Clinical hand-held infrared thermometer with special optical configuration

Method and apparatus for measuring temperature of a measured area of a surface without contacting the surface. The thermometer apparatus has an optical system which generates a correlative image of an infrared energy detector sensitive area at an image distance from the thermometer. A limiting aperture, having a size and a shape corresponding to those of the generated image, is between a mirror and the generated image. The measured area of the surface is between the generated image and the thermometer in use. With such a configuration, little infrared energy that does not originate from the measured area strikes the detector. Consequently, the energy reaching the detector is limited such that the size of the measured area remains constant, regardless of changes in the thermometer's field of view attributable to differences in the distance between the surface and the thermometer. A scan-and-integrate mode for practicing the invention is disclosed.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MONITORING BODY TEMPERATURE

An autonomous vehicle control system includes at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to cause a first device to monitor a body temperature of a first person, determine, responsive to the monitoring, as a first determination result, whether the monitored body temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold, perform image processing on an image of the first person, determine, based on a result of the image processing, as a second determination result, whether the first person wears a face mask, and control a second device based on at least one of the first determination result or the second determination result. 1. A method , comprising:monitoring, by at least one processor, a body temperature of a first person using a first device;determining, by the at least one processor responsive to the monitoring, as a first determination result, whether the monitored body temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold;performing, by the at least one processor, image processing on an image of the first person;determining, by the at least one processor based on a result of the image processing, as a second determination result, whether the first person wears a face mask; andcontrolling, by the at least one processor, a second device based on at least one of the first determination result or the second determination result.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first device is a thermal scanner.3. The method according to claim 1 , whereinthe second device is a gate configured to open or close, and 'controlling, based on at least one of the first determination result or the second determination result, the gate to open so that the first person can pass the gate.', 'controlling the second device comprises4. The method according to claim 1 , whereinthe second device is a speaker, and 'controlling, based on at least one of the first determination result or the second determination result, the speaker to emit an alarm sound or output a voice conveying a ...

THERMAL DETECTION SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND DEVICES

Systems, methods, and devices for thermal detection. A thermal detection device includes a visual sensor, a thermal sensor (e.g., a thermopile array), a controller, a user interface, a display, and a removable and rechargeable battery pack. The thermal detection device also includes a plurality of additional software and hardware modules configured to perform or execute various functions and operations of the thermal detection device. An output from the visual sensor and an output from the thermal sensor are combined by the controller or the plurality of additional modules to generate a combined image for display on the display. 1. A thermal detection device comprising:an outer housing;a visual camera configured to generate a first signal related to a visual image of a scene;a first thermopile array including a first plurality of pixels;an array of temperature sensors positioned around the first thermopile array;a first control unit including a processor and a first memory, the first control unit connected to the first thermopile array and configured to generate a second signal related to a thermal image of the scene, the second signal associated with a temperature sensed by at least one of the first plurality of pixels in the first thermopile array; receive the second signal from the first control unit,', 'receive one or more output signals from the array of temperature sensors related to a temperature of the first thermopile array,', 'generate a thermal map of the first plurality of pixels in the first thermopile array based on the one or more output signals from the array of temperature sensors, the thermal map related to how each pixel of the first thermopile array is affected by variations in temperature, and', 'compensate the second signal based on the thermal map, and, 'a second control unit including a processor and a second memory, the second control unit electrically connected to the visual camera and the first control unit, the second control unit ...

Method for Temperature Measurements of Surfaces With a Low, Unknown and/or Variable Emissivity

Devices and corresponding methods can be provided to monitor or measure temperature of a target or to control a process. Targets can have low, unknown, or variable emissivity. Devices and corresponding methods can be used to measure temperatures of thin film, partially transparent, or opaque targets, as well as targets not filling a sensor's field of view. Temperature measurements can be made independent of emissivity of a target surface by, for example, inserting a target between a thermopile sensor and a background surface maintained at substantially the same temperature as the thermopile sensor. In embodiment devices and methods, a sensor temperature can be controlled to match a target temperature by minimizing or zeroing a net heat flux at the sensor, as derived from a sensor output signal. Alternatively, a target temperature can be controlled to minimize the heat flux. 1. A device for monitoring a temperature of a target , the device comprising:a radiation sensor configured to detect radiation from a closed background surface filling a field of view of the radiation sensor and from a target intended to be introduced between the background surface and the radiation sensor; anda thermal controller configured to minimize a difference between a temperature of the target and a shared temperature of the radiation sensor and the background surface.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the target is less than about 200° C.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is a thin film target.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is partially transparent.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target is an opaque target.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target has an emissivity that is low claim 1 , unknown claim 1 , or variable.7. The device of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the background surface within the field of view has high reflectivity in an infrared spectrum.8. The device of claim 7 , wherein a low reflectivity portion of the ...

PIR SENSOR AND PHOTOGRAPHING DEVICE

The present invention discloses a PIR sensor, including an infrared probe and a lens located between the infrared probe and a detected area, wherein a baffle is provided between the lens and the detected area, a plurality of through holes evenly provided on the baffle. The through holes of the baffle are arranged in a meshy patterns. According to the PIR sensor disclosed by the present invention, the baffle can block the lens, without affecting the performances of the PIR sensor at all, thereby not only improving the aesthetic degree of the product, but also further improving the concealment property of a photographing device. 1. A PIR sensor , comprising an infrared probe and a lens provided between an infrared sensor and a detected area , wherein a baffle is provided between the lens and the detected area , a plurality of through holes evenly provided on the baffle.2. The PIR sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the through holes are arranged in a meshy patterns.3. The PIR sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the baffle is made of plastic or metal.4. A photographing device using the PIR sensor according to claim 1 , comprising a housing with an opening at one side claim 1 , a PIR sensor provided inside the housing and a camera module claim 1 , wherein the PIR sensor comprises an infrared probe and a lens provided between the infrared probe and the detected area claim 1 , and a baffle which is located at the opening of the housing is provided between the lens and the detected area claim 1 , a plurality of through holes evenly provided on the baffle.5. The photographing device according to claim 4 , wherein the through holes are arranged in a meshy patterns.6. The photographing device according to claim 4 , wherein the baffle is made of plastic or metal.7. The photographing device according to claim 4 , wherein the housing is a housing of an electronic vehicle key.8. The photographing device according to claim 7 , wherein a circuit board is mounted inside a ...

TEMPERATURE SENSING APPARATUS AND TEMPERATURE SENSING SYSTEM USING THE SAME

A temperature sensing apparatus may include a body, a tube combined with the body, and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of an object, in the tube, without being in contact with the object. The body may include an air chamber formed adjacent to a temperature sensing region of the object. 1. A temperature sensing apparatus comprising:a body;anda temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of an object, in a tube, without being in contact with the object,wherein the body includes:an air chamber formed adjacent to a temperature sensing region of the object; anda tube-combining groove formed in the body to be combined with the tube.2. The temperature sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body further comprisesa temperature sensor-combining groove combined with the temperature sensor,wherein the air chamber is connected to the temperature sensor-combining groove and the tube-combining groove.3. The temperature sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the air chamber forms an empty space claim 1 , having a predetermined size based on a size of the tube in the temperature sensing region claim 1 , andwherein the temperature sensor-combining groove, the tube-combining groove and the air chamber are connected with each other to form a hole.4. The temperature sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the tube-combining groove corresponds to a diameter of the tube.5. The temperature sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body further comprises a cable-combining groove formed in the body to be combined with a cable connected to the temperature sensor.6. The temperature sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor may detect infrared energy emitted from the object claim 1 , after combining the tube with the tube-combining groove claim 1 , andwherein the temperature sensor applies the detected infrared energy to a predetermined criteria to obtain a temperature of the object in the tube. ...

Passive detectors for imaging systems

Passive detector structures for imaging systems are provided, which are based on a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) framework. With such framework, a CTE-based passive detector structure includes a detector member that is configured to expand or contract in response to thermal heating resulting from photon exposure. The expanding/contracting CTE detector structure is configured to exert mechanical forces on resistor and/or capacitor circuit elements, which are part of an oscillator circuit, to vary the resistance and capacitance of such circuit elements and change a frequency or period of oscillation of an output signal of the oscillator circuit. The change in the frequency or period of oscillation of the output signal of the oscillator circuit is utilized to determine an amount of photon exposure of the CTE-based detector.

INFRARED SENSOR

The infrared sensor according to the present invention includes an insulating film; a pair of first terminal electrodes; a pair of second terminal electrodes; a first heat sensitive element; a second heat sensitive element; a pair of first pattern wiring parts and a pair of second pattern wiring parts that are patterned on either surface of the insulating film; an infrared-receiving region that is provided on the other surface of the insulating film so as to oppose to the first heat sensitive element; and an infrared reflection film that is formed on the other surface of the insulating film so as to avoid the infrared-receiving region and to cover at least the portion immediately above the second heat sensitive element, wherein the infrared reflection film has a thermal coupling part in proximity to a portion of the first pattern wiring part. 1. An infrared sensor comprising:an insulating film;a pair of first terminal electrodes and a pair of second terminal electrodes that are patterned on either surface of the insulating film;a first heat sensitive element and a second heat sensitive element that are provided on either surface of the insulating film;a pair of first pattern wiring parts that is patterned on either surface of the insulating film with one end thereof being connected to the first heat sensitive element and the other end thereof being connected to the pair of first terminal electrodes;a pair of second pattern wiring parts that is patterned on either surface of the insulating film with one end thereof being connected to the second heat sensitive element and the other end thereof being connected to the pair of second terminal electrodes;an infrared-receiving region that is provided on the other surface of the insulating film so as to oppose to the first heat sensitive element; andan infrared reflection film that is formed on the other surface of the insulating film so as to avoid the infrared-receiving region and to cover at least the portion immediately ...

Reduced dark current photodetector with charge compensated barrier layer

A photodetector comprising a photoabsorber, comprising a doped semiconductor, a contact layer comprising a doped semiconductor and a barrier layer comprising a charge carrier compensated semiconductor, the barrier layer compensated by doping impurities such that it exhibits a valence band energy level substantially equal to the valence band energy level of the photo absorbing layer and a conduction band energy level exhibiting a significant band gap in relation to the conduction band of the photo absorbing layer, the barrier layer disposed between the photoabsorber and contact layers. The relationship between the photo absorbing layer and contact layer valence and conduction band energies and the barrier layer conduction and valance band energies is selected to facilitate minority carrier current flow while inhibiting majority carrier current flow between the contact and photo absorbing layers.

Pressure Vessel with High-Pressure Window

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel (1) having a pressure vessel wall (1a) which completely surrounds a reaction chamber (2) as a pressure space for the initiation and/or promotion of chemical and/or physical pressure reactions of a sample (P) to be heated which is accommodated in the reaction chamber (2), wherein the pressure vessel wall (1a) has an infrared-permeable high-pressure window (30) which extends away outward in a direction from the reaction chamber (2) and which is supported in the pressure vessel wall (1a) with respect to a pressure in the reaction chamber (2), wherein the pressure vessel (1) furthermore has an infrared to temperature sensor (40) which is situated directly opposite the high-pressure window (30), in order to measure the temperature of a sample (P), accommodated in the reaction chamber (2), during a pressure reaction through the high-pressure window (30).

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR REMOTE MEASUREMENT OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for highly accurate remote measurement of sea surface skin temperature. Thermal band 8 to 14 micron images of the surface of the ocean taken by a downward looking infrared camera are processed to determine the optimum segments of the image to utilize. The influence of contaminating reflection of the downwelling flux from the sky and other error sources are removed and from the data and/or otherwise corrected for making sea surface temperature accuracy within several tenths of a degree possible. 1. A method for remote measurement of sea surface temperature comprising the steps of:capturing a multi-pixel image in selected wavebands of a small area of sea surface at a selected incidence angle, each pixel of the image having a fraction of a degree field-of-view width;sorting blackbody thermal values of the pixels, from warmest to coolest;locating coordinates of the warmest pixels relative to position of image capture and nadir angle thereto;determining incidence and reflected angles from a selected warmest pixel; anddetermining downwelling infrared flux in the wavebands and at the incidence angle and utilizing determination of downwelling infrared flux to correct calculation of true sea surface temperature.2. The method of wherein the step of capturing a multi-pixel image includes positioning an infrared camera capable of image capture in the 8 to 14 micron thermal band above a sea surface.3. The method of further comprising:pointing the camera to a desired azimuth and elevation angle to the sea surface responsive to a processor;receiving GPS/GNSS, surface meteorological, point, azimuth and elevation angle data at the processor;receiving pitch roll and location of geometric horizon data at the processor;utilizing a processing algorithm at the processor to extract contaminated pixels; andrepeatedly comparing a time series of calculated true sea surface temperatures to enhance system performance.4. The method of further comprising the ...

NON-CONTACT TEMPERATURE SENSING APPARATUS

Disclosed is a non-contact temperature sensing apparatus. The non-contact temperature sensing apparatus includes a substrate connected to one end portion of a lead frame; the lead frame extended to an upper portion of the substrate; an element for sensing temperature attached to the other end portion of the lead frame; and an element for compensating temperature attached to a lower surface of the substrate, wherein the element for sensing temperature is separated from the substrate, thereby increasing a thermal responsibility. 1. A non-contact temperature sensing apparatus comprising:a substrate having wiring circuits and connected to one end portion of a lead frame;the lead frame extended to an upper portion of the substrate;an element for sensing temperature attached to the other end portion of the lead frame;an element for compensating temperature attached to a lower surface of the substrate; anda case for housing the substrate, the element for sensing temperature, and the element for compensating temperature and accommodating a radiant heat flowed therein,wherein the element for sensing temperature is separated from the substrate, whereby increasing a thermal responsibility.2. The non-contact temperature sensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lead frame is extended to the upper portion of the substrate and bended in parallel with an upper surface of the substrate.3. The non-contact temperature sensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the element for sensing temperature is separated from a surface of the substrate at intervals of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.4. The non-contact temperature sensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the element for sensing temperature and the element for compensating temperature have the same thermo-sensitivity.5. The non-contact temperature sensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the element for sensing temperature is attached to an end portion of the lead frame through a soldering or a resistance ...

