Verfahren zur Messung von physikalischen Phänomenen oder chemischen Phänomenen und Vorrichtung dafür

Detektiervorrichtung für Radkraftkomponenten

Es wird eine Detektiervorrichtung für Radkraftkomponenten angegeben, um eine auf ein Rad wirkende Kraftkomponente zu detektieren. Eine Detektiervorrichtung (70) für Radkraftkomponenten weist einen zylindrischen Achsenflansch (10), einen Elektromotor (30) und eine Radeinheit (50) auf. Der Achsenflansch (10) ist mit der Achse (3) verbunden. Der Elektromotor (30) weist einen Stator (31), der an dem Achsenflansch (10) befestigt ist und um den Außenumfang in der radialen Richtung des Achsenflansches (10) angeordnet ist, sowie einen Anker (40) auf, der von dem Achsenflansch (10) drehbar gelagert und außerhalb des Stators (31) drehbar ist. Die Radeinheit (50) hält den Anker (40), ist von dem Achsenflansch (10) drehbar gelagert und durch die Kraft von dem Elektromotor (30) drehbar. Die Detektiervorrichtung (70) für Radkraftkomponenten weist ein Paar von Messeinheiten (75) auf, die jeweils einen Zylinder (71) und eine Brückenschaltung aufweisen. Der Zylinder (71) ist außerhalb von der Umfangsfläche ...

GERAET ZUM MESSEN DER AENDERUNG VERAENDERLICHER GROESSEN

Condition detection method for electrically-conductive elongate tensioning elements uses evaluation of reflection spectrum for variable frequency electromagnetic measuring signal

The condition detection method has an electromagnetic measuring signal coupled to a tensioning element (1a), with variation of the frequency of the measuring signal and evaluation of the measuring signal reflection spectrum, for determining the condition of the tensioning element in dependence on the resonance frequencies.

A force measuring cell

... 965,954. Measuring force electrically; weighing apparatus. CARL SCHENCK MASCHINENFABRIK G.m.b.H. May 11, 1962 [May 12, 1961], No. 18260/62. Headings G1N and G1W. A transducer for measuring e.g. weight, comprises a balancing lever whose angular deflection is opposed by tensioned wires which normally transmit force through the fulcrum, but are displaced by an extension of the balancing lever to produce a balancing moment. As shown (Fig. 1), a force to be measured is applied via a yoke 6 to a lever 1, fulcrumed at 15, and having an elastic extension 8 held between two rollers 10. Steel ribbon wires 13, 14 are attached between the axle pins of rollers 10 and the fulcrum 15 on either side of a pin 7 fixed in the lever assembly 1, 8. When a force is applied to the yoke 6 to move it down, the lever 1 is deflected, producing balancing moments about the fulcrum by the wire 13 pressing against the pin 7, and by the stress in the deformed extension 8, the latter being measured by strain gauges 9 on ...

Improved devices for measuring force electrically

... 557,675. Electric tests. ZIEBOLZ, H. Nov. 20, 1942, No. 16481. [Class 37] [Also in Group XXXVIII) A force (e.g. a weight) to be measured deflects a lever 10 which by means of a magnet 12 or a charged plate deflects a cathode beam to vary the current in a coil G carried by the lever and co-operating with coils R, S and so counteract the force. As shown, the coils R, S are in series with the coil G and the counter-force is proportional to the square of the current, the applied force being proportion to the square of the rate of flow of fluid in a conduit 39. The instrument 31 can thus be graduated to show the rate of flow. Quantity may be registered by a watt-hour meter 42. In other arrangements, the coil G or the coils R, S carry an adjustable steady current or the latter coils are replaced by a permanent magnet and the force is provided by reaction between a pair of fixed coils carrying a current to be measured and a coil mounted on the lever and carrying an adjustable fixed current or ...

Gripping force measuring device

FERROISCHES BAUELEMENT

Messanordnung für eine Formgebungsmaschine

Messanordnung (6) für eine Formgebungsmaschine mit - einer Messmembran (1), welche durch eine Krafteinwirkung verformbar ist, - einem Messgerät (2) zum messtechnischen Erfassen einer Verformung der Messmembran (1) unter Ausgabe von einem Messsignal (7), sowie - einer mit dem Messgerät (2) verbunden Auswertevorrichtung (3), - welche Auswertevorrichtung (3) dazu ausgebildet ist, im Rahmen einer ersten Kalibrierung (k1) das aus der Verformung der Messmembran (1) mit einer Kraft aus einem ersten Kraftwertebereich stammende Messsignal (7) in ein erstes Ausgabesignal (8) umzuwandeln, wobei sich das erste Ausgabesignal (8) in einem vorab definierten Wertebereich befindet, wobei die Auswertevorrichtung (3) dazu ausgebildet ist, im Rahmen zumindest einer zweiten Kalibrierung (k2,…, kn) das aus der Verformung der Messmembran (1) mit einer Kraft aus einem zweiten, vom ersten Kraftwertebereich verschiedenen Kraftwertebereich stammende Messsignal (7) in ein zweites Ausgabesignal (8) umzuwandeln, wobei ...

Device for the measurement of the write printing of a test subject

Lift device load sensing systems and methods

A lift device (10, 310) includes a base, a retractable lift mechanism (20,320), a work platform (22), and a lift controller. The retractable lift mechanism is moveable between an extended position and a retracted position. The work platform is configured to support a load and is coupled to and supported by the retractable lift mechanism. The linear actuator (26, 326) is configured to selectively move the retractable lift mechanism between the extended position and the retracted position. The linear actuator has an electric motor (34) and an electromagnetic brake (50). The lift controller is in communication with the linear actuator. First an actuator force applied by the linear actuator to the work platform is determined based on the motor torque. Then, the load supported by the work platform is determined based on actuator force and height of the platform. In another embodiment, the linear actuator includes a push tube (38) assembly and the load supported by the work platform is further ...

Temperature compensating transparent force sensor having a compliant layer

An optically transparent force sensor that may compensate for environmental effects, including, for example, variations in temperature of the device or the surroundings. In some examples, two force-sensitive layers are separated by a compliant layer. The relative electrical response of the two force-sensitive layers may be used to compute an estimate of the force of a touch that reduces the effect of variations in temperature. In some examples, piezoelectric films having anisotropic strain properties are used to reduce the effects of temperature.

DISPLACEMENT AND FORCE SENSOR

An apparatus for measuring the displacement of visco-elastoplastic media below a surface thereof comprises an upper plate mounted such that a displacement force exerted on the top surface thereof will move the upper plate a displacement distance downward toward a base. Guides maintain the upper plate and the base in alignment such that movement is along a displacement axis. A calibrated bias element exerts a calibrated bias force resisting movement of the upper plate toward the base. A displacement measuring device measures the displacement distance, and is operative to generate a movement signal corresponding to the displacement distance. A data acquisition system is operative to receive and record the movement signal, and calculate the displacement force exerted on the top surface of the upper plate required to move the upper plate the displacement distance against the calibrated bias force.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING THE FORCE GENERATED BY A MOTOR AS A FUNCTION OF AN EXTERNAL LOAD IMPOSED THEREON

ARRESTER TEMPERATURE MONITOR

An instrumented electric power arrester includes a temperature sensor, wireless transmitter, and a visual over-temperature indicator. A disk shaped module, a replacement varister block, or a dummy block containing the sensor/transmitter is placed between varister blocks inside the arrester housing. A strap-on module is attached to the outside of the arrester housing. The sensor/transmitter utilizes a harvesting power supply that draws electric power for the electronics from the power line protected by the arrester. An ambient temperature sensor may be utilized to enhance accuracy. The temperature sensor/transmitter typically sends arrester monitoring data wirelessly to an RTU or handheld unit located outside the arrester, which relays the monitoring data to an operations control center that scheduled replacement of the arrester based on the monitoring data. A surge counter keeps track of the number of equipment and lightening related temperature surges experienced by the arrester.

SCISSOR LIFT LOAD SENSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A lift device (10, 310) includes a base, a retractable lift mechanism (20,320), a work platform (22), and a lift controller. The retractable lift mechanism is moveable between an extended position and a retracted position. The work platform is configured to support a load and is coupled to and supported by the retractable lift mechanism. The linear actuator (26, 326) is configured to selectively move the retractable lift mechanism between the extended position and the retracted position. The linear actuator has an electric motor (34) and an electromagnetic brake (50). The lift controller is in communication with the linear actuator. First an actuator force applied by the linear actuator to the work platform is determined based on the motor torque. Then, the load supported by the work platform is determined based on actuator force and height of the platform. In another embodiment, the linear actuator includes a push tube (38) assembly and the load supported by the work platform is further ...

Elektronische Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung einer mechanischen Grösse in eine elektrische Grösse.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und Anzeige des Wertes einer unbekannten Grösse

Kraftmessdose

Belastungsmesser

Vorrichtung zur Messung des Schreibdruckes einer Versuchsperson

Einrichtung zur Vorschubkrafteinstellung an Werkzeugen von Ultraschall-Werkzeugmaschinen

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen der von einem Motor entwickelten Kraft

WEDGE-SHAPED OR CONICAL SENSOR FOR POWER MEASUREMENT.

DETECTOR RECEIVING SET, IN PARTICULAR OF TEMPERATURE OR CONSTRAINT SE DEVELOPING IN A MATERIAL POLARIZES

Process and apparatus for the measurement of a size

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR the MEASUREMENT Of AT LEAST a COMPONENT OF the EFFORTS EXERT ON a BEAM

METHODS OF ANALYZING PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION ROW BY ROW

The present invention provides a method of calculating an average moment arm row by row, comprising measuring the pressure an object exerts on a pressure sensor matrix, obtaining the pressure values and moment arms for each sensor of the sensor matrix in a time sequence, and calculating an average moment arm for each row of the sensor matrix, to reveal a row of sensors whose pressure is distributed farthest from or closest to the reference axis over time. The present invention also provides a method of calculating a percentage of average moment arm row by row to reveal the relative pressure distribution in a row between the sensors sensing pressure closest to and farthest from the reference axis. The present invention further provides a method of calculating a change of average moment arm and a change of percentage of average moment arm over time row by row.

Strain measuring system

This invention relates to strain measuring systems. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the system comprises four (4) strain responsive tubes arranged in bridge fashion and carrying a fluid stream under pressure. As strain deforms the tubes the fluid flow is changed proportionate to the strain.

Tactile sensors

An electroactive polymer is used to produce a tactile sensor. The electroactive polymer (EAP) includes a sheet of an ion-exchange membrane having opposite surfaces on which are plated gold electrodes. The EAP is formed to have a dome-shape with a plurality of sensing electrodes circumferentially disposed around an outer surface of the dome. A flexible polymer underlying the EAP supports it and prevents a force applied to the tactile sensor from inverting the dome. The sensor electrodes produce separate output signals indicative of different vector components of an applied force acting on the tactile sensor, so that a direction of the force can be determined. Vias provided in the electrodes are electrically coupled to a flexible circuit that conveys the output signals externally from the sensing electrodes for use and further processing. A plurality of the tactile sensors can be formed as an array on an ion-exchange membrane.

FERROUS COMPONENT

Sliding contact mechanical/electrical displacement transducer

Displacement measuring apparatus for measuring the displacement and movement of an object includes an array of sensors having an operative surface and circuitry for producing an electrical output signal whose value is dependent upon the disposition of an electrical/magnetic field producing member along the sensor array. The field producing member is disposed to contact and slide over the operative surface as the object whose displacement is to be measured is moved. The value of the electrical output signal produced by the circuitry is thus dependent upon the position of the field producing member along the sensor array and thus by the position and movement of the object. ...

Force sensor, temperature sensor and temperature/force sensor device with lateral electron cold emission

METHOD OF DETECTING A MAGNITUDE OF A LOAD APPLIED TO A HOISTING MOTOR IN A MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEM, METHOD OF DETERMINING A MAGNITUDE OF A LOAD APPLIED TO A MATRIAL HANDLING SYSTEM WHEN THE LOAD IS LIFTED USING A PLURALITY OF HOISTING MOTORS AND MOTOR DRIVE

ЗАКРЕПЛЯЕМАЯ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ СИСТЕМА МОНИТОРИНГА

... 1. Закрепляемая на поверхности система мониторинга для осуществления мониторинга нагружения элемента конструкции, причем закрепляемая на поверхности система мониторинга содержит:массив датчиков, содержащий множество преобразователей силы, расположенных в виде сетки с переменным шагом на поверхности элемента конструкции, причем преобразователи силы выполнены с возможностью измерения величины внешней силы и предоставления сигнала, характеризующего величину внешней силы;модуль анализа данных (DAM), содержащий процессор, накопитель и передатчик, причем DAM коммуникационно связан с массивом датчиков и выполнен с возможностью:опроса массива датчиков с регулярным интервалом в менее чем 1 с;записи сигнала величины силы для каждого преобразователя в циклический буфер памяти в накопителе;сравнения величины силы каждого преобразователя с первым пороговым значением величины силы для этого датчика;при обнаружении, что величина силы какого-либо датчика является большей, чем пороговое значение величины ...

Force effect spatial-resolution detection device for use during e.g. clamping protection of electric window lift, has signal processing device determining position of effect along waveguide based on time difference between time points

The device (100) has a waveguide (110) whose dielectric includes elastic material. A time-domain reflectometry system (120) is coupled to the waveguide. A signal processing device (130) is coupled to the reflectometry system. The signal processing device is designed to determine a position (104) of a force effect (102) along the waveguide based on a time difference (106) between a time point (182) of coupling of a signal from the reflectometry system into the waveguide and a time point (184) of receiving of reflection of the signal. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for spatial-resolution detection of a force effect (2) a computer program having a set of instructions to perform a method for spatial-resolution detection of a force effect.

Wedge-shaped or conical force measuring element - measures forces perpendicular to sensor surfaces during application and in steady state, e.g. for monitoring machine tools

A wedge-shaped or conical force sensor enables force to be measured in the process of being applied as well as during the fixed state. The extension force (F) can be measured during the force (P) application process, e.g. up to the fracture point. The sensor has two wedge surfaces at an angle for measuring forces perpendicular to them resulting from the application of the force and, during the applied state, from force variations caused by external forces. USE/ADVANTAGE - For measuring forces perpendicular to sensor surfaces in monitoring of machine tools, robots, etc. with simple sensor application.

Halbleitersensor.

Ice detection method and system for wind turbine blades

PRESSURE OR LOAD INDICATION

... 1480746 Measuring pressure or force electrically R J SAVAGE 10 Dec 1974 [10 Dec 1973] 57223/73 Headings G1N and G1W Apparatus for measuring an incident load or pressure acting on a structure includes a first member 3 for connection to the structure and a second, saucer-shaped, member 2 with its convex base facing away from the structure to receive said incident load or pressure, and its rim bearing against the first member 3 so that the second member 2 is able to deform elastically substantially freely under said load or pressure, and transducer means 7 coupled to the first and/or second member for producing an electrical signal indicative of the deformation of the second member. The transducer means 7 may be electrical resistance strain gauges or silicon chip strain gauges mounted symmetrically on the first and second members 3, 2 and connected to a bridge circuit or other measuring circuit. Alternatively the transducer may be a vibrating wire stretched between diametrically opposite points ...

Apparatus for measuring a force applied to a resilient member

A device for measuring small units of force or weight, such as the tracking force of a phonograph cartridge, includes an elastic flexure member having an electric contact for engagement with an encoder. As the flexure member is deflected by an amount proportional to the force being measured, contacts on the encoder are sequentially activated to provide an electric signal used to drive on analog, digital or numeric visual display or readout of the measured force. The device of the invention may also include a mechanism for providing a second point of support for the flexure member and a second visual scale to provide a greater range of measurement.

FORCE SENSOR

FERROISCHES BAUELEMENT

ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCER WITH SLIDING CONTACT.

MECHANICAL-ELECTRICAL TRANSDUCER FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF A SHIFT.

CONNECTED PLASTIC/TEXTILE SHEET

La présente invention concerne une feuille (1) comprenant un support (2) en un matériau électriquement non conducteur et au moins un fil capteur(3) associé audit support, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil réagit électriquement à une contrainte extérieure.

PRESSURE SENSOR

A sensor suitable for measuring the pressure applied by a bandage is provided. The sensor comprises an elongate strip having a sensor region. The sensor region comprises: a base plate; a top plate; a compressible spacer positioned between the base plate and the top plate and, an electronic sensing apparatus configured to detect distance between the top plate and the base plate. The top plate is arranged to compress the compressible spacer and arranged such that the bandage exerts a force on the surface of the top plate perpendicular to the surface when the sensor is positioned between the bandage and a limb.

PRESSURE SENSOR PACKAGE WITH STRESS ISOLATION FEATURES

A sensor package includes a manifold and a MEMS die. The manifold includes a cylindrical body, a flange, and a mounting surface. The cylindrical body defines a first passage that extends longitudinally along a central axis from a first exterior end to an interior end of the cylindrical body. The flange extends from the cylindrical body and has an outer periphery that is configured to support a print circuit board. The mounting surface is disposed at the interior end of the first passage. The surface area of the mounting surface is less than the surface area of a MEMS die configured to mate with the mounting surface.

MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER

Displacement measuring apparatus for measuring the displacement and movement of an object includes a sensor having an operative surface and circuitry for producing an electrical output signal whose value is dependent upon the area of the operative surface covered by an electrical/magnetic field producing member. The apparatus also includes an elongate, flexible band capable of producing an electric/magnetic field, where the band is attached at one end to the sensor to roll over and cover or unroll from over and uncover the operative surface as the object whose displacement is to be measured is moved. The value of the electrical output signal produced by the circuitry is thus dependent upon the area of the operative surface covered by the band and thus by the position and movement of the object.

FIELD-BASED MOVEMENT SENSOR

Magnetic load sensor for direct acting actuator, and direct acting actuator

Provided is a magnetic load sensor that can detect, at a high accuracy, the magnitude of a load applied by a direct acting actuator, said load being in the axis direction. A magnetic load sensor (1) for a direct acting actuator detects the magnitude of a load in the axis direction, said load being applied to a friction pad (22) by a direct acting actuator (14). The magnetic load sensor is configured of a magnetic target (4), which generates a magnetic field, and a magnetic sensor (5), which is disposed such that the relative position of the magnetic sensor with respect to the magnetic target (4) changes corresponding to the load in the axis direction.

The wheel component force detection device

Apparatus for measuring variable quantities

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF POUR LA MESURE D'AU MOINS UNE COMPOSANTE DES EFFORTS EXERCES SUR UNE POUTRE

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA MESURE D'AU MOINS UNE COMPOSANTE DES EFFORTS EXERCES SUR UNE POUTRE. CE PROCEDE CONSISTE A CHOISIR : -UN TRONCON T LIMITE PAR DEUX PLANS A ET B PERPENDICULAIRE A LA FIBRE NEUTRE; -UNE DROITE A DANS UN PLAN D PERPENDICULAIRE A LA FIBRE NEUTRE ET PASSANT PAR LE CENTRE INSTANTANE DE ROTATION DU PLAN B PAR RAPPORT AU PLAN A; AU MOINS UN GROUPE DE POINTS D ET E SITUES SUR UNE DROITE B PARALLELE A A DANS LE PLAN D, ET RESPECTIVEMENT SOLIDARISES AUX PLANS A ET B. LA MESURE DE LA COMPOSANTE PARALLELE A LA DROITE A DES DEPLACEMENTS DE D PAR RAPPORT A E PERMET D'OBTENIR LA SUSDITE COMPOSANTE. CE RESULTAT EST INDEPENDANT DE LA POSITION DE LA RESULTANTE DES EFFORTS APPLIQUES A LA POUTRE PAR RAPPORT AU POINT DE MESURE.

DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING FORCE

FIELD BASED MOVEMENT SENSOR

Apparatus and method for sensing bending of a flexible display using mutual inductance

sistema de monitoramento montado em superfície

Mooring line monitoring system, mooring management system, mooring line monitoring method, and mooring management method

This mooring line monitoring system is configured of: an extension rate detection device 20 which detects an extension rate [beta]m of a fiber rope forming a mooring line 30 when a ship 1 is moored to a pier 2 by using the mooring line 30; and a control device 43 which calculates the tension Tm of the mooring line 30 from the detection values [alpha]m, [beta]m of the extension rate detection device 20. Thus, with a relatively simple configuration, the tension of the mooring line is detected and breakage of the mooring line is predicted and avoided at all times even in any one among mooring work using a mooring line, mooring work completion, and during mooring.

Tunneling effect element and physical quantity to electrical quantity transducer

This invention provides a tunneling effect element that has versatility and that does not receive the effects of drift due to differences in the thermal-expansion coefficient of the lower and upper electrodes, and is not easily affected by external magnetic fields. The disclosed tunneling effect element 1 comprises: an insulating layer 11 that forms a tunneling barrier, a lower electrode 12 that is conductive and is formed on the bottom surface of the insulating layer 11, an upper electrode 13 that is conductive and is formed on the top surface of the insulating layer 11, and a transmission member 5 that is formed around the insulating layer 11, lower electrode 12 and upper electrode 13, and transmits the behavior of the object to be detected to the insulating layer 11.

Differential floating dual slope converter

For use in an electronic weighing or force measuring system having a load cell providing an output signal representing measured force or weight, a ratiometric analog-to-digital converter operative with a low level differential input signal from the load cell and providing differential sensing of load cell excitation for use as a reference signal and generation of any required offset signal.

Device for transmitting force

The invention relates to a device for transmitting force, comprising a movable means which receives the force to be transmitted and produces an electric current depending on the value of the said force, a movable coil fed by this electric current and rotating according to an angle depending on its value, a spring mechanically connected, on the one hand, to the means which receives the force and, on the other, to the movable coil, the coupling forced on the spring from the movable coil being opposed to the displacement of the movable means which receives the force.

Method of producing conductive patterns of nanoparticles and devices made thereof

A method of processing a liquid material. The method includes mixing a liquid material with a solvent, wherein the solvent has a constituent capable of coating the particles of the material. The liquid material mixed with the solvent is then particlized, deposited on a substrate and activated to form a pre-defined electrically conductive pattern. Particlization methods include sonication and the deposition methods include ink-jet printing. Activation methods include applying mechanical pressure. The method can be used to produce electronic devices. The electronic devices made by the method include strain gauges. The substrates utilized for making the electronic devices utilizing the method can be wearable or stretchable or both.

Micro electro-mechanical strain displacement sensor and system for monitoring health and usage of a structure

A low power consumption multi-contact micro electro-mechanical strain/displacement sensor and miniature autonomous self-contained systems for recording of stress and usage history with direct output suitable for fatigue and load spectrum analysis are provided. In aerospace applications the system can assist in prediction of fatigue of a component subject to mechanical stresses as well as in harmonizing maintenance and overhauls intervals. In alternative applications, i.e. civil structures, general machinery, marine and submarine vessels, etc., the system can autonomously record strain history, strain spectrum or maximum values of the strain over a prolonged period of time using an internal power supply or a power supply combined with an energy harvesting device. The sensor is based on MEMS technology and incorporates a micro array of flexible micro or nano-size cantilevers. The system can have extremely low power consumption while maintaining precision and temperature/humidify independence ...

Mechanical/electrical displacement transducer

SENSING TRANSDUCER WITH INCREASED OUTPUT SIGNAL VOLTAGE USING SCHOTTKY JUNCTION, AND PRESSURE DETECTING METHOD

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pressure transducer, and its manufacturing method, which is manufactured at a cost lower than that of the conventional system, while no amplification of output signal is required before signal processing. SOLUTION: A sensing transducer 10 and its manufacturing method, uses a Schottky junction 12 having a conductive layer 16 disposed on a semiconductor substrate 14 is used. The conductive layer 16 is formed by a reaction between a normal metal and a part of the semiconductor substrate 14. One example of the conductive layer 16 is a metal silicide layer. In one pressure sensing method, substantially a constant reverse current is applied to the Schottky junction 12. Since the change in reverse output voltage of the junction 12 is proportional to the pressure change applied on the junction 12 itself, it can also be used to sense pressure. Since the output voltage change is significantly higher than that obtained with prior pressure transducer, the output signal ...

РАЗРЯДНИК ЗАЩИТЫ ОТ ПЕРЕНАПРЯЖЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ВЫСОКИХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ

Разрядник (1) для защиты от перенапряжений при высоких напряжениях имеет высоковольтный разъем, который соединен с образующим нелинейное сопротивление блоком (3) разрядника, а также имеет температурный сенсор (13) для регистрации температуры блока (3) разрядника. Сенсор (13) постоянно обеспечивает возможность простой и надежной регистрации температуры блока (3) разрядника во время его эксплуатации, При этом температурный сенсор (3) регистрирует изменение продольного расширения блока (3) разрядника. Технический результат - упрощение процедуры регистрации температуры находящегося под высоким напряжением блока разрядника во время его эксплуатации. 6 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

Spark erosion stress measurement system - uses strain gauges on volume element which is cut out using cylindrical electrode

A spark erosion separation method is used for experimental determination of residual stresses in samples and components of electrically conducting metallic material. The new method is combined with known strain measurement methods, pref. using strain gauges, and known theoretical elasticity evaluation techniques. Using suitably placed wire (1) or flat electrodes, volume elements of (4) the electrically conducting component surface are extracted. The elastic resilience is measured during the separation and from it the original local stress at the surface is determined using the theory of elasticity. The elastic resilience is measured during separation using strain gauges mounted on the component or sample surface.

"VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM MESSEN WENIGSTENS EINER KOMPONENTE DER AUF EINEN TRAEGER EINWIRKENDEN BELASTUNGEN"

Temperaturausgleichender transparenter Kraftsensor mit einer kompatiblen Schicht

Ein optisch transparenter Kraftsensor, der Umgebungseffekte kompensieren kann, einschließlich beispielsweise Änderungen der Temperatur der Vorrichtung oder der Umgebungen. Bei einigen Beispielen sind zwei kraftsensible Schichten durch eine kompatible Schicht getrennt. Das relative elektrische Ansprechverhalten der beiden kraftsensiblen Schichten kann verwendet werden, um einen Schätzwert der Kraft einer Berührung zu berechnen, die den Effekt von Temperaturschwankungen reduziert. Bei einigen Beispielen werden piezoelektrische Filme mit anisotropen Dehnungseigenschaften verwendet, um die Temperaturauswirkungen zu reduzieren.

FORCE MEASURING DEVICE

... 1371357 Force transducers KOMBINAT MESS-und REGELUNGSTECHNIK VEB 1 Dec 1971 55680/71 Heading G1N A force #F 1 or the difference between two forces #F 1 and #F 2 is measured by a transducer comprising three diaphragms 6,1, 1 and 6, 2 the outer diaphragms having each a rigid central portion to receive the force #F 1 or #F 2 and the inner diaphragm being connected to the armature 3 of a variable inductance. Volumes 9 and 10 are filled with liquid. #F 1 may be the apparent weight of a body (11), Fig.1 (not shown), suspended in a liquid whose level is being measured and #F 2 may be produced by a spring to compensate for the mass of the body 11. Variations in surrounding pressure do not affect the output of the transducer.

FIELD-JUSTIFIED MOVEMENT SENSOR (MESSZELLE).

Messanordnung für eine Formgebungsmaschine

Messanordnung (6) für eine Formgebungsmaschine mit - einer Messmembran (1), welche durch eine Krafteinwirkung verformbar ist, - einem Messgerät (2) zum messtechnischen Erfassen einer Verformung der Messmembran (1) unter Ausgabe von einem Messsignal (7), sowie - einer mit dem Messgerät (2) verbunden Auswertevorrichtung (3), - welche Auswertevorrichtung (3) dazu ausgebildet ist, im Rahmen einer ersten Kalibrierung (k1) das aus der Verformung der Messmembran (1) mit einer Kraft aus einem ersten Kraftwertebereich stammende Messsignal (7) in ein erstes Ausgabesignal (8) umzuwandeln, wobei sich das erste Ausgabesignal (8) in einem vorab definierten Wertebereich befindet, wobei die Auswertevorrichtung (3) dazu ausgebildet ist, im Rahmen zumindest einer zweiten Kalibrierung (k2,…, kn) das aus der Verformung der Messmembran (1) mit einer Kraft aus einem zweiten, vom ersten Kraftwertebereich verschiedenen Kraftwertebereich stammende Messsignal (7) in ein zweites Ausgabesignal (8) umzuwandeln, wobei ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING THE FORCE GENERATED BY A MOTOR AS A FUNCTION OF AN EXTERNAL LOAD IMPOSED THEREON

MICRO ELECTRO-MECHANICAL STRAIN DISPLACEMENT SENSOR AND USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM

A low power consumption multi-contact micro electro-mechanical strain/displacement sensor and miniature autonomous self-contained systems for recording of stress and usage history with direct output suitable for fatigue and load spectrum analysis are provided. In aerospace applications the system can assist in prediction of fatigue of a component subject to mechanical stresses as well as in harmonizing maintenance and overhauls intervals. In alternative applications, i.e. civil structures, general machinery, marine and submarine vessels, etc., the system can autonomously record strain history, strain spectrum or maximum values of the strain over a prolonged period of time using an internal power supply or a power supply combined with an energy harvesting device. The sensor is based on MEMS technology and incorporates a micro array of flexible micro or nano-size cantilevers. The system can have extremely low power consumption while maintaining precision and temperature/humidify independence ...

TRANSISTOR MOS HAS DEFORMABLE GRID

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE MESURE DE FORCE POUR LA COMMANDE DU RELEVEUR D'UN TRACTEUR AGRICOLE

LE PROCEDE PREVOIT QUE LE DEPLACEMENT RELATIF D'UN POINT D'UN SYSTEME ELASTIQUE EST DETECTE PAR AU MOINS UN DETECTEUR DE HALL DIPOSE DANS UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE DE FLUX PREDETERMINABLE. LE DISPOSITIF COMPREND AU MOINS UNE TIGE DE FLEXION B QUI EST SOUMISE A UN MOMENT DE FLEXION PAR LA PAIRE DE BRAS OSCILLANTS INFERIEURS U ET LA SURFACE DETECTRICE DU DETECTEUR DE HALL 102 QUI EST UTILISE DANS CE DISPOSITIF EST DISPOSEE ESSENTIELLEMENT DANS LE PLAN PRINCIPAL DE LA FLEXION DE LA TIGE DE FLEXION B, LE DETECTEUR DE HALL ETANT RACCORDE AU CIRCUIT DE REGULATION DU RELEVEUR.

CAPTEUR DE PRESSION A SEMI-CONDUCTEURS

L'invention concerne les appareils de mesure à semi-conducteurs. Le capteur faisant l'objet de l'invention est caractérisé notamment en ce que son corps solide 1 à base d'une solution solide AB1-x Cx se composant de deux matières servi-conductrices AB et AC dont la première possède une bande interdite pour polarisation inverse, est une structure semi-conductrice comprenant deux groupes de couches alternantes 2, 3 pour lesquelles les valeurs absolues de x sont différentes et dont chacun comprend au moins une couche 2, 3 et a une même valeur de x. Le capteur en question peut être utilisé notamment pour la mesure de la pression dans les puits de forage et dans les pipelines, canalisations ou analogues, dans les systèmes hydrauliques et pneumatiques des avions, etc ...

MECHANICAL-TO-ELECTRICAL TRANSDUCER

Strain gauge, with electrolytic process, in particular for great lengthenings, for example of elastic materials

감시장치

... 지지장치(50)는 대상물(2)을 사이에 두고 배치된 피스톤로드(53) 및 고정부재(60)와, 고정부재(60)의 대상물(2)측에 설치된 탄성부재(70)를 구비한다. 감시장치(1)는 열유속센서(10) 및 검출부(20)를 구비한다. 열유속센서(10)는 피스톤로드(53)의 이동에 의해 피스톤로드(53)와 고정부재(60) 사이에 대상물(2)이 지지될 때, 피스톤로드(53)로부터 인가되는 하중에 의해 압축되는 탄성부재(70)와 고정부재(60) 사이로 흐르는 열유속에 따른 신호를 출력한다. 검출부(20)는 열유속센서(10)가 출력한 신호에 기초하여, 지지장치(50)에 의한 대상물(2)의 지지상태 또는 대상물(2)의 크기를 검출한다.

MICRO/NANO-MECHANICAL TEST SYSTEM EMPLOYING TENSILE TEST HOLDER WITH PUSH-TO-PULL TRANSFORMER

A micromachined or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based push-to-pull mechanical transformer for tensile testing of micro-to-nanometer scale material samples including a first structure and a second structure. The second structure is coupled to the first structure by at least one flexible element that enables the second structure to be moveable relative to the first structure, wherein the second structure is disposed relative to the first structure so as to form a pulling gap between the first and second structures such that when an external pushing force is applied to and pushes the second structure in a tensile extension direction a width of the pulling gap increases so as to apply a tensile force to a test sample mounted across the pulling gap between a first sample mounting area on the first structure and a second sample mounting area on the second structure.

FORCE DETECTING SENSOR AND METHOD OF MAKING

A force detecting microsensor (12) comprises a single crystal Si substrate (14), a single crystal cone (16) formed on the substrate (14) and a resilient electrode mounted above the tip of the Si cone (16). The space between the tip of the Si cone (16) and the resilient electrode is maintained in a vacuum environment and the distance between the tip and the resilient anode is in the order of a few atomic diameters. The tunneling effect of electrons occurs between the tip of the Si cone (16) and the resilient electrode when a potential is applied to the resilient electrode and the Si cone tip. The resilient electrode deflects as a result of the force acting on the microsensor (12) which alters the electrical characteristics between the resilient electrode and the Si cone tip. The changes in the electrical characteristics can be measured to determine the level of force acting on the microsensor (12). The process for making the microsensor (12) according to the invention comprises the steps ...

Mechanical/electrical displacement transducer

Displacement measuring apparatus for measuring the displacement and movement of an object includes a sensor having an operative surface and circuitry for producing an electrical output signal whose value is dependent upon the area of the operative surface covered by an electrical/magnetic field producing member. The apparatus also includes an elongate, flexible band capable of producing an electric/magnetic field, where the band is attached at one end to the sensor to roll over and cover or unroll from over and uncover the operative surface as the object whose displacement is to be measured is moved. The value of the electrical output signal produced by the circuitry is thus dependent upon the area of the operative surface covered by the band and thus by the position and movement of the object.

PRESSURE SENSORS ON FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATES FOR STRESS DECOUPLING

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip including a substrate having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to the first surface; and a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) element, including a sensitive area, disposed at the first surface of the substrate. The semiconductor device further includes at least one electrical interconnect structure electrically connected to the first surface of the substrate, and a flexible carrier electrically connected to the at least one electrical interconnect structure, where the flexible carrier wraps around the semiconductor chip and extends over the second surface of the substrate such that a folded cavity is formed around the semiconductor chip.

Kraftwandler, Temperaturwandler und Temperatur/Kraft Wandlervorrichtung mit lateraler kalter Elektronenemission

Belastungs- und Verformungssensor für elastische Bauteile

Vorrichtung (1, 101, 101, 101, 101) zur Erfassung einer Relativposition eines ersten Punktes eines elastisch verformbaren Körpers (103, 103, 103, 103) und eines von dem ersten Punkt beabstandeten zweiten Punktes des elastisch verformbaren Körpers (103, 103, 103, 103), umfassend zumindest einen mitnahmesicher mit dem ersten Punkt verbundenen Signalgeber (3, 109, 109, 109, 109) und zumindest einen mitnahmesicher mit dem zweiten Punkt verbundenen Sensor (5, 111, 111, 111, 111), wobei der Signalgeber (109, 109, 109, 109) zumindest einen Permanentmagneten (3) und der Sensor (111, 111, 111, 111) zumindest einen Messwertaufnehmer (5) zur Erfassung elektromagnetischer Signale umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Permanentmagnet (3) derartig ausgerichtet ist, dass ein erster Pol (7) an dem dem Sensor (5) zugewandten ersten Ende des Permanentmagneten (3) angeordnet ist und der dem ersten Pol (7) entgegengesetzte zweite Pol (9) an dem dem Sensor (5) abgewandten Ende des Permanentmagneten (3) ...

Temperaturkompensierender transparenter Kraftsensor mit einer konformen Schicht

Ein optisch transparenter Kraftsensor, der Umgebungseffekte ausgleichen kann, einschließlich, beispielsweise, Veränderungen der Temperatur der Vorrichtung oder der Umgebung. In einigen Beispielen sind zwei kraftempfindliche Schichten durch eine konforme Schicht voneinander getrennt. Die relative elektrische Antwort der beiden kraftempfindlichen Schichten kann verwendet werden, um eine Einschätzung der Kraft einer Berührung zu berechnen, die den Einfluss von Veränderungen der Temperatur reduziert. In einigen Beispielen werden piezoelektrische Schichten mit anisotropen Belastungseigenschaften verwendet, um die Einflüsse der Temperatur zu reduzieren.

Überspannungsableiter für hohe Spannungen

Um einen Überspannungsableiter (1) für hohe Spannungen mit einem Hochspannungsanschluss, der mit einem einen nichtlinearen Widerstand bildenden Ableiterblock (3) verbunden ist, und einem Temperatursensor (13) zum Erfassen der Temperatur des Ableiterblocks (3) zu schaffen, der eine einfache und sichere Erfassung der Temperatur des Ableiterblocks während seines Betriebs fortwährend ermöglicht, wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Temperatursensor (3) die Änderung der Längsausdehnung des Ableiterblocks (3) erfasst.

FORCE MEASUREMENT FOR TRACTOR HOIST

Gripping force measuring device

A device for measuring the force produced by a person's grip comprises a pressure detecting device 15 for being compressed by a user, and a display 30, possibly an LCD display, coupled to the pressure detecting device 15 for displaying the force applied thereto by the user. The device may comprise a trigger 20, for gripping with the fingers, which is engaged with the pressure detecting device 15. The trigger 20 may include an arm 22 which extends externally of the device and which may be gripped with a thumb and fore finger. The device may include a thermometer 13. In an alternate embodiment (see figure 20) the device may include a bladder (70, figure 20) surrounded by a pair of casing members (91, figure 20) each having a flap (92, figure 20) extending there from. The flaps 92 can be squeezed by a user to provide a force on the bladder 70. The device may also include a pump (75, figure 20) coupled to the bladder 70 to provide the required pressure thereto. A valve (77, figure 20) may be ...

Monitoring bending strain of wind turbine blades

Method and system of monitoring bending strain on a wind turbine blade 5, where the method comprises locating at least three strain sensors 20, such as a Fibre Bragg Grating sensor, on the turbine blade such that edgewise and flapwise bending can be determined from strain measurements provided by the sensors, calculating a plurality of resultant bending strains using the strain measurements, calculating an average resultant bending strain from the plurality of resultant bending strains and calculating a confidence value for a first sensor based on a comparison of resultant bending strains derived from the strain measurement from the first sensor with the average resultant bending strain. Preferably the individual strain measurements are converted into bending moments before calculating resultant bending moment and average resultant bending moment. The confidence value may be based on an absolute difference between the resultant bending strains derived from measurement from the first sensor ...

MECHANICAL-ELECTRICAL TRANSDUCER FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF A SHIFT

Ultrananocrystalline diamond cantilever wide dynamic range acceleration/vibration/pressure sensor

WEARABLE ELECTRONIC BELT DEVICE

A belt wearable by a human subject includes a variety of sensors that collect information about the wearer, the wearer's environment, and the wearer's movements. A communication interface on the belt allows sensor data collected by the belt to be transferred to a storage server. In some examples, the communication interface is a Wi-Fi interface, a cellular interface, or a removable memory interface. The data is processed to identify activities performed by the wearer such as walking, driving, and working at heights. In some examples, events such as aggressive driving events, slips and falls, and unsafe lifting are detected. In some examples, this information is used to generate reports that allow an employer to manage the productivity and safety of a workforce.

