ТЕНЗОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ ДАТЧИК И СИСТЕМА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ТАКИХ ДАТЧИКОВ

Изобретения относятся к измерительной технике, в частности к конструкции тензометрического датчика, системе определения его пространственного положения, способу определения его пространственного положения и измерительной системе с использованием тензометрического датчика. Тензометрический датчик (1) содержит подложку (2) для установки элемента (3), подвергаемого обратимому удлинению под действием силы, прикладываемой во время изменения сопротивления указанного элемента (3), и выполненного с возможностью удлинения вдоль измерительной оси указанного датчика. Согласно настоящему изобретению тензометрический датчик (1) содержит, по меньшей мере, один контрастный объект (5, 6), выполненный с возможностью отражения падающего светового пучка и расположенный на датчике (1) в заданном положении по отношению к измерительной оси (4) тензометрического датчика (1) и по отношению к центру тензометрического датчика (1), что обеспечивает возможность определения центра и измерительной оси (4) тензометрического ...

АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО С ПОДВИЖНОЙ КОНСТРУКЦИЕЙ, В ЧАСТНОСТИ РОБОТ

Изобретение относится к роботу. Робот содержит подвижную конструкцию, приводные средства для обеспечения перемещений подвижной конструкции, систему управления, содержащую блок управления и выполненную с возможностью управления приводными средствами, и сенсорное покрытие. Сенсорное покрытие покрывает подвижную конструкцию и включает сенсорные средства. Сенсорное покрытие содержит множество покрывающих модулей, каждый из которых имеет соответствующую несущую конструкцию заданной формы, с которой связан слой упруго-деформируемого материала. Множество покрывающих модулей содержит сенсорные покрывающие модули, содержащие сенсорные средства. Несущая конструкция покрывающих модулей имеет связанные с ней электрические соединительные средства, выполненные с возможностью разъемным образом обеспечить электрическое соединение между двумя различными покрывающими модулями, расположенными смежно друг к другу. В результате обеспечивается высокая степень взаимодействия между устройством и оператором и соблюдаются ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ГИБКОГО ДАТЧИКА ДЕФОРМАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике, а именно к изготовлению измерительного устройства, характеризуемого использованием электрических средств для измерения деформации твердых тел, и может быть использовано в промышленности для контроля упругих деформаций конструкций и деталей машин, в качестве сенсоров для робототехники и т.п. Способ изготовления гибкого датчика деформации включает использование в качестве подложки пластины вторичного полиэтилентерефталата, покрытой защитной полиэтиленовой пленкой. Сняв плёнку с одной стороны, пластину погружают на 1 минуту в серную кислоту концентрацией 98 мас.%, нагретую до 75°С. Затем промывают в дистиллированной воде под воздействием ультразвука и сушат на воздухе в течение 12 часов. Готовят первый раствор, смешивая 60,37-61,84 мас.% нитрата никеля (II) гексагидрата, 0,91-1,78 мас.% N,N-диметилформамида и 0,21-0,22 мас.% 0,4М раствора гидроксида натрия под воздействием ультразвука в течение 10 минут. Готовят второй раствор, смешивая 34,68- ...

Strain measurement with reduced time and material - using rosette strain gauges with associated amplifying evaluation and output units

Rosette strain gauges (6-8) are coupled with associated amplifier and output units. The amplified output signals of the strain gauges in each rosette (1-4) are converted by an evaluation unit (26) supplied by the amplifier unit (9) into values for the main normal strain, the main strain direction and the compensation strain. The values are fed to the output units (27-29). USE - For building structures having forces acting in several axes.

Measurement pick=up for force sensor - has spring connected to mechanical-electrical transducer which generates signal corresp. to variation in distance caused by force

A hollow cylindrical support (27) is aligned coaxially with two discs (29,30) bolted together (31,32) for application of force (F) through two coaxial diaphragms (35,36). A miniature mechanical-to-electric measurement transducer (38), e.g. of semiconductor material, is fixed to a plate (37) in the space between the discs (29,30), and coupled to the latter by respective springs (24,26) selected to have the same amount and time-constant of relaxation as the deformable section, and to compensate for temp. drift of the elastic modulus. ADVANTAGE - High sensitivity. Low current supply to transducer allows device to be used in explosive environments. Suppresses effects of temperature or oblique forces.

Machine part strain measurement - is performed by strain gauges mounted on deformable element to magnify strain

A strain transducer is used for measurement of strain or deformation of machine parts or other components under load using strain gauges. It has a deformable element fixed to the moving part by rigid supports at separate mounting points, so that the neutral section of the element is perpendicular to the main strain direction, The device is designed to detect relatively smal forces despite relatively large distances fixing elements, and to enable easy compensation for cross forces. At least one strain gauge (4) mounted parallel to the machine part surface on the deformation element (6) with its measurement direction in a main load direction.

Switch-key arm for mechanism to detect lateral position of moving material web, particularly covering of paper machine, has contact region, where web edge of material web comes into contact with contact region

The switch-key arm (1) has a contact region (4), where a web edge of a material web (5) comes into a contact with the contact region, and exerts a force on the switch-key arm. An elastic sub-area (2) is formed of multiple layers, where a resistance strain gauge (7) is attached at a side of one of the layers. The resistance strain gauge is spaced apart to provide a neutral fiber of the elastic sub-area.

METHOD OF DETERMINING INTERNAL STRESS WITHIN A MEMBER

... 1351859 Measuring internal stresses electrically KRAFTWERK UNION A G 19 April 1971 [4 April 1970] 27000/71 Heading G1N A method of determining internal stresses in a body comprises applying a strain gauge DMS to the surface of the body, cutting a slot or groove 2 adjacent the gauge, and measuring the change in surface strain arising as successive elements dz are cut from the bottom of the groove. From the measurements the internal stress parallel to the gauge at a depth z may be found, provided that a decay function Kz has been determined, and this is effected by a calibration test on a specimen wherein internal stresses are simulated by applied forces and a groove or slot is cut in a like manner to the test proper .#E the internal stress at a depth z is given by #@ = F(E À 1 Kz À d#z dZ) # where #z is the stress at a depth z. E is the modulus of elasticity. d#z/dz is the rate of change of surface strain with depth and Kz is decay function which is determined in the calibration test from ...

BRIDGE BALANCING CIRCUIT

Instrumented cable

Measuring the ratio R/R of a resistance half-bridge

The measuring circuit is used to measure the resistance ratio DELTA R/R in a resistance half-bridge comprising two series-connected resistors, of which the one resistor has the resistance R+ DELTA R and the other resistor the resistance R- DELTA R. The two resistances are traversed by the same current which generates a voltage drop at each resistor. By an integrating SC amplifier in successive sampling cycles difference voltages which are proportional to the difference between the voltage drops at the two resistors are integrated to give an integration voltage. Every time the integration voltage exceeds an upper threshold value or drops below a lower threshold value in a compensation cycle a compensation voltage directed oppositely to the difference voltage is superimposed on the integration voltage and is proportional to the sum of the voltage drops at the two resistors. As a measure of the resistance ratio DELTA R/R the ratio of the number of compensation cycles to the number of sampling ...

Transducer system

A system is provided for processing variable electrical signals from a plurality of strain gauge networks (1, 2, 3, 4) on a structure whereby a resultant electrical output from each network is only a function of a designated force which each network is intended to monitor and has been corrected for a reaction by the network to forces which other strain gauge networks on the structure are intended to monitor. The system includes interconnected processing means (5, 6, 7, 8) for connection to the networks (1, 2, 3, 4) whereby an electrical signal from each network is applied to an associated processing means. Each processing means (5, 6, 7, 8) has means to amplify, and optionally to invert, the signal received from its associated network (1, 2, 3, 4) and also has means incorporating selected electrical resistors (9, 10, 11, 12), to receive from the other processing means and to add to or subtract from the signal, a predetermined proportion of corresponding amplified and optionally inverted ...

Carbon Strain Gage

This invention relates to improvements in weldable strain gages of the type comprising a strain-sensing filament mechanically coupled to a strain-deformable housing. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the strain-sensing filament comprises a carbon strand.

Apparatus and method suitable for use with a munition

A further apparatus and method suitable for use with a munition

CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF CHANGES IN THE DISTANCE BETWEEN MEASURING POINTS

A sensor

STRAIN GAUGES

STRAIN GAUGES

Improved apparatus and method suitable for use with a munition

MEASURING SYSTEM FOR THE MONITORING OF THE STRUCTURAL CONDITION OF COMPOUND MATERIAL STRUCTURES

Schalungssystem, Ankervorrichtung, Ankerstab, Verwendung eines Ankerstabs und Verfahren

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schalungssystem (1) aufweisend wenigstens eine erste Schalungseinrichtung (2) und eine zweite Schalungseinrichtung (3), zwischen denen ein Verfüllraum (4) zur Aufnahme eines verfestigbaren Baustoffs ausgebildet ist. Ferner weist das Schalungssystem (1) wenigstens eine Ankervorrichtung (6) mit einem Ankerstab (5) auf, um die erste Schalungseinrichtung (2) und die zweite Schalungseinrichtung (3) miteinander zu verspannen. Vorgesehen ist eine Messeinrichtung (13), um eine durch das Verfüllen des verfestigbaren Baustoffs in den Verfüllraum (4) bedingte Längenänderung und/oder eine Querschnittsänderung des Ankerstabs (5) zu erfassen.

DEVICE FOR MEASURING BAR WORKING FORCES LOADED IN RAILWAY RAILS OR THE LIKE

DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF UPPER FLAT STRETCHES WITH THE MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL VOLTAGES IN CONSTRUCTION UNITS OF THE MACHINE OR BUILDING OF APPARATUSES

DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF UPPER FLAT STRETCHES WITH THE MEASUREMENT OF INTERNAL VOLTAGES IN CONSTRUCTION UNITS OF THE MACHINE OR BUILDING OF APPARATUSES

Device for measuring strain parameters of a generally cylindrical member of virtually any size

SENSING SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE STRUCTURAL HEALTH OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

GONIOMETER

BODY MEASURING DEVICE AND BODY MEASURING SYSTEM

... [Problem] To provide a body weight measuring device and a body weight measuring system that can be handled easily and can be used repeatedly even by a user without specialized measurement technology. [Solution] This body weight measurement device 10 is configured by having: a main body part 1 that is configured by a stretchable material and that forms a portion other than a sole portion of a piece of footwear; a sole part 2 that is configured by a stretchable material and that forms a sole portion having a footwear shape; a wearing opening part 3 that forms an opening that serves as a wearing opening for a sock; and a measurement processing part 4 that executes processing and the like of measurement values for measuring the size and shape of the foot of a user.

PROSTHETIC SENSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Systems and methods are disclosed for sensing forces, moments, temperature, inclination, acceleration and other parameters associated with prosthetic limbs. A plurality of sensor arrays are disposed on a support member, each array including a plurality of strain gauge sensors, each sensor outputting an electrical signal responsive to loading imposed on the support member through the prosthetic limb. Electronic circuitry in communication with the gauges is operative to receive the electrical signals from the strain gauges and provide a signal useful in the form, fit or function of the prosthetic limb. The strain gauges are configured to generate positive and negative (signed) voltages to determine moments, shear forces and off-center loading. The inclinometers may be used to simulate a goniometer. An unaffected limb electronics package and data collection module are disclosed to achieve an intelligent prosthetic endo component system.

METHOD OF DEPOSITION ONTO A SIC-COVERED SUBSTRATE

L'invention concerne un procédé pour le dépôt d'un revêtement sur une pièce dont la surface est en carbure de silicium (SiC). Ce procédé comporte les étapes suivantes : a) un traitement laser de la surface en SiC par superposition d'impacts laser, destiné à augmenter la rugosité de cette surface, b) un dépôt sur la surface en SiC d'un revêtement (30) par projection thermique atmosphérique. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de mesure de déformations, qui comprend un premier revêtement (30) d'alumine par projection thermique atmosphérique disposé sur la couche de carbure de silicium recouvrant le substrat de la pièce après le traitement de celle-ci par superposition d'impacts laser, une jauge de déformations (40) en filament libre disposée sur le revêtement (30), et un revêtement d'alumine supplémentaire par projection thermique atmosphérique disposé sur la jauge de déformations.

Extensometer

Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen des Verhältnisses zwischen einer Längenänderung zur Originallänge eines Artikels

Verfahren und Gerät zum gleichzeitigen direkten Bestimmen mehrerer Grössen, insbesondere mechanischer Spannungen, Momente und Querdehnungszahlen

VERFAHREN ZUR MESSUNG VON EIGENSPANNUNGEN IN BAUTEILEN DES MASCHINEN- ODER APPARATEBAUES UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DIESES VERFAHRENS.

Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Dehnungen an bewegten Objekten

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der Veränderungen des um einen bergmännischen Hohlraum anstehenden Gebirges mit Hilfe von Messankern

AUF EINEM PRUEFKOERPER WEGNEHMBAR ANGEORDNETE DEHNUNGSMESSVORRICHTUNG.

Stretch transmitter.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Dehnungstransmitter zum Erfassen einer Dehnung einer Struktur, umfassend einen Dehnkörper (3) mit einer Dehnachse mit Befestigungsvorrichtungen (5) zum Befestigen des Dehnkörpers an einer Struktur, sowie ein Messelement (6), welches mittig zwischen diesen Befestigungsvorrichtungen auf der Struktur auf der Dehnachse angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäss umfasst das Messelement einen statisch messenden, zu einer Vollbrücke verschalteten piezo-resistiven Silizium-Chip (8), der eine Spannung proportional zu seiner Dehnung abgibt. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Messen einer Dehnung, wobei die statischen Temperaturverhältnisse kompensiert werden.

Railway line or beam force measurement appts.

In the rail or beam being assessed is a blind hole, the bottom of which is in the plane for neutral fibres in the material and on which the expansion indicator is fitted. A casing (4) of elastically deformable material can be inserted in a hole (2) in the rail (1), and in the casing at least one expansion indicator is inserted to record its deformation. The casing external dimensions are smaller than the hole in the rail or beam, and for force conduct from the rail to the casing at least one prismatic or wedge-shaped component (7) produces a location in the area for the vertical neutral fibres (8) between the rail and the casing. The casing also has a raised part, with which it is at least partially linearly pressed against the inner surface of the hole in the area of the vertical neutral fibres in the rail. The hole in the rail can also pass right through it, and usually two expansion indicators (16) are used, the axes of which enclose an angle of 90 deg. to each other, and one of 45 deg ...

Stretch sensor with magnet assembly.

Ein auf die Messoberfläche mit Magneten aufbringbarer Dehnungssensor hat in der Aufpressseite elastische Elemente (6), welche ihrerseits stirnseitig dehnungsempfindliche Elemente (4) aufweisen. Diese elastischen Elemente stehen genau definiert gegenüber den Auflageflächen (5) vor. Diese elastischen Elemente werden dann beim Aufbringen der Magnetkraft so stark und definiert auf die Messoberfläche gepresst, dass die dehnungsempfindlichen Elemente kraftschlüssig und ohne Schlupf mit dieser verbunden sind und somit die auftretenden Oberflächendehnungen erfassen können. Dank dem definierten Vorsprung ist die Anpresskraft immer gleich und der Sensor kann einfach auf Block aufgepresst werden.

Device for measuring surface stretches on ferrousmagnetic surfaces.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung (1), welche ein Gehäuse (2) aufweist, das eine Auflagefläche (3) zur Auflage auf die zu messende Oberfläche (12) und wenigstens einen elektrische Signale erzeugenden Dehnungsmessstreifen (4) und einen Verstärker (5) aufweist. An der Auflagefläche ist wenigstens ein Permanentmagnet (6, 6´) derart angeordnet, dass der Dehnungsmessstreifen für den Messvorgang reibschlüssig auf die zu messende Oberfläche pressbar ist. Das Gehäuse weist ferner ein Sendemodul (7), eine Antenne (8) und eine elektrische Energiequelle (9) auf. Die vom Dehnungsmessstreifen erzeugten und durch den Verstärker verstärkten Messsignale können auf diese Weise drahtlos auf ein Empfängermodul (10) übertragen werden. Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls eine Messanordnung mit wenigstens einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung.

Ferromagnetic surface elongation measuring device for injection molding and die-casting machine utilized in industry, has amplifier amplifying measurement signals, where amplified signals are wirelessly transferable to receiver module

The device (1) has a cabinet (2) comprising a support surface (3) arranged on a to-be-measured ferromagnetic surface (12), and a strain gauge (4) for producing electric measurement signals. A permanent magnet (6) is arranged at the support surface such that the strain gauge is frictionally engaged for a measuring process and is pressable without sticking on the ferromagnetic surface. An amplifier (5) amplifies the measurement signals, where the amplified measurement signals are wirelessly transferable to a receiver module (10) i.e. universal serial busdrive. An independent claim is also included for a measuring arrangement measuring surface elongations on a ferromagnetic surface.

Load cell for electrically measuring negative and positive injection force in plastic-injection molding machine, has thin membrane bending in S-stripe form, and strain gauges measuring force and pressed by pressing-strain sensors

The cell has a load cell-steel body (9) screwed at a thick periphery of a support (1) and impinged with force (5) at a thick inner ring (10). A thin membrane (8) bends in an S-stripe form such that a strain gauge (6) is stretched and another strain gauge (7) is compressed. The strain gauges are installed in a full-bridge circuit and produce signals proportional to the force. The strain gauges measure the force, and are pressed by pressing-strain sensors (3). The strain gauges are screwed in a groove (11) by screws (4) and the sensors. The sensors are screwed on the membrane.

Load box.

Die Lastdose wird gebildet aus einem Lastdosen-Stahlkörper (9) und fest angeschraubten Aufpress-Dehnungssensoren (3), welche mittels aufgepressten Dehnungsmessstreifen (6) die Kraft (5) ohne aufwendige Klebung der Dehnungsmessstreifen messen können.

Oscillation string vibrating string for a voice sensor and sensor of strings.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schwingsaitensensor (50) mit einer Schwingsaite (51), die unter Messbedingungen einer zu detektierenden aktuellen Grösse entsprechend unterschiedlich gespannt wird, und mit einer Erregeranordnung zum Erregen der Schwingsaite (51) im Bereich ihrer jeweiligen Eigenfrequenz, wobei die Erregeranordnung wenigstens eine auf einem Längenabschnitt der Schwingsaite (51) vorgesehene Erregerschicht (52) mit einer piezoelektrischen Aktivierungsschicht (54) aufweist, welche je nach Aktivierungszustand verschiedene Längen aufweist und dadurch eine entsprechend andere Schwingungslage der Schwingsaite (51) hervorruft. Dadurch kann ein Schwingsaitensensor robuster ausgebildet werden, wobei zudem der Stromverbrauch erheblich geringer ausfällt. Die Erfindung betrifft weiter eine Schwingsaite mit einer Erregerschicht (52), die eine piezoelektrische Aktivierungsschicht besitzt.

Apparatus of measure of deformations.

Apparecchio (1) per misurare lo stato di deformazione esistente in un corpo, quale ad esempio una struttura, terreno o manufatto, l'apparecchio comprendente un supporto centrale (2) e una pluralità di barre (3) di forma rettilinea allungata che si estendono radialmente in diverse direzioni rispetto a detto supporto centrale, ciascuna barra avente una prima estremità collegata al supporto centrale e una seconda estremità fissabile al corpo oggetto di misurazione, l'apparecchio comprendente inoltre una pluralità di sensori (312) associati alle barre e disposti per misurare le deformazioni delle barre medesime.

Automatic calibration device and method for strain capacity collection system

Apparatus for detecting axial force in the digestive system

Carbon/graphene flexible strain sensor and preparation method thereof

DEVICE OF MEASUREMENT OF the VARIATIONS LENGTH Of TEST-TUBES UNDER MECHANICAL OR THERMOMECHANICAL LOADING

Dispositif de mesure de déformation d'une membrane

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure des déformations d'une membrane souple 1 scellée par sa périphérie à un support 2 et sur laquelle sont formées quatre jauges constituées d'une couche épaisse d'un matériau piézorésistif et connectées en pont de Wheatstone. Les jauges sont disposées de part et d'autre de la membrane avec, sur chaque face, une jauge R3, R4 au voisinage du centre et une jauge R1, R2 au voisinage de la périphérie. Une jauge centrale et la jauge périphérique de la face opposée sont connectées dans des branches opposées du pont, deux jauges de la même face ayant leur point de connexion relié à une borne d'alimentation du pont.*ER *ER Application à un capteur de pression.