ENVIRONMENTAL SENSOR APPARATUS

Disclosed is an environmental sensor apparatus in which a plurality of light shielding plates including an insertion space portion providing an insertion space of the circuit board and a guide portion guiding the insertion of the circuit board to the inner surface of the insertion space portion are stacked, and a circuit board is mounted inside a light shielding portion in which the plurality of light shielding plates are stacked. 1. An environmental sensor apparatus comprising:a light shielding portion in which a plurality of light shielding plates are stacked;a bracket formed below the light shielding portion to fix the light shielding portion; andan environmental sensor portion disposed inside the light shielding portion, anda circuit board which is connected in circuit with the environmental sensor portion,wherein the light shielding plate includes an insertion space portion providing an insertion space of the circuit board and a guide portion guiding the insertion of the circuit board to the inner surface of the insertion space portion,the guide portion guides the circuit board to be inserted in a longitudinal direction of the side of the circuit board, andthe circuit board is mounted inside the light shielding portion.2. The environmental sensor apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the guide portion has a guide groove formed therein to guide insertion of the side surface of the circuit board.3. The environmental sensor apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the light shielding plate further includes a support portion which is spaced apart from the guide portion at a predetermined interval on the inner surface of the insertion space portion to prevent the circuit board from being separated.4. The environmental sensor apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the light shielding plate is used as one of the guide portion and the support portion in response to an assembling angle of the circuit board and a side surface length of the circuit board.5. The environmental sensor apparatus of ...

Medical thermometer having an improved optics system

A medical thermometer including a curved mirror and a radiation sensor is disclosed. The radiation sensor is disposed relative to the mirror in a configuration whereby the mirror reflects away from the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented outside a range of angles relative to the mirror, and reflects toward the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented within a range of angles relative to the mirror.

Systems And Methods For Thermal Processing And Temperature Measurement Of A Workpiece At Low Temperatures

Systems and methods for thermal processing of a workpiece at low temperatures are disclosed. In one example implementation, a thermal processing apparatus includes a processing chamber having a workpiece support. The workpiece support can be configured to support a workpiece. The apparatus can include one or more heat sources configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in a first wavelength range to heat the workpiece to a processing temperature. The processing temperature can be in the range of about 50° C. to 150° C. The apparatus can include one or more sensors configured to obtain a measurement of electromagnetic radiation in a second wavelength range when the workpiece is at the processing temperature. The second wavelength range can be different from the first wavelength range. 1. A thermal processing apparatus , comprising:a processing chamber having a workpiece support, the workpiece support configured to support a workpiece;one or more heat sources configured to emit electromagnetic radiation in a first wavelength range to heat the workpiece to a processing temperature, wherein the processing temperature is from about 50° C. to about 150° C.; andone or more sensors configured to obtain a measurement of electromagnetic radiation in a second wavelength range when the workpiece is at the processing temperature, wherein the second wavelength range is different than the first wavelength range.2. The thermal processing apparatus of claim 1 , comprising one or more processors configured to determine a temperature of the workpiece based at least in part on the measurement of electromagnetic radiation obtained by the one or more sensors.3. The thermal processing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more heat sources emit electromagnetic radiation in a narrow band infrared range.4. The thermal processing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first wavelength range is in a range from about 850 nanometers to about 950 nanometers.5. The thermal processing apparatus ...

SHIELD PLATE AND MEASUREMENT APPARATUS

A shield plate that is used for non-contact measurement of a temperature of a measurement target is provided. The shield plate includes a base of which a temperature is adjustable. The base includes a central shield portion that is formed in the shield plate, an opening that is formed around the central shield portion, and a blackbody surface that is formed on one surface of the base to include a portion opposite to the opening with the central shield portion interposed therebetween and to radiate infrared rays. 1: A shield plate used for non-contact measurement of a temperature of a measurement target , the shield plate comprising a base of which a temperature is adjustable , a shield portion formed in the shield plate;', 'an opening formed around the shield portion; and', 'a blackbody portion formed on one surface of the base to comprise a portion opposite to the opening with the shield portion interposed therebetween and to radiate infrared rays., 'wherein the base comprises2: The shield plate according to claim 1 , wherein the opening is formed around the shield portion to be odd-fold rotationally symmetrical around the shield portion.3: The shield plate according to claim 1 , wherein the opening is formed in an annular shape around the blackbody portion.4: The shield plate according to claim 1 , wherein the opening is formed to decrease in size from the one surface of the base to the other surface of the base.5: A measurement apparatus for performing non-contact measurement of a temperature of a measurement target claim 1 , the measurement apparatus comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the shield plate according to disposed such that one surface of the base is opposite to the measurement target;'}an optical system configured to guide infrared rays passing through the opening of the shield plate;an infrared detector optically coupled to the optical system, configured to detect the guided infrared rays, and output a detection signal;a ...

THERMAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS FOR UNCOOLED MICROBOLOMETERS

Methods and apparatus for preventing solar damage, and other heat-related damage, to uncooled microbolometer pixels. In certain examples, a thermochroic membrane that becomes highly reflective at temperatures above a certain threshold is applied over at least some of the microbolometer pixels to prevent the pixels from being damaged by excessive heat. 1. An uncooled microbolometer comprising:a base substrate;a plurality of pixels arranged in an array on the base substrate;a cap layer coupled to and disposed over the base substrate, the cap layer being configured to provide a cavity between the base substrate and the cap layer, the plurality of pixels being disposed within the cavity; anda thermally sensitive protective membrane disposed on the cap layer over a sub-array of at least some of the plurality of pixels, the thermally sensitive protective membrane including a thermochroic switch material configured to transition from a transmissive state into a reflective state in response to a temperature of thermochroic material reaching a predetermined threshold, the thermochroic material being transmissive to infrared radiation in the transmissive state and reflective to the infrared radiation in the reflective state.2. The uncooled microbolometer of wherein the thermochroic switch material is vanadium oxide.3. The uncooled microbolometer of wherein a phase of the vanadium oxide is VOthat undergoes a metal-insulator phase change at a temperature of approximately 67 degrees Celsius.4. The uncooled microbolometer of further comprising a cover layer disposed over the thermally sensitive protective membrane.5. The uncooled microbolometer of wherein the cap layer and the cover layer are made of silicon nitride.6. The uncooled microbolometer of wherein the thermally sensitive protective membrane is a continuous film disposed over all the plurality of pixels.7. The uncooled microbolometer of wherein the sub-array of at least some of the plurality of pixels includes a 5×5 sub- ...

PYROMETER BACKGROUND ELIMINATION

Embodiments disclosed herein provide an RTP system for processing a substrate. An RTP chamber has a radiation source configured to deliver radiation to a substrate disposed within a processing volume. One or more pyrometers are coupled to the chamber body opposite the radiation source. In one example, the radiation source is disposed below the substrate and the pyrometers are disposed above the substrate. In another example, the radiation source is disposed above the substrate and the pyrometers are disposed below the substrate. The substrate may be supported in varying manners configured to reduce physical contact between the substrate support and the substrate. An edge ring and shield are disposed within the processing volume and are configured to reduce or eliminate background radiation from interfering with the pyrometers. Additionally, an absorbing surface may be coupled to the chamber body to further reduce background radiation interference. 1. An apparatus for reducing background radiation , comprising:a chamber body defining a processing volume;a radiation source coupled to the chamber body;one or more pyrometers coupled to the chamber body opposite the radiation source;a support ring disposed within the processing volume;an edge ring disposed on the support ring; anda radiation shield disposed above the edge ring, wherein an inner diameter of the radiation shield extends radially inward over a substrate support member of the edge ring.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:an absorptive coating disposed on the chamber body adjacent a region where the pyrometers are coupled to the chamber body.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a quartz window separates the processing volume from the radiation source.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the radiation source is coupled to the chamber body above the quartz window.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the edge ring and the radiation shield comprise a ceramic material.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , ...

INFRARED CAMERA

An infrared camera includes a lens unit including a lens and a lens barrel, a heater that is provided at the lens unit and heats the lens, an infrared image sensor that captures an image using infrared light focused by the lens, a chassis that is fixed to an external surface side of the lens barrel while being thermally insulated from the lens unit and contains the infrared image sensor, and a light-blocking member that is located between the lens barrel and the infrared image sensor inside the chassis as viewed in a direction of an optical axis of the lens and blocks infrared light radiated toward the infrared image sensor and coming without passing through the lens, thus reducing the influence of infrared light coming without passing through the lens on capturing of an image. 1. An infrared camera comprising:a lens unit including a lens that focuses infrared light and a lens barrel that holds the lens;a heater that is provided at the lens unit and heats the lens;an infrared image sensor that captures an image using infrared light focused by the lens;a chassis that is fixed to an external surface side of the lens barrel while being thermally insulated from the lens unit and contains the infrared image sensor; anda light-blocking member that is located between the lens barrel and the infrared image sensor inside the chassis as viewed in a direction of an optical axis of the lens and blocks infrared light radiated toward the infrared image sensor and coming without passing through the lens.2. The infrared camera according to claim 1 , wherein the light-blocking member blocks infrared light radiated from the lens barrel and the chassis.3. The infrared camera according to claim 1 , wherein the chassis is made from a heat-insulating member.4. The infrared camera according to claim 1 , wherein the chassis is made from a heat-conducting member claim 1 , and is mounted at the external surface side of the lens barrel via a heat-insulating member.5. The infrared camera ...

MEDICAL THERMOMETER HAVING AN IMPROVED OPTICS SYSTEM

A medical thermometer including a curved mirror and a radiation sensor is disclosed. The radiation sensor is disposed relative to the mirror in a configuration whereby the mirror reflects away from the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented outside a range of angles relative to the mirror, and reflects toward the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented within a range of angles relative to the mirror. 1. A medical thermometer , comprising:a housing having a radiation entrance;a mirror disposed in the housing, a reflective surface of the mirror having a parabolic shape defining a vertex, a baseline tangent to the parabolic shape at the vertex, an axis of symmetry perpendicular to both the baseline and to the radiation entrance, and a focal point; anda radiation sensor having a detection surface, the radiation sensor disposed in the housing at the focal point such that a normal to the detection surface is angled from 25° to 35° with respect to the baseline of the reflective surface,wherein, the radiation entrance, the mirror and the radiation sensor are configured for the detection surface to receive radiation passing through the radiation entrance from 5° to −5° of a line parallel to the axis of symmetry, and for the mirror to reflect away from the detection surface radiation passing through the radiation entrance not within 6° and −6° of a line parallel to the axis of symmetry.2. The medical thermometer of wherein the parabolic shape is defined by the equation y=ax+bx+c claim 1 , where a is not equal to 0.3. The medical thermometer of wherein a is from 0.01 to 2.0.4. The medical thermometer of wherein b is from −2.0 to 2.0.5. The medical thermometer of wherein the detection surface has a center point thereon and the center point is disposed approximately at the focal point.6. The medical thermometer of wherein a is from 0.07 to 0.09.7. The medical thermometer of wherein b is from −0.02 ...

INFRARED TEMPERATURE SENSOR

An infrared temperature sensor includes a sensor case, a heat conversion film configured to absorb infrared rays and to convert the infrared rays into heat, a sensor cover that is disposed to face the sensor case through the heat conversion film, and an infrared detection element and a temperature compensation element that are disposed on the heat conversion film. The sensor case includes a case base portion that includes a front surface and a rear surface, a light guiding region that is provided to penetrate through the front surface and the rear surface of the case base portion, and a light shielded region that is provided inside a light shielding dome erected from the front surface side of the case base portion. 1. An infrared temperature sensor that detects temperature of a detection object in a non-contact manner , the infrared temperature sensor comprising:a sensor case including a light guiding region that guides infrared rays entering from an entrance window, and a light shielded region that is adjacent to the light guiding region and is closed from surroundings;a film that is disposed to face the light guiding region and the light shielded region and is configured to absorb the infrared rays reaching through the light guiding region and to convert the infrared rays into heat;a sensor cover that is disposed to face the sensor case through the film;an infrared detection element that is disposed at a part of the film corresponding to the light guiding region; anda temperature compensation element that is disposed at a part of the film corresponding to the light shielded region, whereinthe sensor case includes a case base portion that includes a front surface and a rear surface, the light guiding region that is provided to penetrate through the front surface and the rear surface of the case base portion, and the light shielded region that is provided inside a light shielding dome erected from the front surface of the case base portion, andthe sensor cover ...

Device and Method For Process Control For Surfaces With A Low, Unknown, And/Or Variable Emissivity

Devices and corresponding methods can be provided to monitor or measure temperature of a target or to control a process. Targets can have low, unknown, or variable emissivity. Devices and corresponding methods can be used to measure temperatures of thin film, partially transparent, or opaque targets, as well as targets not filling a sensor's field of view. Temperature measurements can be made independent of emissivity of a target surface by, for example, inserting a target between a thermopile sensor and a background surface maintained at substantially the same temperature as the thermopile sensor. In embodiment devices and methods, a sensor temperature can be controlled to match a target temperature by minimizing or zeroing a net heat flux at the sensor, as derived from a sensor output signal. Alternatively, a target temperature can be controlled to minimize the heat flux. 1. A device for process control , the device comprising:a radiation sensor configured to be set to a control temperature; anda web target configured to be viewed by the radiation sensor as the web target passes the radiation sensor and to be thermally controlled to minimize a net heat flux at the radiation sensor.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the control temperature is less than about 200° C.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the web target is a thin film target.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the web target is partially transparent.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the target has an emissivity that is low claim 1 , unknown claim 1 , or variable.6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a background surface filling a field of view of the radiation sensor in a background behind the target claim 1 , and wherein at least a portion of the background surface within the field of view has high reflectivity in an infrared spectrum.7. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a background surface filling a field of view of the radiation sensor in a background behind the target claim 1 , and ...

