LOW POWER MAGNETIC SECURE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

In accordance with aspects of the present invention, a magnetic secured transmission system is presented. A magnetic secure transmission (MST) system can include a full-bridge driver that includes four transistors configured to regulate current through a coil; and a driving controller coupled to drive the full-bridge driver at a high frequency. In some embodiments, the transistors in the full bridge regulator are driven with a high frequency pulsed-wave modulated (PWM) signal to control the current through the coil. A method of magnetic secured transmission (MST) of MST data according to some embodiments includes receiving the MST data; generating coil data in response to the MST data; driving transistors in a full bridge at a high frequency to drive current through a coil according to the coil data. 1. A magnetic secure transmission (MST) system , comprising:a full-bridge driver that includes four transistors configured to regulate current through a coil; anda driving controller coupled to drive the full-bridge regulator, the driving circuit driving the four transistors at a high frequency.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the full-bridge driver can function as an MST driver and/or a wireless power transceiver.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the coil can be used as a MST coil and/or a wireless power coil.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driving controller can operate pairs of the four transistors alternately in PWM mode to drive current through the coil to transmit MST data.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driving controller can operate both pairs of the four transistors in PWM mode simultaneously.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driving controller can operate the full-bridge driver in with PWM signals to interleave pairs of the four transistors.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driving controller can use a PWM control method and can regulate the slew rate of a current transient through the coil.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Directed magnetic field coil design

In accordance with aspects of the present invention, a coil arrangement is presented. A coil arrangement according to some embodiments includes at least one coil positioned to provide a magnetic field in a first area and configured to reduce the magnetic field in a second area outside of the first area. In some embodiments, the at least one coil includes a bent solenoid oriented in the X-Y plane, the bent solenoid localizing magnetic field flux at ends of the bent solenoid. In some embodiments, the bent solenoid can include end caps to further direct the magnetic flux. In some embodiments, the at least one coil includes a flattened solenoid with end caps to direct the magnetic flux. In some embodiments, the coil arrangement is a configuration of multiple coils.

METHODS, APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR DATA SEGMENTATION AND REASSEMBLY IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Methods, apparatus and systems for data segmentation and reassembly in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a transmitter module in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method comprises: segmenting a plurality of data units from a plurality of logical channels into a plurality of data segments at a medium access control (MAC) layer. The plurality of data segments are allocated with a plurality of sequence numbers in sequential order. 1. A method performed by a transmitter module in a wireless communication system , the method comprising:segmenting a plurality of data units from a plurality of logical channels into a plurality of data segments at a medium access control (MAC) layer,wherein the plurality of data segments are allocated with a plurality of sequence numbers in sequential order.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of data units is a MAC service data unit (SDU).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of data segments is a MAC service data unit (SDU) segment.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:obtaining, at the MAC layer, the plurality of data units from a layer immediately above the MAC layer, wherein the plurality of data units are grouped by at least one of: a Quality of Service (QoS) flow, a protocol data unit (PDU) session, and a data radio bearer (DRB).5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:adding a first header to each of the plurality of data units, wherein the first header comprises an indication indicating whether the data unit comprises a data segment.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the first header comprises at least one of:a one-bit indicator; anda two-bit indicator.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:setting the one-bit indicator in the first header of each of the at least one data unit to a value to indicate that the data unit comprises a data segment.8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:setting the two-bit ...

Method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using wet process

A method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using a wet process. The method comprises the steps: extracting vanadium from vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores and processing, by using the vanadium extraction method, obtained leaching residue by using a wet process, so as to obtain titanium; and calcining the remaining liquid extracted during the vanadium extraction, so as to prepare ferric oxide. The flow of the method is short, and the energy consumption is low, thereby avoiding waste of a titanium resource.

CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR LOW POWER MAGNETIC SECURE TRANSMISSION

According to another embodiment, a system includes a driver circuit that drives a first output and a second output; a coil coupled between the first output and the second output such that the driver circuit drives current through the coil in response to control signals; and a programmable slew circuit coupled to the driver circuit. In some embodiments, a switch is coupled between the first output and the coil. In some embodiments an over-voltage protection circuit is coupled to protect the driver circuit. 1. A system for emitting a magnetic field , the system comprising:a buck converter for outputting a voltage;a driver coupled to the voltage output by the buck converter and configured to control polarity of a current through a first inductor through a bridge coupled to the full bridge driver; andan over voltage protection circuit configured to protect the driver.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the buck converter comprises:a first switch configured to couple a battery to a first circuit node;a second switch coupled between the first circuit node and ground;a second inductor with a first lead coupled to the first circuit node; anda capacitor with a first lead coupled to a second lead of the second inductor and a second lead coupled to ground; anda controller configured to control the first switch and the second switch to alternate the buck converter from a charging mode to a discharging mode;wherein the voltage output by the buck converter is provided at the first lead of the capacitor.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first and second switches are MOSFETs.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a voltage variation rate of the buck converter.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the driver comprises:a first switch coupled between the voltage output by the buck converter and a first circuit node;a second switch coupled between the voltage output by the buck converter and a second circuit node;a third switch coupled ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING IRON-CONTAINED RAW MATERIAL USING BATH SMELTING FURNACE

The present invention relates to method and apparatus for treating iron-contained raw material using bath smelting furnace. An iron-contained raw material is mixed with a reducing agent. The mixture is added into a bath smelting furnace. The enriched oxygen is blown into the bath. The smelt is conducted at a temperature of 1200-1600° C. Compared with the traditional process of “sintering/pellet-blast furnace smelting” or “rotary furnace reduction-electrical furnace smelting separation”, the present invention has the remarkable advantages of short process, strong raw material adaptability, high product quality, low energy consumption, low pollution, etc. The present invention provides a new technology direction for effectively and comprehensively utilizing the iron-contained resource and has a wide application prospect. 1. A method for treating iron-contained raw material using bath smelting furnace , comprising:mixing an iron-contained raw material with a reducing agent to form a mixture;adding the mixture into a bath smelting furnace;blowing enriched oxygen into the bath; andsmelting at a temperature of 1200-1600° C.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , adding an additive to the iron-contained raw material and the reducing agent to form the mixture; andadding the mixture into the bath smelting furnace for smelting;wherein the smelting time is 0.5-4 hours.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , a mass ratio of the iron-contained raw material claim 2 , the additive claim 2 , and the reducing agent is 100:(0-60):(20-60).4. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , the additive is one or more items selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate claim 2 , sodium sulfate claim 2 , sodium chloride claim 2 , sodium borate claim 2 , sodium hydrogen carbonate claim 2 , limestone claim 2 , and dolomite.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,the reducing agent is one or more items selected from the group consisting of anthracite, bitumite, a ...

METHODS, APPARATUS AND SYSTEMS FOR DATA TRANSMISSION USING BANDWIDTH PARTS

Methods, apparatus and systems for transmitting data using bandwidth parts in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication node is disclosed. The method comprises: configuring a first set of bandwidth part (BWP) for a wireless communication device, wherein the first set of BWP includes a single BWP configured for either uplink or downlink transmission regarding the wireless communication device; and configuring at least one second set of BWPs for the wireless communication device, wherein each of the second set of BWPs includes a pair of BWPs configured respectively for uplink and downlink transmissions regarding the wireless communication device. The first set of BWP is associated with the at least one second set of BWPs based on at least one predetermined relationship. 1. A method performed by a wireless communication node , the method comprising:configuring a first set of bandwidth part (BWP) for a wireless communication device, wherein the first set of BWP includes a single BWP configured for either uplink or downlink transmission regarding the wireless communication device; andconfiguring at least one second set of BWPs for the wireless communication device, wherein each of the second set of BWPs includes a pair of BWPs configured respectively for uplink and downlink transmissions regarding the wireless communication device,wherein the first set of BWP is associated with the at least one second set of BWPs based on at least one predetermined relationship.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein among the at least one second set of BWPs claim 1 , at most one set of BWPs is active.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one predetermined relationship includes a relationship that:when one of the at least one second set of BWPs is active, the first set of BWP is active.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein:when the active BWP in the first set of BWP is for downlink transmission, the active BWP is ...

