КОМБИНИРОВАННЫЙ ИОННЫЙ ЗАТВОР И МОДИФИКАТОР

Изобретение относится к области обнаружения веществ в образце, в частности к спектрометрам ионной подвижности. Устройство обнаружения, содержащее участок ионизации, ионный затвор, содержащий два электрода, ионный модификатор, содержащий два электрода, дрейфовую камеру и коллектор. Ионный затвор и ионный модификатор скомбинированы так, что ионный затвор является одним из электродов ионного модификатора. Технический результат - минимизация времени исследования. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ТВЕРДЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ

Изобретение относится к устройству для обнаружения твердых веществ, в частности взрывчатых веществ или наркотиков. Устройство содержит несущий диск (20), на котором осесимметрично расположено несколько сеток. Сетки в первом угловом положении (21) снабжены всасывающим патрубком (42) для всасывания окружающего воздуха сквозь соответствующую сетку. Сетки во втором угловом положении (22) снабжены первым нагревательным элементом (40) для испарения задерживаемых соответствующей сеткой во время всасывания частиц. При этом с анализирующим устройством (45) соединен первый вытяжной патрубок (43) для вытяжки испаренных частиц. Угловое расстояние между двумя соседними сетками несущего диска (20) составляет четное кратное угла α, который покрывает несущий диск (20) при переходе от одного углового положения диска к соседнему угловому положению. Несущий диск (20) выполнен осесимметричным таким образом, что при повороте диска (20) на угол α от одного углового положения к следующему в одном угловом положении ...

СПЕКТРОМЕТР ПОДВИЖНОСТИ ИОНОВ С УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННОЙ ДРЕЙФОВОЙ ОБЛАСТЬЮ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ И ОГРАНИЧИТЕЛЬНОЕ КОЛЬЦО ЭТОГО СПЕКТРОМЕТРА (ВАРИАНТЫ)

Спектрометр подвижности ионов с более прямолинейной траекторией пролета ионов через нелинейную дрейфовую область, которая получается за счет улучшения характеристик электрического поля в результате продления ограничительных колец в нелинейную дрейфовую область. Усовершенствованное охранное кольцо с надставками, идущими в сторону линейной дрейфовой области. Изобретение относится к области спектрометрии и используется для обнаружения атомов и молекул в пробе газа. Технический результат - улучшение разрешающей способности спектрометра. В спектрометре использовано усовершенствованное ограничительное кольцо с надставками, идущими в сторону нелинейной дрейфовой области. Надставка может быть выполнена в виде диска, установленного продольно посередине ограничительного кольца. Во втором варианте ограничительного кольца во внутренней полости выполнен ряд выступов по направлению к центру ограничительного кольца, но не доходящих до центра. 4 с. и 10 з.п. ф-лы, 9 ил.

Унифицированный парогенератор

Изобретение относится к области спектрометрии подвижности ионов. Парогенератор для устройства обнаружения, содержащий: источник пара, присоединенный посредством проточного канала и предназначенный для подачи пара через средство блокировки к выпускному отверстию для подачи пара в устройство обнаружения, причем средство блокировки содержит первый паропроницаемый канал, выполненный с возможностью препятствования диффузии пара от источника к выпускному отверстию и с обеспечением возможности принудительного перемещения пара от источника к выпускному отверстию, и приемник, отделенный от выпускного отверстия первым паропроницаемым каналом, причем приемник содержит материал, выполненный с возможностью поглощения пара, и выполнен с возможностью перенаправления диффузии пара от выпускного отверстия, причем первый паропроницаемый канал и приемник расположены таким образом, что в результате приложения разности давлений между выпускным отверстием и источником пара сопротивление принудительному прохождению ...

Портативная система сбора данных

Использование: для сбора информации о присутствии или отсутствии интересующего материала в среде, и связывание присутствия или отсутствия интересующего материала с дополнительными данными, относящимися к упомянутой среде. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что способ сбора информации, касающейся присутствия или отсутствия интересующего материала в среде, включает инициирование обнаружения образца в среде; прием индикации, относящейся по меньшей мере к одному из следующего: присутствие или отсутствие интересующего материала в упомянутой среде; связывание индикации с меткой времени, предоставляемой часами; инициирование сбора дополнительных данных, относящихся к упомянутой среде, при этом дополнительные данные связывают со второй меткой времени, предоставленной часами; и связывание индикации с дополнительными данными в окне. Технический результат: обеспечение возможности сбора информации о присутствии или отсутствии интересующего материала в среде, и связывание присутствия или отсутствия ...

Система впускного потока для пробоотборника

Группа изобретений относится к пробоотборникам, используемым в спектрометрических системах. Устройство для создания потока текучей среды к порту приема пробы с использованием порта отбора, содержащее порт приема пробы, порт отбора, впускной узел для приема пробоотборника, шторный порт. Порт приема пробы выполнен с возможностью получения пробы из потока текучей среды, предназначенной для анализа с помощью детектора проб. Порт отбора выполнен с возможностью перемещения потока текучей среды к порту отбора для отбора пробы в порту приема пробы. Причем порт отбора расположен по отношению к порту приема пробы так, что поток текучей среды к порту отбора, по меньшей мере частично, окружает порт приема пробы. Впускной узел для приема пробоотборника выполнен так, что когда пробоотборник вставлен во впускной узел, он подает пробу в поток текучей среды. Шторный порт расположен на расстоянии от порта отбора и, по меньшей мере частично, окружающий порт отбора во впускном узле, с обеспечением подачи текучей ...