EXTENSOMETRE ET PROCEDE POUR DETECTER LA DEFORMATION D'UN ELEMENT ALLONGEABLE

LA PRESENTE INVENTION CONCERNE UN EXTENSOMETRE POUR DETECTER L'ALLONGEMENT D'UN ELEMENT ALLONGEABLE. IL COMPORTE AU MOINS UN ORGANE FLEXIBLE 11 PORTANT UNE JAUGE DE CONTRAINTE SERVANT A MESURER LE FLECHISSEMENT DE L'ORGANE FLEXIBLE PAR RESSORT A SA CONFIGURATION NORMALE. L'ORGANE FLEXIBLE A UNE EXTREMITE LIBRE 13 ET EST FIXE A SON AUTRE EXTREMITE A UNE BASE SUPPORT 15. UN ORGANE DE SERRAGE 30 EST PREVU POUR RETENIR L'EXTREMITE LIBRE DE L'ORGANE FLEXIBLE EN APPUI CONTRE L'ELEMENT ALLONGEABLE 31 TOUT EN MAINTENANT LA BASE SUPPORT STATIONNAIRE PAR RAPPORT A CET ELEMENT DE SORTE QUE L'ALLONGEMENT DE L'ELEMENT EST DETECTE PAR LA DEFORMATION DE L'ORGANE FLEXIBLE. APPLICATION A LA DETECTION DE LIGAMENTS TRAUMATISES.

Concrete structure strain gauge extensometer - has strain gauged strip attached to spherical point and fixed frame bolted to structure

A METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT A DEPOSIT ON A SUBSTRATE COVERED WITH SIC

L'invention concerne un procédé pour le dépôt d'un revêtement sur une pièce dont la surface est en carbure de silicium (SiC). Ce procédé comporte les étapes suivantes : a) un traitement laser de la surface en SiC par superposition d'impacts laser, destiné à augmenter la rugosité de cette surface, b) un dépôt sur la surface en SiC d'un revêtement (30) par projection thermique atmosphérique. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de mesure de déformations, qui comprend un premier revêtement (30) d'alumine par projection thermique atmosphérique disposé sur la couche de carbure de silicium recouvrant le substrat de la pièce après le traitement de celle-ci par superposition d'impacts laser, une jauge de déformations (40) en filament libre disposée sur le revêtement (30), et un revêtement d'alumine supplémentaire par projection thermique atmosphérique disposé sur la jauge de déformations.

Device for measuring mechanical deformation at surface of structure, has power supply units generating supply current from mechanical deformation of structure measured by piezo-resistive gauges, to supply current to microsystem

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure adapté à mesurer des déformations mécaniques à la surface d'une structure soumise à des sollicitations cycliques, du type comprenant un microsystème électromécanique comportant un substrat (10) de silicium monocristallin comprenant au moins une première zone active (20) sur laquelle sont formées quatre jauges piézo-résistives (11, 12, 13, 14) interconnectées de manière à former un pont de Wheatstone et au moins une seconde zone active (24-27) sur laquelle sont intégrés des moyens (15) d'amplification et de transmission du signal de sortie du pont de Wheatstone, ledit dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'alimentation en courant du microsystème électromécanique, adaptés à générer un courant d'alimentation à partir des déformations mécaniques de la structure mesurées par les jauges piézo-résistives.

SENSOR Of ELONGATION AND ELECTRIC ACTIVITY

FLEXIBLE STRUCTURE WITH STRAIN GAUGE, APPLICATION TO ACCUMULATORS LITHIUM FLEXIBLE PACKAGES

EXTENSOMETER AND a METHOD FOR DETECTING the DEFORMATION Of an EXTENSIBLE ELEMENT

Procedure and device for measuring the changes of the mountains lining up around a bergmännischen cavity by measuring anchors

Transducer comprising strain gauges

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE AND HIGH BANDWIDTH MEMORY DEVICE

BENDING SENOR AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, CAPABLE OF EASILY APPLYING TO A FLEXIBLE DISPLAY DEVICE

PURPOSE: A bending senor and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to form a bending sensing structure within a thickness range of a flexible display element by forming electrode patterns and paste layer on a flexible substrate, thereby easily enabling to reduce the thickness of the flexible display device. CONSTITUTION: A bending senor comprises a flexible substrate(11), a pair of electrode patterns(13), and a paste layer(15). The pair of electrode patterns is provided on the flexible substrate by being spaced from each other. The paste layer includes conductive particles and is spread on the flexible substrate where the electrode patterns are formed. Electric resistance between the electrode patterns is varied when the flexible substrate is bent because the density of the conductive particles between the electrode patterns is varied. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2013 ...

FLEXIBLE BAND COMPRISING MEANS FOR CHARACTERIZING ITS GEOMETRY

The present invention relates to a flexible band comprising a plurality of disjoint measurement zones, one at least of these measurement zones comprising an anterior axial sensor CA11 appearing on the anterior face of this band so as to measure the axial deformation thereof along its longitudinal axis AX. Moreover, one at least of these measurement zones comprises a first oblique sensor CO13, CO14 appearing on one of the faces of this band so as to measure the oblique deformation thereof in a direction of evaluation DV oblique with respect to the longitudinal axis AX.

ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE ELASTOMERS, METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME AND ARTICLES INCORPORATING THE SAME

An electrically conductive elastomeric structure that has a well-defined, predictable electrical resistance versus percentage of elongation characteristic and an elastic stretch and recovery property over a significant range of applied stresses. The electrical resistance property does not depend upon the rate of elongation, the applied force that provides the percentage of elongation, or the number of elastic stretch and recovery cycles. The structure is textile-compatible, and may be formed from spandex with electrically conductive particles dispersed therein.

Sensor system using stretchable antenna

An example embodiment provides a sensor system including a tag unit and a readout unit. The tag unit includes a first sensor having a stretchable antenna and a stretchable resistor. The tag unit may be configured to create a sensing signal corresponding to a degree of stretching of the stretchable resistor, transmit the sensing signal to the readout unit through the stretchable antenna, and operate in a first region corresponding to a first frequency. The readout unit may be inductively coupled to the tag unit and may be configured to receive and read out the sensing signal, and operate in a second region corresponding to a second frequency. The first frequency may range 30 MHz to 50 MHz, and the second frequency may be different from the first frequency.

Measuring sensor

The invention relates to a measuring sensor (1) for measuring positive and negative elongations on cylindrical or profiled bodies (6). The measuring sensor (1) consists of more than two parts and is essentially annular and has at least one tensioning element (7, 15). Two segments (2, 3) that can be tensioned are provided with a recess on the longitudinal center on the internal contour (22), the recess being disposed opposite the direction of tensioning (S) and accommodating a protruding elastic element (8) with a measuring element (10). The recesses can be pressed non-positively onto the surface of the body (6). The segments (2, 3) of the multi-part measuring sensor (1) that are diagonally opposite can be tensioned with their both ends by means of exchangeable and/or adjustable lateral guide members (4, 5, 26, 38) for the body to be measured (6).

DOUBLE CANTILEVER SPLIT-PIN DISPLACEMENT GAGE

Structural unit

A structural unit for a linear actuator has at least one sensor unit. The sensor unit measures at least one deformation characteristic variable of the structural unit. There is also described a linear actuator with such a structural unit.

Kilobar range stress gauge

A free field stress gauge capable of dynamic and static response in the kilobar (nominally 15,000 p.s.i.) range is disclosed. A first embodiment of the stress gauge of this invention comprises two circular plates, one of which is concentrically grooved. The other plate of the two circular plates serves as a cover plate. Strain gauge sensors are mounted on the inner ring or tube of the concentrically grooved plate. These sensors measure strains of the inner ring or tube induced by and proportional to stresses applied to the flat faces of the gauge. The second embodiment which operates in the same manner as the first embodiment is a solid column type of stress gauge.

Telemetric device

Horn control system responsive to rapid changes in resistance of a flexible potentiometer

An automobile control system includes a flexible potentiometer that is connected to a horn control circuit. The flexible potentiometer changes resistance as it is deflected. The flexible potentiometer is adjacent to a steering wheel hub cover. The horn control circuit activates a horn in response to deflection of the flexible potentiometer when a driver presses against the hub cover. The horn control circuit responds to rapid changes in the resistance of the flexible potentiometer, but not to more gradual changes caused by, for example, temperature changes. Additional flexible potentiometers may be used to control other functions such as cruise control.

BICYCLE PEDALING TORQUE SENSING SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND DEVICES

A device for sensing a bicycle pedaling torque input includes: a housing; a bearing defining a rotational axis; a bearing support member that positions the bearing with respect to the housing, the bearing support member including one or more beams; an output member configured to be coupled to a chain ring, the output member being coupled to an inner race of the bearing to enable the output member to rotate with respect to the housing about the rotational axis; a spindle configured to be coupled to a bicycle pedal crank, the spindle functionally coupled to the output member to enable a rider pedaling force applied to the spindle to cause rotation of the output member; and one or more strain gauges, each of the one or more strain gauges being coupled a beam of the bearing support member.

HIGH RESISTANCE STRAIN GAUGES AND METHODS OF PRODUCTION THEREOF

Strain gauge structures having high and accurately adjustable electrical resistances and improved heat dispersion properties, and fabrication techniques for the same, are disclosed. Strain gauge of some embodiments comprises a substrate, at least one transducing element configured to change at least one electrical property thereof in response to deformations in the substrate, and one or more trimming grids electrically connected to the at least one transducing element and configured and operable to accurately set electrical resistance of the strain gauge element by setting length of a conduction path thereof, and at least one heat sink element thermally coupled to at least one of the at least one transducing element and the one or more trimming grids and configured to dissipate heat developed therein.

STRAIN GAUGE

A strain gauge includes a flexible substrate, and a resistor formed of material including at least one from among chromium and nickel, on or above the substrate. Surface unevenness on one surface of the substrate is 15 nm or less, and the resistor has a film thickness of 0.05 μm or more.

Nanowire stress sensors, stress sensor integrated circuits, and design structures for a stress sensor integrated circuit

Stress sensors and stress sensor integrated circuits using one or more nanowire field effect transistors as stress-sensitive elements, as well as design structures for a stress sensor integrated circuit embodied in a machine readable medium for designing, manufacturing, or testing an integrated circuit, and related methods thereof. The stress sensors and stress sensor integrated circuits include one or more pairs of gate-all-around field effect transistors, which include one or more nanowires as a channel region. The nanowires of each of the field effect transistors are configured to change in length in response to a mechanical stress transferred from an object. A voltage output difference from the field effect transistors indicates the magnitude of the transferred mechanical stress.

СПОСОБ МОНИТОРИНГА УСТРОЙСТВА, ПОВЫШАЮЩЕГО БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ДОРОЖНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ, ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ СТОЛКНОВЕНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО СРЕДСТВА С УСТРОЙСТВОМ, ПОВЫШАЮЩИМ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ДОРОЖНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ, И УЗЕЛ, СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ УСТРОЙСТВО, ПОВЫШАЮЩЕЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ДОРОЖНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области техники, связанной с мониторингом устройств, повышающих безопасность дорожного движения. Узел (100) содержит каркас (2a), жестко прикрепленный к поверхности дороги и расположенный на ней, и необратимо деформируемую часть (2b), соединенную с каркасом (2a) для поглощения по меньшей мере части кинетической энергии транспортного средства, и систему (1) мониторинга устройства (2), повышающего безопасность дорожного движения, для выявления столкновения транспортного средства с устройством (2), повышающим безопасность дорожного движения. Система (1) мониторинга устройства (2), содержит блок (3) управления; средства (4) получения изображения для получения по меньшей мере изображения номерного знака транспортного средства, которое приближается к устройству (2), повышающему безопасность дорожного движения, причем указанные средства (4) получения изображения соединены с блоком (3) управления; запоминающее устройство (5) для хранения по меньшей мере изображения, получаемого ...

СПОСОБ НАНЕСЕНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЯ ИЗ ОКСИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ НА ПОДЛОЖКУ, ПОКРЫТУЮ КАРБИДОМ КРЕМНИЯ

... 1. Способ изготовления устройства для измерения деформации, отличающийся тем, что он включает в себя следующие стадии: ! а) нанесение на SiC-ю поверхность детали, образованной подложкой (10), покрытой слоем (12) карбида кремния (SiC), нанесенным химическим осаждением из паровой фазы, адгезионного подслоя (20) кремния вакуумным плазменным напылением; ! б) нанесение на упомянутый адгезионный подслой (20) кремния покрытия (30) из оксида алюминия атмосферным термическим напылением; ! в) размещение тензометрического датчика (40) со свободной нитью на упомянутом покрытии (30), причем этот датчик удерживается на его опоре (43), и упомянутая опора имеет отверстия (44); ! г) нанесение второго покрытия (50) из оксида алюминия на упомянутый тензометрический датчик (40) и на упомянутое покрытие (30) атмосферным термическим напылением через упомянутые отверстия (44); ! д) удаление упомянутой опоры (43); и ! е) нанесение третьего покрытия (60) из оксида алюминия атмосферным термическим напылением на ...

ТЕНЗОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ ДАТЧИК И СИСТЕМА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ТАКИХ ДАТЧИКОВ

... 1. Тензометрический датчик, содержащий подложку (2) для установки элемента (3), подвергаемого обратимому удлинению под действием силы, прикладываемой во время изменения сопротивления указанного элемента, и выполненного с возможностью удлинения вдоль измерительной оси датчика (1),отличающийся тем, чтоон содержит по меньшей мере один контрастный объект (5, 6), выполненный с возможностью отражения падающего светового пучка и расположенный на указанном датчике в заданном положении, что позволяет определить центр измерительной оси (4) указанного тензометрического датчика (1) путем определения положения указанного по меньшей мере одного контрастного объекта (5, 6), который представляет собой объект с обратным отражением.2. Датчик по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он содержит отдельный контрастный объект (5, 6), содержащий по меньшей мере один маркирующий элемент для определения измерительной оси (4) указанного тензометрического датчика (1).3. Датчик по п.1, отличающийся тем, что он содержит два контрастных ...

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur zerstörungsfreien Messung von Oberflächenspannungen an Gegenständen

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung (11) zur zerstörungsfreien Messung von Oberflächenspannungen an Gegenständen (12), insbesondere mechanischer Eigenspannung, bei dem die Vorrichtung (11) an einer Messstelle (14) auf eine Oberfläche (16) des Gegenstandes (12) aufgesetzt wird, wobei zumindest zwei Messfühler (23) einer Längenmesseinrichtung (26) der Vorrichtung (11) an der Oberfläche (16) des Gegenstandes (12) angreifen, bei dem mit einer Einrichtung (18) zur Erzeugung einer Energie eine Temperaturänderung an der Messstelle (14) erzeugt wird und bei dem während zumindest einer Temperaturänderung eine Abstandsänderung zwischen den Messfühlern (23) an der Messstelle (14) erfasst wird.

DETEKTIONSVORRICHTUNG

Eine Detektionsvorrichtung (10) umfasst eine Brückenschaltung (14) mit wenigstens einem Abtastwiderstand, dessen Widerstand in Abhängigkeit einer physikalischen Größe eines Messobjekts variiert, eine Stromzufuhr (16), die dazu ausgestaltet ist, auf die Brückenschaltung (14) eine Spannung aufzubringen, einen Messverstärker (38), der dazu ausgestaltet ist, eine Ausgangsspannung der Brückenschaltung (14) von Eingangsanschlüssen (38a, 38b) mit hoher Impedanz zu empfangen, die empfangene Ausgangsspannung zu verstärken und die verstärkte Ausgangsspannung auszugeben, und eine Berechnungseinheit (43) für eine physikalische Größe, die dazu ausgestaltet ist, die durch den Messverstärker (38) verstärkte Ausgangsspannung zu empfangen und die physikalische Größe auf der Basis der Ausgangsspannung zu berechnen. Die Brückenschaltung (14) ist über einen Verbinder (28) mit dem Messverstärker (38) verbunden.

Circuit arrangement for strain-gauge strips

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for strain-gauge strips, in the case of which circuit arrangement at least four half-bridges are connected in a parallel circuit to a current source, the potentials of the half-bridges are connected together in pairs, and the potential differences are determined by means of a differential-measurement amplifier having a very high input impedance and a very low input current. Any desired half-bridge pairs are formed, it being possible to allocate each half-bridge simultaneously to different bridge pairs in order to determine both forces and torques. ...

MESSINSTRUMENT FUER DEHNUNGSMESSSTREIFEN- UND/ODER INDUKTIVE MESSWANDLER

Vorrichtung zur Messung einer Durchbiegung eines Zylinders einer Rotationsdruckmaschine

EINRICHTUNG UND SCHALTUNGSANORDNUNG ZUR FESTIGKEITSMESSUNG GEGLUEHTER DRAEHTE

Strain sensor with strain attenuating substrate

A strain sensor for a component 100, e.g. wind turbine blade, comprises strain sensing element 70 supported by substrate 80 having a mounting surface 90 for mounting to the component. The strain sensing element, e.g resistance strain gauge, is arranged on a side of the substrate opposite the mounting surface. The substrate may be elastomeric or the mounting surface comprise at least two spaced apart regions (fig. 4). When the component to which the strain sensor is mounted undergoes strain or deformation (fig. 2 unstrained, fig. 3 strained), the deformation is transmitted to the mounting surface of the substrate. The substrate attenuates the strain and the strain sensing element sees less strain than the mounting surface and therefore less strain than that experienced by the component. The strain sensor may be calibrated so that the strain on the component can be calculated by mounting the strain sensor and a duplicate strain sensing element to a surface and determining a relationship between ...

Friction strain gauge

Strain or stress gauge and use thereof, and plastic composite material for foreknowing progress of breakdown of structure and method using the same

STRAIN GAUGES

... 1395263 Strain gauge assembly UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 14 Dec 1973 [3 Jan 1973] 430/73 Heading G1M An electric strain gauge 3 connected to a cable 8 is recessed into a closed ended tube 1 and is supported by a resilient sleeve 2 having a metal sleeve 4 with holes 5 therein. The gauge is provided with an outer abrasive surface formed by adhering a waterproof silicon carbide abrasive paper to the surface or by applying an abrasive powder directly to a plastics coating on the gauge, so that when the sleeve 2 is expanded by pressurized gas admitted through a conduit 7 the abrasive surface is brought into firm contact with the inner wall of a tube into which the whole device has been inserted to test strains arising in the tube.

Instrumented cable

The present invention provides an apparatus for providing support to, and/or measuring the stress present in a potentially unstable structure, such as the roof of a coal or other underground mine, or a rock mass. The apparatus is an instrumented cable comprising: (a) a center wire (12) having a length which is greater than its width; (b) a plurality of stress measuring devices (14) attached along the length of the center wire; (c) a forming material (16) which is formed around the center wire and the stress measuring devices; (d) a plurality of noncenter wires (18) having a length which is greater than their width, and being wrapped around the length of the center wire, the stress measuring devices and the forming material; and (e) a device for collecting data (20) produced by the stress measuring devices, which is connected with the stress measuring devices. Advantageously, the apparatus measures the stress placed thereon when inserted into the potentially unstable structure at more than ...

Improvements relating to apparatus and method suitable for use with a munition

Object for moving through fluid comprising an outer housing 204 exposed to hydrostatic pressure and strain gauge 206 with first part 202 in contact with outer housing 204, the strain gauge 206 arranged to obtain indication of hydrostatic pressure on the housing 204 by obtaining an indication of strain on the housing 204. The first part 202 may be located within the housing 204 and may be on an inner surface of the housing 204. The housing 204 may be sealed. The strain gauge 206 may form part of a system arranged to facilitate functionality of the object related to hydrostatic pressure. The system may partially arm a fuse 158 or trigger an explosive 158 of the object. The system may transmit the obtained indication of hydrostatic pressure away from the object. The object may be a munition 134, submunition or reconnaissance projectile. Also claimed is an assembly comprising a carrier for an object, the object controllably expelled from the carrier and adapted to perform a hydrostatic pressure ...

