Method and System for Stabilizing Volatile Radionuclides During Denitration at High Temperatures

Providing a method for eliminating NO x from an input waste form, including waste forms with volatile elements. The method includes adding the input waste form, reducing additives, a fluidizing gas, and mineralizing additives to a fluidized bed reactor. The reactor includes multiple portions and at least one portion is operated in a reducing atmosphere. The bed is operated at temperatures greater than 800° C.

Method for controlling a combustion and/or gasification device

Combustion and/or gasification devices for the thermal utilisation of different solid fuels, and a method for controlling a combustion and/or gasification device for small-size solid fuels with throw-feeding. A combustion and/or gasification device includes at least one combustion or gasification chamber and a grate with at least two grate zones which are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grate. A glowing fire edge is formed in one of the grate zones, especially in the so-called burnout zone.

Fluidized bed system and method for operating fluidized bed furnace

A fluidized bed system includes a first nozzle group that is provided inside a fluidized bed furnace, a second nozzle group that is provided inside the fluidized bed furnace, a first supply section that supplies a gas into the fluidized bed furnace through the first nozzle group, a second supply section that supplies the gas into the fluidized bed furnace through both the first and second nozzle groups, and a control section that controls the second supply section during a start-up operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form a fluidized bed of a fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace, and stops the supply of the gas by the second supply section and controls the first supply section during a normal operation to supply the gas into the fluidized bed furnace to form the fluidized bed of the fluid medium inside the fluidized bed furnace.

FLUID SAND FALLING TYPE CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER WITH A PLURALITY OF RISERS AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers for preventing erosion and corrosion of water tubes and increasing combustion efficiency, and a method of operating the same. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers includes a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected, a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up, and a relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section, wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein. 1. A fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers , comprising:a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected;a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up; anda relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section,wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein.2. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of water tube sections provided on an outer wall and in an internal space of the boiler section and extending in a height direction of the boiler section.3. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of oxidizer injection sections spaced apart from each other in a height direction of the boiler section and further provided in the lower portion of the riser section claim 1 ,wherein each output of the oxidizer injection ...

BED MANAGEMENT CYCLE FOR A FLUIDIZED BED BOILER AND CORRESPONDING ARRANGEMENT

The invention relates to abed management cycle for a fluidized bed boiler, comprising the steps of: a) providing fresh ilmenite particles as bed material to the fluidized bed boiler; b) carrying out a fluidized bed combustion process; c) removing at least one ash stream comprising ilmenite particles from the fluidized bed boiler; d) separating ilmenite particles from the at least one ash stream; e) recirculating separated ilmenite particles into the bed of the fluidized bed boiler. The invention also relates to a corresponding arrangement for carrying out fluidized bed combustion, comprising a fluidized bed boiler comprising ilmenite particles as bed material; and a system for removing ash from the fluidized bed boiler; wherein the arrangement further comprises a separator for separating ilmenite particles from the re-moved ash; and means for recirculating separated ilmenite particles into the bed of the fluidized bed boiler. 1. A bed management cycle for a fluidized bed boiler , comprising the steps of:a) providing fresh ilmenite particles as bed material to the fluidized bed boiler;b) carrying out a fluidized bed combustion process;c) removing at least one ash stream comprising ilmenite particles from the fluidized bed boiler;d) separating ilmenite particles from the at least one ash stream;e) recirculating separated ilmenite particles into the bed of the fluidized bed boiler.2. The bed management cycle of claim 1 , characterized in that the ilmenite particles are separated by magnetic separation and/or electric separation claim 1 , wherein preferably electric separation comprises electrostatic separation.3. The bed management cycle of or claim 1 , characterized in that steps c) claim 1 , d) and e) are carried out multiple times claim 1 , preferably to provide for a continuous recirculation of separated ilmenite particles into the boiler.4. The bed management cycle of any one of - claim 1 , characterized in that the ilmenite particles arei) separated from the at ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OXYGEN CARRIER ASSISTED OXY-FIRED FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION

An oxygen fired fluidized bed combustor system (Oxy-FBC) is provided. The system provides means of producing a nearly pure stream of carbon dioxide for storage at high efficiency by controlling the oxygen content within certain regions of the combustor to control the rate of heat release allowing efficient transfer of heat from the combustor to the boiler tubes while avoiding excessively high temperatures that will cause ash melting, and simultaneously remove sulphur from the combustor via sorbents such as limestone and dolomite. The present invention utilizes a coarse oxygen carrier bed material to distribute heat and oxygen throughout an Oxy-FBC, while injecting fine sulphur sorbent that will continuously be removed from the bed. 1. A process for obtaining heat from combustion of a fuel comprising the steps of:i) providing a combustion chamber comprising a fluidized bed material and means for transferring heat out of the combustion chamber;ii) introducing the fuel and a gas into the combustion chamber;iii) introducing a sorbent into the combustion chamber wherein said sorbent is capable of adsorbing sulphur containing compounds;{'sub': 2', '2, 'iv) producing a gas stream comprising primarily of COand HO by combustion of the fuel; and'} wherein the bed material comprises at least a first material comprising particles having a first minimum transport velocity and a second material comprising particles having a second minimum transport velocity, and wherein the minimum transport velocity of the particles of the first material is greater than the minimum transport velocity of the particles of the second material;', 'wherein the first material comprises an oxygen carrier capable of transferring oxygen to and from the gases in the combustion chamber generated by the localized or distributed partial oxidation of the fuel;', 'wherein the second material comprises the sorbent;', 'wherein the gas introduced into the combustion chamber comprises oxygen and a moderating gas; ...

SUPERCRITICAL CO2 CYCLE COUPLED TO CHEMICAL LOOPING ARRANGEMENT

Systems and methods for coupling a chemical looping arrangement and a supercritical COcycle are provided. The system includes a fuel reactor, an air reactor, a compressor, first and second heat exchangers, and a turbine. The fuel reactor is configured to heat fuel and oxygen carriers resulting in reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers. The air reactor is configured to re-oxidize the reduced oxygen carriers via an air stream. The air stream, fuel, and oxygen carriers are heated via a series of preheaters prior to their entry into the air and fuel reactors. The compressor is configured to increase the pressure of a COstream to create a supercritical COstream. The first and second heat exchangers are configured to heat the supercritical COstream, and the turbine is configured to expand the heated supercritical COstream to generate power. 127.-. (canceled)28. A system for employing a supercritical COcycle , wherein the supercritical COcycle is coupled to a fuel reactor and an air reactor fluidly connected to the fuel reactor , wherein fuel reacts with oxygen carriers in the fuel reactor to form reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers , and wherein the reduced oxygen carriers are oxidized via an air stream in the air reactor to form re-oxidized oxygen carriers and oxygen-depleted air , the system comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a compressor configured to receive a COstream from a COsource, wherein the compressor is configured to increase the pressure of the COstream thereby creating a high pressure supercritical COstream;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first heat exchanger in fluid communication with the compressor and the fuel reactor, the first heat exchanger being configured to receive and heat the supercritical COstream, and being configured to receive at least a portion of the reformed or combusted fuel from the fuel reactor, wherein the energy from the reformed or combusted fuel is used to heat the supercritical COstream;'}{'sub': 2', '2, ...

RECOVERY OF CHEMICALS FROM FUEL STREAMS

Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor. 1300400500600. A fluidized bed reactor ( , , , ) configured to react a fuel in a fluidized bed of bed solids , the reactor comprising:{'b': '301', 'a container () configured to hold the bed of bed solids;'}{'b': 302', '301', '310', '330', '310, 'claim-text': [{'b': '316', 'a fuel inlet () configured to receive the fuel;'}, {'b': '314', 'a LowOx gas inlet () disposed at a first portion of a bottom of the container;'}, {'b': 311', '314, 'a LowOx gas supply () configured to supply an inert and/or less-oxidizing gas to the LowOx gas inlet () to fluidize the bed of bed solids and volatilize the fuel to yield a volatiles stream and a char stream;'}, {'b': '318', 'a volatiles stream outlet () configured to convey the volatiles stream out of the volatilization stage; and'}, {'b': '350', 'a volatiles pressure gauge () configured to measure pressure within the volatilization stage;'}], 'a wall () separating at least a gas phase above the bed in the container () into a volatilization stage () and a combustion stage (), the volatilization stage () including{'b': '330', 'claim-text': [{'b': '334', 'an oxidant inlet () disposed at a second portion of the bottom of the container;'}, {'b ...

Biomass Upgrading System

Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED APPARATUS

The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed apparatus, comprising a combustion chamber (CC) with at least one outlet port (OP) at its upper end (UE) to transfer a mixture of gas and solids from said combustion chamber (CC) into at least one subsequent separator (SP) and from there at least partially back into the combustor chamber, wherein the combustion chamber (CC) is ring-shaped, comprising an inner wall (IW) and an outer wall (OW), arranged at a distance to each other in a radial direction of the combustion chamber (CC), and at least two intermediate walls (SW), which extend between the inner wall (IW) and the outer wall (OW) and in spaced relationship in a circumferential direction of the combustion chamber (CC), thereby subdividing the combustion chamber (CC) into a corresponding number of sections (CO), arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber (CC). 1. A circulating fluidized bed apparatus , comprisinga) a combustion chamber (CC) providing a bottom (GB), which is gas-permeable, at its lower end (LE), to allow development of a fluidized bed (FB) of particulate material above said bottom (GB), and at least one outlet port (OP) at its upper end (UE) to transfer a mixture of gas and solids from said combustion chamber (CC) via said outlet port (OP) into at least one subsequent separator (SP), wherein the separator (SP) is designedb) to allow at least part of said solids, separated from the gas, to pass on to at least one return duct (RD) and from there back into the combustion chamber (CC) or to pass on to at least one solids heat exchanger (SHE) and from there via corresponding recirculation means (RM) back into the combustion chamber (CC), or both, andc) to allow at least part of the gas, separated from the solids, to pass on to at least one subsequent treatment unit for said gas,whereind) the combustion chamber (CC) is ring-shaped, comprising an inner wall (IW) and an outer wall (OW), arranged at a ...

Apparatuses for Controlling Heat for Rapid Thermal Processing of Carbonaceous Material and Methods for the Same

Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a reheater for forming a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater. The inorganic particle cooler comprises a shell portion and a tube portion. The inorganic particle cooler is configured such that the shell portion receives a portion of the heated inorganic particles and the tube portion receives a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the portion of the heated inorganic particles to form partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. 1. An apparatus for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material , the apparatus comprising:a reactor;a reheater in fluid communication with the reactor to receive inorganic heat carrier particles and char, wherein the reheater is configured to form a fluidized bubbling bed that comprises an oxygen-containing gas, the inorganic heat carrier particles, and the char and to operate at combustion conditions effective to burn the char into ash and heat the inorganic heat carrier particles to form heated inorganic particles; andan inorganic particle cooler in fluid communication with the reheater and comprising a shell portion and a tube portion that is disposed in the shell portion, wherein the inorganic particle cooler is configured such that the shell portion receives a portion of the heated inorganic particles and the tube portion receives a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the portion of the heated inorganic particles to form partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tube portion comprises a plurality of tubes each having an ...

Watertube panel portion and a method of manufacturing a watertube panel portion in a fluidized bed reactor

A watertube panel portion for a fluidized bed reactor and a corresponding method. The watertube panel portion includes multiple parallel metal tubes having a tube length L 1 , an outer surface, an original outer diameter OD 1 , and an original wall thickness WT 1 , and a circumferentially extending recess formed in a central portion of each of the tubes, between first and second end portions. The recess has a constant depth D that is less than the wall thickness WT 1 . The recess encircles the outer surface of the central portion of the metal tube. A circumferentially extending metal coating has a constant thickness of at most the depth D of the recess to blanket the recess of each of the multiple metal tubes. A fin is continuously welded between each pair of adjacent tubes.