Low-drift infrared detector

A semiconductor device for measuring IR radiation comprising: at least one sensor pixel; at least one reference pixel shielded from said IR radiation comprising a heater; a controller adapted for: measuring a responsivity by applying power to the heater, while not heating the sensor pixel; measuring a first output signal of an unheated pixel and a first reference output signal of the heated pixel, obtaining the responsivity as a function of a measure of the applied power to the heater and of the difference between the first output signal and the first reference output signal; applying a period of cooling down until the temperature of the reference pixel and the sensor pixel are substantially the same; generating the output signal indicative of the IR radiation, based on the difference between the sensor and the reference output signal, by converting this difference using the responsivity.

Method for Determining a Temperature without Contact, and Infrared Measuring System

A method for contactlessly establishing a temperature of a surface includes determining the temperature measurement values of the plurality of blind pixels and determining temperature measurement values of the plurality of measurement pixels. The method further includes determining a temperature measurement value and a temperature measurement values by subtracting the temperature measurement value of the first blind pixel of the plurality of blind pixels from a temperature measurement value of a second blind pixel of the plurality of blind. The method further includes correcting the temperature measurement values by pixel-associated temperature drift components in each case, wherein the temperature drift components are determined using the temperature measurement value and/or the temperature measurement value. 1. A method for contactlessly establishing a temperature of a surface with an infrared measurement system comprising:an infrared detector array with a detector array substrate;at least one reference pixel, which is connected to the detector array substrate with a first thermal conductivity and which provides a reference signal for establishing temperature measurement values;a plurality of measurement pixels, which are each connected to the detector array substrate with a second thermal conductivity, wherein the measurement pixels are sensitive to infrared radiation and each provide a measurement signal, wherein a temperature measurement value, which is dependent on an intensity of the incident infrared radiation, is established in each case from the difference between the measurement signal and the reference signal;a plurality of blind pixels, which are each connected to the detector array substrate with a third thermal conductivity and which each provide a measurement signal, wherein a temperature measurement value is established in each case from the difference between the measurement signal and the reference signal;the method comprising:determining the ...

Controlled-emissivity face heated by non-resistive heat source

In an example, an apparatus is described that includes a non-resistive heat source, a thermally conductive face, and a temperature detector. The thermally conductive face has a controlled long-wave infrared emissivity and is in thermal contact with the non-resistive heat source. The temperature detector is positioned to detect a temperature of the thermally conductive face.

INFRARED SENSOR AND METHOD FOR COOLING BOLOMETER INFRARED RAY RECEIVER OF INFRARED SENSOR

An infrared sensor comprises a base substrate including a recess, a bolometer infrared ray receiver, and a Peltier device. The bolometer infrared ray receiver comprises a resistance variable layer, a bolometer first beam, and a bolometer second beam. The Peltier device comprises a Peltier first beam formed of a p-type semiconductor material and a Peltier second beam formed of an n-type semiconductor material. The Peltier device is in contact with a back surface of the bolometer infrared ray receiver. One end of each of the bolometer first beam, the bolometer second beam, the Peltier first beam, and the Peltier second beam is connected to the base substrate. The bolometer infrared ray receiver and the Peltier device are suspended above the base substrate. Each of the bolometer first beam, the bolometer second beam, the Peltier first beam, and the Peltier second beam has a phononic crystal structure including a plurality of through holes arranged regularly. 1. An infrared sensor comprising:a base substrate including a recess;a bolometer infrared ray receiver; anda Peltier device, wherein a resistance variable layer in which resistance varies upon absorption of an infrared ray,', 'a bolometer first beam electrically connected to the resistance variable layer, and', 'a bolometer second beam electrically connected to the resistance variable layer,, 'the bolometer infrared ray receiver comprises'}the Peltier device is interposed between the bolometer infrared ray receiver and the recess,a front surface of the bolometer infrared ray receiver is irradiated with the infrared ray,the Peltier device comprises a Peltier first beam formed of a p-type semiconductor material, and a Peltier second beam formed of an n-type semiconductor material,the Peltier device is in contact with a back surface of the bolometer infrared ray receiver,one end of the bolometer first beam, one end of the bolometer second beam, one end of the Peltier first beam, and one end of the Peltier second beam ...

OPTICALLY TRANSPARENT ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELD ASSEMBLY

An optically transparent electromagnetic shield assembly comprising an electrical connection device with variable electrical resistance. The electrical connection device electrically connects a conductive two-dimensional structure, which covers a transparent substrate, to a shell portion which is electrically conductive. The resistance of the connection device can be adjusted, either initially for a detection system for which the shield assembly is intended or in real time while the shield assembly is in use, according to an RF radiation intensity. 1. An optically transparent electromagnetic shielding assembly , comprising:a rigid substrate having two opposing faces, said substrate being at least partially transparent between said two faces to at least one electromagnetic radiation which has a frequency comprised between 0.1 GHz and 40 GHz, and that is also at least partially transparent between said two faces to an optical radiation which has a wavelength comprised between 0.1 μm and 15 μm;at least one electrically conductive two-dimensional structure, which is disposed on at least one of the faces of the substrate and which is at least partially transparent to the optical radiation; andan electrical connection device, which electrically connects at least one first terminal to at least one second terminal, each first terminal being electrically connected to the conductive two-dimensional structure, and each second terminal being intended to be electrically connected to at least a part of an electrically conductive shell,wherein the electrical connection device is adapted to produce a variable value for an electrical resistance which is effective between each first terminal and each second terminal, the electrical resistance value being either adjustable by an operator, or automatically variable as a function of a level of intensity of the microwave radiation so that the electrical resistance has a first value for a first level of intensity of the microwave ...

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR WITH AN ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING INCLUDING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL

The invention relates to a heat pattern sensor including a matrix of pyroelectric capacitances. The sensor further includes an electromagnetic shielding stage, electrically conducting, situated between a stage including a pyroelectric material and a contact surface of the sensor. The electromagnetic shielding stage includes a shielding layer which comprises nanowires and/or nanotubes lying in a surrounding medium. The nanowires and/or nanotubes have a thermal conductivity greater than that of the surrounding medium. A ratio between a distribution pitch of the pixels of the matrix of pixels and a thickness of the shielding layer is greater than or equal to 20. The invention makes it possible to obtain at the same time rapid heat transfers through the electromagnetic shielding stage and low lateral heat transfers, from one pixel to the other of the sensor. 2. The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the material of the nanowires and/or nanotubes has a thermal conductivity at least ten times greater than that of said surrounding medium.3. Heat The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the shielding layer is constituted of a composite material claim 1 , the composite material comprising said nanowires and/or nanotubes integrated in a binder which forms said surrounding medium.4. Heat The heat pattern sensor according to claim 3 , wherein the composite material comprises between 20% and 40% by weight of nanowires and/or nanotubes.5. Heat The heat pattern sensor according to claim 3 , wherein the binder is an electrically insulating polymer matrix claim 3 , and wherein the nanowires and/or nanotubes together form a percolated network.6. The heat pattern sensor according to claim 3 , wherein the binder is an electrically conducting polymer matrix claim 3 , and wherein the nanowires and/or nanotubes together form a non-percolated network.7. The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the nanowires and/or nanotubes each have a length ...

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR WITH IMPROVED ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING

The invention relates to a heat pattern sensor comprising a matrix of pyroelectric capacitances. The heat pattern sensor further comprises an electromagnetic shielding stage, electrically conducting, situated between a stage including a pyroelectric material and a protective layer of the matrix of pixels. The electromagnetic shielding stage includes an insulating layer, and a plurality of pads distributed in the insulating layer, the pads having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the insulating layer. The invention makes it possible to obtain at one and the same time rapid heat transfers through the electromagnetic shielding stage, and low lateral heat transfers, from one pixel to the other of the sensor. 2: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each pixel of the matrix of pixels comprises a portion of the electromagnetic shielding stage claim 1 , said portion receiving a single pad.3: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the pads of the electromagnetic shielding stage have a thermal conductivity at least ten times greater than that of the insulating layer.4: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the pads include metal or graphene claim 1 , and the insulating layer includes at least one electrically conducting polymer.5: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 4 , wherein the pads include silver claim 4 , and the insulating layer includes a mixture of poly(3 claim 4 ,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) claim 4 , designated PEDOT: PSS.6: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the pads each sink in over more than half the thickness of the insulating layer.7: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 6 , wherein the pads each sink in over the whole thickness of the insulating layer.8: The heat pattern sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the pads each have a diameter comprised between 10 μm and 120 μm claim 1 , the diameter of a pad being the greatest length ...

INFRARED SENSOR AND METHOD FOR COOLING BOLOMETER INFRARED RAY RECEIVER OF INFRARED SENSOR

An infrared sensor comprises a base substrate including a recess, a bolometer infrared ray receiver, and a Peltier device. The bolometer infrared ray receiver comprises a resistance variable layer, a bolometer first beam, and a bolometer second beam. The Peltier device comprises a Peltier first beam formed of a p-type semiconductor material and a Peltier second beam formed of an n-type semiconductor material. The Peltier device is in contact with a back surface of the bolometer infrared ray receiver. One end of each of the bolometer first beam, the bolometer second beam, the Peltier first beam, and the Peltier second beam is connected to the base substrate. The bolometer infrared ray receiver and the Peltier device are suspended above the base substrate. Each of the bolometer first beam, the bolometer second beam, the Peltier first beam, and the Peltier second beam has a phononic crystal structure including a plurality of through holes arranged regularly. 1. An infrared sensor comprising:a base substrate including a recess;a thermopile infrared ray receiver; anda Peltier device, wherein an infrared ray absorption layer,', 'a thermopile first beam thermally connected to the infrared ray absorption layer and formed of a first p-type semiconductor material, and', 'a thermopile second beam thermally connected to the infrared ray absorption layer and formed of first n-type semiconductor material,, 'the thermopile infrared ray receiver comprises'}the Peltier device is interposed between the thermopile infrared ray receiver and the recess,a front surface of the bolometer infrared ray receiver is irradiated with the infrared ray,the Peltier device comprises a Peltier first beam formed of a second p-type semiconductor material and a Peltier second beam formed of a second n-type semiconductor material,the Peltier device is in contact with a back surface of the thermopile infrared ray receiver,one end of the thermopile first beam, one end of the thermopile second beam, one end ...

SENSOR

A sensor includes a body having an internal space allowing fluid to flow into the internal space, a light-emitting device that emits light passing through; first and second light-receiving devices that receive the light that has passed through the internal space, a first optical filter disposed between the first light-receiving device and the light-emitting device and configured to pass the light therethrough, a second optical filter disposed between the second light-receiving device and the light-emitting device and configured to pass the light therethrough, and a controller. The controller is configured to change the light emitted from the light-emitting device, and to compare a ratio between first and second outputs before the change of the light to a ratio between the first and second outputs after the change of the light. 1. A sensor comprising:a body having an internal space allowing fluid to flow into the internal space;a light-emitting device configured to emit light passing through the internal space;a first light-receiving device configured to receive the light that has passed through the internal space so as to provide a first output in accordance with an intensity of the received light;a second light-receiving device configured to receive the light that has passed through the internal space so as to provide a second output in accordance with an intensity of the received light;a first optical filter disposed between the first light-receiving device and the light-emitting device, the first optical filter allowing the light to pass through the first optical filter;a second optical filter disposed between the second light-receiving device and the light-emitting device, the second optical filter allowing the light to pass through the second optical filter; anda controller connected to the light-emitting device, the first light-receiving device, and the second light-receiving device, change the light emitted from the light-emitting device; and', 'compare a ...

TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT ARRANGEMENT

Disclosed is a system for dielectrically processing a product in a radio frequency (RF) cavity. The system may include a cavity; an RF feeding module that includes a plurality of radiating elements configured to feed RF radiation into the cavity, and a plurality of dummy loads for receiving RF energy coupled from the cavity into the radiating elements; and the system includes a processor configured to (a) estimate an effect operating the system at each of a plurality of sets of operating parameters will have on the temperature of each of the dummy loads; (b) choosing among the plurality of sets of operating parameters at least one set based on the estimation; and (c) controlling the system to operate at the chosen at least one set of operating parameters. 14-. (canceled)5. A system for processing objects by radio frequency (RF) energy in a cavity , the system comprising:a cavity;an RF feeding module that comprises: a plurality of radiating elements configured to feed RF radiation into the cavity, and a plurality of dummy loads for receiving RF energy coupled from the cavity into the radiating elements; and estimate an effect operating the system at each of a plurality of sets of operating parameters will have on the temperature of each of the dummy loads;', 'choosing among the plurality of sets of operating parameters at least one set based on the estimation; and', 'controlling the system to operate at the chosen at least one set of operating parameters., 'a processor configured to6. A system according to claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to estimate the effect by estimating amounts of power that each will be returned from the cavity through one of the radiating elements.7. A system according to claim 5 , wherein the processor is configured to estimate field distributions claim 5 , each of which will be excited in the cavity by operating the system at a corresponding one of the plurality of sets of operating parameters claim 5 , and choose the at least ...

