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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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05-01-2012 дата публикации

Biofuel containing levoglucosone and its production process from cellulose or starch using as a solvent a mixture of an ionic liquid and an alkyl alcohol

Номер: US20120000116A1

Автор: Pedro Brito Correia

Принадлежит: Individual

The product Biofuel is presented as a motor fuel consisting of levoglucosone pure or mixed with ethanol and or hydrocarbons. Its production process from cellulose or starch uses in the first step, as a solvent and catalyst, a mixture of an alkyl alcohol, the ionic liquid N-alkyl imidazole hydrochloride and a small quantity of 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid. In the second step, levoglucosone is extracted with butanol. As butanol also extracts some N-alkyl imidazole, this is washed out by extraction with hydrochloric acid. Levoglucosone was identified by elemental analysis, NMR C13 and H and GC-MS.

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Номер записи: 1

12-01-2012 дата публикации

Methods and Compositions for the Recombinant Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Esters

Номер: US20120009636A1

Автор: Christian Perry Ridley, Dan Eric Robertson, David Arthur Berry, Frank Anthony Skraly, Martha Sholl, Noubar Boghos Afeyan, Regina Wilpiszeski

Принадлежит: Joule Unlimited Technologies Inc

The present disclosure identifies methods and compositions for modifying photoautotrophic organisms, such that the organisms efficiently convert carbon dioxide and light into compounds such as esters and fatty acids. In certain embodiments, the compounds produced are secreted into the medium used to culture the organisms.

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Номер записи: 2

12-01-2012 дата публикации

Acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds and use thereof as additives in fuels and lubricants

Номер: US20120010112A1

Автор: Christian Tock, Cornelia RÖGER-GÖPFERT, Harald BÖHNKE, Ludwig Völkel, Wolfgang Grabarse

Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to novel acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds, to the preparation thereof and to the use thereof as a fuel and lubricant additive, more particularly as a detergent additive, as a wax antisettling additive (WASA) or as an additive for reducing internal diesel injector deposits (IDID); to additive packages which comprise these compounds; and to fuels and lubricants thus additized. The present invention further relates to the use of these acid-free quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel additive for reducing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines, especially in common-rail injection systems, for reducing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common-rail injection systems, and for minimizing power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common-rail injection systems.

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Номер записи: 3

28-06-2012 дата публикации

Renewable chemicals and fuels from oleaginous yeast

Номер: US20120164701A1

Автор: Anna Coragliotti, Anthony G. Day, Chung-Soon Im, Donald E. Trimbur, Harrison F. Dillon, Scott Franklin

Принадлежит: Solazyme Inc

The invention provides methods of cultivating oil-bearing microbes using xylose alone or in combination with other depolymerized cellulosic material. Also provided are microorganisms comprising an exogenous gene encoding a polysaccharide degrading enzyme, such as a cellulase, a hemicellulase, a pectinase, or a driselase. Some methods of microbial fermentation are provided that comprise the use of xylose and depolymerized cellulosic materials for the production of oil-bearing microorgansims.

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Номер записи: 4

16-08-2012 дата публикации

Nano-sized zinc oxide particles for fuel

Номер: US20120204480A1

Автор: Arlene Hernandez, Duck Joo Yang, James Kenneth Sanders, Richard W. Tock

Принадлежит: Individual

A fuel composition contains a liquid fuel and a specific amount of nano-sized zinc oxide particles and a surfactant that does not contain sulfur atoms. The nano-sized zinc oxide particles can be used to either improve combustion or increase catalytic chemical oxidation of fuel.

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Номер записи: 5

23-08-2012 дата публикации

Fuel additives to maintain optimum injector performance

Номер: US20120210966A1

Автор: David P. CLEAVER, James WAGER, John Bennett, Julienne M. Galante-Fox, Matthew H. LINDNER, Scott D. Schwab

Принадлежит: Afton Chemical Corp

A diesel fuel additive package, diesel fuel containing the additive and methods for operating an engine on the diesel fuel and additive. The fuel additive includes a reaction product of (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride, and (b) an amine compound or salt thereof of the formula wherein R is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1 is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The reaction product contains at least one amino triazole group. Component (2) of the additive is a hydrocarbyl succinimide dispersant. The additive also includes (3) a C 2 to C 10 alkyl alcohol; and (4) optionally, a lubricity additive. In the additive, a weight ratio of component (1) to component (2) in the fuel ranges from about 1:3 to about 1:5.

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Номер записи: 6

04-10-2012 дата публикации

Fuels hydrocracking with dewaxing of fuel products

Номер: US20120248008A1

Автор: Michel Daage, Richard Dougherty, Stephen J. Mccarthy, Stuart S. Shih, William J. Novak

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

This invention relates to a process involving hydrocracking and dewaxing of a feedstream in which a converted fraction can correspond to a majority of the product from the reaction system, while an unconverted fraction can exhibit improved properties. In this hydrocracking process, it can be advantageous for the yield of unconverted fraction for gasoline fuel application to be controlled to maintain desirable cold flow properties for the unconverted fraction. Catalysts and conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable product yields and/or properties.

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Номер записи: 7

01-11-2012 дата публикации

Biological Oils and Production and Uses Thereof

Номер: US20120272566A1

Автор: David Christian Martin, James Casey Lippmeier, Jon Milton Hansen, Joseph W. Pfeifer, III, Kirk E. Apt, Paul Warren Behrens, William Robert Barclay

Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS BV

The present invention provides biological oils and methods and uses thereof. The biological oils are preferably produced by heterotrophic fermentation of one or more microorganisms using cellulose-containing feedstock as a main source of carbon. The present invention also provides methods of producing lipid-based biofuels and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products using the biological oils.

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Номер записи: 8

10-01-2013 дата публикации

Deoxygenation of fatty acids for preparation of hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130008080A1

Автор: Heather M. Brown, James F. White, Karl O. Albrecht, Richard T. Hallen

Принадлежит: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc

Embodiments of methods for making renewable diesel by deoxygenating (decarboxylating/decarbonylating/dehydrating) fatty acids to produce hydrocarbons are disclosed. Fatty acids are exposed to a catalyst selected from a) Pt and MO 3 on ZrO 2 (M is W, Mo, or a combination thereof), or b) Pt/Ge or Pt/Sn on carbon, and the catalyst decarboxylates at least 10% of the fatty acids. In particular embodiments, the catalyst consists essentially of 0.7 wt % Pt and 12 wt % WO 3 , relative to a mass of catalyst, or the catalyst consists essentially of a) 5 wt % Pt and b) 0.5 wt % Ge or 0.5 wt % Sn, relative to a mass of catalyst. Deoxygenation is performed without added hydrogen and at less than 100 psi. Disclosed embodiments of the catalysts deoxygenate at least 10% of fatty acids in a fatty acid feed, and remain capable of deoxygenating fatty acids for at least 200 minutes to more than 350 hours.

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Номер записи: 9

07-02-2013 дата публикации

Diesel fuel compositions for high pressure fuel systems

Номер: US20130031827A1

Автор: Jacqueline Reid, Simon Mulqueen, Vincent Burgess

Принадлежит: Innospec Ltd

A diesel fuel composition comprising, as an additive, a quaternary ammonium salt formed by the reaction of a compound of formula (A): and a compound formed by the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine of formula (B1) or (B2): wherein R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R 1 is a C 1 to C 22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R 2 and R 3 are the same or different alkyl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; X is an alkylene group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; n is from 0 to 20; m is from 1 to 5; and R 4 is hydrogen or a C 1 to C 22 alkyl group.

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Номер записи: 10

28-03-2013 дата публикации

Fuel additive for improved performance of low sulfur diesel fuels

Номер: US20130074874A1

Автор: Julienne M. Galante-Fox, Xinggao Fang

Принадлежит: Afton Chemical Corp

A diesel fuel, diesel fuel additive concentrate and method for improving the performance of fuel injectors for a diesel engine are provided. The diesel fuel includes a major amount of middle distillate fuel having a sulfur content of 15 ppm by weight or less; and a reaction product of (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride, and (b) an amine compound or salt thereof of the formula wherein R is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, and R 1 is selected from hydrogen and a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, wherein the reaction product contains less than one equivalent of an amino triazole group per molecule of reaction product, and wherein the reaction product is present in an amount sufficient to improve the performance of diesel direct and/or indirect fuel injectors.

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Номер записи: 11

16-05-2013 дата публикации

Synthesis of High Caloric Fuels and Chemicals

Номер: US20130118063A1

Автор: Jan Zygmunt, John Henri, Mark Bergren, Robert Zubrin

Принадлежит: PIONEER ENERGY INC

In one embodiment, the present application discloses methods to selectively synthesize higher alcohols and hydrocarbons useful as fuels and industrial chemicals from syngas and biomass. Ketene and ketonization chemistry along with hydrogenation reactions are used to synthesize fuels and chemicals. In another embodiment, ketene used to form fuels and chemicals may be manufactured from acetic acid which in turn can be synthesized from synthesis gas which is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, etc.

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Номер записи: 12

23-05-2013 дата публикации

Synergistic mixture

Номер: US20130130956A1

Автор: Arno Lange, Dietmar Posselt

Принадлежит: Individual

A synergistic mixture comprising from 1 to 99.9% by weight of compounds having structural elements (I) in which the free valencies on the oxygen atom and on the nitrogen atom may be combined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring and the benzene ring may also bear substituents at one or more of the free positions, and from 0.1 to 99% by weight of sulfur-containing organic compounds with antioxidant action. This synergistic mixture is suitable as a stabilizer for stabilizing inanimate organic material, especially mineral oil products and fuels, against the action of light, oxygen and heat.

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Номер записи: 13

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Liquid fuel composition with alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, with ignition by compression

Номер: US20130139430A1

Автор: Jose Antonio Fabre

Принадлежит: Individual

A liquid fuel composition includes alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, the liquid fuel composition being for ignition by compression. Various examples pertain to a liquid fuel composition with alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, with ignition by compression to a diesel cycle fuel engine where the fuel can be able to be produced by means of biotechnology from renewable biologic source, including processes of fermentation of sugars or materials available on sugar and ethanol plants. As an example, a produced fuel can be used conventionally as replacement of diesel in urban transportation vehicles or roads and can be an alternative to diesel fuel. The composition can be employed alone or mixed to fossil diesel oil (e.g., in the engine, etc.).

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Номер записи: 14

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods for making and distributing batches of butane-enriched gasoline

Номер: US20130225883A1

Автор: Larry D. Mattingly, Steven M. Vanderbur

Принадлежит: SUNOCO PARTNERS BUTANE BLENDING LLC

Disclosed are automated methods and systems for certifying the volatility of butane-enriched gasoline downstream of a butane blending operation. Such automated methods and systems provide significant advantages to comply with volatility requirements imposed by EPA or state regulations.

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Номер записи: 15

17-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass and petroleum containing materials

Номер: US20130273612A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 16

24-10-2013 дата публикации

Methods for converting petroleum based oil into fuel

Номер: US20130281746A1

Автор: Philip Allen Boe

Принадлежит: OTG Research LLC

Methods for converting petroleum based oil into fuel generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, and adding the conversion mixture to petroleum based oil, such as used motor oil, to form a reaction mixture. The methods can also include adding a high nitrate compound and an amino acid to the reaction mixture and ozonizing the reaction mixture. The result of the methods can include a three phase system in which the bottom phase is asphalt oil, the middle phase is diesel fuel or jet fuel, and the top phase is sulfuric acid. The three phases can be separated to obtain the final diesel fuel or jet fuel product.

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Номер записи: 17

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing Biomass Containing Materials

Номер: US20130288307A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 18

05-12-2013 дата публикации

Desulfurization system, hydrogen-manufacturing system, fuel-cell system, fuel-desulfurization method, and method for manufacturing hydrogen

Номер: US20130323612A1

Автор: Hisao Sakoda, Kazunori Miyazawa, Kimika Ishizuki, Manabu Kawabata

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

A desulfurization system includes: a fuel supply part for supplying a hydrocarbon-based fuel containing water and a sulfur compound to a subsequent stage; and a desulfurization part for desulfurizing the above hydrocarbon-based fuel supplied from the above fuel supply part, wherein, in the above desulfurization part, the above hydrocarbon-based fuel is brought into contact at a temperature of 65 to 105° C. with a catalyst prepared by loading silver on an X-type zeolite.

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Номер записи: 19

02-01-2014 дата публикации

Fuel additive for heavy oil, and fuel oil comprising same

Номер: US20140000156A1

Автор: Young Seo Lee

Принадлежит: Individual

Provided in a fuel additive for heavy oil, made using a composition comprising: an oil-soluble metallic compound containing any one metal selected from calcium, barium, manganese, and iron; alcohol; hydrotreated light distillate; paraffin (kerosene); mineral oil; and a nonionic surfactant. The fuel additive for heavy oil, when added in a small amount to a heavy oil, can lower the kinematic viscosity and the flash point of the heavy oil, minimize the occurrence of a residual carbon fraction, dust, a sulfur fraction, or the like, increase the caloric value of the heavy oil, and improve the combustion efficiency during the combustion of the heavy oil.

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Номер записи: 20

02-01-2014 дата публикации

Fuel and engine oil composition and its use

Номер: US20140000540A1

Автор: Joseph Michael Russo, Timothy Michael Shea

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

A composition is provided that contains a major amount of a hydrocarbon base fluid having a viscosity of up to 600 cST at 40 ° C. and (b) a minor amount of a micronized cellulose acetate butyrate having a particle size distribution on average of less than 30 microns. The compositions reduce and control the friction coefficient and anti-wear film of hydrocarbon base fluids.

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Номер записи: 21

02-01-2014 дата публикации

Process for making isooctenes from aqueous isobutanol

Номер: US20140005443A1

Автор: Edward S. Miller, Jr., Jeffrey P. Knapp, Leo Ernest Manzer, Michael B. D'amore

Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

The present invention relates to a catalytic process for making isooctenes using a reactant comprising isobutanol and water. The isooctenes so produced are useful for the production of fuel additives.

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Номер записи: 22

23-01-2014 дата публикации

Use of the reaction product formed from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid and a nitrogen compound to reduce fuel consumption

Номер: US20140020285A1

Автор: Hannah Marie KOENIG, Harald Boehnke, Ludwig Voelkel, Marc Walter, Markus Hansch

Принадлежит: BASF SE

The use of the reaction product formed from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and a nitrogen compound I or a salt thereof as an additive in a fuel for reducing fuel consumption in gasoline engines.

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Номер записи: 23

01-01-2015 дата публикации

Generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers in a refinery

Номер: US20150000186A1

Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham

Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to methods of generating cellulosic-renewable identification numbers by thermally processing a cellulosic biomass to form a renewable fuel oil, and then co-processing the renewable fuel oil with a petroleum fraction in a refinery to form a cellulosic-renewable identification number-compliant fuel.

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Номер записи: 24

05-01-2017 дата публикации

HEAT GENERATION SEGMENT FOR AN AEROSOL-GENERATION SYSTEM OF A SMOKING ARTICLE

Номер: US20170000188A1

Автор: Duggins Donna Walker, Gerardi Anthony Richard, Jackson Thaddeus J., Nordskog Brian Keith

Принадлежит:

A fuel element adapted for use in a smoking article is provided, the fuel element including a combustible carbonaceous material in an amount of at least 25% by dry weight, based on the weight of the fuel element, and a particulate ignition aid dispersed throughout the fuel element and selected from ceramic particles, cellulose particles, fullerenes, impregnated activated carbon particles, inorganic salts, and combinations thereof, wherein the average particle size of the ignition aid is less than about 1,000 microns. Also provided are elongate smoking articles having a lighting end and an opposed mouth end, and including the above-noted fuel element configured for ignition of the lighting end. 1. A fuel element adapted for use in a smoking article , comprising:(a) a combustible carbonaceous material in an amount of at least 25% by dry weight, based on the weight of the fuel element; and(b) a particulate ignition aid dispersed throughout the fuel element and selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, cellulose particles, fullerenes, impregnated activated carbon particles, inorganic salts, and combinations thereof, wherein the average particle size of the ignition aid is less than about 1,000 microns and with the proviso that when the ignition aid is an inorganic salt, the inorganic salt is present in an amount of no more than about 0.5 dry weight percent based on the total dry weight of the fuel element.2. The fuel element of claim 1 , wherein the particulate ignition aid is non-catalytic.3. The fuel element of claim 1 , wherein the ignition aid comprises ceramic particles or cellulose particles having an average particle size of less than about 500 microns claim 1 , the ceramic particles being glass bubbles or cenospheres.4. The fuel element of claim 1 , wherein the ignition aid comprises glass bubbles having an average particle size of about 10 to about 300 microns.5. The fuel element of claim 1 , wherein the ignition aid comprises cellulose particles ...

