prior to transesterification and the formation of crude biodiesel and glycerin. The crude biodiesel is then subjected to at least one biodiesel refining process which, in conjunction with feedstock pretreatment and free fatty acid refining produces a purified biodiesel product that meets multiple commercial specifications. A wide variety of feedstocks may be used to make biodiesel that otherwise would not meet the same commercial specifications, including corn oil, used cooking oil, poultry fats, fatty acid distillates, pennycress oil, and algal oils. The combination of feedstock refining and biodiesel refining processes is necessary to reduce problems associated with feedstocks having waxes, high free fatty acid levels, unacceptable color, high unsaponifiables levels, and high sulfur levels. 1. A method for producing a purified biodiesel from a first feedstock comprising:a. removing free fatty acids from said first feedstock to produce a refined feedstock and free fatty acids;b. transesterifying said refined feedstock to produce a first crude biodiesel;c. distilling said first crude biodiesel to produce the purified biodiesel and a distillation bottoms; andd. converting the free fatty acids to a second feedstock using a free fatty acid conversion process.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of using a transesterification process to convert said second feedstock to a second crude biodiesel.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising the step of combining the second crude biodiesel with the first crude biodiesel and refining the first crude biodiesel and second crude biodiesel together in step (c).4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of combining the second feedstock with the refined feedstock and ...

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Номер записи: 76
14-04-2016 дата публикации

Heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification and method of preparing same

Номер: US20160102041A1
Автор: Peter Gregory Ham, Umakant Pravinchandra Joshi
Принадлежит: Crystaphase International Inc

A transesterification catalyst that is heterogeneous and a method for preparing said transesterification catalyst are provided. The catalyst can be used in a variety of transesterification reactor configurations including CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactors), ebullated (or ebullating) beds or any other fluidized bed reactors, and PFR (plug flow, fixed bed reactors). The catalyst can be used for manufacturing commercial grade biodiesel, biolubricants and glycerin.

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Номер записи: 77
26-03-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING LOW-SULFUR BIODIESEL

Номер: US20200095511A1
Автор: JI Jianbing, LIANG Xiaojiang, LU Meizhen, NIE Yong, SU Yanbin, XIA FAN, XIE Qinglong
Принадлежит: Zhejiang University of Technology

The present invention relates to a method for preparing low-sulfur biodiesel. The method includes the following steps: subjecting raw crude oil to heat exchange, preheating, glycerol esterification reaction, flashing, cooling, transesterification, dealcoholization, sedimentation, and methyl ester rectification to obtain low-sulfur biodiesel up to the standard, where in the heat exchange process, the raw crude oil exchanges heat with flashed oil to recycle some heat, and glycerol and fatty acids in a distilled product subjected to flashing are reused for the glycerol esterification reaction; the dealcoholization process removes methanol in a system after the transesterification, and refined methanol recycled by methanol rectification is reused for the transesterification reaction; crude glycerol generated in the sedimentation process does not need to be treated and is directly used for glycerol rectification to obtain refined glycerol, and the refined glycerol is reused for the glycerol esterification reaction. 1. A method for preparing low-sulfur biodiesel , comprising the following steps: subjecting raw crude oil to heat exchange , preheating , glycerol esterification reaction , flashing , cooling , transesterification , dealcoholization , sedimentation , methyl ester rectification to obtain low-sulfur biodiesel up to the standard , wherein in the heat exchange process , the raw crude oil exchanges heat with flashed oil to recycle some heat , and glycerol and fatty acids in a distilled product subjected to flashing are reused for the glycerol esterification reaction; the dealcoholization process removes methanol in a system after the transesterification , and refined methanol recycled by methanol rectification is reused for the transesterification reaction; crude glycerol generated in the sedimentation process is subjected to glycerol rectification to obtain refined glycerol , and the refined glycerol is reused for the glycerol esterification reaction;wherein in ...

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Номер записи: 78
26-03-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND USE

Номер: US20200095513A1
Автор: Le Manquais Katherine, Petts Matthew, Ross Alan Norman
Принадлежит: INNOSPEC LIMITED

A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol or formula ROH, wherein R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group. 1. A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol of formula ROH , wherein R is an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group.2. A method of combatting deposits in a diesel engine , the method comprising combusting in the engine a diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and an alcohol of formula ROH , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group.3. (canceled)4. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride.5. The composition according to wherein R is an alkyl group having 6 to 36 carbon atoms.6. The composition according to any wherein the polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof includes an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms.7. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride and alcohol of formula ROH are reacted in a ratio of from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5.10. The composition according to wherein the additive comprises the reaction product of a succinic acid or anhydride having a Cto Calkyl or alkenyl substituent and an alcohol selected from the group consisting of butanol and 2-ethylhexanol.12. The composition according to wherein the diesel engine is a modern diesel engine having a high pressure fuel system.13. The method according to which achieves “keep clean” performance.14. The method according to which ...

