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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 5507. Отображено 100.
13-09-2012 дата публикации

Method of determining an amount of impurities that a contaminating material contributes to high purity silicon and furnace for treating high purity silicon

Номер: US20120227472A1
Автор: Alan Rytlewski, Dennis DePasa, Jon Host, Troy Houthoofd
Принадлежит: Individual

A method of determining an amount of impurities that a contaminating material contributes to high purity silicon comprises the step of partially encasing a sample of high purity silicon in the contaminating material. The sample encased in the contaminating material is heated within a furnace. A change in impurity content of the high purity silicon is determined after the step of heating, compared to an impurity content of the high purity silicon prior to the step of heating.

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Номер записи: 1
21-02-2013 дата публикации

Electric arc furnace dust recycling apparatus and method

Номер: US20130042722A1
Автор: Ezekiel Kruglick
Принадлежит: Individual

The present technology provides an illustrative apparatus for recycle electric arc furnace (EAF) dust and method of use related to the same. The apparatus has a heat controlling region coupled to a separation volume and includes at least one magnet and a cooling region. The heating controlling region operates at a temperature sufficient to transform at least some of the EAF dust into a mixture of gaseous zinc and one or more additional metals. The magnet separates the iron-rich material from the mixture of gaseous zinc and one or more additional metals and the cooling region condenses the gaseous zinc.

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Номер записи: 2
14-11-2013 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for controlling a furnace pressure of a continuous annealing furnace

Номер: US20130304263A1
Автор: Bin Yin, Dejian Wen, Guoqiang Qian, Hongxu Hei, Huazhong Gu, Jun Zhang, Yongfeng Liu
Принадлежит: Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd

A method for controlling furnace pressure of a continuous annealing furnace is disclosed. The method comprises detecting a coal gas flow volume and an air flow volume in each section by use of a coal gas flow volume detector and an air flow volume detector disposed in each section of a continuous annealing furnace, respectively, adding up the coal gas flow volume detected in each section to obtain a total input coal gas flow volume; adding up the air flow volume detected in each section to obtain a total input air flow volume, and calculating a pre-combustion gas pressure in the furnace based on the total input coal gas flow volume and the total input air flow volume; detecting compositions of the coal gas and a ratio of the coal gas to the air by use of a composition detector; detecting a pre-combustion gas temperature in the furnace by use of a thermocouple; predicting post-combustion gas compositions and a total gas volume based on chemical combustion reaction equations and based on the total input coal gas flow volume, the total input air flow volume, the coal gas compositions and the ratio of the coal gas to the air; igniting the coal gas and the air in the furnace; and detecting a post-combustion gas temperature in the furnace by use of a thermocouple; calculating a post-combustion gas pressure in the furnace based on the pre-combustion gas pressure in the furnace, pre-combustion gas temperature in the furnace and the post-combustion gas temperature in the furnace; and calculating an opening degree for an exhaust gas fan based on the pre-combustion gas pressure in the furnace and the post-combustion gas pressure in the furnace and by use of a gas increment pass algorithm, and using the opening degree to control the exhaust gas fan.

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Номер записи: 3
07-01-2016 дата публикации

CONDUCTIVE LAMINATE

Номер: US20160002502A1
Автор: KIM Hyun Cheol, Kwon Yoon Kyung, PARK Hyon Gyu
Принадлежит:

Provided are a conductive laminate, a method of manufacturing the same, and an electronic device including the same. The conductive laminate may prevent bubbles from being generated from a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer during thermal treatment for crystallizing a conductive layer. 1. A conductive laminate , comprising:a base layer;a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed under the base layer, and comprising a crosslinkable polymer comprising a monomer having a boiling point of 150° C. or less, or 200° C. or more as a polymerization unit; anda conductive layer formed on the base layer.2. The laminate according to claim 1 , further comprising:a second base layer formed under the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; anda second conductive layer formed under the second base layer.3. The laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinkable polymer does not comprise a monomer having a boiling point of more than 150° C. and less than 200° C.4. The laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the monomer having a boiling point of 150° C. or less claim 1 , or 200° C. or more is ethyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , n-propyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , isopropyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , n-butyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , pentyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate claim 1 , 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate claim 1 , 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate claim 1 , n-octyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , isooctyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , isononyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , lauryl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , tetra decyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , methyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , t-butyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , isobornyl acrylate claim 1 , cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate claim 1 , acrylic acid claim 1 , maleic acid claim 1 , styrene claim 1 , vinyl acetate claim 1 , isopropyl methacrylate claim 1 , acrylonitrile dihydrodicyclo pentadienyl acrylate claim 1 , N-vinylformamide claim 1 , benzyl acrylate claim 1 , diacetone acrylamide claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 4
07-01-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR TREATING INSULATING GLASS UNITS CONTAINING A SUSPENDED FILM

Номер: US20160002971A1
Автор: Stoessel Christian H., Wipfler Richard T., Xiong Zhisheng
Принадлежит: Southwall Technologies Inc.

A thermal treatment method for insulating glass units or IGUs having one or more suspended polymer films includes first curing a sealant at a first elevated temperature for a specified duration, then shrinking the suspended film at a second, higher, elevated temperature for a specified duration, and then cooling the IGUs back to ambient temperature. The various heating and cooling stages may be performed in a tunnel oven having different length sections at the desired temperatures, while the IGUs are conveyed from one section to the next. 1. A method of treating an insulating glass unit having one or more suspended films therein , comprising:providing an insulating glass unit having a suspended film therein and a sealant thereon;raising a temperature of said insulating glass unit to a first elevated temperature above an ambient temperature;maintaining said insulating glass unit at said first elevated temperature for a sufficient time to cure said sealant;raising a temperature of said insulating glass unit to a second elevated temperature above said first elevated temperature;maintaining said insulating glass unit at said second elevated temperature for a sufficient time to thermally shrink said suspended film to a point of being optically flat; andcooling said insulating glass unit to said ambient temperature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step for maintaining said insulating glass unit at said first elevated temperature claim 1 , said step for maintaining said glass unit at said second elevated temperature and said step for cooling said insulating glass unit take place within an in-line tunnel oven having at least three distinct temperature zones.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said sealant comprises at least one sealant selected from the group consisting of: polyurethane sealant claim 1 , silicone sealant claim 1 , and polysulfide sealant.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first elevated temperature is in a range from about 40° C. to about 60° C.5 ...

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Номер записи: 5
04-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A NICKEL-TITANIUM ALLOY USING A HIGH VACUUM CRUCIBLELESS LEVITATION MELTING PROCESS

Номер: US20180003441A1
Автор: CHENG Chien-Tzu, Huang Chao-Hsien, Hung Yu-Ting, Hwang Weng-Sing, QI Guan-Ping
Принадлежит:

A method for manufacturing a nickel-titanium alloy includes steps of: placing a titanium material on a first bracket, and placing a nickel material on a second bracket; vacuumizing the vacuum confined space of the melting chamber to below a pressure of 10Torr, and lifting up the titanium material placed on the first bracket to a working area of an induction coil; introducing inert gases; starting the induction coil, to make the titanium material in a levitation state and electromagnetically stirred and heated; dropping the first bracket; measuring whether the temperature of the working area of the induction coil reaches a predetermined temperature range; when the first active metal is in the half molten state, dropping the nickel material placed on the second bracket to be added to the titanium material, and obtaining a homogenizing nickel-titanium alloy by means of electromagnetic stirring and heating; and recycling the homogenizing nickel-titanium alloy. 1. A method for manufacturing a nickel-titanium alloy using a high vacuum crucibleless levitation melting process , the method comprising:step A: placing a titanium material on a first bracket, and placing a nickel material on a second bracket, so as to make the titanium nickel and materials located in a vacuum confined space of a melting chamber;{'sup': '−5', 'step B: vacuumizing the vacuum confined space of the melting chamber to below a pressure of 10Torr, and lifting up the titanium material placed on the first bracket to a working area of an induction coil;'}step C: introducing inert gases, to prevent the titanium material from producing an oxidization reaction in a subsequent high-temperature process;step D: starting the induction coil, to make the titanium material in a levitation state and electromagnetically stirred and heated;step E: dropping the first bracket, to make the titanium material stably levitate and electromagnetically stirred and heated;step F: measuring whether the temperature of the working ...

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Номер записи: 6
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Method of Operating a Furnace

Номер: US20190003772A1
Автор: Esmaili Ali, Isom Joshua David, Labuda Matthew James, Li Hu
Принадлежит: AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.

A method of operating a furnace having process tubes and multiple burners where it is desired to conform the temperatures of the process tubes to selected target temperature criterion. The present method provides a systematic and quantitative approach to determine how to adjust burner flow rates to result in desired tube wall temperatures, for example, using objective functions to decrease the probability that temperatures pertaining to the plurality of process tubes exceed their selected limit temperatures. An objective function can also be used to reduce the excess oxidant requirement for the furnace. 1. A method of operating a furnace having a plurality of burners , each of the plurality of burners having flow rates associated therewith , the furnace containing a plurality of process tubes , the method comprising:(a) selecting target temperature criterion pertaining to the plurality of process tubes, wherein the target temperature criterion comprises a first objective function where the first objective function comprises calculated probabilities that temperatures pertaining to the plurality of process tubes exceed respective limit temperatures; capturing a first plurality of images of an interior area of the reformer furnace, at least some images of the first plurality of images being associated with different portions of the interior area of the reformer furnace, wherein each image of the first plurality of images comprises first pixel data associated with a portion of the plurality of process tubes; and', 'processing a portion of the first pixel data to obtain the first temperature information for the plurality of process tubes;, '(b) measuring first temperature information comprising data for each of the plurality of process tubes at a first operating condition wherein the first temperature information for the plurality of process tubes is measured by(c) providing an estimate of a mathematical function characterizing a relationship between burner flow rate ...

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Номер записи: 7
27-01-2022 дата публикации

Furnace Controller and Method of Operating a Furnace

Номер: US20220026147A1
Автор: Guha Avishek, Hendershot Reed Jacob, Lawrence Martin
Принадлежит: AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.

A control scheme for a furnace can use real-time and historical data to model performance and determine relationships between different data and performance parameters for use in correcting suboptimal performance of the furnace in real-time. Operational parameters can be logged throughout the cycle for all cycles for a period of time in order to establish a baseline. This data can then be used to calculate the performance of the process. A regression analysis can be carried out in order to determine which parameters affect different aspects of performance. These relationships can then be used to predict performance during a single cycle in real-time and provide closed or open loop feedback to control furnace operation to result in enhanced performance. 1. A method for controlling operation of a furnace to melt a material that comprises metal , the metal comprising:storing data related to the charge material, furnace condition and operation data for the furnace for a plurality of different cycles of operation of the furnace in a non-transitory computer readable medium of a computer device;creating or determining one or more cycle performance parameters based on the stored data;creating a historian data store based on the stored data parameters and the cycle performance parameters;determining x-variables for the one or more cycles of operation of the furnace and feeding the x-variables into a regression model to determine a relationship between at least one of the x-variables with at least one y-variable to define at least one reference cycle, each y-variable corresponding to a respective one of the cycle performance parameters;receiving real-time data from sensors of the furnace;comparing the real-time data from the sensors of the furnace to the at least one reference cycle to determine whether an adjustment to one or more furnace operational parameters is needed;upon determining that a difference from the at least one reference cycle exists that meets or exceeds a ...

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Номер записи: 8
27-01-2022 дата публикации

KILN FIRING WITH DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS

Номер: US20220026148A1
Автор: Dillon Gregory Paul, Geismar Bernd, Gerigk Michael, III Thomas Madison, Tebo
Принадлежит:

A method for heating ware in a kiln. The ware space of the kiln includes a plurality of temperature control zones oriented in a first direction, and a plurality of temperature control zones oriented in a second direction. The method includes heating the ware space in a first heating stage, a second heating stage, and a third heating stage. At least one of the following conditions is satisfied: (i) in one of the heating stages, a temperature control zone oriented in the first direction has a setpoint temperature that is different from a setpoint temperature of one other temperature control zone oriented in the first direction; and (ii) in one of the heating stages, one temperature control zone oriented in the second direction has a setpoint temperature that is different from a setpoint temperature of one other temperature control zone oriented in the second direction. 1. A method for firing ware in a down-draft periodic kiln , the method comprising: a crown;', 'a hearth opposite the crown;', 'a first sidewall spanning between the crown and the hearth;', 'a second sidewall opposite the first sidewall and spanning between the crown and the hearth;', 'a front wall bounded by the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the hearth, and the crown;', 'a back wall opposite the front wall and bounded by the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the hearth, and the crown;', 'a plurality of temperature control zones that are oriented in a vertical direction; and', 'a plurality of temperature control zones that are oriented in a horizontal direction;, 'positioning at least one stack of ware in a ware space of the down-draft periodic kiln, wherein the ware space is defined byheating the ware space in a first heating stage from an ambient temperature to a first temperature that is greater than the ambient temperature,heating the ware space in a second heating stage from the first temperature to a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature; or (i) during at least one ...

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Номер записи: 9
14-01-2016 дата публикации

Thawing Oven

Номер: US20160010871A1
Автор: Baker Rodney Warren
Принадлежит: PRODUCTS SUPPORT, INC.

An apparatus and method for thawing a product. The apparatus includes a heating chamber, and an electrical control unit. The heating chamber includes a product chamber that holds a product, at least one heating element, each heating element emitting infrared energy in a direction of the product, and at least one temperature sensor, each temperature sensor measuring a surface temperature of the product. The electrical control unit includes a processor that controls and monitors said at least one heating element, and said at least one temperature sensor to raise a temperature of the product from an initial temperature to a set-point temperature, a connection to each heating element, and a connection to each temperature sensor. 114-. (canceled)15. An article of manufacture , comprising a machine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon for enabling a processor to perform the operations of:determining whether a configuration of an apparatus for thawing a product is safe for operation; controlling heat produced by at least one heating element in a heating chamber, each heating element emitting infrared energy in a direction of a product chamber that holds the product; and', 'monitoring the temperature of the product by examining a surface temperature of the product measured by at least one temperature sensor in the heating chamber., 'thawing the product by raising a temperature of the product from an initial temperature to a set-point temperature by16. The article of manufacture of claim 15 , wherein the product is at least one of a medical product claim 15 , a biomedical product claim 15 , and a pharmaceutical product.17. The article of manufacture of claim 16 , wherein the product is at least one of plasma claim 16 , Fresh Frozen Plasma claim 16 , and blood.18. The article of manufacture of claim 15 , wherein to determine whether the configuration of the apparatus for thawing the product is safe for operation further comprises:detecting that the product ...

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Номер записи: 10
11-01-2018 дата публикации

Inline Resistive Heating System and Method for Thermal Treatment of Continuous Conductive Products

Номер: US20180010855A1
Автор: Tecco Dorival Goncalves
Принадлежит:

An inline thermal treatment system for thermally treating a continuous conductive product includes a first electrode configured to contact a continuous conductive product and a second electrode configured to contact the continuous conductive product such that a portion of the continuous conductive product is disposed between the first and second electrodes. The inline thermal treatment system includes a power source coupled to the first electrode and to the second electrode, wherein the power source is configured to apply an electrical bias between the first electrode and the second electrode to resistively heat the portion of the continuous conductive product disposed between the first and second electrodes. 1. An inline thermal treatment system for thermally treating a continuous conductive product , comprising:a first electrode configured to contact a continuous conductive product;a second electrode configured to contact the continuous conductive product such that a portion of the continuous conductive product is disposed between the first and second electrodes; anda power source coupled to the first electrode and to the second electrode, wherein the power source is configured to apply an electrical bias between the first electrode and the second electrode to resistively heat the portion of the continuous conductive product disposed between the first and second electrodes.2. The thermal treatment system of claim 1 , comprising a controller having a memory and a processor claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to control operation of the thermal treatment system based on instructions stored in the memory to achieve uniform resistive heating of the portion of the continuous conductive product.3. The thermal treatment system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control operation of the thermal treatment system based on control signals received from a different controller that is communicatively coupled to the controller.4. The thermal ...

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Номер записи: 11
14-01-2021 дата публикации

Device And Method For Measuring Softening And Melting Performances Of Iron Ore In Blast Furnace Under Reducing Condition

Номер: US20210010753A1
Автор: Bai Chenguang, Dang Jie, DENG Qingyu, Hu Liwen, Wen Liangying, Xu Jian, Yin Cheng, You Zhixiong, Yu Wenzhou, Zhang Shengfu, Zhu Rongjin
Принадлежит: Chongqing University

The present invention discloses a device and method for measuring the softening and melting performances of iron ore in blast furnace under a reducing condition. The device includes a high temperature furnace, a gas supply system, a loading system and a weighing system, where the high temperature furnace is provided with a hearth, which is provided therein with a graphite crucible and a temperature acquisition device; the gas supply system is used to inject a reducing gas including N, H, COand CO into the hearth; the gas supply system includes a gas storage device and a gas mixing device; the loading system includes a loading rod; an upper end of the loading rod is connected with a loading device and a displacement sensor, and a lower end of the loading rod is provided with a loading head; the weighing system is used to weigh a droplet and iron ore specimen. 1. A device for measuring the softening and melting performances of iron ore in blast furnace under a reducing condition , comprising a high temperature furnace , a gas supply system , a loading system and a weighing system , whereinthe high temperature furnace is provided therein with a hearth; the hearth is provided therein with a cylindrical graphite crucible (with an open upper end) and a temperature acquisition device for acquiring temperature data of the high temperature furnace;{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'the gas supply system is used to inject a reducing gas comprising N, H, COand CO into the hearth; the gas supply system comprises a gas storage device and a gas mixing device communicating with the gas storage device through a pipe; the gas storage device is used to store the components of the reducing gas separately and control flow rates of the components of the reducing gas according to the temperature of the high temperature furnace acquired by the temperature acquisition device; the gas mixing device is used to fully mix the components of the reducing gas and communicate with the hearth of the high ...