MEASURING ANCHORS FOR USE IN MINING

... 1367104 Monitoring earth movement BERGWERKSVERBAND GmbH 9 Dec 1971 [9 Dec 1970 19 Dec 1970 27 Nov 1971] 57285/71 Heading G1N A tie rod 1, Fig. 1 with a longitudinal flat 5, 6, Fig. 1a milled on opposite faces on which are secured a series of resistance strain gauges 7, 8 covered by strips 15, is inserted into a hole 10 drilled into an earth location comprising different strata I-IV and secured to the sides of the hole by an adhesive 18. Relative movement of the earth strata distorts the rod 1 and the extent of the movement is determined by measuring the changes in resistance of the strain gauges 7, 8 in bridge circuits. Gauges 7, 8 are mounted at right angles to each other to determine movement in two perpendicular directions. The tie rod has a non-smooth exterior surface to facilitate adhesion, and in one embodiment has a series of spaced circumferential ribs. Several tubular tie rods may be coupled together by sleeves which incorporate plugs and sockets for the leads from the strain gauges ...

MEASURING SURFACE STRAINS OF A MEMBER

... 1471543 Measuring surface strains KRAFTWERK UNION AG 6 Sept 1974 [7 Sept 1973] 39132/74 Heading G1N [Also in Division H1] A unitary assembly for use in measuring surface strains of a member 15, comprises a base 10 for securement to the member 15 under investigation and three strain gauges A, B, C arranged on the base 10 for measuring in different directions, each having two connecting wires, one end of each pair being situated at a common location ABC1, and the other ends of the wires being at respective locations A1, B1, C1. A cover member 11 having apertures corresponding to the four locations ABC1, Al, B1, Cl, is positioned over the gauges A, B, C so that the ends of the connecting wires terminate beneath the apertures, means being provided, e.g. solder, for securing the ends of the wires there and for connecting leads from a meter to the wire ends. As described, solder is applied via the apertures so as to connect the cover 11 to the base 10 and provide projecting solder points A2, ...

TRANSDUCERS

... 1456403 Resistance strain gauge WELWYN ELECTRIC Ltd 9 Dec 1974 [4 Jan 1974] 00472/74 Heading G1N A transducer, for measuring stress applied to a mechanical structure such as road or rail vehicles, presses, weigh bridges, ships or buildings, comprises an S or Z-shaped metal, glass, ceramic or plastics strip attached by welding or bolting the end portions A and B to the mechanical structure to be tested and has at least two strain gauge elements arranged on the central portion G as a Wheatstone Bridge H so that any stress applied to end portions A, B imparts a shear strain to the strain gauges whereby the shear strain and hence stress can be measured. The Bridge H may be in the form of a chip of semi-conductor material on which Piezoresistive strain gauges are formed by a diffusion process.

Continuous measurement of changes in the distance between measuring points

A flexible line 7 extends from the housing 1 of a position sensor arranged at one measuring point and is connected by loop 8 to the other measuring point. The line 7 is wound on a drum 6 which, through gearwheels 9, 14, 18, drives a potentiometer 20 against the load of a clock-spring 13. A voltage determined by potentiometer 20 is converted into a frequency modulated signal which is transmitted to a remote station, e.g. to monitor rock deformations in coal mining. ...

ELECTRICALLY LEADING ELASTOMERS, PROCEDURES FOR YOUR PRODUCTION AND ARTICLE THEREBY

Stress sensor and its manufacturing method

A device for measuring deformation including: a) at least one strain gauge ( 3 ), producing a signal following a deformation, where the said strain gauge is positioned on a face of a flexible support ( 32 ) favouring elongation of the strain gauge ( 3 ), and where the face opposite the strain gauge of the flexible support, which is intended to be brought into contact with, or glued to, a test body the deformation of which it is desired to measure, b) at least one first substrate, including at least signal processing means and/or signal transmission means, c) securing means ( 4, 5, 6 ) to assemble the strain gauge and the first substrate mechanically, where these means include a layer of material having elastic properties, called the elastic layer, positioned between the gauge and the first substrate, and where this elastic layer prevents the deformation of the gauge from being transmitted, or allows it to be transmitted as little as possible, to the first substrate ( 2, 20 ).

Measuring apparatus

A measuring apparatus including a first chip, a first circuit layer, a first heater, a first stress sensor and a second circuit layer is provided. The first chip has a first through silicon via, a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first circuit layer is disposed on the first surface. The first heater and the first stress sensor are disposed on the first surface and connected to the first circuit layer. The second circuit layer is disposed on the second surface. The first heater comprises a plurality of first switches connected in series to generate heat.

Strain gauge, and system for spatially locating such gauges

A strain gauge includes a substrate ( 2 ) for mounting an element ( 3 ) to be reversibly lengthened by a force applied while displaying a variation in the resistance thereof, the element ( 3 ) lengthening itself along an axis for measurement by the gauge. The gauge includes at least one contrast target ( 5, 6 ) capable of reflecting an incident light beam, the at least one contrast target ( 5, 6 ) being placed on the gauge in a predetermined position that makes it possible to predetermine the center of the axis ( 4 ), for measurement by the strain gauge ( 1 ), by detecting the position of the at least one contrast target ( 5, 6 ).

Strain gage and manufacturing method thereof

A strain gage includes a strain sensitive element; and a temperature compensation element, wherein the strain sensitive element and temperature compensation element are monolithically formed. A method of manufacturing the strain gage includes: exposing and developing a strain sensitive element pattern and the temperature compensation element pattern; and etching the strain sensitive element pattern and the temperature compensation element pattern.

Strain sensors, methods of making same, and applications of same

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a layered structure usable in a strain sensor. In one embodiment, the layered structure has a substrate with a first surface and an opposite, second surface defining a body portion therebetween; and a film of carbon nanotubes deposited on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the film of carbon nanotubes is conductive and characterized with an electrical resistance. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are aligned in a preferential direction. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are formed in a yarn such that any mechanical stress increases their electrical response. In one embodiment, the carbon nanotubes are incorporated into a polymeric scaffold that is attached to the surface of the substrate. In one embodiment, the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes are functionalized such that its electrical conductivity is increased.

Strain Sensor

A strain sensor includes a flexible substrate, a CNT film made of a plurality of CNT fibers aligned in an orientation direction, a pair of electrodes, and a protective coat. The electrodes are formed at the opposite ends of the CNT film in a perpendicular direction to the orientation direction of the CNT fibers. The protective coat protecting the CNT film is made of a resin, a water-based emulsion, or an oil-based emulsion. The protective coat is placed in contact with at least part of the CTN fibers on the surface of the CNT film. The strain sensor including the protective coat is able to prevent damage/breakage of the CNT film and to prevent foreign matters from entering into gaps between CNT fibers, thus improving durability in maintaining adequate sensing functionality.

Mechanical-Quantity Measuring Device

A mechanical-quantity measuring device capable of measuring a strain component in a specific direction with high precision is provided. At least two or more pairs of bridge circuits are formed inside a semiconductor monocrystal substrate and a semiconductor chip, and one of these bridge circuits forms a n-type diffusion resistor in which a direction of a current flow and measuring variation of a resistor value are in parallel with a <100> direction of the semiconductor monocryastal silicon substrate, and an another bridge circuit is composed of combination of p-type diffusion resistors in parallel with a <110> direction.

Bending sensor

A bending sensor includes a high resistance layer; a low resistance layer having a crack and a lower electrical resistance than the high resistance layer in a state where the crack is closed; an insulating layer between the high and low resistance layers; and a plurality of electrode portions connecting electrically in parallel the high resistance and low resistance layers. In an OFF state where a bend amount is small, the crack is unlikely to open and a combined resistance of electrical resistances of the high resistance layer and the low resistance layer is output as OFF resistance from the plurality of electrode portions. In an ON state where the bend amount is large, the crack is likely to open and at least the electrical resistance of the high resistance layer is output as ON resistance higher than the OFF resistance from the plurality of electrode portions.

Wireless sensors, detection methods, and systems

A wireless sensor including a resistive element, a modulating element located on a rotating component and at least one of a transmitting element and a receiving element, wirelessly coupled to the modulating element. The modulating element is configured to modulate the wireless coupling, between the at least one of a transmitting element and a receiving element, in response to a change in resistance in the resistive element. The modulation of the wireless coupling is indicative of a measurand on the rotating component. A method of detecting a measurand in a rotating component of a rotary machine includes wirelessly coupling at least one of a transmitting element and a receiving element to a modulating element; modulating the wireless coupling with the modulating element located on the rotating component; and calculating the measurand in the rotating component based on the modulation of the wireless coupling.

NON-DIFFERENTIAL ELASTOMER CURVATURE SENSOR

A hyperelastic, soft microfluidic film measures bending curvature using a novel non-differential mechanism. Disclosed embodiments of the elastomer-based solution allows for curvature sensing directly on a bending plane and thus eliminates limitations imposed by strain gauge factor (GF) and sensor thickness (Z). Due to soft lithography microfabrication and design methods the disclosed curvature sensors are elastically soft (modulus 0.1-1 MPa) and stretchable (100-1000% strain). In contrast to existing curvature sensors that measure differential strain, embodiments of the present invention measures curvature directly and allows for arbitrary gauge factor and film thickness. Moreover, the sensor is composed entirely of soft elastomer (PDMS or Ecoflex® and conductive liquid (eutectic gallium indium, (eGaIn)) and thus remains functional even when stretched to several times its natural length. Electrical resistance in the embedded eGaIn microchannel is measured as a function of bending curvature for a variety of sensor designs. 1. A method of determining a measure of curvature applied to a curvature sensor , the curvature sensor including a conductive fluid filling a channel embedded in the curvature sensor , the method comprising: measuring at a first time the electric resistance of the conductive fluid;', 'measuring at a second time the electric resistance of the conductive fluid;', 'determining a relative change in the electrical resistance of the channel; and', 'determining the change in curvature as a function of the change in electrical resistance., 'measuring a change in curvature along a bending plane of the curvature sensor by2. A method according to wherein the curvature sensor further includes a strut and bending the curvature sensor causes the strut to apply pressure on the conductive liquid filling the channel.3. A method according to wherein the strut is wider than the channel and the change in curvature is proportional to the change in the electrical ...

Monitored mixture and dosing head

The invention relates to a high-pressure mixing, dosing and recirculation head for injection or casting reaction molding, said high-pressure mixing, dosing and recirculation head comprising a head body, a mixing chamber, obtained in the head body wherein a valve element or mixing valve slides and in fluid communication with a supply duct, and a self-cleaning element comprising a scraping portion, said self-cleaning element being structured to slide in said supply duct, as well as comprising an apparatus for controlling and commanding mixing, supply and recirculation comprising a plurality of sensors and transducers mounted on board of the head body and of the components parts of the head connected thereto to detect and transform representative physical quantities of at least one operational status of said high-pressure mixing, dosing and recirculation head into electrical signals and an electronic control and storing system adapted to synchronously control and scan said sensors and transducers and adapted to receive and process said electrical signals indicative of said at least one operational status, at the beginning and during the operational phases of said high-pressure mixing, dosing and recirculation head to compare them with each other and with electrical signals representative of a predetermined reference operational status. The invention also relates to a high-pressure mixing, dosing and recirculation method for injection or casting reaction molding.

STRAIN GAUGE

A strain gauge includes a flexible substrate, and a resistor formed of material including at least one from among chromium and nickel, on or above the substrate. The substrate has an expansion coefficient in a range of from 7 ppm/K to 20 ppm/K. 18-. (canceled)9. A strain gauge comprising:a flexible resin substrate;a functional layer formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, directly on one surface of the substrate; and{'sub': '2', 'a resistor formed of a film that includes Cr, CrN, and CrN and into which an element included in the functional layer is diffused, on one surface of the functional layer,'}wherein a gauge factor of the strain gauge is 10 or more, andwherein the substrate has an expansion coefficient of the strain gauge in a range of from 7 ppm/K to 20 ppm/K.10. A strain gauge comprising:a flexible resin substrate;a functional layer formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, directly on one surface of the substrate; and{'sub': '2', 'a resistor formed of a film that includes Cr, CrN, and CrN and into which an element included in the functional layer is diffused, on one surface of the functional layer,'}wherein a temperature coefficient of resistance of the strain gauge is in a range of from −1000 ppm/° C. to +1000 ppm/° C., andwherein the substrate has an expansion coefficient in a range of from 7 ppm/K to 20 ppm/K.11. A strain gauge comprising:a flexible resin substrate:a functional layer formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, directly on one surface of the substrate; and{'sub': '2', 'a resistor formed of a film including Cr, CrN, CrN, on one surface of the functional layer,'}wherein the substrate has an expansion coefficient in a range of from 7 ppm/K to 20 ppm/K.12. The strain gauge according to claim 9 , wherein the functional layer includes one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Cr claim 9 , Ti claim 9 , V claim 9 , Nb claim 9 , Ta claim 9 , Ni claim 9 , Y claim 9 , Zr claim 9 , Hf claim 9 , Si claim 9 , C ...

MULTI-DIRECTIONAL CAPACITIVE FLOW SENSOR

A system and method for providing a fluid flow strain gauge that may be mounted inside a pipe and connected to a base unit that uses capacitive or resistive technology to determine a direction and a rate of flow of a fluid through the pipe by measuring the force applied to the strain gauge by the flow of fluid. 1. A fluid flow sensor system for measuring a rate of flow of a fluid , said system comprised of:a base unit for attaching a fluid flow sensor system to a surface;a plurality of strain gauge sensor elements disposed on the base unit;a flexible shaft that is coupled at a first end to the base unit, and a second end which extends away from the base unit and into a flow of fluid, wherein the plurality of strain gauge sensor elements are disposed around the flexible shaft such that when a force is applied to the second end, the plurality of strain gauge sensor elements can measure the force applied to the flexible shaft; anda controller module coupled to the plurality of strain gauge sensor elements for receiving a signal therefrom, and wherein the controller module determines a rate of flow of a fluid from the force that is applied to the flexible shaft.2. The fluid flow sensor system as defined in wherein the system further comprises a drag element disposed on the second end of the flexible shaft claim 1 , wherein the drag element increases the effect of the flow of fluid past the flexible shaft.3. The fluid flow sensor system as defined in wherein the plurality of strain gauge sensor elements is selected from the group of strain gauge sensor elements comprised of capacitance sensor elements and resistive sensor elements.4. The fluid flow sensor system as defined in wherein the system further comprises:a ring structure on the base unit that is disposed around the first end of the flexible shaft, wherein the ring structure is distorted when the force is applied to the flexible shaft; andfour strain gauge sensor elements disposed equidistantly around the first ...

PIEZORESPONSIVE TEXTILE INCORPORATING GRAPHENE

An electrically conductive textile containing graphene that undergoes a change in electrical resistance when deformed. 1. An electrically conductive textile containing graphene that changes electrical resistance when deformed.2. The textile according to claim 1 , wherein the textile is arranged in a plane; and wherein the textile is adapted such that the textile undergoes an elastic deformation in the plane of the textile when subjected to strain in the plane of the textile.3. The textile according to claim 1 , wherein the textile is adapted such that it undergoes an elastic deformation perpendicular to the plane of the textile when subjected to strain perpendicular to the plane of the textile.4. The textile according to claim 2 , wherein the change in resistance is reversible.5. The textile according to claim 1 , wherein the graphene has been applied to the textile after formation of the textile.6. The textile according to claim 5 , wherein the graphene is applied to the textile so that graphene is distributed throughout the thickness of the textile.7. The textile according to claim 5 , wherein the graphene is applied to one side of the textile so that only part of the thickness of the textile contains graphene.8. The textile according to claim 1 , wherein the graphene has been applied to fibres comprising the textile after the formation of the fibres.9. The textile according to claim 1 , wherein the graphene has been incorporated into fibres comprising the textile.10. The textile according to claim 8 , wherein the fibre is electrically conductive and the textile is electrically conductive.11. The textile according to claim 10 , wherein the fibres are not uniformly electrically conductive.12. The textile according to claim 11 , wherein approximately 100% of the fibres are electrically conductive.13. The textile according to claim 11 , wherein greater than 50% of the fibres are electrically conductive.14. The textile according to claim 11 , wherein greater than 10% ...

BODY DEFORMATION SENSOR AND USE OF SUCH A BODY DEFORMATION SENSOR

A body deformation sensor includes a telescopic arm that is collapsible along a longitudinal axis. The telescopic arm includes a length sensor for detecting a length of the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm also includes at least one angle sensor for detecting a rotation of the telescopic arm around an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The detection of the length of the telescopic arm and the detection of a rotation of the telescopic arm are performed with a temporal resolution of at least 10 kHz. 1. A body deformation sensor comprising:a telescopic arm that is slidably collapsible along a longitudinal axis;a length sensor for detecting a length of the telescopic arm with a temporal resolution of at least 10 kHz;at least one angle sensor for detecting a rotation of the telescopic arm around at least one axis that is perpendicular to said longitudinal axis; andwherein the detection of the rotation of the telescopic arm is performed by the at least one angle sensor with a temporal resolution of at least 10 kHz.2. The body deformation sensor according to claim 1 , wherein said length sensor includes a length of rope that is stretched with a rope length parallel to the longitudinal axis; andwherein a change in the length of the telescopic arm is proportional to a change of the rope length of the rope.3. The body deformation sensor according to claim 2 , further comprising:a front fastening element that is mechanically connected to a front end of the telescopic arm;a front end of the rope is mechanically connected to the front fastening element;the length sensor includes a rope drum;a rear end of the rope is mechanically connected to an interior of the rope drum; andwherein a rope acceleration complies with the permissible limit value for the acceleration of a body.4. The body deformation sensor according to claim 3 ,wherein the length sensor includes a length sensor element;wherein the length sensor element is a sensor changing its electrical ...

DOWNHOLE CEMENT STRAIN GAUGE

In one embodiment, a system includes a casing disposed within a wellbore, one or more data collection tools coupled to the casing, and one or more sensors disposed within an annulus of the wellbore. Each of the one or more sensors include a substrate, a strain-sensitive element coupled to the substrate, and a transceiver coupled to the substrate and configured to communicate with the one or more data collection tools. 1. A system , comprising:a casing disposed within a wellbore;one or more data collection tools coupled to the casing; and a substrate;', 'a strain-sensitive element coupled to the substrate; and', 'a transceiver coupled to the substrate and configured to communicate with the one or more data collection tools., 'one or more sensors disposed within an annulus of the wellbore, each of the one or more sensors comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sensors are disposed in cement in the annulus of the wellbore.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an encapsulant enveloping the strain-sensitive element claim 1 , the transceiver claim 1 , and the substrate.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the encapsulant is a compliant material.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is coupled to a radio frequency identifier (RFID) chip.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is coupled to a capacitor and an inductor in a resonant circuit.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is mechanically separated from the substrate.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is a linear-resistive element whose resistance changes linearly with strain applied thereto.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is a component whose capacitance changes monotonically with strain applied thereto.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the strain-sensitive element is a component whose inductance changes monotonically with strain applied thereto.11. The ...

Rollover alarming system, rollover risk prediction method, and rollover alarming method

A rollover alarming system, a rollover risk prediction method, and a rollover alarming method. An axle housing strain measurement unit measures strain values on both sides of an axle housing of a vehicle body. A roll angle measurement unit measures a roll angle of the vehicle body. A collection control unit is configured to collect the strain values on both sides of the axle housing of the vehicle body and the roll angle of the vehicle body, calculate a strain difference between the strain values according to the strain values on both sides of the axle housing of the vehicle body, and output a corresponding alarm control signal according to the strain difference between both sides of the axle housing of the vehicle body and the roll angle of the vehicle body. An alarm unit is configured to output a corresponding alarm signal according to the received alarm control signal.

