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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 8990. Отображено 100.
15-03-2012 дата публикации

Process for quenching the effluent gas of a furnace

Номер: US20120060727A1
Автор: Dominique Viennet, Erwin Platvoet
Принадлежит: Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy SA

The present invention relates to a process for quenching the effluent gas of a furnace comprising: a) providing a furnace comprising a radiant zone enclosure means having a plurality of tubes disposed therein, an inlet means for introducing the process fluid into the tubes, means for exposing the external surface of the tubes to radiant heat for heating said process fluid and thereby produce an effluent gas, b) providing a quench zone having a plurality of quench tubes in which the effluent gas is passed and such as the inlet of one quench tube is connected to the outlet of one or more tubes of the radiant zone, c) recovering the effluent gas after it has been cooled in the quench tubes, wherein, at least a part of the quench tubes and advantageously all the quench tubes are tubes having means inside of it, on all the length or a part of the length, to promote turbulent flow by breaking the boundary film on the internal surface of the tube. The present invention also relates to a quench exchanger to carry out the above process.

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Номер записи: 1
03-05-2012 дата публикации

Vaporization chambers and associated methods

Номер: US20120103428A1
Автор: Bruce M. Wilding, Lee P. Shunn, Michael G. Mckellar, Terry D. Turner
Принадлежит: Battelle Energy Alliance Llc

A vaporization chamber may include at least one conduit and a shell. The at least one conduit may have an inlet at a first end, an outlet at a second end and a flow path therebetween. The shell may surround a portion of each conduit and define a chamber surrounding the portion of each conduit. Additionally, a plurality of discrete apertures may be positioned at longitudinal intervals in a wall of each conduit, each discrete aperture of the plurality of discrete apertures sized and configured to direct a jet of fluid into each conduit from the chamber. A liquid may be vaporized by directing a first fluid comprising a liquid into the inlet at the first end of each conduit, directing jets of a second fluid into each conduit from the chamber through discrete apertures in a wall of each conduit and transferring heat from the second fluid to the first fluid.

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Номер записи: 2
24-05-2012 дата публикации

Heat exchanger

Номер: US20120125578A1
Автор: Lars Persson
Принадлежит: Danfoss AS

The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger ( 9 ) with a plurality of heat exchanger plates ( 1, 13 ), each comprising at least one section showing indentations ( 2, 3, 14, 15 ), intended to be placed against corresponding indentations ( 2, 3, 14, 15 ) of a heat exchanger plate ( 1, 13 ) of a corresponding design. The heat exchanger ( 9 ) has a first type of indentations ( 2, 14 ) and a second type of indentations ( 3, 15 ), wherein the number of said first type of indentations ( 2, 14 ) and said second type of indentations ( 3, 15 ) are differing.

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Номер записи: 3
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Heat exchanger

Номер: US20120160465A1
Автор: Frederick Mark WEBB
Принадлежит: Individual

A heat exchanger comprises a primary flow path arranged to contain a first heat exchanging medium. A secondary flow path arranged to contain a secondary heat exchanging medium, wherein the primary flow path surrounds the secondary flow path for exchanging heat between the two paths.

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Номер записи: 4
19-07-2012 дата публикации

Axial flow heat exchanger devices and methods for heat transfer using axial flow devices

Номер: US20120180992A1
Автор: Jeffrey P. Koplow
Принадлежит: Sandia Corp

Systems and methods described herein are directed to rotary heat exchangers configured to transfer heat to a heat transfer medium flowing in substantially axial direction within the heat exchangers. Exemplary heat exchangers include a heat conducting structure which is configured to be in thermal contact with a thermal load or a thermal sink, and a heat transfer structure rotatably coupled to the heat conducting structure to form a gap region between the heat conducting structure and the heat transfer structure, the heat transfer structure being configured to rotate during operation of the device. In example devices heat may be transferred across the gap region from a heated axial flow of the heat transfer medium to a cool stationary heat conducting structure, or from a heated stationary conducting structure to a cool axial flow of the heat transfer medium.

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Номер записи: 5
26-07-2012 дата публикации

Transport membrane condenser using turbulence promoters

Номер: US20120186791A1
Автор: Eric Cheponis, Paul KT Liu, Richard J. Ciora, Jr.
Принадлежит: Individual

An apparatus and method for enhancing the heat and water recovery from a transport membrane condenser (TMC) includes a non-moving mechanical device inserted into the TMC tubes to increase the heat transfer efficiency via the enhancement of the fluid turbulence and/or surface area. The apparatus and methods may be applied to porous tubes arranged in a spaced array, similar to a conventional shell and tube heat exchanger device. Other configurations of the TMC may be conceived and adapted for use with the described apparatus and method.

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Номер записи: 6
26-07-2012 дата публикации

Architecturally And Thermally Improved Freeze Resistant Window Perimeter Radiator

Номер: US20120186792A1
Автор: Thomas Middleton Semmes
Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention is a room perimeter heating/cooling radiator that utilizes low to medium temperature heat transfer fluid in a new design with an enhanced ‘primary only’ heat transfer surface having an internal spiral or helix to circulate the water around the inside of the primary surface to enhance the heat transfer, and an internal conduit that provides both freeze protection and the ability to cross connect multiple identical radiators for increased efficiency. The primary intended location is within inches of the building windows.

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Номер записи: 7
06-09-2012 дата публикации

Tubular Condensers Having Tubes with External Enhancements

Номер: US20120222447A1
Автор: Phillip F. Daly, Raymond E. Tucker, Steven P. Lankton
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Improvements in tubes, which increase the heat exchange capacity of tubular heat exchangers using the tubes, are described. These improvements involve the use of one or more external surface enhancements, optionally combined with an internal enhancement and/or differing tube geometries. These improvements apply, for example, to internal condensers, including those in which the tube bundles are oriented vertically, in vapor-liquid contacting apparatuses such as distillation columns.

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Номер записи: 8
18-10-2012 дата публикации

Container and a device for indirectly cooling materials and method for producing the container

Номер: US20120264582A1
Автор: Bert-Olaf Grimm, Kai Marschner, Peter Zehnel
Принадлежит: Eppendorf SE

The present relates to a container and to a device for indirect material cooling and to a method for producing the container according to the invention. Through the present invention a much more efficient indirect heat transfer is facilitated from the exterior of the container into the interior of the container. The improvement of the heat conductivity and of the heat transfer of centrifuge containers yields a reduction of the necessary power of the refrigeration system for cooled centrifuges. Through the higher performance of the centrifuge a higher speed can be run for identical centrifuge temperatures and/or at the same centrifuge temperature and speed, the input power of the refrigeration unit can be reduced.

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Номер записи: 9
28-03-2013 дата публикации

Advanced Multi-Purpose, Multi-stage Evaporative Cold Water/Cold Air Generating and Supply System

Номер: US20130075066A1
Автор: Reytblat Mikhail Pavlovich
Принадлежит:

This discloses apparatuses for industrial or commercial cooling (or any other cooling) using staged cooling towers to evaporatively reach temperatures below the wet bulb temperature of the ambient air. Methods for using such apparatuses are disclosed as well. 3. The cooling system of wherein the final-stage cooling tower further comprises an energy recovery system connected to the cooling tower air outlet.4. The device of wherein the intermediate-stage cooling tower further comprises an energy recovery system connected to the cooling tower air outlet.5. The device of wherein the energy recovery system comprises a closed cooling loop that comprises a heat exchanger and a cooling load.6. The device of wherein the energy recovery system comprises a closed cooling loop that comprises a heat exchanger and a cooling load.7. The device of wherein the comfort load is a make up air handling unit.8. The device of wherein the make up air handling unit comprises an air inlet claim 7 , a filter claim 7 , an air-to-air heat exchanger claim 7 , an air-to-water heat exchanger claim 7 , a fan claim 7 , and an air outlet9. The device of wherein the comfort load is a make up air handling unit.10. The device of wherein the make up air handling unit comprises an air inlet claim 9 , a filter claim 9 , an air-to-air heat exchanger claim 9 , an air-to-water heat exchanger claim 9 , a fan claim 9 , and an air outlet.11. The device of wherein the comfort load is a make up air handling unit.12. The device of wherein the make up air handling unit comprises an air inlet claim 11 , a filter claim 11 , an air-to-air heat exchanger claim 11 , an air-to-water heat exchanger claim 11 , a fan claim 11 , and an air outlet.13. A method of cooling comprisingsupplying a first-stage cooling assembly that comprises a forced-draft cooling tower with an air inlet, an air outlet, a cold water reservoir, a variable speed fan, and a variable flow water pump that is adapted to pump cold water through first-stage ...

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Номер записи: 10
18-04-2013 дата публикации

MULTIBLADE CENTRIFUGAL FAN AND AIR CONDITIONER EQUIPPED WITH THE SAME

Номер: US20130092357A1
Автор: Eguchi Tsuyoshi, Sato Seiji, Suzuki Atusi
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

Provided are a low-noise, high-performance multiblade centrifugal fan that suppresses interference between rotational flows generated within extension sections that are extended in a rotation-axis direction at upper and lower end surfaces of a scroll casing, and an air conditioner equipped with the same. In a multiblade centrifugal fan having an impeller disposed in a rotatable manner about a rotation shaft within a scroll casing having a flow path whose cross section gradually increases in a rotational direction, at least one of upper and lower end surfaces of the scroll casing serves as an inclined end surface that is extended in the extending direction of the rotation shaft such that an extended height thereof gradually increases in the rotational direction from a scroll start position, and a stepped section extending in the rotational direction is provided between the inclined end surface and an inner-peripheral side surface of an extension section. 1. A multiblade centrifugal fan having an impeller disposed in a rotatable manner about a rotation shaft within a scroll casing having a flow path whose cross section gradually increases in a rotational direction ,wherein at least one of upper and lower end surfaces of the scroll casing serves as an inclined end surface that is extended in a rotation-axis direction such that an extended height thereof gradually increases in the rotational direction from a scroll start position of the scroll casing, andwherein at least one stepped section extending in the rotational direction is provided between the inclined end surface and an inner-peripheral side surface of an extension section.2. The multiblade centrifugal fan according to claim 1 , wherein the lower end surface opposite the upper end surface that is provided with an inlet in the scroll casing serves as the inclined end surface that is extended in the rotation-axis direction such that the extended height thereof gradually increases in the rotational direction claim ...

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Номер записи: 11
18-04-2013 дата публикации

CERAMIC RADIATION HEAT DISSIPATION STRUCTURE

Номер: US20130092358A1
Автор: Chen Jeong-Shiun
Принадлежит: JINGDEZHEN FARED TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

A ceramic radiation heat dissipation structure for heat dissipation from a heat source includes a ceramic substrate, a first radiation heat dissipation film and a porous heat dissipation plate. One surface of the ceramic substrate is attached to the heat source and the other surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with a first radiation heat dissipation film. The porous heat dissipation plate is attached to the first radiation heat dissipation film. The porous heat dissipation plate has at least one heat dissipation hole, and an inner sidewall of the at least one heat dissipation hole is provided with a second radiation heat dissipation film. The heat generated by the heat source is fast propagated outwards because of the high efficiency of thermal radiation provided by the first and second radiation heat dissipation films. 1. A ceramic radiation heat dissipation structure for heat dissipation from a heat source , comprising:a ceramic substrate having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface of the ceramic substrate is attached to the heat source;a first radiation heat dissipation film provided on the second surface of the ceramic substrate; anda porous heat dissipation plate attached to the first radiation heat dissipation film and having at least one heat dissipation hole, wherein a second radiation heat dissipation film is provided on an upper surface of the porous heat dissipation plate and an inner sidewall of the heat dissipation hole;wherein, the first and second radiation heat dissipation films are made from a mixture of metal and nonmetal compound, wherein the first and second radiation heat dissipation films dissipate heat generated from the heat source outwards by thermal radiation.2. The ceramic radiation heat dissipation structure as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a fan disposed on an outer side of the porous heat dissipation plate.3. The ceramic radiation heat dissipation structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 12
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Low Profile, Split Flow Charge Air Cooler with Uniform Flow Exit Manifold

Номер: US20130105128A1
Автор: Doug Vanderwees
Принадлежит: Dana Canada Corp

A low profile, split flow charge air cooler with uniform flow exit manifold comprises a first heat exchanger core comprising a plurality of gas flow passages and a plurality of coolant flow passages arranged in alternating order. First and second gas outlet manifolds are in communication with the gas flow passages, and a gas inlet manifold is in communication with both the first and second gas outlet manifolds. The gas inlet manifold is located between the first and second gas outlet manifolds, such that the gas flows in two different directions from the inlet manifold toward the outlet manifolds. A gas outlet chamber receives the gas flows from the gas outlet manifolds and provides a space in which the gas flows are combined before being discharged from the heat exchanger.

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Номер записи: 13
23-05-2013 дата публикации

CROSS FLOW FAN AND AIR CONDITIONER HAVING THE SAME

Номер: US20130126134A1
Автор: Huh Deok, Jung Jaehyuk, PARK Jeongtaek
Принадлежит:

A cross flow fan and an air conditioner having the same are provided. The cross flow fan may include a fixing member having a plate shape, and a plurality of blades fixed to one surface of the fixing member. The plurality of blades may be arranged spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction. An inner edge may define an end of a side of each of the plurality of blades, the inner edge extending toward a rotational shaft of the plurality of blades, and an outer edge may define an end opposite to the inner edge. A protrusion may protrude from the outer edge in one direction. 1. A cross flow fan , comprising:a fixing member fixed to a rotational shaft;a plurality of blades fixed to the fixing member, the plurality of blades being arranged spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the fixing member, wherein each of the plurality of blades comprises:an inner edge that extends substantially parallel to and faces the rotational shaft and an outer edge that extends opposite to the inner edge;a protrusion that protrudes from the outer edge, anda plurality of projections that protrudes toward an outside of the respective blade.2. The cross flow fan according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing member has a plate shape.3. The cross flow fan according to claim 1 , wherein the protrusion comprises:an outer surface that extends from an outer circumferential surface of the outer edge; andan inner surface bent from the outer surface, the inner surface being coupled to a first surface of the respective blade.4. The cross flow fan according to claim 3 , wherein the outer surface and the outer circumferential surface of the outer edge are the same surface.5. The cross flow fan according to claim 3 , wherein the inner surface is planar and extends from the outer surface toward the first surface of the respective blade.6. The cross flow fan according to claim 3 , wherein the inner surface has a curved shape and extends from the outer surface toward the ...

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Номер записи: 14
23-05-2013 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER PLATE AND A PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20130126135A1
Автор: Romlund Jens
Принадлежит: ALFA LAVAL CORPORATE AB

A plate heat exchanger comprises several heat exchanger plates provided beside each other, which form first and second alternating plate interspaces. Every second heat exchanger plate forms a primary plate and every second secondary plate. Each heat exchanger plate extends in an extension plane and comprises a heat transfer area and an edge area around the heat transfer area. The heat transfer area comprises a corrugation of longitudinally extending ridges and valleys. The ridges have two edge surfaces and a support surface between the edge surfaces, with a first width transversally to the longitudinal direction. The valleys have two edge surfaces and a support surface between the edge surfaces, with a second width transversally to the longitudinal direction. The support surface of valleys of the primary plates slopes relative to the extension plane and the support surface of ridges of the secondary plates slopes relative to the extension plane. 1. A heat exchanger plate for a plate heat exchanger with a plurality of heat exchanger plates provided beside each other for forming first plate interspaces for a first medium and second plate interspaces for a second medium , wherein the heat exchanger plate extends in a main extension plane along a centre axis and comprises a heat transfer area and an edge area which extends around the heat transfer area ,wherein the heat transfer area comprises a corrugation of ridges and valleys, which each extends in a longitudinal direction,wherein the ridges has a first edge surface, a second edge surface and a support surface, which extends between the first and second edge surfaces and has a first width transversally to the longitudinal direction, andwherein the valleys has a first edge surface, a second edge surface and a support surface, which extends between the first and second edge surfaces and has a second width transversally to the longitudinal direction, wherein the support surface of the valleys slopes in relation to the ...

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Номер записи: 15
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Synthetic Jet Ejector With Selectable Audio Footprint

Номер: US20130133865A1
Автор: Bringhurst Brad S., Darbin Stephen P., Ernst Matthew B., Jones Lee M., Mahalingam Raghavendran, Wilcox Michael D.
Принадлежит: NUVENTIX, INC.

A thermal management system is provided which includes a synthetic jet ejector () equipped with a diaphragm () and an actuator (), and a controller () which is in electrical communication with the synthetic jet ejector and which causes the actuator to vibrate the diaphragm so as to simultaneously cause the synthetic jet ejector to generate a synthetic jet (), and to play an audio file stored in a memory device (). 1. A method for providing thermal management for a heat source , comprising:providing a synthetic jet ejector equipped with a diaphragm and an actuator;causing said actuator to vibrate said diaphragm so as to (a) play an audio file, and (b) produce a synthetic jet while the audio file is being played; andusing the synthetic jet to thermally manage the heat source.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat source is in thermal communication with a heat sink claim 1 , and further comprising:directing the synthetic jet onto, or adjacent to, a surface of said heat sink.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the heat sink is equipped with a plurality of heat fins and a plurality of channels claim 2 , wherein each of said plurality of channels is formed by the space between a pair of adjacent heat fins claim 2 , and wherein directing the synthetic jet onto claim 2 , or adjacent to claim 2 , a surface of said heat sink includes directing the synthetic jet into one of said plurality of channels.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the audio file is stored in a memory device.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the memory device is a non-volatile memory device.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the memory device is selected from the group consisting of flash memory devices and erasable programmable read-only memory.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said diaphragm vibrates at a frequency which is adjustably controlled by a controller claim 1 , and wherein said controller causes said actuator to vibrate said diaphragm so as to play the audio file.8. The method of claim 7 , ...