SPRAY, JET, AND/OR SPLASH INDUCED CIRCULATION AMONG INTEGRATED BUBBLING ZONES IN A BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination. 1400400410410420500700. A fluidized bed reactor ( , ′ , , ′ , , , ) configured to react a fuel in a fluidized bed of bed solids , the reactor comprising:{'b': '303', 'claim-text': [{'b': '312', 'claim-text': [{'b': 314', '312, 'a LowOx gas inlet () disposed at a first portion of a bottom of the container and configured to fluidize the bed solids in the LowOx reaction zone () to create a first bubbling fluidized bed; and'}, {'b': 311', '314, 'a LowOx gas supply () configured to supply an inert and/or less-oxidizing gas to the LowOx gas inlet () to volatilize the fuel to yield a volatiles stream and char; and'}], 'a LowOx reaction zone () comprising, {'b': '332', 'claim-text': [{'b': 334', '332, 'an oxidant inlet () disposed at a second portion of the bottom of the container configured to fluidize the bed solids in the HiOx reaction zone () to create a second bubbling fluidized bed;'}, {'b': 331', '334', '311, 'a HiOx gas supply () configured to supply the oxidant inlet () with a gas that is more oxidizing than that supplied by the LowOx gas supply (), the HiOx gas supply and oxidant inlet configured to combust ...

A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER WITH A LOOPSEAL HEAT EXCHANGER

A circulating fluidized bed boiler is described, comprising a furnace, a loopseal, and a loopseal heat exchanger arranged in the loopseal. The loopseal heat exchanger comprises walls limiting an interior of the loopseal heat exchanger, a first particle outlet for letting out particulate material from the loopseal heat exchanger, an inlet for receiving bed material, heat exchanger tubes arranged in the interior of the loopseal heat exchanger, and a first ash removal channel configured to let out ash from the loopseal heat exchanger. An ash cooler is configured to receive ash from the first ash removal channel. In the loopseal heat exchanger the first ash removal channel is arranged at a lower level than the first particle outlet. 131-. (canceled)32. A circulating fluidized bed boiler , comprisinga furnace,a cyclone for separating bed material from gases,a loopseal, anda loopseal heat exchanger arranged in the loopseal, walls limiting an interior of the loopseal heat exchanger,', 'a first particle outlet for letting out particulate material from the loopseal heat exchanger,', 'an inlet for receiving bed material from the furnace via the cyclone,', 'heat exchanger tubes arranged in the interior of the loopseal heat exchanger,', 'a first ash removal channel configured to let out ash from the loopseal heat exchanger, and', 'an ash cooler configured to receive ash from the first ash removal channel such that the ash is not conveyed via the furnace from the loopseal heat exchanger to the ash cooler,', 'wherein the first ash removal channel is arranged at a lower level than the first particle outlet., 'the loopseal heat exchanger comprising33. The circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 32 , wherein:the walls limit a first compartment comprising the inlet for receiving bed material and a second compartment comprising the heat exchanger tubes,a first wall of the walls separates the first compartment from the second compartment and limits a first channel for conveying bed ...

Apparatuses and Methods for Controlling Heat for Rapid Thermal Processing of Carbonaceous Material

Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reheater for containing a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive a first portion of the heated inorganic particles. The inorganic particle cooler is configured to receive a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the heated inorganic particles to form first partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater and combined with a second portion of the heated inorganic particles to form second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. A reactor is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive the second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CHEMICAL LOOPING COMBUSTION, HAVING A PARTICLE SEPARATOR PROVIDED WITH AN INCLINED INTAKE DUCT

The present invention relates to a device and a method for chemical looping combustion, for which the end of the intake duct () opening out within the chamber of the separator () is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane (H).

METHOD FOR OPERATING A FLUIDIZED BED BOILER

The invention relates to a method for operating a fluidized bed boiler, comprising carrying out the combustion process with a fluidized bed comprising ilmenite particles, wherein the average residence time of the ilmenite particles in the boiler is at least 75 hours. The invention further relates to ilmenite particles obtainable by a corresponding method and the use of said ilmenite particles as oxygen-carrying material. 1. A method for operating a fluidized bed boiler , comprising carrying out the combustion process with a fluidized bed comprising ilmenite particles , wherein the average residence time of the ilmenite particles in the boiler is at least 75 hours.2. The method of claim 1 , characterized in that the average residence time of the ilmenite particles in the boiler is at least 100 hours claim 1 , preferably at least 120 hours claim 1 , further preferably at least 150 hours claim 1 , further preferably at least 200 hours claim 1 , further preferably at least 250 hours claim 1 , further preferably at least 290 hours claim 1 , most preferably at least 300 hours.3. The method of or claim 1 , wherein the average residence time of the ilmenite particles in the boiler is less than 600 hours claim 1 , preferably less than 500 hours claim 1 , further preferably less than 400 hours claim 1 , further preferably less than 350 hours.4. The method of any one of - claim 1 , further comprising:a) removing at least one ash stream comprising ilmenite particles from the boiler;b) separating ilmenite particles from the at least one ash stream.5. The method of claim 4 , characterized in that the ilmenite particles are magnetically separated from the at least one ash stream.6. The method of claim 4 , characterized in that the ilmenite particles are electrically separated from the at least one ash stream claim 4 , preferably by means of an electrostatic separator.7. The method of any one of - claim 4 , characterized in that steps a) and b) are carried out multiple times.8. The ...

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR RECYCLING FLUIDIZED BOILER BED MATERIAL

The invention relates to a system for recycling fluidized bed boiler bed material, comprising: a. a bottom ash removal device for removing bed material from a fluidized bed boiler, b. a mechanical classifier () comprising a mesh size from 200 to 1,000 μm designed to separate a coarse and a fme particle size fraction, c. a magnetic separator () designed to magnetically classify the fine particle fraction from the mechanical classifier, d. a device for recirculating the magnetic particle fraction into the boiler. The invention allows effective recirculation and reuse of ilmenite bed material.

METHODS FOR OPERATING A FURNACE

A method for combusting fuel in the presence of an alkali-containing material may include introducing fuel into a furnace configured to combust the fuel. The method may also include introducing ball clay having a moisture content of at least about 5% by weight into the furnace, and heating at least a portion of the fuel and ball clay, such that at least a portion of the ball clay is at least partially calcined, and the at least partially calcined ball clay adsorbs at least a portion of alkali present in the furnace. 167-. (canceled)68. A method for combusting fuel in the presence of an alkali-containing material , the method comprising:introducing fuel into a furnace configured to combust the fuel;introducing ball clay having a moisture content of at least about 5% by weight into the furnace; andheating at least a portion of the fuel and ball clay, such that at least a portion of the ball clay is at least partially calcined and the at least partially calcined ball clay adsorbs at least a portion of alkali present in the furnace.69. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay has a moisture content ranging from about 5% by weight to about 15% by weight.70. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay has a moisture content ranging from about 8% by weight to about 12% by weight.71. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay comprises lump clay.72. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay comprises clay that has been at least one of shredded and crushed.73. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay comprises non-beneficiated ball clay.74. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay comprises kaolinite.75. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay has a BET surface area of at least about 9 m/g.76. The method of claim 68 , wherein the ball clay has a BET surface area of at least about 15 m/g.77. The method of claim 68 , wherein ball clay comprises clay derived from crude clay having a moisture content of at least about 15%.78. The method of ...

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER WITH BOTTOM-SUPPORTED IN-BED HEAT EXCHANGER

A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler has one or more bubbling fluidized bed enclosures containing heating surfaces and located within a lower portion of the CFB boiler to provide an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX). Solids in the bubbling fluidized bed are maintained in a slow bubbling fluidized bed state by separately controlled fluidization gas supplies. The beds feature open bottom distribution grids with hoppers disposed below to collect solids. The enclosure defining the IBHX is supported from structures below the grids and the enclosure can be supported from the hoppers. 1. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler comprising:a CFB reaction chamber having side walls and an open-bottom grid defining a floor at a lower end of the CFB reaction chamber for providing fluidizing gas into the CFB reaction chamber;at least one bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) located within a lower portion of the CFB reaction chamber and being bound by enclosure walls and the floor of the CFB reaction chamber, with the fluidizing gas feed to the BFB portion of the grid controlled separately from the fluidizing gas feed to the CFB portion of the grid;at least one controllable in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX), the IBHX occupying part of the CFB reaction chamber floor and being surrounded by the enclosure walls of the BFB;bottom-supported hoppers containing dormant solids disposed under the CFB and the BFB;the enclosure walls of the BFB being supported off the bottom-supported hoppers;the enclosure walls of the BFB are of cooled membrane gas-tight design around the perimeter of the BFB, including:at least one top opening for CFB solids influx into the BFB;at least one overflow port for setting the BFB height;at least one underflow port for BFB solids controlled recycle back into the CFB;the gas-tight BFB enclosure extending below the grid to the elevation sufficient for not exceeding a preset percentage of leakage of the fluidizing gas from the BFB into the CFB through the bed of the dormant ...

Cyclone Separator Having Central Cylinder Made Of Non-Metal Refractory Material

A cyclone separator is disclosed. The cyclone separator includes a housing that forms a separation chamber, a central cylinder made of a non-metal refractory material and located inside the housing, and a support structure that supports the central cylinder. The separation chamber is divided by the central cylinder into an outer separation chamber and an inner separation chamber. The separation chamber includes an inlet and an outlet that are in communication with the outer and inner separation chambers, respectively. The support structure comprises a hollowed-out upwardly-arched structure that is connected to an inner wall of the separation chamber by continuous pouring or masonry, with an arch face of the support structure being connected to a lower end of the central cylinder to support the central cylinder. The central cylinder is connected to both the housing and the supporting structure by continuous pouring or masonry. 1. A cyclone separator , comprising:a housing that forms a separation chamber, an inlet of the separation chamber being provided on a side wall of the housing, an outlet of the separation chamber being provided on a top end of the housing;a central cylinder located inside the housing, the central cylinder dividing the separation chamber into an outer separation chamber and an inner separation chamber, the outer separation chamber being in communication with the inlet, the inner separation chamber being in communication with the outlet; anda support structure located inside the housing for supporting the central cylinder, the support structure being a hollowed-out upwardly-arched structure radially provided on an inner wall of the separation chamber, an arch face of the support structure being connected to a lower end of the central cylinder, the central cylinder is made of a non-metal refractory material, resistant to wearing and deformation under high temperature,', 'an upper end of the central cylinder is connected to an inner side of the top ...

MACROPOROUS OXYGEN CARRIER SOLID WITH A REFRACTORY FELDSPAR/FELDSPATHOID, METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF IN A CHEMICAL-LOOPING OXIDATION-REDUCTION METHOD

The invention relates to an oxygen carrier solid, its preparation and its use in a method of combustion of a hydrocarbon feedstock by active mass chemical-looping oxidation-reduction, i.e. chemical-looping combustion (CLC). The solid, which is hi the form of particles, comprises an oxidation-reduction active mass composed of metal oxide(s) dispersed in a ceramic matrix comprising at least at least one feldspar or feldspathoid with a melting point higher than 1500° C., such as celsian, and has, initially, a specific macroporous texture. The oxygen carrier solid is prepared from a precursor of the ceramic matrix, obtained from a macroporous zeolitic material with zeolite crystals of a specific size, and a precursor of the oxidation-reduction active mass. 1. An oxygen carrier solid in the form of particles for a process for chemical looping redox combustion of a hydrocarbon feedstock , comprising:a redox active mass constituting between 5% and 75% by weight of the oxygen carrier solid, the redox active mass comprising a metal oxide or a mixture of metal oxides and being capable of transporting oxygen in the chemical looping redox combustion process;a ceramic matrix within which the redox active mass is dispersed, the ceramic matrix constituting between 25% and 95% by weight of the oxygen carrier solid, and the ceramic matrix comprising between 60% and 100% by weight of at least one feldspar or feldspathoid having a melting point above 1500° C. and between 0% and 40% of at least one oxide;a porosity such that:the total pore volume of the oxygen carrier solid, measured by mercury porosimetry, is between 0.05 and 0.9 ml/g,the pore volume of the macropores constitutes at least 10% of the total pore volume of the oxygen carrier solid;the size distribution of the macropores within the oxygen carrier solid, measured by mercury porosimetry, is between 50 nm and 7 μm.2. The oxygen carrier solid as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the total pore volume of the oxygen carrier solid is ...