PASSIVE INFRARED REDUCTION DEVICE

A line of sight blocker including a cover defining a duct bounded by the cover and a heated surface when the cover is fastened over the heated surface. The cover blocks transmission of infrared radiation emitted from the heated surface; the cover comprises a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the heated surface; and the duct comprises a vent and a path for latent heat from the heated surface to escape through the vent. 1. A line of sight blocker , comprising:a cover defining a duct bounded by the cover and a heated surface when the cover is fastened over the heated surface, wherein:the cover blocks transmission of infrared radiation emitted from the heated surface;the cover comprises a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the heated surface; andthe duct comprises a vent and a path for heat from the heated surface to escape through the vent.2. The blocker of claim 1 , wherein the duct comprises air forming an insulation layer.3. The blocker of claim 1 , further comprising:a part extending outward from a first sidewall, wherein:the cover comprises the first sidewall and a second sidewall; andthe part has a length defining a width of the duct, the width comprising a spacing between the first sidewall and the heated surface when the sidewall is facing the heated surface and the part is physically connected to the heated surface.4. The blocker of claim 3 , wherein the duct has the width (W) wherein ⅜ inch≤W≤1 inch.5. The blocker of claim 3 , wherein the duct has the width allowing a flow of air into the duct through natural convection.6. The blocker of claim 3 , wherein the cover includes the part comprising a top wall claim 3 , a flange claim 3 , a lip claim 3 , a rim claim 3 , or an arm.7. The blocker of claim 6 , wherein the top wall includes a plurality of holes allowing flow of air out of the duct.8. The blocker of claim 1 , wherein the cover is conformal with the heated surface.9. The blocker of claim 1 , wherein the cover has a first ...

TEMPERATURE SENSOR FOR A HIGH SPEED ROTATING MACHINE

Infra-red sensors are often used in turbo molecular pumps to detect the temperature of the rotor or other mechanical parts and therefore indicate imminent, or potential, running failures. 1. A method of measuring the initial emissivity , E , of a surface and comparing it with an expected emissivity , E , using an infrared temperature sensor system , the system comprising an infrared temperature sensor directed at the surface to be measured and a heater , located proximate to the infrared sensor , for heating the sensor , the method comprising the steps of:i. raising the temperature of the heater to heat the infrared sensor without significantly heating the surface;{'sub': 'G', 'ii. measuring the voltage generated, V, by heating the infrared sensor;'}{'sub': 'E', 'iii. comparing the voltage generated by the infrared sensor with an expected voltage, V; and'}{'sub': I', 'I', 'E', 'G', 'E, 'iv. calculating the initial emissivity of the surface, E, according to the equation E=E(V/V).'}2. A method of testing the operational status of an infrared sensor system , the system comprising an infrared sensor; and a heater , located proximate to the infrared sensor , for heating the infrared sensor; said method comprising the steps of:i. directing the infrared sensor at a surface of an object external to the infrared sensor, the surface having an emissivity E;ii. raising the temperature of the heater to heat the infrared sensor without significantly heating the object surface;{'sub': 'G', 'iii. measuring the voltage generated, V, by heating the infrared sensor; and'}{'sub': 'E', 'iv. comparing the voltage generated by the infrared sensor with an expected voltage, V.'}3. The method of testing the operational status of an infrared sensor system according to ; wherein said method comprises the additional step of:{'sub': G', 'E, 'v. if Vdoes not substantially equal Vdetermining that the infrared system is not at ideal operational status.'}4. The method of testing the operational ...

OPTICAL DETECTOR BASED ON AN ANTIREFLECTIVE STRUCTURED DIELECTRIC SURFACE AND A METAL ABSORBER

The present invention provides an optical detector device, including: a metal absorber layer; and a dielectric cover layer coupled to the metal absorber layer, wherein the dielectric cover layer includes one or more antireflective structured surfaces. The optical detector device further includes one or more of a passive substrate layer and an active thermoelectric element layer coupled to the metal absorber layer opposite the dielectric cover layer. The one or more antireflective structured surfaces each utilize a random pattern. 1. An optical detector device , comprising:a metal absorber layer; anda dielectric cover layer coupled to the metal absorber layer, wherein the dielectric cover layer comprises one or more antireflective structured surfaces.2. The optical detector device of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of a passive substrate layer and an active thermoelectric element layer coupled to the metal absorber layer opposite the dielectric cover layer.3. The optical detector device of claim 1 , further comprising a dielectric insulator layer disposed adjacent to the metal absorber layer opposite the dielectric cover layer.4. The optical detector device of claim 1 , further comprising a metal reflector layer disposed adjacent to the metal absorber layer opposite the dielectric cover layer.5. The optical detector device of claim 1 , wherein the metal absorber layer comprises one or more of Nickel (Ni) claim 1 , Chrome (Cr) claim 1 , Silver (Ag) claim 1 , and Gold (Au).6. The optical detector device of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric cover layer comprises one or more of Fused Silica (FS) claim 1 , BK7 claim 1 , SF11 claim 1 , Crown optical glass claim 1 , Flint optical glass claim 1 , and Borosilicate glass.7. The optical detector device of claim 2 , wherein the passive substrate layer comprises one or more of Fused Silica (FS) claim 2 , BK7 claim 2 , SF11 claim 2 , Crown optical glass claim 2 , Flint optical glass claim 2 , and Borosilicate glass.8. The ...

Infrared temperature sensor

To provide an infrared temperature sensor that is corrected in detected temperature while ensuring high responsiveness. An infrared temperature sensor 10 according to the present invention includes a heat conversion film 40 , an infrared detection element 43 held by the heat conversion film 40 , a temperature compensation element 45 that is provided adjacently to the infrared detection element 43 and is held by the heat conversion film 40 , a light guide part 59 that guides entered infrared rays toward the infrared detection element 43 , and a blocking part 27 that blocks the infrared rays from being incident on the temperature compensation element 45 , in which an inner surface of the light guide part 59 configures an irradiation surface 57 to be irradiated with the infrared rays, and the irradiation surface 57 includes a correction region 58 that is different in emissivity of the infrared rays from surroundings.

Temperature measurement arrangement

Method of processing objects by radio frequency (RF) energy. The method includes feeding, with a plurality of radiating elements, RF radiation into a cavity to process the objects in the cavity, receiving, with a plurality of dummy loads located outside of the cavity, RE energy coupled from the cavity into the radiating elements, and estimating an effect that operating at each of a plurality of sets of operating parameters will have on the temperature of each of the dummy loads. The method also includes, while maintaining the temperature of the dummy loads within a safe temperature range, choosing among the plurality of sets of operating parameters, at least one set based on the estimating and operating at the chosen at least one set of operating parameters.

Method, device, and system for temperature calibration and determination of a temperature in a scene

A method for temperature calibration and determination of a temperature in a scene. At each time point out of a plurality of time points in a first period of time, collecting an ambient temperature representing a temperature at a first part of the scene and collecting thermal image sensor signal values corresponding to the collected ambient temperatures and relating to the first part. Determine a calibration function based on the collected ambient temperatures and the thermal image sensor signal values corresponding to each of the collected ambient temperatures. In a second period of time, capturing a thermal image of the scene comprising thermal image sensor signal values relating to a second part of the scene and determine a temperature at the second part of the scene based on the calibration function and based on thermal image sensor signal values comprised in the thermal image.

COMPENSATED OPTICAL DETECTION APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

In some embodiments, apparatus and systems, as well as methods, may operate to receive radiation at an active detector of a pair of radiation detectors to provide a first signal proportional to an intensity of the radiation, to receive none of the radiation at a blind detector of the pair of radiation detectors to provide a second signal proportional to the reception of no radiation, and to combine the first signal and the second signal to provide an output signal representing the difference between the first signal and the second signal. The pair of radiation detectors may comprise thermopile detectors. Combination may occur via differential amplification. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. 1. (canceled)2. An apparatus comprising:an array of detectors arranged as active sensors and blind sensors such that alternating active and blind sensors are disposed along a length of the array, a blind sensor being a detector prevented from receiving radiation from a source from which radiation is received by an active sensor of the array;an amplifier arranged to receive a signal from a selected blind sensor and a signal from a selected active sensor, and to transform the received signals into an output signal representing a difference between a signal proportional to radiation received by the selected blind sensor and a signal proportional to radiation received by the selected active sensor.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the array of detectors is structured with periodically-blind detectors that alternate between active and blind operation arranged such that when a detector of the array is in active operation claim 2 , detectors directly adjacent along the length of the array are arranged for blind operation and when the detector is in blind operation claim 2 , the detectors directly adjacent along the length of the array are in active operation.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the detectors include one or more thermal detectors or ...

Method For Temperature Measurements Of Surfaces With A Low, Unknown And/Or Variable Emissivity

Devices and corresponding methods can be provided to monitor or measure temperature of a target or to control a process. Targets can have low, unknown, or variable emissivity. Devices and corresponding methods can be used to measure temperatures of thin film, partially transparent, or opaque targets, as well as targets not filling a sensor's field of view. Temperature measurements can be made independent of emissivity of a target surface by, for example, inserting a target between a thermopile sensor and a background surface maintained at substantially the same temperature as the thermopile sensor. In embodiment devices and methods, a sensor temperature can be controlled to match a target temperature by minimizing or zeroing a net heat flux at the sensor, as derived from a sensor output signal. Alternatively, a target temperature can be controlled to minimize the heat flux. 1. A method of monitoring a temperature of a target , the method comprising:viewing a target with a radiation sensor, the target being situated between the radiation sensor and a closed background surface filling a field of view of the radiation sensor, the background surface and the radiation sensor being maintained at substantially the same temperature; andadjusting a relative temperature between the radiation sensor and the target to minimize a net heat flux at the radiation sensor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substantially the same temperature is less than about 200° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein viewing the target comprises viewing a thin film target.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein viewing the target comprises viewing a partially transparent target.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein viewing the target comprises viewing an opaque target.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising employing a high-reflectivity portion of the background surface within the field of view to increase thermal radiation at the radiation sensor.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising ...

AIRBORNE INSPECTION SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Flight based infrared imaging systems and related techniques, and in particular UAS based thermal imaging systems, are provided to improve the monitoring capabilities of such systems over conventional infrared monitoring systems. An infrared imaging system is configured to compensate for various environmental effects (e.g., position and/or strength of the sun, atmospheric effects) to provide high resolution and accuracy radiometric measurements of targets imaged by the infrared imaging system. An infrared imaging system is alternatively configured to monitor regulatory limitations on operation of the infrared imaging system and adjust and/or disable operation of the infrared imaging systems accordingly. 1. A system comprising:an infrared camera configured to capture infrared images of a target from a flight platform;an irradiance detector configured to detect a background radiance associated with the target from the flight platform; and receive the infrared images captured by the infrared camera and the background radiance from the irradiance detector, and', 'determine a radiance adjustment associated with the target that is based, at least in part, on the background radiance, wherein the radiance adjustment is configured to compensate for a reflected background radiance reflected by the target towards the infrared detector., 'a logic device, wherein the logic device is configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the logic device is configured to:apply the radiance adjustment associated with the target to the infrared images to compensate for the reflected background radiance reflected by the target towards the infrared detector.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the logic device is configured to receive an air temperature associated with the target from an air temperature sensor and/or a relative humidity associated with the target from a relative humidity sensor; andthe determining the radiance adjustment comprises determining the radiance adjustment ...

UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM BASED THERMAL IMAGING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Flight based infrared imaging systems and related techniques, and in particular UAS based thermal imaging systems, are provided to improve the monitoring capabilities of such systems over conventional infrared monitoring systems. An infrared imaging system is configured to compensate for various environmental effects (e.g., position and/or strength of the sun, atmospheric effects) to provide high resolution and accuracy radiometric measurements of targets imaged by the infrared imaging system. An infrared imaging system is alternatively configured to monitor and determine environmental conditions, modify data received from infrared imaging systems and other systems, modify flight paths and other commands, and/or create a representation of the environment. 1. A system comprising:a flight platform;an infrared imager coupled to the flight platform and configured to capture infrared images of a scene in view of the flight platform and output infrared data associated with the infrared images and/or the scene;an environmental sensor configured to measure environmental data associated with the flight platform, the infrared imager, and/or the scene; and receive the infrared data from the infrared imager, wherein the infrared data is configured to measure an aspect of at least a portion of the scene,', 'receive the environmental data from the environmental sensor, and', 'determine corrected infrared data based, at least in part, on the infrared data and the environmental data., 'a logic device configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the environmental sensor comprises at least one of a barometric pressure sensor claim 1 , a visible irradiance data sensor claim 1 , a temperature sensor claim 1 , a humidity sensor claim 1 , a thermopile claim 1 , a nephelometer claim 1 , an ozone sensor claim 1 , a carbon monoxide sensor claim 1 , a carbon dioxide sensor claim 1 , a wind strength sensor claim 1 , a wind speed sensor claim 1 , a wind direction sensor claim 1 , a visible ...

Ear thermometer

An ear thermometer includes a probe including an infrared sensor unit for measuring a temperature of an eardrum of an ear of a temperature measurement target parson in a non-contact manner, the probe attached to an ear hole of the temperature measurement target parson. The probe includes a probe body inserted into the ear hole of the temperature measurement target parson, a housing for supporting the probe body; and an in-ear type earpiece attached to the probe body and abutting on an inside of the ear hole of the temperature measurement target person. The infrared sensor unit includes a first sensor and a second sensor arranged in the probe body and spaced apart by a predetermined distance along a direction substantially orthogonal to the eardrum when the probe body is inserted into the ear hole of the temperature measurement target person.

PHOTONIC- AND PHONONIC-STRUCTURED PIXEL FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION AND DETECTION

A thermal pixel configured as an electromagnetic emitter and/or an electromagnetic detector. The thermal pixel comprises a micro-platform suspended with semiconductor nanowires from a surrounding support platform. The nanowires comprise phononic structure providing a decrease in thermal conductivity. In some embodiments, the pixel is structured for operation within a broad bandwidth or a limited bandwidth. Metamaterial and/or photonic crystal filters provide pixel operation over a limited bandwidth. In some other embodiments, the micro-platform comprises a nanotube structure providing a broadband emission/absorption spectral response. 1. An electromagnetic thermal pixel (ETP) including photonic structure and phononic structure , the ETP comprising:a substrate having a substantially planar surface;a cavity formed from the substrate;a thermal micro-platform disposed within the cavity and suspended from the substrate by a plurality of nanowires; wherein,the phononic structure comprises:(i) a first layer of semiconductor disposed within at least one of the nanowires of the plurality, the first layer providing electrical conductivity;(ii) a phononic scattering structure and/or phononic resonant structure providing a reduction in thermal conductivity;the photonic structure comprises:(i) photonic nonresonant structure and/or photonic resonant structure providing emissivity and/or absorptivity of electromagnetic radiation within a range of one or more of visible, NIR, MWIR, LWIR, and millimeter wavelengths, andwherein the ETP further comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a resistive heater, an infrared radiation source, a Peltier cooler, and a self-cooling micro-refrigerator.2. The ETP of wherein the ETP is disposed in an array of ETPs.3. The ETP of wherein the phononic scattering structure comprises scattering sites separated by distances less than a mean-free-path of heat-conducting phonons.4. The ETP of comprising porous silicon.5. The ETP of wherein the ...