УСТРОЙСТВО СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО АНАЛИЗА ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СОСТАВА ЖИДКИХ СРЕД

Использование: для определения элементного состава жидких сред. Сущность полезной модели заключается в том, что устройство состоит из объемной ячейки, выполненной из кварцевого стекла, двух электродов плоской формы и световода, при этом объемная ячейка выполнена в виде полого прямоугольного параллелепипеда, на одной из стенок которого имеется отверстие, на оси симметрии которого расположены электроды, имеющие острийную форму, заостренные концы которых обращены к отверстию и друг к другу, при этом один из электродов располагается во внутреннем объеме ячейки, а другой - с внешней ее стороны, световод фиксируется на верхней кромке кварцевой стенки, над отверстием. Технический результат - обеспечение возможности упрощения конструкции устройства спектрального анализа для определения элементного состава жидких сред и снижения его массогабаритных показателей. 2 ил..

Спектрометр ионной подвижности

Полезная модель относится к области аналитического приборостроения для исследования и анализа газов, а именно к приборам спектрометрии ионной подвижности, предназначенных для детектирования и идентификации сверхмалых количеств органических веществ, прежде всего, взрывчатых, отравляющих, наркотических и психотропных веществ. Сущность полезной модели заключается в том, что спектрометр ионной подвижности для детектирования и идентификации сверхмалых количеств органических веществ, содержащий камеру ионизации с источником ионизации на основе объемного барьерного разряда с впускным и выпускным газовыми каналами для впуска и выпуска пробы анализируемого воздуха, камеру дрейфа ионов с коллекторным электродом, сопряженную с ионизационной камерой, первый затвор, установленный между источником объемного барьерного разряда и впускным и выпускным газовыми каналами для впуска и выпуска пробы анализируемого воздуха, второй затвор, установленный между камерой ионизации и камерой дрейфа ионов, источник ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНТРОЛЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ЧАСТИЦ

... 1. Устройство (1) для контроля концентрации мелких частиц в выхлопной системе (4) двигателя внутреннего сгорания, отличающееся тем, что содержит:a) корпус (2), имеющий часть (3), проходящую в выхлопную систему (4) двигателя внутреннего сгорания;b) средства (5) крепления и уплотнения устройства (1) в выхлопной системе (4) через одиночное отверстие в стенке выхлопной системы (4);c) датчик-измеритель (6) частиц, размещенный внутри корпуса (2);d) газовый ввод (7) в корпусе для создания замеряемого потока в датчик-измеритель (6) частиц;e) средства (8) для заряда, по меньшей мере, части частиц, входящих в датчик-измеритель (6) частиц;f) средства для регистрации, по меньшей мере, части тока, создаваемого заряженными частицами;g) газовый вывод (10) в корпусе для отвода замеряемого потока от датчика-измерителя (6) частиц;h) электрический разъем в средствах (5) крепления устройства (1) в выхлопной системе (4) для запитки датчика-измерителя (6);i) электрический разъем в средствах (5) крепления устройства ...

СПОСОБ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ВЫДЕЛЯЕМОГО АЛЮМИНИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГОСЯ В ДЫМЕ СИГАРЕТЫ С НАГРЕВОМ БЕЗ ГОРЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области обнаружения дымообразующих веществ в табачных изделиях. Раскрыт способ обнаружения количества выделяемого алюминия, содержащегося в дыме сигареты с нагревом без горения, включающий следующие этапы: подготовка серии стандартных рабочих растворов алюминия; получение стандартной рабочей кривой алюминия по серии стандартных рабочих растворов, объединенных с рабочим раствором внутреннего стандарта, для чего отношение содержания элемента алюминия к содержанию элемента внутреннего стандарта откладывают на оси абсцисс и отношение интенсивности отношения масса/заряд элемента алюминия к интенсивности отношения масса/заряд элемента внутреннего стандарта откладывают на оси ординат, при этом полученная кривая характеризуется уравнением регрессии Y=0,7251x+0,01378; выполнение затяжек сигареты с нагревом без горения и сбор всех дымовых композиций сигареты с нагревом без горения; получение раствора пробы на основе всех собранных дымовых композиций; определение количества ...

Способ масс-анализа ионов в квадрупольных высокочастотных полях с дипольным возбуждением колебаний на границах стабильности

Изобретение относится к области масс-спектрометрии и может быть использовано для улучшения аналитических, эксплуатационных и коммерческих характеристик приборов микроанализа вещества, использующих свойства траекторий движения ионов в электрических полях. Технический результат - повышение разрешающей способности, усовершенствование систем ВЧ питания, возбуждения и развертки квадрупольных масс-анализаторов с резонансным выводом ионов. Способ масс-анализа с резонансным возбуждением колебаний ионов отличается тем, что частота возбуждающего поля выбирается равной частоте одной из гармоник колебаний ионов на границах диаграммы стабильности Матье, а развертка масс осуществляется изменением во времени постоянной составляющей квадрупольного поля при постоянстве параметров его высокочастотной составляющей. Способ позволяет повысить разрешающую способность и чувствительность, расширить диапазон анализируемых масс и увеличить скорость анализа квадрупольных масс-спектрометров с резонансным выводом ионов ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ ДОЗЫ ИЛИ ВОСПРИИМЧИВОСТИ К 5-ГИДРОКСИ-1Н-ИМИДАЗОЛ-4-КАРБОКСАМИДУ, СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА КСАНТОЗИНМОНОФОСФАТА, А ТАКЖЕ СРЕДСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ МИЕЛОДИСПЛАСТИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА

Унифицированный парогенератор

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СПЕКТРОМЕТРИИ ПОДВИЖНОСТИ ИОНОВ СО ВСТРОЕННЫМИ ЯЧЕЙКАМИ FAIMS (СПЕКТРОМЕТРИИ ПОДВИЖНОСТИ ИОНОВ В НЕСИММЕТРИЧНОМ ПОЛЕ ВЫСОКОЙ НАПРЯЖЕННОСТИ)

... 1. Система для химического обнаружения и анализа, содержащая:устройство для спектрометрии подвижности ионов (IMS), содержащее трубку дрейфа, включающую в себя в себя первый конец со входным отверстием для образца и второй конец, отстраненный от первого конца, причем ионы от ионизации образца вводятся через входное отверстие для образца в трубку дрейфа и продвигаются через трубку дрейфа в направлении вдоль оси трубки дрейфа; иустройство для спектрометрии подвижности ионов в несимметричном поле высокой напряженности (FAIMS), встроенное вдоль оси трубки дрейфа устройства для IMS, причем устройство FAIMS вызывает колебания ионов в направлении вдоль оси трубки дрейфа, приводящие к фактическому изменению скорости по меньшей мере некоторых ионов, движущихся в направлении вдоль оси трубки дрейфа.2. Система для химического обнаружения и анализа по п.1, причем устройство FAIMS имеет плоскую форму.3. Система для химического обнаружения и анализа по п.1, причем устройство FAIMS имеет неплоскую форму ...

Meter for measuring the concentration of ions contained in gases

Device for measuring the concentration of ions in the air contains a flow tube with a fan in a pocket-sized housing. In the flow tube, connected to a constant voltage source, there are electrodes onto which ions are deflected when the fan is switched on. The charging current thus produced is amplified and displayed on a liquid crystal display. In addition to the display, there are on the housing of the device further display LEDs, which show the respective operating mode of the device. ...

Device and method of detecting particles

As a result of combining the electronic separation unit and detector unit, it is possible to construct a miniaturised, more selective sensor which can be used to detect various particles at normal atmosphere or under normal vacuum conditions.

Massenspektrometrievorrichtung

Massenspektrometrievorrichtung, die umfasst:eine Massenspektrometereinheit (4), die mindestens vier stabförmige Elektroden (4ia-4id) enthält, eine Gleichspannung U und eine Hochfrequenzspannung VcosΩt an die stabförmigen Elektroden (4ia-4id) anlegt, um ein mehrpoliges Feld zu erzeugen, das größer oder gleich einem Quadrupolfeld einer hohen Frequenz zwischen den stabförmigen Elektroden (4ia-4id) ist, und eine lonenspezies mit einem spezifischen Masse-zu-Ladungs-Verhältnis m/Z nach Masse selektiert/trennt; undeinen Detektor (5), der ein die Massenspektrometereinheit (4) durchlaufendes Ion detektiert,wobei mindestens zwei oder mehr Stufen der Massenspektrometereinheit (4) koaxial in Reihe geschaltet sind unddie an eine Elektrode angelegte Hochfrequenzspannung und ein halber Wert ro eines Abstands zwischen einander gegenüberliegenden Elektroden der Massenspektrometereinheit (4) in einer ersten Stufe der Massenspektrometereinheit (4) und einer zweiten Stufe der Massenspektrometereinheit (4) ...

VERFAHREN ZUM FESTSTELLEN EINER RAUCHENTWICKLUNG INFOLGE BRANDES IN EINEM UNTER UEBERDRUCK STEHENDEN TRANSPORTLUFTSTROM UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

Massen-Fehlerkorrektur aufgrund von thermischem Drift in einem Flugzeitmassenspektrometer

Ein Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines TOF-MS-Massenspektrums zur Berücksichtigung von Temperaturveränderungen wird offenbart. Ionen werden in ein Fourier-Transform-Massenspektrometer eingeführt, und ihre Masse-/Ladungsverhältnisse werden bestimmt. Ionen, einschließlich kalibrierende Ionen, werden ebenso in ein Flugzeit-Massenspektrometer eingeführt, und die Masse-/Ladungsverhältnisse zumindest der kalibrierenden Ionen werden ebenso bestimmt. Spezifische Peaks, die für die kalibrierenden Ionen repräsentativ sind, werden selektiert und zwischen den TOF MS- und den FTMS-Spektren abgeglichen. Die relative Position der abgeglichenen Peaks in jedem Spektrum wird dann verwendet, um einen Temperaturkorrekturfaktor für die TOF-MS-Daten zu bestimmen, basierend auf der relativen Unabhängigkeit des FTMS-Spektrums von Temperaturen.