LINEAR GUIDEWAY WITH EMBEDDED SENSOR

A linear guideway with an embedded sensor includes a track, a slider, a plurality of rolling members, and a sensing module. The track extends in a first direction and has a first recess. The slider can move in the first direction and include a second recess, a channel, at least one hole, and a deforming region. The channel is formed by coupling the first recess and the second recess, and extends in the first direction. The hole extends from the surface of the slider along the insertion axis and into the slider. The rolling members are disposed in the channel. The sensing module is disposed in the hole, and contacts the deforming region to detect the amount of deformation. 1. A linear guideway with an embedded sensor , comprising: 'at least one first recess;', 'a track, extending in a first direction and comprising 'at least one second recess;', 'a slider, wherein the slider can move in the first direction and comprisesa channel, formed by coupling the at least one first recess and the at least one second recess, and extending in the first direction;at least one hole, extending from a surface of the slider along an insertion axis into the slider;at least one deforming region, disposed between the at least one hole and the channel;a plurality of rolling members, disposed in the channel; andat least one sensing module, disposed in the at least one hole, wherein the at least one sensing module contacts the at least one deforming region to detect an amount of deformation of the at least one deforming region.2. The linear guideway with an embedded sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the insertion axis corresponding to the at least one hole is perpendicular to the first direction.3. The linear guideway with an embedded sensor as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the surface from which the at least one hole extends is an upper surface claim 2 , a lower surface claim 2 , or an outer lateral surface of the slider.4. The linear guideway with an embedded sensor as claimed in ...

STRAIN GAUGE

A strain gauge includes a flexible substrate; a resistor formed of material containing at least one from among chromium and nickel, on or above the substrate; an insulating layer formed of an inorganic material, the resistor being coated with the insulating layer; and an insulating resin layer-formed of an organic material, the insulating layer being coated with the insulating resin layer. 1. A strain gauge comprising:a flexible resin substrate;a functional layer formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, on one surface of the substrate;{'sub': '2', 'a resistor formed as a film containing Cr, CrN, and CrN, one surface of the functional layer;'}an insulating layer formed of an inorganic material, the resistor being coated with the insulating layer; andan insulating resin layer formed of an organic material, the insulating layer being coated with the insulating resin layer.2. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , further comprising electrodes electrically connected to the resistor claim 1 , a terminal section extending from a given end portion of the resistor; and', 'a metallic layer formed on the terminal section,, 'wherein each electrode includeswherein the insulating layer is an oxide film of a metal that constitutes the metallic layer.3. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , wherein a main component of the resistor is alpha-chromium.4. The strain gauge according to claim 3 , wherein the resistor includes alpha-chromium at 80% by weight or more.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , wherein the functional layer includes a function of promoting crystal growth of the resistor. The present invention relates to a strain gauge.A strain gauge is known to be attached to a measured object to detect strain of the measured object. The strain gauge includes a resistor for detecting strain, and as a resistor material, for example, material including Cr (chromium) or Ni (nickel) is used. For example, the resistor is formed on a substrate ...

SMART SHELF SYSTEM THAT INTEGRATES IMAGES AND QUANTITY SENSORS

A system that integrates camera images and quantity sensors to determine items taken from, placed on, or moved on a shelf or other area in an autonomous store. The items and actions performed may then be attributed to a shopper near the area. Shelves may be divided into storage zones, such as bins or lanes, and a quantity sensor may measure the item quantity in each zone. Quantity changes indicate that a shopper has taken or placed items in the zone. Distance sensors, such as LIDAR, may be used for shelves that push items towards the front. Strain gauges may be used for bins or hanging rods. Quantity changes may trigger analysis of camera images of the shelf to identify the items taken or replaced. Images from multiple cameras that view a shelf may be projected to a vertical plane at the front of the shelf to simplify analysis. 1. A smart shelf system that integrates images and quantity sensors , comprising: 'each quantity sensor of said plurality of quantity sensors is configured to generate a quantity signal that is correlated with a quantity of items contained in the storage zone corresponding to said each quantity sensor;', 'a plurality of quantity sensors, each corresponding to a storage zone of a plurality of storage zones of an item storage area, wherein'} said plurality of quantity sensors, and to', 'a plurality of cameras oriented to view said item storage area;, 'a processor coupled to'} [ identify an affected zone of said plurality of storage zones within which a shopper added or removed at least one item;', 'determine an action time at which said shopper added or removed said at least one item; and', 'determine an item quantity change in said affected zone;, 'analyze said quantity signal from said plurality of quantity sensors to'}, 'obtain a plurality of before images captured by said plurality of cameras, each before image of said plurality of before images corresponding to a camera of said plurality of cameras, wherein said each before image is ...

3-DIMENSIONAL PRINTED LOAD CELL PARTS

A 3-dimensional printed load cell part can include a part body formed of fused thermoplastic polymer particles, and a plurality of strain sensors separately formed of a matrix of conductive particles interlocked with a matrix of fused thermoplastic polymer particles. The plurality of strain sensors can have a first electrical contact at a first end and a second electrical contact at a second end. The particles of the plurality of strain sensors can be continuously fused to the particles of the part body. 1. A 3-dimensional printed load cell part , comprising:a part body formed of fused thermoplastic polymer particles; anda plurality of strain sensors separately formed of a matrix of conductive particles interlocked with a matrix of fused thermoplastic polymer particles, the plurality of strain sensors each having a first electrical contact at a first end and a second electrical contact at a second end,wherein the particles of the plurality of strain sensors are continuously fused to the particles of the part body.2. The 3-dimensional printed load cell part of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strain sensors are formed on a surface of the printed part.3. The 3-dimensional printed load cell part of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strain sensors are embedded in the part body and a plurality of electrical contacts of the plurality of strain sensors are formed on a surface of the printed part.4. The 3-dimensional printed load cell part of claim 1 , wherein each of the strain sensors has a resistance from 1 ohm to 1 megaohm.5. The 3-dimensional printed load cell part of claim 1 , wherein the conductive particles comprise conductive polymers claim 1 , metals claim 1 , carbon allotropes claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The 3-dimensional printed load cell part of claim 1 , wherein the fused thermoplastic polymer particles comprise a fusing agent selected from carbon black claim 1 , a near-infrared absorbing dye claim 1 , a near-infrared absorbing pigment claim 1 , a ...

NON-VOLATILE MEMORY WITH LINEAR HOT-ELECTRON INJECTION TECHNIQUE AND STRAIN GAUGE USING THE SAME

A linear hot-electron injection technique is provided for a non-volatile memory arrangement. The non-volatile memory is comprised of: a floating gate transistor; a capacitor with a first terminal electrically coupled to the gate node of the floating gate transistor; a current reference circuit electrically coupled to the source node of the floating gate transistor; and a feedback circuit electrically coupled between the source node of the floating gate transistor and a second terminal of the capacitor. The feedback circuit operates to adjust a voltage at the gate node of the floating gate transistor in accordance with a source-to-drain voltage across the floating gate transistor. 122-. (canceled)23. A self-powered static-strain sensor , comprising:a piezoelectric member that generates a voltage in response to as mechanical strain; and a floating gate transistor having a gate node and a source node;', 'a capacitor having a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal electrically coupled to the gate node of the floating gate transistor;', 'a current reference circuit electrically coupled to the source node of the floating gate transistor and operable to source a current therein; and', 'a feedback circuit electrically coupled between the source node of the floating gate transistor and the second terminal of the capacitor, and operable to adjust a voltage at the gate node of the floating gate transistor in accordance with a source-to-drain voltage across the floating gate transistor., 'a non-volatile memory circuit powered by the voltage received from the piezoelectric member and includes'}24. The self-powered static-strain sensor of wherein the current reference circuit operates to hold the source current constant claim 23 , thereby ensuring that the source-to-gate voltage of the floating gate transistor remains constant.25. The self-powered static-strain sensor of wherein the current reference circuit is implemented by two transistors in a cascading ...

Carbon nanotube forest strain sensor and the forming method thereof

The present invention is a highly sensitive and flexible carbon nanotube forest strain sensor, comprising: a first electrode, a second electrode, a same directory queue carbon nanotube forest, and a flexible support substrate. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a carbon nanotube forest strain sensor, the same directory queue carbon nanotube forest can be directly grown on a flexible support substrate by a chemical vapor deposition method.

METHOD FOR COMPENSATING EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE STRESSES IN SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES, AND CORRESPONDING DEVICE

A semiconductor substrate includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the substrate has a first deformation-stress sensor capable of supplying a first stress signal. The second portion of the substrate has a second deformation-stress sensor capable of supplying a second stress signal. The first stress signal and second stress signal are processed by a circuit to produce a compensation signal. The compensation signal is applied in feedback to one of the first and second stress signals to compensate for variations induced in said one of the first and second stress signals by stresses in the semiconductor substrate. 1. A semiconductor device including a substrate with a first portion and a second portion , the device including:at least one first deformation stress sensor coupled with said first portion of the substrate of the semiconductor device, said at least one first current sensor providing a first stress signal;at least one second deformation stress sensor coupled with said second portion of the substrate of the semiconductor device, said at least one second current sensor providing a second stress signal; processing said first stress signal and said second stress signal and producing at least one compensation signal as a function of said first stress signal and said second stress signal;', 'applying said at least one compensation signal to a signal generated by the semiconductor circuit by compensating variations induced in said generated signal by stresses in the substrate of the semiconductor device., 'a processing circuit coupled with said at least one first deformation stress sensor and said at least one second deformation stress sensor and configured for2. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein said at least one first current sensor and said at least one second current sensor are coupled in a Wheatstone bridge arrangement to provide a bridge output signal indicative of the deformation of said substrate.3. The semiconductor ...

CABLE WITH SHEATH ARRANGEMENT FOR DETECTING BENDING

The disclosure relates to a cable, which is adapted to extend in an initial configuration according to a predetermined initial state and in a deformed configuration to assume a deformed state compared with the initial state, wherein the cable has a sheath arrangement, which extends along a longitudinal axis of the cable at least in sections, wherein the sheath arrangement is adapted to change its impedance according to the initial or deformed configuration of the cable. The disclosure likewise relates to an arrangement comprising a cable and a measuring unit as well as a method for detecting a deformed configuration of a cable. 1. A cable ,which is adapted to extend in an initial configuration according to a predetermined initial state and in a deformed configuration is adapted to assume a deformed state compared with the initial state,wherein the cable has a sheath arrangement, which extends at least in sections along a longitudinal axis of the cable,wherein the sheath arrangement is adapted to change its impedance according to the initial configuration or the deformed configuration of the cable.2. A cable according to claim 1 ,wherein the initial configuration corresponds to a linear configuration, in which the cable extends substantially in a straight line, and the deformed configuration corresponds to a bent configuration, in which the cable has a predetermined bending radius, at least in sections.3. A cable according to claim 1 ,wherein the initial configuration corresponds to an unstretched configuration, in which the cable has an initial length, and the deformed configuration corresponds to the stretched configuration, in which the cable is stretched and lengthened to a predetermined extent, at least in sections.4. A cable according to claim 1 ,wherein the sheath arrangement is adapted to increase its impedance on assuming the deformed configuration as compared to the initial configuration.5. A cable according to claim 1 ,wherein the sheath arrangement is ...

Methods and systems for fabricating elastomer-based electronic devices and devices formed thereby

Methods and systems suitable for fabricating multi-layer elastic electronic devices, and elastic electronic devices formed thereby. A method of fabricating an elastomer-based electronic device includes printing a first liquid material and then a second liquid material on a fabric substrate that comprises fibers. The first and second liquid materials are sequentially printed with a three-dimensional printer that directly prints the first liquid material onto the fabric substrate so that the first liquid material wicks through some of the fibers of the fabric substrate and forms a solid matrix of an elastomer-based composite that comprises the matrix and the fabric substrate, after which the three-dimensional printer directly prints the second liquid material on the elastomer-based composite to form a film thereon. The elastomer-based composite and film are electrical components of the elastomer-based electronic device.

DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A system may measure displacement in an architectural brace that absorbs deformation inducing energy. The architectural brace may have a core member with first and second ends attachable to architectural features, and an intermediate portion between the first and second ends. The architectural brace may also have a buckling restraining assembly that encases the intermediate portion to resist buckling of the intermediate portion. The system may have a first coupling with a first attachment feature securable to the first end of the core member, and a second coupling with a second attachment feature securable to the second end of the core member. The second coupling may be displaced from the first coupling by a displacement. Further, the system may have a sensor that measures a plurality of changes in the displacement occurring over a period of time. The sensor may provide measurement data indicative of the changes. 1. A system for measuring displacement of an architectural brace that absorbs deformation inducing energy , the architectural brace comprising a core member having first and second ends attachable to architectural features to restrain motion between the architectural features and an intermediate portion between the first and second ends , and a buckling restraining assembly that encases the intermediate portion to resist buckling of the intermediate portion , the system comprising:a first coupling comprising a first attachment feature securable to the first end of the core member;a second coupling comprising a second attachment feature securable to the second end of the core member, wherein the second coupling is displaced from the first coupling by a displacement; anda sensor connected to the first coupling and the second coupling such that the sensor measures a plurality of changes in the displacement occurring over a period of time;wherein the sensor provides measurement data indicative of the changes.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a ...

STRAIN GAUGE

A strain gauge includes a strain detecting unit and a temperature detecting unit that are formed on or above a flexible substrate. The strain detecting unit includes a resistor formed of material including at least one from among chromium and nickel, on or above the substrate. The resistor includes a plurality of resistive patterns that are juxtaposed; and a folded portion connected to end portions of given resistive patterns that are next to each other. A first metallic layer formed of a material of which a gauge factor is less than that of the resistor is laminated on the folded portion, and a resistance value of the first metallic layer on the folded portion is less than a resistance value of the folded portion. The temperature detecting unit is a thermocouple including a second metallic layer formed of a same material as the resistor, on or above the substrate; and a third metallic layer formed of a same material as the first metallic layer, on the second metallic layer. 1. A strain gauge comprising:a strain detecting unit and a temperature detecting unit that are formed on or above a flexible resin substrate, a functional laver formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, on one surface of the substrate; and', {'sub': '2', 'a resistor formed as a film containing Cr, CrN, and CrN, on one surface of the functional laver,'}], 'wherein the strain detecting unit includeswherein the resistor includes a plurality of resistive patterns that are juxtaposed; and a folded portion that connects end portions of given resistive patterns that are next to each other,wherein a first metallic layer formed of a material of which a gauge factor is less than that of the resistor is laminated on the folded portion, and a resistance value of the first metallic layer on the folded portion is less than a resistance value of the folded portion, and a second metallic layer formed of a same material as the resistor, on or above the substrate; and', 'a third metallic layer formed of a ...

Systems and Methods for Monitoring Eye Health

Systems and methods for monitoring eye health. The systems and methods monitor eye health by measuring scleral strain by way of an implantable monitor, a wearable monitor configured in eyeglasses, or an external monitor using a portable tablet computing device. 1. A system for monitoring eye health , the system comprising: a scleral strain monitor comprising i) one or more image sensors,', 'ii) a CPU,', 'iii) a memory storage device,', 'iv) one or more connecting wires, and', 'v) a power source;, 'a) a wearable device comprisingwherein the one or more image sensors monitor a scleral stretch corresponding to changes in distance between two or more preselected target regions on or in a sclera of the eye of a user by recording at least two photographic images of the eye of the user, each of the at least two photographic images recorded at different times, andwherein the CPU receives the at least two photographic images from the one or more image sensors and determines changes in distance between the two or more preselected target regions based on changes in the at least two photographic images, then transmits the at least two photographic images to the memory storage device.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable device is a pair of eyeglass frames comprising the one or more image sensors claim 1 , the CPU claim 1 , the memory storage device claim 1 , the one or more connecting wires claim 1 , and the power source.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the wearable device further comprises a component for determining an angle of a recline of the user.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the component is an accelerometer.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the two or more preselected target regions are two separated symmetric implanted objects claim 1 , two separated asymmetric implanted objects claim 1 , two separated symmetric objects claim 1 , two separated asymmetric objects or two distinct sclera regions.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the separated symmetric ...

Systems and methods for monitoring eye health

Systems and methods for monitoring eye health. The systems and methods monitor eye health by measuring scleral strain by way of an implantable monitor, a wearable monitor configured in eyeglasses, or an external monitor using a portable tablet computing device. Certain embodiments of the strain monitor may be utilized to measure the strain on any surface to which it is attached, including, but not limited to, the skin of a patient or the surface of a structure such as a building or a bridge.

SENSORS BASED ON MULTIPLE STRAIN GAUGES, DESIGN AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF

A sensor device, and methods of manufacture thereof, are disclosed. The sensor device comprising a deformable substrate and a plurality of sensing elements formed on the deformable substrate, each of the plurality of sensing elements comprises at least one of a plurality of strain sensitive lines radially extending with respect to a center of the deformable substrate and a plurality of arched-shaped strain sensitive lines extending with respect to the center of the deformable substrate. The plurality of sensing elements are arranged on the deformable substrate such that strain components measured due to extension of strain sensitive lines of at least one of the sensing elements are of opposite strain direction with respect to strain components measured due to compression of strain sensitive lines of at least one other of the sensing elements, thereby maximizing performance and measurement range.

Circuit for sensing an analog signal, corresponding electronic system and method

A circuit configured to sense an input analog signal generated by a sensor at a first frequency and to generate an output digital signal indicative of the sensed input analog signal. The circuit includes a conditioning circuit, an ADC, a feedback circuit, and a low-pass filter. The conditioning circuit is configured to receive the input analog signal and to generate a conditioned analog signal. The ADC is configured to provide a converted digital signal based on the conditioned analog signal. The feedback circuit includes a band-pass filter configured to selectively detect a periodic signal at a second frequency higher than the first frequency and to act on the conditioning circuit to counter variations of the periodic signal at the second frequency. The low-pass filter is configured to filter out the periodic signal from the converted digital signal to generate the output digital signal.

SENSOR MODULE

A sensor module includes a substrate; a resistor formed of a material containing at least one of chromium and nickel, on one surface of the substrate; an electronic component mounted on the one surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the resistor; and a power source mounted on the one surface of the substrate or on another surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the electronic component, to supply power to the electronic component. 1. A sensor module comprising:a substrate:a resistor formed of a film containing Cr, CrN, and Cr2N, on one surface of the substrate;an electronic component mounted on the one surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the resistor; anda power source mounted on the one surface of the substrate or on another surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the electronic component, to supply power to the electronic component.213-. (canceled)14. A sensor module comprising:a substrate;a resistor formed of a material containing at least one of chromium and nickel, on one surface of the substrate;an electronic component mounted on the one surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the resistor, anda power source mounted on the one surface of the substrate or on another surface of the substrate, to be electrically connected to the electronic component, to supply power to the electronic component,wherein the power source is arranged on a side opposite to the electronic component with an insulating layer sandwiched in-between, andwherein the electronic component is electrically connected to the power source via a wiring pattern provided on a side surface of the insulating layer.15.The sensor module as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the insulating layer corresponds to the substrate.16. The sensor module as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the insulating layer is an insulating resin layer covering the electronic component.17. The sensor module as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the ...

METHOD OF FABRICATION OF LAMINATES OF ELASTIC MATERIAL SUITABLE FOR DIELECTRIC ELASTOMER SENSING

In one aspect the invention provides a method of fabricating a laminate of flexible and compliant layers of material, such as used to provide a dielectric elastomer sensor. According to the method a flexible and compliant layer of material which is affixed to a substrate to avoid strain during processing is bonded to another layer of flexible and compliant material and released from the substrate to form a laminate. The layer of flexible and compliant material affixed to the substrate may be inspected prior to bonding. 1. A laminated device comprising two or more electrode films of elastomeric material having a dispersion of conductive particles to provide compliant conductive electrodes and comprising one or more dielectric film(s) of elastomeric material separating the conductive electrodes to provide a compliant dielectric for a capacitor formed by the two or more electrode films wherein a capacitance of the capacitor varies with deformation of the films to enable the laminated device to sense strain , the laminated device formed by steps comprising:providing a first film on a non-compliant substrate;bonding a second film to the first film while the first film is releasably bonded to a substrate to mitigate strain occurring in the first film during bonding; andreleasing the first film from the substrate to provide a lamination of first and second films, wherein the laminated device has a first film in which strain locked in by the bonded second film is mitigated, said strain being perpendicular to a through-thickness of the first film.2. The laminated device of claim 1 , wherein the step of bonding to the first film to the second film comprises pressing the first film between the substrate and the second film.3. The laminated device of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is flexible.4. The laminated device of claim 1 , wherein the first film is affixed to the substrate such that strain perpendicular to the through-thickness of the first film is not imparted to the ...

Method, apparatus, and system for passive die strain measurement

At least one method, apparatus, and system for determining a distance between layers of a semiconductor device and, if desired, modifying a semiconductor device manufacturing process in view of the determined distance. The system comprises and the methods make use of a test circuit comprising a resistor, at least one of an inductor and a capacitor, a first terminal and a second terminal each configured to electrically connect to a first layer circuit and a second layer circuit of a semiconductor device.