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Номер записи: 16
06-06-2013 дата публикации

COMPONENTS WITH RE-ENTRANT SHAPED COOLING CHANNELS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE

Номер: US20130140007A1
Автор: BUNKER Ronald Scott, Hammond Mitchell Nile, Wei Bin
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

A method of fabricating a component is provided. The method includes forming one or more grooves in a surface of a substrate, where the substrate has at least one hollow interior space. Each of the one or more grooves extends at least partially along the substrate surface and has a base and a top. The base is wider than the top, such that each of the one or more grooves comprises a re-entrant shaped groove. The method further includes forming one or more access holes through the base of a respective groove, to connect the groove in fluid communication with respective ones of the hollow interior space(s), and disposing a coating over at least a portion of the substrate surface. The one or more grooves and coating define one or more re-entrant shaped channels for cooling the component. A component with one or more re-entrant shaped channels and a method of coating a component are also provided. 1. A component comprisinga substrate comprising an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the inner surface defines at least one hollow, interior space, wherein the outer surface defines one or more grooves, wherein each of the one or more grooves extends at least partially along the surface of the substrate and has a base and a top, wherein the base is wider than the top such that each of the one or more grooves comprises a re-entrant shaped groove, wherein one or more access holes is formed through the base of a respective one of the one or more grooves, to connect respective ones of the one or more grooves in fluid communication with respective ones of the at least one hollow interior space; andat least one coating disposed over at least a portion of the surface of the substrate, wherein the one or more grooves and the coating define one or more re-entrant shaped channels for cooling the component.2. The component of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises at least one of a metal coating claim 1 , a bond coating claim 1 , and a thermal barrier coating.3. The component ...

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Номер записи: 17
13-06-2013 дата публикации

TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTROCHEMICAL VOLTAGE SOURCE

Номер: US20130149574A1
Автор: Fries Thomas, Hou Hauk Yingqiu, Liu Andy (Jianming), Zhang Jonathan Yu
Принадлежит: W.E.T. AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS AG

The present invention refers to a temperature control system for an electrochemical voltage source. It is planned that the temperature control system comprises a fluid moving device for moving a fluid for controlling the temperature of the voltage source. 1. A temperature control system for an electrochemical voltage source , wherein the temperature control system comprises a fluid moving device for moving a fluid for controlling the temperature of the voltage source.2. The temperature control system according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid moving device is coupled to a feed means for supplying a fluid to a voltage source for temperature control and is coupled to a return means for extracting the fluid following temperature control of the voltage source.3. The temperature control system according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature control system comprises at least one temperature control module claim 1 , arranged within the voltage source in place of an individual cell claim 1 , for carrying out at least one temperature control function.4. A voltage source claim 1 , wherein the voltage source comprises at least one temperature control system according to .5. The voltage source according to claim 4 , wherein the voltage source composes at least one closed fluid circuit system claim 4 , and in that the components of said fluid circuit system are entirely inside or directly adjacent to the voltage source.6. A vehicle claim 1 , wherein the vehicle is provided with a temperature control system according to .7. A method of temperature-controlling an electrochemical voltage source claim 1 , comprising the following steps:a) generating a fluid flow by means of a fluid moving device;b) guiding the temperature-controlled fluid in or to the voltage source; andc) simultaneously extracting waste fluid out of or from the voltage source.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the additional step of:d) extracting or supplying heat from or to the fluid flow.9. The method ...

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Номер записи: 18
20-06-2013 дата публикации

HEAT AND ENERGY EXCHANGE

Номер: US20130153182A1
Автор: Davis Scott
Принадлежит:

Materials, components, and methods are provided that are directed to the fabrication and use of micro-scale channels with a fluid for a heat exchange system, where the temperature and flow of the fluid is controlled, in part, through the macroscopic geometry of the micro-scale channel and the configuration of at least a portion of the wall of the micro-scale channel and the constituent particles that make up the fluid. Moreover, the wall of the micro-scale channel and the constituent particles are configured such that collisions between the constituent particles and the wall are substantially specular. Accelerating and decelerating elements provided herein can be configured with micro-scale channels which can trace out a generally spiral path. 170-. (canceled)71. An apparatus for heat exchange comprising:a micro channel comprising a wall portion; anda gas comprising a constituent particle;wherein the micro channel is configured to accommodate a flow of the gas in a first direction substantially perpendicular to a cross section of the micro channel; andwherein the wall portion and the constituent particle are configured such that collisions between the constituent particle and the wall portion are substantially specular; andwherein the wall portion comprises at least a first wall portion, a second wall portion, a third wall portion, a first intermediate wall portion, and a second intermediate wall portion;wherein a boundary of the first wall portion is contiguous with a first boundary of the first intermediate wall portion, a first boundary of the second wall portion is contiguous with a second boundary of the first intermediate wall portion, a second boundary of the second wall portion is contiguous with a first boundary of the second intermediate wall portion, and a boundary of the third wall portion is contiguous with a second boundary of the second intermediate wall portion, such that the first wall portion, the first intermediate wall portion, the second wall ...

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Номер записи: 19
20-06-2013 дата публикации

COOLING DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS USING SAME

Номер: US20130155606A1
Автор: Sasaki Manabu
Принадлежит: NEC NETWORK PRODUCTS, LTD.

To improve a local cooling effect even when the rearrangement of devices is very difficult. A cooling device includes a heat sink disposed on a heat-generating element disposed inside a housing, a heat-radiating plate that thermally connects the heat sink with the housing, a special-purpose duct that guides cooling air directly to the heat-generating element and a special-purpose fan that sends out the cooling air into the special-purpose duct The heat-radiating plate is a leaf-spring-like component, and is in contact with the upper surface section of the heat sink and the internal surface section of the housing with predetermined elasticity. 1. A cooling device comprising:a heat sink disposed on a heat-generating element disposed inside a housing;a heat-radiating component that thermally connects the heat sink with the housing;a special-purpose duct that guides cooling air directly to the heat-generating element; anda special-purpose fan that sends out the cooling air into the special-purpose duct.2. The cooling device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat-radiating component is a leaf-spring-like component claim 1 , and is in contact with an upper surface section of the heat sink and an internal surface section of the housing with predetermined elasticity.3. An electronic apparatus comprising a cooling device that cools a plurality of heat-generating elements disposed inside a housing claim 1 , wherein the cooling device comprises:a heat sink disposed on a specific heat-generating element selected from the plurality of heat-generating elements;a heat-radiating component that thermally connects the heat sink with the housing;a special-purpose duct that guides cooling air directly to the specific heat-generating element; anda special-purpose fan that sends out the cooling air into the special-purpose duct.4. The electronic apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the specific heat-generating element is located on a downstream side of a main CPU in a flow direction ...

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Номер записи: 20
04-07-2013 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER PERFORATED FINS

Номер: US20130167584A1
Автор: Gershtein Vladimir Yliy, Houghton Patrick Alan, Meski George Amir, Sunder Swaminathan
Принадлежит: AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC.

A plate fin heat exchanger comprises a folded fin sheet comprising fins wherein the fin sheet comprises a plurality of perforations, such plurality of perforations are positioned on the fin sheet in parallel rows when such fin sheet is in an unfolded state, such parallel rows of perforations on the fin sheet comprise a first spacing between the parallel rows of perforations (S), a second spacing between sequential perforations within the parallel row of perforations (S), a third spacing (or offset) between the perforations in adjacent parallel rows of perforations (S), and a perforation diameter (D), wherein the ratio of the first spacing between the parallel rows of perforations to the perforation diameter (S/D) is in the range of 0.75 to 2.0, and wherein the angle between the fins and the parallel rows of perforations is less than or equal to five degrees (≦5°). 1. A plate fin heat exchanger , comprising:a folded fin sheet comprising fins having a height, a width, and a length, the folded fin sheet being positioned between a first parting sheet and a second parting sheet; anda first side bar and a second side bar, wherein the first side bar is positioned between the first parting sheet and the second parting sheet and adjacent to a first side of the folded fin sheet, and wherein the second side bar is positioned between the first parting sheet and the second parting and adjacent to a second side of the folded fin sheet thereby forming at least a part of a plate fin passage;{'b': 1', '2', '3', '1, 'wherein the fin sheet comprises a plurality of perforations, such plurality of perforations are positioned on the fin sheet in parallel rows when such fin sheet is in an unfolded state, such parallel rows of perforations on the fin sheet comprise a first spacing between the parallel rows of perforations (S), a second spacing between sequential perforations within the parallel row of perforations (S), a third spacing (or offset) between the perforations in adjacent ...

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Номер записи: 21
04-07-2013 дата публикации

AIR-CONDITIONING APPARATUS

Номер: US20130168064A1
Автор: Akiyoshi Masao, FUKUI Tomoya, MICHIHATA Satoshi, YAMADA Shoji
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

An air-conditioning apparatus includes a casing having an air inlet and an air outlet and having therein an air passage, and a heat exchanger and an air-sending fan which are arranged in the air passage in the casing. The air passage is divided into a plurality of air passage sections by, for example, a partition. The air-conditioning apparatus can reduce pressure loss in an indoor unit. 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:a casing having an air inlet and an air outlet and having therein an air passage; anda heat exchanger and an air-sending fan which are arranged in the air passage in the casing, whereinthe air-sending fan is an axial flow fan,the air-sending fan is one of a plurality of air-sending fans placed upstream of the heat exchanger, andat least one partition is disposed between the plurality of the air-sending fans to divide the air passage which is interspace of the air-sending fan and the heat exchanger.2. (canceled)3. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 ,wherein the partition is further placed interspace of the heat exchanger and the air outlet.4. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 ,wherein at least upper end part of the partition is disposed at an angle to an outlet plane of the air-sending fan.5. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the partition is constituted by a plurality of plate members.6. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the partition includes a sound absorbing member.7. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1 , comprising:a sound cancellation unit including at least one sound detection device and a control sound output device that outputs control sound; anda control sound producing device that produces the control sound on the basis of at least one result detected by the sound detection device,wherein the sound cancellation unit is one of a plurality of sound cancellation units arranged,wherein at least the control sound output device of the sound cancellation unit is placed in each air ...

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Номер записи: 22
08-08-2013 дата публикации

THERMAL MODULE WITH AIRFLOW GUIDING FUNCTION

Номер: US20130199759A1
Автор: Chou Wei-Cheng
Принадлежит: WISTRON CORPORATION

A thermal module includes a fan device having a fan and a fan housing for covering the fan. A vent is disposed on the fan housing. The thermal module further includes an airflow guiding device integrated with the fan housing monolithically and disposed on a side of the vent for guiding airflow into the vent. 1. A thermal module comprising: a fan; and', 'a fan housing for covering the fan, a vent being disposed on the fan housing; and, 'a fan device comprisingan airflow guiding device integrated with the fan housing monolithically and disposed on a side of the vent for guiding airflow into the vent.2. The thermal module of claim 1 , wherein the airflow guiding device is an arc structure.3. The thermal module of claim 1 , further comprising an elastic pad installed on a side of the airflow guiding device.4. The thermal module of claim 3 , wherein the elastic pad is made of rubber material.5. The thermal module of claim 1 , wherein the airflow guiding device is a baffle. This application is a division of application Ser. No. 12/638,989 filed on Dec. 16, 2009, and the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a thermal module, and more particularly, to a thermal module with airflow guiding function.2. Description of the Prior ArtConsumer electronic products have more and more functions with progress of technology. Hence the demand for performance increases accordingly. The high performance brings high energy consumption resulting in resonance, noise, thermal problems, and so on. For example, the reliability and stability of electronic products reduce if heat generated by internal electronic components can not be dissipated effectively. The conventional solution of thermal problem is utilizing a thermal system, such as a fan, a heat sink, a heat pipe, or a cooling chip for reducing temperature of the electronic components so that the electronic products can operate normally.For instance, heat ...

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Номер записи: 23
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Heat exchanger incorporating out-of-plane features

Номер: US20130213616A1
Автор: Schalansky Carl
Принадлежит: Vacuum Process Engineering, Inc.

The present invention is directed towards a heat exchanger incorporating integral fin and turbulence enhancement features which are designed to improve hydraulic efficiency and heat transfer rates. The heat exchanger device comprises a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a back surface, and two opposing side surfaces to define a main body unit. The heat exchanger device further comprises a plurality of laminar elements, or plates, having surface configurations to provide for to fluid flow therein. In order to increase heat transfer rates through the mixing of fluid, the heat exchanger device in accordance with the present invention contains features which enhance and increase flow turbulence and heat transfer surface area, referred to as out-of-plane structures. In one embodiment, the heat exchanger device contains features which form vertical out-of-plane structures. Alternatively, the heat exchanger device contains features which form horizontal out-of-plane structures. 1. A heat exchanging unit having structures adapted to provide hydraulic efficiency and heat transfer properties comprising:a main body having a top surface, a bottom surface, and an interior portion therebetween, said interior portion adapted to provide at least one fluid to flow therein;a plurality of individual laminar elements, said individual laminar elements having surface configurations adapted to allow fluid flow, each said individual laminar elements stacked against adjacent laminar elements, wherein said surface configurations of each individual laminar elements are arranged relative to adjacent surface configurations of each said adjacent laminar elements to form a three dimensional structure; andat least one out-of-plane structure, said at least one out-of-plane structure adapted to alter fluid flow path within said interior region to increase turbulence2. The heat exchanging unit having structures adapted to provide hydraulic efficiency and heat transfer properties ...

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Номер записи: 24
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Heat dissipating mechanism adapted to an electronic device and electronic device therewith

Номер: US20130213617A1
Автор: Wei-Cheng Chou
Принадлежит: Wistron Corp

A heat dissipating mechanism includes a first housing, a second housing and a tributary hole structure. The first housing is installed on a host casing. At least one inlet and at least one outlet are formed on two sides of the first housing. The second housing combines with the first housing, and the second housing and the host casing form a flow channel for communicating with the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet, so as to guide liquid from the at least one inlet to the at least one outlet. The tributary hole structure is formed on the flow channel and located in a position between the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet. The tributary hole structure is higher than the at least one outlet for guiding air from the at least one inlet to a fan.

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Номер записи: 25
05-09-2013 дата публикации

Liquid Coolant Heat Transfer Device

Номер: US20130228315A1
Автор: Kennedy James Mcfarlane
Принадлежит: Tritium Holdings Pty Ltd.

A liquid coolant heatsink apparatus is provided for cooling devices, such as heat dissipating electronic components. The heat sink apparatus comprises a cooling plate having an outer side for mounting of the device and an inner side formed with a plurality of recesses. A sealing assembly, comprising a base plate and a number of baffles is disposed opposite the inner side of the cooling plate to define a space for circulation of the liquid coolant. The baffles include a plurality of projections which correspond to the recesses and project into them to encourage turbulent flow of the liquid against the inner side of the cooling plate. The baffles are retained in position between the cooling plate and the base plate. 1. A heatsink apparatus for a device to be cooled , comprising:a first plate having an outer side for mounting of the device and an inner side formed with a plurality of recesses;a sealing assembly opposite the inner side and cooperating therewith to define a space for circulation of a liquid coolant therebetween;wherein the sealing assembly includes a plurality of projections corresponding to said recesses and projecting therein for turbulent flow of said liquid against the inner side.2. A heatsink apparatus according to including a septum penetrating the space with the recesses disposed on either side thereof wherein the liquid coolant circulates in opposite directions on opposite sides of the septum in use.3. A heatsink apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sealing assembly comprises a closure and a number of baffles comprising the plurality of projections.4. A heatsink apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the closure comprises a second plate.5. A heatsink apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the baffles comprise pieces of bent sheet metal.6. A heatsink apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the baffles are retained between the first plate and the second plate by a clamping or sandwiching action therebetween.7. A heatsink apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 26
03-10-2013 дата публикации

SELF-POWERED HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20130255915A1
Автор: Powell Patrick
Принадлежит: DENSO INTERNATIONAL AMERICA, INC.

A heat transferring apparatus may employ a heat exchanger with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and be coupled to a power exchange unit, which employs a driving fan fluid inlet, a series of inner fan blades to receive the fluid from the driving fan fluid inlet, and a rotable driving fan unit. The inner fan blades are attached to the rotable driving fan unit along with driving magnets. A rotatable driven fan unit has numerous outer fan blades and a series of imbedded driven magnets. The fluid drives the inner fan blades and flows into the heat exchanger. The outer fan blades force air through the heat exchanger and cools the fluid. A power transfer wall located between the inner magnets and the outer magnets transfers magnetic fields from the inner magnets to the outer magnets to impart rotation in the driven fan unit and outer fan blades. 1. An apparatus for transferring heat from a fluid , the apparatus comprising:a tube-in-tube heat exchanger that contains the fluid; a plurality of inner fan blades angled for rotation upon being struck by the fluid; and', 'a plurality of inner driving members;, 'a power exchange unit comprising a driving fan unit and a driven fan unit, the driving fan unit further comprising a plurality of outer fan blades angled for rotation to cause airflow through the heat exchanger; and', 'a plurality of outer opposing driven members; and, 'the driven fan unit further comprisinga cylindrical power transfer wall that prevents the fluid striking the plurality of inner fan blades from flowing outside of the cylindrical power transfer wall; whereina magnetic force from one of the plurality of inner driving members or the plurality of outer opposing driven members, imparts rotation to the plurality of outer opposing driven members.2. The apparatus for transferring heat according to claim 1 , wherein the tube-in-tube heat exchanger further defines a plurality of holes in an exterior wall to permit the air to exit from the heat exchanger.3. An ...