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Номер записи: 25

06-01-2022 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20220002627A1

Автор: BERA Tushar, GRIFFITHS Claire, SMITH Alastair Graham, SOUTHBY Mark Clift

Принадлежит:

A fuel composition comprising a base fuel and at least one viscosity index (VI) improving additive, wherein the viscosity index (VI) improving additive is a functionalized dispersant olefin copolymer. The viscosity index (VI) improving additive provides improved power output and/or acceleration characteristics. 1. A fuel composition comprising a base fuel and at least one viscosity index (VI) improving additive , wherein the viscosity index (VI) improving additive is a functionalized dispersant olefin copolymer.2. The fuel composition according to wherein the functionalized dispersant olefin copolymer is produced from reacting an olefin copolymer with a functionalizing component selected from amines claim 1 , amides claim 1 , nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds or alcohols.3. The fuel composition according to wherein the functionalized dispersant olefin copolymer is produced from grafting an olefin copolymer with a grafting material and then reacting the grafted material with a functionalizing component selected from amines claim 1 , amides claim 1 , nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds or alcohols.4. The fuel composition according to wherein the olefin copolymer is a copolymer of ethylene with a Cto Colefin.5. The fuel composition according to wherein the Cto Colefin is selected from propylene claim 4 , butylene claim 4 , butadiene claim 4 , isoprene claim 4 , and mixtures thereof.6. The fuel composition according to wherein the olefin copolymer is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene.7. The fuel composition according to wherein the grafting material is an unsaturated acid.8. The fuel composition according to wherein the grafting material is maleic anhydride.9. The fuel composition according to wherein the functionalizing component is an amine.10. The fuel composition according to wherein the amine is an aromatic amine.11. The fuel composition according to wherein the aromatic amine is N-phenyl-1 claim 10 ,4-phenylenediamine.12. The fuel composition ...

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Номер записи: 26

06-01-2022 дата публикации

EMULSIFER AND EMULSIONS

Номер: US20220002628A1

Автор: Redman James

Принадлежит:

There is provided an emulsifier comprising at least one Cto Cfatty acid diethanolamide, at least one Cto Cfatty acid, at least one Cto Calcohol ethoxylate and optionally at least one sorbitan ester and/or at least one alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether. There is additionally provided emulsions comprising a fuel, water and an emulsifier and methods of producing emulsions. 1. An composition comprising:at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid; and{'sub': '6', 'at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate;'}wherein the composition is useful as an emulsifier.2. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel, biodiesel and heavy fuel oil;less than or equal to 30 wt % water{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'from 0.5 to 15 wt % of the emulsifier of .'}3. A composition according to comprising:60-90 wt % of the at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;2-10 wt % of the at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid; and{'sub': '6', '5-20 wt % of the at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate.'}4. An composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said emulsifier does not comprise naphtha.5. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel and heavy fuel oil, wherein the fuel does not contain any bio-components;less than or equal to 20 wt % water; andthe emulsifier,wherein the emulsifier:water volume ratio is from 1.5:1 to 1:2.9,wherein the composition is a nanemulsion.6. A composition according to comprising:50-75 wt % of the at least one Cs to Cis fatty acid diethanolamide;2-10 wt % of the at least one C12 to C24 fatty acid;{'sub': '6', '5-20 wt % of the at least one Cto Cis alcohol ethoxylate; and'}10-40 wt % of at least one sorbitan esters.7. A composition according to claim 6 , wherein said emulsifier does not comprise naphtha.8. A composition according to comprising:a fuel comprising at least one of diesel, low sulphur diesel, ...

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Номер записи: 27

03-01-2019 дата публикации

PVP- AND/OR PVL-CONTAINING COMPOSITE MEMBRANES AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20190001273A1

Автор: David Moses M., Mizuno Kazuhiko, Zhou Jinsheng

Принадлежит:

A composite membrane for selectively pervaporating a first liquid from a mixture comprising the first liquid and a second liquid. The composite membrane includes a porous substrate comprising opposite first and second major surfaces, and a plurality of pores. A pore-filling polymer is disposed in at least some of the pores so as to form a layer having a thickness within the porous substrate. The polymer is more permeable to the first liquid than the second liquid but not soluble in the first liquid or the second liquid. The composite membrane may be asymmetric or symmetric with respect to the amount of pore-filling polymer throughout the thickness of the porous substrate. 1. A composite membrane for selectively pervaporating alcohol from an alcohol and gasoline feed mixture , the composite membrane comprising:a porous substrate comprising opposite first and second major surfaces, and a plurality of pores; and (a) a PVP-containing polymer composition that is not a pore-filling polymer composition;', '(b) a PVP-containing polymer composition comprising greater than 75 wt % PVP, wherein the PVP-containing polymer composition is in and/or on the porous substrate;', '(c) a PVP-containing polymer composition comprising one or more additional polymers that does not include a polymer derived from one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers and/or oligomers, wherein the PVP-containing polymer composition is in and/or on the porous substrate; or', '(d) a PVL-containing polymer composition disposed in and/or on the porous substrate;, 'a polymer composition, wherein the polymer composition iswherein the polymer composition forms a polymer layer having a thickness;wherein the polymer composition is more permeable to alcohol than gasoline2. The composite membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the composite membrane is an asymmetric composite membrane.3. The composite membrane according to wherein the amount of the polymer composition at claim 2 , on claim 2 , or adjacent to ...

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Номер записи: 28

02-01-2020 дата публикации

Process and catalysts for the production of diesel and gasoline additives from glycerol

Номер: US20200002257A1

Автор: Daniel F. White, Joseph P. Longtin, Robert John Rebman, Sarthak Gaur

Принадлежит: Lyondell Chemical Technology LP

A method of producing one or more glycerol ethers, the method comprising contacting glycerol and tertiary butanol (TBA) in the presence of an acidic catalyst to produce one or more glycerol ethers selected from mono-tert butyl glycerol ethers, di-tert butyl glycerol ethers, tri-tert butyl glycerol ethers, or a combination thereof; separating water and a stream comprising isobutylene, unreacted TBA, or a combination thereof from the one or more glycerol ethers; and recycling at least a portion of the stream comprising isobutylene, unreacted TBA, or a combination thereof to the contacting. Also disclosed is a process of co-producing isooctene, wherein the process involves contacting glycerol and tertiary butanol in the presence of a dehydrating catalyst and dimerizing/oligomerizing the dehydrated products in the presence of an oligomerizing catalyst to form isooctene, a precursor of isooctane and isomers thereof.

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Номер записи: 29

07-01-2016 дата публикации

DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC CHLORIDE IN ALKYLATE USING METALS AND ALLOYS

Номер: US20160002542A1

Автор: Lacheen Howard Steven

Принадлежит: Chevron U.S.A. INC.

Processes for decomposing organic chloride in a hydrocarbon stream may comprise contacting a hydrocarbon stream with a dechlorination element in a dechlorination zone under dechlorination conditions to provide a dechlorinated hydrocarbon product, wherein the dechlorination element may comprise a metal or metal alloy having a high surface area configuration. Such a dechlorination element may be disposed within one or more distillation columns and/or within a separate dechlorination vessel. 1. A dechlorination process , comprising:a) providing a hydrocarbon stream comprising an alkylate product in combination with an organic chloride contaminant; and{'sup': 2', '−3, 'b) contacting the hydrocarbon stream under dechlorination conditions in a dechlorination zone with a dechlorination element having a surface area per unit volume in the range from 250 to 1000 m·mto decompose the organic chloride and to provide a dechlorinated alkylate product, wherein the dechlorination element has a metal surface comprising a metal alloy.'}2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the dechlorination element comprises from 90 to 100 wt % of the metal alloy.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein:the metal surface of the dechlorination element is of uniform composition, andthe metal alloy is selected from the group consisting of an Fe based alloy, a Ni based alloy, and a Cu based alloy.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal alloy comprises at least 90 wt % Fe claim 1 , and an alloying element selected from the group consisting of Al claim 1 , B claim 1 , C claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , N claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , Pb claim 1 , S claim 1 , Si claim 1 , Ta claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , V claim 1 , W claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal surface of the dechlorination element consists essentially of the metal alloy.6. The process according to ...

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Номер записи: 30

07-01-2016 дата публикации

Processes for converting biomass to btx with low sulfur, nitrogen and olefin content via a catalytic fast pyrolysis process

Номер: US20160002544A1

Автор: Charles M. Sorensen, Jr., Ruozhi Song, Terry J. Mazanec

Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc

Methods of separating and purifying products from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass are described. In a preferred method, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are recovered and purified using a hydrotreating step that reduces the content of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen components, and hydrogenates olefins to produce aromatic products that meet commercial quality specifications.

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Номер записи: 31

07-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS FROM PLANT LIPIDS

Номер: US20160002566A1

Автор: El Tahchy Anna, Leita Benjamin Aldo, Liu Qing, Petrie James Robertson, Reynolds Kyle, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas

Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to methods of producing industrial products from plant lipids, particularly from vegetative parts of plants. In particular, the present invention provides oil products such as biodiesel and synthetic diesel and processes for producing these, as well as plants having an increased level of one or more non-polar lipids such as triacylglycerols and an increased total non-polar lipid content. In one particular embodiment, the present invention relates to combinations of modifications in two or more of lipid handling enzymes, oil body proteins, decreased lipid catabolic enzymes and/or transcription factors regulating lipid biosynthesis to increase the level of one or more non-polar lipids and/or the total non-polar lipid content and/or mono-unsaturated fatty acid content in plants or any part thereof. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for extracting lipids. In another embodiment, the lipid is converted to one or more hydrocarbon products in harvested plant vegetative parts to produce alkyl esters of the fatty acids which are suitable for use as a renewable biodiesel fuel. 2. The process of claim 1 , which is characterised by one or more or all of:(i) the vegetative plant parts have a dry weight of at least 1 kg,(ii) the vegetative plant parts have a total non-polar lipid content of at least 10%, at least 15%, at least 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, or between 30% and 75% on a dry weight basis,(iii) the composition has a solids concentration between 5% and 90%(iv) the catalysts comprises NaOH or KOH or both, preferably at a concentration of 0.1M to 2M,(v) the treatment time is between 1 and 60 minutes, preferably between 10 and 60 minutes, preferably between 15 and 30 minutes,(vi) if the solvent is water the process produces a yield of the oil product between a minimum of 36%, 37%, 38%, 39% or 40% and a maximum of 55% or 60% by weight relative to the dry weight of the vegetative plant parts,(vii) if the ...

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Номер записи: 32

07-01-2016 дата публикации

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS AND METHODS OF USING EXTRACTION PRODUCTS

Номер: US20160002567A1

Автор: Bruinsma Keith, Endres Donald, Furcich Steven J.

Принадлежит:

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as a livestock supplement is disclosed. For example, the corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet or a poultry feed diet. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel. 1. A facility for solvent extraction of distillers dried grains with solubles , distillers dried grains , or both , comprising:a solvent extraction facility configured to extract crude plant oil from the distillers dried grains with solubles, the distillers dried grains, or both, thereby producing distillers meal,wherein the solvent extraction facility is configured to extract crude plant oil from distillers dried grains with solubles, the distillers dried grains, or both, using an extraction process using a non-polar solvent having a boiling point in the range of about 36° C. to about 99° C., thereby producing distillers meal comprising a crude protein content ranging from about 28% to about 35% by weight on, a crude fat content ranging from about 0.25% to about 6% by weight, and a content of phosphorous and phosphorous containing compounds ranging from about 1 ppm to about 50 ppm.2. The facility for solvent extraction of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises an initial sulfur and sulfur containing compounds in an amount of about 1 ppm to about 20 ppm.3. The facility for solvent extraction of claim 2 , wherein the distillers dried grains with solubles is a corn distiller dried grains with solubles and the distillers meal is a corn distillers meal.4. The facility for solvent extraction of claim 3 , wherein the corn distiller dried grains with solubles or the corn distillers meal is ...

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Номер записи: 33

05-01-2017 дата публикации

Use Of Compounds Revealing The Efficiency Of Filterability Additives In Hydrocarbon Distillates, And Synergic Composition Containing Same

Номер: US20170002283A1

Автор: CHEVROT Erwan, DALIX Laurent, DOLMAZON Nelly, TORT Frédéric

Принадлежит: TOTAL RAFFINAGE MARKETING

The invention relates to the use, in a hydrocarbon distillate with a boiling temperature of between 150 and 450° C. and a crystallization onset temperature as measured by Differential calorimetric Analysis of greater than or equal to −50° C., preferably of −5° C. to +10° C., of a homopolymer obtained from an olefinic ester of carboxylic acid of 3 to 12 carbon atoms and from a fatty alcohol containing a chain of more than 16 carbon atoms and optionally an olefinic double bond, as a compound for revealing the efficiency of filterability additives based on copolymer and/or terpolymers of ethylene and of vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid of 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and of a monoalcohol containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The invention is also directed to an additive composition comprising a conventional hydrocarbon filterability additive in combination with an efficiency reveal additive, and also to the combustion fuels, motor fuel and oil fuel that comprise these additive combinations. 1. A composition comprising a mixture further comprising:A) a filterability additive based on a copolymer and/or terpolymer of ethylene and of a vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid with 2 to 5 carbon atoms and of a monoalcohol comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; andB) a polvacrylate comprising side hydrocarborn chains with 18-40, wherein the polyacrvlate is not a polymethacrylate;A and B being in a ratio producing a synergic effect as regards the filterability temperature LFT as measured according to the NF EN116 standard, of hydrocarbon distillates with a boiling temperature comprised between 150 and 450° C. and an onset crystallization temperature as measured by differential scanning calorimetry analysis greater than or equal to −5° C.2. A composition comprising (A) from 85 to 99% by weight of at least one filterability additive based on a copolymer and/or terpolymer of ethylene and of a vinyl ester of a carboxylic acid with 2 to 5 carbon atoms , of a monoalcohol comprising 1 to 10 carbon atoms; ...

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Номер записи: 34

04-01-2018 дата публикации

LIQUID BIOFUEL COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20180002621A1

Автор: CASTAING Jean-Christophe, FAY Hélène, GRESSER Robert, Pavageau Bertrand, QI Ling, TADMOURI Rawad

Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a liquid biofuel comprising carbonaceous material particles having a D50 ranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm suspended in a liquid biodiesel composition. 1. A liquid biofuel comprising carbonaceous material particles having a Dranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm suspended in a liquid biodiesel composition.2. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles content is of at least 10% w/w of the said biofuel.3. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles have a size distribution defined by a Dranging from 1 μm to 50 μm.4. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles provide the size distribution as follows:{'sub': '10', 'Dfrom 1 to 50 μm, and'}{'sub': '90', 'Dfrom 50 to 500 μm.'}5. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles are selected from a group consisting of a vegetal biomass claim 1 , a coal claim 1 , a coke claim 1 , a graphite claim 1 , a char claim 1 , a biocoal claim 1 , and a combination thereof.6. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles consist of a torrefied biomass.7. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid biodiesel is based on esterified fat and/or oil originating from animal claim 1 , plant claim 1 , fungi or algae.8. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid biodiesel comprises esterified palm oil.9. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , further comprising water in an amount ranging from 0.5% w/w to 25% w/w.10. The liquid biofuel according to claim 1 , which does not comprise any added emulsifying agent or any surfactant compound.11. A method for preparing a biodiesel-based liquid biofuel claim 1 , the method comprising using carbonaceous material particles having a Dranging from 0.1 μm to 200 μm.12. The liquid biofuel according to claim 2 , wherein the carbonaceous material particles content is of at ...