GEOSYNTHETIC SENSOR ARRAY

A geosynthetic sensor that incorporates an arrangement of a first layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic and a second layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic where each said length undergoes a change in electrical resistance or capacitance when subject to changes in any one or more of: pressure; strain; water content; or temperature. 1. (canceled)2. A sensor that incorporates an arrangement of a first layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic and a second layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic , wherein a change in electrical resistance or capacitance between one or more of the lengths in the first layer and one or more of the lengths in the second layers is configured for use in detecting a change in any one or more of:pressure; strain; water content; or temperature.3. The sensor according to where one or both of the geosynthetic layers are composed of geotextile.4. The sensor according to where one or both of the geosynthetic layers is composed of any one of: geomembrane; geogrid;geomesh; geonet; GCL; geofoam; geocell; or geocomposite.5. The sensor according to where each of the layers are composed of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic that claim 2 , at the voltages used to measure resistance or capacitance claim 2 , are electrically isolated from lengths adjacent in the same layer and at voltages much higher than those used to measure resistance or capacitance are electrically connected.6. The sensor according to wherein said lengths of geosynthetic in each of the said layers are arranged in an angular relationship to those in an adjacent layer.7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. Use of the sensor according to wherein resistance is measured between each end of each of said lengths of geosynthetic.10. Use according to claim 9 , wherein an electrical connection to measure the resistance is formed by closing one or more switches.11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The sensor ...

STRAIN GAUGE

A strain gauge includes a flexible substrate; and resistors each formed of material including at least one from among chromium and nickel, on or above the substrate. The resistors include a first resistor formed on or above a predetermined surface of the substrate; a second resistor of which a grid direction faces a different direction from the first resistor, the second resistor formed on or above the predetermined surface of the substrate or a surface parallel to the predetermined surface; and a third resistor formed on or above a surface adjacent to the predetermined surface of the substrate. 1. A strain gauge comprising:a flexible rein substrate;{'sub': '2', 'resistors each formed of a film that includes Cr, CrN, and CrN; and'}a functional layer formed of a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound, the functional layer being in a lower surface of the resistors,wherein an element included in the functional layer is diffused into the film, a first resistor formed on or above a predetermined surface of the substrate;', 'a second resistor of which a grid direction faces a different direction from the first resistor, the second resistor formed on or above the predetermined surface of the substrate or a surface parallel to the predetermined surface; and', 'a third resistor formed on or above a surface adjacent to the predetermined surface of the substrate, and, 'wherein the resistors includewherein a gauge factor of the strain gauge is 10 or more.2. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , wherein an angle between the surface adjacent to the predetermined surface and the predetermined surface is an obtuse angle.3. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , wherein the first resistor claim 1 , the second resistor claim 1 , and the third resistor are arranged such that grid directions of the first resistor claim 1 , the second resistor claim 1 , and the third resistor are mutually perpendicular.4. The strain gauge according to claim 1 , wherein a main component of each resistor ...

ACTUATOR WITH BACKUP COMPONENT FAILURE DETECTION

An actuator includes a ball screw, a rod provided at least partially within the ball screw, a ball nut, a ball nut restraint, a first biasing member disposed at least partially between a proximate end of the rod and a proximate end of the ball screw, and a second biasing member disposed at least partially between a distal end of the ball nut and an inner surface of the ball nut restraint. 1. An actuator , comprising:a ball screw;a rod provided at least partially within the ball screw;a ball nut;a ball nut restraint;a first biasing member disposed at least partially between a proximate end of the rod and a proximate end of the ball screw; anda second biasing member disposed at least partially between a distal end of the ball nut and an inner surface of the ball nut restraint.2. The actuator of claim 1 , including:a cover disposed at least partially over the ball nut restraint and the ball screw; anda sensor connected to the cover and configured to sense a proximity of the ball nut restraint relative to the cover.3. The actuator of claim 1 , including a strain gauge connected at or about the proximate end of the rod.4. The actuator of claim 3 , wherein the strain gauge includes a wire spool disposed rearward of the proximate end of the rod.5. The actuator of claim 1 , including:a first attachment portion disposed at the proximate end of the rod;a first attachment restraint connected to the first attachment portion;a second attachment portion disposed at a distal end of the rod; anda second attachment restraint connected to the second attachment portion.6. The actuator of claim 5 , wherein a primary load path includes the ball screw claim 5 , the ball nut claim 5 , a torque tube claim 5 , the first attachment portion claim 5 , and the second attachment portion; and a secondary load path includes the rod claim 5 , the ball nut restraint claim 5 , a torque tube restraint claim 5 , the first attachment restraint claim 5 , and the second attachment restraint.7. The ...

DETECTING DEVICE

A detecting device includes: a bridge circuit having at least one sensing resistor whose resistance varies according to a physical quantity of a measurement object; a constant voltage power supply configured to apply a constant voltage to the bridge circuit; a first amplifier having high-impedance input terminals and configured to receive an input voltage of the bridge circuit from the input terminals, amplify the received input voltage and output the amplified input voltage; and an input voltage monitoring unit configured to receive the input voltage amplified by the first amplifier and monitor the voltage of the input voltage. The bridge circuit is connected to the first amplifier via a connector. 1. A detecting device comprising:a bridge circuit having a plurality of resistors including at least one sensing resistor whose resistance varies according to a physical quantity of a measurement object;a constant voltage power supply configured to apply a constant voltage to the bridge circuit;a first amplifier having high-impedance input terminals and configured to receive an input voltage of the bridge circuit from the input terminals, amplify the received input voltage and output the amplified input voltage; andan input voltage monitoring unit configured to receive the input voltage amplified by the first amplifier and monitor a voltage of the input voltage,wherein the bridge circuit is connected to the first amplifier via a connector.2. The detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein:the bridge circuit is provided on a first substrate; andthe first amplifier is provided on a second substrate provided separately from the first substrate.3. The detecting device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a second amplifier having high-impedance input terminals and configured to receive an output voltage of the bridge circuit from the input terminals, amplify the received output voltage and output the amplified output voltage; anda physical quantity calculating unit ...

DETECTING DEVICE

A detecting device includes: a bridge circuit having at least one sensing resistor whose resistance varies according to a physical quantity of a measurement object; a power supply configured to apply a voltage to the bridge circuit; an instrumentation amplifier configured to receive an output voltage of the bridge circuit from high-impedance input terminals, amplify the received output voltage, and output the amplified output voltage; and a physical quantity calculating unit configured to receive the output voltage amplified by the instrumentation amplifier and calculate the physical quantity based on the output voltage. The bridge circuit is connected to the instrumentation amplifier via a connector. 1. A detecting device comprising:a bridge circuit having a plurality of resistors including at least one sensing resistor whose resistance varies according to a physical quantity of a measurement object;a power supply configured to apply a voltage to the bridge circuit;an amplifier having high-impedance input terminals and configured to receive an output voltage of the bridge circuit from the input terminals, amplify the received output voltage and output the amplified output voltage;a physical quantity calculating unit configured to receive the output voltage amplified by the amplifier and calculate the physical quantity based on the output voltage;a first substrate on which the bridge circuit is provided; anda second substrate on which the amplifier is provided,wherein the bridge circuit is connected to the amplifier via a connector.2. The detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of resistors in the bridge circuit are arranged at intervals that are equal to or less than a predetermined distance.3. The detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein wiring between the power supply and the resistors is arranged so that resistance between a negative electrode of the power supply and each of the resistors connected to the negative electrode is equal ...

RESISTIVE-CAPACITIVE DEFORMATION SENSOR

A deformation sensing apparatus comprises an elastic substrate, a first strain-gauge element formed on a first surface of the elastic substrate, and configured to output a first signal in response to a strain applied in a first direction, and a second strain-gauge element formed on a second surface of the elastic substrate opposite to the first surface, and configured to output a second signal in response to a strain applied in the same first direction. 1. An apparatus comprising:a first strain-gauge element coupled to a substrate and configured to output a first signal indicative of a resistance of the first strain-gauge element; anda second strain-gauge element coupled to the substrate and configured to output a second signal indicative of a resistance of the second strain-gauge element,wherein the apparatus is configured to output a third signal indicative of a capacitance measurable between a terminal of the first strain-gauge element and a terminal of the second strain-gauge element.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first strain-gauge element is on a first portion of the substrate claim 1 , and wherein the second strain-gauge element is on a second portion of the substrate.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first portion of the substrate is a top portion of the substrate and the second portion of the substrate is a bottom portion of the substrate.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the first strain-gauge element has a first terminal and a second terminal;the first signal is measurable across the first and second terminals of the first strain-gauge element;the second strain-gauge element has a third terminal and a fourth terminal; andthe second signal is measurable across the third and fourth terminals of the second strain-gauge element.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a flexible claim 1 , electrically-insulating dielectric material.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a measurement circuit configured to ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ON-CHIP STRESS DETECTION

A microelectronic chip device includes a semiconductor substrate and multiple on-chip strain sensors (OCSSs) constructed on the substrate at various locations of the substrate. The OCSSs may each include multiple piezoresistive devices configured to sense a strain at a location of the various locations and produce a strain signal representing the strain at that location. A strain measurement circuit may also be constructed on the semiconductor substrate and configured to measure strain parameters from the strain signals produced by the OCSSs. The strain parameters represent the strains at the various location. Values of the strain parameters can be used for analysis of mechanical stress on the chip device. 1. A microelectronic device , comprising:an integrated circuit (IC) including a semiconductor substrate and multiple sensors constructed on the semiconductor substrate, including sensors distributed along one or more edges of the semiconductor substrate, and each including one or more piezoresistive devices configured to sense a strain in the IC and, in response, produce a strain signal representing the sensed strain, at least one sensor of the multiple sensors including a pair of N-type and P-type semiconductor resistors.2. The microelectronic device of claim 1 , wherein the IC further includes a memory circuit constructed on the semiconductor substrate.3. The microelectronic device of claim 2 , wherein the IC further includes a strain measurement circuit constructed on the semiconductor substrate claim 2 , the strain measurement circuit configured to measure strain parameters from the strain signals produced by the multiple sensors.4. The microelectronic device of claim 3 , wherein the strain measurement circuit is configured to measure the strain parameters each including a voltage representing the strain.5. The microelectronic device of claim 3 , wherein the strain measurement circuit comprises:an oscillator configured to be driven by a strain signal of the ...

TACTILE SENSOR AND METHOD FOR EVALUATING TOUCH FEELING

To provide a tactile sensor that allows a contact to be displaced largely and can detect fine ruggedness, flexibility, and other features of a surface of a measuring object. 1. A tactile sensor , comprisinga sensor part that is formed in a substrate, whereinthe sensor part includes:a frame that includes a side part of the substrate;a contact that is disposed in parallel to the substrate so that a tip of the contact projects from a side face of the substrate;a suspension that supports the contact to the frame; anda displacement detector that detects displacement of the contact.2. The tactile sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe suspension includes:a first suspension that allows the contact to be displaced vertically to the side face of the substrate; anda second suspension that allows the contact to be displaced horizontally to the side face of the substrate, andthe displacement detector includes:a first strain detection element that detects strain of the first suspension; anda second strain detection element that detects strain of the second suspension.3. The tactile sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe tip of the contact is formed in a circular arc.4. The tactile sensor according to claim 1 , whereina contacting part that faces the contact apart by a predetermined gap width is formed on the frame.5. The tactile sensor according to claim 1 , whereina pair of contacting faces is formed on the frame so as to sandwich the contact,a pair of contacted faces that faces the pair of contacting faces is formed on the contact,the pair of contacting faces is inclined to the side face of the substrate so as to spread toward the side face, andthe pair of contacted faces is disposed in parallel to the pair of contacting faces apart by a predetermined gap width.6. The tactile sensor according to claim 1 , the tactile sensor comprisinga plurality of the sensor parts.7. The tactile sensor according to claim 6 , whereinthe tips of the contacts of the plurality of sensor parts ...

STRAIN SENSOR CHIP MOUNTING STRUCTURE, STRAIN SENSOR CHIP AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A STRAIN SENSOR CHIP MOUNTING STRUCTURE

Even when a strain sensor chip and an object to be measured are bonded to each other by using a metallic bonding material such as solder, the metallic bonding material shows the creep behavior when used under high temperature environment of, for example, 100° C. or higher, and therefore, the strain detected by the strain sensor chip is gradually reduced, and the strain is apparently reduced. In the strain sensor chip mounting structure which is one embodiment of the present application, a strain sensor chip is fixed onto a surface to be measured of the object to be measured via a metallic bonding material. And, the metallic bonding material is bonded to a metallic film that is formed on a side surface of the strain sensor chip. In this manner, temporal change in a measurement error can be suppressed. 1. A strain sensor chip mounting structure comprising:an object to be measured including a surface to be measured;a strain sensor chip including a first main surface, a strain sensor element formed on the first main surface side, a second main surface positioned on an opposite side of the first main surface, and a side surface continued to the first main surface at a peripheral edge portion of the first main surface, the strain sensor chip being fixed to the object to be measured so that the surface to be measured and the second main surface face each other; anda metallic bonding material which is interposed between the surface to be measured and the second main surface of the strain sensor chip and which is bonded to the surface to be measured and the second main surface of the strain sensor chip,wherein the entire second main surface and the side surface of the strain sensor chip are covered with a successively-formed metallic film, andthe metallic bonding material is bonded to the metallic film which is formed on the side surface of the strain sensor chip.2. The strain sensor chip mounting structure according to claim 1 ,wherein the metallic bonding material bonded ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LIMB CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENT

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a first plurality of circumference measurements, each of the first plurality of circumference measurements corresponding to a first circumference around a limb of a person at a respective one of a plurality of locations of the limb, each of the first plurality of circumference measurements being obtained from a respective one of a plurality of elastic measurement elements that is positioned at a respective one of the locations; determining, based upon the first plurality of circumference measurements, a first geometric profile along a length of the limb; and outputting data representing the first geometric profile. Other embodiments are disclosed. 1. A device comprising:a cuff having a first elastic measurement element attached thereto at a first location and a second elastic measurement element attached thereto at a second location;a processing system including a processor; and{'claim-text': ['obtaining, from the first elastic measurement element, a first value representative of a first circumference of the cuff at a point in time when the cuff is disposed on a limb of a person;', 'obtaining, from the second elastic measurement element, a second value representative of a second circumference of the cuff at the point in time when the cuff is disposed on the limb of the person;', 'determining, based upon the first value and the second value, a geometric profile along the limb; and', 'outputting, to a computing device, data representing the geometric profile, the outputting of the data to the computing device enabling the computing device to present via a display a graphic visualization of a difference between the geometric profile and another geometric profile of the limb of the person that had been determined at another point in time that is different from the point in time at which the geometric profile had been determined.'], '#text': 'a memory that stores executable instructions that, when ...

Sensing system including a sensing membrane

In one general aspect, an apparatus can include a sensing membrane including a plurality of conductive fillers included in a matrix. The apparatus can include a plurality of electrical leads coupled to an outer portion of the sensing membrane where the conductive fillers have a volumetric percentage of less than 25% of the volume of the sensing membrane.

Gas strut force active monitor system

A gas strut monitoring system includes a gas strut. The monitoring system further includes a knuckle assembly connected to a base end of the gas strut. The knuckle assembly includes at least one strain gauge and a deformable knuckle. The system also includes a controller in communication with the at least one strain gauge, which is configured to measure a deformation of the deformable knuckle via the strain gauge. The system evaluates, based on the measured deformation, an operative performance of the gas strut. The system then outputs signal to an output device that indicates a maintenance recommendation based on the operative performance of the gas strut.

COORDINATION OF MULTIPLE STRAIN SENSORS

A system including strain sensors, transmission lines, and a common receive line is described. The strain sensors receive can receive signal(s) on the transmission lines. The information from the strain sensors is provided on the common receive line. The strain sensors are configured to be selectively activated to transmit information on the common receive line in response to a control signal. 1. A system , comprising:a plurality of strain sensors;a plurality of transmission lines on which each strain sensor can receive a signal; anda common receive line on which information from the plurality of strain sensors is provided;wherein the plurality of strain sensors are configured to be selectively activated to transmit information on the common receive line in response to a control signal.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:addressing circuitry for selectively activating each of the plurality of strain sensors in response to the control signal.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strain sensors reside on a single integrated circuit.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of strain sensors and the addressing circuitry reside on a single integrated circuit claim 3 , the system further including:a plurality of pads residing on the integrated circuit and having a number insufficient for operating multiple strain sensor.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strain sensors are formed on a silicon substrate having a (110) orientation.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein a first portion of the plurality of strain sensors have a first orientation and a second portion of the plurality of strain sensors has a second orientation at a nonzero acute angle from the first orientation.7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:at least one temperature sensor corresponding to the plurality of strain sensors.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the information includes temperature information and strain information.9. A system claim 1 , ...

Graphene-based Multi-Modal Sensors

A method for fabricating a composite film structure, the method includes determining a desired morphology for a metallic layer of the composite film structure, selecting a first metal substrate based on the determining, transferring a graphene layer onto the first metal substrate, depositing the metallic layer on the graphene layer to achieve the desired morphology, and removing the first metal substrate from the graphene and the deposited metallic layer to form the composite film structure. A surface energy difference between the first metal substrate and the deposited metallic layer results in the desired morphology of the metallic layer.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NANOCOMPOSITE SENSORS

A sensing material for use in a sensor is disclosed. Such a sensing material includes a polymer base and a piezoresistive nanocomposite embedded into the polymer base in a continuous pattern. The nanocomposite comprises a polymer matrix and a plurality of conductive nanofillers suspended in the matrix. The conductive nanofillers may be one or a combination of nanotubes, nanowires, particles and flakes. The density of the plurality of nanofillers is such that the nanocomposite exhibits conductivity suitable for electronic and sensor applications. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a polymer base having at least one edge;a nanocomposite embedded in the polymer base in a continuous pattern having a first end and a second end;a first electrical terminal; anda second electrical terminal,wherein the first electrical contact contacts with the first end of the nanocomposite pattern, wherein the second electrical contact contacts the second end of the nanocomposite pattern, and the nanocomposite includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of at least one of conductive nanotubes, conductive nanowires, conductive particles and conductive flakes suspended in the polymer matrix,wherein the density of the plurality of the at least one of nanotubes, nanowires, particles and flakes is such that the nanocomposite is conductive; andwherein the first and second electrical terminals are configured for the measurement of at least one of a voltage, a current and a resistance across the patterned pizeoresistive nanocomposite.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the continuous pattern is one of a line claim 1 , a curve or a combination thereof.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the polymer base is an elastomeric polymer.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the polymer base comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) claim 1 , silicone elastomer claim 1 , vinyl acetate claim 1 , ethylene propylene rubber claim 1 , polyimide claim 1 , polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) claim 1 , poly(p- ...

FIBER COMPOSITE AND PREPARING METHOD OF THE SAME

The present invention relates to a fiber composite for a strain sensor and a method for producing the same. The composite includes a stretchable fiber; a conductive elastic polymer layer coated on the stretchable fiber; polymer beads disposed on the stretchable fiber or on the elastic polymer layer; and a conductive elastic polymer layer covering the polymer beads. The fiber composite is durable and stable. Therefore, a strain sensor produced using the fiber composite exhibits excellent durability, recoverability, repeatability and sensitivity, and a fast sensing speed. 1. A fiber composite for a strain sensor , the composite comprising:a stretchable fiber;a conductive elastic polymer layer coated on the stretchable fiber;polymer beads disposed on the stretchable fiber or on the elastic polymer layer; anda conductive elastic polymer layer covering the polymer beads.2. The fiber composite of claim 1 , wherein the conductive elastic polymer layer includes an elastic polymer and conductive particles dispersed in the elastic polymer.3. The fiber composite of claim 2 , wherein the conductive particles include at least one of carbon black particles claim 2 , carbon nano tubes (CNT) or graphene.4. The fiber composite of claim 1 , wherein each of the polymer beads has a diameter between 100 μm and 200 μm.5. The fiber composite of claim 1 , wherein the polymer beads are cured polymer beads.6. The fiber composite of claim 2 , wherein each of the elastic polymer and the polymer bead independently includes at least one selected from a group consisting of natural rubber claim 2 , nitrile rubber claim 2 , acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber claim 2 , styrenebutadiene rubber claim 2 , chloroprene rubber claim 2 , butyl rubber claim 2 , isoprene-isobutylene rubber claim 2 , ethylene propylene rubber claim 2 , chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber claim 2 , acrylic rubber claim 2 , fluoro rubber claim 2 , polysulfide rubber claim 2 , silicone rubber claim 2 , butadiene rubber claim 2 , ...

