Solar-assisted volatile fermentation products production processes

EDDY CURRENT BREAK DEVICE

Un dispositif de freinage à courants de Foucault, du type comportant au moins un échangeur de chaleur pour dissiper l'énergie thermique due aux courants de Foucault lors du freinage, caractérisé par le fait que chaque échangeur de chaleur est agencée pour définir un parcours de liquide de refroidissement prédéterminé pour minimiser les pertes de charge et maximiser le débit de liquide de refroidissement circulant à travers l'échangeur, en vue de diminuer les variations de température de travail de l'échangeur de chaleur, le dispositif comportant deux échangeurs de chaleur symétriques, dont les entrées (72, 73), les circuits et les sorties d'eau (75, 76) sont disposées symétriquement, de manière à compenser les efforts dus aux courants de liquide de refroidissement et minimiser ainsi le couple résiduel correspondant.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫРАБОТКИ ТЕПЛА ЗА СЧЕТ ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ ТЕКУЧЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ ЧЕРЕЗ МНОЖЕСТВО ТРУБОК И ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА С ТАКИМ УСТРОЙСТВОМ

Объектом настоящего изобретения является вспомогательное устройство (5) производства тепла, предназначенное для использования в термодинамической системе в виде замкнутого контура, объединяющей основные средства (1) выработки тепла за счет сжатия текучей среды и теплообменник (2), которые соединены между собой каналом (3) подачи текучей среды под давлением. Это устройство в основном состоит из множества отдельных каналов (8, 9), расположенных между входной (11) и выходной (13) камерами, каждая из которых содержит, соответственно, входной (10) и выходной (12) патрубки одинакового проходного сечения, соответствующие совокупному сечению отдельных каналов (8, 9).

СПОСІБ ОДЕРЖАННЯ ТЕПЛА ДЛЯ ОПАЛЕННЯ БУДИНКІВ І СПОРУД ТА КАВІТАЦІЙНИЙ ТЕПЛОГЕНЕРАТОР БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОЇ ДІЇ

Группа изобретений относится к генерации тепла кавитационным генератором для отопления зданий и сооружений. Формируют вихревой поток воды и обеспечивают кавитационный режим его течения при резонансном усилении в потоке звуковых и ударных колебаний. В воду добавляют этиленгликоль в количестве 7 % от массы воды и насыщают поток рабочей жидкости воздухом, который составляет 0,002 от объема воды. Теплогенератор содержит ускоритель и конический рассекатель рабочей жидкости, по меньшей мере три ускорителя-активатора рабочей жидкости, кавитаторы с радиально расположенными отверстиями, сопла Лаваля, кавитаторы в центральном и выходных отверстиях, которых по меньшей мере пять. Изобретения спсобствуют одновременному нагреву рабочей жидкости и подаче ее в систему обогрева. Официальный бюлетень "Промышленная собственность". Книга 1 "Изобретения, полезные модели, топографии интегральных микросхем", 2008, N 23, 10.12.2008. Государственный департамент интеллектуальной собственности Министерства образования ...

ТЕПЛООБМЕННИК

Изобретение относится к теплообменнику, который имеет активную поверхность теплопередачи (1), омываемую потоком жидкости, для осуществления теплообмена между этой активной поверхностью и жидкостью. Активная поверхность теплопередачи (1) имеет кривизну, которая в значительной степени соответствует как минимум одной из логарифмических кривых, отвечающих правилу Золотого Сечения.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТЕПЛА ДЛЯ ОТОПЛЕНИЯ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ И КАВИТАЦИОННЫЙ ТЕПЛОГЕНЕРАТОР НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ

Предложенный способ получения тепла для отопления зданий и для непрерывной эксплуатации кавитационного теплогенератора (фиг. 1, 2) характеризуется тем, что путем изменения конструкции емкости (36) для подачи жидкости и изменения конструкции теплогенератора, а также добавления в рабочую жидкость (воду) этиленгликоля в количестве 7% от массы рабочей жидкости и насыщения потока рабочей жидкости воздухом, в количестве 0,002 объема к массе воды, достигается получение большого количества тепловой энергии для нагревания значительного объема жидкости с одновременной подачей рабочей жидкости потребителю и ее нагревом.

СПОСІБ ОДЕРЖАННЯ ТЕПЛА ДЛЯ ОПАЛЕННЯ БУДИНКІВ І СПОРУД ТА КАВІТАЦІЙНИЙ ТЕПЛОГЕНЕРАТОР БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОЇ ДІЇ

Спосіб одержання тепла для опалення будинків і споруд шляхом формування вихрового потоку води і забезпечення кавітаційного режиму його плину при резонансному підсиленні в цьому потоці звукових та ударних коливань, що виникають. В воду додають етиленгліколь в кількості 7% від маси води та насичують потік робочої рідини повітрям, що становить 0,002 об'єму до маси води, зміни конструкції ємності для подачі рідини і зміни конструкції теплогенератора забезпечують спосіб одночасного подавання робочої рідини і її нагріву.

CAPTEUR A HAUT RENDEMENT DE L'ENERGIE RAYONNEE

LA PRESENTE INVENTION CONCERNE UN CAPTEUR DE L'ENERGIE RAYONNEE, PARTICULIEREMENT DE L'ENERGIE SOLAIRE, A HAUT RENDEMENT. CE CAPTEUR SE CARACTERISE EN CE QU'IL EST CONSTITUE DE PANNEAUX SYMETRIQUES REUNIS A LEURS EXTREMITES ET DISPOSES POUR FORMER UN CONDUIT FERME A L'INTERIEUR DUQUEL SE TROUVE UN FLUIDE CALOPORTEUR QUI EVACUE L'ENERGIE CAPTEE, CHACUN DE CES PANNEAUX ETANT CONSTITUE PAR UNE PLAQUE PLANE METALLIQUE, DES STRUCTURES IDENTIQUES DE TUBES METALLIQUES CYLINDRIQUES DROITS A L'INTERIEUR DESQUELS SE TROUVENT DES CONES METALLIQUES DROITS ETANT FORMEES SUR UNE OU DEUX FACES D'AU MOINS UNE DESDITES PLAQUES PLANES. LA SURFACE EXTERNE DE CHAQUE CONE COOPERE AVEC LA SURFACE INTERNE DU CYLINDRE A L'INTERIEUR DUQUEL IL SE TROUVE, POUR PIEGER LA QUASI-TOTALITE DU RAYONNEMENT RECU PAR LEDIT CAPTEUR DANS LE CAS DE LA STRUCTURE EXTERIEURE AU CONDUIT, ET POUR CEDER PAR RAYONNEMENT ET PAR CONVEXION L'ENERGIE ABSORBEE PAR LA STRUCTURE ABSORBANTE AU FLUIDE CALOPORTEUR. APPLICATION A L'ENERGIE SOLAIRE ...

MUR ANTI-BRUIT A RECUPERATION DE CHALEUR

Mur anti-bruit à récupération d'énergie constitué d'éléments de matériaux nobles. Il comprend sur chaque face extérieure un élément de fibralithe sur lequel est monté une coquille en argile expansé ou en béton léger. Chaque partie du mur est assemblée sur le chantier par l'intermédiaire de clips en acier ou en plastique. Ces clips sont élastiques pour absorber les imperfections du moulage. Chaque élément de mur est monté en quinconce de façon à éviter les fuites. La gaine intérieure est alvéolée de façon à former des pièges à son. Les panneaux de fibralithe seront prévus pour recevoir d'origine une décoration teintée dans la masse. La résistance du mur est calculée pour recevoir éventuellement des éclairages de voies avec fixation des capteurs solaires à air ou photovoltaïques. L'énergie emmagasinée dans le mur pourra être récupérée par une ou plusieurs pompes à chaleur AIR-AIR ou AIR-EAU. La pompe à chaleur dans ce cas, pourra être remplacée par des capteurs à air ou des ventilateurs.

TRANSFORMER OF THE ROTATORY ENERGY OF GAS IN ORDINARY THERMAL ENERGY

Le transformateur est réalisé d'un matériau ayant l'énergie thermique rotatoire négligeable entrant dans une réaction chimique de liaison. L'énergie nécessaire pour cela est plus petite que l'énergie rotatoire du gaz. L'énergie libérée par ce processus est suffisante pour initier la réaction de décomposition chimique. A la fin toute l'énergie rotatoire du gaz est transformée en énergie thermique ordinaire utilisable. Le transformateur (1) permet d'augmenter de plusieurs fois la capacité thermique nominale du combustible chimique (pour le charbon 2, 668 fois) ou bien de plusieurs fois (2, 5 à 7 fois) augmenter l'efficacité nominale des moteurs à explosion (fig. 1) ou des chauffages.

MAGNETOCALORIC MATERIALS

HEAT EXCHANGER

The invention relates to a combination of a heat exchanger and heating of a gaseous medium, hereinafter "air", comprising a highly efficient heat exchanger composed of an exchanger body (1), with an inner space with an inlet (7) and an outlet (5) for the incoming air, in which there is a tubular radiator (2) with an inlet opening (4) and an outlet opening (6) for the exhausted air, and a powerful turbine (9) to compress the exhausted air and/or a turbine (10) for removing the incoming air to/from the heat exchanger, where a sufficient overpressure or underpressure is determined by nozzles (11) of the chamber and/or (12) the radiator (2), placed in the inlet opening (6) for the exhausted air and the inlet (7) for the incoming air. The invoked adiabatic processes in the heat exchanger and downstream of it, including the heat from the turbines and the electric motors, are used to heat the incoming air, which then heats and ventilates the closed area, and the connection of the nozzles and the ...

COOLING A BRAKE ACTIVATED BY FOUCAULT CURRENTS

The invention concerns a Foucault current braking device, comprising at least a heat exchanger for dissipating thermal energy due to Foucault currents when braking. The invention is characterised in that each heat exchanger is arranged to define a predetermined cooling liquid path to minimise pressure drop and maximise the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the exchanger, so as to reduce working temperature variations of the heat exchanger, the device comprising two symmetrical heat exchangers, whereof the water inlets (72, 73), circuits and outlets (75, 76) are symmetrically arranged so as to compensate forces due to the cooling liquid currents thereby minimising the corresponding residual torque.

WATER HEATING SYSTEM FOR A SWIMMING POOL

The present invention concerns a containment system for a liquid comprising: a containment device (1) for the liquid; heating means for the liquid (2), said heating means comprising at least one circulation path (2) having a pump (4) interposed between a feed pipe (3'), which from the pump (4) is connected to the containment device (1) to push the liquid into the containment device, and a return pipe (3"), which from the containment device (1) is connected to the pump (4). The pump is a centrifugal pump (4) and the circulation path is arranged in such a way as to realize a height difference for the circulating liquid not inferior to 2,4 m so that the combination of the difference in potential for the circulating liquid with the generation of vector potentials of the magnetic fields due to the cavitation generated by the centrifugal pump (4) cause such a variation of the vector Az as to produce heat according to Byuon theory ...

Heat recuperation

Radiant energy emitted from an opening (e.g., a door in an industrial furnace), which would otherwise be lost, is recuperated by the placement of an array of reflective cells in the path of the emitted beam. Each reflective cell comprises multiple reflecting surfaces for reflecting the incident beam back toward the opening even if the beam is not perpendicular to any of the reflecting surfaces. In a typical construction, the front face of a substrate is coated with a material (e.g., gold) that has a high reflectance in the infrared. A protective layer, which is transparent in the infrared, overlies that coating in order to prevent damage to the coating and to facilitate cleaning. Heat recuperators having dihedral and trihedral individual reflecting cells are described in detail.

Energy conversion device

HEATING DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress cracks in a surface layer of a rotating body having a fluororesin layer on its surface layer. SOLUTION: A heating device comprises: a flexible rotating body which has a surface layer containing fluororesin and is opened at both ends; a heating body for heating the rotating body; a rotating body holding member which is disposed inside the rotating body and has a sliding surface which slides on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body; and a pressing member which forms a nip part with the rotating body. The heating device holds and conveys a recording material at the nip part by the rotation of the rotating body and the pressing member and heats it meanwhile. Between the rotating body and the sliding surface of the holding member, a lubricant is interposed which contains linear perfluoropolyether and side chain type perfluoropolyether. COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&INPIT ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ВЫРАБОТКИ ТЕПЛА ЗА СЧЕТ ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ ТЕКУЧЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ ЧЕРЕЗ МНОЖЕСТВО ТРУБОК И ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА С ТАКИМ УСТРОЙСТВОМ

Объектом настоящего изобретения является вспомогательное устройство (5) производства тепла, предназначенное для использования в термодинамической системе в виде замкнутого контура, объединяющей основные средства (1) выработки тепла за счет сжатия текучей среды и теплообменник (2), которые соединены между собой каналом (3) подачи текучей среды под давлением. Это устройство в основном состоит из множества отдельных каналов (8, 9), расположенных между входной (11) и выходной (13) камерами, каждая из которых содержит соответственно входной (10) и выходной (12) патрубки одинакового проходного сечения, соответствующего совокупному сечению отдельных каналов (8, 9).

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТЕПЛА ДЛЯ ОТОПЛЕНИЯ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ И КАВИТАЦИОННЫЙ ТЕПЛОГЕНЕРАТОР НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ

Предложенный способ для отопления зданий и для непрерывной эксплуатации кавитационного теплогенератора (10) характеризуется тем, что путем изменения конструкции емкости для подачи жидкости и конструкции теплогенератора, а также добавлением в рабочую жидкость (воду) этиленгликоля в количестве 7% от массы рабочей жидкости и насыщением потока рабочей жидкости воздухом в количестве 0,002 объема к массе воды достигается получение большого количества тепловой энергии для нагревания значительного объема жидкости с одновременной подачей рабочей жидкости потребителю и ее нагревом.

Insulating organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation system

The invention discloses a heat-preserving organic waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation system, which comprises a fermenter, a heat exchange device, a heat supply device, a control valve, a circulating pump, a temperature measurement device and a control device. The heat exchange device is arranged on the fermenter, and is connected with the heat supply device through pipelines via the control valve and the circulating pump, so as to form a circulatory heat supply system; the temperature measurement device is arranged in the fermenter, is electrically connected with the control device, and isused for detecting the temperature in the fermenter; and the control device is electrically connected with the control valve and the circulating pump, is used for opening the control valve and the circulating pump so as to allow heat supply media supplied by the heat supply device to enter the heat exchange device to heat the fermenter when the temperature measurement device detects that the temperature ...

PROCEDE DE CONVERSION DE L'ENERGIE EOLIENNE EN ENERGIE THERMIQUE ET MOYENS POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE

Dispositif destiné à convertir l'énergie produite par une éolienne en énergie thermique par un frein hydraulique.

SCREW-LOCKING DEVICE HAS EDDY CURRENT AND EXCHANGER OF HEAT POURDISPOSITIF OF BRAKING HAS EDDY CURRENT

PROCEDE ET APPAREIL DE TRAITEMENT DE L'ENTHALPIE DE REACTIONS CHIMIQUES EN PHASE GAZEUSE

L'invention concerne le traitement de l'enthalpie de réactions chimiques rapides en phase gazeuse homogène. On utilise de l'énergie mécanique sous forme de travail accompli par des surfaces mobiles 1 en contact avec les corps en réaction pour ajouter ou enlever de l'énergie à ceux-ci. Application : craquage d'hydrocarbures.