AEROSOL-GENERATING DEVICE AND SYSTEM COMPRISING A PYROMETER

The present invention relates to an aerosol-generating device that is configured for generating an inhalable aerosol by heating an aerosol-forming substrate. The device comprises a device housing for receiving the aerosol-forming substrate and a pyrometer for determining a temperature of a heated target surface within the device housing. The invention further relates to an aerosol-generating system comprising such an aerosol-generating device and an aerosol-generating article for use with the device including an aerosol-forming substrate. 115-. (canceled)16. An aerosol-generating device configured for generating an aerosol by heating an aerosol-forming substrate , the device comprising a device housing for receiving the aerosol-forming substrate , and a pyrometer for determining a temperature of a heated target surface within the device housing , wherein the pyrometer is a dual-wavelength pyrometer or a multiple-wavelength pyrometer that is configured to measure thermal radiation at least at a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band , wherein the second wavelength band is broader than the first wavelength band , and wherein the pyrometer includes a detector comprising at least a first and a second sensor , wherein the first and the second sensor are arranged adjacent to each other side by side , and wherein the pyrometer comprises an optical system for collecting thermal radiation emitted from the heated target surface , wherein the optical system comprises a lens having a lens surface far side of the target surface which is a scattering surface.17. The device according to claim 16 , further comprising an optical shielding for shielding the pyrometer from ambient light.18. The device according to claim 16 , wherein a first optical bandpass or longpass or shortpass filter is arranged in front of the first sensor.19. The device according to claim 16 , wherein a second optical bandpass or longpass or shortpass filter is arranged in front of the second sensor ...

INFRARED SENSING DEVICES AND METHODS

An infrared sensor assembly for sensing infrared radiation comprises infrared sensing elements and the infrared sensing compensation elements that are different so that, for a same flux on the infrared sensing elements and the infrared sensing compensation elements, the radiation responsive element of the infrared sensing elements absorbs more radiation than the radiation responsive element of the infrared sensing compensation elements, as to receive substantially more radiation than the radiation responsive element of the infrared sensing compensation elements. An output of the sensor array is a subtractive function of a sum of the signals of the plurality of infrared sensing elements and a sum of the signals of the plurality of the infrared sensing compensation elements such that at least linear and/or non-linear parasitic thermal fluxes are at least partly compensated for. 1. An infrared sensor assembly for sensing infrared radiation from an object , the infrared sensor assembly comprising: at least two infrared sensing elements, each infrared sensing element having a radiation responsive element providing a proportionate electrical signal in response to infrared radiation incident thereto; and responsive to parasitic thermal fluxes,', 'at least two infrared sensing compensation elements, at least one of said infrared sensing compensation elements being interspersed among the at least two infrared sensing elements, each of said two infrared sensing compensation elements having a radiation responsive element providing a proportionate electrical signal in response to infrared radiation incident thereto and responsive to parasitic thermal fluxes, and, 'a sensor array comprising a plurality of sensing elements, provided on or embedded in a substrate extending in a substrate plane, wherein the sensor array comprisesthe infrared sensing elements and the infrared sensing compensation elements being different so that, for a same flux on the infrared sensing elements and ...

TEMPERATURE ESTIMATION DEVICE, TEMPERATURE ESTIMATING METHOD, AND TEMPERATURE ESTIMATING PROGRAM

A temperature estimation device () is provided with: an acquiring section () that acquires a photographed image photographed by a photographing section () including an infrared light sensor and a housing; a generating section () that corrects the photographed image with use of a correction parameter and a temporarily set temperature of the housing to generate a corrected image of the photographed image, the correction parameter that is calculated by prior temperature calibration with respect to the photographing section (); and an estimating section () that estimates a temperature of the housing on the basis of non-uniformity of luminance values of pixels included in the corrected image. 1. A temperature estimation device comprising:an acquiring section that acquires a photographed image photographed by a photographing section including an infrared light sensor and a housing;a generating section that corrects the photographed image with use of a correction parameter and a temporarily set temperature of the housing to generate a corrected image of the photographed image, the correction parameter that is calculated by prior temperature calibration with respect to the photographing section; andan estimating section that estimates a temperature of the housing on a basis of non-uniformity of luminance values of pixels included in the corrected image.2. The temperature estimation device according to claim 1 , wherein the estimating section estimates the temperature of the housing on a basis of a value that evaluates non-uniformity of the luminance values.3. The temperature estimation device according to claim 2 , wherein the estimating section estimates the temperature of the housing on a basis of a standard deviation of the luminance values of the pixels included in the corrected image.4. The temperature estimation device according to claim 3 , whereinthe generating section sets a plurality of temporary temperatures different from each other, and generates a plurality of ...

STRUCTURALLY REINFORCED COMPOSITE COLD SHIELD FOR USE IN INFRARED SENSORS OR OTHER DEVICES

An Infrared Detector Dewar system includes a housing and an infrared detector. The system also includes one or more strut members coupled on a first end to the housing. The system further includes cold shield coupled to the infrared detector and to a second end of the one or more strut members. The cold shield includes a reinforcement ring aligned with the one or more strut members. The cold shield is formed by forming a support member having disc encased by a support ring. The support member is positioned within a mandrel such that the reinforcement ring is disposed to align with a strut position. The cold shield is then formed by electroplating copper over the mandrel and at least a portion of the support member, and then by removing/dissolving all aforementioned mandrels. 1. A method comprising:forming a support member having a disc encased by a support ring;positioning the support member within a mandrel such that the support member is disposed to align with a strut position, the strut position comprising a location for coupling to a planned strut member; andforming a cold shield by electroplating copper over the mandrel and a portion of the support member.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the support member comprises electroplating nickel to form the disc and the support ring.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:dissolving the mandrel.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the cold shield comprises a continuous copper body; andthe support member comprises a nickel support baffle.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel is configured to form a plurality of baffles.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the support member comprises a baffle disposed within the plurality of baffles.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein forming the cold shield comprises electroplating copper to form each of the plurality of baffles.8. A system comprising:a housing;an infrared detector;one or more strut members each coupled on a first end to the housing; anda cold ...

RADIATION SHIELD FOR NEAR-INFRARED DETECTORS

A radiation shield for near-infrared detectors of the type used in Raman spectroscopic systems comprises a chamber enclosing the detector and a cooling device in thermal contact with the chamber and the detector to reduce the level of unwanted radiation to which the detector would otherwise be exposed. The chamber may include a window in optical alignment with the detector, and the window may include one or more coatings to pass wavelengths in a range of interest or block radiation at wavelengths outside of this range. The shield may be enclosed in an evacuated dewar having a window which may also include one or more coatings to favor the wavelength range. 1. A radiation shield for a near-infrared detector , comprising:a chamber including an aperture and a near-infrared detector having at least one detector element, the chamber composed of a thermally conductive material, the detector disposed within the chamber and opposite the aperture; anda cooling device in thermal contact with the chamber and structured to lower the temperature of the chamber to reduce the emission from the chamber of unwanted radiation incident upon the detector,wherein the aperture is sized relative to a distance from the detector to an optic of a spectrograph such that only a desired solid angle is incident upon the detector, enabling the detector to receive electromagnetic signals in a desired spatial range from the spectrograph and attenuating non-signal bearing electromagnetic radiation from incidence upon the detector.2. The radiation shield of claim 1 , wherein in the desired operational wavelength range is 0.4 to 2.5 microns claim 1 , and the electromagnetic signals are Raman signals.3. The radiation shield of claim 1 , the radiation shield further comprising a window covering the aperture in the chamber claim 1 , wherein the window is composed of glass claim 1 , glass-ceramic claim 1 , diamond claim 1 , crystalline quartz claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , germanium claim 1 , gallium nitride ...

Thermal protection mechanisms for uncooled microbolometers

Methods and apparatus for preventing solar damage, and other heat-related damage, to uncooled microbolometer pixels. In certain examples, at least some of the pixels of an uncooled microbolometer are configured with a bimetallic thermal shorting structure that protects the pixel(s) from excessive heat damage. In other examples a thermochroic membrane that becomes highly reflective at temperatures above a certain threshold is applied over the microbolometer pixels to prevent the pixels from being damaged by excessive heat.

MEDICAL THERMOMETER HAVING AN IMPROVED OPTICS SYSTEM

A medical thermometer including a curved mirror and a radiation sensor is disclosed. The radiation sensor is disposed relative to the mirror in a configuration whereby the mirror reflects away from the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented outside a range of angles relative to the mirror, and reflects toward the sensor radiation that passes through the radiation entrance and that is oriented within a range of angles relative to the mirror. 1. A medical thermometer , comprising:a housing having a radiation entrance;a mirror disposed in the housing, a reflective surface of the mirror having a parabolic shape defining a vertex, a baseline tangent to the parabolic shape at the vertex, an axis of symmetry perpendicular to both the baseline and to the radiation entrance, and a focal point; anda radiation sensor having a detection surface, the radiation sensor disposed in the housing at the focal point such that a normal to the detection surface is angled from 25° to 35° with respect to the baseline of the reflective surface,wherein, the radiation entrance, the mirror and the radiation sensor are configured for the detection surface to receive radiation passing through the radiation entrance from 5° to −5° of a line parallel to the axis of symmetry, and for the mirror to reflect away from the detection surface radiation passing through the radiation entrance not within 6° and −6° of a line parallel to the axis of symmetry.2. The medical thermometer of wherein the parabolic shape is defined by the equation y=ax+bx+c claim 1 , where a is not equal to 0.3. The medical thermometer of wherein a is from 0.01 to 2.0.4. The medical thermometer of wherein b is from −2.0 to 2.0.5. The medical thermometer of wherein the detection surface has a center point thereon and the center point is disposed approximately at the focal point.6. The medical thermometer of wherein a is from 0.07 to 0.09.7. The medical thermometer of wherein b is from −0.02 ...

METHOD TO MODULATE THE SENSITIVITY OF A BOLOMETER VIA NEGATIVE INTERFERENCE

A semiconductor sensor system, in particular a bolometer, includes a substrate, an electrode supported by the substrate, an absorber spaced apart from the substrate, a voltage source, and a current source. The electrode can include a mirror, or the system may include a mirror separate from the electrode. Radiation absorption efficiency of the absorber is based on a minimum gap distance between the absorber and mirror. The current source applies a DC current across the absorber structure to produce a signal indicative of radiation absorbed by the absorber structure. The voltage source powers the electrode to produce a modulated electrostatic field acting on the absorber to modulate the minimum gap distance. The electrostatic field includes a DC component to adjust the absorption efficiency, and an AC component that cyclically drives the absorber to negatively interfere with noise in the signal. 1. A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) bolometer system , comprising:a substrate;a first absorber structure spaced apart from the substrate by a first gap;a first electrode supported by the substrate and spaced apart from the first absorber structure; anda voltage source operatively coupled to the first electrode and configured to generate a first modulated electrostatic force on the first absorber structure using the first electrode such that a minimum height of the first gap above the substrate is modulated by the first modulated electrostatic force.2. The MEMS bolometer system of claim 1 , wherein:the first modulated electrostatic force includes a DC component and an AC component.3. The MEMS bolometer system of claim 2 , further comprising:a mirror supported by the substrate at a location aligned with at least a portion of the first absorber structure.4. The MEMS bolometer system of claim 3 , wherein the mirror is located between the first electrode and the at least a portion of the first absorber structure.5. The MEMS bolometer system of claim 2 , wherein the first ...

Method for Noncontact, Radiation Thermometric Temperature Measurement

In a method for noncontact, radiation thermometric temperature measurement, a short-circuit photocurrent that is proportional to a received radiant power is produced in a photodiode radiation detector that is operating photovoltaically without bias voltage. The photocurrent is processed in a current to voltage converter. Subsequently, a temperature signal corresponding to the radiant power is generated. A corrective current, dependent on a temperature of the photodiode radiation detector, is added to the short-circuit photocurrent to compensate a fault current, wherein the fault current is based on an input bias current and an input offset voltage of the current to voltage converter across a temperature-dependent shunt resistance of the photodiode radiation detector. A device with a corrective current source controlled by a microcontroller is provided that can be used to perform the method.

INFRARED DETECTOR AND RADIATION THERMOMETER

A radiation thermometer includes a barrel, an infrared sensor, a first aperture, an infrared absorption structure, and a reflection structure. The barrel includes an infrared inlet port formed on a front end thereof. The infrared sensor is disposed on a base end side so as to be opposite to the infrared inlet port in the barrel. The first aperture divides between the infrared inlet port and the infrared sensor in the barrel. The infrared absorption structure is disposed on at least a part of an inner end surface on the base end side in the barrel or of an outer surface of the infrared sensor. The reflection structure is disposed on at least a part of an inner peripheral surface on the base end side relative to the first aperture in the barrel or at least a part of the first aperture which is located toward the infrared sensor. 1. An infrared detector comprising:a barrel comprising an infrared inlet port formed on a front end side;a first aperture disposed so as to divide an interior of the barrel into the front end side and a base end side;an infrared sensor disposed on the base end side than the first aperture in the barrel;an infrared absorption structure disposed on at least a part of an inner end surface on the base end side in the barrel or at least a part of an outer surface of the infrared sensor; anda reflection structure disposed on at least a part of an inner peripheral surface on the base end side than the first aperture in the barrel or at least a part of a side of the first aperture which is located toward the infrared sensor.2. The infrared detector according to claim 1 , wherein the infrared absorption structure is disposed at a position to ensure that infrared rays radiated from a front end side than the first aperture in the barrel pass through the first aperture and reach an inner end surface on the base end side in the barrel or an outer surface of the infrared sensor.3. The infrared detector according to claim 1 , further comprising a second ...

