УСТРОЙСТВО ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИКЛА БРАЙТОНА

Для обеспечения устройства 100 охлаждения на основе цикла Брайтона, использующего множество ступеней компрессоров и имеющего хороший отклик без снижения эффективности вследствие изменения в тепловой нагрузке охлаждаемого объекта, устройство (100) охлаждения на основе цикла Брайтона, соответствующее настоящему изобретению, содержит, в линии (101) хладагента, несколько ступеней компрессоров (102а, 102b, 102с); датчик (160) температуры для детектирования тепловой нагрузки объекта охлаждения и буферный резервуар (111), обеспеченный между линией (109) низкого давления и линией (110) высокого давления. Расход хладагента в линии хладагента регулируется путем регулировки степени открытия клапанов (112, 113), чтобы корректировать холодопроизводительность. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 8 ил.

Многоступенчатый тепловой насос

Изобретение относится к теплоэнергетике, а именно к области тепловых насосов, и может быть использовано для теплоснабжения зданий и сооружений, когда требуются источники теплоты одновременно двух и более температурных уровней или нагрев теплоносителя, значительно изменяющего свою температуру в процессе нагрева. Многоступенчатый тепловой насос содержит по крайней мере две ступени с компрессорами и конденсаторами, соединенными через сепараторы, терморегулирующие вентили. В первой ступени испаритель соединен выходом по пару со входом компрессора первой ступени. Выход по пару от компрессора первой ступени соединен со входом конденсатора первой ступени. Конденсатор первой ступени выходом по пароконденсатной смеси соединен с сепаратором первой ступени. Выход по конденсату из сепаратора первой ступени соединен со входом в терморегулирующий вентиль первой ступени, выход которого по пароконденсатной смеси соединен со входом испарителя. В последней ступени сепаратор соединен выходом по пару со входом ...

Каскадная холодильная машина с системой термостабилизации компрессора

Изобретение относится к холодильной технике и может быть использовано для охлаждения объектов или поддержания их низкой температуры за счет получения холода на низком температурном уровне (ниже - 120°С). Система термостабилизации компрессора содержит последовательно установленные соленоидный вентиль линии термостабилизации, управляемый программируемым блоком управления, обратный клапан линии термостабилизации, дросселирующее устройство линии термостабилизации. Вход в соленоидный вентиль линии термостабилизации расположен после конденсатора-переохладителя нижней ветви каскада, а выход соединен с компрессором нижней ветви каскада. Техническим результатом является стабилизация температурного режима компрессора нижней ветви каскада каскадной холодильной машины при работе в переходных режимах и при термостатировании в автоматическом режиме без внешних дополнительных устройств охлаждения. 3 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

СИСТЕМА ТЕПЛОВОГО НАСОСА И СПОСОБ ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ И/ИЛИ НАГРЕВАНИЯ С ПОМОЩЬЮ УКАЗАННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

... 1. Система (100) теплового насоса, содержащая:- первый гидравлический контур (1), подходящий для осуществления цикла теплового насоса с первой рабочей жидкостью, которая в течение части указанного цикла объединяется по меньшей мере с одним вспомогательным веществом так, чтобы образовать с ним физическую систему, при этом указанный первый гидравлический контур (1) содержит:- первое устройство (10) обработки указанной физической системы, посредством которого по меньшей мере фракция первой рабочей жидкости отделяется от указанной физической системы;- первый конденсатор (11), посредством которого первая рабочая жидкость, которая была отделена, по меньшей мере частично конденсируется с высвобождением тепла;- первый испаритель (13), посредством которого первая рабочая жидкость, которая была сконденсирована, по меньшей мере частично испаряется, поглощая тепло, и- второе устройство (14) обработки указанной физической системы, посредством которого первая рабочая жидкость, которая была испарена, ...

ХОЛОДИЛЬНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ХОЛОДА

... 1. Холодильная система (2), содержащая схему (4) холодильного цикла, имеющую, по ходу потока, компрессор (8), охладитель (10) газа, первое расширительное устройство (12), резервуар (14) среднего давления, второе расширительное устройство (16), испаритель (18) и трубопроводы (22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32) хладагента, по которым осуществляется циркуляция хладагента, причем в первом расширительном устройстве (12) хладагент расширяется до уровня среднего давления, при этом первый трубопровод (22) хладагента из трубопроводов (22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32) хладагента соединяет компрессор (8) и охладитель (10) газа, и второй трубопровод (24) хладагента из трубопроводов (22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32) хладагента соединяет охладитель (10) газа и первое расширительное устройство (12), первый трубопровод (22) хладагента, охладитель (10) газа и второй трубопровод (24) хладагента образуют участок околокритического режима схемы (4) холодильного цикла, а компрессор (8) работает так, что хладагент находится в околокритическом ...

Recovery of clean, valuable materials from electrical cable terminations and electronic scrap

This new method recycles electrical scrap, e.g. scrap cable sleeving, terminations, and electronic waste. The scrap is embrittled at low temperatures, size- reduced and separated. Embrittlement is carried out sealed off from the surroundings, by air cooling in countercurrent, firstly to about -35 deg C and then to about -85 deg C. Deep frozen scrap is size reduced and then separated by permanent magnetic- and induced high frequency magnetic fields, into ferrous and non-ferrous metal. The condenser of the second cooling circuit is cooled by the first coolant circuit. Also claimed is the plant recycling cable terminations (23) and other electronic waste. It comprises freezing section, comminutor and sorter. The freezing section has separate bins. It includes two cascaded steps (6, 7) each with a freezing tunnel (26, 34) and countercurrent airflow (30). The comminuter is a hammer mill (16). For sorting, a permanent magnet drum and non ferrous metal separator are used.

KÜHL- UND GEFRIERANLAGE.

Vorrichtung zur Unterkühlung von Kondensat in Kältekreisläufen

Heat pump device

A heat pump device which is constructed as a two-circuit system enables especially high temperatures to be reached, due to a special arrangement of heat exchangers. ...

Refrigeration apparatus able to provide space heating

A refrigeration apparatus 2 which can also provide space heating, comprising a first section 3 and a second section 5, the refrigeration apparatus operating as a cascade system with carbon dioxide in the first circuit 3 and a refrigerant such as propane in the second circuit 5. The refrigeration apparatus 2 is also able to operate in a single stage subcritical manner using the carbon dioxide as a primary refrigerant. The system being switched from cascade to single stage by use of a converting means, the converting means may be a switch to deactivate the second stage or a diverter to divert the CO2 flow away from condenser 8. Space heating is provided through a heat exchanger 16 in the second circuit.

Refrigeration apparatus

Apparatus for providing three separate functions of heating, cooling, and simultanous heating and cooling

Refrigeration system

A refrigeration system includes first and second refrigerant circuits each having a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, each of the refrigerant circuits being charged with an organic refrigerant. The evaporator of the first refrigerant circuit is divided into a plurality of evaporator portions connected together in series. The condenser of the second refrigerant circuit is divided into condenser portions equal in number to the number of the evaporator portions of the first refrigerant circuit. The condenser portions of the second refrigerant circuit are paired with the evaporator portions of the first refrigerant circuit to provide heat exchangers. The refrigerant of the second refrigerant circuit is a mixture of refrigerants different in kind and in boiling point.

Heat recovery system

A heat recovery system 10 for recovering heat energy from a building or facility refrigeration system or air conditioning system 8. The system has a recovery circuit arranged to recover heat from the refrigeration system or the air conditioning system by use of a secondary refrigeration system. The secondary refrigeration system includes a compressor 28, a condenser 30 downstream of the compressor, an expansion valve 46 downstream of the condenser. In use, hot refrigerant passes from the compressor and through the condenser which is cooled by a coolant fluid, and a valve 25 controls pressure and temperature of the refrigerant at the compressor suction of the secondary refrigeration system and provides a fixed or maximum refrigerant pressure and a fixed or maximum refrigerant superheat temperature at the inlet to the secondary refrigeration system compressor. The coolant fluid is heated as it passes through the condenser, and provides the means to recover heat from the main refrigeration ...

Heat pump device

This heat pump device is provided with a first refrigerant circuit, second refrigerant circuit, heat storage circuit, and water circuit, the first refrigerant circuit has a configuration wherein a first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, third heat exchanger, and fourth heat exchanger are connected, and the second refrigerant circuit has a configuration wherein a fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected. The water circuit has: a first water circuit, in which a pump, the first heat exchanger, and the fifth heat exchanger are connected; a second water circuit, which is branched from, between the pump and the first heat exchanger, the first water circuit, and connected to, between the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, the first water circuit; and a third water circuit, which is branched from the first water circuit in the downstream of the fifth heat exchanger, and connected to the first water circuit in the upstream of the pump via the sixth heat ...

Apparatus for providing three separate functions of heating, cooling, and simultaneous heating and cooling

Compositions

A composition comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132a); ethane (R-170) and, optionally carbon dioxide (CO2, R-744). The composition preferably has a low GWP and may further comprise a lubricant, a stabiliser or a flame retardant. The composition may be a refrigerant, a foam or a sprayable composition. The composition may be used in a heat transfer device e.g. automotive air conditioning systems, chiller refrigeration systems. Also shown are methods of cooling, heating, extraction and cleaning using the composition.

Apparatus and method for cryo-preservation during transport and storage of items and/or substances

The invention relates to apparatus and a method for the creation and provision of a cryogenic cooling environment for at least a predetermined period of time within a predefined volume in a first chamber with a heat exchanger. The apparatus may include a second chamber with a heat exchanger and means for utilising ambient air, refrigeration apparatus to cool said ambient air to or below a predetermined temperature to create the cryogenic cooling environment in at least the second chamber at or below -110 degrees Celsius. The apparatus includes a compressor and control means for control of the operation of the apparatus to create an initial controlled ambient air cool down stage to create cooled air followed by the use of a vapour cycle refrigeration system in which the said cooled air is used as the means to create the cooling medium for said volume. There is also provided a method for allowing an intervention in the operation of a refrigeration system for creating a cryogenic storage environment ...

Process of gas cooling and liquefaction at low point of boiling.

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES

TRANSKRITISCHES CO2 WÄRME-KÄLTE-VERBUNDSYSTEM

The system (1) has an evaporator stage comprising parallel evaporators in which liquid carbon dioxide expands to gas phase by extracting heat from environment. Compressor stages (4a-4c) compress and heat the gaseous carbon dioxide. An external cooler (7) emits the heated carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. A downstream collector (10) decompresses and condenses the carbon dioxide. A re-cooler (8) e.g. heat exchanger, and a control valve (9) are arranged between the outdoor cooler and the collector for controlling pressure in a carbon dioxide circuit.

Luftbefeuchter

Es wird ein Luftbefeuchter mit einem Wasservorratsbehälter (4) und einem im Was­servorratsbehälter (4) angeordneten Wärmetauscher (3) beschrieben, der sekundärseitig an den Wasservorratsbehälter (4) angeschlossen ist. Um einen wirtschaftlich günstigen Betrieb des Luftbefeuchters sicherzustellen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Wärmetauscher (3) primärseitig als Kondensator in den Kältemittelkreis einer Wärmepumpe eingebunden und sekundärseitig an eine Dampfverteilerleitung (6) angeschlossen ist.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR COOLING GAS.

RAUMHEIZUNGSANLAGE

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE COOLING

HEAT PUMP CONTROL

Vector drive for vapor compression systems

Described is a vector control system for a vapor compression circuit. The vector control system may monitor the vapor compression circuit and adjust the speed of one or more motors to increase efficiency by taking into account the torque forces placed on a compressor motor.

Hot water supply system

Cascading plant

An integrated refrigeration and air conditioning plant working in a cascade cycle with two different refrigerants for the low and high temperature circuits. The low temperature segment works with an ozone friendly synthetic refrigerant with a minimal amount of refrigerant charge, while the upper stage operates with another ozone friendly refrigerant with much lesser global warming potential than the one in the low stage. The upper and/or medium temperature circuit also services the air conditioning needs of the environment where the refrigerated equipment is located, such as the shop floor of a supermarket or a laboratory housing the cabinets that keep refrigerators.

Heat pump system

A heat pump system (1) has such a configuration that a first utilization unit (4a) which performs hot water supply operation for heating a water medium and a second utilization unit (10a) which performs cooling/ heating operation for cooling or heating an air medium are connected with a common heat source unit (2) in a state where the hot water supply operation, cooling operation or heating operation cannot be selected individually, and the heat pump system can be operated by switching to a temperature control mode which is different from the switching state of a heat source side switching mechanism (23) as a temperature control mode which is commanded by a first utilization side controller (77a).

Supercritical fluid chromatography system

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

Air-conditioning apparatus

The present invention obtains an air conditioner device that is able to have more minute low-pressure gas piping even when a refrigerant having a low refrigerant density at low pressures is used. The present invention is provided with: a refrigerant cycling circuit (10) that comprises a compressor (1), a heat-source-side heat exchanger (3), a throttle device (20), and a use-side heat exchanger (21) connected by piping, and that cycles a refrigerant having a saturated refrigerant gas density at 0°C that is 35-65% of that of R410A refrigerant; and a supercooling means (supercooling heat exchanger (4), throttle device (5), and bypass circuit (7)) that, during a cooling operation, causes the solution temperature of high-pressure liquid refrigerant sent from the heat-source-side heat exchanger (3) to the throttle device (20) to be no greater than 5°C.

Ice machine with a dual-circuit evaporator for hydrocarbon refrigerant

An ice making machine having a refrigeration system designed for hydrocarbon (HC) refrigerants, and particularly propane (R-290), that includes dual independent refrigeration systems and a unique evaporator assembly comprising of a single freeze plate attached to two cooling circuits. The serpentines are designed in an advantageous pattern that promotes efficiency by ensuring the even bridging of ice during freezing and minimizing unwanted melting during harvest by providing an even distribution of the heat load. The charge limitations imposed with flammable refrigerants would otherwise prevent large capacity ice maker from being properly charged with a single circuit. The ice making machine includes a single water circuit and control system to ensure the proper and efficient production of ice. Material cost is conserved as compared to a traditional dual system icemaker.

Refrigerating device

CASCADE HEAT PUMP FOR HEATING WATER AND FOR COOLING OR HEATING A COMFORT ZONE

A JET PUMP SYSTEM FOR HEAT AND COLD MANAGEMENT, APPARATUS, ARRANGEMENT AND METHODS OF USE

A pumping system, method and computer readable medium for temperature management. The system comprises generator means for connection to an energy source, preferably waste heat or solar energy; condenser means; evaporator means; and pressure means comprising at least one supersonic ejector to receive and provide flow paths for input primary and secondary flows, the input primary flow being a gaseous or a liquid flow. The method comprises providing and operatively connecting energy source means, condenser means, evaporator means, generator means and a pressure means comprising at least one supersonic ejector to receive input primary and secondary flows from a flow path; selecting and delivering a supply of temperature management fluid to the flow path; and selectively adjusting the configuration and operational parameters of the ejectors in response to monitored temperature values and operating conditions. The system economically provides improved efficiency for heating, cooling or refrigeration ...

LOW TEMPERATURE FAIL-SAFE CASCADE COOLING APPARATUS

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MULTI-STAGE REFRIGERATION

Systems and methods for multi-stage refrigeration in mixed refrigerant and cascade refrigeration cycles using one or more liquid motive eductors.

COOLING SYSTEM

A system includes a flash tank, a first load, a second load, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first valve, and a second valve. The flash tank stores a refrigerant. The first and second loads use the refrigerant to cool first and second spaces. The first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load during a first mode of operation and a flash gas from the flash tank during a second mode of operation. The second compressor compresses a mixture of the refrigerant from the first and second loads during the first mode of operation. The first valve directs the flash gas from the flash tank to the first compressor during the second mode of operation. The second valve directs the compressed flash gas from the first compressor to the first load during the second mode of operation to defrost the first load.

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH INTEGRATED AIR CONDITIONING BY A HIGH PRESSURE EXPANSION VALVE

A system includes a flash tank coupled to refrigeration cases, and the flash tank houses a first refrigerant. The system further includes a gas cooler to cool the first refrigerant, a heat exchanger coupled to an air conditioning system, and a first high pressure expansion valve coupled to the gas cooler. The first high pressure expansion valve reduces a pressure of the first refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler to the heat exchanger. The system includes a second high pressure expansion valve coupled to the gas cooler, which reduces a pressure of the first refrigerant flowing from the gas cooler to the flash tank. The heat exchanger is coupled to the first high pressure expansion valve, and the heat exchanger receives the first refrigerant from the high pressure expansion valve, receives a second refrigerant from an air conditioning system, and provides cooling to the second refrigerant using the first refrigerant.

VECTOR DRIVE FOR VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEMS

Described is a vector control system for a vapor compression circuit. The vector control system may monitor the vapor compression circuit and adjust the speed of one or more motors to increase efficiency by taking into account the torque forces placed on a compressor motor.

COOLING LOOP WITH A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID SYSTEM USING COMPRESSED REFRIGERANT FLUID FLOW WITH A POSITIVE JOULE-THOMSON COEFFICIENT

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and. a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive ...

METHOD FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT CONDITIONING OF AIR

The current invention relates to a method for conditioning air, the method comprising flowing a first air flow (5) within a first ventilation system (2) past a first cooling coil (107), which is connected to a cooling system (3) with a cooling fluid (6) and a cooler (109), characterised in that the temperature of the first air flow (5), when passing the first cooling coil (107), is lower than the temperature of the cooling fluid (6) flowing through the first cooling coil (107) and that the first air flow (5) is heated and the cooling fluid (6) flowing through the first cooling coil (107) is cooled, when the first air flow (5) passes through the first cooling coil (107).

METHOD FOR CONDITIONING AIR

The current invention relates to a method for conditioning air, the method comprising flowing a first air flow (5) within a first ventilation system (2) past a first cooling coil (107), which is connected to a cooling system (3) with a cooling fluid (6) and a cooler (109), characterised in that the temperature of the first air flow (5), when passing the first cooling coil (107), is lower than the temperature of the cooling fluid (6) flowing through the first cooling coil (107) and that the first air flow (5) is heated and the cooling fluid (6) flowing through the first cooling coil (107) is cooled, when the first air flow (5) passes through the first cooling coil (107).

AIRCRAFT THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A thermal management system for an aircraft is provided. The thermal management system may comprise a first vapor compression circuit, a second vapor compression circuit, and an intercooler. The first vapor compression circuit may define a first flowpath for fluid compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation. The second vapor compression circuit may define a second flowpath for fluid compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation. The intercooler may be disposed in cascading thermal communication between the first vapor compression circuit and the second vapor compression circuit. Generally, heat generated by the aircraft may be transferred to the first vapor compression circuit during aircraft operation.

CARBON DIOXIDE COOLING SYSTEM WITH SUBCOOLING

A subcooling controller includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor measures one or more of a temperature external to a first heat exchanger that removes heat from carbon dioxide refrigerant, a temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, and a pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant. The processor determines that one or more of the measured temperature external to the first heat exchanger, the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is above a threshold and in response to that determination, activates a subcooling system. The subcooling system includes a condenser, a second heat exchanger, and a compressor. The condenser removes heat from a second refrigerant. The second heat removes heat from the carbon dioxide refrigerant stored in a flash tank. The compressor compresses the second refrigerant from the second heat exchanger and sends the second refrigerant to the condenser.