ENSEMBLE DE CHAUFFAGE PAR RECUPERATION DE CHALEUR DE MATIERES IRRADIEES

L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES ENSEMBLES DE CHAUFFAGE UTILISANT LA CHALEUR DE DESINTEGRATION NUCLEAIRE. ELLE SE RAPPORTE A UN ENSEMBLE AYANT UNE ENVELOPPE DE STOCKAGE 1 DE MATIERES IRRADIEES 2, ASSOCIEE A UN SYSTEME D'ECHANGE DE CHALEUR 6. DES CONDUITS 9, 10 PERMETTENT LA CIRCULATION DE L'AIR SUR LE SYSTEME D'ECHANGE DE CHALEUR, ET UN CONDUIT 12 PERMET L'EVACUATION DE L'AIR CHAUFFE A L'ATMOSPHERE. LA CIRCULATION DE L'AIR S'EFFECTUE NATURELLEMENT PAR THERMOSIPHON. UN DISPOSITIF 14 RETIRE SELECTIVEMENT UNE PARTIE AU MOINS DE L'AIR CHAUFFE EN VUE DU CHAUFFAGE VOULU. APPLICATION AU CHAUFFAGE DES BATIMENTS PAR RECUPERATION DE LA CHALEUR DEGAGEE PAR LES DECHETS NUCLEAIRES.

THERMODYNAMIC APPARATUSES WITH RECUPERATOR

DEVICE FOR GENERATING A SECOND TEMPERATURE CHANGE FROM A FIRST TEMPERATURE VARIATION

PROCESS OF ORGANIC MATTER COMPOSTING OR STABILIZATION AND INSTALLATIONPOUR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFORESAID PROCEEDED.

L'invention concerne un procédé de compostage ou de stabilisation de matières organiques constituant un andain (12) disposé dans une enceinte (2); ledit procédé prévoyant : - d'introduire un flux d'air frais entrant dans ladite enceinte (2) et - d'extraire un flux d'air vicié sortant de ladite enceinte (2). Le procédé comporte au moins une phase de transfert de calories du flux d'air sortant au flux d'air entrant. L'invention concerne également une installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.

Renewable energy device to recover heat energy created by a natural composting process, comprises a composter closed by a lid equipped with two ventilated traps to feed on wastes and two other ventilated traps to collect the compost

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de préchauffer l'eau et d'apporter ainsi une énergie complémentaire à toutes installations de chauffage central classique, fioul, gaz, bois, chauffage piscine et chauffe-eau électrique. Il est constitué d'un composteur (1) fermé sur le dessus par un couvercle (9) présentant deux trappes (8) aérées permettant l'approvisionnement en déchets. Le bas du composteur est pouvu de deux trappes (7) aérées permettant ainsi la récupération du compost et d'un fond (5) isolé. Les trappes sont munies d'aérateurs réglables.L'intérieur du composteur est pouvu d'une canalisation (4) disposée en spirale et d'un réservoir (2) positionné au centre (11) muni d'obturateurs (3) et (6) permettant un stockage thermique. Le dispositif selon l'invention est destiné aux particuliers afin de réduire la consommation d'énergie en utilisant une énergie naturelle renouvelable.

ВИХРЕВОЕ СИЛОВОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

... Вихревое силовое устройство содержит вихревую камеру с коническими торцевыми стенками, ограничивающими ее по оси, на которых выполнены аппараты в виде лопаток или спиралей, например одной. Подвод жидкости или газа выполнен у оси, а отвод (с направлением против потока) на периферии, другой отвод может быть выполнен у оси. Лопатки выполнены с разными острыми углами к радиусам - большие на конусе, вдоль которого поток идет на периферию, а меньшие вдоль потока, движущегося к оси. Благодаря такому выполнению поток оказывает большее давление на стенку, ограничивающую поток, движущийся к оси, чем на ту, возле которой поток идет на периферию, что создает результирующую силу, которую можно использовать, например, для движения. При правильном выполнении такое устройство может работать в самоподдерживающем режиме, без внешнего источника энергии (как и в Природном Смерче). Кроме того оно может быть использовано в качестве холодильника или нагревателя (как в вихревых трубках, но без потребления энергии ...

Circulator pump for conveying a liquid and/or gaseous medium

A circulator pump for a plant for the utilization of solar heat including a first heat exchanger for collecting heat at a high level disposed within a solar collector, a medium for receiving heat collected in the first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger for collecting heat at a lower level with respect to the first heat exchanger and a circulator pump for circulating the medium through the first and second heat exchangers. The circulator pump is a prime mover driven by a pressure difference between the first and second heat exchangers and is a charger pump. The prime mover and charger pump operating in a push-pull manner as differential piston pumps having a common piston rod operatively disposed within a chamber including control ducts, which load an auxiliary control slider member. The auxiliary control slider member is reciprocated within a chamber and upon reaching end portions of the differential piston switch the chambers of the two differential piston pumps to effect oppositely ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A SECOND TEMPERATURE VARIATION FROM A FIRST TEMPERATURE VARIATION

Redundant power control for respiratory system heaters

A humidification system is provided for a respiratory system is provided with a controller (54) having two processors (150, 152) that monitor the operation of each other and of heating elements (34, 36, 56) in the respiratory system to provide CPU redundancy and heating element control. Each heating element is provided with two control paths (74, 142; 77, 146; 79, 146), for example a relay (140 or 144) and a triac (88) connected in series with the heating element and a power supply (90). Each heater element has one control path connected to a first one (150) of the processors and at least one heating element has at least one control path connected to a second one (152) of the controllers. A hardware watchdog (100) monitors the operation of the first processor, and can be triggered by a signal from the second processor, in response to which it can disable all heating elements.

Thin-film transistor used as heating element for microreaction chamber

The thin film transistor formed of polycrystalline silicon is positioned adjacent a heat reaction chamber. The gate electrode for the transistor is formed within a silicon substrate and a gate dielectric is positioned over the gate electrode. A pass transistor is coupled to the gate electrode, the pass transistor having a source/drain region in the same semiconductor substrate and positioned adjacent to the gate electrode of the thin film heating transistor. When the pass transistor is enabled, a voltage is applied to the gate electrode which causes the current to flow from the drain to the source of the thin film transistor. The current flow passes through a highly resistive region which generates heat that is transmitted to the heat reaction chamber.

Converter of rotary kinetic energy into heat by generation of eddy currents

HEAT PUMP

Теплообменная установка и способ ее работы

HEAT EXCHANGER

A heat exchanger having an active surface (1) over which a fluid flows to effect an exchange of heat between the active surface (1) and the fluid. The active surface (1) having a curvature which conforms substantially with at least one logarithmic curve conforming to the Golden Section.

Process and device of exploitation and thermal energy conversion

Dispositif d'exploitation et de transformation de l'énergie thermique. L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant l'exploitation de l'énergie thermique d'une source ou d'un gisement quelconque, quelque soit sa température. Il est constitué par la combinaison, d'un dispositif réfrigérant pour absorber les calories de l'extérieur, d'un dispositif moteur pour leur transformation en travail, et d'un dispositif de recyclage des calories par rayonnement électromagnétique. Le dispositif ne nécessitant pas source froide extérieure le rendement thérmodynamique est donc égal à 1, et il permet l'exploitation des calories d'un gisement même à basse température. Le dispositif objet de l'invention est particulièrement destiné à l'exploitation de l'énergie latente des océans, et à l'exploitation des autres sources d'énergie avec un rendement thérmodynamique égal à l'unité.

Heating process comprises supplying a submerged biological culture with a fuel and air

Procédé et dispositif de chauffage par alimentation d'une culture biologique en carburant et/ou déchet biodégradable. Le procédé consiste à alimenter, pour la cultiver, une biomasse avec au moins un carburant approprié servant d'aliment et au moins un comburant lui convenant, et en réglant et contrôlant les alimentations en fonction la quantité de chaleur désirée. Le dispositif est constitué par une chaudière comprenant, essentiellement, une cuve 1 fermée par un couvercle 26, recevant le biotope 5 et formant le foyer, des moyens 10, 13, 9 d'introduction, de la biomasse 4, des adjuvants et catalyseurs éventuels, des carburants et déchets biodégradables, des comburants associés à ces carburants, des moyens 22 à 25 d'extraction des excédents et des moyens 7, 7a, de récupération de la chaleur disponible.

Rapid hot water or vapor producing device for e.g. heating room of dwelling in domestic application, has rotor separated at gap distance with respect to bearing of wall having constant thickness, of case that is made of light metal alloy

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) de production rapide d'eau chaude ou de vapeur comportant des moyens d'entraînement (2) en rotation, autour d'un axe de rotation (3), d'un rotor (4), ce dernier équipé de pôles (5 ; 5A) constitués d'aimants permanents (6) de révolution autour dudit axe de rotation (3), et coaxial et à distance d'entrefer (E) par rapport à l'alésage (7) d'une chemise (8), laquelle comporte au moins une chambre (9) conçue apte à contenir de l'eau ou de la vapeur et reliée à des moyens de circulation (10) d'eau ou de vapeur conçus aptes à alimenter un circuit d'utilisation. Il se caractérisé en ce que ledit alésage (7) appartient à une première paroi interne d'épaisseur constante de ladite chemise (8), laquelle est en alliage léger.

LOW-TEMPERATURE GEOTHERMAL HYBRID COGENERATION SYSTEM

Disclosed is a low-temperature geothermal hybrid cogeneration system. According to the present invention, the low-temperature geothermal hybrid cogeneration system comprises: a geothermal heat source unit supplying a geothermal heat source from an underground geothermal heat source; a waste heat source unit supplying a waste heat source exchanging heat with the geothermal heat source; a geothermal and waste heat recycling unit recycling the waste heat source; and a heat exchanging unit enabling the geothermal heat source and the waste heat source to exchange heat. Provided is the low-temperature geothermal hybrid cogeneration system, wherein the heat exchanging units are provided, a heat source exchanging the heat in one heat exchanger among the heat exchanging units is supplied to a power generation unit, and the heat source exchanging heat in another heat exchanger is supplied to the geothermal and waste heat recycling unit. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 ...

LIQUID HEATING WITH ULTRASONIC EXCITATION

Liquid heating apparatus is provided for use with a water heating geyser having an opening therein. The liquid heating apparatus includes a heating element supported by a mounting plate, for transferring heat to liquid in the vessel, and at least one ultrasonic transducer supported by the mounting plate adjacent to the heating element and arranged to excite liquid in the vessel during operation of the heating element. Preferably a pair of ultrasonic transducers are arranged adjacent the heating element. A sonotrode may be coupled in use to an ultrasonic transducer, and is arranged to enhance circulation of heated liquid in an upper portion of the geyser. An ultrasonic drive circuit mounted on the apparatus drives the transducers to create streaming and cavitation, to enhance heating of water in the geyser.

ENERGY CELL AND PROCEDURE FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF HEAT ENERGY ARISING DURING AEROBIC PROCESSES

The invention is exploiting the heat energy generated through aerobic processes (decomposition process taking place in the presence of oxygen) for the supply of heat energy for water source heat pumps' primary side. With the adaptation of the energy cell, there is no need for drilling wells or earthworks for heat pumps, or it can be used as a calorific unit of its own, for the building's heating system. It is a sandwich structured (4) heat exchanger placed in an insulated container (Figure No. 2.), which is covered by organic material (5), has air intake ventilation units ensuring continuous air (oxygen) supply (2), has legs or wheels (7) and connection points (1).

FERMENTATION HEAT UTILIZATION SYSTEM

In order to improve the utilization efficiency of fermentation heat, a fermentation heat utilization system is provided with: a fermentation chamber (2) which is configured to be able to house organic waste (200) and ferments the organic waste (200) in order to generate fermentation heat; and a radiator (4a) which is provided in the fermentation chamber (2) and configured to be able to cause a first heating medium to flow therethrough, and absorbs the fermentation heat to increase the temperature of the first heating medium, the fermentation heat utilization system being configured to be able to utilize the fermentation heat of the organic waste (200). The radiator (4a) has a plurality of conduits to which fins are attached, and is configured to be able to cause the first heating medium to flow in each of the conduits.

Heat recovery device and its use

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmerückgewinnungsvorrichtung (1) zur Wärmerückgewinnung aus Schmutzwasser, insbesondere aus Grau- und Schwarzwasser, mit einem Sammeltank (2), der einen Schmutzwassereinlass (13) hat, und mit einem Wärmetauschertank (31), in dem ein Wärmetauscher (33) als Teil einer Wärmerückgewinnungseinrichtung (36) angeordnet ist und der mit dem Sammeltank (2) über eine Zuführleitung (29) derart verbunden ist, dass das Schmutzwasser vom Sammeltank (2) in den Wärmetauschertank (31) einführbar ist, wobei das einlassseitige Ende (30) der Zuführleitung (29) im Bereich eines Schwimmers (26) angeordnet ist, der in dem Sammeltank (2) mit dem einlassseitigen Ende (30) der Zuführleitung (29) auf- und abbewegbar ist. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung der Wärmerückgewinnungsvorrichtung (1).

RESERVOIRS FOR MEDIA

Многоступенчатый кавитационный теплогенератор (варианты)

Изобретение относится к теплоэнергетике и может быть использовано для нагрева жидкости в системах отопления, горячего водоснабжения и в различных областях, где требуется активация, деструкция и изменение физико-химических свойств жидких систем. Многоступенчатый кавитационный теплогенератор по первому варианту перед всасывающими турбинами с обеих сторон содержит гидродинамические кавитационные смесители, которые жестко закреплены к корпусу теплогенератора, а перед смесителями установлены и жестко закреплены на независимых валах всасывающие турбины, причем в сужающей части смесителей - рабочих камерах введены патрубки под углом не более 45 градусов относительно центральной оси приводного вала к встречному основному потоку жидкости для подвода возмущающего потока от всасывающих турбин, закрепленных на дисках роторов. По второму варианту в теплогенераторе в рабочих камерах введены патрубки под углом не более 45 градусов относительно центральной оси проводного вала к встречному основному потоку ...

Container for rapid hot-food catering and associated heating station

A container for rapid hot-food catering comprises a base part (2) and a cover part (4) disposed thereon, wherein the said parts together form a medium-tight chamber (6) for a meal portion to be heated. The base part has a primary heat transfer element (8) protruding into the chamber and comprising a metal sleeve (10) which extends into the base part and is provided with an upper closure cap, which metal sleeve is connected to the base part in a medium-tight manner. An associated heating station has a rod-like heating element which can be moved out of a contact surface for the container.

Installation, useful for recovering heat produced by composting waste, comprises a composting rack disposed outside a room, and unit for forced circulation of fluid from fluid circulation portion to movement portion of heat exchanger

L'invention concerne une installation (1) comprenant un local (3) à chauffer et au moins un casier (2) de compostage disposé à l'extérieur dudit local (3) à chauffer, ledit casier (2) de compostage présentant un plancher (20), et au moins un conduit (4) de circulation de fluide comprenant une partie (41) formant drain, perforée sur sa longueur. De manière caractéristique à l'invention, ledit conduit (4) de circulation comprend une partie (43) formant échangeur qui présente une surface d'échange de chaleur avec le local à chauffer (3), et ladite installation (1) comprend des moyens (5) de mise en circulation forcée de fluide depuis la partie formant drain (41) vers la partie formant échangeur (43), tel qu'un ventilateur. L'invention concerne également un procédé de chauffage correspondant.