Methods, apparatus and systems for transmitting data based on asymmetric bandwidth parts

Methods, apparatus and systems for transmitting data based on asymmetric bandwidth parts in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication node is disclosed. The method comprises: configuring at least one downlink bandwidth part (BWP) for a wireless communication device, wherein each of the at least one downlink BWP is configured for a downlink transmission to the wireless communication device; configuring at least one uplink BWP for the wireless communication device, wherein each of the at least one uplink BWP is configured for an uplink transmission from the wireless communication device; and configuring a transmission resource on one uplink BWP of the at least one uplink BWP for the wireless communication device to transmit an uplink signal on the transmission resource. The uplink signal indicates a request for activating an associated downlink BWP.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF SEARCHING DATA RECORDS

A portable electronic device includes a display for displaying results of a search for data records, and a memory for storing a plurality of applications and, for each application of the plurality of applications, respective associated metadata identifying a location of the data records associated with the application, a mapping for associating data in the data records with a unified format utilized by a search client, and an identification of filterable fields and the filtering method. The portable electronic device also includes a processor coupled to the display and to the memory to utilize the metadata stored in association with the plurality of applications to perform a search of the data records and identify a plurality of the data records that accord with the search query to provide search results, and provide the search results in a unified format on the portable electronic device. 1. A method of searching for data records on a portable electronic device , the method comprising: a location of the data records associated with the application,', 'a mapping for associating data in the data records with a unified format utilized by a search client, and', 'an identification of filterable fields and the filtering method;, 'for each application of a plurality of applications executable by the portable electronic device, storing respective associated metadata identifying'} utilizing the metadata stored in association with the plurality of applications to perform a search of the data records and identify a plurality of the data records that accord with the search query to provide search results; and', 'providing the search results in a unified format on the portable electronic device., 'in response to receipt of a search query at the search client2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , for each application of the plurality of applications claim 1 , the metadata is stored in association with a content provider that manages access to the data records ...

Wireless Power System

A method of over-current protection in a wireless power receiver operating in a high-power mode includes digitally receiving an output current signal, generating an OC INT signal if the output current signal is greater than a current limit value, and if the OC INT signal is generated, transmitting Count A number of End Power Transfer (EPT) packets. If wireless power transmission has not stopped, transmitting Count C number of Control Error Packets (CEPs) with Value B. If wireless power transmission has not reduced such that the output current IL is below the current limit value, then enabling an LDO current limit circuit in a power block of the wireless power receiver. In a low-power mode, the receiver enables a hardware over-current circuit that generates an OC INT signal when the output current exceeds a current limit.

PREPARATION METHOD FOR BINDER-FREE, COAL-BASED, BRIQUETTED ACTIVATED CARBON

Disclosed herein is a method for preparing coal-based, briquetted activated carbon. The method includes subjecting raw coal to a briquetting process, pulverizing the briquettes into particles, and performing carbonization and activation to obtain activated carbon. The briquetting process includes pulverizing raw coal to produce a feed, feeding the feed into a feed bin for degassing, adjusting the temperature and the water content of the feed in the feed bin, and feeding the feed in the feed bin into a briquetting apparatus for briquetting to form coal briquettes. The raw coal briquetting process of the preparation method is suited to a wide variety of coal, including non-caking coal. The preparation method yields a coal briquette product with a strength greater than 89% without any binder, which is beneficial to improve the strength and the like of activated carbon. 1. A method for preparing coal-based , briquetted activated carbon , the method comprising: a. pulverizing the raw coal to obtain pulverized coal, wherein, the average particle size of the pulverized coal is at least 20 μm, the content of the pulverized coal with a particle size of up to 80 μm is at least 90 wt %, and the content of the pulverized coal with a particle size ranging between 40 μm-80 μm is at least 10 wt %;', 'b. feeding the pulverized coal into a feed bin of a briquetting apparatus, and degassing the pulverized coal in the feed bin;', 'c. adjusting the temperature of the pulverized coal in the feed bin to 50° C.-100° C. and the water content to 2 wt %-8 wt %;', 'd. feeding the pulverized coal in the feed bin into the briquetting apparatus for briquetting to obtain coal briquettes, and, 'I. briquetting raw coal to obtain coal briquettes, wherein briquetting comprises 'carbonizing and activating the crushed and granulated coal briquettes thereby obtaining activated carbon.', 'II. crushing and granulating the coal briquettes obtained in step I, and'}2. The method according to claim 1 , ...

Transmitting radio resource control information

Methods, apparatus, and systems for transmitting Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer information without incurring the complex processing in lower layers are described. In one example aspect, a wireless communication method includes scrambling, prior to a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) attachment, at least part of a first Radio Resource Configuration (RRC) message by a base station based on a seed associated with a mobile device. The method also includes transmitting, by the base station, the at least part of the first RRC message at a layer that is lower than a Radio Link Control layer or a Medium Access Control layer over a corresponding channel.

Battery management system for electric vehicle

A battery management system for a vehicle having an electrically powered motor that is powered by a plurality of battery cells includes an electrical system for providing voltage and current from the battery cells to an electrical motor. A control is operable to at least one of (a) cause fuses of the electrical system to be the weakest link in the electrical system only during a failure event, (b) disconnect the battery cells from the battery management system only during a failure event, (c) separate the driving of balancing resistors into first and second stages, with the first stage comprising cell balancing control and the second stage comprising cell balancing with reverse voltage protection and (d) provide single stage reverse voltage protection to limit or effectively eliminate an electrical conduction path through a low impedance balancing circuit.

COIL DESIGN FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER

In some embodiments, a transmit coil configuration is provided. A coil configuration for a wireless transmitter according to some embodiments can include a plurality of turns coupled between a first tap coupled to an innermost turn and a second tap coupled to an outermost turn; and at least one adjustment tap coupled to at least one turn of the transmitter coil between the innermost turn and the outermost turn. The transmission coil can include an MST coil coupled to the second tap of the transmission coil. In some embodiments, the MST coil can include a plurality of turns arranged in one of a circle, an oval, an egg shape, or a square shape. 1. A coil configuration for a wireless transmitter , comprising:a plurality of turns coupled between a first tap coupled to an innermost turn and a second tap coupled to an outermost turn; andat least one adjustment tap coupled to at least one turn of the transmitter coil between the innermost turn and the outermost turn.2. The coil configuration of further including a magnetic secured transmission (MST) coil coupled to the second tap.3. The coil configuration of claim 2 , wherein the MST coil includes a plurality of turns formed in a circular shape.4. The coil configuration of claim 2 , wherein the MST coil includes a plurality of turns formed in an oval shape.5. The coil configuration of claim 2 , wherein the MST coil includes a plurality of turns formed in an egg shape.6. The coil configuration of claim 2 , wherein the MST coil includes a plurality of turns formed in a square shape.7. The coil configuration of claim 2 , further including ferrite material.8. A wireless power transmission system claim 2 , comprising:a controller;a transmission coil, the transmission coil comprising a plurality of turns with an innermost turn coupled to a first tap and an outermost turn coupled to a second tap, and at least one adjustment tap coupled to at least one turn of the transmitter coil between the innermost turn and the outermost turn, ...

Dynamic Deadtime Control in a Wireless Transmission Function

Embodiments described herein provide a wireless power transmitter that dynamically adjusts the deadtime to reduce power loss. Specifically, the wireless power transmitter includes a transistor circuit for switching a first voltage at a first node and a second voltage at a second node, and a LC circuit coupled between the first node and the second node. The wireless power transmitter further includes a controller coupled to the transistor circuit. The controller is configured to determine whether either of the first voltage and the second voltage is negative during a deadtime of switching. The controller is configured to increment or decrement the deadtime by an adjustment amount depending on whether negative voltage is detected. 1. A wireless power transmitter , comprising:a transistor circuit for switching a first voltage at a first node and a second voltage at a second node;a LC circuit coupled between the first node and the second node; and determine whether either of the first voltage and the second voltage is negative during a deadtime of switching,', 'increment the deadtime by an adjustment amount when none of the first voltage and the second voltage is negative during the deadtime of switching, and', 'decrement the deadtime by the adjustment amount when one of the first voltage and the second voltage is negative during the deadtime of switching., 'a controller coupled to the transistor circuit, the controller configured to2. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the transistor circuit receives an input voltage at a first transistor bridge and a second transistor bridge in parallel to the first transistor bridge.3. The wireless power transmitter of claim 2 , wherein the first transistor bridge includes a first transistor switch and a second transistor switch claim 2 , connected through the first node claim 2 , andthe second transistor bridge includes a third transistor switch and a fourth transistor switch connected through the second node.4. The ...

