Настройки

Укажите год
-

Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

Подробнее
-

Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

Подробнее

Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Ведите корректный номера.
Укажите год
Укажите год
Применить Всего найдено 4982. Отображено 100.
05-04-2018 дата публикации

Устройство для переработки титанового лома

Номер: RU0000178489U1
Автор: Валерий Иванович Ларин, Владимир Федорович Горюшкин, Никита Сергеевич Зайцев, Светлана Витальевна Зенцова, Юлия Владимировна Бендре
Принадлежит: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"

Устройство для переработки титанового лома относится к металлургической и химической отраслям промышленности и представляет собой цилиндрический реактор из кварцевого стекла с вертикальной осью, снабженный днищем и крышкой. По оси цилиндра размещен теплоэлектронагреватель. В нижней части реактора расположен патрубок для подачи пара CClи продувочного воздуха, а в верхней части - патрубок для отвода двухкомпонентного пара (TiCl+CCl) и продувочного воздуха. К наружной поверхности реактора прикреплен наружный электрод в виде цилиндра из токопроводящего материала с подключением к нему одного из полюсов источника напряжения постоянного тока величиной более 6000 В. Вторым, внутренним и расходным электродом является титановый лом, помещенный в кольцевой контейнер, стенки которого выполнены из токопроводящего материала в виде двух цилиндрических сеток разного диаметра, расположенных коаксиально. Контейнер оснащен съемным поддоном. Заряд от второго полюса источника напряжения постоянного тока передается внутреннему расходному электроду в виде титанового лома. Полезная модель обладает повышенной производительностью и сниженным расходом тепловой энергии. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 178 489 U1 (51) МПК C22B 7/00 (2006.01) C22B 34/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C22B 7/00 (2006.01); C22B 34/12 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017124140, 06.07.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 05.04.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 05.04.2018 Бюл. № 10 1 7 8 4 8 9 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2588976 C1, 10.07.2016. SU 188674 A1, 01.11.1966. GB 2105696 A, 30.03.1983. US 5224986 A1, 06.07.1993. (54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ТИТАНОВОГО ЛОМА (57) Реферат: Устройство для переработки титанового лома полюсов источника напряжения постоянного относится к металлургической и химической тока величиной более 6000 В. Вторым, отраслям промышленности и ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 1
21-06-2012 дата публикации

Titanium bearing material flow control in the manufacture of titanium tetrachloride with silica content monitoring of the titanium product

Номер: US20120156790A1
Автор: James Merkle, JR., Raymond Roy Beets
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

This disclosure relates to a process for controlling chlorination reactions in manufacturing titanium tetrachloride in a fluidized bed reactor, followed by processing to form a titanium product comprising an amount of silica, the process comprising: (a) feeding carbonaceous material, titanium bearing material comprising an amount of silica, and chlorine to the fluidized bed reactor to form a gaseous stream, and condensing the gaseous stream to form titanium tetrachloride, a non-condensed gas stream and a condensable product stream; (b) processing the titanium tetrachloride to form a titanium product comprising an amount of silica; (c) analyzing the titanium product comprising an amount of silica to determine the analyzed concentration of silica; (d) identifying a set point concentration of silica; (e) calculating the difference between the analyzed concentration of silica and the set point concentration of silica; and (f) generating a signal which corresponds to the difference calculated in step (e) which provides a feedback response that controls the flow of the titanium bearing material into the fluidized bed reactor.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 2
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing sponge titanium

Номер: US20120304825A1
Автор: Jun Yang, Xuemin Chen, Zhi Zhou
Принадлежит: Shenzhen Sunxing Light Alloy Materials Co Ltd

The present invention provides a process for producing sponge titanium, which includes the following steps: Step A: placing aluminum into a resistance furnace, vacuum pumping, introducing inert gas, heating to molten aluminum; Step B: opening a reactor cover, adding a proper amount of potassium fluotitanate to a reactor, leakage detecting after closing the reactor cover, slowly raising the temperature to 150° C., vacuum pumping, and continuously heating to 250° C.; Step C: introducing inert gas into the reactor, continuously raising the temperature to 750° C., stirring uniformly; Step D: opening a valve to adjust the stirring speed, adding molten aluminum drops, and controlling the reaction temperature to 750° C. to 850° C.; Step E: opening the reactor cover, removing a stirring device, eliminating the upper layer of KAlF 4 to obtain sponge titanium. The present invention has the beneficial effects of short process flow, low cost, environmental protection and harmlessness.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 3
28-02-2013 дата публикации

Separation method

Номер: US20130052076A1
Автор: Andreas Monch, Andrew Chryss, David Freeman, Jasbir Khosa, Matthew Richards
Принадлежит: Individual

A process for recovering metal from a process material comprising the metal and a component that is more volatile than the metal, which process comprises: transporting the process material in a retort provided in a furnace, the retort being operated under vacuum and at a temperature sufficient to cause sublimation of the component from the process material thereby producing purified metal; depositing the component that has been sublimed on a cool surface; removing purified metal from the retort; and removing deposited component from the cool surface.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 4
18-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL ZIRCONIUM INDUSTRIALLY AND PRODUCING LOW-TEMPERATURE ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTE AS BYPRODUCT

Номер: US20130091988A1
Автор: CHEN Xuemin, LI Zhihong, WU Weiping, YANG Jun
Принадлежит: SHENZHEN SUNXING LIGHT ALLOYS MATERIALS CO.,LTD

The invention provides a preparation method for producing metal zirconium industrially and producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte as byproduct, which comprises the following steps: A) aluminum and fluorozirconate are put in a closed reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 780° C. to 1000° C. and then the mixture in the reactor is stirred rapidly; and B) after reaction continues for 4 to 6 hours, the liquid molten at the upper layer is sucked out to obtain low-temperature aluminum electrolyte, and the product at the lower layer is subjected to acid dipping or distillation to remove surface residue to obtain metal zirconium. 1. A preparation method for producing metal zirconium industrially and producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte as byproduct , characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:A) aluminum and fluorozirconate are put in a closed reactor, inert gas is fed into the reactor after evacuation, the reactor is heated up to 780 to 1000° C. and then the mixture in the reactor is rapidly stirred; andB) after reaction continues for 4 to 6 hours, the liquid molten at the upper layer is sucked out to obtain low-temperature aluminum electrolyte, and the product at the lower layer is subjected to acid dipping or distillation to remove surface residue to obtain metal zirconium.2. The preparation method for producing metal zirconium industrially and producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte as byproduct according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction time is 5 hours.3. The preparation method for producing metal zirconium industrially and producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte as byproduct according to claim 2 , wherein the reaction temperature is from 780° C. to 850° C.4. The preparation method for producing metal zirconium industrially and producing low-temperature aluminum electrolyte as byproduct according to claim 3 , wherein the inert gas is argon.5. The preparation method ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 5
18-04-2013 дата публикации

Metal titanium production device and metal titanium production method

Номер: US20130095243A1
Автор: Gang Han, Jerzy Jurewicz, Jiayin Guo, Maher I. Boulos, Mariko Fukumaru (Abe), Shujiroh Uesaka, Tatsuya Shoji
Принадлежит: Hitachi Metals Ltd, Tekna Plasma Systems Inc

A metal titanium production device comprising: (a) a magnesium evaporation unit in which solid magnesium is evaporated and a first flow path which is communicated with the evaporation unit and through which gaseous magnesium is supplied; (b) a second flow path through which gaseous titanium tetrachloride is supplied; (c) a gas mixing unit which is communicated with the first flow path and the second flow path and in which the gaseous magnesium is mixed with titanium tetrachloride, the absolute pressure is adjusted to 50 to 500 kPa and the temperature is adjusted to 1600° C. or higher; (d) a metal titanium precipitation unit which is communicated with the gas mixing unit and in which a precipitation substrate having at least partially a temperature of 715 to 1500° C. is placed and the absolute pressure is adjusted to 50 to 500 kPa; and (e) a mixed gas discharge unit which is communicated with the metal titanium precipitation unit.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 6
25-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CYCLICALLY PREPARING TITANIUM SPONGE AND COPRODUCING SODIUM CRYOLITE USING SODIUM FLUOTITANATE AS INTERMEDIATE MATERIAL

Номер: US20130098206A1
Автор: CHEN Xinyi, CHEN Xuemin, YANG Jun, YE Qingdong, YU Yueming, ZHOU Zhi
Принадлежит: SHENZHEN SUNXING LIGHT ALLOYS MATERIALS CO.,LTD

A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing sodium cryolite using sodium fluotitanate as an intermediate material, which includes the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction to form fluotitanic acid; B) adding sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to the fluotitanic acid to enable a reaction to form the sodium fluotitanate; C) putting the sodium fluotitanate into a reactor, adding aluminium to react with the sodium fluotitanate to form the titanium sponge and sodium cryolite; D) extracting the sodium cryolite and sending it to a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulphuric acid to enable a reaction to form hydrogen fluoride gas and sodium sulphate, aluminium sodium sulphate; collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving it into water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid to Step A to leach the titaniferous iron concentrate. 1. A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing sodium cryolite using sodium fluotitanate as an intermediate material , which includes the following steps:A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction at a temperature of between 100 and 200 DEG C. to form fluotitanic acid;B) adding a mixed saline solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide to the fluotitanic acid, controlling PH=3−4, separating ferrous water and oxide from ferric water and oxide, further adding the mixed saline solution to make PH=7−8, obtaining a sodium fluotitanate solution, concentrating, crystallizing and rinsing the sodium fluotitanate solution to obtain the intermediate material sodium fluotitanate;C) putting dried sodium fluotitanate into a reactor, injecting an inert gas to the reactor after vacuumizing, heating the reactor to a temperature of between 780 and 1000 DEG C., adding aluminium in the reactor and stirring quickly to enable a reaction for 4 to 6 hours to ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 7
25-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CYCLICALLY PREPARING TITANIUM SPONGE AND COPRODUCING POTASSIUM CRYOLITE USING POTASSIUM FLUOTITANATE AS INTERMEDIATE MATERIAL

Номер: US20130098207A1
Автор: CHEN Xinyi, CHEN Xuemin, YANG Jun, YE Qingdong, YU Yueming, ZHOU Zhi
Принадлежит: SHENZHEN SUNXING LIGHT ALLOYS MATERIALS CO.,LTD

A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing potassium cryolite using potassium fluotitanate as an intermediate material, which includes the following steps: A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction to form fluotitanic acid; B) adding potassium sulphate to the fluotitanic acid to enable a reaction to form the potassium fluotitanate; C) putting the potassium fluotitanate into a reactor, adding aluminium to react with the potassium fluotitanate to form the titanium sponge and potassium cryolite; D) extracting the potassium cryolite and sending it to a rotary reaction kettle together with concentrated sulphuric acid to enable a reaction to form hydrogen fluoride gas and potassium sulphate, aluminium potassium sulphate; collecting the hydrogen fluoride gas and dissolving it into water to obtain a hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution; E) recycling the obtained hydrofluoric acid aqueous solution to Step A to leach the titaniferous iron concentrate. 1. A method for cyclically preparing titanium sponge and coproducing potassium cryolite using potassium fluotitanate as an intermediate material , which includes the following steps:A) adding hydrofluoric acid to titaniferous iron concentrate to enable a reaction at a temperature of between 100 and 200 DEG C. to form fluotitanic acid;B) adding a potassium sulphate solution to the fluotitanic acid to enable a reaction to form a potassium fluotitanate precipitate, centrifuging and rinsing the potassium fluotitanate precipitate to obtain the intermediate material potassium fluotitanate;C) putting dried potassium fluotitanate into a reactor, injecting an inert gas to the reactor after vacuumizing, heating the reactor to a temperature of between 780 and 850 DEG C., adding aluminium in the reactor and stirring quickly to enable a reaction for 4 to 6 hours to form the titanium sponge and potassium cryolite; or, putting the aluminium into the reactor, injecting an inert gas to ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 8
16-05-2013 дата публикации

Process for manufacturing physical assets for civil and/or industrial facilities on moon, mars and/or asteroid

Номер: US20130118112A1
Автор: Alessandro Concas, Claudio Zanotti, Giacomo Cao, Gianluca Corrias, Massimo Pisu, Roberta Licheri, Roberto Orru'
Принадлежит: ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Universita Degli Studi Di Cagliari

A process for manufacturing physical assets for civil and/or industrial facilities on Moon, Mars and/or asteroid, as well as the kit of materials and apparatus for implementing the same. Such a kit allows in fact to implement the process of the invention by providing all materials and apparatus that will be applied on Moon, Mars and/or asteroid, thus advantageously and significantly reducing, either the costs and the volume and bulk of the materials. The process comprises the steps of enriching the regolite present in the soil in ilmenite or in iron oxides, then mixing it with aluminum powder and sending the resulting mixture to a reaction chamber for the obtention of constructive elements.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 9
27-06-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND REFINING OF TITANIUM

Номер: US20130164167A1
Автор: COX JAMES R., DEALWIS CHANAKA L., KOHLER BENJAMIN A., LEWIS MICHAEL G.
Принадлежит: UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL RESOURCE SERVICES, INC.

A method to extract and refine metal products from metal-bearing ores, including a method to extract and refine titanium products. Titanium products can be extracted from titanium-bearing ores with TiOand impurity levels unsuitable for conventional methods. 1. A method of extracting a titanium product from a titanium-bearing ore , comprising:mixing a chemical blend comprising the titanium-bearing ore and a reducing agent, wherein a ratio of the titanium-bearing ore to the reducing agent corresponds to a weight ratio of titanium oxide component in the titanium-bearing ore:reducing metal in the reducing agent of 0.9 to 2.4;heating the chemical blend to initiate an extraction reaction, wherein the chemical blend is heated at a ramp up rate between 1° C. to 50° C./min;maintaining the chemical blend at a reaction temperature between 1500-1800° C. for a time period between 5 and 30 minutes;cooling the chemical blend to a temperature less than 1670° C.; andseparating a titanium product from a residual slag.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein when tested with a titanium-bearing ore comprises (by weight) between 25% and 95% titanium oxide (TiO2) claim 1 , and at least one of up to 30% calcium (Ca) claim 1 , up to 20% magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , up to 20% manganese (Mn) claim 1 , and up to 35% iron (Fe) a yield of titanium metal in the titanium product from the titanium-bearing ore is between 85% and 95% by weight.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the yield is more than 90%.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating of the chemical blend comprises heating the chemical blend at a ramp up rate of 10° C./min.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ramp up rate is between 5° C. and 10° C./min.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ramp up rate is 10° C./min.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the reaction temperature is 1725° C.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the chemical blend is maintained at the reaction temperature for a time period between 10 and 20 minutes.9. The method ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 10
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Secondary Titanium Alloy And The Art Of Its Manufacture

Номер: US20130164168A1
Автор: LEVIN Igor Vasilievich, Puzakov Igor Jurievich, Tarenkova Natalia Jurievna, TETYUKHIN Vladislav Valentinovich, Vasilievich Levin Icor
Принадлежит: VSMPO-AVISMA CORPORATION

This invention relates to production of α-, near α- and α+β-titanium alloys from secondary raw materials, which are used mainly in manufacture of sheet material, structural parts and structural armor for defense and civil sectors. This alloy is characterized by the following chemical composition, weight percentage: 0.01-6.5Al, 0.01-5.5V, 0.05-2.0Mo, 0.01-1.5Cr, 0.1-2.5Fe, 0.01-0.5Ni, 0.01-0.5Zr, 0.01-0.25Si, oxygen—up to 0.3, carbon—up to 0.1, nitrogen—up to 0.07 and titanium—remainder. Blend is formulated based on the required tensile strength, while content of alloying elements is calculated based on design value of aluminum and molybdenum strength equivalents. This invention relates to production of α-, near α- and α+β-titanium alloys with controlled mechanical properties, namely rupture strength (tensile strength), from secondary raw materials. These alloys are used mainly in manufacture of sheet material, structural parts and structural armor for defense and civil sectors.High cost of titanium and its alloys, titanium sponge in the first place, is a major obstacle to wide application of titanium. Upcoming trend of cost efficiency of titanium alloys lies in introduction of recyclable wastes, which helps to reduce cost of secondary alloys by 30 percent and more while preserving major structural properties inherent to titanium alloys.It is a known fact that costs relating to procurement of expensive charge materials average up to 90% of all expenses in the prime cost of titanium alloys. Every 10% of introduced wastes help to reduce cost of charge materials by 5-8%. When 10% of wastes are introduced into charge materials per lton of melted titanium ingots, we save on average 100 kg of sponge and 10 kg of master alloys. (Titanium, V. A. Garmata et al., M., Metallurgy, 1983 p. 526).Titanium and its alloys are used to make semi-finished items similar to those made of other commercial metals and alloys (sheet, strip, band, plate, forging, bar, etc). Accordingly all ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 11
01-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND VALUE METALS AND SYSTEM FOR SAME

Номер: US20130195738A1
Автор: Harris Bryn, White Carl
Принадлежит: NEOMET TECHNOLOGIES INC.