TRAITEMENT DES BOUES PAR DEGRADATION BIOLOGIQUE

Traitement des boues mettant en oeuvre des réactions microbiologiques. Un tuyau 20 relie le séparateur 16 au réservoir de stockage 22 de la seconde fraction, un transporteur à courroie 18 est prévu pour transporter la première fraction depuis le séparateur 16 vers une entrée 17 d'une première chambre réactionnelle 19 de formation de compost aérobie, dans laquelle au cours du fonctionnement de l'unité, la première fraction est soumise à une réaction de formation de compost exothermique aérobie et spontanée. Application en agriculture.

CAVITATION HEATING SYSTEM AND METHOD

The cavitation heating system of the preferred embodiment includes a reservoir to contain an operating fluid, and a cavitator subsystem with an inlet to receive the operating fluid from the reservoir, a cavitator to cavitate the operating fluid, and an outlet to transfer the cavitated operating fluid to the reservoir. The cavitation of the operating fluid generates heat. The cavitation heating system may use various techniques either singly or in combination to increase the heat generated from the cavitation of the operating fluid, including: the use of oil as an operating fluid, the addition of dissolved noble gases in the operating fluid, the use of a pump to create jets that cavitate the operating fluid in a vessel and heat the operating fluid, and the use and control of pressure on the cavitation of the operating fluid.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONVERSION OF MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO THERMAL ENERGY

The invention relates to a device and method for the production of thermal energy by conversion of mechanical energy, particularly economical in terms of operating energy, using compression means (2, 4) for a compressible fluid comprising at least two components, thermal exchange means (5) between the compressed and hot fluid and a potential heat exchange fluid, circulating within said means, expansion means (6, 7) for the cooled compressed fluid and for separation (8, 9) of the expanded fluid components, means for reconstituting (10, 11, 12, 13, 14) the fluid for compression, by mixing adequate quantities of the separated components and introduction of the reconstituted compressible fluid (15) into the compression means (2, 3, 4).

Energy absorbing composition and impact and sound absorbing applications thereof

A substantially non-elastic incompressible composition, which substantially does not quickly self-level under standard operating conditions, includes: a suspending agent which reacts substantially as a solid when subjected to forces below a critical force, and which becomes substantially flowable when subjected to forces above said critical force; ceramic microparticulates dispersed within the suspending agent; flexible-walled microparticulates dispersed within the suspending agent; and celled macroparticulates dispersed within the suspending agent. The composition provides an incident energy absorbing property. The incident energy may include sound energy, and the microparticulates and macroparticulates may convert some of the sound energy into heat, or may diffract the sound energy.

Method and apparatus for composting organic material

A composting method and apparatus is shown and described. A volume of organic material to be composted is stacked on a surface to form a pile. A plurality of pipes are provided below the surface on which the pile is formed, each of the pipes having a plurality of holes that are aligned with corresponding holes in the surface. The pipes are connected to a manifold which in turn is coupled to a fan assembly, the fan assembly selectively creating positive and negative air flow through the pile. Air and moisture drawn from the pile flows through a conduit to a biofilter, cool air and fluid being added to the conduit upstream of the biofilter. The conduit passes through a greenhouse, such that heat radiated from the conduit is collected and used by the greenhouse. Moisture collected from the system may be treated and reused, for example, to irrigate the piles.

Method for producing synthetic fuels from solid waste

Organic solid wastes represented by the general chemical formula CX HY OZ are reacted with steam at elevated temperatures to produce H2 and CO2. The overall process is represented by the reaction CX HY OZ + 2(X-Z/2)H2 O→δXCO2 + [(Y/2) + 2(X-Z/2)] H2 . (1) reaction (1) is endothermic and requires heat. This heat is supplied by a tower top solar furnace; alternatively, some of the solid wastes can be burned to supply heat for the reaction. The hydrogen produced by reaction (1) can be used as a fuel or a chemical feedstock. Alternatively, methanol can be produced by the commercial process CO2 + 3H2 → CH3 OH + H2 O . (2) since reaction (1) is endothermic, the system represents a method for storing heat energy from an external source in a chemical fuel produced from solid wastes.

Eddy current retarder

Eddy current brake for testing engines, comprises an exchanger each side of rotor the exchangers having channels and orifices which cause cooling water to flow continuously in the same sense A heat exchanger (40) is located on either side of the brake rotor and has rectangular channels (41) of increasing radius about the rotor axis. Cooling water enters the outside channel through a conduit (46) and proceeds through orifices (42) to two final orifices (42a,42b) which each take half the flow towards the exit pipe (47). Pins (45) prevent reverse flow and the sense of water circulation is continuous but opposed in the two exchangers.

Converter of rotary kinetic energy into heat by generation of eddy currents

The converter device comprises a magnetic rotor (2) rotatively mounted integral with primary shaft (1) of the device and a heat exchanger (5) having electrically conducting walls through the helically-shaped inner cavity (6) of which a fluid is caused to flow and within the walls of which rotating induction produced by a rotor generates eddy currents. A tachometer generator (8) measures the shaft rotational speed and controls, as a function of the said speed, the angular position of an electric motor (9), which drives the exchanger (5) along a linear translation path in a direction parallel to the rotor axis. Due to such a closed-loop control, the resistant torque is governed by a predetermined relation. The device can be used to convert to heat rotational kinetic energy from a wind turbine.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXCHANGING HEAT AMONG PLURAL FLUIDS

ORGANIC MATERIAL AEROBIC FERMENTATION TREATMENT AND DEVICE

ВИХРЕВОЙ КАВИТАТОР

Изобретение относится к теплогенераторам кавитационного типа для разогрева жидкостей в гидросистемах различного назначения, а также может быть использовано в качестве смесителей различных жидкостей, диспергирования, разрушения молекулярных связей в сложных жидкостях, изменения физико-механических свойств жидкостей, для воздействия на биологические объекты. Вихревой кавитатор содержит цилиндрический корпус, ускоритель движения жидкости, выполненный в виде циклона, торцевая сторона которого соединена с корпусом, на выходе которого размещено тормозное устройство, соединенное с выходным патрубком. Корпус выполнен вращающимся за счет установки по торцам в подшипниках, один из которых размещен в торцевой стенке циклона, примыкающей к корпусу, а другой во фланце, дополнительно установленном на выходном патрубке или подшипники могут быть размещены за пределами внутреннего рабочего пространства на осях, соединенных с корпусом спицами, корпус также снабжен уплотнениями в местах подвижных соединений ...

НАГРЕВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

Изобретение относится к нагревательным устройствам и может быть использовано в различных отраслях промышленности, где требуется нагрев жидкости. Нагревательное устройство содержит генератор тепловой энергии, систему передачи тепла потребителю, связанные между собой в замкнутый контур посредством подающего и обратного трубопроводов. В данном контуре расположен сетевой насос и установленный с прямым и обратным трубопроводами хотя бы один трубопровод рециркуляции, в котором размещен хотя бы один элемент, содержащий конфузор, диффузор и выполненную между диффузором и конфузором хотя бы одну кольцевую канавку. Способ эксплуатации нагревательного устройства включает перекачку теплоносителя в контуре, включающем расположенный в трубопроводе рециркуляции хотя бы один элемент, содержащий конфузор и диффузор. При этом перекачку теплоносителя производят под давлением, исключающим появление кавитации в потоке теплоносителя. Такое выполнение нагревательного устройства и способ его эксплуатации позволяют ...

CHEMICAL STORAGE OF RADIANT ENERGY

BIOMASS HEATING SYSTEM

Improved systems, methods, apparatus and compositions for generating, extracting and distributing the renewable heat energy produced by microbial decomposition of organic biomass within a contained and controlled environment. This heat energy is preferably transferred and distributed, preferably by the use of heat pipes, to the interior of a greenhouse or other structure to be heated, either directly or via heat exchange apparatus such as hot water heating systems. In one embodiment heat transfer and distribution mechanism customized to the application requirements of a greenhouse heating batch-type process is disclosed, along with a recipe for a readily available biomass material composition that will slowly decompose while it generates a substantial quantity of usable heat energy to be consumed in the elevation of temperature in a separated greenhouse basement confinement area. Additional continuous and batch process embodiments of biomass heating systems are also disclosed that extract ...

PROCEDE DE STOCKAGE D'ENERGIE MECANIQUE ET DE RECUPERATION DE LADITE ENERGIE SOUS FORME THERMIQUE, ET UNE INSTALLATION POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE

LA PRESENTE INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE DE STOCKAGE D'ENERGIE MECANIQUE ET DE RECUPERATION DE LADITE ENERGIE SOUS FORME THERMIQUE, ET UNE INSTALLATION POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE. CE PROCEDE CONSISTE A: CONVERTIR, A UNE TEMPERATURE T, AU MOYEN DE LADITE ENERGIE MECANIQUE, UN PRODUIT A CONSTITUE PAR LE PRODUIT D'UNE REACTION EXOTHERMIQUE ENTRE UN PRODUIT B ET UN COMPOSE C, EN LEDIT PRODUIT B ET EN VAPEUR DU COMPOSE C, ET SEPARER LA VAPEUR DU COMPOSE C; STOCKER LE PRODUIT B AINSI OBTENU A UNE TEMPERATURE T; ET A METTRE ENSUITE EN CONTACT LE PRODUIT B AINSI STOCKE AVEC DE LA VAPEUR DU COMPOSE C POUR LIBERER SOUS FORME D'ENERGIE THERMIQUE, A UNE TEMPERATURE T, AU MOINS UNE PARTIE DE LADITE ENERGIE MECANIQUE, ET RECUPERER LADITE ENERGIE THERMIQUE. APPLICATION DE CHAUFFAGE D'HABITATION A L'AIDE DE L'ENERGIE EOLIENNE.

Rapid heating and forced circulation of fluids, particularly applicable to starting internal combustion engines in cold climatic conditions

... - L'objet de l'invention est un dispositif de chauffage et de circulation forcée d'un fluide comprenant une partie en matériau conducteur (2-1 b) constituant au moins une partie d'un élément (2) qui est entraîné en rotation et communique une énergie cinétique au fluide, et des aimants (6) en regard de ladite partie en matériau conducteur à un faible intervalle, et montés à l'intérieur d'un carter (1A), caractérisé en ce que le fluide à l'intérieur dudit carter (1A) est chauffé sous l'effet de la chaleur par glissement produite par la rotation relative entre ledit élément d'application d'énergie cinétique (2) et lesdits aimants (6) et reçoit une énergie cinétique de manière à être mis en circulation forcée. - Application aux moteurs thermiques.

Working fluid e.g. water, heating or cooling device for recovering heat transfer energy, has conduit providing resistance to circulation of working fluid such that circulation of working fluid heats conduit to recover heat transfer energy

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage ou de refroidissement par des échangeurs thermodynamiques récupérant de l'énergie thermique. L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant le chauffage ou le refroidissement d'un fluide récepteur (2) par l'intermédiaire d'échangeurs thermodynamiques (7 et 8) afin de récupérer de l'énergie thermique du transfert de chaleur entre le fluide récepteur (2) et la source énergétique (1). Il est constitué de deux échangeurs thermodynamiques (7 et 8) reliés par un conduit (4) dans le lequel circule un fluide de travail (5). L'échangeur thermodynamiques (7 ou 8) comprend une cabine, constituée de deux échangeurs isolés par un isolant, en contact avec la source énergétique et le fluide récepteur. Cette cabine contient un mouveur, un piston, un fluide d'échange et le fluide de travail. L'action du transfert d'énergie entre la source énergétique et le fluide récepteur, permet la circulation du fluide de travail (5) qui échauffe ou refroidit le ...

SCREW-LOCKING DEVICE HAS EDDY CURRENT AND EXCHANGER OF HEAT FOR SCREW-LOCKING DEVICE HAS EDDY CURRENT

Un dispositif de freinage à courants de Foucault comporte au moins un échangeur de chaleur pour dissiper l'énergie thermique due aux courants de Foucault lors du freinage. L'échangeur (40) de chaleur est agencé pour définir un parcours (41) de liquide de refroidissement prédéterminé pour minimiser les pertes de charge et maximiser le débit de liquide de refroidissement circulant à travers l'échangeur (40), en vue de diminuer les variations de température de travail de l'échangeur de chaleur.

ENERGY RECYCLING

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING HEAT FROM A FIRST MEDIUM TO A SECOND MEDIUM

HEATING SWIMMING POOLS VIA HEAT EXCHANGERS BY CYCLING POOL WATER THROUGH A COMPOST-TYPE HEATER

An apparatus (10, 110, 210, 310) for controlling a pool water temperature includes a recipient (12, 112, 212, 312) adapted to receive compost, and a conduit (16, 116, 216, 316) that is at least partly disposed inside the recipient (12, 112, 212, 312) and that has an exterior surface adapted to contact at least a portion of the compost. The conduit is effective (16, 116, 216, 316) for passing pool water therethrough and for transferring to the pool water heat generated by the compost. The conduit (16, 116, 216, 316) has the configuration of a coil within the recipient (12, 112, 212, 312).

RADIANT HEAT PUMP DEVICE AND METHOD

The present method and device is for configuring the geometry of a surface (18) to emit highly non-diffuse radiant energy. When a target surface (12) is placed in a region where it is targeted by the emitting surface (18), there can be a net heat flow from the surface emitting the radiant energy to the target surface (12), notwithstanding the target surface (12) may be at higher temperature than the emitting surface (18). This method is employed in a radiant heat pump whereby the surface for emitting energy radiation surrounds a target. The target may use the temperature increase to upgrade heat flowing through the target for use in industrial processes.

Method for supplying or extracting heat to or from a condensable working fluid and a device working according to this method

BIOMASS HEATING SYSTEM

Improved systems, methods, apparatus and compositions for generating, extracting and distributing the renewable heat energy produced by microbial decomposition of organic biomass within a contained and controlled environment. This heat energy is preferably transferred and distributed, preferably by the use of heat pipes, to the interior of a greenhouse or other structure to be heated, either directly or via heat exchange apparatus such as hot water heating systems. In one embodiment heat transfer and distribution mechanism customized to the application requirements of a greenhouse heating batch-type process is disclosed, along with a recipe for a readily available biomass material composition that will slowly decompose while it generates a substantial quantity of usable heat energy to be consumed in the elevation of temperature in a separated greenhouse basement confinement area. Additional continuous and batch process embodiments of biomass heating systems are also disclosed that extract ...

RADIANT HEAT PUMP

The present method and device is for configuring the geometry of a surface to emit highly non-diffuse radiant energy. When a target surface is placed in a region where it is targeted by the emitting surface, there can be a net heat flow from the surface emitting the radiant energy to the target surface, notwithstanding the target surface may be at higher temperature than the emitting surface. This method is employed in a radiant heat pump whereby the surface for emitting energy radiation surrounds a target. The temperature of the target, which is originally at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surface, can have further temperature increases as a result of the net heat flow thereby resulting in a useful temperature increase in the target's temperature. The target may then use the temperature increase to upgrade heat flowing through the target for use in industrial processes.