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Номер записи: 27
31-10-2013 дата публикации

Heat Exchanger And Associated Method Of Forming Flow Perturbators

Номер: US20130284409A1
Автор: Day Alan, Odillard Laurent
Принадлежит: VALEO SYSTEMES THERMIQUES

The invention relates to a heat exchanger for the exchange of heat between first and second fluids. The heat exchanger includes first circulation canals for the circulation of the first fluid in a first direction of circulation (D), and second circulation canals for the circulation of the second fluid, and perturbation walls arranged in the second circulation canals for the second fluid and having perturbators that perturb the flow of the second fluid. The perturbation walls respectively have at least one dividing rib. The at least one rib extends in a second direction (D) substantially perpendicular to the first direction in which the first fluid circulates, and over a predefined distance of the wall that is less than the total width of the wall in the second direction, so as to define at least two circulation passes for the second fluid substantially perpendicular to the circulation of the first fluid. 2151313. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the perturbators () are produced on the perturbation wall () by bending the perturbation wall ().31319. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a perturbation wall () comprises a predefined number of dividing ribs () arranged top to tail.41319. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a perturbation wall () comprises a predefined number of dividing ribs () placed evenly.515. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , said wherein the perturbators () have a generally crenellated appearance.6151717. The exchanger as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the perturbators () are arranged in rows ( claim 5 , ′) in a staggered configuration.7191519. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , said wherein the dividing ribs () are formed as one piece with perturbators () which extend over the same distance as the dividing ribs ().891011. The exchanger as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a bundle of tubes () forming the first circulation canals () for the circulation of the first fluid and defining between them the second ...

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Номер записи: 28
07-11-2013 дата публикации

ACTIVE COOLING DEVICE

Номер: US20130294069A1
Автор: Kuenzler Glenn Howard, MARTINS Jeremias Anthony, Udris Karl Kristian
Принадлежит: GE LIGHTING SOLUTIONS, LLC

An active cooling device in the form of a torsional, oscillating synthetic jet is provided. Fins are oscillated in a manner that creates a flow of air that can be used to cool an electronic device such as a lamp. Embodiments of the active cooling device can be compact and readily incorporated within heat sinks of different sizes and configurations. The flow of air can be provided as jets of air distributed over multiple directions as may be desirable with certain electronics such as an omnidirectional lamp. 1. An active cooling device , the active cooling device defining radial and circumferential directions , the active cooling device comprising:a plurality of fins spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction of the cooling device and rotatable about an axis of rotation;a housing defining a plurality of chambers positioned adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction, each chamber defining at least two openings for air flow in and out of the chamber, wherein at least one fin from the plurality of fins is movably positioned within each chamber; andan oscillating device positioned at least partially within the housing and radially inward of the plurality of fins, the plurality of fins connected with the oscillating device, the oscillating device structured for causing the plurality of fins to rotate back and forth along the circumferential direction so as to create air flow through the openings in each chamber.2. The active cooling device as in claim 1 , wherein the oscillating device further comprises:a magnetic field generator; anda magnet positioned within a magnetic field provided by the magnetic field generator and configured for rotating along the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation; anda torsional element supporting the magnet within the magnetic field, the torsional element configured for applying a restorative torque to the magnet along the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation.3. The active ...

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Номер записи: 29
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Stable Cavity-Induced Two-Phase Heat Transfer in Silicon Microchannels

Номер: US20130306590A1
Автор: Daniel T. Pate, Rory J. Jones, Sushil H. Bhavnani
Принадлежит: AUBURN UNIVERSITY

The stable cavity-induced two-phase heat transfer in silicon microchannels mitigates the flow of instabilities associated with two-phase (liquid/vapor) flow in microchannels. This is accomplished by etching microscopic cavities in the base of each microchannel using photolithography techniques. Each cavity is used to promote controlled nucleation activity. The microchannels with cavities are able to be used in heat sinks to cool a variety of electronic components.

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Номер записи: 30
02-01-2014 дата публикации

Fluid Circulation Tube And A Heat Exchanger Comprising Such Tubes

Номер: US20140000853A1
Автор: Alain Bauerheim, Laurent Moreau, Philippe Metayer
Принадлежит: Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS

Fluid circulation tube and heat exchanger equipped with tubes of this type are disclosed. The tube ( 6 ) is produced by bending, and, once its wall has been bent, has a base portion ( 12 ) prolonged laterally by two linking portions ( 13 ) leading to two top portions ( 14 ) turned toward one another, which terminate in end legs ( 15 ) turned toward the base portion ( 12 ), forming at least two parallel longitudinal internal channels ( 16 ) into which the two systems ( 20 ) of bends ( 21 ) of a corrugated disrupter ( 17 ) can be inserted, these systems being interconnected by a central part ( 23 ) inserted into a gap left between said legs and the base portion.

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Номер записи: 31
02-01-2014 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MINIMIZING THE EFFECT OF AMBIENT CONDITIONS ON THE OPERATION OF A HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20140000863A1
Автор: BRONICKI Lucien Y.
Принадлежит: Ormat Technologies Inc.

A heat exchanger has a wind deflector extending along a long side of a finned heat exchange tube array. 1. A heat exchanger system for cooling liquid having a plurality of finned tube arrays and a plurality of fans for inducing air through the finned tube array comprising: at least one wind deflector installed along the long side of the finned tube arrays on at least one side of the arrays.2. A heat exchanger system according to further including a further wind deflector installed on the other long side of the finned tube arrays.3. A heat exchanger system according to wherein said wind deflector is pivotally installed on said plurality of finned tube arrays.4. A heat exchanger system according to further comprising actuators for controlling the deflection angle of said wind deflector.5. A heat exchanger system according to wherein said actuator comprises an electrical motor for changing the deflection angle of said wind deflector.6. A heat exchanger system according to further comprising a temperature sensor located at the outlet of said fans for sensing the temperature of the air at the outlet of said fans.7. A method for minimizing the undesired effect of wind on the operation of a heat exchanger system for cooling liquid having a plurality of finned tube arrays and a plurality of fans for inducing air through the finned tube array claim 1 , said method comprising the steps of:a. Setting the angle of deflection of the wind deflectors other than the angle of deflection of the uppermost position of said wind deflectors;b. Collecting readings of outlet temperature sensor of said heat exchanger, ambient temperature, wind sensor and inlet air pressure sensor of said heat exchanger;c. recording readings of outlet temperature sensor of said heat exchanger, ambient temperature, wind sensor and inlet air pressure sensor of said heat exchanger;d. comparing readings of outlet temperature sensor of said heat exchanger, ambient temperature, wind sensor and inlet air pressure ...

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Номер записи: 32
16-01-2014 дата публикации

MULTI-STAGE HEAT SINK, COOLING SYSTEM WITH THE SAME AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

Номер: US20140014313A1
Автор: Hong Chang Seob, Kwak Young Hoon, Sohn Young Ho
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD.

Disclosed herein is a multi-stage heat sink cooling system, including: at least one step surface in a direction of a surface to which cooling air is injected, wherein the step surface is any one of a step surface having a stair shape that is provided with a plurality of heat radiating plates each having a curve, a step surface provided with a plurality of heat radiating plates having a streamlined smooth curve, and a step surface provided with a plurality of heat radiating fins having a height difference. According to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the cooling system with the multi-stage heat sink can cool heat generated from a heat radiating element using the multi-stage heat sink and the air injection part to improve a heat release rate. 1. A multi-stage heat sink formed to have at least one step surface in a direction of a surface to which cooling air is injected.2. The multi-stage heat sink as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step surface is a step surface having a stair shape that is provided with a plurality of heat radiating plates each having a curve.3. The multi-stage heat sink as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step surface is provided with the plurality of heat radiating plates having a streamlined smooth curve.4. The multi-stage heat sink as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step surface is provided with a plurality of heat radiating fins having a height difference.5. A cooling system claim 1 , comprising:a multi-stage heat sink including a surface having at least one step;an air injection part coupled with step surfaces of the multi-stage heat sink and supplying cooling air; anda control unit connected to the multi-stage heat sink to control cooling using the multi-stage heat sink and the air injection part.6. The cooling system as set forth in claim 5 , wherein the multi-stage heat sink is provided with a plate-shaped member of which each heat radiating plate has a curve so as to be formed to have the step surfaces in a ...

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Номер записи: 33
16-01-2014 дата публикации

HEAT DISSIPATION DEVICE

Номер: US20140016264A1
Автор: CHEN QIANG
Принадлежит:

A heat dissipation device is mounted in a chassis of an information handling apparatus. The heat dissipation device includes a box and a cooling member, a first heat sink, a second heat sink, and a fan received in the box. A partitioning plate mounted inside the box. The box includes defines two air passage arranged at opposite sides of the partitioning plate. The cooling member is fixed to the partitioning plate. The first and second heat sinks are respectively received in the first and second air passages, and respectively abut cold and hot sides of the cooling member. The fan drives air to flow into the box through the first air passage to be cooled by the first heat sink. At the same time, the fan drives air to flow into the box through the second air passage to absorb heat from the second heat sink. 1. A heat dissipation device , comprising:a box defining a first air passage, a second air passage, a first air intake, a second air intake, a plurality of first dissipation holes, and a plurality of second dissipation holes;a partitioning plate located inside the box between the first air passage and the second air passage, the first air intake and the first dissipation holes communicating with the first air passage, the second air intake and the second dissipation holes communicating with the second air passage;a cooling member fixed to the partitioning plate, and comprising a cold side facing the first air passage and a hot side facing the second air passage;a first heat sink received in the first air passage and abutting the cold side of the cooling member;a second heat sink received in the second air passage and abutting the hot side of the cooling member; andan air driven element mounted in the box, wherein the air driven element drives air to flow into the first air passage through the first air intake to be cooled by the first heat sink and expelled out of the box through the first dissipation holes; the air driven element also drives air to flow into the ...

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Номер записи: 34
23-01-2014 дата публикации

HOMOGENISATION DEVICE, HEAT EXCHANGER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF HOMOGENISING A TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN A FLUID STREAM

Номер: US20140020864A1
Автор: WICK Andreas
Принадлежит:

A homogenisation device which is in particular suitable to homogenise a temperature distribution in a fluid stream exiting a heat exchanger comprises a body with a fluid flow passage extending there through. The homogenisation device further includes a flow control device which is disposed in the fluid flow passage and which is configured to induce a swirl in an outer layer of a fluid stream flowing through the fluid flow passage, while the flow characteristics of a core layer of the fluid stream remain substantially unaffected by the flow control device. 1. Homogenisation device comprising:a body with a fluid flow passage extending there through, anda flow control device which is disposed in the fluid flow passage and which is configured to induce a swirl in an outer layer of a fluid stream flowing through the fluid flow passage, while the flow characteristics of a core layer of the fluid stream remain substantially unaffected by the flow control device.2. Homogenisation device according to claim 1 ,wherein the flow control device is configured to cause the outer layer of the fluid stream flowing through the fluid flow passage to follow a coil-shaped fluid flow path along an inner wall of the fluid flow passage.3. Homogenisation device according to claim 1 ,wherein the flow control device is configured to induce coherent eddies in a buffer layer disposed between the outer layer (and the core layer of the fluid stream.4. Homogenisation device according to claim 1 ,wherein the fluid flow passage comprises a first portion having a first flow cross section and a second portion having a second flow cross section smaller that the first flow cross section.5. Homogenisation device according to claim 1 ,wherein the flow control device comprises at least one flow control blade extending from the inner wall of the fluid flow passage into the fluid flow passage, wherein an inner edge region of the at least one flow control blade preferably is arranged at a predetermined ...

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Номер записи: 35
23-01-2014 дата публикации

Cross Reference to Related Applications

Номер: US20140020876A1
Автор: Kanstad Stig Kaare, Rolland Julien
Принадлежит: Framo Engineering AS

A heat exchanger system is described that includes an inlet and an outlet for a first fluid and a heat exchanger between the inlet and the outlet wherein the first fluid circulates, wherein the heat exchanger comprises at least one deflector to guide the flow of a second fluid. A method is also described to exchange heat between a first and a second fluid using free convection velocity field to create forced convection in the heat exchanger of a heat exchanger system. A method to exchange heat between a first and a second fluid comprising providing a heat exchanger system between the first and the second fluids, said heat exchanger system comprising a heat exchanger wherein the first fluid circulates and increasing the flow turbulences of a second fluid around the heat exchanger. 1. A heat exchanger system for transferring heat between a first fluid and an ambient second fluid , the system comprising:an inlet configured to accept the first fluid;an outlet configured to expel the first fluid;a plurality of vertically oriented parallel conduits positioned between the inlet and the outlet configured to carry the first fluid therein, the conduits each having an exterior surface that is exposed to an ambient second fluid when the system is submersed in said second fluid, wherein heat is transferred between the first fluid flowing through the conduits and said second fluid flowing a vertical direction along the exterior surfaces of and parallel to the conduits by free convection; andat least one deflector fixedly mounted exterior to the conduits configured to impart non-vertical momentum in said flowing second fluid thereby enhancing heat transfer between said first fluid and said second fluid.2. A system according to wherein said conduits are tubular pipes grouped into one or more groups claim 1 , the tubular pipes of each group being arranged symmetrically about a central axis of the group.3. A system according to wherein said at least one deflector are two horizontally ...

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Номер записи: 36
30-01-2014 дата публикации

THAWING VESSEL FOR BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS

Номер: US20140026593A1
Автор: Large Robert, Velayudhan Ajoy
Принадлежит: Grifols, S.A.

Described herein are devices and methods for thawing frozen biological products efficiently without harming the products. 1. An apparatus for thawing frozen biological material , the apparatus comprising:a vessel having an interior space for receiving the biological material, the vessel having an upper portion extending around an upper portion of the inferior space, a middle portion extending around a middle portion of the interior space, and a lower portion extending around a lower portion of the interior space; a first thermal transfer device operatively associated with the upper portion of the vessel for transferring heat between the upper portion of the vessel and the first thermal transfer device;', 'a second thermal transfer device operatively associated with the upper middle portion of the vessel for transferring heat between the upper middle portion of the vessel and the second thermal transfer device;', 'a third thermal transfer device operatively associated with the lower middle portion of the vessel for transferring heat between the lower middle portion of the vessel and the third thermal transfer device; and', 'a fourth thermal transfer device operatively associated with the lower portion of the vessel for transferring heat between the lower portion of the vessel and the fourth thermal transfer device; and, 'a plurality of thermal transfer devices operatively associated with the vessel for transferring heat between the vessel and the thermal transfer device, comprising at leastat least one controller operatively associated with the first, second, third, and fourth thermal transfer devices for controlling the first, second, third, and fourth thermal transfer devices independently from one another, comprising the at least one controller being adapted for controlling the first thermal transfer device to control thermal transfer between the first thermal transfer device and the upper portion of the vessel;controlling the second thermal transfer device to ...

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Номер записи: 37
30-01-2014 дата публикации

AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS FOR USE IN INFORMATION/DATA CENTER

Номер: US20140027093A1
Автор: Chiang Hsu-Cheng, WU Hsi-Sheng
Принадлежит: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

An air conditioning apparatus for use in information/data centers is provided, including a housing assembly, a wind-blowing device, a heat exchanger, and a separating mechanism. The housing assembly has a first housing and a second housing. The wind-blowing device is disposed in the housing assembly for guiding airflow into the housing assembly for heat exchange. The separating mechanism is used for dismembering the housing assembly in order to move the first housing or the second housing, and for incorporating the housing assembly to enable the heat exchanger to exchange heat. 1. An air conditioning apparatus for use in information/data centers , comprisinga housing assembly having at least a first housing and a second housing;a wind-blowing device disposed in the housing assembly for guiding airflow therein;a heat exchanger disposed in the housing assembly for exchanging heat with the airflow guided in by the wind-blowing device; anda separating mechanism for dismembering the housing assembly to move the first housing or the second housing, and for incorporating the housing assembly into one to enable the heat exchanger to exchange heat.2. The air conditioning claimed in claim 1 , wherein the housing assembly further comprises a third housing disposed between the first and second housings claim 1 , and the separating mechanism further includes a first separating sub-mechanism and a second separating sub-mechanism for dismembering or incorporating the first claim 1 , the second or the third housing.3. The air conditioning apparatus claimed in claim 1 , wherein the separating mechanism is a sliding rod structure or a sliding groove structure for working in conjunction with a sliding wheel to dismember or incorporate the housing assembly.4. The air conditioning apparatus claimed in claim 3 , wherein when the housing assembly is in a state of detachment claim 3 , one end of the sliding wheel is placed under the separating mechanism to support the housing assembly ...