A process and system for recovering titanium dioxide and other value metals from a titanium bearing solid is disclosed. The process includes leaching the solid in hydrochloric acid to produce a leachate comprising undissolved solids and a leach solution comprising the titanium dioxide and the value metals, wherein the hydrochloric acid concentration is maintained above a value required to maintain the titanium dioxide and the value metals dissolved in the leach solution at atmospheric pressure. The leachate is separated into the leach solution and the undissolved solids. The concentration of hydrochloric acid concentration in the leach solution is reduced to recover titanium dioxide by hydrolysis and precipitation to produce a titanium dioxide rich slurry. In a preferred embodiment, HCl is recovered with a matrix solution. 1. A process for recovery of titanium dioxide and value metals from a titanium bearing solid , the process comprising the steps of:(a) leaching the solid in hydrochloric acid to produce a leachate comprising undissolved solids and a leach solution comprising the titanium dioxide and the value metals, wherein the hydrochloric acid concentration is maintained above a value required to maintain the titanium dioxide and the value metals dissolved in the leach solution at atmospheric pressure;(b) separating the leachate into the leach solution and the undissolved solids; and(c) reducing the concentration of hydrochloric acid concentration in the leach solution to recover titanium dioxide by hydrolysis and precipitation to produce a titanium dioxide rich slurry.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein reducing the hydrochloric acid concentration is by heating the leach solution and removing free HCl by HCl distillation of the leach solution.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein reducing the hydrochloric acid concentration is by adding water to the leach solution.4. The process of wherein pigment grade TiOis recovered directly from solutions containing ferric ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 12
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Process for manufacturing lower chlorides of titanium

Номер: US20130213819A1
Автор: Keki Hormusji Gharda
Принадлежит: Individual

A process for preparation of lower chlorides of titanium is provided, in which titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) is reduced using a reducing agent in at least one molten alkali metal salt at a temperature of about 300 to about 1400° C. to obtain a reduced mass containing lower chlorides of titanium. A process for preparation of titanium metal from the lower chlorides of titanium is also provided.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 13
03-10-2013 дата публикации

TITANIUM METAL PRODUCTION APPARATUS AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR TITANIUM METAL

Номер: US20130255443A1
Автор: Boulos Maher I., Fukumaru Mariko, Guo Jiayin, HAN Gang, Jurewicz Jerzy, Shoji Tatsuya, Uesaka Shujiroh
Принадлежит:

A titanium metal production apparatus is provided with (a) a first flow channel that supplies magnesium in a state of gas, (b) a second flow channel that supplies titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas, (c) a gas mixing section in which the magnesium and titanium tetrachloride in a state of gas are mixed and the temperature is controlled to be 1600° C. or more, (d) a titanium metal deposition section in which particles for deposition are arranged so as to be movable, the temperature is in the range of 715 to 1500° C., and the absolute pressure is 50 kPa to 500 kPa, and (e) a mixed gas discharge section which is in communication with the titanium metal deposition section. 1. An apparatus for producing titanium metal , comprising:(a) a first flow channel for supplying gaseous magnesium;(b) a second flow channel for supplying gaseous titanium tetrachloride;(c) a gas mixing section in communication with the first flow channel and the second flow channel, wherein the gaseous magnesium is mixed with the gaseous titanium tetrachloride in the gas mixing section, and a temperature within the gas mixing section is controlled at not lower than 1600° C.;(d) a titanium metal deposition section in communication with the gas mixing section, wherein the titanium metal deposition section is at a temperature of 715 to 1500° C. and under an absolute pressure of 50 to 500 kPa, and wherein particles for deposition are movably disposed in the titanium metal deposition section; and(e) a mixed gas discharge section in communication with the titanium metal deposition section.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the absolute pressure in the titanium metal deposition section is 90 to 200 kPa.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first flow channel claim 1 , the second flow channel claim 1 , the gas mixing section claim 1 , and the titanium metal deposition section comprises a graphite wall.4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a part or ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 14
03-10-2013 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM METAL, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM METAL

Номер: US20130255445A1
Автор: Boulos Maher I., Guo Jiayin, HAN Gang, Jurewicz Jerzy, Shoji Tatsuya, Uesaka Shujiroh
Принадлежит:

A device for producing titanium metal comprises (a) a first heating unit that heats and gasifies magnesium and a first channel that feeds the gaseous magnesium, (b) a second heating unit that heats and gasifies titanium tetrachloride so as to have a temperature of at least 1600° C. and a second channel that feeds the gaseous titanium tetrachloride, (c) a venturi section at which the second channel communicates with an entrance channel, the first channel merges into a throat and as a result the magnesium and the titanium tetrachloride combine in the throat and a mixed gas is formed in the exit channel, and in which the temperature of the throat and the exit channel is regulated to be at least 1600° C., (d) a titanium metal deposition unit that communicates with the exit channel and has a substrate for deposition with a temperature in the range of 715-1500° C., and (e) a mixed gas discharge channel that communicates with the titanium metal deposition unit. 1. An apparatus for producing titanium metal comprising:(a) a first heating unit for heating and gasifying a first material selected from magnesium and titanium tetrachloride, and a first channel for supplying the gaseous first material from the first heating unit;(b) a second heating unit for heating and gasifying a second material selected from magnesium and titanium tetrachloride at a temperature of not lower than 1600° C., and a second channel for supplying the gaseous second material from the second heating unit;(c) a venturi section including an entrance channel, an exit channel, and a throat having a smaller cross-sectional area between the entrance channel and the exit channel, wherein the second channel is connected to the entrance channel and the first channel merges with the throat so that magnesium and titanium tetrachloride flowing through the first channel and the second channel merge in the throat and the merged gaseous magnesium and titanium tetrachloride are mixed in the exit channel, and wherein a ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 15
10-10-2013 дата публикации

Upgrading of titaniferous material

Номер: US20130266494A1
Автор: David Steyn Van Vuuren, Jaco Johannes Swanepoel
Принадлежит: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR

A method of upgrading a titaniferous material includes nitriding and reducing a titaniferous material which includes TiO 2 and Fe oxides in the presence of nitrogen and carbon to convert the TiO 2 to TiN and to reduce most of the Fe oxides to Fe. The Fe is oxidised in preference to the TiN to form Fe 2+ ions, whereafter the Fe 2+ ions are removed to produce an upgraded low-Fe TiN bearing material.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 16
31-10-2013 дата публикации

METHOD OF SEPARATING AND RECOVERING METAL ELEMENTS

Номер: US20130283975A1
Автор: Iida Kozo, Kiyosawa Masashi, Kobayashi Norihisa, Mochizuki Yuuki, NOCHI Katsumi, Sugawara Katsuyasu
Принадлежит:

A separation and recovery method that enables titanium and tungsten to be separated and recovered from a used DeNOx catalyst in high yield. Specifically, a method of separating and recovering metal elements that includes a first heating step of heating a DeNOx catalyst containing titanium, tungsten, vanadium and iron in a chlorine atmosphere, thereby removing the vanadium and the iron from the DeNOx catalyst, and a second heating step, performed after the first heating step, of heating the DeNOx catalyst in a chlorine atmosphere while the catalyst is exposed to a gas of a hydrocarbon compound (excluding CH) or an oxygen-containing carbon compound, thereby volatilizing the tungsten and the titanium from the DeNOx catalyst, and recovering the tungsten and the titanium from the DeNOx catalyst. 1. A method of separating and recovering metal elements , the method comprising:a first heating step of heating a DeNOx catalyst containing titanium, tungsten, vanadium and iron in a chlorine atmosphere, thereby removing the vanadium and the iron from the DeNOx catalyst, and{'sub': '4', 'a second heating step, performed after the first heating step, of heating the DeNOx catalyst in a chlorine atmosphere while the catalyst is exposed to a gas of a hydrocarbon compound (excluding CH) or an oxygen-containing carbon compound, thereby volatilizing the tungsten and the titanium from the DeNOx catalyst, and recovering the tungsten and the titanium from the DeNOx catalyst.'}2. The method of separating and recovering metal elements according to claim 1 , wherein the first heating step is performed at a first heating temperature claim 1 , the second heating step is performed at a second heating temperature claim 1 , and the second heating temperature is lower than the first heating temperature.3. The method of separating and recovering metal elements according to claim 1 , wherein mainly tungsten is volatilized and recovered from the DeNOx catalyst in the second heating step.4. The method ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 17
14-11-2013 дата публикации

PURIFICATION OF TiCl4 THROUGH THE PRODUCTION OF NEW CO-PRODUCTS

Номер: US20130302227A1
Автор: Lisa Edith Helberg
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

The present disclosure relates to reacting tin metal with crude TiCl 4 containing arsenic to produce pure TiCl 4 , SnCl 4 , and an arsenic solid co-product. In some embodiments, the contaminant vanadium is removed as well. The reaction is preferably done in a continuous fashion in two stages for maximum through-put and utility at an elevated temperature. Distillation can be used to purify the TiCl 4 produced and simultaneously yield a purified SnCl 4 product. The synthesis of SnCl 4 in this method utilizes waste chloride to save virgin chlorine which would otherwise be used.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 18
14-11-2013 дата публикации

PURIFICATION OF TiCl4 THROUGH THE PRODUCTION OF NEW CO-PRODUCTS

Номер: US20130302228A1
Автор: Lisa Edith Helberg
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

The present disclosure relates to reacting tin metal with crude TiCl 4 containing arsenic to produce pure TiCl 4 , SnCl 4 , and an arsenic solid co-product. In some embodiments, the contaminant vanadium is removed as well. In another embodiment, the vanadium is removed separately through a commercial process and the resulting arsenic containing commercial grade of purified TiCl 4 is reacted with elemental tin, sulfur and ferric chloride to substantially reduce the arsenic. The reaction is preferably done in a continuous fashion in two stages for maximum through-put and utility at an elevated temperature. Distillation can be used to purify the TiCl 4 produced and simultaneously yield a purified SnCl 4 product. The synthesis of SnCl 4 in this method utilizes waste chloride to save virgin chlorine which would otherwise be used.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 19
12-12-2013 дата публикации

Method and system for electrolytically reducing a solid feedstock

Номер: US20130327653A1
Автор: Allen Richard Wright, Peter G. Dudley
Принадлежит: Metalysis Ltd

In a method of electrolytically reducing a solid feedstock, for example a solid metal oxide feedstock, an electrode module is positioned in a first position to be loaded with the feedstock. The loaded module is then transferred from the first position and engaged with an electrolysis chamber containing a molten salt. A voltage is applied to the electrode module to reduce the solid feedstock. The loaded module may be transferred within a transfer module.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 20
13-02-2014 дата публикации

Method for recovering transition metal tetrahalide and hydrocarbons from a waste stream

Номер: US20140042010A1
Автор: Jukka Räsänen, Klaus Nyfors, Mikko Lylykangas, Pekka Malinen
Принадлежит: Borealis AG

The present invention provides a process for recovering transition metal tetrahalides from a waste stream coming from a catalyst manufacturing process by (a) establishing a mixed stream comprising transition metal tetrahalide and transition metal alkoxyhalides; (b) forming a falling liquid film from the mixed stream of step (a) at a temperature of from 25 to 85° C. and an absolute pressure of from 0.05 to 0.6 bar; and (c) establishing from the film of step (b) a first vapour stream containing from 90 to 100% of recoverable components and a second liquid stream containing about 10 to 80% of titanium haloalkoxides.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 21
14-01-2021 дата публикации

METHOD AND MACHINE FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM COBBLES

Номер: US20210008568A1
Автор: KOBAYASHI Keigo, NOMURA Shingo, TAKENAKA Kazumi
Принадлежит: Metaldo Co., Ltd.

A method of producing titanium cobbles includes: a preparation step of preparing a scrap material containing 50% by mass or more of metal titanium; a first crushing step of roughly crushing the scrap material using a first crusher; a second crushing step of crushing the scrap material, which has been roughly crushed in the first crushing step, using a second crusher; a dust collection step of collecting fine dust of the scrap material generated in the second crushing step; and a first classification step of classifying products obtained by crushing the scrap material, which have been generated in the second crushing step, into medium particles with particle sizes within a predetermined particle size range, large particles with particle sizes larger than the particle size range, and small particles with particle sizes smaller than the particle size range. 1. A method of producing titanium cobbles for use for at least one of a titanium ingot raw material , a superalloy , an additive material for an aluminum alloy , or an additive material for steel , the titanium cobbles being titanium-containing particles , each containing 50% by mass or more of metal titanium , and having a maximum size of 50 mm or smaller and an aspect ratio of 5 or lower , the aspect ratio being obtained by dividing the maximum size by a minimum size , the method comprising:a preparation step of preparing a scrap material containing 50% by mass or more of metal titanium;a first crushing step of roughly crushing the scrap material using a first crusher;a second crushing step of crushing the scrap material, which has been roughly crushed in the first crushing step, using a second crusher;a dust collection step of collecting fine dust of the scrap material generated in the second crushing step; anda first classification step of classifying products obtained by crushing the scrap material, which have been generated in the second crushing step, into medium particles with particle sizes of 3 mm or ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 22
27-01-2022 дата публикации

RECOVERING METAL OXIDES FORM A PAINT SLUDGE

Номер: US20220025483A1
Автор: Fatmehsari Haghshenas Davoud, Ghazitabar Arash, Naderi Malek
Принадлежит: Amirkabir University of Technology

A method for recovering metal oxides from a paint sludge. The method may include obtaining a first mixture by evaporating an organic part of the paint sludge. Evaporating the organic part of the paint sludge may include heating the paint sludge in a furnace. The method may further include precipitating a second mixture from the first mixture by mixing the first mixture and a sodium hydroxide solution. The method may further include recovering titanium dioxide from the second mixture by mixing the second mixture with a hydrochloric acid solution. 1. A method for recovering metal oxides from a paint sludge , the method comprising:obtaining a first mixture by evaporating an organic part of the paint sludge by heating the paint sludge in a furnace at a temperature in a range from 350° C. to 600° C.;precipitating a second mixture in the first mixture by mixing the first mixture and a sodium hydroxide solution with a weight ratio in a range from 1:5 to 1:15 (the first mixture:the sodium hydroxide solution);obtaining a supernatant solution by separating the precipitated second mixture from the first mixture;recovering titanium dioxide from the separated precipitated second mixture by mixing the separated precipitated second mixture with a hydrochloric acid solution with a weight ratio in a range from 1:5 to 1:15 (separated precipitated second mixture:hydrochloric acid solution);{'sub': '2', 'precipitating aluminum hydroxide from the supernatant solution by injecting COinto the supernatant solution; and'}forming aluminum oxide by heating the precipitated aluminum hydroxide at a temperature in a range from 1000° C. to 1200° C.2. A method for recovering metal oxides from a paint sludge , the method comprising:obtaining a first mixture by evaporating an organic part of the paint sludge by heating the paint sludge in a furnace;precipitating a second mixture from the first mixture by mixing the first mixture and a sodium hydroxide solution; andrecovering titanium dioxide from ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 23
14-01-2016 дата публикации

TREATMENT OF TITANIUM ORES

Номер: US20160010232A1
Автор: Fray Derek J., JIAO Shuqiang
Принадлежит:

A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte. 1. A method of extracting a metal or semi-metal from an ore comprising an oxide of the metal or semi-metal , comprising the steps ofproviding the ore;reacting the ore to form a product comprising an oxycarbide, a carbonitride or an oxynitride of the metal or semi-metal;electrolysing the product in an electrolyte, with the product configured as an anode; andrecovering the metal or semi-metal in a refined form from a cathode in the electrolyte.2. A method according to claim 1 , in which the metal or semi-metal is selected from the group consisting of: zirconium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , aluminium claim 1 , scandium claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , yttrium claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , uranium claim 1 , hafnium and niobium.3. A method according to claim 1 , in which the ore comprises impurities of at least 1.0 wt %.4. A method according to claim 3 , in which the metal or semi-metal recovered at the cathode has a level of impurities of less than 0.5 wt %.5. A method according to claim 1 , in which the electrolyte is a molten salt.6. A method according to claim 5 , in which the molten salt comprises a chloride of an alkali or alkali-earth metal.7. A method according to claim 6 , in which the chloride of the alkali or alkali-earth metal is selected from the group consisting of lithium chloride claim 6 , sodium chloride claim 6 , potassium chloride claim 6 , magnesium chloride and any mixtures thereof.8. A method according to claim 7 , in which the molten salt comprises one of a sodium chloride-potassium chloride eutectic and a lithium chloride-sodium chloride-potassium chloride eutectic. ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 24
11-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL USING EXCESS OXIDANT

Номер: US20180010209A1
Автор: Doblin Christian, Duxson Peter, Jewell Daniel
Принадлежит:

A method of producing a composite material comprising: supplying a metal compound (MC) of a product metal (M) and a reductant (R) capable of reducing the metal compound (MC) of the product metal (MP) to a reactor; forming a composite material comprising a matrix of oxidised reductant (R) of the reductant (R), the product metal (M) dispersed in the matrix of oxidised reductant (R), and at least one of (i) one or more metal compounds (MC) of the metal compound (MC) in one or more oxidation states and (ii) the reductant (R); and recovering the composite material from the reactor, wherein the metal compound (MC) of the product metal (M) is fed to the reactor such that it is in excess relative to the reductant (R). 1. A composite material comprising:{'sub': '0', 'a matrix of oxidised reductant (R);'}{'sub': P', '0, 'a product metal (M) dispersed in said matrix of oxidised reductant (R); and'}{'sub': P', 'R', 'P, 'at least one of (i) one or more metal compounds (MC) of said product metal (M) in one or more oxidation states, and (ii) a reductant (R).'}2. A composite material according to claim 1 , wherein said composite material comprises up to 20 wt % of said reductant (R).3. A composite material according to claim 1 , wherein said product metal (M) is selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 1 , aluminium claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , tin claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , yttrium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , bismuth claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , cadmium claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , silver claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , scandium claim 1 , ruthenium and the rare earths or a combination of any two or more thereof.4. A composite material according to claim 3 , wherein said product metal (M) comprises at least two of titanium claim 3 , aluminium and vanadium.5. A composite material ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 25
11-01-2018 дата публикации

ZIRCONIUM EXTRACTANT AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING ZIRCONIUM

Номер: US20180010211A1
Автор: Baba Yuzo, Goto Masahiro, Kubota Fukiko
Принадлежит:

Provided are: an extractant which is capable of quickly and highly efficiently extracting zirconium from an acidic solution that is obtained by acid leaching a material containing zirconium and scandium such as an SOFC electrode material; and a method for extracting zirconium, which uses this extractant. A zirconium extractant according to the present invention is composed of an amide derivative represented by general formula (I). In the formula, R1 and R2 respectively represent the same or different alkyl groups, each of which may be linear or branched; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an arbitrary group other than an amino group, said arbitrary group being bonded, as an amino acid, to the α carbon. 2. The zirconium extraction agent according to claim 1 , wherein in the formula claim 1 , the alkyl group in Rand Ris a branched chain claim 1 , and the number of carbons in the alkyl group in Rand Ris 5 or more and 11 or less.3. The zirconium extraction agent according to claim 1 , wherein the amide derivative is any one or more of a glycine amide derivative claim 1 , a histidine amide derivative claim 1 , a lysine amide derivative claim 1 , an aspartic acid amide derivative and a normal-methyl glycine derivative.4. A method for extracting zirconium claim 1 , wherein a first acidic solution containing zirconium or containing zirconium and scandium is subjected to solvent extraction using a zirconium extraction agent according to to extract the zirconium from the first acidic solution.5. The method for extracting zirconium according to claim 4 ,wherein the first acidic solution further contains one or more selected from scandium, titanium, lanthanum and yttrium, andthe first acidic solution is subjected to the first solvent extraction with the pH of the acidic solution adjusted to 0.8 or lower.6. The method for extracting zirconium according to claim 4 , wherein after solvent extraction using the zirconium extraction ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 26
22-01-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TITANIUM INGOT

Номер: US20150020646A1
Автор: ISHIDA Hitoshi, Matsuwaka Daisuke, Takahashi Daiki, YOKOYAMA Hiroshi
Принадлежит: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)

The present invention is a method for manufacturing a titanium ingot (), the method being characterized by comprising: a step of melting a titanium alloy for a predetermined time by cold crucible induction melting (CCIM); a step of supplying molten titanium () to a cold hearth (), and separating high density inclusions (HDIs)() by precipitation in the cold hearth () while spraying a plasma jet or an electron beam onto the bath surface of the molten titanium (); and a step of supplying a molten titanium starting material from which the HDIs () are separated by precipitation to a mold () to obtain the titanium ingot. 1. A method for manufacturing a titanium alloy ingot (the titanium alloy being allowable to be pure titanium) , comprising: {'br': None, 'i': y≧', '×A, 'sup': '−1.2', '700\u2003\u2003(1)'}, '(a) melting a titanium material or titanium scrap material (hereinafter referred to as “titanium material”) by a cold crucible induction melting (hereinafter referred to as “CCIM”) in such a manner that the following expression (1) can be satisfied y: the period [min] for the melting,', 'A: a thermal balance parameter,', 'P: the applied electric power [kW] in the CCIM,', {'sup': '3', 'V: the volume [m] of the melted titanium, and'}, {'sup': '2', 'S: the surface area [m] of the melted titanium,'}], 'wherein A=P/(V/S) wherein'}{'sup': '3', '(b) supplying, after (a), the resultant titanium material, which has been melted (hereinafter referred to as the “melted titanium material”), to a cold hearth, and separating an inclusion having a large specific gravity which is more than 5 g/cm(hereinafter referred to as “HDIs”) by precipitation inside the cold hearth while a plasma jet is blown onto or an electron beam is radiated onto a surface of the melted titanium material, thereby yielding a titanium alloy, and'}(c) supplying, into a mold, the titanium alloy, in which the inclusion, the specific gravity of which is large, has been separated by precipitation, thereby yielding ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 27
22-01-2015 дата публикации