Gas analysers and a method of making gas analysers

Mass spectrometry device

The present invention relates to a mass spectrometry device that can perform highly robust, highly sensitive, and low-noise analysis. The present invention addresses the problems of preventing reductions in ion transfer efficiency and of suppressing the introduction of noise components from droplets, etc. The present invention has an ion source that generates ions, a vacuum chamber that is evacuated by an evacuation means and that is for analyzing the mass of ions, and an ion introduction electrode (12) that introduces ions into the vacuum chamber. The present invention is characterized in that the ion introduction electrode (12) has an ion-source-side front-stage pore (35), a vacuum-chamber-side rear-stage pore (36), and an intermediate pressure chamber (33) that is between the front-stage pore (35) and the rear-stage pore (36), in that the cross-sectional area of an ion inlet of the intermediate pressure chamber (33) is larger than the cross-sectional area of the front-stage pore (35) ...

Mass spectrometer with digitial step attenuator

Dopants for the detection of nitrates

Apparatus for detecting and measuring signals

... 1,088,976. Ionization gauges. ETABLISSEMENT POUR APPLICATIONS ELECTRONIQUES. March 3, 1966 [March 11, 1965], No.9307/66. Heading G1N. [Also in Division H3] The pressure, density or degree of purity of gases, vapours or fumes, is measured by a circuit consisting basically of two ionization chambers 1, 2, Fig. 1, the former being a hermetically sealed reference chamber and the latter the measuring chamber, connected in series to form a potential divider to a supply source 3, the common point 4 between the chambers being connected to the gate electrode 8 of a metal oxide semi-conductor device 9. By adjusting the separation of electrodes 5, 6 of the reference chamber, the potential of the point 4 and therefore of the gate electrode can be arranged so that the transistor 9 operates in the middle of the linear part of its characteristic. In one embodiment, Fig. 1, the circuit also includes a meter 11, e.g. a galvanometer or relay, which measures the current flowing through the source circuit ...

Ionization of desorbed molecules

Unknown identification using theroretical collision cross section

Multi-reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometer and a method of use

Ion modification

An ion mobility spectrometer comprises a sample inlet 108 with an aperture to allow a sample of gaseous fluid to flow from an ambient pressure region to a low pressure region 103 to be ionised. A controller 200 controls gas pressure in the low pressure ionisation region to be lower than ambient pressure. An ion modifier modifies ions in the low pressure ionisation region. The ion modifier may comprise two electrodes (126, 127) spaced apart wherein the electrodes each comprise a grid of conductors. The ion modifier electrodes may modify ions by subjecting ions to an alternating RF electric field. The ion modifier may fragment parent ions into daughter ions by causing ions to experience a collision with high enough energy for a bond to break.

Dynamic range improvement for isotope ratio mass spectrometry

Detector and slit configuration in an isotope ratio mass spectrometer

Method and apparatus for providing a substance for the analysis of isotope ratios

Reactants for charge transfer reactions in mass spectrometers

Apparatus and method

Method and apparatus for ion mobility measurement

Improvements in or relating to smoke detector circuits

... 1,009,271. Semi-conductor circuit. ASSOCIATED FIRE ALARMS Ltd., and B.J.L. WHITE. March 2, 1964 [March 4, 1963], No. 8549/63, Heading H3T. [Also in Division G1] The voltage at a point 17 between an ionization gauge 10 responsive to the amount of smoke in the atmosphere, and a resistor 11, which may be a second ionization chamber closed to the atmosphere, is applied to the modulator of a field effect transistor 14 fed from an LT source 16, and when as a result of smoke the voltage drops below that at point 18 current through transistor 14 ceases and point 20 which is set to become positive with respect to point 19 eventually renders transistors TR1 and TR2 conductive, diode D3 making the arrangement bi-stable. The larger current drawn from the source by the transistors actuates a relay in the supply lead. Capacitor C ensures that transistor TR1 does not conduct immediately on reset. A number of such circuits may be connected to a single LT power source, and the relay may be responsive to ...

Apparatus and method for detecting an explosion

A method of detecting an explosion comprises detecting ionisation. Ionisation detection means 12 (optionally an ionisation pin) are located remotely to an explosive source 11 and at least a first explosively generated ionisation event 17 is detected using the ionisation detector, following detonation of the explosive source 11. The ionisation detection means may comprise an array of ionisation pins to detect propagation of the event. The pins may comprise a core and outer sheath (Fig 5). Particularly suited to very near-field overpressure measurement applications. Further pressure sensors may be included with the ionisation detectors.

Detection of organics in water

Using theoretical collision cross section ("CCS") in sample identification

Methods of systems for analysis

A data set is obtained comprising a plurality of spectra from a composition from a first method of analysis and each of the spectra is divided into a plurality of bins. A control parameter or parameters is determined indicative of synchronised fluctuations in signal intensity across some or all bins resulting in universal correlation between the bins. A partial covariance of different bins is determined across the plurality of spectra using the control parameter to correct the correlation of intensity fluctuations between the bins. The method preferably also includes two-dimensional mapping of the partial covariance between the bins of the spectra and two-dimensional mapping of the correlation of the fluctuation of intensities in the spectra.

Ion analysis device

Probe adaptor assembly

An apparatus (Fig. 6, 200) suitable for connecting an ionisation probe assembly (110) to a mass and/or ion mobility spectrometer comprising an attachment member 122 for releasably attaching, screw fitting 231, a probe assembly (110) to the apparatus (200). A cap 240 for enclosing the attachment member 122 is provided which is configurable to enclose the attachment member 122 when a probe assembly (110) is attached to the apparatus. The cap 240 also has an aperture 241 through which at least a portion of the probe assembly 118 can pass. A device, such as a ball bearing 242, is used to close the aperture 241 when the cap 240 encloses the attachment member 122 and when no probe assembly (110) is attached to the apparatus. This prevents contact with the attachment member 122 when the probe assembly (110) is not attached to the apparatus (200) and the cap 240 is closed.