FORCE DETECTING SENSOR AND METHOD OF MAKING

A force detecting microsensor comprises a single crystal Si substrate, a single crystal cone formed on the substrate and a resilient electrode mounted above the tip of the Si cone. The space between the tip of the Si cone and the resilient electrode is maintained in a vacuum environment and the distance betwe en the tip and the resilient anode is in the order of a few atomic diameters. The tunneling effect of electrons occurs between the tip of the Si cone and the resi lient electrode when a potential is applied to the resilient electrode and the Si cone tip. The resilient electrode deflects as a result of the force acting on the microsen sor. The deflection of the resilient electrode alters the electrical characteristics between the resilient electrode and the Si cone tip. The changes in the electrical characteristics can be measured to determine the level of force acting on the microsensor. The process for making the microsensor according to the invention comprises the steps of forming ...

High temperature strain sensor

An example sensor that includes a first Schottky diode, a second Schottky diode and an integrated circuit. The sensor further includes a voltage generator that generates a first voltage across the first Schottky diode and a second voltage across the second Schottky diode. When the first Schottky diode and the second Schottky diode are subjected to different strain, the integrated circuit measures the values of the currents flowing through the first Schottky diode and the second Schottky diode to determine the strain on an element where the first Schottky diode and the second Schottky diode are attached.

Input detecting apparatus, and associated method, for electronic device

An apparatus, and an associated method, forms a user interface permitting input of input instructions to an electronic device. Input commands are evidence by tactile input forces applied to a force receiving surface. Force sensing elements are positioned to sense indications of the tactile input force. The force sensing element is caused to exhibit a selected input parameter value through application of a selected force thereto by application of a tightening torque to a fastener positioned in proximity to the force sensing element.

PRESSURE-SENSITIVE SENSOR, AND GRIP APPARATUS AND ROBOT MANIPULATOR EQUIPPED WITH THE SAME

A pressure-sensitive conductive rubber for reference is provided inside a housing in such a state that preload is imposed thereon. A pressure-sensitive conductive rubber for detection is also provided inside the housing in such a state that preload is imposed thereon and an external load acts thereon. A load detecting circuit applies voltage to the pressure-sensitive conductive rubbers to determine the external load based on a difference between a detected value corresponding to electric current flowing through the pressure-sensitive conductive rubber for reference and a detected value corresponding to electric current flowing through the pressure-sensitive conductive rubber for detection. 1. A pressure-sensitive sensor comprising:a first pressure-sensitive conductive rubber provided inside a housing in such a state that preload is imposed thereon;a second pressure-sensitive conductive rubber provided inside the housing in such a state that the preload is imposed thereon and an external load acts thereon; anda load detecting portion for applying voltage to the first and second pressure-sensitive conductive rubbers to determine the external load based on a difference between a first detected value corresponding to electric current flowing through the first pressure-sensitive conductive rubber and a second detected value corresponding to electric current flowing through the second pressure-sensitive conductive rubber.2. The pressure-sensitive sensor according to claim 1 , further comprisinga biasing portion for pressing the first and second pressure-sensitive conductive rubbers integrally against an inner wall surface of the housing to impose the preload on the first and second pressure-sensitive conductive rubbers.3. The pressure-sensitive sensor according to claim 2 , wherein the biasing portion has a movable member provided inside the housing to be movable claim 2 , and an elastic member for biasing the movable member in a direction in which the movable member is ...

Pressure detection device

A pressure testing device for calculating a pressure in a flexible line comprises a housing unit, a force sensor mounted on the housing unit and a clamp assembly having a clamp mounted on the housing unit. The clamp is operable to compress the flexible line against the force sensor by a predetermined degree of deformation of the flexible line. The device includes a displacement sensor adapted to measure a displacement of the clamp. The device also includes a controller having a processor in communication with the force sensor and the displacement sensor, and a memory unit containing stored data. At the predetermined degree of deformation of the flexible line, the processor compares a first signal from the force sensor and a second signal from the displacement senor with the stored data to estimate the pressure within the flexible line.

PRESSURE SENSOR WITH INTERCONNECTOR HAVING A COMPLIANT PIN ASSEMBLY

A pin and circuit board assembly includes at least three pins (). Each pin includes a first end () and a second end (). All of the first ends of the pins are arranged on a common plane. The second ends of at least two of the pins are disposed on the common plane and a second end of at least one of the pins, other than the two pins, are disposed on a second plane that is offset from the common plane. The second end of each pin is spaced apart from a second end of another pin substantially at an angle of 360/N, where N is the total number of pins. A printed circuit board (22′) includes at least three pin holes (), each arranged to receive a second end of an associated pin in a press-fit arrangement. The assembly avoids tilting of the PCB upon inserting the pins. 1. A pin and circuit board assembly comprising:a pin assembly comprising at least three pins for carrying electric current, each pin including a first end and a second end, all of the first ends of the pins being arranged on a common plane, the second ends of at least two of the pins being disposed on the common plane and a second end of at least one of the pins, other than the two pins, being disposed on a second plane that is offset from the common plane, the second end of each pin being spaced apart from a second end of another pin substantially at an angle of 360/N, where N is the total number of pins, and a printed circuit board (PCB) including at least three pin holes that are disposed apart substantially at the angle of 360/N, each pin hole receiving a second end of an associated pin in a press-fit arrangement.2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein three pins are provided.3. The assembly of claim 1 , in combination with a pressure sensing element disposed on an end of a fuel port of a pressure sensor claim 1 , the end of the fuel port being disposed in an opening in the PCB.4. The combination of claim 3 , wherein the combination further comprises an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) mounted ...

ICE DETECTION METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR WIND TURBINE BLADES

The invention provides a method and system of monitoring bending strain on a wind turbine blade. The method in one aspect comprises: locating at least three strain sensors on the turbine blade, in use each strain sensor providing a strain measurement, the strain sensors located such that edgewise and flapwise bending can be determined from the strain measurements; calculating a plurality of resultant bending strains using the strain measurements; calculating an average resultant bending strain from the plurality of resultant bending strains; and calculating a confidence value for a first sensor based on a comparison of resultant bending strains derived from the is strain measurement from the first sensor with the average resultant bending strain 1. A method of monitoring bending strain on a wind turbine blade , comprising:locating at least three strain sensors on the turbine blade, in use each strain sensor providing a strain measurement, the strain sensors located such that edgewise and flapwise bending can be determined from the strain measurements;calculating a plurality of resultant bending strains using the strain measurements;calculating an average resultant bending strain from the plurality of resultant bending strains; andcalculating a confidence value for a first sensor based on a comparison of resultant bending strains derived from the strain measurement from the first sensor with the average resultant bending strain.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the individual strain measurements are converted into bending moments before calculating resultant bending moments and average resultant bending moment.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each resultant bending strain is calculated from bending strain measurements taken from a different pair of strain sensors claim 1 , where the strain sensors in each pair provide bending strain measurements in directions non-parallel to one another.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the confidence ...

SURFACE-MOUNTED MONITORING SYSTEM

A surface mounted monitoring system is disclosed that is useful for detecting the presence of both ordinary and excessive loads on a surface, and for providing real-time or near real-time trending data. The system includes an array of force transducers disposed on the exterior surface of a structural member such as a roof. In an exemplary embodiment, transducers may be placed on an interior surface, such as embedded within insulation. The force transducers detect the magnitude of a load force acting on the surface. A data analysis module (DAM) may record force readings in a circular memory buffer, so that recent data can be recovered in the event of a catastrophic collapse. The DAM may also communicate with a monitoring device that can display real-time loading data to a user and perform other analysis. 1. A surface mounted monitoring system for monitoring loading on a structural member , the surface mounted monitoring system comprising:a sensor array comprising a plurality of force transducers disposed in an irregular grid on a surface of the structural member, the force transducers configured to measure a magnitude of an external force and provide a signal representative of the external force magnitude; poll the sensor array at a regular interval of less than one second;', 'record the force magnitude signal for each transducer in a circular memory buffer in the storage;', 'compare the force magnitude of each transducer to a first force magnitude threshold for that sensor;', 'upon detecting that the force magnitude of any sensor is greater than the force magnitude threshold for that sensor, enter a non-emergency alert state and send an alert signal on the transmitter;', 'compare the force magnitude of each transducer to a second force magnitude threshold for that sensor; and', 'upon detecting that the force magnitude of any sensor is greater than the force magnitude threshold for that sensor, enter an alarm state and send an alarm signal on the transmitter., 'a ...

MICRO/NANO-MECHANICAL TEST SYSTEM EMPLOYING TENSILE TEST HOLDER WITH PUSH-TO-PULL TRANSFORMER

A micromachined or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based push-to-pull mechanical transformer for tensile testing of micro-to-nanometer scale material samples including a first structure and a second structure. The second structure is coupled to the first structure by at least one flexible element that enables the second structure to be moveable relative to the first structure, wherein the second structure is disposed relative to the first structure so as to form a pulling gap between the first and second structures such that when an external pushing force is applied to and pushes the second structure in a tensile extension direction a width of the pulling gap increases so as to apply a tensile force to a test sample mounted across the pulling gap between a first sample mounting area on the first structure and a second sample mounting area on the second structure. 1. (canceled)2. A microelectromechanical device for testing micro-to-nanoscale material samples comprising:a first structure; anda second structure disposed relative to the first structure to form a pulling gap there between, the second structure coupled to the first structure by at least one resilient element such that when a pushing force is applied to and pushes the second structure in a tensile extension direction the at least one resilient element compresses and a width of the pulling gap decreases to apply a tensile force to a test sample mounted across the pulling gap.3. The microelectromechanical device of claim 2 , wherein the pulling gap intersects a pushing force axis along which the pushing force is applied.4. The microelectromechanical device of claim 3 , wherein the force axis comprises a centerline of microelectromechanical device.5. The microelectromechanical device of claim 2 , including a pair of pushing gaps between the first and second structures claim 2 , the pulling gap positioned between the pair of pushing gaps claim 2 , wherein a width of each of the pushing gaps of the pair of ...

Input detecting apparatus, and associated method, for electronic device

An apparatus, and an associated method, forms a user interface permitting input of input instructions to an electronic device. Input commands are evidence by tactile input forces applied to a force receiving surface. Force sensing elements are positioned to sense indications of the tactile input force. The force sensing element is caused to exhibit a selected input parameter value through application of a selected force thereto by application of a tightening torque to a fastener positioned in proximity to the force sensing element.

METHOD OF COMPENSATING FOR EFFECTS OF MECHANICAL STRESSES IN A MICROCIRCUIT

A method for manufacturing an integrated circuit includes forming in a substrate a measuring circuit sensitive to mechanical stresses and configured to supply a measurement signal representative of mechanical stresses exerted on the measuring circuit. The measuring circuit is positioned such that the measurement signal is also representative of mechanical stresses exerted on a functional circuit of the integrated circuit. A method of using the integrated circuit includes determining from the measurement signal the value of a parameter of the functional circuit predicted to mitigate an impact of the variation in mechanical stresses on the operation of the functional circuit, and supplying the functional circuit with the determined value of the parameter. 1. A method , comprising:forming a functional electronic circuit of an integrated circuit integrated in a semiconductor substrate;forming in the semiconductor substrate a measuring circuit of the integrated circuit, the measuring circuit being sensitive to mechanical stresses exerted on the semiconductor substrate and being configured to produce a measurement signal representative of the mechanical stresses exerted on the semiconductor substrate.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein forming the measuring circuit includes:forming measuring components of the measuring circuit having different sensitivities to the mechanical stresses and comparable sensitivities to variations in ambient temperature, the measuring components being configured to provide respective measurements of the mechanical stresses; andforming a comparison component of the measuring circuit, the comparison component being configured to compare the respective measurements and supply the measurement signal representative of the mechanical stresses based on comparing the respective measurements.3. A method claim 1 , comprising:obtaining a measurement signal representative of mechanical stresses exerted on a measuring circuit of an integrated ...

Method for Mechanical Sensing Utilizing Controlled Current

A method for sensing. The method includes the steps of transmitting mechanical forces to one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. There is the step of sending prompting signals associated with the mechanical forces to a computer in communication with one or more printed diodes and the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. There is the step of reconstructing with the computer the mechanical forces that were applied to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. An apparatus for sensing. The apparatus includes a computer. The apparatus includes one or more printed electronic diodes and printed mechanical sensing elements connected to the computer, the one or more printed electronic diodes detect mechanical signals applied to the one or more mechanical-sensing elements and that provide corresponding values to the computer. 1. A sensor comprising:one or more printed mechanical sensing elements that detect mechanical forces applied to an element;one or more printed diodes which are in contact with the one or more mechanical sensing elements and which control flow of electrical current to and from the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements; anda computer in communication with the printed mechanical-sensing elements which causes prompting signals to be sent to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements and which reconstructs data signals received from the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements through the one or more printed diodes.2. The sensor of wherein the computer is in communication with the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements by conductive material which causes the prompting signals to be sent to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements and which reconstructs the data signals received by the conductive material from the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements through the one or more printed diodes.3. The sensor of wherein the conductive material forms a grid that defines ...

PLANAR ELECTRIC BOARD WITH PLIABLE WINGS AND SYSTEM FOR SENSING COMPONENTS ALONG THREE COORDINATE AXIS OF INNER FORCES IN A BLOCK MADE OF A BUILDING MATERIAL

A planar electric circuit board may include a planar support of a foldable material defining a base surface and wings coupled to the base surface along respective folding lines so that the wings, when folded along the folding lines, are erected with respect to the base surface and remain in that position. An auxiliary circuit is on the planar support and may include pairs of capacitive coupling plates defined on the wings and on the base surface, and electric communication lines coupled to corresponding ones of the pairs of capacitive coupling plates. 113-. (canceled)14. A planar electric circuit board comprising:a planar support comprising a foldable material defining a base surface and a plurality of wings coupled to the base surface along respective folding lines so that the plurality of wings, when folded along the folding lines, are erected with respect to the base surface and remain in that position; andan auxiliary circuit on the planar support comprising pairs of capacitive coupling plates defined on the plurality of wings and on the base surface, and a plurality of electric communication lines coupled to corresponding ones of the pairs of capacitive coupling plates.15. The planar electric circuit board according to wherein the foldable material comprises a hot foldable material.16. The planar electric circuit board according to wherein the foldable material comprises a cold foldable material.17. The planar electric circuit board according to further comprising a common antenna coupled to the plurality of electric communication lines and configured for transceiving data and for contactless power supplying.18. The planar electric circuit board according to further comprising a plurality of terminals coupled to corresponding ones of the plurality of electric communication lines coupled to corresponding ones of the plurality of terminals for transceiving data and for power supplying.19. The planar electric circuit board according to further comprising a layer ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SENSING BENDING OF FLEXIBLE DISPLAY DEVICE USING MUTUAL INDUCTANCE

A method of manufacturing a flexible display device for sensing bending that includes forming a lower electrode layer, which includes a plurality of lower electrodes spaced apart from each other on a substrate, forming an insulation layer on the lower electrode layer, forming holes in the insulation layer to expose at least a part of each of the plurality of lower electrodes, and forming an upper electrode layer, which includes a plurality of upper electrodes that are spaced apart from each other on the insulation layer and that fill the holes in the insulation layer. At least two conductive units including the lower electrode layer, the insulation layer, and the upper electrode layer are formed to face each other on a substrate of a non-display unit that is arranged near a boundary of the display device. 1. A method of manufacturing a flexible display device for sensing bending thereof , the method comprising:forming a lower electrode layer that includes a plurality of lower electrodes spaced apart from each other on a substrate;forming an insulation layer on the lower electrode layer;forming holes in the insulation layer to expose at least a part of each of the plurality of lower electrodes; andforming an upper electrode layer that includes a plurality of upper electrodes that are spaced apart from each other on the insulation layer and that fill the holes in the insulation layer,wherein at least two conductive units including the lower electrode layer, the insulation layer, and the upper electrode layer are formed to face each other on a substrate of a non-display unit that is arranged near a boundary of the display device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer includes an electrode having a whirlpool pattern that gradually extends farther away from a center point.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least two conductive units are formed in coil shapes as the lower electrode layer and the ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FOIL-BASED PRESSURE SENSOR

A method for producing a foil-based pressure sensor includes the steps of: providing a bottom element with a bottom foil and at least one bottom electrode disposed on the bottom foil; providing a plurality of top elements, each top element having a top foil with at least one top electrode disposed under the top foil, a combined area of the top elements being smaller than an area of the bottom element; and individually positioning and at least indirectly connecting the top elements to the bottom element so that at least one top electrode of each top element is disposed over at least one bottom electrode of the bottom element to form a sensor cell that is adapted to be activated when a pressure on the sensor cell exceeds a turn-on point. The turn-on point is adjusted by selecting a position of a top element from a plurality of positions. 1. A method for producing a foil-based pressure sensor , comprising:providing a bottom element with a bottom foil and at least one bottom electrode disposed on the bottom foil,providing a plurality of top elements, each top element comprising a top foil with at least one top electrode disposed under the top foil, a combined area of the top elements being smaller than an area of the bottom element,individually positioning and at least indirectly connecting the top elements to the bottom element so that at least one top electrode of each top element is disposed over at least one bottom electrode of the bottom element to form a sensor cell that is adapted to be activated when a pressure on the sensor cell exceeds a turn-on point, wherein, for at least one sensor cell, the turn-on point is adjusted by selecting a position of a top element from a plurality of positions in which the sensor cell works, but which differ by their turn-on point.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the turn-on point of at least one sensor cell is adjusted by selecting one of a plurality of horizontal positions of a top element with respect to the bottom ...

Solid-State Shear Stress Sensors with High Selectivity

Embodiments of solid-state stress sensors are presented herein. A sensor system may include a substrate, a first layer of sensing material disposed on a first surface of the substrate, and at least three electrodes forming a first and second electrode pair. The at least three electrodes may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The first electrode may be disposed in a first plane and the second electrode and the third electrode may be disposed in a second plane, the first and second planes associated with a first direction parallel to the first surface. The first and second electrodes may be at least partially offset in the first direction. The first and third electrodes may be at least partially offset in the first direction. The sensor system may be configured to generate an output signal in response to a shear stress within the sensing material. 1. A sensor system , comprising:a substrate;a first layer of sensing material disposed on a first surface of the substrate; andat least three electrodes forming a first and a second electrode pair, wherein the at least three electrodes comprise a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode, wherein the first electrode is disposed in a first plane, wherein the second electrode and the third electrode are disposed in a second plane, wherein the first and second planes are associated with a first direction that is substantially parallel to the first surface, wherein the first and second electrodes are at least partially offset in the first direction, and wherein the first and third electrodes are at least partially offset in the first direction; andwherein the sensor system is configured to generate an output signal in response to a shear stress within the sensing material.2. The sensor system of claim 1 ,wherein the first electrode is disposed on a surface of the sensing material, and wherein the second and third electrodes are disposed on the first surface of the substrate.3. ...

PRESSURE SENSING UNIT AND PRESSURE SENSOR, PRESSURE SENSING DEVICE

A pressure sensing unit includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; and at least one vertical thin film transistor disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Each vertical thin film transistor includes a first electrode, a semiconductor active layer, a second electrode, at least one insulating support, and a gate electrode sequentially disposed in a direction extending from the first substrate to the second substrate. A first air gap is formed by the presence of the at least one insulating support between the gate electrode and the second electrode of each vertical thin film transistor. 1. A pressure sensing unit comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; andat least one vertical thin film transistor disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;wherein each vertical thin film transistor comprises: a first electrode, a semiconductor active layer, a second electrode, at least one insulating support, and a gate electrode sequentially disposed in a direction extending from the first substrate to the second substrate; and a first air gap is formed between the gate electrode and the second electrode of each vertical thin film transistor by the presence of the at least one insulative support.2. The pressure sensing unit according to claim 1 , further comprising:at least one lateral thin film transistor disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;each lateral thin film transistor comprises a gate electrode, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a semiconductor active layer;wherein the first electrode and the second electrode of each lateral thin film transistor are respectively disposed in a same layer as the first electrode of each vertical thin film transistor;the first electrode of each lateral thin film transistor is connected to the first electrode of an adjacent vertical thin film transistor;the gate electrode of each lateral thin film transistor ...