High-Purity Titanium Ingots, Manufacturing Method Therefor, and Titanium Sputtering Target

Номер: US20150021174A1
Автор: Hino Eiji, Shindo Yuichiro, Yagi Kazuto
Принадлежит:

Provided is a high-purity titanium ingot having a purity, excluding an additive element and gas components, of 99.99 mass % or more, wherein at least one nonmetallic element selected from S, P, and B is contained in a total amount of 0.1 to 100 mass ppm as the additive component and the variation in the content of the nonmetallic element between the top, middle, and bottom portions of the ingot is within ±200%. Provided is a method of manufacturing a titanium ingot containing a nonmetallic element in an amount of 0.1 to 100 mass ppm, wherein S, P, or B, which is a nonmetallic element, is added to molten titanium as an intermetallic compound or a master alloy to produce a high-purity titanium ingot having a purity, excluding an additive element and gas components, of 99.99 mass % or more. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-purity titanium having decreased intra- and inter-ingot variations in the content of the nonmetallic element, a uniform structure, and improved strength by containing at least one nonmetallic element selected from S, P, and B. 1. A high-purity titanium ingot having a purity , excluding an additive element and gas components , of 99.99 mass % or more , wherein at least one nonmetallic element selected from sulfur (S) , phosphorus (P) , and boron (B) is contained in a total amount of 0.1 to 100 mass ppm as the additive component and the variation in the content of the nonmetallic element between the top , middle , and bottom portions of the ingot is within ±200%.2. The titanium ingot according to claim 1 , wherein the variation in the content of the nonmetallic element in a plane in a radial direction at the middle portion of the ingot is within ±200%.3. The titanium ingot according to claim 2 , wherein the variation in the content of the nonmetallic element between different ingots is within ±200%.4. The titanium ingot according to claim 2 , wherein the variation in the content of the nonmetallic element is within ±100%.5. ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 28
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Method for recovery of the constituent components of laterites

Номер: US20170022069A1
Автор: Ian Manson
Принадлежит: Aluchem Companies Inc, Manson Environmental Corp

Digestion of a laterite ore with sulfuric acid dissolves all constituents except silica. The resulting sulfates—aluminum sulfate, ferric sulfate, titanyl sulfate, and magnesium sulfate—remain in solution at approximately 90° C. Hot filtration separates silica. Solution flow over metallic iron reduces ferric sulfate to ferrous sulfate. Controlled ammonia addition promotes hydrolysis and precipitation of hydrated titania from titanyl sulfate that is removed by filtration. Addition of ammonium sulfate forms ferrous ammonium sulfate and ammonium aluminum sulfate solutions. Alum is preferentially separated by crystallization. Addition of ammonium bicarbonate to an ammonium alum solution precipitates ammonium aluminum carbonate which may be heated to produce alumina, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. The remaining iron rich liquor also contains magnesium sulfate. The addition of oxalic acid generates insoluble ferrous oxalate which is thermally decomposed to ferrous oxide and carbon monoxide which is used to reduce the ferrous oxide to metallic iron. Further oxalic acid addition precipitates magnesium oxalate which is thermally decomposed to magnesium oxide.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 29
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Process for Improving the Grade and Optical Quality of Zircons

Номер: US20180023170A1
Автор: Phillip James DUNDAS
Принадлежит: Iluka Resources Ltd

A process for improving the grade and optical quality of zircon, comprising: baking a mixture of a zircon feed and concentrated sulphuric acid at a baking temperature in the range of from 200 up to 400° C., and for a time to form water leachable sulphates with impurities therein including at least iron and titanium; leaching the baked mixture to dissolve the leachable sulphates; and separating the zircon from the leachate containing the leached sulphates, which separated zircon is thereby of improved grade and optical quality.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 30
25-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND REFINING OF TITANIUM

Номер: US20180023208A1
Автор: COX JAMES R., DEALWIS CHANAKA L., KOHLER BENJAMIN A., LEWIS MICHAEL G.
Принадлежит: UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL RESOURCE SERVICES, INC.

A method to extract and refine metal products from metal-bearing ores, including a method to extract and refine titanium products. Titanium products can be extracted from titanium-bearing ores with TiOand impurity levels unsuitable for conventional methods. 1. A method for the production of titanium metal , comprising: [{'sub': '2', 'a titanium-bearing ore, comprising titanium oxide (TiO);'}, 'an aluminum (Al) reducing agent, configured to reduce the titanium-bearing ore to a titanium product; and', {'sub': '2', 'a calcium fluoride (CaF) viscosity agent,'}, 'wherein the chemical blend comprises a weight ratio of titanium oxide in the titanium-bearing ore to the aluminum (Al) in the aluminum reducing agent of between 0.9 to 2.4,, '(a) heating a chemical blend to a temperature of between 1650° C.-1800° C., wherein the chemical blend comprises '(1) a titanium product, and (2) a residual slag;', 'to form reaction products comprising(b) separating the residual slag from the titanium product;(c) configuring the titanium product as an anode in an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell is configured with an electrolyte consisting essentially of halide salts of alkali metals, halide salts of alkali earth metals, or combinations thereof;(d) heating the electrolyte to a temperature between 600° C. and 900° C. to provide a molten electrolyte, wherein the molten electrolyte is in contact with the anode and a cathode;(e) refining the titanium product by directing a current from the anode, through the molten electrolyte bath to the cathode to deposit a refined titanium product on the cathode; and(f) recovering the refined titanium product, wherein the refined titanium product comprises at least 90 wt. % titanium.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the titanium oxide component in the titanium-bearing ore to the aluminum (Al) component in the aluminum reducing agent to the calcium fluoride (CaF2) viscosity agent corresponds to a ratio of:3 moles of titanium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 31
23-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR EXTRACTING AND SEPARATING ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM IN NITRIC ACID MEDIUM

Номер: US20200024687A1
Автор: HE Hongyang, HE Zhengyan, Wu Ming, Xu Fei, XU Zhigao, Zhang Rong, Zhang Wenjie
Принадлежит:

A method for extracting and separating zirconium and hafnium in nitric acid medium mainly includes extraction of acidic raw liquid containing zirconium compounds with a synergistic extraction system consisting of DIBK and a phosphonic acids extraction agent, so that the zirconium goes to the aqueous phase and the hafnium goes to the organic phase, thus achieving separation. There is no need of use of toxic substance throughout the process. 1. A method for extracting and separating zirconium and hafnium in a nitric acid medium , comprising following steps of:performing extraction by mixing an extraction agent with an acidic raw liquid formed by mixing a zirconium-containing chemical and nitric acid, mixing a raffinate, which is obtained after phase separation caused by the extraction, with a base to give zirconium hydroxide precipitate, stripping hafnium-containing loaded organic phase with a carbonate solution, mixing a liquid obtained after the stripping with a base solution to give hafnium hydroxide precipitate, and roasting the zirconium hydroxide precipitate and the hafnium hydroxide precipitate, wherein the extraction agent comprises a mixture consisting of diisobutyl ketone (DIBK) and phosphonic acids extraction agent.2. The method for extracting and separating zirconium and hafnium in a nitric acid medium according to claim 1 , wherein free acids are present in the acidic raw liquid at a total acidity of 2.0˜4.0 mol/L; and/orzirconium ions and hafnium ions are present in the acidic raw liquid at a total concentration of 0.05˜2.0 mol/L.3. The method for extracting and separating zirconium and hafnium in a nitric acid medium according to claim 2 , wherein nitrate ions are present in the acidic raw liquid at a concentration of 2.0˜4.0 mol/L; and/orsulfate ions are present at a concentration of 0˜1.0 mol/L.4. The method for extracting and separating zirconium and hafnium in a nitric acid medium according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic salt is at least one ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 32
29-01-2015 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING ALUMINIUM FROM BAUXITE OR ITS RESIDUE

Номер: US20150027902A1
Автор: Gharda Keki Hormusji
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure related to an economic and environmental safe process for obtaining one or more metals from the red mud slag, bauxite, karst bauxite, lateritic bauxite, clay and the like. The present disclosure also related to a process for obtaining elemental aluminum by electrolyzing AlClin the electrolysis cell. 1. A process for obtaining at least one metal from a mixture comprising an aluminum compound and optionally , at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an iron compound and a titanium compound; said process comprising the following steps:a. pulverizing the mixture to obtain a powder and calcining said powder at a temperature ranging between 600° C. and 800° C. to obtain a calcined feed containing aluminum oxide and optionally, at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide and iron oxide;b. mixing the calcined feed with a carbonaceous material to obtain a blend; carbochlorinating the blend by using a stream of chlorine gas at a temperature ranging between 600° C. and 1000° C., to obtain a gaseous stream containing aluminum chloride and optionally, at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of iron (III) chloride and titanium chloride;c. condensing the gaseous stream to obtain a chloride condensate containing aluminum chloride constituent and optionally, at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of iron (III) chloride constituent and titanium chloride constituent;d. optionally, treating the chloride condensate to fractionally separate the aluminum chloride constituent and optionally at least one chloride constituent selected from the group consisting of iron (III) chloride constituent and titanium chloride constituent; ande. electrolyzing the aluminum chloride constituent in an electrolysis cell to obtain aluminum metal.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the calcined feed contains aluminum oxide claim 1 , iron oxide and optionally titanium oxide claim 1 , the step of ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 33
23-01-2020 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND REFINING OF TITANIUM

Номер: US20200024761A1
Автор: COX JAMES R., DEALWIS CHANAKA L., KOHLER BENJAMIN A., LEWIS MICHAEL G.
Принадлежит: UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL RESOURCE SERVICES, INC.

A method to extract and refine metal products from metal-bearing ores, including a method to extract and refine titanium products. Titanium products can be extracted from titanium-bearing ores with TiOand impurity levels unsuitable for conventional methods. 176.-. (canceled)77. A method , comprising: a titanium-bearing ore comprising between 25 wt. % and 99.6 wt. % titanium oxide;', 'an Al reducing agent, configured to reduce the titanium-bearing ore to a titanium product; and', 'a CaF2 viscosity agent;, '(a) heating a chemical blend to a temperature of between 1500° C.-1800° C. wherein the chemical blend consists ofwherein the ratio of the titanium-bearing ore to the reducing agent to the viscosity agent corresponds to a ratio of:3 of a titanium oxide component in the titanium-bearing ore, tofrom 4 to not greater than 7 of the Al reducing agent, tofrom 2 to not greater than 6 of the CaF2 viscosity agent;(b) initiating an extraction reaction in the chemical blend to form: (1) a titanium product, and (2) a residual slag; and(c) separating the residual slag from the titanium product, wherein via the chemical blend ratio, the CaF2 viscosity agent adjusts the slag viscosity to allow for efficient separation of the titanium product from the residual slag into two layers during the reaction;(d) configuring the titanium product from the extraction reaction as an anode in an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell is configured with an electrolyte;(e) heating the electrolyte consisting of: halide salts of alkali metals, halide salts of alkali earth metals, or combinations thereof, to a temperature between 600° C. and 900° C. to provide a molten electrolyte, wherein the molten electrolyte is retained in a reaction vessel and is in contact with the anode and a cathode;(f) directing a current from the anode, through the molten electrolyte bath to the cathode;(g) depositing a refined titanium product on the cathode; and(h) recovering the refined titanium product from ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 34
04-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREFERENTIAL DISSOLUTION OF IRON IN THE PRESENCE OF TITANIUM

Номер: US20160032422A1
Автор: Corbin David Richard, HAMBLETON WILLIAM B., Menning Carl Andrew
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are processes for selectively solubilizing iron from a substrate material containing both titanium and iron, such as ilmenite ore. In one embodiment, the process comprises contacting a substrate material comprising iron and titanium with an aqueous solution of an extractant selected from the group consisting of malonic acid, a malonic acid salt, citric acid, a citric acid salt, and mixtures thereof, at a temperature between about 25° C. and about 160° C. for a time sufficient to form an aqueous leachate comprising iron and titanium, and solids comprising titanium; wherein the leachate has a titanium content of 25 weight percent or less, based on the sum of the iron and the titanium contents of the leachate on a weight basis. 1. A process comprising the step:a) contacting a substrate material comprising iron and titanium with an aqueous solution of an extractant selected from the group consisting of malonic acid, a malonic acid salt, citric acid, a citric acid salt, and mixtures thereof, at a temperature between about 25° C. and about 160° C. for a time sufficient to form an aqueous leachate comprising iron and titanium, and solids comprising titanium;wherein the leachate has a titanium content of 25 weight percent or less, based on the sum of the iron and the titanium contents of the leachate on a weight basis.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the steps:b) separating the solids from the leachate to obtain separated solids; andc) optionally, washing the separated solids with water.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate material comprises ilmenite ore.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate material comprises titanyl hydroxide cake.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate material comprises titanium dioxide pigment.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the titanium dioxide pigment comprises rutile titanium dioxide claim 5 , anatase titanium dioxide claim 5 , or a mixture thereof.7. The process of claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 35
01-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING RUTILE FROM ACID-SOLUBLE TITANIUM SLAG

Номер: US20180030575A1
Автор: CHEN GUO, Chen Jin, GUO Shenghui, PENG Jinhui, ZHANG Libo, ZHOU Junwen
Принадлежит:

Provided is a method for preparing rutile from acid-soluble titanium slag, including: grinding acid-soluble titanium slag; adding a sodium carbonate modifier, and performing microwave irradiation treatment in a microwave device; adding an ammonium bifluoride additive; and performing acid purification and calcination to obtain rutile. By means of a microwave heating mode, the equipment investment needed by the method is low, and the energy consumption is low. The purity of artificial rutile is more than 91%, byproducts are fewer, and the environmental pollution is low. 1. A method for preparing rutile from an acid-soluble titanium slag , '(i) grinding including:', 'comprising steps ofgrinding the acid-soluble titanium slag using a grinding device so that 80 wt % or more of the slag has a particle size of −100 mesh, thereby obtaining an acid-soluble titanium slag powder; then(ii) modifying including:adding sodium carbonate as a modifier to the acid-soluble titanium slag powder obtained in step (i) in an amount of 20-40 wt % based on a weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag powder, mixing uniformly, and then radiating the mixture using microwave at a temperature of 750-850° C. in a microwave device, thereby obtaining a modified acid-soluble titanium slag,wherein the microwave device has a frequency of 912-918 MHz, and the radiating is performed for 1.5-2.5 hours min; then(iii) adding an additive including:grinding the modified acid-soluble titanium slag obtained in step (ii) so that 80 wt % or more of the slag has a particle size of −160 mesh, and adding ammonium bifluoride as an additive thereto, thereby obtaining an additive-containing acid-soluble titanium slag; and(iv) removing impurities in an acid environment and calcining including:uniformly mixing the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step (iii) with a sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 15-30 wt % at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4-6, removing impurities from ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 36
08-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING TITANIUM FROM TITANIUM OXIDES THROUGH MAGNESIUM VAPOUR REDUCTION

Номер: US20180037974A1
Автор: ABAYAWEERA GAYANI, Amaratunga Gehan, Ekanayake Ruwini, Fernando Niranjala, Karunaratne Veranja, Kottegoda Nilwala
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapour to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods. 1. A method of producing titanium metal from titanium oxides comprising:a. providing a composition comprising a titanium oxide source in a reaction vessel;b. providing a composition comprising a Mg source in the reaction vessel;c. heating the reaction vessel to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. until a vapour of Mg is produced for at least 30 minutes to form a reaction product; andd. washing said reaction product with one or more washing media to form a washed titanium reaction product.2. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises titanium oxide powder.3. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises a natural rutile source.4. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises an iron removed ilmenite sand.5. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder comprises TiOnanopowder.6. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder is a sub-oxide of Ti.7. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder comprises 95% titanium oxide.8. The method of wherein the composition comprising the Mg source comprises Mg powder.9. The method of wherein the Mg powder comprises Mg nanopowder.10. The method of wherein the Mg powder comprises 99% Mg.11. The method of wherein the washed titanium reaction product has a purity of greater than 99% titanium.12. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. for about 2 hours to form a reaction product.13. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of about 850° C. for about 2 hours to form ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 37
24-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF METAL-CONTAINING MATERIAL FROM A COMPOSITE MATERIAL

Номер: US20220056557A1
Автор: Duxson Peter, Jewell Daniel
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a method for the recovery of a metal-containing product (M) comprising: providing a composite material comprising a matrix of oxidised reductant (R), a product metal (M) dispersed in the matrix of oxidised reductant (R), and one or more metal compounds (MC) of the product metal (M) in one or more oxidation states dispersed in the matrix of oxidised reductant (R); and treating the composite material to at least partially remove the one or more metal compounds (MC) from the matrix of oxidised reductant (Ro) to form the metal-containing product (M). 1. Metal-containing product (M) comprising a particulate product metal (M) having a particle size of less than 500 μm , the metal-containing product produced by a method comprising:{'sub': o', 'P', 'o', 'P', 'R', 'P', 'o, 'providing a composite material comprising a matrix of oxidized reductant (R), the product metal (M) dispersed in the matrix of oxidized reductant (R), and one or more metal compounds (MC) of said product metal (M) in one or more oxidation states dispersed in said matrix of oxidized reductant (R); and'}{'sub': P', 'R', 'o', 'Prod, 'treating said composite material to at least partially remove said one or more metal compounds (MC) from said matrix of oxidized reductant (R) to form a metal-containing product (M).'}2. Metal-containing product according to claim 1 , wherein said (M) metal-containing product (M) is an alloy.3. Metal-containing product according to claim 2 , wherein said (M) alloy approximates Ti-6Al-4V.4. Metal-containing product (M) according to claim 1 , comprises particulate product metal (M) having a particle size of from 20-300 μm.5. Metal-containing product (M) according to claim 2 , wherein said metal-containing product (M) is an alloy of two or more of titanium claim 2 , vanadium and aluminum.6. Metal-containing product (M) comprising a particulate product metal (M) claim 2 , with the particulate product metal (M) being an alloy that approximates Ti64 claim 2 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 38
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Production system for a hafnium crystal bar and the method thereof

Номер: US20190040493A1
Автор: CHEN Huaihao
Принадлежит: Nanjing Youtian Metal Technology Co.,Ltd.