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Номер записи: 38
06-02-2014 дата публикации

Operational control of electrohydrodynamic (ehd) air mover and electrode conditioning mechanism

Номер: US20140034283A1
Автор: Bong Sub Lee, Nels Jewell-Larsen
Принадлежит: Individual

Disclosed herein are apparatuses and methods related to an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) fluid mover that includes emitter and collector electrodes energizable to motivate fluid flow therebetween. Ozone reducing catalyst bearing heat transfer surfaces may be disposed downstream of the emitter electrode in a flow path of the motivated fluid flow. A controller may be configured to, at respective times throughout the operating life of the EHD fluid mover, selectively employ at least one ozone reduction enhancement response selected from a set of responses. One response includes triggering a conditioning mechanism to apply an additional, but at least partially consumable, ozone reducing catalyst to a surface of the emitter electrode.

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Номер записи: 39
27-02-2014 дата публикации

Structure of Exhaust Pipe for Exhaust Heat Recovery

Номер: US20140054008A1
Автор: Ki Chul Park
Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

An exhaust pipe heats coolant with heat of exhaust gas. The structure of the exhaust pipe can increase heat exchange efficiency because a flow direction of the coolant is arranged to be opposite to a flow direction of the exhaust gas. The coolant can smoothly flow inside the housing, because density of the coolant decreases as the coolant is heated while flowing in a lower side of the housing and flowing out of an upper side of the housing. In addition, the heat transfer pipe of which one surface is in contact with the exhaust gas and the other side is in contact with the coolant has wrinkle portions which are formed on a surface of the heat transfer pipe, where heat exchange is performed, and thereby, a heat exchange area can be increased and the coolant can be more rapidly heated without increasing a size of the housing.

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Номер записи: 40
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Heat transfer apparatus and method

Номер: US20140060783A1
Автор: Anthony Ciulla, Congshun Wang, Donald Wood, Longzhong Huang, Mark T. North, Min Zhang, Nelson Gernert, Smita Agrawal, Taiho Yeom, Tao Zhang, Terrence W. Simon, Tianhong Cui, Vinnee Bharathi A. Selvi, Xuelin Zhu, Youmin Yu
Принадлежит: Individual

A method is provided for heat transfer from a surface to a fluid. The method includes directing a first fluid flow towards the surface in a first direction and directing a second fluid flow towards the surface in a second direction. The first and second fluid flows cooperate to cool the surface.

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Номер записи: 41
06-03-2014 дата публикации

COOLING DEVICE HAVING A TURBULENCE GENERATING UNIT

Номер: US20140064775A1
Автор: Fujiya Hiromitsu, Hirasawa Tomoyasu, Iijima Yasuaki, Ikeda Keisuke, NISHIMURA Takayuki, OKANO SATOSHI, SAITOH MASANORI, SUZUKI Shingo, TAKEHARA Kenichi, Yuasa Keisuke
Принадлежит:

In a cooling device that includes a cooling roller that comprises a hollow tubular member and a cooling medium transport unit for transporting a cooling liquid to the inside of the cooling roller and contacts a sheet-like member to cool down the paper, a turbulence generating unit that generates turbulence in a cooling liquid is disposed near an inner wall of the outer tube. 1. (canceled)2. A cooling device comprising:an outer tube having an inner circumferential surface;an inner tube; anda cylinder having an outer circumferential surface,wherein an outside flow passage is formed by the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder and the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube, the flow passage being formed in a longitudinal direction of the cooling device, andwherein a turning back flow passage is formed by the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder and the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube, the turning back flow passage connecting the outside flow passage and the inner tube.3. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein the cylinder includes an end surface positioned adjacent the turning back flow passage claim 2 , andwherein the end surface is oblique so as to slope towards an outer circumferential surface of the inner tube.4. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein the cylinder includes an inner circumferential surface in which the inner tube can be inserted.5. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein the outer tube and the cylinder rotate in different rotational directions from each other.6. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein the flow passage of the inner tube is substantially linear claim 2 , and wherein the outside flow passage is substantially linear.7. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein a first turbulence generating unit is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube.8. The cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein a turbulence generating unit is ...

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Номер записи: 42
13-03-2014 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER OBTAINED FROM ALUMINUM OR ALUMINUM ALLOY

Номер: US20140069620A1
Автор: Takaswa Reiko, Yamazaki Kazuhiko
Принадлежит: NIPPON LIGHT METAL COMPANY, LTD.

Provided is a heat exchanger including a heat exchange fin in which frost formation at the time of heater operation can be prevented to the extent possible, and under such a condition that condensation is liable to occur on a fin surface, a water droplet of condensed water can be quickly removed by bringing the water droplet into contact with a hydrophilic film, and as a result, a favorable heat exchange function can be continuously obtained without any increase in ventilation resistance. The heat exchanger includes a heat exchange fin made of an aluminum plate material that has a crosslinked hydrophobic film having a frost formation-suppressing effect and a hydrophilic film, in which: an area occupied by the crosslinked hydrophobic film in a square area measuring 10 mm by 10 mm at an arbitrary position on a surface of the heat exchange fin is 20 to 80%; and the crosslinked hydrophobic film is formed of an aqueous hydrophobic coating composition containing a resin (A) having a fluorine atom-containing group, a quaternary ammonium salt group-containing modified epoxy resin (B), and an amino resin (C) in which the solid content of the resin (A) is 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the solid contents of the resin (B) and the resin (C). 1. A heat exchanger , comprising a heat exchange fin having a fin substrate formed of an aluminum plate material formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy , and a crosslinked hydrophobic film having a frost formation-suppressing effect and a hydrophilic film formed on a surface of the fin substrate , wherein:an area occupied by the crosslinked hydrophobic film in a square area measuring 10 mm by 10 mm at an arbitrary position on a surface of the heat exchange fin is 10 to 90%; andthe crosslinked hydrophobic film is formed of an aqueous hydrophobic coating composition containing a resin (A) having at least one kind of fluorine atom-containing group selected from the group consisting of a perfluoroalkyl ...

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Номер записи: 43
13-03-2014 дата публикации

Lamination assembly including an inter-lamination thermal transfer member for an electric machine

Номер: US20140070658A1
Автор: Colin Hamer
Принадлежит: REMY TECHNOLOGIES LLC

A lamination assembly having a lamination stack including a plurality of lamination members, and at least one inter-lamination thermal transfer member coupled to at least one of the plurality of lamination members. The at least one inter-lamination thermal transfer member establishes a heat dissipation path from the lamination stack.

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Номер записи: 44
20-03-2014 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR AN EFFICIENT SURFACE EVAPORATION AND FOR AN EFFICIENT CONDENSATION

Номер: US20140075978A1
Автор: KNIFFLER Oliver, SEDLAK Holger
Принадлежит:

An evaporator or a condenser includes a surface on which the operating liquid is arranged. Further, turbulence generators are provided to generate turbulences in the operating liquid located on the operating surface. In the condenser, alternatively or additionally, a laminarizer is present to make the vapor stream laminar provided by the compressor. On the evaporator side, the evaporation efficiency is increased and, on the condenser side, the condenser efficiency is increased, which may be used for a substantial reduction in size without loss of power of these components, in particular for a heat pump for heating a building. 1. A condenser for condensing an evaporated operating liquid , comprising:a condenser surface on which an operating liquid is to be arranged;a plurality of turbulence generators which are implemented to generate current turbulences in the operating liquid located on the condenser surface; ora laminarizer which is implemented to make a vapor current directed to the condenser surface laminar so that a vapor made laminar by the laminarizer impinges on the operating liquid.2. The condenser according to claim 1 , comprising:a condenser housing in which the condenser surface is arranged and implemented to maintain a pressure in the condenser housing at the condenser surface which is such that a condensed operating liquid has a predetermined minimum temperature.3. The condenser according to claim 1 , wherein the minimum temperature is higher than or equal to 22° C.4. The condenser according to claim 1 , wherein the condenser surface is inclined in an operating position claim 1 , wherein the liquid is supplied to the condenser surface such that the liquid flows from an intake to a drain of the condenser surface due to gravity.5. The condenser according to claim 4 , wherein the evaporator surface is pyramid-shaped claim 4 , conical claim 4 , funnel-shaped or in the form of an inclined plane which may be level or non-level.6. The condenser according to ...

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Номер записи: 45
20-03-2014 дата публикации

Methods for Stabilizing Flow in Channels and System Thereof

Номер: US20140076519A1
Автор: Kandlikar Satish G.
Принадлежит: ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

A method and system for stabilizing flow includes introducing a flow into a channel with a minimum cross-sectional dimension of less than three millimeters and triggering a release of one or more bubbles in the flow at one or more locations in the channel. The one or more locations are spaced in from an inlet and an outlet to the channel. 1. A system for stabilizing flow during flow boiling , the system comprising:at least one of a minichannel and a microchannel having channel walls between an inlet and an outlet defining a passage capable of receiving flow;a high pressure region upstream from a transition to a low pressure region within the passage;a low pressure zone within the passage adjacent the transition from the high pressure region to the low pressure region;one or more nucleation cavities having a radius within a range which satisfies criteria for nucleation located in the wall of the channel adjacent the low pressure zone fashioned to trigger a release of one or more bubbles in the flow at one or more locations in the at least one of the minichannel and the microchannel that effectively transfer heat to the flow through the wall of the channel and increase resistance to backflow in the channel and stabilize the flow.2. The system as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising a vibrating system adjacent the low pressure zone.3. The system as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising a heating device adjacent the low pressure zone.4. The system as set forth in claim 2 , further comprising a heating device adjacent the low pressure zone.5. The system as set forth in claim 1 , wherein one or more of the criteria for nucleation are based on at least one of a geometry of the at least one of the minichannel and the microchannel and a range of conditions for the flow.6. The system as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising at least one insulator upstream from the low pressure zone on at least a portion of an inner surface of the at least one of the minichannel ...

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Номер записи: 46
20-03-2014 дата публикации

TEMPERATURE-CONTROL ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR ATTACHING AN ELECTRONIC COMPONENT TO THE TEMPERATURE-CONTROL ELEMENT

Номер: US20140076525A1
Автор: Dippold Johannes, Mantey Andy
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a temperature-control element. The present invention relates to a temperature-control element, having at least one surface region with an electrically insulating and thermally conductive coating, in particular a ceramic coating provided on said surface region, and attached to the coating is at least one electronic component which is thermally connected to the temperature-control element and is configured to be electrically insulating with respect to the temperature-control element. The present invention also relates to a method for attaching an electronic component to the temperature-control element. 1. Temperature-control element , having at least one surface region with an electrically insulating and thermally conductive coating , in particular a ceramic coating , provided on said surface region , wherein attached to the coating is at least one electronic component which is thermally connected to the temperature-control element and is configured to be electrically insulating with respect to the temperature-control element.2. Temperature-control element according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one surface region is surface-treated claim 1 , in particular by a blasting method claim 1 , by etching and/or polishing.3. Temperature-control element according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one surface region has a defined surface roughness claim 2 , preferably a surface roughness within a range of R=20 μm to R=60 μm claim 2 , as a result of the surface treatment.4. Temperature-control element according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one surface region is provided with at least one intermediate layer claim 1 , said intermediate layer being configured in particular as an adhesive base for the coating.5. Temperature-control element according to claim 4 , wherein the intermediate layer is a metal alloy and is in particular a nickel claim 4 , chromium claim 4 , copper and/or aluminium alloy.6. Temperature-control element according to ...

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Номер записи: 47
03-04-2014 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER DEVICE

Номер: US20140090818A1
Автор: Rosenfeld Moshe, Zemach Efi
Принадлежит: Ramot at Tel-Aviv University Ltd.

A heat exchange device is presented, the device comprises one or more channels having inlet and outlet ports configured to direct flow of a predetermined fluid to and from said one or more channels. Said one or more channels of the device comprise at least one channel having at least one orifice of a predetermined hydraulic diameter configured such that a flow of said predetermined fluid through said orifice and through said channel thereby generating a vortex ring-like fashion of the flow within the channel to provide efficient heat transfer by the fluid. 1. A heat exchange device comprising one or more channels having inlet and outlet ports to direct flow of a predetermined fluid to and from said one or more channels , said one or more channels comprising at least one channel having at least one orifice of a predetermined hydraulic diameter , a flow of said predetermined fluid through said orifice and through said channel thereby generating a vortex ring-like fashion of the flow within the channel.2. The heat exchange device of claim 1 , wherein a hydraulic diameter of said at least one channel is between 100 to 1000 micrometers.3. The heat exchange device of claim 1 , wherein a ratio between a hydraulic diameter of said at least one channel and said predetermined hydraulic diameter of said at least one orifice is selected to be between 1.3 to 1.6.4. The heat exchange device of claim 3 , wherein said ratio between the hydraulic diameter of said at least one channel and said predetermined hydraulic diameter of said at least one orifice in the channel is 1.5.5. The heat exchange device of claim 1 , wherein said one or more channels have a circular or rectangular cross section.6. The heat exchange device of claim 1 , configured to direct compressible flow of a predetermined heat exchange fluid through said at least one channel claim 1 , passage of said flow through said at least one orifice generating one or more vortex rings thereby providing efficient mixing of ...

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Номер записи: 48
10-04-2014 дата публикации

Reactive solid/heat-transport gas reactor including a helical duct in which the solid and the gas flow in opposite directions

Номер: US20140096933A1
Автор: Gwennyn Tanguy, Joel Joel Wyttenbach, Philippe Papillon
Принадлежит: Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA

A solid/heat-transport and reactive gas reactor, including: a helical duct including an inlet and an outlet, the helical duct defining a helical bottom track on which a solid reagent can slide from the inlet to the outlet of the helical duct; a mechanism for bringing the solid reagent to the inlet of the helical duct; a mechanism for causing a heat-transport gas to flow in the helical duct, from the outlet to the inlet of the helical duct; a reservoir of solid reagent under the outlet of the helical duct; and a conveyor for conveying the reagent from a low point of the reservoir to the bringing mechanism.

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Номер записи: 49
10-04-2014 дата публикации

MOLECULAR FAN

Номер: US20140096942A1
Автор: Lin Chhiu-Tsu
Принадлежит: BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY

A molecular fan for dissipating heat, the fan having a chemically functionalized molecular fan thin film coating affixed to a surface in need of heat dissipation. A nanocoating for dissipating heat, the coating having a thin film coating affixed to a surface in need of heat dissipation. A molecular fan thin film coating affixed to a surface in need of heat dissipation for dissipating heat. 123-. (canceled)24. A molecular fan for dissipating heat , comprising a cured molecular fan thin film coating with a thickness of 1-10 μm affixed to a heat sink surface in need of heat dissipation , said molecular fan thin film coating comprising:an emulsion,nanoparticles, andfunctionalized nanomaterials,wherein said molecular fan thin film coating is capable of assembling active vibrational groups that emit infrared radiation within said coating, and made using hazardous air pollutants-free (HAPs-free) co-solvents.25. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said emulsion is an emulsion capable of forming a thin film coating on the heat sink surface.26. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said emulsion is selected from the group consisting of an acrylic emulsion claim 24 , a urethane emulsion and organic-inorganic hybrid systems.27. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of metals claim 24 , oxides claim 24 , carbon black and carbon nanotubes.28. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of silver claim 24 , gold and copper.29. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of SiOand TiO.30. The fan according to claim 24 , wherein said functionalized nanomaterials are functionalized alkoxysilanes and functionalized carbon nanotubes.31. A coating for dissipating heat comprising a cured thin film coating with a thickness of 1-10 μm affixed to a heat sink surface in need of heat dissipation claim 24 , said thin film ...

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Номер записи: 50
07-01-2016 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR THERMAL SEPARATION BETWEEN A CONDITIONED ENVIRONMENT AND AT LEAST ONE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Номер: US20160003562A1
Автор: Venturini Franco
Принадлежит:

A device for thermal separation between a conditioned environment and at least one external environment, which comprises a wall that has at least a first active layer-like region toward the conditioned environment, a second active layer-like region toward the external environment with respect to the first active layer-like region, a first insulating layer-like region, which is interposed between the active layer-like regions, a second insulating layer-like region, which is interposed between the second active layer-like region and the external environment. The active layer-like regions accommodate channels for the outflow of heat transfer fluids, which have, during the operation of the thermal separation device, temperatures that on average are different through the thickness of the wall. 1. A method for providing thermal separation between a conditioned environment and at least one environment that is external thereto , said environments being adjacent , the method comprising: a first active layer region arranged toward said conditioned environment with respect to a second active layer region, said first active layer regions accommodating a first channel for outflow of a first heat transfer fluid,', 'said second active layer region arranged toward said external environment with respect to said first active layer region, said second active layer region accommodating a second channel for outflow of a second heat transfer fluid,', 'a first insulating layer region, which is interposed between said first and second active layer regions, and', 'a second insulating layer region, which is interposed between said second active layer region and said external environment,, 'providing a wall including'}introducing the second heat transfer fluid into the second channel having an average inflow temperature (T5) lower than a temperature (T1) of the conditioned environment and higher than a temperature (T6) at which the second heat transfer fluid exits from the second channel when ...