DIRECT MOUNTING OF FILTERS OR OTHER OPTICAL COMPONENTS TO OPTICAL DETECTORS USING FLEXURES

An apparatus includes an optical detector configured to detect at least a portion of incoming radiation. The apparatus also includes an optical component configured to provide at least the portion of the incoming radiation to the optical detector. The apparatus further includes at least one flexure that mounts the optical component to the optical detector. Each flexure is configured to deform in response to expansion or contraction of at least one of the optical component and the optical detector. Each flexure may include a side surface that is flexible in a first dimension and rigid in second and third dimensions, where the dimensions are orthogonal to each other. The optical component may include at least one of a filter, a lens, a polarizer, an aperture, and a cover. 1. An apparatus comprising:an optical detector configured to detect at least a portion of incoming radiation;an optical component configured to provide at least the portion of the incoming radiation to the optical detector; andat least one flexure that is coupled to the optical component and the optical detector and that mounts the optical component to the optical detector, each flexure configured to deform laterally in response to lateral expansion or contraction of at least one of the optical component and the optical detector.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each flexure is further configured to transfer heat from the optical component to the optical detector.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the apparatus comprises multiple flexures; anddifferent flexures are coupled to different sides of the optical detector and to different sides of the optical component.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each flexure comprises:a side surface that is flexible in a first dimension and rigid in second and third dimensions, the dimensions being orthogonal to each other; andarms projecting from the side surface, the arms configured to contact the optical component and the optical detector.5. The ...

PYROMETER BACKGROUND ELIMINATION

Embodiments disclosed herein provide an RTP system for processing a substrate. An RTP chamber has a radiation source configured to deliver radiation to a substrate disposed within a processing volume. One or more pyrometers are coupled to the chamber body opposite the radiation source. In one example, the radiation source is disposed below the substrate and the pyrometers are disposed above the substrate. In another example, the radiation source is disposed above the substrate and the pyrometers are disposed below the substrate. The substrate may be supported in varying manners configured to reduce physical contact between the substrate support and the substrate. An edge ring and shield are disposed within the processing volume and are configured to reduce or eliminate background radiation from interfering with the pyrometers. Additionally, an absorbing surface may be coupled to the chamber body to further reduce background radiation interference. 1. An apparatus for processing a substrate , comprising:a chamber having a window and a ceiling at least partially defining a process volume;a radiation source disposed adjacent to the window;one or more pyrometers coupled to the ceiling opposite the radiation source;a support ring disposed within the processing volume;an edge ring having a substrate support portion, the edge ring coupled to the support ring; anda radiation shield removably coupled to the edge ring, wherein an inner diameter of the radiation shield extends radially inward over the substrate support portion of the edge ring and above a top most surface of the edge ring, and wherein the inner diameter of the radiation shield is less than an inner diameter of the substrate support portion of the edge ring.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:an absorbing surface disposed on the ceiling adjacent to a region where the one or more pyrometers are coupled to the ceiling.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the window separates the process volume from ...

Device for measuring temperature of turbine wheel in turbocharger and engine control method using temperature measurement device for turbine wheel

A device for measuring temperature of a turbine wheel in a turbocharger includes: a guide that passes infrared ray generated from the turbine wheel and includes a coolant path; a protection unit that protects an optical head which senses the infrared ray; and a signal processing unit that measures a temperature of the turbine wheel by processing a signal corresponding to the sensed infrared ray.

Passive detectors for imaging systems

Passive detector structures for imaging systems are provided which implement unpowered, passive front-end detector structures with direct-to-digital measurement data output for detecting incident photonic radiation in various portions (e.g., thermal (IR), near IR, UV and visible light) of the electromagnetic spectrum.

THERMO-MECHANICAL FATIGUE SYSTEM FOR STATIC COMPONENTS

According to an aspect of this disclosure, a system of applying thermal loads may include at least one laser module, and a plurality of optical components fixed to the at least one laser module and directing a plurality of laser beams from the plurality of optical components towards a surface. Further, the plurality of laser beams apply radiative heating to the surface in accordance with the system. The system also includes at least one infrared camera measuring thermal conditions of the surface, and a controller coordinating operation of the at least one laser module and the at least one infrared camera. 1. A system of applying thermal loads , comprising:at least one laser module; 'wherein the plurality of laser beams apply radiative heating to the surface;', 'a plurality of optical components fixed to the at least one laser module and directing a plurality of laser beams from the plurality of optical components towards a surface;'}at least one infrared camera measuring thermal conditions of the surface; anda controller coordinating operation of the at least one laser module and the at least one infrared camera.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller turns off the at least one laser module when the at least one infrared camera measures the thermal conditions of the surface.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the surface is on a component of a gas turbine engine and thermal conditions of the surface are cycled.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical components direct the plurality of laser beams towards the surface according to a pattern mapped across the surface.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the pattern is a three-dimensional pattern of loci on the surface.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the three-dimensional pattern of loci on the surface corresponds to the plurality of laser beams.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein a plurality of optical waveguides correspond to the plurality of optical components; andwherein the plurality of ...

INTEGRATED TEMPERATURE SENSOR ON LEAD SELENIDE PLATE DETECTOR ASSEMBLY

An improved infrared-based gas detector apparatus is described in which a substantial improvement in temperature measurement and tracking accuracy is achieved by combining a temperature sensing element such as a Thermistor to the body of a Lead Selenide (PbSe) plate detector. This allows for as close to possible measurement of the actual Lead Selenide film temperature without coming directly in physical contact with the film surface itself. 1. An infrared radiation detector with integrated temperature sensor comprising:a substrate;an infrared radiation sensitive film layer disposed on the substrate, the film layer having two ends;a conductive electrode disposed on one end of the film layer;a conductive ground electrode disposed on the other end of the film layer;a temperature sensor disposed in electrical and thermal communication with the conductive ground electrode;an electrical IR detector signal lead disposed in electrical communication with the conductive electrode andan electrical temperature signal lead disposed in electrical communication with the temperature sensor.2. The infrared radiation detector of claim 1 , wherein the infrared radiation sensitive film layer comprises a lead selenide (PbSe) film layer.3. The infrared radiation detector of claim 1 , further comprising:a current source disposed in electrical communication with the temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is a thermistor.4. The infrared radiation detector of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is quartz.5. The infrared radiation detector of claim 1 , wherein the electrode and the ground electrode are gold plated claim 1 , and further wherein the temperature sensor is a chip thermistor having a conductive pad disposed in electrical contact with the ground electrode and a second conductive pad connected to the electrical temperature signal lead claim 1 , such that the chip thermistor is disposed between the ground electrode and the electrical temperature signal lead.6. The infrared ...

THERMAL PATTERN SENSOR

A thermal pattern sensor comprising a plurality of pixels, each pixel comprising at least one pyroelectric capacitor formed by at least one portion of pyroelectric material arranged between a lower electrode and an upper electrode, in which one of the lower and upper electrodes corresponds to an electrode for reading the pixel and in which a heating element that can heat the portion of pyroelectric material of the pyroelectric capacitor of the pixel by Joule effect during a measurement of the thermal pattern by the pyroelectric capacitor of the pixel is formed by the other of the lower and upper electrodes. 114-. (canceled)15. A thermal pattern sensor comprising a plurality of pixels , each pixel comprising at least one pyroelectric capacitance formed by at least one portion of pyroelectric material arranged between a lower electrode and an upper electrode , in which one of the lower and upper electrodes corresponds to an electrode for reading the pixel and in which a heating element that can heat the portion of pyroelectric material of the pyroelectric capacitance of said pixel by Joule effect during a measurement of the thermal pattern by the pyroelectric capacitance of said pixel is formed by the other of the lower and upper electrodes.16. The thermal pattern sensor according to claim 15 , in which the pyroelectric material comprises PVDF and/or P(VDF-TrFE) and/or PZT.17. The thermal pattern sensor according to claim 15 , further comprising a substrate on which are arranged the pyroelectric capacitances of the pixels claim 15 , the lower electrode of the pyroelectric capacitance of each pixel being arranged between the substrate and the portion of pyroelectric material of the pyroelectric capacitance of the pixel claim 15 , and in which the upper electrode of the pyroelectric capacitance of each pixel forms the heating element of said pixel.18. The thermal pattern sensor according to claim 15 , in which the electrodes of the pyroelectric capacitances of the ...

SENSOR AND AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION METHOD APPLIED THERETO

The present invention discloses an automatic calibration method of a sensor, including the following steps of: (A1) setting a default trigger value; (A2) sampling a signal and accumulating a signal value to perform signal judgment; (A3) determining whether a trigger condition is met or not; (A4) if yes, recording an accumulated signal value meeting the trigger condition, and if not, returning to step (A2); and (A5) analyzing and updating the default trigger value. 1. An automatic calibration method of a sensor , comprising the following steps:(A1) setting a default trigger value, the default trigger value comprising environment factor noise;(A2) sampling a signal and accumulating a signal value to perform signal judgment;(A3) determining whether a trigger condition is met or not;(A4) if yes, recording an accumulated signal value meeting the trigger condition, and if not, going back to step (A2); and(A5) analyzing and updating the default trigger value.2. The automatic calibration method according to claim 1 , wherein the step (A1) further comprises the following steps:(A1-1) sampling a reference voltage of the sensor, the reference voltage comprising the environment factor noise;(A1-2) setting an initial value of a sensing signal within a certain time At according to the reference voltage; and(A1-3) obtaining an initial trigger value according to the reference voltage.3. The automatic calibration method according to claim 1 , wherein the step (A5) further comprises the following steps:(A5-1) obtaining an average value of the signal recording sensing values;(A5-2) deleting several data farthest away from the average value; and(A5-3) obtaining the average value of the several data for updating the default trigger value.4. The automatic calibration method according to claim 1 , wherein if the step (A3) is judged as not claim 1 , the following steps are performed:(A3-1) judging whether a default time is reached or not; and if yes, performing step (A5), and if not, going ...

UNRELEASED THERMOPILE INFRARED SENSOR USING MATERIAL TRANSFER METHOD

An unreleased thermopile IR sensor and method of fabrication is provided which includes a new thermally isolating material and an ultra-thin material based sensor which, in combination, provide excellent sensitivity without requiring a released membrane structure. The sensor is fabricated using a wafer transfer technique in which a substrate assembly comprising the substrate and new thermally isolating material is bonded to a carrier substrate assembly comprising a carrier substrate and the ultra-thin material, followed by removal of the carrier substrate. As such, temperature restrictions of the various materials are overcome. 1. An unreleased thermopile infrared sensor comprising:a substrate having a bottom surface and a top surface;a thermally isolating material disposed on at least a portion of the top surface of the substrate, the thermally isolating material having a bottom surface and a top surface; andan ultra-thin material disposed on at least a portion of the top surface of the thermally isolating material;wherein the thermally isolating material is stable at temperatures up to 450° C., andwherein the ultra-thin material is selected from materials having a thickness of less than or equal to 200 nm, and are deposited by methods requiring a heightened temperature of greater than 450° C.2. The unreleased thermopile infrared sensor of claim 1 , wherein the thermally isolating material is selected from Parylene claim 1 , benzocyclobutene (BCB) claim 1 , amorphous fluoropolymers claim 1 , poly(methyl methacrylate) claim 1 , SU-8 photo-resists claim 1 , and other polymers.3. The unreleased thermopile infrared sensor of claim 1 , wherein the ultra-thin material is selected from 2D materials.4. The unreleased thermopile infrared sensor of claim 3 , wherein the ultra-thin material is selected from the group consisting of graphene claim 3 , MoS claim 3 , SnSe claim 3 , black phosphorus (BP) claim 3 , thin poly-silicon claim 3 , SiGe (silicon germanium) claim 3 , Ge ( ...

STRUCTURALLY REINFORCED COMPOSITE COLD SHIELD FOR USE IN INFRARED SENSORS OR OTHER DEVICES

An apparatus includes a top surface configured to couple to a variable aperture mechanism (VAM), where the top surface has an opening configured to align with an aperture of the VAM. The apparatus also includes a bottom portion configured to couple to a cooled object and a contact portion configured to couple to a strut, where the top surface, bottom portion, and contact portion form a continuous body. The apparatus further includes a plurality of baffles within the continuous body, where each of the baffles has an opening configured to align with the aperture of the VAM. In addition, the apparatus includes a reinforcement ring comprised in or within the continuous body and disposed to be aligned with the strut when the strut is coupled to the continuous body. 1. A method comprising:forming a support member having a disc encased by a support ring;positioning the support member within a mandrel such that the support member is disposed to align with a strut position, the strut position comprising a location to couple to a strut member; andforming a cold shield by electroplating metal over the mandrel and a portion of the support member.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the support member comprises electroplating a second metal different from the first metal to form the disc and the support ring.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:dissolving the mandrel.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cold shield comprises a continuous body.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mandrel is configured to form a plurality of baffles.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the support member comprises a baffle disposed within the plurality of baffles.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein forming the cold shield comprises electroplating the metal to form each of the plurality of baffles.8. A system comprising:an infrared detector;one or more strut members; anda cold shield coupled to the infrared detector and to each of the one or more strut members, the cold shield ...