SENSOR AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a film portion and a first sensor portion. The film portion is deformable. The first sensor portion is provided at the film portion. The first sensor portion includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a first intermediate layer. The second conductive layer is provided between the first conductive layer and the film portion. The first magnetic layer is provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The second magnetic layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the second conductive layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. A curvature of the first conductive layer is different from a curvature of at least a portion of the film portion. 1. A sensor , comprising:a film portion, the film portion being deformable;a support portion supporting the film portion; and a first conductive layer,', 'a second conductive layer provided between the first conductive layer and the film portion,', 'a first magnetic layer provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer,', 'a second magnetic layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second conductive layer, and', 'a first intermediate layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer,, 'a first sensor portion provided at the film portion, the first sensor portion including'}a curvature of the first conductive layer being different from a curvature of at least a portion of the film portion,whereinthe first conductive layer has a first conductive layer surface, and a second conductive layer surface positioned between the first conductive layer surface and the film portion, andthe first conductive layer surface including a first point, a second point, and a third point, the third point being positioned between the first point and the second ...

INTEGRATED BYPASS VALVE WITH PRESSURE, POSITION, AND FLOWRATE FEEDBACK CAPABILITIES

A bypass valve includes a housing for directing fluid flow through the bypass valve. A disc is positioned within the flow path having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter. The bypass valve further includes at least one strain gauge disposed on the disc. One of the inner and outer perimeters of the disc is fixed to the bypass valve housing and one of the inner and outer perimeter of the disc is free to deflect from the bypass valve housing in response to fluid flow through the bypass valve such that a measurement of deflection of the disc induces strain on the strain gauge. 1. A bypass valve , comprising:a housing for directing fluid flow through the bypass valve;a disc is positioned in the flow path having an inner perimeter and an outer perimeter; andat least one strain gauge disposed on the disc,wherein one of the inner and outer perimeter of the disc is fixed to the housing and one of the inner and outer perimeter of the disc is free to deflect from the housing in response to fluid flow through the bypass valve such that a measurement of the deflection of the disc induces strain on the strain gauge.2. The bypass valve of claim 1 , wherein the disc is configured to deflect as a function of pressure of fluid flow through the bypass valve.3. The bypass valve of claim 1 , wherein an amount of deflection of the outer perimeter of the disc generates strain on the disc proportional to the pressure of fluid flow through the bypass valve.4. The bypass valve of claim 1 , wherein the disc has an upstream surface configured to allow fluid to pass over the disc and the strain gauge is coupled to a downstream surface of the disc opposite the upstream surface.5. The bypass valve of claim 1 , wherein the disc has a first position defined by the free perimeter of the disc adjacent the housing configured to seal with the housing in the first position.6. The bypass valve of claim 5 , wherein the disc has a second position defined by the free perimeter of the disc separated ...

CHARACTERIZING PRIMATE NAIL DEFORMATION

A sensor includes a bridge circuit including one or more strain gauges mounted on a nail plate, the bridge circuit outputting a voltage signal, an amplifier circuit amplifying the voltage signal output by the bridge circuit to generate an amplified signal, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter converting the amplified signal into a digital signal, a controller receiving the digital signal and facilitating communication with a receiver, and an antenna configured to transmit the digital signal. 1. A system comprising: a bridge circuit including one or more strain gauges mounted on a nail plate, the bridge circuit outputting a voltage signal;', 'an amplifier circuit amplifying the voltage signal output by the bridge circuit to generate an amplified signal;', 'an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter converting the amplified signal into a digital signal;', 'a controller receiving the digital signal and facilitating communication with a receiver; and', 'an antenna configured to transmit the digital signal., 'a sensor comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bridge circuit comprises:a first strain gauge configured to capture strain in a first direction; anda second strain gauge configured to capture strain in a second direction different than the first direction.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bridge circuit comprises:a first strain gauge configured to capture strain in a first direction; anda second strain gauge configured to capture strain in the first direction.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna converts a signal received from the receiver into an electric current powering the sensor.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor further comprises a power supply powering one or more of the bridge circuit claim 1 , the amplifier circuit claim 1 , the A/D converter claim 1 , the controller and the antenna.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising the receiver claim 1 , the receiver comprising a processor processing the digital signal into a ...

EYEWEAR WITH STRAIN GAUGE ESTIMATION

Eyewear including a sensor integrated into frame of eyewear. In one example, the sensor comprises a strain gauge, such as a metallic foil gauge, that is configured to sense and measure distortion of the frame when worn by a user and under different force profiles, by measuring a strain in the frame when bent. The measured strain by strain gauge is sensed by a processor, and the processor performs dynamic calibration of image processing based on the measured strain. The distortion measured by the strain gauge is used by the processor to correct calibration of the cameras, and the displays. 1. Eyewear , comprising:a frame;a sensor coupled to the frame configured to sense distortion of the frame and generate a sensor signal;a camera coupled to the frame and configured to capture a camera image having pixels;a display supported by the frame and configured to display a display image having pixels; and receive the sensor signal;', 'calibrate the camera image as a function of the sensor signal; and', 'display the display image., 'an electronic processor configured to2. The eyewear of claim 1 , wherein the electronic processor is configured to calibrate the display image.3. The eyewear of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to convert the sensor signal to a boresight shift.4. The eyewear of claim 3 , wherein the processor is configured to the shift pixels of the camera image as a function of the boresight shift.5. The eyewear of claim 3 , wherein the processor is configured to create a depth map as a function of the boresight shift.6. The eyewear of claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to perform depth from stereo (DFS).7. The eyewear of claim 3 , wherein the processor is configured to shift the pixels of the display image as a function of the boresight shift.8. The eyewear of claim 7 , wherein the processor is configured to render the display image as a function of the boresight shift.9. The eyewear of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to ...

MAGNETIC SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY ACTUATOR

The present invention relates to an actuator based on a magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA), a new family of crystalline materials which exhibit strain deformation>10% when subjected to a magnetic field. Electromagnetic fields can be applied with very short response times, making MSMA-based actuators kHz capable. These materials have the unique property of retaining their strained state when the driving field is removed, making them unique in the world of shape memory materials, and desirable as an actuator material as they will maintain position when powered off. 1. A push-pull actuator which provides a displacement self-sensing response capability , comprising:a plurality of coils disposed in two sets of two coils, in a field-inverting arrangement, said plurality of coils which directs magnetic flux through a magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) disposed centrally to said two sets of two coils;wherein a positive current is provided through said two sets of two coils, such that of a resulting two bias fields, one bias field is weakened and the other bias field is strengthened, and for a negative current, one bias field is strengthened and the other bias field is weakened;wherein a direction of displacement of said magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) is determined by a direction of a current applied to said two sets of two coils.2. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein in order to elongate the magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) claim 1 , said two sets of two coils drive a magnetic field perpendicular to an axis of motion.3. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein in order to contract the magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) claim 1 , said two sets of two coils drive a magnetic field parallel to an axis of motion.4. The actuator of claim 3 , wherein said two sets of two coils are inverted to restore said magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) after contraction.5. The actuator of claim 1 , wherein said magnetic shape memory alloy (MSMA) is a single crystal alloy of nickel claim 1 , ...

WATERCRAFT SPEED SENSOR

A sensor for measuring movement of an object relative to a fluid has a housing fixed to a surface of the object and a spring on the housing formed by a plurality of blades each having an outer end fixed to the housing and an inner end connecting to a hub, with the plurality of blades defining a plane. Respective strain gauges are carried on the blades. A rigid pin is mounted on the hub of the spring, extends in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane, and projects from the surface of the object and into the fluid. 1. A sensor for measuring movement of an object relative to a fluid , the sensor comprising:a housing fixed to a surface of the object;a spring on the housing formed by a plurality of blades each having an outer end fixed to the housing and an inner end connecting to a hub, the plurality of blades defining a plane;respective strain gauges on the blades; anda rigid pin mounted on the hub of the spring and extending in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane and projecting from the surface of the object and into the fluid.2. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of blades comprises at least three blades.3. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the blades are arranged angularly equidistant from each other relative to an axis of the hub.4. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of strain gauges comprises at least three strain gauges positioned on three different blades.5. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the pin carries a float.6. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a cover flush to the surface of the object.7. The sensor according to claim 6 , wherein the cover has a bore through which the pin extends and having an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the pin.8. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the spring assumes a rest position for the pin when no forces act upon the pin.9. A sensor for measuring movement of an object relative to a fluid claim 1 ...

A ROAD SAFETY BARRIER ASSEMBLY FOR DETECTING AN IMPACT OF A VEHICLE

Road safety barrier assembly has a barrier and an electric circuit that can be supplied with direct current. The circuit includes an outward electric cable and a return electric cable, and sensors along the barrier for detecting impact of a vehicle against respective portions of the barrier, each sensor causing upon impact detection a switching of electric current from the outward electric cable towards the return electric cable at the respective portion of the barrier. A device is arranged so as to measure a voltage value between the outward electric cable and the return electric cable upstream of the sensors. A control unit is predisposed to receive a signal indicating the voltage value measured by the voltage measuring device and is configured to calculate the distance between the voltage measuring device and the location of impact against the road safety barrier, by applying Ohm's Law. 1. A road safety barrier assembly for detecting an impact of a vehicle , comprising:a road safety barrier; andan electric circuit that can be supplied with direct current, comprising:an outward electric cable for feeding the electric current and a return electric cable for the return of the electric current, the outward electric cable and the return electric cable both running along the road safety barrier;a plurality of impact detecting sensors which are distributed along the road safety barrier, so that each impact detecting sensor of the plurality of impact detecting sensors is able to detect an impact of a vehicle against a portion of road safety barrier in which the impact detecting sensor is located;each impact detecting sensor of the plurality of impact detecting sensors being connected to the electric circuit so that, if it detects an impact of a vehicle against the portion of road safety barrier in which it is located, it causes a switching of the electric current coming from the outward electric cable towards the return electric cable at the same portion of road safety ...

Mems sensor for sensing deformation by breaking contact between two electrodes

The present invention relates to a MEMS deformation sensor for measuring a relative movement between two regions of a structure, the sensor comprising: —a first portion ( 2 ) and a second portion ( 3 ) that are movable with respect to one another along a direction of measurement (X); —a thrust element ( 4 ) mounted fixed with respect to the first portion; —a first electrode (A) and a second electrode (B) that are capable of being raised to different electrical potentials, each mounted fixed with respect to the second portion; —a connecting portion (I) forming an electrical link between the first electrode and the second electrode, the thrust element applying a load to the connecting portion when the first portion moves with respect to the second portion along the direction of measurement beyond a predetermined distance, the electrical link being broken under the effect of the load.

Strain Sensor Unit

Provided is a strain sensor unit that enables inhibition of a positional deviation of a strain sensor. The strain sensor unit includes: a substrate that is stretchable; at least one strip-shaped or string-shaped strain sensor that is arranged on the substrate along a direction of stretching and contracting of the substrate; and a deformation restraining member that is arranged in proximity to longitudinal end portions of the at least one strain sensor respectively, to extend in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction of the strain sensor, and restrains deformation of the substrate. 1. A strain sensor unit comprising:a substrate that is stretchable;at least one strain sensor that is strip-shaped or string-shaped and arranged on the substrate along a direction of stretching and contracting; andat least one deformation restraining member that is arranged in proximity to a longitudinal end portion of the at least one strain sensor, to extend in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction of the strain sensor, and restrains deformation of the substrate.2. The strain sensor unit according to claim 1 , wherein the deformation restraining member comprises an elastic material having a greater modulus of elasticity in flexure than the strain sensor.3. The strain sensor unit according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one deformation restraining member comprises at least a pair of deformation restraining members claim 1 , and the pair of the deformation restraining members are arranged in proximity to both longitudinal end portions of the at least one strain sensor claim 1 , respectively.4. The strain sensor unit according to claim 1 , wherein the deformation restraining member is arranged to overlap the longitudinal end portion of the at least one strain sensor.5. The strain sensor unit according to claim 1 , wherein:the at least one strain sensor comprises a plurality of strain sensors which are arranged in parallel; andthe substrate comprises, between the ...

CONDUCTIVE FIBER COMPRISING METAL NANOBELT AND CARBON NANOMATERIAL COMPOSITE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONDUCTIVE FIBER, FIBROUS STRAIN SENSOR, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FIBROUS STRAIN SENSOR

A conductive fiber including a metal-nanobelt-carbon-nanomaterial composite. A manufacturing method thereof includes preparing a composite including a carbon nanomaterial and metal nanobelts and manufacturing a conductive fiber by mixing the composite with a polymer. A fibrous strain sensor and a manufacturing method thereof are also provided. Thereby, a conductive fiber including a metal-nanobelt-carbon-nanomaterial composite, which is able to increase conductivity of the conductive fiber through synthesis of metal nanobelts enabling area contact and to exhibit good contact between the carbon nanomaterial and the metal nanobelts due to formation of the metal nanobelts on the surface of the carbon nanomaterial and superior dispersion uniformity, and a fibrous strain sensor including the conductive fiber can be obtained. The conductive fiber can be effectively applied to a strain sensor based on a principle by which resistance drastically increases with an increase in a distance between metal nanobelts aligned in a fiber direction upon tensile strain of metal nanobelts enabling area contact. 1. A method of manufacturing a conductive fiber comprising a metal-nanobelt-carbon-nanomaterial composite , the method comprising:preparing a composite comprising a carbon nanomaterial and metal nanobelts; andmanufacturing a conductive fiber by mixing the composite with a polymer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal nanobelts have a ribbon shape so as to enable area contact.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the preparing the composite comprises:subjecting a conductive carbon nanomaterial to surface modification in order to introduce the carbon nanomaterial with a functional group;forming a carbon nanomaterial dispersion solution reactive with a metal ion by mixing and reacting the surface-modified carbon nanomaterial with an isocyanate-based compound and a pyrimidine-based compound; andforming the metal nanobelts on a surface of the carbon nanomaterial by adding a metal ...

System for monitoring standard parts

System for measuring misalignment of a tool ( 2 ) in a press device ( 1 ), the tool ( 2 ) comprises at least a first part ( 3 ) and a second part ( 4 ), which are movable relative to another in a guided manner by means of guide means comprising at least a guide pillar ( 10 ) provided in the first part ( 3 ) which is led in a guide bush ( 12 ) provided in the second part ( 4 ), wherein the system comprises measuring means ( 20 ) provided to detect misalignment of the tool ( 2 ). According to the invention, the measuring means ( 20 ) are mounted directly at the guide means.

Integrated electronic device for detecting a local parameter related to a force experienced in a predetermined direction, within a solid structure

The integrated electronic device is for detecting a local parameter related to a force experienced in a predetermined direction within a solid structure. The device includes a semiconductor substrate having a substantially planar region that defines a plane substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction. At least one sensor detects the local parameter at least in the predetermined direction with a piezo-resistive effect. At least one substantially planar face is arranged in a portion of the integrated electronic device, the face belonging to a inclined plane by a predetermined angle relative to the plane perpendicular to the predetermined direction, which plane is defined by the substantially planar region of the substrate. The predetermined angle is defined such as to reduce forces acting in directions other than the predetermined direction at the portion of the device around the at least one sensor.

Strain measurement assembly

A strain measuring assembly for measuring a strain of an element of interest includes a strain gage and a first set of wire connectors disposed on a carrier that is within 12 inches of the strain gage, the first set of wire connectors being configured to connect with lead wires from the strain gage. The assembly also includes resistance measuring circuitry disposed on the carrier and connected to the first set of wire connectors, the resistance measuring circuitry being configured to measure a resistance of the strain gage and to output a signal derived from the measured resistance. The assembly further includes a second set of wire connectors disposed on the carrier and connected to the resistance measuring circuitry, the second set of wire connectors being configured to connect with wires from an external device to output the signal to the external device.

CONTACT DETECTION IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for setting a working distance of an additive manufacturing system, including: moving a deposition element towards a build surface; detecting, via a contact detection system, a contact between the deposition element and the build surface; stopping the moving of the deposition element in response to detecting the contact between the deposition element and the build surface; and moving the deposition element away from the build surface a determined working distance. 1. A method for setting a working distance of an additive manufacturing system , comprising:moving a deposition element towards a build surface;detecting, via a contact detection system, a contact between the deposition element and the build surface;stopping the moving of the deposition element in response to detecting the contact between the deposition element and the build surface; andmoving the deposition element away from the build surface a determined working distance.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein detecting via the contact detection system the contact between the deposition element and the build surface comprises detecting a change in an electrical measurement caused by the contact between the deposition element and the build surface.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein an electrical circuit is formed between the contact detection system claim 2 , the deposition element claim 2 , and the build surface based on the contact between the deposition element and the build surface.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrical measurement comprises one of an electrical resistance or an electrical impedance.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electrical measurement comprises an electrical continuity.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein detecting via the contact detection system the contact between the deposition element and the build surface comprises determining a deflection within a compliance component attached between a process motion ...

Strain gauge

An article comprising a conductive film comprising conductive structures, and a first resistive element patterned into a first portion of the conductive film. In at least some cases, the conductive structures may comprise nanostructures, such as, for example, nanowires. Silver nanowires are exemplary conductive structures. In some useful applications, the first resistive element may be part of a circuit, such as, for example, a Wheatstone bridge.

A COATED METALLIC SUBSTRATE

A metallic substrate directly coated with a non-conductive primer, the non-conductive primer being at least partially coated with a paint, a method for the manufacture of this coated metallic substrate, a method for detecting strain deformation and the use the coated metallic substrate. 126-. (canceled)27. A coated metallic substrate comprising: a metallic substrate directly coated with a non-conductive primer , the non-conductive primer being at least partially coated on at least one side with a paint including reduced graphene oxide and a thermosetting polymer.28. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein a lateral size of the reduced graphene oxide is between 1 and 80 μm.29. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein a weight percentage of oxygen in the reduced graphene oxide is between 2 and 20%.30. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein a concentration of the reduced graphene oxide in the paint is between 0.05 and 10% by weight.31. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein the thermosetting polymer is chosen from at least one of the group consisting of: epoxy resin claim 27 , Polyester resin claim 27 , Polyurethanes claim 27 , Polyurea/polyurethane claim 27 , Vulcanized rubber claim 27 , Urea-formaldehyde claim 27 , Melamine resin claim 27 , Benzoxazines claim 27 , Polyimides claim 27 , Bismaleimides claim 27 , Cyanate esters claim 27 , polycyanurates claim 27 , Furan claim 27 , Silicone resins claim 27 , Thiolyte and Vinyl ester resins and a mixture thereof.32. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein the non-conductive primer is made of at least one polymer.33. The coated metallic substrate as recited in wherein the polymer is chosen from at least one of the group consisting of: Poly(methyl methacrylate) claim 33 , epoxy resin claim 33 , Polyester resin claim 33 , Polyurethanes claim 33 , Polyurea/polyurethane claim 33 , Vulcanized rubber claim 33 , Urea-formaldehyde claim 33 , Melamine resin claim 33 , ...

Composite membrane, biosensor, and preparation methods thereof

A composite membrane, a biosensor, and preparation methods thereof are disclosed. In the preparation process, a moldable and plastic material is used as a carrier; after a dispersion liquid of a nanocarbon material wets the carrier, by means of multiple stretching and folding processes, the nanocarbon material is uniformly distributed and arranged regularly inside the entire plastic material in a stretching strain direction. The prepared composite membrane is elastic, attachable, and cost-efficient, and may detect strains as high as 530%. The composite membrane further has high sensitivity and high durability, and may be effectively applied to a biosensor for monitoring motion and humidity.