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Номер записи: 12
09-01-2020 дата публикации

MULTI-CHAMBER MELTING FURNACE AND METHOD FOR MELTING NON-FERROUS SCRAP METAL

Номер: US20200011602A1
Автор: HUBBAUER Herbert, JUMELET Tom, LUTTINGER Patrick
Принадлежит:

A multi-chamber melting furnace for melting scrap of non-ferrous metals, in particular aluminum scrap, including a first shaft furnace with a shaft for charge material, in which impurities of the charge material can be removed, and at least one furnace chamber which is connected to the shaft of the first shaft furnace and has a first heat supply device, wherein at least one second shaft furnace with a shaft for charge material, in which shaft impurities of the charge material can be removed, the furnace chamber being connected to the shaft of the second shaft furnace and being arranged between the shafts in such a manner that the furnace chamber forms a main melting chamber in which the molten bath is located during operation. 1. A multi-chamber melting furnace for melting scrap of non-ferrous metals , in particular aluminum scrap , comprising a first shaft furnace with a shaft for charge material , in which impurities of the charge material can be removed , and at least one furnace chamber which is connected to the shaft of the first shaft furnace and has a first heat supply device , wherein at least one second shaft furnace with a shaft for charge material , in which impurities of the charge material can be removed , the furnace chamber being connected to the shaft of the second shaft furnace and being arranged between the shafts in such a manner that the furnace chamber forms a main melting chamber in which the molten bath is located during operation.2. The multi-chamber melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace chamber and the lower end of the shafts are directly connected to each other.3. The multi-chamber melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace chamber and the shafts are arranged laterally next to each other.4. The multi-chamber melting furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace chamber and the shafts each have longitudinal sides adjoining each other claim 1 , the furnace chamber and the shafts being connected to ...

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Номер записи: 13
10-01-2019 дата публикации

Heat-cooking device, heat-cooking device control method, and heat-cooking system

Номер: US20190014625A1
Автор: Gantetsu Matsui, Hirohisa Imai
Принадлежит: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd

A heat-cooking device includes shape information reading and analyzing unit (204), information storage unit (205), and controller (203). In a case where shape information read by shape information reading and analyzing unit (204) has been registered in information storage unit (205), the heat-cooking device performs heating control based on heating control information registered in information storage unit (205) with being associated with the shape information. In a case where the shape information read by shape information reading and analyzing unit (204) has not been registered in information storage unit (205), a shape of a label attached to an object to be heated or a character printed on the label is read from an image taken by imaging unit (202), and the heat-cooking device performs heating control based information thus read.

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Номер записи: 14
15-01-2015 дата публикации

INORGANIC FIBER, METHOD OF PRODUCING INORGANIC FIBER AGGREGATE, HOLDING SEALING MATERIAL, AND EXHAUST GAS PURIFYING APPARATUS

Номер: US20150017072A1
Автор: KITAMURA Yoji, NISHI Akihito
Принадлежит: IBIDEN CO., LTD.

Inorganic fibers include a surface and a structure. The surface has a friction coefficient of about 0.5 or greater. The friction coefficient is measured using a scanning probe microscope. The structure is to constitute a holding sealing material to be provided in an exhaust gas purifying apparatus. 1. Inorganic fibers comprising:a surface having a friction coefficient of about 0.5 or greater, the friction coefficient being measured using a scanning probe microscope; anda structure to constitute a holding sealing material to be provided in an exhaust gas purifying apparatus.2. The inorganic fibers according to claim 1 ,wherein the inorganic fibers have a surface having an arithmetic average roughness Ra of about 3 nm or greater.3. The inorganic fibers according to claim 1 ,wherein the inorganic fibers comprise alumina fibers.4. The inorganic fibers according to claim 1 ,wherein the inorganic fibers have a surface having a friction coefficient of about 0.5 to about 1.4.5. The inorganic fibers according to claim 3 ,wherein the alumina fibers have a mullite crystallinity of about 5% by weight or lower based on the weight of fibers.6. A method of producing an inorganic fiber aggregate claim 3 , the method comprising:providing, in a heating furnace, an inorganic fiber precursor sheet including a sheet-shaped aggregate of inorganic fiber precursors; and measuring a sheet temperature-increasing rate at an internal center of the inorganic fiber precursor sheet;', 'increasing a temperature of the inorganic fiber precursor sheet at the sheet temperature-increasing rate of about 30° C./min or higher to degrease the inorganic fiber precursor sheet; and', a surface having a friction coefficient of about 0.5 or greater, the friction coefficient being measured using a scanning probe microscope; and', 'a structure to constitute a holding sealing material to be provided in an exhaust gas purifying apparatus., 'firing the inorganic fiber precursor sheet after being degreased to ...

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Номер записи: 15
15-01-2015 дата публикации

Method for Temperature Measurements of Surfaces With a Low, Unknown and/or Variable Emissivity

Номер: US20150017592A1
Автор: Jarboe Jason N., Pompei Francesco
Принадлежит: Exergen Corporation

Devices and corresponding methods can be provided to monitor or measure temperature of a target or to control a process. Targets can have low, unknown, or variable emissivity. Devices and corresponding methods can be used to measure temperatures of thin film, partially transparent, or opaque targets, as well as targets not filling a sensor's field of view. Temperature measurements can be made independent of emissivity of a target surface by, for example, inserting a target between a thermopile sensor and a background surface maintained at substantially the same temperature as the thermopile sensor. In embodiment devices and methods, a sensor temperature can be controlled to match a target temperature by minimizing or zeroing a net heat flux at the sensor, as derived from a sensor output signal. Alternatively, a target temperature can be controlled to minimize the heat flux. 1. A device for monitoring a temperature of a target , the device comprising:a radiation sensor configured to detect radiation from a closed background surface filling a field of view of the radiation sensor and from a target intended to be introduced between the background surface and the radiation sensor; anda thermal controller configured to minimize a difference between a temperature of the target and a shared temperature of the radiation sensor and the background surface.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the target is less than about 200° C.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is a thin film target.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is partially transparent.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is an opaque target.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target has an emissivity that is low claim 1 , unknown claim 1 , or variable.7. The device of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the background surface within the field of view has high reflectivity in an infrared spectrum.8. The device of claim 7 , wherein a low reflectivity portion of the ...

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Номер записи: 16
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE

Номер: US20220034586A1
Автор: GÖCOGLU Mesut, NÖRTHEMANN Ralf, OTERDOOM Harmen Johannes, PASCH Thomas
Принадлежит:

A method for operating an electric arc furnace having at least one electrode, the method including the following steps: introducing material that is to be melted in the form of an actual mass flow into the electric arc furnace and feeding electrical energy via at least one electrode into the electric arc furnace in order to melt the introduced material depending on a previously determined, necessary electrical energy input. The necessary electrical energy input into the arc furnace is determined depending on the mass flow input into the furnace. 18-. (canceled)9. A method for operating an electric arc furnace having at least one electrode , the method comprising the steps of:introducing material as an actual mass flow into the electric arc furnace, wherein the electric arc furnace is an electric reduction furnace for melting and reducing the material introduced;feeding electrical energy via the at least one electrode into the electric reduction furnace to melt the introduced material according to a required electrical energy input determined previously; and{'sub': mactual', 'setpoint, 'determining the required electrical energy input into the electric reduction furnace depending on the mass flow qinput into the furnace, wherein the required energy input is determined as a power setpoint value Pand is introduced into the electric reduction furnace by either a power open-loop control or a power closed-loop control, wherein the step of determining the required energy input comprises the following sub steps{'sub': 1', 'mactual, 'predefining or determining a specific energy demand as an energy demand parameter k, wherein the determining is effected depending on a predefined expected energy value for operation of the electric reduction furnace, the mass flow qinput into the electric reduction furnace, and/or depending on properties of the input material;'}{'sub': '0', 'predefining or determining thermal energy stored in a vessel of the electric reduction furnace in ...

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Номер записи: 17
03-02-2022 дата публикации

MELT FURNACE HEADER GATE SYSTEM

Номер: US20220034588A1
Автор: Peterman John M., Roberts Mark A.
Принадлежит: GPRE IP, LLC

A metal furnace header gate system haying a recirculation port in the furnace, a hot gas generator, a gas blower, and a furnace door. The door has an embedded gas manifold and outlet ports that each connect the manifold to a directional nozzle. The blower draws exhaust from the recirculation port into the hot gas generator, which generates additional exhaust and mixes the exhaust gases together. The blower forces this exhaust mixture into the manifold, through the nozzles, and into the furnace. A computer controls the blower and the hot gas generator to regulate the system. 1. A header gate system for a metal recycling furnace , said furnace having a delacguering chamber with a doorway opening into said delacguering chamber , said furnace having an exhaust hood positioned proximate said delacguering chamber , said exhaust hood collecting exhaust gases from said delacguering chamber , said header gate system comprising:a. a door adapted to close at least in part said furnace doorway, said door having an inner face directed into said furnace when said door is positioned in said doorway, said door having a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port, said outlet port being positioned on said door inner face;b. a door frame positioned in said furnace doorway, said door frame adapted to receive and mate at least in part with said door;c. a recirculation port, said recirculation port opening into said delacguering chamber and providing a path for exhaust gases to exit said delacguering chamber; andd. a gas propelling device in gaseous communication with said recirculation port and said door inlet port, said propelling device drawing exhaust gases from said recirculation port, and urging said exhaust gases into said door inlet port and out said door outlet port.2. The header gate system of claim 1 , further comprising a gas manifold claim 1 , said gas manifold extending from and providing a gas conduit between said door inlet port and said door outlet port claim 1 , said gas ...

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Номер записи: 18
18-01-2018 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE LOSS ON IGNITION OF AT LEAST PART OF AN IRON AND STEEL PRODUCT

Номер: US20180017374A1
Автор: CHAN Yuen Yee, MAGALHAES Jean-Luc
Принадлежит:

Disclosed is a method and device for determining the loss on ignition of at least part of an iron and steel product during passage through a furnace upstream of a descaler. The device includes electromagnetic sensors, with at least one arranged to scan the product's lower surface near the furnace outlet, the sensor oriented so the scanning plane of the electromagnetic radiation from the sensor is perpendicular to a direction of movement; a set of at least two electromagnetic sensors upstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the at least part of the product; and at least two electromagnetic sensors downstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the product's movement direction. The sensors determine the height of the product upstream and downstream of the descaler. 1548362030314041. A device for determining the scale loss of at least one part of a steel product () , referred to as product , during the passage thereof through a reheating furnace () located upstream of a descaler ) , the product preferably moving on roller tables ( , ) , said device comprising a set of electromagnetic sensors ( , , , , ) , which set comprises:{'b': 20', '50', '5', '4', '20, 'at least one electromagnetic sensor () of said set being arranged in order to scan, along a scanning plane, at least in part, the lower face () of the product () in the vicinity of the outlet of the furnace (), said electromagnetic sensor being oriented so that said scanning plane (P) of the electromagnetic radiation of said sensor is perpendicular to a run direction of the product,'}{'b': 30', '31', '8', '30', '31', '32', '3', '40', '41', '8', '40', '41', '42', '6', '30', '31', '40', '41, 'a set of at least two electromagnetic sensors (, ) placed upstream of the descaler () and oriented so that the scanning planes (P, P) of the electromagnetic ...

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Номер записи: 19
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Kiln firing with differential temperature gradients

Номер: US20190017744A1
Автор: Bernd Geismar, Gregory Paul Dillon, Michael Gerigk, Thomas Madison Tebo
Принадлежит: Corning Inc

A method for heating ware in a kiln. The ware space of the kiln includes a plurality of temperature control zones oriented in a first direction, and a plurality of temperature control zones oriented in a second direction. The method includes heating the ware space in a first heating stage, a second heating stage, and a third heating stage. At least one of the following conditions is satisfied: (i) in one of the heating stages, a temperature control zone oriented in the first direction has a setpoint temperature that is different from a setpoint temperature of one other temperature control zone oriented in the first direction; and (ii) in one of the heating stages, one temperature control zone oriented in the second direction has a setpoint temperature that is different from a set point temperature of one other temperature control zone oriented in the second direction, wherein the first direction is a vertical direction and the second direction is a horizontal direction.

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Номер записи: 20
22-01-2015 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING HEATING OF BASE WITHIN CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION CHAMBER

Номер: US20150024330A1
Автор: Guo Quanyong, Lee Steven Tianxiao, Liu Yingbin, Tian Baoxia
Принадлежит: Advanced Mirco-Fabrication Equipment Inc, Shanghai

Provided are an apparatus and a method for controlling the heating of the base within a chemical vapour deposition chamber, which apparatus is applicable to an MOCVD reaction chamber. The apparatus comprises a heater located within a chamber; a tray located near the heater within the chamber and spaced apart from the heater and used for carrying the base; a first temperature control unit coupled with a surface of the tray for carrying the base and used for measuring the temperature of the tray surface and outputting a first control signal as a function of a set temperature and the temperature of the tray surface; and a second temperature control unit connected to the first temperature control unit and used for measuring the temperature of the middle of the area between the tray and the heater, and also for outputting a second control signal as a function of the first control signal and the temperature of the middle, with the heater being coupled with the second temperature control unit to heat according to the second control signal. Further provided is a method for controlling the heating of the base within a chemical vapour deposition chamber. A steady base temperature can be obtained via the apparatus. 1. An apparatus for controlling heating of a substrate in a chemical vapor deposition chamber , comprising:a heater located in the chamber;a tray located near the heater and spaced apart from the heater in the chamber, and configured to support the substrate;a first temperature control unit, coupled with a surface of the tray which supports the substrate, and configured to measure a temperature of the surface of the tray and output a first control signal based on a set temperature and the temperature of the surface of the tray; anda second temperature control unit, connected to the first temperature control unit, and configured to measure an intermediate temperature of an area between the tray and the heater and output a second control signal based on the first ...

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Номер записи: 21
26-01-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MEASURING TEMPERATURE OF OBJECT IN ATMOSPHERE HAVING DUST

Номер: US20170023411A1
Автор: Shima Hirokazu, TAKATA Yoshiaki
Принадлежит:

A first radiance meter that is provided so as to face an object in an atmosphere in which there is dust and measures the radiance of the object and a second radiance meter that is provided so as not to oppose the object and measures the radiance of the dust between the object and the first radiance meter are used to measure the temperature of the object on the basis of the object radiance that has been measured by the first radiance meter and the radiance of the dust between the object and the first radiance meter that has been measured by the second radiance meter. 1. A method for measuring a temperature of an object , the method using a first radiance meter which is provided to face the object in an atmosphere where dust is present and measures a radiance of the object and a second radiance meter which is provided without facing the object and measures a radiance of the dust present between the object and the first radiance meter so that a temperature of the object is measured from the radiance of the object measured by the first radiance meter and the radiance of the dust present between the object and the first radiance meter measured by the second radiance meter.2. The method for measuring a temperature of an object according to claim 1 ,wherein the radiance of the dust is measured at two wavelengths.3. The method for measuring a temperature of an object according to claim 1 ,wherein, at the time of measuring the radiance of the dust, the measurement is performed in a state where a temperature of a wall surface facing the second radiance meter is lowered by cooling means.4. The method for measuring a temperature of an object according to claim 1 ,wherein, at the time of measuring the radiance of the dust, an emissivity of the wall surface facing the second radiance meter is set to 0.9 or more.5. The method for measuring a temperature of an object according to claim 4 ,wherein, at the time of measuring a radiance of the dust, a blackbody cavity is provided in ...

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Номер записи: 22
10-02-2022 дата публикации

MELTING AND HOLDING FURNACE

Номер: US20220042742A1
Автор: Mochizuki Kiyata
Принадлежит:

A melting and holding furnace includes a main body and a material input mechanism supplying a molten metal to the body which includes a melting chamber; a molten metal receiving chamber; a pumping-out chamber; and a molten metal heating mechanism. The input mechanism includes a molten-metal surface level sensor to detect that the surface height position of the metal in the pumping-out chamber has reached a lower limit that is set to be above the lower surface height position of a lid of the melting chamber, and is set to supply the receiving chamber with the metal and/or the metal block when the sensor detects that the surface height position of the metal in the pumping-out chamber has reached the lower limit so that the surface height position of the metal in the pumping-out chamber is always kept above the lower surface height position of the lid. 13-. (canceled)4. A melting and holding furnace , comprising:a melting furnace main body; anda material input mechanism supplying at least one of molten metal and a metal block to the melting furnace main body, a melting chamber for holding the molten metal;', 'a molten metal receiving chamber communicating with the melting chamber and bring supplied with at least one of the molten metal and the metal block from the material input mechanism;', 'a pumping-out chamber communicating with the melting chamber and being configured for tapping the molten metal that is introduced from the melting chamber into an external casting machine; and', 'a molten metal heating mechanism heating the molten metal in the melting chamber,, 'wherein the melting furnace main body includeswherein the melting chamber includes a melting chamber lid that is installed so as to seal an upper opening without forming a space between the surface of the molten metal and itself, andwherein the material input mechanism includes a molten-metal surface level sensor configured to at least detect that the surface height position of the molten metal in the ...

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Номер записи: 23
23-01-2020 дата публикации

HEAT TREATMENT APPARATUS AND HEAT TREATMENT METHOD

Номер: US20200026314A1
Автор: YAMAGUCHI Tatsuya
Принадлежит:

A heat treatment apparatus includes: a vertically-extended processing container configured to accommodate a substrate; a gas supply including a gas supply pipe that extends along an inner wall surface of the processing container in a vertical direction; a heater having a heat insulating material provided around the processing container, and a heating element provided along the inner wall surface of the heat insulating material; and a cooler having a fluid flow path formed outside the heat insulating material, and a blowing-out hole penetrating the heat insulating material and configured to blow out a cooling fluid toward the gas supply pipe, the blowing-out hole having one end that communicates with the fluid flow path and a remaining end that communicates with a space between the processing container and the heat insulating material. A plurality of blowing-out holes is provided in the gas supply pipe in a longitudinal direction. 1. A heat treatment apparatus comprising:a vertically-extended processing container configured to accommodate a substrate;a gas supply including a gas supply pipe that extends along an inner wall surface of the processing container in a vertical direction;a heater having a heat insulating material provided around the processing container, and a heating element provided along the inner wall surface of the heat insulating material; anda cooler having a fluid flow path formed outside the heat insulating material, and a blowing-out hole penetrating the heat insulating material and configured to blow out a cooling fluid toward the gas supply pipe, the blowing-out hole having one end that communicates with the fluid flow path and a remaining end that communicates with a space between the processing container and the heat insulating material,wherein a plurality of blowing-out holes is provided in the gas supply pipe in a longitudinal direction.2. The heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of fluid flow paths is ...