TECHNIQUES FOR CORRECTING FIXED PATTERN NOISE IN SHUTTERLESS FIR CAMERAS

A system and method for correcting fixed pattern noise in far-infrared (FIR) images captured by a shutterless FIR camera. The method includes: determining a drift coefficient based on previously determined calibration values and high pass filter values applied to an input FIR image captured by the shutterless FIR camera; smoothing the drift coefficient based, in part, on previously computed drift coefficient values; and removing noise from the input image based on the smoothed drift coefficient value. 1. A method for correcting fixed pattern noise in far-infrared (FIR) images captured by a shutterless FIR camera , comprising:determining a drift coefficient based on previously determined calibration values and high pass filter values applied to an input FIR image captured by the shutterless FIR camera;smoothing the drift coefficient based, in part, on previously computed drift coefficient values; andremoving noise from the input image based on the smoothed drift coefficient value.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:applying a two-point correction to the input FIR image, wherein the two-point correction is based on previously determined reference point offset values and scene gain pattern values.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the previously determined reference point offset values and the scene gain pattern values are associated with a predefined temperature range.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the previously determined reference point offset values and the scene gain pattern values are determined for each pixel of the input image.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the drift coefficient is based on previously determined calibration points associated with the predefined temperature range.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drift coefficient is based on current ambient temperature values.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drift coefficient iteratively updated based on previously corrected input images.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drift ...

Thermopile infrared individual sensor for measuring temperature or detecting gas

A thermopile infrared individual sensor includes a housing filled with a gaseous medium. It has optics and one or more sensor chips with individual sensor cells with infrared sensor structures with reticulated membranes, infrared-sensitive regions of which are each spanned by at least one beam over a cavity in a carrier body. The thermopile infrared sensor uses monolithic Si-micromechanics technology for contactless temperature measurements. In the case of a sufficiently large receiver surface, this outputs a high signal with a high response speed. A plurality of individual adjacent sensor cells are combined with respectively one infrared-sensitive region with thermopile structures on the membrane on a common carrier body of an individual chip to a single thermopile sensor structure with a signal output in the housing, consisting of a cap sealed with a base plate with a common gaseous medium. 1. A thermopile infrared sensor , comprising:a housing filled with a gas medium, the housing having a base plate and a cap;an optical unit arranged at an aperture opening in the housing; anda sensor chip having a plurality of sensor cells, each of the plurality of sensor cells having a thermopile infrared-sensitive region, the plurality of sensor cells being arranged on a common carrier body to form a thermopile sensor structure,wherein sensor cells of the plurality of sensor cells are interconnected with one another to form an effective thermopile individual sensor,wherein each sensor cell of the plurality of sensor cells generates an output signal, andwherein the output signals of the plurality of sensor cells are combined to form one output signal of the thermopile infrared sensor.2. The thermopile infrared sensor as in claim 1 , wherein the sensor cells of the plurality of sensor cells are connected in series claim 1 , in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel circuit to form the one output signal.3. The thermopile infrared sensor as in claim 1 , wherein the ...

The method that the test result of a kind of pair of infrared measurement of temperature equipment is modified

本发明提出一种对红外测温设备的测试结果进行修正的方法，以多种红外测温设备为研究对象，对其测得的数据进行人工修正；修正后的数据接近目标的真实温度。本发明通过预设测试模型和计算公式，测试模型与公式对应的函数变量；然后通过软件针对测得的数值进行拟合，确定计算公式的系数和乘数，从而形成完整的计算公式；之后在同种测量条件下，无论这些函数变量的如何变化，均可通过同种公式计算出目标的准确温度。本发明适用于复杂条件下，各种精度和适用温度范围的红外测温设备对目标温度的修正；本方法对钢锭温度的测量有明显优势。该方法可以克服红外测温设备在温度、距离、角度等因素变化时的温度误差，实现快速、准确、安全地测温的目的。

Thermowell with infrared sensor

A thermowell assembly for measuring a process temperature includes an elongate thermowell having a proximal end and a distal end. A bore extends between the two ends with the thermowell assembly configured to extend into a process fluid. An infrared sensor detects infrared radiation from the distal end through the bore of the thermowell and responsively provides a sensor output. A configuration is provided in which infrared radiation received by the infrared sensor from a wall of the bore is reduced and or radiation received from the distal end of the bore is increased.

Apparatus and method for detecting dead pixel according to external infrared detector

The present invention proposes an apparatus and method for detecting a dead pixel by reflecting an influence on the ambient temperature of an infrared detector. The apparatus includes a temperature control part; an image acquisition part; and a control part.

Systems and methods for pathogen inactivation in blood using UV irradiation while minimizing heat transfer thereto

The systems and methods for pathogen reduction in donor blood operates by exposure of blood to UVC irradiation. Unwanted wavelengths of light, mostly in the infrared spectra, may be precluded from reaching blood by providing a layer of IR-absorbing fluid positioned between blood and the source of UV irradiation, whereby minimizing energy absorption and heating of blood. Some embodiments further disclose a system configured to utilize the same IR-absorbing fluid to actively cool blood by flowing along the flow path thereof.

Infrared measurement of temperature, and its stabilisation

FIELD: measurement equipment. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to measurement equipment and can be used for temperature measurement of the object. The invention presents versions of an infrared (IR) temperature measurement system. This invention performs active stabilisation of temperature of objects nearby and on the way between an infrared (IR) sensor and the target object. In order to control the power supplied to resistive temperature transducers (RTD), a temperature meter and control that controls current force supplied to RTD is used. As a result, temperatures of objects visible in IR range can be stabilised in an active manner at changes, for example changes in environmental temperature, which leads to effective and accurate readings of temperature. EFFECT: improving accuracy of obtained data. 15 cl, 16 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 567 095 C2 (51) МПК G01J 5/00 (2006.01) G05D 23/20 (2006.01) G01D 3/028 (2006.01) G12B 7/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013104964/28, 07.07.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 07.07.2011 (72) Автор(ы): МЭСТОН Роберт (US) (73) Патентообладатель(и): СВГ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ КОРПОРЕЙШН (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U 08.07.2010 US 61/362,623; 07.07.2011 US 13/178,077 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.08.2014 Бюл. № 23 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 6921895 B1, 26.07.2005. US 20100027583 A1, 04.02.2010. US 20080224817 A1, 18.09.2008. US 20090296775 A1, 03.12.2009. US 5826982 A1, 27.10.1998. DE 10341142 A1 A1, 31.03.2005. (86) Заявка PCT: C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 08.02.2013 US 2011/043188 (07.07.2011) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 5 6 7 0 9 5 WO 2012/006420 (12.01.2012) R U 2 5 6 7 0 9 5 (45) Опубликовано: 27.10.2015 Бюл. № 30 Адрес для переписки: 123242, Москва, Кудринская площадь, 1, а/я 35, "Михайлюк, Сороколат и партнеры-патентные ...

Sensor

The invention provides a sensor including a first sensor element formed in a first substrate and at least one optical element formed in a second substrate, the first and second substrates being configured relative to one another such that the second substrate forms a cap over the first sensor element. The cap includes a diffractive optical element and an aperture stop which collectively determine the wavelength of incident radiation that is allowed through the cap and onto the at least one optical element.

Radiation sensor with cap and optical elements

The invention provides a sensor including a first sensor element formed in a first substrate and at least one optical element formed in a second substrate, the first and second substrates being configured relative to one another such that the second substrate forms a cap over the first sensor element. The cap includes a diffractive optical element and an aperture stop which collectively determine the wavelength of incident radiation that is allowed through the cap and onto the at least one optical element.

Radiation-type temperature measuring method

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

assembly of non-contacting temperature sensor

The present invention relates to a contactless temperature sensor assembly which prevents a temperature sensor provided inside from being overheated by complex external factors so as to prevent a degree of precision of signal detection from being degraded by high heat, thereby increasing drive reliability. The contactless temperature sensor assembly comprises: a temperature sensor detecting a temperature through an infrared ray which is emitted from a measurement object arranged to face; and a shield housing including a shield base unit extended to the outside in a radial direction along an upper edge of a sensor mounting hole to shield an outer electromagnetic wave and a shield outer wall unit downwardly extended from the shield base unit and arranged to be spaced from the outside of the temperature sensor wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in a central portion to transfer an infrared ray and the shield housing is made of a synthetic resin material.

Infrared sensor

Occupancy sensor

An occupancy sensor includes a passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) and an infrared sensor (IR sensor). The occupancy sensor is configured to confirm occupancy or non-occupancy in dependence on signals measured by both the PIR sensor and the IR sensor.

Device for detecting pyrogenic adducts in arteries

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR WITH ELECTRO-MAGNETIC SHIELDING COMPRISING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL.

L'invention concerne un capteur de motifs thermiques (100) comportant une matrice de capacités pyroélectriques. Le capteur comporte en outre un étage de blindage électromagnétique (140), électriquement conducteur, situé entre un étage (130) comprenant un matériau pyroélectrique et une surface de contact (181) du capteur. L'étage de blindage électromagnétique (140) comprend une couche de blindage (141) qui comporte des nanofils et/ou nanotubes (1411) baignant dans un milieu environnant (1412). Lesdits nanofils et/ou nanotubes (1411) présentent une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle dudit milieu environnant (1412). Un rapport entre un pas de répartition (P) des pixels de la matrice de pixels et une épaisseur (H) de la couche de blindage (141) est supérieur ou égal à 20. L'invention permet d'obtenir à la fois des transferts de chaleur rapides à travers l'étage de blindage électromagnétique, et de faibles transferts latéraux de chaleur, d'un pixel à l'autre du capteur.

DEVICE FOR DETECTING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION.

Dispositif de détection d'un rayonnement électromagnétique qui comporte un bolomètre actif (7) muni d'un premier élément sensible (12) audit rayonnement électromagnétique (8) et un bolomètre de référence (10) identique au bolomètre actif (7), muni d'un second élément sensible (13) audit rayonnement électromagnétique (8). Les bolomètres actif (7) et de référence (10) sont disposés sur un même substrat (14), à proximité l'un de l'autre. Un capot (15) recouvre au moins la partie du second élément sensible (13) exposée au rayonnement électromagnétique (8) et aménage un espace vide entre ledit second élément sensible (13) et le capot (15). La paroi interne (17) du capot (15) est constituée par une couche absorbante en un matériau, absorbant au moins les radiations thermiques émises par le second élément sensible (13). Un écran réfléchissant forme au moins une partie exposée audit rayonnement électromagnétique (8), de la paroi externe (16).

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELD COMPRISING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL.

L'invention concerne un capteur de motifs thermiques (100) comportant une matrice de capacités pyroélectriques. Le capteur comporte en outre un étage de blindage électromagnétique (140), électriquement conducteur, situé entre un étage (130) comprenant un matériau pyroélectrique et une surface de contact (181) du capteur. L'étage de blindage électromagnétique (140) comprend une couche de blindage (141) qui comporte des nanofils et/ou nanotubes (1411) baignant dans un milieu environnant (1412). Lesdits nanofils et/ou nanotubes (1411) présentent une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle dudit milieu environnant (1412). Un rapport entre un pas de répartition (P) des pixels de la matrice de pixels et une épaisseur (H) de la couche de blindage (141) est supérieur ou égal à 20. L'invention permet d'obtenir à la fois des transferts de chaleur rapides à travers l'étage de blindage électromagnétique, et de faibles transferts latéraux de chaleur, d'un pixel à l'autre du capteur. The invention relates to a thermal pattern sensor (100) comprising a matrix of pyroelectric capacitors. The sensor further includes an electrically conductive electromagnetic shielding stage (140) located between a stage (130) comprising a pyroelectric material and a contact surface (181) of the sensor. The electromagnetic shielding stage (140) comprises a shielding layer (141) which comprises nanowires and / or nanotubes (1411) bathed in a surrounding medium (1412). Said nanowires and / or nanotubes (1411) have a thermal conductivity greater than that of said surrounding medium (1412). A ratio between a distribution pitch (P) of the pixels of the pixel matrix and a thickness (H) of the shielding layer (141) is greater than or equal to 20. The invention makes it possible to obtain both transfers fast heat through the electromagnetic shielding stage, and low lateral heat transfer from one pixel to the other of the sensor.

WATERPROOFING PORT FOR INFRARED OPTRONIC SYSTEM

Fire detector

The present invention relates to a fire detection sensor for fire detection, comprising: a body part (10) fixed to a ceiling of a monitored space; First, second and third infrared rays sensors 23, 24 and 25 installed in the body 10 for detecting infrared rays radiated in the corresponding direction and generating temperature sensing signals related to the infrared rays; A comparator 30 for comparing the temperature sensing signals generated by the first, second and third infrared sensors 23, 24 and 25; If the temperature corresponding to one temperature sensing signal among the temperature sensing signals compared in the comparator 30 is greater than or equal to the temperature corresponding to the remaining two temperature sensing signals or the temperature corresponding to the three temperature sensing signals And a fire signal generating unit (40) for generating a fire signal when the absolute value of the fire signal exceeds an absolute set value.

BLIND INFRARED IMAGING MICRO-BOLOMETER AND RELATED METHODS

Ce micro-bolomètre aveugle d’imagerie infrarouge (10b) comprend :– un substrat définissant un plan de substrat ; – une membrane (14), comportant au moins deux électrodes et un élément thermo-résistif, montée en suspension au-dessus dudit substrat, la membrane (14) s’étendant selon un plan de membrane parallèle audit plan de substrat ;– un écran d’occultation (19) disposé au-dessus de la membrane (14) de sorte à bloquer les rayonnements infrarouges incidents ; l’écran d’occultation (19) s’étendant selon un plan d’occultation parallèle au plan de substrat et au plan de membrane ; ledit écran d’occultation (19) étant monté en suspension au-dessus de la membrane (14) et du substrat au moyen d’une structure porteuse fixée sur le substrat ; la structure porteuse comportant au moins une paroi latérale ; et– au moins un évent de libération (32a) destiné à permettre le retrait d’au moins une couche sacrificielle mise en œuvre lors du procédé de fabrication dudit micro-bolomètre aveugle (10b). Ledit au moins un évent de libération (32a) est ménagé dans ladite au moins une paroi latérale de sorte à permettre un retrait d’au moins une couche sacrificielle selon une direction (Dr) parallèle aux plans de substrat, de membrane et d’occultation. Figure pour l’abrégé : Fig 2 This infrared imaging blind micro-bolometer (10b) comprises:– a substrate defining a substrate plane; - a membrane (14), comprising at least two electrodes and a thermo-resistive element, mounted in suspension above said substrate, the membrane (14) extending along a membrane plane parallel to said substrate plane; - a screen screen (19) disposed above the membrane (14) so as to block incident infrared radiation; the blackout screen (19) extending along a blackout plane parallel to the substrate plane and the membrane plane; said blackout screen (19) being mounted in suspension above the membrane (14) and the substrate by means of a support structure fixed to the substrate; the support structure comprising at ...