CHARACTERIZING PRIMATE NAIL DEFORMATION

A method includes measuring, using at least one sensor, strain on a nail plate of a subject, wherein the at least one sensor outputs a data stream corresponding to the measuring, communicating the data stream to a receiver, and interpreting, by the receiver, the data stream to determine a parameter of interest of the subject. 1. A method comprising:measuring, using at least one sensor, strain on a nail plate of a subject, wherein the at least one sensor outputs a data stream corresponding to the measuring;communicating the data stream to a receiver; andinterpreting, by the receiver, the data stream to determine a parameter of interest of the subject.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mounting the at least one sensor to the nail plate of the subject.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the parameter of interest is a state of the subject claim 1 , the method further comprising tracking a progression of the state of the subject over time.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising learning a mapping from the data stream to the parameter of interest of the subject claim 1 , where the mapping corresponds to a configuration of the strain gauge claim 1 , and wherein the interpretation is performed using the mapping.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising learning one of a model and a classifier from known inputs of the subject and corresponding strain measurements claim 1 , wherein the classifier is used in performing the interpretation of the data stream. This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/410,836, filed Jan. 20, 2017, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/401,117 filed on Sep. 28, 2016, the complete disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes.The present disclosure relates generally to quantifying grip strength and characterizing movement idioms based on fingernail deformation. These two functions are useful for evaluating ...

System and Method of Compensation of a Display

In one or more embodiments, one or more systems, methods, and/or processes may determine first multiple brightness settings of pixels of a display; may determine an angle of an observation point with respect to a position associated with the display; may determine second multiple brightness settings of the pixels of the display based at least on the first multiple brightness settings and the angle of the observation point; and may display, via the display, an image utilizing the second multiple brightness settings. In one or more embodiments, the one or more systems, methods, and/or processes may further receive information from a tracking device. 1. An information handling system , comprising:at least one processor;a graphics processing unit; and determine a first plurality of brightness settings of pixels of a display; and', 'determine an angle of an observation point with respect to a position associated with the display;, 'a memory medium, coupled to the at least one processor, that stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which when executed by the at least one processor, cause the information handling system towherein the graphics processing unit is configured to determine a second plurality of brightness settings of the pixels of the display based at least on the first plurality of brightness settings and the angle of the observation point; and 'display, via the display, an image utilizing the second plurality of brightness settings.', 'wherein the instructions further cause the information handling system to2. The information handling system of claim 1 ,wherein the instructions further cause the information handling system to receive information from a tracking device; andwherein, to determine the angle of the observation point with respect to the position associated with the display, the instructions further cause the information handling system to determine the angle of the observation point with respect to the position associated with ...

Film Resistor and Thin-Film Sensor

A film resistor and a film sensor are disclosed. In an embodiment a film resistor includes a piezoresistive layer comprising a MAXphase, wherein M comprises at least one transition metal, A comprises a main-group element, and X comprises carbon and/or nitrogen, and wherein n=1, 2 or 3. 115-. (canceled)16. A film resistor comprising:{'sub': 1+n', 'n, 'a piezoresistive layer comprising a MAXphase,'}wherein M comprises at least one transition metal, A comprises a main-group element, and X comprises carbon and/or nitrogen, andwherein n=1, 2 or 3.17. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein M comprises a single transition metal or two transition metals M1 claim 16 ,M2.18. The film resistor according to claim 16 ,wherein M comprises at least one of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf or Ta, andwherein A is one of Al, Si, P, S, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl, Pb or Bi.19. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein the piezoresistive layer consists essentially of the MAXphase.20. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein the piezoresistive layer comprises an oxide claim 16 , a nitride or a carbide.21. The film resistor according to claim 20 , wherein the oxide is present at least in part as a surface oxide of the piezoresistive layer.22. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein the piezoresistive layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 8 ppm/K and 14 ppm/K inclusive.23. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein the piezoresistive layer has a specific resistance of greater than 1 μΩ/m at a temperature of 20° C.24. The film resistor according to claim 16 , wherein the piezoresistive layer has a k factor claim 16 , which indicates a ratio of a relative change in resistance (ΔR/R) to a relative change in length (ΔL/L) of the piezoresistive layer claim 16 , of greater than 2.25. A thin-film sensor comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00016', 'claim 16'}, 'the film resistor according to .'}26. The thin-film sensor according ...

FLEXIBLE DISPLAY APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD THEREFOR

A flexible display apparatus and a control method therefor. The flexible display apparatus comprises: a flexible display panel (); a bending sensor (), that is configured to sense bending information of the flexible display panel (); and a processor, that is coupled to the bending sensor (), configured to receive the bending information of the bending sensor (), and determines whether the bending information is valid bending information, and if so, then a currently running application program is controlled according to the valid bending information to perform a corresponding operation. By bending the flexible display panel (), an application program is controlled to perform a corresponding operation, achieving a convenient, accurate, and effective operation, and improving user experience. 1. A flexible display apparatus , comprising:a flexible display panel;a bending inductor, configured to sense bending information of the flexible display panel; and receive the bending information of the bending inductor,', 'determine whether the bending information is valid bending information, and', 'control at least one application to execute a corresponding operation according to the valid bending information, when the bending information is determined to be the valid bending information., 'a processor, coupled with the bending inductor, and configured to2. The flexible display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the bending information comprises a degree of bending; at least one strain gauge in a bending induction region of the flexible display panel, and', 'a bending sensor coupled with the at least one strain gauge;', 'wherein one end of the strain gauge is coupled with a power supply terminal, and the other end of the strain gauge is coupled with the bending sensor; and', detect current signals of the strain gauge,', 'determine the degree of bending according to the current signals, and', 'output the bending information., 'the bending sensor is configured to], 'the ...

Loudspeaker diaphragm state estimation method and loudspeaker driving circuit using the same

A loudspeaker diaphragm state estimation method includes: adjusting a weight value of a diaphragm displacement model by adaptive filtering until an error between an estimated value of a driving voltage of a loudspeaker and a measured value of the driving voltage is less than a predetermined threshold; estimating a diaphragm relative displacement of the loudspeaker according to the diaphragm displacement model corresponding to a final determined weight value; determining a diaphragm relative speed at a next moment based on an input current, a product value of a vector determined by an estimated value of a diaphragm relative speed and an estimated value of a diaphragm relative displacement, and a weight value vector obtained at a present moment; and determining an estimated value of the driving voltage using the estimated value of the diaphragm relative speed, the input current, and a DC impedance of the loudspeaker at the present moment.

FLEXIBLE STRUCTURE WITH STRAIN GAUGE, APPLICATION TO ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES IN A FLEXIBLE PACKAGING

The present invention relates to a flexible structure () comprising a strain gauge () that is elongate along a longitudinal axis X and intended to measure the deformation of the flexible structure in a direction X parallel to the axis X the strain-gauge support () being bonded to the flexible structure only via the lateral ends () thereof. One particularly targeted application is the bonding of strain tool gauges to the packaging of a flexible lithium battery, such as an Li-ion battery. 111. A flexible structure -comprising a strain gauge that is elongate along a longitudinal axis X and that is intended to measure deformation of the flexible structure in a direction X parallel to the axis X , the carrier of the gauge being adhesively bonded to the flexible structure only by its lateral ends.2. The flexible structure as claimed in claim 1 , each adhesive bead between the gauge carrier and flexible structure being produced over the entire length of one lateral end.3. The flexible structure as claimed in claim 1 , the adhesive between the gauge carrier and flexible structure being an adhesive claim 1 , in the set state claim 1 , having a high Young's modulus claim 1 , typically higher than 5 GPa claim 1 , or even a very high Young's modulus.4. The flexible structure as claimed in claim 1 , the adhesive being chosen from the family of cyanoacrylates of general formula: CH═C(CN)—COOR claim 1 , where R is a methyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , hextyl claim 1 , heptyl or octyl radical.5. The flexible structure as claimed in claim 1 , constituting the flexible packaging of a lithium electrochemical accumulator such as a Li-ion accumulator.6. A method for adhesively bonding a strain gauge to a flexible structure claim 1 , wherein the carrier of the gauge is adhesively bonded to the flexible structure only by its lateral ends. The present invention relates to the field of measurement of the deformation of a flexible structure by means of at least ...

DEVICE FOR DETECTING WEAR OF AN ELECTRICALLY RESISTIVE WEAR MEMBER

A device for detecting wear of a wear member composed of electrically resistive material. The wear member comprises at least two electrodes separated from each other, where each electrode overlies, or is embedded in, an outer surface of the electrically resistive material. One of the electrodes is connected to a resistor at a measurement node to form a resistive voltage divider. A voltage measurement device measures a change in voltage at the measurement node, where the change is voltage is indicative of the degree of removal of resistive material from a face of the wear member and where the change in voltage is continuously variable and not limited to discrete wear levels. 1. A device for detecting wear of a wear member , the device comprising:an electrically resistive material having a face for engaging a mechanical contact member and an outer surface separate from the face;at least two electrodes overlying the outer surface of the electrically resistive material;a resistor;one of the electrodes is connected to the resistor at a measurement node to form a resistive voltage divider; anda voltage measurement device measures a change in voltage at the measurement node where the change in voltage is indicative of the wear level or the degree of removal of resistive material from a face of the wear member, where the change in voltage is continuously variable and not limited to discrete wear levels.2. The device according to wherein the electrodes are embedded in the electrically resistive material.3. The device according to further comprising:an analog-to-digital converter coupled to the measurement node;a data storage device for storing reference data comprising reference measurement voltage versus a wear level of the wear member;an electronic data processor adapted to determine the wear level or degree of removal of the resistive material from the face of the wear member based on an observed change in voltage at the measurement node with respect to an initial voltage ...

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE AND HIGH BANDWIDTH MEMORY DEVICE

An integrated circuit device and a high bandwidth memory device are disclosed. The integrated circuit device includes a plurality of warpage detection sensors at a plurality of different positions, respectively, and electrically connected in series. Each of the plurality of warpage detection sensors is configured to generate a clock signal with a period that is based on a resistance that varies based on a pressure at a corresponding position, and to generate digital data by performing a counting operation in response to the clock signal. 1. An integrated circuit device , comprising:a plurality of warpage detection sensors at a plurality of different positions, respectively, and electrically connected in series,wherein each of the plurality of warpage detection sensors is configured to generate a clock signal with a period that is based on a resistance that varies based on a pressure at a corresponding one of the plurality of positions, and is further configured to generate first digital data by performing a first counting operation in response to the clock signal and to generate second digital data by performing a second counting operation in response to the clock signal.2. The integrated circuit device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of warpage detection sensors comprises:a clock generator configured to generate the clock signal; anda counter configured to generate the first digital data or the second digital data by performing the first counting operation or the second counting operation in response to the clock signal, to output the first digital data or the second digital to a next warpage detection sensor in response to a shifting clock signal, and to receive the first digital data or the second digital data output from a previous warpage detection sensor.3. The integrated circuit device of claim 2 , wherein:the plurality of warpage detection sensors are electrically connected in series on an outer portion of the integrated circuit device;the clock ...

PRESSURE SENSOR

A pressure sensor includes: a pressure sensor element; an adapter integrally attached to the pressure sensor element and defining therein a hole where a pressure of a fluid to be measured is introduced to the pressure sensor element; a fitting member having a housing recess housing the adapter and connectable to a connected member; and a pressing member pressing a valve of the connected member and defining a communicating path through which a flow path where the pressure of the fluid is introduced is in communication with the hole of the adapter. The fitting member is made of a synthetic resin. An O-ring is interposed between a circumferential surface of the adapter and the fitting member. The adapter is a synthetic resin member, and includes a contact portion brought into contact with the adapter and a pressing portion pressing the valve. The pressing member is welded to the fitting member. 1. A pressure sensor comprising:a pressure sensor element displaceable by a pressure of a fluid to be measured introduced through a connected member;an adapter integrally attached to the pressure sensor element, the adapter defining therein a hole through which the pressure of the fluid to be measured is introduced to the pressure sensor element;a fitting member provided with a housing recess for housing the adapter, the fitting member being connectable to the connected member, the fitting member being made of a synthetic resin; a contact portion brought into contact with the adapter; and', 'a pressing portion provided on a side opposite to the contact portion to press the valve; and, 'a pressing member for pressing a valve provided to the connected member, the pressing member defining a communicating path through which a flow path of the connected member, in which the pressure of the fluid to be measured is introduced, is in communication with the hole of the adapter, the pressing member being a synthetic resin member comprisingan O-ring interposed between a circumferential ...

CONTROL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD

A control system includes: a piezoelectric element having a deformation amount that varies according to a magnitude of a drive voltage applied to the piezoelectric element; a base on which the piezoelectric element is arranged; a deformation sensor configured to detect a displacement of the base caused by deformation of the piezoelectric element and output the displacement as a displacement signal; and a drive device configured to apply the drive voltage to the piezoelectric element while adjusting the magnitude of the drive voltage so as to reduce a difference between a value of the displacement signal and a value of a setting signal. 1. A control system for controlling a mechanical displacement of a base according to a setting signal from a signal source , the control system comprising:a piezoelectric element having a deformation amount that varies according to a magnitude of a drive voltage applied to the piezoelectric element;the base on which the piezoelectric element is arranged;a deformation sensor configured to detect the displacement of the base caused by deformation of the piezoelectric element and output the displacement as a displacement signal; anda drive device configured to apply the drive voltage to the piezoelectric element while adjusting the magnitude of the drive voltage so as to reduce a difference between a value of the displacement signal and a value of the setting signal.2. The control system of claim 1 , wherein the drive device includes an error amplifier configured to output a difference between the displacement signal and the setting signal claim 1 , and a driver circuit configured to receive an output of the error amplifier and apply the drive voltage to the piezoelectric element claim 1 , andwherein the driver circuit is further configured to adjust the drive voltage so as to reduce the output of the error amplifier.3. The control system of claim 2 , wherein the deformation sensor includes a piezoelectric resistor having an electrical ...

METHOD OF TESTING A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOW ELEMENT, AND A VALIDATION SYSTEM THEREFOR

A method of testing a SMA element includes connecting the SMA element to a validation tool, and applying an electrical current to the SMA element over a test cycle. A resistance of the SMA element during the test cycle is measured, while the electrical current is being applied. The measured resistance of the SMA element during the test cycle is correlated to an estimated strain value of the SMA element during the test cycle. A temperature of the SMA element during the test cycle is estimated. A stress in the SMA element during the test cycle is estimated from a stress predicting grid, using the estimated strain value and the estimated temperature of the SMA element during the test cycle. The proper functionality of the SMA element may be determined based on the estimated stress in the SMA element. 1. A method of testing a production Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) element , the method comprising:providing a stress predicting grid relating stress, strain, and temperature for the production SMA element;connecting a validation tool to the production SMA element;applying an electrical current to the production SMA element over a test cycle period;measuring a resistance of the production SMA element during the test cycle period, while the electrical current is being applied;correlating the measured resistance of the production SMA element during the test cycle period to an estimated strain value of the production SMA element during the test cycle period; andestimating a stress in the production SMA element during the test cycle period from the stress predicting grid using the estimated strain value during the test cycle period.2. The method set forth in claim 1 , further comprising estimating a temperature of the production SMA element during the test cycle period.3. The method set forth in claim 2 , wherein estimating the stress in the production SMA element during the test cycle period is further defined as estimating the stress in the production SMA element during the test ...

SENSING SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a sensing system that, in a preferred embodiment, can be readily integrated into load-lifting structures (such as wings and landing gears) to provide real-time DPHM and obviate/mitigate catastrophic problems. Broadly, the present sensing system combines at least one shim portion with at least one nanogenerator such as a TENG or a PENG. A major advantage of the present sensing system is that it combines in a single structure the following functions: (a) gap management in the component in which the sensing system is installed, (b) collection/storage of measured data for the component in which the sensing system is installed, (c) harvesting/storing energy from operation environment of the component in which the sensing system is installed (e.g., DPHM data when the present sensing system is used for assessment of an aircraft's structural conditions), and (d) wireless transmission of measured data for the component in which the sensing system is installed to a user interface. 1. A sensing system comprising at least one shim portion secured with respect to at least one nanogenerator portion.2. The sensing system defined in claim 1 , wherein the nanogenerator portion comprises a piezoelectric nanogenerator.34-. (canceled)5. The sensing system defined in claim 2 , wherein the piezoelectric nanogenerator comprises a laminate structure having the following elements:(a) a substrate;(b) an electrically insulating buffer layer;(c) a first electrode element;(d) piezoelectric element is configured to convert mechanical and/or thermal energy to electrical energy; and(e) a second electrode element;wherein the nanogenerator further comprises an encapsulation element that encapsulates the laminate structure612-. (canceled)13. The sensing system defined in claim 5 , wherein the substrate is coated with chromium.1418-. (canceled)19. The sensing system defined in claim 5 , wherein the first electrode comprises an optically-transparent first electrode.20. ...

Highly Stretchable Strain Sensor for Human Motion Monitoring

The present disclosure provides a simple method to assemble a highly stretchable and highly sensitive strain sensor. Carbon nanofibers prepared by electrospinning of PAN followed by stabilization and carbonization, are sandwiched in two layers of elastomer PU. The CNFs/PU strain sensor shows large strain range of 300%, high sensitivity with gauge factor up to 72.5, and superior stability and durability during 8000 cycles of stretch/release. These parameters meet the intended objectives of the present disclosure and distinguish the present disclosure from the piezoresistive strain sensors reported in the art. Additionally, the CNFs/PU strain sensor shows fast, stable and reproducible responses following the bending movement of fingers, wrists, and elbows. A flexible CNFs/PU strain sensor with the properties disclosed herein can have broad applications in wearable devices for human motion monitoring. 1. A method for assembling a highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensor , comprising:forming a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous mat from electrospinning;producing a carbon nanofibers (CNFs) mat by stabilization and carbonization of the PAN nanofibrous mat, wherein the CNFs mat has opposing ends;film casting a first polyurethane (PU) solution into a first PU film by coating a first layer of the PU film onto a curing substrate;assembling the CNFs mat on top of the first layer of the PU film and the curing substrate;preparing electrical contacts by applying an electrically conductive material to the opposing ends of the CNFs mat and connecting a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor to the electrically conductive material on the opposing ends of the CNFs mat;film casting a second polyurethane (PU) solution into a second PU film by coating a second layer of the second PU film on top of the CNFs mat; andencapsulating the first layer of the PU film, the CNFs mat, the electrically conductive material on the opposing ends of the CNFs mat, the first ...

PRESSURE SENSING PANEL AND DISPLAY DEVICE

The present disclosure discloses a pressure sensing panel and a display device. A strain sensing unit includes a switching transistor, a first resistive pressure sensing electrode and a second resistive pressure sensing electrode. The first reference voltage line and the second reference voltage line have a potential difference when the switching transistor is switched on. When the pressure sensing panel is deformed, the resistances of the first resistive pressure sensing electrode and the second resistive pressure sensing electrode change due to deformation of the first resistive pressure sensing electrode and the second resistive pressure sensing electrode at corresponding positions, which leads to a change in voltage between the first resistive pressure sensing electrode and the second resistive pressure sensing electrode. Then voltage signals output through the signal reading line will change, and deformation of the pressure sensing panel can be obtained through analyzing the output voltage signal. 1. A pressure sensing panel , comprising:a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate disposed oppositely; anda plurality of strain sensing units, a first reference voltage line, a second reference voltage line, signal reading lines and scanning lines, all of which are disposed on a side, facing the second flexible substrate, of the first flexible substrate or disposed on a side of the second flexible substrate facing the first flexible substrate;wherein the plurality of strain sensing units are arranged in a matrix, each of the signal reading lines is electrically connected with each column of strain sensing units in a one-to-one corresponding manner, and each of the scanning lines is electrically connected with each row of strain sensing units in a one-to-one corresponding manner;each of the plurality of strain sensing unit comprises: a switching transistor, a first resistive pressure sensing electrode and a second resistive pressure sensing electrode; ...