COOLING SYSTEMS AND METHODS INCORPORATING A PLURAL IN SERIES PUMPED LIQUID REFRIGERANT TRIM EVAPORATOR CYCLE

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to a plural in- series pumped liquid refrigerant trim evaporator cycle that may be incorporated into an existing cooling system to increase the efficiency of the existing cooling system. The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, such as a heat load being cooled by the existing cooling system, and a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil. The cooling systems further includes a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to incrementally further cool the air intake flow ...

MECHANICAL SUBCOOLING OF TRANSCRITICAL R744 REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS USING SEPARATE R-744 OR OTHER REFRIGERANTS UNITS FOR MECHANICAL SUBCOOLING AND AS A HEAT PUMP FOR HEAT RECLAIM PURPOSES

A mechanical subcooling system operatively connectable to a transcritical R- 744 refrigeration system resulting in an energy efficiency ratio of a level comparable to that of refrigeration systems using common refrigerants. Mechanical subcooling increases the refrigeration capacity without increasing the power consumption of the refrigeration system's compressors. The compressors used to provide the refrigeration capacity for the subcooling process operate at much more favorable conditions, thus having a very high energy efficiency ratio. The result is higher refrigeration capacity and lower power consumption.

LOW CHARGE HYDROCARBON REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A refrigeration system including a plurality of circuits that have one or more heat exchangers providing heat exchange relationship relative to one or more of the other circuits. At least one of the circuits circulates a hydrocarbon refrigerant and includes a chiller unit or a merchandiser that has an evaporator.

CASCADE FLOATING INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP SYSTEM

A cascade heat pump system is configured with variable- speed compressors which allow operation at a high system coefficient of performance for a given thermal load. An electronic control module may be utilized to dynamically vary the speed of the compressors to achieve maximum energy efficiency. Variable- speed fans or blowers may also be used.

C02 REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH HOT GAS DEFROST

A C02 refrigeration system has an LT system with LT compressors and LT evaporators, and an MT system with MT compressors and MT evaporators, operating in a refrigeration mode and a defrost mode using C02 hot gas discharge from the MT and/or the LT compressors to defrost the LT evaporators. A C02 refrigerant circuit directs C02 refrigerant through the system and has an LT compressor discharge line with a hot gas discharge valve, a C02 hot gas defrost supply header directing C02 hot gas discharge from the LT and/or the MT compressors to the LT evaporators, a flash tank supplying C02 refrigerant to the MT and LT evaporators during the refrigeration mode, and receiving the C02 hot gas discharge from the LT evaporators during the defrost mode, and a control system directing the C02 hot gas discharge through the LT evaporators and to the flash tank during the defrost mode.

HEAT PUMP SYSTEM

A heat pump and a method for operating a heat pump having at least one circuit for circulation of a refrigerant, said circuit comprising a compressor, a condenser as a hightemperature heat output means, an expansion valve and a lowtemperature heat output means, said method comprising the steps of employing, as the condenser, a counterflow heat exchanger having a once-through flow path and a concentrical double-tube structure, passing a fluid to be heated and a refrigerant to be cooled through the condenser in absolute countercurrent flow with each other, withdrawing a heated fluid and a cooled refrigerant from the condenser and operating said condenser to obtain a supercool degree such that the following relationship is satisfied: supercool degree 0.4 ? saturated refrigerant temperature inlet temperature of fluid to be heated wherein supercool degree is defined as the temperature difference between the saturated refrigerant temperature and the outlet temperature of the refrigerant and the ...

PRECOOLING SYSTEM FOR JOULE-THOMSON PROBE

A miniature mixed gas refrigeration system and method is disclosed. A selected gas mixture is compressed to less than 420 psia for safety reasons. The compressed gas mixture is passed through a primary heat exchanger (140) and a primary/secondary heat exchanger (240) to precool the gas mixture. The secondary side of the primary/secondary heat exchanger is cooled by a secondary Joule-Thomson refrigeration system (200). Flow restrictions in the primary side of the primary/secondary heat exchanger (240) can solidify and trap liquid contaminants. The gas mixture exiting the primary outlet of the primary/secondary heat exchanger (240) passes to a primary expansion element (150) to expand isenthalpically to a to 183K or below to cool a heat transfer element. Return gas through the primary heat exchanger (140) precools the incoming high pressure gas mixture. A distal primary heat exchanger (160) can be added between the primary/secondary heat exchanger (240) and the primary expansion element ( ...

Wärmepumpenanlage, deren Wärmepumpen nach Art der Kompressions-Kältemaschinen arbeiten.

Wärmepumpenanlage.

Wärmepumpe.

Wärmepumpen-Anlage mit mindestens zwei mit verschiedenen Wärmemitteln betriebenen Wärmepumpensystemen.

Verfahren zum Betrieb von Kälteanlagen mit mehrstufiger Entspannung.

PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COLD WEATHER.

Cooling system.

Ein Kühlsystem besitzt einen Tiefkühlkreis (11) zum Kühlen wenigstens eines Tiefkühlraums (19), einen Normalkühlkreis (13) zum Kühlen wenigstens eines Normalkühlraums (31) und einen Wärmeaustauscher (15), über den der Tiefkühlkreis (11) und der Normalkühlkreis (13) in einer Kaskadenschaltung thermisch gekoppelt sind. Erfindungsgemäss ist der Kaskadenwärmeaustauscher (15) in dem Normalkühlraum (31) angeordnet. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner die Verwendung eines Wärmeaustauschers (15) sowohl zur thermischen Kopplung eines Tiefkühlkreises (11) und eines Normalkühlkreises (13), als auch zum Kühlen eines Normalkühlraums (31).

Two-dimensional refrigerating plant

POMPE A CHALEUR

LA PRESENTE INVENTION CONCERNE UNE POMPE A CHALEUR. POMPE CARACTERISEE EN CE QUE LE COMPRESSEUR 1 EST LOGE, ENSEMBLE AVEC LE CONDENSEUR 3, DANS UNE ENCEINTE FERMEE 4 MUNIE D'UNE ISOLATION 5, SEUL L'EVAPORATEUR 2 ETANT PLACE A L'EXTERIEUR DE CETTE ENCEINTE. L'INVENTION EST PLUS PARTICULIEREMENT APPLICABLE DANS LE DOMAINE DU CHAUFFAGE DE LOCAUX, OU D'EAU CHAUDE SANITAIRE.

HEATING INSTALLATION WITH INTEGRATED HYDRAULIC GEARBOX MODULES

VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEM TWO-STAGED.

COLD STORE INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING TWO CIRCUITS IN CASCADE.

Air cooled heat exchanger - has convoluted tubes with additional independent heat exchanger for recovery of waste heat connected in closed circuit

SYSTEM OF REFRIGERATION

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUBCOOLING LIQUID REFRIGERANT CIRCUITS

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A refrigeration system (1) in which a load applied to a compressor at the time of restart can be lessened by making it possible to collect refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit quickly into an expansion tank at the time of stopping the compressor. The refrigeration system (1) comprises a refrigerant circuit (38) exhibiting a cooling action by condensing refrigerant delivered from the compressor (20) and then evaporating the refrigerant, wherein an expansion tank (65) is connected with the suction side piping (20S) of the compressor (20) through a capillary tube (66), a check valve (67) is connected in parallel with the capillary tube (66), and the direction of the expansion tank (65) is set in the forward direction of the check valve. © KIPO & WIPO 2009 ...

냉동 장치의 디프로스트 시스템 및 냉각 유닛

... 냉동고의 내부에 설치되고, 케이싱의 내부에 도설된 열교환관 및 드레인 받이부를 가지는 냉각기와, CO2 냉매를 냉각 액화하는 냉동기와, 상기 냉동기로 냉각 액화된 CO2 냉매를 상기 열교환관에 순환시키기 위한 냉매 회로와, 상기 열교환관의 입구로 및 출구로로부터 분기하고, 상기 열교환관과 더불어 CO2 순환로를 형성하는 디프로스트 회로와, 디프로스트시에 닫아 상기 CO2 순환로를 폐회로로 하는 개폐 밸브와, 디프로스트시에 상기 폐회로를 순환하는 CO2 냉매를 압력 조정하기 위한 압력 조정부와, 상기 냉각기보다 하방에 설치되고, 상기 디프로스트 회로 및 제1 가열 매체인 브라인이 순환하는 제1 브라인 회로가 도설되며, 상기 브라인으로 상기 디프로스트 회로를 순환하는 CO2 냉매를 가열하기 위한 제1 열교환부를 구비하고, 디프로스트시에 상기 폐회로에서 CO2 냉매를 서모사이펀 작용에 의해 자연 순환시킨다.

A united type system of air conditioning and cooling

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A refrigeration system (1) in which a load applied to a compressor at the time of restart can be lessened by making it possible to collect refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit quickly into an expansion tank at the time of stopping the compressor. The refrigeration system (1) comprises a refrigerant circuit (38) exhibiting a cooling action by condensing refrigerant delivered from the compressor (20) and then evaporating the refrigerant, wherein an expansion tank (65) is connected with the suction side piping (20S) of the compressor (20) through a capillary tube (66), a check valve (67) is connected in parallel with the capillary tube (66), and the direction of the expansion tank (65) is set in the forward direction of the check valve.

Defrost system

The present invention relates to a defrost system for defrosting components on which frost is formed, where the defrost system comprises at least one compressor, which compressor has a hot gas outlet, which is connected to condensing means, from where primarily liquid refiiger- ant is connected to pressure reduction means, from where the flushing refrigerant is led towards evaporator means. The object of the invention is to perform effective defrosting by a defrost system. This can be achieved if the defrost system is formed as an independent cooling system, where the condensing means are transmitting heat to the defrosting components, where the evaporator is cooperating with external cooling means or from the refrigeration system, enabling defrost without deflecting the main system. It can hereby be achieved that the defrost system can operate completely independent of another refrigeration system. All negative effects with traditional defrost operation of refrigeration systems are overcome ...

OPTIMIZED THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM FOR THERMOVINIFICATION

This thermodynamic system allows, on the one side, the cooling of a first composition obtained from grapes and, on another side, the heating of a second composition obtained from grapes. This system comprises: the first exchanger (6) allowing the first composition to be cooled, a second exchanger (22) allowing the second composition to be heated, a first refrigerant circuit (2) comprising a pressure reducer and a compressor and supplying the first exchanger (6), a second refrigerant circuit (4) separate from the first circuit and comprising an evaporator and a condenser and supplying the second exchanger (22), and a third heat exchanger (32) exchanging heat between the first circuit (2) and the second circuit (4).

COMBINED BINARY REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

According to a combined binary refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention, two high temperature side refrigerating circuits (R1a, R1b), which comprise water-refrigerant heat exchangers (2A, 2B) which perform heat exchange between water and a refrigerant discharged from high tem­perature side compressors (5, 11), and two low temperature side refr­igerating circuits (R2a, R2b), which comprise an evaporator consisting of air-heat exchangers (21, 28), are disposed at the same case (K). Each of the two high temperature side refrigerating circuits (R1a, R1b) is capable of exchanging heat with both of the two low temperature side refrigerating circuits (R2a, R2b) through cascade heat exchangers (9, 15), and comprises a hot water pipe which circulates water or hot water to the water-refrigerant heat exchangers (2A, 2B) of the high temperature side refrigerating circuits (R1a, R1b). Furthermore, with regard to the low temperature side ref­rigerating circuits (R2a, R2b), when the low ...

MODULAR CABINET FOR ULTRA-LOW TEMPERATURE FREEZER

A storage cabinet (16) is provided for an ultra-low temperature freezer (10). The cabinet (16) includes a base platform (62a), a plurality of side structural insulated panels (45, 50, 55) each defining a side wall of the storage cabinet (16), and a plurality of generally vertically oriented posts (40) extending from the base platform (62a). Each of the plurality of vertically oriented posts (40) has a slot (40a) for receiving an edge portion (45a, 50a, 55a) of one of the insulated panels (45, 50, 55) therealong. The slot (40a) may have a generally U-shaped profile that surrounds the edge portion (45a, 50a, 55a) of one of the insulated panels (45, 50, 55). At least one of the generally vertically oriented posts (40) has a channel (40c) that extends along a longitudinal dimension thereof, the channel (40c) being configured to receive one of insulation, tubing, or wiring of the freezer therethrough.

Efficient heat exchanger for refrigeration process

Aspects of the invention are found in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger includes a fluid inlet manifold, a fluid outlet manifold, a plurality of heat transfer channels configured to communicate with the fluid inlet manifold and the fluid outlet manifold, and packing located within the fluid inlet manifold. Further aspects of the invention are found in a refrigeration system. The refrigeration system includes a compressor and at least one heat exchanger coupled to the compressor. The at least one heat exchanger includes a header, packing located in the header, and a heat transfer channel. The heat transfer channel is configured to receive fluid passing through the header and the packing.

Cryo-refrigeration system

A mechanical refrigeration process in which two or more systems are connected in series to provide successively lower temperature levels. Each system utilizes mixtures of refrigerants and/or inert gases having different boiling points. The mixture is compressed to a suitable pressure and compression heat is rejected to the environment. The mixture is cooled by heat exchange with mixture returning to the compressor. The liquid and gas phases are separated and the separated gas mixture is further cooled to form liquid, by heat exchange with mixture returning to the compressor. The liquid is expanded to a given lower pressure to achieve the desired low temperature. The expanded fluid absorbs heat to provide refrigeration. The liquid expanded to the lower pressure is mixed with the used fluid which absorbed heat to provide refrigeration. The capacity of the system is controlled by throttling the compressor suction.

Refrigeration apparatus and method of manufacturing same

PCT No. PCT/JP97/04865 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 18, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 18, 1998 PCT Filed Dec. 25, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/29699 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 9, 1998All components of an existing R22 refrigeration apparatus, exclusive of an indoor unit (A) and an existing line (21b), are removed. A refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger (2) and a refrigerant pump (23) are connected to the existing line (21b) to form a secondary refrigerant circuit (20). The R-R heat exchanger (2) is connected to a primary refrigerant circuit (10). Both the circuits (10) and (20) are charged with an R407C refrigerant. It is arranged such that the design pressure of the primary line (11) exceeds that of a secondary line (21) which was designed for a R22 refrigerant.

WATER-COOLED CARBON DIOXIDE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A refrigeration primary stage and a secondary stage, the primary and secondary stages being thermally coupled to one another via a first heat exchanger. The primary stage including a closed-loop CO2 refrigeration system comprising having a primary evaporator located in a region to be cooled, a primary compressor and a water-cooled primary condenser that forms at least a part of the first heat exchanger and being water-cooled by the secondary stage. The secondary stage including a closed-loop water-based cooling system having the first heat exchanger, a pump adapted to pump cooling water around the secondary stage, and a heat sink. Temperature at the (final) heat sink of the system does not need to be maintained below the supercritical temperature of the refrigerant, the primary (CO2) stage is operated below its supercritical temperature-pressure regime at relatively high ambient temperatures.

Methods to Reduce Chlorophyll Co-Extraction Through Extraction of Select Moieties Essential Oils and Aromatic Isolates

A system, machines and methods for extracting select moieties, flavonoids, and essential oils from plant material without co-extracting chlorophyll lipids and other undesirable constituents from plants. Super-cooled extraction techniques are taught. Likewise, according to embodiments methods provides 100% grain ethyl alcohol extract with a concentration of chlorophyll that is below 1%.

Heat pump system

A heat pump system includes a refrigerant circuit and a controller. In a heating operation, the usage-side expansion valve is controlled so that a degree of subcooling of outlet refrigerant of the usage-side heat exchanger is equal to a predetermined target degree of subcooling. In a refrigerant recovery control, the heat-source-side expansion valve is controlled so that a degree of superheat of outlet refrigerant of the heat-source-side heat exchanger is equal to a predetermined target degree of superheat, the predetermined target degree of superheat is changed so that the outlet refrigerant of the heat-source-side heat exchanger is wet when the usage-side expansion valve is opened greater than a predetermined opening degree at a start of refrigerant recovery, and change in the predetermined target degree of superheat is cancelled when the usage-side expansion valve is closed smaller than a predetermined opening degree at an end of refrigerant recovery.

REFRIGERATING SYSTEM AND PURIFICATION METHOD FOR THE SAME

The present invention provides a refrigerating system, including: a refrigerating loop (100), including a compressor (190), a condenser (110), a main throttling element (180), and an evaporator (120) that are connected in sequence through a pipeline; and a purification loop (200), including a purification compressor (210), a purification condenser (220), a purification throttling element (240), and a low-temperature separator (230) that are connected in sequence through a pipeline, the purification loop being bidirectionally connected to the refrigerating loop through the low temperature separator and configured to separate a non-condensable gas in the refrigerating loop; wherein the purification condenser is capable of exchanging heat with a refrigerant in the refrigerating loop. Thus, efficient and reliable separation of the refrigerant and the non-condensable gas is achieved.

REFRIGERATION APPARATUS

Provided is a refrigeration apparatus capable of appropriately supplying oil separated by oil separators to compressors according to the situation. The refrigeration apparatus includes refrigeration units each including a compressor, an oil separator, an oil return pipe, and a heat dissipation heat exchanger; a pressure reducing valve connected to the heat dissipation heat exchangers; and an oil return control mechanism controlling a return destination of the oil separated by the oil separators. The oil return control mechanism includes an oil supply pipe connecting the oil return pipes; a flow control mechanism, controlling a flowing condition of oil in the oil supply pipe, disposed in the oil supply pipe; and an ejection control mechanism, controlling an ejection condition of oil ejected from the oil separator, disposed in each oil return pipe at a position closer to the oil separator than a connection position with the oil supply pipe is.

MULTI-REFRIGERATION-CYCLE APPARATUS

A multi-refrigeration-cycle apparatus capable of reducing an installation area for equipment installed in a sub-fab and capable of shortening a pipe for delivering a cooling medium to a semiconductor-device manufacturing equipment is disclosed. The multi-refrigeration-cycle apparatus includes: a first refrigeration cycle having a first refrigerant for performing heat exchange with a cooling medium for cooling the semiconductor-device manufacturing equipment, the first refrigerant circulating in the first refrigeration cycle; and a second refrigeration cycle having a second refrigerant for performing heat exchange with the first refrigerant, the second refrigerant circulating in the second refrigeration cycle. At least a part of the first refrigeration cycle is arranged in a clean room where the semiconductor-device manufacturing equipment is installed, and the second refrigeration cycle is arranged in a sub-fab.

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION

The invention relates to a refrigeration method and equipment for cooling the inside of a container, or a coolant circulating in a refrigeration circuit of a vehicle and/or of a supercharger, which uses an air current as a working fluid and comprises the steps of: compressing; cooling in coolers coupled to an ejection cycle; expanding, to reduce the temperature of the air current and obtain mechanical energy from same; refrigerating, to allow an exchange of thermal energy between the air current resulting from the expansion step and the coolant of the refrigeration circuit or the inside of the container; and regenerating, to allow an exchange of thermal energy between the air current resulting from the compression step, reducing the temperature thereof, and the air current resulting from the regenerating step, increasing the temperature thereof.