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Номер записи: 51
02-01-2020 дата публикации

HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS VIA ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION

Номер: US20200003479A1
Автор: Giulietti Diana, Poteet Steven
Принадлежит:

A method of applying a hydrophobic surface coating to one or more internal surfaces of a fluid passage component, the method including: flowing a rare earth precursor into the fluid passage component; allowing the rare earth precursor to react with the one or more internal surfaces of the fluid passage component; removing excess rare earth precursor from the fluid passage component; flowing an oxide forming precursor into the fluid passage component; allowing the oxide forming precursor to react with the rare earth precursors on the one or more internal surfaces to form a hydrophobic surface coating on each of the one or more internal surfaces; and removing excess oxide forming precursor from the fluid passage component. 1. A method of applying a hydrophobic surface coating to one or more internal surfaces of a fluid passage component , the method comprising:flowing a rare earth precursor into the fluid passage component;allowing the rare earth precursor to react with the one or more internal surfaces of the fluid passage component;removing excess rare earth precursor from the fluid passage component;flowing an oxide forming precursor into the fluid passage component;allowing the oxide forming precursor to react with the rare earth precursors on the one or more internal surfaces to form a hydrophobic surface coating on each of the one or more internal surfaces; andremoving excess oxide forming precursor from the fluid passage component.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:flowing a rare earth precursor into the fluid passage component;allowing the rare earth precursor to react with the hydrophobic surface coating on each of the one or more internal surfaces of the fluid passage component;removing excess rare earth precursor from the fluid passage component;flowing an oxide forming precursor into the fluid passage component;allowing the oxide forming precursor to react with the rare earth precursors on the one or more internal surfaces to form a second layer ...

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Номер записи: 52
07-01-2021 дата публикации

VISIBLE LIGHT-TRANSPARENT AND RADIATIVE-COOLING MULTILAYER FILM

Номер: US20210003354A1
Автор: Guo Yinghui, Li Xiong, Luo Xiangang, Ma Xiaoliang, PU Mingbo
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides a visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film, including N layers of films which have different thicknesses and are arranged alternately. The visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film adopts a new film layer arrangement, so that the multilayer film has an extremely high visible light transmittance while achieving radiative cooling. Among others, the multilayer film is composed of two materials having high visible light-transmittance. Since there is a difference between dielectric constants of the two materials, a resonant cavity or resonant cavities may be formed among material layers. The resonant cavity may enhance the electric field therein, thereby increasing the radiance of the structure greatly. The present disclosure has the advantages of simple structure, easy to process, good cooling effect, high visible light transmittance and low cost. 1. A visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film comprising N layers of films , wherein the N layers of films comprise layers of first films and layers of second films arranged alternately;wherein the layers of first films and the layers of second films are made of different visible light-transparent materials, and the visible light-transparent materials have different dielectric constants in infrared band, and a resonant cavity or resonant cavities are formed between the layers of first films and the layers of second films.2. The visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein the N layers of films have layers of materials with different thicknesses.3. The visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film of claim 2 , wherein the layers of first films are made of indium tin oxide claim 2 , and the layers of second films are made of photoresist.4. The visible light-transparent and radiative-cooling multilayer film of claim 3 , wherein N≥3.5. The visible light-transparent and ...

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Номер записи: 53
13-01-2022 дата публикации

Reticular resin molding and operating method of air conditioner using same

Номер: US20220010982A1
Автор: Ryuji Sakai
Принадлежит: Continewm Co ltd

To provide a reticular resin molding and an operating method of an air conditioner capable of increasing a heat exchange efficiency in a heat exchanger by controlling a charge of air introduced into the heat exchanger. The reticular resin molding has a plate form, is composed of a thermoplastic resin, includes a plurality of vent holes penetrating in a thickness direction, and is capable of increasing a heat exchange efficiency in a heat exchanger by introducing air, having passed through the vent holes to control a charge thereof, into the heat exchanger. The reticular resin molding is composed of a thermoplastic resin of polyethylene or polypropylene obtained by dissolving therein a non-fired powder of a montmorillonite-based clay mineral. Further, the operating method of an air conditioner comprises providing, to the heat exchanger, this reticular resin molding so as to cross an airflow path to a heat exchanger, and introducing the air, having passed through the vent holes, into the heat exchanger.

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Номер записи: 54
08-01-2015 дата публикации

Re-direction of vapor flow across tubular condensers

Номер: US20150007964A1
Автор: Phillip F. Daly, Raymond E. Tucker, Steven P. Lankton
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Vapor flow-diverting devices that re-direct upwardly flowing vapor, for example, in a downward direction across condenser tubes disposed in the upper or top section of a vapor-liquid contacting apparatus, are described. These devices are particularly beneficial in tubular condensers within distillation columns and may be used in combination with other associated equipment (e.g., a deflector plate and divider plate) as well as in combination with the tube surface enhancements to improve the heat transfer coefficient.

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Номер записи: 55
08-01-2015 дата публикации

Cooling Assemblies Having Porous Three Dimensional Surfaces

Номер: US20150007965A1
Автор: JOSHI Shailesh N.
Принадлежит:

Cooling assemblies including a porous three dimensional surface such as a heat sink are disclosed. In one embodiment, a cooling assembly includes a heat transfer substrate having a surface, a thermally conductive fin extending from the surface, a metal mesh bonded to a surface of the thermally conductive fin, and sintered metal particles bonded to the metal mesh and the surface of the thermally conductive fin. The metal mesh defines a macro-level porosity, and the sintered metal particles define a micro-level porosity. In another embodiment, a cooling assembly includes a heat transfer substrate having a surface, a thermally conductive fin extending from the surface of the heat transfer substrate, and sintered metal particles bonded to the surface of the thermally conductive fin. An average diameter of the sintered metal particles increases from a base of the thermally conductive fin to a top of the thermally conductive fin. 1. A cooling assembly comprising:a heat transfer substrate having a surface;a thermally conductive fin extending from the surface of the heat transfer substrate; andsintered metal particles bonded to the surface of the thermally conductive fin, wherein the sintered metal particles define a micro-level porosity, and an average diameter of the sintered metal particles increases from a base of the thermally conductive fin to a top of the thermally conductive fin.2. The cooling assembly of claim 1 , wherein the thermally conductive fin is an individual thermally conductive fin of an array of thermally conductive fins extending from the surface of the heat transfer substrate claim 1 , and the sintered metal particles are bonded to each thermally conductive fin of the array of thermally conductive fins.3. The cooling assembly of claim 2 , wherein the sintered metal particles are bonded to the surface of the heat transfer substrate between adjacent thermally conductive fins of the array of thermally conductive fins.4. The cooling assembly of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 56
08-01-2015 дата публикации

RE-DIRECTION OF VAPOR FLOW ACROSS TUBULAR CONDENSERS

Номер: US20150007966A1
Автор: Daly Phillip F., Lankton Steven P., Tucker Raymond E.
Принадлежит:

Vapor flow-diverting devices that re-direct upwardly flowing vapor, for example, in a downward direction across condenser tubes disposed in the upper or top section of a vapor-liquid contacting apparatus, are described. These devices are particularly beneficial in tubular condensers within distillation columns and may be used in combination with other associated equipment (e.g., a deflector plate and divider plate) as well as in combination with the tube surface enhancements to improve the heat transfer coefficient. 1. An apparatus for vapor-liquid contacting , comprising:a vertically oriented column having disposed therein a plurality of condenser tubes for passing cooling fluid therethrough, wherein the condenser tubes extend substantially vertically;an upper section of the vertically oriented column configured for receiving vapor rising upwardly from a lower contacting section of the vertically oriented column;a vapor outlet external to the column and in communication with the upper section of the vertically oriented column; anda plurality of baffles for redirecting the upwardly rising vapor across the condenser tubes such that the vapor passes in a first substantially horizontal direction and then in a second substantially horizontal direction as the vapor travels generally upwardly.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first substantially horizontal direction is opposite of the second substantially horizontal direction.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the baffles extends only partially across the vertically oriented column.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a vapor flow-directing device disposed within the column and having a vapor inlet above at least a co-current contacting section of the tubes and defining a vapor-liquid disengagement volume;a cooling fluid inlet conduit in communication with the condenser tubes; anda cooling fluid outlet conduit in communication with the condenser tubes,wherein the cooling fluid inlet and the ...

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Номер записи: 57
20-01-2022 дата публикации

Turbulator for heat exchanger

Номер: US20220018616A1
Автор: In Chul JEONG, Jun Gil PARK, Seong Sik Moon
Принадлежит: Kyungdong Navien Co Ltd

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a turbulator inserted into a tube of a heat exchanger, when it is assumed that the water flows horizontally along a water flow direction along the tube and a combustion gas flows vertically from an upper side to a lower side to cross the tube, and a direction that is perpendicular to both the water flow direction and an upward/downward direction is defined as a leftward/rightward direction, a body part extending along the water flow direction, having a plate shape that is perpendicular to the leftward/rightward direction, and inserted into the tube, and an upstream side wing part protruding from an upstream side portion of the body part with respect to the water flow direction along at least one direction of the leftward/rightward direction and extending in a direction that is inclined upwards with respect to the water flow direction.

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Номер записи: 58
12-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR MAKING STYRENE USING MICROCHANNEL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY

Номер: US20170007978A1
Автор: Daly Francis P., Hickey Thomas P., Jarosch Kai Tod Paul, LaPlante Timothy J., Long Richard Q., Marco Jeffrey, Tonkovich Anna Lee, YANG Bin
Принадлежит:

The disclosed invention relates to a process for converting ethylbenzene to styrene, comprising: flowing a feed composition comprising ethylbenzene in at least one process microchannel in contact with at least one catalyst to dehydrogenate the ethylbenzene and form a product comprising styrene; exchanging heat between the process microchannel and at least one heat exchange channel in thermal contact with the process microchannel; and removing product from the process microchannel. Also disclosed is an apparatus comprising a process microchannel, a heat exchange channel, and a heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and heat exchange channel wherein the heat transfer wall comprises a thermal resistance layer. 1178-. (canceled)179. An apparatus , comprising:a process microchannel;a heat exchange channel; anda heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and the heat exchange channel, the heat transfer wall comprising at least one thermal resistance layer.180. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer is positioned on the heat transfer wall and/or embedded within the heat transfer wall.181. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises a vacuum claim 179 , a gaseous material claim 179 , a liquid and/or a solid material.182. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises a solid material which contains void spaces claim 179 , openings and/or through holes.183. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more strips or shims which contain void spaces claim 179 , openings and/or through holes.184. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more strips with grooves formed in the strip.185. The apparatus of wherein the thermal resistance layer comprises one or more shims claim 179 , each of the shims having a first surface and a second surface claim 179 , and grooves formed in the first surface and/or the second surface.186. The ...

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Номер записи: 59
04-01-2018 дата публикации

COOLANT FLOW DISTRIBUTION USING COATING MATERIALS

Номер: US20180007814A1
Автор: Degner Michael W., JIH Edward Chan-Jiun, SUNG Myung Ki
Принадлежит:

Electronic devices are disclosed including hydrophobic or oleophobic coatings that control coolant flow therein or thereon. In at least one embodiment, a power inverter cold plate is provided including coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, and a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween; and one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating configured to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate. A method may include applying one or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating to a power inverter cold plate to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate, the one or more layers being applied to one or more of a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, or a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween. The layers may define coolant flow paths, eliminate recirculation zones, and/or prevent coolant leak paths. 1. A power inverter cold plate , comprising:A coolant inlet;a coolant flow spreading region, a coolant flow collection region, and a coolant heat-transfer region disposed therebetween;a coolant outlet; andone or more layers of a hydrophobic or oleophobic coating configured to control a flow of coolant in the cold plate.2. The cold plate of claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers include a plurality of lines in the coolant flow spreading region and/or the coolant flow collection region.3. The cold plate of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of lines define a plurality of coolant flow paths.4. The cold plate of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of coolant flow paths fan out from the inlet towards the coolant heat-transfer region.5. The cold plate of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of coolant flow paths funnel from the coolant heat-transfer region towards the coolant outlet.6. The cold plate of claim 3 , further comprising one or more layers of a hydrophilic or oleophilic coating within the plurality of flow paths.7. The cold plate of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 60
12-01-2017 дата публикации

HETEROGENEOUS SURFACES FOR PATTERNED BUBBLE ARRAYS, ENHANCED HEAT TRANSFER, & ADVANCED HEAT EXHANGER APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20170010060A1
Автор: Chang Chih-Hung, CHOI Chang-Ho, David Michele
Принадлежит:

Heterogeneous surfaces to tailor bubble nucleation, bubble sites, and bubble dynamics. In some embodiments, piezoelectric inkjet printing is employed to deposit hydrophobic polymer dot arrays having any predetermined pattern. In some further embodiments, a field region comprising hydrophilic nanostructures further surrounds these dot arrays. The hydrophobic sites may be disposed at a crater bottom to enhancing wicking and replenishment of evaporate. In some embodiments, a heat exchanger comprises the heterogeneous surface for enhanced critical heat flux. In some embodiments, an apparatus for conveying information comprises the heterogeneous surface to generate a 2D binary image with each bubble serving as an image pixel that corresponds to one or more site within the heterogeneous surface. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a hydrophobic thin-film material disposed on a first region of the substrate; anda hydrophilic nanostructured thin-film material disposed on a second region of the substrate adjacent to the first region, wherein a top surface of the hydrophobic material is recessed below a top surface of the hydrophilic material.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:an average thickness of the hydrophobic thin-film material is less than that of the hydrophilic material.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the hydrophobic material comprises a polymer dot having a lateral dimension of at least 1 μm; andthe hydrophilic material surrounds a circumference of the polymer dot.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein:the hydrophobic material has a film thickness of at least 10 nm;the hydrophilic material comprises nanoparticles having a average diameter of less than 400 nm and has a film thickness of at least 100 nm; andthe top surface of the of the hydrophobic material is recessed from a top surface of the hydrophilic material by at least 10 nm.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the hydrophobic thin-film material comprises PFPE; andthe hydrophilic thin-film ...

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Номер записи: 61
09-01-2020 дата публикации

REACTION DEVICE WITH HEAT EXCHANGER AND USE THEREOF

Номер: US20200009524A1
Автор: Aigner Jonathan, Hense Peter, Hornung Andreas, Hornung Thorsten, Pedrazzini Alberto
Принадлежит:

A reaction device is provided with a first wall that defines an interior in which a stirring mechanism is located. A heat exchanger is at least partly provided on the first outer wall surface facing away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, wherein the heat exchanger has a grate structure, and at least two layers are provided which have a grate structure. Thus, it is possible to transfer heat in a precise and efficient manner primarily by means of thermal radiation in endothermic processes at different temperature levels, in particular pyrolysis, gassing, and reforming processes, and thereby use the exhaust heat for other processes. 1. A reaction device comprising:a first wall, which defines an interior, the interior configured to accommodate a stirring mechanism,wherein a heat exchanger is at least partly on a surface of the first wall that faces away from the interior and/or on the stirring mechanism, the heat exchanger including at least two layers each of which has a grate structure.2. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has a double wall comprising:the first wall, anda second wall, so that an intermediate space, which accommodates the heat exchanger, is formed between the first wall and the second wall.3. The reaction device according to claim 2 , wherein the reaction device is a tube furnace.4. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring mechanism is a screw conveyor.5. The reaction device according to claim 4 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises screw sections claim 4 , which have different pitches.6. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction device has at least two reaction zones with different temperatures.7. The reaction device according to claim 1 , wherein the layers of the heat exchanger are connected to one another at contact points of the layers or contact surfaces of the layers.8. The reaction device according claim 1 , wherein the structure of a grate ...

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Номер записи: 62
11-01-2018 дата публикации

Heat Exchanger Block and Heat Recovery Ventilation Unit Comprising it

Номер: US20180010820A1
Автор: Arie Veldhuijzen, Christian Hirsch, Martijn Haddeman
Принадлежит: Zehnder Group International AG

The invention relates to a heat exchanger block 2 and to a heat recovery ventilation unit 1 comprising such a heat exchanger block. In the heat exchanger block 2, the individual flow cross-section (Q 1 ) of flow passages of said plurality of first air flow passages (AFP 1 ) in said parallel flow region (PF) and the individual flow cross-section (Q 2 ) of flow passages of said plurality of second air flow passages (AFP 2 ) in said parallel flow region (PF) gradually, preferably linearly, decrease along a straight line (x-perpendicular to the parallel air flow passages (AFP 1 and AFP 2 ) and from said first wall (W 1 ) to said second wall (W 2 ) of the block.

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Номер записи: 63
11-01-2018 дата публикации

MULTI-PIPE THREE-DIMENSIONAL PLUSATING HEAT PIPE

Номер: US20180010860A1
Автор: TSENG Chih-Yung, WU Shih-Kuo, YANG Kai-Shing
Принадлежит:

A multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe includes at least two pipes and at least two chambers. The at least two pipes form into respective three-dimensional annular loops. A cooling zone is formed to one side of the annular loops. Two opposing ends of the at least two pipes are connected spatially to the at least two chambers, respectively, so as to form the multi-pipe three dimensions pulsating heat pipe. 1. A multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe , comprising:at least two pipes, each of the at least two pipes being formed into three-dimensional annular loops, at least one side of the annular loops being defined as a cooling area; andat least two chambers, connecting respectively and spatially to two opposing ends of each of the at least two pipes so as to form the multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe.2. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least two pipes is a metallic pipe or a non-metallic pipe.3. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional annular loops are symmetric structures or asymmetric structures.4. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the at least two pipes have the same diameter or cross-sectional area.5. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the at least two pipes have different diameters or cross-sectional areas.6. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional annular loops include an outer-frame portion and a central empty portion.7. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 6 , further including a heating source located at one side of the outer-frame portion.8. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 6 , further including an anchorage member located in the central empty portion.9. The multi-pipe three-dimensional pulsating heat pipe of claim 8 , ...