Mass spectrometerhaving improved quadrupole robustness

Targeted protein characterization by mass spectrometry

A method for characterising an antibody comprising: i) providing a library of reference mass spectra of reference proteins, wherein the mass spectra is acquired for an enzymatic digest of the reference proteins and the reference proteins are different modifications of the antibody; ii) enzymatically digesting the target antibody under the same conditions; iii) acquiring a mass spectrum for the antibody; iv) determining similarity scores for the signal intensity patterns of the mass spectrum and reference mass spectra; and v) characterising the antibody by assigning the antibody to a reference protein having a reference mass spectrum with a similarity score above a predetermined threshold. The enzymatic digest may use trypsin, Ides, or Lys-C. A reducing agent and a denaturing agent may be used prior to the digest, such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and trifluorethanol (TFE). The mass spectra may be acquired using MALDI-TOF comprising a reflector. The method may be used in antibody production quality ...

Substance analyzer and substance analysis method

In order to increase the selectivity of substance analysis, this substance analyzer is characterized by comprising: a heater (1) that heats a medium for collecting a chemical substance adhering to the surface of an inspection object (W); a mass spectrometer (2) that performs tandem mass spectrometry of the vapor derived from the chemical substance obtained from the medium by heating with the heater (1) and vaporization; and a control device (3) that causes the mass spectrometer (2) to perform the tandem mass spectrometry on the chemical substance that vaporizes at the temperature of the medium with respect to the vapor transferred from the heater (1) to the mass spectrometer (2) on the basis of the temperature of the medium in the heater (1).

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE CONTROLLING OF THE DRAINAGE PROCEDURE DURING A FREEZING DRYING TREATMENT.

APPARAT ZUR ERFASSUNG DES LUFTIONEN-SPEKTRUMS ALS NEUER KLIMAPARAMETER

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ESTIMATION OF A IN OF A CATALYTIC TRAP OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STORING NITROGEN OXIDE MASS

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Messung von Aerosolen

Die Offenbarung betrifft eine Vorrichtung (1) und ein Verfahren zur Messung von Aerosolen (2) in einem Trägergas (3). Die Vorrichtung (1) weist einen von einer Trägergasströmung (4) durchflossenen Strömungskanal (5) auf. Am Strömungskanal (5) ist ein Haupt- Partikelmesser (6) angeordnet, welcher eine Ladeeinheit (7) zur Aufladung der im Trägergas (3) mitgeführten Aerosole (2) und eine Messeinheit (8) zur Messung der Ladung der von der Ladeeinheit (7) aufgeladenen Aerosole (2), aufweist. In Strömungsrichtung der Trägergasströmung (4) dem Haupt-Partikelmesser (6) vorgelagert ist eine Messvorstufe (9) angeordnet, welche im Trägergas (3) anfänglich vorhandene initial geladene Aerosole (2) misst und diese vor der Einleitung in den Haupt-Partikelmesser (6) aus dem Trägergas (2) entfernt.

VERFAHREN ZUR MESSUNG VON LUFTVERUNREINIGUNGEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT OF IMPURITIES IN HELIUM BY ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY

Abnormality monitoring apparatus

Provided is an abnormality monitoring apparatus that monitors abnormalities of a system having a plurality of components or products. The components or products include a plurality of kinds of microcapsules that respectively discharge a plurality of chemical marker substances due to specific factors, said chemical marker substances having different ion mobilities. The monitoring apparatus has an ion mobility sensor that detects the chemical marker substances. Occurrence of the abnormalities, kinds of the abnormalities, area where the abnormalities occurred, and degree of the abnormalities can be identified by having the monitoring apparatus detect the chemical marker substances.

Method and apparatus to increase the resolution and widen the range of differential mobility analyzers (DMAS)

Use of rare metals as key components

The present invention pertains to the field of manufacture of diagnostic test elements. Specifically, the present invention relates to the use of a rare metal component, in particular rare alkali metal components,comprised in a coating composition for determining the amount of dried coating composition in a coat. Moreover, the invention encompasses a method for determining the amount of dried coating composition in a coat. Further, the invention pertains to a coating composition comprising a rare metal component, in particular a rare alkali metal component,and the use of said coating composition for the manufacture of a diagnostic test element as well as to the said test element.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS

A method for electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis which comprises cooling a sample to be analyzed which contains a solvent and flows out from a spray fine tube with an inert gas for low temperature vaporization (A), and carrying out ionization and a mass spectrometric analysis of the sample while cooling a chamber (7) for removing a solvent or an ion source block (8) with liquid nitrogen; and an apparatus for the method. The method can be used for analyzing exactly a mass of a molecular ion or a fragment ion of an unstable organometallic complex or a polymeric organic compound.

MEMBRANE INTERFACE FOR ION MOBILITY DETECTOR CELLS

MEMBRANE INTERFACE FOR ION MOBILITY DETECTOR CELL A membrane interface is provided over the sample inlet port of an ion mobility detector. Sample, included as a vapor component in a gas stream impinging the exterior surface of the membrane, penetrates the membrane and is carried into the ion mobility detector by means of a carrier gas which scrubs the interior surface of the membrane.