Cooling brake activated by foucault currents

MAGNETIC DEVICE OF HEATING

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF MECHANICAL CONVERSION ENERGY INTO THERMAL ENERGY

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de production d'énergie thermique par transformation d'énergie mécanique, particulièrement économe en énergie de fonctionnement, mettant en oeuvre des moyens de compression (2) (4) d'un fluide compressible formé d'au moins deux composants, de moyens d'échange thermique (5) entre le fluide comprimé et chaud et un fluide potentiellement caloporteur circulant dans lesdits moyens, des moyens de détente (6) (7) du fluide comprimé refroidi et de séparation (8) et (9) des composants du fluide détendu, des moyens de reconstitution (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) du fluide à comprimer par mélange en quantité adéquate des composants séparés et introduction du fluide compressible (15) recomposé dans les moyens de compression (2) (3) (4). L'invention trouve applications dans des installations de chauffage individuel, collectif ou industriel.

Eddy current induction heater for auxiliary heating of engine cooling water for improving starting performance of engine

L'objet de l'invention est un dispositif de chauffage magnétique du type dans lequel un aimant et un conducteur sont disposés face à face en laissant entre eux un faible intervalle et un fluide caloporteur est chauffé par la chaleur de glissement engendrée dans ledit conducteur par une rotation relative entre ledit aimant et ledit conducteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : - un aimant permanent (3) fixé à un boîtier (2) supporté par un arbre d'entraînement (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un palier (6), et - un conducteur (4) en forme de disque faisant face audit aimant (3) permanent tout en ménageant avec lui un faible intervalle, ledit conducteur étant monté rotatif sur l'arbre d'entraînement (1) à l'intérieur du boîtier, le fluide caloporteur introduit à l'intérieur dudit boîtier (2) étant chauffé par la chaleur de glissement engendrée dans ledit conducteur en forme de disque (4) lorsque ce dernier est entraîné en rotation. Application aux moteurs thermiques.

Auxiliary heat production device for thermodynamic system, has channels interposed between inlet and outlet chambers with inlet and outlet pipes, respectively, where pipes have main sections corresponding to combined section of channels

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif (5) de production secondaire de chaleur destiné à équiper un système thermodynamique en circuit fermé associant des moyens principaux de production de chaleur (1) par compression d'un fluide et un échangeur de chaleur (2), qui sont reliés entre eux par un canal d'acheminement (3) du fluide. Ce dispositif (5) est principalement constitué d'une pluralité de canaux élémentaires (8,9) interposés entre une chambre d'entrée (11) et une chambre de sortie (13), chacune de ces chambres (11,13) comportant une conduite respectivement d'entrée (10) et de sortie (12) coaxiales de section principale respective identique et correspondante à la section cumulée des canaux élémentaires (8,9).

HYDRODYNAMIC AND HYDROSONIC CAVITATION GENERATOR

A hydrodynamic and hydrosonic cavitation generator can use the energy available in a liquid stream expressed as the product of the pressure of the stream multiplied by the flow rate of the stream to produce hydrodynamic cavitation and, at the same time, transient hydrosonic cavitation, with sufficient intensity and volume to transfer to the liquid the entire energy of flow in the form of heat and to achieve exothermic physico-chemical transformations at the molecular and atomic level.

BIOMASS HEATING SYSTEM

Improved systems, methods, apparatus and compositions for generating, extracting and distributing the renewable heat energy produced by microbial decomposition of organic biomass within a contained and controlled environment. This heat energy is preferably transferred and distributed, preferably by the use of heat pipes, to the interior of a greenhouse or other structure to be heated, either directly or via heat exchange apparatus such as hot water heating systems. In one embodiment heat transfer and distribution mechanism customized to the application requirements of a greenhouse heating batch-type process is disclosed, along with a recipe for a readily available biomass material composition that will slowly decompose while it generates a substantial quantity of usable heat energy to be consumed in the elevation of temperature in a separated greenhouse basement confinement area. Additional continuous and batch process embodiments of biomass heating systems are also disclosed that extract ...

Thermal radiation energy conversion

Thermal energy radiation is converted into another energy form by setting up a temperature differential between two heat sinks forming part of a conventional converter or heat engine, but the warmer heat sink derives its input energy by collecting optically-focused thermal radiation from a primary heat sink within the converter structure. Heat rejected by the cooler heat sink is recycled to the primary heat sink to enhance the thermal efficiency above the Carnot level set by the base temperature conditions. The power rating of the converter is enchanced by combination with a reverse heat engine which elevates the temperature of heat input to the primary heat sink and so the temperature of the radiating surface.

MUTATION ASSAYS INVOLVING BLOOD CELLS THAT METABOLIZE TOXIC SUBSTANCES

METHOD FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL FACILITY, AND FUEL CELL FACILITY

The thermal efficiency of a fuel cell facility (1) results from the useful heat which is generated per quantity of fuel. Heat which is radiated from the fuel cell facility (1) into the environment is lost and cannot be utilized. The invention describes a method which minimizes the radiation of heat from the fuel cell facility (1). In this method, the air for operation of the fuel cells is passed into a housing (2) which surrounds heat-radiating components of the fuel cell facility (1). The air flows around the components, absorbs the heat which is radiated and delivers it to the fuel cell block (4), where the heat is emitted to cooling water which cools the fuel cell block (4) and transfers the heat to water of a heating-water circuit (4).

COMPOST HEAT EXCHANGER

A device for producing compost and heat from composting, comprises a container for creating, containing, and transferring the compost and the heat. The container comprises a hatch for transferring feedstock into the container and for transferring the compost out of the container, and also comprises conduit bearing a heat- transfer medium, such as water, for transferring the heat out of the compost. The device also comprises wheels for supporting the container in a position to facilitate use of the hatch and for rotating the container.

METHOD FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL FACILITY, AND FUEL CELL FACILITY

Thermal efficiency of a fuel cell facility (1) depends on the amount of useful heat generated per quantity of fuel. The heat radiated from the fuel cell facility (1) into the environment is lost and cannot be utilized. The invention relates to a method that minimizes heat radiation from the fuel cell facility (1). According to said method, the air used for operating the fuel cells is guided to a housing (2) encompassing the heat radiating components of the fuel cell facility (1). The air circulates around the components, absorbs the heat and feeds it to the fuel cell block (4) where the heat is delivered to the cooling water that cools the fuel cell block (4), which then transfers the heat to the water of a hot water circuit (4).

CONVERTISSEUR D'ENERGIE CINETIQUE DE ROTATION EN CHALEUR PAR GENERATION DE COURANTS DE FOUCAULT

CE CONVERTISSEUR COMPREND UN ROTOR MAGNETIQUE 2 SOLIDAIRE DE L'ARBRE EN ROTATION 1 ET UN ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR 5 A PAROIS ELECTRO-CONDUCTRICES, DANS LA CAVITE INTERIEURE 6, HELICOIDALE, DUQUEL CIRCULE UN FLUIDE ET DANS LES PAROIS DUQUEL L'INDUCTION TOURNANTE CREEE PAR LE MOTEUR ENGENDRE DES COURANTS DE FOUCAULT. UNE GENERATRICE TACHYMETRIQUE 8 MESURE LA VITESSE DE ROTATION DE L'ARBRE ET ASSERVIT LA POSITION ANGULAIRE D'UN MOTEUR ELECTRIQUE 9 QUI ENTRAINE L'ECHANGEUR 5 EN TRANSLATION PARALLELEMENT A L'AXE DU ROTOR. GRACE A CET ASSERVISSEMENT, LE COUPLE RESISTANT OBEIT A UNE LOI PREDETERMINEE. APPLICATION A LA CONVERSATION EN CHALEUR DE L'ENERGIE CINETIQUE DE ROTATION D'UNE TURBINE EOLIENNE.

PROCEDE POUR FOURNIR OU ENLEVER DE LA CHALEUR A UN FLUIDE CONDENSABLE

Procédé pour fournir ou enlever de la chaleur à un fluide condensable. Dans un procédé selon l'invention, on fait passer au moins une partie du fluide dans les tubes d'un échangeur dans des conditions telles qu'il y est diphasique avec un titre massique de 0,03 à 0,97 environ, le fluide étant dans les conditions de saturation à l'entrée et à la sortie de l'échangeur, et la perte de charge étant répartie sur tout l'échangeur. Une installation de pompe à chaleur fonctionnant selon le procédé comporte des modules successifs comprenant chacun un échangeur 1, un séparateur 2, un étage compresseur 3 et un éjecteur 4. Application aux pompes à chaleur.

CHAUDIERE A COMPRESSEUR

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UNE CHAUDIERE A COMPRESSEUR. L'OBJET DE L'INVENTION EST UNE CHAUDIERE A COMPRESSEUR CARACTERISEE EN CE QU'ELLE EST CONSTITUEE D'UN COMPRESSEUR A GAZ 1 ENTRAINE PAR DES MOYENS MOTEURS APPROPRIES 2 ET COMPRIMANT UN GAZ A L'INTERIEUR D'UN CIRCUIT ETANCHE EN BOUCLE FERMEE 3 DONT UNE PARTIE EST CONFORMEE EN ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR PLONGE DANS UN LIQUIDE A CHAUFFER 4, DES MOYENS ETANT PREVUS POUR ARRETER LE COMPRESSEUR 1 LORSQUE LA PRESSION DU GAZ A L'INTERIEUR DE LADITE BOUCLE FERMEE 3 ATTEINT UN SEUIL PREDETERMINE OU LORSQUE LA TEMPERATURE DUDIT LIQUIDE A CHAUFFER 4 ATTEINT UN SEUIL PREDETERMINE. APPLICATION NOTAMMENT AU CHAUFFAGE DE LOCAUX, DE LIQUIDES ET A LA PRODUCTION D'EAU CHAUDE SANITAIRE.

Recuperator used with different thermodynamic equipment

Un thermo-échangeur à contre-courant (5) peut être installé avec différents appareils thermodynamiques, comme un moteur à combustion interne (fig. 1), un moteur à vapeur, un réfrigérateur, un générateur de températures ultra-basses, un stérilisateur, un distillateur, une buse à plasma, des installations de ventilation ou de chauffage, des chambres de lavage et de séchage, des fours à fusion, etc.. L'ajout d'un thermo-échangeur à chaque appareil thermodynamique permet à ce nouvel ensemble de diminuer les pertes thermiques de manière à obtenir un rendement proche du rendement maximal consistant à utiliser en sortie toute ou presque l'énergie d'entrée de l'ensemble. L'utilisation de moteurs électriques et de turbines à rendement constant de l'ordre de 98 à 99% permet de multiplier par 1, 5 à 3 le rendement des machines thermiques, ou diviser par 10 à 100 la consommation d'énergie pour les autres appareils thermodynamiques.

SURREGENERATEUR A CHALEUR ENTHALPIQUE

DISPOSITIF PERMETTANT LA PRODUCTION DE CHALEUR PAR L'UTILISATION PHYSIQUE DE LA VAPEUR DE FLUIDE. IL COMPORTE UN RESERVOIR PRIMAIRE MUNI D'UNE POMPE A VIDE, D'UN CONDENSEUR ET D'UN CONTACTEUR MANOMETRIQUE; CE RESERVOIR PRIMAIRE EST RELIE A UN RESERVOIR SECONDAIRE PAR UN ECHANGEUR-CONDENSEUR ET UN COLLECTEUR DE VAPEUR. LE DISPOSITIF PEUT ETRE UTILISE POUR CHAUFFER DE L'EAU EN PETITE OU GRANDE QUANTITE, PAR EXEMPLE, POUR LES HOPITAUX OU ECOLES.

POMPE DE CIRCULATION POUR LE TRANSPORT D'UN FLUIDE LIQUIDE ET/OU GAZEUX

L'INVENTION A TRAIT A UNE POMME DE CIRCULATION POUR LE TRANSPORT D'UN FLUIDE LIQUIDE ETOU GAZEUX. ELLE A POUR OBJET LE TRANSPORT DU FLUIDE DANS UN CIRCUIT FERME, DANS LEQUEL SE TROUVE UN ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR, AUQUEL EST APPLIQUE DE L'EXTERIEUR DE LA CHALEUR, PAR EXEMPLE A PARTIR DE L'ENERGIE SOLAIRE, ET QUI DELIVRE CETTE CHALEUR, PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE DU FLUIDE EN CIRCULATION, A UN AUTRE ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR QUI DELIVRE DE LA CHALEUR, PAR EXEMPLE DANS UN BUT DE CHAUFFAGE. LA POMPE DE CIRCULATION EST AUTO-ENTRAINEE PAR UTILISATION DE LA CHUTE DE TEMPERATURE REGNANT ENTRE SON ENTREE ET SA SORTIE ET DE LA PRESSION DD DETENTE EN RESULTANT ET EST REALISEE PAR DEUX POMPES 7, 8 A PISTON DIFFERENTIEL 9, 10 ALIMENTEES EN ALTERNANCE PAR LE FLUIDE, REUNIES MECANIQUEMENT ENTRE ELLES PAR UN DISPOSITIF DE COMMANDE AUTOMATIQUE. APPLICATION: NOTAMMENT AUX INSTALLATIONS DE REFRIGERATION OU DE CLIMATISATION.

HOT WATER SUPPLYING AND HEATING DEVICE USING HEAT ENERGY GENERATED BY FERMENTING ORGANIC WASTE

PURPOSE: A hot water supplying and heating device using heat energy generated by fermenting organic waste is provided to utilize heat energy obtained by fermenting the organic waste inside a fermentor at a temperature of 70-90>=. CONSTITUTION: A hot water supplying and heating device using heat energy generated by fermenting organic waste comprises a fermentor(1), a hot water tank(21), and a coil type pipe(10). A cover(2) is joined to the fermentor to be opened or closed. An odor prevention container(4) and a moisture supplying device(5) are attached to the cover of the fermentor. An oxygen supplying device(13) and a liquid-manure tank are arranged in the lower part of the fermentor. The coil type pipe is dually rolled inside the hot water tank. A hot water supplying pipe(24), a heating water supplying pipe(25), and a water supplying pipe(31) are joined to the hot water tank. An electric heater(28) is mounted on the exterior of the hot water tank. One end of the coil type pipe is connected ...

RESERVOIRS FOR MEDIA

Reservoirs for liquids, essentially provided with several, or at least one means of generating energy, capable, for example, of being heated by solar radiation with a supply of thermal circulation heat, by the incineration of rubbish, with recuperation of waste gas heat at a temperature close to that of fresh air, and by recuperation of waste heat from waste gas from heating furnaces and generators. They may may also be put into a continual process of biogas production from small amounts of waste in waste water.

METHOD FOR HEAT PRODUCTION

The heat for heating water is produced by forming a vortex water flow and maintaining a cavitation condition thereof during a resonant amplification of acoustic vibrations in the flow when water having a temperature exceeding 63 °C is supplied to the flow. In a preferred embodiment, the water is heated to a temperature ranging from 63 °C to 70 °C. The water is pre-heated to 63 °C, is preferably by means of the heat obtained by using the same method for circulating the water in a closed circuit without heat extraction. The invention increases effectiveness, e.g. the ratio between the obtained heat energy and electrical or mechanical energy used for circulating water, simplifies the water treatment process of and decreases the danger of irradiation for the personnel.