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Номер записи: 79
26-03-2020 дата публикации

Compositions Containing Diesel and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester/Maleic Anhydride/Esters (FAME/MA/Esters) and the Use of FAME/MA/Esters to Improve the Lubricity of Diesel

Номер: US20200095514A1
Автор: Knothe Gerhard H., LI Jing, Liu Zengshe
Принадлежит:

A composition containing diesel (e.g., containing less than about 15 ppm sulfur) and fatty acid methyl ester/maleic anhydride/esters (FAME/MA/esters), wherein the FAME/MA/esters are prepared by a method involving reacting FAME with MA to form FAME/MA and reacting FAME/MA with alkyl alcohol to form FAME/MA/esters; wherein the FAME is conjugated. The FAME/MA/esters are produced from tung oil or from plant oils in which the unsaturated fatty acids have been converted to conjugated fatty acids. Also a method of improving the lubricity of diesel, involving combining diesel and FAME/MA/esters, wherein the FAME/MA/esters are prepared by a method involving reacting FAME with MA to form FAME/MA and reacting FAME/MA with alkyl alcohol to form FAME/MA/esters; wherein the FAME is conjugated. 1. A composition comprising diesel and FAME/MA/esters , wherein said FAME/MA/esters are prepared by a method comprising reacting FAME with MA to form FAME/MA and reacting FAME/MA with alkyl alcohol to form FAME/MA/esters; wherein said FAME is conjugated.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said diesel contains less than about 15 ppm sulfur.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said FAME/MA/esters are produced from tung oil.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said FAME/MA/esters are produced from plant oils in which the unsaturated fatty acids have been converted to conjugated fatty acids.5. A method of improving the lubricity of diesel claim 1 , said method comprising combining diesel and FAME/MA/esters claim 1 , wherein said FAME/MA/esters are prepared by a method comprising reacting FAME with MA to form FAME/MA and reacting FAME/MA with alkyl alcohol to form FAME/MA/esters; wherein said FAME is conjugated.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said diesel contains less than about 15 ppm sulfur. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/733,774, filed 20 Sep. 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its ...

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Номер записи: 80
04-04-2019 дата публикации

TAILORED OILS PRODUCED FROM RECOMBINANT OLEAGINOUS MICROORGANISMS

Номер: US20190100780A1
Автор: Bhat Riyaz, Franklin Scott, Moseley Jeffrey L., Rakitsky Walter, Rudenko George, Somanchi Aravind, Wee Janice, ZHAO Xinhua
Принадлежит:

Methods and compositions for the production of oil, fuels, oleochemicals, and other compounds in recombinant microorganisms are provided, including oil-bearing microorganisms and methods of low cost cultivation of such microorganisms. Microalgal cells containing exogenous genes encoding, for example, a lipase, a sucrose transporter, a sucrose invertase, a fructokinase, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, a keto acyl-ACP synthase enzyme, a fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase, a fatty acyl-CoA/aldehyde reductase, a fatty acyl-CoA reductase, a fatty aldehyde reductase, a fatty acid hydroxylase, a desaturase enzyme, a fatty aldehyde decarbonylase, and/or an acyl carrier protein are useful in manufacturing transportation fuels such as renewable diesel, biodiesel, and renewable jet fuel, as well as oleochemicals such as functional fluids, surfactants, soaps and lubricants. 1114.-. (canceled)115. A method of producing a triglyceride oil , the method comprising:a. cultivating a recombinant oleaginous microbe, the microbe comprising an exogenous gene that encode a β-ketoacyl synthase II (KASII) peptide;b. recovering the triglyceride oil from said recombinant oleaginous microbe; andwherein the triglyceride oil is enriched in C18 fatty acids or reduced in C16 fatty acids.116. The method of claim 115 , wherein the triglyceride oil is enriched in C18:0 and C18:1 fatty acids.117. The method of claim 115 , wherein the triglyceride is reduced in C16:0 fatty acids.118. The method of claim 115 , wherein the triglyceride oil comprises at least 60% C18:1.119. The method of claim 115 , wherein the recombinant oleaginous microbe is microalgae.120ProtothecaChlorella.. The method of claim 119 , wherein the microalgae is the genus or121Prototheca moriformis.. The method of claim 120 , wherein the microalgae is122. The method of claim 119 , wherein the exogenous nucleic acids are codon-optimized for expression in microalgae.123. The method of claim 122 , wherein the codon optimized nucleic acids ...