METHOD FOR CONVERTING AND SEPARATING VANADIUM, TITANIUM, AND IRON FROM VANADIUM-TITANIUM-IRON CONCENTRATE IN ONE STEP

The present invention relates to a method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step, which includes the steps as below. () The vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate is mixed and roasted together with addition agent and reducing, agent, and thereby vanadium-containing pig iron and vanadium enriched slag are obtained. () The vanadium titanium enriched slag is leached in water and filtered, and thereby vanadium-containing solution and titanium slag are obtained. The technical features of the present invention are as below. By the new process of sodium reduction coupling, a new system of low-temperature smelting multiphase reaction separation is constructed. The reduction of iron, sodiumizing of vanadium, and the melting separation process of the vanadium titanium enriched slag and the iron are achieved in one step. Three products, i.e., the vanadium-containing pig iron, the vanadium-containing solution, and the titanium slag are produced. 1. A method for converting and separating vanadium , titanium , and iron from vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step , comprising:step 1, Mixing vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate with an addition agent and a reducing agent, conducting roasting for 0.5-4 hours at a temperature of 1100-1400° C., so that vanadium-containing pin iron and vanadium titanium enriched slag are obtained, wherein a ratio by weight is vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate: addition agent: reducing, agent=100: (40-80); (20-50);step 2, Leaching the vanadium titanium enriched slag obtained in the step 1 in water, conducting filtering, such that a vanadium-containing solution and a titanium slag are obtained.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the major compositions of the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in the step 1 includes iron with a total mass fraction of 30%-60% claim 1 , VOwith a mass fraction of 0.15% -2.0% claim 1 , and TiO2 with a mass fraction of 5%-35%.3. The method of claim 1 ...

Wireless Power Transmission Using a Capacitive Sensor

A capacitor sensor array (or grid) over a wireless power transmission coil can include a first set of lines; a second set of lines intersecting the first set of lines; a first multiplexer coupled to provide a charge (e.g. in the form of a DC voltage) from a voltage source to the first set of lines and provide first signals to detect voltages on each line; and a second multiplexer coupled to provide a charge from the voltage source to the second set of lines and provide second signals to detect voltages on each line, wherein an object positioned with respect to the first set of lines and the second set of lines is located. According to some embodiments, a wireless power receive coil and a rectifier circuit can be used in forming a capacitor sensor, to sense the capacitance between the receive and transmit coils for better alignment between the two coils. Other embodiments are also provided. 1. A wireless power transmitter comprising:one or more transmission coils;a capacitor sensor positioned over the one or more transmission coils and comprising:first lines;second lines intersecting the first lines;a multiplexer circuit coupled to the first and second lines, the multiplexer circuit configured to provide a charge from a charge source to lines selected by the multiplexer circuit; anda monitor circuit for monitoring a rate of discharge of each of the first and second lines, the rate of discharge of each line depending on a presence of an object proximate to the line and on a charge transfer between the line and the object;wherein the power transmitter is responsive to the monitor circuit in power transmission.2. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the rate of discharge of each line by the monitor circuit comprises determining whether the line's voltage has reached a threshold after a predetermined length of time.3. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the rate of discharge of each line by the monitor circuit ...

Half-Half-Bridge Pulse Width Modulation Low Power Magnetic Secure Transmission Systems

According to some embodiments, a magnetic secured transmission (MST) driver is provided. The MST driver includes a full-bridge switching circuit that includes a first half-bridge coupled to a first node and a second half-bridge coupled to a second node; and a control circuit coupled to drive the first half-bridge according to MST input data and to drive the second half bridge according to a high-frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. 1. A magnetic secure transmission (MST) driver circuit , comprising:a first half-bridge component;a second half-bridge component coupled to the first half-bridge component to form a full-bridge component;a control circuit coupled to drive the first half-bridge component according to a MST input signal and drive the second half-bridge component according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.2. The MST driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the first half-bridge component includes a first transistor switch and a second transistor switch coupled to the first transistor switch via a first connection node claim 1 , andwherein the control circuit is configured to apply the MST input signal to a first gate of the first transistor switch, and an inversed version of the MST input signal to a second gate of the second transistor switch.3. The MST driver circuit of claim 2 , wherein the second half-bridge component includes a third transistor switch and a fourth transistor coupled to the third transistor switch via a second connection node claim 2 , andwherein the control circuit is configured to apply the PWM signal to a third gate of the third transistor switch, and an inversed version of the PWM signal to a fourth gate of the fourth transistor switch.4. The MST driver circuit of claim 3 , further comprising:a high-frequency oscillator coupled to the control circuit, configured to provide the PWM signal having a frequency higher than the MST input signal.5. The MST driver circuit of claim 3 , wherein the first connection node is coupled ...

DIAGNOSTIC CIRCUITRY FOR POWERED SENSOR MULTIPLE UNIQUE FAULTS DIAGNOSTICS AND RESISTIVE FAULT TOLERANT INTERFACE TO MICROPROCESSOR

A sensing system includes circuitry having a diagnostic interface for a powered sensor. Responsive to sensing signals, the circuitry is operable to produce a DC level that is defined by operating or fault conditions. The fault conditions include an open voltage supply, an open sensor power return signal, open communication signal(s), series resistance in a communication signal, fault resistance to ground on the communication signal and fault resistance to a voltage source on the communication signal. The circuitry includes a fault tolerant interface between a wire harness at an output of the powered sensor and a digital input port of a microprocessor for the purpose of un-ambiguous fault detection when distortion of sensor information occurs or when loss of sensor information occurs, and wherein the microprocessor diagnoses a fault as defined by the DC level of the analog signal monitored at the communication signal input to the microprocessor. 1. A sensing system comprising:a powered sensor;a diagnostic interface circuitry coupled to the powered sensor and operable to generate an analog signal having a DC level defined in part by fault conditions of the powered sensor, the fault conditions including open wire connections (i) to a voltage supply line of the powered sensor, (ii) to at least one communication signal line of the powered sensor, and (iii) to a power return line of the powered sensor;wherein the DC level of the analog signal is also defined in part by series resistance, resistance to ground, and resistance to a voltage supply for the at least one communication signal line of the powered sensor;wherein the powered sensor is coupled to an electronic control unit via the diagnostic interface circuitry, and wherein the electronic control unit performs unambiguous fault detection when distortion of sensor information occurs or when loss of sensor information occurs; andwherein, responsive to the analog signal, the electronic control unit diagnoses a fault as ...

Circuits and systems for wireless power transmission

Circuits and systems for wireless power transmission include a driver circuit having first and second power terminals, a tapped coil, a first resonant tank, and a second resonant tank. The tapped coil includes a first, second, and third coil terminals, a first coil connected between the first and second coil terminals, and a second coil connected between the second and third coil terminals. The first resonant tank is coupled between the first and second power terminals. The second resonant tank is coupled between the first and second power terminals. The driver circuit is configured to provide and/or receive modulated power across the first and second power terminals and operate the device by switching between a first mode wherein the first resonant tank uses the first coil and a second mode wherein the second resonant tank uses the first coil and the second coil.

CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR LOW POWER MAGNETIC SECURE TRANSMISSION

According to another embodiment, a system includes a driver circuit that drives a first output and a second output; a coil coupled between the first output and the second output such that the driver circuit drives current through the coil in response to control signals; and a programmable slew circuit coupled to the driver circuit. In some embodiments, a switch is coupled between the first output and the coil. In some embodiments an over-voltage protection circuit is coupled to protect the driver circuit. 119-. (canceled)20. A driver circuit for an inductor , the circuit comprising:a first switch for coupling an input voltage to a first lead of an inductor;a second switch for coupling the input voltage to a second lead of the inductor;a third switch coupled between the first lead of the inductor and ground;a fourth switch coupled between the second lead of the inductor and ground;a first amplifier for controlling the third switch based on a first current through the third switch and a first reference current;a second amplifier for controlling the fourth switch based on a second current through the fourth switch and a second reference current; anda controller for controlling the first switch, the second switch, the first threshold, and the second threshold.21. The circuit of claim 20 , further comprising:a series combination of a first resistor and a fifth switch connected in parallel with the third switch; anda series combination of a second resistor and a sixth switch connected in parallel with the fourth switch; the fifth switch is controlled by the first amplifier; and', 'the sixth switch is controlled by the second amplifier., 'wherein22. The circuit of claim 20 , wherein the controller is further configured to:ramp the first reference current and the second reference current during polarity changes in a current through the inductor; andstagger the ramping of the first threshold and the second threshold relative to each other.2328-. (canceled) The present ...

CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR LOW POWER MAGNETIC SECURE TRANSMISSION

According to another embodiment, a system includes a driver circuit that drives a first output and a second output; a coil coupled between the first output and the second output such that the driver circuit drives current through the coil in response to control signals; and a programmable slew circuit coupled to the driver circuit. In some embodiments, a switch is coupled between the first output and the coil. In some embodiments an over-voltage protection circuit is coupled to protect the driver circuit.

Optimization of transmit and transmit/receive (trx) coils for wireless transfer of power

In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a coil design for the transmission of wireless power. In some embodiments, the coil can include a winding with one or more turns of conductive traces mounted on a substrate, wherein the one or more turns include characteristics that enhance operation of the coil. In some embodiments, the winding includes a transmit coil and a receive coil, each coupled to terminals that provide for a transmit functionality and a receive functionality. In some embodiments, the traces are varied in width and/or thickness in order to optimize the inductance and the coil resistance. In some embodiments, parameters of a control circuit coupled to the coil to affect a transmit functionality or a receive functionality can be optimized.

WIRELESS POWER MULTIPLE RECEIVE COIL SELF-STARTUP CIRCUIT FOR LOW BATTERY CONDITION

A wireless power circuit is presented that includes a transmit coil coupled to a first node; a receive coil coupled to the first node; a switch circuit coupled to the transmit coil and the receive coil opposite the first node, the switch switching the transmit coil to a second node in a transmit mode and switching the receive coil to the second node in a receive mode; a controller coupled to the first node and the second node, the controller coupled to provide signals to the switch circuit; and a self-start circuit coupled to the receive coil (or Tx coil) that automatically selects one of the coils to be used, the self-start circuit providing power to the switch circuit to hold the switch circuit in the receive mode (or predefined coil to be selected by default). 1. A wireless power circuit , comprising:a transmit coil coupled to a first node;a receive coil coupled to the first node;a switch circuit coupled to the transmit coil and the receive coil opposite the first node, the switch switching the transmit coil to a second node in a transmit mode and switching the receive coil to the second node in a receive mode;a controller coupled to the first node and the second node, the controller coupled to provide signals to the switch circuit; anda self-start circuit coupled to the receive coil, the self-start circuit providing power to the switch circuit to hold the switch circuit in the receive mode.2. The wireless power circuit of claim 1 , the switch circuit includes a transistor coupled between the receive coil and the second node claim 1 , the transistor configured to conduct in the receive mode and not to conduct in the transmit mode.3. The wireless power circuit of claim 2 , wherein the transistor is powered to conduct by the self-start circuit.4. The wireless power circuit of claim 2 , wherein the transistor includes one or more FET transistors.5. The wireless power circuit of claim 1 , wherein the self-start circuit includes a first diode coupled to the receive ...

BI-DIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION IN WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION

A wireless power transmitter and a receiver device can communicate through a bi-directional communications channel that uses the wireless power signal transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver. Embodiments of the present invention can provide firmware/software updates to wireless power transmitter, vehicle ignition, security lock systems, data back-up and storage systems, charging node statistics and updates, E-commerce applications, contextual awareness applications, interactive user experiences, and applications to wearables and other devices 1. A wireless power transmitter , comprising:an inverter coupled to a transmit coil;a wireless controller coupled to operate the inverter to generate a wireless power signal at the transmit coil;a controller coupled to the wireless controller;a bi-directional communications channel that includes a modulator and a demodulator coupled to the controller, the bi-directional communications channel providing modulation and demodulation of data transmission signals on the wireless power signal,wherein the controller exchanges functional data with a receive device placed proximate the wireless transmitter with the bi-directional communications channel to perform a function other than wireless power transmission.2. The wireless power transmitter of claim 1 , wherein the functional data includes a firmware/software update and wherein the controller executes instructions toauthenticate the receive device;receive the firmware/software update if the receive device is authenticated;update firmware/software; andacknowledge the update if successful.3. The wireless power transmitter of claim 2 , wherein instructions to update firmware/software includes instructions to update firmware/software in the controller.4. The wireless power transmitter of claim 2 , wherein instructions to update firmware/software includes instructions to update firmware/software in a device coupled to the wireless power transmitter.5. The wireless power ...

CONTROL OF IONIC COOLING IN WIRELESS CHARGING SYSTEMS

In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, an ion cooling engine (ICE) controlled by a transmitting or receiving device cools a transmit or receive coil and possibly other parts of a wireless power transmitter or receiver system. In some embodiments, the ICE includes a low-voltage circuit controlled by the transmitting device and coupled to a high voltage circuit that generates the airflow. Other features are also provided. 1. A wireless power transmitter system , comprising:one or more transmit coils;a transmitting device coupled to the one or more transmit coils, for driving the one or more transmit coils to transmit wireless power; andan ion cooling engine coupled to the transmitting device and arranged for cooling at least one of: (1) the wireless power transmitter system, (2) a wireless power receiver system when coupled to the wireless power transmitter system to receive power at one or more receive coils from the wireless power transmitter system.2. The wireless power transmitter system of claim 1 , wherein the ion cooling engine is arranged for cooling at least one of the transmit and receive coils.3. The wireless power transmitter system of claim 1 , wherein the ion cooling engine comprises:a first circuit arranged to receive one or more first voltages from the transmitting device and to convert the one or more first voltages to a second voltage of a maximum magnitude being at least 100 times greater than a maximum magnitude of any first voltage; anda second circuit for using the second voltage to generate an ion beam for generating an airflow to be emitted by the cooling engine.4. The wireless power transmitter system of wherein the one or more first voltages are DC voltages claim 3 , and the second voltage is an AC voltage.5. The wireless power transmitter system of wherein a drop of at least one first voltage corresponds to a drop of a power supply voltage claim 3 , and the transmitting device is configured to disrupt conversion of the ...

Preparation method for binder-free, coal-based, briquetted activated carbon

Disclosed herein is a method for preparing coal-based, briquetted activated carbon. The method includes subjecting raw coal to a briquetting process, pulverizing the briquettes into particles, and performing carbonization and activation to obtain activated carbon. The briquetting process includes pulverizing raw coal to produce a feed, feeding the feed into a feed bin for degassing, adjusting the temperature and the water content of the feed in the feed bin, and feeding the feed in the feed bin into a briquetting apparatus for briquetting to form coal briquettes. The raw coal briquetting process of the preparation method is suited to a wide variety of coal, including non-caking coal. The preparation method yields a coal briquette product with a strength greater than 89% without any binder, which is beneficial to improve the strength and the like of activated carbon.

Electronic device and method of searching data records

A portable electronic device includes a display for displaying results of a search for data records, and a memory for storing a plurality of applications and, for each application of the plurality of applications, respective associated metadata identifying a location of the data records associated with the application, a mapping for associating data in the data records with a unified format utilized by a search client, and an identification of filterable fields and the filtering method. The portable electronic device also includes a processor coupled to the display and to the memory to utilize the metadata stored in association with the plurality of applications to perform a search of the data records and identify a plurality of the data records that accord with the search query to provide search results, and provide the search results in a unified format on the portable electronic device.

Configuration of user plane functions for wireless systems

Methods, systems, and devices for configuring user plane functions in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes determining, at a network node, a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions based on at least one of a type of service, a deployment type, a connection mode, one or more capabilities of the network node, or one or more capabilities of a wireless device, and transmitting, to the wireless device, a first control plane message comprising the processing order. Another exemplary method for wireless communication includes receiving, from a network node, a first control plane message comprising information that includes a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions, and processing, at the wireless device, a plurality of user plane functions based on the processing order.

System and method for managing multimedia broadcast multicast service (mbms) continuity

A system and method for managing Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) continuity. The system and method include transmitting, by a wireless communication device through a first distributed unit (DU) of a wireless communication node to a central unit (CU) of the wireless communication node, a first message. The first DU corresponds to a first subset of a plurality of MBMS services of the CU. The first message indicates a second subset of the plurality of MBMS services that corresponds to a second DU of the wireless communication node. The system and method include receiving, by the wireless communication device from the CU in response to transmitting the first message, a second message including MBMS scheduling information. The system and method include performing, by the wireless communication device, a handover procedure from the first DU to the second DU.