Composting plant for organic waste and method for composting such waste

A composting plant and method for composting organic waste such as household waste separated at the source, sludge, wood chippings, straw, farmyard manure. The plant comprises a sealed compartment with an inlet zone with a device for feeding in the waste which is advanced from a receiving and preprocessing plant through an airtight sluice device; a process zone with one or more devices preferably a texturing agitator (14) suspended in a runner (46) for advancing and aerating of the waste from the inlet zone and through the process zone to an outlet zone with devices (18) for discharging the composted waste from the compartment. The bottom of the process zone which is connected to a ventilating equipment (26, 30, 34) is designed in such a manner that an aeration takes place up through the waste heap preferably via a bottom layer of coarse organic material such as wood chippings. The ventilator equipment is arranged with fresh air intake and intake from the compartment for controlling the ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HEAT FOR HEATING BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTIONS AND A CONTINUOUS CAVITATION HEAT GENERATOR

The claimed method for heating buildings and for continuously operating a cavitational heat-generator. (10) in accordance with the invention, differs by the fact that by changing the capacity construction for liquid delivery and by changing the heat-generator construction, and also by adding ehtylene-glycol in the amount of 7% of the operating liquid (water) mass to the operating liquid (water) and saturating the operating liquid stream with air equal to 0,002 of volume of the water mass, a vast amount of heat is generated for heating a considerable liquid volume, and simultaneous delivery of the operating liquid to the consumer and its heating is realized.

Portable Heating Apparatus for Heating Interior Piping Systems

Devices, apparatus, systems and methods of using a portable heater that does not use a separate compressor or blower or vacuum. The heater can be attached to a piping system to dry interior walls and/or heat coatings in the piping system. The heater can be attached to a manifold having alternative inlet end and two outlet ends. The manifold ends can have quick connect fittings with similar fittings to be easily mateably attached by rotating fittings with one another. A quick connect/disconnect air pressure regulator with quick connect fitting can be attached to the manifold ends. A quick connect/disconnect plug with similar quick connect fitting can close the manifold ends. 1. A portable heating apparatus , comprising:a portable heating chamber with a heating element having a single inlet end for directing air into the chamber and a single outlet end for emitting heated air therefrom, the chamber providing one path of air flow between the single inlet end and the single outlet end; anda manifold having a first inlet end a second inlet end for drawing air therethrough, the manifold having a first outlet end and a second outlet end for passing air therefrom, at least one of the first inlet end and the second inlet end being attached to the outlet end of the heating chamber2. The portable heating apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an airflow control that includes:a first shut-off valve for opening and closing the first outlet end of the manifold;a first handle for operating the first shut-off valve;a second shut-off valve for opening and closing the second outlet end of the manifold; anda second handle for operating the second shut-off valve.3. The portable heating apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the heat dissipating legs include:heater heat dissipating legs attached directly to the heater for dissipating heat from the heater chamber; andmanifold heat dissipating legs attached directly to the manifold for dissipating heat from the manifold.4. The portable heating ...

USE OF E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-OCTAFLUORO-2-PENTENE AND OPTIONALLY 1,1,1,2,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE IN HIGH TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMPS

This invention relates to a method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump. The method comprises condensing a vapor working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb, in a condenser, thereby producing a liquid working fluid. This invention also relates to a method of raising the maximum feasible condenser operating temperature in a high temperature heat pump apparatus. This method comprises charging the high temperature heat pump with a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. This invention also relates to a high temperature heat pump apparatus containing a working fluid comprising E-HFO-1438mzz and optionally HFC-245eb. This invention also relates to a composition comprising: (i) E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb; and (ii) a stabilizer to prevent degradation at temperatures of 55° C. or above, (iii) a lubricant suitable for use at 55° C. or above, or both (ii) and (iii). 1. A method for producing heating in a high temperature heat pump comprising condensing a vapor working fluid comprising E-1 ,1 ,1 ,4 ,4 ,5 ,5 ,5-octafluoro-2-pentene (E-HFO-1438mzz) and optionally 1 ,1 ,1 ,2 ,3-pentafluoropropane (i.e. , HFC-245eb) , in a condenser , thereby producing a liquid working fluid.2. The method of further comprising passing a heat transfer medium through the condenser claim 1 , whereby said condensation of working fluid heats the heat transfer medium claim 1 , and passing the heated heat transfer medium from the condenser to a body to be heated.3. The method of wherein the working fluid consists essentially of E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb and wherein the E-HFO-1438mzz in the working fluid is at least about 1 weight percent based on the total amount of E-HFO-1438mzz and HFC-245eb.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat transfer medium is an industrial heat transfer liquid and the body to be heated is a chemical process stream.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising compressing the working fluid vapor in a dynamic (e. ...

VISCOUS COOLANT HEATER WITH VARIABLE COOLANT PUMP DRIVE

A system for supplying supplemental heat to a vehicle, particularly a vehicle with a diesel engine. A driven viscous plate with different viscous clutch faces on either side is provided between the engine and the coolant pump. One side clutches to the engine structure (ground) to generate heat, and the other side clutches to the coolant pump to vary the pump drive. The two sides are controlled by a valve operated by signals from the engine computer. The valve varies the supply of viscous fluid from a common reservoir independently to both sides of the driven viscous plate. The signal from the engine control unit is based on the instantaneous desired supplemental heat and coolant flow. In another embodiment, two separate viscous clutches are utilized and positioned on opposite sides of the coolant pump. 1. A supplemental heating system for vehicles , the vehicles having an engine and a crankshaft driven by the engine , said system comprising:a pump member for circulating a liquid coolant supplied to the engine;a viscous mechanism positioned in operable association with said crankshaft and pump member and positioned between the engine and said pump member; a pair of viscous clutch faces and a driven viscous plate positioned between said pair of viscous clutch faces;', 'a reservoir of viscous fluid;', 'a first working chamber for viscous fluid provided between said driven viscous plate and one of the viscous clutch faces, and a second working chamber for viscous fluid provided between said driven viscous plate and the other viscous clutch face;, 'said viscous mechanism comprising 'a valve member in operable association with said reservoir, said valve member selectively providing viscous fluid from said reservoir to one or both of said working chambers.', 'a viscous heater adjacent to and in contact with said first working chamber, said viscous heater selectively heating said liquid coolant present within said heater; and'}2. The supplement heating system as described ...

Heat-source selecting device for heat source system, method thereof, and heat source system

A heat source system has a plurality of heat sources that can be utilized therein. The plurality of heat sources include unused heat such as sewage and wastewater generated in a facility in which an external load that receives a supply of heating medium heated or cooled by using the heat sources is installed. A system control device ( 10 ) of the heat source system determines potential temperatures and amounts of potential heat of the individual heat sources; and selects heat sources based on the potential temperatures and the amounts of potential heat.

Method and Machine Tool for Manufacturing Exhaust Gas Cleaning Devices

A machine tool for manufacturing exhaust gas cleaning devices, in particular diesel particulate filters and catalysts that have a housing and a gas-traversed insert clamped in the housing, comprises at least one tool, in which the insert is clamped in the housing. A heating device that heats the housing is integrated in the tool. In a method for manufacturing exhaust gas cleaning devices, the heated housing is plastically deformed in a machine tool, and the insert is inserted into the housing. 1. A method for manufacturing exhaust gas cleaning devices that include a housing and a gas-traversed insert clamped in the housing , the method comprising the following steps:a. wrapping the gas-traversed insert with an insulation mat to form a wrapped insert;b. starting to heat the housing in a machine tool to increase the temperature of the housing; andc. arranging the wrapped insert in the housing having an increased temperature.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the machine tool includes a funnel part claim 1 , and including resting the one end of the housing against the funnel part and introducing the wrapped insert into the one end of the housing through the funnel part.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the machine tool includes an induction element claim 2 , and including surrounding the housing with the induction element to heat the housing while the wrapped insert is inserted into the heated housing through the funnel part.4. The method according to claim 1 , including measuring an insert characteristic of the gas-traversed insert and bringing the housing to a desired dimension based on the insert characteristic prior to step (b) claim 1 , and wherein the desired dimension increases to a greater size during step (b).5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the wrapped insert is arranged in the housing while the housing is heated in the machine tool.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the housing is heated to at least 150° C.7. The ...

METHOD FOR EVALUATING DISPERSION OF MATERIAL FOR LIGHT TO HEAT CONVERSION IN THERMAL TRANSFER FILM AND THERMAL TRANSFER FILM USING THE SAME

A method for evaluating dispersion of a light-to-heat conversion material in a thermal transfer film includes calculating optical densities OD1 and OD2 of the thermal transfer film according to Equations 2 and 3, and calculating a dispersion evaluation value ΔOD according to Equation 1. The thermal transfer film has good dispersion of the light-to-heat conversion material when the dispersion evaluation value ΔOD is 0.1 or less, and the thermal transfer film has poor dispersion of the light-to-heat conversion material when the dispersion evaluation value ΔOD is greater than 0.1. 1. A method for evaluating dispersion of a light-to-heat conversion material in a thermal transfer film , the method comprising:calculating optical densities OD1 and OD2 of the thermal transfer film according to Equations 2 and 3, respectively; and [{'br': None, 'i': OD=|OD', 'OD, 'Δ2−1|\u2003\u2003Equation 1'}, {'br': None, 'i': OD', 'T', 'T, '1=−log(2/1)\u2003\u2003Equation 2'}, {'br': None, 'i': OD', 'T', 'T, '2=−log(3/1)\u2003\u2003Equation 3'}], 'calculating a dispersion evaluation value ΔOD according to Equation 1'}wherein T1 is transmittance of the thermal transfer film before placing the thermal transfer film in a transmittance measurement apparatus including a reflective mirror, T2 is transmittance of the thermal transfer film after placing the thermal transfer film in the transmittance measurement apparatus including the reflective mirror, and T3 is transmittance of the thermal transfer film after placing the thermal transfer film in the transmittance measurement apparatus without the reflective mirror, andwherein the thermal transfer film is determined to have satisfactory dispersion of the light-to-heat conversion material when the dispersion evaluation value ΔOD is 0.1 or less, and the thermal transfer film is determined to have unsatisfactory dispersion of the light-to-heat conversion material when the dispersion evaluation value ΔOD is greater than 0.1.2. The method according ...

HIYDRODYNAMIC AND HYDROSONIC CAVITATION GENERATOR

The present invention describes a method and apparatus to use the kinetic energy available in a liquid flow to produce hydrodynamic cavitation, which, in turn, drives the hydrosonic cavitation simultaneously with sufficient efficiency and capacity to transfer the entire energy of the flow to the liquid as heat and/or another cavitation effect, thus producing physical and chemicals reactions at the molecular and atomic level. 1. A hydrodynamic and hydrosonic cavitation generator characterized by being able to utilizes the energy available in a fluid flowing through a pipe to generate hydrodynamic cavitation and hydrosonic cavitation simultaneously.2. A hydrodynamic and hydrosonic cavitation generator characterized by being able to transform kinetic and/or potential energy of a liquid flow into heat energy by transferring this heat to the liquid in equal proportion and amount of the mechanical energy of the fluid , expressed by the product of the flow rate by the pressure thereof increased by the thermal energy released by the physico-chemical transformations caused by cavitation effects , in this way , the total amount of resulting heat energy exceeds the amount of mechanical energy provided by that the liquid flow.3. A hydrodynamic and hydrosonic cavitation generator as referred in the previous claims , wherein the hydrodynamic cavitation is produced by forcing a liquid flow radially , from the center outwards through a radial Venturi tube shaped slot in which one of the halves is a thin disk , said diaphragm , so that , when the liquid pressure falls due to its acceleration , the diaphragm is pulled inside , closing the slot partially , which causes an immediately increasing of upstream pressure that drives said diaphragm outwards , establishing , this way , a vibratory motion and generating pressure waves in the downstream liquid volume.4. A hydrodynamic and hydrosonic cavitation generator as referred in the previous claims wherein said diaphragm can be shaped , ...

ERASING APPARATUS AND COOLING METHOD

An erasing apparatus includes a path configured to carry a sheet, and an erasing unit arranged on the path and configured to erase an image on the sheet by heating the sheet. The erasing apparatus further includes a fan configured to blow air downstream from the erasing unit in a sheet carrying direction, and a shutter disposed between the fan and the erasing unit and movable to control the amount of air blown by the fan from reaching the erasing unit. 1. An erasing apparatus comprising:a path along which a sheet is to be carried;an erasing unit arranged on the path and configured to erase an image on the sheet by heating the sheet;a fan configured to blow air to a position on the path that is downstream from the erasing unit in a sheet carrying direction; anda shutter disposed between the fan and the erasing unit and movable between a first position in which one end thereof is proximate to the path and a second position in which the one end is away from the path.2. The erasing apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe shutter is configured to substantially block air blown by the fan from flowing to the erasing unit while in the first position and allow the air blown by the fan to flow to the erasing unit while in the second position.3. The erasing apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising:a controller configured to control the shutter to be moved between the first position and the second position.4. The erasing apparatus according to claim 3 , whereinthe controller is configured to control the shutter to be in the second position when the erasing apparatus is in a sleep mode and in the first position when the erasing apparatus is not in a sleep mode.5. The erasing apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe shutter is bent so that the one end directed downstream in the sheet carrying direction of the path.6. The erasing apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe fan comprises a first fan configured to blow air onto a first surface of the path, andthe ...

FLAMELESS HEATING SYSTEM

A mobile heating system is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes an enclosure defining a plenum that houses a fan and an internal combustion engine. The heating system also includes a hydraulic circuit including a hydraulic pump operably coupled to the internal combustion engine and a first heat exchanger located in the plenum and in fluid communication with the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic circuit also includes a hydraulic motor operably coupled to the fan wherein the hydraulic motor is in fluid communication with and driven by the hydraulic pump. A first valve is disposed between the hydraulic pump and the heat exchanger and is configured to restrict fluid flow and to increase a fluid pumping pressure of the hydraulic pump. A second valve is located upstream of the first valve and is configured to selectively direct hydraulic fluid between the first valve and the hydraulic motor. 1. A mobile heating system comprising:a. an enclosure supported by a mobile chassis, the enclosure defining an air plenum having an air inlet and an air outlet;b. a fan disposed in the air plenum, the fan being configured to move an air flow stream from the air inlet to the air outlet of the enclosure;c. an internal combustion engine disposed in the air plenum, the internal combustion engine having an output shaft; and i. a hydraulic pump operably coupled to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine;', 'ii. a first heat exchanger located in the enclosure air plenum and in fluid communication with the hydraulic pump, the first heat exchanger being configured to transfer heat from fluid in the hydraulic circuit to the air flow stream;', 'iii. a hydraulic motor operably coupled to the fan, the hydraulic motor being in fluid communication with and driven by the hydraulic pump;', 'iv. a first valve disposed between the hydraulic pump and the heat exchanger, the first valve being configured to resist fluid flow and to increase a fluid pumping pressure of the hydraulic pump ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING LIQUIDS

A fluid cavitation apparatus includes a housing, an external rotor with cavitation bores in an outer surface thereof, and a motor for rotating the external rotor. An inner surface of the housing is spaced from the outer surface of the external rotor to create a fluid cavitation zone. The inner surface of the housing is configured with a spiral shape and tunnel zone to enhance the thermal transfer characterisitics of the fluid for heating, cooling, and purification. A control system to facilitate proper motor speed, and fluid behavior to enhance the cavitation process. 1. An apparatus for heating a fluid using cavitation comprising:a housing having an inlet for fluid to be heated and an outlet to discharge the heated fluid from the housing;an external rotor adapted to be fixed on a motor shaft and contained in the housing and adapted to rotate within the housing, the external rotor having a plurality of cavitation bores arranged in an outer surface thereof and the external rotor arranged within the housing to form a fluid heating zone between the outer surface of the external rotor and an inner surface of the housing that faces the outer surface of the external rotor,wherein the inner surface of the housing facing the bore-containing outer surface of the external rotor has a plurality of laterally spaced apart first tunnels zones running circumferentially along the inner surface, each first tunnel zone terminating in a first discharge zone, each first tunnel zone including a first ramp, each first discharge zone offset from an adjacent first discharge zone, fluid entering the housing being heated by interaction with the first tunnel zones and first ramps, bores in the external rotor, and external rotor rotation.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a stationary rotor head claim 1 , the stationary rotor head mounted in the housing and having an outer surface which faces an inner surface of the external rotor claim 1 , the outer surface of the stationary ...