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Номер записи: 81
21-04-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING A FATTY ACID ALKYL ESTER

Номер: US20160108344A1
Автор: BOFFITO DARIA CAMILLA, EDAKE MAHESH, NEAGOE CRISTIAN, Patience Gregory
Принадлежит:

A process and a system for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester from an alcohol and a feedstock containing transesterifiable lipids are provided. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous alcohol and/or the gaseous ether and/or the gaseous feedstock are provided by atomization of the alcohol and/or the ether and/or the feedstock claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , preferably by atomization of a liquid mixture of the feedstock with the alcohol and/or the ether.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the atomization is carried out using an atomizer nozzle and an inert atomization gas.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the atomization gas is carbon monoxide and/or dioxide claim 3 , methane claim 3 , ethane claim 3 , water vapour claim 3 , nitrogen claim 3 , oxygen claim 3 , nitrous oxides claim 3 , hydrogen claim 3 , ethylene claim 3 , or a noble gas claim 3 , preferably nitrogen or argon.5. The process of any one of to claim 3 , wherein the alcohol and/or the ether and/or the feedstock or the liquid mixture is heated before atomization.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the alcohol and/or the ether and/or the feedstock or the liquid mixture is at a temperature between about 25 and about 500° C. claim 5 , preferably between about 40 and about 70° C. claim 5 , before atomization.7. The process of any one of to claim 5 , wherein the alcohol is a Caliphatic linear or branched alcohol optionally substituted by an aryl or heteroaryl group.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the alcohol is one or more of methanol claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , propanol claim 7 , butanol claim 7 , hexanol claim 7 , heptanol claim 7 , octanol claim 7 , nonanol claim 7 , decanol claim 7 , benzyl alcohol claim 7 , iso-butyl alcohol claim 7 , n-butyl alcohol claim 7 , 2-ethyl hexanol claim 7 , furfuryl alcohol claim 7 , iso-propyl alcohol claim 7 , or n-propyl alcohol claim 7 , preferably methanol or ethanol claim 7 , and more preferably methanol.9. The process of any one of to claim 7 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 82
23-04-2015 дата публикации

METHODS AND PRODUCTS FOR GENERATING OILS

Номер: US20150111263A1
Автор: Newell Martha Karen
Принадлежит:

Compositions and methods for enhancing secretion of oils from oil producing cells are described herein. In particular, secretion of oils is enhanced by treating the cells with herbicides. The oils generated according to the invention may be useful, for example, in the production of biofuels. 1. A method , comprisingcontacting an oil producing cell with an herbicide in an effective amount to promote secretion of oil by the cell and collecting the oil from the oil producing cell.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is a method for preparing a biofuel and further comprising processing the oil to produce a biofuel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the herbicide is a sulfonylurea.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sulfonylurea is selected from the group consisting of Chlorpropamide claim 3 , glimepiride claim 3 , glyburide claim 3 , glipizide claim 3 , Tolazamide claim 3 , and Tolbutamide.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sulfonylurea is glyburide.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil is processed to produce biofuel using a thermochemical liquification process.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil is processed to produce biofuel using a pyrolysis process.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil producing cell is an algae.9schizochytrium.. The method of claim 8 , wherein the algae is a10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofuel is syngas.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the syngas is processed by a FischerTropsch reaction to produce a biodiesel.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofuel is biodiesel.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the biodiesel is processed using a transesterification process.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the transesterification process is achieved by mixing the oil with methanol.15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the oil producing cell with an inhibitor of fatty acid metabolism.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein claim 15 , wherein the inhibitor of fatty acid metabolism is an ...

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Номер записи: 83
20-04-2017 дата публикации

Biofuel composition

Номер: US20170107437A1
Автор: Evgenii Valentinovich PANTELEEV, Galina Viktorovna Panteleeva, Pavel Evgenievich Panteleev
Принадлежит: RECYCLE LLC

This invention relates to the fuels, and can be used in the national economy as a motor fuel equivalent by its physical and chemical properties to the oil motor fuel. The technical result of this invention is a biofuel produced, which allows to improve the combustion process efficiency in engine operation, increase engine power and reduce the startup time. In addition, this product can be used to reduce harmful emissions from the engine with significant cost reduction by using components based on low-cost large tonnage products available provided with domestic raw materials, including renewable ones, improve cold flow performance and increase the cetane number. This effect can be achieved by the biofuel as a mixture of dietilformal 40-80 by vol. % and glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids 20-60 by vol. %. Vegetable oils are used as glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids.