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Номер записи: 35

03-01-2019 дата публикации

AVIATION FUEL COMPOSITION

Номер: US20190002778A1

Автор: Kiiski Ulla, Sandberg Kati

Принадлежит: Neste Corporation

The present invention relates to an aviation fuel composition comprising an aviation range fuel component and a diesel range fuel component originating from renewable sources, the diesel range fuel component having a cloud point of at most about −20° C. and existent gum more than about 7 mg/100 ml, wherein existent gum of the aviation fuel composition is at most about 7 mg/100 ml. 1. An aviation fuel composition comprising:a) an aviation range fuel component; andb) a diesel range fuel component of renewable origin, having a cloud point of at most about −20° C., and existent gum more than about 7 mg/100 ml, wherein existent gum of the aviation fuel composition is at most about 7 mg/100 ml.2. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component a) is selected from petroleum-based aviation range fuel claim 1 , aviation range fuel of renewable origin claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.3. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component a) complies with at least one of aviation fuel standards selected from ASTM D1655 claim 1 , ASTM D7566 and DEFSTAN 91-91.4. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component b) is paraffinic diesel produced from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products or at least one of hydrogenated fatty acid and triglyceride materials.5. The aviation fuel composition of claim 4 , wherein the paraffinic diesel is an isomerized paraffinic diesel.6. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein component b) comprises:aromatic compounds in an amount of at most about 0.5 vol-%, iso-paraffins in an amount from about 80 vol-% to about 95 vol-%, the rest being n-paraffins.7. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein existent gum of component b) is at most about 15000 mg/ml.8. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:a petroleum-based diesel range fuel.9. The aviation fuel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises up to about 20 vol-% of component b).10. The aviation fuel ...

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Номер записи: 36

03-01-2019 дата публикации

DETERGENT ADDITIVE FOR FUEL

Номер: US20190002780A1

Автор: PREVOST Julie

Принадлежит: TOTAL MARKETING SERVICES

The use of one or more copolymers as a detergent additive in a liquid fuel for internal combustion engines. The copolymer includes at least one repeat unit having an ester of alkyl or alkyl ester function and a repeat unit containing a nitrile group. 1. A method for keeping clean and/or for cleaning at least one of the internal parts of an internal combustion engine , said method comprising the introduction in said internal combustion engine of at least one copolymer comprising at least one repeating unit comprising an alkyl ester or alkylester function and one repeating unit comprising a nitrile group.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the copolymer is a block copolymer comprising at least:{'sub': 'a', 'one block A consisting of a chain of structural units derived from an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer (m), and'}{'sub': 'b', 'one block B consisting of a chain of structural units derived from an olefinic monomer (m) comprising a nitrile group.'}3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the block copolymer is obtained by block polymerization claim 2 , optionally followed by one or more post-functionalizations.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of at least:{'sub': 'a', 'one alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer (m), and'}{'sub': 'b', 'one olefinic monomer (m) comprising a nitrile group.'}5. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer (m) is chosen from Cto Calkyl (meth)acrylates.7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein monomer (m) is chosen from acrylonitrile claim 6 , methacrylonitrile claim 6 , cyanostyrene and cyano-alpha-methylstyrene.8. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the copolymer is a block copolymer comprising at least:{'sub': 'a', 'one block A consisting of a chain of structural units derived from the alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer (m), and'}{'sub': 1', 'b, 'one block Bconsisting of a chain of structural units derived from acrylonitrile (m), ...

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Номер записи: 37

01-01-2015 дата публикации

Fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus

Номер: US20150004067A1

Автор: Barry A. Freel, Robert G. Graham

Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

The present application generally relates to a fluidized catalytic cracking apparatus having one or more ports for injecting a renewable fuel oil for co-processing the renewable fuel oil and a petroleum fraction.

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Номер записи: 38

20-01-2022 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS FRACTIONATION OF CRUDE TALL OIL TO REFINED TALL DIESEL

Номер: US20220017840A1

Автор: NAYDENOV Valeri

Принадлежит:

The present invention describes a process for continuous fractionation of CTO (crude tall oil) to RTD (refined tall diesel), said process comprising:—when removing a stream of TOP (tall oil pitch) the CTO is fed through at least two evaporation zones arranged in series so that one stream of CTO is fed from a first evaporation zone to a second evaporation zone, wherein a TOP stream is produced and fed from the second evaporation zone, wherein a first vapor stream is produced within the first evaporation zone and a second vapor stream is produced within the second evaporation zone and wherein there is a temperature difference of at least 10° C. between the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream; and—feeding the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream into a subsequent fractionation column to produce a stream of RTD from the fractionation column, wherein the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream are being fed to different positions, relative to the column height, in the fractionation column, where different conditions are applied to ensure suitable fractionations of a more fatty acid rich material and a more rosin rich material, respectively, and which different positions in the fractionation column are separated by packing means. 1. Process for continuous fractionation of CTO (crude tall oil) to RTD (refined tall diesel) , said process comprising:when removing a stream of TOP (tall oil pitch) the CTO is fed through at least two evaporation zones arranged in series so that one stream of CTO is fed from a first evaporation zone to a second evaporation zone, wherein a TOP stream is produced and fed from the second evaporation zone, wherein a first vapor stream is produced within the first evaporation zone and a second vapor stream is produced within the second evaporation zone and wherein there is a temperature difference of at least 10° C. between the first vapor stream and the second vapor stream; andfeeding the first vapor stream and the second ...

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Номер записи: 39

12-01-2017 дата публикации

Sulfur-contaminated ionic liquid catalyzed alklyation

Номер: US20170007993A1

Автор: Bong Kyu Chang, Hye Kyung Timken

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A sulfur-contaminated ionic liquid catalyst is provided comprising 300 to 20,000 wppm of sulfur from a contaminant, wherein the catalyst is a chloroaluminate and it alkylates olefin and isoparaffin to make an alkylate gasoline blending component having a FBP below 221° C. A process is provided for making the alkylate gasoline blending component, comprising: a. feeding olefin feed comprising greater than 80 wppm of sulfur contaminant to a chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalyst, to make a sulfur-contaminated catalyst; and b. alkylating olefin feed with isoparaffin to make the alkylate gasoline blending component. A method to construct a refinery alkylation unit is provided comprising installing an ionic liquid alkylation reactor having an inlet that feeds a pure coker LPG olefin. An alkylation process exclusively utilizing coker LPG olefins is also provided.

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Номер записи: 40

14-01-2016 дата публикации

Procedimiento de obtencion de una formulacion catalitica para la produccion de diesel de ultrabajo azufre, el producto obtenido y su aplicacion

Номер: US20160008792A1

Автор: Aida GUTIERREZ ALEJANDRE, Carlos Angeles Chavez, Enelio TORRES GARCIA, Esteban Lopez Salinas, Gerardo Ferrat Torres, Jorge Fernando Ramirez Solis, Jose Antonio Toledo Antonio, Jose Escobar Aguilar, Jose Gonzalo Hernandez Cortez, Maria Antonia Cortes Jacome, Maria de Lourdes Araceli Mosqueira Mondragon, Miguel Perez Luna

Принадлежит: INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETROLEO, Universidad Nacional Autonoma De México

The present invention relates to a catalytic formulation used in the hydroprocessing of light and middle oil fractions, preferably in hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation reactions to obtain diesel with ultra low sulfur content less than or equal to 15 ppm in weight. The catalytic formulation, object of the present invention, consists of at least one metal of Group VI B and at least one metal of Group VIII B and one element of Group V A of the periodic table deposited on a support based on surface modified alumina with an inorganic oxide of a metal of Group II A, IV A and/or IV B. And containing an impregnated organic compound containing at least one hydroxyl group and at least one carboxyl group and that can contain or not at least one sulfide group in its structure. The catalytic formulation, object of the present invention, allows processing of the oil fractions with initial and final boiling temperatures between 150 and 450° C., with initial nitrogen and sulfur content between 1 and 3% by weight and 200 to 600 ppm, respectively, reducing sulfur content to concentrations lower or equal to 15 ppm and nitrogen concentrations to lower than 1 ppm.

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Номер записи: 41

12-01-2017 дата публикации

COMPOSITION COMPRISING PARAFFIN FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM BIOLOGICAL RAW MATERIALS AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20170009144A1

Автор: Aalto Pekka, HAKOLA Maija, NYMAN Tomi, Sandberg Kati

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

A composition, including 40-50 wt-% C14 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, and 35-45 wt-% C15 paraffins, based on the total weight of the composition, wherein the C14 and C15 paraffins are produced from a biological raw material. 119-. (canceled)20. A composition , comprising:40-50 wt-% C14 isoparaffins, based on the total weight of the composition, and35-45 wt-% C15 isoparaffins, based on the total weight of the composition,wherein the C14 and C15 isoparaffins are produced from a biological raw material,wherein the total C14 and C15 isoparaffinic content of the composition is in a range from 80.36 wt-% to 95 wt-%, based on the total weight of the composition.21. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the composition comprises 45-50 wt-% C14 isoparaffins claim 20 , and 40-45 wt-% C15 isoparaffins claim 20 , based on the total weight of the composition.22. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the composition comprises less than 9 wt-% C13 and lighter paraffins and less than 7 wt-% C16 and heavier paraffins claim 20 , based on the total weight of the composition.23. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the composition comprises less than 5 wt-% C13 and lighter paraffins and less than 3 wt-% C16 and heavier paraffins claim 20 , based on the total weight of the composition.24. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the total isoparaffinic content of the composition is more than 93 wt-% claim 20 , based on the total weight of the composition.25. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the total isoparaffinic content of the composition is more than 97 wt-% claim 20 , based on the total weight of the composition.26. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the total aromatic hydrocarbon content of the composition is less than 1500 ppm weight basis.27. The composition according to claim 20 , wherein the total aromatic hydrocarbon content of the composition is less than 1300 ppm weight basis.28. The ...

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Номер записи: 42

12-01-2017 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20170009163A1

Автор: BRANCH Michael Allen, BRU Ariel, BRUMFIELD Tommy Louis, DELANEY-KINSELLA Cynthia, DROUBI Danny F., KRAUS Lawrence Stephen, LIPINSKY Dana Tatum, STEERNBERG Koen

Принадлежит:

Low sulphur marine fuel compositions are provided. Embodiments comprise 10 to 50 wt. % of a residual hydrocarbon component, with the remaining 50 to 90 wt. % selected from a non-hydroprocessed hydrocarbon component, a hydroprocessed hydrocarbon component, and a combination thereof. Embodiments of the marine fuel composition can have a sulphur content of about 0.1 wt. % or less. 1. A marine fuel composition comprising:greater than 25 wt. % to 50 wt. % of a residual hydrocarbon component comprising an atmospheric tower bottoms (ATB) residues with a kinematic viscosity at ˜50 degrees C. of at least 100 cSt; andwherein the marine fuel composition has a kinematic viscosity at ˜50 degrees C. of at least 10 cSt.2. The marine fuel composition of wherein the sulphur content is in a range of 400 to 1000 wppm.3. The marine fuel composition of which exhibits at least one of the following:a hydrogen sulfide content of at most 2.0 mg/kg; an acid number of at most 2.5 mg KOH per gram; a sediment content of at most 0.1 wt. %; a water content of at most 0.5 vol %; and an ash content of at most 0.15 wt. %.4. The marine fuel composition of which has at least one of the following: a density at 15 degrees C. in a range of 0.870 to 1.010 g/cm claim 1 , a pour point of −30 to 35 degrees C. claim 1 , and a flash point of at least 60 degrees C.5. The marine fuel composition of wherein the density is at least 0.890 g/cm.6. The marine fuel composition of wherein the kinematic viscosity is less than 12 cSt.7. The marine fuel composition of further comprising:at least 30 wt. % of the residual hydrocarbon component; andat least 10 wt. % of a non-hydroprocessed hydrocarbon component comprising at least one of light cycle oil (LCO), heavy cycle oil (HCO), fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) cycle oil, FCC slurry oil, pyrolysis gas oil, cracked light gas oil (CLGO), cracked heavy gas oil (CHGO), pyrolysis light gas oil (PLGO), pyrolysis heavy gas oil (PHGO), thermally cracked residue, thermally cracked ...

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Номер записи: 43

12-01-2017 дата публикации

Formulation of a new diesel fuel suitable for diesel engines

Номер: US20170009168A1

Автор: Rosario Rocco Tulino

Принадлежит: Tulino Research and Partners Ltd

The new fuel conceived for diesel engines is formulated using one part of standard diesel fuel and two groups of components with different characteristic rating. The first group is composed by reformulated chemicals, while the second group in made by a blend of vegetal oils properly balanced. The fuel obtained with this formulation has a better thermodynamic performance and allows an appreciable reduction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and particulate matter (PT) output which are, respectively, approximately 50% and 60% lower

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Номер записи: 44

09-01-2020 дата публикации

STIMULI-RESPONSIVE PARTICLES ENCAPSULATING A GAS AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20200009065A1

Автор: Kheir John, Peng Yifeng, Polizzotti Brian D.

Принадлежит: CHILDREN'S MEDICAL CENTER CORPORATION

Provided herein are various gas-filled particles having a stimuli-responsive shell encapsulating the gas. The stimuli-responsive shell comprises one or more release triggers. Compositions for medical or non-medical applications, methods of use and treatment, and methods of preparation are also described. 1. A composition comprisinga stable particle having a shell surrounding a gas core, wherein the shell includes a release trigger.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises nanoparticle aggregates.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the stable particle is formed by nanoprecipitation of an amphiphilic polymer comprising the release trigger at an air/liquid interface to form the shell.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the amphiphilic polymer comprises acetylated dextran (Dex-Ac).5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the stable particle is a Pickering foam.6. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a pH-responsive trigger.7. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a salt-responsive trigger.8. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a pressure-responsive trigger.9. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a temperature-responsive trigger.10. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a light-responsive trigger.11. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is an ultrasound-responsive trigger.12. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is a magnetic field-responsive trigger.13. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is partial pressure of a gas in a fluid.14. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the release trigger is stable in water.15. The composition of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the shell comprises a biocompatible polymer or monomer.16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 45

27-01-2022 дата публикации

Decarboxylative Co-Dimerization Process and Synthetic Fuels Produced Therefrom

Номер: US20220025273A1

Автор: Abhari Ramin, Green Nate

Принадлежит:

In an aspect, the application discloses a method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels where the method includes electrolysis of a mixture to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline, where the mixture includes (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, and where the renewable diesel includes terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes. 1. A method for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels , the method comprisingelectrolysis of a mixture comprising (i) free fatty acids from a biorenewable feedstock, and (ii) terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids, to produce an electrolysis product comprising a renewable diesel and optionally a renewable gasoline;wherein the renewable diesel comprises terminal monomethyl-branched paraffins and terminal monomethyl-branched alkenes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising hydrogenation of the renewable diesel.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the terminal monomethyl-branched carboxylic acids comprise isobutyric acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol claim 3 , wherein the isobutanol is from a biorenewable feedstock.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the isobutyric acid is produced from isobutanol by{'sub': '2', 'dehydrogenating the isobutanol to produce isobutyraldehyde and H, and'}oxidizing the isobutyraldehyde to produce the isobutyric acid.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hproduced from dehydrogenating the isobutanol is separated from the isobutyraldehyde.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the Hfrom dehydrogenating the isobutanol is used in a hydrogenation reaction.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the renewable gasoline comprises 2 claim 1 ,3-dimethylbutane.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free fatty acids comprise fatty acids produced from hydrolysis of fatty acid esters of fat claim 1 , oil claim ...