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Номер записи: 24
04-02-2021 дата публикации

FURNACE CONTROL SYSTEM, FURNACE CONTROL METHOD, AND FURNACE PROVIDED WITH SAME CONTROL SYSTEM

Номер: US20210033341A1
Автор: FUJISHIMA Shoichi
Принадлежит:

To provide a furnace control system which can predict production of flammable gases produced inside a furnace during melting, incineration, and fusion batch processes and effectively carry out furnace combustion control on the basis of said prediction results in order to reduce the conventional problem of time lag. A furnace control system has a flammable gas quantity of state calculation unit which calculates a flammable gas quantity of state corresponding to prediction factor data using a quantity of state estimation model for flammable gas originating in volatile organic compounds produced using intelligent information processing technology using as learning data past data relating to furnaces, data relating to materials, and data relating to exhaust gases, and a combustion control unit which controls furnace combustion on the basis of the flammable gas quantity of state calculated by the flammable gas quantity of state calculation unit 1. A furnace control system , having a flammable gas quantity of state calculation unit which calculates a flammable gas quantity of state corresponding to prediction factor data using a quantity of state estimation model for flammable gas originating in volatile organic compounds produced using intelligent information processing technology using as learning data past data relating to furnaces , data relating to materials , and data relating to exhaust gases , anda combustion control unit which controls furnace combustion on the basis of the flammable gas quantity of state calculated by the flammable gas quantity of state calculation unit.2. The furnace control system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the furnace control unit(1) educes or increases fuel supplied to a burner depending on a reference burner combustion state which is pre-set;(2) increases or decreases an oxidizing agent supplied to the burner depending on a reference burner combustion state which is pre-set;(3) decreases fuel supplied to the burner on the basis of the ...

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Номер записи: 25
05-02-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE FUEL SUPPLY TO BURNERS OF A BURNER GROUP AND BURNER CONTROLLER

Номер: US20150037744A1
Автор: Selt Wolfgang, Semiller Karl, Stroeder Michael
Принадлежит:

A method for controlling a fuel supply to a plurality of burners of a burner group includes determining a temperature in the burner group as a control variable. The fuel supply to the burners of the burner group is specified in dependence on a control deviation of the temperature determined in the burner group to a specified setpoint temperature. The fuel supply is a common mean fuel supply that is specified for all of the burners of the burner group by a temperature master controller. The fuel supply is corrected for each of the burners or burner subgroups of the burner group. Each of the burners or the burner subgroups have a fuel supply slave controller. The fuel supply slave controllers use at least, one disturbance variable associated to the respective burner or the respective burner subgroup so as to perform the correcting. 1. A method for controlling a fuel supply to a plurality of burners of a burner group , the method comprising:determining temperature in the burner group as a control variable;specifying, as a correcting variable, the fuel supply to the burners of the burner group in dependence on a control deviation of the temperature determined in the burner group to a specified setpoint temperature, the fuel supply being a common mean fuel supply that is specified for all of the burners of the burner group by a temperature master controller of a controller that is formed as temperature-to-flow cascade controller; andcorrecting the fuel supply for each of the burners or burner subgroups of the burner group, each of the burners or the burner; subgroups having a fuel supply slave controller, the fuel supply slave controllers using at least one disturbance variable associated to the respective burner or the respective burner subgroup so as to perform the correcting of the fuel supply for each of the burners or the burner subgroups of the burner group.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mean fuel supply specified by the temperature master ...

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Номер записи: 26
09-02-2017 дата публикации

IMMERSION HEATER FOR MOLTEN METAL

Номер: US20170038146A1
Автор: Cooper Paul V.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a device for heating molten metal by the use of a heater that can be immersed into the molten metal. This immersion heater includes an outer cover formed of one or more materials resistant to the molten metal in which the immersion heater is to be used, and a heating element inside of the outer cover, where the heating element is protected from contacting the molten metal. 1. A device comprising:a vessel for containing molten metal, the vessel having a length, a width, a top surface, a first chamber and a second chamber;a plurality of immersion heaters positioned in line across the width of the vessel, each of the plurality of immersion heaters comprising an outer cover of material resistant to molten metal and a heating element inside of the outer cover, the heating element connectable to an energy source, the outer cover comprised of a material formulated to be resistant to the molten metal, wherein the outer cover protects the heating element from contacting the molten metal when the immersion heater is positioned in the molten metal; andwherein the plurality of immersion heaters divides the vessel into the first chamber and the second chamber.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the energy source of each heating element is a source of electricity.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein each heating element is one or more wire coils.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein each immersion heater is rectangular.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein each outer cover is comprised of one or more of graphite and ceramic.61. The device of claim 1 , wherein each outer cover is molded over each heating element.7. The device of claim 1 , wherein each outer cover has a cavity and the heating element corresponding to each outer cover is positioned in the cavity.8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the vessel has a top surface and further comprises one or more insulated covers to cover a portion of the top surface of the vessel.9. The device of claim 8 , wherein at ...

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Номер записи: 27
11-02-2016 дата публикации

Substrate Heating Device, Substrate Heating Method and Computer-Readable Storage Medium

Номер: US20160042984A1
Автор: Mizuta Masato, TAKAYANAGI Koji
Принадлежит:

A substrate heating device includes: heating modules each having a processing vessel within which a heating plate is disposed, an gas inlet port for introducing a purge gas into a processing atmosphere, and an exhaust port for exhausting the processing atmosphere; individual exhaust paths each connected to the exhaust port of the heating modules; a common exhaust path connected to downstream ends of the individual exhaust paths of the heating modules; a branch path branched from the individual exhaust paths and opened to the outside of the processing vessel; and an exhaust flow rate adjusting unit configured to adjust a flow rate ratio of an exhaust flow rate of a gas exhausted from the exhaust port into the common exhaust path and an introduction flow rate of a gas introduced from the outside of the processing vessel into the common exhaust path through the branch path. 1. A substrate heating device , comprising:a plurality of heating modules, each of which includes a processing vessel within which a heating plate for mounting and heating a substrate is disposed, an gas inlet port for introducing a purge gas into a processing atmosphere existing within the processing vessel, and an exhaust port for exhausting the processing atmosphere;individual exhaust paths, each of which is connected to the exhaust port of each of the plurality of heating modules;a common exhaust path connected to downstream ends of the individual exhaust paths of the plurality of heating modules;a branch path branched from each of the individual exhaust paths and opened to the outside of the processing vessel; andan exhaust flow rate adjusting part configured to adjust a flow rate ratio of an exhaust flow rate of a gas exhausted from the exhaust port into the common exhaust path and an introduction flow rate of a gas introduced from the outside of the processing vessel into the common exhaust path through the branch path.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the exhaust port is formed in a ceiling ...

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Номер записи: 28
12-02-2015 дата публикации

HEATER MOVING TYPE SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS

Номер: US20150044622A1
Автор: Kim Kyong-Hun, Kim Yong-Ki, Shin Yang-Sik, Song Byoung-Gyu, Yang Il-Kwang
Принадлежит: EUGENE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Provided is a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus includes a chamber providing an inner space in which a process with respect to a substrate is performed, a heating plate on which the substrate is placed, the heating plate being fixedly disposed within the chamber, a heater spaced from a lower portion of the heating plate to heat the heating plate, and a lift module lifting the heater. 1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising:a chamber providing an inner space in which a process with respect to a substrate is performed;a heating plate on which the substrate is placed, the heating plate being fixedly disposed within the chamber;a heater spaced from a lower portion of the heating plate to heat the heating plate; anda lift module lifting the heater.2. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a discharge plate disposed around the heating plate claim 1 ,wherein the discharge plate is disposed under a substrate entrance passage defined in the chamber.3. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of support bars disposed under the discharge plate to support the discharge plate.4. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the discharge plate is fixedly disposed on an inner wall of the chamber to support the heating plate.5. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 2 , further comprising an auxiliary discharge plate spaced from a lower portion of the discharge plate claim 2 , the auxiliary discharge plate being fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the chamber.6. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a support shaft connected to a lower portion of the heater to support the heater;a lower fixing ring fixedly disposed on a lower portion of the support shaft; anda driving part lifting the lower fixing ring.7. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising:an upper fixing ring fixedly disposed on a lower wall of the ...

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Номер записи: 29
06-02-2020 дата публикации

Feeder Device Utilized In Electric Arc Furnace, And Flue Gas And Temperature Control Method

Номер: US20200041206A1
Автор: Cunzhen TAN, Qiming Huang, Weizhi SHI, Yuchuan Zhang, Zhan Gao
Принадлежит: CISDI Engineering Co Ltd

A sealed feeder device utilized in an electric arc furnace (1), and a flue gas and temperature control method. The sealed feeder device comprises a sealed feeding chute (5) having an outlet sealedly communicating with a side wall of the electric arc furnace (1), and a material blocking sealed arc-shaped door (3) disposed in the sealed feeding chute (5). The material blocking sealed arc-shaped door (3) separates the sealed feeding chute (5) into a cold steel scrap storage chamber (18) and a material feeding and dedusting chamber (2), and is operated by a driving mechanism (34) to separate or connect the cold steel scrap storage chamber (18) and the material feeding and dedusting chamber (2). The method comprises: adopting the feeder device to divide the flue gas of the electric arc furnace (1) into two paths, and controlling, by a flue gas adjustment device (16), a ratio of a flue gas flow from a flow-splitting dust removal pipe (11) to that from a dust removal pipe (4) to obtain a required flue gas mixture temperature.

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Номер записи: 30
06-02-2020 дата публикации

OPEN ARC CONDITION MITIGATION BASED ON MEASUREMENT

Номер: US20200041208A1
Автор: CAMPBELL Michael Morgan, HAWTHORNE Steven Robert, SHEN Dong
Принадлежит:

A system measures parameters of the electricity drawn by an arc furnace and, based on an analysis of the parameters, provides indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized. Factors related to optimization of arc coverage include electrode position, charge level, slag level and slag behaviour. More specifically, such indicators of whether arc coverage has been optimized may be used when determining a position for the electrode such that, to an extent possible, a stable arc cavity is maintained and an open arc condition is avoided. Conveniently, by avoiding open arc conditions, the internal linings of the furnace walls and roof may be protected from excessive wear and tear. 1. A system comprising: receive a signal representative of an electrical signal measurement of the electrical power provided to an electric arc furnace; and', 'analyze the signal to determine, by analyzing the electrical signal measurement, a characteristic electrical parameter;, 'an analyzer adapted to receive the characteristic electrical parameter;', 'determine, based upon the electrical characteristic parameter, a change in operation for the electric arc furnace; and', 'transmit, to a second control unit provided for the electric arc furnace, an indication of the change., 'a first control unit adapted to2. The system of wherein the electrical signal measurement comprises a voltage measurement.3. The system of wherein the electrical parameter comprises a voltage characteristic parameter.4. The system of wherein the voltage characteristic parameter comprises voltage harmonics.5. The system of wherein the voltage characteristic parameter comprises voltage fluctuation.6. The system of wherein the electrical signal measurement comprises an electrical current measurement.7. The system of wherein the electrical parameter comprises a parameter characteristic of current harmonics.8. A method comprising:receiving a characteristic electrical parameter related to operation of an electric arc ...

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Номер записи: 31
25-02-2016 дата публикации

CONTROLLER

Номер: US20160054063A1
Автор: Takahashi Atsushi, TANI Tadanao
Принадлежит: AZBIL CORPORATION

The controller according to the present invention includes an identifying information storing portion for storing unique identifying information; a non-contact communicating portion for receiving, through near-distance radio communication, identifying information for a controller and control parameters that indicate control conditions for a controlled device; a control parameter storing portion, an evaluating portion for evaluating whether or not there is a match between identifying information that has been received and identifying information that is stored in the identifying information storing portion; and a writing controlling portion, wherein: when there is a match between the identifying information that has been received and the identifying information that is stored in the identifying information storing portion, the writing controlling portion writes the received control parameters to the control parameter storing portion, and, if there is no match, does not write the received control parameters to the control parameter storing portion. 1: A controller comprising:an identifying information storage storing unique identifying information;a non-contact communicator receiving, through radio communication, a control parameter indicating a control condition for a controlled device and identifying information for a controller that is to control the controlled device based on the control parameter;a control parameter storage storing the control parameter;a control signal generator generating a control signal that controls the controlled device based on the control parameter stored in the control parameter storage;an evaluator evaluating whether or not identifying information received by the non- contact communicator matches identifying information stored in the identifying information storage; anda writing controller writing to the control parameter storage of the control parameter received by the non-contact communicator; wherein:the writing controller writes, to ...

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Номер записи: 32
23-02-2017 дата публикации

COMBUSTION SYSTEM WITH A PERFORATED FLAME HOLDER AND AN EXTERNAL FLUE GAS RECIRCULATION APPARATUS

Номер: US20170051913A1
Автор: COLANNINO JOSEPH, KARKOW DOUGLAS W., WIKLOF CHRISTOPHER A.
Принадлежит:

A combustion system includes a perforated flame holder positioned within a combustion volume, a nozzle configured to emit a fuel stream toward the perforated flame holder, an oxidant source configured to introduce an oxidizer fluid into the combustion volume, and a flue gas recirculation (FGR) channel having a first end in fluid communication with the combustion volume downstream of the perforated flame holder and a second end in fluid communication with the oxidant source. A controller is configured to hold a combustion parameter within a selected range of values by regulating a quantity of flue gas flowing in the FGR channel. 1. A combustion system , comprising:a perforated flame holder disposed in a combustion volume defined by a combustion chamber wall, the perforated flame holder being configured to hold a combustion reaction supported by fuel and combustion air;a fuel and oxidant source configured to output the fuel and combustion air into the combustion volume and arranged to cause the fuel and air to mix in a mixing volume between the fuel and oxidant source and the perforated flame holder; anda flue gas recirculator configured to receive flue gas from a flue volume arranged to receive the flue gas from the combustion reaction held by the perforated flame holder and to output the flue gas for mixing with the fuel and air in the mixing volume.2. The combustion system of claim 1 , wherein the perforated flame holder is configured to hold claim 1 , under at least a subset of operating conditions of the combustion system claim 1 , the combustion reaction substantially between an input face and an output face of the perforated flame holder.3. The combustion system of claim 1 , further comprising a perforated flame holder support structure configured to support the perforated flame holder at a distance including the mixing volume away from the fuel and air source.4. The combustion system of claim 1 , wherein the flue gas recirculator comprises an external flue gas ...

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Номер записи: 33
10-03-2022 дата публикации

ADAPTIVE BAKING METHOD

Номер: US20220074668A1
Автор: Hwang Ho-Yung David, Lee Heng-Jen, WU Tzung-Chen, Zhou Wen-Zhan
Принадлежит:

A controller includes a non-transitory computer readable medium configured to store information related to a target temperature of a wafer, a target temperature of a heating element, a temperature of the wafer, and a temperature of the heating element. The controller further includes a processor connected to the non-transitory computer readable medium, the processor configured to generate at least one heating signal during a baking process to adjust a duration of an entirety of the baking process in response to the temperature of the wafer and the temperature of the heating element. 1. A controller comprising:a non-transitory computer readable medium configured to store information related to a target temperature of a wafer, a target temperature of a heating element, a temperature of the wafer, and a temperature of the heating element; anda processor connected to the non-transitory computer readable medium, the processor configured to generate at least one heating signal during a baking process to adjust a duration of an entirety of the baking process in response to the temperature of the wafer and the temperature of the heating element.2. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to generate a plurality of heating signals claim 1 , wherein each heating signal of the plurality of heating signals corresponds to a heating zone of a plurality of heating zones of the heating element.3. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to generate the at least one heating signal for a first heating zone of the heating element based on an amount of heat provided by a plurality of heating zones of the heating element adjacent to the first heating zone.4. A method comprising:performing a baking process on a wafer, wherein the baking process comprises heating the wafer for a first duration using a heating element;measuring a temperature of the heating element and a temperature of the wafer during the first duration to obtain ...

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Номер записи: 34
10-03-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SOFTWARE DEFINED METALLURGY

Номер: US20220075334A1
Автор: Bose Animesh, KERNAN BRIAN D., Sowerbutts Mark, Tuncer Nihan
Принадлежит: Desktop Metal, Inc.

A system for generating a user-adjustable furnace profile, comprises a user interface configured to receive one or more materials properties from a user, a processor, and a memory with computer code instructions stored thereon. The memory is operatively coupled to the processor such that, when executed by the processor, the computer code instructions cause the system to implement communicating with a furnace to ascertain one or more thermal processes associated with the furnace, identifying one or more object characteristics associated with an object to be processed by furnace, and determining a thermal processing parameter profile of at least one thermal processing parameter corresponding to each of the thermal processes, based on (i) the one or more part characteristics and (ii) the one or more materials properties, the thermal processing parameter profile characterizing a cycle of the one or more thermal processes. 1. A method of generating a user-adjustable thermal processing parameter profile for use by a furnace , comprising: receiving, through a user interface, one or more materials properties provided by a user;', 'communicating with a furnace to ascertain one or more thermal processes associated with the furnace;', 'identifying one or more part characteristics associated with a part to be processed by furnace; and', 'determining a thermal processing parameter profile of at least one thermal processing parameter corresponding to each of the thermal processes, based on at least one of (i) the one or more part characteristics and (ii) the one or more materials properties, the thermal processing parameter profile characterizing a cycle of the one or more thermal processes., 'by a processor and a memory with computer code instructions stored thereon,'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising communicating with the user through a graphical user interface claim 1 , and claim 1 , based on the communicating claim 1 , one or both of (i) guiding the user to an ...