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Номер записи: 84
02-04-2020 дата публикации

HYDRODEOXIGENATION PROCESS OF VEGETABLE OILS FOR OBTAINING GREEN DIESEL

Номер: US20200102506A1
Автор: ABURTO ANELL Jorge Arturo, AMEZCUA ALLIERI Myriam Adela, DIAZ GARCIA Leonardo, LUNA RAMIREZ Maria del Rosario Socorro, MEDELLIN RIVERA Lucia, RAMIREZ VERDUZCO Luis Felipe, RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ Javier Esteban
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a process for the hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils or animal fats to produce green diesel, which comprises contacting the vegetable oil or animal fat with a Nickel-Molybdenum or Cobalt-Molybdenum catalyst supported on alumina-titania or titania, respectively; in a fixed bed reactor in the presence of hydrogen. The process involves hydrocracking, hydrogenation, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, carried out in a fixed bed reactor at temperature of about 270° C. to about 360° C., pressure of about 40 kg/cmto about 60 kg/cm, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) between about 0.8 hto about 3.0 h, and H/oil ratio of about 2,700 ft/bbl to about 7,000 ft/bbl, that allows to obtain a conversion up to 99% and up to 92.7% yield on green diesel. 1. A hydrodeoxigenation process , comprising:a reaction between one of vegetable oils or animal fats with hydrogen, the reaction in the presence of a catalyst comprising one of Nickel-Molybdenum supported on alumina-titania or Cobalt-Molybdenum supported on alumina;wherein the reaction is loaded in a fixed bed reactor.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is characterized by reaching a green diesel yield in a range from about 82.7% to about 92.7% and a conversion superior to 99%.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction breaks the C—O bonds present in triacylglycerides of the vegetable oils or animal fats claim 1 , in order to obtain diacylglycerides claim 1 , monoacylglycerides claim 1 , and carboxylic acids claim 1 , by a series of multiple reactions.4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the carboxylic acids are transformed into even and odd n-paraffin claim 3 , carbon dioxide claim 3 , carbon monoxide claim 3 , and water through parallel chemical reactions of deoxygenation claim 3 , decarboxylation claim 3 , and decarbonylation.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the parallel chemical reactions of deoxygenation claim 4 , decarboxylation claim ...

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Номер записи: 85
27-04-2017 дата публикации

A Process For The Preparation of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters

Номер: US20170113996A1
Автор: Ketav Kulkarni, Patrick Perlmutter, Reno Emilio Beltrame
Принадлежит: Southern Biofuel Technology Pty Ltd

The present invention broadly relates to a process for preparing fatty acid alkyl esters from fat-containing feedstocks using sulfonated fatty acid catalysts.

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Номер записи: 86
07-05-2015 дата публикации

Integrated ethanol and biodiesel facility

Номер: US20150125913A1
Автор: Brandon Awtrey, Daniel Johnson, Rachel Overheul
Принадлежит: WB Technologies LLC

An integrated facility for the co-production of ethanol and biodiesel fuel is provided. Ethanol and corn oil, the primary product and a by-product from the ethanol plant, are utilized as feedstocks for a biodiesel plant operating within the same general facility as the corn ethanol plant. By-products of the biodiesel plant, principally crude liquid glycerol and gaseous ethanol or methanol, are recycled to various parts of the ethanol plant.

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Номер записи: 87
04-05-2017 дата публикации

Biodiesel compositions containing pour point depressants and crystallization modifiers

Номер: US20170121617A1
Автор: Athira Mohanan, Laziz Bouzidi, Suresh Narine
Принадлежит: TRENT UNIVERSITY

This present disclosure relates to biodiesel compositions comprising polymeric pour point depressants, and crystallization modifiers, to improve cold flow properties for biodiesel fuels.

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Номер записи: 88
04-05-2017 дата публикации

CERTAIN TRIACYLGLYCEROLS AS CRYSTALLIZATION DEPRESSANTS

Номер: US20170121623A1
Автор: Bouzidi Laziz, Mohanan Athira, Narine Suresh
Принадлежит:

This application relates to the polymorphism and microstructure of certain triacylglycerols and fatty acid methyl esters, including 1,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol and methyl stearate, and how the properties of these individual components in a biodiesel fuel, as well as their combined mixtures, helps understand the fundamental mechanisms of their crystallization so as to design biodiesel fuels with improved low temperature characteristics. 1. A biodiesel crystallization depressant composition comprising a triacylglycerol comprising 1 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol wherein the 1 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol is mixed with a biodiesel fuel comprising methyl stearate to a desired molar fraction , X , where X ranges from 0 to 1.0 , and further wherein the 1 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol begins crystallization depression from inception of addition down to a maximum at molar fraction 0.70.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of the 1 claim 1 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol and the methyl stearate comprises one eutectic at 0.70 claim 1 , one peritectic 0.25and a singularity indicative of a 1:1 compound mixture at 0.54.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the mixture of the 1 claim 2 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol and the methyl stearate comprises a eutectic at molar fraction 0.70 claim 2 , wherein an average crystal size is less than 20 μm at 0.70.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the mixture of the 1 claim 2 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol and the methyl stearate comprises a peritectic at molar fraction 0.25 claim 2 , wherein an average crystal size is less than 250 μm at 0.25.5070. The composition of claim 1 , wherein at a molar fraction . claim 1 , the composition begins crystallization at 15° C. and completes crystallization at −17° C.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein from molar fraction 0.05to molar fraction 0.50 claim 1 , the mixture of the 1 claim 1 ,2-dioleoyl-3-stearoyl glycerol and the methyl stearate comprises monoclinic and ...