The present invention discloses a production system for a hafnium crystal bar and the method thereof. The technical program includes a power supply unit with large DC current, an iodizer, a molybdenum insulator provided inside the iodizer, a thermostatic device, a cooling unit, a vacuum unit, an iodine box for iodizing the iodizer, an electrode unit electrically connected to the power supply unit, wherein the electrode unit is disposed above the iodizer, a crystallization unit provided inside the iodizer, wherein the crystallization unit is connected to the electrode unit, and a rough hafnium provided between the iodizer and the molybdenum insulator. The thermostatic device is a structure with an insulation layer provided outside an inner tank, and an electric heating wire is provided between the inner tank and the insulation layer. The inner tank of the thermostatic device is filled with a saline solution. 1. A production system for a hafnium crystal bar comprising:a power supply unit with a large DC current;an iodizer;a molybdenum insulator provided inside the iodizer;a thermostatic device capable of accommodating the iodizer;a cooling unit for cooling the iodizer;a vacuum unit for vacuumizing the iodizer;an iodine box for adding iodine into the iodizer, wherein the iodine box is controlled by a ball valve;an electrode unit electrically connected to the power supply unit, wherein the electrode unit is disposed above the iodizer;a crystallization unit provided inside the iodizer, wherein the crystallization unit is connected to the electrode unit; andrough hafnium provided between the iodizer and the molybdenum insulator;wherein, the thermostatic device is a structure with an insulation layer provided outside an inner tank, and an electric heating wire is provided between the inner tank and the insulation layer, wherein the inner tank of the thermostatic device is filled with a saline solution;wherein the iodizer is fixedly mounted inside the inner tank of the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 39
15-02-2018 дата публикации

Methods For Producing Metal Powders And Metal Masterbatches

Номер: US20180043437A1
Автор: Finnerty Donald, Henderson David, Koenitzer John, Matheson Andrew, Van Lieshout Richard
Принадлежит: Nanoscale Powders, LLC

A method for producing a metal powder that combines molten reducing metal and metal halide in a space that is substantially free of oxygen and water, wherein the molten reducing metal is sodium and/or potassium, or aluminum (or magnesium or titanium) and is present in a stoichiometric excess to the metal halide which is a solid or liquid, thereby producing metal particles and salt, removing unreacted reducing metal, optionally removing the salt, and recovering the metal powder, is described. A method for producing a metal masterbatch wherein the molten reducing metal is aluminum, magnesium, and/or titanium and after combining molten aluminum (or magnesium or titanium) and metal halide in the reaction space, substantially removing the produced metal salt to obtain the metal masterbatch which comprises at least a portion of the molten aluminum (or magnesium or titanium) and at least one metal also is described. 1. A method for producing a metal powder , the method comprising:a) combining at least one metal halide and at least one molten reducing metal in a space that is substantially free of oxygen and water, wherein said molten reducing metal is present in a stoichiometric excess to the metal halide, to obtain a reaction product that comprises at least one metal salt and metal, and wherein the molten reducing metal comprises i) at least 90 wt % sodium or potassium or a mixture of potassium and sodium or ii) at least 90 wt % aluminum, magnesium, or titanium based on total weight of said molten reducing metal, and the at least one metal halide is a solid or liquid, with the proviso that the molten reducing metal is different from the metal of the at least one metal halide;b) substantially removing unreacted said molten reducing metal in said reaction product;c) recovering at least said metal, wherein the metal of the metal salt is the molten reducing metal, and the ‘metal’ recovered from the reaction product is from the metal of the metal halide.2. The method of claim ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 40
15-02-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS

Номер: US20180044762A1
Автор: HARA Yotamu Stephen Rainford, JHA Animesh, PARIRENYATWA Stephen, SANCHEZ-SEGADO Sergio
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS

The present invention relates to a process for recovering a primary metal residue from a metal-containing composition. 1. A process for recovering a primary metal residue from a metal-containing composition comprising:(a) preparing a feedstock of the metal-containing composition and an alkali salt;(b) reductively or oxidatively roasting the feedstock at a roasting temperature for a roasting period to produce a roast;(c) cooling the roast to produce a roasted mass containing metallic iron or an alloy or compound thereof and soluble metal oxides;(d) adding an aqueous medium to the roasted mass to form a substantially insoluble product and a first solution of soluble metal oxides;(e) acid leaching the substantially insoluble product or a fraction thereof to produce a leach residue and a second solution of soluble metal oxides;(f) roasting the leach residue in the presence of a bisulphate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to produce a roasted residue; and(g) hydrometallurgically extracting from the roasted residue the primary metal residue and a third solution of soluble metal oxides.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bisulphate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is a bisulphate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bisulphate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is NaHSO.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising: recovering one or more metal value-containing precipitates from the first solution of soluble metal oxides.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising: recovering one or more metal value-containing precipitates from the third solution of soluble metal oxides.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:(d1) separating a rare earth oxides-containing colloidal solution from the surface of the first solution of soluble metal oxides.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal- ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 41
15-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING METAL

Номер: US20180044806A1
Автор: DEANE JAMES
Принадлежит:

A method of producing a non-metallic feedstock powder suitable for reduction to metal comprises the steps of combining a liquid with solid metal oxide particles to form a mixture, subjecting the mixture to high-shear mixing to form a liquid suspension of metal oxide and the liquid, and drying the liquid suspension using a fluidised-bed spray-granulation process to grow a plurality particles to form the non-metallic feedstock powder. The method allows feedstock powders to be grown to desired particle sizes. The method allows production of feedstock powders having controlled compositions. 1. A method of producing a non-metallic feedstock powder suitable for reduction to metal comprising the steps of;combining a liquid with solid metal oxide particles to form a mixture,subjecting the mixture to high-shear mixing to form a liquid suspension of metal oxide and the liquid, anddrying the liquid suspension using a fluidised-bed spray-granulation process to grow a plurality particles to form the non-metallic feedstock powder.2. The method according to claim 1 , in which claim 1 , the step of drying the liquid suspension comprises the further steps of claim 1 ,spraying a portion of the liquid suspension into a heated chamber of a fluidised-bed spray-granulation apparatus such that liquid is removed from individual droplets of the suspension to form a plurality of seed particles,maintaining the plurality of seed particles within the heated chamber by means of a fluidising gas stream, andspraying further portions of the liquid suspension into the heated chamber, droplets of the liquid suspension successively adsorbing to and drying on the plurality of seed particles, thereby growing particles to form the non-metallic feedstock powder.3. The method according to claim 1 , in which the liquid comprises water and an organic binder claim 1 , for example in which the binder is an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) claim 1 , polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) claim 1 , or ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 42
03-03-2022 дата публикации

Method for producing alloy powders based on titanium metal

Номер: US20220062993A1
Автор: Andrii Gonchar, Andriy Brodskyy, Oleksandr Chukhmanov, Roman Romanov, Viktor Troshchylo
Принадлежит: Rd Titan Group Tov, Velta Holdings Us Inc, Velta Holdings Usa Inc

The invention relates to powder metallurgy, in particular to a method for metallothermal reduction of feedstock elements made from feedstock being a solid solution of oxides of various elements in titanium oxide, using magnesium and/or calcium as reducing agents. Processes include hydrolysis of an aqueous solution of a titanium-containing salt to obtain primary particles of crystalline titanium oxide, calcination of a precipitate of titanium oxides/hydroxides, formation of feedstock elements from a milled powder of a solid solution of dopants in titanium oxide, reduction of feedstock elements in one step using calcium metal or reduction of feedstock elements in two steps, using magnesium metal or calcium metal in the first step, and calcium metal in the second step. The aim of the invention is to produce alloy powders of titanium metal with a particularly low oxygen content.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 43
25-02-2016 дата публикации

RECYCLE OF TITANIUM DIBORIDE MATERIALS

Номер: US20160052795A1
Автор: DiMilia Robert A., McMillen James C., Phelps Frankie A., Schnitgen Andrew L., Weaver Mark L.
Принадлежит:

A method to recycle TiB2 articles, and in particular, a method to recycle a TiB2 feedstock including TiB2 articles and Ti-ore and/or Ti-slag by chlorination. 1. A method to produce a titanium product , comprising:preparing a TiB2 feedstock; andchlorinating the prepared TiB2 feedstock to produce a titanium chloride product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the TiB2 feedstock comprises TiB2 articles claim 1 , and the preparing of the TiB2 feedstock comprises crushing the TiB2 articles to a predetermined average TiB2 particle size or TiB2 particle size distribution.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the TiB2 articles comprise at least one of TiB2 armor products claim 2 , TiB2 tool products claim 2 , TiB2 coatings claim 2 , TiB2 electrodes claim 2 , and TiB2 powders.4. The method of wherein the TiB2 feedstock consists essentially of crushed TiB2 articles.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the crushed TiB2 articles comprise at least one of sodium and fluorine residues.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the crushed TiB2 articles comprise no more than 2% sodium and fluorine residues.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the preparing of the TiB2 feedstock further comprises combining the TiB2 articles with at least one of Ti-containing ores and Ti-slag.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein preparing of the TiB2 feedstock further comprises crushing the combination of TiB2 articles with at least one of Ti-containing ores and Ti-slag to a predetermined average particle size or particle size distribution to prepare the TiB2 feedstock.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the Ti-containing ore comprises ilmenite.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the Ti-containing ore comprises has a TiO2 content of at least 80% by weight.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the Ti-slag comprises smelting products of ilmenite ore processed to lower the iron content thereof.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the Ti-slag has a TiO2 content of at least 85%.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the TiB2 ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 44
22-02-2018 дата публикации

Novel Synthetic Rutile Products and Processes for Their Production

Номер: US20180050921A1
Автор: Bernard Nicholas Glen, Bultitude-Paull John Maxwell
Принадлежит:

This invention relates broadly to the production of titanium alloys by electrolytic reduction processes, and is concerned in one or more aspects with the preparation of a feedstock for such processes. In other aspects, the invention relates to a novel synthetic rutile (SR) product and to methods of producing titanium alloy from titaniferous material. 1. A method of preparing a synthetic rutile feedstock for an electrolytic reduction process , comprising:treating a titaniferous material in a reducing atmosphere at an elevated temperature in the presence of a reductant whereby to convert the titaniferous material to a reduced titaniferous material in which iron oxides in the titaniferous material have been substantially reduced to metallic iron, and rutile in the titaniferous material has been reduced fully or partly to reduced rutiles, pseudobrookite or anosovite, and separating out the metallic iron so as to obtain a synthetic rutile product,wherein the treatment of the titaniferous material is effected in the presence of an added amount of one or more titanium alloying elements, whereby the synthetic rutile product incorporates a proportion of the one or more titanium alloying elements for achieving a corresponding proportion of the one or more titanium alloying elements in a titanium alloy produced by reduction of the synthetic rutile product in an electrolytic reduction process; wherein at least one of the one or more titanium alloying elements is selected from the group consisting of: metals and metalloids; andwherein Mg and Mn are added only in combination with at least an added amount of one further titanium alloying element of the one or more titanium alloying elements.2. A method of producing a titanium alloy from a synthetic rutile product prepared according to claim 1 , the method including:reducing the synthetic rutile product to titanium metal by electrolysis in a fused salt electrolyte or a mixture of such salts, wherein the electrolysis is conducted ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 45
03-03-2016 дата публикации

Method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using wet process

Номер: US20160060728A1
Автор: Desheng Chen, Hongxin ZHAO, Jingkui QU, Lina Wang, Tao Qi, Tianyan XUE, Yahui Liu
Принадлежит: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS

A method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using a wet process. The method comprises the steps: extracting vanadium from vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores and processing, by using the vanadium extraction method, obtained leaching residue by using a wet process, so as to obtain titanium; and calcining the remaining liquid extracted during the vanadium extraction, so as to prepare ferric oxide. The flow of the method is short, and the energy consumption is low, thereby avoiding waste of a titanium resource.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 46
01-03-2018 дата публикации

WATER-LEACHABLE ALLOY-MELT-SWAPPING PROCESS AND POROUS METAL MANUFACTURED USING THE SAME

Номер: US20180057912A1
Автор: LEE Jein, PARK Eunsoo, RYU Wookha, Yoo Geun Hee, Yoon Kooknoh
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is an AMS process using a water-leachable alloy that reacts with water and dissolves, and a porous metal manufactured using the same. An AMS precursor including element groups that are selected in consideration of the relationship of heat of mixing with the water-leachable alloy composition to be subjected to the AMS process is immersed in the alloy melt, thus manufacturing a bi-continuous structure alloy. The bi-continuous structure alloy is subjected to dealloying using water, thus manufacturing the porous metal. The water-leachable alloy is a Ca-based alloy having high reactivity to water and high oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and a dealloying process thereof is performed using only pure water, unlike a conventional dealloying process performed using a toxic etching solution of a strong acid/strong base. The metal porous body has high elongation, a large surface area, and low thermal conductivity. 1. A method of manufacturing a porous metal using a water-leachable alloy-melt-swapping process , the method comprising:preparing a water-leachable alloy having excellent oxidation resistance;preparing an AMS precursor including a composition having a relationship of both positive (+) and negative (−) heats of mixing with the alloy elements;manufacturing a bi-continuous structure alloy by immersing the AMS precursor in the water-leachable alloy melt; andmanufacturing the porous metal using dealloying, performed by immersing the bi-continuous structure alloy in water.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the water-leachable alloy having the excellent oxidation resistance is performed using a Ca-based alloy.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the Ca-based alloy is represented by CaMg(55≦x≦82 at. %).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein preparing the AMS precursor includes manufacturing an AMS precursor having a composition including one or more elements selected from an element group II including Ti claim 1 , V claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 47
10-03-2016 дата публикации

Extraction/separation method

Номер: US20160068930A1
Автор: Hiroto Sugahara
Принадлежит: Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd

The inventive extraction/separation method involves the step of contacting an organic phase containing a dialkyldiglycol amic acid extractant: R 1 R 2 NCOCH 2 OCH 2 COOH with an aqueous solution containing scandium and zirconium and/or hafnium for thereby extracting zirconium and/or hafnium into the organic phase. The purity of scandium can be efficiently increased by the simple step of solvent extraction.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 48
19-03-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING ORGANIC PHASE SUBSTANCE BY USING HALOGEN-CONTAINING CHECICAL OR CHEMICALS AND/OR MIXTURE CONTAINING OXYGEN-CONTAINING OXIDIZER OR OXIDIZERS AND ORGANIC CARBONYL ANALOGUE OR ANALOGUES, AND/OR METHOD FOR EXTRACTING OR DEPOSITING HEAVY ELEMENT SPECIES AND/OR ORGANIC COMPONENTS OF ASPHALTENE AND/OR INORGANIC SUBSTANCE FROM THE ORGANIC PHASE SUBSTANCE BY USING HALOGEN-CONTAINING CHEMICAL OR CHEMICALS AND/OR MIXTURE CONTAINING OXYGEN-CONTAINING OXIDIZER OR OXIDIZERS AND ORGANIC CARBONYL ANALOGUE OR ANALOGUES, AND PLANT USING FOR THE METHOD, AND ORGANIC PHASE SUBSTANCE

Номер: US20150075065A1
Автор: Brommeland Richard, Hayashi Yutaka, Myles Andrew, Nakamura Tooru, Suzuki Akira
Принадлежит: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

The invention provides a processing method for upgrading an organic phase substance by removing heavy element species from the organic phase substance originating from a resource substance in mild environmental conditions, and further provides a method for collecting removed heavy element species and a method for collecting other substances. 1. A method for processing an organic phase substance , comprising:allowing an organic phase substance to coexist with a water phase, wherein the organic phase substance contains at least organic components originating from one or more selected from crude oil, bitumen, tar, residual fuel oil, petroleum residue, oil sands, tar-sand, asphaltene, fossil strata, cokes, oil-shale and coal, and contacting resultant of the above coexistence with halogen-containing chemical or chemicals, thereby extracting or depositing the heavy element species from the organic phase substance into the water phase.2. The method for processing an organic phase substance according to claim 1 , wherein the halogen-containing chemical or chemicals include at least one chlorine-containing chemical or more chlorine-containing chemicals selected from chlorine gas claim 1 , chlorofluorides or an interhalogen compound selected from bromine monochloride or iodine monochloride claim 1 , a chlorine radial and a chlorine oxide.3. The method for processing an organic phase substance according to claim 1 , wherein the halogen-containing chemical or chemicals include at least one bromine-containing chemical or more bromine-containing chemicals selected from bromine gas claim 1 , bromine liquid claim 1 , bromine-containing interhalogen compounds claim 1 , bromine radicals and bromine oxides.4. A method for processing an organic phase substance claim 1 , comprising:allowing an organic phase substance to coexist with a water phase, wherein the organic phase substance contains at least organic components originating from one or more selected from crude oil, bitumen, tar, ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 49
05-06-2014 дата публикации

Composite system

Номер: US20140154126A1
Автор: Robert G. Lee
Принадлежит: Individual

A multiphase composite system is made by binding hard particles, such as TiC particles, of various sizes with a mixture of titanium powder and aluminum, nickel, and titanium in a master alloy or as elemental materials to produce a composite system that has advantageous energy absorbing characteristics. The multiple phases of this composite system include an aggregate phase of hard particles bound with a matrix phase. The matrix phase has at least two phases with varying amounts of aluminum, nickel, and titanium. The matrix phase forms a bond with the hard particles and has varying degrees of hard and ductile phases. The composite system may be used alone or bonded to other materials such as bodies of titanium or ceramic in the manufacture of ballistic armor tiles.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 50
18-03-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING RED MUD AND METHOD OF PROCESSING RED MUD

Номер: US20210079488A1
Автор: McNeish Gary
Принадлежит:

A method of processing red mud comprising: heating red mud to a predetermined temperature; grinding the red mud to a predetermined particle size; and physically extracting iron components from the red mud; physically extracting aluminum components from the red mud, said physically extracting of aluminum components being separate from the physically extracting of iron components, wherein the steps of physically extracting iron components and physically extracting aluminum components are performed without requiring addition of chemical additives to the red mud. 1. A method of processing red mud comprising:heating red mud to a predetermined temperature;grinding the red mud to a predetermined particle size; andphysically extracting iron components from the red mud;physically extracting aluminum components from the red mud, said physically extracting of aluminum components being separate from the physically extracting of iron components,wherein the steps of physically extracting iron components and physically extracting aluminum components are performed without requiring addition of chemical additives to the red mud.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined temperature is at least 600° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined temperature is at least 1400° C. and the heating step comprises removing caustic soda from the red mud.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating step comprises converting silicon components in the red mud to glass.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein physically extracting iron components comprises magnetic extraction of iron components from the red mud and physically extracting aluminum components comprises gravity separation of aluminum components from the red mud.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the physically extracting of iron components obtains extracted iron components and iron-separated red mud claim 1 , and wherein the physically extracting of aluminum components comprises physically extracting aluminum ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 51
05-05-2022 дата публикации

Powder Feeder System And Method For Recycling Metal Powder

Номер: US20220136769A1
Автор: Charles Matthew, Meese Paul, Mendez Daniel, Zacher Sonia
Принадлежит: MOLYWORKS MATERIALS CORPORATION

A powder feeder system for a foundry system having a mixing hearth includes a housing assembly, and a feeder assembly in the housing assembly having a moveable barrel feeder for feeding a pre-weighed charge of metal powder into the mixing hearth of the foundry system during operation thereof. A method for recycling metal powder includes the steps of melting a content of the mixing hearth completely; and then feeding the metal powder into the mixing hearth while the contents of the mixing hearth are still molten using the powder feeder system.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 52
05-04-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR PREPARING METAL POWDERS AND METAL HYDRIDE POWDERS OF THE ELEMENTS TI, ZR, HF, V, NB, TA AND CR

Номер: US20180094336A1
Автор: Bick Manfred, Sermond Bernd, Wilfing Gerhard
Принадлежит:

A method for the production of metal powders or metal hydride powders of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, and Cr is disclosed, whereby an oxide of the said elements is mixed with a reducing agent and said mixture, optionally with a hydrogen atmosphere (for the production fo metal hydrides), is heated until the reduction reaction commences, the reaction product is quenched, then washed and dried. The oxide used has an average particle size of 0.5 to 20 μm, a BET specific surface of 0.5 to 20 m/g and a minimum content of 94 wt %. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is magnesium metal.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is calcium metal.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is barium metal.5. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent has a minimum content of 99 wt % claim 1 , and/or wherein the leaching is with hydrochloric acid.6. A process as in wherein the zirconium oxide has one or more of the following properties:{'sup': '2', 'a BET specific surface area of 1 to 12 m/g;'}a mean particle size of 1 to 6 μm; and/ora minimum content of 96 wt %.7. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the zirconium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 1 to 8 m/g and/or a minimum content of 99 wt %.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the zirconium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 1.5 m/g.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the zirconium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 1.5 m/g claim 1 , a mean particle size of 4 to 6 μm claim 1 , and a minimum content of 99 wt % claim 1 , and optionally wherein the reducing agent is calcium.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the zirconium oxide has a BET specific surface area of 3 to 4 m/g claim 1 , a mean particle size of 3 to 5 μm claim 1 , and a minimum content of 99 wt % claim 1 , and optionally wherein the reducing agent is magnesium.11. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the zirconium oxide has one or more of the following ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 53
05-04-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND REFINING OF TITANIUM

Номер: US20180094357A1
Автор: COX JAMES R., DEALWIS CHANAKA L., KOHLER BENJAMIN A., LEWIS MICHAEL G.
Принадлежит: UNIVERSAL TECHNICAL RESOURCE SERVICES, INC.