Biological membrane-carrying aneurysm clip

An aneurysm clip has a biological membrane and a metal clip. The membrane is harvested from an animal, crosslinked, and then has its antigens minimized. The membrane also has an active layer coupled thereto. The metal clip has a first clip bar and a second clip bar that are attached to each in a biased manner, a first clip arm that extends perpendicularly from the second clip bar, and a second clip arm that extends perpendicularly from the first clip bar. A first end of the biological membrane is coupled to the first clip arm, and a second end of the biological membrane is coupled to the second clip arm in a manner that defines a receiving portion.

Method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate

The present invention relates to a method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step, which includes the steps as below. (1) The vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate is mixed and roasted together with addition agent and reducing agent, and thereby vanadium- containing pig iron and vanadium enriched slag are obtained. (2) The vanadium titanium enriched slag is leached in water and filtered, and thereby vanadium-containing solution and titanium slag are obtained. The technical features of the present invention are as below. By the new process of sodium salt roasting and reduction coupling, a new system of low- temperature smelting multiphase reaction separation is constructed. The reduction of iron, sodiumizing of vanadium, and the melting separation process of the vanadium titanium enriched slag and the iron are achieved in one step. Three products, i.e., the vanadium- containing pig iron, the vanadium-containing solution, and the titanium slag are produced. Compared with the conventional "blast furnace-converter" or "direct reduction-melting separation/grinding beneficiation" processes, the present invention has the significant advantages of a short process, a low investment, a low production cost, a reduced environmental pollution, and a high comprehensive recovery rate. A new technology of efficient and comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium-iron mineral resources is provided, which has a wide application prospect.

Diagnositc circuitry for powered sensor multiple unique faults diagnostics and resistive fault tolerant interface to microprocessor

A sensing system includes circuitry having a diagnostic interface for a powered sensor. Responsive to sensing signals, the circuitry is operable to produce a DC level that is defined by operating or fault conditions. The fault conditions include an open voltage supply, an open sensor power return signal, open communication signal(s), series resistance in a communication signal, fault resistance to ground on the communication signal and fault resistance to a voltage source on the communication signal. The circuitry includes a fault tolerant interface between a wire harness at an output of the powered sensor and a digital input port of a microprocessor for the purpose of un-ambiguous fault detection when distortion of sensor information occurs or when loss of sensor information occurs, and wherein the microprocessor diagnoses a fault as defined by the DC level of the analog signal monitored at the communication signal input to the microprocessor.

Configuration of user plane functions for wireless systems

Methods, systems, and devices for configuring user plane functions in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes determining, at a network node, a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions based on at least one of a type of service, a deployment type, a connection mode, one or more capabilities of the network node, or one or more capabilities of a wireless device, and transmitting, to the wireless device, a first control plane message comprising the processing order. Another exemplary method for wireless communication includes receiving, from a network node, a first control plane message comprising information that includes a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions, and processing, at the wireless device, a plurality of user plane functions based on the processing order.

Electronic device and method of searching data records

Method for extracting palladium

The present disclosure relates to a method for extracting palladium, including the following steps: (1) mixing a palladium-containing material with nitric acid and an alkali metal ion-containing catalyst to obtain a mixed solution, heating the mixed solution to allow a reaction, and removing a resulting residue to obtain a palladium-containing leaching liquor; and (2) subjecting the palladium-containing leaching liquor obtained in step (1) to separative extraction to obtain metallic palladium or at least one palladium-containing product, and reusing a residual solution for step (1) in a subsequent extraction. The alkali metal ion-containing catalyst of the present disclosure can leach palladium at a higher rate than that when pure nitric acid of the same concentration is used and does not volatilize, such that the recycling of a mother liquor can be realized. The method involves simple operations, has low production costs, greatly shortens the palladium extraction time, does not lead to secondary pollution, and meets the requirements of environmental protection.

Optimization of transmit and transmit/receive (trx) coils for wireless transfer of power

In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a coil design for the transmission of wireless power. In some embodiments, the coil can include a winding with one or more turns of conductive traces mounted on a substrate, wherein the one or more turns include characteristics that enhance operation of the coil. In some embodiments, the winding includes a transmit coil and a receive coil, each coupled to terminals that provide for a transmit functionality and a receive functionality. In some embodiments, the traces are varied in width and/or thickness in order to optimize the inductance and the coil resistance. In some embodiments, parameters of a control circuit coupled to the coil to affect a transmit functionality or a receive functionality can be optimized.

Methods, apparatus and systems for switching between bandwidth parts

Methods, apparatus and systems for switching between bandwidth parts in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication node is disclosed. The method comprises: configuring a first type bandwidth parts (BWPs) for a wireless communication device, wherein the first type BWP includes a single BWP configured for downlink transmission to the wireless communication device; configuring at least two second type BWPs for the wireless communication device, wherein the at least two second type BWPs include two BWPs configured respectively for uplink and downlink transmissions regarding the wireless communication device; and transmitting indication information on a second type BWP in the at least two second type BWPs to the wireless communication device, wherein the indication information indicates a service type of a planned transmission of the wireless communication node on the first type BWP.

Multicast/broadcast information transmission method and device, storage medium, and electronic device

The present application provides a multicast/broadcast information transmission method and device, a storage medium, and an electronic device. The method comprises: sending first multicast/broadcast information comprising multicast/broadcast service area configuration information to a first network element; or, receiving second multicast/broadcast information comprising multicast/broadcast service area configuration information from the first network element.

Configuration of user plane functions for wireless systems

Methods, systems, and devices for configuring user plane functions in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes determining, at a network node, a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions based on at least one of a type of service, a deployment type, a connection mode, one or more capabilities of the network node, or one or more capabilities of a wireless device, and transmitting, to the wireless device, a first control plane message comprising the processing order. Another exemplary method for wireless communication includes receiving, from a network node, a first control plane message comprising information that includes a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions, and processing, at the wireless device, a plurality of user plane functions based on the processing order.

Method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using wet process

A method for processing vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores by using a wet process. The method comprises the steps: extracting vanadium from vanadium-titanium magnetite finished ores and processing, by using the vanadium extraction method, obtained leaching residue by using a wet process, so as to obtain titanium; and calcining the remaining liquid extracted during the vanadium extraction, so as to prepare ferric oxide. The flow of the method is short, and the energy consumption is low, thereby avoiding waste of a titanium resource.

Wireless power multiple receive coil self-startup circuit for low battery condition

A wireless power circuit is presented that includes a transmit coil coupled to a first node; a receive coil coupled to the first node; a switch circuit coupled to the transmit coil and the receive coil opposite the first node, the switch switching the transmit coil to a second node in a transmit mode and switching the receive coil to the second node in a receive mode; a controller coupled to the first node and the second node, the controller coupled to provide signals to the switch circuit; and a self-start circuit coupled to the receive coil (or Tx coil) that automatically selects one of the coils to be used, the self-start circuit providing power to the switch circuit to hold the switch circuit in the receive mode (or predefined coil to be selected by default).

Dynamically changing multicast/broadcast service delivery

Presented are systems and methods for dynamically changing multicast service delivery between multicast and unicast with service continuity. A wireless communication device may receive multicast radio resource configuration information from a network. The wireless communication device may configure, according to the multicast radio resource configuration information, an air interface protocol stack of the wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may receive data of a multicast service according to the multicast radio resource configuration information.

Dynamic deadtime control in a wireless transmission function

Embodiments described herein provide a wireless power transmitter that dynamically adjusts the deadtime to reduce power loss. Specifically, the wireless power transmitter includes a transistor circuit for switching a first voltage at a first node and a second voltage at a second node, and a LC circuit coupled between the first node and the second node. The wireless power transmitter further includes a controller coupled to the transistor circuit. The controller is configured to determine whether either of the first voltage and the second voltage is negative during a deadtime of switching. The controller is configured to increment or decrement the deadtime by an adjustment amount depending on whether negative voltage is detected.

Broadcast/multicast service management method and apparatus, and electronic device and storage medium

Provided are a broadcast/multicast service management method and apparatus, and an electronic device and a storage medium. The method comprises: sending first information to a second communication unit, wherein the first information is used for instructing the second communication unit to execute an operation related to broadcast/multicast service management; and receiving second information sent by the second communication unit, wherein the second information is used for indicating an execution result of the operation to a first communication unit.