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Номер записи: 35
03-03-2016 дата публикации

DENTAL FURNACE

Номер: US20160061527A1
Автор: Bürke Harald, Jussel Rudolf
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a dental furnace () for dental restorations comprising a firing chamber into which, in particular between a furnace bottom part () and a furnace upper part (), the dental restoration, in particular within a muffle, can be introduced, and a sensor that is connected with a control device () for the dental furnace (), characterized in that the sensor, in particular the temperature sensor (), is arranged outside the firing chamber and comprises a detection range () that also extends outside the firing chamber. 1. A dental furnace for dental restorations comprisinga furnace bottom part,a furnace upper part,a firing chamber into which the dental restorations can be introduced,a sensor that is remotely or locally connected to a control device for the dental furnace,the sensor detecting and recognizing an approaching object and/or a user of the dental furnace,wherein the sensor is arranged outside the firing chamber and comprises a detection range that also extends outside the firing chamber, andwherein the said sensor is formed as a proximity and/or a temperature sensor.2. The dental furnace according to claim 1 ,wherein the dental furnace is formed as a muffle press furnace for dental restoration parts,wherein the firing chamber is adapted for the accommodation of a muffle andwherein an object that is to be detected in the detection range comprises the muffle of the muffle press furnace.3. The dental furnace according to claim 1 ,wherein the control device performs a special control function if the muffle or the dental restoration reaches the detection range of the sensor.4. The dental furnace according to claim 3 ,wherein the control function includes a function that is associated with a start of a firing process of the dental furnace.5. The dental furnace according to claim 4 ,wherein the start of the firing process comprises switching on of the dental furnace.6. The dental furnace according to claim 5 ,wherein the switching on of the dental ...

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Номер записи: 36
21-02-2019 дата публикации

SUBSTRATE PRE-BAKING DEVICE

Номер: US20190058167A1
Автор: HE Hengzhong
Принадлежит:

In a substrate pre-baking device, a baking box housing includes a baking chamber in an interior space of the baking box housing, wherein an opening corresponding to a side door is arranged on a lateral side of the baking box housing. The side door is arranged at the opening of the baking box housing. A heating structure is arranged in the baking chamber. A hot air curtain device is arranged at the side door of the baking box housing. When the side door is opened, the hot air curtain device is configured to form a hot air curtain for isolating the baking chamber from outside environment at the opening of the side door. 1. A substrate pre-baking device , comprising:a baking box housing having a baking chamber in an interior space of the baking box housing, wherein an opening corresponding to a side door is arranged on a lateral side of the baking box housing;the side door arranged at the opening of the baking box housing;a heating structure arranged in the baking chamber; anda hot air curtain device arranged at the side door of the baking box housing;wherein when the side door is opened, the hot air curtain device is configured to form a hot air curtain for isolating the baking chamber from an external environment at the opening of the side door.2. The substrate pre-baking device according to claim 1 , wherein the hot air curtain device comprises:a plurality of air outlets arranged on an upper side of the opening corresponding to the side door;a plurality of channels in communication with the air outlets;a plurality of heating tubes arranged in the channels and connected with a controller; andat least one fan arranged in the channels and connected with the controller.3. The substrate pre-baking device according to claim 2 , wherein the air outlets comprises:a first row of exhaust outlets arranged on a side of the opening of the side door, that is adjacent to the baking chamber, and configured to form a first hot air curtain; anda second row of exhaust outlets arranged ...

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Номер записи: 37
04-03-2021 дата публикации

MACHINE LEARNING FOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

Номер: US20210064983A1
Автор: Kludt Steve, Mai Mingjie, Muthusamy Venkatesh
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems for training a neural network in tandem with a policy gradient that incorporates domain knowledge with historical data. Process constraints are incorporated into training through an action mask. Evaluation of the trained network is provided by comparing the network's recommended actions with those of an operator. A decision tree is provided to explain a path from an input of process states, into the neural network, to the output of recommended actions. 1. A method comprising:obtaining training data of a process, the training data comprising information about a current process state, an action from a plurality of actions applied to the current process state, a next process state obtained by applying the action to the current process state, a reward based on a metric of the process, the reward depending on the current process state, the action, and the future process state; and a long-term reward comprising the reward and one or more future rewards; andtraining a neural network on the training data to provide a recommended probability of each action from the plurality of actions, wherein a policy gradient algorithm adjusts a raw action probability output by the neural network to the recommended probability by incorporating domain knowledge of the process.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the policy gradient incorporates an imaginary long-term reward of an augmented action to adjust the raw probability.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the training data further comprises one or more constraints on each action claim 1 , with each constraint in a form of an action mask.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the policy gradient incorporates an imaginary long-term reward of an augmented action and the one or more constraints to adjust the raw probability.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the process is a blast furnace process for production of molten steel claim 1 , the metric is a chemical composition metric of the molten steel claim 1 , and the one or ...

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Номер записи: 38
08-03-2018 дата публикации

Precision Dual Annealing Apparatus

Номер: US20180066891A1
Автор: Todorov Teodor K.
Принадлежит:

A dual annealing apparatus and use thereof for precision annealing of an article are provided. In one aspect, an annealing apparatus includes: a first heating plate opposite a second heating plate; a first cooling source associated with the first heating plate; and a second cooling source associated with the second heating plate, wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are independently controllable, and wherein the first cooling source and the second cooling source are independently controllable. A method for annealing an article using the annealing apparatus is also provided. 1. An annealing apparatus , comprising:a first heating plate opposite a second heating plate;a first cooling source associated with the first heating plate; anda second cooling source associated with the second heating plate,wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are independently controllable, and wherein the first cooling source and the second cooling source are independently controllable.2. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are each formed of a metal selected from the group consisting of: graphite claim 1 , copper claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a first power source; anda first controller connecting the first heating plate to the first power source.4. The annealing apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising:a second power source; anda second controller connecting the second heating plate to the second power source.5. The annealing apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the first controller and the second controller each comprises a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller.6. The annealing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:an annealing chamber in between the first heating plate and the second heating plate.7. The annealing apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the annealing chamber comprises a quartz chamber.8. The ...

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Номер записи: 39
05-03-2020 дата публикации

OPERATING A COOKING APPLIANCE

Номер: US20200069111A1
Автор: Eiter Hans-Martin, Schürf Stefan
Принадлежит:

In a method for operating a cooking appliance, a cooking compartment is irradiated by light of different wavelength ranges. Light reflected in the cooking compartment is measured and measurement results of the light measurement are spectroscopically evaluated. Depending on a result of the spectroscopic evaluation, operation of the cooking appliance is adjusted. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for operating a cooking appliance , said method comprising:irradiating a cooking compartment by light of different wavelength ranges;measuring light reflected in the cooking compartment;spectroscopically evaluating measurement results of the light measurement; andadjusting an operation of the cooking appliance depending on a result of the spectroscopic evaluation.17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the light of different wavelength ranges is irradiated temporally serially into the cooking compartment.18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the spectroscopic evaluation is implemented by determining intensity relationships of the measurement results.19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the measurement results are spectroscopically evaluated so that variations over time of the intensity relationships are determined.20. The method of claim 16 , further comprising captivating the light reflected in the cooking compartment on a pixel basis by a camera claim 16 , with the spectroscopic evaluation being implemented to spectroscopically evaluate measurement results for each of several groups of pixels.21. The method The method of claim 20 , wherein the measurement results are spectroscopically evaluated for each pixel.22. The method of claim 20 , further comprising carrying out an object recognition by the camera claim 20 , with the spectroscopic evaluation being performed depending on a type of recognized object.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the operation of the cooking appliance is adjusted depending on the result of the spectroscopic evaluation of the object detected by the object ...

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Номер записи: 40
16-03-2017 дата публикации

LASER SENSOR FOR MELT CONTROL OF HEARTH FURNACES AND THE LIKE

Номер: US20170072461A1
Автор: LELAND ORION K., MCMENOMEY JOHN, TING JASON
Принадлежит: RETECH SYSTEMS LLC

A system and method for sensing the melt level of an ingot and/or molten material within one or more of a melting hearth, a refining hearth, tundish, and/or a casting mold within a furnace system. One or more laser melt height systems is configured and oriented to measure the melt level of one or more furnace system vessels within a closed furnace chamber, and thereby provide control information for regulating an overall melting, refining, casting, and/or atomization process. 1. A gas atomization system comprising:a vacuum chamber having a viewport;a melting crucible;a tundish, configured to receive a molten material from the melting crucible;a gas atomizer; anda laser melt height sensor system, configured to emit a laser beam and receive a laser signal to determine a level of the molten material within the tundish.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tundish is positioned below the viewport claim 1 , and wherein the laser melt height sensor system is positioned above the tundish and viewport claim 1 , outside of the vacuum chamber.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller electronically coupled to the laser melt height sensor system and the melting crucible claim 1 , configured to control a rate of at which the melting crucible provides molten material to the tundish based on the laser signal received by the laser melt height sensor system.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the viewport is formed of a layered glass structure configured to transmit a laser beam into the vacuum chamber having an environment that facilitates a gas atomization process.5. A vacuum melting system comprising:a vacuum chamber having one or more viewports;a material feed;a melting hearth, configured to receive a feed material from the material feed and to render the feed material into a molten material, and operatively coupled with a primary heating unit;one or more refining hearths, each configured to receive the molten material from the melting hearth, and each ...

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Номер записи: 41
24-03-2022 дата публикации

STEELMAKING FURNACE WITH HUMIDITY CONTROL DEVICE

Номер: US20220090230A1
Автор: BING Robert, BRANNBACKA Johnny C., III Oscar, LANZI, ROTOLE John A., UMLAUF William P.
Принадлежит:

A steel strip annealing furnace with a dew point control system. The furnace/control system can be more readily controlled to the desired dew point than the prior art control system and can handle the set point changes required as different types of steel coils are continuously run therethrough. 14-. (canceled)5. A steel strip annealing furnace with a dew point control system , the furnace including:a furnace having an upper region and a lower region;a furnace atmosphere injector configured to inject furnace atmospheric gases into an injection region in the upper region of the furnace;a steam generator coupled with the atmosphere injection system to mix steam into the furnace atmospheric gases and including a steam generator control unit to control generation of steam;a control system for controlling the steam generator to provide a desired dew point within the furnace; the control system including an input dew point (DP) set point signal generator generating a DP set point signal corresponding to a desired furnace DP;the control system further including two DP sensors measuring a local dew point and transmitting a signal representative of the measured local dew point; one of the DP sensors being an upper DP sensor positioned in the upper region of the furnace and adjacent the injection region; the other of the DP sensors being a lower DP sensor positioned in the lower region of the furnace, remote from the injection region;the control system further including two proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers configured in a cascaded loop configuration;the control system further including three signal convertors (SC), each SC designed to receive a DP input signal and convert the DP input signal into a partial pressure of steam (PPS) output signal;a lower of the PID controllers being connected to a first SC of the SCs, the first SC having an input DP set point signal from the DP set point signal generator, and an output PPS set point signal transmitted to the ...

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Номер записи: 42
19-03-2015 дата публикации

Method for heat treatment, heat treatment apparatus, and heat treatment system

Номер: US20150079527A1
Автор: Kiichi Kanda, Shinichi Takahashi
Принадлежит: Kanto Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd

There are provided a method for heat treatment, a heat treatment apparatus, and a heat treatment system capable of efficiently controlling heat treatment such as a bright treatment with high precision and without causing oxidation and decarbonization. Computation of ΔG 0 (standard formation Gibbs energy) is performed by referring to sensor information from respective sensors, and an Ellingham diagram, a control range, and a status of the heat treatment furnace in operation expressed with ΔG 0 are displayed on a display device 531 , while a flow rate of hydrocarbon gas is controlled by a control unit 534 so that ΔG 0 is within the control range.

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Номер записи: 43
05-03-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING AN EXPANDED GRANULATE

Номер: US20200071229A1
Автор: Brunnmair Ernst Erwin, Salchinger Gerhard
Принадлежит: BINDER + CO AG

A method for producing an expanded granulate made of a sand grain-shaped mineral material uses a propellant. The material is transported along a transport path through multiple heating zones in a furnace shaft, heated to a critical temperature at which the surfaces of the sand grains plasticize, and the sand grains are expanded based on the propellant. The material is fed from the bottom together with an amount of air; the material is transported from the bottom to the top along the transport path by the air quantity which flows from the bottom to the top in the furnace shaft and the sand grains are expanded in the upper half of the transport path. The material is heated such that the material immediately prior to entering into the furnace shaft is at a material entry temperature lower than the critical temperature and higher than the ambient temperature. 1211131435667111231154151143: A method for producing an expanded granulate () from sand grain-shaped mineral material () having an expanding agent , for example for producing an expanded granulate from perlite sand () or obsidian sand; wherein the material () is fed into a furnace (); wherein the material () is conveyed in a substantially vertically disposed furnace shaft () of the furnace () along a conveying path () through a plurality of heating zones () arranged vertically separated from one another , wherein each heating zone () can be heated with at least one independently controllable heating element (); wherein the material () is thereby heated to a critical temperature at which the surfaces of the sand grains () become plastic and the sand grains () are expanded due to the expanding agent; wherein the expanded material () is discharged from the furnace () , wherein furthermore the material () is fed together with a quantity of air from below , wherein the material () is conveyed from bottom to top along the conveying path () by means of the quantity of air flowing from bottom to top in the furnace shaft () ...

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Номер записи: 44
07-03-2019 дата публикации

SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

Номер: US20190074200A1
Автор: FUKUSUMI Takanori, MIYAMOTO Yukinobu
Принадлежит: Toshiba Memory Corporation

According to an embodiment, a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes a holder configured to hold a processing object, a heater provided at the holder and configured to heat the processing object, a first exhaust port provided above the holder and facing the holder, and an exhaust duct. The exhaust duct is provided on an outer side surface of the first exhaust port and includes an extension and contraction function. 1. A semiconductor manufacturing apparatus comprising:a holder configured to hold a processing object;a heater provided at the holder and configured to heat the processing object;a first exhaust port provided above the holder and facing the holder; andan exhaust duct provided n an outer side surface of the first exhaust port and including an extension and contraction function.2. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a first exhaust unit connected to the first exhaust port claim 1 , whereinunder a state where the processing object is not placed on the holder, the exhaust duct is extended toward the holder, and gas is exhausted from the first exhaust port by the first exhaust unit.3. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the exhaust duct includes a telescopic structure or bellows structure.4. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising:a second exhaust port provided near a side surface of the holder; anda second exhaust unit connected to the second exhaust port, whereinunder a state where the processing object is placed on the holder, the exhaust duct is contracted, and gas is exhausted from the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port by the first exhaust unit and the second exhaust unit.5. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according claim 2 , further comprising a position sensor provided on a distal end of the exhaust duct on a side closer to the holder claim 2 , and configured to measure height of the distal end ...

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Номер записи: 45
05-03-2020 дата публикации

Arrangement Of A Furnace And Of Bulk Material Of Glass Particles As Well As Method For Operating A Furnace

Номер: US20200072552A1
Автор: Bürke Harald, Jussel Rudolf
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to an arrangement of a furnace and of bulk material of glass particles, said furnace () comprising a pressing punch (), a pressure, distance and/or speed sensor and a control device for controlling a pressing process based on the output signal of the sensor. The sensor detects at least a pressure, position and/or motion parameter of the pressing punch (). The pressing punch () acts on the bulk material of glass particles ()—possibly via an interposed ram ()—, said glass particles being guided and crystallizable in a press channel (). The trigger criterion for the process control is a change of at least a motion parameter of the pressing punch () upon softening of the bulk material of glass particles () which change is detected by the sensor. 1. An arrangement of a furnace and of bulk material of glass particles comprisinga furnace andbulk material of glass particles, a pressing punch,', 'a pressure, distance and/or speed sensor and', 'a process control device configured for controlling a pressing process based on an output signal of the sensor,', 'wherein the sensor detects at least a pressure, position and/or motion parameter of the pressing punch,', 'wherein the pressing punch acts on the bulk material of glass particles,', 'wherein said glass particles are guided and crystallizable in a press channel, and', 'wherein trigger criterion for the process control device is a change of at least a motion parameter of the pressing punch upon softening of the bulk material of glass particles which change is detected by the sensor., 'wherein said furnace comprises'}2. The arrangement of a furnace and of bulk material of glass particles as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the process control device controls the start of the pressing process, in which start the furnace temperature, the pressure in a firing chamber of the furnace and a press force of the pressing punch are controlled by the process control device, andwherein the process control device controls ...

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Номер записи: 46
05-03-2020 дата публикации

Process and device for measuring wear of a refractory lining of a receptacle intended to contain molten metal

Номер: US20200072554A1
Автор: Daniel GUALTIERI, David Glijer, Marco Picco
Принадлежит: ArcelorMittal SA

A process for measuring wear of a refractory lining of a receptacle intended to contain molten metal, containing the following steps: scanning a first surface of the refractory lining using a first laser scanner in order to obtain a first initial set of data representative of the first surface, scanning a second surface of the refractory lining using a second laser scanner, distinct from the first laser scanner, in order to obtain a second initial set of data representative of the second surface, wherein the second surface includes a grey zone for the first laser scanner, the receptacle defining an obstacle located between the first laser scanner and the grey zone during scanning by the first laser scanner, and calculating a final set of data using the first initial set of data and the second initial set of data, the final set of data being representative of a surface of the refractory lining including the first surface and the second surface.