HEAT PUMP SYSTEM

A heat pump system (1) has a configuration in which a first usage unit (4a) for performing a hot-water supply operation of heating an aqueous medium and a second usage unit (10a) for performing air-cooling and air-warming operations of cooling or heating an air medium are both connected to a shared heat source unit (2) in such a manner that they are incapable of individually selecting and operating a hot-water supply operation, an air-cooling operation, or an air-warming operation, and the heat pump system is capable of switching operation to a thermoregulation mode different from the switched state of a heat-source-side switching mechanism (23) as a thermoregulation mode commanded by a first usage-side controller (77a).

CO2 REFRIGERANT SYSTEM WITH BOOSTER CIRCUIT

THERMAL POWER UPGRADE FACILITY

Cryogenic refrigerator

A cryogenic refrigerator (1) includes a cylinder (12), a displacer (14) accommodated in the cylinder (12) so as to reciprocate inside the cylinder (12) with a gap (40) formed between the periphery of the displacer (14) and the interior surface of the cylinder (12), and a depressed part (38) formed on at least one of the periphery of the displacer (14) and the interior surface of the cylinder (12). The ratio of the volume of the depressed part (38) to the volume of the gap (40) satisfies a condition of 8 ≤ Vd/Vg ≤ 75, where Vd is the volume of the depressed part (38) and Vg is the volume of the gap (40).

REFRIGERATION UNIT

An outside air temperature sensor (231) for detecting the temperature of outside air, and a control means (240) for controlling the operating capacity of a supercool compressor (221) are provided. The control means (240) controls the operation of the supercool compressor (221) based on the state of refrigerant of a refrigerant circuit (20) flowing through a supercool heat exchanger (210) and the temperature of outside air detected by the outside air temperature sensor (231).

HEAT PUMP DEVICE

Refrigeration plant

Refrigeration process having a primary circuit with a modular structure and using a mixture The refrigeration system has a primary circuit that has a number of modules having a compressor, evaporator and condenser that circulates a refrigerant fluid. The high(4) and low(5) pressure sides are connected to heat exchangers. The secondary loop connects with cooling locations(8). The primary has a mixture dependent upon the required temperature.

LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM WITH A ROTARY PRESSURE EXCHANGER REPLACING THE BULK FLOW COMPRESSOR AND THE HIGH PRESSURE EXPANSION VALVE

HIGH-EFFICIENCY LOW-TEMPERATURE STORAGE DEVICE

CONTROL, DIAGNOSTICS, AND ARCHITECTURE FOR MICRO BOOSTER SUPERMARKET REFRIGERATION ARCHITECTURE

冷凍装置の昇華デフロストシステム及び昇華デフロスト方法

COMBINED SYSTEM OF AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE AND HOT-WATER SUPPLY DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combined system of an air conditioning device and a hot-water supply device achieving convenience, comfort and energy-saving by simultaneously and stably providing air-conditioning (heating or cooling) and hot-water supply. SOLUTION: This combined system of the air conditioning device and the hot-water supply device includes a refrigeration cycle for air conditioning, including a heat source machine A, an indoor unit B, a hot-water supply heat source circuit D provided with a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 41 and a throttle means 119 for a hot water supply heat source, and a branch unit C for dividing a refrigerant flowing to the indoor unit and the hot-water supply heat source circuit in a state of connecting the indoor unit to the hot-water supply heat source circuit in parallel, and connected with the heat source machine by at least two connection pipes 106, 107 through the branch unit, and a hot-water supply refrigeration cycle formed by ...

REFRIGERATING DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a proper switching operation of a four-way selector valve without requiring a command signal for controlling each circuit for a secondary refrigerant system having a heat source side circuit and a use side circuit. SOLUTION: The use side refrigerant circuit B of a secondary refrigerant 3 system is composed by connecting a pump 11, a four-way selector valve 12, an indoor heat exchanger 13 and the using heat transfer pipe 5B of an intermediate heat exchanger 5 through a refrigerant piping 14. The liquid side of the using side heat transfer pipe 5B is connected to one of a pair of operating chambers 16a and 16b formed at both sides of the piston 17 of the four-way selector valve 12 and the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 13 is connected to the other. During circulation of refrigernat, the refrigerant is evaporated by one of the indoor heat exchanger 13 and the use side heat transfer pipe 5B and the refrigerant is condensed by the other, the piston ...

Heating system and heating system control method

A heating system includes: a heat generation unit which generates heat using electricity supplied through a second power system of a lower electricity rate; a heat storage unit which stores heat generated by the heat generation unit; a heat radiation unit which radiates heat stored in the heat storage unit; and a control unit which causes, when receiving a signal from a power supplier indicating that a supply of electricity through the second power system is to be stopped after an elapse of a predetermined period of time, the heat generation unit generates additional heat that is required while the supply of electricity through the second power system being suspended, during a period of time from when the signal is received to when the supply of electricity through the second power system is stopped.

Cascade refrigeration system with fluoroolefin refrigerant

The present invention relates to a cascade refrigeration system which circulates a refrigerant comprising a fluoroolefin therethrough. The cascade refrigeration system includes a low temperature refrigeration loop and a medium temperature refrigeration loop. The fluoroolefin circulates through either loop, or both. In a particular embodiment, the fluoroolefin circulates through the medium temperature loop. In a particular embodiment, where the cascade refrigeration system includes a first and a second cascade heat exchanger, and a secondary heat transfer loop which extends between the first and second cascade heat exchangers, either the first and/or second refrigerant may be, but need not necessarily be, a fluoroolefin.

Co2 refrigeration system for ice-playing surface

A CO 2 refrigeration system for an ice-playing surface comprises a transfer circuit, a CO 2 refrigerant circuit and an independent condensation circuit. A transfer refrigerant circulates between a condensation heat exchanger and an evaporation heat exchanger. The CO 2 circuit is in relation with the condensation heat exchanger to release heat from the CO 2 refrigerant. The CO 2 circuit comprises a CO 2 condensation reservoir and an evaporation stage to receive the CO 2 refrigerant from the condensation reservoir. The independent circuit is in relation with the refrigerant of the transfer circuit at the evaporation heat exchanger. The independent circuit comprises a magnetically operated compressor to compress a secondary refrigerant, a condensation stage and an evaporation stage in which the secondary refrigerant absorbs heat.

Cooling system for high density heat load

A cooling system for transferring heat from a heat load to an environment has a volatile working fluid. The cooling system includes first and second cooling cycles that are thermally connected to the first cooling cycle. The first cooling cycle is not a vapor compression cycle and includes a pump, an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, and a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger. The second cooling cycle can include a chilled water system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment. Alternatively, the second cooling cycle can include a vapor compression system for transferring heat from the fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger to the environment.

Air-conditioning apparatus

An air-conditioning apparatus once transfers energy to a heat medium other than a refrigerant and introduces the heat medium to another refrigeration cycle to achieve safety improvement and high efficiency. An air-conditioning apparatus allows first heat exchangers related to heat medium to exchange heat between a first refrigerant (heat source side refrigerant) and a first heat medium and allows a second heat exchanger related to heat medium to exchange heat between the first heat medium and a second refrigerant (hot water supply side refrigerant), such that the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant are prevented from mixing with each other.

Integrated heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system

A combined heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (“HVACR”) system including an HVAC sub-system and a refrigeration sub-system. The HVAC sub-system is in communication with an open space of an indoor environment and includes a first condenser, a first evaporator, and a first compressor at least partially defining a first refrigerant circuit circulating a first refrigerant for selectively conditioning an airflow within the HVAC sub

CASCADE HEAT PUMP

Provided is a cascade heat pump. The cascade heat pump includes a first refrigerant cycle including a first compressor and a first indoor heat exchanger, a second refrigerant cycle including a second compressor and a second indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger in which a refrigerant compressed in the first compressor or the second compressor is condensed, a bypass tube allowing the refrigerant compressed in the second compressor to bypass the first compressor, thereby flowing into a discharge side of the first compressor, and a first flow rate regulating part disposed on a discharge side of the second compressor to introduce the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor into one of the first compressor and the bypass tube. 1. A cascade heat pump comprising:a first refrigerant cycle comprising a first compressor and a first indoor heat exchanger;a second refrigerant cycle comprising a second compressor and a second indoor heat exchanger;an outdoor heat exchanger in which a refrigerant compressed in the first compressor or the second compressor is condensed;a bypass tube allowing the refrigerant compressed in the second compressor to bypass the first compressor, thereby flowing into a discharge side of the first compressor; anda first flow rate regulating part disposed on a discharge side of the second compressor to introduce the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor into one of the first compressor and the bypass tube.2. The cascade heat pump according to claim 1 , wherein the bypass tube has one end connected to the first flow rate regulating part and the other end connected to the discharge side of the first compressor.3. The cascade heat pump according to claim 1 , further comprising a third refrigerant cycle disposed on a side of the first refrigerant cycle or the second refrigerant cycle claim 1 , the third refrigerant cycle comprising a third compressor and a third indoor heat exchanger to perform a cooling or heating operation.4 ...

Refrigerating apparatus

A refrigerating apparatus includes a high temperature side first cycle; a high temperature side second cycle; a low temperature side cycle in which carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant; a first cascade condenser and a second cascade condenser, which each exchange heat between a high temperature side refrigerant and a low temperature side refrigerant; and a control unit lowering an evaporation temperature of a high temperature side evaporator in correspondence to the flow of the low temperature side refrigerant.

High performance freezer having cylindrical cabinet

A high performance freezer includes a deck and a cabinet supported above the deck and having a cabinet housing defining a generally cylindrical shape. The freezer includes a door supported by the cabinet housing that moves between open and closed positions by sliding or pivoting generally along the side wall of the cabinet. The freezer further includes a refrigeration system mounted at least partially within the deck and partially within the cabinet to refrigerate an inner chamber of the freezer. The cylindrical shape of the cabinet enables rotation of shelves within the inner chamber and a maximized storage space with a minimal floor space required.

HEAT PUMP DEVICE

A heat pump device heats a second heat medium to a high temperature with high efficiency by using a secondary-loop refrigeration cycle while achieving a cooling operation and a heating operation simultaneously in a state where reliability and efficiency are ensured. 1. A heat pump device comprising:a first refrigerant circuit that makes a first refrigerant circulate therethrough by connecting a first compressor, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a first on-off device, and a refrigerant-side passage in a heat exchanger related to heat medium with refrigerant pipes;a first heat medium circuit that makes a first heat medium circulate therethrough by connecting a pump, a use-side heat exchanger, a heat-medium-side passage in the heat exchanger related to heat medium with heat medium pipes;a second refrigerant circuit that makes a second refrigerant circulate therethrough by connecting a second compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second expansion device, and a second heat exchanger with refrigerant pipes; anda second heat medium circuit that makes a second heat medium circulate therethrough, the second heat medium exchanging heat with the second refrigerant via the first heat exchanger,wherein the first compressor and the heat-source-side heat exchanger are included in an outdoor unit,wherein the first expansion device, the first on-off device, the heat exchanger related to heat medium, and the pump are included in a heat medium relay unit,wherein the use-side heat exchanger is included in an indoor unit,wherein the second compressor, the first heat exchanger, the second expansion device, and the second heat exchanger are included in a water heating unit, andwherein the first refrigerant circuit and the second refrigerant circuit are connected to each other via the second heat exchanger included in the water heating unit, and the first heat exchanger is capable to heat the second heat medium,wherein a third expansion device is provided at an ...

Combined hot water supply and air-conditioning device

A combined hot water supply and air-conditioning device supplies heat source even in a case where the outside air temperature is high such as in summertime. In heating operation, a combined hot water supply and air-conditioning device controls the capacity of a heat source unit-side heat exchanger equipped to a heat source unit to thereby achieve a balance between the load of the heat source unit, and the total load of indoor units and a hot water supply unit.

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An air-conditioning apparatus includes a heat medium flow control device that adjusts the flow rate of a heat medium circulating in a use side heat exchanger, temperature sensors that are disposed in an inlet-side passage and an outlet-side passage of the use side heat exchanger and that detect temperatures of the heat medium, and a controller that controls the heat medium flow control device so that a temperature difference between a detection value of the temperature sensors is equal to a first target value. A refrigerant flowing through a refrigerant flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium and a heat medium flowing through a heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium are in counter flow relative to one another, and the controller changes the first target value in accordance with an operation state of a refrigerant circuit. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant passage switching device that switches a passage of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a first expansion device, and a refrigerant flow passage of a heat exchanger related to heat medium are connected via a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant is distributed;a heat medium circuit in which a heat medium flow passage of the heat exchanger related to heat medium, a heat medium sending device, a use side heat exchanger, and a heat medium flow control device, the heat medium flow control device being disposed in an inlet-side passage or outlet-side passage of the use side heat exchanger and controlling a flow rate of the heat medium circulating in the use side heat exchanger, are connected via a heat medium pipe through which a heat medium is distributed; anda controller that controls the heat medium flow control devicewherein the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture including two or more ...

Heat Pump Type Air-Warming Device

A unitary-side heat pump unit is configured so that a refrigerant circulates sequentially through a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and an evaporator, and heat exchange with heat media of a heating unit is carried out in the first heat exchanger; a binary-side heat pump unit is configured so that a refrigerant circulates sequentially through a second compressor, a second heat exchanger, a second expansion valve and a cascade heat exchanger, and heat exchange with heat media of the heating unit is carried out in the second heat exchanger; the refrigerants of the unitary-side and binary-side heat pump units include carbon dioxide (CO) as a main component; and high pressure-side sections of the unitary-side and binary-side heat pump units are activated within substantially identical pressure ranges of supercritical pressure. 1. A heat pump-type heating device comprising:a heating unit that circulates heat media to a heating terminal;a unitary-side heat pump unit in which refrigerant circulates sequentially through a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a cascade heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and an evaporator, and heat exchange with the heat media of the heating unit is carried out in the first heat exchanger;a binary-side heat pump unit in which refrigerant circulates sequentially through a second compressor, a second heat exchanger, a second expansion valve and a cascade heat exchanger, and heat exchange with heat media of a heating unit is carried out in the second heat exchanger; anda controller that controls the heating unit and the unitary-side and binary-side heat pump units, whereinthe refrigerants of the unitary-side and binary-side heat pump units include carbon dioxide as a main component; andthe controller activates both high pressure-side sections of the unitary-side and binary-side heat pump units within substantially identical pressure ranges of supercritical pressure.2. The heat ...

Reliable cooling system for operation with a two-phase refrigerant

A cooling system, in particular for use on board an aircraft, includes a first cooling circuit allowing circulation of a two-phase refrigerant therethrough, a first evaporator disposed in the first cooling circuit, a first condenser disposed in the first cooling circuit, and a first heat sink adapted to provide cooling energy to the first condenser. The cooling system further includes a second cooling circuit allowing circulation of a two-phase refrigerant therethrough, a second evaporator disposed in the second cooling circuit, a second condenser disposed in the second cooling circuit, a second heat sink adapted to provide cooling energy to the second condenser, and a cooling energy transfer arrangement which is adapted to transfer cooling energy provided by the first heat sink and/or the first condenser to the second cooling circuit or to transfer cooling energy provided by the second heat sink and/or the second condenser to the first cooling circuit.

Energy efficiency of air conditioning system by using dual suction compressor

A method for selectively transferring latent and sensible heat from air in a cooling system of a building structure interior volume that includes at least the steps of: (1) providing a building structure air conditioning system that provides cooling to at least a portion of the interior volume of a building structure and (2) adjusting a ratio of a time coolant flows through the first evaporator to a time coolant flows through the second evaporator such that coolant flows through the first evaporator for more time than the second evaporator when more latent heat is removed from the air and more coolant flows through the second evaporator for more time than the first evaporator when more sensible heat is removed from the air.

Retrofittable thermal storage for air conditioning systems

A system and method to retrofit a building structure having a forced air cooling system with a thermal storage system. The method typically includes the steps of installing a coolant loop that is free of a compressor, and a condenser, where the coolant loop comprises a refrigerant fluid pump and refrigerant fluid conduits that deliver coolant loop refrigerant fluid to a coolant loop evaporator spaced within a building air cooling passageway that delivers air to at least a portion of the interior volume of the a building structure and in thermal communication with air passing through the passageway and where the coolant loop is in thermal communication with a thermal energy storage material within a thermal energy thermal storage fluid tank; and activating the coolant loop pump to provide cooling to the coolant loop evaporator thereby cooling air moving in the building air passageway of a building structure.

Fin-coil design for a dual suction air conditioning unit

An evaporator system that includes: a first evaporator coil at a first evaporator temperature and pressure; a second evaporator coil at a second evaporator temperature and pressure that is less than the first evaporator temperature and pressure where the first evaporator and second evaporator are configured to be thermally disjointed; and a plurality of thermally conductive spaced apart evaporator fins having a plurality of spaced apart thermal break portions positioned between the first evaporator coil and the second evaporator coil that thermally disjoin the first evaporator and the second evaporator.

STEAM GENERATION SYSTEM

There is provided an efficient steam generation system capable of reducing a temperature difference in heat to be drawn by a heat pump. A first heat pump () includes a first evaporator () and a second evaporator (). A second heat pump () is connected to the first heat pump () via an uppermost condenser () serving as the first evaporator (). A heat source fluid is passed through a second evaporator () of the first heat pump () and an evaporator () of the second heat pump () in sequence. Then, steam is generated by application of heat to water in a condenser () of the first heat pump (). 1. A steam generation system comprising:a single-stage or multiple-stage first heat pump in which at least the lowermost heat pump includes a first evaporator and a second evaporator; anda single-stage or multiple-stage second heat pump connected to the first heat pump via a condenser of the uppermost heat pump, the condenser serving as the first evaporator of the lowermost heat pump, whereina heat source fluid is passed through the second evaporator of the first heat pump and an evaporator of the lowermost heat pump in the second heat pump in sequence, andsteam is generated by application of heat to water in a condenser of the uppermost heat pump in the first heat pump.2. The steam generation system of claim 1 , whereinthe second heat pump is a single-stage heat pump,heat is drawn from the heat source fluid passed through the second evaporator of the first heat pump and the evaporator of the lowermost heat pump in the second heat pump in sequence, andsteam is generated by application of the heat to water in the condenser of the uppermost heat pump in the first heat pump.3. The steam generation system of claim 1 , whereinthe first heat pump is a multiple-stage heat pump in which some of or all of the heat pumps each include the first evaporator and the second evaporator as an evaporator,each of the first evaporators connects between the vertically adjoining heat pumps, andthe heat ...

CASCADE REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

According to one embodiment, a cascade refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a high-temperature-side and a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuits, an inverter and a control section. The high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit includes a first compressor and a cascade heat exchanger. The low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit includes a second compressor and the cascade heat exchanger. The inverter connected to at least one of the compressors. The control section controls the inverter so that a set operating frequency for the first compressor is higher than a set operating frequency for the second compressor when an operation of the apparatus is started. 1. A cascade refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising:a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit including a high-temperature-side compressor, a high-temperature-side condenser, a high-temperature-side expander, and a cascade heat exchanger which are in communication with one another via refrigerant piping;a low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit including a low-temperature-side compressor, the cascade heat exchanger, a low-temperature-side expander, and an air-heat exchanger which are in communication with one another via refrigerant piping, the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit being mounted in an identical housing in which the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit is mounted;an inverter connected to at least one of the high-temperature-side compressor of the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit and the low-temperature-side compressor of the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit; andcontrol section which controls the inverter so that a set operating frequency for the high-temperature-side compressor is higher than a set operating frequency for the low-temperature-side compressor when an operation of the apparatus is started.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit includes a ...