Vehicular Seat Element

Disclosed is a vehicular seat element comprising a first major surface, a second major surface and a foam core element disposed therebetween. The first major surface is configured to be in contact with an occupant of the vehicle and the second major surface is configured to be in contact with a support surface of the vehicle. The first major surface comprises a rate sensitive foam element secured with respect to the foam core element. The foam core element and the rate sensitive foam element are different from one another.

METHOD AND MEASURING SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING DEFORMATIONS OF A GEOMETRIC BODY WITH THE AID OF FORCE MEASURING SENSORS OR DEFORMATION MEASURING SENSORS

A method for ascertaining deformations of a geometric body or for measuring forces or torques acting thereon using force measuring sensors or deformation measuring sensors. A plurality of such sensors are arranged on the geometric body in at least two groups. A first group of sensors registers forces acting on the geometric body or deformations of the geometric body in a first spatial direction with reference to a coordinate system fixed relative to the geometric body. A second group of sensors registers forces acting on the geometric body or deformations thereof in a second spatial direction with reference to the coordinate system fixed relative to the geometric body, which is independent of the first spatial direction. Signal outputs of the sensors are compared to one another for the purpose of registering and evaluating signals and for determining or assessing force components or deformation components acting in different spatial directions. 1. A method for ascertaining deformations of a geometric body or for measuring forces or torques acting on the geometric body with the aid of force measuring sensors or deformation measuring sensors , wherein multiple force measuring sensors or deformation measuring sensors are arranged in at least two groups on the geometric body , in such a way that a first group of force sensors or deformation sensors registers forces imposed on the geometric body or deformations of the geometric body in a first spatial direction with reference to a coordinate system fixed relative to the geometric body , and a second group of force sensors or deformation sensors registers forces acting on the geometric body or deformations of the geometric body in a second spatial direction with reference to the coordinate system which is fixed relative to the geometric body , which is independent of the first spatial direction , and that signal outputs of the force sensors or deformation sensors are correlated with one another for the purpose of ...

METHOD AND SENSOR FOR PRESSURE SENSING BASED ON ELECTRICAL SIGNAL GENERATED BY REDISTRIBUTION OF MOBILE IONS IN PIEZOIONIC LAYER

A method of sensing a pressure applied to a surface comprises monitoring an electrical signal generated by redistribution of mobile ions in a piezoionic layer under the surface. An externally applied local pressure at a portion of the layer induces redistribution of mobile ions in the piezoionic layer. It is determined that the surface is pressured based on detection of the electrical signal. A piezoionic sensor includes a sensing surface; a piezoionic layer disposed under the sensing surface such that an externally applied local pressure on a portion of the sensing surface causes detectable redistribution of mobile ions in the piezoionic layer; and electrodes in contact with the layer, configured to monitor electrical signal generated by the redistribution of mobile ions in the piezoionic layer. 1. A method of sensing a pressure applied to a surface , comprising:monitoring an electrical signal generated by redistribution of mobile ions in a piezoionic layer under the surface, wherein the redistribution of mobile ions in the piezoionic layer is induced by an externally applied local pressure at a portion of the layer without application of an external electrical signal to the piezoionic layer; anddetermining that the surface is pressured based on detection of the electrical signal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining comprises determining that the surface is touched at a location proximate to the portion of the piezoionic layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrical signal is monitored through at least two electrodes in contact with one side of the piezoionic layer at different locations.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the electrical signal generated by redistribution of mobile ions comprises a voltage or current between a first one and a second one of the locations claim 3 , the first location proximate to the portion and the second location being spaced away from the first location.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the piezoionic layer ...

PULSE MONITOR AND PROGRAM

A pulse monitor, a program, and the like which perform determination of an appropriate pressing force and store and display holding state specification information when it is determined to be an appropriate pressing force, thereby facilitating device mounting in an appropriate state are provided. A pulse monitor includes a pulse wave detection unit which has a pulse wave sensor configured to output a pulse wave sensor signal, a processing unit which calculates pulse information based on the signal from the pulse wave detection unit , a display unit which displays a processing result in the processing unit , a storage unit which stores the processing result in the processing unit , and a holding mechanism which holds the pulse monitor on a subject. 1. A pulse monitor comprising:a pulse wave detection unit which has a pulse wave sensor configured to output a pulse wave sensor signal;a processing unit which calculates pulse information based on the signal from the pulse wave detection unit;a storage unit which stores a processing result in the processing unit,a holding mechanism which holds the pulse monitor on a subject,wherein the processing unit determines whether or not a pressing force on the subject in the pulse wave detection unit is an appropriate pressing force, andthe storage unit stores holding state specification information for specifying the holding state of the holding mechanism when it is determined that the pressing force on the subject in the pulse wave detection unit is the appropriate pressing force.2. The pulse monitor according to claim 1 ,wherein the processing unit determines whether or not the pressing force is the appropriate pressing force based on the pulse wave sensor signal.3. The pulse monitor according to claim 2 ,wherein the processing unit determines whether or not the pressing force is the appropriate pressing force based on at least one of an AC component signal corresponding to an AC component of the pulse wave sensor signal and a ...

PEDALING MOTION MEASURING DEVICE AND PEDALING MOTION SENSOR DEVICE

The inventive pedaling motion measuring device includes: a measurement body unit having a first sensor unit for sensing the number of rotation of a wheel by sensing the motion of the wheel of a bicycle, and second sensor units arranged at right and left crank arms for sensing magnitude and direction of a force applied to each of the right and left crank arms. The first work calculation unit calculates work performed by the bicycle based on the number of rotation of the wheel sensed by the first sensor unit. The second work calculation unit calculates work provided to the crank member by the user within a prescribed time, based on the magnitude and direction of the force applied to each of the right and left crank arms and sensed by the second sensor units. The efficiency calculation unit calculates the efficiency of the bicycle. 1. A pedaling motion measuring device comprising:measurement body unit that has second sensor units arranged on a bicycle provided with a crank member having a right and left of crank arms each connected between a hanger shaft and each of a pair of pedals, each of the pedals rotating with respect to a pedal shaft parallel to the hanger shaft, each of the crank arms angled with respect to the pedal shaft and the hanger shaft, the second sensor units sensing magnitude and direction of a force applied to each of the right and left crank arms;a second work calculation unit that calculates user's efficiency of pedaling, based on the magnitude and direction of the force applied to each of the right and left crank arms and sensed by the second sensor units.wherein the second sensor units each include an angle sensor measuring angle positions of corresponding one of the crank arms rotated by an operation of the user, and a plurality of force sensors each measuring a force applied to the crank member based on a distortion of the crank member, the second sensor units outputting information on the force applied to the crank member in association with ...

FREQUENCY DOUBLING ANTENNA SENSOR FOR WIRELESS STRAIN AND CRACK SENSING

A strain and crack sensor senses an amount of strain induced in an object. A receiving planar antenna has a first resonant frequency and is configured to receive a querying signal at the first resonant frequency. A transmitting planar antenna has a second resonant frequency that is twice the first resonant frequency. At least one of the receiving planar antenna and the transmitting planar antenna is bonded to the object so that at least one of strain induced in the object or a crack formed in the object causes a shift in at least one of the first resonant frequency or the second resonant frequency. A matching element is in electrical communication with the first planar antenna and the second planar antenna. The matching element is configured to cause the transmitting planar antenna to radiate a response signal in response to the querying signal. 1. A strain and crack sensor for sensing an amount of stress concentration induced in an object , comprising:(a) a receiving planar antenna having a first resonant frequency and configured to receive a querying signal at the first resonant frequency;(b) a transmitting planar antenna having a second resonant frequency that is twice the first resonant frequency, at least one of the receiving planar antenna and the transmitting planar antenna being bonded to the object so that strain induced in the object or a crack formed in the object causes a shift in at least one of the first resonant frequency or the second resonant frequency; and(c) a matching element in electrical communication with the first planar antenna and the second planar antenna, the matching element configured to cause the transmitting planar antenna to radiate a response signal in response to the querying signal.2. The strain and crack sensor of claim 1 , wherein the receiving planar antenna has a greater surface area that the transmitting planar antenna.3. The strain and crack sensor of claim 2 , wherein the receiving planar antenna and the transmitting planar ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING CONDUCTIVE PATTERNS OF NANOPARTICLES AND DEVICES MADE THEREOF

A method of processing a liquid material. The method includes mixing a liquid material with a solvent, wherein the solvent has a constituent capable of coating the particles of the material. The liquid material mixed with the solvent is then particlized, deposited on a substrate and activated to form a pre-defined electrically conductive pattern. Particlization methods include sonication and the deposition methods include ink-jet printing. Activation methods include applying mechanical pressure. The method can be used to produce electronic devices. The electronic devices made by the method include strain gauges. The substrates utilized for making the electronic devices utilizing the method can be wearable or stretchable or both. 1. A method of processing a liquid material , the method comprising:providing a liquid material;mixing the liquid material with a solvent, the solvent containing a constituent that can coat particles of the material;particlizing the material mixed in the solvent, wherein the particles are encased by the constituent of the solvent;depositing the particlized material on a substrate; andactivating the deposited material according to a predefined pattern, allowing coalescence of the activated material in the predefined pattern.2. The method of claim 1 , the material is a liquid metal.3. The method of claim 2 , the metal is one of gallium claim 2 , indium and tin.4. The method of claim 1 , the material is a liquid alloy.5. The method of claim 4 , the material is one of Ga—In alloy and Ga—In—Sn alloy.6. The method of claim 5 , the material is Ga—In alloy of eutectic composition.7. The method of claim 1 , the particlizing is by sonication.8. The method of claim 1 , the activation is by applying mechanical pressure.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the activation results in a conductive pattern.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the deposition of the particlized material on the substrate is by one of ink jet printing and screen printing.11. The ...

INSERTION FORCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a measurement device is provided that includes an actuator module, a control module, a load cell module, a processing module, and a notification module. The actuator module includes an actuator. The control module includes one or more actuator controllers configured to control the actuator. The load cell module includes one or more motors configured to set orientation of attachments points for the actuator with respect to a component relative to a location of a user. The processing module includes a processor configured to receive and analyze information from the load cell module pertaining to an insertion force for the component. The notification module is configured to provide a notification based on the analyzing performed by the processing module.

Systems and Methods for Determining Forces on a Linear Permanent Magnet Motor Using Instantaneous Current Vectors

Systems and methods for determining the instantaneous force generated by a motor. In one embodiment, AC power (e.g., three-phase power) is provided to a linear motor of an ESP. An instantaneous current for each of the phases is measured at a particular point in time. These instantaneous current vectors are used to determine an instantaneous force by, for example, computing a root-mean-square of the instantaneous current vectors and multiplying the root-mean-square by a power factor. The instantaneous force computation may be performed successively for multiple, distinct points in time, and these computed force values may be used to form a graphical representation of the force generated by the linear motor over the stroke of the motor. The computed force values may also be used as the basis for controlling the motor. 1. A method comprising:providing AC power to a linear motor of an electric submersible pump (ESP), wherein the AC power has one or more phases;measuring an instantaneous current of each of the one or more phases of the AC power provided to the linear motor;determining an instantaneous current vector for each of the one or more phases of the AC power provided to the linear motor based on the measured instantaneous currents; anddetermining an instantaneous force generated by the linear motor based on the instantaneous current vectors.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising controlling the AC power provided to the linear motor based on the instantaneous force.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AC power provided to the linear motor comprises three-phase AC power.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the instantaneous force for a point in time is determined by computing a root-mean-square of the instantaneous current vectors for the point in time and multiplying the root-mean-square by a force factor.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining the instantaneous force generated by the linear motor at multiple distinct points in time during ...

Method, apparatus, and system for passive die strain measurement

At least one method, apparatus, and system for determining a distance between layers of a semiconductor device and, if desired, modifying a semiconductor device manufacturing process in view of the determined distance. The system comprises and the methods make use of a test circuit comprising a resistor, at least one of an inductor and a capacitor, a first terminal and a second terminal each configured to electrically connect to a first layer circuit and a second layer circuit of a semiconductor device.

PLANAR HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

A curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor for a moving member and the method for manufacturing the same, the sensor comprising an elastic curved plate and a subtype grid membrane switch formed on the curved plate, wherein the membrane switch is coupled to a cutting board shell of the moving member on one side opposed to the curved plate, and the subtype grid membrane switch is used for sensing the presence of pressure on the curved plate. The curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor according to the present invention can not only meet the requirements on appearance of the moving member, but also effectively sense the touching to prevent injury on the object being detected, and additionally can effectively achieving the effects of fireproofing and waterproofing. 1. A curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor for a moving member , the curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor comprising:an elastic curved plate; anda subtype grid membrane switch formed on the curved plate, which switch is coupled to a cutting board shell of the moving member on one side opposed to the curved plate,wherein the subtype grid membrane switch is used for sensing the presence of pressure on the curved plate.2. The curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the subtype grid membrane switch comprises an upper grid membrane and a lower grid membrane claim 1 , and sensing is based on a change in grid impedance of the upper grid membrane and the lower grid membrane.3. The curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising a subtype foam pad claim 1 , and the cutting board shell is coupled to the subtype grid membrane switch through the subtype foam pad.4. The curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a sensibility of the sensing is changed based on the material and/or thickness of the curved plate.5. The curved surface shaped membrane pressure sensor according to ...

Means of transport having a vehicle seat

The invention relates to a means of transport having a vehicle seat (), wherein the vehicle seat () has a sensor network () comprising a plurality of sensor elements () arranged in a two-dimensional manner, wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are designed to wirelessly interchange data with one another. 1. A vehicle , comprising:{'b': '2', 'a vehicle seat (); and'}{'b': '8', 'a sensor network () disposed within the vehicle seat,'}{'b': 12', '12, 'wherein the sensor network comprises a plurality of sensor elements () arranged in a two-dimensional manner, wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are configured to wirelessly interchange data with one another.'}21214. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () form a regular sensor array ().31216. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () form an irregular sensor array ().4121810. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein a second plurality of sensor elements () arranged in a row form a data-transmitting connection () to a control unit ().5121810. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein a second plurality of sensor elements () arranged in a two-dimensional manner form a data-transmitting connection () to a control unit ().61212. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are configured to interchange data at least with a directly adjacent sensor element () of the plurality of sensor elements.712. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are configured for peer-to-peer data interchange.812. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are MEMS sensor elements.912. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensor elements () are self-organizing.102. A vehicle seat () claim 1 , comprising:{'b': '8', 'a sensor network () disposed within the vehicle seat,'}{'b': 12', '12, 'wherein the sensor network comprises a ...

TOUCH SENSOR

The touch sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes: a transparent substrate; and an electrode formed on the transparent substrate in a mesh pattern, wherein the electrode has a line width of one side smaller than that of the other side in a thickness direction. 1. A touch sensor , comprising:a transparent substrate; andan electrode formed on the transparent substrate in a mesh pattern,wherein the electrode has a line width of one side smaller than that of the other side in a thickness direction.2. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode has the line width of one side 85% smaller than that of the other side.3. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode has both ends of one side or the other side that are depressed.4. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode has a reduced line width as being away from the transparent substrate.5. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode is formed of two layers and has the line width of any one layer 85% smaller than that of another layer.6. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode is formed of three layers and has the line width of a central layer smaller than that of the upper and lower layers.7. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 6 , wherein the electrode has the line width of the central layer 85% smaller than that of the upper and lower layers.8. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode is formed of three layers and has the line width of the upper and lower layers smaller than that of the central layer.9. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 8 , wherein the electrode has the line width of the upper and lower layers 85% smaller than that of the central layer.10. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the electrode is 20 to 90% of a line width.11. The touch sensor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electrode is formed on ...

PRESSURE ARRAY SENSOR MODULE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A pressure array sensor module, comprising an array electrode board, a plurality of pressure sensing elements, at least one first conductive structure and at least one second conductive structure is provided. The array electrode board comprises a substrate and an electrode array disposed on the substrate and having a first electrode pattern and a second electrode pattern. Each pressure sensing element is disposed at a sensing position on the array electrode board, and comprises a top electrode layer, a bottom electrode layer and at least one pressure sensing layer disposed between the top electrode layer and the bottom electrode layer. The top electrode layer has a first lead. The bottom electrode layer has a second lead. The first conductive structure electrically connects the first lead and the corresponding first electrode pattern. The second conductive structure electrically connects the second lead and the corresponding second electrode pattern. 1. A pressure array sensor module , comprising: a substrate; and', 'an electrode array disposed on the substrate and having a first electrode pattern and a second electrode pattern;, 'an array electrode board, comprising a top electrode layer having a first lead;', 'a bottom electrode layer having a second lead; and', 'at least one pressure sensing layer disposed between the top electrode layer and the bottom electrode layer;, 'a plurality of pressure sensing elements each being disposed at a sensing position on the array electrode board and comprisinga plurality of first conductive structures each electrically connecting the first lead and the corresponding first electrode pattern; anda plurality of second conductive structures each electrically connecting the second lead and the corresponding second electrode pattern.2. The pressure array sensor module according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode pattern is extended between adjacent two of the pressure sensing elements claim 1 , and the two adjacent pressure ...

Sensor systems integrated with footwear

Sensors and sensor systems incorporating piezoresistive materials for integration with footwear are described.

STRAIN GAUGE AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

In one aspect, wireless strain gauges are described herein. In some embodiments, a wireless strain gauge comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and a nano-composite backplane coupled to the RFID tag, wherein the resonant frequency of the RFID tag antenna demonstrates an exponential dependence or substantially exponential dependence on the strain sensed by the strain gauge. 1. A wireless strain gauge comprising:a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag; anda nanocomposite backplane coupled to the RFID tag, wherein resonant frequency of the RFID tag antenna demonstrates an exponential dependence or substantially exponential dependence on strain sensed by the gauge.2. The wireless strain gauge of claim 1 , wherein the RFID tag has an operating frequency permitting communication with a tag reader over a distance of at least 1 meter.3. The wireless strain gauge of claim 1 , wherein the RFID tag is a passive tag.4. The wireless strain gauge of claim 1 , wherein the nanocomposite backplane comprises a layer of dielectric material having nanoparticles disposed therein.5. The wireless strain gauge of claim 4 , wherein the dielectric material is a polymeric material.6. The wireless strain gauge of wherein the polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of fluoropolymers claim 5 , elastomers claim 5 , polyacrylates claim 5 , polystyrene and poly(vinylchloride).7. The wireless strain gauge of claim 4 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise inorganic nanoparticles claim 4 , organic nanoparticles or mixtures thereof.8. The wireless strain gauge claim 4 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise carbon nanoparticles.9. The wireless strain gauge of claim 8 , wherein the carbon nanoparticles comprise fullerenes claim 8 , fullerene derivatives claim 8 , graphene claim 8 , graphene derivatives or carbon nanotubes or mixtures thereof.10. The wireless strain gauge of claim 4 , wherein the nanoparticles are present in the dielectric material in an amount sufficient ...

System and method for robust and low-cost multi-axis force sensor

Systems and methods according to present principles provide for three axis force sensing in a convenient and manufacturable way. In one implementation, a vibrating motor is attached at the fixed end of an anisotropic structure, such as a rod, which then vibrates in a circular motion. A monitor such as a 3-axis accelerometer is also attached to the anisotropic structure. The resulting motion is then mapped electronically for analysis. With no force applied, a circular motion is achieved. When a net force is applied to the free, vibrating end of the rod, the circular pattern which is traced out becomes distorted, e.g., progressively flattened into an ellipse, in a repeatable way which is directly proportional to the applied force. The axis of the applied force can be ascertained according to the direction in which the ellipse forms. Systems and methods according to present principles may be used in any application in which force sensing is needed, e.g., robotics, including robotic surgery.