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Номер записи: 47
17-03-2016 дата публикации

FORMATION OF A I-III-VI2 SEMICONDUCTOR LAYER BY HEAT TREATMENT AND CHALCOGENIZATION OF AN I-III METALLIC PRECURSOR

Номер: US20160079454A1
Автор: Bodnar Sylvie, Broussillou Cedric
Принадлежит: NEXCIS

A process for forming a semiconductor layer, especially with a view to photovoltaic applications, and more particularly to a process for forming a semiconductor layer of I-III-VItype by heat treatment and chalcogenization of a metallic precursor of I-III type, the process comprising: a heating step under an inert atmosphere during which the temperature increases uniformly up to a first temperature of between 460° C. and 540° C., in order to enable the densification of the metallic precursor, and a chalcogenization step beginning at said first temperature and during which the temperature continues to increase up to a second temperature, a stabilization temperature, of between 550° C. and 600° C., in order to enable the formation of the semiconductor layer. The formation of a semiconductor layer, or equivalently of an absorber, having a gain in conversion efficiency of around 4%, is thus advantageously achieved. 1. A process for forming a type I-III-VIsemiconductor layer by heat treatment and chalcogenization , in at least one chamber of a furnace , of a type I-III metal precursor deposited on a substrate , the process comprising:a heating step under an inert atmosphere, during which the temperature uniformly increases to a first temperature of between 460° C. and 540° C., to enable densification of the metal precursor, anda chalcogenization step beginning at said first temperature and during which the temperature continues to increase to a second temperature, for stabilization, of between 550° C. and 600° C., to enable formation of the semiconductor layer.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is between 480° C. and 520° C.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is equal to 505° C.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , during the heating step claim 1 , the temperature increases at a rate of 3.5° C./sec claim 1 , plus or minus 1° C./sec.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 48
14-03-2019 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A SINTERING PROCESS

Номер: US20190076922A1
Автор: Malas Akin
Принадлежит:

An apparatus () for controlling a sintering process in a sintering furnace (), includes a preheating zone () and a high heat zone (), further comprising at least two measuring devices (), wherein the at least two measuring devices comprise at least one measuring device in the preheating zone () and at least one measuring device in the high heat zone () for analyzing a furnace atmosphere at the respective zone, and adjusting means () for adjusting a composition of the furnace atmosphere based on measurement values acquired by the at least two measuring devices () in the respective zones (). 112-. (canceled)13150100. An apparatus () for controlling a sintering process in a sintering furnace () , comprising:{'b': 120', '130, 'a pre-heating zone () and a high heat zone ();'}{'b': 151', '152', '153', '154', '120', '130, 'at least two measuring devices (, , , ), the at least two measuring devices comprising at least one measuring device in the pre-heating zone () and at least one measuring device in the high heat zone () for analyzing a furnace atmosphere at a respective one of the zones; and'}{'b': 155', '156', '151', '152', '153', '154', '110', '120', '130', '140, 'adjusting means (, ) for adjusting a composition of the furnace atmosphere based on measurement values acquired by the at least two measuring devices (, , , ) in the respective zones (, , , ).'}14150151152153154151152153154. The apparatus () according to claim 13 , wherein the at least two measuring devices ( claim 13 , claim 13 , claim 13 , ) comprise devices selected from the group consisting of oxygen analyzers () claim 13 , dew point analyzers () claim 13 , lambda probes () claim 13 , and hydrogen analyzers ().15151152153154151130152120. The apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the at least two measuring devices ( claim 13 , claim 13 , claim 13 , ) are devices selected from the group consisting of an oxygen analyzer () in the high heat zone () claim 13 , and a dew point analyzer () in the pre-heating ...

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Номер записи: 49
31-03-2022 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR CONDITIONING STUCCO IN A DUST COLLECTOR

Номер: US20220099372A1
Автор: Chen Michael M.
Принадлежит: Schenck Process LLC

A system for conditioning stucco particulate material includes a vessel having separation chamber in communication with a holding chamber having a holding volume therein. The conditioning system includes the holding volume sufficient to condition the stucco particulate material therein and/or a control system configured to delay discharge of the stucco particulate material from the holding chamber. The system for conditioning stucco particulate material is configured to increase residence time of the stucco particulate material in the holding chamber to promote calcining conditioning therein. 1. A system for conditioning stucco particulate material , the system comprising:a vessel having separation chamber in communication with a holding chamber;the separation chamber having an inlet for supplying the stucco particulate material entrained in a gas, the separation chamber having a collector system configured for separating the stucco particulate material from the gas, the separation chamber having a gas outlet for discharging the gas from the separation chamber, the collector system having a discharge capacity for discharging the stucco particulate material therefrom and into the holding chamber;{'claim-text': ['(a) the holding volume is of a predetermined magnitude sufficient to condition the stucco particulate material in the holding chamber, before being discharged through the stucco outlet; and', '(b) a control unit in communication with a drive unit connected to the conveyor, a sensor in communication with the holding chamber and the control unit, the sensor being configured to generate control signals at a setpoint and transmitting the control signals to the control unit, the control unit being configured to control the drive unit based upon the control signals, to accumulate and retain the stucco particulate material in the holding chamber for conditioning, before being discharged through the stucco outlet.'], '#text': 'the holding chamber defining a holding ...

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Номер записи: 50
12-03-2020 дата публикации

COOKING APPLIANCE

Номер: US20200080783A1
Автор: Fischhaber Herbert, Schwebesch Frank, Wild Hannes
Принадлежит:

Cooking appliance, especially a commercial cooking appliance, comprising a housing in which a cooking chamber is arranged; at least one sensor device; and a cooling device for the sensor device, which sensor device comprises the following components: a cooling housing, in which the sensor device is arranged, a heat-conducting bridge, and at least one heat-dissipating member, which is arranged on a support, wherein the cooling housing is made of heat-conducting, preferably highly thermally conductive material, and in that the heat-conducting bridge is made of thermally conductive, preferably highly thermally conductive material which connects the cooling housing to the support made of thermally conductive, preferably highly thermally conductive material. 1. A cooking appliance , especially a commercial cooking appliance , comprising:a housing in which a cooking chamber is arranged;at least one sensor device; and a cooling housing in which the sensor device is arranged,', 'a heat-conducting bridge, and', 'at least one heat-dissipating member which is arranged on a support, wherein, 'a cooling device for said sensor device, said cooling device comprisingin that the cooling housing is made of thermally conductive material, andin that the heat-conducting bridge made of thermally conductive material connects the cooling housing to the support made of thermally conductive material.2. The cooking appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the support bears at least one cooling member claim 1 , the at least one heat-dissipating member being arranged on the at least one cooling member.3. The cooking appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling housing claim 1 , the heat-conducting bridge and the support are integrally formed or in that the cooling housing claim 1 , the heat-conducting bridge and the support are separate components which are connected to each another.4. The cooking appliance according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling housing is arranged in a mounting box ...

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Номер записи: 51
19-06-2014 дата публикации

Charging device for shaft furnace with controller for clean gas fed to its main casing

Номер: US20140166116A1
Автор: Emile Lonardi, Gérald HUBEAUX, Guy Thillen, Lutwin Franziskus, Paul Tockert
Принадлежит: Paul Wurth SA

A charging device for a shaft furnace comprises a main casing and at least one nozzle for introducing a clean gas into the casing. According to an important aspect of the invention, a controller is configured to adapt the supply (the flow rate) or pressure of clean gas in the main casing based on charging status information.

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Номер записи: 52
02-04-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING A VACUUM MELTING SYSTEM AND VACUUM MELTING SYSTEM OPERATED ACCORDING TO THE METHOD

Номер: US20150091223A1
Автор: Matschullat Thomas, Rieger Detlef
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Metallurgical treatment of a steel melt is provided in a vacuum melting system in which acoustic signals generated in a pan receiving the steel melt are recorded with at least one structure-borne sound pick-up acoustically coupled directly or indirectly to the pan. The acoustic signals are used to determine a variable characterizing the operating state of the vacuum melting system. 110-. (canceled)11. A method for operating a vacuum melting system for metallurgical treatment of a steel melt , comprising:detecting acoustic signals generated in a pan accommodating the steel melt by at least one structure-borne sound pick-up acoustically coupled indirectly or directly to the pan; anddetecting leakage in the vacuum melting system based on the acoustic signals.12. The method as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising determining at least one of height and depth of foamed slag located in the pan above a melt bath of the steel melt based on the acoustic signals.13. The method as claimed in claim 12 , further comprising determining a temporal differential quotient of the at least one of height and depth of the foamed slag.14. The method as claimed in claim 13 , further comprising controlling feeding of a process gas into the pan based on at least one of the height claim 13 , the depth and the temporal differential quotient of the at least one of height and depth of the foamed slag.15. The method as claimed in claim 12 , further comprising controlling feeding of a process gas into the pan based on at least one of the height claim 12 , the depth and the temporal differential quotient of the at least one of height and depth of the foamed slag.16. A vacuum melting system for metallurgical treatment of a steel melt in a pan claim 12 , comprising:at least one structure-borne sound pick-up acoustically coupled indirectly or directly to the pan, detecting acoustic signals generated in the pan; andat least one programmed processor controlling operation of the vacuum melting system ...

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Номер записи: 53
25-03-2021 дата публикации

KILN COMPRISING A CONTROL UNIT ASSOCIATED WITH THE THERMAL INERTIA PROPERTIES OF CONSTITUTIVE ELEMENTS

Номер: US20210087651A1
Автор: Lhoest Alexandre, Martins Daniel
Принадлежит: DREVER INTERNATIONAL SA

A furnace for the heat treatment of a metal product includes constitutive elements, each having a thermal inertia property determined from physical parameters. The constitutive elements include walls delimiting at least partially the furnace, a heating unit for heating the metal product, and a rapid heating element for heating the metal product. The furnace also includes a control circuit for controlling the heating unit and/or the rapid heating element, based on one or more thermal inertia properties of one or more constitutive elements of the furnace, and at least based on a ground of a constitutive element of said furnace. 1. A furnace for the thermal treatment of a metal product , comprising: walls delimiting at least partially the furnace;', 'a heating unit for heating the metal product when the metal product is at least partially in the furnace; and', 'a rapid heating element for heating the metal product when the metal product is at least partially in the furnace, the rapid heating element being distinct from the heating unit;, 'constitutive elements, each having a thermal inertia property, the constitutive elements comprisinga control circuit for controlling at least one of the heating unit or the rapid heating element based on one or more thermal inertia properties of one or more constitutive elements of the furnace and at least based on a ground of a constitutive element of said furnace, wherein the control circuit is configured for controlling a moving speed of the metal product in the furnace based on the one or more thermal inertia properties of the one or more constitutive elements of the furnace.2. The furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit is configured to control at least one of the heating unit or the rapid heating element based on at least one of a temperature of one of the constitutive elements or a specific heat capacity of one of the constitutive elements.3. The furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the constitutive ...

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Номер записи: 54
29-03-2018 дата публикации

Systems and methods for threading a hot coil on a mill

Номер: US20180085803A1
Автор: Andrew James Hobbis, Antoine Jean Willy Pralong, Hansjuerg Alder, Jeffrey Edward Geho, Mark Finn, Natasha Iyer, Peter Knelsen, Roberto Quintal, Rodger BROWN, Stephen Lee Mick, Terry Lee, William Beck
Принадлежит: Novelis Inc Canada

Systems and methods of threading a metal substrate on a rolling mill include receiving a coil of the metal substrate. The method also includes uncoiling the metal substrate from the coil while the coil and guiding the metal substrate to a work stand of the rolling mill with a threading system.

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Номер записи: 55
25-03-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS CONTROLLER HAVING ADJUSTABLE PARAMETERS

Номер: US20210088983A1
Автор: Roberts Samuel
Принадлежит: Eurotherm Limited

Automatically generating a compensation factor for adjusting an operating parameter such that a measured carbon potential, dew point, or other controlled parameter matches the controller's set point value by inputting the measured parameter directly to the controller. 1. A method of calibrating a gas carburizing furnace comprising:heating a shim in the furnace;measuring a carbon potential of the shim;providing the measured carbon potential to a controller, the controller coupled to the furnace for controlling one or more operating parameters of the furnace as a function of a carbon potential set point;generating a compensation factor as a function of the measured carbon potential; andadjusting at least one of the one or more operating parameters based on the compensation factor such that the measured carbon potential and the carbon potential set point are equal.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing an indication to the controller to store process data of the furnace after said heating the shim.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising verifying the stored process data matches the shim and the measured carbon potential thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising overwriting a previous value of the compensation factor with the generated compensation factor upon receiving claim 1 , via a user human machine interface claim 1 , an indication that the generated compensation factor is acceptable.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising discarding the generated compensation factor upon receiving claim 1 , via a user human machine interface claim 1 , an indication that the generated compensation factor is unacceptable.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said generating the compensation factor comprises:transforming a numerical equation for calculating the compensation factor into a homogeneous form;initializing the transformed equation based on a set of initial values; andafter the transforming, iteratively solving the transformed equation ...

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Номер записи: 56
29-03-2018 дата публикации

Pre-ageing systems and methods using magnetic heating

Номер: US20180087122A1
Автор: David Michael Custers
Принадлежит: Novelis Inc Canada

Systems and methods of pre-ageing of a metal strip during metal processing include passing the metal strip adjacent a magnetic rotor of a reheater. The systems and methods also include heating the metal strip through the magnetic rotor by rotating the magnetic rotor. Rotating the magnetic rotor induces a magnetic field into the metal strip such that the metal strip is heated.

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Номер записи: 57
30-03-2017 дата публикации

Hinged baffle for autoclave that deploys at a target temperature during a run cycle

Номер: US20170089641A1
Автор: Keith Daniel Humfeld, Steven Shewchuk
Принадлежит: Boeing Co

Apparatus and methods for operating an autoclave. One embodiment includes a baffle located in an autoclave during a run cycle of the autoclave. A release mechanism secures the baffle in a retracted position during the run cycle, and automatically releases the baffle to a deployed position during the run cycle, when a temperature inside of the autoclave reaches a target temperature, to alter airflow within the autoclave.

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Номер записи: 58
05-05-2022 дата публикации

SUBSTRATE TREATING APPARATUS AND SUBSTRATE TREATING METHOD

Номер: US20220139738A1
Автор: AN Young Seo, BANG Jae Oh, KIM Hyun Min, Lee Seung Han, LEE Seung Hwan
Принадлежит:

The inventive concept relates to a substrate treating apparatus including a process chamber having a first and a second body, a support unit supporting a substrate, a heating unit heats the substrate, a driver moves any one of the first body and the second body, an interval state detection unit that detects an interval state between a side wall of the first body and a side wall of the second body when the first and the second body are placed in a process location, and a controller that controls the driver and the interval state detection unit, wherein the interval state detection unit includes a pressure provision line that provides a positive pressure or a negative pressure between the side wall of the first body and the side wall of the second body, and a pressure measurement member that measures a change in a pressure of the pressure provision line.

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Номер записи: 59
29-03-2018 дата публикации

MAGNETIC LEVITATION HEATING OF METAL WITH CONTROLLED SURFACE QUALITY

Номер: US20180092164A1
Автор: Brown Rodger, Gaensbauer David Anthony, Gantzer David Edward, Hobbis Andrew James, MacFarlane Theresa Elizabeth, Pralong Antoine Jean Willy, WAGSTAFF Robert Bruce
Принадлежит: Novelis Inc.

A non-contact heating apparatus uses a series of rotating magnets to heat, levitate, and/or move metal articles therethrough. A first series of rotating magnets heats the metal article to a desired temperature. A second series of rotating magnets levitates the metal article within the heating apparatus and maintains desired tension in the metal article, including urging the metal article through the heating apparatus. The heating apparatus can extend sufficiently far to soak the metal article at the desired temperature for a desired duration. The rotating magnets can be positioned outside of an electrically non-conductive, heat resistant chamber filled with an inert or mildly reactive gas, through which the metal article passes in the heating apparatus. 1. A heating apparatus , comprising:a heating zone for accepting a metal article, wherein the heating zone comprises at least one heating device for increasing a temperature of the metal article; anda flotation zone coupled to the heating zone for maintaining the temperature of the metal article, wherein the flotation zone comprises an array of flotation devices for levitating the metal article, wherein at least one of the at least one heating device and the array of flotation devices comprises an array of magnetic rotors positioned adjacent the metal article.2. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each magnetic rotor of the array of magnetic rotors comprises at least one permanent magnet.3. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating zone and the flotation zone overlap one another.4. The heating apparatus of claim 3 , wherein both of the at least one heating device and the array of flotation devices comprise the array of magnetic rotors.5. The heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the flotation zone is located immediately after the heating zone in a downstream direction claim 1 , wherein the heating zone includes an entrance for continuously accepting the metal article claim 1 , and wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 60
07-04-2016 дата публикации

A METHOD FOR A POURING CONTROL AND A STORAGE MEDIUM FOR STORING PROGRAMS FOR CAUSING A COMPUTER TO CARRY OUT A PROCESS FOR CONTROLLIHG POURING

Номер: US20160096222A1
Автор: Noda Yoshiyuki, SUZUKI Makio, Terashima Kazuhiko, TSUJI Takaaki
Принадлежит:

[Problem to be solved] To provide a pouring control method, for a ladle-tilting automatic pouring device, where the operation for identification of the parameters, which normally takes much time to complete, can take less time and the device can pour with a high degree of precision by sequentially updating pouring model parameters according to the pouring situation. 1. A pouring control method for controlling pouring based on a mathematical model of a pouring process from input of control parameters to pouring of molten metal using a pouring ladle in an automatic pouring device with a tilting-type pouring ladle that pours the molten metal into a mold by tilting the pouring ladle that holds the molten metal , comprising:identifying, using an optimization technique, a flow rate coefficient, a liquid density, and a pouring start angle that is a tilting angle of the pouring ladle at which a flow out of the molten metal starts, wherein the flow rate coefficient, the liquid density, and the pouring start angle are the control parameters in the mathematical model, based on weight of liquid that flows out of the pouring ladle and tilting angle of the ladle that are measured during pouring, and a command signal that controls the tilting of the pouring ladle, andupdating the control parameters to the identified control parameters.3. The pouring control method according to or , wherein the flow rate coefficient and the liquid density are identified and updated every time one pouring is completed , and whereinan approximate function between the identified pouring start angle and a corresponding weight of liquid within the pouring ladle is calculated and updated after the consecutive pouring processes by the pouring ladle are completed.4. The pouring control method according to claim 1 , wherein the optimization technique is a Down-hill simplex method.5. The pouring control method according to claim 2 , wherein the optimization technique is a Down-hill simplex method.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 61
12-05-2022 дата публикации

MULTI-STATION PARALLEL SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETACHABLE GAS OVEN

Номер: US20220146102A1
Автор: BIAN Jiuhui, Chen Tao, Gu Wei, He Ming, LIU Xuedan, MA Wenbin, YANG Lanyu, YANG Xifeng, ZHU Zhengbing
Принадлежит: JIANGSU JIUHUI TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

A detachable multi-station parallel synchronous and asynchronous control system for a gas oven includes a controller, a plurality of temperature sensors, a solenoid valve, a stepper motor, and a remote control terminal. The plurality of temperature sensors are installed on a plurality of stations, respectively. The controller generates a control signal, and sends the control signal to a driver through a communication network, so that the driver generates a driving signal according to the control signal, and sends the driving signal to a multi-station coordinated control system. The multi-station coordinated control system controls the stepper motor and the solenoid valve of each station according to the drive signal. A sensor is configured to collect position information and speed information of a plurality of target motors and generate a detection signal. A method for using the detachable multi-station parallel synchronous and asynchronous control system is further provided. 1. A detachable multi-station parallel synchronous and asynchronous control system for a gas oven , comprising a controller , a plurality of temperature sensors , a solenoid valve , a stepper motor , and a remote control terminal; whereinthe plurality of temperature sensors are installed on a plurality of stations, respectively;the controller generates a control signal, and the controller sends the control signal to a current driver through a communication network; the current driver generates a driving signal according to the control signal, and the current driver sends the driving signal to a multi-station coordinated control system;the multi-station coordinated control system controls the stepper motor and the solenoid valve of each station of the plurality of stations according to the drive signal;a sensor is configured to collect position information and speed information of a plurality of target motors and generate a detection signal; anda multi-station coordinated control signal is pre- ...