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Номер записи: 89
25-04-2019 дата публикации

LOW CARBON BIO-OIL AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD

Номер: US20190119591A1
Автор: Chang Yang-Chuang, CHUANG Haw-Yeu, HSIEH Tzu-Hsien, KANG Wen-Cheng
Принадлежит:

In order to develop a high combustion heat and stable bio-oil for safer transportation. The present invention discloses a low carbon bio-oil, selected from the group consisting of a thermo-chemical oil product, a fatty acid containing bio-oil and a bio-alcohol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of preparing the low carbon bio-oil. 1. A low-carbon bio-oil selected from the group consisting of a biomass thermo-chemical oil , a fatty acid-rich bio-oil , and bio-alcohol , wherein a range of high heat combustion for the low-carbon bio-oil is 3000-7000 cal/g.2. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 1 , wherein the weight percentage of the fatty acid-rich bio-oil of the low-carbon bio-oil is less than 20%.3. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 1 , wherein the weight percentage of the bio-alcohol of the low-carbon bio-oil is 0.1-10%.4. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 1 , wherein the biomass thermo-chemical oil is a biomass pyrolysis oil claim 1 , a carbonized tar claim 1 , a liquid product after carbonization claim 1 , pyrolysis or gasification.5. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 4 , wherein the fatty acid-rich bio-oil is a black high acid value oils claim 4 , a white high acid value oil or a palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD).6. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 5 , wherein the weight ratio of the biomass pyrolysis oil to the black high acid value oil is 1:1.7. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 5 , wherein the weight ratio of the biomass pyrolysis oil to the white high acid value oil is 3:1.8. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 5 , wherein the weight ratio of the carbonized tar to the black high acid value oil is 3:1.9. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 5 , wherein the weight ratio of the carbonized tar to the white high acid value oil is 3:1.10. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 4 , wherein the fatty acid-rich bio-oil is obtained from a waste oil after manufacture process.11. The low-carbon bio-oil of claim 5 , wherein the alcohol is ethanol claim 5 , butanol or a higher alcohol ...

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Номер записи: 90
27-05-2021 дата публикации

USE OF HYPOPHOSPHOROUS ACID FOR THE ESTERIFICATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS

Номер: US20210155870A1
Автор: Laffitte Jean-Alex
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The use of hypophosphorous acid as a corrosion inhibitor for esterification reactions of free fatty acids contained in a fatty substance is described, particularly in the presence of an organosulfonic acid. The invention also relates to a method for the esterification of fatty acids. 1. Use of hypophosphorous acid as a corrosion inhibiter for esterification reactions of free fatty acids , in the presence of an organosulfonic acid.2. Use according to claim 1 , wherein the organosulfonic acid is of formula R-503H claim 1 , wherein R represents a saturated hydrocarbon chain claim 1 , linear or branched claim 1 , including 1 to 4 carbon atoms claim 1 , or an aryl radical optionally substituted by a saturated hydrocarbon chain claim 1 , linear or branched claim 1 , including 1 to 4 carbon atoms claim 1 , and optionally substituted claim 1 , in whole or in part claim 1 , by one or more halogen atoms claim 1 , identical or different.3. Use according to claim 1 , wherein the organosulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid claim 1 , paratoluenesulfonic acid and a mixture thereof.4. A composition comprisinghypophosphorous acid, andan organosulfonic acid,said acids being in a ratio by mass of hypophosphorous acid to organosulfonic acid ranging from 0.01 to 0.4, andoptionally an aqueous diluent, organic, or hydroorganic, andoptionally one or more additives.5. The composition according to claim 4 , comprising:from 1% to 20% by weight of the hypophosphorous acid with respect to the total weight of hypophosphorous acid and sulfonic acid, andfrom 80% to 99% by weight of the organosulfonic acid and derivatives thereof with respect to the total weight of hypophosphorous acid and organosulfonic acid.6. A method for the esterification of fatty acids claim 4 , comprising the following successive steps:(a) providing a fatty substance comprising from 1% to 100% by weight of at least one fatty acid;(b) adding at least one alcohol;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00004', 'claim 4'}, '( ...