SYSTEMS FOR HEATING WATER USED IN HYDRAULIC FRACTURING

A system for flameless heating of a fluid includes a hydraulic pump having an input shaft and a rotational power source coupled in torque-transmitting relationship with the input shaft of the hydraulic pump. A hydraulic fluid circuit is in fluid connection with an inlet port and an outlet port of the hydraulic pump. A water heat exchanger having a tank provided with water from a water source and a conduit provided with heated fluid from at least one of the hydraulic pump and the power source is arranged such that heat is transferred from the heated fluid in the conduit to the water in the tank. In one example, at least one valve in the hydraulic fluid circuit selectively limits output flow from the outlet port of the hydraulic pump, thereby providing resistance to pumping motion and heating the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic pump. 1. A system for flameless heating of a fluid , the system comprising:a hydraulic pump having an input shaft;a rotational power source coupled in torque-transmitting relationship with the input shaft of the hydraulic pump;a hydraulic fluid circuit in fluid connection with an inlet port and an outlet port of the hydraulic pump; anda water heat exchanger having a tank provided with water from a water source and a conduit provided with heated fluid from at least one of the hydraulic pump and the power source, the water heat exchanger being arranged such that heat is transferred from the heated fluid in the conduit to the water in the tank.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a first hydraulic motor in fluid connection with and driven by the hydraulic pump via the hydraulic fluid circuit claim 1 , wherein the first hydraulic motor drives a water pump that pumps the water from the water source to the tank of the water heat exchanger.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the conduit of the water heat exchanger is provided with heated hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump via the hydraulic fluid circuit.4. The system of claim 3 , further ...

MOIST HEAT DRUG DELIVERY APPARATUS AND METHOD

A novel moist steam heating cabinet unit is used as a medical device for humidification, hydration, and dispensing of medicinal hot packs. The technology provides multifunctional options from both medicine and non-medicinal hot pack treatment, as well as for other applications and uses, for example—including creation, manufacturing, and curing of pharmaceutical compounds that require a controlled steam process and method. A moist heating device is a unit designed and constructed to deliver a timed, heated fluidic steam coming from a moisture-heating source. This moist heating by employing steam heat activates the therapeutic potential of a portable topical compress or hot pack with a applicator of various shapes and sizes, for transdermal use and neat applications of a “wet medicinal dressing.” The moisture provides the activating liquid and fluidic environment for the flowing through, titrating, and permeating delivery of hydrous and anhydrous drugs or medicaments held within a medicinal pack. 1. A moist steam heat cabinet apparatus , comprising: a cabinet having a floor , sides , and an inner lining; and an electrically powered moist steam heat cabinet medical device that provides a holding area and humid environment for controlled neat sterile moist steam heat hydration of a therapeutic non-medicinal and medicinal pack , the moist heat cabinet having a multiple arrangement of steam spray nozzles around the sides and floor of the inner lining of the cabinet , the cabinet being of various shapes and sizes , the device delivering moist heat to prepare hot packs/stupes/fomentation until a sufficient amount of moist heat is contained in the pack/stupe at a correct temperature and is ready for topical dispensing to a mammalian or human body part.2. The moist steam heat cabinet apparatus as in claim 1 , having a controlled temperature exhibited on a display temperature control heating display board claim 1 , the controlled temperature being pre-determined according to a ...

Apparatus for Heating Fluids

The apparatus described herein uses a disc wafer-type rotor featuring channels disposed around its circumference and around the interior circumference of the rotor housing specifically to induce cavitation. The channels are shaped to control the size, oscillation, composition, duration, and implosion of the cavitation bubbles. The rotor is attached to a shaft which is driven by external power means. Fluid pumped into the device is subjected to the relative motion between the rotor and the device housing, and exits the device at increased temperature. The device is thermodynamically highly efficient, despite the structural and mechanical simplicity of the apparatus. Such devices accordingly provide efficient, simple, inexpensive, and reliable sources of distilled potable water for residential, commercial, and industrial use, as well as the separation and evaporation of other liquids. 1. An apparatus for inducing cavitation in a fluid in order to heat said fluid , said apparatus comprising:A rotor having a first set of indentations disposed around its circumference andA rotor housing having a second set of indentations opposing said first set of indentations;Said rotor and said housing defining a cavity through which said fluid passes, wherein cavitation is induced in said fluid by the relative motion of said fluid between said first set and said second set of indentations.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said first set of indentations are channels across the width of the rotor claim 1 , and said second set of indentations are channels extending across the width of the rotor housing.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said first set of indentations and said second set of indentations are linear.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said first set of indentations and said second set of indentations are curvilinear.5. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said first set and said second set of indentations are open-ended ...

TURBINE THERMAL GENERATOR AND CONTROLLER

A turbine thermal generator and controller includes first and second members having opposing surfaces together defining boundaries of a fluid chamber, a means for rotating about an axis said first member relative to said second member thereby generating heat in a fluid contained in said fluid chamber, and means for transferring heat from said fluid to a load. 1. An apparatus comprising:first and second members having opposing surfaces together defining boundaries of a fluid chamber;means for rotating about an axis said first member relative to said second member thereby generating heat in a fluid contained in said fluid chamber; andmeans for transferring heat from said fluid to a load.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus includes a means for moving said first and second members relative to one another along said axis thereby varying generation of said heat in said fluid.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said apparatus further comprises an inlet into said fluid chamber and an outlet out of said fluid chamber claim 2 , and wherein said means for transferring heat from said fluid to said load is a fluid system that defines a fluid flow path from said outlet to said load and from said load to said inlet.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein said fluid system includes a heat exchanger in a heat transferring relationship with said load.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein said means for transferring heat from said fluid to said load is a fluid system having a first heat exchanger in a heat transferring relationship with said second member claim 2 , wherein said fluid system defines a fluid flow path from said first heat exchanger to said load and from said load to said first heat exchanger.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said first heat exchanger is a heat exchange tube.7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said fluid system further comprises a second heat exchanger in a heat transferring relationship with said load.8. The apparatus of claim 2 , ...

Engine Heater Control System

An energy consumption controller may be communicatively coupled with a plurality of alternative energy sources and an engine. The controller may be configured to manage energy consumption from the alternative energy sources interconnected with the engine and to keep the engine within a desired temperature range. Within the desired temperature range, the engine will start and run at a full load more rapidly than if the engine cooled excessively. The controller may change the selected energy source as required, based on factors such as cost, engine maintenance and testing and/or imminent need of the engine. 1. A method of heating an engine comprising:selecting a first energy source from a plurality of energy sources;utilizing the first energy source to keep the engine within a desired temperature range; andchanging to a second energy source to keep the engine within the desired temperature range based at least in part on a cost.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second energy source comprises a heat pump arranged to capture heat generated by a server farm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second energy source comprises a wind turbine arranged to provide electricity to a resistance heater.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second energy source comprises a solar panel arranged to provide electricity to a resistance heater.5. A controller claim 1 , comprising: selecting a first energy source from a plurality of energy sources;', 'utilizing the first energy source to keep an engine within a desired temperature range; and', 'changing to a second energy source to keep the engine within the desired temperature range based at least in part on a cost of energy of one or more of the plurality of energy sources., 'a processor and a memory storing instructions executable on the processor, to perform acts comprising6. The controller of claim 5 , wherein the acts further comprise:changing to the second energy source to keep the engine within the desired temperature ...

FLAMELESS COMBO HEATER

A dual heating process is performed in the absence of an open flame. Heat is created by a rotating prime mover(s) driving a fluid shear heater. Heat is also collected from a cooling system of the prime mover, and from any exhaust heat generated by the prime mover. The heat energy collected from all of these sources is transmitted through heat exchangers to a fluid where heat energy is desired. The fluid being heated may be glycol or air, depending on the type of heat desired. 118-. (canceled)19. A flameless combination heater for heating air and a heater fluid , the flameless combination heater comprising:a prime mover system including at least one heat removal means;an air moving system; and heater fluid;', 'a first heat exchanger for transferring heat from one of the at least one heat removal means to the heater fluid;', 'a dynamic heater in fluid communication with the first heat exchanger for heating the heater fluid, the dynamic heater being driven by the prime mover system;', 'a second heat exchanger for transferring heat from the heater fluid to the air moving system; and', 'means for varying an amount of heater fluid directed from the dynamic heater to the second heat exchanger, any remainder of the heater fluid being directed from the dynamic heater to a heater fluid output., 'a heater fluid system including20. The flameless combination heater of claim 19 , wherein the one of the at least one heat removal means comprises engine coolant.21. The flameless combination heater of claim 20 , wherein the at least one heat removal means further comprises an exhaust.22. The flameless combination heater of claim 21 , wherein the air moving system comprises a third heat exchanger for transferring heat from the exhaust to air in the air moving system.23. The flameless combination heater of claim 20 , wherein the at least one heat removal means further comprises an intercooler.24. The flameless combination heater of claim 23 , wherein the air moving system comprises a ...

WATER-REPELLENT FILM, FILM FORMATION METHOD, NOZZLE PLATE, INK-JET HEAD, AND INK-JET RECORDING DEVICE

Disclosed is a water-repellent film including a substrate , and a water-repellent organic material provided on the substrate , in which a plurality of regions having different concentrations of the water-repellent organic material are formed, and each of the regions having different concentrations continuously exists in a film thickness direction from a boundary surface with respect to the substrate to a surface of the water-repellent film. Preferably, in the regions having different concentrations, a region having a relatively higher concentration is formed into the shape of a column, and a region having a relatively lower concentration than that of the columnar region exists around the columnar region. 1. A water-repellent film , comprising:a substrate; anda water-repellent organic material provided on the substrate,wherein a plurality of regions having different concentrations of the water-repellent organic material are formed, andeach of the regions having different concentrations continuously exists in a film thickness direction from a boundary surface with respect to the substrate to a surface of the water-repellent film.2. A water-repellent film , comprising:a substrate; anda water-repellent organic material provided on the substrate,wherein a homogeneous layer having a homogeneous concentration of the water-repellent organic material is included on a surface of the water-repellent film,a plurality of regions having different concentrations of the water-repellent organic material are formed in the water-repellent film excluding the homogeneous layer, andeach of the regions having different concentrations continuously exists in a film thickness direction from a boundary surface with respect to the substrate to the homogeneous layer.3. The water-repellent film according to claim 1 ,wherein the regions having different concentrations are formed such that a region having a relatively higher concentration has a columnar structure, and a region having a relatively ...

HOT WATER SUPPLY APPARATUS USING ROTARY MAGNETIC BODY

The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying hot water and, more particularly, to a hot water supply apparatus using a revolving magnetic body, wherein the apparatus is driven with low power consumption while being environment-friendly and having excellent safety when hot water and heating are supplied, the apparatus including: a heat exchange body containing water, and including a circular heating pipe circumferentially provided in the heat exchange body; a stator provided to encompass an outside of the heat exchange body and wound with a plurality of coils, the stator being magnetized when an electric current is applied thereto, wherein the heating pipe includes therein a magnetic body that revolves along the circumference of the heating pipe due to a magnetic field formed by the stator, so that water is heated by frictional heat generated when the magnetic body revolves. 1. A hot water supply apparatus using a revolving magnetic body , the apparatus comprising:{'b': 100', '200, 'a heat exchange body () containing water, and including a circular heating pipe () circumferentially provided in the heat exchange body;'}{'b': 300', '100, 'a stator () provided to encompass an outside of the heat exchange body () and wound with a plurality of coils, the stator being magnetized when an electric current is applied thereto,'}{'b': 200', '10', '200', '300', '10, 'wherein the heating pipe () includes therein a magnetic body () that revolves along the circumference of the heating pipe () due to a magnetic field formed by the stator (), so that water is heated by frictional heat generated when the magnetic body () revolves.'}2100110120110. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange body () includes an inner cylinder () and an outer cylinder () positioned outside the inner cylinder () claim 1 , wherein{'b': 110', '120', '200', '100, 'water is contained between the inner and outer cylinders ( and ) and a plurality of heating pipes () is arranged in a ...

VEHICLE SURFACE WASH APPARATUS WITH HEATED WASH FLUID

A vehicle surface wash apparatus using a cavitation heater fluidically coupled between a fluid reservoir and a spray nozzle to instantaneously heat wash fluid to an elevated temperature prior to dispensing the heated wash fluid through a spray nozzle onto a vehicle surface to be cleaned. 1. A vehicle surface cleaning apparatus comprising:at least one spray nozzle positioned to dispense wash fluid onto a vehicle surface to be cleaned;a fluid reservoir for the wash fluid; and a housing coupled in fluid flow communication to the fluid reservoir and to the at least one spray nozzle; and', 'a rotor rotatably mounted within the housing, the rotor defining a plurality of cavities carried on an outer surface of the rotor to induce cavitation in the wash fluid in the housing during rotation of the rotor to heat the wash fluid to an elevated temperature for application through the at least one spray nozzle onto a vehicle surface., 'a fluid heater including2. The apparatus of further comprising:a motor coupled to the rotor for rotating the rotor; anda switch actuatable to supply power to the motor.3. The apparatus of wherein:each of the plurality of cavities defines an open end at an exterior surface of the rotor.4. The apparatus of wherein:the open end of each of the plurality of cavities is in close proximity to an interior wall of the housing.5. The apparatus of wherein:each of the plurality of cavities has a closed interior end spaced from the open end.6. The apparatus of wherein:the plurality of cavities extend over substantially the entire outer surface of the rotor.7. The apparatus of further comprising:a pump for providing wash fluid from the fluid reservoir through the housing to the at least one spray nozzle when the rotor is rotating within the housing.8. The apparatus of wherein:the pump is integrated within the housing.9. The apparatus of wherein:the pump is provided along a conduit passing wash fluid from the fluid reservoir to the housing and wherein the ...