SUPERCRITICAL CO2 CYCLE COUPLED TO CHEMICAL LOOPING ARRANGEMENT

Systems and methods for coupling a chemical looping arrangement and a supercritical COcycle are provided. The system includes a fuel reactor, an air reactor, a compressor, first and second heat exchangers, and a turbine. The fuel reactor is configured to heat fuel and oxygen carriers resulting in reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers. The air reactor is configured to re-oxidize the reduced oxygen carriers via an air stream. The air stream, fuel, and oxygen carriers are heated via a series of preheaters prior to their entry into the air and fuel reactors. The compressor is configured to increase the pressure of a COstream to create a supercritical COstream. The first and second heat exchangers are configured to heat the supercritical COstream, and the turbine is configured to expand the heated supercritical COstream to generate power. 1. A system for coupling a chemical looping arrangement and a supercritical COcycle , the system comprising:a fuel reactor having a fuel inlet configured to receive fuel from a fuel source and a carrier inlet configured to receive oxygen carriers, wherein the fuel reactor is configured to react the fuel with the oxygen carriers resulting in reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers;an air reactor in fluid communication with the fuel reactor, the air reactor having an air stream inlet configured to receive an air stream from an air source, wherein the air reactor is configured to receive the reduced oxygen carriers from the fuel reactor and to re-oxidize the reduced oxygen carriers via the air stream resulting in oxygen-depleted air, wherein the air reactor is configured to transport a first portion of the re-oxidized oxygen carriers back to the fuel reactor;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'a compressor having a COinlet configured to receive a COstream from a COsource, wherein the compressor is configured to increase the pressure of the COstream thereby creating a high pressure supercritical COstream;'}{'sub ...

Fast fluidized bed reactor and method of operating the reactor

A fast fluidized bed reactor, comprising an upright reaction chamber for containing a bed of granular material, the chamber having a cylindrical upper region and a lower region; a feeder for feeding matter into the lower region; apparatus for supplying pressurized air to the reaction chamber to fluidize the granular material in the circulating regime, whereby a portion of the granular material is entrained into the upper region; apparatus for tangentially supplying pressurized air to the upper region, the second stream of air being supplied, and the reactor being constructed, in a manner to provide a Swirl number of at least 0.6 and a Reynolds number of at least 18,000 in the upper region, thereby creating a cyclone of turbulence; apparatus for separating the granular material and the reaction gases exiting from the reaction chamber and returning the separated granular material to the lower region; a second fluidized bed fluidized in the bubbling regime and situated in the lower region adjacent a partition formed in the lower region for partitioning the circulating fluidized bed from the second fluidized bed, the second fluidized bed fluidizing the granular material separated from the reaction gases and the partition being situated to permit a portion of the granular material from the second fluidized bed to overflow into the circulating bed; and a heat exchanger immersed in the second fluidized bed.

Fluidized bed combustor having integral solids separator

A circulating fluidized bed furnace (10) is disclosed wherein a non-cyclonic particulate separator (18) is integrally disposed in the flue gas flow path between the furnace gas outlet (14) and the flue gas duct (16). The separator (18) comprises an arcuate duct (20 ) having a curvilinear inner wall (24), the portion thereof which is disposed across the inlet to the flue gas duct (16) having a plurality of openings (28) therein which provide a flow area through which a portion of the flue gas pass into the flue gas duct (16). Gas/solids separation is accomplished as the flue gas turns sharply from its arcuate path to pass through the openings (28) in the inner wall (24). The momentum of the particulate solids and the centrifugal forces acting thereon prevent the solids from sharply turning and cause the solids to continue on their arcuate flow path through the duct (20) in the remaining flue gas to a solids collection means (40) opening to the solids outlet (26) of the arcuate duct (20).

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

Patent DE3640377C2

Method for operating a circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system

Circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system

The present invention is related to a circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system (1) using coal or biomass as raw material and comprising a combustion/gasification reactor (2); a cyclone (3) which is in connection with the reactor (2) in order that solid particles are separated from gas flow; a downcomer (4) which is in connection with the reactor (2) and the cyclone (3), extends along the reactor (2), and enables solid particles captured by the cyclone (3) to be sent to the combustion/gasification reactor (2) again; a distributing plate (5) which is in connection with the reactor (2) and performs primary gas supply to the system (1) homogeneously; at least one conduit which is positioned parallel to the downcomer (4); an ejector (7) which is positioned on the downcomer (4) vertically, comprises at least one nozzle (6) spraying pressurized gas towards the reactor (2), and creates a solid column (b) between the reactor (2) and the cyclone (3) by creating vortexes (a) on account of the fact that the pressurized gas sprayed by means of the said nozzle (6) spreads to the environment from the nozzle located on the downcomer (4) in order to prevent counter flow of particle and gas that may occur towards the downcomer (4) and the cyclone (3) from inside the reactor (2).

Circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system

The present invention is related to a circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system ( 1 ) using coal or biomass as raw material and comprising a combustion/gasification reactor ( 2 ); a cyclone ( 3 ) which is in connection with the reactor ( 2 ) so as to seperate solid particles from gas flow; a downcomer ( 4 ) which is in connection with the reactor ( 2 ) and the cyclone ( 3 ), extends along the reactor ( 2 ), and enables solid particles captured by the cyclone ( 3 ) to be sent to the combustion/gasification reactor ( 2 ) again; a distributing plate ( 5 ) which is in connection with the reactor ( 2 ) and provides primary gas supply to the system ( 1 ) homogeneously; at least one conduit which is positioned parallel to the downcomer ( 4 ); an ejector ( 7 ) which is positioned on the downcomer ( 4 ) vertically, comprises at least one nozzle ( 6 ) spraying pressurized gas towards the reactor ( 2 ).

METHOD AND MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF A RECYCLED FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Fluidized-bed reactor and its operational process

Method and apparatus for operating a fluidized bed reactor

Process and apparatus for treating particulate solids in a fluidized bed

Der mit dem Gas aus dem Wirbelbettreaktor (20) ausgetragene und in einem Abscheider (14) abgetrennte Feststoff wird über eine Rückführeinrichtung (11) in den Reaktor zurückgeführt. Zur Vermeidung von aufgrund der innerhalb des Reaktors herrschenden Druckverhältnisse verursachten Störungen bei der Rückführung wird der Druck in der Rückführeinrichtung zwischen Abscheider und oberer Begrenzung des in der Rückführeinrichtung sich bildenden Feststoffbetts (13) durch Gasabsaugung auf ein Niveau abgesenkt, das nicht höher liegt als der tiefste Druck im Abscheider, der wiederum tiefer liegt als der Druck im Reaktor. The solid discharged with the gas from the fluidized bed reactor (20) and separated in a separator (14) is returned to the reactor via a return device (11). In order to avoid disturbances in the return caused by the pressure conditions prevailing in the reactor, the pressure in the return device between the separator and the upper limit of the solid bed (13) formed in the return device is reduced to a level by gas extraction which is not higher than the lowest Pressure in the separator, which in turn is lower than the pressure in the reactor.

一种进行热解的方法和一种热解设备

一种进行热解的方法和一种热解设备。该热解设备包括一个基本上封闭的热解器(4)、一个用于将可热解燃料提供到至热解器(4)的供给进口、一个用于将颗粒形式的热床物质从热解器取出的出口、一个或多个用于将从要被热解的燃料中分离出来的可冷凝的气体物质从热解器排出的排出出口(6)、一个用于将可冷凝的气体物质冷凝为热解油的冷凝器(8)、一条用于将可冷凝的气体物质从热解器(4)的出口转移到冷凝器(8)的管线(7)。用于在热解器(4)中保持热解条件的装置包括一个用于将颗粒形式的热床物质提供到热解器的进口和用于向热解器提供流化气体的装置(5)。热解器(4)为一个直接与鼓泡流化床蒸发器的炉子(1)连接的容器，经由此容器布置流化床物质，使其在进口和出口之间循环。将用于提供流化气体的装置(5)在热解器(4)的进口(11)和出口(12)之间的区域分隔开，使得其产生了流化气体相对于所述床物质和所述燃料的转移方向(S)的横向流动。

一种尾部竖井烟道分离装置及多流程循环流化床

本发明公开了一种尾部竖井烟道分离装置及多流程循环流化床，包括水平并列设置且依次相连形成M形折流式物流通道的一燃室、二燃室、三燃室和尾部竖井烟道，尾部竖井烟道下部一侧设置有烟气出口通道。尾部竖井烟道中沿着烟气流向设置有至少包括首级换热器和末级换热器的两级以上换热器，每级换热器之后设置有导流板构成的导流凸起结构，设置在尾部竖井烟道内壁面。尾部竖井烟道底部设置有一侧倾斜的灰斗，末级换热器和烟气出口通道之间设置有折流装置，包括设置在烟气出口通道入口侧的折流板和设置在灰斗倾斜侧的百叶窗式板槽。使灰斗内形成折返式物料分离通道。本发明具有结构紧凑、回收飞灰热量及调控密相区温度等优点。

Способ проведения пиролиза и устройство для проведения

1. Способ проведения пиролиза с использованием бойлера с пузырьковым псевдоожиженным слоем, в котором твердое топливо в форме частиц подают в пиролизное усройство (4), а условия проведения пиролиза в пиролизном устройстве поддерживают таким образом, чтобы отделить конденсируемые материалы от топлива притом, что температуру, необходимую для проведения пиролиза, достигают, по крайней мере, частично за счет твердого материала псевдоожиженного слоя бойлера, циркулирующего в пиролизном устройстве (4) и сжижаемого в пиролизном устройстве ожижающим газом, а конденсируемые газообразные вещества, отделяемые от топлива, направляют из пиролизного устройства (4) в конденсер (8), где их выделяют в жидком виде в качестве так называемого пиролизного масла, отличающийся тем, что материал псевдоожиженного слоя и топливо движутся внутри пиролизного устройства (4) в поперечном направлении по отношению к потоку сжижающего газа. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что материал псевдоожиженного слоя и топливо движутся первоначально горизонтально между впускным отверстием (11) и выпускным отверстием (12) пиролизного устройства, сжижающий газ подают снизу материала псевдоожиженного слоя, а конденсируемые вещества выпускают вместе с сжижающим газом поверх материала псевдоожиженного слоя. ! 3. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что запирание газа в пиролизном устройстве формируют одновременно с псевдоожиженным слоем. ! 4. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что материал псевдоожиженного слоя подают непосредственно из камеры сгорания (1) бойлера с псевдоожиженным слоем через входное отверстие (11) в смежной стенке между камерой сгорания и пиро� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2009 112 065 (13) A (51) МПК C10B 49/22 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2009112065/05, 01.04.2009 (71) Заявитель(и): Метсо Пауэр Оы (FI) (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 31.03.2008 FI 20085261 (43) Дата публикации заявки: ...

流化床反应器反应方法及流化床反应器

一种在循环流化床反应器内进行的反应方法。包含固体反应物料、尤其是含碳燃料的固体颗粒物料，被引入反应器下部，借助于引入到反应器底部的、含气体反应物料尤其是氧气的流化气体，形成一快速床，而未反应颗粒从反应器顶部移出，再循环至床中。一种流化床反应器，包括一垂直反应器室(1)，在反应器室下部(2)的第一进口(9)和反应器底部的第二进口(22)，分别用来引入固体颗粒物料和流化气体，在反应器室上部(4)有一出口管(28)，移出反应器物料。

Fluidized-bed reactor and its operation process

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Foerbraenningsanlaeggning

Fast fluidized bed reactor

In a fast fluidized bed reactor having, in a lower region, downwardly and inwardly inclined walls, a change in the direction of the wall surface or a ledge or protrusion is provided to change the direction of the particles flowing downwardly adjacent the wall for directing the particles inwardly away from the wall and into the region acted on by the nozzles providing the fluidizing gas. The change of direction, abutment or projection is preferably provided along the refractory wall surface at an elevation 200-1100 mm above the grid plate. In this manner, clogging of the nozzles is prevented and more efficient and effective fluidization and combustion processes occur.