SENSOR UNIT USING ELECTRO-ACTIVE POLYMER FOR WIRELESS TRANSMISSION/RECEPTION OF DEFORMATION INFORMATION, AND SENSOR USING SAME

Provided is a technique related to a new sensor unit which is flexible in that the sensor unit can be installed in various locations such as inside of a structure with a large curvature, and which can stably measure multi-directional deformation and very efficiently and wireless measure deformation information, and thus provided is a technique of a sensor structure which can be universally utilized in various systems for measuring deformation information. The sensor unit using an electro-active polymer for the wireless transmission/reception of deformation information, according to a first embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a first sensor part formed from a fiber or film comprising a ferroelectric electro-active polymer material; a second sensor part configured to include the first sensor part therein, and formed from a matrix comprising a dielectric elastomer electro-active polymer material; and an electrode part provided to come into contact with the first sensor part or the second sensor part and, when an external force is applied to the first sensor part or the second sensor part, transmits to the outside an electric signal generated by the first sensor part or the second sensor part. 1. A sensor unit using an electro-active polymer for wireless transmission/reception of deformation information , the sensor unit comprising:a first sensor part formed in a fiber or film including a ferroelectric electro-active polymer material;a second sensor part configured to include the first sensor part, and formed in a matrix including a dielectric elastomer electro-active polymer material; andan electrode part provided to come into contact with the first sensor part or the second sensor part, and when an external force is applied to the first sensor part or the second sensor part, transmitting to the outside an electric signal generated by the first sensor part or the second sensor part.2. The sensor unit of claim 1 , wherein a part of the electrode part is ...

SYSTEM OF ULTRASONIC CONSUMPTION METERS WITH PRESSURE SENSORS

A system of a plurality of ultrasonic consumption meters each arranged in a utility network for measuring consumption data of a utility in terms of a supplied fluid, the utility network further comprising a data collector for collecting the consumption data is provided, wherein: Each of the ultrasonic consumption meters are arranged to measure a flow rate of the supplied fluid and a pressure of the supplied fluid, the consumption meters comprising: A flow tube with a through-going opening for passage of a fluid between an inlet and an outlet, the flow tube having a wall with an outer surface ; two ultrasonic transducers arranged at the outer surface of the flow tube , so that ultrasonic signals are transmitted through the wall; a control circuit arranged for operating the two ultrasonic transducers and to generate a signal indicative of the flow rate of the fluid; and a communication module connected to the control circuit and arranged for communicating the signal indicative of the flow rate of the fluid to the data collector ; wherein the control circuit is arranged for operating a first strain gauge arranged at the outer surface of the flow tube to generate a signal indicative of the pressure of the fluid, and wherein the communication module is arranged for communicating the signal indicative of the pressure of the fluid to the data collector . The consumption meters of the system are capable of obtaining and communicating data relating to flow and pressure in a utility network to an operator of the network for proper operation of the network. 1. A system of a plurality of ultrasonic consumption meters each arranged in a utility network for measuring consumption data of a utility in terms of a supplied fluid , the utility network further comprising a data collector for collecting the consumption data , wherein: a flow tube with a through-going opening for passage of the fluid between an inlet and an outlet, the flow tube having a wall with an outer surface;', ' ...

SENSOR AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a film portion and a first sensor portion. The film portion is deformable. The first sensor portion is provided at the film portion. The first sensor portion includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer, and a first intermediate layer. The second conductive layer is provided between the first conductive layer and the film portion. The first magnetic layer is provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The second magnetic layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the second conductive layer. The first intermediate layer is provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. A curvature of the first conductive layer is different from a curvature of at least a portion of the film portion. 115-. (canceled)16. A sensor , comprising:a film portion, the film portion being deformable; a first conductive layer,', 'a second conductive layer provided between the first conductive layer and the film portion,', 'a first magnetic layer provided between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer,', 'a second magnetic layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second conductive layer, and', 'a first intermediate layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer,, 'a first sensor portion provided at the film portion, the first sensor portion including'}the first conductive layer having a first conductive layer surface, and a second conductive layer surface positioned between the first conductive layer surface and the film portion,the first conductive layer surface being concave or convex, anda curvature of the first conductive layer surface being different from a curvature of a partial region of the film portion, the partial region overlapping the first sensor portion in a direction from the second magnetic layer toward the first magnetic layer.17. A ...

ANOMALY DETECTION SYSTEM FOR SECONDARY BATTERY

An anomaly detection system that outputs an anomaly detection signal before a safety valve of a secondary battery is opened is provided. The anomaly detection system includes a strain sensor, a memory, and a comparator. The memory has a function of retaining an analog potential, and the comparator has a function of comparing a potential output by the strain sensor and the analog potential retained by the memory. The strain sensor is attached to the secondary battery before use, and a predetermined potential is retained in the memory. When a housing of the secondary battery expands while the secondary battery is used, and the potential output by the strain sensor becomes higher (or lower) than the predetermined potential, an anomaly detection signal is output. 1. An anomaly detection system comprising:a strain sensor;a memory; anda comparator,wherein the memory is configured to retain an analog potential,wherein the comparator is configured to compare a first potential output by the strain sensor and a second potential retained by the memory, retain the first potential in the memory as an initialization operation in a first case where the second potential-ja higher than the first potential; and', 'output an anomaly detection signal in a second case where the second potential is lower than the first potential by a predetermined value or more., 'wherein the anomaly detection system is configured to2. The anomaly detection system according to claim 1 ,wherein the strain sensor comprises a resistor and a strain sensor element, andwherein the strain sensor element is attached to a secondary battery.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The anomaly detection system according to claim 1 , further comprising:an oscillation circuit; anda counter circuit,wherein the oscillation circuit is configured to oscillate an AC signal in the second case,wherein the counter circuit is configured to count a number of oscillations of the AC signal, andwherein an anomaly detection signal is ...

SUBSTRATES FOR ELECTRONIC SKINS

A substrate for use in an electronic skin is disclosed herein. The substrate comprises a base polymer layer, and a first intermediate polymer layer attached to the base polymer layer by a first adhesive layer. The first intermediate polymer layer comprises a first intermediate polymer in which electron-rich groups are linked directly to one another or by optionally substituted Calkanediyl groups. A first conductive layer is attached to the first intermediate polymer layer by a second adhesive layer or by multiple second adhesive layers between which a second intermediate polymer layer or a second conductive layer is disposed. 1. A substrate for use in an electronic skin , said substrate comprising:a base polymer layer;a first intermediate polymer layer attached to the base polymer layer by a first adhesive layer, the first intermediate polymer layer comprising a first intermediate polymer in which electron-rich groups are linked directly to one another or by optionally substituted C1-4 alkanediyl groups; anda first conductive layer attached to the first intermediate polymer layer by a second adhesive layer or by multiple second adhesive layers between which a second intermediate polymer layer or a second conductive layer is disposed.225.-. (canceled)26. The substrate of claim 1 , wherein the base polymer layer comprises a base polymer which is an elastomer selected from polysiloxanes claim 1 , polyimides claim 1 , polybutyrates claim 1 , polymethyl methacrylates claim 1 , polyacrylic acids claim 1 , polyethylenes claim 1 , polyethylene terephthalates claim 1 , polyurethanes claim 1 , polyvinyl chlorides claim 1 , polyethylenimines claim 1 , polyethylene naphthalates claim 1 , polypropylenes claim 1 , polystyrenes claim 1 , polyamides claim 1 , polytetrafluoroethylenes claim 1 , and polyvinylidene difluorides.27. The substrate claim 1 , wherein the base polymer has at least one of:has a Young's modulus of from 200 kPa to 5 MPa; anda thickness of from 500 μm to 2 mm. ...

Mechanical Quantity Measurement Device and Pressure Sensor Using Same

Provided are a mechanical quantity measurement device having a higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution than the prior art and a pressure sensor using the same. A mechanical quantity measurement device that is provided with a plurality of Wheatstone bridges on the main surface of a single semiconductor substrate that are composed from impurity-diffused resistors and detect the difference between the strain amount occurring in the x-axis direction and the strain amount occurring in the y-axis direction, which intersect at right angles on the main surface of the semiconductor substrate, said mechanical quantity measurement device being characterized in that the impurity-diffused resistors composing the plurality of Wheatstone bridges are disposed evenly in an area to be measured. 1. A mechanical quantity measuring apparatus including on a main surface of a semiconductor substrate a plurality of Wheatstone bridges constituted by impurity diffusion resistors to detect a difference between a strain quantity generated in an x-axial direction and a strain quantity generated in a y-axial direction by the Wheatstone bridges , the x-axial direction and the y-axial direction being perpendicular to each other on the main surface of the semiconductor substrate ,wherein the impurity diffusion resistors constituting the plurality of Wheatstone bridges are arranged to be close to each other, and output signal components of the plurality of Wheatstone bridges increase with approximately equal sensitivities in accordance with an average strain quantity in a region to be measured.2. The mechanical quantity measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the main surface of the semiconductor substrate is a {100} face of single-crystal silicon.3. The mechanical quantity measuring apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the x-axial direction and the y-axial direction correspond to a <110> direction of a silicon substrate claim 2 , andwherein each of the plurality of Wheatstone ...

STITCHED STRETCH SENSOR

A stitched sensor including a plurality of threads stitched to a textile in a stitch geometry is described. The plurality of threads includes a conductive thread, and the stitch geometry is configured such that an electrical property of the stitched sensor changes based on at least one of stretching, relaxation, or bending of the textile. Methods for forming a stitched sensor are also described. 1. A system comprising:a stitched sensor comprising a plurality of threads stitched to a textile in a stitch geometry, the plurality of threads comprising a conductive thread, wherein the stitch geometry is configured such that an electrical property of the stitched sensor changes based on at least one of stretching and relaxation of the textile.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the conductive thread defines a plurality of loops in the stitch geometry.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of loops are configured to become farther apart upon stretching of the textile and closer together upon relaxation of the textile.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of loops are configured to become closer together upon stretching of the textile and farther apart upon relaxation of the textile.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electrical property of the stitched sensor is a resistance of the stitched sensor.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the stitched sensor is configured such that resistance of the stitched sensor increases in response to stretching of the textile.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the stitched sensor is configured such that resistance of the stitched sensor decreases in response to stretching of the textile.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electrical property of the stitched sensor is a resonant frequency of the stitched sensor.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of threads comprises the conductive thread and at least one non-conductive thread.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the stitch geometry comprises at least ...

EMBROIDERED STRAIN SENSING ELEMENTS

A deformation sensing fabric comprises a fabric substrate comprising a first fabric layer and a first conductive element woven into the first fabric layer. The first conductive element outputs a first instrumented signal, responsive to an applied stimulus signal, indicative of a measure of change in an electrical property of the first conductive element in response to a strain applied to the fabric substrate along a long-axis of the first conductive element. The first conductive element is instrumented by a measurement system which stimulates the first conductive element and measures an electrical property of the first conductive element. 1. A deformation sensing fabric comprising:a fabric substrate comprising a first fabric layer; anda first conductive element woven into the first fabric layer, and configured to output a first instrumented signal, responsive to an applied stimulus signal, indicative of a measure of change in an electrical property of the first conductive element in response to a strain applied to the fabric substrate along a long-axis of the first conductive element.2. The deformation sensing fabric of claim 1 , wherein:the first conductive element is configured to form a first strain gauge and the first instrumented signal, responsive to the applied stimulus signal, is indicative of a change in resistance of the first strain gauge in response to a strain applied to the fabric substrate along a length of the first strain gauge.3. The deformation sensing fabric of claim 2 , wherein:the first fabric layer comprises an electrically insulating fiber material;the first strain gauge comprises an electrically conductive elastic fiber material interwoven amidst threads of the electrically insulating fiber material.4. The deformation sensing fabric of claim 3 , wherein the electrically conductive elastic fiber material is encapsulated by an electrically insulating elastic fiber material coating configured to be interwoven amidst threads of the electrically ...

Electronic device and method of operating an electronic device

An electronic device includes a frame to be worn by a user, at least one strain gauge coupled to the frame, and a control unit. The at least one strain gauge generates a deformation measurement signal indicative of an amount of strain caused by deformation of the frame. The control unit identifies the user wearing the frame based on the deformation measurement signal.

Determining at least one characteristic of a boundary layer of a wind turbine rotor blade

Provided is a method for determining at least one characteristic of a boundary layer a wind turbine rotor blade, including capturing at least one movement of at least one flexible element of at least one sensor being attached to or being part of a surface of the rotor blade, determining the at least one characteristic of the boundary layer based on the at least one captured movement of the at least one flexible element. Further, a sensor device, a wind turbine and a device as well as a computer program product and a computer readable medium are suggested for performing the method.

Detection apparatus, seat belt, and monitoring system

This detection device is a device for detecting the movement of a human body. The detection device has: a substrate having flexibility; an electric element provided on the substrate and having an electrical characteristic that changes with the movement of the human body; and a semiconductor element that is provided on the substrate, detects a change in the electrical characteristic of the electric element, and outputs a detection value corresponding to the detected result. The substrate is a flexible substrate or a fabric member including conductive fibers, for example.

A COATED NON-CONDUCTIVE SUBSTRATE

A non-conductive substrate being at least partially coated with a paint including reduced graphene oxide and a thermosetting polymer, the non-conductive substrate being directly coated by the paint, a method for the manufacture of this coated non-conductive substrate, methods for detecting leaks or strain deformation and the uses of said coated non-conductive substrate. 129-. (canceled)30. A coated non-conductive substrate comprising:{'sup': 2', '−1, 'a non-conductive substrate being at least partially coated on at least one side with a paint including a reduced graphene oxide having a surface area below 300 m·grand at least one thermosetting polymer, the non-conductive substrate being directly coated by the paint.'}31. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein a lateral size of the reduced graphene oxide is between 1 and 80 μm.32. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein a weight percentage of oxygen in the reduced graphene oxide is between 2 and 20%.33. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein a concentration of the reduced graphene oxide in the paint is between 0.05 and 10% by weight.34. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein the thermosetting polymer is chosen from at least one of the group consisting of: epoxy resin claim 30 , Polyester resin claim 30 , Polyurethanes claim 30 , Polyurea/polyurethane claim 30 , Vulcanized rubber claim 30 , Urea-formaldehyde claim 30 , Melamine resin claim 30 , Benzoxazines claim 30 , Polyimides claim 30 , Bismaleimides claim 30 , Cyanate esters claim 30 , polycyanurates claim 30 , Furan claim 30 , Silicone resins claim 30 , Thiolyte and Vinyl ester resins and a mixture thereof.35. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein the non-conductive substrate is a textile or a plastic substrate.36. The coated non-conductive substrate as recited in wherein the non-conductive substrate is coated with paint strips to form an alternation between painted non- ...

THERMAL SPRAY COATING

Example systems and techniques for controlling thermal spray processes and for determining properties of thermal spray coatings. A computing device may control a thermal spray gun to thermally spray a substrate in a thermal spray cycle including a plurality of passes of a coating material to form a coating. The computing device may determine a change in curvature of the substrate during the thermal spraying, and determine properties of the coating based on the changes in the curvature. The computing device may control the thermal spray gun based on the determined properties. 1. A method comprising:thermally spraying a substrate in a thermal spray cycle comprising a plurality of passes of a coating material to form a coating;determining, by a computing device, a change in curvature of the substrate Δκ during a central pass of the plurality of passes; anddetermining, by the computing device, residual stress σ of the coating based on the change in the curvature Δκ.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the residual stress σ comprises determining claim 1 , by the computing device claim 1 , a change in a thickness Δtof the coating during the central pass and determining the residual stress σ based on a relationship including Δtand Δκ.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the change in curvature of the substrate comprises determining a bending deflection of the substrate at at least one predetermined location along the substrate.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one predetermined location comprises at least three locations.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the bending deflection comprises receiving claim 5 , by the computing device claim 5 , from a respective laser sensor adjacent each respective predetermined location of the at least one predetermined location or from a respective strain gauge in contact with the substrate at each respective predetermined location of the at least one predetermined location claim 5 , a signal ...

ULTRA-SENSITIVE COMPLIANT STRAIN SENSORS

A strain sensor comprising a conductive member having a plurality of elements arranged adjacent to one another, and a non-conductive and elastically deformable material encapsulating the conductive member, wherein, in an equilibrium state, compressive forces cause at least one of the plurality of elements to contact at least a portion of an adjacent element, and wherein, when a strain is applied, a resulting elastic deformation causes at least one of the plurality of elements to space apart from an adjacent element such that the contacted portion decreases or is eliminated. A multi-axis force sensor comprising a sensing array comprising at least two planar sensors arranged radially on a planar substrate in antagonistic pairs, and a compressible member positioned between the substrate and a central portion of the sensing array, the compressible member acting to displace the central portion of the sensing array away from the substrate. 1. A strain sensor , comprising:an electrically conductive member having a plurality of elements arranged adjacent to one another; andan electrically non-conductive and elastically deformable material encapsulating the electrically conductive member,wherein, when the sensor is in an equilibrium state, compressive forces stored in the electrically non-conductive and elastically deformable material cause at least one of the plurality of elements to contact at least a portion of an adjacent element of the electrically conductive member, thereby forming an electrically conductive pathway between the adjacent elements through the contacted portion, andwherein, when a strain is applied to the sensor, a resulting elastic deformation of the electrically non-conductive and elastically deformable material causes at least one of the plurality of elements to space apart from an adjacent element such that the contacted portion decreases or is eliminated, thereby reducing or eliminating the electrically conductive pathway between the adjacent ...

TONER BOTTLE

One or more toner bottles are provided for supplying toners to development apparatuses. The toner bottles each include bottle portions and displacement sensors. The bottle portions accommodate the toners and are rotated by a drive force of a drive source. The displacement sensors are positioned on sides of the bottle portions and detect deflection amounts of the sides of the bottle portions to determine how much toner is remaining in each toner bottle. 1. A toner bottle for supplying toner to a development apparatus , the toner bottle comprising:a bottle portion configured to accommodate the toner and to rotate by a drive force applied by a drive source; anda displacement sensor disposed on a side of the bottle portion and configured to detect a deflection amount of the side of the bottle portion.2. The toner bottle according to claim 1 , wherein the displacement sensor comprises a piezoelectric element affixed to the side of the bottle portion and is configured to detect the deflection amount.3. The toner bottle according to claim 1 , further comprising a control unit configured to calculate an amount of the toner accommodated in the bottle portion based on the deflection amount detected by the displacement sensor.4. The toner bottle according to claim 3 , further comprising a notification unit configured to display a notification of the calculated amount of the toner calculated by the control unit.5. The toner bottle according to claim 3 , wherein the control unit is further configured to calculate the amount of the toner based on a maximum value and a minimum value of electric signals detected by the displacement sensor.6. The toner bottle according to claim 5 , wherein the control unit is further configured to calculate the amount of the toner based on a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value.7. The toner bottle according to claim 5 , wherein the control unit is further configured to calculate the amount of the toner based on a ratio between ...

POSITION INDICATOR AND POSITION INDICATING METHOD

A position indicator includes a resonant circuit configured to receive electromagnetic waves transmitted intermittently from a position detection device with a first duration and a second duration. The second duration is shorter than the first duration. The position indicator also includes a load resistance value control circuit configured to control a load resistance of the resonant circuit such that different values of the load resistance are set for the first duration and the second duration. A value of the load resistance set for the second duration is smaller than a value of the load resistance set for the first duration. 1. A position indicator comprising:a resonant circuit configured to receive electromagnetic waves transmitted intermittently from a position detection device with a first duration and a second duration, the second duration being shorter than the first duration; anda load resistance value control circuit configured to control a load resistance of the resonant circuit such that different values of the load resistance are set for the first duration and the second duration, a value of the load resistance set for the second duration being smaller than a value of the load resistance set for the first duration.2. The position indicator according to claim 1 , wherein:the load resistance value control circuit includes a series circuit including a resistor and a switch and connected in parallel with the resonant circuit, andthe load resistance value control circuit is configured to control the switch to turn off for the first duration, and to turn on for the second duration.3. The position indicator according to claim 2 , wherein the load resistance value control circuit controls the switch to turn on or off at a timing corresponding to the first duration of the electromagnetic waves received from the position detection device.4. The position indicator according to claim 1 , further comprising:an information generating circuit configured to generate ...

Multimodal strain sensor and method

There is a viscoelastic strain sensor that includes a sensing layer including a viscoelastic material, the viscoelastic material including a viscoelastic hydrogel and a conductive nanofiller. The viscoelastic material has a fractional resistance change that increases with an increase of an applied tensile strain, and the viscoelastic material has a fractional resistance change that decreases with an applied compressional strain.