Temperature Compensating Transparent Force Sensor Having a Complliant Layer

An optically transparent force sensor that may compensate for environmental effects, including, for example, variations in temperature of the device or the surroundings. In some examples, two force-sensitive layers are separated by a compliant layer. The relative electrical response of the two force-sensitive layers may be used to compute an estimate of the force of a touch that reduces the effect of variations in temperature. In some examples, piezoelectric films having anisotropic strain properties are used to reduce the effects of temperature.

Arrester Temperature Monitor

An instrumented electric power arrester includes a temperature sensor, wireless transmitter, and a visual over-temperature indicator. A disk shaped module, a replacement varister block, or a dummy block containing the sensor/transmitter is placed between varister blocks inside the arrester housing. A strap-on module is attached to the outside of the arrester housing. The sensor/transmitter utilizes a harvesting power supply that draws electric power for the electronics from the power line protected by the arrester. An ambient temperature sensor may be utilized to enhance accuracy. The temperature sensor/transmitter typically sends arrester monitoring data wirelessly to an RTU or handheld unit located outside the arrester, which relays the monitoring data to an operations control center that scheduled replacement of the arrester based on the monitoring data. A surge counter keeps track of the number of equipment and lightening related temperature surges experienced by the arrester. 1. A temperature sensor/transmitter for an electric power arrester configured for connection to an electric power line , comprising:a temperature sensor;electronics including a processor, a memory, a wireless transmitter, a transmit capacitor, and an antenna; anda harvesting power supply for supplying the electronics from electric power harvested from the electric power line.2. The temperature sensor/transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a disk-shaped PC board carrying the temperature sensor and the electronics configured for placement between varister blocks inside the arrester.3. The temperature sensor/transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a varister block carrying the temperature sensor and the electronics configured for placement inside the arrester.4. The temperature sensor/transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a dummy block having a similar size to a varister block inside the arrester claim 1 , carrying the temperature sensor and the electronics configured for ...

MAGNETIC LOAD SENSOR FOR USE IN A LINEAR MOTION ACTUATOR, AND A LINEAR MOTION ACTUATOR

A magnetic load sensor unit () is provided which can detect the magnitude of an axial load applied by a linear motion actuator () to a friction pad (). The magnetic load sensor unit () includes a magnetic target () which generates a magnetic field, and a magnetic sensor () designed to move relative to the magnetic target () corresponding to the axial load. 1. A magnetic load sensor unit for use in a linear motion actuator , the magnetic load sensor unit being configured to detect a magnitude of an axial load applied to an object by the linear motion actuator , and comprising:a magnetic target which generates a magnetic field; anda magnetic sensor configured such that a position of the magnetic sensor relative to the magnetic target changes corresponding to the axial load.2. The magnetic load sensor unit of claim 1 , further comprising a flange member configured to be deflected when the axial load is applied claim 1 , and an annular support member supporting a radially inner portion or a radially outer portion of the flange member claim 1 , wherein the magnetic target is fixed to one of the flange member and the support member claim 1 , and the magnetic sensor is fixed to the other of the flange member and the support member.3. The magnetic load sensor unit of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic target comprises at least two permanent magnets each magnetized in a direction perpendicular to a relative movement direction in which the position of the magnetic sensor relative to the magnetic target changes claim 1 , wherein the permanent magnets are arranged such that opposite magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are aligned in the relative movement direction claim 1 , and wherein the magnetic sensor is located in a vicinity of a boundary between the opposite magnetic poles.4. The magnetic load sensor unit of claim 3 , wherein the flange member and the support member are annular plate members claim 3 , wherein one of the flange member and the support member includes a ...

HIGH PERFORMANCE SELF-HEALING POLYMER GEL ELECTROLYTE CONTAINING IONIC SIDE BRANCHES

Disclosed in the present specification is a high-performance self-healing polymer cell electrolyte comprising ionic side branches. The polymer gel electrolyte comprises: a copolymer comprising an ionic domain and a non-ionic domain; and an ionic liquid, and having a plurality of ion clusters (ICs) formed as an ionic moiety of the ionic domain is bonded to the ionic liquid 2. The random copolymer for a polymer gel electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein each of Rand Ris independently one or more selected from hydrogen (H) claim 1 , a methyl group (CH) claim 1 , an ethyl group (CH) claim 1 , a propyl group (CH) claim 1 , a butyl group (CH) claim 1 , a pentyl group (CH) and a hexyl group (CH) claim 1 , and{'sub': '12', 'Ris selected from an ammonium group, an imidazolium group, a diallyldimethylammonium group, a pyridinium group and a phosphonium group.'}4. The random copolymer for a polymer gel electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein a mole fraction of an ionic domain and a non-ionic domain in the copolymer is in a range from 80:20 to 95:5.5. A polymer gel electrolyte comprising:a copolymer comprising an ionic domain and a non-ionic domain; andan ionic liquid,which has a plurality of ion clusters (ICs) formed as an ionic moiety of the ionic domain is bonded to the ionic liquid.7. The polymer gel electrolyte according to claim 6 , wherein each of Rand Ris independently selected from hydrogen (H) claim 6 , a methyl group (CH) claim 6 , an ethyl group (CH) claim 6 , a propyl group (CH) claim 6 , a butyl group (CH) claim 6 , a pentyl group (CH) and a hexyl group (CH) claim 6 , and{'sub': '12', 'Ris selected from an ammonium group, an imidazolium group, a diallyldimethylammonium group, a pyridinium group and a phosphonium group.'}9. The polymer gel electrolyte according to claim 5 , wherein the polymer gel electrolyte self-heals through formation and dissociation of ion clusters.10. The polymer gel electrolyte according to claim 5 , wherein a mole fraction of the ...

DEFORMATION SENSOR PACKAGE AND METHOD

A deformation sensor package includes a housing having a base and a peripheral wall extending from the base. The base and peripheral wall define two cavities each configured to receive a potentiometer, such as a string potentiometer. The peripheral wall defines two apertures formed between a respective cavity and an exterior of the housing. Each aperture is configured to allow for the passage of a moveable sensing end of an associated potentiometer therethrough. 1. A deformation sensor package comprising: a base and a peripheral wall extending from the base, the base and peripheral wall defining two cavities, each configured to receive an associated potentiometer,', 'wherein the peripheral wall defines two apertures formed between a respective cavity and an exterior of the housing, and wherein each aperture is configured to allow for the passage of a moveable sensing end of an associated potentiometer through the aperture., 'a housing including2. The deformation sensor package of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a first housing portion including the base and the peripheral wall and a second housing portion comprising a removable cover for selective enclosing the cavities within the housing.3. The deformation sensor package of claim 1 , further comprising first and second string potentiometers arranged in a respective one of the cavities defined in the housing.4. The deformation sensor package of claim 3 , wherein sensing cables of the first and second string potentiometers are arranged through each of the two apertures.5. The deformation sensor package of claim 4 , wherein the apertures are sized and oriented such that the sensing cables of the first and second string potentiometers may be attached to a common mounting point on an object for which deformation is to be measured.6. A system for measuring the deformation of an artificial rib of a crash test dummy comprising: a first string potentiometer and a second string potentiometer, each potentiometer ...

Measuring arrangement for a shaping machine

A measuring arrangement for a shaping machine includes a measuring diaphragm deformable by a force action, a measuring device for metrological detection of a deformation of the measuring diaphragm with the output of a measurement signal, and an evaluation device connected to the measuring device. The evaluation device, in the course of a first calibration, can convert the measurement signal originating from the deformation of the measuring diaphragm with a force from a first force value range into a first output signal, and the first output signal is in a previously defined value range. The evaluation device, in the course of a second calibration, can convert the measurement signal originating from the deformation of the measuring diaphragm with a force from a second force value range differing from the first force value range into a second output signal, and the second output signal is in the previously defined value range.

PRESSURE SENSING SYSTEM AND PRESSURE SENSING SETTING METHOD

A pressure sensing system and a pressure sensing setting method are provided. The pressure sensing system includes a first pressure sensing sheet, a second pressure sensing sheet, and a processing device. The first flexible substrate of the first pressure sensing sheet has a first conductive pattern; the second flexible substrate of the second pressure sensing sheet has a second conductive pattern. The second pressure sensing sheet has the second conductive pattern stacked with the first conductive pattern of the first pressure sensing sheet. The processing device outputs electric signal to the first pressure sensing sheet; the second pressure sensing sheet obtains a pressure sensing signal, which is compared with a threshold value, determining if the first pressure sensing sheet and the second pressure sensing sheet are pressed by an external force, thereby preventing erroneous signal and improving measurement accuracy. 1. A pressure sensing system , comprising:a first pressure sensing sheet comprising a first flexible substrate and a first conductive pattern, the first conductive pattern being disposed on a surface of the first flexible substrate;a second pressure sensing sheet comprising a second flexible substrate and a second conductive pattern, the second conductive pattern being disposed on a surface of the second flexible substrate, wherein the second pressure sensing sheet has one side of the second conductive pattern stacked with one side of the first conductive pattern of the first pressure sensing sheet; anda processing device electrically connected with the first pressure sensing sheet and the second pressure sensing sheet, the processing device outputting an electric signal to the first pressure sensing sheet, the second pressure sensing sheet obtaining a pressure sensing signal; the pressure sensing signal being compared with a threshold value, so as to determine if the first pressure sensing sheet and the second pressure sensing sheet are pressed by ...

PRINTED ELECTRODE CATHETER

An elongate medical device may comprise an elongate tubular body, an electrode, and a trace. The elongate tubular body may comprise a distal end portion and a proximal end portion, the body defining a longitudinal axis. The electrode may comprise electrically-conductive ink extending circumferentially about a portion of the distal end portion. The trace may comprise electrically-conductive ink, electrically coupled with the electrode, extending proximally from the electrode. 1. (canceled)2. An elongate medical device comprising:an elongate tubular body defining a longitudinal axis;an electrode comprising an electrically-conductive ink extending circumferentially about an exterior portion of the elongate tubular body;a trace comprising electrically-conductive ink electrically coupled with the electrode, the trace extending longitudinally from the electrode; anda force sensor comprising a semiconductive layer radially disposed between a first electrically-conductive layer and a second electrically-conductive layer, the force sensor extending along a portion of the elongate tubular body.3. The elongate medical device of claim 2 , wherein the force sensor further comprises a first electrically insulative layer radially disposed outward of the first conductive layer.4. The elongate medical device of claim 2 , wherein a distal end portion of the elongate tubular body comprises a circular shape configured to curl about the longitudinal axis.5. The elongate medical device of claim 2 , further comprising:a plurality of electrodes, each electrode comprising electrically-conductive ink extending circumferentially about an exterior portion of the elongate tubular body;a plurality of traces, each comprising electrically-conductive ink, each trace electrically coupled with a respective one of the plurality of electrodes, each trace extending longitudinally from the respective one of the plurality of electrodes; anda plurality of force sensors, each force sensor comprising a ...

Temperature Compensating Transparent Force Sensor

An optically transparent force sensor, which may be used as input to an electronic device. The optically transparent force sensor may be configured to compensate for variations in temperature using two or more force-sensitive components that are formed from materials having different temperature- and strain-dependent responses.

TOUCH SENSING ELEMENT AND TOUCH PANEL HAVING THE SAME

A touch sensing element is provided comprising an insulating substrate and a conductive layer located on a surface of the insulating substrate. The conductive layer comprises: a plurality of first conductive traces arranged at intervals along a first direction, each first conductive trace extending along a second direction; and a plurality of second conductive traces arranged to form second conductive trace columns, each second conductive trace column comprises a plurality of second conductive traces arranged at intervals along the second direction, each second conductive trace column is correspondingly located corresponding to a lateral direction of the first conductive trace. Each second conductive trace of each conductive trace column is spaced from and forms a mutual inductance with a corresponding first conductive trace. The conductive layer is formed on a surface of the insulating substrate; the structure and process are much simpler. A touch panel having the touch sensing element is also provided. 1. A touch sensing element , comprising an insulating substrate and a conductive layer located on a surface of the insulating substrate , wherein the conductive layer comprises:a plurality of first conductive traces arranged at intervals along a first direction of a two dimensional coordinate system, each of the first conductive traces extending along a second direction of the two dimensional coordinate system; anda plurality of second conductive traces arranged to form a plurality of second conductive trace columns, wherein each second conductive trace column comprises a plurality of second conductive traces arranged at intervals along the second direction of the two dimensional coordinate system, each second conductive trace column is located corresponding to a lateral direction of the first conductive trace; each second conductive trace of each conductive trace column is spaced from and forms a mutual inductance with a corresponding first conductive trace.2. The ...

STRESS-STRAIN CURVE SIMULATION METHOD

A stress-strain curve simulation method, for calculating a simulated stress-strain curve of a test object sandwiched between a mass block and a testing platform, the method comprises: obtaining a first acceleration curve associated with a plurality of pieces of acceleration data of the mass block and a second acceleration curve associated with a plurality of pieces of acceleration data of the testing platform; extracting a part of the first acceleration curve and a part of the second acceleration curve to obtain a first valid curve and a second valid curve; obtaining an object strain curve according to the first valid curve and the second valid curve; calculating an object stress curve based on the first valid curve and a contact area between the mass block and the test object; and calculating the simulated stress-strain curve based on the object strain curve and the object stress curve. 1. A stress-strain curve simulation method , for calculating a simulated stress-strain curve of a test object sandwiched between a mass block and a testing platform , the method comprising:obtaining a first acceleration curve and a second acceleration curve, wherein the first acceleration curve is associated with a plurality of pieces of acceleration data of the mass block, and the second acceleration curve is associated with a plurality of pieces of acceleration data of the testing platform;extracting a part of the first acceleration curve within a time period to obtain a first valid curve, and extracting a part of the second acceleration curve within the time period to obtain a second valid curve;obtaining an object strain curve according to the first valid curve and the second valid curve;calculating an object stress curve based on the first valid curve and a contact area between the mass block and the test object; andcalculating the simulated stress-strain curve using an exponential equation based on the object strain curve and the object stress curve, wherein the simulated ...

THREE DIMENSIONAL PIEZOELECTRIC MEMS

Method and apparatus for a piezoelectric apparatus are provided. In some embodiments, a method for fabricating a piezoelectric device may include etching a series of vertical trenches in a top substrate portion, depositing a first continuous conductive layer over the trenches and substrate, depositing a continuous piezoelectric layer over the first continuous conductive layer such that the piezoelectric material has trenches and sidewalls, depositing a second continuous conductive layer over the continuous piezoelectric layer, etching through the vertical trenches of the first continuous conductive layer, continuous piezoelectric layer, second continuous conductive layer, and top substrate portion into a bottom substrate portion, etching a series of horizontal trenches in the bottom substrate portion such that the horizontal trenches and vertical trenches occupy a continuous free space and allow movement of a piezoelectric MEMS device created by the above method in three dimensions. 1. A method for fabricating a piezoelectric device , comprising:etching a series of vertical trenches in a top substrate portion;depositing a first continuous conductive layer over the trenches and substrate;depositing a continuous piezoelectric layer over the first continuous conductive layer such that the piezoelectric material has trenches and sidewalks;depositing a second continuous conductive layer over the continuous piezoelectric layer;etching through the vertical trenches of the first continuous conductive layer, continuous piezoelectric layer, second continuous conductive layer, and top substrate portion into a bottom substrate portion; andetching a series of horizontal trenches in the bottom substrate portion such that the horizontal trenches and vertical trenches occupy a continuous free space and allow movement of a piezoelectric MEMS device created by the above method in three dimensions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric layer comprises lead zirconate ...

Method for Mechanical Sensing Utilizing Controlled Current

A method for sensing. The method includes the steps of transmitting mechanical forces to one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. There is the step of sending prompting signals associated with the mechanical forces to a computer in communication with one or more printed diodes and the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. There is the step of reconstructing with the computer the mechanical forces that were applied to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements. An apparatus for sensing. The apparatus includes a computer. The apparatus includes one or more printed electronic diodes and printed mechanical sensing elements connected to the computer, the one or more printed electronic diodes detect mechanical signals applied to the one or more mechanical-sensing elements and that provide corresponding values to the computer. 1. A sensor comprising:one or more printed mechanical sensing elements that detect mechanical forces applied to an element;one or more printed diodes which are in contact with the one or more mechanical sensing elements and which control flow of electrical current to and from the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements; anda computer in communication with the printed mechanical-sensing elements which causes prompting signals to be sent to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements and which reconstructs data signals received from the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements through the one or more printed diodes.2. The sensor of wherein the computer is in communication with the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements by conductive material which causes the prompting signals to be sent to the one or more printed mechanical sensing elements and which reconstructs the data signals received by the conductive material from the one or more printed mechanical-sensing elements through the one or more printed diodes.3. The sensor of wherein the conductive material forms a grid that defines ...

Pressure sensor

A sensor suitable for measuring the pressure applied by a bandage is provided. The sensor comprises an elongate strip having a sensor region. The sensor region comprises: a base plate; a top plate; a compressible spacer positioned between the base plate and the top plate and, an electronic sensing apparatus configured to detect distance between the top plate and the base plate. The top plate is arranged to compress the compressible spacer and arranged such that the bandage exerts a force on the surface of the top plate perpendicular to the surface when the sensor is positioned between the bandage and a limb.

STRESS ANALYSIS SYSTEM

A stress analysis system for performing analysis of a force exerted on a test object is provided, wherein the test object is defined to have a plurality of predetermined areas at different positions thereof. The stress analysis system includes: an analysis module, and at least two stress bearing modules separate from each other, each of which is located at one of the predetermined areas. Each of the stress bearing modules includes a supporting strip component and a feature sensor, wherein the supporting strip component is able to produce a stressed feature in at least one spatial dimension when being subjected to the force, and the feature sensor is able to sense a stress state of the corresponding predetermined area of the test object in at least one spatial dimension, such that the stress analysis system can accurately analyze the stress state of the test object. 1. A stress analysis system for performing analysis of a force exerted on a test object , the test object being defined to have at least two predetermined areas at different positions thereof , the stress analysis system including:at least two stress bearing modules separate from each other, each of which corresponds to one of the at least two predetermined areas on the test object, each of the stress bearing modules including a supporting strip component and a feature sensor, wherein the supporting strip component is able to produce a stressed feature for its corresponding one of the predetermined areas when being subjected to the force, and the feature sensor is able to sense the stressed feature from the supporting strip component to obtain a sensing result; andan analysis module for obtaining an effect on the supporting strip component from the force exerted on the test object according to the sensing result from the feature sensor of each of the stress bearing modules so as to analyze a stress state of each of the predetermined areas of the test object.2. The stress analysis system according to claim ...

WHEEL OPERATING FORCE SENSOR

A wheel operating force sensor includes: an attachment fixed to a vehicle body member supported by a suspension device; a hub to which a wheel is fixed and which is rotatably supported about a wheel axis with respect to the attachment; a sensing body having a tube formed substantially concentrically with the wheel axis, one end of the tube being fixed to the attachment, and the other end being connected to the hub, with a hub bearing being interposed between the other end and the hub; and a component force sensing unit having a bridge circuit including per component force at least four strain gauges that are provided on a circumferential surface of the tube of the sensing body. The hub bearing has: a radial bearing provided between the sensing body and the hub and receiving a load in a radial direction; and a thrust bearing provided between the sensing body and the hub and receiving a load in a thrust direction, and moreover provided separately from the radial bearing. 1. A wheel operating force sensor comprising:an attachment fixed to a vehicle body member supported by a suspension device;a hub to which a wheel is fixed and which is rotatably supported about a wheel axis with respect to the attachment;a sensing body having a tube formed substantially concentrically with the wheel axis, one end of the tube being fixed to the attachment, and the other end being connected to the hub, with a hub bearing being interposed between the other end and the hub; anda component force sensing unit having a bridge circuit including per component force at least four strain gauges that are provided on a circumferential surface of the tube of the sensing body, whereinthe hub bearing has:a radial bearing provided between the sensing body and the hub and receiving a load in a radial direction; anda thrust bearing provided between the sensing body and the hub and receiving a load in a thrust direction, and moreover provided separately from the radial bearing.2. The wheel operating ...