CRYOGENIC REFRIGERATOR

A cryogenic refrigerator includes a cylinder, a displacer accommodated in the cylinder so as to reciprocate inside the cylinder with a gap formed between the periphery of the displacer and the interior surface of the cylinder, and a depressed part formed on at least one of the periphery of the displacer and the interior surface of the cylinder. The ratio of the volume of the depressed part to the volume of the gap satisfies a condition of 8≦Vd/Vg≦75, where Vd is the volume of the depressed part and Vg is the volume of the gap. 1. A cryogenic refrigerator , comprising:a cylinder;a displacer accommodated in the cylinder so as to reciprocate inside the cylinder with a gap formed between a periphery of the displacer and an interior surface of the cylinder; anda depressed part formed on at least one of the periphery of the displacer and the interior surface of the cylinder,wherein a ratio of a volume of the depressed part to a volume of the gap satisfies a condition of 8≦Vd/Vg≦75, where Vd is the volume of the depressed part and Vg is the volume of the gap.2. The cryogenic refrigerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the depressed part is a groove.3. The cryogenic refrigerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the depressed part is helically formed.4. The cryogenic refrigerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the displacer includes a first passage through which the refrigerant gas flows claim 1 , and wherein the gap and the depressed part form a second passage through which the refrigerant gas flows on the periphery of the displacer.5. The cryogenic refrigerator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the groove part is formed on only a part of the at least one of the periphery of the displacer and the interior surface of the cylinder. This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-166642, filed on Jul. 27, 2012, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.1. Technical FieldA certain aspect of ...

Integrated Power, Cooling, and Heating Apparatus Utilizing Waste Heat Recovery

The present invention provides an apparatus for utilizing waste heat to power a reconfigurable thermodynamic cycle that can be used to selectively cool or heat an environmentally controlled space, such as a room, building, or vehicle. The present invention also integrates an electric machine, which may operate as a motor or generator, or both, and an additional prime mover, such as an internal combustion engine. Different combinations of these components are preferable for different applications. The system provides a design which reasonably balances the need to maximize efficiency, while also keeping the design cost effective. 1. A heating , cooling , and power system , comprising:a prime mover including an exhaust;a heater thermally coupled to the exhaust of the prime mover;a shaft coupled to the prime mover;an expander coupled to the shaft;a first conduit coupled between the heater and expander and configured for transporting a working fluid;a heat pump coupled to the shaft; andan electrical machine coupled to the shaft and configured to produce electricity or produce mechanical shaft power.2. The heating claim 1 , cooling claim 1 , and power system of claim 1 , further including a recuperator comprising a second conduit coupled between the expander and recuperator to recover heat from the working fluid exiting the expander.3. The heating claim 1 , cooling claim 1 , and power system of claim 1 , wherein the heat pump includes:a first heat exchanger including a second conduit coupled between the expander and the first heat exchanger;an expansion device including a third conduit coupled between the first heat exchanger and the expansion device;a second heat exchanger including a fourth conduit coupled between the expansion device and second heat exchanger; anda compressor coupled to the shaft.4. The heating claim 3 , cooling claim 3 , and power system of claim 3 , wherein the heat pump includes a valve connected to the second conduit to switch the heat pump between ...

High-efficiency data center cooling

Embodiments of the invention provide high-efficiency cooling in a data center in response to a cooling and/or humidity demand using a system having multiple cooling loops to allow for a higher chilled liquid temperature of a first chilled liquid loop, while maintaining data center room temperature and humidity control. Specifically, the system includes a plurality of integrated cooling systems each comprising one or more specifically sized chillers and a liquid loop to address the cooling demand. A free cooling heat exchanger is coupled to the first liquid loop for use when a wet-bulb temperature surrounding the data center is at or below a free cooling set point of the first chilled liquid loop. The system isolates humidity control components to a second chilled liquid loop, and enables greater control of the first chilled liquid loop of the data center to meet specific IT loads.

COOLING SYSTEM

A system includes a flash tank, a first load, a second load, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first valve, and a second valve. The flash tank stores a refrigerant. The first and second loads use the refrigerant to cool first and second spaces. The first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load during a first mode of operation and a flash gas from the flash tank during a second mode of operation. The second compressor compresses a mixture of the refrigerant from the first and second loads during the first mode of operation. The first valve directs the flash gas from the flash tank to the first compressor during the second mode of operation. The second valve directs the compressed flash gas from the first compressor to the first load during the second mode of operation to defrost the first load. 1. A system comprising:a flash tank configured to store a refrigerant;a first load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a first space proximate the first load;a second load configured to use the refrigerant form the flash tank to cool a second space proximate the second load; compress the refrigerant from the first load during a first mode of operation; and', 'compress a flash gas from the flash tank during a second mode of operation;, 'a first compressor configured toa second compressor configured to compress a mixture of the refrigerant from the first load and the refrigerant from the second load during the first mode of operation; close during the first mode of operation; and', 'direct the flash gas from the flash tank to the first compressor during the second mode of operation; and, 'a first valve configured to close during the first mode of operation; and', 'direct the compressed flash gas from the first compressor to the first load during the second mode of operation to defrost the first load., 'a second valve configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first valve is further configured to direct the refrigerant ...

CARBON DIOXIDE COOLING SYSTEM WITH SUBCOOLING

A subcooling controller includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor measures one or more of a temperature external to a first heat exchanger that removes heat from carbon dioxide refrigerant, a temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, and a pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant. The processor determines that one or more of the measured temperature external to the first heat exchanger, the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is above a threshold and in response to that determination, activates a subcooling system. The subcooling system includes a condenser, a second heat exchanger, and a compressor. The condenser removes heat from a second refrigerant. The second heat removes heat from the carbon dioxide refrigerant stored in a flash tank. The compressor compresses the second refrigerant from the second heat exchanger and sends the second refrigerant to the condenser. 1. A subcooling controller comprising: a temperature external to a first heat exchanger configured to remove heat from carbon dioxide refrigerant, the first heat exchanger further configured to send the carbon dioxide refrigerant to a flash tank;', 'a temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant; and', 'a pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant; and, 'a sensor configured to measure one or more of determine that one or more of the measured temperature external to the first heat exchanger, the measured temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, and the measured pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is above a threshold;', a condenser configured to remove heat from a second refrigerant;', 'a second heat exchanger coupled to an exterior surface of the flash tank, the second heat exchanger configured to receive the second refrigerant from the condenser, the second heat exchanger further configured to remove heat from the carbon dioxide refrigerant stored in the flash tank; and', 'a compressor configured to compress the ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE

A first outward passage and a second outward passage are branched from a branch portion to guide refrigerants to a first evaporator and a second evaporator , respectively. In the second outward passage with a longer refrigerant flow path of the first and second outward passages and , a second decompressor is disposed closer to the branch portion rather than the second evaporator in the second outward passage . Further, a part of the second outward passage located on the downstream side of the refrigerant flow with respect to the second decompressor is defined by an inner pipe of a double pipe , and a part of a second return passage is defined by an outer pipe of the double pipe 1. A refrigeration cycle device comprising:a compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant;a radiator that dissipates heat from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor;a first decompressor and a second decompressor that are arranged in parallel on a downstream side of the radiator in a refrigerant flow, the first and second decompressors being adapted to decompress the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator;a first evaporator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the first decompressor and a first object to be cooled, to cool the first object to be cooled and to evaporate the refrigerant;a second evaporator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant decompressed by the second decompressor and a second object to be cooled, to cool the second object to be cooled and to evaporate the refrigerant;a first outward passage and a second outward passage which are refrigerant flow paths branched from a branch portion provided on the downstream side of the refrigerant flow through the radiator, and which are adapted to guide the refrigerants from the branch portion to refrigerant inlets of the first evaporator and the second evaporator, respectively; anda first return passage and a second return passage which are refrigerant flow paths merging at a merging ...

Refrigerator

A refrigerator includes a first compressor configured to compress first refrigerant, a first condenser configured to condense the compressed first refrigerant, a first expansion valve configured to reduce a temperature and a pressure of the condensed first refrigerant, a first evaporator configured to evaporate the first refrigerant having passed through the first expansion valve, a second compressor configured to compress second refrigerant, a second condenser configured to condense the compressed second refrigerant, a second expansion valve configured to reduce a temperature and a pressure of the condensed second refrigerant, a second evaporator configured to evaporate the second refrigerant having passed through the second expansion valve, a first heat exchanger arranged after and connected to the first expansion valve, and a second heat exchanger arranged after and connected to the second expansion valve. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are configured to exchange heat with each other.

VECTOR DRIVE FOR VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEMS

Described is a vector control system for a vapor compression circuit. The vector control system may monitor the vapor compression circuit and adjust the speed of one or more motors to increase efficiency by taking into account the torque forces placed on a compressor motor. 1. A vapor compression system , comprising:at least one compressor having an inlet pressure and an outlet pressure;at least one evaporator;at least one condenser;a refrigerant expansion device; anda vector control system configured to control the speed of the compressor to satisfy a load and also configured to control the torque of the compressor by adjusting the airflow across the evaporator, the condenser, or both.2. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the airflow across the evaporator claim 1 , the condenser claim 1 , or both changes the inlet or outlet pressure of the compressor to increase the energy efficiency of the vapor compression system.3. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , where the vapor compression system comprises an HVAC system that provides cooling to an airflow or liquid.4. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises a refrigeration system providing refrigeration to an airflow or heat transfer fluid or suction to a low pressure receiver.5. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the vapor compression system comprises a heat pump that provides heating to an air flow or liquid.6. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises one or more reversing valves to allow the system to operate as a heat pump.7. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant expansion device is a pulsing expansion valve.8. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises two evaporators and two condensers that are staged such that a lower stage first condenser transfers heat to a higher stage second evaporator and thermal energy is transferred from the lower stage first ...

Heat pump system comprising two stages, method of operating a heat pump system and method of producing a heat pump system

A heat pump system includes a heat pump stage having a first evaporator, a first liquefier, and a first compressor; and a further heat pump stage having a second evaporator, a second liquefier, and a second compressor, wherein a first liquefier exit of the first liquefier is connected to a second evaporator entrance of the second evaporator via a connecting lead.

Cooling loop with a supercritical fluid system using compressed refrigerant fluid flow with a positive joule thomson coefficient

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off-the-shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive Joule-Thomson coefficient.

COOLING SYSTEM

A system includes a flash tank, a first load, a second load, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first valve, and a second valve. The flash tank stores a refrigerant. The first and second loads use the refrigerant to cool first and second spaces. The first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load during a first mode of operation and a flash gas from the flash tank during a second mode of operation. The second compressor compresses a mixture of the refrigerant from the first and second loads during the first mode of operation. The first valve directs the flash gas from the flash tank to the first compressor during the second mode of operation. The second valve directs the compressed flash gas from the first compressor to the first load during the second mode of operation to defrost the first load. 1. A system comprising:a flash tank configured to store a refrigerant;a first load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a first space proximate the first load;a second load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to cool a second space proximate the second load during a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation; compress the refrigerant from the first load during the first mode of operation; and', 'compress a flash gas from the flash tank during the second mode of operation;, 'a first compressor configured toa second compressor configured to compress a mixture of the refrigerant from the first compressor and the refrigerant from the second load during the first mode of operation; close during the first mode of operation; and', 'direct the flash gas from the flash tank to the first compressor during the second mode of operation; and, 'a first valve configured to close during the first mode of operation; and', 'direct the compressed flash gas from the first compressor to the first load during the second mode of operation to defrost the first load., 'a second valve configured to2. The system of claim 1 ...

BRAYTON CYCLE TYPE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

To provide a Brayton cycle type refrigerating apparatus using multiple stages of compressors and having a good response without reduction in efficiency due to change in heat load of the object to be cooled, the Brayton cycle type refrigerating apparatus () according to the present invention comprises, on a refrigerant line (), multiple stages of compressors (), a temperature sensor () for detecting heat load of an object to be cooled, and a buffer tank () provided between a low pressure line () and a high pressure line (), wherein a flow rate of the refrigerant in the refrigerant line is controlled by controlling opening degrees of valves () to adjust the cooling capacity.

BINARY REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

A binary refrigerating apparatus employs a refrigerant composition that has a small global-warming potential (GWP) to be earth friendly, can be used as a refrigerant capable of achieving a low temperature of −80° C., and is excellent in refrigerating capacity and other performance. A refrigerant composition used as a low-temperature-side refrigerant is a refrigerant mixture including a non-azeotropic mixture in which 20% by mass or less of carbon dioxide (R744) is mixed to difluoroethylene (R1132a). A refrigerant composition used as a high-temperature-side refrigerant is a combination of: a non-azeotropic mixture comprising the refrigerant group of difluoromethane (R32), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and 1,1,3-trifluoro ethane (R143a); and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropentene (HFO-1234ze), having a global-warming potential (GWP) of 1500 or less.

THERMAL ENERGY-DRIVEN COOLING SYSTEM AND RELATED METHODS

A cooling system includes a heat exchanger configured to transfer thermal energy from a heat source to an internal fluid, an expander fluidly coupled with the heat exchanger and configured to reduce a pressure of the internal fluid received from the heat exchanger, a first air-cooled condenser fluidly coupled with the expander and configured to air cool the internal fluid that is received from the expander, a compressor fluidly coupled with the first air-cooled condenser and configured to increase the pressure of the internal fluid received from the first air-cooled condenser, and a second air-cooled condenser fluidly coupled with the compressor and configured to air cool the internal fluid received from the compressor. 1. A cooling system comprising:a heat exchanger configured to transfer thermal energy from a heat source to an internal fluid;a stack heat recovery steam generator fluidly coupled with the heat exchanger and configured to receive the internal fluid that is heated by the thermal energy transferred to the internal fluid by the heat exchanger, the stack heat recovery steam generator configured to heat the internal fluid received from the heat exchanger;an expander fluidly coupled with the stack heat recovery steam generator and configured to reduce a pressure of the internal fluid that is received from the stack heat recovery steam generator, the expander configured to be coupled with a generator and to drive the generator to generate electric current;a first air-cooled condenser fluidly coupled with the expander and configured to be conductively coupled with the generator, the first air-cooled condenser configured to receive the internal fluid from the expander and to air cool the internal fluid, the first air-cooled condenser also configured to be powered by the electric current generated from the expander driving the generator;a compressor fluidly coupled with the first air-cooled condenser and configured to be conductively coupled with the generator ...

REFRIGERATING SYSTEM AND REFRIGERATING SYSTEM CONTROL METHOD

A refrigerating system of the present invention includes a plurality of parallel type refrigerators each of which has a plurality of compressors, and a host control device having a compressor start/stop permission output unit which is configured to output a compressor activation permission or a compressor stop permission to one of the plurality of parallel type refrigerators which is activated according to a predetermined permission condition. Each of the parallel-type refrigerators has a compressor activation control unit which is configured to a stopped compressor included in a certain refrigerator when a load factor of the certain refrigerator is equal to or greater than a first specified value and the compressor activation permission is received, and a compressor stop control unit which is configured to stop an activated compressor included in a certain refrigerator when the load factor of the certain refrigerator is less than a second specified value and the compressor stop permission is received. 16.-. (canceled)7. A refrigerating system comprising:a plurality of parallel type refrigerators each of which has a plurality of compressors; anda host control device having a compressor start/stop permission output unit which is configured to output a compressor activation permission or a compressor stop permission to one of the plurality of parallel type refrigerators according to an output mode indicating a type of output required for all of the plurality of parallel type refrigerators and a predetermined permission condition,wherein the compressor start/stop permission output unit determines to which of the parallel type refrigerators that is activated the compressor activation permission is output and to which of the parallel type refrigerators that is stopped the compressor activation permission is output according to the output mode, andeach of the parallel type refrigerators includes a compressor activation control unit which is configured to activate a ...

HEAT PUMP AIR CONDITIONER

A heat pump air conditioner includes an intake side heat exchanger including heat transfer pipes passing a refrigerant and being arranged in a direction along an air inlet face, intake heat exchanger configured to cool or warm air and supply the air to a space. A plurality of heat pumps include a plurality of compressors and configured to compress the refrigerant and supply the compressed refrigerant to the heat transfer pipes and a plurality of heat side exchangers and connected to the respective compressors, the heat pumps sharing the air intake side heat exchanger, and a controller configured to switch a state of the compressors and between an operating state and an operation stopped state. The controller controls the compressors and to switch an operation of each of the compressors and between starting and stopping in accordance with a magnitude of an air-conditioning load. 1. A heat pump air conditioner comprising:an air-intake-side heat exchanger including a plurality of heat transfer pipes through which a refrigerant passes, the heat transfer pipes being arranged in a direction along an air inlet face of the air-intake-side heat exchanger, the air-intake-side heat exchanger being configured to convert intake air into cool air or warm air and supply the cool air or warm air to a space to be air conditioned;a plurality of first and second heat pumps including, at least, a plurality of compressors configured to compress the refrigerant and supply the compressed refrigerant to the heat transfer pipes and a plurality of heat-source-side heat exchangers connected to the respective compressors, the first and second heat pumps sharing the air-intake-side heat exchanger; anda controller configured to switch a state of the compressors between an operating state and an operation stopped state, whereinthe controller controls the compressors to switch an operation of each of the compressors between starting and stopping in accordance with a magnitude of an air- ...

COOLING SYSTEM

An apparatus includes a high side heat exchanger, a flash tank, a load, a compressor, and a heat exchanger. The high side heat exchanger removes heat from a refrigerant. The flash tank stores the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger and to discharge a flash gas. The load uses the refrigerant from the cool a space proximate the load. The compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load. The heat exchanger transfers heat from the refrigerant from the compressor to the flash gas before the refrigerant from the compressor reaches the high side heat exchanger. The heat exchanger directs the flash gas to the compressor after heat from the refrigerant from the compressor is transferred to the flash gas and directs the refrigerant from the compressor to the high side heat exchanger after heat from the refrigerant from the compressor is transferred to the flash gas. 1. An apparatus comprising:a high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from a refrigerant;a flash tank configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger and to discharge a flash gas;a first load configured to use the refrigerant to cool a first space proximate the first load;a first compressor configured to compress the refrigerant from the first load;a heat exchanger configured to:transfer heat from the refrigerant to the flash gas before the refrigerant from the first compressor reaches the high side heat exchanger;direct the flash gas to the first compressor after heat from the refrigerant from the first compressor is transferred to the flash gas; anddirect the refrigerant from the first compressor to the high side heat exchanger after heat from the refrigerant from the first compressor is transferred to the flash gas;a gas bypass valve disposed downstream of the flash tank operable to direct the liquid component and the gaseous component of the flash gas from the flash tank to a suction side of the first compressor;a first valve positioned between the gas bypass valve ...

Refrigerator control method

In a refrigerator control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, an operation corresponding to a deep-freezing chamber load, in which both a refrigeration chamber valve and a freezer chamber valve are opened, is performed when a deep-freezing chamber mode is turned on and the input condition of the operation corresponding to a deep-freezing chamber load is satisfied.