Flameless Heater

A flameless heater includes a diesel engine, a hydraulic or electric load that is powered by the diesel engine thereby generating heat, a heat exchanger that transfers heat to air flowing through the air from the flameless heat source, and possibly other heat exchangers for heating the air flowing therethrough with engine coolant and/or with exhaust gases. The system may be operated to maintain relatively high load on the engine for at least the majority of the time so as to reduce or negate the need for parked regeneration. The system may also control airflow through the system and possibly other system parameters to obtain a given setpoint such as a given discharge air temperature. In one embodiment, airflow through the system is controlled by louvers under the power of an electric motor or other actuator controlled by the system's controller. 1. A flameless heater comprising:a. a diesel engine;b. a flameless heat source that is powered by the engine;c. a plenum having an ambient air inlet and a heated air outlet;d. a heater that receives heat energy from the heat source and that that heats air flowing through the plenum; ande. controls that control the engine, the heat source, and airflow through the plenum so to consistently maintain the engine at a sufficiently high load so as to avoid the need for parked regeneration to avoid soot buildup.2. The flameless heater of claim 1 , wherein the heat source is a hydraulic heat source that includes first and second restrictors through which pressurized hydraulic fluid can be selectively forced to generate heat claim 1 , and wherein the controls include a valve assembly that control fluid flow through first and second restrictors claim 1 , prioritizing flow through only the first restrictor.3. The flameless heater of claim 2 , wherein the valve assembly is switchable between 1) a first setting in which fluid flows through the first restrictor but not the second restrictor claim 2 , 2) a second setting in which hydraulic ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A SECOND TEMPERATURE VARIATION FROM A FIRST TEMPERATURE VARIATION

A device for generating a second temperature variation ΔTfrom a first use temperature variation ΔT, includes an elastocaloric material layer, having an internal temperature which is able to vary by ΔTin response to a given mechanical stress variation Δσ applied to the elastocaloric material layer. The variation Δσ being induced by the first use temperature variation ΔTThere is a suspended element in mechanical contact with the elastocaloric material layer so as to apply to this layer a mechanical stress that varies in response to the use temperature variation ΔT. The suspended element is arranged so as to make the mechanical stress applied to the elastocaloric material layer vary by Δσ in response to the temperature variation ΔTto generate the second temperature variation ΔT. 2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the internal temperature of the elastocaloric material is capable of varying by at least 1° C. in response to the given mechanical stress variation Δσ and the suspended element is formed so as to make the mechanical stress applied to the elastocaloric material layer vary by at least Δσ MPa in response to the use temperature variation ΔT.3. The device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the variation ΔTis greater than 10° C.4. The device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the variation Δσ in response to the variation ΔTis of at least 1 MPa.5. The device as claimed in for generating electricity claim 1 , wherein:the device includes a recess delimited by, on one side, a hot wall to dissipate heat inside the recess and, on the opposite side, a cold wall having a lower temperature than the hot wall,{'sub': '1', 'the suspended element is arranged inside the recess between the hot and cold walls, the suspended element being capable of deforming between a position closer to the hot wall to a position closer to the cold wall or conversely under the action of the variation ΔTin the temperature of one of these walls,'}{'sub': 2', '1', '2', '1, 'the elastocaloric ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING LIQUIDS

A fluid cavitation apparatus includes a housing, an external rotor with cavitation bores in an outer surface thereof, and a motor for rotating the external rotor. An inner surface of the housing is spaced from the outer surface of the external rotor to create a fluid cavitation zone. The inner surface of the housing is configured with a spiral shape and tunnel zone to enhance the thermal transfer characterisitics of the fluid for heating, cooling, and purification. A control system to facilitate proper motor speed, and fluid behavior to enhance the cavition process. 1. An apparatus for heating a fluid using cavitation comprising:a housing having an inlet for fluid to be heated and an outlet to discharge the heated fluid from the housing;an external rotor adapted to be fixed on a motor shaft and contained in the housing and adapted to rotate within the housing, the external rotor having a plurality of cavitation bores arranged in an outer surface thereof and the external rotor arranged within the housing to form a fluid heating zone between the outer surface of the external rotor and an inner surface of the housing that faces the outer surface of the external rotor,wherein the inner surface of the housing facing the bore-containing outer surface of the external rotor has a plurality of laterally spaced apart first tunnels zones running circumferentially along the inner surface, each first tunnel zone terminating in a first discharge zone, each first tunnel zone including a first ramp, each first discharge zone offset from an adjacent first discharge zone, fluid entering the housing being heated by interaction with the first tunnel zones and first ramps, bores in the external rotor, and external rotor rotation.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a stationary rotor head claim 1 , the stationary rotor head mounted in the housing and having an outer surface which faces an inner surface of the external rotor claim 1 , the outer surface of the stationary rotor ...

Method and apparatus for heating liquids

A fluid heating apparatus using cavitation includes a housing, an external rotor with cavitation bores in an outer surface thereof, and a motor for rotating the external rotor. An inner surface of the housing is spaced from the outer surface of the external rotor to create a fluid heating zone. The inner surface of the housing is configured with a spiral shape and wave form to enhance the heating of the fluid.

Device for Heating Liquid and Generating Steam

The present disclosure relates generally to devices and systems to heat a liquid and/or generate steam from a liquid. In a specific embodiment, the present disclosure relates generally to devices and systems to heat a liquid and/or generate steam from a liquid using molecular friction and/or nucleation. The devices and systems of the present disclosure may be used in any application where a heated liquid or steam are required and operate at reduced energy costs and carbon footprints as compared to devices of the prior art. 1. A device for generating a heated liquid or steam , the device comprising: a. a vessel having an interior portion for containing a liquid under pressure; and b. a transfer unit in the interior portion , the transfer unit comprising a plurality of activators , each of the activators comprising 2 membranes , each of the membranes having a first end and a second end and each of the membranes of each activator being in communication with the other on one of the first and second ends , wherein one of the activators is a ground activator and at least one of the activators is a hot activator , the hot activator being in communication with a power source to supply power to the hot activator.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the power source is an electrical generator.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the power source supplies alternating current.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a control unit.5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the control unit regulates power supplied to the hot activator and may optionally regulate one or more functions of the device.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device comprises a first activator and a second activator claim 1 , wherein the first activator is a ground activator and the second activator is a hot activator.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the second end of at least one membranes of the second activator is in contact with the ground activator.8. The device of claim 7 , wherein ...

Flameless Friction Heater

A flameless friction heater is a device for generating both heated air and hydronic heat within a single unit. A friction-generating assembly is positioned within an interior casing that is positioned within an exterior casing. The friction-generating assembly generates heat as a rotor disc is rotated against a friction clamp by a shaft. The rotor disc and the friction clamp are submerged within a quantity of water. A fan circulates air through the exterior casing and the air is heated as the air passes by the interior casing. The air is circulated from a first open end to a second open end of the exterior casing. The device may include a first fluid conduit and a second fluid conduit that are utilized to transport portions of the quantity of fluid into and out of the interior casing after the quantity of fluid is heated. 1. A flameless friction heater comprises:an exterior casing;an interior casing;a shaft;a fan;a friction-generating assembly;the friction-generating assembly comprises a rotor disc, a friction clamp, and a quantity of fluid;the shaft rotatably traversing into the exterior casing;the rotor disc being concentrically mounted to a first end of the shaft;the friction-generating assembly being positioned within the interior casing;the friction clamp being pressed against the rotor discthe friction clamp being fixed within the interior casing;the rotor disc and the friction clamp being submerged within the quantity of fluid;the rotor disc and the friction clamp being in thermal contact with the quantity of fluid;the interior casing being hermetically sealed within the exterior casing;the fan being rotatably connected to the shaft; andthe fan being positioned external to the interior casing.2. The flameless friction heater as claimed in further comprises:the rotor disc comprises a first surface, a second surface, and a lateral surface;the first surface and the second surface being positioned opposite to each other;the lateral surface being positioned in ...

HEATED CLEANING ARTICLES USING A REACTIVE METAL AND SALINE HEAT GENERATOR

Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal composition which upon contact with a salt water (e.g., saline) composition, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be provided adjacent to or surrounding the heat engine that includes an impermeable material (e.g., impermeable to water and/or air or other gas), which includes one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure directs water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad. 1. A selectively heatable cleaning article comprising:(a) a cleaning substrate material comprising one or more layers;(b) a heat engine comprising a reactive metal composition that generates heat upon contact with a salt water composition;(c) a handle attachable to the cleaning substrate, the handle including a delivery channel therethrough in fluid communication with the reactive metal composition of the heat engine so that upon introduction of an activating water composition through the delivery channel, the heat engine is activated, generating heat.2. The heated article of claim 1 , wherein the reactive metal composition comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium claim 1 , iron and mixtures thereof.3. The selectively heatable cleaning article of claim 1 , further comprising a venting structure surrounding or adjacent to the heat engine comprising a moisture impermeable material containing one or more vents through at least one surface of the moisture impermeable material for releasing steam and/or water vapor generated by the heat engine claim 1 ...

HEATED CLEANING ARTICLES USING A REACTIVE METAL AND OXYGEN HEAT GENERATOR

Cleaning articles including a heat engine incorporated therein. The cleaning article may include a substrate (e.g., a non-woven wipe) including one or more layers. The heat engine may be in the wipe or pad, and includes a reactive metal composition which upon contact with oxygen, reacts to produce heat. The cleaning article may thus heat water or a cleaning composition, and may produce water vapor and/or steam upon activation of the heat engine. A venting structure may be adjacent to the heat engine, and may include one or more vents through the impermeable material. The venting structure may allow air to access the reactive metal composition, and/or may direct water vapor and/or steam to a desired face of the cleaning article, away from the user. A heat barrier layer may insulate a user's hand from the generated heat, and/or a handle may be attachable to the pad. 1. A selectively heatable cleaning article comprising:(a) a substrate material comprising one or more layers;(b) a heat engine comprising a reactive metal composition that generates heat upon contact with oxygen; and(c) a handle attachable to the cleaning substrate.2. The heated article of claim 1 , wherein the reactive metal composition comprises metals selected from the group consisting of: zinc claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The heated article of claim 1 , wherein the reactive metal composition comprises zinc.4. The heated article of claim 1 , wherein the reactive metal composition further comprises a carbon promotor.5. The selectively heatable cleaning article of claim 1 , wherein the selectively heatable cleaning article further comprises a heat barrier layer on a face opposite from the surface of the cleaning article that bears against a surface to be cleaned during use.6. The selectively heatable cleaning article of claim 1 , further comprising an oxygen impermeable pouch or membrane surrounding the reactive metal composition.7. The ...

Endoscope defogging and pre-heating device

An endoscope defogging and pre-heating device includes a bag including a first seal line and first and second chambers defined at an opposite lateral sides relative to the first seal line, a heat storage/release material flowing between the first chamber and the second chamber for storing/releasing heat energy, a fixation device for securing the bag in a folded status to hold the endoscope to be pre-heated between the first and second chambers, and an actuator bendable to generate oscillation waves for causing the heat storage/release material to produce a temperature rise and then to release heat for pre-heating the loaded endoscope to about 98° F.˜138° F.

Container for Rapid Hot-Food Catering and Associated Heating Station

A container for rapid hot-food catering comprising a base part () and a cover part () disposed thereon, wherein the said parts together form a medium-tight chamber () for a meal portion to be heated. The base part comprises a primary heat transfer element () protruding into the chamber and comprising a metal sleeve () which extends into the base part and is provided with an upper closure cap, which metal sleeve is connected to the base part in a medium-tight manner. An associated heating station has a rod-like heating element which can be moved out of a contact surface for the container. 1. A container for rapid hot-food catering comprising a base part and a cover part disposed thereon , wherein the said parts together form a medium-tight chamber for a meal portion to be heated , and wherein at least the base part is made of a thermoplastic resin , characterized in that the base part comprises a primary heat transfer element protruding into the chamber and comprising a metal sleeve which extends into the base part and which is provided with an upper closure cap , the metal sleeve being connected to the base part in a medium-tight manner.2. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the primary heat transfer element is integrally formed from aluminum.3. The container according to claim 1 , wherein the cover part contains at least one medium-tightly closed compartment for separate storage of one component of the hot meal claim 1 , wherein a segment of the compartment facing the chamber can be removed from the outside in order to bring the stored component into the chamber.4. The container according to claim 1 , further comprising a secondary heat transfer element extending substantially parallel to the metal sleeve and spaced apart therefrom claim 1 , which secondary heat transfer element is thermally connected with the metal sleeve at least in a region near the base by means of a tertiary heat transfer element.5. The container according to claim 4 , wherein the ...

Cavitation engine

A cavitation engine configured to produce superheat steam from injected liquid water. The cavitation engine includes a funnel shaped impact chamber having an impact surface having a temperature of at least 375 degrees Fahrenheit, a small diameter opening at a bottom of the impact chamber, and an expansion chamber below the small diameter opening. The engine includes a fluid injector having an outlet positioned adjacent a largest diameter of the impact chamber and located to inject hyperbaric liquid water onto the impact surface of the impact chamber at supersonic velocities such that cavitation bubbles are present in the injected water. The outlet of the fluid injector and the impact surface are located relative to one another such that the outlet is spaced a distance from the impact surface of between 0.150 and 0.450 inches and the injected water hits the impact surface at an angle of between 85 and 95 degrees. Impact of the water with the impact surface crushes the cavitation bubbles in the injected water to generate pressure above 1,000 pounds per square inch and produce superheated steam.

Friction boiler

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 마찰보일러는, 난방수를 수용하는 온수탱크, 상기 온수탱크 내부에 위치하고, 상기 난방수와 열교환하는 열교환기 및 상기 열교환기에 연결되고 유체를 수용하는 하우징본체와 상기 하우징본체를 밀폐하도록 양측으로 결합되며, 상기 유체와 충돌하는 마찰하우징을 가지는 열원가열부를 포함하고, 상기 마찰하우징은, 내측에서 둘레방향을 따라 배치되며, 상기 둘레방향과 경사지도록 형성된 마찰면을 가지는 충돌마찰부를 포함할 수 있다.

Cavitation heater system

Cylindrical interior and exterior drums, each drum has a cylindrical side wall with primary and secondary end caps. Fixed primary and secondary supports are provided. Each support has a primary shaft with an interior end fixedly supported by a primary end cap of an interior drum and an exterior end rotatably supported in a support plate. A drive disc is secured to the primary shaft for rotation therewith. The drive disc has an angled exterior surface. The primary end cap of the exterior drum has an angled interior surface. A plurality of cones are in contact with the interior and exterior surfaces whereby rotation of the drive disc and the primary shaft and the interior drum will translate into counter rotation of the exterior drum. A quantity of fluid is located between the drums for generating heat in response to the counter rotation of the drums.

Systems for heating water used in hydraulic fracturing

A system for flameless heating of a fluid includes a hydraulic pump having an input shaft and a rotational power source coupled in torque-transmitting relationship with the input shaft of the hydraulic pump. A hydraulic fluid circuit is in fluid connection with an inlet port and an outlet port of the hydraulic pump. A water heat exchanger having a tank provided with water from a water source and a conduit provided with heated fluid from at least one of the hydraulic pump and the power source is arranged such that heat is transferred from the heated fluid in the conduit to the water in the tank. In one example, at least one valve in the hydraulic fluid circuit selectively limits output flow from the outlet port of the hydraulic pump, thereby providing resistance to pumping motion and heating the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic pump.

Apparatus and method for utilizing thermal energy

An apparatus is provided having a heat generation device such as a boiler. A hypersonic energy harvester is provided having a first input and a second input. The first input and the second input are fluidly coupled to the heat generation device. A variable speed pump is fluidly coupled to supply liquid from the heat generation device to the hypersonic energy harvester. A deaerator is fluidly coupled to receive condensate from the hypersonic energy harvester.