Bi-directional communication in wireless power transmission

A wireless power transmitter and a receiver device can communicate through a bidirectional communications channel that uses the wireless power signal transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver. Embodiments of the present invention can provide firmware/software updates to wireless power transmitter, vehicle ignition, security lock systems, data back-up and storage systems, charging node statistics and updates, E-commerce applications, contextual awareness applications, interactive user experiences, and applications to wearables and other devices

Half-half-bridge pulse width modulation low power magnetic secure transmission systems

According to some embodiments, a magnetic secured transmission (MST) driver is provided. The MST driver includes a full-bridge switching circuit that includes a first half-bridge coupled to a first node and a second half-bridge coupled to a second node; and a control circuit coupled to drive the first half-bridge according to MST input data and to drive the second half bridge according to a high-frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.

Method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step

The present invention relates to a method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from the vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step, which includes the steps as below. (1) The vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate is mixed and roasted together with addition agent and reducing agent, and thereby vanadium-containing pig iron and vanadium enriched slag are obtained. (2) The vanadium titanium enriched slag is leached in water and filtered, and thereby vanadium-containing solution and titanium slag are obtained. The technical features of the present invention are as below. By the new process of sodium reduction coupling, a new system of low-temperature smelting multiphase reaction separation is constructed. The reduction of iron, sodiumizing of vanadium, and the melting separation process of the vanadium titanium enriched slag and the iron are achieved in one step. Three products, i.e., the vanadium-containing pig iron, the vanadium-containing solution, and the titanium slag are produced. Compared with the conventional "blast furnace-converter" or "direct reduction-melting separation/grinding beneficiation" processes, the present invention has the significant advantages of a short process, a low investment, a low production cost, a reduced environmental pollution, and a high comprehensive recovery rate. A new technology of efficient and comprehensive utilization of vanadium titanium-iron mineral resources is provided, which has a wide application prospect. vanadium-titanium-kon concentrate addition agent, reducing agent roasting vanadium-containing vanadium titanium pig iron" enriched slag vanadium-containing solutions leaching and filtering titanium slag Figure 1

Access network signaling and resource allocation for multicast/broadcast sessions

This disclosure describes an architecture for supporting MBS sessions in a wireless access network. Each of such MBS sessions is flexibly and dynamically delivered by the access network into one or more Point-To-Point (PTP, or unicast) and Point-To-Multipoint (PTM, or multicast) delivery instances. As such, a subset of the UEs participating in the MBS may be configured to receive the MBS session in a PTP-like manner and quality. The architecture further allows for access network level switching of one or more of the UEs participating in the MBS session between the PTP mode and PTM mode. Such switching are effectuated dynamically without involvement of application layer. The resource allocations and configuration for the PTP and PTM delivery instances may be performed in the access network collaboratively between a central unit (CU) and one or more distributed units (DUs). Such collaborative resource allocation and configuration may be effectuated using a novel architecture for the signaling messages between the CU and the DUs.

Methods, apparatus and systems for data segmentation and reassembly in a wireless communication

Methods, apparatus and systems for data segmentation and reassembly in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a transmitter module in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method comprises: segmenting a plurality of data units from a plurality of logical channels into a plurality of data segments at a medium access control (MAC) layer. The plurality of data segments are allocated with a plurality of sequence numbers in sequential order.

Method for extracting palladium

A method for extracting palladium includes: (1) mixing a palladium-containing material with nitric acid and an alkali metal ion-containing catalyst to obtain a mixed solution, heating the mixed solution, and removing a resulting residue to obtain a palladium-containing leaching liquor; and (2) subjecting the palladium-containing leaching liquor obtained in step (1) to separative extraction to obtain metallic palladium or at least one palladium-containing product, and reusing a residual solution for step (1) in a subsequent extraction. The alkali metal ion-containing catalyst of the present disclosure can leach palladium at a higher rate than that when pure nitric acid of the same concentration is used and does not volatilize, such that the recycling of a mother liquor can be realized. The method involves simple operations, has low production costs, greatly shortens the palladium extraction time, does not lead to secondary pollution, and meets the requirements of environmental protection.

Method for cleanly extracting metallic silver

A method for cleanly extracting metallic silver includes: mixing an acidic solution containing Ce4+ and NO3− with a silver-containing material for leaching; after the leaching is completed, carrying out a solid-liquid separation to obtain a leaching solution containing Ce3+ and Ag+; and electrolyzing the leaching solution, wherein an oxidation reaction of Ce′ occurs at an anode to realize a regeneration of Ce4+ and an electrolytic reduction occurs at a cathode to reduce Ag+ to obtain the metallic silver. Ce4+ is used as a leaching agent and an intermediate oxidant to implement a cyclic operation of solution leaching and electrolytic regeneration on the silver-containing material. Almost no NOx and waste liquid are caused by the extraction process, and the invention is clean and environmentally friendly.

Discontinuous reception for multicast and broadcast service

A wireless communication method for use in a wireless terminal is disclosed. The method comprises receiving, from a wireless network node, configuration information associated with a discontinuous reception, DRX, for a multicast broadcast service, MBS, and performing the DRX configured based on the configuration information for the MBS.

Foreign object detection based on transmitter input parameter

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for detecting a foreign object on a wireless power charging region are described. A circuit can detect an object inductively coupled to a wireless power transmitter. The circuit can further measure an input parameter prior to a power transfer stage, the input parameter can be one of an input current and an input power. The circuit can further compare the measured input parameter with a predetermined value. The circuit can further determine whether the object is a foreign object or the wireless power receiver based on a result of the comparison between the measured input parameter with the predetermined value.

Method for converting and separating vanadium, titanium, and iron from vanadium-titanium-iron concentrate in one step

Esillä oleva keksintö koskee menetelmää vanadiinin, titaanin ja raudan konvertoimiseksi ja erottamiseksi vanadiini-titaani-rautarikasteesta yhdessä vaiheessa, johon menetelmään kuuluu seuraavat vaiheet. (1) Vanadiini-titaani-rautarikaste sekoitetaan ja pasutetaan yhdessä lisäysaineen ja pelkistysaineen kanssa, niin että saadaan vanadiinia sisältävää takkirautaa ja vanadiinirikastettua kuonaa. (2) Vanadiini-titaanirikastettu kuona liuotetaan vedessä ja suodatetaan, niin että saadaan vanadiinia sisältävää liuosta ja titaanikuonaa. Esillä olevan keksinnön tekniset piirteet ovat seuraavat. Uudella natriumsuolapasutus- ja pelkistyskytkentäprosessilla saadaan aikaan uusi järjestelmä matalalämpösulatus-monifaasireaktioerotusta varten. Raudan pelkistäminen, natriumin lisääminen vanadiiniin ja vanadiini-titaanirikastetun kuonan ja raudan sulatuserotusprosessi suoritetaan yhdessä vaiheessa. Tuotteina saadaan kolme tuotetta, eli vanadiinia sisältävä takkirauta, vanadiinia sisältävä liuos ja titaanikuona. Verrattuna tavanomaisiin “masuuni-konvertteri” tai “suorapelkistys-sulatuserotus/jauhatusrikastus” - prosesseihin esillä olevalla keksinnöllä on merkittäviä etuja, joita ovat lyhyt prosessi, vähäinen investointi, alhainen tuotantokustannus, vähentynyt ympäristön saastuminen ja korkea kokonaistalteenottoaste. Esiin tuodaan uusi vanadiini-titaani-rautamineraalivarojen tehokas ja kattava hyödyntämisteknologia, jolla on laaja sovellusmahdollisuus.

Methods, apparatus and systems for transmitting data based on asymmetric bandwidth parts

Methods, apparatus and systems for transmitting data based on asymmetric bandwidth parts in a wireless communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication node is disclosed. The method comprises: configuring at least one downlink bandwidth part (BWP) for a wireless communication device, wherein each of the at least one downlink BWP is configured for a downlink transmission to the wireless communication device; configuring at least one uplink BWP for the wireless communication device, wherein each of the at least one uplink BWP is configured for an uplink transmission from the wireless communication device; and configuring a transmission resource on one uplink BWP of the at least one uplink BWP for the wireless communication device to transmit an uplink signal on the transmission resource. The uplink signal indicates a request for activating an associated downlink BWP.