IMPROVED CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PEROXIDE-BASED EXPLOSIVES

A method of detecting the presence of an analyte in an ion mobility spectrometer using an amide ionization reagent is provided. This method is particularly useful for the detection of peroxide-based explosives.

SRM ASSAY TO INDICATE CANCER THERAPY

... ²The current disclosure provides for specific peptides, and derived ionization ²characteristics of the peptides, from the ALK, Ros, Ron, Ret, TS, and/or FGFRI ²proteins ²that are particularly advantageous for quantifying the ALK, Ros, Ron, Ret, TS, ²and/or ²FGFRI proteins directly in biological samples that have been fixed in formalin ²by the ²methods of Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry, or as ²Multiple ²Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry.²² ...

METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DETECTING MERCURY ISOTOPES IN NATURAL GAS

The invention provides a method and device for measuring mercury isotopes in natural gas. The method comprises the following steps: (1) primary enrichment: subjecting natural gas to a three-stage cascading absorption with an acidic potassium permanganate aqueous solution, and collecting all of the acidic potassium permanganate aqueous solutions in which natural gas is absorbed in step (1); (2) mercury purification and enrichment: reducing the mercury absorbed in the step (1) to mercury vapor with a stannous chloride solution, and then purifying and enriching the mercury vapor by using an acidic potassium permanganate aqueous solution; (3) detecting the acidic potassium permanganate solution in which the mercury vapor is enriched in step (2) to determine the total mercury content therein; and (4) detecting the acidic potassium permanganate solution in which the mercury vapor is enriched in step (2) to determine the composition/content of stable mercury isotopes therein.

DETECTION OF BROMAMINES AND CHLORAMINES

SRM ASSAY TO INDICATE CANCER THERAPY

The current disclosure provides for specific peptides, and derived ionization characteristics of the peptides, from the ALK, Ros, Ron, Ret, TS, and/or FGFRI proteins that are particularly advantageous for quantifying the ALK, Ros, Ron, Ret, TS, and/or FGFRI proteins directly in biological samples that have been fixed in formalin by the methods of Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry, or as Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry.

DOPANTS FOR THE DETECTION OF NITRATES

The present disclosure relates to an ion exchange process, as well as a process and system for detecting nitrates, which employ a class of dopants comprising at least two functional groups capable of simultaneous convergent hydrogen bonding with a nitrate ion. In an aspect, the present disclosure provides an ion exchange process for forming a negatively charged nitrate-dopant ion analyte for analysis by a spectrometry analysis instrument, comprising: providing a gas comprising a dopant in both neutral and ionized forms; contacting a nitrate-containing sample with the gas comprising the dopant and thereby desorbing a nitrate ion from the sample to form a negatively charged nitrate- dopant ion analyte and replacing the desorbed nitrate ion with a negatively charged ionized dopant molecule; wherein the dopant is an organic compound comprising two or more carbon atoms and two or more functional groups capable of simultaneous convergent hydrogen bonding with a nitrate ion; or the dopant is an ...

METHOD OF DETECTING AT LEAST ONE MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE TO CEPHALOSPORINS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY

The invention relates to a method for the mass spectrometry-based detection of at least one marker of at least one mechanism of resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, for at least one microorganism included in a sample. The method is characterised in that the antimicrobial agent is a cephalosporin, and said resistance markers are proteins or peptides. Preferably, the proteins or peptides are proteins of the aforementioned microorganism.

APPARATUS MONITORING FOR ABNORMALITIES

Provided is an abnormality monitoring apparatus that monitors abnormalities of a system having a plurality of components or products. The components or products include a plurality of kinds of microcapsules that respectively discharge a plurality of chemical marker substances due to specific factors, said chemical marker substances having different ion mobilities. The monitoring apparatus has an ion mobility sensor that detects the chemical marker substances. Occurrence of the abnormalities, kinds of the abnormalities, area where the abnormalities occurred, and degree of the abnormalities can be identified by having the monitoring apparatus detect the chemical marker substances.

APPARATUS FOR DETECTION OF SOLIDS

Secure areas, such as at airports or other security-critical facilities, are entered from freely accessible areas, often by means of access locks. This bottleneck, which is present in any case, is used to check for substances of concern, such as drugs or explosive materials. In the case of solids, as is known, particles extracted from the access lock and retained in a screen are vaporized and the vapor is examined. Several of said screens are arranged on rotatable carrying disks and undergo consecutively the steps of vaporization and analysis. The aim of the invention is to make known methods more efficient in order to increase the throughput through such access locks. Said aim is achieved by a device for which available heating and extraction elements are assigned to multiple rotational positions of the carrying disks, whereby adjacent rotational positions lie apart from each other by only half the distance of two screens.

METHODS FOR IMPROVING DIABETES MANAGEMENT

A method for determining the levels of biomarkers, specifically, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidation products (Ops) in a biological sample such as a plasma ultrafiltrate, is used to determine a patient's risk and/or rate of developing diabetes related nephropathy. The preferred biomarkers to measure include N.epsilon.-(1- carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL), methylglyoxyl-derived hydroimidazolone (MGHI) and N.epsilon.- carboxymethyllysine (CML). Also provided herein is a method of diabetic care which includes determining a diabetic patient's risk of developing diabetes related kidney disease and adjusting the patient's treatment regimen to include in addition to glucose lowering agents, additional treatments such as medications that modify the renin-angiotensin system, or specialized diets with low levels of AGEs or oxidative products.

ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBON LIQUID AND SOLID SAMPLES

A method is provided for analysis and/or profiling of petroleum samples. The method allows for compositional analysis of samples using desorption electrospray ionization for generating ions for detection by mass spectroscopy. Desorption electrospray ionization can be used to generate ions for detection from a liquid or solid petroleum (or other hydrocarbon) sample by dropping a solvent typically comprising toluene and acetonitrile onto a sample surface. For solid samples, the technique can also be used to identify changes in composition of a petroleum sample relative to a dimension of the solid sample.

SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES CONTENT

Provided is a system (40) which provides content (CC) with respect to a search request including spectrum data (ASD) which is obtained by a sensor (61), said content being associated with context information (Cx) which is estimated from the spectrum data (ASD). The system (40) comprises: a database (44) including a plurality of context information (Cx), and a plurality of stocked spectrum data (SSD) which is respectively ranked with respect to the plurality of context information (Cx); a comparison unit (45a) which computes a score of the stocked spectrum data with respect to the obtained spectrum data (ASD); and an output unit (46) which outputs the content (CC) which is associated with the context information (Cx) so as to be selected in descending order by score and rank.

ACCURATE AND INTERFERENCE-FREE MULTIPLEXED QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS USING MASS SPECTROMETRY

Embodiments are directed to a method, a computer readable medium encoded with instructions that, when executed, perform a method, and a system for performing mass spectrometry analysis. Molecules of different samples may be labeled with a chemical tag, allowing a multiplexed analysis of multiple samples. The labeled molecules may be fragmented, each fragmented molecule creating at least two separate ions. The relative abundance of each of the heavier ions, which may comprise the original molecule from the sample, may be measured. A relative abundance of the labeled molecules in each of the samples may be determined from the measured relative abundances of the heavier ions.

Einrichtung zur Feststellung von Rauch

Verfahren zum Feststellen von Verbrennungsteilchen, insbesondere Rauchpartikeln, in einer ein Transportmedium enthaltenden Transportleitung sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Circuit de détection et de mesure de signaux dérivés de l'ionisation d'un milieu gazeux

Elektronenstoss-Ionenquelle mit einer durch die Entladung selbsterregten Elektronenemission

Chambre d'ionisation à circulation

Massenspektrometer zum Nachweis eines Stoffes

Dispositif pour la détection et la mesure de signaux dérivés de l'ionisation d'un milieu gazeux

Device for the measurement of ions in a gas.

DEVICE FOR CHECKING PARTICLES IN AEROSOL

DEVICE TRACKING FAILURES

GLYCAN ANALYSIS METHOD

Self-diagnosis type mean value ion detection instrument and fault diagnosis method

Analysis method for compatibility between Midazolam and production system

Dual sample loop sample injection system based on novel eight-way valve design

Method for trapping coal/biomass mixed burning ash in each electric field of electric precipitator by utilizing indication of carbon isotopes

Improvements with the devices of catalysis, pyrolysis or dissociation of gases

Highly sensitive gas analyser - permits detection of small quantities of several gases by changing reactive agents, and includes oxidation furnace

Gas detector

Process of detection and measurement of weak concentrations of gas and vapors and apparatuses for the implementation of this process

Process and apparatus for the detection of gases and the vapors

PROCESS OF DETERMINATION Of a SPECIFIC CHEMICAL PRINT OF the PRODUCTION OF MYCOTOXINS

L'invention a trait à un procédé de détermination d'une production de mycotoxines dans un environnement intérieur qui comprend une recherche d'une empreinte chimique comprenant au moins une molécule cible qui est un COV optionnellement cyclique, associé à une mycotoxicogénèse, de préférence sélectionnée dans le groupe comprenant le cububène, le cadiène, le copaène, l'ylangène, le germacrène D, le muurolane, le 1-1-diméthylbutylbenzène, le 1,1,2-triméthylpropyl, le 1-hexyltetradecyl-benzène , le tetratetracontane, le 1-éthyldecyl-benzène, le butylate d'hydroxytoluène, le 1-butyloctylbenzène, le 1-propylnonylbenzène, le 2-méthylisobornéol , au moins une sesquiterpene.

표적핵산의 검출방법

... 본 발명은 표적핵산의 비표지 검출방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 특이적 증폭반응으로부터 얻어지는 표적핵산의 증폭 산물을 질량분석을 이용하여 효과적으로 분석하는 비표지 검출방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 질량분석 기반의 비표지 표적핵산 검출방법은 분석 방법이 편리하고 정확할 뿐 아니라 반응 종료점에서의 분석을 이용하기 때문에, 다양한 바이오센서의 플랫폼으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 또한, 다중 표적핵산 분석이 가능한 장점이 있어 다양한 표적핵산 분석을 통한 질병의 예방, 조기 진단 및 개인 맞춤 의약품 개발과 처방에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.