A method to extract and refine metal products from metal-bearing ores, including a method to extract and refine titanium products. Titanium products can be extracted from titanium-bearing ores with TiOand impurity levels unsuitable for conventional methods. 1. A method , comprising: a titanium-bearing ore, comprising not greater than 75 wt. % titanium oxide;', 'an Al reducing agent, configured to reduce the titanium-bearing ore to a titanium product; and', {'sub': '2', 'a CaFviscosity agent;'}], '(a) heating a chemical blend to a temperature of between 1500° C.-1800° C., wherein the chemical blend consists ofwherein the ratio of the titanium-bearing ore to the reducing agent to the viscosity agent corresponds to a ratio of:3 of a titanium oxide component in the titanium-bearing ore, tofrom 4 to not greater than 7 of the Al reducing agent, to{'sub': '2', 'from 2 to not greater than 6 of the CaFviscosity agent;'}(b) initiating an extraction reaction in the chemical blend to form: (1) a titanium product, and (2) a residual slag; and{'sub': '2', '(c) separating the residual slag from the titanium product, wherein via the chemical blend ratio, the CaFviscosity agent adjusts the slag viscosity to allow for efficient separation of the titanium product from the residual slag into two layers during the reaction;'}(d) configuring the titanium product from the extraction reaction as an anode in an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell is configured with an electrolyte; 1. directing a current from the anode, through the molten electrolyte bath to the cathode;', '2. depositing a refined titanium product on the cathode; and', '3. recovering the refined titanium product from the reaction vessel, wherein the refined titanium product comprises at least 90 wt. % titanium., '(e) heating the electrolyte consisting of: halide salts of alkali metals, halide salts of alkali earth metals, or combinations thereof, to a temperature between 600° C. and 900° C. to provide a molten ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 54
03-07-2014 дата публикации

Method for manufacturing titanium ingot

Номер: US20140182807A1
Автор: Daiki Takahashi, Daisuke MATSUWAKA, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Hitoshi Ishida
Принадлежит: Kobe Steel Ltd

The present invention is a method for manufacturing a titanium ingot ( 30 ), the method being characterized by comprising: a step of melting a titanium alloy for a predetermined time by cold crucible induction melting (CCIM); a step of supplying molten titanium ( 6 ) to a cold hearth ( 10 ), and separating high density inclusions (HDIs)( 8 ) by precipitation in the cold hearth ( 10 ) while spraying a plasma jet or an electron beam onto the bath surface of the molten titanium ( 6 ); and a step of supplying a molten titanium starting material from which the HDIs ( 8 ) are separated by precipitation to a mold ( 20 ) to obtain the titanium ingot.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 55
23-04-2015 дата публикации

COATING FOR METAL CELLULAR STRUCTURE AND METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20150111022A1
Автор: Birnkrant Michael J.
Принадлежит:

A method of fabricating a metal cellular structure includes providing a sol-gel that is a colloid dispersed in a solvent, the colloid including metal-containing regions bound together by polymeric ligands, removing the solvent from the gel using supercritical drying to produce a dry gel of the metal-containing regions bound together by the polymeric ligands, and thermally converting the dry gel to a cellular structure with a coating in at least one step using phase separation of at least two insoluble elements. Also disclosed is a metal cellular structure including interconnected metal ligaments having a cellular structure and a carbon-containing coating around the metal ligaments. 1. A method of fabricating a metal cellular structure with a coating , the method comprising:providing a sol-gel that is a colloid dispersed in a solvent, the colloid including metal-containing regions bound together by polymeric ligands;removing the solvent from the gel using supercritical drying to produce a dry gel of the metal-containing regions bound together by the polymeric ligands; andthermally converting the dry gel to a cellular structure with a coating in at least one step using phase separation of at least two insoluble elements.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the metal-containing regions are metal oxide claim 1 , and the converting of the metal-containing regions includes reducing the metal oxide to metal.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the metal of the metal-containing regions is selected from the group consisting of copper claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , yittrium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , iron claim 1 , nickel and combinations thereof.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the providing of the sol includes mixing together a polymer precursor and a metal salt in the solvent.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the polymer precursor ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 56
02-06-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING TITANIUM EXTRACTION SLAG AND CARBON EXTRACTED AND DECHLORINATED TAILING

Номер: US20220170132A1
Автор: DING Wenjin, LIU Bo, Luo Liming, PENG Tongjiang, SUN Hongjuan, YOU Hao
Принадлежит:

Provided are a method for processing titanium extraction slag and a carbon extraction and dechlorination tailing. The method comprises the following steps that a titanium extraction slag raw material is ground to obtain a treated material with a particle size being 0.3˜120 μm and d≤90 μm; a first solvent and a treated material are mixed with a liquid-solid ratio of (3.5˜4.5): 1 L/kg, and a first capturing agent and a first foaming agent are added for mixing and then subjected to a primary flotation to obtain a floating product and a sinking product; and a second solvent is added into the floating product to adjust the liquid-solid ratio to (4˜5): 1 L/kg, a second capturing agent and a second foaming agent are added for mixing and then subjected to a secondary flotation to obtain a foam product; the foam product is filtered and dried to obtain a refined carbon, and the sinking product is filtered and dried to obtain the carbon extraction and dechlorination tailing, wherein the d≤90 μm means that more than 90% of the powder in the treated material has a particle size of less than 90 μm. The method has the advantages that carbon in the titanium-extracted slag can be recycled, chlorine is removed, and the carbon extraction and dechlorination tailing can be used as a building material raw material. 1. A method for processing titanium extraction slag , wherein the method comprising a carbon extraction and dechlorination process , wherein the carbon extraction and dechlorination process comprising following steps:{'sub': '90', 'grinding the titanium extraction slag raw material to obtain a treated material with a particle size of 0.3˜120 μm and d≤90 μm;'}mixing a first solvent and the treatment material with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 3.5˜4.5:1 L/ kg, additionally adding a first capturing agent and a first foaming agent to mix, and then performing a primary flotation to obtain a floating product and a sinking product;adding a second solvent to the floating product to ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 57
21-04-2016 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING A TITANIUM PRODUCT

Номер: US20160108497A1
Автор: Fang Zhigang Zak, Sun Pei, Xia Yang, ZHANG YING
Принадлежит:

A method () for producing a titanium product is disclosed. The method () can include obtaining TiO-slag () and reducing impurities in the TiO-slag () to form purified TiO(). The method () can also include reducing the purified TiOusing a metallic reducing agent () to form a hydrogenated titanium product comprising TiH(). The hydrogenated titanium product can be dehydrogenated () to form a titanium product (). The titanium product can also be optionally deoxygenated () to reduce oxygen content. 1. A method for producing a titanium product , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'obtaining TiOrich material as a purified TiO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'reducing the purified TiOusing a metallic reducing agent at a temperature and a pressure to produce a hydrogenated titanium product comprising TiHand optionally elemental titanium; and'}dehydrogenating the hydrogenated titanium product to form the titanium product.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising reducing impurities in the TiOrich material to produce the purified TiO.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the TiOrich material is a TiO-slag having a TiOcontent from 70 wt % to 90 wt %.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the TiOrich material is upgraded TiO-slag (UGS).5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the UGS has a TiOcontent greater than 90 wt %.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reducing impurities includes alkaline roasting the TiOrich material to remove impurities from the TiOrich material and produce intermediate products including alkaline leached TiOrich material.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein alkaline roasting comprises:{'sub': 2', '2, 'combining NaOH with the TiOrich material at a second temperature to transform TiOinto sodium titanate and to transform impurities into salts; and'}washing the sodium titanate with water to remove the salts and produce derivatives of sodium titanate.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second temperature is between about 450° C. and about 650° C.9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 58
18-04-2019 дата публикации

METAL OXIDE PARTICLES AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THEREOF

Номер: US20190112689A1
Автор: KHASIN Ernst
Принадлежит: PHINERGY LTD

Methods of producing high purity powders of submicron particles of metal oxides are presented. The methods comprise providing or forming an alloy of a first metal with a second metal, optionally heating the alloy, subjecting the alloy to a leaching agent to remove the second metal from the alloy and to oxidize the first metal, thus forming submicron oxide particles of the first metal. Collections of high purity, high surface area, submicron particles are presented as well. 1. Metal oxide clusters which comprise metal oxide particles at a size range between 3 nm and 200 nm , wherein the metal-oxide particles form a nano-porous structure and have a specific surface area that is larger than 70 m/g.2. The metal oxide clusters of claim 1 , wherein a metal-base purity of said metal oxide particles is larger than 99%.3. The metal oxide clusters of claim 1 , wherein the nano-porous structure has an average pore size of between 5-100 nm.4. The metal oxide clusters of claim 1 , wherein the metal(s) in said metal oxide particles is selected from the group consisting of Ti claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Hf claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , La claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , Ta claim 1 , W claim 1 , V and combinations thereof.5. The metal oxide clusters of claim 4 , wherein the metal in said metal oxide particles includes Cu and Co.6. The metal oxide clusters of claim 5 , wherein the crystalline structure of said metal oxide particles is perovskite claim 5 , spinel or spinel-like.7. The metal oxide clusters of claim 5 , wherein the specific surface area of said copper cobalt spinel particles is larger than 100 m/g.8. The metal oxide clusters of claim 4 , wherein the metal oxide particles are titanium oxide particles.9. The metal oxide clusters of claim 8 , wherein a crystalline structure of said titanium oxide is TiOor a mix of TiOwith crystalline TiO.10. The metal oxide clusters of claim 8 , wherein a specific surface area of said titanium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 59
14-05-2015 дата публикации

Phlegmatized metal or alloy powder and method and/or reaction vessel for its manufacture

Номер: US20150130121A1
Автор: Ulrich Gerhard Baudis
Принадлежит: Individual

A reaction vessel for making phlegmatized metal powder or alloy powder has a retort crucible with a heat-proof, coolable cover, a heatable reduction furnace into which the retort crucible may be inserted, and an inner crucible placed within the retort crucible and removable therefrom. At least one inlet is built into the coolable cover for adding a passivating gas. A heat-proof flange welded onto the retort crucible attaches the retort crucible to the heat-proof, coolable cover. A cooler welded onto a lower face of the heat-proof flange provides a cooling agent to the reaction vessel.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 60
23-04-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL INGOT

Номер: US20200122226A1
Автор: FUNAGANE Hitoshi, HAMAOGI Kenji
Принадлежит: NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION

[Problem] 1. A method for producing a metal ingot by using an electron-beam melting furnace having an electron gun capable of controlling a radiation position of an electron beam and a hearth that accumulates a molten metal of a metal raw material , the metal ingot containing 50% by mass or more in total of at least one metallic element selected from a group consisting of titanium , tantalum , niobium , vanadium , molybdenum and zirconium , wherein:among a plurality of side walls of the hearth that accumulates the molten metal of the metal raw material, a first side wall is a side wall provided with a lip portion for causing the molten metal in the hearth to flow out into a mold, and a second side wall is at least one of the side walls other than the first side wall;the metal raw material is supplied to a position on a supply line that is disposed along an inside face of the second side wall on a surface of the molten metal;a first electron beam is radiated along a first irradiation line, the first irradiation line being disposed along the supply line and being closer to a central part of the hearth relative to the supply line on the surface of the molten metal; and{'b': 2', '0, 'the radiation of the first electron beam along the first irradiation line increases a surface temperature (T) of the molten metal at the first irradiation line above an average surface temperature (T) of the entire surface of the molten metal in the hearth, and forms, in an outer layer of the molten metal, a first molten metal flow from the first irradiation line toward the supply line.'}2. The method for producing a metal ingot according to claim 1 , wherein a temperature gradient ΔT/L represented by Formula (A) below is −2.70 [K/mm] or more:{'br': None, 'i': T/L', 'T', 'T', 'L, 'Δ=(2−1)/\u2003\u2003(A)'}{'b': '1', 'T: surface temperature [K] of the molten metal at the supply line,'}{'b': '2', 'T: surface temperature [K] of the molten metal at the first irradiation line,'}L: distance [mm] ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 61
01-09-2022 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR PREPARING AN ELEMENTAL MATERIAL BY REDUCTION USING MONOATOMIC CARBON

Номер: US20220275476A1
Автор: SUN Xuyang
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method for preparing an elemental material by reduction using monoatomic carbon, comprising: in a melt medium at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1500° C., cracking an organic carbon source into atomic carbon and dissolving the atomic carbon in the melt medium, allowing the atomic carbon to reduce an elemental precursor compound present in the melt medium by an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate an elemental material, and obtaining the elemental material by supersaturating and crystallizing. The method of the present invention can prepare the elemental materials with high quality by self-crystallization growth at a lower temperature and at a lower cost. 1. A method for preparing an elemental material by reduction using monoatomic carbon , comprising: in a melt medium at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1500° C. , cracking an organic carbon source into atomic carbon and dissolving the atomic carbon in the melt medium , allowing the atomic carbon to reduce an elemental precursor compound present in the melt medium by an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate an elemental material , and obtaining the elemental material by supersaturating and crystallizing.2. The method for preparing an elemental material by reduction using monoatomic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the elemental material comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Ge claim 1 , V claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Bi claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Mo claim 1 , Y claim 1 , Ir claim 1 , W claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Ta claim 1 , N b claim 1 , Re claim 1 , Hf claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , B and Si.3. The method for preparing an elemental material by reduction using monoatomic carbon according to claim 2 , wherein the elemental material comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg claim 2 , Cu claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , Li claim 2 , Ge claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Co ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 62
10-06-2021 дата публикации

BYPRODUCT SCANDIUM RECOVERY FROM LOW GRADE PRIMARY METAL OXIDE ORES

Номер: US20210172041A1
Автор: Duyvesteyn Willem P.C.
Принадлежит:

A method for extracting metal values from a low grade primary metal oxide ore feedstock is provided. The method includes providing a low grade primary metal oxide ore containing a primary metal and scandium; subjecting the ore to acid leaching, thus yielding an acidic leachate; extracting the primary metal and scandium from the leachate, thereby yielding an acidic barren leachate; and using the acidic barren leachate in a subsequent iteration of the acid leaching step. 1. A method for extracting metal values from a low grade primary metal oxide ore feedstock , comprising:providing a low grade primary metal oxide ore feedstock containing a primary metal and scandium;subjecting the ore to acid leaching, thus yielding an acidic leachate;extracting the primary metal and scandium from the leachate, thereby yielding an acidic barren leachate; andusing the acidic barren leachate in a subsequent iteration of the acid leaching step.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein extracting the primary metal from the leachate includes at least one process selected from the group consisting of ion exchange and solvent extraction.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein extracting scandium from the leachate includes at least one process selected from the group consisting of ion exchange and solvent extraction.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is extracted before scandium is extracted.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein scandium is extracted before the primary metal is extracted.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is vanadium.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is titanium.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is copper.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is nickel.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal is lithium. This application claims the benefit of priority from U.S. provisional application No. 62/889,207, filed Aug. 20, 2019, having the same inventor, and the same title, and which is ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 63
24-05-2018 дата публикации

METHODS USING HIGH SURFACE AREA PER VOLUME REACTIVE PARTICULATE

Номер: US20180141128A1
Автор: Duxson Peter, Jewell Daniel
Принадлежит:

A method of processing finely divided reactive particulates (R) and forming a product comprising: providing a composite material comprising finely divided reactive particulates (R) dispersed in a protective matrix; at least partially exposing the finely divided reactive particulates (R); and forming the product. 156-. (canceled)57. A method of processing finely divided reactive particulates (R) and forming a product comprising:{'sub': 'Particulate', 'providing a composite material comprising finely divided reactive particulates (R) dispersed in a protective matrix;'}{'sub': 'Particulate', 'at least partially exposing said finely divided reactive particulates (R); and'}forming said product.58. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said finely divided reactive particulates (R) comprise a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 57 , aluminium claim 57 , vanadium claim 57 , chromium claim 57 , niobium claim 57 , molybdenum claim 57 , zirconium claim 57 , silicon claim 57 , boron claim 57 , tin claim 57 , hafnium claim 57 , yttrium claim 57 , iron claim 57 , copper claim 57 , nickel claim 57 , bismuth claim 57 , manganese claim 57 , palladium claim 57 , tungsten claim 57 , cadmium claim 57 , zinc claim 57 , silver claim 57 , cobalt claim 57 , tantalum claim 57 , scandium claim 57 , ruthenium and the rare earths or a combination of any two or more thereof.59. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said protective matrix comprises a metal halide (MX) selected from the group consisting of MgCl claim 57 , NaCl claim 57 , KCl claim 57 , LiCl claim 57 , BaCl claim 57 , CaCl claim 57 , BeCl claim 57 , AlCland any combination thereof.60. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said composite material additionally comprises at least one of (i) one or more metal compounds (MC) in one or more oxidation states claim 57 , and (ii) a reductant (R).61. A method according to claim 60 , wherein said composite material comprises up to 20 wt % of said reductant (R ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 64
04-06-2015 дата публикации

Golf Club Head Alloy and Method for Producing a Sheet Material for a Striking Plate of a Golf Club Head and for the Golf Club Head by Using the Same

Номер: US20150151171A1
Автор: Chang Chun-Fu
Принадлежит:

A golf club head alloy includes 7-9.5 wt % of aluminum, 0.5-2 wt % of vanadium, 0.05-0.4 wt % of silicon, less than 0.4 wt % of iron, less than 0.15 wt % of oxygen, less than 0.1 wt % of carbon, less than 0.05 wt % of nitrogen, with the rest being titanium. The golf club head alloy has a density of 4.32-4.35 g/cm. A method uses the golf club head alloy to produce a sheet material for a club head striking plate and for a golf club head. The method includes smelting the golf club head alloy into a titanium alloy rod, and repeatedly heating the titanium alloy rod and forging the titanium alloy rod into a flat blank. The flat blank is hot rolled to form a thin blank, wherein the flat blank has a reduction ratio of 70-75%. The thin blank is cold rolled into an alloy sheet material, and the alloy sheet material is annealed to form a sheet material for a club head striking plate and for a golf club head. 1. A golf club head alloy comprising 7-9.5 wt % of aluminum , 0.5-2 wt % of vanadium , 0.05-0.4 wt % of silicon , less than 0.4 wt % of iron , less than 0.15 wt % of oxygen , less than 0.1 wt % of carbon , less than 0.05 wt % of nitrogen , and the rest being titanium , with the golf club head alloy having a density of 4.32-4.35 g/cm.2. The golf club head alloy as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the golf club head alloy includes 7.5-8.5 wt % of aluminum claim 1 , 1.0-1.5 wt % of vanadium claim 1 , 0.15-0.25 wt % of silicon claim 1 , 0-0.4 wt % of iron claim 1 , less than 0.15 wt % of oxygen claim 1 , less than 0.1 wt % of carbon claim 1 , less than 0.05 wt % of nitrogen claim 1 , with the rest being titanium claim 1 , and wherein the density of the golf club head alloy is 4.33 g/cm.3. A method using the golf club head alloy of to produce a sheet material for a striking plate of a golf club head claim 1 , with the method comprising:smelting the golf club head alloy into a titanium alloy rod, and repeatedly heating the titanium alloy rod at 890-1200° C. and forging the titanium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 65
02-06-2016 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PREPARING TITANIUM OXIDE AND VARIOUS OTHER PRODUCTS

Номер: US20160153067A1
Автор: BOUDREAULT Richard, FOURNIER Joël, Labrecque-Gilbert Marie-Maxime, PRIMEAU Denis
Принадлежит:

There are provided processes for preparing various products from various materials. For example, such processes are effective for extracting various metals from various materials, thereby allowing for preparing products such as aluminum chloride, alumina, titanium chloride and titanium oxide. These processes can comprise leaching the starting material with HCl so as to obtain a leachate and a solid. The solid can be treated so as to substantially selectively extract titanium therefrom while the leachate can be treated so as to substantially selectively recover a first metal chloride therefrom. 1. A process for preparing various products , the process comprising:leaching a titanium-containing material comprising Ti, Si and a first metal with HCl so as to obtain a leachate comprising ions of said first metal and a solid comprising titanium, and separating the solid from the leachate;reacting the leachate with HCl so as to obtain a liquid and a precipitate comprising a chloride of the first metal, and separating the precipitate from the liquid;optionally heating the precipitate under conditions effective for converting the chloride of the first metal into an oxide of the first metal and optionally recovering HCl so-produced; andtreating said solid so as to substantially separate Si from Ti that are contained therein.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said first metal is chosen from aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , copper claim 1 , gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , lithium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , thorium claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , uranium and titanium claim 1 , and/or at least one rare earth element and/or at least one rare metal3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said first metal is chosen from aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , copper claim 1 , gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 66
11-06-2015 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PREPARING TITANIUM OXIDE AND VARIOUS OTHER PRODUCTS

Номер: US20150159239A1
Автор: BOUDREAULT Richard, FOURNIER Joël, Labrecque-Gilbert Marie-Maxime, PRIMEAU Denis
Принадлежит: ORBITE ALUMINAE INC.

There are provided processes for preparing various products from various materials. For example, such processes are effective for extracting titanium and various other metals from various materials, thereby allowing for preparing products such as titanium chloride and titanium oxide. These processes can comprise leaching the starting material with HCl so as to obtain a leachate and a solid. The solid can be treated so as to substantially selectively extract titanium therefrom while the leachate can be treated so as to substantially selectively recover a first metal chloride therefrom. 1251-. (canceled)252. A process for preparing various products , said process comprising:leaching an aluminum-containing material with HCl so as to obtain a leachate comprising Al, Fe and Mg ions and a solid comprising Si, and separating said solid from said leachate, thereby recovering Si;{'sub': '3', 'recovering said Al from said leachate by recovering Al in the form of precipitated AlCl, by controlling the temperature of said leachate and/or concentration of HCl, by using a precipitating agent, or by using an ion exchange resin;'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'recovering said Fe from said leachate by recovering Fe in the form of precipitated FeO, by controlling the temperature of said leachate and/or concentration of HCl, by carrying out an hydrolysis, by using a precipitating agent, or by using an ion exchange resin; and'}{'sub': '2', 'recovering said Mg from said leachate by recovering Mg in the form of precipitated MgCl, by controlling the temperature of said leachate and/or concentration of HCl, by using a precipitating agent, or by using an ion exchange resin.'}253. The process of claim 252 , wherein said aluminum-containing material is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight %.254. The process of claim 252 , wherein said aluminum-containing material is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight % at a temperature of about 125 to ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 67
28-08-2014 дата публикации

TREATMENT OF CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20140238195A1
Автор: Du Plessis Wilhelmina, Havenga Johan Louis, Le Roux Johannes Petrus, Nel Johannes Theodorus, Retief Willem Liebenberg
Принадлежит: The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation Limited

A process for treating a zirconium containing feedstock includes fluorinating a feedstock comprising dissociated zircon (‘DZ’) to obtain a zirconium fluorine compound and a silicon fluorine compound. The zirconium fluorine compound is separated from the silicon fluorine compound is provided. Optionally, the zirconium fluorine compound is reacted with a non-fluorine halogen, an alkali metal non-fluorine halide or an alkaline-earth metal non-fluorine halide, thereby to obtain a zirconium non-fluorine halide. The zirconium fluorine compound or, when present, the zirconium non-fluorine halide is subjected to plasma reduction, in a plasma reduction stage, in the presence of a reductant, to obtain metallic zirconium. 1. A process for treating a zirconium containing feedstock , which includesfluorinating a feedstock comprising dissociated zircon (‘DZ’) to obtain a zirconium fluorine compound and a silicon fluorine compound;separating the zirconium fluorine compound from the silicon fluorine compound;reacting the zirconium fluorine compound with a non-fluorine halogen, an alkali metal non-fluorine halide or an alkaline-earth metal non-fluorine halide, thereby to obtain a zirconium non-fluorine halide; andsubjecting the zirconium non-fluorine halide to plasma reduction, in a plasma reduction stage, in the presence of a reductant, by introducing a feedstock comprising the zirconium non-fluorine halide into a tail flame of a plasma reactor, to obtain metallic zirconium in powdered form.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is plasma dissociated zircon (‘PDZ’) predominantly comprising ZrO.SiO.3. A process according to claim 2 , wherein the fluorination of the feedstock comprises reacting the PDZ with an ammonium acid fluoride having the formula NHF.xHF where 1 Подробнее

Номер записи: 68
25-06-2015 дата публикации

PRODUCTION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE PIGMENTS

Номер: US20150176103A1
Автор: FANG PENG, Fang Zhigang Zak, Middlemas Scott
Принадлежит:

A process includes roasting a TiO-containing material in the presence of an alkaline material to form a roasted product; leaching the roasted product with an acidic solution to form a leach liquor; extracting the leach liquor with an extractant to form a raffinate including a Ti species; hydrolyzing the Ti species to form a hydrolyzed material that includes HTiO; calcining the hydrolyzed material; and recovering a TiOproduct. 1. A process comprising:{'sub': '2', 'roasting a TiO-containing material in the presence of an alkaline material to form a roasted product;'}leaching the roasted product with an acidic solution to form a leach liquor;{'sup': '4+', 'extracting the leach liquor with an extractant to form a raffinate comprising Ti,'}{'sup': '4+', 'sub': 2', '3, 'hydrolyzing the Ti to form a hydrolyzed material comprising HTiO;'}calcining the hydrolyzed material; and{'sub': '2', 'recovering a TiOproduct.'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the extractant comprises an alkyl phosphoric acid claim 1 , an alkyl phosphonic acid claim 1 , an alkyl phosphinic acid claim 1 , a thioalkyl phosphinic acid claim 1 , a phosphate claim 1 , a phosphine oxide claim 1 , a primary amine claim 1 , a second amine claim 1 , a tertiary amine claim 1 , a quaternary ammonium salt claim 1 , or an ion exchange resin.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the extractant comprises di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid; 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric ester; di-2 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-trimethylpentyl phosphinic acid; di-2 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-trimethylpentyl monothiophosphinic acid; di-2 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-trimethylpentyl dithiophosphinic acid; a phosphate of formula (O)P(OR); a phosphine oxide of formula (O)PRor (O)PRR; trioctyl amine; or trioctyl methyl ammonium chloride; quarternary amine; wherein R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare individually C4-C10 alkyl.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the extractant comprises a tertiary amine which is a trialkylamine ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 69
23-06-2016 дата публикации

REFINING DEVICE AND REFINING METHOD FOR TITANIUM SCRAPS AND SPONGE TITANIUM USING DEOXIDISING GAS

Номер: US20160177418A1
Автор: Kim Gang June, LEE Jae Yoon, Moon Byung Moon
Принадлежит: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology

Provided are a method and apparatus for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium, which can remove oxygen from a melt by supplying a deoxidizing gas to the surface of the melt in order to refine titanium scraps and sponge titanium. The method for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium comprises supplying hydrogen ions and electrons in plasma to a titanium melt to remove oxygen from the titanium melt surface having an oxide layer formed thereon. In addition, the apparatus comprises: a vacuum chamber; a crucible located in the vacuum chamber and configured to perform melting by the magnetic field of an induction coil in a state in which a melt and the inner wall of the crucible; a calcium gas supply means configured to supply calcium gas from the bottom of the crucible to the space between the inner wall of the crucible and the melt. 1. A method for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium , comprising a step of removing oxygen from a titanium melt by supplying plasma gas from a top of a crucible to a surface of the melt.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasma gas comprises argon and hydrogen.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the argon and the hydrogen are supplied at a volume ratio ranging from 1:0.03 to 1:0.5.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing oxygen comprises the steps of:diffusing the plasma gas to the surface of the melt;adsorbing the diffused plasma gas to the surface of the melt; andallowing hydrogen ions and electrons in the plasma gas to react with oxygen atoms of the melt on the surface of the melt.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein an atmospheric oxygen molecule is adsorbed to the surface of the melt to form a titanium oxide layer claim 1 , and the step of removing oxygen comprises the steps of:diffusing the plasma gas to the surface of the melt;allowing hydrogen ions and electrons, released from the plasma gas, to react with oxygen atoms of the melt on the titanium oxide layer; andallowing an excess of hydrogen ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 70
22-06-2017 дата публикации

Extraction of products from titanium-bearing minerals

Номер: US20170174525A1
Автор: David Jonathan Hassell, James Kevin Obern, Mohammed Shereez ALI, Sean Daniel James MOLLOY, Sherif Owen Zaki Emad Marshall IBRAHIM
Принадлежит: Avertana Ltd

The invention relates to a process for extracting metals and salts from titanium-bearing minerals such as perovskite. More particularly, although not exclusively, the invention relates to extracting titanium dioxide and optionally other compounds from melter slag derived from an iron-making process.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 71
28-05-2020 дата публикации

Method of producing titanium and titanium alloy nanopowder from titanium-containing slag through shortened process

Номер: US20200165703A1
Автор: Kai Huang, Na Wang
Принадлежит: Individual

Disclosed is a method of producing titanium and titanium alloy nanopowder from titanium-containing slag through a shortened process. The method includes: (1) subjecting titanium-containing slag to high-temperature oxidation and enrichment and then melting to precipitate titanium-enriched slag; (2) subjecting the titanium-enriched slag to pulverization and gravity flotation; (3) carrying out secondary enrichment; (4) preparing a molten salt reaction system; (5) synthesizing titanium and salt-containing titanium alloy nanopowder by reduction reaction; and (6) vacuum filtering, pickling, washing and vacuum drying the salt-containing titanium alloy nanopowder; and then separating titanium alloy nanopowder from the molten salt. Using the present method, the titanium-containing slag can be continuously treated to produce titanium and titanium alloy nanopowder. It requires a shortened process, a simple equipment and low energy consumption. The process is environmentally friendly and produces excellent products without solids, gas or liquids that are harmful to environment.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 72
04-06-2020 дата публикации

COLD CRUCIBLE STRUCTURE

Номер: US20200173723A1
Автор: Jung Hyun Do, Lee Hyun Jae, Moon Byung Moon
Принадлежит: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology

A cold crucible structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cold crucible structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cold crucible unit including hollow top and bottom caps, a plurality of segments connecting the top cap and the bottom cap, slits disposed between the segments, and a reaction area surrounded by the segments; and an induction coil unit disposed to cover the outer side of the cold crucible unit and disposed across the longitudinal directions of the segments and the slits, in which the diameter of the reaction area is defined as a crucible diameter, the crucible diameter is 100 to 300 mm, and gaps of the slits are defined by 4. The cold crucible structure of claim 1 , wherein the induction coil unit is disposed at the central area in the longitudinal direction of the segments.5. The cold crucible structure of claim 1 , wherein the cold crucible includes cooling channels disposed in the segments claim 1 , andthe diameter of the cooling channels is set in the range of 8 to 15 mm.6. The cold crucible structure of claim 5 , further comprising:a support connected to the bottom cap; andcooling tubes for supplying cooling water for cooling the segments through the support,wherein the cooling tubes are connected to the cooling channels.7. The cold crucible structure of claim 5 , wherein the cooling channels each have an inlet channel for supplying cooling water and an outlet channel for discharging cooling water.8. The cold crucible structure of claim 1 , wherein the shortest spacing distance between ends of the slits and the induction coils and the shortest spacing distance between the other ends of the slits and the induction coil unit are the same. The present invention relates to a cold crucible structure, and more particularly, to a cold crucible structure that has mechanical, structural, and thermal stability and increases melting efficiency.High-melting point active metal such as titanium is ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 73
18-09-2014 дата публикации

Method of recovering inorganic pigment

Номер: US20140275348A1
Автор: David Asay, Gregory J. McCollum, Jane Valenta, John Donnelly, Kristi Kauffman, Linda Anderson, Michael A. Mayo, Michael J. Pawlik, Michael Zalich, Roxalana L. Martin, Ruby Chakraborty, Stuart D. Hellring
Принадлежит: PPG Industries Ohio Inc

Disclosed is a method of recovering inorganic pigment such as TiO 2 from a coating composition that includes liquid, an organic component, and an inorganic component. The coating composition is thermally treated to remove at least a portion of the organic component and yield an inorganic pigment composition having a higher concentration of the inorganic pigment (TiO 2 ) than in the original coating composition.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 74
07-07-2016 дата публикации

PRODUCING A TITANIUM PRODUCT

Номер: US20160194733A1
Автор: Fan Peng, Fang Zhigang Zak, Free Micheal, Guo Jun, Middlemas Scott, Sathyapalan Amarchand, Xia Yang, ZHANG YING
Принадлежит:

A method () for producing a titanium product is disclosed. The method () can include obtaining TiO-slag (), and producing a titanium product from the TiO-slag using a metallic reducing agent () at a moderate temperature and a pressure to directly produce a titanium product chemically separated from metal impurities in the TiOslag (). The titanium product can comprise TiHand optionally elemental titanium. Impurities in the titanium product can then removed () by leaching, purifying and separation to form a purified titanium product. 1. A method for producing a titanium product , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'obtaining TiO-slag;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'producing the titanium product from the TiO-slag using a metallic reducing agent at a moderate temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure to directly produce the titanium product chemically separated from metal impurities in the TiO-slag, wherein the titanium product comprises TiHand optionally elemental titanium; and'}removing the metal impurities from the titanium product to form a purified titanium product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of producing the titanium product includes reducing the TiO-slag directly with the metallic reducing agent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of producing includes pre-treating the TiO-slag to produce intermediate products including at least one of water-washed derivatives of sodium titanate claim 1 , metatitanic acid claim 1 , and substantially pure titanium dioxide and then reducing the intermediate products using the metallic reducing agent.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising deoxygenating the titanium product at a higher temperature above the moderate temperature and under hydrogen atmosphere using a second reducing agent which is stronger than the metallic reducing agent to produce a particulate titanium product claim 3 , coarsening the particulate titanium product to a target particle size range claim 3 , and cooling the particulate titanium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 75
05-07-2018 дата публикации

CONNECTION PIPE, TITANIUM SPONGE PRODUCING APPARATUS COMPRISING THE CONNECTION PIPE, TITANIUM SPONGE PRODUCING METHOD USING THE APPARATUS, AND TITANIUM SPONGE PRODUCED BY THE METHOD

Номер: US20180187815A1
Автор: Yoshida Minoru
Принадлежит: TOHO TITANIUM CO., LTD.

A connection pipe for coupling at least one reaction vessel used in producing titanium sponge with at least one recovering vessel for condensing and recovering magnesium and magnesium chloride separated from the titanium sponge in the reaction vessel; wherein the connection pipe is configured as a dual wall structure constituted of an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and comprises at least one heating unit provided between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, two or more sets of lead terminals located through the outer pipe to provide electrical connection to a power terminal in the outside of the connection pipe, insulators for sealing the lead terminals, lead wires for electrically coupling the heating unit with the lead terminals, and a stress absorbed portion provided on the outer pipe; wherein the stress absorbed portion is provided between the lead terminals thereby preventing short circuit and meltdown of the lead wires. 1. A connection pipe for coupling at least one reaction vessel used in producing titanium sponge with at least one recovering vessel for condensing and recovering magnesium and magnesium chloride separated from the titanium sponge in the reaction vessel;wherein the connection pipe is configured as a dual wall structure constituted of an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and comprises at least one heating unit provided between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, two or more sets of lead terminals located through the outer pipe to provide an electrical connection to power terminal in the outside of the connection pipe, insulators for sealing the lead terminals, lead wires for electrically coupling the heater unit with the lead terminals, and a stress absorbed portion provided on the outer pipe;wherein the stress absorbed portion is provided between the lead terminals.2. The connection pipe according to claim 1 , wherein two or more heating units are provided between the inner pipe and the outer pipe.3. The connection pipe according to claim 1 , wherein a ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 76
06-07-2017 дата публикации

EXTRACTION OF PRODUCTS FROM TITANIUM-BEARING MINERALS

Номер: US20170190592A1
Автор: Ali Mohammed Shereez, Hassell David Jonathan, Ibrahim Sherif Owen Zaki Emad Marshall, Molloy Sean Daniel James, Obern James Kevin
Принадлежит: Avertana Limited

The invention relates to a process for extracting metals and salts from titanium-bearing minerals such as perovskite. More particularly, although not exclusively, the invention relates to extracting titanium dioxide and optionally other compounds from melter slag derived from an iron-making process. 2. The method of wherein the retentate comprising insoluble residue comprises at least one product selected from calcium sulphate and silica.3. The method of wherein the precipitation of aluminium sulphate comprises the steps of:a. cooling the permeate from step d. or step g. to produce a cooled liquor comprising precipitated aluminium sulphate; andb. filtering the cooled liquor to produce a retentate comprising precipitated aluminium sulphate, and a permeate.4. The method of wherein the particulate material comprises greater than 8 m % titanium dioxide and greater than 10 m % aluminium oxide.5. The method of wherein the particulate material comprises greater than 15 m % titanium dioxide and greater than 10 m % aluminium oxide.6. The method of wherein the particulate material comprises a ratio of titanium dioxide to aluminium oxide (TiO:AlO) of approximately 0.2 to 2.6.7. The method of wherein the step of precipitating aluminium sulphate comprises cooling the permeate to between 10° C. and 4° C.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of precipitating magnesium sulphate from either:a. the permeate produced from the hydrolysis liquor; orb. the permeate produced following aluminium sulphate precipitation.9. The method of wherein the particulate material is selected from the group consisting of iron slag claim 1 , melter slag claim 1 , obtained from iron slag claim 1 , obtained from melter slag claim 1 , obtained from an iron manufacturing process claim 1 , and obtained from a steel manufacturing process.10. The method of wherein the method further comprises the step of grinding raw material to form the particulate material of step a.11. The method of wherein ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 77
23-07-2015 дата публикации

Methods for Recovering Magnetite from Bauxite Residue

Номер: US20150203362A1
Автор: Mohsen Amiran
Принадлежит: INTEGRATED METALLIC RECOVERY Inc

The presently disclosed methods utilize both physical and chemical processes by which the Fe 2 O 3 (iron oxide) contained in undissolved bauxite residue (Red Mud) may be reduced to form Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) and/or elemental iron that is then separated from the treated residue for reuse and/or sale. The disclosed methods, when properly executed, are generally capable of extracting 80 to 90% of the iron (Fe) from the Red Mud as magnetite and/or iron. The magnetite, in particular, can then be used in industrial manufacturing applications including, for example, high-temperature composite materials, coatings, acrylic and oil-based paints, plastics and other polymer resins, as well as being used for coloring various types of metallic surfaces and is, therefore, the generally preferred product.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 78
12-07-2018 дата публикации

MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYZER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL MAGNESIUM USING THE SAME AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TITANIUM SPONGE

Номер: US20180195151A1
Автор: Horikawa Matsuhide, Suzuki Daisuke
Принадлежит: TOHO TITANIUM CO., LTD.