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Номер записи: 46

14-01-2016 дата публикации

GREEN DIESEL PRODUCTION FROM HYDROTHERMAL CATALYTIC DECARBOXYLATION ON A SUPPORTED PD-CO CATALYST

Номер: US20160010000A1

Автор: Ng K.Y. Simon, Salley Steven O., Sari Elvan

Принадлежит:

Materials and methods for converting brown grease to useful diesel fuel are described. One material is a palladium catalyst on a silicon/carbon support. A method comprises flowing fresh hydrogen over a reaction of diluted brown grease on a palladium/carbon catalyst. 1. A catalyst for decarboxylation of a fatty acid , the catalyst comprising:about 0.5% to about 10% palladium by weight; anda support comprising silicon atoms and carbon atoms.2. The catalyst according to wherein the support has a ratio of carbon atoms to silicon atoms of about 3:1 to about 40:1.3. The catalyst according to wherein the ratio of carbon atoms to silicon atoms is about 4.3:1 to about 34.7:1.4. The catalyst according to wherein the ratio of carbon atoms to silicon atoms is about 4.3:1.5. The catalyst according to having a porous surface with an average pore diameter of about 3.6 nanometers to about 5.4 nanometers.6. The catalyst according to comprising about 5% palladium by weight.7. The catalyst according to wherein the palladium comprises a metal particle having a diameter of about 3 nanometers to about 8 nanometers.8. The catalyst according to wherein the catalyst has an acidity of about 0.10 to about 2.5 mmol/g.9. The catalyst according to wherein when exposed to oleic acid claim 1 , the catalyst converts at least 10% of the oleic acid to n-heptadecane.10. The catalyst according to which converts at least 30% of the oleic acid to n-heptadecane.11. A method of making a catalyst for decarboxylation of a fatty acid claim 9 , the method comprising:combining activated carbon with tetraethyl orthosilicate to form a support;mixing a palladium solution with the support; anddrying the catalyst.12. The method of wherein the tetraethyl orthosilicate is provided in a mass ratio to the activated carbon of about 0.5:1 to about 4:1.13. The method of wherein the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to activated carbon is about 4:1.14. The method of wherein palladium comprises about 5% of a weight of ...

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Номер записи: 47

14-01-2016 дата публикации

Methods for converting motor oil into fuel

Номер: US20160010009A1

Автор: Philip Allen Boe

Принадлежит: OTG Research LLC

Methods for converting motor oil into fuel generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, and adding the conversion mixture to motor oil, to form a reaction mixture. The methods can also include adding a high nitrate compound and an amino acid to the reaction mixture and ozonizing the reaction mixture. The result of the methods can include a three phase system in which the bottom phase is asphalt oil, the middle phase is diesel fuel or jet fuel, and the top phase is sulfuric acid. The three phases can be separated to obtain the final diesel fuel or jet fuel product.

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Номер записи: 48

14-01-2016 дата публикации

LUBRICATING COMPOSITION

Номер: US20160010023A1

Автор: MATTHEWS Sarah Jane, SOUTHBY Mark Clift, XU Zhou

Принадлежит:

Use of a comb polymer for reducing the loss in viscosity of a lubricating composition for the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine is fuelled by a fuel composition comprising a fatty acid alkyl ester. 1. A method of operating an internal combustion engine comprising:lubricating a crankcase of the internal combustion engine with a lubricating composition comprising a comb polymer, andusing a fuel composition comprising a fatty acid alkyl ester to fuel the internal combustion engine.2. The method according to wherein the viscosity of the lubricating composition is the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. measured using ASTM D445.3. The method according to wherein the fatty acid alkyl ester is a fatty acid methyl ester.4. The method according to wherein the comb polymer comprises claim 1 , in the main chain claim 1 , at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer claim 1 , and at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one low molecular weight monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms claim 1 , alkyl (meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , vinyl esters having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group claim 1 , vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , (di)alkyl fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group claim 1 , (di)alkyl maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group and mixtures thereof claim 1 , where the molar degree of branching is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol % and the comb polymer comprises a total of at least 80% by weight claim 1 , based on the total weight of repeat units of the comb polymer claim 1 , of the at least one repeat unit which is obtained from the at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer and the at least one repeat unit which is obtained from the at least one low molecular weight monomer.5. The method ...

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Номер записи: 49

11-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF KETOACIDS AND HYDROTREAMENT TO HYDROCARBONS

Номер: US20180009731A9

Автор: IKONEN Elias, KÄLDSTRÖM Mats, LINDBLAD Marina, SELÄNTAUS Maaria

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

Catalytic conversion of ketoacids is disclosed, including methods for increasing the molecular weight of ketoacids. An exemplary method includes providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid. The feedstock is then subjected to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s) in the presence of a catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide. 1. A method for increasing the molecular weight of a ketoacid , the method comprising:providing in a reactor a feedstock having at least one ketoacid; andsubjecting the feedstock to one or more C—C-coupling reaction(s), wherein the C—C-coupling reaction(s) are conducted in a presence of a solid acid catalyst system having a first metal oxide and a second metal oxide, and wherein a content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 30 wt-%.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst system has a specific surface area of from 10 to 500 m/g.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a total amount of the acid sites of the catalyst system ranges between 30 and 500 μmol/g.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ketoacid is a γ-ketoacid acid.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the at least one ketoacid in the feedstock is at least 40 wt-% claim 1 , and/or the content of water in the feedstock is less than 5.0 wt-%.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of W, Be, B, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Bi, La, Ce, Th, and the second metal oxide comprises:an oxide of one of Zr, Ti, Si, Al, V, Cr or a combination of these, the first metal oxide not being same as the second metal oxide.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal oxide is supported on a metal oxide carrier claim 1 , wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of zirconia claim 1 , titania claim 1 , silica claim 1 , vanadium oxide claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 50

14-01-2021 дата публикации

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Номер: US20210009911A1

Автор: Medoff Marshall

Принадлежит:

Techniques for processing biomass are disclosed herein. A method of preparing cellulosic ethanol having 100% biogenic carbon content as determined by ASTM 6866-18, includes treating ground corn cobs with electron beam radiation and saccharifying the irradiated ground corn cob to produce sugars. The method also includes fermenting the sugars with a microorganism. In addition, an unblended cellulosic-biomass derived gasoline with a research octane number of greater than about 87, as determined by ASTM D2699 is disclosed. 1218-. (canceled)219. A method of making a cellulosic-biomass derived gasoline , the method comprising:providing an alcohol comprising a cellulosic-biomass derived alcohol, andcatalytically processing the alcohol to an unblended gasoline, wherein the unblended gasoline has a research octane number of greater than about 87, as determined by ASTM D2699.220. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline also has a motor octane number of greater than about 85 claim 219 , as determined by ASTM D2700.221. The method of claim 219 , wherein the alcohol comprises ethanol.222. The method of claim 219 , wherein catalytically processing the alcohol comprises passing hydrous ethanol through a packed column claim 219 , the column including a zeolite.223. The method of claim 222 , wherein the hydrous ethanol contains greater than about 40 percent water by weight.224. The method of claim 222 , wherein the catalytically processing the alcohol further comprises a nitrogen carrier gas to aid in the passing of the hydrous ethanol through the packed column.225. The method of claim 222 , wherein the zeolite comprises HZSM-5.226. The method of claim 225 , wherein the HZSM-5 includes a metal produced by solvent impregnation.227. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline has a benzene content of less than 1 percent by weight.228. The method of claim 219 , wherein the unblended gasoline has an aromatic content of greater than 25 percent by weight.229. ...

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Номер записи: 51

14-01-2021 дата публикации

POLYACRYLAMIDE ANTIFOAM COMPONENTS FOR USE IN DIESEL FUELS

Номер: US20210009912A1

Автор: Bush James H., Kovach Rochelle L., Nickerson David M., Perera Jayasooriya Sujith, Salem Kamalakumari K., Schiferl Elizabeth A.

Принадлежит:

There is disclosed an antifoam component which includes at least one acrylamide polymer for use in a diesel fuel. Acrylamide polymers prepared by polymerizing a (meth)acrylamide monomer to yield a homopolymer or, alternatively, the acrylamide polymer may be prepared by polymerizing a (meth)acrylamide monomer and a (meth)acrylate monomer to yield a heteropolymer. 113-. (canceled)15. The composition of claim 14 , further comprising at least one acrylate polymer prepared by polymerizing one or more (meth)acrylate monomers comprising a Cto Calkyl-substituted (meth)acrylate.16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the acrylate polymer is at least one of a copolymer claim 15 , block polymer claim 15 , random polymer claim 15 , terpolymer claim 15 , or combinations thereof.17. The composition of claim 15 , comprising:(i) from 1 wt % to 99 wt % (or 5 wt % to 95 wt %) of the acrylamide polymer; and(ii) from 99 wt % to 1 wt % (or 95 wt % to 5 wt %) of the acrylate polymer.19. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the acrylamide polymer is a homopolymer and X is N.20. The composition of claim 18 , wherein the acrylamide polymer is a heteropolymer having at least two polymer moieties and wherein for at least one polymer moiety X is N and for at least one polymer moiety X is O.21. The composition of claim 18 , wherein Rand/or Ris branched.22. The composition of claim 21 , wherein Ris linear and Ris branched.23. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the (meth)acrylamide monomer comprises a mono- or di-Cto Calkyl-substituted (meth)acrylamide.24. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the (meth)acrylamide monomer comprises a mono- or di-Cto Calkyl-substituted (meth)acrylamide.25. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the acrylamide polymer comprises at least one heteropolymer prepared by polymerizing a (meth)acrylamide monomer and a (meth)acrylate monomer.26. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the acrylamide polymer comprises a heteropolymer prepared from a (meth)acrylate ...

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Номер записи: 52

09-01-2020 дата публикации

SINGLE-LOOP OCTANE ENRICHMENT

Номер: US20200010766A1

Автор: Fang Howard L., He Zhong, ORENCH Ricardo, Qin Meifang, Toren Arie, WU Zhiyi

Принадлежит:

The present invention provides apparatuses and processes for producing high octane fuel from synthesis gas. The process combines transalkylation and zeolite-forming/aromatization in conjunction with a single recycle loop configuration in order to effectively promote the fuel quality, particularly octane rating. The process involves adding a step for enriching octane of the fuel coming from the single recycle loop process. Preferably, the enrichment step takes place in an octane enrichment reactor containing two different catalysts, a zeolite-forming/aromatization catalyst followed by a transalkylation catalyst. The final fuel product preferably has an octane of about 92 to about 112. 111-. (canceled)12. A system for making high octane fuel product comprisinga) a single loop system for making a medium octane fuel; andb) an octane enrichment reactor comprising a zeolite forming catalyst and a transalkylation catalyst.13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the single loop system for making a medium octane fuel comprisesi. a first reactor containing a first catalyst for converting synthesis gas to methanol and water;ii. a second reactor containing a second catalyst for converting methanol to dimethylether;iii. a third reactor containing a third catalyst for converting methanol and dimethylether to fuel and heavy gasoline;iv. a fourth reactor containing a fourth catalyst for converting the heavy gasoline to isoparaffins, naphthenes, and less substituted aromatics; andv. a separator for separating a product exiting the third reactor into a first stream containing the medium octane fuel, a second stream containing water, and a third stream containing unreacted synthesis gas.14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the single loop system for making a medium octane fuel comprisesi. a first reactor containing a first catalyst for converting synthesis gas to methanol and water;ii. a second reactor containing a second catalyst for converting methanol to dimethylether;iii. a third ...

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Номер записи: 53

03-02-2022 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20220033724A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 138-. (canceled)393241. Combustion in marine or land based engines , combustion gas turbines , or fired heaters of a fuel derived from light tight oil () and crude oil () , either alone or with added high sulfur fuel oil () , comprising combination of treated and untreated streams having an initial boiling point being the lowest boiling point of any fraction within untreated streams combined in said fuel and highest boiling point being the highest boiling portion of deasphalted oil effluent from solvent separation of an unconverted oil which is subsequently treated by hydroconversion and forms a portion said fuel.4055-. (canceled)56. Combustion of a fuel in accordance with wherein said fuel comprises a portion or all of a light tight oil and streams of processed high sulfur fuel oil claim 39 , processed alone or with added crude oil claim 39 , comprising:(a) unstabilized wild straight run naphtha and distillation fraction at or below sulfur breakpoint cut without added treatment,(b) distillate hydrotreater effluent of distillate range distillation fraction above sulfur breakpoint cut comprising wild naphtha and at least a portion of ...

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Номер записи: 54

19-01-2017 дата публикации

Production of low sulfur gasoline

Номер: US20170015915A1

Автор: Bryan C. Lu, John P. Greeley, Michael R. Chuba, Mohsen N. Harandi

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

Systems and methods are provided for producing naphtha boiling range fractions having a reduced or minimized amount of sulfur and an increased and/or desirable octane rating and suitable for incorporation into a naphtha fuel product. A naphtha boiling range feed can be separated to form a lower boiling portion and a higher boiling portion. The lower boiling portion, containing a substantial amount of olefins, can be exposed to an acidic catalyst without the need for providing added hydrogen in the reaction environment. Additionally, during the exposure of the lower boiling portion to the acidic catalyst, a stream of light olefins (such as C 2 -C 4 olefins) can be introduced into the reaction environment. Adding such light olefins can enhance the C 5 + yield and/or improve the removal of sulfur from thiophene and methyl-thiophene compounds in the naphtha feed.

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Номер записи: 55

19-01-2017 дата публикации

BIODIESEL FUEL HYDROGENATION METHOD

Номер: US20170015918A1

Автор: Abe Yohko, Chen Shih-Yuan, Mochizuki Takehisa, Toba Makoto, Yoshimura Yuuji

Принадлежит:

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel for producing a biodiesel fuel having an excellent oxidation stability and cold flow property. The present invention serves to produce a biodiesel fuel excellent in oxidation stability, by hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel with oxygen present in the reaction system in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one type of noble metal selected from metals of Groups 8 to 10 in the periodic table. 1. A method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel , the method comprising hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one type of noble metal selected from metals of Groups 8 to 10 in the periodic table , wherein oxygen is allowed to be present in the reaction system.2. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the oxygen in terms of oxygen molecules in the biodiesel fuel is from 150 to 3 claim 1 ,500 ppm.3. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , comprising introducing a gas containing oxygen is into the reaction system.4. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 1 , comprising forcibly oxidizing the biodiesel fuel is in advance.5. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 2 , comprising introducing a gas containing oxygen into the reaction system.6. The method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel according to claim 2 , comprising forcibly oxidizing the biodiesel fuel in advance. The present invention relates to a method for hydrogenating a biodiesel fuel.Biodiesel fuels composed of long chain fatty acid alkyl esters are produced from plant oils or animal fats, which are natural products, and thus, biodiesel fuels are increasingly introduced and becoming popular mainly in Europe and South East Asia, as environmentally friendly alternative fuels for light oil. European Standard EN 14214, Japanese standard JIS K2390, and ...

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Номер записи: 56

19-01-2017 дата публикации

Systems and Processes for Production of Fuel and Fuel Blends

Номер: US20170015919A1

Автор: Baustian James J., Beckwith Paul, Schubert Adam J.