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Номер записи: 64
27-01-2022 дата публикации

PINS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS

Номер: US20220028751A1
Автор: Karlen Eric W., Wentland William L.
Принадлежит: HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORPORATION

A heat exchanger includes a body defining a flow channel, and a pin extending across the flow channel, the pin including an at least partially non-cylindrical shape. The pin can be a double helix pin including two spiral branches defining a double helix shape. The two branches can include a uniform winding radius. The two branches include a non-uniform winding radius. 1. A heat exchanger , comprising:a body defining a flow channel; anda pin extending across the flow channel, the pin including an at least partially non-cylindrical shape, wherein the pin includes a plurality of branches extending away from a trunk portion of the pin.2. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of branches curves back to the trunk portion of the pin.3. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the trunk portion and/or one or more of the branches includes a hole defined therethrough.4. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the branches connect to an electronics side of the body.5. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the pin includes a plurality of multi-branches connected to each other.6. The heat exchanger of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of pins.7. The heat exchanger of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of pins includes pins of different shape.8. The heat exchanger of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of pins includes pins of only one shape.9. The heat exchanger of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of pins are defined in the channel in a predetermined pattern relative to each other. This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/0474,411, filed Jul. 27, 2018, which is a division of 14/579,120 filed on Dec. 22, 2014 the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.The present disclosure relates to heat exchangers, more specifically to heat exchangers with pins disposed in flow channels thereof.Traditional heat exchangers can be cast or pieced together to form at least one channel defined therein for ...

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Номер записи: 65
10-01-2019 дата публикации

FIN MATERIAL AND HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20190011200A1
Автор: SASAZAKI Mikine, SEKO Yoshiya, TOYAMA Tomoaki
Принадлежит:

A heat-exchanger fin material () has a coating film () formed on at least one surface of an aluminum substrate (). An outermost surface of the coating film () is a positively-chargeable coating () that is essentially composed of only one or more resins selected from the group consisting of cellulose-based resins, acrylic-based resins, vinyl alcohol-based resins, acrylamide-based resins, and ester-based resins. The surface roughness Ra of the coating film () is 100 nm or less. A heat exchanger () includes a plurality of fins composed of the fin material () and at least one metal tube () passing through the plurality of fins (). 1. A heat-exchanger fin material comprising:a substrate composed of aluminum; anda coating film formed on at least one surface of the substrate and composed of a coating having one layer or two or more layers;wherein the coating film has a positively-chargeable coating on its outermost surface;the positively-chargeable coating is essentially composed of only at least one resin selected from the group consisting of cellulose-based resins, acrylic-based resins, vinyl alcohol-based resins, acrylamide-based resins, and ester-based resins; andthe surface roughness Ra of the coating film is 100 nm or less.2. The heat-exchanger fin material according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness Ra of the coating film is 50 nm or less.3. The heat-exchanger fin material according to claim 1 , wherein the surface roughness Ra of the coating film is 20 nm or less.4. The heat-exchanger fin material according to claim 1 , wherein the water-contact angle on the surface of the coating film is 40° or less.5. The heat-exchanger fin material according to claim 1 , wherein the water-contact angle on the surface of the coating film is 30° or less.6. The heat-exchanger fin material according to claim 1 , wherein the film thickness of the positively-chargeable coating is 0.1-6 μm.7. A heat exchanger comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a fin ...

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Номер записи: 66
14-01-2021 дата публикации

Radiative Cooling Structures and Systems

Номер: US20210010764A1
Автор: MA Yaoguang, TAN Gang, Yang Ronggui, Yin Xiaobo, Zhai Yao, ZHAO Dongliang
Принадлежит:

Polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures are provided which include a selectively emissive layer of a polymer or a polymer matrix composite material. Exemplary selective radiative cooling structures are in the form of a sheet, film or coating. Also provided are methods for removing heat from a body by selective thermal radiation using polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures. 1. A selective radiative cooling structure , the structure comprisinga selectively emissive layer comprising a polymer and a plurality of dielectric particles dispersed in the polymer, the volume percentage of the dielectric particles in the selectively emissive layer ranging from 1% to 25% and the particles characterized by an average size ranging from 3 μm to 30 μm;wherein the selective radiative cooling structure is characterized by an average emissivity ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 over the wavelength range 7 μm to 14 μm.2. A method for removing heat from a body by selective thermal radiation , the method comprising the steps of:d. placing a selective radiative cooling structure in thermal communication with a surface of the body, the selective radiative cooling structure comprising a selectively emissive layer comprising a polymer, wherein the selectively emissive layer is in thermal communication with the body and the selective radiative cooling structure is characterized by an average emissivity ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 over the wavelength range 7 μm to 14 μm;e. transferring heat from the body to the selective radiative cooling structure; andf. radiating heat from selectively emissive layer of the selective radiative cooling structure.3. A cold collection system comprisingg. a plurality of cold collection devices, each cold collection device configured to be in thermal communication a cooling fluid;h. a plurality of selective radiative cooling structures, each selective radiative cooling structure in thermal communication with the surface of one of the plurality of cold ...

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Номер записи: 67
14-01-2021 дата публикации

PAPER FOR TOTAL HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENT AND TOTAL HEAT EXCHANGE ELEMENT

Номер: US20210010765A1
Автор: HAMASAKI Yoshiyuki
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI PAPER MILLS LIMITED

An object of the present invention is to provide a paper for total heat exchange element, which has both of the heat transfer property and the moisture permeation property and is also excellent in the gas barrier property, and the present invention relates to a paper for total heat exchange element including a base paper containing a beaten natural pulp and a hygroscopic agent applied to the base paper, wherein a ratio of a fine fraction having a fiber length of 0.05 mm or less in the beaten natural pulp is from 10 to 25%. 1. A paper for total heat exchange element comprising:a base paper containing a beaten natural pulp, anda hygroscopic agent applied to the base paper,wherein a ratio of a fine fraction having a fiber length of 0.05 mm or less in the beaten natural pulp is from 10 to 25%.2. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of fibrillation of the beaten natural pulp is 4.5% or more.3. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 1 , wherein the beaten natural pulp is a softwood bleached kraft pulp.4. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 1 , wherein an application ratio of the hygroscopic agent is from 10 to 24% by weight.5. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness is from 20 to 60 μm.6. A total heat exchange element using the paper for total heat exchange element according to .7. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 2 , wherein the beaten natural pulp is a softwood bleached kraft pulp.8. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 2 , wherein an application ratio of the hygroscopic agent is from 10 to 24% by weight.9. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 3 , wherein an application ratio of the hygroscopic agent is from 10 to 24% by weight.10. The paper for total heat exchange element according to claim 2 , wherein a thickness is from 20 to 60 μm.11. The paper for total ...

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Номер записи: 68
14-01-2021 дата публикации

WAVELENGTH-SELECTIVE ABSORPTIVE MATERIAL, INFRARED SENSOR, WAVELENGTH-SELECTIVE LIGHT SOURCE, AND RADIATION COOLING SYSTEM

Номер: US20210011207A1
Автор: YASUDA Hideki
Принадлежит:

Provided is a wavelength-selective absorptive material which includes, in the following order: a base material; a reflective layer; and a high refractive index layer having a refractive index n of 3.0 or more with respect to infrared light having a wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm, having a thickness d of 30 nm to 1,000 nm, and containing a binder and flat metal particles; and an infrared absorptive layer having a maximum absorption wavelength in a wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm, in which a product n×d of the refractive index n and the thickness d is more than 1,000 and less than 4,875. 1. A wavelength-selective absorptive material comprising , in the following order:a base material;a reflective layer;a high refractive index layer having a refractive index n of 3.0 or more with respect to infrared light having a wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm, having a thickness d of 30 nm to 1,000 nm, and containing a binder and flat metal particles A; andan infrared absorptive layer having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm,wherein a product n×d of the refractive index n and the thickness d is more than 1,000 and less than 4,875.2. The wavelength-selective absorptive material according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared absorptive layer contains particles B having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm.3. The wavelength-selective absorptive material according to claim 2 , wherein the particles B have a reststrahlen band claim 2 , which results from phonon oscillation claim 2 , in the wavelength range of 8 μm to 13 μm.4. The wavelength-selective absorptive material according to claim 2 , wherein the particles B include a SiOparticle claim 2 , a SiC particle claim 2 , or a SiN particle.5. The wavelength-selective absorptive material according to claim 2 , wherein a volume content proportion of the particles B is 1% by volume to 50% by volume with respect to an entire infrared absorptive layer.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 69
09-01-2020 дата публикации

Cooling apparatus and methods of use

Номер: US20200011620A1
Автор: Chris Richard Jacobsen, David Lionel Sherrer, David Ryan Hobby, Todd Matthew Bandhauer
Принадлежит: Keysight Technologies Inc

Illustrative embodiments disclosed herein pertain to a cooling apparatus that includes a distributor plate and a conduit assembly. The conduit assembly allows a cooling fluid to flow downwards through a first set of holes in the distributor plate and onto a hot object placed below the distributor plate. The cooling fluid then flows upwards from the hot object into a second set of holes in the distributor plate. The first set of holes are shaped to offer a pressure increase to the cooling fluid flowing towards the hot object. The second set of holes are shaped to offer reduced resistance to the cooling fluid flowing away from the hot object. The distributor plate and the conduit assembly are fabricated from a material that is a heat insulator thereby preventing heat transfer from the cooling fluid flowing away from the hot object to the cooling fluid flowing towards the hot object.

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Номер записи: 70
15-01-2015 дата публикации

SURFACE TREATMENT METHOD FOR ALUMINUM HEAT EXCHANGERS

Номер: US20150013947A1
Автор: Hokka Junsuke, Matsui Norizumi, MIZUNO Akihiro, WADA Yuko
Принадлежит:

A surface treatment method for aluminum heat exchangers including (a) a step wherein a chemical conversion coating film is formed on the surface of an aluminum heat exchanger by subjecting the aluminum heat exchanger to chemical conversion using a chemical conversion agent; (b) a step wherein the aluminum heat exchanger, the surface of which has been provided with a chemical conversion coating film in step (a), is brought into contact with a hydrophilizing agent that contains a hydrophilic resin; and (c) a step wherein a hydrophilized coating film is formed on the surface of the aluminum heat exchanger by baking the aluminum heat exchanger, which has been subjected to a contact treatment in step (b). The chemical conversion agent used in step (a) contains zirconium and/or titanium in an amount of 5-5,000 ppm by mass in total, vanadium in an amount of 10-1,000 ppm by mass and a metal stabilizer in an amount of 5-5,000 ppm by mass. In addition, the chemical conversion agent used in step (a) has a pH of 2-6. 1. A surface treatment method for an aluminum heat exchanger , comprising:(a) a step of forming a chemical conversion film on a surface of the aluminum heat exchanger using a chemical conversion treatment agent;(b) a step of bringing the aluminum heat exchanger on which the chemical conversion film was formed on the surface in the step (a) into contact with a hydrophilization treatment agent containing a hydrophilic resin; and(c) a step of forming a hydrophilized film on the surface by baking the aluminum heat exchanger that was contact treated in the step (b),wherein the chemical conversion treatment agent used in the step (a) contains at least one of zirconium and titanium, wherein a content thereof is 5 to 5,000 ppm by mass in total, contains vanadium, wherein a content thereof is 10 to 1,000 ppm by mass, contains a metal stabilizer, wherein a content thereof is 5 to 5,000 ppm by mass, and has a pH of 2 to 6.2. The surface treatment method for aluminum heat ...

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Номер записи: 71
15-01-2015 дата публикации

Indoor unit for air conditioning device

Номер: US20150016808A1
Автор: Miki Yamada, Motonari Yamaguchi
Принадлежит: Daikin Industries Ltd

There is provided an indoor unit for an air conditioning device that can increase strength of a casing of the indoor unit and increase stability of the indoor unit, and promote cooling of an electric component. The indoor unit for the air conditioning device includes a casing formed with an intake port of air in a lower portion thereof, and formed with an exhaust port of the air in an upper portion thereof, a fan arranged inside the casing, and generating an air flow flowing from the intake port to the exhaust port, a heat exchanging device arranged below the fan inside the casing to exchange heat with the air taken into the casing from the intake port, and an electric component case provided at a position adjacent to a lateral side of the fan in a circulation space of the air in the casing and configured as a strengthening member of the casing.

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Номер записи: 72
03-02-2022 дата публикации

ENERGY CONVERSION APPARATUS

Номер: US20220034281A1
Автор: Akwara Aigbedion, Bellardi Jason Joseph, Gansler Michael Thomas, Marrero Ortiz Victor Luis, MOOK Joshua Tyler, Notarnicola Michael Robert, Osama Mohamed, Sennoun Mohammed El Hacin, Thompson Mary Kathryn, VandeVoorde Kevin Michael, Waun Scott Douglas
Принадлежит:

An engine body may include a piston body comprising a piston chamber and a regenerator body comprising a regenerator conduit. An engine body may include a working-fluid heat exchanger body comprising a plurality of working-fluid pathways fluidly communicating between the piston chamber and the regenerator conduit. Additionally, or alternatively, an engine body may include a heater body comprising a plurality of heating fluid pathways and the plurality of working-fluid pathways. The heating fluid pathways may have a heat transfer relationship with the working fluid pathways. The working-fluid pathways may fluidly communicate between the piston chamber and the regenerator conduit. The engine body may include a monolithic body defined at least in part by the piston body, the regenerator body, and the working-fluid heat exchanger body, and/or defined at least in part by the piston body, the regenerator body, and the heater body. 120-. (canceled)21. An engine body , comprising:a piston body comprising a piston chamber;a regenerator body comprising a regenerator conduit; anda working-fluid heat exchanger body comprising a plurality of working-fluid pathways fluidly communicating between the piston chamber and the regenerator conduit;wherein the engine body comprises a monolithic body defined at least in part by the piston body, the regenerator body, and the working-fluid heat exchanger body.22. The engine body of claim 21 , comprising:a heater body comprising a plurality of heating fluid pathways having a heat transfer relationship with the plurality of working fluid pathways.23. The engine body of claim 22 , wherein the heater body defines at least a portion of a monolithic body-segment coupled to the engine body.24. The engine body of claim 22 , wherein the heater body defines a portion of the monolithic body.25. The engine body of claim 21 , comprising:a combustor body defining a combustion chamber.26. The engine body of claim 25 , wherein the combustor body defines at ...

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Номер записи: 73
18-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM FOR COATING HEAT TRANSFER TUBE FOR CONDENSER

Номер: US20180015499A1
Автор: Kim Hyun Sik, KIM Jin Bum
Принадлежит:

A system for coating a heat transfer tube for a condenser is disclosed. The system simplifies a process of coating the heat transfer tube, and is able to uniformly coat a plurality of heat transfer tubes. In addition, the system is economically feasible in that coating solution can be reused by collecting and circulating it. Due to super-hydrophobic coating, the size of a droplet condensed on the surfaces of the heat transfer tubes coated by the system can be reduced, and a condensation heat transfer coefficient can be increased. 1. A system for coating a surface of a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged in a cylindrical bundle , the system comprising:a spray unit disposed at a location away from an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical bundle and configured to supply a coating solution to the cylindrical bundle;one or more spray nozzle units coupled to the spray unit and configured to coat outer circumferential surfaces of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the cylindrical bundle with the coating solution;a recovery unit configured to collect a remaining coating solution after the coating solution is sprayed from the one or more spray nozzle units and the outer circumferential surface of the plurality of heat transfer tubes are coated with the coating solution;a circulation unit coupled with the recovery unit and the spray unit and configured to supply the remaining coating solution collected in the recovery unit to the spray unit; anda first rotating unit and a second rotating unit provided to support and rotate the cylindrical bundle.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second rotating units support a lower portion of the cylindrical bundle respectively at longitudinal opposite ends of the cylindrical bundle.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second rotating units rotate in a same direction.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the circulation unit comprises:a first connection pipe coupled ...

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Номер записи: 74
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COOLING A FLUID WITH A MICROCHANNEL EVAPORATOR

Номер: US20220034590A1
Автор: Adomat Berthold
Принадлежит: Hyfra Industriekuhlanlagen GmbH

A microchannel evaporator includes a plurality of microchannels. Each of the plurality of microchannels includes a first end and a second end. A first end-tank is coupled to each first end of the plurality of microchannels and a second end-tank is coupled to each second end of the plurality of microchannels. A second-fluid inlet is coupled to either the first end-tank or the second end-tank and configured to receive a fluid into the microchannel evaporator and a second-fluid outlet is coupled to either the first end-tank or the second end-tank and configured to expel the fluid from the microchannel evaporator. Each microchannel of the plurality of microchannels includes at least one bend along a length thereof. 1. A microchannel evaporator comprising:a plurality of microchannels, each microchannel of the plurality of microchannels comprising a first end and a second end;a first end-tank coupled to said each first end of the plurality of microchannels;a second end-tank coupled to said each second end of the plurality of microchannels;an inlet coupled to either the first end-tank or the second end-tank and configured to receive a fluid into the microchannel evaporator;an outlet coupled to either the first end-tank or the second end-tank and configured to expel the fluid from the microchannel evaporator;wherein each microchannel has a length that extends between the first and second end-tanks, the length being made up of a central portion, wherein the central portion comprises the length between a first end portion closest to the first end tank and a second end portion closest to the second end tank;a plurality of fins disposed along only the central portion between at least two microchannels of the plurality of microchannels; andan agitator disposed in proximity to the microchannel evaporator and configured to add turbulence to a flow of the fluid.2. The microchannel evaporator of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the outlet is larger than a diameter of the inlet.3. The ...