PYROELECTRIC SENSOR WITH ENHANCED ELECTRO-MAGNETIC SHIELD.

L'invention concerne un capteur de motifs thermiques (100) comportant une matrice de capacités pyroélectriques. Le capteur comporte en outre un étage de blindage électromagnétique (140), électriquement conducteur, situé entre un étage (130) comprenant un matériau pyroélectrique et une couche de protection (180) de la matrice de pixel. L'étage de blindage électromagnétique (240) comprend une couche d'isolation, et une pluralité de plots répartis dans la couche d'isolation, les plots présentant une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle de la couche d'isolation. L'invention permet d'obtenir à la fois des transferts de chaleur rapides à travers l'étage de blindage électromagnétique, et de faibles transferts latéraux de chaleur, d'un pixel à l'autre du capteur. The invention relates to a thermal pattern sensor (100) comprising a matrix of pyroelectric capacitors. The sensor further includes an electrically conductive electromagnetic shielding stage (140) located between a stage (130) comprising a pyroelectric material and a protective layer (180) of the pixel array. The electromagnetic shielding stage (240) comprises an insulation layer, and a plurality of pads distributed in the insulation layer, the pads having a thermal conductivity greater than that of the insulation layer. The invention makes it possible to obtain both fast heat transfers through the electromagnetic shielding stage, and weak lateral transfers of heat, from one pixel to the other of the sensor.

Black body integrated thermal imaging system and temperature compensation method thereof

The present invention relates to a black body integrated thermal imaging system and a temperature compensation method thereof. A black body integrated thermal imaging system using a black body and a thermal imaging camera includes: a thermal imaging camera that acquires a thermal image of a subject; and a black body device coupled to one side of the thermal imaging camera and located in the front direction of the thermal imaging camera so as to include at least a partial area within the field of view of the thermal imaging camera and provide preset absolute temperature information. The black body device includes: a heating panel unit formed to cover the entire area of the black body and providing a heat source so that the black body maintains the absolute temperature; a temperature measuring unit for sensing the temperature of the heating panel unit; a control unit that compares the detected temperature sensed by the temperature measuring unit with the absolute temperature, and controls the heating panel unit to maintain the absolute temperature according to a comparison value between the detected temperature and the absolute temperature; and a case accommodating the heating panel unit, the temperature measuring unit, and the control unit.

DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE TEMPERATURE OF AXLE BOXES OF VEHICLES ON RAILS

LA PRESENTE INVENTION SE RAPPORTE A UN DISPOSITIF SERVANT A MESURER LA TEMPERATURE DES BOITES D'ESSIEUX DES VEHICULES SUR RAILS. CE DISPOSITIF COMPREND UNE OPTIQUE D'ENTREE 1, PROTEGEE DES SALETES PAR UN DIAPHRAGME 2. EN SON MILIEU, ON A PREVU UN MODULATEUR A DIAPASON 3. A L'EXTREMITE DU FAISCEAU DE RAYONS EST PREVUE UNE OPTIQUE DE SORTIE 4 SUIVIE D'UN DETECTEUR 5 DISPOSE SUR UN ELEMENT REFRIGERANT DE PELTIER 6. ENTRE LE MODULATEUR 3 ET L'OPTIQUE DE SORTIE 4 EST PREVU UN PREMIER TUBE DE GUIDAGE DES RAYONS 7 COMPRENANT UN REVETEMENT INTERNE REFLECHISSANT LES RAYONS INFRAROUGES. DE CETTE FACON, LES RAYONS REFLECHIS PAR LES BARRES DU MODULATEUR SONT REFLECHIS SUR LA FACE INTERNE DU TUBE 7 ET GUIDES VERS LE DETECTEUR 5. UN SECOND TUBE DE GUIDAGE DES RAYONS 8 SERT A TRANSMETTRE SANS PERTURBATION LE RAYONNEMENT SERVANT DE SIGNAL. L'INVENTION S'APPLIQUE AU CONTROLE DES VEHICULES FERROVIAIRES. THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO A DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE AXLE BOXES OF VEHICLES ON RAILS. THIS DEVICE INCLUDES AN INPUT OPTICAL 1, PROTECTED FROM DIRT BY A DIAPHRAGM 2. IN ITS MIDDLE, A DIAPASON MODULATOR 3. AT THE END OF THE BEAM OF RAYS IS PROVIDED AN OUTPUT 4 OPTICAL FOLLOWED BY A DETECTOR 5 IS PROVIDED ON A PELTIER REFRIGERANT ELEMENT 6. BETWEEN MODULATOR 3 AND THE OUTPUT OPTICAL 4 IS PROVIDED A FIRST GUIDING TUBE OF RAYS 7 INCLUDING AN INTERNAL COATING REFLECTING THE INFRARED RAYS. IN THIS WAY, THE RAYS REFLECTED BY THE MODULATOR BARS ARE REFLECTED ON THE INTERNAL FACE OF TUBE 7 AND GUIDED TOWARDS DETECTOR 5. A SECOND RAY GUIDING TUBE 8 IS USED TO TRANSMIT THE SIGNALING RADIATION WITHOUT INTERRUPTION. THE INVENTION APPLIES TO THE CONTROL OF RAILWAY VEHICLES.

Infrared radiation detector, has infrared sensor with membrane disposed on semiconductor substrate, and cap with projecting unit made of material having thermal conductivity higher than that of gas present in case

Le détecteur comprend un capteur de rayonnement infrarouge (100) et un boîtier (200), le capteur comprenant un substrat, une membrane disposée sur le substrat, un dispositif de détection dont une partie est placée sur la membrane, absorbant le rayonnement infrarouge et recouvrant le dispositif, le boîtier (200) comprend une base (210) et un capuchon (220) ayant une ouverture (221) traversée par le rayonnement, le capteur (100) est logé dans le boîtier sur la base (210) et recouvert par le capuchon (220), ayant une partie saillante (222) dont un bord est situé à l'extérieur d'une droite reliant un bord de l'ouverture (221a) et un bord du capteur (100), et qui est formée d'un matériau ayant un coefficient de conduction thermique supérieur à celui d'un gaz situé dans le boîtier.Application notamment aux capteurs de gaz.

Device for detecting an electromagnetic radiation

The electromagnetic radiation detection device includes, on a same substrate: at least one active detector of the electromagnetic radiation provided with a first element sensitive to said radiation, at least one reference detector including a second element sensitive to said electromagnetic radiation, and a lid provided with first reflective means reflecting the incident electromagnetic radiation, said lid covering without contact the second sensitive element and defining with the substrate a cavity having the reference detector housed therein. The lid is designed to improve the sensitivity of the detection device.

Cooling device

A cooling device (1) is specified for cooling a detector element (3) disposed in the jacket cavity (4) of a Dewar vessel (4) by means of a Joule-Thomson cooler (2) with an expansion nozzle (15) that opens into an expansion chamber (16), wherein the cooling device comprises a final control element (22) that is adjustable depending on the temperature for influencing the flow through the expansion nozzle (15). It is provided here that a first temperature sensor (34) is disposed in the expansion chamber (16) and a second temperature sensor (35) is disposed within the Dewar vessel (4) outside the expansion chamber (16), and that the cooling device comprises a control device (40) that is configured for detecting a temperature gradient from the sensor values of the first temperature sensor (34) and of the second temperature sensor (35) and for adjusting the final control element (22) depending on the detected temperature gradient.

Detector of fourier transform infrared spectrometer

A detector comprises a pyroelectric detector, a temperature control mechanism including a thermoelectric heating/cooling element for keeping the temperature of the pyroelectric detector constant, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller responsive to the detection signal from the temperature sensor for controlling power supply to the thermoelectric heating/cooling element, and control unit provided within the temperature controller for starting and shutting off the power supply to the thermoelectric heating/cooling element only except for collecting data from the pyroelectric detector.

Infrared electronic thermometer and method for measuring temperature

An electronic infrared thermometer is disclosed comprising a housing forming an interior chamber, a pyroelectric sensor mounted within the chamber for sensing temperature change and generating an indicative electrical signal, means for directing infrared radiation from the object to be measured to the pyroelectric sensor, a shutter assembly for controlling the passing of infrared radiation to the pyroelectric sensor, an ambient temperature sensor for sensing ambient temperature within the interior chamber and generating an electrical signal indicative thereof, an electrical circuit for processing the electrical signals to calculate the temperature of the object to be measured, and an indicator for indicating the calculated temperature. The process for measuring the temperature of an object is also disclosed comprising shielding the pyroelectric sensor from infrared radiation from exterior to the thermometer housing, selectively exposing the pyroelectric sensor to infrared radiation substantially solely from the object to be measured to generate a first electrical signal related to the absolute temperature of the object to be measured, sensing the ambient temperature of the pyroelectric sensor and generating a second electrical signal proportional thereto, and electrically processing the first and second electrical signals to calculate the temperature of the object to be measured.

Optically transparent electromagnetic shielding assembly

光学透明的电磁屏蔽组件(10)，其包括具有可变电阻的电气连接装置(3)。该电气连接装置将覆盖透明基质(1)的导电的二维结构(2)电气连接至导电的壳体部分(101)。连接装置的电阻可调，要么是对屏蔽组件的检测系统(100)初始调节的，要么是在应用所述屏蔽组件的同时根据RF辐射强度实时调节的。

Method for manufacturing of device for detection of heat radiation comprising active microbolometre and passive microbolometre

FIELD: physics. ^ SUBSTANCE: passive microbolometre (12) comprises reflecting screen (17) and suspended membrane with function of radiation absorption, thermometre and electrical connection. Membrane is supported by at least two elements (15) of fixation installed on support substrate (16). Reflecting screen (17) may be arranged on the basis of at least one layer (18) of metal material. Screen (17) is arranged below membrane in electric contact with membrane element (13) for radiation absorption. ^ EFFECT: manufacturing of protective screen is integrated in process of passive microbolometre manufacturing. ^ 3 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 386 934 (13) C2 (51) МПК G01J 5/10 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2006134977/28, 04.03.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 04.03.2005 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2008 (45) Опубликовано: 20.04.2010 Бюл. № 11 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: ЕР 0891157 А1, 20.01.1999. ЕР 0566156 А1, 20.10.1993. ЕР 1243903 А2, 25.09.2002. RU 2121766 C1, 10.11.1998. 2 3 8 6 9 3 4 R U (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2005/000518 (04.03.2005) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 04.10.2006 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2005/085782 (15.09.2005) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Ю.Д.Кузнецову, рег.№ 595 (54) СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ УСТРОЙСТВА ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ТЕПЛОВОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО АКТИВНЫЙ МИКРОБОЛОМЕТР И ПАССИВНЫЙ МИКРОБОЛОМЕТР (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к измерительной технике. Пассивный микроболометр (12) содержит отражающий экран (17) и подвешенную мембрану с функцией поглотителя излучения, термометр и электрическое соединение. Мембрана поддерживается, по меньшей мере, двумя элементами (15) крепления, установленными на опорной подложке (16). Отражающий экран (17) может ...

Infrared sensor

Ear thermometer

An ear thermometer (E1) according to the present invention is provided with a probe (PB) that is mounted on an ear canal of a subject, and comprises an infrared sensor unit for contactless measurement of the tympanic membrane of the ear of the subject. The probe (PB) comprises: a probe body (20) that is inserted into the ear canal of the subject; a housing (10) that supports the probe body (20); and an in-ear earpiece (12) that is mounted on the probe body (20) and contacts the interior of the ear canal of the subject. The infrared sensor unit comprises a first sensor (SN1) and a second sensor (SN2) that are disposed within the probe body (20) and are disposed being separated by a prescribed distance along a direction substantially orthogonal to the tympanic membrane when the probe body (20) is inserted into the ear canal of the subject.

Imaging device and unmanned aerial vehicle

本实用新型提供了一种成像装置及无人机，成像装置包括：可见光成像单元；红外成像单元，红外成像单元的镜头与可见光成像单元的镜头朝向相同的方向；红外成像单元包括：红外探测器；隔热组件，隔热组件位于红外探测器的一侧，隔热组件用于隔离成像装置中的热量向红外探测器的传递。本实用新型提供的成像装置，将红外成像单元与可见光成像单元集成在成像装置上，并且，成像装置中的红外成像单元包括红外探测器和隔热组件，隔热组件位于红外探测器的一侧，隔热组件能够阻隔成像装置中的发热零部件向红外探测器的热传导和热辐射，从而降低成像装置中产生的热量对红外探测器的测得温度的准确性的影响。

Method and device for recording high temperatures

Heated radiation sensor

A heater (15) for a sensor (10) comprises a substrate (20), an electrically conductive heating structure (21) on the substrate (20), and one or more connecting portions (28) for electrically connecting the heating structure (21) to one or more outside terminals (14) of the sensor (10). The substrate (20) is rigid and can comprise ceramics, preferably alumina ceramics.

Apparatus and method for shielding an IR detector

A shield for an infra-red sensor said sensor being used to detect activity of an infra-red remote control device used to control an electrical device, wherein the shield prevents at least some infra-red radiation from sources other than the remote control device from reaching the sensor, while allowing substantially all infra-red signals from the remote control device which would be effective in controlling the electrical device, to reach the sensor.