DEEP FREEZER

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a deep freezer. A deep freezer according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of heat exchangers installed to an inlet pipe and performing a heat exchange of a mixed refrigerant suctioned into a compressor. The mixed refrigerant comprises: a high temperature refrigerant which is one selected from among butane (N-butane), 1-butene, and isobutane; and a low temperature refrigerant consisting of ethylene. 1. A deep freezer comprising:a compressor for compressing a mixture of two or more refrigerants;a condenser for condensing the refrigerant mixture compressed in the compressor;an expansion device for decompressing the refrigerant mixture condensed in the condenser;an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant mixture decompressed in the expansion device;a condensing pipe extending from an outlet side of the condenser to the expansion device to guide flow of the refrigerant mixture;a suction pipe extending from an outlet side of the evaporator to the compressor to guide suction of the refrigerant mixture into the compressor; anda plurality of heat exchangers installed in the suction pipe to perform heat exchange of the refrigerant mixture sucked into the compressor.2. The deep freezer according to claim 1 ,wherein the plurality of heat exchangers includes a first heat exchanger, andwherein the first heat exchanger includes:a first suction heat exchanger for guiding flow of the refrigerant mixture sucked into the compressor; anda condensing heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with the first suction heat exchanger and guiding flow of the refrigerant mixture in the condensing pipe.3. The deep freezer according to claim 2 , wherein a diameter of a pipe of the condensing heat exchanger is greater than that of the expansion device.4. The deep freezer according to claim 2 ,wherein the plurality of heat exchangers includes a second heat exchanger, andwherein the second heat exchanger includes: ...

REFRIGERATION DEVICE

Frame parts are arranged in a row, and in each of which a compressor, an air heat exchanger, a receiver, and a system-side electric component box corresponding to each other are installed as a single unit. 1. A refrigeration apparatus comprising:a plurality of refrigerant circuits to each of which a compressor, an air heat exchanger and a receiver are connected;a plurality of system-side electric component boxes each having an electric component corresponding to an associated one of the compressors; anda support having a plurality of support parts arranged in a row, whereinthe compressor, the air heat exchanger, the receiver, and the system-side electric component box corresponding to each other are installed as a single unit in each of the support parts.2. The refrigeration apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a water circuit to which a water heat exchanger allowing a refrigerant and water to exchange heat, and a water pump transporting water are connected; andan operation-side electric component box containing an operation unit, whereinthe plurality of support parts includes a first end support part and a second end support part,the operation-side electric component box containing the operation unit is installed in the first end support part, andthe water pump is installed in the second end support part.3. The refrigeration apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of support parts include at least one intermediate support part arranged between the first end support part and the second end support part.4. The refrigeration apparatus of claim 2 , whereinin the second end support part, the system-side electric component box,the compressor, and the water pump are arranged in this order from the first end support part toward the second end support part.5. The refrigeration apparatus of claim 3 , whereinin at least one of the intermediate support parts, the system-side electric component box, the compressor, and the water heat exchanger are arranged in this ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 1,1-DIFLUOROETHENE (R-1132A)

The invention provides a composition comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132a); a second component selected from the group consisting of hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and mixtures thereof; and, optionally carbon dioxide (CO, R-744). 1. A heat transfer composition comprising 1 ,1-difluoroethene (R-1132a); ethane (R-170); and , optionally carbon dioxide (R-744).2. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from 20 to 99% by weight R-1132a claim 1 , a second component which is 1 to 80% by weight R-170 and optionally hexafluoroethane (R-116) claim 1 , and optionally R-744.3. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of:1 to 50% by weight ethane and from 50 to 99% by weight R-1132a;1 to 25% by weight ethane and from 75 to 99% by weight R-1132a;{'sub': '2', 'R-1132a, ethane and up to 70% by weight CO;'}{'sub': '2', '2 to 98% by weight of R-1132a, from 2 to 98% by weight of ethane, and from 2 to 60% by weight CO;'}{'sub': '2', '4 to 96% by weight of R-1132a, from 4 to 96% by weight of ethane and from 4 to 50% by weight CO; and'}{'sub': '2', 'R-1132a, ethane, and from 6 to 40% by weight CO.'}4. A composition according to claim 1 , further comprising pentafluoroethane (R-125).5. A composition according to claim 1 , further comprising a hydrocarbon claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon is in addition to any ethane present in the composition.6. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-1132a alone.7. A composition according to claim 6 , wherein the composition has:a. a higher flammable limit;b. a higher ignition energy; and/orc. a lower flame velocitycompared to R-1132a alone.8. A composition according to that is non-flammable.9. A composition according to claim 8 , wherein the composition is non-flammable at ambient temperature claim 8 , said ambient temperature including at least 60° C.10. A composition according to that has a temperature glide in an evaporator or ...

Methods to Reduce Chlorophyll Co-Extraction Through Extraction of Select Essential Oils and Aromatic Isolates

A system, machine, and methods for selectively extracting chemicals from plant material without co-extracting chlorophyll, lipids and other undesirable constituents from plants, is described here. Extraction uses super-cooled solvents, such as 100% ethanol. The system and method provides plant extracts that are enriched in active compounds, and depleted in chlorophyll.

Systems and Methods for Multi-Stage Refrigeration

Systems and methods for multi-stage refrigeration in mixed refrigerant and cascade refrigeration cycles using one or more liquid motive eductors in combination with a pump.

Single-pipe thermal energy system

Thermal energy systems for managing, distribution and recovery of thermal energy. A single-pipe loop circulating a two-phase refrigerant is provided. The single-pipe loop is spread through the entire system and interconnects a plurality of local heat exchange stations, each having different thermal energy loads. A central circulation mechanism (CCM) is also provided for circulating the refrigerant for distribution of thermal energy within the system.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COOLING ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser, a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, and a second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser. The free cooling circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, the chilled water circuit is in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser, and the second refrigeration circuit is in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit. The second refrigeration circuit cools a fluid flowing in the chilled water circuit. Methods of operating a cooling system are also disclosed. 1. A cooling system comprising:a first refrigerant circuit in thermal communication with a heat load and in fluid communication with a main condenser;a free cooling circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and a free-cooled water source, the free cooling circuit being in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser;a chilled water circuit in fluid communication with the main condenser and an evaporator, the chilled water circuit being in thermal communication with the first refrigerant circuit via the main condenser; anda second refrigerant circuit in fluid communication with the evaporator and a secondary condenser, the second refrigeration circuit being in thermal communication with the chilled water circuit and the free cooling circuit.2. The cooling system of claim 1 , further including a first control valve placed in an open position and a second control valve placed in a closed position thereby causing a refrigerant of the first refrigerant circuit to be condensed by ...

REFRIGERATOR

Disclosed is a refrigerator. The refrigerator includes a first compressor () configured to compress refrigerant, a first condenser () configured to condense the refrigerant compressed in the first compressor (), a first expansion valve () configured to reduce a temperature and pressure of the refrigerant condensed in the first condenser (), a first evaporator () configured to evaporate the refrigerant having passed through the first expansion valve (), a second compressor () configured to compress refrigerant, a second condenser () configured to condense the refrigerant compressed in the second compressor (), a second expansion valve () configured to reduce a temperature and pressure of the refrigerant condensed in the second condenser () and a second evaporator () configured to evaporate the refrigerant having passed through the second expansion valve (). The refrigerator further includes a heat exchanger () located at a rear of the first expansion valve (), and the heat exchanger () and the second condenser () undergo heat exchange therebetween. 1. A refrigerator comprising:a first compressor configured to compress first refrigerant;a first condenser configured to condense the first refrigerant compressed by the first compressor;a first expansion valve configured to reduce a temperature and a pressure of the first refrigerant condensed by the first condenser;a first evaporator configured to evaporate the first refrigerant having passed through the first expansion valve;a second compressor configured to compress second refrigerant;a second condenser configured to condense the second refrigerant compressed by the second compressor;a second expansion valve configured to reduce a temperature and a pressure of the second refrigerant condensed by the second condenser;a second evaporator configured to evaporate the second refrigerant having passed through the second expansion valve; anda heat exchanger arranged after and connected to the first expansion valve,wherein the ...

Refrigeration device

A refrigeration device includes: a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a decompressor, and an evaporator are connected circularly in the stated order; and a regenerative refrigerator including a heat dissipation portion that compresses a working fluid enclosed in a chamber and dissipates heat produced by compression, and a heat absorption portion in which the working fluid compressed in the heat dissipation portion is expanded. A refrigerant in the condenser is cooled by heat exchange between the condenser and the heat absorption portion.

CHILLER SYSTEM

A chiller system is provided. The chiller system may include a plurality of chillers, each of which may include a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, and a controller that controls the plurality of chillers. The controller may determine an expected load and a chiller to be operated of the plurality of chillers on the basis of the determined expected load to operate the determined chiller. 1. A chiller system , comprising:a plurality of chillers, each of which comprises a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator; anda controller that controls the plurality of chillers, wherein the controller determines an expected load and a chiller of the plurality of chillers to be operated on the basis of the determined expected load, and operates the determined chiller.2. The chiller system according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of chillers have capacities different from each other.3. The chiller system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller operates a portion or all of the plurality of chillers on the basis of the expected load.4. The chiller system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller determines the expected load on the basis of an expected load factor and an expected head factor claim 1 , wherein the expected load factor is determined on the basis of a temperature of cold water introduced into the evaporator and a target cold water outflow temperature claim 1 , and wherein the expected head factor is determined on the basis of a temperature of cooling water introduced into the condenser and the target cold water outflow temperature.5. The chiller system according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of chillers comprise a first chiller claim 1 , and a second chiller having a capacity greater than a capacity of the first chiller claim 1 , and when it is determined that an operation method change is needed while one of the first chiller or the second chiller operates claim 1 , the controller stops the operating chiller and operates the other chiller ...

Micro Booster Supermarket Refrigeration Architecture

A refrigeration system includes first and second compressors, a condenser, first and second evaporators, and a valve. The first compressor is fluidly connected to first suction and discharge lines. The second compressor is fluidly connected to second suction and discharge lines. The second suction line is fluidly connected to the first discharge line. The condenser receives refrigerant from the second compressor. The first evaporator receives refrigerant from the condenser and discharges refrigerant to the first suction line. The second evaporator receives refrigerant from the condenser and discharges refrigerant to the second suction line. The valve is disposed between the first evaporator and the first suction line. The first suction line receives refrigerant when the valve is in a first position. The second suction line receives refrigerant when the valve is in a second position. The first compressor is bypassed when the valve is in the second position. 1. A refrigeration system comprising: at least one first compressor fluidly connected to a first suction line and a first discharge line;', 'at least one second compressor fluidly connected to a second suction line and a second discharge line, the second suction line being fluidly connected to the first discharge line;', 'a condenser operable to receive a first refrigerant from the at least one second compressor;', 'a first evaporator operable to receive the first refrigerant from the condenser and discharge the first refrigerant to the first suction line;', 'a second evaporator operable to receive the first refrigerant from the condenser and discharge the first refrigerant to the second suction line;', 'a heat exchanger operable to receive the first refrigerant from the condenser and discharge the first refrigerant to the second suction line; and', the first suction line receives the first refrigerant from the first evaporator when the bypass valve is in a first position;', 'second suction line receives the first ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE DEVICE

A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a first refrigerant circuit including a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first refrigerant flow path of a second heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a third heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant flow path of a fourth heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant circuit including a second compressor, a fifth heat exchanger, a second expansion device, a third refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger, and a fourth refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchanger. A first refrigerant flows through, in order, the first compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first refrigerant flow path, the first expansion device, the third heat exchanger, and the second refrigerant flow path. The second refrigerant flows through, in order, of the second compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, the second expansion device, the third refrigerant flow path, and the fourth refrigerant flow path. 1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising:a first refrigerant circuit through which first refrigerant flows, the first refrigerant circuit including a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first refrigerant flow path of a second heat exchanger, a first expansion device, a third heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant flow path of a fourth heat exchanger; anda second refrigerant circuit through which second refrigerant flows, the second refrigerant circuit including a second compressor, a fifth heat exchanger, a second expansion device, a third refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger, and a fourth refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchanger,the first refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit in order of the first compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first refrigerant flow path, the first expansion device, the third heat exchanger, and the second refrigerant flow path,the second refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant circuit in order of the second compressor, the fifth heat ...

REFRIGERATION APPLIANCE WITH TWO EVAPORATORS IN DIFFERENT COMPARTMENTS

A refrigerator having a refrigerating circuit with a compressor, a condenser and two evaporators placed in different compartments of the appliance comprises valve means for alternatively directing refrigerant flow towards one of the evaporators. One of the evaporators is in heat exchange relationship with a phase change material 1. A refrigeration circuit for a refrigeration appliance comprising:a compressor,a condenser,a first evaporator is in a first refrigeration compartment of the refrigeration appliance,a second evaporator is in a second refrigeration compartment of the refrigeration appliance,flow directing means in fluid contact with the first and second evaporators,wherein the flow directing means alternatively directs refrigerant flow towards one of the evaporators, andwherein at least one of the evaporators is in a heat exchange relationship with a phase change material.2. The refrigeration circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a second flow directing means adapted to divert refrigerant flow towards an auxiliary circuit claim 1 ,wherein said auxiliary circuit is in heat exchange relationship with said phase change material, andwherein said heat exchange relationship sub-cools the refrigerant.3. The refrigeration circuit of claim 2 , wherein said auxiliary circuit is:downstream the phase change material, andfurther comprises an expansion device which is upstream the evaporator that is in the heat exchange relationship with the phase change material.4. The refrigeration circuit of wherein upstream the evaporator that is in the heat exchange relationship with the phase change material is in a refrigeration compartment.5. The refrigeration circuit of wherein upstream the evaporator that is in the heat exchange relationship with the phase change material is in a refrigeration compartment.6. The refrigeration circuit of claim 1 , wherein the flow directing means comprises a valve.7. The refrigeration circuit of claim 1 , wherein the flow directing means is a ...

Superheat Control Scheme

A system includes a high side heat exchanger, a flash tank, a first load, a second load, a first compressor, and a heat exchanger. The flash tank is configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger. The first load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a first space proximate to the first load. The second load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a second space proximate to the second load. The first compressor is configured to compress the refrigerant from the first load. The heat exchanger is configured to transfer heat from the refrigerant from the first compressor and the second load to the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger, and direct the refrigerant from the first compressor and the second load to a second compressor. 1. A system comprising:a high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from a refrigerant;a flash tank configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger;a first load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a first space proximate to the first load;a second load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a second space proximate to the second load;a first compressor configured to compress the refrigerant from the first load; and transfer heat from the refrigerant from the first compressor and the second load to the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger; and', 'direct the refrigerant from the first compressor and the second load to a second compressor., 'a heat exchanger configured to2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a bypass valve configured to:prevent the flow of the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the heat exchanger; anddirect the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the flash tank.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a flash gas valve configured to direct a flash gas from the flash tank to ...

COOLING LOOP WITH A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID SYSTEM USING COMPRESSED REFRIGERANT FLUID FLOW WITH A POSITIVE JOULE-THOMSON COEFFICIENT

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off-the-shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive Joule-Thompson coefficient. 1. A circulator system utilizing the expansion of a first stream of a refrigerant to cool a second stream of the refrigerant so that the second stream behaves like an incompressible fluid for pumping , the system comprising: (a) the inlet portion comprising a source container of the refrigerant, held at ambient temperature, configured to supply the system with the refrigerant to flow through the system;', '(b) the pressurized portion comprising a chiller pump with an operational speed within the circuit, the pressurized portion configured to maintain the second stream of the refrigerant in continuous circulation at: (1) a mass flow rate that is repeatable and proportionate to the operational speed of the chiller pump, (2) a temperature between about −5° C. and about −30° C., and (3) a continuous pressure of between about 500 psi and about 10,000 psi;', '(c) the expansion portion comprising an expansion device, in fluid communication with the chiller pump, ...

Thermal System Including an Environmental Test Chamber

A system is provided where the system includes a chamber, a first cooling system including a first cooling load evaporator, wherein the first cooling system is placed within the chamber, a second cooling system including a fluid coil, wherein the fluid coil is placed within the chamber, and a thermal storage for a second cooling fluid in the second cooling system, wherein the thermal storage is placed outside the chamber. In the system, the first cooling system further includes a first compressor and a first condenser and the second cooling system further includes a thermal storage chiller, wherein the thermal storage chiller is placed outside the chamber. 1. A system , comprising:a chamber;a first cooling system comprising a first cooling load evaporator, wherein the first cooling system is placed within the chamber;a second cooling system comprising a fluid coil, wherein the fluid coil is placed within the chamber; anda thermal storage for a second working fluid in the second cooling system, wherein the thermal storage is placed outside the chamber.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling system further comprises a first compressor and a first condenser claim 1 , and wherein the second cooling system further comprises a thermal storage chiller claim 1 , wherein the thermal storage chiller is placed outside the chamber.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling system comprises a single compressor.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling system further comprises:a low stage loop;a high stage loop; anda cascade condenser.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the low stage loop is configured to process a low stage working fluid claim 4 , wherein the high stage loop is configured to process a high stage working fluid claim 4 , and wherein the low stage loop and the high stage loop are connected to the cascade condenser.6. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the system is configured to process ...

REFRIGERATION ARRANGEMENT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

A refrigeration arrangement for traction vehicles includes a first closed circuit configured as a compression refrigeration machine containing a refrigerant as a first carrier medium, evaporator and condenser. The evaporator absorbs heat into the first circuit. The condenser transfers heat from the first circuit. The first circuit is coupled, via the evaporator, to a closed second circuit containing a liquid second carrier medium for heat transport. The second circuit, for cooling, takes heat and transfers it to the second carrier medium. The heat is conveyed, by the second carrier medium, to the evaporator for transfer to the first circuit. The first circuit is coupled, via the condenser, to a closed third circuit containing a liquid third carrier medium for heat transport. The third circuit causes heat from the first circuit, transferred into the third circuit by the condenser, to be transferred to surroundings with heat from traction systems. 113-. (canceled)14. A refrigeration arrangement for a traction vehicle , the refrigeration arrangement comprising:a closed first circuit configured as a compression refrigeration machine including a refrigerant as a first carrier medium, an evaporator configured as a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, a condenser configured as a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, a compressor, and a restrictor, said first carrier medium passing from said evaporator through said compressor to said condenser and from said condenser through said restrictor back to said evaporator;a closed second circuit including said evaporator, a compressor, a fan, a heat exchanger and a liquid second carrier medium for transporting heat, said second carrier medium passing from said heat exchanger through said compressor to said evaporator and from said evaporator back to said heat exchanger of said second circuit;a closed third circuit including said condenser, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a liquid third carrier medium for transporting heat, and a ...