Coordinating voltage and frequency changes in wireless power transfer

A wireless transmitter coordinates changes in the transmitter's input or output voltages with changes in the transmitter's operating frequency to counteract the transmitter's output power changes while changing the voltages. When the voltages are being increased, the output frequency is moved away from the resonant frequency. Consequently, the output power increase due to the increased voltages is restrained by the frequency change. Before or after the voltage increase, increased output power can be obtained by changing the output frequency while the input and output voltages are held constant or near constant. Some embodiments follow similar procedures when reducing the transmitter's input or output voltages. Calibration is performed before power transfer to determine suitable voltage and frequency profiles for voltage change operations. Other features are also provided.

Method for relay communications

A wireless communication method for use in a first wireless terminal is disclosed. The method comprises transmitting, to a second wireless terminal, a message associated with a discovery of a relay terminal, wherein the message comprises information associated with at least one network slice supported by the relay terminal.

界面活性剤組成物

【課題】重合安定性、化学的安定性及び樹脂フィルムの耐水性を向上する。 【解決手段】実施形態に係る界面活性剤組成物は、一般式（１）で表される界面活性剤（Ａ）、及び、界面活性剤（Ａ）とは異なる疎水基を有するアニオン性界面活性剤（Ｂ）を含むものである。Ｒ １ は炭素数８〜１４のアルキル基を表し、Ａは炭素数２〜４のアルキレン基を表し、ｎはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を表し１〜１００の数である。 【化１】 【選択図】なし

Assurance of service continuity by facilitating handovers

Presented are systems, methods, apparatuses, or computer-readable media for facilitating handovers. A first wireless communication node may send, to a second wireless communication node, a handover request message identifying at least one wireless communication device in a user equipment (UE)-to-network relay configuration or an aggregation configuration. The first wireless communication node may receive, from the second wireless communication node, a handover request acknowledgement information identifying the at least one wireless communication device with which a handover is permitted.

Assurance of service continuity by completing handovers

Presented are systems, methods, apparatuses, or computer-readable media for completing handovers. A first wireless communication device may communicate path switch information with a first wireless communication node. The path switch information may include a control protocol data unit (PDU) comprising at least one of: a DRB identifier, an indicator for an uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) direction, a path switch indication, or an indicator for a PDCP encryption or compression algorithm configured by a second wireless communication node.

Adaptive data radio bearer mapping for multicast/broadcast in wireless networks

This disclosure relates to mechanisms for allocating and mapping wireless communication resources for a multicast/broadcast session in a wireless network. In some exemplary implementations, data flows in a multicast/broadcast session may be duplicated and adaptively and dynamically mapped to multiple independent radio bearers, where each of these multiple independent radio beaters may be configured to either multicast the multicast/broadcast data to a group of target user equipments or unicast the multicast/broadcast data to a single user equipment.

Bright pointer for instrument cluster

An instrument display for a vehicle dash includes a unique light source and light guide assembly. The light source is incorporated directly into the light guide. A non-contact magnetic coupling transfers power from a circuit board to the light source. A textured surface is formed on one portion of the external surface of the light guide to evenly illuminate the light guide. Also, surface roughness on an opposing external surface portion of the light guide is varied depending on the length of the light guide to provide similar luminance for light guides having different lengths.

Techniques for sidelink wireless communication

Techniques are described to perform sidelink wireless communication. An example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a first network function of a network device from a second network function of the network device, a request message related to a first communication device, where the request message includes information of a channel to be setup or modified, and where the information includes a second communication device identifier that indicates a second communication device to which the first communication device is configured to setup or modify the channel; and transmitting, by the first network function to the second network function, a response message in response to the receiving the request message.

Adaptive data radio bearer mapping for multicast/broadcast in wireless networks

Handover schemes in multicast broadcast services

Multicast and broadcast service status reporting

Methods, apparatus, and systems that enable reporting of reception status associated with a Multicast and Broadcast Service are disclosed. In one example aspect, a method for wireless communication includes receiving, by a communication device from the network node, configuration information that configures information indicating a reception status of a multicast and broadcast service. Data for the multicast and broadcast service is carried in one or more bearers. The method also includes transmitting, by the communication device, the information indicating the reception status to the network node based on a result the measurement.

Systems and methods for managing multicast and unicast communications

金属パラジウムのクリーン回収方法

【課題】本発明において金属パラジウムのクリーン回収方法を提供する。【解決手段】前記方法は、パラジウム含有原料、Ｃｅ４＋含有酸性溶液、アジュバントを混合させた後浸出反応を実施し、前記浸出反応によりＰｄ２＋含有溶液を獲得するステップと、前記Ｐｄ２＋含有溶液を電解することにより金属パラジウムを獲得するステップとを含む。前記方法は、Ｃｅ４＋を酸化浸出剤として使用し、塩素含有アジュバントによりパラジウム含有原料を浸出する。浸出反応が終わると、Ｃｅ３＋とＰｄ２＋が含まれている浸出溶液を電解することにより、Ｃｅ４＋と金属パラジウムの再生を実現し、回収の過程にＮＯｘと廃棄溶液が生ずることを防止することができる。本発明は、環境に与える影響と製造のコストを大幅に低減し、良好な経済性と応用性を獲得することができる。【選択図】なし

Optimization of transmit and transmit/receive (trx) coils for wireless transfer of power

Configuration of user plane functions for wireless systems

Methods, systems, and devices for configuring user plane functions in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes determining, at a network node, a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions based on at least one of a type of service, a deployment type, a connection mode, one or more capabilities of the network node, or one or more capabilities of a wireless device, and transmitting, to the wireless device, a first control plane message comprising the processing order. Another exemplary method for wireless communication includes receiving, from a network node, a first control plane message comprising information that includes a processing order for processing a plurality of user plane functions, and processing, at the wireless device, a plurality of user plane functions based on the processing order.

Digital Demodulation for Wireless Power

In an embodiment, a semiconductor device is disclosed that includes at least one processing device and firmware including a dynamic demodulation engine. The dynamic demodulation engine, when executed by the at least one processing device, is configured to obtain a digital signal waveform, dynamically select a bit detection method based at least in part on a characteristic of the digital signal waveform, perform demodulation of the digital signal waveform using the selected bit detection method and generate decoded packets based at least in part on the demodulation.

Resource allocation in wireless network

Methods for resource allocation and provisioning in a wireless user equipment for sidelink communication with another wireless user equipment are disclosed. For example, a preemption procedure is implemented for allocating active Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) processes in a MAC layer of the wireless user equipment to efficient transmit or receive transport blocks. The preemption procedure may be based on preemption status parameters and preemption priority parameters associated with various transport blocks competing for the HARQ process resources.

Location update method and apparatus

A wireless communication method includes receiving, by an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, area information, and broadcasting, by the IAB node, the area information.

Lossless handover of multicast broadcast services

Methods, apparatus and systems for wireless communication are described. One method includes receiving, by a network device of a wireless network, an indication to perform N one-to-one mappings, wherein each mapping is between a Quality of Service (QoS) flow and a radio bearer, wherein N is a positive integer and controlling communication in the wireless network according to the indication.

Techniques for managing multicast and broadcast services

Techniques are described for a radio access network (RAN) system to obtain and manage the priority information that indicates priorities of the multicast and broadcast services (MBS). An example wireless communication method includes receiving, by a first network node from a second network node, priority information that indicates a priority of a multicast and broadcast service (MBS), and determining, by the first network, based on the priority indicated by the priority information, a reception priority of the MBS.

Multicast and broadcast service in various radio resource control states

Various arrangements disclosed herein relate to managing Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBSs) in various Radio Resource Control (RRC) states, including a wireless communication device receiving from a network using first signaling specific to the wireless communication device, PTM configuration used for receiving at least one MBS when the wireless communication device is in an RRC-connected state. The wireless communication device receives from the network using second signaling specific to the wireless communication device when the wireless communication device is in the RRC-connected state, indication information indicating that the PTM configuration used for receiving the at least one MBS is obtained from broadcast signaling when the wireless communication device is in an RRC-inactive state.