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Номер записи: 75
03-02-2022 дата публикации

FLOW PATH RESISTOR AND HEAT EXCHANGER

Номер: US20220034606A1
Автор: Hara Nobuhide, HIRAOKA Satoshi, ISHIGURO Tatsuo, Kasahara Jiro, Kirihara Kenji, Kondo Yoshiyuki, Nakamura Taichi, ODA Takuo
Принадлежит:

A plurality of resistance-imparting portions (A to E) are disposed adjacent to each other. A first contraction flow portion forming one of the resistance-imparting portions (A to E) adjacent to each other is in communication with an enlarged diameter portion forming another resistance-imparting portion. First contraction flow portions (AH to DH) forming the resistance-imparting portions (A to E) adjacent to each other are disposed at different positions in a direction in which an outer frame member () extends. 1. A flow path resistor comprising:an outer frame member configured to partitiona fluid introduction port formed at one end of the outer frame member, the fluid introduction port being configured to introduce fluid,a fluid lead-out port formed at another end of the outer frame member, the fluid lead-out port being configured to draw out the fluid, anda hollow portion configured to communicate the fluid introduction port and the lead-out port,the outer frame member extending in one direction; anda plurality of resistance-imparting portions disposed inward of an outer surface of the outer frame member, the plurality of resistance-imparting portions including a first contraction flow portion configured to contract flow of the fluid, and an enlarged diameter portion disposed in the hollow portion and being configured to communicate with the first contraction flow portion,wherein the plurality of resistance-imparting portions are disposed adjacent to each other,of the plurality of resistance-imparting portions adjacent to each other, the first contraction flow portion forming one of the plurality of resistance-imparting portions is in communication with the enlarged diameter portion forming another one of the plurality of resistance-imparting portions, anda plurality the first contraction flow portions forming the plurality of resistance-imparting portions adjacent to each other are disposed at different positions in a direction in which the outer frame member ...

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Номер записи: 76
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Radiator, as well as space vehicle structure comprising such radiator

Номер: US20190016482A1
Автор: Bruin BENTHEM
Принадлежит: Airbus Defence and Space Netherlands BV

A radiator comprising at least one heat conductive layer having an in-plane heat conductivity of at least 500 W/mK and at least one heat emission layer in contact with the heat conductive layer, wherein the emission layer has an exposed surface with an emissivity of at least 0.7. Preferably, the heat conductive layer comprises a carbon-based material. The radiator is to be used in combination with a space vehicle structure, and due to its flexible character may be conformed to the particular shapes of such structure.

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Номер записи: 77
21-01-2016 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGE LAMINATE

Номер: US20160018171A1
Автор: BEURSKENS-LINSSEN Margo H.J., DU BUF Gerrit P.J., VAN DEN KERKHOF Franciscus M.G., ZWEEDIJK Johan J.
Принадлежит: OCE-TECHNOLOGIES B.V.

The invention relates to a heat exchange laminate for use as a heat exchange member in a heat exchange unit, comprising a base layer extending substantially planar, said base layer being bilaterally coated with a contact layer. The contact layer is electrical conductive and is substantially non-metallic. At least one of the contact layers has an embossed contact surface. The invention further relates to the use of the heat exchange laminate and to a heat exchange unit and a printing system comprising such a heat exchange laminate.

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Номер записи: 78
21-01-2016 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGE LAMINATE

Номер: US20160018172A1
Автор: BEURSKENS-LINSSEN Margo H.J., DU BUF Gerrit P.J., SCHULKES Joseph A., VAN DEN KERKHOF Franciscus M.G.
Принадлежит: OCE-TECHNOLOGIES B.V.

The invention relates to a heat exchange laminate for use as a heat exchange member in a heat exchange unit, comprising a base layer extending substantially planar, said base layer being bilaterally coated with an electrical conductive contact layer. The contact layer comprises a high molecular weight polyethylene and a carbon black. The invention further relates to the use of the heat exchange laminate and to a heat exchange unit and a printing system comprising such a heat exchange laminate. 1. A heat exchange laminate for use as a heat exchange member in a heat exchange unit , comprising a base layer extending substantially planar , said base layer being bilaterally coated with an electrically conductive contact layer , wherein the electrically conductive contact layer comprises a high molecular weight polyethylene and a carbon black.2. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is provided in an amount of at least 3 wt % based on the total weight of the contact layer claim 1 , wherein the carbon black encloses polyethylene domains.3. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 2 , wherein the polyethylene domains have a number average domain size of at most 50 microns.4. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 2 , wherein the polyethylene domains of the contact layer are provided by a polyethylene powder having a volume average particle size of about 60 microns or smaller.5. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 2 , wherein the polyethylene domains in the contact layer are provided by a polyethylene powder having a volume average particle size of about 30 microns or smaller.6. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the polyethylene has a weight average molecular weight Mof at least 4×10g/mol.7. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive contact layer has a thickness of at most 200 microns.8. The heat exchange laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 79
18-01-2018 дата публикации

METAL-CERAMIC COATING FOR HEAT EXCHANGER TUBES OF A CENTRAL SOLAR RECEIVER AND METHODS OF PREPARING THE SAME

Номер: US20180017290A1
Автор: Bossmann Hans-Peter, Hasani Maryam Bahraini
Принадлежит:

Provided are metal-ceramic coatings for heat exchanger tubes of a central solar receiver and methods of preparing the same. The metal-ceramic coatings comprise at least one ceramic phase dispersed in a metal matrix and are disposed along the heat exchanger tubes to improve heat transfer and reduce oxidation of the heat exchanger tubes. Methods of preparing the metal-ceramic coatings and systems for using the same are provided. 1. A central solar receiver heat exchanger tube , comprising:a heat exchanger tube defining a surface, wherein the heat exchanger tube comprises a base material; anda metal-ceramic coating disposed along the surface of the heat exchanger tube, wherein the metal-ceramic coating comprises a metal matrix with at least one ceramic phase dispersed in the metal matrix.2. The central solar receiver heat exchanger tube according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ceramic phase comprises a non-oxide ceramic material claim 1 , and wherein the non-oxide ceramic material comprises SiC claim 1 , SiN claim 1 , TiSiC claim 1 , TiSiC claim 1 , TiAlC claim 1 , TiAlC claim 1 , CrAlC claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The central solar receiver heat exchanger tube according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one ceramic phase comprises an oxide ceramic material claim 1 , and wherein the oxide ceramic material comprises CoO claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , SiO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , MnO claim 1 , or combinations thereof.4. The central solar receiver heat exchanger tube according to claim 1 , wherein the metal-ceramic coating comprises a first ceramic phase and a second ceramic phase dispersed in the metal matrix claim 1 , and wherein the first ceramic phase comprises a non-oxide ceramic material and the second ceramic phase comprises an oxide ceramic material.5. The central solar receiver heat exchanger tube according to claim 1 , wherein the metal-ceramic coating comprises a first metal-ceramic layer and a second metal-ceramic layer claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 80
18-01-2018 дата публикации

METAL HEAT DISSIPATING PLATE

Номер: US20180017343A1
Автор: LIN CHENG-KUANG
Принадлежит:

A metal heat dissipating plate is provided. The metal heat dissipating plate includes a metal substrate, metal cladding layers, and graphite layers. The metal cladding layers are disposed on two surfaces of the metal substrate, and the graphite layers are intercalated into the metal cladding layers. Thus, the graphite layers can firmly bond to the metal substrate by the surface structure of the metal substrate and the metal cladding layer. The carbon film is made from graphite and thus has good thermal conductivity to increase the heat dissipating effect of electronic products and thus increase the service life thereof 1. A metal heat dissipating plate , comprising:a metal substrate having two opposite surfaces;two metal cladding layers respectively disposed on the two surfaces of the metal substrate; andtwo graphite layers respectively intercalated into the two metal cladding layers, wherein the graphite layers are made from graphite with a high purity of carbon content 99.9% refined by petroleum.2. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 1 , wherein the metal substrate is made from Cu claim 1 , Al claim 1 , stainless steel claim 1 , or cold-rolled steel.3. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 2 , wherein the metal substrate has a thickness of 10 μm-1.6 mm.4. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 3 , wherein the metal cladding layer is made from a metal of Ni claim 3 , Cr claim 3 , Ni—Cr alloy claim 3 , Ag claim 3 , or Ti.5. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 4 , wherein the metal cladding layers and the graphite layers are formed by vacuum magnetron sputtering.6. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 2 , wherein the metal cladding layer is made from a metal of Ni claim 2 , Cr claim 2 , Ni—Cr alloy claim 2 , Ag claim 2 , or Ti.7. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 2 , wherein the metal substrate has smooth surfaces or rough surfaces according to the material of the metal substrate.8. The metal heat dissipating plate of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 81
18-01-2018 дата публикации

INCREASING BOILING HEAT TRANSFER USING LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MATERIALS

Номер: US20180017344A1
Автор: McCarthy Matthew, Pollack Jordan Forrest, Rahman Mahamudur
Принадлежит: DREXEL UNIVERSITY

An apparatus having a heat transfer surface for transfer of heat from the apparatus to a liquid. The heat transfer surface includes at least two different materials and at least two of said materials have different thermal conductivities. A method of boiling at least one liquid which provides increased heat transfer from a heat transfer surface of an apparatus to a liquid comprising a step of boiling said liquid in contact with the apparatus, is also disclosed. Also described is a method of tuning a heat transfer surface by forming the heat transfer surface using at least two different materials having different thermal conductivities arranged in a predetermined spatial relationship including a spacing between the portions of one said material that is from about 0.1λto about 5λ, wherein λis a capillary length of a bubble of a predetermined liquid to be boiled using said heat transfer surface. 1. An apparatus having a heat transfer surface for transfer of heat from the apparatus to a liquid , said heat transfer surface comprising at least two different materials and wherein at least two of said materials have a ratio of thermal conductivities of greater than about 10:1 , and the material having the lowest of said thermal conductivities forms from about 1-60% of said heat transfer surface.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least two of said different materials have a ratio of thermal conductivities of greater than about 100:1.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the material having the lowest of said thermal conductivities forms from about 8-25% claim 1 , of said heat transfer surface.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said heat transfer surface is formed by only two said materials.5. The apparatus as claimed in wherein the heat transfer surface is a flat or substantially flat surface that is configured to generate a spatial variation in a temperature of the heat transfer surface at least when heat is provided to the heat ...

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Номер записи: 82
18-01-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAINTAINING EFFICIENCY OF A HEAT SINK

Номер: US20180017345A1
Автор: POLTORAK Alexander
Принадлежит:

A heatsink comprising a heat exchange device having a plurality of heat exchange elements each having a surface boundary with respect to a heat transfer fluid, having successive elements or regions having varying size scales. According to one embodiment, an accumulation of dust or particles on a surface of the heatsink is reduced by a removal mechanism. The mechanism can be thermal pyrolysis, vibration, blowing, etc. In the case of vibration, adverse effects on the system to be cooled may be minimized by an active or passive vibration suppression system. 1. A heatsink system comprising:a base structure configured to interface with a heat source;a heat exchange device configured to receive heat from the base structure, and emit the received heat from a heat exchange surface of a plurality of heat exchange elements, into an external surrounding heat exchange medium, the heat exchange surface being subject to accumulation of particles; and a particle dislodging device configured to mechanically disrupt and decrease an accumulation of particles on the plurality of heat exchange elements; and', 'a particle degrading device configured to induce a chemical modification of an accumulation of particles on the plurality of heat exchange elements., 'a particle accumulation reducing device, selected from one or more of the group consisting of2. The heatsink system according to claim 1 , wherein the particle accumulation reducing device comprises a particle dislodging device comprising a vibrator configured to vibrate a plurality of heat exchange elements comprising the heat exchange surface.3. The heatsink system according to claim 1 , wherein the particle accumulation reducing device comprises a particle dislodging device comprising at least one of a piezoelectric transducer claim 1 , an electromagnetic transducer claim 1 , and a rotating motor claim 1 , configured to induce a vibration in the plurality of heat exchange elements.4. The heatsink system according to claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 83
17-04-2014 дата публикации

Tubular condensers having tubes with external enhancements

Номер: US20140102134A1
Автор: Phillip F. Daly, Raymond E. Tucker, Steven P. Lankton
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Improvements in tubes, which increase the heat exchange capacity of tubular heat exchangers using the tubes, are described. These improvements involve the use of one or more external surface enhancements, optionally combined with an internal enhancement and/or differing tube geometries. These improvements apply, for example, to internal condensers, including those in which the tube bundles are oriented vertically, in vapor-liquid contacting apparatuses such as distillation columns.

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Номер записи: 84
16-01-2020 дата публикации

Flow-type carbonization device with improved disinfection properties and beverage dispenser having such device

Номер: US20200017349A1
Автор: Bissen Monique, Schucker Josef
Принадлежит:

A flow-type carbonization device includes: a first pipe, in which beverage to be carbonized and carbon dioxide flows and a second pipe, in which beverage to not to be carbonized flows. At least one turbulence generation element is arranged in the first pipe. The first and second pipes are in thermal communication such that heat from a fluid flowing in the second pipe heats the first pipe for sterilizing the first pipe. In one embodiment, the first and second pipe are arranged concentrically. 1. A flow-type carbonization device , comprising:a first pipe, in which beverage to be carbonized and carbon dioxide flows; anda second pipe, in which beverage to not to be carbonized flows,wherein at least one turbulence generation element is arranged in the first pipe; andwherein the first and second pipes are in thermal communication such that heat from a fluid flowing in the second pipe heats the first pipe.2. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second pipes are arranged concentrically.3. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , wherein the first pipe is arranged around the second pipe.4. The flow-type carbonization device according to of claim 1 , wherein the at least one turbulence generation element reduces the cross section of the first pipe.5. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of turbulence generation elements that is arranged apart serially in the flow direction of the beverage in the first pipe.6. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of turbulence generation openings that is arranged apart radially on the turbulence generation element.7. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of turbulence generation openings is arranged apart around the circumference of the turbulence generation element.8. The flow-type carbonization device according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 85
17-04-2014 дата публикации

Heat transfer enhancement for a condensing furnace

Номер: US20140102673A1
Автор: Arindom Joardar, Brian D. Videto, Mathew S. Vargo, Michael F. Taras, Michael L. Brown
Принадлежит: Carrier Corp

A heat exchanger is provided including a plurality of heat exchanger tubes. A first fluid flows through each heat exchanger tube and a second fluid flows around an exterior of each heat exchanger tube. A turbulator is disposed within at least one of the heat exchanger tubes. The turbulator extends at least a portion of the length of the heat exchanger tube. The turbulator includes a generally flat sheet of material having a plurality of integrally formed turbulence generating elements. The turbulence generating elements extend from a plane of the sheet of material into the first fluid flow. A disturbance is created in the first fluid flow adjacent each turbulence generating element.

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Номер записи: 86
17-01-2019 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER FOR USE WITH EARTH-COUPLED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Номер: US20190017733A1
Автор: EDWARDS Roger G.
Принадлежит:

An air handling system that includes at least one earth-coupled heat exchanger assembly that further includes a first pipe section having an inner diameter and an outer diameter; a second pipe section concentrically surrounding a portion of the first pipe section, wherein the second pipe section includes an inner diameter and an outer diameter, wherein the outer diameter of the first pipe section and the inner diameter of the second pipe section define a space therebetween, and wherein the space between the first pipe section and the second pipe section is evacuated to form an insulating vacuum therein; and a third pipe section concentrically surrounding a portion of the second pipe section, wherein the third pipe section includes an inner diameter and an outer diameter, and wherein the outer diameter of the second pipe and the inner diameter of the third pipe section define a passageway therebetween. 1. An air handling system , comprising: (i) a first pipe section, wherein the first pipe section includes an inner diameter and an outer diameter;', '(ii) a heat-transfer reducing insulator that includes a second pipe section concentrically surrounding a portion of the first pipe section, wherein the second pipe section includes an inner diameter and an outer diameter, wherein the outer diameter of the first pipe section and the inner diameter of the second pipe section define a space therebetween, wherein the space between the first pipe section and the second pipe section is evacuated to form an insulating vacuum therein, and', '(iii) a third pipe section concentrically surrounding a portion of the second pipe section, wherein the third pipe section includes an inner diameter and an outer diameter, and wherein the outer diameter of the second pipe and the inner diameter of the third pipe section define a passageway therebetween,', '(iv) wherein the heat-transfer reducing insulator is operative to reduce heat transfer between the first pipe section and the third pipe ...