Принадлежит:

Systems and processes for the production of fuel and fuel blends involve the production of fuels for blending with one or more alcohols such as ethanol and/or butanol. A method for producing a fuel blend includes blending a light distillate product from an oil refinery with butanol. The fuel blending can be at the oil refinery. 118-. (canceled)19. A method for producing a blended gasoline , comprising:(a) operating an oil refinery to produce a light distillate product from crude oil; and(b) blending the light distillate product with an amount of butanol to produce a butanol blended gasoline,wherein the light distillate product includes an amount of a light naphtha product comprising pentane, butane, or a mixture thereof, the amount of the light naphtha product being greater than any amount of light naphtha product included in a different light distillate product which is an automotive-grade gasoline free of bioalcohol fuel or which is for blending with an amount of ethanol to produce an automotive-grade blended gasoline.20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the light distillate product comprises gasoline.21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the butanol comprises isobutanol.22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the amount of butanol that is blended with the light distillate product is at least about 10 vol % of the butanol blended gasoline.23. The method of claim 19 , wherein the amount of butanol that is blended with the light distillate product is from about 10 vol % to about 16 vol % of the butanol blended gasoline.24. The method of claim 19 , wherein the amount of butanol that is blended with the light distillate product is from about 16 vol % to about 24 vol % of the butanol blended gasoline.25. The method of claim 19 , wherein the amount of ethanol that is blended with the light distillate product for producing the automotive-grade blended gasoline is not more than about 10 vol % of the automotive-grade blended gasoline.26. The method of claim 19 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 57

18-01-2018 дата публикации

Butanol Purification

Номер: US20180016215A1

Автор: Bolton Leslie William, Cheng Cecilia, Dobson Ian David, HOGBEN Andrew John, LUCY Andrew Richard, Sunley John Glenn

Принадлежит:

Provided are methods for removing one or more components from a butanol based composition. The methods comprise providing a butanol based composition comprising one or more components, targeting at least one component or a combination thereof for reduction, and processing said butanol based composition such that the at least one targeted component is substantially removed. The butanol based composition can, for example, be bio-produced. 125-. (canceled).26. A method for removing one or more components from a butanol based composition , the method comprising:a) providing a butanol based composition comprising one or more of the following components or combinations thereof: an acid, water, an alcohol, an aldehyde, a salt, a ketone, and an ester;b) targeting at least one component or a combination thereof for reduction; andc) processing said butanol based composition such that the at least one targeted component is substantially removed,wherein the targeted component is an acid and said processing step comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a base, a resin, or a combination thereof,wherein the targeted component is water and said processing comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a desiccant, a molecular sieve, a base, or a combination thereof,wherein the targeted component is an alcohol and said processing comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a base,wherein the targeted component is an aldehyde and said processing comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a base, a resin, or a combination thereof,wherein the targeted component is a salt and said processing comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a base, an anion exchange resin, or a combination thereof,wherein the targeted component is a ketone and said processing comprises contacting the butanol based composition with a base, a resin, or a combination thereof,wherein the targeted component is an ester and said processing comprises ...

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Номер записи: 58

21-01-2016 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR OBTAINING LONG CHAIN CARBONS FROM PETROLEUM BASED OIL

Номер: US20160017241A1

Автор: Boe Philip Allen

Принадлежит:

Methods and system for obtaining long chain carbons that generally include forming a conversion mixture of an alcohol and a base, adding the conversion mixture to oil (such as petroleum based oil, crude oil, used oil, used motor oil, and new motor oil) to form a reaction mixture, adding a high nitrate compound the reaction mixture, and separating out the long chain carbons for use as an input by other processing such as pharmaceutical and/or additional petro-chemical processing. Additional cooling and/or filtering processes may be utilized to complete and/or optimize oil conversion.

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Номер записи: 59

21-01-2016 дата публикации

MICROOGANISMS WITH ALTERED FATTY ACID PROFILES FOR RENEWABLE MATERIALS AND BIO-FUEL PRODUCTION

Номер: US20160017245A1

Автор: APT Kirk Emil, Behrens Paul Warren, Borden Jacob, Hansen Jon Milton, SELLERS Martin

Принадлежит:

Biofuel generated from the lipids of oleaginous yeast must conform to industry and regulatory standards for fuel performance and composition. In particular, precise lipid compositions and fuel properties are required for approval of biofuels. Disclosed are genetically modified microorganisms generated from oleaginous yeast that show significant alterations in lipid profile. Also disclosed are methods of producing biofuels and biofuel compositions. 1. An oleaginous microorganism suitable for production of renewable materials , the microorganism comprising a genetic modification not present in an unmodified microorganism and a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile that differs from the FAME profile of the unmodified microorganism when grown in culture.2. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein genetic engineering introduces the genetic modification.3. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein random mutagenesis introduces the genetic modification.4. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the FAME profile of the modified microorganism.5. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the production of one or more fatty acids.6. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acids.7. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters one or more genes in the biosynthetic pathway of fatty acids.8. The oleaginous microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification alters pyruvate dehydrogenase claim 1 , acetyl-CoA carboxylase claim 1 , acyl carrier protein claim 1 , glycerol-3 phosphate acyltransferase claim 1 , citrate synthase claim 1 , stearoyl-ACP desaturase claim 1 , glycerolipid desaturase claim 1 , fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase claim 1 , a fatty acyl-CoA reductase claim 1 , a fatty aldehyde reductase claim 1 , a fatty acyl-CoA aldehyde reductase claim 1 , and/or a ...

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Номер записи: 60

18-01-2018 дата публикации

HIGH-OCTANE UNLEADED AVIATION GASOLINE

Номер: US20180016509A1

Автор: "DAcosta Chris", Albuzat Thomas

Принадлежит: Swift Fuels, LLC

Various compositions of matter, methods of making compositions of matter, and methods of using compositions of matter are disclosed. In some embodiments, compositions useful as aviation gasoline, sometimes called “avgas”, are disclosed. In some embodiments, mesitylene is used in compositions of matter. Additives may be employed in the disclosed compositions of matter. In some embodiments, the composition of matter has a motor octane number of about 99 or higher. In some embodiments, the compositions of matter have reduced or no heteroatom constituents, and/or may have reduced or no metal constituents. In some embodiments, compositions of matter disclosed herein may have certain performance characteristics equal to better than currently available 100LL compositions. 1. An aviation gasoline according to ASTM fuel standards comprising between 55%-65% mesitylene , a blend of C4/C5 hydrocarbons for totaling 10-14% and between 21-35% alkanes with a final fuel motor octane number of at least 99.8 MON and a vapor pressure of 38-49 kPa and a final boiling point below 174° C.2. An aviation gasoline comprising 55%-65% mesitylene (m/m) with a minimum MON of 99.8.3. The aviation gasoline of claim 1 , wherein the minimum mesitylene purity is 95% meaning that the fuel may contain 0-3% pseudocumene.4. An aviation gasoline comprising 55%-65% C9 aromatics (m/m) with a minimum MON of 99.8.5. The aviation gasoline of claim 1 , wherein there are no heteroatoms in the formula or no aromatic amines.6. The aviation gasoline of claim 5 , wherein said no heteroatoms in the formula comprises no oxygenates.7. The aviation gasoline of claim 1 , where there are no metals in the formula.8. The aviation gasoline of claim 7 , wherein there is no tetraethyllead or no MMT.9. The aviation gasoline of claim 1 , wherein said mesitylene is present at about 55% (mass/mass).10. The aviation gasoline of claim 1 , wherein said mesitylene is present at about 60% (mass/mass).11. The aviation gasoline of claim ...

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Номер записи: 61

17-01-2019 дата публикации

FUEL OIL COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20190016981A1

Автор: Huang Fu-Guan

Принадлежит:

Provided is a fuel oil composition comprising a liquid fuel and carbon black with a particle diameter less than 1 micron. The content of the carbon black is from 0.001 wt % to 4 wt % based on the total weight of the liquid fuel. By way of adding carbon black with the particle diameter less than 1 micron, combustion efficiency of the fuel oil composition used in the internal combustion engine is improved, reducing the emissions of the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide to reduce greenhouse gas production. 1. A fuel oil composition comprising: a liquid fuel and carbon black with a particle diameter less than 1 micron , wherein the content of the carbon black is 0.001 wt % to 4 wt % based on the total weight of the liquid fuel.2. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fuel oil composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a dispersant claim 1 , a surfactant and a combination thereof.3. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the content of the dispersant is from 0.001 wt % to 4 wt % based on the total weight of the liquid fuel.4. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the weight ratio of the dispersant to the carbon black is 0.5 to 2.5. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the liquid fuel includes at least one selected from the group consisting of diesel claim 1 , gasoline claim 1 , kerosene and a combination thereof.6. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the liquid fuel includes at least one selected from the group consisting of diesel claim 2 , gasoline claim 2 , kerosene and a combination thereof.7. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the particle diameter of the carbon black is 10 nm to 400 nm.8. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the particle diameter of the carbon black is 10 nm to 400 nm.9. The fuel oil composition as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the particle diameter of the carbon black is ...

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Номер записи: 62

17-01-2019 дата публикации

MESITYLENE AS AN OCTANE ENHANCER FOR AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE, ADDITIVE FOR JET FUEL, AND METHOD OF ENHANCING MOTOR FUEL OCTANE AND LOWERING JET FUEL CARBON EMISSIONS

Номер: US20190016982A1

Автор: "DAcosta Chris", Albuzat Thomas, Bower Donald L., Catania Philip J., Johnson Edward, Kasper Kenneth, Rusek John J., Stirm Brian, Ziulkowski Jonathon D.

Принадлежит: Swift Fuels, LLC

A motor fuel comprising gasoline comprising 70-99 wt % gasoline and 1 to 30 wt % of mesitylene. This fuel can advantageously contain conventional additives used in gasoline. The use of mesitylene in gasoline blend yields a fuel blend with a higher research octane number and motor octane number. In addition, an improved jet fuel is provided, having from 1-10 wt % mesitylene added to the jet fuel, having improved carbon emission characteristics while maintaining required specifications. Further, an improved bio-fuel is provided, which may function as a replacement for conventional Jet A/JP-8 fuel and has lowered carbon emission specifications, the bio-fuel comprised of 75-90 wt % synthetic parafinnic kerosene (SPK) and 10-25 wt % mesitylene. 1. A motor fuel comprising 70-99 wt % gasoline and 1-30 wt % mesitylene.2. The motor fuel of comprising 80-99 wt % gasoline and 1-20 wt % mesitylene.3. The motor fuel of comprising 80-95 wt % gasoline and 5-20 wt % mesitylene.4. The motor fuel of comprising 80-90 wt % gasoline and 10-20 wt % mesitylene.5. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP max of 225° C. claim 1 , a MON of 80 to 94 claim 1 , and an RVP of 38-103 kPa.6. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.7. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP max of 185° C.8. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP of 130° C. to 185° C.9. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a MON of at least 91.10. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.11. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has an RVP of 38-49 kPa.12. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.13. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a MON of at least 91.14. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a FBP of 170° C. to 225° C.15. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP max of 185° C.16. The motor fuel of in which the motor fuel has a 90% BP of 130° C. ...

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Номер записи: 63

17-01-2019 дата публикации

PLANTS WITH MODIFIED TRAITS

Номер: US20190017063A1

Автор: DIVI Uday Kumar, Green Allan Graham, MITCHELL Madeline Claire, Petrie James Robertson, Singh Surinder Pal, Vanhercke Thomas

Принадлежит: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

The present invention relates to transgenic plants, or parts thereof, with modified traits, as well as methods of selecting and using these plants or parts. In particular, the present invention relates to a transgenic plant, or part thereof, comprising a first exogenous polynucleotide which encodes a transcription factor polypeptide that increases the expression of one or more glycolytic and/or fatty acid biosynthetic genes in the plant or part thereof, and a second exogenous polynucleotide which encodes a polypeptide involved in the biosynthesis of one or more non-polar lipids. Furthermore, in addition to an increased triacylglycerol (TAG) content relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof, the plant or part thereof have a modified phenotype selected from; an increased soluble protein content, an increased nitrogen content, a decreased carbon:nitrogen ratio, increased photosynthetic gene expression, increased photosynthetic capacity, decreased total dietary fibre (TDF) content, increased carbon content and an increased energy content. 2. The plant or part thereof of which is derived from an ancestor transgenic plant which comprises the first and second exogenous polynucleotides claim 1 , wherein the ancestor transgenic plant was selected from a plurality of candidate transgenic plants each comprising the first and second exogenous polynucleotides on the basis that the ancestor transgenic plant comprised one or more or all of the following phenotypes;a) an increased soluble protein content in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,b) an increased nitrogen content in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,c) decreased carbon:nitrogen ratio in at least a part of the transgenic plant relative to a corresponding wild-type plant or part thereof,d) increased photosynthetic gene expression in at least a part of the transgenic plant ...

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Номер записи: 64

21-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210017458A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or CS to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 129-. (canceled)30. A fuel derived from combining(a) light oil and (1) said unconverted oils passed to solvent separation to remove insoluble remaining metals and asphaltenes to form soluble deasphalted oil, and', (i) an actual sulfur content of 0.5 wt. % or less, and', '(ii) initial boiling point being that of lowest boiling component of light tight oil or lighter materials from said hydroconversion so combined and', '(iii) highest boiling point being that of highest boiling component of said treated soluble deasphalted oil derived from high sulfur fuel oil or other residuals so combined., '(2) said soluble deasphalted oil subsequent treated either by additional hydrotreating or additional hydroconversion to form said treated soluble deasphalted oil, said fuel having'}], '(b) hydroconversion reaction effluent comprising treated soluble deasphalted oil and lighter materials derived from hydroconversion of high sulfur fuel oil, or other residuals processed by residue hydroconversion to form said effluent comprising treated liquids and unconverted oils,'}3150-. (canceled)51. A fuel characterized by comprising:(a) all or a portion of a ...

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Номер записи: 65

21-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210017459A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 1. A process for conversion of hydrocarbonaeous feeds comprising sulfur and metals to form a fuel characterized in that feed comprises light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil , said process comprising{'b': 41', '401, 'claim-text': [{'b': 411', '420, '(1) reactor zone effluent which is separated into hydroconverted liquids () and purge gases () comprising hydrogen and sulfur,'}, {'b': 409', '301', '311', '401', '351', '501, '(2) unconverted oils () which are directed to solvent separation () to form (A) soluble deasphalted oil () which is recycled as feed to said hydroconversion zone (), either separately or combined with added high sulfur fuel oil feed to said reactor and (B) insoluble pitch () which is directed to pitch treatment (), and'}], '(a) feeding one or more high sulfur fuel oils () to a residue hydroconversion zone () and contacting such oil with hydrogen in presence of catalyst at residue hydroconversion conditions in an ebullated-bed reactor to form'}{'b': 1', '411', '600, '(b) combining all or one or more portions of a light tight oil () with said hydroconverted liquids () to form a fuel ().'}2. A process in accordance ...

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Номер записи: 66

21-01-2021 дата публикации

Fuel compositions from light tight oils and high sulfur fuel oils

Номер: US20210017460A1

Автор: Mohammed Wohaibi, Tom F. Pruitt

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydro-carbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains.

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Номер записи: 67

21-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210017461A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 144-. (canceled)45. A formulated combination useful as a fuel characterized in that it is formed by combining a range of hydrocarbons of (L)+(M)+(H) and the resulting combination is from 30% to 70% by volume of (M) range constituents and the remainder is equal parts of (L) and (H) at (L)/(H) in ratio of 0.9/1 to 1/0.9 , for 100 volume percent total , and final combination density is within 820 to 880 Kg/M3 at 15° C. , total sulfur is 0.25 wt. % or less and metals are 40 ppmwt or less(a) wherein (L) comprises components of naphtha and kerosene range materials, which are refined or partially refined, unrefined or extracted and used without being subject to any fractionation, hydrotreating or other treatment process, except optional separation of light gases or water, having an initial boiling point of 38° C. (100° F.) or less having a ninety percent (90%) plus final boiling point of 190° C. (374° F.) to about 205° C. (401° F.), where (L) range components contribute to (L) range bulk density and to final combination density even though individual constituents of (L) may fall outside said combination density range(b) wherein (M) ...