SENSOR

Provided is a sensor that is able to efficiently identify a variety of motions made by a user. The sensor includes: a structure body configured to be deformable by an external force; an electrode configured to be disposed at an arbitrary position of the structure body; a determination unit configured to determine a contact state of an object with the structure body based on a change in impedance measured using the electrode; and an output unit configured to output a signal based on the contact state of the object with the structure body to an external device. 1. A sensor comprising:a structure body configured to be deformable by an external force;an electrode configured to be disposed at an arbitrary position of the structure body;a determination unit configured to determine a contact state of an object with the structure body based on a change in impedance measured using the electrode; andan output unit configured to output a signal based on the contact state of the object with the structure body to an external device.2. The sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising an insulating shield member provided on a contact surface of the structure body with the object claim 1 ,wherein the shield member has one or a plurality of openings at which the object comes in contact with the structure body.3. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the determination unit is configured to determine the contact state of the object with the structure body based on a peak frequency and/or a height of a peak of a waveform indicative of the change in impedance measured.4. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the determination unit is configured to detect at least one of a distance between a contact position of the object with the structure body and the electrode claim 1 , an area of a contact surface of the structure body with the object claim 1 , pressing on the contact surface by the object claim 1 , and a material of the object based on the change in impedance.5. The ...

Support Plate for a Doctor of a Fiber Web Machine and Doctor Assembly of a Fiber Web Machine and Method in a Doctor of a Fiber Web Machine

The invention relates to a support plate of a doctor in a fiber web machine. The support plate () is designed to be removably fitted to a blade holder () and to support a doctor () in the blade holder (). The support plate () includes sensor devices () for detecting that a drop through has accrued either upstream from the doctor or at the doctor. The invention also relates to a doctor assembly of a fiber web machine and a method in a doctor of a fiber web machine. 117-. (canceled)18. A doctor assembly for a fiber web machine comprising:a holder;a doctor blade mounted to extend in a cross-machine direction on the holder;a support plate which is removably mounted to the holder in supporting engagement with the doctor blade;wherein the support plate defines a cross machine length;wherein the support plate having a doctor blade support side and an opposed side opposite the doctor blade support side, wherein the doctor blade support side has a distal end which supports a portion of the doctor blade which extends away from the holder;at least one strain detection sensor mounted to extend in the cross-machine direction along the support plate and extending essentially over the entire length defined by the support plate.19. The doctor assembly of wherein the strain detection sensor includes Bragg gratings connected to a fiber-optic waveguide.20. The doctor assembly of wherein the strain detection sensor is an electromechanical sensor.21. A doctor assembly for a fiber web machine comprising:a holder;a doctor blade mounted to the holder;a support plate formed of a base material, and wherein the support plate is removably mounted to the holder;wherein the support plate defines a cross machine length;wherein the support plate having a doctor blade support side and an opposed side opposite the doctor blade support side, wherein the doctor blade support side has a distal end which supports a portion of the doctor blade which extends away from the holder;at least one drop-through ...

PRESSURE-SENSITIVE SENSOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A pressure-sensitive sensor includes a hollow tubular member including an elastic insulation, plural electrode wires spaced from one another and held on an inner circumferential surface of the tubular member, and helical ribs formed on at least one of inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the tubular member along a longitudinal direction thereof. The electrode wires are helically arranged along the longitudinal direction. A helical direction of the helical ribs of the tubular member is a same as a helical direction of the helically-arranged electrode wires. 1. A pressure-sensitive sensor , comprising:a hollow tubular member comprising an elastic insulation;a plurality of electrode wires spaced from one another and held on an inner circumferential surface of the tubular member; andhelical ribs formed on at least one of inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the tubular member along a longitudinal direction thereof,wherein the electrode wires are helically arranged along the longitudinal direction, andwherein a helical direction of the helical ribs of the tubular member is a same as a helical direction of the helically-arranged electrode wires.2. A method for manufacturing a pressure-sensitive sensor that comprises a hollow tubular member comprising an elastic insulation , and a plurality of electrode wires spaced from one another and held on an inner circumferential surface of the tubular member , the method comprising:forming the tubular member by extruding the tubular elastic insulation such that the plurality of electrode wires are held on the inner circumferential surface while feeding the plurality of electrode wires at a distance from one another; andextruding the tubular elastic insulation while rotating the tubular elastic insulation in a circumferential direction of the tubular member such that the plurality of electrode wires are helically arranged along a longitudinal direction of the tubular member.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein ...

WEARABLE ELECTRONIC BELT DEVICE

A belt wearable by a human subject includes a variety of sensors that collect information about the wearer, the wearer's environment, and the wearer's movements. A communication interface on the belt allows sensor data collected by the belt to be transferred to a storage server. In some examples, the communication interface is a Wi-Fi interface, a cellular interface, or a removable memory interface. The data is processed to identify activities performed by the wearer such as walking, driving, and working at heights. In some examples, events such as aggressive driving events, slips and falls, and unsafe lifting are detected. In some examples, this information is used to generate reports that allow an employer to manage the productivity and safety of a workforce. 1. A computer-implemented method , comprising:obtaining, at a computer system, a set of sensor data from a belt worn by a subject, the set of sensor data describing a force applied to the belt;processing the sensor data to identify a set of activities performed by the subject;generating a measure based at least in part on the set of activities; andpresenting the measure.2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising sending a signal to the belt that causes the belt to provide an indication to the subject.3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:obtaining information that describes plurality of movements and movement directions;determining a path of motion traveled by the subject based at least in part on the plurality of movements and movement directions; andcausing the path of motion to be displayed.4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising determining that the subject has performed an activity by applying Correlation-based Feature Selection to the set of sensor data.5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining, based at least in part on the set of sensor data, that the subject performed a lifting action; ...

PRINTED ELECTRODE CATHETER

An elongate medical device may comprise an elongate tubular body, an electrode, and a trace. The elongate tubular body may comprise a distal end portion and a proximal end portion, the body defining a longitudinal axis. The electrode may comprise electrically-conductive ink extending circumferentially about a portion of the distal end portion. The trace may comprise electrically-conductive ink, electrically coupled with the electrode, extending proximally from the electrode. 1. (canceled)2. An elongate medical device including a force sensor , the elongate medical device comprising:a catheter body;a first electrically-conductive layer attached to the catheter body, the first electrically-conductive layer including first gridlines;a semiconductive layer disposed along the first electrically conductive layer, wherein the semiconductive layer includes semiconductive gridlines;a second electrically-conductive layer attached to the semiconductive layer, the second electrically-conductive layer including second gridlines, wherein at least one junction point is formed at a location where the semiconductive gridlines are located between the first gridlines of the first electrically-conductive layer and the second gridlines of the second electrically-conductive layer; andan electrically-insulative layer disposed on the second electrically-conductive layer.3. The force sensor of claim 2 , wherein the junction point is configured as a piezoelectric force sensor.4. The force sensor of further comprising a plurality of junction points configured as a plurality of piezoelectric force sensors.5. The force sensor of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of junction points are arranged in at least one of a plurality of rows and columns.6. The force sensor of . wherein the plurality of junction points are located between a plurality of rows of the first electrically-conductive layer and a column of the second electrically conductive layer.7. The force sensor of claim 5 , wherein the ...

Surge arrester for high voltages

An overvoltage arrester for high voltages having a high-voltage terminal that is connected to an arrester block forming a nonlinear resistor, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the arrester block. In order to enable a simple and reliable detection of the temperature of the arrester block continually during the operation thereof, the temperature sensor detects a change of the longitudinal extent of the arrester block.

Pressure sensing device with cavity and related methods

A pressure sensing device may include a body configured to distribute a load applied between first and second parts positioned one against the other, and a pressure sensor carried by the body. The pressure sensor may include a support body, and an IC die mounted with the support body and defining a cavity. The IC die may include pressure sensing circuitry responsive to bending associated with the cavity, and an IC interface coupled to the pressure sensing circuitry.

TRIBOELECTRIC PRESSURE SENSING CABLE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Provided is a triboelectric pressure sensing cable. The triboelectric pressure sensing cable comprises a central conducting wire, a high-molecular polymer insulating layer, an electrode layer, and an insulating outer layer, which are coaxially attached in sequence. The central conducting wire and the high-molecular polymer insulating layer, and/or the high-molecular polymer insulating layer and the electrode layer separately generate signals by the means of triboelectric effect. Also provided is a method for preparing the triboelectric pressure sensing cable. The method comprises the steps of (1) preparing a high-molecular polymer solution; (2) forming a hollow cavity framework used for casting; (3) casting; (4) molding; and (5) forming an insulating outer layer so as to obtain the triboelectric pressure sensing cable. The provided triboelectric pressure sensing cable can achieve a monitoring effect which is the same as that of a conventional pressure cable, without requiring a high input impedance circuit or a charge-amplifier. 1. A triboelectric pressure sensing cable comprising a central conducting wire , a high-molecular polymer insulating layer , an electrode layer and an insulating outer layer , which are coaxially attached in sequence;the central conducting wire and the high-molecular polymer insulating layer, and/or the high-molecular polymer insulating layer and the electrode layer generate signals by the means of triboelectric effect, respectively; the central conducting wire and the electrode layer are output electrodes of the triboelectric pressure sensing cable.2. The triboelectric pressure sensing cable of claim 1 , wherein the material used for the electrode layer is one or more selected from indium tin oxide claim 1 , silver nanowire membrane claim 1 , copper claim 1 , iron claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , silver claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , tin claim 1 , ...

SENSORS AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SENSORS

A method for producing a sensor on the surface of a functional layer, in which suitable sensor material in the form of powder or a wire is melted in a laser beam by way of a method similar to laser cladding and subsequently is applied to the surface of the functional layer. There is provided a considerably improved method for producing sensors, and in particular in-situ sensors, wherein the sensors can also be deposited onto a functional layer that, in part, is very coarse, without having to employ complex masks, as has previously been customary. The ease of adapting the method parameters ensures broad use both with respect to the sensor to be produced and the functional layer to be detected. The sensors thus produced are used, in particular, to detect components that are subject to high temperatures or the functional layers thereof. The sensors that can be produced in accordance with the invention include, in particular, temperature, pressure or voltage sensors, as well as acceleration sensors. 1. A method for producing a sensor on the surface of a functional layer , wherein the sensor material is at least partially melted in a laser beam using a method similar to laser cladding and is subsequently applied onto the surface of the functional layer , wherein , during the application of the sensor material , the surface temperature of the functional layer is established so as to be lower than the melting temperature of the functional layer.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the establishing of the surface temperature of the functional layer is achieved by limiting the heat input by shielding the process laser by way of the delivery rate of the sensor material.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a ceramic thermal barrier coating claim 1 , an insulating layer claim 1 , an oxidation (or corrosion) protective layer or an environmentally stable (thermal) protective layer is used as the functional layer.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT UNIT FOR A POLYMORPHOUS DEVICE FOR FORCE MEASUREMENT AND POLYMORPHOUS DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

An electronic measurement unit for a polymorphous device, comprising a number of lateral structures, each lateral structure including: a support structure; at least one sensor constrained to the support structure and generating an electrical signal indicative of a deformation of the support structure; and a coupling structure that constrains a corresponding external covering element to the support structure in a releasable manner, so that when the external covering element is constrained to the support structure and an external force acts on the external covering element, the electrical signal is indicative of the external force. 1. An electronic measurement unit for a polymorphous device for the measurement of a hand grasp , comprising a number of lateral structures , each lateral structure comprising:a support structure;at least one sensor constrained to the support structure and configured to generate an electrical signal indicative of a deformation of said support structure; andcoupling means configured to constrain a corresponding user-manipulable external covering element to said support structure in a releasable manner, so that when said corresponding external covering element is constrained to said support structure and an external force acts on said corresponding external covering element, said electrical signal is indicative of said external force.2. The electronic unit according to claim 1 , wherein the lateral structures are arranged so as to form a polyhedron.3. The electronic unit according to claim 2 , wherein each lateral structure is coupled to a number of lateral structures adjacent to it by means of corresponding connection elements claim 2 , each connection element being coupled to the support structure of the lateral structure and partially extending claim 2 , with play claim 2 , inside a housing cavity formed inside the support structure of the corresponding adjacent lateral structure.4. The electronic unit according to claim 3 , wherein said ...

Method for observing and/or monitoring strains occurring on a sports shoe, and a sports shoe for use in such a method

A method for observing and/or monitoring strains which occur during sporting activities uses a sport shoe having downwardly extending engaging elements on a support which are pivotable about an axis perpendicular to a tread outsole. The method includes: observing how often the support is turned from its starting position within a time interval; forming a first variable which is a measure for the number of occurred turning movements of the support from the starting position observed within the time interval; and/or determining the pivot angle of the support and forming a second variable which is a measure for the sum of the pivot angles which occurred during the turning movements from the starting position which took place in said time interval, wherein the aforementioned steps are carried out by devices which are provided in or on the sport shoe; and displaying the first and/or second variables.

ANALYTICAL METHOD OF DETERMINING THE SOLUTION OF AN OBJECT WITH EDGES UNDER APPLIED LOAD

An analytical method of determining the solution of an object with a plurality of planar surfaces under applied load includes the steps of assigning the load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces in the three dimensional directions respectively, determining the equivalent load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces in the three dimensional directions from the applied loads with the stress boundary conditions, and determining the stress and strain fields from the equivalent load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces. 1. An analytical method of determining the solution of an object with a plurality of planar surfaces under applied load , comprising the steps of:A. assigning the load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces in the three dimensional directions respectively; andB. determining the equivalent load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces in the three dimensional directions from the applied load with the stress boundary conditions.C. determining the stress and strain fields from the equivalent load applied on each of the plurality of planar surfaces.2. The analytical method according to claim 1 , wherein step B includes determining a transformation matrix associated with the physical characteristic of a said object and in turn the equivalent load from the applied load.3. The analytical method according to claim 2 , wherein the physical characteristic includes the elastic property of a said object and the relative orientations between the planar surfaces.4. The analytical method according to claim 2 , wherein each of the plurality of planar surfaces is divided into a plurality of uniformly loaded sections each having a centre respectively.5. The analytical method according to claim 4 , wherein the applied load includes the accumulation of uniform loads applied on each uniformly loaded section.6. The analytical method according to claim 2 , wherein the transformation matrix includes the ...

Measuring Device for Automated Welding Devices, in Particular for Robot Welding Tongs

The disclosure relates to a measuring device () for automated welding devices, in particular for robot welding tongs with a housing (); with a holding piece (); that is affixed inside the housing () and insulated against the housing () by means of a first insulating ring (); that has a reception space () with a base wall () and an affixing appliance (); and with a load cell () that is affixed inside the housing () opposite the base wall () and that is insulated against the housing () by means of a circumferential second insulating ring () and an insulating washer appliance () located at the front-face side and adjacent to the base wall (). 1. Measuring device for automated welding devices , in particular for robot welding tongs , the measuring device comprising:a housing; that is affixed inside the housing and is insulated against the housing by means of a first insulating ring, and', 'that has a reception space with a base wall and an affixing appliance; and, 'a holding piece,'} that is affixed inside the housing opposite the base wall, and', 'that is insulated against the housing by means of a circumferential second insulating ring and an insulating washer appliance located at the front-face side and adjacent to the base wall., 'a load cell,'}2. Measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the first insulating ring is embodied in a stepped manner corresponding to a stepped outer contour of the holding piece.3. Measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the affixing appliance has a clamping ring that is arranged inside the reception space and abuts an inner circumferential surface claim 1 , and that acts together with a tensioning screw arrangement via a shim abutting it at the outer side claim 1 , with the tensioning screw arrangement abutting the shim via a front face of a threaded bolt.4. Measuring device according to claim 3 , wherein the threaded bolt arrangement has a handling element claim 3 , in particular in the form of a star grip claim 3 , that ...

SENSING DEVICE

A sensing device including a sensor, a triggering mechanism is provided. The sensing device is attachable to a covering positioned in contact with a body such that the triggering mechanism extends between first and second segments of the body. Movement of at least one of the first and second segments activates the triggering mechanism to provide an input to the sensor, actuating the sensor to generate an output defining at least one measurement of the movement. The measurement may be one or more of rotation, translation, velocity, acceleration, and joint angle. An intermediate mechanism may be interposed between the triggering mechanism and the sensor. The sensing device may include a means to process or record measurements corresponding to movement. A system and method of measuring the movement is also provided. 1. A system for analyzing a movement of a body , the system comprising: a first covering portion configured to cover a moving segment of the body;', 'a second covering portion configured to cover a reference segment of the body;', one of the first and second covering portions includes a triggering mechanism;', 'the other of the first and second covering portions includes a sensor operatively connected to the triggering mechanism such that a movement of the moving segment activates the triggering mechanism to provide an input to the sensor; and', 'wherein the input activates the sensor to generate an output defined by the movement., 'wherein], 'a covering for a body, the covering including2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:an output device in communication with the sensor to receive the output.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the output device includes a display configured to display the output.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the output device includes a display configured to display a message defined by the output.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the message includes a count of the movements sensed by the sensor.6. The system of claim 5 , ...

Vehicular Seat Element

There is disclosed a vehicular seat element comprising a first major surface, a second major surface and a foam core element disposed therebetween. The first major surface is configured to be in contact with an occupant of the vehicle and the second major surface is configured to be in contact with a support surface of the vehicle. The first major surface comprises a rate sensitive foam element secured with respect to the foam core element. The foam core element and the rate sensitive foam element are different from one another. 1. A vehicular seat element a first major surface , a second major surface and a foam core element disposed therebetween , the first major surface configured to be in contact with an occupant of the vehicle and the second major surface configured to be in contact with a support surface of the vehicle , the first major surface comprising a rate sensitive foam element secured with respect to the foam core element , the foam core element and the rate sensitive foam element being different.25-. (canceled)6. The vehicular seat element defined in claim 1 , wherein the HR polyurethane foam has a density in the range of from about 50 to about 60 kg/m3 when determined according to ASTM D3574-11 (Test A).7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. The vehicular seat element defined in claim 1 , wherein the HR polyurethane foam has a tear strength in the range of from about 800 to about 900 N/m when determined according to ASTM D3574-11 (Test F).10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The vehicular seat element defined in claim 1 , wherein the HR polyurethane foam has an elongation at break in the range of from about 110% to about 140% when determined according to ASTM D3574-11 (Test E).13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. The vehicular seat element defined in claim 1 , wherein the HR polyurethane foam has a tensile strength in the range of from about 180 to about 200 kPa when determined according to ASTM D3574-11 (Test E).16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. The vehicular seat ...

Pressure detection method and apparatus, and storage medium

A pressure detection method is provided. The method includes: sampling n frames of fingerprint image in sequence by a fingerprint recognition sensor, where n≥2 and n is an integer; obtaining an area of fingerprint in each of the n frames of fingerprint image; and determining a change trend of a pressure acting on the fingerprint recognition sensor according to a change trend of the areas in the n frames of fingerprint image.

FORCE SENSOR

A force sensor includes: a base; a first movable portion arranged to face the base; a second movable portion arranged to face the first movable portion; a support that is provided on the base and rockably supports the first movable portion and the second movable portion; a joint that is provided to the support and rotatably supports the second movable portion; and a first detection unit that can detect a force component causing the first movable portion and the second movable portion to rock and a second detection unit that can detect a force component causing the second movable portion to rotate, when external force is applied to at least one of the first movable portion and the second movable portion. 1. A force sensor comprising:a base;a first movable portion arranged to face the base;a second movable portion arranged to face the first movable portion;a support that is provided on the base and rockably supports the first movable portion and the second movable portion;a joint that is provided to the support and rotatably supports the second movable portion; anda first detection unit that can detect a force component causing the first movable portion and the second movable portion to rock and a second detection unit that can detect a force component causing the second movable portion to rotate, when external force is applied to at least one of the first movable portion and the second movable portion.2. The force sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the first movable portion and the second movable portion are arranged above the base in a vertical direction.3. The force sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe first detection unit includes three or more sensors, andthe sensors are capable of emitting light and detecting reflected light of the light.4. The force sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe first detection unit includes four sensors, andtwo of the four sensors are arranged on one straight line while remaining two sensors are arranged on another straight ...