Methods to Reduce Chlorophyll Co-Extraction Through Extraction of Select Moieties Essential Oils and Aromatic Isolates

A system machines and methods for extracting select moieties, flavonoids, and essential oils from plant material without co-extracting chlorophyll, lipids and other undesirable constituents from plants. Super-cooled extraction techniques are taught. Likewise, according to embodiments methods provides 100% grain ethyl alcohol extract with a concentration of chlorophyll that is below 1%. 1. A composition that comprises the plant substrate extract product by a safer and more reliable extraction process , wherein the composition comprises an essential oil or a mineral oil , and wherein the process is for extracting cannabinoids and to reduce chlorophyll and wax co-extraction from a cannabis or hemp plant substrate comprising , wherein the process excludes use of liquid carbon dioxide in combination , and wherein the process comprises:(i) pre-processing comprising lowering the temperature of a solvent to a range of −30 degrees C. to −50 degrees C.(ii) contacting at −30 degrees C. to −50 degrees C., wherein there is a contacting time between the cannabis plant substrate and the solvent to create an emulsion,(iii) evaporating for reduction of the emulsion by means of atmospheric evaporation of the solvent,(iv) recovering for recovery of the solvent from the emulsion, wherein optionally,', '(a) the solvent is 95% ethanol and 5% of a solvent that is another solvent that does not comprise ethanol, or', '(b) the solvent is at least one solvent-like material selected from the group consisting essentially of heptane, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, and methanol., '(v) purging under vacuum to remove remaining solvent from the extract whereby a resultory extract is substantially free of any lipids and chlorophyll,'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is one of:(i) a liquid at room temperature (23 degrees C.),(ii) a composition that comprises an oil, and wherein the oil is optionally an essential oil, a vegetable oil, or a mineral oil,(iii) a composition that ...

Cooling System with Low Temperature Load

A system includes a flash tank, a load, a first compressor, a second compressor, and a liquid injection line. The flash tank stores a refrigerant. The load uses the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a space proximate the load. The first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load. The second compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first compressor. The liquid injection line is coupled to the flash tank and to the second compressor and sends a liquid refrigerant from the flash tank to mix with the refrigerant from the first compressor before the refrigerant from the first compressor is received by the second compressor. 1. A system comprising:a high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from a refrigerant;a flash tank configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger;a load configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a space proximate the load;a first compressor configured to compress the refrigerant from the load;a second compressor configured to compress the refrigerant from the first compressor, the second compressor configured to send the refrigerant to the high side heat exchanger;a flash gas bypass line coupled to the flash tank and to the second compressor, the flash gas bypass line configured to send a flash gas from the flash tank to mix with the refrigerant from the first compressor before the refrigerant from the first compressor is received by the second compressor; anda liquid injection line coupled to the flash tank and to the second compressor, the liquid injection line configured to send a liquid refrigerant from the flash tank to mix with the refrigerant from the first compressor before the refrigerant from the first compressor is received by the second compressor.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the refrigerant from the first compressor claim 1 , the second high side heat exchanger ...

AIR CONDITIONER AND COOLING RECEIVER OF AIR CONDITIONER

An air conditioner in which a supercooler and a receiver are integrated and the cooling receiver of the air conditioner. The cooling receiver of an air conditioner includes a cooling unit configured to include at least one first refrigerant flow channel through which a refrigerant flows and a second refrigerant flow channel which surrounds the outer circumference of part of the at least one first refrigerant flow channel and through which a refrigerant flows and supercools a refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant flow channel and a receiver unit configured to have at least one end of the cooling unit disposed in the receiver unit and to store the supercooled refrigerant exiting from the first refrigerant flow channel. 1. An air conditioner , comprising:an air-conditioning cycle comprising a first compressor, a first condenser, a first expansion device, and a first evaporator, the air-conditioning cycle having a first refrigerant circulating therethrough;a refrigeration cycle circuit comprising a second compressor, a second condenser, a second expansion device, and a second evaporator, the refrigeration cycle having a second refrigerant circulating therethrough; anda cooling receiver to thermally exchange the first and second refrigerants respectively passed through the first and second condensers, the cooling receiver to store the thermally exchanged refrigerant, a cooling unit comprising at least one first refrigerant flow channel through which the second refrigerant passed through the second condenser flows and a second refrigerant flow channel which surrounds an outer circumference of part of the at least one first refrigerant flow channel and through which the first refrigerant passed through the first condenser flows and supercools the second refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant flow channel; and', 'a receiver unit accommodating at least a first end of the cooling unit and storing the supercooled refrigerant exiting from the first ...

Cooling System with Low Temperature Load

A system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a controller. The temperature sensor measures a temperature of a refrigerant at a compressor. The compressor receives the refrigerant from a second compressor. The pressure sensor measures a pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor. The controller receives one or more of the measured temperature and the measured pressure and determines that one or more of the measured temperature and the measured pressure exceed a threshold. In response to that determination, the controller actuates a pulse valve coupled to a liquid injection line. The pulse valve controls the flow of a liquid refrigerant from a flash tank through the liquid injection line to mix with the refrigerant at the compressor. 1. An apparatus comprising: receive the refrigerant from a second compressor; and', 'send the refrigerant to a high side heat exchanger configured to remove heat from the refrigerant;, 'a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a refrigerant at a compressor, the compressor configured toa pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor; and receive one or more of the measured temperature and the measured pressure;', 'determine that one or more of the measured temperature and the measured pressure exceed a threshold; and', 'in response to the determination that one or more of the received temperature and the received pressure exceed the threshold, actuate a pulse valve coupled to a liquid injection line, the pulse valve configured to control the flow of a liquid refrigerant from a flash tank through the liquid injection line to mix with the refrigerant at the compressor;, 'a controller communicatively coupled to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, the controller configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger; and', 'send a flash gas through a flash gas bypass line coupled to the flash tank to mix with the refrigerant at the ...

COOLING APPARATUS, EXPOSURE APPARATUS INCLUDING COOLING APPARATUS, AND INDUSTRIAL APPARATUS INCLUDING COOLING APPARATUS

A cooling apparatus includes a compressor, a first flow path and a second flow path branched from a branch point, a condenser disposed downstream of the branch point in the first flow path, a first decompressor disposed downstream of the condenser, a plurality of evaporators disposed downstream of the first decompressor and connected in series, a second decompressor disposed downstream of the branch point in the second flow path, a detection unit, and a control unit. The second flow path includes a hot-gas flow path configured to connect an outlet of the second decompressor and a meeting point with the first flow path. The control unit controls a degree of opening of the second decompressor depending on the temperature detected by the first temperature-detection unit and controls a degree of opening of the first decompressor depending on the temperature and/or the pressure detected by the detection unit. 1. A cooling apparatus comprising:a compressor configured to compress coolant;a first flow path and a second flow path branched from a branch point, the branch point being disposed downstream of the compressor and configured to split compressed coolant toward the first and second flow paths;a condenser disposed downstream of the branch point in the first flow path and configured to condense compressed coolant;a first decompressor disposed downstream of the condenser and configured to decompress condensed coolant;a plurality of evaporators disposed downstream of the first decompressor and connected in series with each other such that the evaporators cool different objects to be cooled;a second decompressor disposed downstream of the branch point in the second flow path and configured to decompress compressed coolant;a return path configured to return coolant that flows out of the most downstream evaporator of the plurality of evaporators, to the compressor;a first temperature-detection unit configured to detect a temperature of an object cooled by the most downstream ...

Combined cascade refrigeration cycle apparatus

According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a housing, two high-temperature-side refrigeration circuits and two low-temperature-side refrigeration circuits. Each of the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuits is configured to exchange heat with both of the two low-temperature-side refrigeration circuits by cascade heat exchangers. A hot-water pipe letting water or hot water through water-refrigerant heat exchangers of the high-temperature-side refrigeration circuits is provided. When the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuit conducts a defrosting operation of the evaporator, the low-temperature-side refrigeration circuits are controlled in such a way that the low-temperature-side refrigerant circuit releases heat in the cascade heat exchanger.

Modular Cooling System For High-Rise Building

An air conditioning system for a high-rise building includes a condenser unit and a compressor separate from the condenser unit and in fluid communication with the condenser unit. The compressor is to be located at a floor of a high-rise building that is below a location of the condenser unit at a roof top of the high-rise building. The system may also include an oil separator to separate oil from a refrigerant. The oil separator is in a path of the refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser unit, where the oil separator is distal from the condenser unit and proximal to the compressor. 1. An air conditioning system for a high-rise building , the air conditioning system comprising:a condenser unit;a compressor that is separate from the condenser unit and in fluid communication with the condenser unit, wherein the compressor is designed to be located at a floor of the high-rise building that is below a location of the condenser unit at a roof top of the high-rise building; andan oil separator configured to be located below the location of the condenser unit and in a path of a refrigerant traveling from the compressor toward the condenser unit, wherein the oil separator is located distal from the condenser unit and proximal to the compressor and wherein the oil separator is fluidly coupled to the compressor and to the condenser unit to separate oil from the refrigerant at the floor.2. The air conditioning system of claim 1 , further comprising an air handler in fluid communication with the condenser unit and the compressor claim 1 , wherein the air handler is to be located at a second floor of the high-rise building that is below the floor where the compressor is located.3. The air conditioning system of claim 2 , further comprising a valve located proximal to the air handler to control refrigerant flow from the condenser unit to the air handler.4. The air conditioning system of claim 2 , wherein a suction line extends between the air handler and the compressor.5 ...

Refrigeration device

There is disclosed a refrigeration device in which a cooling capability and efficiency can be improved by controlling a high pressure side pressure of a low stage side refrigerant circuit into an optimum value. A refrigeration device 1 includes a high stage side refrigerant circuit 4 , first and second low stage side refrigerant circuits 6 A and 6 B, and cascade heat exchangers 43 A and 43 B to evaporate a refrigerant of the high stage side refrigerant circuit 4 , thereby cooling high pressure side refrigerants of the low stage side refrigerant circuits 6 A and 6 B, and carbon dioxide is charged as the refrigerant in each of the refrigerant circuits 4, 6 A and 6 B, and in the device, there are disposed pressure adjusting expansion valves 31 to adjust high pressure side pressures of the low stage side refrigerant circuits 6 A and 6 B.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MONITORING STATE OF CRYOGENIC FREEZER

Disclosed is an apparatus and a method for monitoring a state of a cryogenic freezer, the apparatus and the method being capable of determining a door ajar state, a power-off state, and an abnormal state of the first and the second compressors based on temperatures sensed by first, second, and third temperature sensors respectively mounted to a front lower surface of the cryogenic freezer and refrigerant pipes adjacent to outlets of the first and the second compressors, and displaying the states through a display unit and a mobile terminal when the cryogenic freezer is in the states. The apparatus for monitoring the state of the cryogenic freezer of the present invention includes: a first temperature sensor; second and third temperature sensors; a controller; and an output unit. 1. An apparatus for monitoring a state of a cryogenic freezer , the cryogenic freezer comprising: a first compressor compressing refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant; a condenser condensing the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant received from the first compressor into a low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant; a vapor filter connected to an outlet of the condenser and functioning to remove moisture of a refrigerant passage; a second compressor compressing a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant; a heat exchanger discharging the refrigerant to the first compressor by processing the refrigerant received from the vapor filter by heat exchange , and discharging a low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant by processing the refrigerant received from the second compressor by heat exchange; and an evaporator vaporizing the low temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant received from the heat exchanger into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant and discharging the gaseous refrigerant to the second compressor , wherein the ...

NONFLAMMABLE REFRIGERANTS HAVING LOW GWP, AND SYSTEMS FOR AND METHODS OF PROVIDING REFRIGERATION

The present invention provides a refrigerant composition comprising: (a) from about 65% by weight to about 90% by weight of HFO-1234ze(E); (b) from about 10% by weight to about 35% by weight of HFO-1336mzz (E); and optionally (c) from about 0% to about 4.4% by weight of HFC-227ea for use in a variety of refrigeration applications, including air conditioning and/or refrigeration and particularly cooling products such as fruits, vegetables and beverages without exposing those articles to temperatures below the freezing point of water.

REFRIGERATION DEVICE, TEMPERATURE SENSOR MOUNTING PIPE, AND TEMPERATURE SENSOR MOUNTING STRUCTURE

This refrigeration device comprises: a high temperature side refrigerant circuit in which a high temperature side refrigerant circulates; a low temperature side refrigerant circuit in which a low temperature side refrigerant circulates; and a cascade heat exchanger that cools the low temperature side refrigerant with the high temperature side refrigerant. In the low temperature side refrigerant circuit, a low temperature side decompressor is disposed downstream of the cascade heat exchanger and a temperature sensor is installed in a piping portion between the cascade heat exchanger and the low temperature side decompressor.

REVERSIBLE THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A WORK MACHINE

A reversible thermal management system and method for a work machine is disclosed. The system comprises a prime mover, a battery, a first circuit, and a second circuit. The battery supplies at least a portion of power of the prime mover. The first circuit circulates a glycol adapted to exchange thermal energy with one or more of an electronic component, a transmission circuit, a hydraulic circuit and the battery. The second circuit circulates a refrigerant. The second circuit, which is thermally coupled to the first circuit by at least one heat exchanger, is adapted to exchange thermal energy with air.

Heat source unit and refrigeration cycle apparatus

A heat source unit and a refrigeration cycle apparatus that are able to reduce damage to a connection pipe when a refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is used are provided. An outdoor unit ( 20 ) that is connected via a liquid-side connection pipe ( 6 ) and a gas-side connection pipe ( 5 ) to an indoor unit ( 30 ) including an indoor heat exchanger ( 31 ) and that is a component of an air conditioner ( 1 ) includes a compressor ( 21 ) and an outdoor heat exchanger ( 23 ). A refrigerant containing at least 1,2-difluoroethylene is used as a refrigerant. A design pressure of the outdoor unit ( 20 ) is lower than 1.5 times a design pressure of each of the liquid-side connection pipe ( 6 ) and the gas-side connection pipe ( 5 ).

Test chamber

A test chamber ( 10 ) for conditioning air has a test space ( 12 ), and a temperature control device ( 11 ) for controlling the temperature of the test space and allowing a temperature in a range of −80° C. to +180° C., preferably −100° C. to +200° C., to be established within the test space, the temperature control device having a cooling device ( 16 ) with a cooling circuit ( 17 ), a heat exchanger ( 18 ), a compressor ( 19 ), a condenser ( 20 ), and an expansion element ( 21 ), wherein the refrigerant is a nearly azeotropic and/or zeotropic refrigerant mixture of a mass percentage of carbon dioxide and a mass percentage of at least one of the components ethane, ethene, hexafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, monofluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethene, fluoromethane and/or propane and/or xenon, the refrigerant having a relative CO 2 equivalent of <3000, preferably <500, in particular preferably <10, with respect to 20 years.

Methods to Reduce Chlorophyll Co-Extraction Through Extraction of Select Moieties Essential Oils and Aromatic Isolates

A system, machines and methods for extracting select moieties, flavonoids, and essential oils from plant material without co-extracting chlorophyll, lipids and other undesirable constituents from plants. Super-cooled extraction techniques are taught. Likewise, according to embodiments methods provides 100% grain ethyl alcohol extract with a concentration of chlorophyll that is below 1%. 1. A safer and more reliable extraction process for extracting a plant substrate comprising , in combination ,(i) pre-processing comprising lowering the temperature of a solvent to a range of −30 degrees C. to −50 degrees C.,(ii) contacting at −30 degrees C. to −50 degrees C., wherein there is a contacting time between the plant substrate and the solvent to create an emulsion,(iii) evaporating for reduction of the emulsion by means of atmospheric evaporation of the solvent,(iv) recovering for recovery of the solvent from the emulsion, wherein optionally,', '(a) the solvent is not 100% grain alcohol, or', '(b) wherein the solvent is 95% ethanol and 5% of a solvent that is another solvent that does not comprise ethanol, or', '(c) the solvent is at least one solvent-like material selected from the group consisting essentially of heptane, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, or methanol, or', '(d) wherein the solvent is not 100% ethanol., '(v) purging whereby a resultory extract is substantially free of any lipids and chlorophyll,'}2. The extraction process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is not 100% grain alcohol.3. The extraction process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is 95% ethanol and 5% of a solvent that is another solvent that does not comprise ethanol.4. The extraction process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is at least one solvent-like material selected from the group consisting essentially of heptane claim 1 , hexane claim 1 , isopropyl alcohol claim 1 , or methanol.5. A plant substrate extract produced by the safer and more reliable extraction process of .6. A composition that ...

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

A refrigerating apparatus includes an insulation housing including an inner box. The inner box has side plates and first and second refrigerating circuits including a first evaporation pipe and a second evaporation pipe, respectively. The first and second evaporation pipes are disposed on the side plates. The first and second evaporation pipes are bent so as to form a first comb shape and a second comb shape, respectively. The first and the second comb shapes form a nested structure. The first and second evaporation pipes include a first straight portion and a second straight portion extending the horizontal direction, respectively. A first distance between the first straight portion of the first evaporation pipe and the first straight portion of the second evaporation pipe and a second distance between the first straight portion of the second evaporation pipe and the second straight portion of the second evaporation pipe are substantially equal. 1. A refrigerating apparatus comprising:an insulation housing including an inner box, the inner box having side plates;a first refrigerating circuit including a first compressor and a first evaporator constituted by a first evaporation pipe; anda second refrigerating circuit including a second compressor and second evaporator constituted by a second evaporation pipe, wherein:the first and second evaporation pipes are disposed on the side plates of the inner box,the first evaporation pipe is bent so as to form a first comb shape on the side plates and the second evaporation pipe is bent so as to form a second comb shape on the side plates, the first comb shape and the second comb shape forming a nested structure, and the first evaporation pipe includes a first straight portion extending a horizontal direction, a second straight portion extending the horizontal direction and a corner portion connecting the first and second straight portions of the first evaporation pipe,', 'the second evaporation pipe includes a first ...

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

A refrigerating apparatus includes an insulation housing including an inner box. The inner box has first and second side plates and a first curved corner connecting the first and second side plates; and a first refrigerating circuit including a first compressor and a first evaporator constituted by a first evaporation pipe, the first evaporation pipe including a first portion extending a horizontal direction and a second portion extending a vertical direction. The first portion of the first evaporation pipe is disposed to contact to the first and second side plates and the first curved corner of the inner box, and the second portion of the first evaporation pipe is disposed outside of the first portion of the first evaporation pipe at the first curved corner so that the first portion of the first evaporation pipe locates between the first curved corner and the second portion of the first evaporation pipe. 1. A refrigerating apparatus comprising:an insulation housing including an inner box, the inner box having a first side plate, a second side plate and a first curved corner connecting the first and second side plates; anda first refrigerating circuit including a first compressor and a first evaporator constituted by a first evaporation pipe, the first evaporation pipe including a first portion extending a horizontal direction and a second portion extending a vertical direction, wherein:the first portion of the first evaporation pipe is disposed so as to contact to the first and second side plates and the first curved corner of the inner box, andthe second portion of the first evaporation pipe is disposed outside of the first portion of the first evaporation pipe at the first curved corner so that the first portion of the first evaporation pipe locates between the first curved corner and the second portion of the first evaporation pipe.2. The refrigerating apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a second refrigerating circuit including a second compressor and a ...

THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH DUAL-USE SERIAL THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE FOR SYSTEM SIZE REDUCTION

Thermal management systems for cooling high-power, low-duty-cycle thermal loads by rejecting heat from the thermal loads to the ambient environment are provided. The thermal management systems include a two-phase pump loop in fluid communication with a vapor compression system loop, evaporators disposed in parallel between the two-phase pump loop and the vapor compression system loop, and a thermal energy storage loop including a cold-temperature tank and a warm-temperature tank thermally coupled to the two-phase pump loop and the vapor-compression system loop. Methods of transferring heat from one or more thermal loads to an ambient environment are also provided. 1. A thermal management system , comprising:a thermal energy storage (“TES”) loop comprising a TES medium disposed in the TES loop, a TPPL condenser, a first tank, a first liquid pump, a first TES evaporator, a second tank, and a second liquid pump; anda primary fluid flow path comprising a primary fluid disposed in the primary fluid flow path, a two-phase pump loop (“TPPL”), a vapor compression system (“VCS”) loop, an accumulator, and a first-TES-evaporator branch; andwherein the TPPL is configured to cool a primary thermal load, the TPPL comprising a TPPL liquid pump and the TPPL condenser, the TPPL condenser configured to transfer heat from the primary fluid in the TPPL to the TES medium;wherein the VCS loop is configured to transfer heat from the primary fluid in the primary fluid flow path to an ambient environment via a VCS condenser;wherein the accumulator is configured to separate the primary fluid received from the TPPL and the VCS loop into a vapor-phase primary fluid and a liquid-phase primary fluid;wherein the first-TES-evaporator branch comprises the first TES evaporator and is in fluid communication with the TPPL downstream of the accumulator and with the VCS loop upstream of the compressor, wherein the first TES evaporator is configured to transfer heat from the TES medium to the VCS loop; ...

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS

A refrigerating apparatus includes a high-temperature side circuit and a low-temperature side circuit connected to each other via a cascade condenser, a low-temperature side second flow control valve that turns a refrigerant, passing through a liquid pipe connecting between a cooling unit and other circuit parts in a low-temperature side circuit b, into a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and an expansion tank connected to the suction side of a low-temperature circuit compressor via a tank electromagnetic valve. 1. A refrigerating apparatus comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a circuit including a heat source circuit including a two-stage compressor having a lower-side compressor and a higher-side compressor, a gas cooler, and an intermediate cooler, and a cooling unit including a first flow control valve and an evaporator connected in series to each other, the circuit being configured by connecting the two-stage compressor and the cooling unit via a liquid pipe for supplying a refrigerant from the heat source circuit to the cooling unit and a gas pipe for supplying the refrigerant from the cooling unit to the heat source circuit, the circuit being configured for a COrefrigerant to circulate therein;'}a branched pipe branched from a position between the gas cooler and the intermediate cooler so as to allow the refrigerant to flow into the intermediate cooler;a flow control valve for intermediate cooling provided in the branched pipe;a connection circuit connecting a discharge side of the lower-side compressor and a suction side of the higher-side compressor to the intermediate cooler;a second flow control valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing out of the intermediate cooler in the circuit and supply the refrigerant to the liquid pipe in a gas-liquid two-phase state; andan expansion tank connected to a suction side of the lower-side compressor in the circuit via a tank electromagnetic valve and configured to suppress an increase in pressure in the circuit during a non ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes: a low-stage refrigeration cycle including a low-stage compressor, a low-stage condenser, a low-stage pressure reducing device, and a low-stage evaporator, and circulating low-stage refrigerant; a high-stage refrigeration cycle including a high-stage compressor, a high-stage condenser, a high-stage pressure reducing device, and a high-stage evaporator, and circulating high-stage refrigerant; a cascade condenser exchanging heat between the low-stage refrigerant in the low-stage condenser and the high-stage refrigerant in the high-stage evaporator, and a controller. The low-stage refrigerant is a refrigerant that undergoes disproportionation. The low-stage refrigerant is maintained at a pressure lower than a disproportionation pressure at which the low-stage refrigerant undergoes disproportionation. 1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising:a low-stage refrigeration cycle including a low-stage compressor, a low-stage condenser, a low-stage pressure reducing device, and a low-stage evaporator, and circulating low-stage refrigerant;a high-stage refrigeration cycle including a high-stage compressor, a high-stage condenser, a high-stage pressure reducing device, and a high-stage evaporator, and circulating high-stage refrigerant;a cascade condenser configured to exchange heat between the low-stage refrigerant in the low-stage condenser and the high-stage refrigerant in the high-stage evaporator; anda controller,the low-stage refrigerant being a refrigerant that undergoes disproportionation,the low-stage refrigerant being maintained at a pressure lower than a disproportionation pressure at which the low-stage refrigerant undergoes disproportionation.2. The refrigeration cycle apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to change a low-pressure side pressure of the high-stage refrigeration cycle to maintain the low-stage refrigerant at a pressure lower than the disproportionation pressure of the low-stage ...

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Disclosed are cascaded refrigeration systems, comprising: a plurality of refrigeration units, each refrigeration unit containing a first refrigeration circuit, each first refrigeration circuit comprising an evaporator and a heat exchanger; and a second refrigeration circuit; wherein each first circuit heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat energy between its respective first refrigeration circuit and the second refrigeration circuit. 1. A cascaded refrigeration system comprising:(a) a plurality of low temperature refrigeration circuits, with each low temperature refrigeration circuit comprising:(i) a flammable low temperature refrigerant consisting essentially of HFO-1234yf, R-455A, propane and combinations of two or more of these and having a GWP of about 150 or less;(ii) a compressor having a horse power rating of about 2 horse power or less; and(iii) a heat exchanger in which said flammable low temperature refrigerant condenses at a temperature of from about −5° C. to about −15° C. to produce a liquid refrigerant; and(iv) a suction line heat exchanger connected upstream of said compressor for cooling said liquid refrigerant from same condenser by adding heat to the gas entering the compressor; and(b) a medium temperature refrigeration circuit comprising a non-flammable medium temperature refrigerant selected from the group consisting of (i) R515A; (ii) R515B; (iii) a mixture comprising on a weight basis about 70% R1234y and about 30% CF3I (FH); (iv) a mixture comprising on a weight basis about 78% R1234ze, about 2% R1233zd and about 20% CF3I (A1); and (v) a mixture comprising on a weight basis about 84% R1234ze, about 2% R1233zd and about 9.6% CF3I (A2), wherein said refrigerant evaporates at a temperature below said low temperature refrigerant condensing temperature and in the range of about −5° C. to about −15° C., wherein said medium temperature refrigerant evaporates in said heat exchanger by absorbing heat from said flammable refrigerant in said low ...

Two Stage Condensing and Metering Refrigeration System

A refrigeration system, includes a main refrigeration system. The main refrigeration system includes a main refrigerant, a main compressor, a main condenser coil, a pre-metering device, a main metering device, a main evaporator, and a secondary refrigeration system. In flow sequence, the main refrigerant within the main refrigeration system is compressed by the main compressor, condensed by the main condenser coil, dropped in pressure by the pre-metering device, cooled by the secondary refrigeration system, dropped in pressure by the main metering device, vaporized by the main evaporator and returned to the main compressor. The secondary refrigeration system includes a secondary refrigerant, a secondary compressor, a secondary condenser coil, a secondary metering device, a secondary evaporator having a main refrigerant cooling path and a secondary refrigerant evaporator path in heat transfer communication. In flow sequence, the secondary refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration system is compressed by the secondary compressor, condensed by the secondary condenser coil, dropped in pressure by the secondary metering device, and vaporized by the evaporator path by heat transfer from the cooling path carrying the main refrigerant, and returned to the secondary compressor. The main condenser coil and the secondary condenser coil are located together in a housing to be cooled by the same flowing media. The secondary evaporator is a co-axial pipe heat exchanger. 1. A refrigeration system , comprising:a main refrigeration system including a main refrigerant, a main compressor, a main condenser coil, a pre-metering device, a main metering device, a main evaporator, and a secondary refrigeration system;wherein an outlet of the main compressor is main-refrigerant-flow-connected to the main condenser coil, the main condenser coil is main-refrigerant-flow-connected to the pre-metering device, the pre-metering device is main-refrigerant-flow-connected to the secondary ...

Heat transport system

A heat transport system includes: a refrigerant circuit that seals therein a fluid including HFC-32 and/or HFO refrigerant as a refrigerant and that includes a refrigerant booster that boosts the refrigerant, an outdoor air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and outdoor air, a medium heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and a heat transfer medium, and a refrigerant flow path switch that switches between a refrigerant radiation state and a refrigerant evaporation state; and a medium circuit that seals carbon dioxide therein as the heat transfer medium.

Refrigeration cycle of refrigerator

Provided is a refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator. The refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator including a first refrigeration cycle in which a first refrigerant flows along a first refrigerant tube and a second refrigeration cycle in which a second refrigerant flows along a second refrigerant tube includes first and second compressors compressing each of the first and second refrigerants into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, a combined condenser condensing each of the first and second refrigerants passing through the first and second compressors into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, first and second expansion valves phase-changing each of the first and second refrigerants passing through the combined condenser into a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and first and second evaporators changing the refrigerant passing through each of the first and second expansion valves into a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

COOLING SYSTEMS AND METHODS INCORPORATING A PLURAL IN-SERIES PUMPED LIQUID REFRIGERANT TRIM EVAPORATOR CYCLE

The cooling systems and methods of the present disclosure relate to a plural in-series pumped liquid refrigerant trim evaporator cycle that may be incorporated into an existing cooling system to increase the efficiency of the existing cooling system. The cooling systems of the present disclosure include a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load, such as a heat load being cooled by the existing cooling system, and a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil. The cooling systems further includes a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow, and a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil. A trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to incrementally further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator coil when the temperature of the free-cooled first fluid flowing out of the main compressor of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit exceeds a predetermined threshold temperature. 1a first evaporator coil in thermal communication with an air intake flow to a heat load;a first liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the first evaporator coil and a first fluid free-cooled by a fluid cooler;a second evaporator coil disposed in series with the first evaporator coil in the air intake flow and in thermal communication with the air intake flow to the heat load;a second liquid refrigerant distribution unit in thermal communication with the second evaporator coil and the first fluid free-cooled by the fluid cooler; andwherein a trim compression cycle of the second liquid refrigerant distribution unit is configured to incrementally further cool the air intake flow through the second evaporator coil when the temperature of the ...

FLUID TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM

A fluid temperature control system cools a fluid by means of a multiple refrigeration apparatus including a high-temperature-side refrigerator (), a medium-temperature-side refrigerator () and a low-temperature-side refrigerator (). The medium-temperature-side refrigerator () in the multiple refrigeration apparatus has a medium-temperature-side first evaporator () and a medium-temperature-side second evaporator (). A high-temperature-side evaporator () of the high-temperature-side refrigerator () and a medium-temperature-side condenser () of the medium-temperature-side refrigerator () constitute a first cascade condenser (CC). The medium-temperature-side second evaporator () of the medium-temperature-side refrigerator () and a low-temperature-side condenser () of the low-temperature-side refrigerator () constitute a second cascade condenser (CC). The medium-temperature-side refrigerant and the low-temperature-side refrigerant are the same refrigerant. The fluid allowed to flow by a fluid flow apparatus is cooled by the medium-temperature-side first evaporator () of the medium-temperature-side refrigerator (), and is then cooled by the low-temperature-side evaporator () of the low-temperature-side refrigerator (). 1. A fluid temperature control system comprising:a high-temperature-side refrigerator having a high-temperature-side refrigeration circuit in which a high-temperature-side compressor, a high-temperature-side condenser, a high-temperature-side expansion valve and a high-temperature-side evaporator are connected such that a high-temperature-side refrigerant circulates therethrough in this order;a medium-temperature-side refrigerator having a medium-temperature-side circuit in which a medium-temperature-side compressor, a medium-temperature-side condenser, a medium-temperature-side first expansion valve and a medium-temperature-side first evaporator are connected such that a medium-temperature-side refrigerant circulates therethrough in this order, the medium- ...

TEST CHAMBER

A test chamber for conditioning air has a temperature-insulated test space sealable against an environment for receiving test materials and a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the test space, a temperature ranging from −20° C. to +180° C. in temperature being able to be realized within the test space by means of the temperature control device, said temperature control device comprising a cooling device having a cooling cycle having a refrigerant, a heat transmitter, a compressor, a condenser and an expanding element, the cooling cycle comprising an internal heat transmitter, the internal heat transmitter being connected to a high-pressure side of the cooling cycle upstream of the expanding element and downstream of the condenser in a flow direction, said refrigerant being able to cooled by means of the internal heat transmitter which is coupled to an adjustable supplementary refrigeration of the cooling device. 110415611425712451355621444631571. A test chamber for conditioning air , comprising a temperature-insulated test space sealable against an environment for receiving test materials and a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the test space , a temperature ranging from −20° C. to +180° C. in temperature being able to be realized within the test space by means of the temperature control device , said temperature control device comprising a cooling device ( , , ) having a cooling cycle ( , , ) having a refrigerant , a heat transmitter ( , ) , a compressor ( , , ) , a condenser ( , , ) and an expanding element ( , ) ,characterized in that{'b': 24', '47', '64', '18', '65, 'the cooling cycle comprises an internal heat transmitter (, , ), the internal heat transmitter being connected to a high-pressure side (, ) of the cooling cycle upstream of the expanding element and downstream of the condenser in a flow direction, said refrigerant being able to be cooled by means of the internal heat transmitter which is coupled ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING A REFRIGERATION SYSTEM

A refrigeration system includes a refrigerated cavity, a first compression system, and a second compression system. The refrigeration system further includes a controller configured to operate the refrigeration system in a first mode in which the first compression system and the second compression system operate to cool the refrigerated cavity. The refrigeration system is further configured to selectively operate the refrigeration system in a second mode in which a refrigerant discharged from the second compressor is routed through the first evaporator to defrost the first evaporator. 1. A refrigeration system comprising:a refrigerated cavity;a first compression system comprising a first compressor, and a first evaporator;a second compression system comprising a second compressor; and operate the refrigeration system in a first mode in which at least one of the first compression system or the second compression system operates to cool the refrigerated cavity to a temperature;', 'selectively operate the refrigeration system in a second mode in which the second compression system operates to discharge a refrigerant from the second compressor, wherein the refrigerant is routed through the first evaporator to defrost the first evaporator; and', 'switch the refrigeration system between the first mode and the second mode based upon a parameter., 'a controller configured to2. The refrigeration system of claim 1 , wherein the second compression system further comprises a cold wall system claim 1 , and the controller is configured to operate the second compression system to defrost the first evaporator while storing cold energy in the cold wall system during the second mode.3. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , wherein the cold wall system is configured to cool the refrigerated cavity to the temperature during the first mode.4. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , wherein the cold wall system includes at least one eutectic plate.5. The refrigeration system of claim 2 , ...

System and Method for Cryogenic Cooling

A heat exchanger within an insulated enclosure receives primary refrigerant at a high pressure and cools the primary refrigerant using a secondary refrigerant from a secondary refrigeration system. An expansion unit within the insulated enclosure receives the primary refrigerant at the high pressure from the heat exchanger and discharges the primary refrigerant at a low pressure. A supply line delivers the primary refrigerant at the low pressure to the load and a return line returns the primary refrigerant from the load to the primary refrigeration system. A system control unit controls operation of at least one of the primary refrigeration system and the secondary refrigeration system to provide a variable refrigeration capacity to the load based on at least one of: a pressure of the primary refrigerant delivered to the load, and at least one temperature of the load. 1. A system for providing a cooling refrigerant to a load , the system comprising: a compressor taking in the refrigerant at a low pressure and discharging the refrigerant at a high pressure;', 'an expansion valve receiving the refrigerant at the high pressure from the compressor and discharging the refrigerant at the low pressure to an insulated enclosure,', 'the insulated enclosure comprising an inlet receiving the refrigerant from the expansion valve and an outlet returning the refrigerant at the low pressure to the compressor;', 'at least one heat exchanger within the insulated enclosure receiving the refrigerant at the low pressure and cooling the refrigerant using a secondary refrigeration system in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant;', 'a supply line delivering the refrigerant at the low pressure to the load and a return line returning the refrigerant from the load to the primary refrigeration system;, 'a closed loop primary refrigeration system comprising'}the secondary refrigeration system, wherein the secondary refrigeration system comprises at least one secondary cryogenic ...

CONTROL METHOD FOR REFRIGERATOR

A control method for a refrigerator comprises: decreasing an output of at least one of a cold air supply means for a first storage chamber or stopping the cold air supply means, if a sensed temperature of the first storage chamber reaches a value less than or equal to a second reference temperature; increasing the output, if a certain time has passed after the temperature has reached the value less than or equal to the second reference temperature, or if the temperature reaches a first specific value between a first reference temperature and the second reference temperature; and decreasing the output or stopping the cold air supply means, if a certain time has passed after the output of the air supply means has been changed in a previous step, or if the temperature reaches a preset second specific value between the first specific value and the second reference temperature. 1. A method for controlling a refrigerator comprising a first compressor and a second compressor , which compress a refrigerant , a first evaporator receiving the refrigerant from the first compressor to generate cold air for cooling a first storage chamber , a first cooling fan for supplying the cold air into the first storage chamber , a second evaporator receiving the cold air from the second compressor to generate cold air for cooling the second storage chamber , and a second cooling fan for supplying the cold air into the second storage chamber , wherein a cooling cycle of the first storage chamber and a cooling cycle of the second storage chamber operate at the same time or alternately operate , the method comprising:sensing a temperature of the first storage chamber;increasing an output of a cold air supply means for the first storage chamber when the sensed temperature of the first storage chamber reaches a value that is equal to or above a first reference temperature for the first storage chamber;decreasing at least one output of the cold air supply means for the first storage chamber, or ...

REFRIGERATION CYCLE APPARATUS

During a first cooling operation, a compressor is in an operational state, a liquid pump is in a non-operational state, and an amount of refrigerant allowing for existence of a liquid surface of the refrigerant in a refrigerant tank is accumulated in the refrigerant tank. During a second cooling operation, the compressor is in the non-operational state, the liquid pump is in the operational state, and the amount of the refrigerant allowing for the liquid surface of the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank is accumulated in the refrigerant tank. 1. A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising a refrigerant circuit , wherein a compressor configured to compress refrigerant,', 'an air heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between air and the refrigerant,', 'a first throttle device,', 'a water heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant and water,', 'a refrigerant tank and a liquid pump each connected to the first throttle device in parallel,', 'a bypass pipe connected to the compressor in parallel, and', 'a bypass valve configured to adjust an amount of the refrigerant flowing in the bypass pipe,, 'the refrigerant circuit comprises'}during a first cooling operation, the compressor is in an operational state, the liquid pump is in a non-operational state, and an amount of the refrigerant allowing for existence of a liquid surface of the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank is accumulated in the refrigerant tank, andduring a second cooling operation, the compressor is in the non-operational state, the liquid pump is in the operational state, and the amount of the refrigerant allowing for the existence of the liquid surface of the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank is accumulated in the refrigerant tank.2. The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling operation is performed when a temperature of outside air is more than or equal to a threshold value claim 1 , and the second cooling operation is performed when ...

Refrigerating apparatus

A refrigerating apparatus includes a high-temperature side circuit and a low-temperature side circuit connected to each other via a cascade condenser, a low-temperature side second flow control valve that turns a refrigerant, passing through a liquid pipe connecting between a cooling unit and other circuit parts in a low-temperature side circuit b, into a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and an expansion tank connected to the suction side of a low-temperature circuit compressor via a tank electromagnetic valve.