Techniques for managing multicast and broadcast services

Techniques are described to perform a wireless communication method, comprising receiving, by a communication node, a first information that indicates to a communication node to operate in a point-to-multipoint (PTM) mode to receive multicast and broadcast service (MBS) data; receiving, by the communication node, a second information that indicates to the communication node to not operate in a point-to-point (PTP) mode to receive MBS data; and receiving MBS data by operating the communication node in the PTM mode and not in the PTP mode in response to the first information and the second information.

Electronic device and method of searching data records

A portable electronic device includes a display for displaying results of a search for data records, and a memory for storing a plurality of applications and, for each application of the plurality of applications, respective associated metadata identifying a location of the data records associated with the application, a mapping for associating data in the data records with a unified format utilized by a search client, and an identification of filterable fields and the filtering method. The portable electronic device also includes a processor coupled to the display and to the memory to utilize the metadata stored in association with the plurality of applications to perform a search of the data records and identify a plurality of the data records that accord with the search query to provide search results, and provide the search results in a unified format on the portable electronic device.

Circuits and systems for low power magnetic secure transmission

According to another embodiment, a system includes a driver circuit that drives a first output and a second output; a coil coupled between the first output and the second output such that the driver circuit drives current through the coil in response to control signals; and a programmable slew circuit coupled to the driver circuit. In some embodiments, a switch is coupled between the first output and the coil. In some embodiments an over-voltage protection circuit is coupled to protect the driver circuit.

Method for clean recovery of palladium

A method for clean recovery of palladium is provided, including the following steps: mixing a palladium-containing material, a Ce⁴⁺-containing acidic solution, and an additive, subjecting a resulting mixture to leaching to obtain a Pd²⁺-containing solution, and subjecting the Pd²⁺-containing solution to electrolysis to obtain palladium. In the method, the palladium-containing material is subjected to solution leaching with Ce⁴⁺ as an oxidative leaching agent and a chlorine-containing additive. After leaching is complete, a Ce³⁺ and Pd²⁺-containing leaching liquor is subjected to electrolysis to realize the green regeneration of Ce⁴⁺ and palladium. The method of the present disclosure does not lead to the generation of NOx and waste liquid. The present disclosure can significantly reduce the environmental impact and production cost and has excellent economic benefits and application prospects.

Method and apparatus for performing data packet retransmission in wireless communication system

A method and apparatus for data retransmission in a wireless communication network, specifically, for a data packet generation before retransmission, according to available resources, link status, and the like is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for a data packet retransmission by a wireless communication device, includes: receiving first information from a wireless communication node, wherein the first information comprises a first indicator; and performing a data packet retransmission with a data packet generation according to the indicator.

Techniques for managing multicast and broadcast services

Methods and devices for supporting receiving multicast services in an inactive state

The present disclosure relates to a method for supporting multicast reception for a user equipment, UE, in an RRC_INACTIVE state is disclosed. The method comprises receiving, by a distributed unit, DU, indication information from a central unit, CU, and providing, by the DU, configuration information to the CU. The present disclosure also relates to a method for supporting multicast reception for a user equipment, UE, in an RRC_INACTIVE state. The method comprises receiving, by a UE, a configuration about multicast reception in the RRC_INACTIVE state, and receiving, by the UE, multicast in the RRC_INACTIVE state.

Multicast broadcast service session activation and deactivation in wireless networks

Techniques relating to a multicast broadcast service are described. In one example aspect, the method includes receiving, by a first network node, from a second network node, a third information, and transmitting, by the first network node, a fourth information associated with one or more multicast broadcast service (MBS) sessions.

Techniques for managing multicast and broadcast services

Fremdkörperdetektion auf der grundlage eines sendereingangsparameters

Es werden Systeme, Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zum Detektieren eines Fremdkörpers in einem Drahtlosladebereich beschrieben. Eine Schaltung kann ein Objekt detektieren, das an einen Drahtlosleistungssender induktiv gekoppelt ist. Die Schaltung kann ferner vor einem Energieübertragungszustand einen Eingangsparameter messen, wobei der Eingangsparameter ein Eingangsstrom oder eine Eingangsleistung sein kann. Die Schaltung kann ferner den gemessenen Eingangsparameter mit einem vorgegebenen Wert vergleichen. Die Schaltung kann ferner auf der Grundlage eines Ergebnisses des Vergleichs zwischen dem gemessenen Eingangsparameter und dem vorgegebenen Wert bestimmen, ob das Objekt ein Fremdkörper oder der Drahtlosleistungsempfänger ist.

送信機入力パラメータに基づく異物検査

【課題】ワイヤレス電力充電領域上の異物を検出するシステム、装置及び方法を提供する。【解決手段】異物検出を実施するシステム１００において、コントローラ１０４は、ワイヤレス電力送信機（送信機１０２）に誘導結合された充電領域１２２上の物体（異物１２４）を検出し、電力伝送段階の前に入力パラメータテスト２０２を実行する。入力パラメータは、入力電流ｉｉｎと入力電力Ｐｉｎのうちの１つである。コントローラはさらに、測定した入力パラメータを所定の値と比較し、測定した入力パラメータと閾値などの所定の値との比較結果に基づいて、充電領域１２２上の物体が異物かワイヤレス電力受信機かを判定する。【選択図】図２

Coil design for wireless power transfer

In some embodiments, a transmit coil configuration is provided. A coil configuration for a wireless transmitter according to some embodiments can include a plurality of turns coupled between a first tap coupled to an innermost turn and a second tap coupled to an outermost turn; and at least one adjustment tap coupled to at least one turn of the transmitter coil between the innermost turn and the outermost turn. The transmission coil can include an MST coil coupled to the second tap of the transmission coil. In some embodiments, the MST coil can include a plurality of turns arranged in one of a circle, an oval, an egg shape, or a square shape.

Clean extraction method for metal silver

Mode configuration method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Systems and methods for device-to-device communications

In some arrangements, a first BS (source BS) sends to a second BS (target BS) a handover request including a target cell ID. A remote UE is communicating with the first BS via a first indirect path including a first SL between the remote UE and a first relay UE or a first direct path between the remote UE and the first BS. The target cell ID includes an ID of a serving cell (e. g., serving cell ID or NCGI) of a second relay UE or a serving cell of the direct path. The first BS receives from the second BS a handover response.

Multicast and broadcast service status reporting

Path switch for ue-to-ue relay communication

A wireless communication method for use in a first wireless terminal is disclosed. The method comprises receiving, from a first wireless network node, a sidelink (SL) measurement configuration associated with a user-to-user relay for the first wireless terminal and a second wireless terminal, and transmitting, to the first wireless network node, a measurement report based on the measurement configuration.

Ar condicionado e método para o controle do ar condicionado

A presente divulgação fornece um ar condicionado (100) e um método para controlar o ar condicionado (100). O ar condicionado (100) possui um modo de sopro anti-reto e inclui um alojamento (30), uma primeira placa de guia de ar (10) e uma segunda placa de guia de ar (20). O alojamento (30) tem um orifício de saída, a primeira placa guia de ar (10) é adjacente ao orifício de saída e conectada rotativamente ao alojamento (30) através de um primeiro eixo rotativo (12) no alojamento (30). A segunda placa guia de ar (20) é posicionada rotativamente na passagem de saída de ar.

Multicase broadcast service resource configuration and update

Multicast and broadcast service in various radio resource control states

Various arrangements disclosed herein relate to managing Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBSs) in various Radio Resource Control (RRC) states, including a wireless communication device receives from a network using signaling specific to the wireless communication device, Point-to-Multipoint (PTM) configuration for each of a plurality of MBSs when the wireless communication device is in a RRC-connected state. The wireless communication device transitions from the RRC-connected state to the RRC-inactive state. In response to transitioning to the RRC-inactive state, the wireless communication device receives from the network data for at least one MBS of the plurality of MBSs using the PTM configuration received in the RRC-connected state when the wireless communication device is in an RRC-inactive state.

Multicast and broadcast service in various radio resource control states

Various arrangements disclosed herein relate to managing Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBSs) in various Radio Resource Control (RRC) states, including receiving, by a wireless communication device from a network using signaling specific to the wireless communication device, indication information indicating that Point-to-Multipoint (PTM) configuration for each of a plurality of Multicast and Broadcast Services (MBSs) is obtained from broadcast signaling when the wireless communication device is in an RRC-connected state. The wireless communication device receives from the network the PTM configuration from the broadcast signaling used for receiving the plurality of MBSs when the wireless communication device is in the RRC-connected state.