超临界低热值循环流化床锅炉的给水指令构建方法

一种超临界低热值循环流化床锅炉的给水指令构建方法，本发明属于超临界低热值循环流化床锅炉的给水控制技术领域，目的是解决传统的煤水比控制的方法存在着不能够实现给煤量与给水量的正确配合，既浪费燃料，又不能使超临界循环流化床锅炉机组达到最佳工作状态的技术问题，它包括：锅炉焓增修正系数形成的步骤；稳态给水指令形成的步骤；燃料调整给水指令形成的步骤；石灰石调整给水指令形成的步骤；给水流量指令形成步骤；本发明充分考虑了炉膛燃烧过程中石灰石的加入对燃烧工况的影响，能够及时准确的将炉膛燃烧过程中石灰石的加入对燃烧工况的影响反馈到给水指令中，实现煤量与给水量的正确配合，使超临界低热值循环流化床机组达到最佳的工作状态。

Horizontal cyclone separator for fluidized bed reactor

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

一种循环流化床富氧燃烧系统及富氧燃烧方法

一种循环流化床富氧燃烧系统及富氧燃烧方法，系统包括：循环流化床本体(10)，用于第一燃料的燃烧并产生高温含灰烟气；烧嘴(20)，用于接收高温含灰烟气、第二燃料以及烧嘴风，以使第二燃料在所述高温含灰烟气和烧嘴风的作用下气化，生成气化燃料；第二燃烧室(30)，用于接收气化燃料以及四次风，以使气化燃料燃烧，产生第二烟气；再循环回路，用于将部分所述第二烟气作为再循环烟气送入所述循环流化床本体(10)。解决了加压带来的第一燃烧室(11)受热面布置不足的问题、避免了局部超温的问题、降低了循环流化床富氧燃烧系统的NOx排放，同时通过在循环流化床本体和第二燃烧室喷入石灰石进行两级脱硫，提高了脱硫效率。

Boiler with circulating fluid bed

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to boiler with circulating fluid bed. Boiler comprises furnace for combustion of carbon-bearing fuel and exhaust channel communicated with furnace top to remove smoke fumes and solids formed in combustion therefrom. Exhaust channel is furnished with parts separator connected with channel to transfer smoke fumes cleaned of solids from the boiler and with return channel to transfer separated solids into furnace bottom. Said return channel is provided with gas seal, heat exchange chamber, lift channel and bypass channel. Note here that effluent solids from gas seal are directed into heat exchange chamber top section and from chamber bottom via lift channel, or directly from chamber top via bypass channel, into the furnace. Boiler is provided also with downward discharge tube jointed with lift channel. Note here that said tube is intended for streamwise communication with lift channel top section and furnace bottom section. Aforesaid bypass channel is directly communicated with downward discharge tube top section. EFFECT: compact design, efficient heat exchange. 14 cl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 459 659 (13) C1 (51) МПК B01J 8/38 (2006.01) F23C 10/10 (2006.01) F22B 31/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011122640/05, 06.11.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 06.11.2009 (72) Автор(ы): КАУППИНЕН Кари (FI), КИННУНЕН Пертти (FI) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ФОСТЕР ВИЛЕР ЭНЕРГИЯ ОЙ (FI) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 06.11.2008 FI 20086055 (45) Опубликовано: 27.08.2012 Бюл. № 24 2 4 5 9 6 5 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2300415 C2, 10.06.2007. WO 2007/128883, 15.11.2007. US 6923128 B2, 02.08.2005. US 7194983 B2, 27.03.2007. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 06.06.2011 2 4 5 9 6 5 9 R U (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2010/052372 ( ...

一种锅炉热烟气点火装置

本发明公开了一种锅炉热烟气点火装置，包括顺次相连的储油罐、油过滤器、供油泵、热风炉，热风炉设置有人孔门和窥视孔，热风炉入口设置有电弧点火器和油燃烧器，热风炉出口设置有热电偶且热风炉通过管道与等压风室相连，管道设置有风量计，等压风室顶部设置有循环流化床燃烧室，等压风室和循环流化床燃烧室之间顺次设置有下层布风板和上层布风板，下层布风板为水平的平板状，上层布风板与下层布风板的间隙D自上层布风板的两侧向中心递增，下层布风板上均匀设置有下层点火底料层且上层布风板上均匀设置有上层点火底料层，上层点火底料层的底料颗粒大于下层点火底料层的底料颗粒，循环流化床燃烧室设置有温度传感器。减少点火时间。

Method of reduction of evolution of contained in flue gases formed in combustion of nitrogen-containing fuels in fluidized bed reactors

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: amount of released from fluidized bed reactor is reduced through introduction of additives forming hydrogen radicals (for example, addition of natural gas or alcohol) in decomposition into flue gases escaping from fluidized bed. Sufficient amount of oxygen is fed to flue gases either through introducing additives or through creating excess of oxygen in combustion chamber so that additives forming hydrogen radicals in decomposition react with oxygen of air increasing temperature of flue gases from 700-900 C to 950-1100 C, thus reducing formation of by about 10-90 %. Additives may be injected either before cyclone used for separation of dust particles from flue gases or before superheater of convective section or into combustion chamber before gas turbine. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 11 cl, 3 dwg Ь9591$560сС ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2 093 755 ' (51) МПК 13) Сл Е 23 © 5/30 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 92016342/03, 15.04.1991 (30) Приоритет: 17.04.1990 Ш$ 07/509.373 (46) Дата публикации: 20.10.1997 (56) Ссылки: ЕР, заявка, 0176293, кл. Е 23 С 11/02, 1986. (71) Заявитель: А.Альстрем Корпорейшн (Е1) (72) Изобретатель: Матти Хилтунен[Р1, Иэм Ии Ли[НК], Эрик Джеймс Оукс[Ц$] (73) Патентообладатель: А.Альстрем Корпорейшн (Е!) (54) СПОСОБ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ №0 В ДЫМОВЫХ ГАЗАХ, ОБРАЗУЮЩИХСЯ ПРИ СЖИГАНИИ АЗОТОСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ВИДОВ ТОПЛИВА В РЕАКТОРАХ С ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ (57) Реферат: Количество выделений №0 из реактора, работающего с псевдосжиженным слоем, уменьшают путем введения добавок веществ, образующих при разложении водородные радикалы (например, добавлением таких видов топлива, как природный газ или спирт), к потоку дымовых газов, выходящих из псевдосжиженного слоя. Достаточное количество кислорода подают в дымовые газы или путем введения добавок, или путем создания избытка кислорода в камере сгорания так, чтобы добавка веществ, образующих ...

Circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus

본 발명의 일 실시예는 순환유동층 연소로에서 회의 배출이 연속적으로 이루어지거나 주기적으로 이루어지는 경우에도 항상 원활한 회의 배출이 가능하고, 회의 배출지연 배출로 인한 배출홀 또는 배출관의 막힘이나 클링커의 생성을 방지하도록 한 순환유동층 연소장치를 제공하는 것으로, 본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 순환유동층 연소장치는, 순환유동층 연소로를 포함하여 연료 및 순환입자를 순환하며 연소하는 순환유동층 연소장치로서, 상기 순환유동층 연소로의 내측 하부에 제공되어 상기 순유동층 연소로 내부에 순환유동층을 형성하도록 공기를 분사하는 다수의 노즐이 구비된 공기분산부; 상기 공기분산부에 제공되며 상기 순환유동층 연소로에서 연소된 회가 배출되는 배출부; 상기 배출부의 일측에 제공되어 상기 회의 미배출작업시 상기 회를 상승 유동시키는 공기를 주입하는 저회유동부;를 포함한다. In one embodiment of the present invention, even when the discharge of ash is continuously or periodically made in the circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace, smooth ash discharge is always possible and prevents clogging of the discharge hole or discharge pipe or generation of clinker due to the discharge of the ash discharge delay. To provide a circulating fluidized bed combustion device, the circulating fluidized bed combustion device according to an aspect of the present invention is a circulating fluidized bed combustion device that circulates and burns fuel and circulating particles, including a circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace, wherein the circulating fluidized bed combustion An air dispersion unit provided on an inner lower portion of the furnace and provided with a plurality of nozzles for spraying air to form a circulating fluidized layer inside the net fluidized bed combustion furnace; An exhaust unit provided in the air dispersion unit and discharged ash burned in the circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace; And a low ash flow part provided on one side of the discharge part and injecting air for upwardly flowing the ash during the non-discharge operation of the meeting.

减轻固体粒子悬浮物有害组分对传热表面的腐蚀的方法与装置

一种用于减轻固体粒子悬浮物的有害组分对流化床反应器中传热室传热表面的腐蚀的方法与装置。按照本发明设置有稀释室(16),其具有在系统中循环的固体粒子床(16′),稀释室设置在传热室(18)上游的粒子流中以便钝化所述固体粒子流中有害于传热表面(46)的杂质和/或从中将杂质分离出去。固体粒子从反应器室经由稀释室排入传热室,以便从固体粒子流中清除有害组分。

환열성 및 전도성 열전달 시스템

환열성 및 전도성 열전달 시스템(10,10')은 다수의 재생 고체(24,24')로부터 열 전도에 의해 열전달면에 전달된 결과로서 열전달면(32,32')을 통해 흐르는 "작동 유체"의 열전달 시스템(10,10')의 제 2 부분(20,20') 내에서 가열을 실행하는 작용을 한다. 다수의 재생 고체(24,24')는 환열에 의해 열전달 시스템(10,10')의 제 1 부분(12,12') 내에서 내부 발생 열원 또는 외부 발생 열원(22,22')으로부터 자신의 열을 끌어낸다. 열전달, 환열, 전도, 재생고체, 가열.

Air distribution device and circulating fluidized bed boiler

本发明涉及锅炉领域，公开了一种布风装置和一种循环流化床锅炉，所述布风装置包括风室，所述风室中设置有至少一个隔墙，以将所述风室分隔为多个子风室，每个所述子风室均包括与该子风室单独连通的风道，并且每个所述风道上均设置有用于控制该风道开度的风门；所述循环流化床锅炉包括炉膛和位于所述炉膛的下方并与所述炉膛连通的布风装置，所述布风装置为根据本发明的布风装置。本发明的布风装置能够区域化控制风压从而使风压控制更精确，并且包括所述布风装置的循环流化床锅炉更有利于控制布风均匀性和流化均匀性，同时还有利于实现炉床温度均匀性控制。

가스의 압력을 상승시키는 방법 및 장치

본 발명은 발전소(2)에 있는 압축기(8)에 공급되는 공기 질량 유동(m)이 유동 분할기(20)에서 더 작은 부분 유동(t1) 및 더 큰 부분 유동(t2)으로 세분되는 방법에 관한 것이다. 더 작은 부분 유동(t1)은 공기 냉각기(22)와 승압기(24)를 경유하여 이젝터(30)에 공급된다. 더 큰 부분 유동(t2)은 상기 이젝터(30)의 흡입 라인으로 공급된다. 두 개의 부분 유동(t1, t2)은 이젝터(30)에서 결합된다. 이젝터(30)의 유출구에서 결합된 질량 유동(m')은 발전소(2)의 다양한 부품(36, 42, 46)에서 가압 공기로서 이용될 수 있다.

Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment external recycle heat exchanger

A fluidized bed combustion system and method in which a recycle heat exchanger is located adjacent the furnace section of the recycle heat exchanger. Heat exchange surfaces are provided in one compartment of the heat exchanger for removing heat from the solids, and a bypass compartment is provided through which the solids directly pass to the furnace during start-up and low load conditions. A separate cooling compartment for the separated solids is disposed in the recycle heat exchange and valves are provided to selectively control the flow of solids between compartments.

귀환 덕트에 가스 밀봉부를 제공하고/하거나 순환하는 유동상 반응기내에 순환질량유동을 제어하기 위한 방법 및 장치(Method and apparatus for providing a gas seal in a return duct and/or controlling the circulation mass flow in a circulating fluidized bed reactor)

슬롯형의 수직귀환 덕트(16)내에 제공된 CFB반응기에 가스밀봉부를 제공하고, 그 안의 순환질량의 유동을 조절하기 위한 방법 및 장치. 상기 가스 밀봉부(22)가 귀환덕트의 제한구역내에 2개 상이한 레벨상의 격벽수단(22,24,26)을 배치함으로써 형성되어서 상기 제한구역을 통과하는 순환질량의 유동을 지연시킨다. 상기 제한 구역을 통과하는 순환하는 질량의 유동은 제한구역내에 유동화 가스(56,58,60)를 주입함에 의하여 조절된다.