HEAT PUMP ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR OPERATING HEAT PUMP ARRANGEMENT

A heat pump arrangement including a first heat pump through which a first fluid flows, a second heat pump through which a second fluid flows, and a heat exchanger to transfer heat from the first fluid to the second fluid. The heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid at a fluid temperature of at least 120° C. for the second fluid. The first fluid and the second fluid each have a volumetric heating capacity of at least 500 kJ/m3 when the heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid. Useful heat is extracted from the second fluid at a fluid temperature of at least 120° C. for the second fluid, and the first fluid and the second fluid each have a volumetric heating capacity of at least 500 kJ/mwhen the useful heat is extracted. 110-. (canceled)11. A method for operating a heat pump system in which a first fluid flows through a first heat pump , a second fluid flows through a second heat pump , and heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid using a heat exchanger , the method comprising:{'sup': '3', 'extracting useful heat from the second fluid at a fluid temperature of at least 120° C. for the second fluid, the first fluid and the second fluid each having a volumetric heating capacity of at least 500 kJ/mwhen the useful heat is extracted.'}12. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the useful heat is extracted from the second fluid at a fluid temperature of at least 150° C.13. The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the useful heat is extracted from the second fluid at a fluid temperature of at least 160° C.14. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the first fluid is a fluoroketone.15. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the second fluid is one of water and a fluoroketone.16. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the first fluid and the second fluid are different fluids.17. The method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid ...

INTERCOOLER BYPASS

A compressor system for compressing gases in a multistage compression includes a next-to-last compressor in a flow direction and a last compressor which are connected in series, one or more intercoolers between the next-to-last compressor and the last compressor, and an adsorption dryer connected downstream of the last compressor and designed as a rotation dryer having a rotating adsorption chamber. An inside of the adsorption chamber includes a regeneration sector and a drying sector. The regeneration sector is connected to the last compressor such that the compressed gas stream output from the last compressor is guided in a full stream principle through the regeneration sector. A bypass line which bypasses the intercoolers is situated between next-to-last compressor and last compressor, and includes a setting element to set the gas stream guided via the bypass line and therefore the regeneration entry temperature of the compressed gas in the regeneration sector appropriately. 118.-. (canceled)19. A compressor system for compressing gases in a multistage compression , the compressor system comprising:{'b': 11', '12', '11', '12', '11', '12, 'multiple compressors (, ) connected in series, the multiple compressors (, ) comprising at least one next-to-last compressor () in a flow direction and a last compressor () which defines a highest compressor stage within the multistage compression;'}{'b': 13', '11', '12, 'one or more intercoolers () between the at least one next-to-last compressor () and the last compressor (); and'}{'b': 16', '12', '16', '44', '17', '18, 'claim-text': [{'b': 17', '12', '12', '17', '16, 'wherein the regeneration sector () is connected to the last compressor () such that a compressed gas stream output from the last compressor () is guided according to a full stream principle through the regeneration sector () of the adsorption dryer (), and'}, {'b': 14', '13', '11', '12', '15', '14', '14', '17, 'sub': 'Ri', 'wherein a bypass line () which ...

Air-conditioning unit

An air-conditioning unit that is able to suppress ignition at an electric heater even when leakage of refrigerant occurs while a low-GWP refrigerant is used is provided. In an outdoor unit (20) including a casing (60), a compressor (21) provided inside the casing (60) and configured to compress refrigerant containing 1,2-difluoroethylene, and a drain pan heater (54) provided inside the casing (60), an electric power consumption of the drain pan heater (54) is lower than or equal to 300 W.

Compressor With Cooling System

A system may include first and second compressors, first and second heat exchangers, a flash tank, and first, second and third fluid paths. The first compressor may include first and second inlets. The second compressor may receive fluid from an outlet of the first compressor. The first heat exchanger may receive fluid from the second compressor. The flash tank may receive fluid from the first heat exchanger and includes a vapor outlet and a liquid outlet. The second heat exchanger may be in fluid communication with the flash tank and may receive fluid from the liquid outlet. The first fluid path extends from an outlet of the second heat exchanger to an inlet of the second compressor. The second fluid path extends from the vapor outlet to the first fluid path. The third fluid path may transmit fluid from the vapor outlet to the second inlet. 1. A climate-control system comprising:a first compressor having a first compression mechanism, a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, the first compression mechanism receiving working fluid from the first inlet and discharging the working fluid through the outlet;a second compressor in fluid communication with the first compressor and having a second compression mechanism receiving working fluid from the outlet of the first compressor;a first heat exchanger in fluid communication with the second compressor and receiving working fluid from the second compressor;a flash tank in fluid communication with the first heat exchanger and receiving working fluid from the first heat exchanger, the flash tank including a vapor outlet and a liquid outlet;a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the flash tank and receiving working fluid from the liquid outlet;a first fluid path extending from an outlet of the second heat exchanger to a first inlet of the second compressor;a second fluid path extending from the vapor outlet of the flash tank to the first fluid path; anda third fluid path coupled to the second inlet of the ...

REFRIGERATION DEVICE AND SYSTEM

Disclosed is a low-temperature refrigeration device comprising a working circuit that forms a loop and contains a working fluid the working circuit forming a cycle which includes, connected in series: a compression mechanism, a cooling mechanism, an expansion mechanism and a heating mechanism, the device further comprising a refrigeration heat exchanger for extracting heat from at least one member by exchanging heat with the working fluid flowing in the working circuit, the compression mechanism comprising two separate compressors, the mechanism for cooling the working fluid comprising two cooling heat exchangers which are arranged respectively at the outlet of the two compressors and ensure heat exchange between the working fluid and a cooling fluid, each cooling heat exchanger comprising a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet, characterized in that the cooling fluid outlet of one of the two cooling heat exchangers is connected to the cooling fluid inlet of the other cooling heat exchanger. 17-. (canceled)8. A low-temperature refrigeration device for refrigeration at a temperature of between minus 100 degrees centigrade and minus 273 degrees centigrade , comprising a working circuit and a refrigeration heat exchanger , wherein:the working circuit forms a loop and contains a working fluid;the working circuit forms a cycle that comprises, in series: a compression mechanism for compressing the working fluid, a cooling mechanism for cooling the working fluid, an expanding mechanism for expanding the working fluid, and a heating mechanism for heating the working fluid;the compression mechanism comprises two separate compressors;the cooling mechanism comprises two cooling heat exchangers that are disposed respectively at the outlets of the two compressors and ensure heat exchange between the working fluid and a cooling fluid;each cooling heat exchanger comprises an inlet for cooling fluid and an outlet for cooling fluid;the outlet for cooling fluid of one of ...

Ammonia Plant Upgrading-Multistage Integrated Chilling of Process Air Compressor with Ammonia Compressor Followed by Air Flow Split and Multistage Air Preheating to Secondary Ammonia Reformer

This disclosure relates to an ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing both a direct and indirect multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant as well as upgrades to provide more heating to the increased process air flow. 1. An ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing a direct multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant comprising:a. a two stage suction air chiller in the air compression system that chills incoming air by heat exchange with expanded high pressure ammonia from the ammonia compression system of the ammonia plant;b. additional two stage air chillers between each of the air compressors of the air compression train, each air chiller chilling incoming air by heat exchange with expanded high pressure ammonia from the ammonia compression system of the ammonia plant.2. The ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing a direct multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant of further comprising:a. a new steam preheater for heating the increased process air flow; i. the existing dedicated process air preheat coils of the secondary reformer;', 'ii. modified feed preheat convection coils of the secondary reformer; and', 'iii. modified boiler feedwater convection coils; and, 'b. wherein the preheated and increased production flow from the air compression train is separated into three streams which are further heated inc. wherein the combined heated three streams are fed to the secondary reformer.3. An ammonia plant system upgrade utilizing an indirect multistage chilling system in the ammonia plant air compression train to increase process air flow to the secondary ammonia reformer of the ammonia plant comprising:a. a two stage suction air chiller in ...

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Disclosed are cascaded refrigeration systems, comprising: a plurality of refrigeration units, each refrigeration unit containing a first refrigeration circuit, each first refrigeration circuit comprising an evaporator and a heat exchanger; and a second refrigeration circuit; wherein each first circuit heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat energy between its respective first refrigeration circuit and the second refrigeration circuit. 1. A cascaded refrigeration system comprising: (i) a flammable low temperature refrigerant having a GWP of about 150 or less;', '(ii) a compressor having a horse power rating of about 2 horse power or less; and', '(iii) a heat exchanger in which said flammable low temperature refrigerant condenses in the range of temperatures of from about −5° C. to about −15° C.; and, '(a) a plurality of low temperature refrigeration circuits, with each low temperature refrigeration circuit comprising(b) a medium temperature refrigeration circuit comprising a non-flammable medium temperature refrigerant evaporating at a temperature below said low temperature refrigerant condensing temperature and in the range of about −5° C. to about −15° C., wherein said medium temperature refrigerant evaporates in said heat exchanger by absorbing heat from said flammable refrigerant in said low temperature refrigeration circuit.2. The cascaded refrigeration system of claim 1 , wherein each refrigeration circuit is in a modular refrigeration unit and wherein at least one of said modular refrigeration units is located in a first area open to the public.3. The cascaded refrigeration system of claim 2 , wherein the second refrigeration circuit includes portions that extend the second refrigeration circuit between the first area and a second area.4. The cascaded refrigeration system of claim 3 , wherein the second area is a machine room.5. The cascaded refrigeration system of claim 4 , wherein the second refrigeration circuit includes portions that extend the second ...

REFRIGERATION APPARATUS

A refrigeration apparatus includes a high-temperature side circulation circuit and a low-temperature side circulation circuit. The high-temperature side circulation circuit A is configured by connecting a high-temperature side compressor, a high-temperature side condenser, a high-temperature side expansion valve, and a high-temperature side evaporator of a cascade heat exchanger to one another. The low-temperature side circulation circuit is configured by connecting a low-temperature side compressor, a low-temperature side condenser of the cascade heat exchanger, a receiver that stores a liquid refrigerant, a solenoid valve, a low-temperature side expansion valve, and a low-temperature side evaporator to one another. A refrigerant in the low-temperature side circulation circuit includes a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing at least COand R32. The content of R32 in the entire zeotropic refrigerant mixture is 50% to 74% by mass, and the GWP of the zeotropic refrigerant mixture is equal to or less than 500. 1. A refrigeration apparatus comprising:a high-temperature side circulation circuit configured by connecting a high-temperature side compressor, a high-temperature side condenser, a high-temperature side expansion valve, and a high-temperature side evaporator of a cascade heat exchanger to one another; anda low-temperature side circulation circuit configured by connecting a low-temperature side compressor, a low-temperature side condenser of the cascade heat exchanger, a receiver that stores a liquid refrigerant, a solenoid valve, a low-temperature side expansion valve, and a low-temperature side evaporator to one another, wherein{'sub': '2', 'a refrigerant in the low-temperature side circulation circuit includes a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing at least COand R32,'}a content of R32 in the entire zeotropic refrigerant mixture is 50% to 74% by mass, anda GWP of the zeotropic refrigerant mixture is not more than 500.2. The refrigeration apparatus of ...

BINARY REFRIGERATION APPARATUS

A two-stage refrigeration apparatus includes a high-stage refrigeration cycle including a high-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a high-stage-side compressor, high-stage-side condenser, high-stage-side expansion valve, and high-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a low-stage refrigeration cycle including a low-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a low-stage-side compressor, low-stage-side condenser, low-stage-side receiver, low-stage-side expansion valve, and low-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a cascade condenser including the high-stage-side evaporator and low-stage-side condenser, a receiver heat exchanging portion configured to cool the low-stage-side receiver, and a high-stage refrigeration cycle controller configured to perform controlling so as to activate the high-stage-side compressor when estimating a low-stage-side refrigerant will reach a supercritical state when the low-stage-side compressor is inactive on the basis of the pressure of the low-stage-side refrigerant. 1. A two-stage refrigeration apparatus comprising:a first refrigeration cycle device including a first refrigerant circuit in which a first compressor, a first condenser, a first expansion device, and a first evaporator are connected by pipes, the first refrigerant circuit circulating a first refrigerant;a second refrigeration cycle device including a second refrigerant circuit in which a second compressor, a second condenser, a receiver, a second expansion device, and a second evaporator are connected by pipes, the second refrigerant circuit circulating a second refrigerant;a cascade condenser including the first evaporator and the second condenser and configured to cause the first refrigerant flowing in the first evaporator and the second refrigerant flowing in the second condenser to exchange heat with each other;a receiver heat exchanging portion configured to cool the receiver by heat exchange with a portion in which the first refrigerant being low-pressure ...

Load Balancing Method for Two Compressors

A load balancing method for two compressors. The two compressors are used in a refrigeration system and are driven coaxially by the same driving device. The method comprises the steps of obtaining parameters, determining balance, and controlling start/stop states. The parameters in the step of obtaining parameters are parameters related to the two compressors, such as a compressor suction side flow rate, or exhaust side flow rate, or suction side temperature; the step of determining balance comprises determining, on the basis of the obtained parameters related to the two compressors, whether load is balanced between the two compressors; the step of controlling start/top states comprises controlling the start/stop states of the two compressors according to whether the load is balanced. The method can monitor the load balance state of two compressors that are coaxially driven, thereby effectively avoiding failure of the refrigeration system caused by unbalanced loads of the compressors. 1101102101102101102103101102104. A load balancing method for two compressors , the two compressors being used in a refrigeration system , comprising a first compressor () and a second compressor () , wherein the first compressor () and the second compressor () are driven coaxially by the same driving device , suction sides of the first compressor () and the second compressor () are both connected with the same evaporator () via a pipeline , and exhaust sides of the first compressor () and the second compressor () are both connected with the same condenser () via a pipeline , characterized in that the method comprises:{'b': 101', '102, 'obtaining parameters, the parameters being related to the first compressor () and the second compressor ();'}{'b': 101', '102', '101', '102, 'determining balance, comprising determining whether a balance is achieved between the first compressor () and the second compressor () according to the obtained parameters related to the first compressor () and the ...

CASCADE HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM

A transport refrigeration system (TRS) includes a first heat transfer circuit including a first compressor, a condenser, a first expansion device, and a cascade heat exchanger. The first compressor, the condenser, the first expansion device, and the cascade heat exchanger are in fluid communication such that a first heat transfer fluid can flow therethrough. The TRS includes a second heat transfer circuit including a second compressor, the cascade heat exchanger, a second expansion device, and an evaporator. The second compressor, the cascade heat exchanger, the second expansion device, and the evaporator are in fluid communication such that a second heat transfer fluid can flow therethrough. The first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit are arranged in thermal communication at the cascade heat exchanger such that the first heat transfer fluid and the second heat transfer fluid are in a heat exchange relationship at the cascade heat exchanger. 1. A transport refrigeration system (TRS) , comprising: 'a first compressor, a condenser, a first expansion device, and a cascade heat exchanger, wherein the first compressor, the condenser, the first expansion device, and the cascade heat exchanger are in fluid communication such that a first heat transfer fluid can flow therethrough; and', 'a first heat transfer circuit, including 'a second compressor, the cascade heat exchanger, a second expansion device, and an evaporator, wherein the second compressor, the cascade heat exchanger, the second expansion device, and the evaporator are in fluid communication such that a second heat transfer fluid can flow therethrough;', 'a second heat transfer circuit, includingwherein the first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit are arranged in thermal communication at the cascade heat exchanger such that the first heat transfer fluid and the second heat transfer fluid are in a heat exchange relationship at the cascade heat exchanger.2. The TRS ...

HEATING INSTALLATION

A heating installation comprising: a first circuit (C); a second circuit (C); a first heat pump () for heating the medium in the first circuit; a heat exchanger () which is arranged in the second circuit and connected between a condenser () and an expansion valve () of the first heat pump; second and third heat pumps () arranged for heating a medium by absorbing heat energy from the medium in the second circuit; and an accumulator tank () arranged in the second circuit downstream of the second heat pump (). The accumulator tank is connected to an evaporator () of the third heat pump () in order to allow medium to circulate between the accumulator tank and this evaporator so that heat exchange between the medium in the second circuit and a working medium of the third heat pump is possible via the evaporator of the third heat pump. 1. A heating installation comprising:{'b': '1', 'a first circuit (C) containing a medium;'}{'b': '2', 'a second circuit (C) containing a medium;'}{'b': 4', '1, 'a first heat pump () arranged for heating the medium in the first circuit (C);'}{'b': 10', '2', '4', '4', '4', '4', '2, 'i': b', 'd, 'a heat exchanger () which is arranged in the second circuit (C) and which is connected between a condenser () and an expansion valve () of the first heat pump () to transfer heat from a working medium of the first heat pump () to the medium in the second circuit (C);'}{'b': 11', '2, 'a second heat pump () arranged for heating a medium by absorbing heat energy from the medium in the second circuit (C), wherein'}{'b': 11', '2', '2', '11', '11', '11, 'i': 'a', 'the second heat pump () has its input side connected to the second circuit (C) so that heat exchange between the medium in the second circuit (C) and a working medium of the second heat pump () is possible via an evaporator () of the second heat pump (); and'}{'b': 12', '2, 'claim-text': {'b': 12', '2', '11', '10', '10', '10, 'i': b', 'a, 'this accumulator tank () is arranged in the second circuit ...

Grid interactive micro-distributed refrigerated display case

The present disclosure relates to an improved open vertical display case (OVDC) which utilizes radiant cooling to cool and/or maintain food products at a target temperature. The radiant cooling is performed using a plurality of piping routed through the walls and containing a first refrigerant stream. The plurality of piping may be cooled using a refrigeration circuit. In some embodiments, a phase change material may be used for thermal energy storage and positioned between the plurality of piping and the refrigeration circuit. In some embodiments, the refrigeration circuit may be connected to heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and water heating systems within the building.

EXHAUST HEAT RECOVERY TYPE OF AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

An exhaust heat recovery type of air-conditioning apparatus includes: an air-conditioning-side refrigerant circuit including a first flow switching device, a second flow switching device, and an exhaust-heat recovery heat exchanger connected in parallel to an outdoor heat exchanger and an indoor heat exchanger; and a refrigeration-side refrigerant circuit. The first flow switching device causes the outdoor heat exchanger to communicate with one of a discharge side and a suction side of a first compressor through a pipe. The second flow switching device causes the indoor heat exchanger to communicate with one of the discharge and suction sides of the first compressor through a pipe. The exhaust-heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the suction side of the first compressor through a pipe, and causes heat exchange between refrigerants. Because of the above configuration, the exhaust heat recovery type of air-conditioning apparatus can use exhaust heat in any of operation modes. 1. An exhaust heat recovery type of air-conditioning apparatus comprising:an air-conditioning-side refrigerant circuit in which a first compressor, a first flow switching device, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first expansion device, an indoor heat exchanger and a second flow switching device are connected by pipes, and an exhaust-heat recovery heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger by pipes; anda refrigeration-side refrigerant circuit in which a second compressor, the exhaust-heat recovery heat exchanger, a refrigeration-side expansion device and a cooler are connected by pipes,wherein the first flow switching device is provided between the outdoor heat exchanger and the exhaust-heat recovery heat exchanger, and causes the outdoor heat exchanger to communicate with one of a discharge side and a suction side of the first compressor through an associated one of the pipes,the second flow switching device is provided between the ...