A molten salt electrolyzer having a metal collection chamber, an electrolysis chamber, and two or more electrolytic cell units positioned in the electrolysis chamber. Each electrolytic cell unit has a cathode having an inner space in a prism form; at least one bipolar electrode in a rectangular cylinder form and disposed in the cathode inner space; and an anode in a prism form and disposed in an inner space of the bipolar electrode. At least part of individual planes forming an outer side of the bipolar electrode closest to the cathode faces a plane forming the prism-form inner space of the cathode. At least part of individual planes forming the inner side of the bipolar electrode closest to the anode faces a plane forming the prism of the anode. At least one plane of the cathode constitutes one plane of a cathode of another electrolytic cell unit. 1. A molten salt electrolyzer having a metal collection chamber and an electrolysis chamber , the molten salt electrolyzer having two or more electrolytic cell units in the electrolysis chamber ,wherein each electrolytic cell unit has a cathode having a space in a prism form, an anode in a prism form, and at least one bipolar electrode in a rectangular cylinder form,wherein the bipolar electrode is disposed in the inner space of the cathode, and the anode being disposed in the inner space of the bipolar electrode,wherein at least part of the individual planes forming the outer side of the rectangular cylinder of the bipolar electrode closest to the cathode faces the plane forming the prism-form space of the cathode,wherein at least part of the individual planes forming the inner side of the rectangular cylinder of the bipolar electrode closest to the anode faces the plane forming the prism of the anode, andwherein at least one plane of the cathode constitutes one plane of the cathode of another electrolytic cell unit.2. The molten salt electrolyzer according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the distance between the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 79
29-07-2021 дата публикации

USE OF PRE-OXIDIZED ILMENITE IN FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS

Номер: US20210230714A1
Автор: Andersson Bengt-Ake, Lind Fredrik, Thunman Henrik
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for starting up a fluidized bed boiler, such as a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) or a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) boiler, for operation with a predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in the bed material. The invention also relates to a method for pre-oxidizing ilmenite, to pre-oxidized ilmenite and to the use of pre-oxidized ilmenite in a fluidized bed boiler. 1. A method comprising providing a predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in a bed material in a fluidized bed boiler , and starting up the boiler for operation , characterized in that the predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in the bed material comprises pre-oxidized ilmenite particles.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:providing pre-oxidized ilmenite particles to the boiler; and/orproviding fresh ilmenite particles to the boiler and pre-oxidizing said fresh ilmenite particles in the boiler.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps ofa) providing bed material to the boiler;b) preheating the bed material;c) monitoring temperature in the bed;d) after the temperature in the bed has reached a predetermined fuel feeding temperature, batch-feeding fuel until ignition is achieved;e) after ignition is achieved, starting continuous feeding of fuel and increasing the fuel feeding rate until a predetermined operating temperature in the bed is reached.4. The method of claim 3 , characterized by one or more of the following features:the bed material provided in step a) comprises an inert bed material, preferably silica sand;the predetermined fuel feeding temperature in the bed is between 500° C. and 900° C., preferably between 500° C. and 600° C., preferably between 530° C. and 580° C., more preferably around 550° C.;the predetermined operating temperature in the bed is between 750° C. and 950° C., preferably be-tween 800° C. and 900° C.; more preferably between 850° C. and 900° C.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein:the pre-oxidized ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 80
29-07-2021 дата публикации

METAL TITANIUM PRODUCTION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20210230715A1
Автор: DODO Yasushi, Hashimoto Takuya, Kishimoto Akihiro, KUMAMOTO Kazuhiro, KUNITOMO Yoshinobu, Sato Akihiro, UDA Tetsuya, YOSHIMURA Akihiko
Принадлежит:

A metal titanium production apparatus includes: a reductor that subjects titanium tetrachloride to a reduction process in presence of bismuth and magnesium to obtain a liquid alloy containing titanium and the bismuth; a segregator that subjects the liquid alloy to a segregation process to obtain a precipitate; and a distillator that subjects the precipitate to a distillation process to obtain metal titanium, and the distillator sets an atmosphere so as to preferentially vaporize the bismuth attached to the precipitate and then sets the atmosphere so as to vaporize the bismuth forming the precipitate. 1. A metal titanium production apparatus , comprising:a reductor that subjects titanium tetrachloride to a reduction process in presence of bismuth and magnesium to obtain a liquid alloy containing titanium and the bismuth;a segregator that subjects the liquid alloy to a segregation process to obtain a precipitate; anda distillator that subjects the precipitate to a distillation process to obtain metal titanium, whereinthe distillator sets an atmosphere so as to preferentially vaporize the bismuth attached to the precipitate and then sets the atmosphere so as to vaporize the bismuth forming the precipitate.3. The metal titanium production apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe distillator sets the atmosphere for preferentially vaporizing the bismuth attached to the precipitate such that the precipitate becomes 800° C. or a temperature in its vicinity.4. The metal titanium production apparatus according to claim 3 , whereinthe distillator sets the atmosphere for vaporizing the bismuth forming the precipitate such that the precipitate becomes 1000° C. or a temperature in its vicinity.5. The metal titanium production apparatus according to claim 3 , whereinthe distillator sets the atmosphere for vaporizing the bismuth forming the precipitate such that the precipitate becomes 1100° C. or a temperature in its vicinity.6. The metal titanium production apparatus according ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 81
19-07-2018 дата публикации

Method for producing titanium or titanium aluminum alloys through two-stage aluminothermic reduction and obtaining titanium-free cryolite as byproducts

Номер: US20180202024A1
Автор: Jianping PENG, Kun Zhao, Naixiang Feng, Yaowu Wang, Yuezhong DI
Принадлежит: Northeastern University China, Shenyang Beiye Metallurgical Technology Co Ltd

A method for preparing titanium or titanium aluminum alloys through two-stage aluminothermic reduction and obtaining titanium-free cryolite as byproducts. The method has the following steps: (1) using sodium fluoride and sodium fluotitanate as raw materials, or using sodium fluotitanate as raw materials, and using titanium aluminum alloy powder as a reducing agent; (2) mixing and pressing into pellets, and carrying out first-stage aluminothermic reduction and vacuum distillation; (3) finely grinding after taking out titanium-containing cryolite, mixing with the reducing agent and briquetting, and carrying out second-stage aluminothermic reduction; and (4) separating low-titanium titanium aluminum alloys from high-titanium titanium aluminum alloys, making the low-titanium titanium aluminum alloys and the high-titanium titanium aluminum alloys into powder and returning to the two-stage aluminothermic reduction as the reducing agent; or after the alloys are molten, making the alloys into powder for the two-stage aluminothermic reduction.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 82
26-07-2018 дата публикации

RECOVERY OF RARE EARTHS FROM CONCENTRATES CONTAINING FLUORINE

Номер: US20180209015A1
Автор: Baughman David R., Hazen Wayne W., Sun Kang
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to the recovery of rare earths, scandium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, titanium, and the like from ores or concentrates containing fluorine. More specifically, the ores or concentrates are pretreated by carbochlorination to convert the rare earths and other metals into their chlorides and then subjected to dilute hydrochloric acid leaching to recover the valuable rare earths and other metals from the leachate. Niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium, and titanium can be recovered as their chlorides or oxychlorides from the gaseous products of carbochlorination, or converted into their oxides while simultaneously regenerating chlorine. 1. A method of recovering a mineral from a fluorine-containing ore or concentrate , the method comprising:treating the fluorine-containing ore or concentrate by carbochlorination in the presence of a carbon-containing material and a fluorine capturing agent to form a mineral chloride and a treated ore or concentrate, wherein a partial pressure or activity of the fluorine capturing agent substantially prevents formation of rare earth fluorides throughout the treating step;contacting the treated ore or concentrate with a dilute HCl leach solution to solubilize the mineral chloride in the leach solution; andrecovering the mineral,wherein the mineral is selected from the group consisting of a rare earth mineral, a scandium mineral, a niobium mineral, a tantalum mineral, a zirconium mineral, a hafnium mineral, a titanium mineral, and combinations thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorine capturing agent comprises at least one of magnesium chloride claim 1 , silicon tetrachloride claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the fluorine capturing agent comprises at leason one of (i) silicon tetrachloride formed in situ during the treating step by carbochlorination of silicon dioxide or silicates claim 2 , and (ii) magnesium chloride formed in situ during the treatin ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 83
04-07-2019 дата публикации

USE OF PRE-OXIDIZED ILMENITE IN FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS

Номер: US20190203320A1
Автор: Andersson Bengt-Ake, Lind Fredrik, Thunman Henrik
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for starting up a fluidized bed boiler, such as a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) or a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) boiler, for operation with a predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in the bed material. The invention also relates to a method for pre-oxidizing ilmenite, to pre-oxidized ilmenite and to the use of pre-oxidized ilmenite in a fluidized bed boiler. 1. A method for starting up a fluidized bed boiler for operation with a predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in the bed material , characterized in that pre-oxidized ilmenite particles are used for reaching the predetermined concentration of ilmenite particles in the bed material.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': [{'@idref': 'CLM-00009', 'claims 9'}, {'@idref': 'CLM-00013', '13'}], 'providing pre-oxidized ilmenite particles to the boiler, wherein said pre-oxidized ilmenite particles have preferably been pre-oxidized using the method of any one of to ; and/or'}comprising providing fresh ilmenite particles to the boiler and pre-oxidizing said fresh ilmenite particles in the boiler.3. The method of or claim 1 , further comprising the steps ofa) providing bed material to the boiler;b) preheating the bed material;c) monitoring the temperature in the bed;d) after the temperature in the bed has reached a predetermined fuel feeding temperature, batch-feeding fuel until ignition is achieved;e) after ignition is achieved, starting continuous feeding of fuel and increasing the fuel feeding rate until the predetermined operating temperature in the bed is reached.4. The method of claim 3 , characterized by one or more of the following features:the bed material provided in step a) comprises an inert bed material, preferably silica sand;the predetermined fuel feeding temperature in the bed is between 500° C. and 900° C., preferably between 500° C. and 600° C., preferably between 530° C. and 580° C., more preferably around 550° C.;the predetermined ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 84
16-10-2014 дата публикации

Production of titanium compounds and metal by sustainable Methods

Номер: US20140308197A1
Автор: Davis Brian R., Neelameggham Ramaswami
Принадлежит:

A unique production of titanium compounds and metal by sustainable methods using iron-titanium oxide starting material such as ilmenite, leucoxene, or rutile is described. Here the iron-titanium oxide compound is prepared by converting the iron portion of the compound to ferrous chloride at low temperatures by using close to stoichiometric amounts of sulfur and chlorine required for all the iron oxides and the other non-titanium oxides. The ferrous chloride thus formed is removed recovering a marketable product of ferrous chloride and the ‘sustainable’ titanium oxide starting material by additional process steps. This can be converted to ‘sustainable’ titanium metal, or titanium tetra-chloride by process shown herein for further conversions to titanium dioxide pigment by present chloride process or supplied to existing titanium sponge producers, benefitting them in having a ‘sustainable process’. 1. A sequential process for the production of titanium compound and metal by sustainable methods , the said process is carried out utilizing iron oxide containing ores of titanium such as ilmenite , leucoxene , hard rock ilmenite , rutile as well as man-made intermediate compounds such as synthetic rutile along with the use of sulfur and chlorine in a controlled fashion of step-wise addition of the reagent and control of temperatures.21. The said process per claim 1 , starts with the use of stage 1 reactor carrying out controlled chlorination of iron in the mixed oxide to ferrous chloride solids along with unreacted titanium solids claim 1 , and conversion of the said ferrous chloride to marketable ferrous chloride solution in water of suitable concentration claim 1 , and making a high grade synthetic rutile with 97-99% TiOwhich can be either marketed or taken to a next step. The controlled chlorination in stage reactor is carried out by adding stoichiometric amount of sulfur and chlorine needed for conversion of iron to ferrous chloride solids at a temperature of 70 to 250 ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 85
03-08-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONVERTING AND SEPARATING VANADIUM, TITANIUM, AND IRON FROM VANADIUM-TITANIUM-IRON CONCENTRATE IN ONE STEP

Номер: US20170218479A1
Автор: CHEN Desheng, LIU Yahui, QI Tao, WANG Lina, Wang Weijing, Yi Lingyun, Yu Hongdong, ZHAO Hongxin
Принадлежит: INSTITUTE OF PROCESS ENGINEERING, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

The present invention relates to a method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step, which includes the steps as below. () The vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate is mixed and roasted together with addition agent and reducing, agent, and thereby vanadium-containing pig iron and vanadium enriched slag are obtained. () The vanadium titanium enriched slag is leached in water and filtered, and thereby vanadium-containing solution and titanium slag are obtained. The technical features of the present invention are as below. By the new process of sodium reduction coupling, a new system of low-temperature smelting multiphase reaction separation is constructed. The reduction of iron, sodiumizing of vanadium, and the melting separation process of the vanadium titanium enriched slag and the iron are achieved in one step. Three products, i.e., the vanadium-containing pig iron, the vanadium-containing solution, and the titanium slag are produced. 1. A method for converting and separating vanadium , titanium , and iron from vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step , comprising:step 1, Mixing vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate with an addition agent and a reducing agent, conducting roasting for 0.5-4 hours at a temperature of 1100-1400° C., so that vanadium-containing pin iron and vanadium titanium enriched slag are obtained, wherein a ratio by weight is vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate: addition agent: reducing, agent=100: (40-80); (20-50);step 2, Leaching the vanadium titanium enriched slag obtained in the step 1 in water, conducting filtering, such that a vanadium-containing solution and a titanium slag are obtained.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the major compositions of the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in the step 1 includes iron with a total mass fraction of 30%-60% claim 1 , VOwith a mass fraction of 0.15% -2.0% claim 1 , and TiO2 with a mass fraction of 5%-35%.3. The method of claim 1 ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 86
12-08-2021 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR CHLORINATING TITANIUM-CONTAINING MATERIAL IN A SOLUTION OF CHLORIDE SALTS

Номер: US20210245131A1
Автор: CHUVASHOV Vyacheslav Yurievich, SARSEMBEKOV Turar Kusmanovich
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts. The technical effect of the invention is an increase in the service life of the device and a reduction in raw material losses. This technical effect is achieved by means of the proposed device for chlorinating titanium-containing material in a solution of chloride salts, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical chamber for a gas-vapour mixture, a lined chlorinating chamber in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle of 15-25° to the axis of the chamber, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chlorine feed lines, and a feedstock charging assembly, wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorinating chamber and of an upper drainage pocket. 1. A device for chlorinating a titanium-containing raw material in a chloride-salt melt, comprising a housing, a lined upper cylindrical gas-vapor mixture chamber, a lined chlorination chamber configured as an inverted truncated cone having a generatrix inclined at an angle of 15°-25° to a chamber axis, graphite electrodes, a hearth, tuyeres, chloride feed lines, and a charge loading assembly arranged directly on the chlorination chamber, wherein a ratio between a diameter of the hearth, a diameter of the gas-vapor mixture chamber and a height of the chlorination chamber is 1:(1.2-1.5):(3.5-4.5), and wherein the housing is provided with reinforcing ribs in the region of the chlorination chamber and of an upper drainage pocket, the upper drainage pocket is lined with a graphite plate, and the tuyeres are provided with a compressed air feeding assembly comprising hoses with a metal double tube. The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy and concerns a device for chlorinating a titanium-containing raw material in a chloride-salt melt.RU 2165567 discloses a device for chlorinating a titanium- ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 87
09-08-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING TITANIUM FROM TITANIUM OXIDES THOUROUGH MAGNESIUM VAPOUR REDUCTION

Номер: US20180223393A1
Автор: ABAYAWEERA GAYANI, Amaratunga Gehan, Ekanayake Ruwini, Fernando Niranjala, Karunaratne Veranja, Kottegoda Nilwala
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material, such as a mineral comprising titanium. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapor to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods. 1. A method of producing titanium metal from a titanium comprising mineral , the method comprising:acid leaching the titanium comprising mineral;providing at least a portion of the acid-leached titanium comprising mineral in a reaction vessel;providing a composition comprising an Mg source in the reaction vessel;heating the reaction vessel to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. until a vapor of Mg is produced for at least 30 minutes to form a reaction product; andwashing said reaction product with one or more washing media to form a washed titanium reaction product.2. The method of further comprising wet nano-grinding the titanium comprising mineral prior to acid leaching the titanium comprising mineral.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrothermal treatment comprises heating the mixture within a hydrothermal treatment vessel to a temperature between 250° C. and 500° C. for at least 2 hours to cause formation of a crystalline titanium compound.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the hydrothermal treatment comprises heating the mixture within the hydrothermal treatment vessel to a temperature of approximately 300° C. for approximately four hours.5. The method of wherein the composition comprising the Mg source comprises Mg powder.6. The method of wherein the Mg powder comprises Mg nanopowder.7. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. for about 2 hours to form a reaction product.8. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of about 900° C. for about 2 hours to form a reaction ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 88
17-08-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF REFINING OF SCANDIUM OXIDE FROM CONCENTRATES USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION

Номер: US20170233849A1
Автор: HARTLEY Christopher Jeffrey, LIAO Lunzhi, McAllister Justin, Sarmiento Andrew
Принадлежит:

A method of selectively removing impurities from a scandium-containing feed solution includes contacting an aqueous scandium-containing solution with an organic solvent stream containing an extractant, thereby forming a loaded organic solvent stream containing the impurity or impurities while leaving the scandium in the raffinate. The aqueous stream containing the scandium is washed, diluted and has inorganic salts added before being contacted with a second organic solvent stream to extract the scandium selectively, and followed by stripping the scandium from the scandium-containing loaded organic extractant stream by adding oxalic acid to the loaded organic extractant stream to form scandium oxalate. 1. A method of selectively removing scandium from a scandium-containing feed solution , comprising:contacting an aqueous scandium-containing solution with a second organic solvent stream comprising a second extractant, thereby forming a scandium-containing loaded organic solvent stream having at least a portion of the scandium from the scandium-containing solution; andstripping the scandium from the scandium-containing loaded organic extractant stream by adding oxalic acid to the loaded organic extractant stream to form scandium oxalate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second extractant comprises an organophosphorus compound.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aqueous scandium-containing solution further comprises MgSO.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second organic solvent stream further comprises a modifier and a diluent.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising calcining the scandium oxalate to form ScO.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising scrubbing the loaded organic extractant stream after stripping the scandium to remove titanium from the loaded organic scandium-containing extract.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selectively removing zirconium from the aqueous scandium-containing solution by contacting the aqueous scandium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 89
10-09-2015 дата публикации

Production of high-grade synthetic rutile from low-grade titanium-bearing ores

Номер: US20150252448A1
Автор: Fouad F. KAMALEDDINE
Принадлежит: Fouad F. KAMALEDDINE

The present invention relates to a two-stage leaching process using concentrated hydrochloric acid that upgrades a variety of inferior quality titanium-iron ores into premium titanium concentrate and iron oxide products. The ground ore is leached with two separate quantities of hydrochloric acid after which the dissolved titanium is precipitated from the filtered liquor by hydrolysis. The still soluble iron chlorides are then optionally subjected to oxyhydrolysis to recover iron oxide and HCl. The process was developed for low-grade ores (under 12% TiO 2 ), and can be naturally applied advantageously to higher grade titanium-bearing ores.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 90
08-09-2016 дата публикации

Treatment of titanium ores

Номер: US20160258074A1
Автор: Fray Derek J., JIAO Shuqiang
Принадлежит:

A method of producing titanium, comprising providing an oxide of titanium having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; and electrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; and recovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte. 1. A method of producing titanium , comprising:providing an oxide of titanium in the form of an ore or ore concentrate having a level of impurities of at least 1.0 wt %, including at least 0.1 wt % calcium oxide and/or at least 0.1 wt % iron oxide;reacting the oxide of titanium to form a titanium oxycarbide; andelectrolysing the titanium oxycarbide in an electrolyte, with the titanium oxycarbide configured as an anode; andrecovering a refined titanium metal from a cathode in the electrolyte, the refined titanium metal having a level of impurities of less than 0.5 wt %.2. A method according to claim 1 , in which the refined titanium metal is at least 99.8% pure by weight.3. A method according to claim 1 , in which the oxide of titanium has a level of impurities of at least 2.0 wt %.4. A method according to claim 1 , in which the oxide of titanium comprises impurities selected from the group consisting of oxides of silicon claim 1 , aluminium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , calcium chromium and vanadium.5. A method according to claim 1 , in which the oxide of titanium includes at least 0.5 wt % calcium oxide and/or at least 0.5 wt % iron oxide.6. A method according to claim 1 , in which the oxide of titanium substantially comprises titanium dioxide.7. A method according to claim 6 , in which the titanium oxycarbide is formed by reacting the oxide of titanium with titanium carbide.8. A method according to claim 7 , in which titanium carbide is reacted with titanium dioxide in accordance with the stoichiometry given by: 4TiC+2TiO=3TiCO+CO.9. A method according to claim 1 , in which the electrolyte is a ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 91
08-08-2019 дата публикации

PRODUCING TITANIUM ALLOY MATERIALS THROUGH REDUCTION OF TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE

Номер: US20190241993A1
Автор: Copland Evan H., Ott Eric Allen, Prentice Leon Hugh, Stella Albert Santo, Woodfield Andrew Philip
Принадлежит:

Process for producing a titanium alloy material, such as a titanium aluminum alloy, are provided. The process includes reduction of TiCl, which includes a titanium ion (Ti), through intermediate ionic states (e.g., Ti) to Ti, which may then undergo a disproportionation reaction to form the titanium aluminum alloy. 1. A process for producing a titanium alloy material , comprising:{'sub': 4', '4', '3', '3, 'sup': 4+', '3+, 'adding TiClto an input mixture at a first reaction temperature such that at least a portion of the Ti in the TiClis reduced to a first intermediate mixture, wherein the input mixture comprises aluminum, optionally AlCl, and, optionally, one or more alloying element chloride, and wherein the first intermediate mixture comprises an AlCl-based salt solution that includes Ti;'}{'sup': 3+', '2+, 'sub': 3', '4, 'heating to a second reaction temperature such that at least a portion of the Ti of the first intermediate reaction mixture is reduced to a second intermediate reaction mixture, wherein the second intermediate reaction mixture is an AlCl-based salt solution that includes Ti, wherein adding TiClto the input mixture at the first reaction temperature and heating to the second reaction temperature are performed sequentially in a reaction process; and'}{'sup': '2+', 'further heating the second intermediate reaction mixture to a third reaction temperature such that the Ti forms the titanium alloy material via a disproportionation reaction.'}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the input mixture comprises a plurality of particles claim 1 , and wherein the plurality of particles comprise aluminum claim 1 , AlCl claim 1 , and claim 1 , optionally claim 1 , one or more alloying element chloride claim 1 , and further wherein the plurality of particles of the input mixture have a minimum particle dimension on average of about 0.5 μm to about 25 μm.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the one or more alloying element chloride is present in the input mixture ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 92
08-08-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING TITANIUM ALLOYS BASED ON ALUMINOTHERMIC SELF-PROPAGATING GRADIENT REDUCTION AND SLAG-WASHING REFINING

Номер: US20190241994A1
Автор: DOU Zhi he, FU Da xue, Liu Yan, LV Guo zhi, NIU Li ping, ZHANG Ting an, ZHANG Wei guang, ZHAO Qiu yue
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method for preparing titanium alloys based on aluminothermic self-propagating gradient reduction and slag-washing refining, and belongs to the technical field of titanium-aluminum alloys. The method comprises the following steps of pre-treating raw materials, weighing the raw materials in the mass ratio of rutile or high-titanium slags or titanium dioxide to aluminum powder to VOpowder to CaO to KClObeing 1.0:(0.60-0.24):(0.042-0.048):(0.12-0.26):(0.22-0.30), performing an aluminothermic self-propagating reaction in a gradient feeding manner to obtain high-temperature melt, performing a gradient reduction melting, performing heat insulation and separating the melt after the feeding is completed, then adding CaF—CaO—TiO—VObased refining slags into the high-temperature melt, performing slag washing refining, and finally removing slags to obtain titanium alloys. This method has the advantages including short flow, low energy consumption, easy operation, easy control on Al and V contained in alloys, and so on. 1. A method for preparing titanium alloys based on aluminothermic self-propagating gradient reduction and slag-washing refining , comprising the following steps:Step 1: material pre-treatment{'sub': 2', '5', '3, 'pre-treating aluminothermic reduction reaction materials separately to obtain pre-treated aluminothermic reduction reaction materials, wherein the aluminothermic reduction reaction materials include titanium-containing material, aluminum powder, VOpowder, CaO and KClO, the titanium-containing material is at least one selected from the group consisting of rutile, high-titanium slags and titanium dioxide;'}{'sub': 2', '5', '3, 'weighing the pre-treated aluminothermic reduction reaction materials with a proportional ratio, wherein the proportional ratio is a mass ratio of titanium-containing material:aluminum powder:VOpowder:CaO:KClObeing 1.0:(0.60-0.24):(0.042-0.048):(0.12-0.26):(0.22-0.30);'}{'sub': 2', '5', '3, 'wherein the ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 93
30-07-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PURIFYING TITANIUM MATERIAL

Номер: US20200239979A1
Автор: Matsuwaka Daisuke, NARUSHIMA Takayuki, UEDA Kyosuke
Принадлежит: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.)

A method for refining a titanium material, in which oxygen contained in a titanium material made of a pure titanium, a titanium alloy or an intermetallic compound containing titanium as one of main components is removed, the method includes: a first melting step of melting the titanium material under a noble gas atmosphere containing 5 to 70 vol % of hydrogen, thereby introducing hydrogen into a melt of the titanium material; and a second melting step of melting the titanium material into which hydrogen has been introduced in the first melting step under a noble gas atmosphere, thereby removing oxygen contained in the titanium material from the melt of the titanium material together with the hydrogen. Each of the first melting step and the second melting step is carried out at least once. 1. A method for refining a titanium material , in which oxygen contained in a titanium material made of a pure titanium , a titanium alloy or an intermetallic compound containing titanium as one of main components is removed , the method comprising:a first melting step of melting the titanium material under a noble gas atmosphere containing 5 to 70 vol % of hydrogen, thereby introducing hydrogen into a melt of the titanium material; anda second melting step of melting the titanium material into which hydrogen has been introduced in the first melting step under a noble gas atmosphere, thereby removing oxygen contained in the titanium material from the melt of the titanium material together with the hydrogen,wherein each of the first melting step and the second melting step is carried out at least once.2. The method for refining a titanium material according to claim 1 , further comprising a heat treatment step of retaining the titanium material for 15 minutes or more under the condition of a degree of vacuum of 1×10to 1×10Pa and a retention temperature of 600 to 1 claim 1 ,200° C. after termination of the second melting step claim 1 , thereby removing hydrogen from the titanium ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 94
07-09-2017 дата публикации

HIGH-GRADE METHOD OF ILMENITE ORE, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF HIGH-GRADE TIO2 USING THE SAID METHOD AND HIGH-GRADE TIO2 PRODUCED BY THE SAID MANUFACTURING METHOD, FOR TI-RAW MATERIALS

Номер: US20170253948A1
Автор: Iijima Katsuyuki, ITO Yoshihiro, NAGASAKA Tetsuya, Nakamura Nobuo, TAKAI Toru, YOSHIKAWA Eiichiro
Принадлежит: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY

A method for upgrading an ilmenite ore for yielding a high-TiO-content titanium source by separating and removing an iron component from ilmenite (FeTiO), which includes an oxidation step of oxidizing a starting ilmenite; after the oxidation step, a reduction step of reducing the treated ilmenite; and after the reduction step, an extraction step of dissolving the iron component with an acid, to thereby remove the iron component. Also disclosed is a production method for producing a high-TiO-content titanium source, which includes upgrading an ilmenite ore as described above, and a high-TiO-content titanium source produced through the production method. 1. A method for upgrading an ilmenite ore for yielding a high-TiO-content titanium source by separating and removing an iron component from ilmenite (FeTiO) , characterized in that the method comprises an oxidation step of oxidizing a starting ilmenite;after the oxidation step, a reduction step of reducing the treated ilmenite; and after the reduction step, an extraction step of dissolving the iron component with an acid, to thereby remove the iron component.2. The ilmenite ore upgrading method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the oxidation step claim 1 , an ilmenite phase (FeTiO) is converted to a hematite phase (FeO) and a rutile phase (TiO) claim 1 , without forming a pseudo-brookite phase (FeTiO) claim 1 , which is basically insoluble in acid.3. The ilmenite ore upgrading method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , in the reduction step claim 2 , the hematite phase (FeO) is reduced to metallic iron (Fe).4. The ilmenite ore upgrading method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the oxidation step is performed at 600° C. to a temperature lower than 800° C.5. The ilmenite ore upgrading method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reduction step is performed at 500° C. to 900° C.6. A method for producing a high-TiO-content titanium source claim 1 , the method comprising upgrading an ilmenite ore through an ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 95
01-10-2015 дата публикации

Processes for treating red mud

Номер: US20150275330A1
Автор: Denis PRIMEAU, Joel Fournier, Marie-Maxime LABRECQUE-GILBERT, Richard Boudreault
Принадлежит: Orbite Technologies Inc

There are provided processes for treating red mud. For example, the processes can comprise leaching red mud with HCl so as to obtain a leachate comprising ions of a first metal (for example aluminum) and a solid, and separating said solid from said leachate. Several other metals can be extracted from the leachate (Fe, Ni, Co, Mg, rare earth elements, rare metals, etc.). Various other components can be extracted from solid such as TiO 2 , SiO 2 etc.

Подробнее
Номер записи: 96
22-09-2016 дата публикации

METAL OXIDE PARTICLES AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THEREOF

Номер: US20160273072A1
Автор: KHASIN Ernst
Принадлежит:

Methods of producing high purity powders of submicron particles of metal oxides are presented. The methods comprise providing or forming an alloy of a first metal with a second metal, optionally heating the alloy, subjecting the alloy to a leaching agent to remove the second metal from the alloy and to oxidize the first metal, thus forming submicron oxide particles of the first metal. Collections of high purity, high surface area, submicron particles are presented as well. 1. A method of producing submicron metal oxide particles of one or more first metal(s) , said method comprising:providing or forming an alloy of said first metal(s) with a second metal;subjecting said alloy to a leaching agent effective to leach out said second metal and to oxidize said first metal(s), thus forming metal oxide submicron particles of said first metal(s);removing said leaching agent, leaving said metal oxide submicron particles of said first metal(s).2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of subjecting said alloy to a heat treatment operation.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said heat treatment step is conducted following said step of said providing or forming an alloy and prior to said step of subjecting said alloy to a leaching agent.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising rinsing and drying said first metal(s) oxide particles following removal of said leaching agent.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said rinsing is conducted in water and is stopped when said water following rinsing is neutral in terms of pH.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said heat treatment forms a homogeneous phase or phases of said alloy claim 1 , from which said second metal is removed and said first metal(s) is oxidized by said leaching agent.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said alloy comprises 1-50 wt % of said first metal(s) and 50-99 wt % of said second metal.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein following said heat treatment claim 2 , said alloy undergoes surface cleaning ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 97
27-09-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF METAL-CONTAINING MATERIAL FROM A COMPOSITE MATERIAL

Номер: US20180274059A1
Автор: Duxson Peter, Jewell Daniel
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a method for the recovery of a metal-containing product (M) comprising: providing a composite material comprising a matrix of oxidised reductant (R), a product metal (M) dispersed in the matrix of oxidised reductant (R), and one or more metal compounds (MC) of the product metal (M) in one or more oxidation states dispersed in the matrix of oxidised reductant (R); and treating the composite material to at least partially remove the one or more metal compounds (MC) from the matrix of oxidised reductant (R) to form the metal-containing product (M). 147-. (canceled)48. A method for the recovery of a metal-containing product (M) comprising:{'sub': o', 'P', 'o', 'P', 'R', 'P', 'o, 'providing a composite material comprising a matrix of oxidised reductant (R), a product metal (M) dispersed in said matrix of oxidised reductant (R), and one or more metal compounds (MC) of said product metal (M) in one or more oxidation states dispersed in said matrix of oxidised reductant (R); and'}{'sub': P', 'R', 'o', 'Prod, 'treating said composite material to at least partially remove said one or more metal compounds (MC) from said matrix of oxidised reductant (R) to form said metal-containing product (M).'}49. A method according to claim 48 , wherein said treatment step comprises distilling said one or more metal compounds (MC) from said matrix of oxidised reductant (R).50. A method according to claim 49 , wherein said distillation at least partially removes said oxidised reductant (R).51. A method according to claim 49 , wherein said distillation results in at least one of (i) volatilisation of said one or more metal compounds (MC) claim 49 , and (ii) reduction of said one or more metal compounds (MC) claim 49 , in the presence of a reductant (R) claim 49 , to said product metal (M).52. A method according to claim 49 , wherein said one or more metal compounds (MC) and claim 49 , optionally claim 49 , said oxidised reductant (R) are removed from the composite ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 98
18-12-2014 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR TREATING RED MUD

Номер: US20140369907A1
Автор: BOUDREAULT Richard, FOURNIER Joël, Labrecque-Gilbert Marie-Maxime, PRIMEAU Denis
Принадлежит: ORBITE ALUMINAE INC.

There are provided processes for treating red mud. For example, the processes can comprise leaching red mud with HCl so as to obtain a leachate comprising ions of a first metal (for example aluminum) and a solid, and separating said solid from said leachate. Several other metals can be extracted from the leachate (Fe, Ni, Co, Mg, rare earth elements, rare metals, etc.). Various other components can be extracted from solid such as TiO, SiOetc. 1357-. (canceled)358. A process for treating red mud , said process comprising:leaching red mud with HCl at a temperature of about 125 to about 225° C.: so as to obtain a leachate comprising aluminum ions and iron ions and a solid, and separating said solid from said leachate;{'sub': '3', 'reacting said leachate with HCl so as to obtain a liquid comprising said iron ions and a precipitate comprising said aluminum ions in the form of AlCl, and separating said precipitate from said liquid; and'}{'sub': 3', '2', '3, 'heating said precipitate under conditions effective for converting AlClinto AlOand optionally recovering gaseous HCl so-produced.'}359. The process of claim 358 , wherein said red mud is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight %.360. The process of claim 358 , wherein said red mud is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight % at pressure of about 50 to about 150 psig.361. The process of claim 358 , wherein said red mud is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight % at a temperature of about 160 to about 190° C.362. The process of claim 358 , wherein said red mud is leached with HCl having a concentration of about 18 to about 45 weight % at a temperature of about 125 to about 225° C.363. The process of claim 358 , wherein said process further comprises recycling gaseous HCl so-produced by contacting it with water so as to obtain a composition having a concentration of about 25 to about 45 weight and using said composition for ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 99
25-12-2014 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR RECOVERING RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM VARIOUS ORES

Номер: US20140373683A1
Автор: BOUDREAULT Richard, Dittrich Carsten, FOURNIER Joël, GARCIA Maria Cristina, Krivanec Heinz, PRIMEAU Denis, SIMONEAU Raymond
Принадлежит: ORBITE ALUMINAE INC.

The present disclosure relates to processes for recovering rare earth elements from various materials. The processes can comprise leaching the at least one material with at least one acid so as to obtain a leachate comprising at least one metal ion and at least one rare earth element, and a solid, and separating the leachate from the solid. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing at least one of the at least one metal ion from the leachate and optionally obtaining a precipitate. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing the at least one rare earth element from the leachate and/or the precipitate. 1. A process for recovering at least one rare earth element and/or at least one rare metal chosen from In , Zr , Li and Ga from at least one material , said process comprising:leaching said at least one material with HCl so as to obtain a leachate comprising a first metal ion, a second metal ion, said at least one rare earth element and/or said at least one rare metal chosen from In, Zr, Li and Ga, and a solid, and separating said leachate from said solid;substantially selectively removing said first metal ion from said leachate, thereby obtaining a composition comprising said second metal ion and said at least one rare earth element and/or said at least one rare metal chosen from In, Zr, Li and Ga;substantially selectively at least partially removing said second metal ion from said composition, thereby obtaining a liquor comprising said at least one rare earth element and/or said at least one rare metal chosen from In, Zr, Li and Ga; and{'sub': 3', '3, 'substantially selectively removing said at least one rare earth element and/or at least one rare metal chosen from In, Zr, Li and Ga from said liquor, wherein said liquor comprises GaCland is reacted with a first extracting agent in order to substantially selectively extract GaCltherefrom, thereby obtaining a Ga-free solution and an extracted gallium solution, and ...

Подробнее
Номер записи: 100