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Номер записи: 68

16-01-2020 дата публикации

A multicomponent diesel composition

Номер: US20200017785A1

Автор: Kalle Lehto, Markku Kuronen, Tuukka Hartikka, Ulla Kiiski

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

The invention discloses novel diesel fuel compositions including a renewable paraffinic diesel component, a fossil diesel component and an oxygenate component, as well as methods for manufacture and use of a combination of a renewable paraffinic diesel component, and an oxygenate component for reducing NOx emissions.

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Номер записи: 69

16-01-2020 дата публикации

Composition and method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in spark-ignited internal combustion engines

Номер: US20200017789A1

Автор: Amir Gamal MARIA, Ian G. ELLIOTT, Richard Eugene CHERPECK, Theresa Liang GUNAWAN

Принадлежит: Chevron Oronite Co LLC, Chevron USA Inc

R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, aromatic ring, and a C1-C20 alkyl group and R5 is hydrogen or an alcohol having the structure —(CH)R6—OH. R6 is hydrogen, a C1-C10 alkyl group, or a C1-C10 alkenyl group, or a salt thereof.

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Номер записи: 70

16-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS OF USING IONIC LIQUIDS AS PARAFFIN INHIBITORS, POUR POINT DEPRESSANTS AND COLD FLOW IMPROVERS

Номер: US20200017790A1

Автор: Weers Jerry

Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to the use of ionic liquids as paraffin inhibitors, pour point depressant or cold flow improvers in the production, treatment and refining of hydrocarbon fluids. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein A is or contains nitrogen or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; and anion X is selected from the group consisting of anionic metallic complexes; sulfur or silicon containing anions; anionic phosphate esters; anionic thiophosphate esters; anionic phosphonate esters; anionic thiophosphonate esters; anionic thiols; anionic natural products; anionic phenols; anionic phenol resins; alkoxides; anionic copolymers of alpha olefins and maleic anhydride claim 1 , esters claim 1 , amides claim 1 , imides or derivatives thereof or a mixture thereof; amino fatty acids; anionic alkoxylated fatty acids; anionic alkyl substituted phosphines; anionic urea; anionic thiourea; anionic acrylamido-methyl propane sulfonate/acrylic acid copolymers; anionic homopolymers claim 1 , copolymers and terpolymers of one or more acrylates claim 1 , methacylates and acrylamides claim 1 , optionally copolymerized with one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers; anionic ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers; anionic phosphated maleic copolymers and mixture thereof or a zwitterion.4. The method claim 3 , wherein R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , R claim 3 , Rand Rare independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; benzyl; oxyalkyl; a straight or branched Calkyl group; a Calkylbenzyl group; a Carylalkyl group; a straight or branched Calkenyl group; a Chydroxyalkyl group; a Chydroxyalkylbenzyl group; and a polyoxyalkylene group and further wherein R groups may be joined to form a heterocyclic nitrogen or phosphorus containing ring; and Ris a straight or branched Calkylene claim 3 , an alkylene oxyalkylene claim 3 , or an alkylene polyoxyalkylene.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein A is or contains nitrogen.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein X is an anionic ...

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Номер записи: 71

28-01-2016 дата публикации

Method and System for Production of a Chemical Commodity Using a Fiber Conduit Reactor

Номер: US20160024036A1

Автор: Massingill John Lee

Принадлежит:

A fiber reaction process whereby reactive components contained in immiscible streams are brought into contact to effect chemical reactions and separations. The conduit reactor utilized contains wettable fibers onto which one stream is substantially constrained and a second stream is flowed over to continuously create a new interface there between to efficiently bring about contact of the reactive species and thus promote reactions thereof or extractions thereby. Co-solvents and phase transfer catalysts may be employed to facilitate the process. 1. An apparatus for conducting chemical reactions and chemical extractions , the apparatus comprising: two fluid inlets at one end of the conduit, wherein one of the two fluid inlets comprises a tube extending into the conduit and a perforated node at the end of the tube, and wherein the other of the two fluid inlets is arranged up stream of the perforated node; and', 'one fluid outlet at an opposing end of the conduit;, 'a conduit comprisinga collection vessel positioned proximate the fluid outlet, wherein the collection vessel comprises two fluid outlets respectively arranged along upper and lower portions of the collection vessel; anda plurality of functionalized polymer fibers positioned longitudinally within the conduit, wherein one end of the functionalized polymer fibers are secured to the perforated node, wherein the other end of the functionalized polymer fibers extend into the collection vessel, and wherein the functionalized polymer fibers comprise acid functionalized polymer fibers, base functionalized polymer fibers, hydroxyl functionalized polymer fibers, amino functionalized polymer fibers, or ether functionalized polymer fibers.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of functionalized polymer fibers comprise materials selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic polymers claim 1 , polar polymers claim 1 , hydrophilic copolymers claim 1 , polar copolymers claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. ...

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Номер записи: 72

28-01-2016 дата публикации

CONFIGURATIONS AND METHOD OF INTEGRATING A GAS TO LIQUIDS (GTL) PLANT IN A REFINERY

Номер: US20160024401A1

Автор: Dabee Sanjiv, Koppel Paul E., Ravikumar Ravi, Zychowicz Johnathon

Принадлежит:

A crude oil processing plant that comprises a Fischer-Tropsch reactor is disclosed. The crude oil processing plant comprises a crude oil processing section and a hydrogen production section. The hydrogen production section is coupled to a hydrocracker in the crude oil processing section to deliver a high purity hydrogen stream. The Fischer-Tropsch reactor receives a syngas stream from the hydrogen production section and produces a hydrocarbon stream. When light crude oil is processed, the hydrocracker typically has excess capacities to upgrade the hydrocarbon stream from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor. 1. A crude oil processing plant having a crude oil processing section and a hydrogen production section , wherein the crude oil processing section includes a distillation unit and a hydrocracker , wherein the hydrogen production section includes a steam methane reformer and a shift reactor , and wherein the hydrogen production section is coupled to the hydrocracker to deliver a high purity hydrogen stream , the plant comprising:a Fischer-Tropsch reactor coupled to the steam methane reformer, and the hydrocracker, wherein the Fischer-Tropsch reactor is configured to receive a first portion of a steam methane reformer product stream and produce (i) a hydrocarbon stream to deliver to the hydrocracker and (ii) a tail gas stream to deliver to at least one of the shift reactor and the steam methane reformer.2. The plant of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocracker is configured to receive the hydrocarbon stream claim 1 , the high purity hydrogen stream claim 1 , and a fractionated crude oil from the distillation unit to produce a mixture of a naphtha claim 1 , jet fuel claim 1 , and a diesel product.3. The plant of claim 2 , wherein the hydrocracker is configured to produce the diesel product having a cetane number of at least 45.4. The plant of claim 2 , wherein the distillation column is configured to receive a light crude oil to produce the fractionated crude oil.5. The plant of ...

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Номер записи: 73

28-01-2016 дата публикации

Apparatus for purifying material of biological origin

Номер: US20160024407A1

Автор: Kotoneva Jari, LAUMOLA Heli, NOUSIAINEN Jaakko, RISSANEN Arto, Ristolainen Matti

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for purifying tall oil material for the production of biofuels and components thereof. The present invention relates further to hydroprocessing of the purified material to obtain biofuels and components thereof. 1. An apparatus for purifying tall oil material , characterized in that the apparatus comprises{'b': '10', 'a first evaporator () arranged to evaporate said tall oil material to produce a first fraction comprising hydrocarbons having a boiling point of up to 250° C. at normal pressure and water and a second fraction comprising fatty acids, resin acids, neutral substances and residue components,'}{'b': 20', '16', '20, 'at least one further evaporator (;,) arranged to evaporate said second fraction and to produce a third fraction comprising fatty acids, resin acids and neutral substances having a boiling point under 500° C. at normal pressure and a residue fraction,'}{'b': 14', '20', '16', '20, 'a first connection () arranged to feed the second fraction to said at least one further evaporator (;,), and'}{'b': 19', '16', '20, 'optionally one or more further connections () between said further evaporators (,).'}220162020. The apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that said at least one further evaporator (; claim 1 ,) comprises one evaporator ().32016201620. The apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that said at least one further evaporator (; claim 1 ,) comprises two evaporators ( claim 1 ,).412101820162022201620. The apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the apparatus further comprises a first product outlet () for recovering the first fraction comprising hydrocarbons having a boiling point of up to 250° C. at normal pressure and water from the first evaporator () claim 1 , a second product outlet () for recovering the third fraction from said at least one further evaporator (; claim 1 ,) and a first residue outlet () for recovering the residue fraction from ...

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Номер записи: 74

28-01-2016 дата публикации

ONE-POT PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL AND GLYCEROL ETHER MIXTURES USEFUL AS BIOFUELS

Номер: US20160024408A1

Автор: DRAGO Carmelo, Francesca, LA PAROLA Valeria, LIOTTA Leonarda, Luisa, Nicolosi Giovanni, Testa Maria

Принадлежит:

A process for the conversion of a feedstock containing one or more fatty acid triglycerides to a mixture containing one or more fatty acid alkyl esters and t-alkyl glycerols, including reacting the feedstock with a compound of formula (I): 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , Rand Rin formula (II) are selected from the group consisting of methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , isopropyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , t-butyl claim 1 , ethenyl claim 1 , propenyl claim 1 , isopropenyl claim 1 , butenyl claim 1 , isobutenyl claim 1 , hexenyl claim 1 , ethynyl claim 1 , propynyl and butynyl.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein R claim 2 , Rand Rin formula (II) are methyl.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein Rin formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , isopropyl and butyl.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein Rin formula (I) is methyl.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is tert-butyl methyl ether.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is selected from the group consisting of:vegetable oils such as coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, almond oil, beech nut oil, cashew oil, hazelnut oil, macadamia oil, pine nut oil, pistachio oil, walnut oil, citrus oils, grapefruit seed oil, lemon oil, orange oil, castor oil, animal fats such as beef tallow, lard, poultry fat and fish oils;', 'waste oils and fats from various sources, such as oils and fats used in restaurants and the catering industry in, 'hemp oil, mustard oil, radish oil, rice bran oil, salicornia oil, soybean oil, Jatropha oil, jojoba oil, linseed oil, poppy oil, stillingia oil, fruit tree oil, artichoke oil, carrot seed oil, mango oil and sea-buckthorn oil;'}general, and present in the waste of the agrifood and seafood industries.8. ...

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Номер записи: 75

28-01-2016 дата публикации

GAS PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BLENDING WET WELL HEAD NATURAL GAS WITH COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS

Номер: US20160024409A1

Автор: Baker Dustin, JR. Curtis W., Murray, SR. Curtis W.

Принадлежит:

A gas processing system and method for blending wet well head natural gas with compressed natural gas is provided. The system has two inlets in communication with a blending chamber. The blending chamber is preferably defined by a heat exchanger. One inlet receives an amount of raw wet well head natural gas therethrough. The second inlet receives an amount of processed and compressed natural gas therethrough. The two gases are mixed and sent to a downstream destination. 1. A method comprising the steps of:moving well head natural gas downstream from an in-ground well along a gas flow pathway through a mobile gas processing system, the mobile gas processing system removably positioned adjacent a well site location;moving processed and compressed natural gas (CNG) downstream from a processed CNG source through a portion of the gas processing system along the pathway;blending the well head natural gas with the CNG along the gas flow pathway to create a blended gas; andfeeding the blended gas to a downstream destination.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mobile gas processing system is mounted on a trailer removably positioned adjacent the well site location.3. The method of claim 2 , the step of blending further comprising the steps of:directing the well head natural gas into a blending chamber upstream from a heat exchanger;directing the CNG into the blending chamber; anddispersing each of the wet gas and the CNG in the blending chamber.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of moving processed CNG downstream is accomplished by feeding CNG from an on-site source.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the step of directing the well head natural gas into the blending chamber upstream from a heat exchanger is accomplished by moving the well head natural gas through a first inlet of blending chamber defining a portion of the pathway claim 4 , and wherein the well head natural gas is flowing from one of the following a filter claim 4 , a separator claim 4 , and a ...

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Номер записи: 76

28-01-2016 дата публикации

FUEL ADDITIVE AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME

Номер: US20160024410A1

Автор: Cordatos Haralambos, Opalka Susanne M.

Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a fuel additive which may remove varnish precursor species in a jet fuel. In particular, the fuel additive may be a multi-functional adsorbent which includes a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional interconnected mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework and a plurality of internal cavities formed in the mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework and the internal cavities include charged sites to accommodate fuel contaminants for varnish formation, such as metal ions and heteroatomic contaminants. In addition, methods of preparing the multi-functional adsorbent and methods for removing varnish precursor species with the fuel additive are provided. 1. A multi-functional adsorbent for jet fuel , comprising:a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional interconnected mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework; anda plurality of internal cavities formed in the mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework,wherein the internal cavities include positively charged sites, negatively charged sites or combinations thereof.2. The multi-functional adsorbent of claim 1 , wherein the mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework is formed of a zeolite claim 1 , aluminophosphate claim 1 , hydrotalcite claim 1 , silicate clay claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , transition metal oxides claim 1 , doped variations thereof claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The multi-functional adsorbent of claim 1 , wherein the size of each internal cavity of the mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework is in a range from about 0.3 nm to about 4 nm.4. The multi-functional adsorbent of claim 1 , wherein the mesoporous or mixed micro-/mesoporous framework includes a polynuclear cluster claim 1 , wherein the polynuclear cluster contains one or more positively charged or negatively charged sites.5. The multi-functional adsorbent of claim 4 , wherein the polynuclear cluster is an Alcluster claim 4 , {[AlO(OH)(HO)]·nCl} claim 4 , a polyoxometalate {[XMO]·mH}or combinations thereof claim 4 ,{' ...

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Номер записи: 77

26-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE HYDROTREATMENT OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS, WITH AN OPTIMIZED GAS RECYCLE

Номер: US20170022424A1

Автор: BAZER-BACHI Frederic, BOUCHER Sebastien, CARVALHO Octavio, CHAPUS Thierry, FEDOU Stephane, SCHARFF Yves, TELLIER Elodie

Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

A process for the hydrotreatment of a feed obtained from renewable sources in which the total stream of feed F is divided into a number of different part-streams of feed F1 to Fn equal to the number of catalytic zones n, where n is 1 to 10. The mass flow rate of hydrogen sent to the first catalytic zone represents more than 80% by weight of the total mass flow rate of hydrogen used. The effluent from the reactor outlet undergoes at least one separation step. A portion of the liquid fraction is recycled to the catalytic zones in a manner such that the local recycle ratio for each of the beds is 2 or less, and the local dilution ratio over each of the beds is less than 4. 1. A process for the hydrotreatment of a feed obtained from renewable sources in order to produce paraffinic hydrocarbons carried out in the presence of hydrogen in a fixed bed reactor having a plurality of catalytic zones disposed in series and each comprising at least one hydrotreatment catalyst , in which:{'sup': −1', '−1', '3', '3, 'a) the total stream of feed F is divided into a number of different part-streams of feed F1 to Fn equal to the number of catalytic zones n, where n is a whole number in the range 1 to 10, in the reactor, the first part-stream of feed F1 being injected into the first catalytic zone Z1, the second part-stream of feed F2 being injected into the second catalytic zone Z2 and so on if n is greater than 2, the hydrotreatment process being operated at a temperature in the range 180° C. to 400° C., at a pressure in the range 0.1 MPa to 15 MPa, at an hourly space velocity in the range 0.1 hto 10 h, and with a ratio of the flow rate of hydrogen to the flow rate of feed in the range 150 to 1500 Nm/m, the mass flow rate of hydrogen sent to the first catalytic zone representing more than 80% by weight of the total mass flow rate of hydrogen used in the hydrotreatment process, in order to produce at least one effluent containing paraffinic hydrocarbons from the reactor outlet,'}b) ...