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Номер записи: 91
14-05-2015 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OIL FROM MICROALGAE

Номер: US20150132812A1
Автор: Oyler James R.
Принадлежит:

A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel. 117-. (canceled)18. A process for production of biofuel from algae , comprising:a) cultivating a carbohydrate-producing algae by autotrophic growth in a first stage;b) shifting growth from autotrophic growth to heterotrophic growth by inducing stress in the carbohydrate-producing algae in a second stage;c) extracting carbohydrates from the starch-producing algae; andd) utilizing the carbohydrate as a component of biofuel production.19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the inducing stress is accomplished with a stress induction mechanism selected from the group consisting of: light deprivation; nutrient deprivation; injection of reactive oxygen; or chemical additives.20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the nutrient deprivation is deprivation of either nitrogen or phosphorous or both nitrogen and phosphorous.21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the reactive oxygen is ozone or peroxide or both ozone and peroxide.22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the stress induction mechanism is a combination of light deprivation and nutrient deprivation.23. The method of claim 18 , wherein shifting from autotrophic growth to heterotrophic growth arrests production of green mass and biologically converts to filling of algae cell bodies with carbohydrates.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the autotrophic growth and heterotrophic growth overlap.25. The process of claim 18 , wherein the carbohydrate-producing algae includes a member selected from the group consisting of diatoms (bacillariophytes) claim 18 , green algae (chlorophytes) claim 18 ...

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Номер записи: 92
21-05-2015 дата публикации

ESTER COMPOUND OF A POLYOL AND FATTY ACID OLIGOMER FOR USE AS A COLD FLOW IMPROVER IN FUEL COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20150135582A1
Автор: Bech Allan Torben, Duelund Maja, Nielsen Jens Mogens, Nygaard Kirsten Braüner, Sparsø Flemming Vang
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a compound as a cold flow improver for a fuel composition, said compound being an ester of (i) a polyol wherein the polyol is selected from at least pentaerythritol, polymers thereof and mixtures thereof; and (ii) a fatty acid oligomer, wherein the fatty acid oligomer has a degree of polymerisation from 2 to 7. The ester compound can be used for reducing, preventing or inhibiting cold filter plugging in a diesel engine. 1. A compound which is an ester of(i) a polyol wherein the polyol is selected from at least pentaerythritol, polymers thereof and mixtures thereof; and(ii) a fatty acid oligomer, wherein the fatty acid oligomer has a degree of polymerisation of from 2 to 7.2. A compound according to wherein the polyol comprises at least one polyol selected from pentaerythritol claim 1 , dipentaerythritol claim 1 , tripentaerythritol claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. A compound according to wherein the polyol further comprises glycerol.4. A compound according to wherein the polyol is at least a mixture of dipentaerythritol and glycerol.6. A compound according to wherein the polyol is at least a compound of Formula I in an amount of at least 50 wt % based on the amount of polyols.7. A compound according to wherein the fatty acid oligomer is prepared from a mixture of at least(i) a saturated fatty acid having a hydroxyl group on the carbon chain of the fatty acid,(ii) an unsaturated fatty acid having a hydroxyl group on the carbon chain of the fatty acid.8. A compound according to wherein the fatty acid oligomer is prepared from at least 12-hydroxy stearic acid.9. A compound according to wherein the fatty acid oligomer is prepared from at least ricinoleic acid.10. A compound according to wherein the fatty acid oligomer is prepared from a mixture of at least(i) 12-hydroxy stearic acid and(ii) ricinoleic acid.11. A compound according to wherein the fatty acid oligomer is prepared from a mixture of at least(i) 12-hydroxy stearic acid in ...