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Номер записи: 62
12-05-2022 дата публикации

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER FOR A GAS OVEN AND THE GAS OVEN USING THE TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

Номер: US20220146104A1
Автор: BIAN Jiuhui, Chen Tao, Gu Wei, He Ming, LIU Xuedan, MA Wenbin, YANG Lanyu, YANG Xifeng, ZHU Zhengbing
Принадлежит: JIANGSU JIUHUI TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

A temperature controller for a gas oven includes a control module, a temperature measurement module, a prompt module, and a gas regulating module. The control module is connected to the temperature measurement module, the prompt module, and the gas regulating module, respectively, to transmit a signal. The temperature measurement module is arranged in the oven to measure a temperature in the oven and return the temperature to the control module. The prompt module is configured to receive an excessive temperature or a normal temperature of the control module, and provide a prompt. The gas regulating module is configured to receive a temperature and a control quantity returned by the control module, and control an air intake quantity, to adjust the temperature or turn on or turn off the oven. A micro-switch is provided and an on signal and an off signal of the micro-switch are transmitted to the control module. 1. A temperature controller for a gas oven , comprisinga control module, a temperature measurement module, a prompt module, and a gas regulating module;whereinthe control module is connected to the temperature measurement module, the prompt module, and the gas regulating module, respectively, to transmit a signal, and performs automatic temperature control adjustment through a stepwise adjustment and a stepless linear adjustment;the temperature measurement module is arranged in the gas oven to measure a temperature in the gas oven and return the temperature to the control module;the prompt module is configured to receive an excessive temperature signal or a normal temperature signal of the control module, and provide a prompt of excessive temperature;the gas regulating module is configured to receive a temperature signal and a control quantity signal returned by the control module, and control an air intake quantity, to adjust the temperature or turn on or turn off the gas oven;the temperature controller further comprises a micro-switch;an on signal and an off ...

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Номер записи: 63
12-05-2022 дата публикации

TEMPERING FURNACE FOR GLASS SHEETS

Номер: US20220146201A1
Автор: KETO Kyösti, VEHMAS Jukka
Принадлежит: Glaston Finland Oy

The present disclosure relates to a tempering furnace for a glass sheet, which has a conveyor for the glass sheet, first convection blow means over the conveyor to heat the glass sheet by hot air jets blown on its top and/or bottom surface, and second convection blow means to help lead pressurized air from outside the tempering furnace to second blow nozzles from which air is discharged as jets towards the top and/or bottom surface of the glass sheet. The heating effect of the air jets on the glass sheet is adjustable by adjusting the feeding of electric current to electric elements inside blowing channels. Blow nozzles of the second convection blow means form blow zones. The heating effect on the glass sheet of the jets discharged from the second blow nozzles inside the blow zones is adjustable by adjusting the blowing pressure of feed pipes. 1. A tempering furnace for a glass sheet , comprising:a conveyor configured to convey the glass sheet; andfirst convection blow means configured to heat the glass sheet by hot air jets blown on at least one surface of the class sheet,wherein the first convection blow means include;a blower configured to pressurize air sucked from the tempering furnace;air channels configured to lead air from the blower to blow enclosures, the blow enclosures having, at surfaces of the blow enclosures facing the glass sheet, blow openings from which air is discharged as jets towards the glass sheet; andelectric elements inside the blowing channels configured for heating air,wherein the tempering furnace further comprises;second convection blow means configured to aid in leading pressurised air from outside the tempering furnace to blow nozzles from which air is discharged as jets towards the at least one surface of the glass sheet,wherein the electric elements and the blow enclosures of the first convection blow means form a plurality of first separately-adjustable blow zones in longitudinal and width directions of the tempering furnace, in ...

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Номер записи: 64
28-03-2019 дата публикации

Automated measurement process of the temperature of a fusion furnace by means of a temperature probe

Номер: US20190093951A1
Автор: Gerardo MARIANI, Lorelai IFTODE, Pasquale Correra, Pasquale GALLUCCI
Принадлежит: Europea Microfusioni Aerospaziali SpA

The present invention relates to a process for measuring the temperature of a fusion furnace, in particular for the production of superalloy components with directional (DS)/monocrystalline (SX) grain structure by means of a lost wax precision casting process by means of a temperature probe, said fusion furnace comprising a melting chamber, a thermal chamber in connection with said melting chamber, and an extraction chamber in connection with said thermal chamber, a valve interposed between said two melting and thermal chambers, said probe comprising a thermocouple for high temperatures, a support element for positioning the temperature probe in the melting chamber of the furnace, displacement and measurement means of the position of the thermocouple for displacing and measuring the position of the thermocouple within the thermal chamber of the furnace, control device to actuate and control said displacement and measuring means.

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Номер записи: 65
14-04-2016 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AND/OR REGULATING AN ANNEALING OR HEAT TREATMENT FURNACE OF A PRODUCTION LINE PROCESSING METAL MATERIAL

Номер: US20160102916A1
Автор: Baerwald Matthias, Hartung Hans-Georg, Lhoest Alexandre, Sommers Ulrich
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a device for controlling and/or regulating an annealing or heat treatment furnace () of a production line () processing metal material, which comprises the annealing or heat treatment furnace () and at least one measuring instrument (), which detects at least one material property of a strip material () located in the production line (), wherein the annealing or heat treatment furnace () and the at least one measuring instrument () interact in a regulating and/or control circuit of an automated process control, which regulates and/or controls the annealing or heat treatment furnace () in connection with a furnace control, wherein according to the invention, a solution is created wherein an improvement of the process control over the previously known prior art can be achieved. This is achieved in that the at least one measuring instrument () is arranged behind the annealing or heat treatment furnace () in the strap material processing direction () and detects online a measured value reproducing and/or depicting a mechanical material property of the strap material () and transmits said measured value to a regulating and/or control unit () as a data transfer signal. 2342278. Device according to claim 1 , characterized in that the device further comprises a rolling or stretching station ( claim 1 , ) arranged behind the annealing or heat treatment furnace () claim 1 , which interacts with the annealing or heat treatment furnace () and the at least one measuring instrument ( claim 1 , ) in the regulating and/or control circuit of the automated process control.38345. Device according to claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one measuring instrument () is arranged behind the rolling and/or stretching station ( claim 2 , ) in the strap metal processing direction ().472345. Device according to claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one measuring instrument () is arranged behind the annealing or heat treatment furnace () and ahead of a or ...

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Номер записи: 66
13-04-2017 дата публикации

Molten metal temperature control method

Номер: US20170102185A1
Автор: Daisuke Sakuma
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A molten metal temperature control method includes: with respect to relations among a spheroidization distance traveled by a molten metal of an alloy from a nozzle tip to a position where the molten metal turns into droplets, the temperature of the molten metal inside the crucible, and a pressure acting on the molten metal inside the crucible, obtaining a relation between the temperature and the spheroidization distance at a predetermined pressure, and setting a predetermined temperature range of the temperature; measuring a spheroidization distance when discharging the molten metal from the crucible at the predetermined pressure, and specifying a temperature corresponding to the measured spheroidization distance; and comparing the specified temperature and the predetermined temperature range, and when the specified temperature is outside the predetermined temperature range, controlling the specified temperature so as to be within the predetermined temperature range by adjusting the temperature inside the crucible.

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Номер записи: 67
04-04-2019 дата публикации

Induction furnace and method for carrying out a heat treatment of a dental replacement part

Номер: US20190101332A1
Автор: Christian Schmidt, Michael BAURER
Принадлежит: Dentsply Sirona Inc

The invention relates to an induction furnace for carrying out a heat treatment of a dental replacement part, comprising an induction coil, a radiant heater, an insulation layer and a furnace chamber. The induction furnace has a cooling system with a liquid cooling system in order to control an internal temperature of the furnace chamber.

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Номер записи: 68
04-04-2019 дата публикации

SOLIDIFYING DEVICE

Номер: US20190101333A1
Автор: Chien Jung-Chen, Liang Muh-Wang, Lin Yi-Jiun, TUNG Fu-Ching
Принадлежит: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

A solidifying device is for solidifying a substrate which includes a middle and two side portions. The thermostability of the middle portion is greater than that of the side portions. The solidifying device includes a housing, a heating member, a temperature control air-floating member and a conveyor. The housing defines a working space. The heating member is in the working space. The substrate has a heat receiving surface facing the heating member. The temperature control air-floating member is in the working space and below the heating member. The conveyor is for transporting the substrate into the working space and between the temperature control air-floating member and the heating member. The heating member is for providing heat to the substrate. The temperature control air-floating member is for supplying air towards the substrate to allow the substrate to float in the working space and form a high-temperature and two low-temperature areas. 1. A solidifying device , configured for solidifying a substrate , the substrate comprising a middle portion and two side portions , the thermostability of the middle portion being greater than the thermostability of the side portions , the solidifying device comprising:a housing, defining a working space;a heating member, disposed in the working space, the substrate having a heat receiving surface facing the heating member;a temperature control air-floating member, disposed in the working space, the heating member being located above the temperature control air-floating member; anda conveyor, configured for carrying and transporting the substrate into the working space to position the substrate between the temperature control air-floating member and the heating member, the heating member being configured for providing heat to the substrate, the temperature control air-floating member being configured for supplying air towards the substrate in order to allow the substrate to float in the working space and form a high- ...

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Номер записи: 69
21-04-2016 дата публикации

HOT SURFACE IGNITERS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

Номер: US20160109125A1
Автор: Fernandez Frederick Taylor, Willkens Craig Andrew
Принадлежит:

A method of making a hot surface igniter is described. A silicon carbide composition that includes both fines fraction and a coarse fraction is sintered in a nitrogen and argon reducing atmosphere in a manner that controls the incorporation of nitrogen with in the lattice of recrystallized silicon carbide. The controlled incorporation of nitrogen in the lattice provides enhanced control over heating and electrical properties, while simultaneously achieving a lower surface area fully recrystallized structure for oxidation resistance and long service life. 1. A method of making a sintered hot surface igniter body , comprising:providing an unsintered, hot surface igniter body comprising silicon carbide, wherein the unsintered hot surface igniter body has a green density of greater than about 70 percent of a theoretical maximum density;sintering the unsintered hot surface igniter in a reducing atmosphere comprising nitrogen in an amount ranging from about 20 mole percent to about 80 mole percent of the reducing atmosphere to yield a sintered hot surface igniter body, wherein the sintered hot surface igniter body has a post sintering density that differs from the green density by no more than about five (5) percent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the green density is less than about 95 percent of the maximum theoretical density.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon carbide in the unsintered hot surface igniter body comprises a fines portion and a coarse portion claim 1 , and the coarse portion comprises at least about 20 percent by weight of the silicon carbide in the first composition.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the coarse portion has a D50 particle size of from about 50 microns to about 300 microns.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the fines portion has a D50 particle size of from about 0.5 microns to about 10 microns.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the fines portion has a surface area of at greater than 1 m/g.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 70
20-04-2017 дата публикации

SUBMERGED COMBUSTION FURNACE FOR PRODUCING FRIT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FRIT

Номер: US20170108273A1
Автор: NEBOT APARICI Antonio, SALAZAR CASAS Arturo, SERENI Sergio, Tamburini Andrea, VICIEDO MOMPO Héctor
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a submerged combustion furnace for melting ceramic frits by means of a submerged combustion process, said furnace comprising at least one control loop with feedback of the overall weight regulating at least one process variable of the furnace for producing ceramic frit. 2. The submerged combustion furnace (SCF) for melting ceramic frits , characterized in that the at least one process variable (X) of the at least one regulating system is selected from at least:{'b': '4', 'the raw material (RM) feed () into the furnace,'}{'b': '3', 'the molten material (MM) outlet () from the furnace, and'}{'b': '5', 'the fusion energy supply () to the furnace.'}3. The submerged combustion furnace (SCF) for melting ceramic frits according to claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one regulating system is configured to:{'b': '3', 'regulate the at least one process variable (X), such at least one process variable (X) being the molten material (MM) outlet () from the furnace, and'}{'b': '4', 'keep constant the raw material (RM) feed () into the furnace.'}4. The submerged combustion furnace (SCF) for melting ceramic frits according to claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one regulating system is configured to:{'b': '4', 'regulate the at least one process variable (X), such at least one process variable (X) being the raw material (RM) feed () into the furnace, and'}{'b': '3', 'keep constant the molten material (MM) outlet () from the furnace.'}55. The submerged combustion furnace (SCF) for melting ceramic frits according to or claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one regulating system is additionally configured to keep constant the fusion energy supply () to the furnace.6. The submerged combustion furnace (SCF) for melting ceramic frits according to claim 2 , characterized in that the at least one regulating system is configured to:{'b': '5', 'regulate the at least one process variable (X), such at least one process variable (X) being ...

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Номер записи: 71
30-04-2015 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING EXCESS AIR IN A FURNACE

Номер: US20150118631A1
Автор: Roy Wiliam J., Thompson Kevin D., Tournier Eric E.
Принадлежит:

A device and method of controlling excess air during and after ignition of a gas furnace by operating a variable speed combustion blower assembly at an initial speed; operating a gas valve assembly and a burner assembly to initiate an ignition sequence; operating the variable speed combustion blower assembly at an increasing plurality of speeds until an excess air measurement is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and operating the variable speed combustion blower assembly at a steady state airflow rate to maintain the excess air measurement at the predetermined value. 1. A method of controlling excess air in a gas furnace including a variable speed combustion blower assembly , a controller , a burner assembly , at least one air proving switch , and a gas valve assembly , the method comprising the steps of:(a) operating the variable speed combustion blower assembly at an initial airflow rate;(b) operating the gas valve assembly and the burner assembly to initiate an ignition sequence;(c) operating the at least one air proving switch to determine an excess air measurement;(d) operating the variable speed combustion blower assembly at a plurality of increasing speeds until the excess air measurement is less than or equal to a predetermined value; and(e) operating the variable speed combustion blower assembly at a steady state airflow rate to maintain the excess air measurement at the predetermined value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the initial airflow rate comprises a predetermined airflow rate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined speed is less than or equal to approximately 10 cubic feet per hour per British Thermal Unit.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the initial airflow rate comprises a variable airflow rate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of increasing speeds are such to maintain the initial airflow rate.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined value is less than or equal to approximately 40% excess ...

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Номер записи: 72
26-04-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING HEATING OF BASE WITHIN CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION CHAMBER

Номер: US20180112919A1
Автор: Guo Quanyong, Lee Steven Tianxiao, Liu Yingbin, Tian Baoxia
Принадлежит:

Provided are an apparatus and a method for controlling the heating of the base within a chemical vapour deposition chamber, which apparatus is applicable to an MOCVD reaction chamber. The apparatus comprises a heater located within a chamber; a tray located near the heater within the chamber and spaced apart from the heater and used for carrying the base; a first temperature control unit coupled with a surface of the tray for carrying the base and used for measuring the temperature of the tray surface and outputting a first control signal as a function of a set temperature and the temperature of the tray surface; and a second temperature control unit connected to the first temperature control unit and used for measuring the temperature of the middle of the area between the tray and the heater, and also for outputting a second control signal as a function of the first control signal and the temperature of the middle, with the heater being coupled with the second temperature control unit to heat according to the second control signal. Further provided is a method for controlling the heating of the base within a chemical vapour deposition chamber. A steady base temperature can be obtained via the apparatus. 1. A method for controlling heating of a substrate in a chemical vapor deposition chamber , wherein a heater and a tray are provided in the chemical vapor deposition chamber , the tray is located near the heater and spaced apart from the heater and is configured to support the substrate , the method comprises following steps:setting a set temperature value;measuring a first actual temperature of a surface of the tray which supports the substrate;generating a first control signal based on a difference between the set temperature value and the first actual temperature;converting the first control signal into a set intermediate temperature value;measuring a second actual temperature of an area between the surface of the tray and the heater;generating a second control ...

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Номер записи: 73
28-04-2016 дата публикации

SENSOR STRUCTURE HAVING INCREASED THERMAL STABILITY

Номер: US20160118066A1
Автор: Nikolaev Konstantin, Patwari Mohammed, Pokhil Taras, Singleton Eric, Stankiewicz Andrzej
Принадлежит:

A reader sensor having a dusting layer having a thickness less than 5 Angstroms between and in contact with the AFM layer and with the pinned layer. The dusting layer comprises a non-magnetic, electrically conducting material, such as ruthenium or iridium. The reader sensor has a free layer composed of a material free of nickel (Ni). 1. A method comprising:providing a sensor stack having a dusting layer between and in contact with an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer and a pinned layer, and a free layer composed of a material free of nickel, the dusting layer having a thickness less than 5 Angstroms and comprising a non-magnetic electrically conducting material; andannealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 325° C.2. The method of wherein annealing the sensor stack comprises:annealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 350° C.3. The method of wherein annealing the sensor stack comprises:annealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 375° C.4. The method of wherein annealing the sensor stack comprises:annealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 400° C.5. The method of wherein the dusting laser of the sensor stack comprises at least one of Ru or Ir.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the free layer of the sensor stack comprises CoFeTa claim 1 , CoFeB claim 1 , or CoTa.7. A method comprising:providing a reader sensor stack having an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer, a pinned layer, a non-magnetic electrically conducting dusting layer having a thickness no greater than 5 Angstroms between and in contact with the AFM layer and the pinned layer, and a free layer composed of a material free of nickel; andannealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 325° C.8. The method of wherein annealing the sensor stack comprises:annealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 350° C.9. The method of wherein annealing the sensor stack comprises:annealing the sensor stack at a temperature of at least 375° C.10. The method of wherein ...