Fluidized bed heat exchanger and corresponding incineration device

연소기(C)로부터 유래된 고체의 흐름이 입구 개구(18)를 경유하여 열교환기(10)로 들어가고 열교환 영역(40)을 통과하며 출구 개구(48)를 경유하여 상기 열교환기(10)를 떠나도록, 서로 배치된 적어도 하나의 상기 입구 개구(18), 상기 열교환 영역(40) 및 적어도 하나의 상기 출구 개구(48)를 포함하는 유동층 열교환기로서, 상기 입구 개구(18)는 런너(20)의 상부에 배치되고, 상기 런너(20)는 상기 열교환기의 상부 섹션으로부터 상기 열교환기(10)의 바닥 섹션(16r)을 향하여 하방으로 연장하고 상기 바닥 섹션(16r)에 근접하여 종료하며, 이로써 상기 런너(20)를 통하여 상기 고체의 하방으로 향하는 흐름을 허용하고, 상기 런너(20)는 상기 바닥 섹션(16r)에 근접한 그 단부에서 개방되고, 이로써 상기 고체가 상기 런너(20)를 떠나서 적어도 하나의 열교환 영역(40)으로 흘러가도록 하는 적어도 하나의 통로(TR)를 제공하고, 상기 열교환 영역은 상기 런너(20)에 인접하여 배치되며 유동층 바닥(16c)이 제공되며, 상기 출구 개구(48)는 상기 열교환기(10)의 상부에 배치되고 상기 적어도 하나의 열교환 영역(40)으로부터 연장하는, 유동층 열교환기. The flow of solids derived from the combustor (C) enters the heat exchanger (10) via the inlet opening (18), passes through the heat exchange area (40) and leaves the heat exchanger (10) via the outlet opening (48). A fluidized-bed heat exchanger comprising at least one of the inlet openings 18, the heat exchange zone 40 and at least one of the outlet openings 48, wherein the inlet opening 18 is a runner 20 Disposed on top of, the runner 20 extends downward from the upper section of the heat exchanger toward the bottom section 16r of the heat exchanger 10 and ends close to the bottom section 16r, whereby Allows flow of the solid downward through the runner 20, the runner 20 is open at its end proximate the bottom section 16r, whereby the solid leaves the runner 20 and at least Provides at least one passage (TR) to flow into one heat exchange area (40), the heat exchange area is disposed adjacent to the runner (20) and provided with a fluidized bed bottom (16c), the outlet opening (48) ) Is disposed on top of the heat exchanger (10) and extends from the at least one heat exchange area (40).

순환유동층 연소장치

본 발명의 일 실시예는 순환유동층 연소로에서 회의 배출이 연속적으로 이루어지거나 주기적으로 이루어지는 경우에도 항상 원활한 회의 배출이 가능하고, 회의 배출지연 배출로 인한 배출홀 또는 배출관의 막힘이나 클링커의 생성을 방지하도록 한 순환유동층 연소장치를 제공하는 것으로, 본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 순환유동층 연소장치는, 순환유동층 연소로를 포함하여 연료 및 순환입자를 순환하며 연소하는 순환유동층 연소장치로서, 상기 순환유동층 연소로의 내측 하부에 제공되어 상기 순유동층 연소로 내부에 순환유동층을 형성하도록 공기를 분사하는 다수의 노즐이 구비된 공기분산부; 상기 공기분산부에 제공되며 상기 순환유동층 연소로에서 연소된 회가 배출되는 배출부; 상기 배출부의 일측에 제공되어 상기 회의 미배출작업시 상기 회를 상승 유동시키는 공기를 주입하는 저회유동부;를 포함한다.

Valve for controlling solid phase in fluidized layer with high reliability

FIELD: machine engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reactor structures comprising a circulating fluidized layer and one or more bubbling fluidized layers, and also to non-mechanical valves to selectively control the flow of solid phase particles moving between zones with a slow bubbling layer and zones with highly fluidized circulating layers. The non-mechanical valve comprises a partition wall separating the two sections, an opening in the partition wall, independently adjustable fluidizing means arranged upstream or downstream relative to the opening, connected to the fluidizing medium supplying means and configured to selectively control the flow of the particulate solid phase passing through the opening, collectors connected to independently controlled fluidizing means, enabling the collection of any solid phase particles entering the fluidizing means so that the accumulated solid phase does not interfere with the supply of the fluidizing medium to the fluidizing means, and independently controlled solid phase removal means located upstream or downstream relative to the opening, designed to remove the solid phase and agglomerates. EFFECT: improved control of local fluidization and operation of non-mechanical valves. 36 cl, 10 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 627 866 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015118310, 27.08.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.08.2013 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ТЕ БАБКОК ЭНД ВИЛКОКС КОМПАНИ (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 17.10.2012 US 13/653,636 (45) Опубликовано: 14.08.2017 Бюл. № 23 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2011/0073049 A1, 31.03.2011. US 5365889 A, 22.11.1994. US 2006/0000143 A1, 05.01.2006. RU 2459659 C1, 27.08.2012. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 18.05.2015 (86) Заявка PCT: US 2013/056724 ...

Fuel combustion plant

FIELD: circulating-fluid-bed combustion plants. SUBSTANCE: plant has furnace whose lower part accommodates grate 10 for producing fluidized bed, at least one hard-particle separator incorporating device for cleaning stack gases from solid materials, so-called return channel 6a for conveying solid material back to fluidized bed communicating with gas flap that functions to prevent gas flow ingress under certain conditions from grate towards solid- particle separator. Gas flap K1 has closed bottom 14 or counterpart with cover 11 or counterpart above it provided with holes or counterparts, compartment 13 or counterparts, vertical wall of return channel 6a with holes 15a between bottom 14 and cover 11 and abutting the compartment. Solid material is conveyed through channel 6a, holes in cover 11 to compartment 13 wherefrom it is passed to fluidized bed on grate 10 through holes 15a in wall of return channel 6a. EFFECT: improved design. 14 cl, 4 dwg 09$13890с% ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВО ‘”” 2068 150‘ 13) СЛ 50 МК | 23 С 11/02 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 5011545/06, 10.04.1992 (30) Приоритет: 11.04.1991 ЕП 911734 (46) Дата публикации: 20.10.1996 (56) Ссылки: 1. Авторское свидетельство СССР М 1343183, кл. Е 2ЗЕ 1102, 1987. 2. Авторское свидетельство СССР М 1525403, кл. Е 23С 110.2, 1989. (71) Заявитель: Тампелла Пауэр Ой (Р!) (72) Изобретатель: Паси Салонен[ЕП (73) Патентообладатель: Тампелла Пауэр Ой (Ё!) С1 (54) УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ СЖИГАНИЯ (ВАРИАНТЫ) (57) Реферат: Использование: изобретение касается вариантом установки для сжигания топлива с циркуляционным кипящим слоем. Сущность: варианты содержат топку, в нижней части которой установлена для образования кипящего (псевдоожиженного) слоя решетка 10, по крайней мере, один сепаратор твердых частиц, содержащий устройства очистки дымовых газов от твердого материала, так называемый канал возврата ба твердого материала в кипящий слой и соединенную с ним ...

Fluidized bed combustion system including liquid magnet

액체 자석을 포함하는 유동층 연소 시스템이 개시된다. 구체적으로, 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 유동층 연소 시스템은 그 내부에 액체 자석(LM)을 포함하는 연소실(100); 상기 연소실(100)의 외측면을 감싸는 솔레노이드 코일(410); 및 상기 솔레노이드 코일(410)에 전류를 인가하는 전원 장치(420);를 포함한다. A fluid bed combustion system is disclosed that includes a liquid magnet. Specifically, the fluidized bed combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 100 including a liquid magnet (LM) therein; A solenoid coil 410 surrounding the outer surface of the combustion chamber 100; And a power supply device 420 for applying a current to the solenoid coil 410.

Contain the burning of alkali fuel

一种燃烧含有低熔点碱性组分(如碱金属盐)的 固体燃料，特别是褐煤和盐褐煤的方法。将燃料送入 循环流化床反应器的反应室，该燃料在送入反应室之 前先与反应物料混合，该反应物料在燃烧期间能与燃 料中低熔点的碱性组分反应，生成高熔点碱金属化合 物。反应室中的温度保持在低于所生成的碱金属化 合物的熔点。反应物料包括：氧化硅或下列金属的氧 化物或氢氧化物，这些金属包括：铝、钙、镁、铁、钛和 其两种或多种这些金属的混合物。特别是当Al/ (Na+K)的摩尔比至少为1.0时，高岭土是最有效 的。

Improved exchanger transferring heat from solid particle andmethod thereof

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Circulating fluidised bed with secondary air supply nozzles to furnace chamber

FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering and can be used in boilers with circulating fluidised bed. A boiler includes a reaction chamber where boiling fluidised bed is contained in a casing in the lower part of the reaction chamber and includes a heat exchanger in the bed that occupies some part of the bottom of the reaction chamber. A set of nozzles for supply of secondary air in the bed includes a set of tubes, which are grouped together and pass through width of boiling fluidised bed between the wall of the boiling fluidised bed casing and an external wall of the circulating fluidised bed. Nozzles prevent deviations of solid particles falling down onto boiling fluidised bed from circulating fluidised bed by means of secondary air jets, thus, avoiding a complex structure that would interfere with flow of gas and/or solid particles in the furnace chamber. Outlet holes of nozzles are located flush or almost flush with the boiling fluidised bed casing wall. EFFECT: improvement of the structure. 7 cl, 5 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК F23C 10/00 (11) (13) 2 537 482 C2 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2010139129/06, 23.09.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 23.09.2010 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.03.2012 Бюл. № 9 (73) Патентообладатель(и): БЭБКОК ЭНД УИЛКОКС ПАУА ДЖЕНЕРЕЙШН ГРУП, ИНК. (US) R U 30.09.2009 US 12/571,279 (72) Автор(ы): МАРИАМЧИК Михаил (US), АЛЕКСАНДЕР Киплин К. (US), ГОДДЕН Марк К. (US), КРАФТ Давид Л. (US) (45) Опубликовано: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 C1, 09.02.1995. SU 1746129 A1, 07.07.1992. US 6542905 B2, 18.03.2003. UA 42091 C2, 15.10.2001 2 5 3 7 4 8 2 R U (54) ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИЙ ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫЙ СЛОЙ С СОПЛАМИ ДЛЯ ПОДАЧИ ВТОРИЧНОГО ВОЗДУХА В ТОПОЧНУЮ КАМЕРУ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к энергетике и может кипящего псевдоожиженного слоя и внешней быть использовано в ...

Apparatus for burning carbonaceous material in a fluidized bed reactor

A method and apparatus for burning carbonaceous materials in a fluidized bed reactor comprising a bottom region and a top region, and containing a fluidized bed, with the heat of combustion being dissipated at least via wall cooling surfaces, and comprising a recirculation system, including a labyrinth separator for recirculating the separated solids to the bottom region of the fluidized bed reactor. The solids are separated from the rising flow of flue gas by the labyrinth separator, which is disposed directly in the top region of the fluidized bed reactor, and are conveyed in the reactor itself along the wall cooling surfaces and are supplied to the bottom region of the reactor, either freely or in closed or partly or completely open recirculation passages. The main area of application is with a steam generator.

Method and device for controlling the temperature of a reaction carried out in a fluidized bed

Method and a device for controlling the temperature of a reaction carried out within a vessel in a fluidized bed containing solid particles which can be entrained with the smoke and then recovered in a separating device and recycled into the fluidized bed after passage through a heat exchanger where they yield up their heat. The flow of particles separated from the smoke is divided into two parts, a hot part recycled directly into the fluidized bed and a cool part constituted by particles taken up at the outlet of the separating device and passed into the heat exchanger to constitute a reserve of cold material which can be mixed with the hot part before reinjection into the fluidized bed, the relative flow rates of the hot particles and of the cold particles being regulated so as to control the flow-rate and the average temperature of the flow of particles recycled into the fluidized bed for maintaining at the desired level the reaction temperature in the midst of the latter.

Separating device for separating solid particles from the gas stream of a fluidized bed

The invention concerns a device for separating solids particles from a gas flow of a circulating fluid bed reactor (1), the solids particles being conveyed in this gas flow. Means are provided which influence the gas flow such that centrifugal and gravitational forces which are greater than the gas flow entrainment forces act on the solids particles, so enabling particles of a given minimum size to be separated from the gas flow. According to the invention, the structure of the circulating fluid bed plant is rendered particularly compact in that the gas flow leaving the circulating fluid bed reactor (1) passes to a flow duct (4) which guides said flow about a horizontal cyclone axis (16) on a circular arc (17) in the downward direction. From here, the gas flow is delivered to a transfer duct (7) suitable for conveying it further. In the vertical direction the flow duct (4) merges into a separation chamber (15) which widens in corresponding manner at the bottom and in which the separated solids particles drop to the bottom.

Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same

A rapid thermal processing system includes an inorganic heat carrier particles reheater coupled to an inorganic particle cooler. For example. inorganic heat carrier particles may be cooled in a shell and tube inorganic particle cooler by indirect heat exchange with a cooling medium. The cooled inorganic heat carrier particles may then be supplied to a reactor to transfer heat to carbonaceous material.

Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material

Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reheater for containing a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive a first portion of the heated inorganic particles. The inorganic particle cooler is configured to receive a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the heated inorganic particles to form first partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater and combined with a second portion of the heated inorganic particles to form second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. A reactor is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive the second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same

Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reactor, a reheater for forming a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater. The inorganic particle cooler comprises a shell portion and a tube portion. The inorganic particle cooler is configured such that the shell portion receives a portion of the heated inorganic particles and the tube portion receives a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the portion of the heated inorganic particles to form partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

Fluidized bed combustor having integral solids separator

公开了一种循环流化床加热炉10，非旋风式颗粒分离器18整体配置于炉子烟气出口14和烟气管道16间的烟气流内，它包括具有曲线形内壁24的弧形导管20。跨接于进口和烟气管道间的管段具有许多开口28，形成流通区，部分烟气通过该区流入烟气管道。当烟气从其弧形流道上急转通过开口时，便完成了烟气和固体颗粒的分离。颗粒动量及其离心力阻止它急转弯，使它继续顺剩余烟气在流道上行进，经导管流到跟弧形导管颗粒出口26连通的颗粒收集器40。

Fuel drying and combustion plant

Изобретение относитс  к установкам дл  сушки и сжигани  бурого угл . Цель изобретений - повышение экономичности. Установка дл  сушки и сжигани  топлива, преимущественно бурого угл , содержит топку 1 кип щего сло , подключенную к газоходу 17 через сепаратор 2 уноса в виде выносного циклона с течкой сепарата, а также к линии 18 подачи сжижающего воздуха и трубопроводу 19 отвода части материала кип щего сло . К последнему подключены сушилка 3 кип щего сло , соединенна , в свою очередь, с лини ми 20-22 подачи ожи- жающего газа и линией 23 отвода отработанного газа, теплообменники 6.1 - 6.3 с греющими и нагреваемыми сторонами и пы- леотделитель 4. Течка сепарата заведена выпускным концом сверху в сушилку 3 под уровень ее сло . Лини  23 через нагреваемую сторону теплообменника 6.1 и пылеот- делитель 4 подключена к греющей стороне теплообменника 7, включенного нагреваемой стороной в линию подачи сжижающего воздуха в топку, а также к кип щему слою сушилки 3 через патрубок, дополнительно установленный в ее днище с возможностью вертикального перемещени  и взаимодействи  с выпускным концом течки сепаратора 2 с образованием клапана дл  регулировани  расхода сепарата. 2 ил. (Л С The invention relates to installations for drying and burning brown coal. The purpose of inventions is to increase efficiency. The plant for drying and burning fuel, mainly brown coal, contains a fluidized bed furnace 1 connected to the gas duct 17 through the entrainment separator 2 as an external cyclone with a chute separator, as well as to the liquefying air supply line 18 and the pipeline 19 for removing part of the boiling material lay A boiling bed dryer 3 is connected to the latter, connected in turn with lines 20-22 of supply of liquefied gas and line 23 of exhaust gas removal, heat exchangers 6.1–6.3 with heating and heated sides and a dust separator 4. Separate Leak wound up by the discharge end on top of the dryer 3 under the level of its layer Line 23 through the heated side of the heat ...

Combustion-supporting method of circulating fluidized bed boiler

一种循环流化床锅炉的助燃方法，属于锅炉助燃技术领域。其特征在于：在循环流化床锅炉的燃烧室（10）的顶部和连接燃烧室（10）与循环回炉（11）的通道内设助燃设备（15）；将过氧化氢水溶液/水间歇式喷入燃烧室（10）顶部的腔室内，喷射频率为5~24次/min；所述的过氧化氢水溶液的质量浓度为20%~50%，所述的过氧化氢水溶液的喷入量为：燃烧室（10）内每加入一吨煤矸石喷入0.5L~1.2L过氧化氢水溶液。适量的过氧化氢水溶液/水经高温分解能够产生分散的微爆燃，能够将吹至此处的煤粉充分燃烧，提高煤炭的利用率，获得更高的热量。

A control scheme for large circulating fluid bed steam generators(cfb)

본 발명은 대형 순환 유동층 증기 발생기(CFB; 2)의 온도를 직접적으로 제어하며, 대형 순환 유동층 증기 발생기(CFB; 2)의 최종 증기 과열 온도 및 대형 순환 유동층 증기 발생기(CFB; 2)의 최종 증기 재가열 온도를 독립적으로 제어(70, 72, 28a, 30a, 32a, 34, 36; 74, 28b, 30b, 32b, 34, 36)하는 대형 순환 유동층 증기 발생기(CFB; 2)용 제어 시스템에 관한 것이다. The present invention directly controls the temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generator (CFB) 2, the final steam superheat temperature of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generator (CFB) 2 and the final steam of the large circulating fluidized bed steam generator (CFB) 2 A control system for a large circulating fluidized bed steam generator (CFB) 2 that independently controls the reheat temperature (70, 72, 28a, 30a, 32a, 34, 36; 74, 28b, 30b, 32b, 34, 36). .

Apparatus amd methods for operating a fluidized bed reactor

내용 없음. No content.

Immersed heat transfer tube for fluidized-bed boiler

The present invention relates to an in-layer heat transfer pipe formed in a fluidized bed of a fluidized-bed boiler for burning fuel such as RDF (waste solidifying fuel) or waste containing high heat amount including biomass or plastic and recovering combustion heat. The in-layer heat transfer pipe of the fluidized-bed boiler is disposed in the fluidized bed 3 of the fluidized bed boiler 1. The in-layer heat transfer pipe 5 has a water pipe 6 through which the fluid flows, And a filling layer 7 provided between the water pipe 6 and the protector 8. The protector 8 is provided on the outer circumference side of the water pipe 6 to protect the water pipe 6. [

Fluidized bed combustion system having an improved pressure seal

본 발명은 유동층의 노 영역 및 분리 영역 사이에 개선된 압력시일이 제공되는 유동층 연소 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것으로, The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion system and method in which an improved pressure seal is provided between a furnace zone and a separation zone of a fluidized bed. 한 개의 노, One Rowing, 상기 노내에서 가연성 미립자 물질의 유동층을 만들기 위한 수단, Means for making a fluidized bed of combustible particulate material in the furnace, 상기 노내의 상기 유동층으로부터 연도가스와 비말동반된 미립자 물질의 혼합물을 수용하고 상기 연도가스로부터 상기 미립자 물질을 분리하기 위한 분리수단, Separating means for receiving a mixture of flue gas and entrained particulate material from the fluidized bed in the furnace and separating the particulate material from the flue gas, 상기 분리된 미립자 물질을 수용하기 위해 상기 분리 수단으로부터 뻗은 제 1 도관 수단, First conduit means extending from said separating means to receive said separated particulate matter, 상기 제 1 도관 수단을 상기 노로 연결하는 제 2 도관 수단, 및 Second conduit means for connecting said first conduit means to said furnace, and 노로부터의 압력 변동을 감소시키고 유체 미립자 물질의 상기 제 2 도관 수단을 통한 흐름을 원할하게 하기 위해 상기 제 2 도관 수단내에서 상대적으로 농후한 유동층과 상대적으로 희박한 유동층을 각각 만들기 위한 수단을 포함하며, Means for respectively reducing a relatively thick fluidized bed and a relatively lean fluidized bed in the second conduit means to reduce pressure fluctuations from the furnace and to facilitate the flow of fluid particulate material through the second conduit means; , 상기 노로부터 상기 분리 수단으로의 상기 분리된 미립자 물질의 역류를 방지하기 위한 압력시일을 만들기 위해 상기 제 1 도관 수단내에서 상기 미립자 물질이 집결되는 것을 특징으로 한다. And wherein said particulate material is collected in said first conduit means to produce a pressure seal for preventing back flow of said separated particulate material from said furnace to said separating means.

A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler systems

本发明公开了一种循环流化床锅炉系统，包括炉膛及设置于炉膛底部的炉膛床面，炉膛床面连通有用于鼓风的一次风风室，炉膛的顶部连通有用于分离高温烟气的分离器装置，分离器装置的底部与炉膛底部连通；炉膛侧壁的下部设置有二次风进口，二次进风口与炉膛床面之间的炉膛侧壁上设置有用于补充燃料粉料的燃料入口。煤粉通过燃料入口直接落在床面上堆积形成燃烧的密相区避免直接被进风吹入分离器难以形成有效燃烧的问题，令煤粉燃烧更加充分的进行，并通过分离器的循环作用，提升燃烧的彻底性，以及炉内燃烧环境的可控性，减少废气排放中的有害物的含量，以解决现有的循环流化床锅炉难以满足低排放高效燃烧的新型技术要求等的技术问题。

Method and apparatus for transporting solid particles from one chamber to another chamber

유동상 반응기 (예컨데 순환유동상 반응기)에서 입자들은 반응기챔버(10)로부터 배출된 다음 처리챔버(16)에서 냉각된다. 열은 이들로부터 회복된다. In a fluidized bed reactor (eg a circulating fluidized bed reactor) the particles are discharged from the reactor chamber 10 and then cooled in the processing chamber 16. Heat is recovered from them. 이것은 제1수준의 반응기챔버로부터 비계적인 실 또는 분류벽을 통하여 리프팅챔버(14)로 입자들을 배출시킴으로써 특히 이로운 방법으로 달성된다. 리프팅챔버에서 상방으로 유동하는 가스는 입자를 부유시켜 이들을 처리챔버로 상승시킨다. 이들을 처리한후, 처리챔버의 입자는 제1수준보다 높은 수준의 반응기챔버로 복귀되고, 이 위치에서 처리챔버의 압력은 반응기챔버의 압력보다 높다. 입자는 리프팅챔버의 바닥(38)으로부터 더 큰 입자를 배출하면서 소정크기보다 작은 고체입자를 처리챔버로 이송시키기 위해 유동화가스를 이용함으로써 리프팅챔버에서 분류될 수 있다. This is achieved in a particularly advantageous way by discharging the particles from the first level reactor chamber to the lifting chamber 14 through the scaffolding chamber or fractionation wall. The gas flowing upwards in the lifting chamber floats the particles and raises them into the processing chamber. After treating them, the particles in the treatment chamber are returned to the reactor chamber at a level higher than the first level, where the pressure in the treatment chamber is higher than the pressure in the reactor chamber. Particles can be sorted in the lifting chamber by using a fluidizing gas to deliver solid particles smaller than a predetermined size to the treatment chamber while discharging larger particles from the bottom 38 of the lifting chamber.

A kind of organic heat carrier CFBB

本发明涉及节能工业锅炉技术领域，具体涉及一种有机热载体循环流化床锅炉。其特征是：包括循环流化床炉体组件、高温烟气沉降净化室、有机热载体换热系统。解决了工业锅炉技术领域中受热面金属受携带颗粒物的高速烟气冲刷而磨损的普遍性难题，能够使用有机热载体为热载体介质的循环流化床锅炉，同时使相关工业锅炉的使用寿命大大延长。

Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler

분리기에 의해 배가스로부터 분리되는 고체 입자들로부터 회수되는 열의 양을 조절할 수 있는 순환 유동층 보일러가 개시된다. 본 발명의 순환 유동층 보일러는 연료가 유동화 및 연소되는 연소로, 상기 연료의 연소로 인해 발생되는 배가스 및 고체 입자들을 상기 연소로로부터 받아 상기 고체 입자들을 상기 배가스로부터 분리하는 분리기, 및 상기 분리기에 의해 상기 배가스로부터 분리된 상기 고체 입자들을 상기 연소로로 복귀시키는 리턴 시스템을 포함한다. 상기 리턴 시스템은 상기 분리기로부터 공급되는 상기 고체 입자들과 냉각 매체 사이에 열교환이 이루어지는 열교환부, 상기 열교환부 내로 유동화 가스를 공급하는 가스 공급부, 및 상기 열교환부에서 냉각된 상기 고체 입자들이 상기 연소로로 복귀하는 통로를 제공하는 복귀 파이프를 포함한다. 본 발명의 순환 유동층 보일러는 상기 열교환의 양에 따라 상기 열교환부에 공급되는 상기 냉각 매체의 양을 조절하는 제어부를 더 포함한다. A circulating fluidized bed boiler is disclosed that is capable of regulating the amount of heat recovered from solid particles separated from flue-gas by a separator. The circulating fluidized-bed boiler of the present invention includes a separator for separating the solid particles from the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace, the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel, and the solid particles from the combustion furnace, And a return system for returning the solid particles separated from the exhaust gas to the combustion furnace. The return system includes a heat exchanging unit for performing heat exchange between the solid particles supplied from the separator and the cooling medium, a gas supplying unit for supplying the fluidizing gas into the heat exchanging unit, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > a < / RTI > The circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention further includes a control unit for controlling the amount of the cooling medium supplied to the heat exchanging unit according to the amount of heat exchange.