Redundant power control for respiratory system heaters

A humidification system is provided for a respiratory system is provided with a controller having two processors that monitor the operation of each other and of heating elements in the respiratory system to provide CPU redundancy and heating element control. Each heating element is provided with two control paths, for example a relay and a triac connected in series with the heating element and a power supply. Each heater element has one control path connected to a first one of the processors and at least one heating element has at least one control path connected to a second one of the controllers. A hardware watchdog monitors the operation of the first processor, and can be triggered by a signal from the second processor, in response to which it can disable all heating elements.

Hot water boiler using frictional heat

별도의 열원이 필요하지 않고 마찰열을 이용하여 손쉽게 온수를 얻을 수 있는 온수장치가 개시된다. 본 고안의 온수장치는 온수가 저장되는 가열조, 가열조 내부에 배치되는 열판의 표면에 형성된 마찰면을 회전하는 회동체 또는 열판의 마찰면을 슬라이딩하는 슬라이드판으로 구성된 마찰열 발생장치, 열판에 홈으로 형성된 급탕수로, 가열조와 연결되는 온수 급수관과 온수 배수관, 및 급탕수로와 연결되는 급탕 급수관과 급탕 배수관으로 구성된다. 열원으로 마찰열을 사용하는 것으로서 화재나 폭발의 위험이 없는 안전한 온수장치를 제공할 수 있으며, 조립이 간단하여 온수장치의 이전 설치가 간편하며, 온수와 급탕을 용이하게 제공할 수 있다. Disclosed is a hot water device that can easily obtain hot water using frictional heat without requiring a separate heat source. The hot water device of the present invention is a friction heat generator composed of a heating tank for storing hot water, a rotating body rotating on a friction surface formed on a surface of a heating plate disposed inside the heating tank, or a slide plate sliding a friction surface of the heating plate, and a groove on the heating plate. The hot-water supply water is formed of a hot water supply pipe and hot water drain pipe connected to the heating tank, and the hot water supply water pipe connected to the hot water supply passage and the hot water supply drain pipe. By using frictional heat as a heat source, it is possible to provide a safe hot water device without the risk of fire or explosion, and the simple assembly of the hot water device can be easily installed, and hot water and hot water can be easily provided.

Systems and methods for transferring heat and/or sound during fluid extraction and/or cleaning processes

Systems and methods for transferring heat and/or sound during liquid extraction and/or cleaning processes are disclosed. A fluid extraction system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a fluid extractor having an outlet positioned to deliver extracted waste fluid, and a fluid tank operatively coupled to the extractor. A blower, having an air intake and an air outlet through which blower air passes, is operatively coupled to the extractor outlet to draw the extracted waste fluid from the extractor. A muffler is positioned at least partially within the liquid tank and has a flow path along which the blower air passes. In particular embodiments, the muffler can also provide a heat exchanger function, for example, to heat cleaning fluid provided to the extractor.

Energy absorbing composition and impact and sound absorbing applications thereof

A substantially non-elastic incompressible composition, which substantially does not quickly self-level under standard operating conditions, includes: a suspending agent which reacts substantially as a solid when subjected to forces below a critical force, and which becomes substantially flowable when subjected to forces above said critical force. Aspects include compositions comprising one or more of ceramic microparticulates, flexible-walled microparticulates, celled macroparticulates, and fibers dispersed within the suspending agent, and energy absorbing applications thereof. Another aspect comprises thin-walled macrospheres containing a substantially non-elastic incompressible composition.

Heating apparatus

The present invention is directed to suppressing cracks in the surface layer of the rotating member including fluororesin. According to the present invention, there is provided a heating apparatus comprising: a rotating member which has a surface layer comprising fluororesin, flexibility, and is open at both ends thereof; a heating member for heating the rotating member; a holding member for the rotating member, which is disposed inside the rotating member and has a sliding surface against an inner peripheral surface of the rotating member; and a pressurizing member for forming a nip portion together with the rotating member, the heating apparatus heating a recording material while conveying the recording material by nipping at the nip portion and rotating the rotating member and the pressurizing member, wherein a lubricant comprising a straight-chain and a side-chain type perfluoropolyethers is interposed between the rotating member and the sliding surface of the holding member.

SYSTEM FOR OPTIMUM USE OF HEAT PUMP FOR RECOVERY OF HEAT FROM ONE OR MULTIPLE HEAT MASKS AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURE LEVELS

A heat pump cooling effect and heat factor rises sharply as a function of the evapn. temp. at constant condensing temp. In order to recover as much heat as possible from e.g. combustion gases, it is necessary to work with a low evapn. temp. - The system makes it possible to recover heat which requires a low evapn. temp. and for the heat pump to work with a high average heat factor. On the heat carrier side, accumulators are used with a mixt. valve. A control system prioritises the charging of the accumulators in a sequence which gives the highest average effect and heat factor.

System för optimalt utnyttjande av värmepump för återvinning av värme från en eller flera värmekällor vid olika temperaturnivåer

Heat producing device for primary circuit - transfers heat energy to secondary circuit via heat exchanger with energy produced by compressor

Cavitation engine

A cavitation engine configured to produce superheat steam from injected liquid water. The cavitation engine includes a funnel shaped impact chamber having an impact surface having a temperature of at least 375 degrees Fahrenheit, a small diameter opening at a bottom of the impact chamber, and an expansion chamber below the small diameter opening. The engine includes a fluid injector having an outlet positioned adjacent a largest diameter of the impact chamber and located to inject hyperbaric liquid water onto the impact surface of the impact chamber at supersonic velocities such that cavitation bubbles are present in the injected water. The outlet of the fluid injector and the impact surface are located relative to one another such that the outlet is spaced a distance from the impact surface of between 0.150 and 0.450 inches and the injected water hits the impact surface at an angle of between 85 and 95 degrees. Impact of the water with the impact surface crushes the cavitation bubbles in the injected water to generate pressure above 1,000 pounds per square inch and produce superheated steam.

System för optimalt utnyttjande av luftvärmare och/eller tappvatten för återvinning av värme med eller utan värmepump från en eller flera värmekällor vid olika temperaturnivåer

Anordning foer att alstra vaerme i en primaerkrets

마찰열의 열 효율을 이용한 히터

본 발명은 열효율 라는 과제를 해결하기 위해 고안된 아이디어 IP이다. 본 발명은 과학기술 세부분야중 열전도과학에 해당된다. 상기 발명에 앞서서 보일러, 마찰도구, 등이 발명되었다. 기존 발명과는 달리 마찰열과 열수집을 하여 현대사회에 발맞추어 사용자가 손쉽게 이용할 수 있도록 한다. 1. 공식 ( fick's law of temperature)를 이용한다. 2. 위 공식에 있어서 오차 계산 범위에서 test 통계검증을 하여 유의수준 5%에서 물품생산 3. 상기 공식을 실생활에 접합하여 지속적인 계산값을 공식 1에 넣는다.

Anordning vid vermepumpar eller liknande

Saett och anordning foer vaermeoeverfoering

Anordning för omvandling av rörelseenergi till värmeenergi hos ett vätskeformigt medium

Anordning vid vermepumpar eller liknande

Vermepumpanleggning

Saett och anordning foer vaermeoeverfoering foer att foerhindra avlagringar o dyl paa vaermevaexlarytorna i en fri vaetskevolym

Heat-source selecting device for heat source system, method thereof, and heat source system

A heat source system has a plurality of heat sources that can be utilized therein. The plurality of heat sources include unused heat such as sewage and wastewater generated in a facility in which an external load that receives a supply of heating medium heated or cooled by using the heat sources is installed. A system control device ( 10 ) of the heat source system determines potential temperatures and amounts of potential heat of the individual heat sources; and selects heat sources based on the potential temperatures and the amounts of potential heat.

Anordning för omvandling av rörelseenergi till värmeenergi hos ett vätskeformigt medium

Module for condensing expelled vapors and for cooling turbine effluent

A module for a thermal power plant for condensing expelled vapors and cooling turbine effluent from the drained turbine includes a first unit designed to condense expelled vapors as well as a second unit designed to cool the turbine effluent, condensate from the first unit being transferable to the second unit.

Endoscope defogging and pre-heating device

An endoscope defogging and pre-heating device includes a bag including a first seal line and first and second chambers defined at an opposite lateral sides relative to the first seal line, a heat storage/release material flowing between the first chamber and the second chamber for storing/releasing heat energy, a fixation device for securing the bag in a folded status to hold the endoscope to be pre-heated between the first and second chambers, and an actuator bendable to generate oscillation waves for causing the heat storage/release material to produce a temperature rise and then to release heat for pre-heating the loaded endoscope to about 98° F.˜138° F.

Engine heater control system

An energy consumption controller may be communicatively coupled with a plurality of alternative energy sources and an engine. The controller may be configured to manage energy consumption from the alternative energy sources interconnected with the engine and to keep the engine within a desired temperature range. Within the desired temperature range, the engine will start and run at a full load more rapidly than if the engine cooled excessively. The controller may change the selected energy source as required, based on factors such as cost, engine maintenance and testing and/or imminent need of the engine.

Deep sea water extraction for source of cooling in offshore operations

The present invention relates to the utilization of deep ocean seawater in cooling water for offshore process applications. The present invention contemplates extracting deep seawater from regions of the ocean having minimal biological productivity for use as cooling water in offshore operations. In one embodiment, a sea water extraction system according to the invention may include a submersible pump, a pipe and riser, a floating vessel, a transfer pipe, and a cooling water heat exchanger system.

Process and apparatus for transferring heat from a first medium to a second medium

A process of transferring heat from a first relatively cold medium to a second relatively hot medium features rotating a contained amount of a compressible fluid about an axis of rotation, thus generating a radial temperature gradient in the fluid, and heating the second medium by the fluid in a section of the fluid relatively far from the axis of rotation. An apparatus for carrying out the process includes a gastight drum rotatably mounted in a frame, and a first heat exchanger mounted inside the drum relatively far from the axis of rotation of the drum.

Liquefier for a heat pump and heat pump

A liquefier for a heat pump includes a liquefier space and a process water tank. The process water tank is arranged within the liquefier space such that it is substantially surrounded by liquefied working fluid. A wall of the process water tank, however, is spaced from a wall of the process water tank so that a gap formed to communicate with the region of the heat pump in which compressed gas is present is obtained, so that the process water tank is thermally insulated from the space for liquefied working fluid via this gas-filled gap. The liquefier itself may also be surrounded by the gas region, in order to provide for inexpensive insulation of the liquefier.

Entrochemical energy transfer system and a process for obtaining work from environmental thermal energy

An entrochemical energy transfer system and a related process for obtaining work from environmental thermal energy are disclosed. In one example, a plurality of linked entrochemical cells with nested chambers provides an aggregate thermal gradient of each entrochemical cell by transferring environmental thermal energy in and/or out of the plurality of linked entrochemical cells. The aggregate thermal gradient generated from the plurality of linked entrochemical cells can be utilized as an environmentally-friendly energy source for human needs. The entrochemical energy transfer system and the related process for obtaining work from environmental thermal energy utilize a set of entropy transfers from Earth's day and night thermal energy inflows and outflows. Furthermore, in one example, the process for obtaining work from environmental thermal energy involves two steps, each step resulting in entropic increases and transfers.

Metastable gas heating

A heating apparatus includes a gas supply for providing a base gas, a generator configured to excite the base gas to produce a metastable gas mixture that includes a metastable gas, and a housing. The housing includes a wall shaped to contain the metastable gas mixture and selectively enclose a reactive element of a target component. Interaction between the metastable gas and at least one of a coupling material and the reactive element transfers energy to selectively heat the at least one of the coupling material and the target component.

Temperature control of a circulation fluid system by thermally optimised operation of a circulation pump

A thermally optimised circulation fluid system is proposed which comprises a circulation line, a circulation pump unit and a control unit. The circulation pump unit and the circulation line together form a circulation circuit. The circulation pump unit is configured for transferring an amount of thermal energy directly or indirectly to a fluid located in the circulation line. The control unit is configured for adjusting the amount of thermal energy which is transferrable to the fluid.

Steam power generating system and method thereof

A steam power generating system is provided with an inflow pipe, a split-flow member disposed rearward of a screw-plug with the inflow pipe passing through, a blocking member disposed rearward of the split-flow member, a cylindrical case disposed rearward of the blocking member, a thermal conductor in the case, a base disposed rearward of the case, a porous member disposed rearward of the base, a hollow cylinder secured onto the screw-plug, the split-flow member, the blocking member, the cylindrical case, and the porous member, a heat source around the cylinder, an insulation member around the heat source, a steam output disposed rearward of the porous member, a power conversion device disposed rearward of the steam output for receiving steam therefrom, and a cooling device interconnecting the power conversion device and a pump.

Device and method for warming a seat

An air permeable envelope has a gripper for securing the envelope to a seat. A mixture contained in the air permeable envelope can react exothermically upon exposure to air. A sealed bag that is relatively air impermeable, initially holds the air permeable envelope and mixture together with the gripper. Upon opening and unsealing the bag, the mixture is exposed to air in order to start an exothermic reaction. The envelope and the gripper are removed from the bag and the gripper is used to attach the envelope upon the seat to warm it.

Vehicle surface wash apparatus with heated wash fluid

A vehicle surface wash apparatus using a cavitation heater fluidically coupled between a fluid reservoir and a spray nozzle to instantaneously heat wash fluid to an elevated temperature prior to dispensing the heated wash fluid through a spray nozzle onto a vehicle surface to be cleaned.

Viscous coolant heater with variable coolant pump drive

A vehicle heating system having a first viscous clutch and a pump and viscous clutch mechanism. The first viscous clutch has a first clutch input member. The pump and viscous clutch mechanism has a pump and a second viscous clutch. The pump includes a pump input member, while the second viscous clutch includes a second clutch input member. One of the pump input member and the second clutch input member is drivingly coupled to a portion of the first viscous clutch.

Device and method for generating a second temperature variation from a first temperature variation

A device for generating a second temperature variation ΔT 2 from a first use temperature variation ΔT 1 , includes an elastocaloric material layer, having an internal temperature which is able to vary by ΔT 2 in response to a given mechanical stress variation Δσ applied to the elastocaloric material layer. The variation Δσ being induced by the first use temperature variation ΔT 1 There is a suspended element in mechanical contact with the elastocaloric material layer so as to apply to this layer a mechanical stress that varies in response to the use temperature variation ΔT 1 . The suspended element is arranged so as to make the mechanical stress applied to the elastocaloric material layer vary by Δσ in response to the temperature variation ΔT 1 , to generate the second temperature variation ΔT 2 .

Container for rapid hot-food catering and associated heating station

A container for rapid hot-food catering comprising a base part ( 2 ) and a cover part ( 4 ) disposed thereon, wherein the said parts together form a medium-tight chamber ( 6 ) for a meal portion to be heated. The base part comprises a primary heat transfer element ( 8 ) protruding into the chamber and comprising a metal sleeve ( 10 ) which extends into the base part and is provided with an upper closure cap, which metal sleeve is connected to the base part in a medium-tight manner. An associated heating station has a rod-like heating element which can be moved out of a contact surface for the container.