INSTRUMENTED TOOLS FOR MONITORING INTERACTION DYNAMICS DURING CONTACT TASK

An instrumented tool for surface finishing of a work-piece, the instrumented tool comprising: a tool configured to be spun and brought into contact with the work-piece while spinning; a spindle configured to provide a spinning torque to spin the tool; a flexible coupler provided between the spindle and the tool to transmit only spinning torque of the spindle to the tool; a rigid connection provided between the spindle and the tool in parallel to the flexible coupler; and a multi-axis force/torque/strain/pressure sensor attached to at least the rigid connection; wherein the rigid connection and the multi-axis force/torque sensor are decoupled from spinning of the spindle and the tool, and wherein the multi-axis force/torque sensor is configured to measure at least one of: contact force and torque between the tool and the work-piece. 1. An instrumented tool for surface finishing of a work-piece , the instrumented tool comprising:a tool configured to be spun and brought into contact with the work-piece while spinning;a spindle configured to provide a spinning torque to spin the tool;a flexible coupler provided between the spindle and the tool to transmit only spinning torque of the spindle to the tool;a rigid connection provided between the spindle and the tool in parallel to the flexible coupler; anda multi-axis force/torque/strain/pressure sensor attached to at least the rigid connection;wherein the rigid connection and the multi-axis force/torque sensor are decoupled from spinning of the spindle and the tool, andwherein the multi-axis force/torque sensor is configured to measure at least one of: contact force and torque between the tool and the work-piece.2. The instrumented tool of claim 1 , wherein the rigid connection comprises a first rigid bracket attached to a casing of the spindle and a second rigid bracket attached to a holder of the tool.3. The instrumented tool of claim 2 , wherein the first rigid bracket is L-shaped and the second rigid bracket is L- ...

TACTILE SENSORS AND METHODS OF FABRICATING TACTILE SENSORS

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a tactile sensor comprising an elastomeric membrane having a channel formed therein, a liquid conductive material located in the channel, and electrodes electrically connected to the liquid conductive material, sufficient to form a stretchable electronic tactile sensor, wherein the stretchable electronic tactile sensor can be stretched over 50% in at least two axial directions from a resting state of the stretchable electronic tactile sensor. Embodiments further describe a method of fabricating a tactile sensor comprising providing a mold for fixing a plurality of filaments in parallel on a first plane and on a second plane; casting a curable material into the mold; curing the curable material to form a membrane; extracting the plurality of filaments from the membrane to form microfluidic channels in the membrane; and functionalizing the membrane by introducing a conductive liquid into the microfluidic channels of the membrane. 1. A tactile sensor comprising;an elastomeric membrane having a channel formed therein;a liquid conductive material located in the channel; andelectrodes electrically connected to the liquid conductive material, sufficient to form a stretchable electronic tactile sensor;wherein the stretchable electronic tactile sensor can be stretched more than 50% in at least two axial directions from a resting state of the stretchable electronic tactile sensor.2. The tactile sensor of claim 1 , wherein the stretchable electronic tactile sensor can be stretched more than 100% in at least two axial directions from the resting state of the stretchable electronic tactile sensor.3. The tactile sensor of claim 1 , wherein the stretchable electronic tactile sensor can be stretched more than 200% in at least two axial directions from the resting state of the stretchable electronic tactile sensor.4. The tactile sensor of claim 1 , wherein the liquid conductive material includes one or more of a eutectic alloy claim 1 , ...

LOAD CELL FOR LINEAR ACTUATOR

The disclosure relates to a load cell for a linear actuator. The load cell configured to measure a force exerted thereon by a rotary motor, and includes a spring element, a hollow portion and at least one strain gauge. The spring element includes a first side and a second side. The first side and the second side are opposite to each other. The hollow portion passes through the spring element. The at least one strain gauge is secured on the spring element and located between the first side and the second side, wherein when the force is exerted on the spring element when the rotary motor is driven to move along the first direction, the second side is moved relative to the first side, the spring element is deformed, and the at least one strain gauge changes shape, so that the force is measured and standardized under a specific range. 1. A load cell for a linear actuator , wherein the linear actuator comprises a linear motor and a rotary motor , the load cell is configured to measure a force exerted thereon by the rotary motor when the linear actuator drives the rotary motor through the load cell to move along a first direction , and the load cell comprises:a spring element comprising a first side and a second side, wherein the first side and the second side are opposite to each other, the linear motor is mounted on the first side and the rotary motor is mounted on the second side;a hollow portion passing through the spring element;at least one strain gauge secured on the spring element and located between the first side and the second side, wherein when the force is exerted on the second side of the spring element by the rotary motor in the first direction, the second side is moved relative to the first side, the spring element is deformed, and the at least one strain gauge changes shape, so that the force exerted by the rotary motor in the first direction is measured and standardized under a specific range; andat least one limitation part connected to the spring ...

Triboelectric Generators and Sensors

A triboelectric power system includes a triboelectric generator, a rechargeable energy storage unit and a power management circuit. The rechargeable energy storage unit is associated to the triboelectric generator. The power management circuit is configured to receive an input current from the triboelectric generator and to deliver an output current corresponding to the input current to the rechargeable battery so that the output current has a current direction and a voltage that will recharge the rechargeable battery. 1. A triboelectric power system , comprising:(a) a triboelectric generator;(b) a rechargeable energy storage unit associated with the triboelectric generator; and(c) a power management circuit configured to receive an input current from the triboelectric generator and to deliver an output current corresponding to the input current to the rechargeable battery so that the output current has a current direction and a voltage that will recharge the rechargeable battery.3. The triboelectric power system of claim 2 , further comprising a separating mechanism configured to maintain the triboelectric generator in the resting state unless the predetermined force is applied thereto.4. The triboelectric power system of claim 2 , wherein at least a selected on of each first conductive electrode layer and each second dielectric layer includes a nano-scale texture applied thereto.5. The triboelectric power system of claim 1 , wherein the rechargeable energy storage unit comprises an energy storage unit selected from a group of energy storage units consisting of: a rechargeable battery claim 1 , a capacitor claim 1 , a super capacitor claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The triboelectric power system of claim 1 , wherein the rechargeable energy storage unit comprises a lithium ion battery that includes:(a) an aluminum electrode layer;{'sub': '4', '(b) an LiFePOlayer disposed on the aluminum electrode layer;'}(c) a separator layer;{'sub': '2', '(d) a carbon fiber ...

THREAD TENSIONING MEMBER IN WELDED HEADER STRUCTURE

An improved header assembly and corresponding port assembly comprising a tensioning member, wherein the tensioning member is isolated and separate from the weld portion and is adapted to place a threaded portion between the header assembly and port assembly in tension and maintain such tension, and thus relieve tension from the weld, before and after welding, thereby increasing the lifespan of the header and port assemblies. 1. A method , comprising:providing a header assembly comprising a first threaded portion;providing a port assembly comprising a second threaded portion configured to mate with the first threaded portion of the transducer header assembly;providing a tensioning member adapted to maintain tension between the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion;mating the header assembly with the port assembly by engaging the first threaded portion with the second threaded portion;pre-loading, by the tensioning member, a tension between the first threaded portion and the second threaded portion; andsecurely connecting, while maintaining pre-loading tension, a portion of the header assembly to a portion of the transducer port assembly at an interface between the header assembly and the port assembly.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein securely connecting the portion of the header assembly to the portion of the port assembly comprises applying a weld at an interface between the header assembly and port assembly.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the header and port assemblies are constructed of metals having lower or substantially similar melting temperatures as a temperature of the weld.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the weld is an electron beam weld.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein pre-loading comprises applying a torque between the header assembly and the port assembly.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tensioning member is location- and temperature-isolated from interface between the header assembly and the port assembly.7. The method ...

MULTI-MODAL VEHICLE DOOR HANDLE

A door handle includes a handle body with an external surface, an internal portion, and a mounting feature configured to couple the handle body to a door. The door handle also includes a force sensing element disposed in the internal portion of the handle body. The first force sensing element is configured to measure a force applied to the external surface of the door handle. The door handle further includes a communication element coupled to the force sensing element. The force measured by the force sensing element is used to determine an output function. 1. A door handle comprising:a handle body comprising an external surface, an internal portion, and a mounting feature configured to couple the handle body to a door;a first force sensing element disposed in the internal portion of the handle body, the first force sensing element being configured to measure a first force applied to the external surface of the door handle; anda communication element coupled to the force sensing element, the communication element being configured to send the first force measured by the force sensing element to a processing device.2. The door handle of further comprising a haptic emission element configured to produce a haptic emission in response to the first force sensing element measuring the first force being applied to the external surface of the door handle.3. The door handle of further comprising a second force sensing element being disposed at a distal location of the internal portion of the handle body claim 1 , wherein the first force sensing element is disposed at a proximal location of the internal portion of the handle body.4. The door handle of claim 3 , wherein the first force is applied to the external surface of the door handle near the proximal location of the internal portion of the handle body claim 3 , the first force sensing element being configured to detect the first force near the proximal location of the internal portion of the handle body.5. The door handle ...

FORCE SENSOR

A force sensor including a sensing element and a circuit board is provided. The sensing element has a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other and has a sensing portion, wherein the sensing portion is located at the top surface. The circuit board is disposed above the top surface and electrically connected to the sensing element, wherein the sensing portion is adapted to generate a sensing signal through an external force transferred from the circuit board to the top surface. 1. A force sensor , comprising:a sensing element having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to each other and comprising a sensing portion, wherein the sensing portion is located at the top surface; anda circuit board disposed above the top surface and electrically connected to the sensing element, wherein the sensing portion is adapted to generate a sensing signal through an external force transferred from the circuit board to the top surface,a gel, covering at least a portion of the sensing element, wherein the gel comprises a first gel material and a second gel material, and the first gel material is aligned with the sensing portion and the second gel material surrounds the first gel material.2. The force sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the circuit board comprises a peripheral portion and a central portion claim 1 , wherein the central portion is surrounded by the peripheral portion and is aligned with the sensing portion claim 1 , and the sensing element supports the peripheral portion claim 1 , and the sensing portion is adapted to generate the sensing signal through the external force transferred from the central portion to the top surface.3. The force sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of conductive bumps disposed between the top surface and the circuit board claim 1 , wherein the sensing element supports the circuit board through the conductive bumps and is electrically connected to the circuit board through the conductive bumps.4. ...

PROTECTOR WITH SENSOR AND METHOD OF MOLDING END PART OF THE SAME

A protector with a sensor is installed on a sliding door for detecting an object by touch between two core wires in a hollow part. In a terminal part of the protector with the sensor, the core wires drawn out are connected with legs of a resistor. A primary seal is formed by grinding a surface of the hollow part of the terminal part of an extrusion molded part, positioning a ground part on a die and covering wire connection parts and a side of another end of an insert while also covering the ground part by means of injection molding. A secondary seal is formed by means of the injection molding for coating a part formed with the primary seal for forming an external shape of a product. 1. A protector with a sensor comprising: an installation base member operatively coupled on a peripheral edge of an opening/closing panel which moves between at least two positions to open and close an opening of an automobile body or on a peripheral edge of said opening of the automobile body , the opening/closing panel including a door and a sun roof of an automobile; and a hollow part unified with the installation base member , the hollow part having two core wires and a space provided therein , the space being positioned between the two core wires; said installation base member and said hollow part forming an extrusion molded part made of a rubber like elastic body which is extrusion molded , in which:when an object is disposed between said opening/closing panel and said opening and makes contact with said hollow part when said opening/closing panel is moved towards a closed position, a corresponding change in electric signal detects said object; andin a terminal part of said extrusion molded part, said core wires drawn out in a longitudinal direction are connected with two leads, said two leads being joined with a control unit or an electrical component, and a side of one end of an insert made of a non-conductive material is inserted in and fills up said space, and said terminal ...

Protector with sensor and method of molding end part of the same

A protector with a sensor is installed on a sliding door for detecting an object by touch between two core wires in a hollow part. In a terminal part of the protector with the sensor, the core wires drawn out are connected with leads joined with a control unit. A primary seal is formed by means of injection molding for covering wire connection parts and another end side of an insert while also covering a skin of a wire harness which ties and coats the two leads. A secondary seal is formed by means of the injection molding for coating a part formed with the primary seal and for forming an external shape of a product.

Prober and method for positioning probe tip and obtaining probe and polishing sheet contact data

A prober and methods using the prober for positioning a probe tip and for obtaining contact data of a probe and a polishing sheet. The prober comprises a probe card holder for holding a probe card having at least one probe, and each of the at least one probe having a probe tip; a force sensor, provided below the probe card holder, and having a sensing surface for being in contact with the probe tip; and at least one moving device, for moving the force sensor and the probe relatively in the direction toward each other, wherein, as the probe tip being in contact with the sensing surface, the force sensor sensing a force and producing a signal, so as to stop moving the force sensor and the probe relatively.

CONNECTED PLASTIC/TEXTILE SHEET

A sheet includes a carrier made of an electrically non-conductive material and at least one sensor wire associated with said carrier, wherein the wire reacts electrically to an exterior stress. 1. A sheet comprising a carrier made of an electrically non-conductive material and at least one sensor wire associated with said carrier , wherein said at least one sensor wire reacts electrically to an exterior stress.2. The sheet according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one sensor wire comprises insulating components and conductive components that are intimately associated and arranged to allow conductive bridges to appear between the conductive components of said at least one sensor wire claim 1 , and wherein said at least one sensor wire is associated with the carrier so that at least one exterior stress applied to said carrier is directly transmitted to said at least one sensor wire in order to provoke a variation in the number of conductive bridges and cause an electrical reaction.3. The sheet according to claim 2 , wherein said at least one sensor wire includes at least one strand formed from a spun yarn of conductive fibres claim 2 , which yarn is composed of intermixed insulating fibres and conductive fibres.4. The sheet according to claim 2 , wherein said at least one sensor wire includes a filament made from an insulating material filled with conductive particles.5. The sheet according to claim 2 , wherein said at least one sensor wire includes a plurality of filaments at least two of which are conductive claim 2 , the rest being insulating filaments.6. The sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier is made of a plastic material.7. The sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier is composed of textile filaments or wires that may be randomly arranged with respect to one other claim 1 , the carrier possibly claim 1 , where appropriate claim 1 , being woven claim 1 , nonwoven claim 1 , knitted or tressed.8. The sheet according to claim 7 , wherein the ...

TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR USING IONIC ELASTOMER

The present invention relates to an triboelectric nanogenerator using an ionic elastomer that increases internal electric capacity and allows a large amount of electric charge to be located on a surface to generate a large amount of electrical energy. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to the present invention includes a first electrode; an ionic elastomer disposed on the first electrode and including an elastomer and an ionic liquid; a second electrode disposed to be spaced apart from the first electrode and electrically connected to the first electrode; and an insulator disposed under the second electrode, selectively contacting the ionic elastomer, and formed of a material that has a negative charge compared to the ionic elastomer. In this case, the ionic elastomer and the insulator are brought into contact with each other or are separated from each other by external force, and electrical energy is generated between the first and second electrodes when the ionic elastomer and the insulator are brought into contact with each other and separated from each other. 1. An triboelectric nanogenerator using an ionic elastomer , the triboelectric nanogenerator comprising:a first electrode;an ionic elastomer disposed on the first electrode and comprising an elastomer and an ionic liquid;a second electrode disposed to be spaced apart from the first electrode and electrically connected to the first electrode; andan insulator disposed under the second electrode, selectively contacting the ionic elastomer, and formed of a material that has a negative charge compared to the ionic elastomer,wherein the ionic elastomer and the insulator are brought into contact with each other or are separated from each other by external force, and electrical energy is generated between the first and second electrodes when the ionic elastomer and the insulator are brought into contact with each other and separated from each other.2. The triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1 , ...

Temperature Compensating Transparent Force Sensor

An optically transparent force sensor, which may be used as input to an electronic device. The optically transparent force sensor may be configured to compensate for variations in temperature using two or more force-sensitive components that are formed from materials having different temperature- and strain-dependent responses.

Arrester Temperature Monitor

An instrumented electric power voltage arrester includes a temperature sensor, wireless transmitter, and a visual over-temperature indicator. A disk shaped module, a replacement varister block, or a dummy block containing the sensor/transmitter is placed between varister blocks inside the arrester housing. A strap-on module is attached to the outside of the arrester housing. The sensor/transmitter utilizes a harvesting power supply that draws electric power for the electronics from the power line protected by the arrester. An ambient temperature sensor may be utilized to enhance accuracy. The temperature sensor/transmitter typically sends arrester monitoring data wirelessly to an RTU or handheld unit located outside the arrester, which relays the monitoring data to an operations control center that scheduled replacement of the arrester based on the monitoring data. A surge counter keeps track of the number of equipment and lightning related temperature surges experienced by the arrester.

SIGNAL COMPENSATION UNIT, BEND SENSOR MODULE, AND INPUT UNIT

A signal compensation unit includes an adjustment section configured to adjust temporal variation characteristics of a detection signal obtained by a bend sensor. The adjustment section includes: a signal amplifier including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, and an output terminal, and amplifying the detection signal; and a resistor for adjustment of the temporal variation characteristics disposed between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the signal amplifier. 1. A signal compensation unit , comprising an adjustment section configured to adjust temporal variation characteristics of a detection signal obtained by a bend sensor , wherein the adjustment section includes:a signal amplifier including a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, and an output terminal, and amplifying the detection signal; anda resistor for adjustment of the temporal variation characteristics disposed between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the signal amplifier.2. The signal compensation unit according to claim 1 , wherein magnitude of impedance of the resistor is adjusted to allow attenuation characteristics as the temporal variation characteristics to be suppressed.3. The signal compensation unit according to claim 2 , wherein as the impedance increases claim 2 , a suppression level of the attenuation characteristics increases.4. The signal compensation unit according to claim 3 , wherein the magnitude of the impedance is adjusted to allow the attenuation characteristics to be approximated using one or more types of attenuation lines.5. The signal compensation unit according to claim 4 , wherein the magnitude of the impedance is adjusted to allow the suppression level of the attenuation characteristics to be maximized while the attenuation characteristics are approximated using one type of attenuation line.6. The signal compensation unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a compensation ...

SENSING DEVICE

A sensing device including a sensor, a triggering mechanism is provided. The sensing device is attachable to a covering positioned in contact with a body such that the triggering mechanism extends between first and second segments of the body. Movement of at least one of the first and second segments activates the triggering mechanism to provide an input to the sensor, actuating the sensor to generate an output defining at least one measurement of the movement. The measurement may be one or more of rotation, translation, velocity, acceleration, and joint angle. An intermediate mechanism may be interposed between the triggering mechanism and the sensor. The sensing device may include a means to process or record measurements corresponding to movement. A system and method of measuring the movement is also provided. 1. A sensing device for sensing movement of a non-living movable body , the sensing device comprising:a sensor operatively attachable to a covering;a triggering mechanism operatively attachable at a first end to the covering and operatively connected at a second end to the sensor;wherein the covering includes first and second covering portions and is positionable on a non-living movable body such that the first covering portion is in contact with a first segment of the non-living movable body and the second covering portion is positioned in contact with a second segment of the non-living movable body; one of the sensor and the first end is attached to one of the first and second covering portions,', 'the other of the sensor and the first end is attached to the other of the first and second covering portions, and', 'the triggering mechanism extends from the first segment to the second segment,, 'wherein, when the sensing device is attached to the covering and the covering is positioned in contact with the non-living movable bodysuch that a movement of one of the first and second segments activates the triggering mechanism to provide an input to the sensor; ...