Be used for operating fluidized bed reactor equipment and method

一流化床反应器，具一对旋风式分离器，该对旋风式分离器接收废气连同所夹带固体颗粒，该固体颗粒是在分离器中从废气中分离开后流入流化分配导管中。被分离的颗粒流分成两股颗粒流，而流化空气被导入通道中。然后将被流化的分离的颗粒经由竖直导管传输到反应器燃烧室中，竖直导管又与将燃料室连接到通道中被流化的分离颗粒的朝下倾斜导管相连。朝下倾斜导管大体上等间距地沿燃烧室的横向宽度分布，使混有燃料的被分离的固体颗粒在燃烧室中均匀分布。

Method and apparatus for transferring solid particles from one yarn to another

2개의 실(室) 사이 한 구획내에 유동 밀봉부(seal) 또는 제어가능한 고체 유동 밸브 또는 둘모두를 설치함으로써 고체 입자들이 (예를들면 유동상 반응기의 연소실과 같은) 제1실로부터 (예를들면 이송 및/또는 처리 실과 같은) 인접 제2실로 이송된다. 제1실로부터 2실까지 다수의 고체 유동으로서 고체 입자들을 이송시키기 위하여 이송가스가 제1실로 도입된다. 다수의 좁은 통로들이 구획벽에 상호의 위에 겹쳐져서 배치되고 0.5미만의 높이 대 길이비와 50mm미만의 높이를 가지며, 구획내의 고체 유동밀봉부 및 제어 가능한 고체 유동 밸브로서 동작한다. 상기 이송가스는 제1실의 기저부를 통하여 도입될 수 있고, 측벽은 구획벽의 반대편에 위치하고, 상기 구획은 내화 라이닝 가열 중에 소각되어버리는 연소 물질로 이루어진 내화라이닝내의 통로들을 가진 제1실 근처의 내화물로 라이닝될 수 있다. 상기 통로들은 또한 제1실로부터 제2실까지 대략 15° 정도로 약간 상향으로 경사질수 있다. By installing a flow seal or a controllable solid flow valve or both in one compartment between the two seals, solid particles are removed from the first chamber (e.g., such as the combustion chamber of a fluidized bed reactor). For example, to an adjoining second chamber (such as a conveying and / or processing chamber). A conveying gas is introduced into the first chamber to transport the solid particles as a plurality of solid flows from the first chamber to the second chamber. Multiple narrow passageways are placed on top of each other in the partition wall and have a height to length ratio of less than 0.5 and a height of less than 50 mm and act as a solid flow seal within the compartment and a controllable solid flow valve. The conveying gas can be introduced through the base of the first chamber, the side wall is located opposite the partition wall, and the compartment is located near the first chamber with passages in the refractory lining made of combustion material which are incinerated during refractory lining heating. It can be lined with refractory. The passages can also be inclined slightly upwards by approximately 15 ° from the first chamber to the second chamber.

Method of gas seal and/or control of flow of circulating mass in reactor with circulating liquefied layer and device for realization of this method

FIELD: burning fuel and conducting various processes. SUBSTANCE: reactor is provided with vertical slot-like passage 16. Gas seal 20 is formed by positioning partitions 22, 24 and 26 at two levels in regulating zone of return passage which retard flow of mass circulating through regulating zone. Flow of circulating mass in regulating zone is regulated through injection of liquefying gas into regulating zone by means of injectors 56, 58 and 60. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 20 cl, 7 dwg ГОДУб Ос ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) ВИ” 2 094 701 ' 13) СЛ 50 МК | 23 С 11/02 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 94046062/06, 18.05.1993 (30) Приоритет: 21.05.1992 Е| 922319 (46) Дата публикации: 27.10.1997 (56) Ссылки: СВ, 2160119, кл. Е 27 В 15/16, 1985. (86) Заявка РСТ: Е! 93/00208 (18.05.93) (71) Заявитель: Фостер Вилер Энергия Ой (Е!) (72) Изобретатель: Тимо Хюппянен[ЕР! (73) Патентообладатель: Фостер Вилер Энергия Ой (2) С1 (54) СПОСОБ ГАЗОВОГО УПЛОТНЕНИЯ И/ИЛИ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПОТОКА ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩЕЙ МАССЫ В РЕАКТОРЕ С ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИМ ОЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ И УСТРОИСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Использование: способ и устройство уплотнения в обратном канале реактора ожиженного слоя могут применяться для сжигания топлива и проведения различных процессов. Сущность изобретения: способ и устройство газового уплотнения в реакторе с циркулирующим ожиженным слоем, который снабжен вертикальным щелеобразным каналом 16, и для регулирования потока циркулирующей в нем массы. Газовое уплотнение 20 образовано путем расположения перегородочных средств 22, 24 и 26 на двух уровнях в регулирующей зоне обратного канала, которые замедляют поток циркулирующей массы через регулирующую зону. Поток циркулирующей массы в регулирующей зоне регулируют путем впрыскивания ожижающего форсунками газа 56, 58 и 60 в регулирующую зону. 2 с. и 18 3. п. Ф-ЛЫ, Г ИЛ. 19 к | _| 2094701 ИК ку ГОДУб Ос ПЧ ГЭ КУЗЗАМ АСЕМСУ ГОК РАТЕМТ$ АМО ТКАОЕМАКК$ ...

Method and apparatus for reducing emission of n2o when burning nitrogen containing fuels in fluidized bed reactors

유동상으로부터 배출되는 연도 가스에 수소 라디칼 제공 첨가제(예컨대, 천연 가스나 알콜같은 수소 함유 연료)를 첨가하여 유동상 반응기로부터 배출되는 N 2 O의 양을 감소시킨다. N 2 O 생성이 10-90% 감소되도록 연도 가스 온도를 상승(예컨대, 약 700-900℃ 에서 950-1100℃ 로)시켜 첨가제와 산소와 반응할 수 있게, 첨가제와 함께 또는 연소실로 과량의 산소를 공급하여 연도 가스중에 충분한 산소가 존재하도록 한다. 첨가제는 가스로부터 입자를 분리시키는 사이클론 내 또는 바로 그 앞, 또는 대류부의 과열기 바로 앞이나, 가스 터빈 바로 앞의 연소실로 분사될 수 있다. Hydrogen radical providing additives (eg, hydrogen containing fuels such as natural gas or alcohols) are added to the flue gas exiting the fluidized bed to reduce the amount of N 2 O emitted from the fluidized bed reactor. Excess oxygen into the combustion chamber or with additives to allow the flue gas temperature to rise (eg, from about 700-900 ° C. to 950-1100 ° C.) such that N 2 O production is reduced by 10-90%. Is supplied to ensure that sufficient oxygen is present in the flue gas. The additives may be injected into the combustion chamber in or just before the cyclone separating the particles from the gas, just in front of the convection superheater, or just in front of the gas turbine.

Fluidized bed combustor

본 발명은 RDF 연료를 전용으로 사용하면서, 열회수 효율을 향상시킨 유동층 연소 보일러에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 유동층 연소 보일러는 RDF 연료를 전용으로 사용하는 유동층 연소 보일러로서, RDF 연료를 유동매체 및 공기와 혼합 연소시키는 유동층 연소로와; 상기 유동층 연소로에서 연소된 유동매체 및 연소 가스를 배기시키는 제 1 배기관과; 상기 제 1 배기관에 연결되어 상기 유동매체를 연소 가스와 분리시키는 싸이클론과; 상기 싸이클론에 연결되어 분리된 유동매체를 상기 유동층 연소로로 순환시키는 루프실과; 상기 싸이클론에 연결되어 분리된 연소 가스를 배기시키는 제 2 배기관과; 상기 제 2 배기관에 연결되어 상기 연소 가스의 열을 회수하는 열 회수탑을 포함하고, 상기 유동층 연소로의 내벽에는 상기 유동층 연소로 내부의 열을 회수하는 제 1 수관이 내장된다. 상기 루프실은 상기 싸이클론에 연결되어 유동매체가 유입되는 유입부와; 상기 유입부에서 분기되어 구획된 제 1 구획부 및 제 2 구획부로 이루어지고, 상기 제 1 구획부는 상기 유동매체를 상기 유동층 연소로로 순환시키기 위하여 상기 유동층 연소로로 연결되며, 상기 제 2 구획부는 상기 유동매체의 열을 회수하기 위하여 외부 열교환기와 연결되고, 상기 외부 열교환기는 상기 유동층 연소로로 연결된다. The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion boiler that improves heat recovery efficiency while using RDF fuel exclusively. The fluidized bed combustion boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention is a fluidized bed combustion boiler using RDF fuel exclusively. A fluidized bed combustor configured to combust and combust the fluidized medium and air; A first exhaust pipe for exhausting a fluid medium and combustion gas combusted in the fluidized bed combustion furnace; A cyclone connected to the first exhaust pipe to separate the fluid from the combustion gas; A loop chamber connected to the cyclone to circulate the separated fluid medium into the fluidized bed combustion furnace; A second exhaust pipe connected to the cyclone to exhaust the separated combustion gas; And a heat recovery tower connected to the second exhaust pipe to recover heat of the combustion gas, wherein a first water pipe is installed on an inner wall of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to recover heat inside the fluidized bed combustion furnace. The roof chamber is connected to the cyclone and the inlet for the flow medium flows; And a first compartment and a second compartment partitioned from the inlet, the first compartment being connected to the fluidized bed combustor for circulating the fluidized ...

A CIRCULATING PSEUMO-LIQUIDED LAYER WITH NOZZLES FOR SUPPLYING SECONDARY AIR TO A FURNACE CHAMBER

1. Котел с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем, содержащий ! реакционную камеру циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя, имеющую боковые стенки и решетку, ограничивающую под на нижнем конце реакционной камеры циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя, для обеспечения псевдоожижающего газа в реакционную камеру циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя; ! кипящий псевдоожиженный слой, расположенный в нижней части реакционной камеры циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя и ограниченный внешней стенкой (стенками) реакционной камеры циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя, подом реакционной камеры циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя и стенкой (стенками) кожуха, образованной охлаждаемыми трубами, которые проходят вверх от пода циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя до высоты кипящего псевдоожиженного слоя; ! по меньшей мере, один поддающийся регулированию теплообменник в слое, причем теплообменник в слое содержит нагревающуюся поверхность, занимает часть пода реакционной камеры циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя и является окруженным стенками кожуха кипящего псевдоожиженного слоя; и ! по меньшей мере, одно сопло для подачи вторичного воздуха в топочной камере, образованное посредством охлаждаемых труб которые образованы, по меньшей мере, в одной группе, которая проходит от верхней части стенки кожуха кипящего псевдоожиженного слоя через ширину кипящего псевдоожиженного слоя до достижения внешней стенки циркулирующего псевдоожиженного слоя. ! 2. Котел с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем по п.1, в котором, когда трубы, образующие, по меньшей мере, одно сопло для подачи вторичного воздуха в топочной камере, дос� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2010 139 129 (13) A (51) МПК F23C 10/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010139129/06, 23.09.2010 (71) Заявитель(и): БЭБКОК ЭНД УИЛКОКС ПАУА ДЖЕНЕРЕЙШН ГРУП, ИНК. (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 30.09.2009 US 12/571,279 R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Котел ...

Separator and heat exchange chamber unit and method of installing the unit and boiler with circulating fluidized bed with a separator and heat exchange chamber unit

The invention relates to an assembly of a top-supportable particle separator module (14) and a heat exchange chamber module (16), a circulating fluidized bed boiler (10) with such an assembly and a method of in-stalling such an assembly, wherein the particle separator comprises a 5cylindrical upper portion (20), a conical lower portion (24) and a lower end (26) that is sealably connectable to the top surface of the heat ex-change chamber module, the particle separator module (14) being provided with 2N vertically aligned steam tubes (46) attached to the cylindrical upper portion (20), wherein each of the 2N vertically aligned steam 10tubes (46) is attached to one of N first beams so that each of the N first beams is suspended to hang in horizontal position at a predetermined level (50) between the cylindrical upper portion and the lower end (26), and the heat exchange chamber module (16) is provided with N second beams (56, 56') attached in horizontal position to the top surface (60) of 15the heat exchange chamber module, wherein the heat exchange chamber module (16) is arranged to be suspended from the particle separator module (14) by having each of the N second beams (56, 56') suspended by two adjacent beams of the N first beams (52, 52').