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Номер записи: 74
09-04-2020 дата публикации

THERMOCHEMICAL REGENERATION WITH SOOT FORMATION

Номер: US20200109853A1
Автор: Kobayashi Hisashi, Wu Kuang-Tsai
Принадлежит:

Operation of a thermochemical regenerator to generate soot or to increase the amount of soot generated improves the performance of a furnace with which the thermochemical regenerator is operated. 1. A method of carrying out combustion in a furnace , comprising(A) combusting fuel in a furnace to produce gaseous combustion products, and(B) alternately (1) (i) passing gaseous combustion products from the furnace into and through a cooled first regenerator to heat the first regenerator and cool said gaseous combustion products,(ii) passing at least a portion of said cooled portion of gaseous combustion products from said first regenerator, and hydrocarbon fuel, into a heated second regenerator,(iii) reacting the gaseous combustion products and the fuel in the second regenerator in an endothermic reaction under conditions effective to form syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide and to form soot which is entrained in the syngas, and thereby cooling the second regenerator; and '(2) (i) passing a portion of the gaseous combustion products from the furnace into and through a cooled second regenerator to heat the second regenerator and cool said portion of the gaseous combustion products,', '(iv) passing said syngas and entrained soot from said second regenerator into said furnace and combusting the syngas and entrained soot in the furnace with one or more oxidant streams injected into said furnace; and'}(ii) passing at least a portion of said cooled portion of gaseous combustion products from said second regenerator, and hydrocarbon fuel, into a heated first regenerator,(iii) reacting the gaseous combustion products and the fuel in the first regenerator in an endothermic reaction under conditions effective to form syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide and to form soot which is entrained in the syngas, and thereby cooling the first regenerator, and(iv) passing said syngas and entrained soot from said first regenerator into said furnace and combusting the ...

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Номер записи: 75
03-05-2018 дата публикации

Systems And Methods For Controlling A Vacuum Arc Remelting Furnace Based On Power Input

Номер: US20180120029A1
Автор: Underys Algirdas
Принадлежит: A. Finkl & Sons Co.

A control system for a vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process for a metal includes a direct current (DC) power source, a ram drive, voltage drip short sensor, and a controller, which includes a processor. The drip short sensor may be configured to measure a drip short frequency of the electric arc over a period of time. The controller is configured to determine a real time arc gap length between the electrode tip and the melt pool based on a correlation between the drip short frequency and arc gap length. The controller is further configured to control power input to the electrode by the DC power supply by determining an input power level to input to the electrode based on the real time arc gap length, the input power level configured to generate a desired arc gap length, by the DC power supply, at the input power level. 1. A control system for a vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process for a metal , the VAR process utilizing a VAR furnace , the VAR furnace including a crucible in which an ingot formed of the metal is formed , a ram operatively associated with an electrode formed of the metal , a vacuum chamber , and a vacuum source associated with the vacuum chamber , the system comprising:a direct current (DC) power source operatively associated with the electrode and configured to produce an electric arc between an electrode tip of the electrode and a melt pool of the ingot;a ram drive operatively associated with the ram and configured to drive the ram;a drip short sensor configured to measure a drip short frequency of the electric arc over a period of time; and determine a real time arc gap length between the electrode tip and the melt pool, using the drip short frequency over the period of time measured by the drip short sensor, using a gap determination module, the gap determination module determining the real time arc gap length based on a correlation between the drip short frequency and arc gap length,', 'control ram velocity of the ram using a ram control module, the ...

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Номер записи: 76
04-05-2017 дата публикации

Oxidation furnace

Номер: US20170122664A1
Автор: Lars Meinecke
Принадлежит: EISENMANN SE

An oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers having a housing which is gas-tight, apart from passage areas for the fibers, and a process chamber located in the interior of the housing. A hot working atmosphere can be generated by an atmosphere-generating device, can be blown into the process chamber and flows through the process chamber in processing conditions in a main direction of flow. Deflecting rollers guide the fibers through the process chamber in a serpentine manner in such a way that the fibers lie next to one another as a fiber carpet ( 22 a ), wherein the fiber carpet spans a plane between opposite deflecting rollers. A flow measuring system is provided, by means of which a flow profile of the working atmosphere in processing conditions can be generated, and which comprises at least one sensor system for determining the speed of flow, the sensor system being arranged in a sensor region between two adjacent fiber carpets.

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Номер записи: 77
25-08-2022 дата публикации

FABRICATION OF CERAMICS FROM CELESTIAL MATERIALS USING MICROWAVE SINTERING AND MECHANICAL COMPRESSION

Номер: US20220268524A1
Автор: Sercel Joel C., Small James G.
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for fabrication of ceramics from celestial materials using microwave sintering and mechanical compression for space mining applications are disclosed. In one aspect, a chamber for sintering loose mineral material into solid ceramic shapes includes a plurality of zirconia insulting plates configured to clamp the mineral material and forming a cavity in which the mineral loose material is contained, and at least one dipole array configured to generate microwave energy and apply the microwave energy to the mineral material. 1. A chamber for sintering loose mineral material into solid ceramic shapes , comprising:a plurality of zirconia insulting plates configured to clamp the mineral material and forming a cavity in which the mineral material is contained; andat least one dipole array configured to generate microwave energy and apply the microwave energy to the loose mineral material, thereby sintering the material into a solid ceramic having the shape of the cavity.2. The chamber of claim 1 , further comprising:a mechanical vice configured to apply uniaxial pressure to the mineral material via at least two of the zirconia insulating plates.3. The chamber of claim 2 , further comprising:a pair of pusher plates, each of the pusher plates arranged between the mechanical vice and one of the zirconia insulating plates.4. The chamber of claim 3 , further comprising:a pair of alumina ceramic plate, each of the alumina ceramic plates arranged between one of the pusher plates and one of the zirconia insulating plates.5. The chamber of claim 1 , wherein the at least one dipole array comprises a first dipole array positioned above the cavity and a second dipole array positioned below the cavity.6. The chamber of claim 5 , wherein the first and second dipole arrays are polarized orthogonally to each other.7. The chamber of claim 1 , wherein the at least one dipole array is embedded in at least one of the zirconia insulating plates.8. The chamber of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 78
25-04-2019 дата публикации

Oven for cooking / regenerating foods with dynamic multilevel cooking / regeneration system

Номер: US20190120498A1
Автор: Marco Ferroni, Moreno Zanchetta
Принадлежит: Ali Group SRL, LAINOX ALI SPA

Oven for the cooking/regeneration of food with a dynamic multi-level cooking/regeneration system with a multi-level cooking/regeneration chamber having at least two cooking/regeneration levels and wherein at least one timer and detecting sensors of cooking/regeneration parameters, such as at least temperature and/or humidity, are associated with each level, the oven being provided with a cooking/regeneration system that through a command and control interface enables the setting, the management and the control of at least two timers for at least one level of the oven.

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Номер записи: 79
16-04-2020 дата публикации

SENSOR SYSTEM UPGRADE KIT FOR CONVEYORIZED OVEN

Номер: US20200120757A1
Автор: Kazmierowicz Casimir Walter, Kazmierowicz Philip Casimir
Принадлежит:

A kit for retrofitting an oven processing system can be used to upgrade temperature monitoring capability. The oven processing system includes an oven and a conveyor belt. The oven defines a heated tunnel. The conveyor belt travels through the tunnel along a lateral axis. The kit at least includes a plurality of sensor modules. The sensor modules are elongate bodies with a sensing end that is mounted inside the oven. The sensor modules individually include a gas conduit and an electrical cable. The gas conduit is coupled to a pressurized source of gas. The electrical cable is coupled to a data acquisition unit that is located outside of the heated tunnel. 1. An oven processing system comprising:an oven having a heated tunnel passing laterally therethrough;a conveyor belt that travels laterally through the heated tunnel along a first axis; [ an enclosure containing a substrate and a thermopile lens, the substrate having a first side and a second side, the first side having a thermopile configured to output a first signal indicative of a surface temperature of an object on the conveyor belt relative to the substrate, the second side having a temperature sensor configured to output a second signal indicative of a temperature of the substrate, the thermopile lens overlying the thermopile and aligned with an opening in the enclosure;', 'a housing enclosing the enclosure and including an opening aligned with the thermopile lens to allow infrared light from the object to reach the thermopile;', 'a gas conduit coupled to the housing; and', 'an electrical cable coupled to the substrate;, 'a plurality of sensor modules individually including, 'a data acquisition unit coupled to the electrical cable that receives the first and second signals from the sensor modules and outputs information indicative of a surface temperature of the object; and', 'a source of pressurized gas coupled to the gas conduit whereby gas flows through the conduit, to the housing, and out the opening in ...

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Номер записи: 80
11-05-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR HEAT TREATMENT, HEAT TREATMENT APPARATUS, AND HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEM

Номер: US20170130287A1
Автор: KANDA Kiichi, Takahashi Shinichi
Принадлежит:

A method for heat treatment, a heat treatment apparatus, and a heat treatment system that is capable of performing highly precise and efficient control of heat treatment. A heat treatment furnace has in-furnace structures made of graphite and has a heat-treatment chamber in which heat treatment of materials to be treated is performed. A value of ΔG(standard formation Gibbs energy) is computed with reference to the sensor information from respective sensors, and an Ellingham diagram, a control range, and a status of the heat treatment furnace in operation expressed by ΔGare displayed on a display device. A control unit controls a flow rate of neutral gas or inactive gas as atmosphere gas or a flow velocity of the gas so that ΔGis within the control range. 1. A heat treatment apparatus for a heat treatment , which is at least one of a bright heat treatment , a thermal refining treatment , a hardening/tempering treatment , brazing , and sintering , comprising:a heat treatment furnace configured to heat-treat a material to be treated;a gas supply device comprising a flow control valve for supplying atmosphere gas constituted of neutral gas or inactive gas to the heat treatment furnace;a control system configured to control a flow rate from the gas supply device by referring to sensor information from a plurality of sensors for detecting a status of heat treatment in the heat treatment furnace, anda terminal device that displays a display data via a communication line and transmits control information for controlling the control system;wherein the heat treatment furnace has in-furnace structures made of graphite such that the heat treatment can be carried out in a low-oxygen atmosphere gas,wherein the control system comprises:{'sup': '0', 'sub': '2', 'a standard formation Gibbs energy computation unit configured to calculate standard formation Gibbs energy (ΔG) of the atmosphere gas in the heat treatment furnace in reaction of 2C+O−2CO by referring to information from a ...

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Номер записи: 81
21-05-2015 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD TO CONTROL THE CHARGE IN ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES

Номер: US20150139267A1
Автор: Della Vedova Ferruccio, Ometto Marco
Принадлежит:

Device to control the feed of the metal charge in an electric arc furnace, comprising a conveyor associated at the end to a feed mouth provided in said electric arc furnace and, in cooperation with the conveyor, at least a system to detect the point-by-point profile of the metal charge present on the conveyor. 113.-. (canceled)14. A device for feeding a metal charge into an electric arc furnace , comprising:a conveyor to transport the metal charge into the electric arc furnace,at least two loading devices disposed along the conveyor,a detection system to detect a profile of the metal charge on the conveyor, anda control system in a communication with the loading devices and the detection system,wherein the control system is configured to selectively activate at least one of the loading devices to load additional metal charge onto the conveyor based on the profiles of the metal charge on the conveyor.15. The device of claim 14 , wherein the detection system further comprises at least an X-ray detection system.16. The device of claim 15 , wherein the detection system further comprises a height control system configured to control the maximum height of the metal charge on the conveyor.17. The device of claim 14 , wherein the detection system comprises at least a laser brushing system.18. The device of claim 14 , wherein the loading devices further comprise:at least two cranes and at least two gantries, andat least two loading hoppers having interception devices,wherein the loading hoppers are disposed along the conveyor and configured to load a predetermined quantity of metal charge.19. The device of claim 14 , wherein the loading devices further comprise:a hopper,a belt to supply a metal charge to the hopper, anda closing device configured to selectively release the metal charge in the hopper.20. A method to feed a metal charge into an electric arc furnace claim 14 , comprisingdetecting profiles of the metal charge on a conveyor, andselectively loading additional ...

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Номер записи: 82
01-09-2022 дата публикации

Dental Furnace

Номер: US20220276003A1
Автор: Jussel Rudolf, Müller Domink, Schlegel Manuel
Принадлежит:

A dental oven for treatment of dental materials having one or more electric heating elements which extends adjacent to a heating space and is controlled by a heating controller. The heating controller regulates the temperature in the heating chamber and includes an output terminal for the heating element and an input terminal for temperature detection, which is electrically connected to a temperature detecting device, wherein the temperature detecting device has the one or more heating elements. The temperature sensing device includes a compensation device for compensation of nonlinearities at temperatures above 700° C. or in nonlinearities of the resistance of the heating element. The heating controller controls its output port based on the detected resistance of the heating element and on the compensation device. 1. A dental oven comprising{'b': 16', '12', '44, 'at least one electric heating element () which extends adjacent to a heating chamber () and is controlled by a heating control (),'}{'b': 44', '12', '16', '16, 'wherein the heating control () regulates the temperature in the heating chamber () and has an output connection for the at least one electric heating element () and an input connection for detecting the temperature of the at least one electric heating element (),'}{'b': 22', '22', '16, 'wherein the input connection is electrically connected to a temperature detecting device (), wherein the temperature detecting device () comprises the at least one electric heating element (),'}{'b': 22', '50', '22, 'wherein the temperature detecting device () comprises a compensation device () configured to compensate for nonlinearities at temperatures above 400° C. detected by the temperature detecting device (), and'}{'b': 44', '16', '16', '16', '18', '50, 'wherein the heating controller () controls the output connection based on the detected resistance of the at least one electric heating element () or a part of the at least one electric heating element () or ...

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Номер записи: 83
01-09-2022 дата публикации

Systems and methods for vacuum furnace post-processing

Номер: US20220276006A1
Автор: Guolin Oo
Принадлежит: Raytheon Technologies Corp

A method of generating a loaded layout in a vacuum furnace corresponding to an actual layout in the vacuum furnace during operation of the vacuum furnace may comprise receiving, via a processor, a visual data of a loading process of the vacuum furnace from a camera; comparing, via the processor, the visual data to a predetermined maximum capacity layout for the vacuum furnace; and arranging, via the processor, the visual data into the loaded layout in response to comparing the visual data.

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Номер записи: 84
18-05-2017 дата публикации

RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY APPARATUS, RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY METHOD AND FLASH SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20170138668A1
Автор: KAWASAKI Tomoya, MOTOMURA Tatsuya, TOJIMA Eiji, YASUDA Yutaka
Принадлежит: PAN PACIFIC COPPER CO., LTD.

A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace, includes: a raw material passage that is provided out of a lance through which the first gas passes, the raw material passing through the raw material passage; and an adjuster that adjusts a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas to the raw material passing through the raw material passage. 1. A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace , comprising:a lance through which the first gas passes;a raw material passage concentric with the lance, the raw material passage having an upper end and a lower end;a supply portion that supplies the raw material to the raw material passage;an adjuster surrounding the raw material passage and spaced above the lower end of the raw material passage, the adjuster adjusting a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas into the raw material passage.2. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the adjuster has a plurality of pipe lines that blow the second gas to the raw material.3. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising:a measuring device that measures the distribution of the raw material; anda controller that controls an amount of the second gas blown from each of the plurality of pipe lines to the raw material based on a measurement result of the measuring device.4. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the supply portion supplies the raw material to the raw material passage from two directions.5. A flash smelting furnace comprising:a raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into the flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction ...

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Номер записи: 85
08-09-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR COOLING A HEATING APPARATUS

Номер: US20220282922A1
Автор: Chachulski Rafal, Miller Jeremy, Rosagro Joe
Принадлежит:

A method of cooling a heating apparatus includes a heating chamber. The method includes accumulating condensate in the heating chamber, monitoring a pressure in the heating chamber, and controlling the pressure in the heating chamber by venting the heating chamber to thereby controllably permit vaporisation of the condensate that cools the heating chamber. The pressure is controlled to maintain a rate of cooling of the heating chamber within a predetermined range. A heating installation is configured to perform the method. A cooling unit may be connected to a heating apparatus to cool the heating apparatus using the method. A method may be used for retrofitting the cooling unit to a heating apparatus to form the heating installation. 1. A method of cooling a heating apparatus comprising a heating chamber , the method comprising:accumulating condensate in the heating chamber;monitoring a pressure in the heating chamber;controlling the pressure in the heating chamber by venting the heating chamber to thereby controllably permit vaporisation of the condensate that cools the heating chamber;wherein the pressure is controlled to maintain a rate of cooling of the heating chamber within a predetermined range.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein vapour is vented in a first phase until the pressure in the heating chamber is reduced to a threshold pressure; and wherein the method comprises activating a pressure reducer in response to reaching the threshold pressure claim 1 , to reduce the pressure in the heating chamber below the threshold pressure in a second phase claim 1 , in order to further control the vaporisation of the condensate.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein accumulating the condensate comprises receiving vapour from a vapour supply claim 1 , condensing the vapour in a heat exchanger and supplying the condensate to the heating chamber claim 1 , and optionally wherein the vapour supply is the same vapour supply as is used in a previous heating ...

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Номер записи: 86
09-05-2019 дата публикации

Device and method for sensing a conveying rate of a liquid material

Номер: US20190136334A1
Автор: Alexander Bergs, Andreas Schuering, Peter Starke
Принадлежит: SMS group GmbH

The invention relates to a device and to a method for sensing a conveying rate at which liquid material is filled into a metallurgical target vessel ( 6 ) from a pivotable starting vessel ( 4 ). For this purpose, means for determining an amount of liquid material with which the initial vessel ( 4 ) has been filled and means for sensing an amount of the liquid material which is discharged toward the target vessel ( 6 ) or filled into the target vessel ( 6 ) by pivoting of the starting vessel ( 4 ) are provided.