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Номер записи: 93
01-09-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING MICROALGAE CULTURED TO PRODUCE BIOFUEL AND METHOD OF HARVESTING MICROALGAE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20220272899A1
Автор: Kim Jae Hoon
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are a microalgae harvesting apparatus and method. The microalgae harvesting apparatus includes: a gantry crane including traveling towers configured to move along traveling tracks extending along lengthwise directions on both sides of an arrangement of microalgae incubators, a jib installed in the widthwise direction of the traveling towers, a hoist installed on the jib, and a crossbar configured to be selectively lowered and elevated by the hoist; a plurality of harvesters installed to form an N×M array in widthwise and lengthwise directions with respect to the crossbar, and provided with respective doors in the bottom surfaces thereof; a conveyor means configured to move along a lengthwise direction at a height between the microalgae cultivators and the harvesters; and a control panel configured to control the operations of the microalgae harvesting apparatus. 1. A microalgae harvesting apparatus comprising:a gantry crane including traveling towers configured to move along traveling tracks extending along lengthwise directions on both sides of an arrangement of microalgae incubators, a jib installed in a widthwise direction of the traveling towers, a hoist installed on the jib, and a crossbar configured to be selectively lowered and elevated by the hoist;a plurality of harvesters installed to form an N×M array in widthwise and lengthwise directions with respect to the crossbar and provided with respective doors in bottom surfaces thereof;a conveyor means configured to move along a lengthwise direction at a height between the microalgae cultivators and the harvesters; anda control panel configured to control movement of the gantry crane, elevation and lowering of the hoist, opening and closing of the doors, and movement and transfer of the conveyor means.2. The microalgae harvesting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the number N of harvesters in a widthwise direction thereof corresponds to a number of microalgae incubators of the arrangement of ...

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Номер записи: 94
23-04-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND USE

Номер: US20200123461A1
Автор: Le Manquais Katherine, Petts Matthew, Ross Alan Norman
Принадлежит: INNOSPEC LIMITED

A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol of formula H—(OR)—OH and at least 1.5 molar equivalents of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof, wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group and n is at least 1. 1. A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol of formula H—(OR)—OH and at least 1.5 molar equivalents of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group and n is at least 1.2. A method of combatting deposits in a diesel engine , the method comprising combusting in the engine a diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol of formula H—(OR)—OH and at least 1.5 molar equivalents of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group and n is at least 1.3. (canceled)4. The composition claim 1 , according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride.5. The composition according to wherein each R is ethylene or propylene and n is from 1 to 20.6. The composition according to wherein the polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof includes an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms.7. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride and alcohol of formula H—(OR)n—OH are reacted in a ratio of from 2.5:1 to 1.8:1.10. The composition according to wherein the additive comprises the reaction product an alcohol selected from the group consisting of: 1 claim 1 ,2-butanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3-butanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 95
01-09-2022 дата публикации

Method of determining renewable carbon content while producing and blending biogenic-based fuels or blendstocks with fossil fuel in a refining or blending facility

Номер: US20220276218A1
Автор: Meir R. HASBANI, Michelle K. YOUNG
Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A method of monitoring renewable carbon in fuel streams in a refinery or blend facility while co-processing a bio-feedstock with a fossil feedstock or blending a renewable product with a fossil product wherein the method provides for quantification of renewable C14 carbon content to adjust the total renewable content to a targeted renewable content in situ while lowering the limit of detection.

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Номер записи: 96
19-05-2016 дата публикации

Process and Apparatus for Purifying a Fatty Mixture and Related Products Including Fuels

Номер: US20160137936A1
Автор: SCOTT Michael
Принадлежит: Argent Energy Group Limited

There is described a process and an apparatus for purifying a mixture and related products. In particular, there is described a process and an apparatus for purifying a mixture comprising fats, oils and greases as are typically found in sewer waste. The process involves heating, acidifying and separating the mixture. The apparatus used includes a heating and separation device for separating into a solid fraction, an organic liquid fraction and an aqueous liquid fraction. Apparatus such as a three phase separation unit and a rotary vacuum filter may also be used. 1. A process for purifying a mixture comprising fat , oil and/or grease , said process comprising the steps of:(i) initial heating of the mixture so that it is flowable;(ii) acidifying the mixture;(iii) separating the mixture into a solid fraction, an organic liquid fraction and an aqueous liquid fraction; and(iv) removing said solid and said aqueous liquid fractions from the mixture.2. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein initial heating of the mixture so that it is flowable comprises heating the mixture to between approximately 55° C. and approximately 65° C. claim 1 , optionally between approximately 57° C. and approximately 63° C. claim 1 , optionally approximately 60° C.3. A process as claimed in or claim 1 , wherein the acidification comprises adjusting the pH to less than or equal to approximately pH 5 claim 1 , optionally between approximately pH 4.7 and approximately pH 4.8.4. A process as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the acidification comprises adding acid to the mixture at a rate of between approximately 1.5 kg per hour to approximately 2.5 kg per hour claim 1 , optionally phosphoric acid.5. A process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the acidification comprises adding water to the mixture at a rate of between approximately 80 kg per hour to approximately 100 kg per hour.6. A process as claimed in any preceding claim claim 6 , said process comprising the further step of ...