Circulating fluidized bed combustion system including a heat exchange chamber between a separating section and a furnace section

A top-supported circulating fluidized bed boiler system includes a furnace, having sidewalls of a tube wall construction, for combusting fuel and producing combustion products, a particle separator, connected to the furnace, for separating particles from the combustion products from the furnace, an external, preferably non-cooled, heat exchange chamber connected to the particle separator for removing heat from the combustion products, a return duct, connected to the heat exchange chamber, for returning particles separated by the separator to the furnace, a rigid support construction for supporting elements of the system, and a suspension arrangement for suspending the heat exchange chamber from the rigid support construction. The suspension arrangement includes, for preferably 60% or more of its length, at least one of steam tubes and water tubes at a temperature of about 300 to about 550° C.

Circulating fluidized bed furnace

Oxygen-enriched combustion device and method of solid fuel circulating fluidized bed

本发明公开了属于固体燃料清洁利用领域的一种固体燃料循环流化床富氧燃烧装置及方法。该装置主要包括风室、布风装置、炉膛、高温旋风分离器、返料器、换热器、省煤器、中温旋风分离器、二级配风管，其中炉膛由截面积较大的下部密相鼓泡或湍动强混合区和截面积较小的上部稀相快速或气力输送的准平推流区构成，该方法是在循环流化床富氧燃烧装置中采用富氧燃烧分区调控和多级配风来实现固体燃料燃烧；其中，一级风为氧气和再循环烟气混合气，二级风为氧气，播煤风和松动风为再循环烟气；本发明能改善现有技术的不足，使固体燃料燃烧后烟气中CO 2 浓度达到80％以上，利于燃烧后封存或利用，同时减少了氮氧化物、硫氧化物排放，有广阔的应用前景。

WALL DESIGN FOR BOILER INSTALLATION

1. Стеновая конструкция для котельной установки, содержащая, по меньшей мере, одну топку и один сепаратор, причем топка снабжена решеткой и имеет нижнюю часть и верхнюю часть, а сепаратор содержит трубопроводы, которые сообщаются по потоку как с верхней частью, так и с нижней частью топки, причем трубопроводы вместе с сепаратором формируют внешнюю циркуляцию руслового материала, при этом верхняя часть топки имеет четыре вертикальные стенки, а нижняя часть топки имеет вершину и четыре вертикальные стенки, тянущиеся от решетки вверх к вертикальным стенкам, при этом стеновая конструкция содержит:по меньшей мере, одну пустотелую балку, прикрепленную к стенке нижней части топки и проходящую, по существу, над всей высотой нижней части, и, по меньшей мере, одну пустотелую балку, сообщающуюся по потоку с внешней циркуляцией для возвращения руслового материала в топку.2. Стеновая конструкция по п.1, дополнительно содержащая отверстие в стенке нижней части топки для получения руслового материала из внешней циркуляции, при этом отверстие расположено так, что сообщается по потоку, по меньшей мере, с одной пустотелой балкой.3. Стеновая конструкция по п.1, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна пустотелая балка проходит, по меньшей мере, на 80% высоты стенки нижней части топки.4. Стеновая конструкция по п.1, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна пустотелая балка прикреплена в ее нижней части к решетке топки.5. Стеновая конструкция по п.1, дополнительно содержащая самое нижнее горизонтальное усиление в нижнем окончании вертикальной стенки верхней части топки, где, по меньшей мере, одна пустотелая балка имеет верхнюю часть, и балка прикреплена у св РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2012 144 342 A (51) МПК F23C 10/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012144342/06, 16.03.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ФОСТЕР УИЛЕР НОРТ АМЕРИКА КОРП. (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 18.03.2010 US 12/726,406 (85) Дата начала ...

Method and the device for the heat recovery in the reactor with the fluidized layer

FIELD: chemical industry; methods and the devices for the heat recovery in the reactors with the fluidized layers. SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the method and the device for the heat recovery in the reactor with the fluidized layer. The reactor with the fluidized layer contains the furnace, the heat-exchange chamber, the discharge channel connected to the lower part of the heat-exchange chamber used for removal of the material in the form of the particles from the heat-exchange chamber into the furnace, and essentially the vertical auxiliary channel for relocation of the material in the form of the particles from the heat-exchange chamber into the furnace and from the furnace into the heat-exchange chamber. The lower part of the auxiliary channel is supplied with the nozzles for the gas used for the pseudo-liquefaction process and with the tube for the stream for coupling of the auxiliary channel with the furnace. The upper part is supplied with the tube for the stream for coupling of the auxiliary channel with the heat-exchange chamber. The furnace, the heat-exchange chamber, the discharge channel and the auxiliary channel form the uniform construction having the discharge channel and the auxiliary channel located adjoining between the furnace and the heat-exchange chamber. The invention ensures the accurate regulation of the efficiency of the heat-exchange process for all sorts of the reactor loads. EFFECT: the invention ensures the accurate regulation of the efficiency of the heat-exchange process for all sorts of the reactor loads. 23 cl, 5 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 300 415 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ B01J 8/26 (2006.01) B01J 8/38 (2006.01) F23C 10/04 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2005135429/12, 14.04.2004 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 14.04.2004 (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 15.04.2003 FI 20030574 (73) ...

Supercritical CO₂ cycle coupled to a chemical roofing arrangement

케미컬 루핑 연소 배열과 초임계 CO 2 사이클을 결합하기 위한 시스템 및 방법이 제공된다. 본 시스템은 연료 반응기, 공기 반응기, 압축기, 제1 및 제2 열교환기 및 터빈을 포함한다. 연료 반응기는 연료와 산소 운반체를 가열하여 개질되거나 연소된 연료 및 환원된 산소 운반체를 생성하도록 구성된다. 공기 반응기는 공기 흐름을 통해 환원된 산소 운반체를 재산화하도록 구성된다. 공기 흐름, 연료 및 산소 운반체는 공기 및 연료 반응기 안으로 이들의 도입 이전에 일련의 예열기를 통해 가열된다. 압축기는 CO 2 흐름의 압력을 증가시켜 초임계 CO 2 흐름을 생성하도록 구성된다. 제1 및 제2 열교환기는 초임계 CO 2 흐름을 가열하도록 구성되고, 터빈은 가열된 초임계 CO 2 흐름을 팽창시켜 전력을 생성하도록 구성된다.

Fluidized-bed-circulated reactor

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

본 발명은 외부 열교환기의 전열관에 발생하는 부식을 저감시킬 수 있는 순환 유동층 보일러에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 순환 유동층 보일러는, 연료를 베드재(11)와 함께 유동화시키면서 연소시키는 화로(2)와, 화로(2) 내에서의 연소에 의해 발생한 배기 가스가 인도되고 상기 배기 가스 중에 포함되는 입자를 포집하기 위한 싸이클론(3)과, 싸이클론(3)에서 포집된 입자가 최초로 도입되는 탈리 루프(13)와, 상기 입자 사이에서 열교환을 행하는 외부 열교환기(6)를 구비한 것에 있어서, 탈리 루프(13)를 설치하여 상기 입자 내의 미연소된 연료를 연소시킴으로써 부식성 요인 물질의 외부 열교환기로의 유입을 방지한다.

Circulating Fluidized Bed(CFB) with In-furnace Secondary Air Nozzles

본 발명의 순환유동층(CFB) 보일러는 반응 체임버를 구비하되, 반응 체임버의 하부 내의 인클로저 내에 기포유동층(BFB)이 포함되어 있고, 이 BFB는 반응 체임버 플로어 부분을 차지하는 층내 열교환기(IBHX)를 포함한다. 다수의 층내 보조 에어 노즐은 다수의 튜브를 구비하고, 이 튜브는 서로 그룹을 지어 BFB 인클로저와 CFB의 외벽 사이에 BFB의 폭을 넘어 이어진다. CFB로부터 BFB로 떨어지는 고형물의 편향을 보조 에어노즐에 의해 방지할 수 있게 되고, 노 내에서 가스나 고형물의 운동과 간섭을 일으킬 수 있는 복잡한 구조를 피할 수 있게 된다. 노즐의 출구는 BFB 인클로저 벽과 같은 면 또는 거의 같은 면을 이룬다. The circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler of the present invention comprises a reaction chamber, wherein a bubble fluidized bed (BFB) is included in the enclosure in the lower portion of the reaction chamber, the BFB comprising an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX) do. A plurality of in-layer auxiliary air nozzles have a plurality of tubes, which group together and extend beyond the width of the BFB between the BFB enclosure and the outer wall of the CFB. The deflection of solids falling from CFB to BFB can be prevented by the auxiliary air nozzle and a complicated structure that can cause movement and interference of gas or solids in the furnace can be avoided. The outlet of the nozzle is in the same plane as the BFB enclosure wall, or in almost the same plane.

Circulating fluidized bed boiler minimum discharge cooperative control method and system integration device

一种循环流化床锅炉超低排放协同控制方法及系统集成装置，它涉及一种燃烧协同控制方法及辅助系统集成装置，本发明以解决现有的循环流化床锅炉排放不达标而造成的环境污染以及设备腐蚀的问题。本发明包括循环流化床锅炉、脱硝装置、石灰石脱硫系统、干法脱硫系统和布袋除尘系统；循环流化床锅炉的炉膛的顶部与分离器相连通，返料器与循环流化床锅炉的炉膛的底部相连通，返料器与炉膛之间设有脱硝装置，炉膛和尾部烟道分别与石灰石脱硫系统相连通，炉膛的底部分别设有给煤装置和单层二次风装置,尾部烟道和布袋除尘系统分别与干法脱硫系统相连通，布袋除尘系统通过储灰仓与干法脱硫系统相连通。本发明适用于循环流化床锅炉污染物排放控制。

Burning system for circulating fluidized bed

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: system has furnace (12), particle separator (14) connected with the furnace, external preferably uncooled heat exchange chamber (16) connected with the particle separator, returning passage (16) connected with the heat exchange chamber for returning separated particles, rigid bearing structure (52,56) for supporting the members of the system, and suspension device (60,62,64,68) for suspension the heat exchange chamber on the rigid bearing structure. The suspension device has pipes for vapor or water which provide temperature from 300 o C to 550 o C. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 16 cl, 4 dwg суб сс ПЧ сэ (19) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ "” 2 235 943. (51) МПК? 13) С2 Е 23 С 10/10 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 2002126263/06, 28.02.2001 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 28.02.2001 (30) Приоритет: 03.03.2000 Ш$ 09/517,743 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2004 (46) Дата публикации: 10.09.2004 (56) Ссылки: Ц$ 5911201 А, 15.06.1999. 4$ 5425412 А, 20.06.1995. 4$ 5281398 А, 25.01.1994. КО 2094101 СЛ, 27.10.1997. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 03.10.2002 (86) Заявка РСТ: |В 01/00284 (28.02.2001) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 01/65175 (07.09.2001) (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Большая Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", Е_.В.Томской (72) Изобретатель: ДАРЛИНГ Скотт (Ц$) (73) Патентообладатель: . ФОСТЕР УИЛЕР ЭНЕРДЖИ КОРПОРЕИШН (4$) (74) Патентный поверенный: Томская Елена Владимировна (54) СИСТЕМА СЖИГАНИЯ В ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩЕМ ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННОМ СЛОЕ, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩАЯ ТЕПЛООБМЕННУЮ КАМЕРУ МЕЖДУ ОТДЕЛИТЕЛЕМ ЧАСТИЦ И ПЕЧЬЮ (57) Система предназначена для использования в энергетике. Удерживаемая сверху бойлерная система с циркулирующим псевдоожиженным слоем включает печь (12), отделитель (14) частиц, соединенный с печью, внешнюю, предпочтительно неохлаждаемую, теплообменную камеру (16), соединенную С отделителем частиц, ...

Recirculating fluidized bed tail gas lime-ash recycle device

本发明公开了一种循环流化床尾气灰渣回收利用装置，包括炉膛以及灰渣处理装置，灰渣处理装置包括研磨粉碎机构、碳含量检测机构、灰渣回送机构、氢氧离子生成机构以及切换机构，其中，当碳含量检测值高于设定值时，切换机构的控制器控制电磁三通阀导通研磨粉碎机构与灰渣回送机构，将研磨后的灰渣回送至炉膛中，当碳含量检测值低于设定值时，切换机构的控制器控制电磁三通阀导通研磨粉碎机构与外部灰渣回收管道，通过将炉膛中排出的灰渣进行研磨，使得二次回炉重烧的灰渣燃烧更为彻底，有利于提高整个循环流化床的热效率。