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Номер записи: 78

26-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR IMPROVING COLD FLOW PROPERTIES AND INCREASING YIELD OF MIDDLE DISTILLATE FEEDSTOCK THROUGH LIQUID FULL HYDROTREATING AND DEWAXING

Номер: US20170022432A1

Автор: BOEGER BRIAN, Dindi Hasan, Murillo Luis Eduardo, PALIT SANDEEP, Pulley Alan Howard, Ta Thanh Gia

Принадлежит:

Novel liquid-full process for improving cold flow properties and increasing yield of middle distillate fuel feedstock by hydrotreating and dewaxing the feedstock in liquid-full reactors. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the middle distillate fuel feedstock has a nitrogen content of at least 200 wppm claim 1 , and the middle distillate product has a cloud point of at least 15° C. lower compared to the middle distillate fuel feedstock.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the middle distillate fuel feedstock has a nitrogen content of at least 90 wppm claim 1 , and the middle distillate product has a cloud point of at least 25° C. lower compared to the middle distillate fuel feedstock.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein steps (b) and (c) are conducted in a single reactor containing one or more catalyst beds.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein steps (b) and (c) are conducted in separate reactors claim 1 , each of the reactors containing one or more catalyst beds.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first product effluent includes HS and NHdissolved therein and is fed directly into the second reaction zone without separating ammonia claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide and remaining hydrogen from the first product effluent.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction zone has a temperature in the range of about 225° C. to about 425° C. and a pressure in the range of about 3.0 MPa to about 17.5 MPa.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second reaction zone has a temperature in the range of about 225° C. to about 425° C. and a pressure in the range of about 3.0 MPa to about 17.5 MPa.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein both the middle distillate fuel feedstock and the middle distillate product are diesels.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the dewaxing catalyst is selected from the group consisting of catalysts comprising a non-precious metal and an oxide support claim 1 , catalysts comprising a crystalline claim 1 , microporous oxide structure without metal loaded ...

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Номер записи: 79

26-01-2017 дата публикации

Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuel from Microbial Sources

Номер: US20170022436A1

Автор: Coragliotti Anna, Day Anthony G., Dillon Harrison F., Franklin Scott, Im Chung-Soon, Trimbur Donald E.

Принадлежит: TerraVia Holdings, Inc.

The invention provides methods of manufacturing alkanes from triglyceride oils produced through fermentation of oil-bearing microbes. The processes provided herein can utilize a variety of carbohydrate feedstocks including cane bagasse, sugar beet pulp, corn stover, glycerol, corn starch, sorghum, molasses, waste glycerol, and other renewable materials. These processes further comprise hydrotreating, hydrocracking, isomerization, distillation, and other petrochemical processes for use with oil-bearing microbes and products derived therefrom to manufacture fuels. Particular embodiments include the manufacture of ASTM D975 and ASTM D1655 compliant fuels. Genetically engineered microbes provided herein can be used in the manufacture of renewable diesel and renewable jet fuel. 151-. (canceled)52. A microalgal cell comprising an exogenous gene encoding a sucrose invertase operably linked to a promoter , wherein the exogenous gene is expressed in the microalgae and hydrolyzes sucrose to fructose and glucose , and wherein the microalgae comprises at least 20% lipid by dry cell weight.53ChlorellaProotheca.. The microalgal cell of claim 52 , wherein the microalgae is of the genus or54Chlorella prothecoidesPrototheca moriformis.. The microlalgal cell of claim 53 , wherein the microalgae is of the species or55Chlamydomonas, ChlorellaChlorella, Prototheca. The microalgal cell of claim 52 , wherein the promoter is endogenous to virus claim 52 , CMV claim 52 , claim 52 , or higher plant.56. The microalgal cell of claim 52 , wherein the exogenous gene is codon optimized for expression in microalgae.57. The microalgal cell of claim 52 , wherein the expressed sucrose invertase is secreted.58. An oil isolated from the microalgal cell of59. A nucleic acid construct comprising a gene encoding a sucrose invertase and a promoter claim 52 , the promoter operably linked to the sucrose invertase gene claim 52 , wherein the nucleic acid construct when engineered into a microalgal cell ...

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Номер записи: 80

17-04-2014 дата публикации

Gas recycle loops in process for converting municipal solid waste into ethanol

Номер: US20140107234A1

Автор: James R. Jones, Jr., Peter G. Tiverios, Stephen H. Lucas

Принадлежит: Fulcrum Bioenergy Inc

Facilities and processes for generating ethanol from municipal solid waste (MSW) in an economical way via generating a syngas, passing the syngas through a catalytic synthesis reactor, separating fuel grade ethanol, extracting energy at particular strategic points, and recycling undesired byproducts.

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Номер записи: 81

25-01-2018 дата публикации

OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS WITH POST SYNTHESIS TREATED ZSM-5 CATALYST

Номер: US20180022664A1

Автор: RANDOLPH Bruce B., YAO Jianhua

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Company

A process for post synthesis treatment of ZSM-5 catalyst for converting ethylene to liquid fuel products providing substantially improved catalyst life. The treatment comprises either a base treatment, an acid treatment or a two-step treatment where one is with an acid and the other is with a base. The base treatment is provided by a weak sodium hydroxide such as less than 1 Molar concentration. The acid treatment is stronger acid where, for example, a hydrogen chloride solution at greater than 2 Molar concentration is used. 1. Oligomerizing ethylene to transportation fuel products in a reactor with a fixed bed of ZSM-5 catalyst that is essentially free of catalyst metals other than silica and alumina wherein the ZSM-5 catalyst has been provided with post synthesis two step treatment of an acid wash and a base wash to resist coke formation in the zeolite crystallites and extend catalyst life wherein the oligomerizing is conducted at a pressure between 0 psig and 800 psig , a temperature of between 260° C. and 420° C. , and a gas hourly space velocity of between 1000 and 5000 inverse hours and wherein at least 85% of the ethylene is converted.2. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst comprises catalyst a base treatment with sodium hydroxide and an acid treatment of hydrogen chloride.3. The process according to wherein the base treatment of sodium hydroxide is at between about 0.001 and about 0.5 Molar concentration.4. The process according to wherein the base treatment of sodium hydroxide is at between about 0.005 and about 0.25 Molar concentration.5. The process according to wherein the base treatment of sodium hydroxide is at between about 0.0075 and about 0.15 Molar concentration.6. The process according to wherein the acid treatment of hydrogen chloride is at between about 1 and 10 Molar concentration.7. The process according to wherein the acid treatment of hydrogen chloride is at between about 2 and 7 Molar concentration.8 ...

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Номер записи: 82

25-01-2018 дата публикации

OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS WITH POST SYNTHESIS TREATED ZSM-5 CATALYST

Номер: US20180022665A1

Автор: RANDOLPH Bruce B., YAO Jianhua

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Company

A process for post synthesis treatment of ZSM-5 catalyst for converting ethylene to liquid fuel products providing substantially improved catalyst life. The treatment comprises either a base treatment, an acid treatment or a two-step treatment where one is with an acid and the other is with a base. The base treatment is provided by a weak sodium hydroxide such as less than 1 Molar concentration. The acid treatment is stronger acid where, for example, a hydrogen chloride solution at greater than 2 Molar concentration is used. 1. Oligomerizing ethylene to transportation fuel products in a reactor with a fixed bed of ZSM-5 catalyst that is essentially free of catalyst metals other than silica and alumina wherein the ZSM-5 catalyst has been provided with post synthesis acid treatment to resist coke formation in the zeolite crystallites and extend catalyst life wherein the oligomerizing is conducted at a pressure between 0 psig and 800 psig , a temperature of between 260° C. and 420° C. , and a gas hourly space velocity of between 1000 and 5000 inverse hours wherein at least 85% of the ethylene is converted.2. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst comprises catalyst an acid treatment with hydrogen chloride.3. The process according to wherein the acid treatment is a hydrogen chloride solution at between about 1 and 10 Molar concentration.4. The process according to wherein the acid treatment is between about 2 and 7 Molar concentration.5. The process according to wherein the acid treatment is between about 3 and 5 Molar concentration.6. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst further comprises the steps of drying catalyst and calcining the catalyst after the acid treatment.7. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst further comprises the steps of drying catalyst at a temperature above 105° C. and calcining the catalyst after the acid treatment at a ...

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Номер записи: 83

25-01-2018 дата публикации

OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUELS WITH POST SYNTHESIS TREATED ZSM-5 CATALYST

Номер: US20180022666A1

Автор: RANDOLPH Bruce B., YAO Jianhua

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Company

A process for post synthesis treatment of ZSM-5 catalyst for converting ethylene to liquid fuel products providing substantially improved catalyst life. The treatment comprises either a base treatment, an acid treatment or a two-step treatment where one is with an acid and the other is with a base. The base treatment is provided by a weak sodium hydroxide such as less than 1 Molar concentration. The acid treatment is stronger acid where, for example, a hydrogen chloride solution at greater than 2 Molar concentration is used. 1. Oligomerizing ethylene to transportation fuel products in a reactor with a fixed bed of ZSM-5 catalyst that is essentially free of catalyst metals other than silica and alumina wherein the ZSM-5 catalyst has been provided with post synthesis treatment of a base wash to resist coke formation in the zeolite crystallites and extend catalyst life wherein the oligomerizing is conducted at a pressure between 0 psig and 800 psig , a temperature of between 260° C. and 420° C. , and a gas hourly space velocity of between 1000 and 5000 inverse hours and wherein at least 85% of the ethylene is converted.2. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst comprises catalyst a base treatment with sodium hydroxide.3. The process according to wherein the base treatment is with a solution of sodium hydroxide at between about 0.001 and about 0.5 Molar concentration.4. The process according to wherein the base treatment is with a solution of sodium hydroxide at between about 0.005 and about 0.25 Molar concentration.5. The process according to wherein the base treatment is with a solution of sodium hydroxide at between about 0.0075 and about 0.15 Molar concentration.6. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst further comprises the steps of drying catalyst and calcining the catalyst after the base-acid treatment.7. The process according to wherein the post synthesis treatment of the catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 84

25-01-2018 дата публикации

Antioxidants and Methods to Maximize Performance

Номер: US20180022729A1

Автор: Derek A. Pratt, Evan Anthony Haidasz, Luca Valgimigli, Ronak Mayankbhai Shah

Принадлежит: Universita di Bologna, UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA

A method of preventing or reducing the level of degradation of an organic substrate is described, wherein a composition is formed that includes the organic substrate together with an effective amount of a sacrificial base and a diarylamine antioxidant.

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Номер записи: 85

10-02-2022 дата публикации

FUEL ADDITIVE COMPOSITION, FUEL COMPOSITION, AND PROCESS FOR PREPARATION THEREOF

Номер: US20220041946A1

Автор: BHOWMIK Sandip, BOJJA Ramachandrarao, Gandham Sriganesh, Mangala Ramkumar, NARAYANAN Krishnamurthy

Принадлежит:

The present disclosure describes an additive composition comprising: (a) an organometallic compound; (b) a nitrogen-containing compound; (c) an aryl peroxide; and (d) at least one solvent, wherein the organometallic compound to the nitrogen-containing compound to the aryl peroxide weight ratio is in a range of 7:0.5:0.5-9:1.5:1.5. The addition of additive composition not only synergistically improves the properties of the at least one fuel, such as, LPG for use as torch gas for cutting and welding application, but also reduces the consumption of both fuel and oxygen for cutting applications. The present disclosure is also directed towards a process for preparation of the fuel composition. 1. An additive composition comprising:(a) an organometallic compound;(b) a nitrogen-containing compound;(c) an aryl peroxide; and(d) at least one solvent,wherein the organometal lie compound to the nitrogen-containing compound to the aryl peroxide weight ratio is in a range of 7:0.5:0.5-9:1.5:1.5.2. The additive composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound to the nitrogen-containing compound to the aryl peroxide weight ratio is in the range of 7.5:1:1-8.5:1:1.3. The additive composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound is a metal acetylacetonate.4. The additive composition as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the metal in the metal acetylacetonate is selected from the group consisting of Fe claim 3 , Al claim 3 , V claim 3 , Cr claim 3 , Mn claim 3 , Fe claim 3 , Co claim 3 , Ni claim 3 , Cu claim 3 , Zn claim 3 , La claim 3 , Ce claim 3 , and combinations thereof.5. The additive composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is an aryl amine.6. The additive composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the aryl peroxide is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide claim 1 , tetralin hydroperoxide claim 1 , (1-naphthyl)(tert-butyl) peroxide claim 1 , and combinations thereof.7. The additive ...

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Номер записи: 86

10-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHARCOAL

Номер: US20220041948A1

Автор: HUPFAUF Benjamin

Принадлежит:

A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of: a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material, b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically, c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted to the material of the full stream and to the shape of the flow cross-section of the reduction unit in such a way that a stable fixed bed kept in suspension is formed in the reduction unit, d) removing the raw charcoal from the reduction unit via an overflow, e) separating gaseous components in a hot gas filter and collecting the charcoal, and f) quenching the collected charcoal with water. 1. A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of:a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material,b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically,c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted ...

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Номер записи: 87

24-01-2019 дата публикации

COPOLYMERS AND USES THEREOF

Номер: US20190023826A1

Автор: He Qiwei, MORALES John M., PHILBIN Michael Timothy, THOMAIDES John Socrates, VADILLO Damien Christian

Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a specific copolymer obtainable by co-polymerizing at least the following monomers: —more than 80 wt % of at least one bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester, —0.05 to 15% w/w styrene, and—optionally other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, as well as to the way to synthesize them and the use of such polymers to modify the rheology of a liquid in which they are soluble. 1. A copolymer comprising:83-99.95 wt % of the bicyclic (meth)acrylate esters (a),0.05 to 12 wt % of styrene (b), and0 to 19 wt % of ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are not monomer (a) or (b),up to a total of 100 wt %, wherein the weight percentages of the monomer are based on the total weight of all the monomers.3. A copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein the copolymer is a random co-polymer.6. A copolymer according to claim 1 , comprising a total of bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester and styrene in an amount of 90 wt % of the total monomer claim 1 , or more.7. A copolymer according of claim 6 , comprising a total of bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester and styrene in an amount of 95 wt % or more.8. A copolymer according to claim 7 , wherein the copolymer is produced from isobornyl methacrylate and styrene.9. A copolymer according to claim 1 , having a cloud point in fuel of 12.5° C. or lower.10. A copolymer according to claim 1 , having an average weight average molecular weight of from 100 claim 1 ,000 to 50 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 D.11. Additive package for fuels comprising a copolymer of .12. Method for the preparation of a copolymer of comprising the step of radically polymerizing the specified monomers.13. Method for the preparation of an additives package for fuel claim 1 , comprising the step of making a solution comprising a copolymer of and one or more other fuel additives.14. Use of a polymer or additive package according to claim 1 , for modifying the rheology of a fluid claim 1 , by dissolving said polymer into said fluid claim 1 , whereby said fluid is not a fuel for ...

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Номер записи: 88

28-01-2021 дата публикации

Hydrocarbon / lipid - carotenoid complexes

Номер: US20210023223A1

Автор: Ivan Petyaev

Принадлежит: IP Science Ltd

The invention relates to uses of hydrocarbon/lipid complexes with carotenoids for improvement properties of hydrocarbon-based products as well as related methods and uses.

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Номер записи: 89

24-01-2019 дата публикации

SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS AND METHODS OF USING EXTRACTION PRODUCTS

Номер: US20190024017A1

Автор: Bruinsma Keith, Endres Donald, Furcich Steven J.