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Номер записи: 87
10-06-2021 дата публикации

OVEN APPLIANCE HAVING A HUMIDITY SENSOR

Номер: US20210172610A1
Автор: Armstrong James Lee, Weidner Jordan Kyle
Принадлежит:

An oven appliance, as provided herein, may include a cabinet, a ventilation fan, a sensor enclosure, a humidity sensor, and a sensor fan. The cabinet may define a cooking chamber and an oven vent downstream therefrom to direct an exhaust flow from the cooking chamber. The ventilation fan may be mounted to the cabinet downstream from the oven vent. The sensor enclosure may be mounted to the cabinet outside of the cooking chamber. The sensor enclosure may define an enclosed volume. The sensor enclosure may further define an active flow entrance and an active flow exit in fluid communication with the enclosed volume. The humidity sensor may be disposed within the enclosed volume. The sensor fan may be attached to the cabinet outside of the cooking chamber and upstream from the ventilation fan. 1. An oven appliance defining a mutually-orthogonal vertical direction , lateral direction , and transverse direction , the oven appliance comprising:a cabinet extending along the vertical direction between a top end and a bottom end, the cabinet extending in the transverse direction from a front end to a rear end, the cabinet defining a cooking chamber and an oven vent downstream therefrom to direct an exhaust flow from the cooking chamber;a ventilation fan mounted to the cabinet downstream from the oven vent;a sensor enclosure mounted to the cabinet outside of the cooking chamber, the sensor enclosure defining an enclosed volume, the sensor enclosure further defines an active flow entrance and an active flow exit in fluid communication with the enclosed volume;a humidity sensor disposed within the enclosed volume; anda sensor fan attached to the cabinet outside of the cooking chamber and upstream from the ventilation fan.2. The oven appliance of claim 1 , wherein the humidity sensor is spaced apart from the oven vent in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.3. The oven appliance of claim 2 , wherein the humidity sensor is spaced apart from the oven vent along the ...

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Номер записи: 88
08-09-2022 дата публикации

Power Supply Device And Power Supply Method For Direct Current Electric Arc Furnace

Номер: US20220286036A1
Автор: HUANG Qiming, Tan Cunzhen, YANG Ningchuan, Zhang Yuchuan
Принадлежит: CISDI Research & Development Co., LTD

The present invention provides a power supply device and a power supply method for a DC electric arc furnace, wherein the power supply device comprises phase-shifting rectifier transformers, rectifying units and a regulator; through a structural design of a plurality of branches and a plurality of rectifying units at an output end of each phase-shifting rectifier transformer, and a structural design that outputs of the plurality of rectifying units are connected in parallel and then connected to a power supply short network of a DC electric arc furnace through bus bars, a current output topological structure is formed, which can provide a stable large current for one electrode assembly, and a plurality of current output topological structures can supply power to a plurality of electrode assemblies, so that requirement of a larger power supply current of the DC electric arc furnace can be satisfied; positions of top electrodes are judged and adjusted by the regulator according to real-time working parameters, which ensures that a lifting mechanism of the top electrodes can steadily perform the function of stabilizing arc burning for a long time; at the same time, output voltages and output currents of the rectifying units are adjusted by the regulator according to feedback of the real-time working parameters, so as to provide stable electric energy for the DC electric arc furnace. 1. A power supply device for a DC electric arc furnace , characterized by comprising: an input end of each phase-shifting rectifier transformer is connected to a power grid, a plurality of branches are led out from an output end of the phase-shifting rectifier transformer, each branch is respectively connected to one of the rectifying units, and outputs of a plurality of rectifying units are connected in parallel and then connected to a power supply short network of a DC electric arc furnace through bus bars, so that a current output topological structure is formed; an alternating current ...

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Номер записи: 89
24-05-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS CONTROLLER HAVING ADJUSTABLE PARAMETERS

Номер: US20180143595A1
Автор: Roberts Samuel
Принадлежит: Eurotherm Limited

Automatically generating a compensation factor for adjusting an operating parameter such that a measured carbon potential, dew point, or other controlled parameter matches the controller's set point value by inputting the measured parameter directly to the controller. 1. A system comprising:a heat treatment furnace;a controller coupled to the furnace for controlling one or more operating parameters thereof; anda user human machine interface coupled to the controller;wherein the controller includes a memory storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, generate a compensation factor, the controller adjusting at least one of the one or more operating parameters based on the compensation factor, the computer-executable instructions comprising:transforming a numerical equation for calculating the compensation factor into a homogeneous form;initializing the transformed equation based on a set of initial values;iteratively solving the transformed equation to determine a value of the compensation factor that minimizes a difference between a set point value of at least one of the operating parameters and a measured value of the at least one of the operating parameters.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the compensation factor is one or more of the following: CO factor claim 1 , H2 factor claim 1 , process factor claim 1 , zone factor claim 1 , gas factor claim 1 , furnace factor claim 1 , and calibration factor.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the operating parameters is carbon potential.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the operating parameters is dew point.5. The system of claim 1 , the computer-executable instructions further comprising overwriting a previous value of the compensation factor with the determined value of the compensation factor upon receiving claim 1 , via the user human machine interface claim 1 , an indication that the determined value of the compensation factor is acceptable.6. The system of ...

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Номер записи: 90
04-06-2015 дата публикации

CRUCIBLE HEATING APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20150153108A1
Автор: Lee Kuan-Cheng, Zhang Xindi
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure proposes crucible heating apparatus. In embodiment 1, the apparatus includes a crucible, a metal barrel around the crucible, a heating wire wound between the metal barrel and the crucible, a measuring unit for measuring the position of the liquid level of a material in the crucible and a controller, and the apparatus is characterized in that the heating wire includes at least two subsections arranged along the longitudinal direction, and the controller controls the heating power of each subsection respectively, thus dividing the crucible into at least two corresponding temperature control zones. In such a manner, by disposing a plurality of subsections of the heating wire and the corresponding temperature control zones of the crucible, the temperature of each position of the crucible is accurately controlled. The present disclosure also proposes a crucible heating method. 1. Crucible heating apparatus , including a crucible , a metal barrel placed around the crucible , a heating wire wound between the metal barrel and the crucible , a measuring unit for measuring the position of the liquid level of a material in the crucible , and a controller ,wherein the heating wire includes at least two subsections arranged along the longitudinal direction, and the controller controls the heating power of each subsection respectively, thus dividing the crucible into at least two corresponding temperature control zones.2. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the coils of the heating wire are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction.3. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a metal covering member is arranged at a first end of the metal barrel claim 1 , and a metal layer or a heat insulating layer is arranged at an opposite claim 1 , second end of the metal barrel.4. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the crucible is cylindrical in shape claim 1 , and the diameter of the crucible is less than 10 cm.5 ...

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Номер записи: 91
10-06-2021 дата публикации

REFLOW OVEN

Номер: US20210176867A1
Автор: CHEN Yuexin, ZHANG Dong
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure discloses a reflow oven for processing a circuit board, the reflow oven comprising a heating zone, a plurality of heating devices and a start-stop device. The heating zone comprises a plurality of heating sub-zones, the plurality of heating devices are arranged in corresponding heating sub-zones of the plurality of heating sub-zones, and each of the plurality of heating devices is configured such that a working temperature of the corresponding heating sub-zone is in a predetermined temperature interval. The start-stop device is configured to activate or deactivate the plurality of heating devices, and the start-stop device is configured in such a way that the start-stop device activates or deactivates the plurality of heating devices according to predetermined time intervals in a process during which the circuit board sequentially passes through the plurality of heating sub-zones, such that a working temperature of each of the plurality of heating sub-zones is in a corresponding predetermined temperature interval. The reflow oven according to the present disclosure can perform soldering and processing of large-sized circuit boards and prevent the occurrence of overheating in a hearth of the reflow oven. 1. A reflow oven for processing a circuit board , wherein the reflow oven comprises:a heating zone, wherein the heating zone comprises a plurality of heating sub-zones, and the plurality of heating sub-zones are sequentially arranged in a length direction of the reflow oven;a plurality of heating devices, wherein the plurality of heating devices are arranged in corresponding heating sub-zones of the plurality of heating sub-zones, and each of the plurality of heating devices is configured such that a working temperature of the corresponding heating sub-zone is in a predetermined temperature interval; anda start-stop device, wherein the start-stop device is configured to activate or deactivate the plurality of heating devices, and the start-stop ...

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Номер записи: 92
02-06-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF DETECTING ABNORMALITY AT BLAST FURNACE AND METHOD OF OPERATING BLAST FURNACE

Номер: US20160153062A1
Автор: Kodama Toshifumi, Morikawa Yasuyuki, Tanaka Yusuke, Yamahira Naoshi
Принадлежит: JFE STEEL CORPORATION

A method of detecting an abnormality in a blast furnace, wherein the abnormality causes clogging of a tuyere unit of the blast furnace, the method including capturing an image of a raceway unit through an in-furnace monitor window disposed at the tuyere unit; and determining that the abnormality has occurred when a brightness of the captured image is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness threshold and a rate of decrease in the brightness is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness-decrease-rate threshold. 15.-. (canceled)6. A method of detecting an abnormality in a blast furnace , wherein the abnormality causes clogging of a tuyere unit of the blast furnace , the method comprising:capturing an image of a raceway unit through an in-furnace monitor window disposed at the tuyere unit; anddetermining that the abnormality has occurred when a brightness of the captured image is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness threshold and a rate of decrease in the brightness is lower than or equal to a predetermined brightness-decrease-rate threshold.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the abnormality is determined to have occurred when a state where the brightness of the captured image remains lower than or equal to the brightness threshold continues for a predetermined time period from when the brightness arrives at or falls below the brightness threshold and the rate of decrease in brightness arrives at or falls below the brightness-decrease-rate threshold.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the rate of decrease in brightness is calculated using a least-square method on a basis of a plurality of past brightness data points.9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the brightness threshold is a value lower by a fixed ratio than a moving average of a plurality of past brightness data points claim 6 , which is used as a reference.10. A method of operating a blast furnace with the method according to claim 6 , comprising ...

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Номер записи: 93
16-05-2019 дата публикации

REAL-TIME CONTROL OF THE HEATING OF A PART BY A STEEL FURNACE OR HEAT TREATMENT FURNACE

Номер: US20190144961A1
Автор: Mitais Jean-Christophe
Принадлежит:

A method for controlled heating of a part by a steel furnace or a heat treatment furnace includes: obtaining a heating scheme defining a desired evolution of one or more indicators of a temperature of the part during heating in the furnace; providing the part to be heated to the furnace; three-dimensional digital modeling of the heating of the part, in real time and simultaneous to the heating of the part, the digital modeling being based on a discretization of a space containing the part into voxels and using current heating parameters of the furnace and a three-dimensional model of the part to be heated, the modeling including predicting the one or more indicators of the temperature of the part for a next reference time, the heating parameters of the furnace including the power, the temperature, or the settings of actuators; comparing the one or more indicators. 1: A method for controlled heating of a part by a steel furnace or a heat treatment furnace , comprising:obtaining a heating scheme defining a desired evolution of one or more indicators of a temperature of the part during heating in the furnace;providing the part to be heated to the furnace;three-dimensional digital modeling of the heating of the part, in real time and simultaneous to the heating of the part, the digital modeling being based on a discretization of a space containing the part into voxels and using current heating parameters of the furnace and a three-dimensional model of the part to be heated, the modeling comprising predicting the one or more indicators of the temperature of the part for a next reference time, the heating parameters of the furnace comprising the power, the temperature, or the settings of actuators;comparing the one or more indicators of the temperature of the part of the heating scheme with the one or more indicators of the temperature of the part that are predicted by the digital modeling for the next reference time; andfollowing the comparison, adjusting, if necessary, ...

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Номер записи: 94
31-05-2018 дата публикации

Furnace for dental prosthesis or partial dental prosthesis

Номер: US20180149430A1
Автор: Stephan Miller
Принадлежит: DEKEMA Dental Keramikoefen GmbH

A furnace for a dental prosthesis or a partial dental prosthesis, in particular for dental ceramic, comprising a firing chamber which can be heated and in particular can also be evacuated, a control device for controlling the operation of the furnace on the basis of a firing program, which is based on a set of parameter values, and an operator control unit, which is assigned to the control device and is designed to display a representation of the firing program in the form of a firing process curve, wherein the operator control unit can be used in a simplified operating mode in which it displays together with the firing process curve at least one operator control area for adjusting a selected parameter value of the set of parameter values that relates to a prescribed program phase of the firing program, wherein the at least one operator control area is permanently arranged in the area of the displayed firing process curve that corresponds to the prescribed program phase.

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Номер записи: 95
07-05-2020 дата публикации

METHOD OF MEASURING TEMPERATURE OF AN OBJECT TO BE MEASURED, DUST TEMPERATURE AND DUST CONCENTRATION

Номер: US20200141809A1
Автор: Shima Hirokazu, TAKATA Yoshiaki
Принадлежит:

A first radiance meter is directed toward an object to be measured, radiance is measured through a space where dust is present with the use of at least two wavelengths by the first radiance meter, second radiance meters which are equal in number to one or more objects having temperatures different from that of the object to be measured are directed toward the objects, radiances are measured through the space with the use of at least two wavelengths by the second radiance meters respectively, and a temperature of the object to be measured, a temperature of the dust, and concentration of the dust are measured from the radiances measured by the first radiance meter and the second radiance meters. 1. A method of measuring a temperature of an object to be measured , a temperature of dust , and concentration of the dust , comprising:directing a first radiance meter toward the object to be measured and measuring radiance through a space where the dust is present with the use of at least two wavelengths by the first radiance meter;directing second radiance meters, which are equal in number to one or more objects having temperatures different from that of the object to be measured, toward the objects, and measuring radiances through the space with the use of at least two wavelengths by the second radiance meters respectively; andmeasuring a temperature of the object to be measured, a temperature of the dust, and concentration of the dust from the radiances measured by the first radiance meter and the second radiance meters.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the objects are blackbody cavities.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the object to be measured is an object to be heated in a rotary kiln.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the objects are blackbody cavities.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the object is a discharge-end metal fitting of a rotary kiln.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the objects are two objects which ...

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Номер записи: 96
09-06-2016 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING COMBUSTION EXHAUST FOR REGENERATIVE HEATING FURNACE

Номер: US20160161119A1
Автор: AN Min Hwan, HAN Seung Hoon, JANG Byoung Lok
Принадлежит: SAC Co., Ltd.

Provided is a method of controlling combustion of a regenerative heating furnace. The method controlled includes: a first step of sensing the temperature inside the furnace by a temperature sensor inside the heating furnace; a second step of receiving the measured temperature value inside the furnace, comparing the measured temperature value with a set reference temperature value, and outputting, to a sequence controller, an analog signal corresponding to a difference between the measured temperature value inside the furnace and the set reference temperature value; a third step of controlling combustion, and amounts of fuel, air, and discharged combustion gas of each of the burners by the sequence controller by a program set according to the outputted value in the second step; a fourth step of measuring the pressure inside the heating furnace due to combustion gas according to a combustion load; a fifth step of comparing the measured pressure value with the reference pressure, and outputting, the sequence controller, an analog signal corresponding to a difference between the measured pressure value and the reference pressure; and a sixth step of controlling, according to the outputted value of the fifth step, the discharge amount of combustion gas set in the third step by the sequence controller. 1. A method for controlling combustion of a regenerative heating furnace the heating furnace having regenerative burners installed therein and being configured to control combustion amounts of the burners , amounts of fuel and combustion air supplied to the burners , and a discharge amount of combustion exhaust gas , the method comprising:a first step of sensing the temperature inside the furnace by a temperature sensor inside the heating furnace;a second step of receiving the measured temperature value inside the furnace, comparing the measured temperature value with a set reference temperature value, and outputting, to a sequence controller, an analog signal corresponding ...

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Номер записи: 97
22-09-2022 дата публикации

Systems and methods for treating a surface of a coke plant

Номер: US20220298423A1
Автор: Gary Dean WEST, John Francis Quanci, Mayela Carolina Fernandez
Принадлежит: SunCoke Technology and Development LLC

The present technology relates to systems and methods for reducing leaks in a system for coking coal. For example, some embodiments provide systems and method for treating a cracked or leaking surface in a system for coking coal. In particular, the present technology includes systems having one or more substances configured to reduce an airflow through one or more cracks by creating an at least partially impermeable patch. The present technology further includes methods for treating surfaces having one or more cracks to reduce an airflow through the one or more cracks.

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Номер записи: 98
08-06-2017 дата публикации

Method for exhaust gas treatment, and system comprising an exhaust gas treatment device

Номер: US20170160014A1
Автор: Franz-Josef Zurhove
Принадлежит: ELEX CEMCAT AG

A method for treating exhaust gas in an exhaust gas treatment device of a system may involve withdrawing exhaust gas from a processing device for mechanically and/or thermally processing an inorganic material of the system. The material to be fed to the processing device may be preheated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas. Further, a temperature of the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas treatment device may be adjusted by adapting the exchange of heat between the exhaust gas and the inorganic material. In some examples, the exhaust gas treatment device may comprise an oxidation catalytic converter and/or a reduction catalytic converter.

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Номер записи: 99
14-05-2020 дата публикации

METHOD OF DETERMINING CONVEYOR OVEN BELT SPEED

Номер: US20200150145A1
Автор: Barrett Todd Kent, Fey Larry, Goerzen Andrew Daniel, Moreau Miles, Wilshusen Ryan
Принадлежит:

A system and method is provided for determining a speed of a belt moving along a transport axis in conveyor oven tunnel. The method includes providing a sensor module, capturing signals, processing the signals, and outputting least one speed estimate. The sensor module is disposed upon the moving belt. The sensor module includes a first optical sensor and a second optical sensor. The optical sensors are spaced apart by a distance D along the transport axis. Capturing signals includes capturing first and second signals from the first and second sensors respectively as they are transported along the belt and within the oven tunnel. Processing the signals includes determining a delay ΔT between the signals. The speed estimate is based upon D divided by ΔT. 1. A method of determining a speed of a belt moving along a transport axis in a conveyor oven tunnel comprising:providing a sensor module disposed upon the moving belt, the sensor module including a first optical sensor and a second optical sensor, the optical sensors spaced apart by a distance D along the transport axis;capturing first and second signals from the first and second sensors respectively as they are transported along the belt and within the oven tunnel;process the first and second signals to determine a delay ΔT between the signals; andoutput at least one speed estimate for the belt based upon D/ΔT.2. The method of wherein providing the sensor module disposed upon the moving belt includes generally aligning the first and second optical sensors along the transport axis.3. The method of wherein the belt includes two narrow belts that are spaced apart along a lateral transverse axis that is perpendicular to the transport axis claim 2 , the sensor module is mounted to a pallet that constrains the orientation relative to the transport axis to align the sensors.4. The method of wherein the first and second optical sensors individually include a light emitting device and a detector claim 1 , the light emitting ...

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Номер записи: 100