MICRO ELECTRO-MECHANICAL STRAIN DISPLACEMENT SENSOR AND USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM

A low power consumption multi-contact micro electro-mechanical strain/displacement sensor and miniature autonomous self-contained systems for recording of stress and usage history with direct output suitable for fatigue and load spectrum analysis are provided. In aerospace applications the system can assist in prediction of fatigue of a component subject to mechanical stresses as well as in harmonizing maintenance and overhauls intervals. In alternative applications, i.e. civil structures, general machinery, marine and submarine vessels, etc., the system can autonomously record strain history, strain spectrum or maximum values of the strain over a prolonged period of time using an internal power supply or a power supply combined with an energy harvesting device. The sensor is based on MEMS technology and incorporates a micro array of flexible micro or nano-size cantilevers. The system can have extremely low power consumption while maintaining precision and temperature/humidify independence. 1. A system for monitoring a health of a structure comprising:at least one structural strain or displacement sensor providing electronic signal in response to mechanical strain or displacement caused by a loading condition and affecting said structure;a processor receiving said signal from said at least one structural strain or displacement sensor, and processing and compressing said signal by comparing said strain or displacement with a reference value to determine a variable for said loading condition related to determining potential damage of said structure or abnormality in said structure and updating said variable for an output;a database in communication with said processor, said electronic database storing said output received form said processor; anda power source for providing energy to at least one of said processor, said sensor and said database.2. The system of is a self-contained system comprising a hermetic housing and having communication means to transmit said ...

ROPE STRUCTURES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS INCORPORATING RFID TRANSMITTERS

An RFID rope structure comprises an RFID thread and a plurality of rope elements. The RFID thread comprises a carrying structure and a plurality of RFID systems supported by the carrying structure. The plurality of rope elements are combined to define a reference axis. The RFID thread is supported by the rope elements such that each of the RFID systems is arranged at a predetermined location along the rope reference axis. 1. An RFID rope structure comprising:an RFID thread comprising a carrying structure and a plurality of RFID systems supported by the carrying structure; anda plurality of rope elements combined to define a reference axis; whereinthe RFID thread is supported by the rope elements such that each of the RFID systems is arranged at a predetermined location along the rope reference axis.2. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 1 , in which:the rope elements are combined to form at least one strand; andthe RFID thread is incorporated into the at least one strand.3. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 1 , in which:the rope elements are combined to form a plurality of strands; andthe RFID thread is incorporated into the at least one of the plurality of strands.4. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 1 , in which:the combined rope elements define a rope length;the RFID thread defines a thread length; andthe RFID thread length is greater than the rope length.5. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 1 , in which the RFID systems are arranged at evenly spaced locations along the rope reference axis.6. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a jacket structure that extends along at least a portion of a length of the RFID thread.7. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 6 , further comprising a spacer structure that extends along at least a portion of the length of the RFID thread within the jacket structure.8. An RFID rope structure as recited in claim 6 , further comprising a plurality of discrete spacer ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CALCULATING DAMAGE REPAIR COST

A cost calculating device mounted on a vehicle to calculate repair cost for damage includes a number of pressure sensors, at least one flaw detector, and a processor. The pressure sensors detect changes in pressure value in collisions. The processor acquires the pressure values from each of the pressure sensors and determines whether a pressure value is greater than a preset value. The flaw detector detects damage data if the acquired pressure value is greater than the preset value. The processor further determines a damage ratio according to the damage data and a pre-stored data for undamaged vehicle, and determines a repair cost according to the damage ratio and a pre-stored table recording a relationship between different damage ratios and repair costs. A cost calculating method is also provided. 1. A repair cost calculating device comprising:a plurality of pressure sensors to detect a pressure value when a collision is occurred to a vehicle;at least one flaw detector to detect damage data of the vehicle, wherein the damage data comprises a location of the damage, a type of the damage, a size of the damage area, and a depth of the damage area;at least one processor coupled to the pressure sensors and the at least one flaw detector; and acquire a pressure value from each of the pressure sensors and determine whether the pressure value is greater than a preset value;', 'control the at least one flaw detector to detect the damage data of the vehicle if the acquired pressure value is greater than the preset value;', 'obtain the damage data from the at least one flaw detector and determine a damage ratio according to the damage data and a pre-stored data which represents an undamaged vehicle; and', 'determine a damage repair cost according to the damage ratio and a pre-stored table recording a relationship between different damage ratios and damage repair cost., 'at least one storage device storing one or more programs, when executed by the at least one processor, the ...

Analog-to-Digital Converter and Sensor Arrangement Including the Same

A sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter including a gain element connected to an integrator. The gain element switches between different gain values during consecutive phases of a clock signal having a different number of clock cycles. A counter is configured to count with a different increment step size dependent on the first and second gain values. The converter may be part of a sensor arrangement with a temperature sensor. 1. An analog-to-digital converter , comprising:an input terminal for an analog signal to be converted;a first output terminal for a digital signal representing the analog signal to be converted;a terminal for a reference signal;a summing node connected to the input terminal for the analog signal to be converted, the summing node having a second output terminal;an integrator connected downstream of the summing node;a comparator connected downstream of the integrator and having a terminal for a clock signal and further having an output;a feedback loop including a switch controlled by the output of the comparator, the switch connected between an input of the summing node and the terminal for the reference signal;a gain element connected between the second output terminal of the summing node and the integrator, the gain element configured to switch between a first gain and a second gain, the first gain being different from the second gain, wherein the gain element is configured to operate with the first gain during a first number of cycles of the clock signal and to operate with the second gain during a consecutive second number of cycles of the clock signal; anda counter connected downstream from the comparator, the counter configured to selectively count one of a first increment step size and a second increment step size in response to a signal from the comparator and dependent on one of the first gain or second gain, the counter connected to the first output terminal to provide the digital signal.2. The analog-to-digital converter according to ...

Tensiometer

Tensiometer device for measuring soil water tension. A pair of screws secures a load cell or strain gauge to an inner frame, a dowel pin transmits force to the load cell, a polymer chamber is enclosed on one side by a rubber dam that retains the polymer within the polymer chamber, and a hydrophilic porous window covers the rubber dam. A second pair of screws secure an outer frame to the inner frame holding the components of one or more tensiometers spaced across the frame, and an end cap. The load cell acts as a strain gauge transferring the force exerted on it as a change in electrical voltage that can be converted to a soil water tension (SWT) measurement. 1. A tensiometer device comprisingan inner frame; a polymer chamber;', 'the polymer chamber engaging a dowel pin on one side;', 'the polymer chamber covered by a rubber dam on an opposing side of the dowel pin;', 'the rubber dam covered by a hydrophilic, porous window;', 'a load cell secured to the inner frame;', 'the load cell engaging the dowel pin;', 'the dowel pin exerting a force on the load cell; and', 'an outer frame secured to the inner frame., 'the inner frame having one or more tensiometers, each tensiometer comprising2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the outer frame slides over the inner frame and a pair of end caps close off and seal the ends of the outer frame.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the load cell acts as a strain gauge transferring the force exerted on it as a change in electrical voltage that can be converted to a soil water tension (SWT) measurement.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is sodium polyacrylate.5. The device of claim 3 , comprising between 0.3 and 0.4 g of sodium polyacrylate.6. The device of claim 1 , whereinthe strain gauge measures how strongly the polymer is pushing against the strain gauge;that in turn depends on how much water the polymer has absorbed; andhow much water is available.7. The device of claim 1 , whereinthe pressure on the strain gauge can be ...

LOAD SENSING FOR ORAL DEVICES

A toothbrush is disclosed. The toothbrush includes a handle, a brush tip connected to the handle, wherein the brush tip includes a plurality of bristles operably connected thereto, a power source, a direct current motor in selective electrical communication with the power source, wherein the motor includes a drive shaft, a drive assembly connected between the brush tip and the drive shaft, wherein the drive assembly converts rotation of the drive shaft into movement of the plurality of bristles, and a control assembly in electrical communication with the motor and the power source; wherein during operation of the motor, the control assembly monitors a current draw by the motor and adjusts a current applied to the direct current motor based on the current draw. 1. A toothbrush comprising:a handle;a brush tip connected to the handle, wherein the brush tip includes a plurality of bristles operably connected thereto;a power source;a direct current motor in selective electrical communication with the power source, wherein the motor includes a drive shaft;a drive assembly connected between the brush tip and the drive shaft, wherein the drive assembly converts rotation of the drive shaft into movement of the plurality of bristles; anda control assembly in electrical communication with the motor and the power source; whereinduring operation of the motor, the control assembly monitors a current draw by the motor and adjusts a current applied to the direct current motor based on the current draw.2. The toothbrush of claim 1 , further comprising an output element in communication with the control assembly.3. The toothbrush of claim 2 , wherein when the current draw exceeds a predetermined threshold claim 2 , the output element provides an output to the user.4. The toothbrush of claim 3 , wherein the predetermined threshold is current change threshold.5. The toothbrush of claim 3 , wherein the control assembly converts the current draw to a pressure exerted on the plurality of ...

VIBRATIONAL ENERGY HARVESTING FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH INSTRUMENTATION

A system includes a vibrational energy harvesting device adapted to receive vibrational energy and convert the vibrational energy to electrical energy. The system also includes a computing device having an electrical connection to the vibrational energy harvesting device. The system also includes a sensor having an electrical connection and a data connection to the computing device. The system also includes a transmitter having an electrical connection and a data connection to the computing device. When the computing device receives the electrical energy from the vibrational energy harvesting device, the computing device is configured to receive sensor data from the sensor via the data connection between the computing device and the sensor and operate the transmitter to wirelessly transmit the sensor data.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IDENTIFYING A FORCE EXERTED BY A PART THAT CAN BE ELECTRICALLY ADJUSTED BY WAY OF AN ELECTRIC MOTOR ON A BODY THAT MAY BE RESTING ON SAID PART (AS AMENDED)

A method and an apparatus for identifying a force and/or torque exerted by a part, in particular a seat or closing part , such as, a window winding system or sunroof or trunk lid or sliding door of a motor vehicle, that can be electrically adjusted by way of an electric motor on a body resting on said part, having an actuation system, which is configured to apply a voltage to the motor, which voltage causes a force of the part on a body, if present, resting on the part, having a measurement device, which is configured, while the motor is stationary, to measure a variable of the motor representing a movement of the motor, having a comparison device, which is configured to identify, based on the measured variable, a force that is exerted by the part on a body resting on the part. 1. An apparatus for identifying a force exerted bya seat or closing part, selected from the group consisting of a window winding system, a sunroof, a trunk lid, and a sliding door of a motor vehicle, that can be electrically adjusted by way of an electric motor on a body resting on said part, the apparatus comprising:an actuation system, which is configured to apply a voltage to the motor, which voltage causes the force of the part on the body, if present, resting on said part,a measurement device, which is configured, while the motor is stationary, to measure a variable of the motor representing a movement of the motor, anda comparison device, which is configured to identify, based on the measured variable, the force exerted by the part on the body resting on said part.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuation system is configured to determine whether the force above a maximum and/or jamming of the body by the part in the form of a closing part is present.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuation system is configured to identify the force that the part in the form of a seat exerts on a body.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ...

ULTRASONIC TESTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONNECTION FORCE OF INTERFERENCE FIT

An ultrasonic testing device and method for the connection force of interference fit. The motion control module can realize accurate positioning for the interference fit part and accurate control for motion in the circumferential direction and the axial direction; scanning increments of the circumferential direction and the axial direction are set, and the motion control module drives the interference fit part to perform circumferential and axial point scanning until the testing of the whole matching surface is completed. The ultrasonic signal measured by the point focusing water immersion probe is transmitted to a PC through a control loop in the testing process. Then the stress distribution of the matching surface is obtained through the relationship between the ultrasonic signal and contact stress Finally, the size of the connection force is calculated according to the static friction coefficient. 1. An ultrasonic testing device for the connection force of interference fit , comprising an optical table , a motion control module , a fixture , a probe adjustment module , a couplant tank adjustment module and a control loop ,wherein the motion control module comprises an X-axis precision linear stage, a Y-axis precision linear stage, a platform mounting plate, a rotation stage mounting plate, a Z-axis precision linear stage and a precision rotation stage; the X-axis precision linear stage is fixedly mounted on the optical table; the Y-axis precision linear stage is fixedly mounted above the X-axis precision linear stage; and the Z-axis precision linear stage is fixedly connected with the upper end of the Y-axis precision linear stage through the platform mounting plate; the X-axis precision linear stage, the Y-axis precision linear stage and the Z-axis precision linear stage are perpendicular to each other in a motion direction to form a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system; the precision rotation stage is fixedly mounted on the Z-axis precision linear stage ...

SCISSOR LIFT LOAD SENSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A lift device includes a base, a retractable lift mechanism, a work platform, and a lift controller. The retractable lift mechanism is moveable between an extended position and a retracted position. The work platform is configured to support a load and is coupled to and supported by the retractable lift mechanism. The linear actuator is configured to selectively move the retractable lift mechanism between the extended position and the retracted position. The linear actuator has an electric motor and an electromagnetic brake. The lift controller is in communication with the linear actuator and is configured to determine the load supported by the work platform based on the actuator force applied to the work platform and the height of the work platform. 1. A method for determining a load supported by a work platform of a lift device , the method comprising:providing the lift device including the work platform and a linear actuator configured to support and selectively move the work platform between a raised and a lowered position, the linear actuator having an electric motor and an electromagnetic brake;disengaging the electromagnetic brake of the linear actuator;maintaining a height of the work platform using the electric motor of the linear actuator;determining a motor torque applied by the electric motor;determining an actuator force applied by the linear actuator to the work platform based on the motor torque applied by the electric motor;determining the height of the work platform; anddetermining the load supported by the work platform based on the actuator force applied to the work platform and the height of the work platform.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the motor torque is determined based on at least one of a measured motor current of the electric motor claim 1 , a measured motor slip of the electric motor claim 1 , a motor type of the electric motor claim 1 , a winding density of a coil of the electric motor claim 1 , and a winding material of the coil ...

STRESS COMPENSATED OSCILLATOR CIRCUITRY AND INTEGRATED CIRCUIT USING THE SAME

A stress compensated oscillator circuitry comprises a sensor arrangement for providing a sensor output signal S, wherein the sensor output signal Sis based on an instantaneous stress or strain component a in the semiconductor substrate, a processing arrangement for processing the sensor output signal Sand providing a control signal Sdepending on the instantaneous stress or strain component σ in the semiconductor substrate, and an oscillator arrangement for providing an oscillator output signal Shaving an oscillator frequency fbased on the control signal S, wherein the control signal Scontrols the oscillator output signal S, and wherein the control signal Sreduces the influence of the instantaneous stress or strain component σ in the semiconductor substrate onto the oscillator output signal S, so that the oscillator circuitry provides a stress compensated oscillator output signal. 1. Stress compensated oscillator circuitry comprising:{'sub': Sensor', 'Sensor, 'a sensor arrangement for providing a sensor output signal (S), the sensor arrangement comprising a stress-sensitive sensor element and a stress-insensitive resistive element, wherein the sensor output signal (S) is based on an instantaneous stress or strain component (σ) in a semiconductor substrate,'}{'sub': Sensor', 'Control, 'a processing arrangement for processing the sensor output signal (S) and providing a control signal (S) depending on the instantaneous stress or strain component (σ) in the semiconductor substrate, and'}{'sub': osc', 'osc', 'Control, 'an oscillator arrangement for providing an oscillator output signal (S) having an oscillator frequency (f) based on the control signal (S),'}{'sub': 'Sensor', 'wherein the stress-sensitive sensor element provides a stress dependent sensor signal having a stress component dependency with respect to at least one of a sum of normal stress components (σxx+σyy), a difference of the normal stress components (σxx−σyy) or a shear stress component σxy in the ...

NANOMATERIALS FOR ATTACHING MECHANICAL FORCE SENSORS

In examples, a system comprises a member to receive a mechanical force, and a sensor to sense the mechanical force. The sensor is mounted on the member using a set of nanoparticles and a set of nanowires coupled to the set of nanoparticles. 1. A system , comprising:a member to receive a mechanical force; anda sensor to sense the mechanical force, the sensor mounted on the member using a set of nanoparticles and a set of nanowires coupled to the set of nanoparticles.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanoparticles is positioned on the member claim 1 , and wherein the set of nanowires is formed on the set of nanoparticles.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanoparticles is positioned on the sensor claim 1 , and wherein the set of nanowires is formed on the set of nanoparticles.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a metal plate coupled to the set of nanoparticles.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the metal plate is mounted to either the member or the sensor.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a torque sensor.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanowires includes a nanowire having a diameter of approximately 1 micron and a length of at least 2 microns.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanoparticles includes a nanoparticle having a diameter of 1 micron or less.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanoparticles comprises titanium or a titanium-tungsten alloy.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the set of nanowires comprises gold.11. A system claim 1 , comprising:a member to receive a mechanical force;a first set of nanowires coupled to the member; anda sensor to measure the mechanical force, the sensor having a second set of nanowires coupled thereto, the first and second sets of nanowires coupled to each other.12. The system of claim 11 , further comprising a first set of nanoparticles formed on the member claim 11 , wherein the first set of nanowires is formed on the first set of nanoparticles. ...

APPLICATIONS OF MULTI-GRID STRAIN GAGES

A system for measuring or monitoring characteristics of a structure is provided. The system includes a first gage having a first grid and a second grid, the first and second grids configured to cover substantially the same area of a structure. A data console is configured in electrical communication with each of the first grid and the second grid of the first gage. The first grid of the first gage is configured to measure a first characteristic of the structure and the second grid of the first gage is configured to measure a second characteristic of the structure. 1. A system for measuring or monitoring characteristics of a structure comprising:a first gage having a first grid and a second grid, the first and second grids configured to cover substantially the same area of a structure; anda data console configured in electrical communication with each of the first grid and the second grid of the first gage,wherein the first grid of the first gage is configured to measure a first characteristic of the structure and the second grid of the first gage is configured to measure a second characteristic of the structure.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second gage having a first grid and a second grid configured to cover substantially the same area of the structure claim 1 , the area of the second gage being different from the area of the first gage.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first grid of the second gage is configured to measure a third characteristic of the structure and the second grid of the second gage is configured to measure a forth characteristic of the structure.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first and third characteristics are the same.5. The system of any of claims 2 , wherein the first grid of the first gage and the first grid of the second gage are electrically connected to form a circuit.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data console is configured to form electrical circuits with the grids.7. The system of claim 1 , ...

SENSOR IN THE FIELD OF PROCESS AUTOMATION AND ITS MANUFACTURE

The present disclosure discloses a sensor in the field of process automation for detecting a measurand of a medium, the sensor including at least one metallic section including a coating with a diamond-like carbon layer. The present disclosure also discloses a method for producing the same.

Sensor system for determining soil characteristics

A sensor system for determining soil characteristics is disclosed herein. The sensor system includes a ground engaging device for coupling to an agricultural implement. The ground engaging device includes at least one disc member having an aperture and an elongate shaft extending through the aperture. A first sensor unit is arranged on a sensing surface of the disc member and is configured to measure forces acting on the disc member. A second sensor unit is arranged on the elongate shaft and is configured to measure forces acting on the shaft. A processor is communicatively coupled to each of the first and second sensor units. The processor is configured to generate an output signal indicative of a soil characteristic based on the forces measured.

Calibration determination device and calibration determination method

A calibration determination device includes: a free roll that conveys the bonding member; a load detection device that detects a load applied to a bearing of the free roll; a tension adjustment device that winds the bonding member to increase a tension applied to the bonding member and unwinds the bonding member to reduce the tension applied to the bonding member so as to adjust the tension applied to the bonding member; and a calibration determination unit that determines whether calibration of the load detection device is necessary. The tension adjustment device unwinds the bonding member to cause the bonding member not to be subjected to the tension, and the calibration determination unit determines whether the calibration of the load detection device is necessary based on the load detected by the load detection device with the bonding member not being subjected to the tension.