Принадлежит:

A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as a livestock supplement is disclosed. For example, the corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet or a poultry feed diet. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel. 134.-. (canceled)35. A method of producing oleochemicals from crude corn oil produced from distillers dried grains with solubles in a dry-grind ethanol process , the method comprising:solvent extracting crude corn oil from distillers dried grains with solubles, the distillers dried grains with solubles produced in a dry-grind ethanol process, the crude corn oil comprising free fatty acids in an amount ranging from about 1% to about 15% by weight of the crude corn oil; nitrogen in an amount no more than about 0.5% by weight of the crude corn oil; and phosphorous in an amount no more than about 0.05%;splitting at least a portion of glycerides in the crude corn oil into a crude fatty acids portion and a crude glycerine portion; andprocessing the crude fatty acids portion and/or the crude glycerine portion into one or more oleochemicals;wherein the oleochemical processed from the crude corn oil is substantially free from non-native emulsifiers and flocculants.36. The method of claim 35 , wherein processing the crude glycerine portion comprises refining the crude glycerine portion to produce a refined glycerine.37. The method of claim 36 , further comprising conducting esterification on the refined glycerine followed by distillation processing to produce a distilled esters of glycerol.38. The method of claim 35 , wherein processing the crude fatty acids portion comprises distilling the crude fatty acids ...

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Номер записи: 90

23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND USE

Номер: US20200024532A1

Автор: Le Manquais Katherine, Petts Matthew, Ross Alan Norman

Принадлежит: INNOSPEC LIMITED

A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound or formula H—(OR)—OR, wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group, Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1. 1. A diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive an ester compound which is the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound or formula H—(OR)—OR , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group , Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1.2. A method of combatting deposits in a diesel engine , the method comprising combusting in the engine a diesel fuel composition comprising as an additive the reaction product of an optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof and a compound of formula H—(OR)—OR , wherein R is an optionally substituted alkylene group , Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group and n is at least 1.3. (canceled)4. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride.5. The composition according to wherein each R is ethylene or propylene claim 1 , and n is from 1 to 40.6. The composition according to wherein Ris a Cto Calkyl group.7. The composition according to wherein the polycarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof includes an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms.8. The composition according to wherein the optionally substituted polycarboxylic acid or hydrocarbyl substituted anhydride and compound of formula H—(OR)n-ORare reacted in a ratio of from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5.9. The composition according to wherein the additive is the reaction product of a succinic acid or anhydride having a Cto Calkyl or alkenyl substituent and a Cto ...

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Номер записи: 91

23-01-2020 дата публикации

COMPOSITION AND METHODS AND USES RELATING THERETO

Номер: US20200024533A1

Автор: Le Manquais Katherine, Petts Matthew, Ross Alan Norman

Принадлежит: INNOSPEC LIMITED

A quaternary ammonium salt of formula (I): (I) where in X is a linking group; Y is O, NH or NRwherein Ris H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group; Q is a moiety that includes a quaternary ammoniumcation; A is an anion; Ris an optionally substituted alkylene group; Ris hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group; and n is 0 or a positive integer; provided that n is not 0 when Ris hydrogen. 1. (canceled)3. (canceled)5. The salt claim 2 , composition according to wherein the quaternary ammonium salt additive is prepared by reacting:(a) a hydrocarbyl substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof; with{'sup': 3', '2, 'sub': 'n', '(b) an alcohol of formula R(OR)OH;'}(c) a reactive alcohol or amine including a tertiary amino group; and(d) a quaternising agent.6. The composition according to wherein X is an optionally substituted alkylene or arylene and Ris an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group.7. The composition according to wherein n is 0 and Ris an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms.8. The composition according to wherein each Ris ethylene or propylene.9. The composition according to wherein Ris hydrogen and n is at least 1.10. The composition according to wherein Ris an optionally substituted alkyl group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms and n is from 1 to 40.12. The composition according to wherein Ris an optionally substituted alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms claim 11 , Ris Cto Calkyl claim 11 , Ris Cto Calkyl and Ris an unsubstituted Cto Calkyl group or a hydroxy substituted Cto Calkyl group.13. The composition according to wherein A is a carboxylate anion.14. (canceled)15. The composition according to wherein the quaternary ammonium salt additive is prepared by reacting:(a) an optionally substituted succinic acid or anhydride thereof;{'sup': 2', '3, 'sub': 'n', '(b) an alcohol of formula H(OR)OH or ROH;'}(c) a reactive alcohol including a tertiary amino group; and(d) a quaternising agent.16. ...

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Номер записи: 92

23-01-2020 дата публикации

Fuel-Soluble Synergistic Cleaning Mixture for High Pressure Gasoline Engines

Номер: US20200024536A1

Автор: Nuckols Michel, Shanahan Charles

Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to methods and fuel compositions for reducing fuel injector deposits in gasoline engines operated at high fuel pressures. The fuel compositions include hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and a synergistic fuel injector cleaning mixture. 2. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a gasoline engine according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the additive of Formula I to the additive of Formula II is about 1:8 to about 8:1.3. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a gasoline engine according to claim 2 , wherein the fuel composition includes about 1.5 to about 100 ppmw of the additive of Formula I and about 3 to about 800 ppmw of the additive of Formula II.4. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a gasoline engine according to claim 2 , wherein the fuel composition includes no more than about 600 ppmw of the fuel injector cleaning mixture.5. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a gasoline engine according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel composition further includes about 45 to about 1000 ppmw of a separate intake valve deposit (IVD) control additive selected from a Mannich detergent claim 1 , polyetheramine detergent claim 1 , hydrocarbyl amine detergent claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a gasoline engine according to claim 5 , wherein the fuel composition further includes at least one additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants claim 5 , carrier fluids claim 5 , metal deactivators claim 5 , dyes claim 5 , markers claim 5 , corrosion inhibitors claim 5 , biocides claim 5 , antistatic additives claim 5 , drag reducing agents claim 5 , demulsifiers claim 5 , emulsifiers claim 5 , dehazers claim 5 , anti-icing additives claim 5 , antiknock additives claim 5 , anti-valve-seat recession additives claim 5 , lubricity additives claim 5 , surfactants and combustion improvers.7. The method of reducing fuel injector deposits in a ...

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Номер записи: 93

28-01-2021 дата публикации

METHOD OF RECYCLING WASTE PLASTIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20210024832A1

Автор: Buchert Jürgen

Принадлежит:

In a method for thermal processing of catalytically active waste plastics mixture, the mixture is subjected in a receiving tank to a cracking temperature to undergo a cracking reaction. The mixture is transferred to a mixer pump to produce a reaction mixture which is directed into an outgassing chamber of an intermediate tank to produce an outgassed fraction and a non-outgassed liquid fraction. The outgassed fraction to produce fuel is cooled down, and a first portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction is returned and subjected again to the cracking temperature in the receiving tank. A second portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction is conducted in a bypass to the outgassing chamber of the intermediate tank for outgassing while fresh mixture is added. Residual matter settling in the intermediate tank is periodically removed. 1. A method of recycling plastic comprising the steps of:comminuting waste plastic together with an active biocatalyst containing catalytically effective inorganic residue suitable for cracking of waste plastic to form a catalytically active waste plastic mixture and feeding it into a receiving tank;heating the catalytically active waste plastic mixture in the feeding receiving tank to a cracking temperature to undergo a cracking reaction;transferring the catalytically active waste plastic mixture to a mixer pump to produce a reaction mixture;directing the reaction mixture into an outgassing chamber of an intermediate tank to produce an outgassed fraction and a non-outgassed liquid fraction;cooling down the outgassed fraction to produce fuel;returning a first portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction and subjecting it again to the cracking temperature in the receiving tank;conducting a second portion of the non-outgassed liquid fraction in a bypass to the outgassing chamber of the intermediate tank for outgassing while fresh waste plastic mixture is added; andperiodically removing from the intermediate tank settled residual matter.2. ...

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Номер записи: 94

28-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210024838A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 115-. (canceled)16. A process for conversion of one or more hydrocarbonaeous feeds comprising sulfur and metals characterized in that said conversion is directed to a single liquid fuel product , said process comprising{'b': 2', '3', '100', '200, 'claim-text': [{'b': '6', '(i) light overhead still gases (),'}, {'b': '16', '(ii) liquid fractions at or below sulfur breakpoint (), and'}, [{'b': 24', '26', '28', '32, '(A) distillate range fractions comprising sulfur (,,, )'}, {'b': 36', '38, '(B) vacuum gas oil range fractions comprising sulfur (, ) and'}, {'b': '50', '(C) vacuum residue comprising sulfur (), and associated purge gases comprising sulfur'}], '(iii) fractions above sulfur breakpoint comprising'}], '(a) separating said feed (, ) by atmospheric () and vacuum distillation (), into'}{'b': 10', '600, '(b) directing the liquid fractions at or below the sulfur breakpoint (), as untreated liquids, to a combination zone ()'}{'b': 16', '20', '430', '16', '39', '460, 'claim-text': [{'b': 65', '75', '600, '(1) one or more treated liquids (, ) which are directed to a combination zone (), and'}, {'b': '428', '(2) purge gases comprising ...

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Номер записи: 95

28-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210024839A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired FIG. by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 114-. (canceled)15. Combustion in marine or land based engines , combustion gas turbines , or fired heaters of a fuel comprising light tight oil and processed high sulfur fuel oil , wherein{'b': 41', '401, 'claim-text': [{'b': '411', '(1) hydroconverted liquids () and'}, {'b': 409', '301', '311', '401, '(2) unconverted oils () directed to solvent separation () to form soluble deasphalted oil () for recycle as feed to said hydroconversion zone (), either separately or combined with added high sulfur fuel oil feed to said reactor and'}], '(a) said processed high sulfur fuel oil () has been processed in a residue hydroconversion zone () by contact with hydrogen in presence of catalyst at residue hydroconversion conditions in an ebullated-bed reactor to form'}{'b': 1', '15, 'i': 'a', '(b) all or one or more portions of a light tight oil () is combined with said processed high sulfur fuel oil of .() to form said fuel.'}1628-. (canceled)29. Combustion in marine or land based engines , combustion gas turbines , or fired heaters of a single fuel product of one or more hydrocarbonaeous feeds comprising sulfur and metals , said fuel ...

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Номер записи: 96

28-01-2021 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITIONS FROM LIGHT TIGHT OILS AND HIGH SULFUR FUEL OILS

Номер: US20210024840A1

Автор: Pruitt Tom F., Wohaibi Mohammed

Принадлежит: MAWETAL LLC

Methods are provided to prepare a low sulfur fuel from hydrocarbon sources, such as light tight oil and high sulfur fuel oil, often less desired by conventional refiners, who split crude into a wide range of differing products and may prefer presence of wide ranges (C3 or C5 to C20 or higher) of hydrocarbons. These fuels can be produced by separating feeds into untreated and treated streams, and then recombining them. Such fuels can also be formulated by combinations of light, middle and heavy range constituents in a selected manner as claimed. Not only low in sulfur, the fuels of this invention are also low in nitrogen and essentially metals free. Fuel use applications include on-board large marine transport vessels but also on-shore for large land based combustion gas turbines, boilers, fired heaters and transport vehicles and trains. 147-. (canceled)48. A formulated combination useful as a fuel characterized in that it is formed by combining a range of hydrocarbons of (L)+(M)+(H) and the resulting final combination has the following properties:(a) sulfur from 0.05 wt. % (500 ppmwt) to 0.25 wt. % (2500 ppmwt),(b) final combination density from 820 to 880 Kg/M3 at 15° C.,(c) total metals of 25 ppmwt or less,(d) HHV from 43.81 to 45.15 MJ/kg, and(e) LHV from 41.06 to 42.33 MJ/kgwherein,(f) wherein (L) comprises components of naphtha and kerosene range materials, which are refined or partially refined, unrefined or extracted and used without being subject to any fractionation, hydrotreating or other treatment process, except optional separation of light gases or water, having an initial boiling point of 38° C. (100° F.) or less having a ninety percent (90%) plus final boiling point of 190° C. (374° F.) to about 205° C. (401° F.), where (L) range components contribute to (L) range bulk density and to final combination density even though individual constituents of (L) may fall outside said combination density range(g) wherein (M) comprises refined or partially refined ...

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Номер записи: 97

28-01-2021 дата публикации

Fuel Oil Conversion

Номер: US20210024841A1

Автор: Ramaseshan Vinod, Saunders Donald, Wei Eric

Принадлежит:

A system for processing a stream including fuel oil includes an atmospheric flash column for receiving the stream as feedstock and separate the stream into an atmospheric flash distillate stream and an atmospheric flash residue stream. The system includes a vacuum flash column for receiving the atmospheric flash residue stream and separating the atmospheric flash residue stream into a vacuum flash distillate stream, a vacuum flash residue stream, and a vacuum gas oil stream. The system includes a first hydrocracking unit for receiving and processing at least a portion of the vacuum flash residue stream to produce an intermediate stream and a slurry. The system includes a second hydrocracking unit for receiving and processing the vacuum gas oil stream and the intermediate stream to produce a naphtha product and a light ends product. The system includes a pelletization unit for receiving and processing the slurry to produce a pelletized product. 1. A system for processing a stream comprising fuel oil , the system comprising:a flash column configured to receive the stream as feedstock and separate the stream into a flash distillate stream and a flash residue stream;a vacuum column configured to receive the flash residue stream and separate the flash residue stream into a vacuum distillate stream, a vacuum gas oil stream, and a vacuum residue stream;a first hydrocracking unit configured to receive and process at least a portion of the vacuum residue stream to produce an intermediate stream and a slurry;a second hydrocracking unit configured to receive and process the vacuum gas oil stream and the intermediate stream to produce a naphtha product, a light ends product, and an unconverted oil stream recycled to the first hydrocracking unit; anda pelletization unit configured to receive and process the slurry to produce a pelletized product and a recovered oil stream recycled to the first hydrocracking unit.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first hydrocracking unit is ...

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Номер записи: 98

28-01-2021 дата публикации

Low sulfur fuel with adequate combustion quality

Номер: US20210024842A1

Автор: Erin R. Fruchey, Kenneth C. H. Kar, Sheryl B. RUBIN-PITEL, Suzanne R. Golisz

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

Fuel compositions that are low sulfur and have adequate combustion quality are disclosed. An example fuel composition that is low sulfur may have the following enumerated properties: a sulfur content of about 0.50% or less by weight of the fuel composition; a calculated carbon aromaticity index of about 870 or less; a density at 15° C. of about 900 kg/m3 to about 1,010 kg/m3; a kinematic viscosity at 50° C. of about 100 centistokes to about 700 centistokes; and an estimated cetane number of about 7 or greater.

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Номер записи: 99

28-01-2021 дата публикации

DEMULSIFIER FOR QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT CONTAINING FUELS

Номер: US20210024844A1

Автор: Tabibi Makaye, Taylor Daniel

Принадлежит: Croda Inc.

Described herein are fuel performance additives, fuels including such additive, methods of improving the demulsibility of fuels using fuel performance additives, and the use of a fuel performance additive to improve the demulsibility of fuel where such fuels are gasoline or diesel and further include a quaternary ammonium salt obtained from at least the reaction of a nitrogen containing compound having at least a tertiary amino group and a quaternizing agent. 1. A fuel performance additive comprising:a quaternary ammonium salt obtained from the reaction of a nitrogen containing compound having at least a tertiary amino group and a quaternizing agent; anda demulsifier component including a blend of (i) at least two alkoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymers, the first alkoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer having a relative solubility number of 18 to 22 and the second alkoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer having a relative solubility number of 12 to 16; (ii) an alkoxylated fatty acid polymer having a relative solubility number of 12 to 16 (iii) an alkoxylated polyimine polymer having a relative solubility number of less than 10.2. The fuel performance additive of claim 1 , wherein the first alkoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer is an ethoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer having about 25 to about 75 moles of ethylene oxide.3. The fuel performance additive of claim 1 , wherein the second alkoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer is an ethoxylated and propoxylated phenol formaldehyde polymer having about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide combined.4. The fuel performance additive of claim 1 , wherein the alkoxylated fatty acid polymer is derived from a dimer fatty diacid claim 1 , a trimer fatty triacid claim 1 , a dimer fatty diol and/or a trimer fatty trial and at least one alkylene oxide derived groups and has about 5 to about 30 total moles of alkoxylation.5. The fuel performance additive of claim 1 , wherein the alkoxylated polyimine has about ...

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Номер записи: 100