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Номер записи: 87
17-01-2019 дата публикации

RADIATIVE COOLING WITH SOLAR SPECTRUM REFLECTION

Номер: US20190017758A1
Автор: Anoma Marc A., Fan Shanhui, Goldstein Eli, Raman Aaswath Pattabhi, Rephaeli Eden, Zhu Linxiao
Принадлежит:

Various aspects as described herein are directed to a radiative cooling apparatuses and methods for cooling an object. As consistent with one or more embodiments, a radiative cooling apparatus includes an arrangement of a plurality of different material located at different depths along a depth dimension relative to the object. The plurality of different material includes a solar spectrum reflecting portion configured and arranged to suppress light modes, thereby inhibiting coupling of the incoming electromagnetic radiation, of at least some wavelengths in the solar spectrum, to the object at a range of angles of incidence relative to the depth dimension. Further, the plurality of material includes a thermally-emissive arrangement configured and arranged to facilitate, simultaneously with the inhibiting coupling of the incoming electromagnetic radiation, the thermally-generated electromagnetic emissions from the object at the range of angles of incidence and in mid-IR wavelengths. 1. A method comprising:exposing an arrangement to the sky, the arrangement including a plurality of different materials located at different depths along a depth dimension relative to an object, andin response to the exposure, simultaneously reflecting incoming electromagnetic radiation of at least some wavelengths in the solar spectrum and emitting thermally-generated electromagnetic emissions in mid-infrared (IR) wavelengths from the object by the plurality of different materials, and thereby providing radiative cooling of the object below an ambient air temperature in response to the direct sunlight striking the arrangement.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a thermally-emissive portion of the arrangement is without patterned holes.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the simultaneous reflecting of the incoming electromagnetic radiation is selectively in the atmospheric transparency window.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the simultaneous reflecting incoming of electromagnetic radiation ...

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Номер записи: 88
22-01-2015 дата публикации

Micro gas turbine system havnig an annular recuperator

Номер: US20150020500A1
Автор: Frieder Neumann, Holger Alder, Karl-Friedrich Schröder, Lina Kling, Mathias Born, Ornella Mattner, Thomas Dziekan
Принадлежит: Babcock Borsig Steinmueller GmbH

A micro gas turbine system ( 16 ) having an annular recuperator ( 24 ). The recuperator ( 24 ) serves to transfer heat from an exhaust stream ( 27 ) of the turbine ( 17 ) to an air stream ( 23 ) compressed by a compressor ( 19 ). Passages ( 1 ) for the exhaust stream ( 27 ) and passages ( 2 ) for the air stream ( 23 ) are arranged in alternation to each other in the recuperator ( 24 ). Adjacent passages ( 1, 2 ) are separated from each other by at least one wall ( 15 ). A filler ( 5 ) is arranged in the passages ( 1, 2 ) of at least one fluid stream.

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Номер записи: 89
22-01-2015 дата публикации

Turbulence Enhancer for Keel Cooler

Номер: US20150020996A1
Автор: Horvat Frank E., JR. P. Charles, MILLER
Принадлежит: Duramax Marine, LLC

A keel cooler assembly comprising a coolant tube including a plurality of turbulence enhancers for improving the heat transfer of the coolant without substantially increasing pressure drop of the coolant. In one embodiment, the turbulence enhancers provide a means for generating turbulent wakes in the coolant for disrupting laminar boundary layers for improving heat transfer. In another embodiment, the turbulence enhancers provide a means for generating and propagating turbulent vortexes in the coolant to enhance mixing of the bulk coolant for improving heat transfer. In other embodiments, turbulators, including inserts or impediments, are provided having various configurations and being arranged in predetermined patterns for enhancing turbulence of the coolant for improving keel cooler heat transfer efficiency without substantially increasing pressure drop. 1. A keel cooler assembly for use on a marine vessel , said keel cooler assembly exchanging heat with an internal coolant flowing through the keel cooler assembly , said keel cooler assembly comprising:a header; at least one inlet for ingress of the coolant;', 'at least one outlet for egress of the coolant;', 'an elongated body portion extending between said at least one inlet and said at least one outlet, said elongated body portion including an interior surface forming an internal channel for allowing flow of the coolant in a longitudinal direction along a length of said elongated body portion; and, 'at least one coolant tube extending in a longitudinal direction from said header, said at least one coolant tube comprisinga means for enhancing the turbulence of the coolant flowing through said at least one coolant tube for improving heat transfer without substantially increasing pressure drop of the coolant above an identical at least one coolant tube lacking said means for enhancing turbulence;wherein said means for enhancing turbulence comprises a plurality of turbulence enhancers extending inwardly into said ...

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Номер записи: 90
22-01-2015 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR COOLING AND/OR HEAT RECOVERY

Номер: US20150021001A1
Автор: Van Heeswijk Frederik Simon
Принадлежит: KAMPMANN GMBH

An apparatus () for cooling and/or for heat recovery, the apparatus () being expandable in modular fashion in a simple manner without thereby prejudicing efficiency. For this purpose, the invention envisages forming an apparatus () from a plurality of heat exchanger modules () that can be assembled together, each having a heat exchanger. 110291111291129. An apparatus () for cooling and/or for heat recovery having at least one heat exchanger () , comprising a plurality of heat exchanger modules () which can be assembled together , wherein each of the plurality of heat exchanger modules () comprises a heat exchanger () , and the heat exchanger modules () can be assembled together in such a way that the heat exchangers () thereof can be operated in parallel.21011. The apparatus () as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of heat exchanger modules () can be coupled together claim 1 , preferably stacked together claim 1 , vertically one above the other and/or horizontally adjacent to one another.3101117171818. The apparatus () as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of heat exchanger modules () has at least one air inlet opening () claim 1 , preferably two air inlet openings () and at least one air outlet opening () claim 1 , preferably two air outlet openings ().410171811112120. The apparatus () as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the air inlet openings () and the air outlet openings () of successive heat exchanger modules () are situated one above the other and the heat exchanger modules () have a common supply air duct () and a common exhaust air duct ().5101718112021. The apparatus () as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the air inlet openings () and the air outlet openings () of successive heat exchanger modules () can be supplied in the same way claim 4 , preferably in parallel claim 4 , by the common exhaust air duct () and the common supply air duct ().610113735373511. The apparatus () as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of heat ...

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Номер записи: 91
21-01-2021 дата публикации

Apparatus and Method for Solar Heat Collection

Номер: US20210018184A1
Автор: Hokanson Daniel S., Smith Greg M.
Принадлежит:

Subterranean thermal capacitance for an environmental-control apparatus mechanized via a solar thermal system. The method and apparatus use a solar collector and a plurality of heating-energy-storage cells that are each thermally insulated from one another, wherein heating energy-transfer fluid (HETF) coming from the solar collector is transferred to the energy-storage cell having the highest temperature that is greater than the temperature of the HETF, in order to segregate energy-storage cells to more efficiently store heating energy. Some embodiments further include an energy radiator that radiates thermal energy to an environment and thereby cools a cooling-energy-transfer fluid (CETF) and a plurality of cooling-energy-storage cells that are each thermally insulated from one another, wherein the CETF coming from the energy radiator is transferred to the cooling-energy-storage cell having the lowest temperature that is lower than the temperature of the ETF, in order to segregate cooling-energy-storage cells to more efficiently store cooling energy. 1. An apparatus comprising:a solar collector that absorbs solar energy and heats an energy-transfer fluid (ETF);a first plurality of energy-storage cells that are each thermally insulated from one another, wherein the first plurality of energy-storage cells includes a first energy-storage cell and a second energy-storage cell;a first pump;a first plurality of temperature sensors, wherein the first plurality of temperature sensors includes a first temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the first energy-storage cell and a second temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the second energy-storage cell and a third temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the ETF coming from the solar collector;a first plurality of valves;a controller, operatively coupled to the first pump, to the first plurality of temperature sensors, and to the first plurality of valves, wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 92
16-01-2020 дата публикации

Thermal interface assembly

Номер: US20200018562A1
Автор: Darryl J. Edwards
Принадлежит: TRW AUTOMOTIVE US LLC

A thermal interface assembly for transferring heat from a heat generating component to a heat dissipating component. The thermal interface assembly includes a plurality of discrete thermal sheets attached to a resilient pad.

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Номер записи: 93
21-01-2021 дата публикации

HEAT EXCHANGER ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

Номер: US20210018281A1
Автор: GOMSE David, GROHMANN Steffen
Принадлежит:

A heat exchanger element for being in contact with a gas includes a solid surface coated with a layer of a predetermined material. The layer is configured to enhance the heat transfer between the solid surface and the gas by thermo-acoustic impedance matching. 1. A heat exchanger element for being in contact with a gas , the heat exchanger element comprising:a solid surface coated with a layer of a predetermined material, the layer being configured to enhance the heat transfer between the solid surface and the gas by thermo-acoustic impedance matching.2. The heat exchanger element according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined material is a material with values of thermo-acoustic impedance between the values of the heat exchanger element and the gas.3. The heat exchanger element according to claim 1 , wherein the layer has a thickness in a range between 1 μm to 100 μm.4. The heat exchanger element according to claim 1 , wherein the solid surface has a flat section or at least one section with a predetermined structuring and/or topology or a combination of both.5. The heat exchanger element according to claim 1 , wherein the solid surface has a section which has a tubular shape with an outer surface and/or an inner surface and/or a cylindrical shape with an outer surface and/or an inner surface.6. A method for coating a heat exchanger element being in contact with a gas claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger element comprises a solid surface claim 1 , the method comprising:coating the solid surface with a layer of a predetermined material, wherein the layer is configured to enhance the heat transfer between the solid surface and the gas by thermo-acoustic impedance matching.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the predetermined material is a non-crystalline material having intermediate values of thermo-acoustic impedance.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein coating the solid surface with the layer is performed by slot-die coating claim 6 , doctor ...

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Номер записи: 94
21-01-2016 дата публикации

THERMAL INTERFACE DEVICE WITH MICROPOROUS SEAL CAPABLE OF PREVENTING THE MIGRATION OF THERMAL GREASE

Номер: US20160021781A1
Автор: DAMIANO Olivier, JOUANNE Pierre, LEGRAND Silvain
Принадлежит:

A thermal interface device comprises a film of thermal grease intended to be inserted between a first object and a second object, and a microporous seal encircling the periphery of the film of thermal grease. A manufacturing method comprises steps of: deposition of the microporous seal on the first object in such a way as to form a closed frame on the first object; deposition of the thermal grease on the first object, inside the closed frame; smoothing of the thermal grease bearing on the frame of microporous seal, making it possible to form the film of thermal grease encircled by the microporous seal; and deposition of the second object on the film of thermal grease. 1. A thermal interface device , comprising: a film of thermal grease intended to be inserted between a first object and a second object , and a microporous seal encircling the periphery of the film of thermal grease.2. The thermal interface device according to claim 1 , in which the microporous seal is oil-repelling and permeable to air.3. The device according to claim 1 , in which the microporous seal comprises a microporous film of polytetrafluoroethylene.4. The device according to claim 1 , in which the microporous seal includes an electrically conductive filler.5. The device according to claim 1 , in which the thermal grease comprises a binder and a thermally conductive filler promoting the heat transfer claim 1 , the average diameter of the pores of the microporous seal being less than the average diameter of the filler so as to prevent the migration of the thermally conductive filler.6. The device according to claim 1 , in which the microporous seal exhibits a friction coefficient greater than 0.25.7. The device according to claim 1 , in which the microporous seal has a thickness of between 150 and 180 μm.8. A microporous seal of a thermal interface device according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , on one face claim 1 , an adhesive film and a mould-stripping film; the mould-stripping ...

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Номер записи: 95
21-01-2021 дата публикации

PASSIVE COOLING ARTICLES HAVING A FLUOROPOLYMER

Номер: US20210018713A1
Автор: Black William B., Hebrink Timothy J., Johnson Stephen A., Meyer Kenneth A., Miller Craig A., Patzman Derek W.
Принадлежит:

A passive cooling article is disposed on a substrate to cool the substrate. The article includes an outer layer having a high absorbance in the atmospheric window region of the electromagnetic spectrum and having a high transmittance in the solar region of the spectrum. The article also includes a reflector having a high reflectivity in the solar region of the spectrum. At least one of the outer layer and the reflector includes a fluoropolymer. Micro-sized particles or surface structures may be disposed in or on the outer layer or the reflector to improve absorbance. A metallic layer may be disposed between the fluoropolymer and the substrate to be cooled. 1. A passive cooling article comprising:a reflector having an average reflectance of at least 85% in a first wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5 micrometers and comprising at least one optical layer; andan outer layer at least partially covering the reflector and having an absorbance of at least 0.15 in a second wavelength range from 8 to 13 micrometers, wherein the outer layer comprises a fluoropolymer.2. A passive cooling article comprising:a reflector having an average reflectance of at least 85% in a first wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5 micrometers, the reflector comprising a plurality of first optical layers and a plurality of second optical layers, wherein each of the first optical layers comprises a fluoropolymer; and{'sub': '90', 'an outer layer at least partially covering the reflector and comprising an array of inorganic particles effective Dparticle size of at most 40 micrometers.'}3. A passive cooling article comprising:a reflector having an average reflectance of at least 85% in a first wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5 micrometers, the reflector comprising a plurality of first optical layers and a plurality of second optical layers, wherein each of the first optical layers comprises a fluoropolymer; andan outer layer at least partially covering the reflector and comprising an array of surface ...

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Номер записи: 96
17-01-2019 дата публикации

MULTI-FRACTAL HEATSINK SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20190021186A1
Автор: POLTORAK Alexander
Принадлежит:

A heat sink comprising a heat exchange device having a large scale morphology over a scale range and a small scale texture over a scale range, wherein at least one of the large scale morphology and the small scale texture has a fractal-like self-similarity over a scale range. The large scale morphology and small scale texture may be independently defined and implemented, or be provided with a transitional range. The large scale morphology may be algorithmically optimized according to a set of geometrically constraints. The small scale texture may be optimized according to aerodynamic parameters and constraints. The heat sink may be dynamically varying, and/or operated in conjunction with a dynamically varying heat transfer medium supply. 1. A heat sink comprising:a heat transmissive body;a base of the heat transmissive body, configured to receive a heat load;an external surface of the heat transmissive body, comprising a plurality of elongated sections separated from each other by regions of an external heat transfer fluid, configured to transfer a heat load from the base to the external heat transfer fluid; anda physical multiscale pattern associated with the external surface, and being distinct from the plurality of elongated sections, the physical multiscale pattern being defined by an iterated function system and comprising a plurality of successive levels of branching separated by self-similar features extending between branching nodes, the physical multiscale pattern being configured to interact with a flow of the external heat transfer fluid around the external surface to disrupt a pattern of the flow.2. The heat sink according to claim 1 , further comprising a fan or blower claim 1 , configured to induce the flow of the external heat transfer fluid claim 1 , to cause a turbulent flow pattern of the external heat transfer fluid interacting with the physical multiscale pattern.3. The heat sink according to claim 2 , wherein the fan or blower is configured to ...

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Номер записи: 97
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Discontinuously operating desublimator for the separation of products out of gas mixtures

Номер: US20180021693A1
Автор: Frank W. SCHMITTER, Werner R. FRIEDL
Принадлежит: KELVION GMBH

A discontinuously operating desublimator for the recovery of products from gas mixtures is disclosed having a housing including an inner cooling line and a housing wall, inwardly directed lamellae arranged on an inside of the housing wall which can be cooled for the desublimation of the product by a cooling medium conducted through ducts on the housing wall. The housing is cylindrical and enables the product to be melted down by a change of pressure.

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Номер записи: 98
28-01-2016 дата публикации

Heat Transfer Management Apparatuses Having A Composite Lamina

Номер: US20160025430A1
Автор: Ercan Mehmet DEDE, Kenan Wang, Paul Donald SCHMALENBERG, Tsuyoshi Nomura
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Engineering and Manufacturing North America Inc

Heat transfer management apparatuses are disclosed. In one embodiment, a heat transfer management apparatus includes a composite lamina having an insulator substrate and a plurality of thermal conductor traces coupled to the insulator substrate, where the plurality of thermal conductor traces are arranged into a first enhanced thermal conduction region and a second enhanced thermal conduction region. The heat transfer management apparatus also includes a heat generating component mount coupled to the composite lamina and a temperature sensitive component mount coupled to the composite lamina and positioned distally from the heat generating component mount. At least one of the plurality of thermal conductor traces is in electrical continuity with the heat generating component mount and the temperature sensitive component mount, and at least one of the plurality of thermal conductor traces is electrically isolated from at least one of the heat generating component mount or the temperature sensitive component mount.

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Номер записи: 99
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Enhanced Heat Transfer In Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers

Номер: US20170023312A1
Автор: Urbanski Nicholas F.
Принадлежит:

The disclosure includes a heat exchanging apparatus, comprising a heat exchanger plate comprising a plurality of flow passages, and wherein each flow passage comprises at least one surface feature configured to change the flow characteristics of a linear flow along an axis of flow for the flow passage. The disclosure further includes a method of constructing a heat exchanger, comprising using additive manufacturing to form a first plate having a plurality of flow passages, wherein each of the flow passages has one or more integrally formed surface features, wherein the integrally formed surface features are configured to change the flow characteristics of a fluid flowed linearly along an axis of flow for the flow passage. 1. A heat exchanging apparatus , comprising:a heat exchanger plate comprising a plurality of flow passages, and wherein each flow passage comprises at least one integrally formed surface feature configured to change the flow characteristics of a linear flow along an axis of flow for the flow passage.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the surface feature is configured to:extend to between 1% and 90% of an average flow passage width of an associated flow passage,recess to between 1% and 90% of an associated flow passage wall, orpermit fluid communication between a first flow passage and a second flow passage.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each flow passage comprises a plurality of surface features claim 1 , wherein the plurality of surface features allow the linear flow as an aggregate flow to continue flowing along the axis of flow for the flow passage claim 1 , and wherein each of the plurality of surface features is spaced at regular intervals along the axis of flow for the flow passage.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each flow passage comprises a plurality of surface features claim 1 , and wherein at least a portion of the plurality of surface features are of uniform shape claim 1 , uniform size claim 1 , or both.5. The apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 100