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Номер записи: 97
19-05-2016 дата публикации

Biodiesel Composition and Related Process and Products

Номер: US20160137937A1
Автор: SCOTT Michael
Принадлежит: Argent Energy Group Limited

There is described a biodiesel composition and process for producing biodiesel and related products. There is also described related fuels and fuel blends comprising biodiesel. The biodiesel composition may be prepared from a mixture comprising fats, oils and greases from sewer waste. 1. A biodiesel composition comprising a mixture of esters , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 7% by weight to about 10.5% by weight methyl octadecanoate.2. A biodiesel composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 0.5% by weight to about 1.9% by weight methyl heptadecanoate.3. A biodiesel composition as claimed in or claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 2.4% by weight to about 2.9% by weight methyl tetradecanoate.4. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 22.7% by weight to about 24.4% by weight methyl hexadecanoate.5. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 1.5% by weight to about 2.1% by weight methyl cis-9-hexadecenoate.6. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 39% by weight to about 41% by weight methyl cis-9-octadecenoate.7. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 15% by weight to about 20% by weight methyl cis claim 1 ,cis-9 claim 1 ,12-octadecadienoate.8. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 2% by weight to about 3% by weight methyl cis claim 1 ,cis claim 1 ,cis-9 claim 1 ,12 claim 1 ,15-octadecatrienoate.9. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding claim claim 1 , wherein the ester mixture comprises from about 0.17% by weight to about 0.2% by weight methyl eicosanoate.10. A biodiesel composition as claimed in any preceding ...

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Номер записи: 98
03-06-2021 дата публикации

LIQUID FUEL

Номер: US20210163836A1
Автор: CHEN Hunglin, CHEN Shumin
Принадлежит:

A liquid fuel obtained by blending heavy oil by selectively introducing hydrocarbon substances. The liquid fuel consists of a light oil component consisting of C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component consisting of C13-C16 alkane, and a heavy oil component. On the basis of the liquid fuel, the mass fraction of the heavy oil component is 10%-90%, the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0-49%, and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86% or more of the mass of the light oil component; and the liquid fuel may also contain an aromatic hydrocarbon having a mass fraction of 0-15%. The obtained liquid fuel has good driving performance, combustion performance and safety, and can be applied to a diesel engine system, a diesel/heavy oil combustion system, etc., as a mixed fuel oil. 1. A liquid fuel comprises light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkanes , catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkanes , and heavy oil component; On the basis of the liquid fuel , the mass fraction of the heavy oil component is 10%-90% , the mass fraction of the light oil component is 0%-49% , the mass fraction of the catalytic component is 10%-90% , and the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86% or more of the mass of the light oil component; and the liquid fuel may also contain an aromatic hydrocarbon having a mass fraction of 0%45%.2. The liquid fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the mass content of the heavy oil component is 30% -90% based on total mass of the liquid fuel.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)3. The liquid fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the mass content of the light oil component is 5%-49% based on total mass of the liquid fuel.4. The liquid fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the closed cup flash point of the light oil component mixed with the catalytic component is not lower than 47° C.5. The liquid fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the closed cup flash point of the liquid fuel is not lower than 48° C.6. The liquid fuel according to claim wherein ...

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Номер записи: 99
03-06-2021 дата публикации

USE OF SPECIFIC VOLATILE FATTY ESTERS IN PETROL ENGINES IN ORDER TO REDUCE EMISSIONS

Номер: US20210163838A1
Автор: DUPRE Jean-Yves, Revel Jean-Louis
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the use of esters of volatile fatty acids, such esters having a number of carbon atoms between 4 and 8, in a fuel for a petrol engine in order to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particles of petrol engines. 1. A method for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides and unburnt hydrocarbons by a petrol engine , the method comprising adding at least one ester of a volatile fatty acid to a fuel for the petrol engine , wherein the volatile fatty acid is a mono-fatty acid having an aliphatic chain of one to six carbon atoms or one of the isomers thereof , and wherein said ester comprises a number of carbons of between 4 and 8.215-. (canceled)16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method also reduces emission of particles by the petrol engine.17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ester or esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbons of between 4 and 8 are used at a rate of at least 15% by volume of fuel claim 1 , the fuel being formed by the petrol claim 1 , the ester or esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbons of between 4 and 8 claim 1 , and by possible other constituents.18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ester or esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbons of between 4 and 8 are used at a rate of at least 30% by volume of fuel.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the ester or esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbons of between 4 and 8 are used at a rate of at least 50% by volume of fuel.20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ester or esters of volatile fatty acids comprising a number of carbons of between 4 and 8 are selected from among the following esters: ethyl acetate claim 1 , ethyl propionate claim 1 , ethyl butyrate claim 1 , ethyl valerate claim 1 , ethyl hexanoate claim 1 , propyl acetate claim 1 , propyl propionate claim 1 , propyl butyrate claim 1 , propyl valerate claim 1 , butyl acetate claim 1 , butyl propionate ...

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Номер записи: 100