방폭 공기 흡입형 센서 카트리지 방식 가스 감지 장치

... 본 발명은 공장 등에서 유독 가스의 누출을 검출하는 방폭 공기 흡입형 가스 감지 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에서는, 측정을 위한 공기의 흡입과 측정 후의 공기 배출을 제어하는 샘플링기구부, 상기 흡입된 공기 내의 가스 성분을 측정하는 센서카트리지, 상기 센서카트리지에서 오는 측정값을 처리하고, 측정 결과를 출력하는 제어부, 상기 제어부의 제어에 따라 외부와의 통신 및 정보의 입, 출력을 담당하는 터미널부, 및 상기 샘플링 기구부, 상기 제어부 및 상기 터미널부를 내부에 설치할 수 있는 공간을 가지고, 방폭 기능을 구비한 하우징을 포함하는 방폭 공기 흡입형 가스 감지 장치가 개시된다. 본 발명에 의할 때 적용된 흡입식 내압 방폭형 가스 감지 기술에 의하여 폭발 위험성이 있는 지역을 포함하는 다양한 환경에 적용가능하고, 흡입식 방식의 다양한 가스 센서 감지 기술로 인한 빠르고 정확한 가스 측정 기능을 제공하는 효과가 있다.

METHOD FOR DETERMINING CULTIVATION TIME OF CUDRANIA TRICUSPIDATA USING MASS SPECTROMETRY AND COMPOSITION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a method for determining the cultivation time of Cudrania tricuspidata using mass spectrometry and a composition thereof. A metabolite profiling of Cudrania tricuspidata by mass spectrometry can be useful in determining the cultivation time. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 ...

ORIGIN DISTINCTION METHOD OF PORK BY RATIO ANALYSIS OF ISOTOPES AND RATIO ANALYSIS OF CONTENT OF TRACE INORGANIC ELEMENTS

The present invention relates to an origin distinction method of a pork by ratio analysis of isotopes and ratio analysis of content of trace inorganic elements and, more specifically, to an origin distinction method of a pork by analysis of ratio between carbon isotope (δ^13C) and nitrogen isotope (δ^15N) and ratio analysis of content of trace inorganic elements in a pork specimen. In addition, ratios of content of trace inorganic elements contained in a pork from a domestic product and an imported product are compared for analysis, and a result of the comparison is combined with a result from isotopes ratio analysis to distinguish an origin of a pork, thereby increasing accuracy in distinguishing an origin. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 (A1,A2) USA (BB) Europe (CC) Republic of Korea (DD) Suncheon (EE) Naju (FF) Gangjin (GG) Chungju (HH) Yongin (II) Germany (JJ) Austria (KK) Netherlands (LL) Belgium ...

ELECTROMETER CURRENT INJECTION BY HIGH VOLTAGE RAMP

System and method for optimizing peak shapes

Light gas-detector

Sändareanordning

Multi-modal particle detector

Systems, methods and computer program products for the multi-modal detection of particles are described herein. An embodiment of the present invention is a particle detector that includes a first chamber wherein analyte particles are subjected to a first particle detection mechanism, and a second chamber coupled to the first chamber, wherein the analyte particles are subjected to a second particle detection mechanism, and wherein the detection characteristics of second particle detection mechanism are orthogonal to detection characteristics of the first particle detection mechanism. According to another embodiment, the present invention is a particle detection method including the steps of detecting presence of at least one predetermined particle type in an analyte particle sample using a first particle detection mechanism, and confirming the presence of the predetermined particle type in the analyte particle sample using a second particle detection mechanism, wherein detection characteristics of the second particle detection mechanism are orthogonal to detection characteristics of the first detection mechanism.

Multi-detector gas identification system

A novel gas analysis system and method of identifying analytes in a gas sample are provided. The system uses multiple gas analysis technologies and uses the combined qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the multiple gas analysis technologies to analyze a gas sample.

System and method for identification of biological tissues

The present invention provides for a system, method, and device for analyzing, localizing and/or identifying tissue types. The method includes analyzing, localizing and/or identifying one or more tissue samples, characterized in that the method comprises: (a) generating gaseous tissue particles from a site in the one or more tissue samples, (b) transporting the gaseous tissue particles from the site to an analyser, (c) using the analyser for generating tissue-related data based on the gaseous tissue particles, and (d) analyzing, localizing and/or identifying the one or more tissue samples based on the tissue-related data. The invention can either be used in close conjunction with a surgical procedure, when one or more surgical tools are an integrated part of ionization, or as a separate mass spectrometric probe for the analysis of one or more tissue parts.

ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER to MASS SPECTROMETER INTERFACE

A method and apparatus are described herein for the interface of an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) to a mass spectrometer (MS) that utilizes collisional focusing, through internal modification. Commercial standalone IMS instrumentation cannot be combined in tandem with a commercially available MS that utilizes collisional focusing due to the physics of the differentially pumped interface of the MS being an unsuitable environment for an IMS measurement. The invention provides for transfer of the ion beam from the IMS to the MS without distortion of the chemical species or temporal profile due to large scale collisions in the differentially pumped interface, by increasing the electric field strength between the orifice and skimmer, and decreasing the pressure in the differentially pumped interface, thereby reducing the number of background gas collisions encountered by the ion beam during transit from the IMS to the MS.

Detection Method for an Ion Migration Spectrum and an Ion Migration Spectrometer Using the Same Method

A detection apparatus and method for an ion migration spectrum include acquiring an ion migration spectrum of pure carrier gas and an ion migration spectrum of carrier gas containing a test substance sample and performing differential process on the ion migration spectrum of the pure carrier gas and the ion migration spectrum of the carrier gas containing the test substance sample to acquire a differential spectrum. The value of a characteristic peak of the differential spectrum represents properties of the sample of substances. The method avoids interferences on the migration spectrum from interference sources of the apparatus itself, thereby improving detection sensitivity and accuracy of the ion migration spectrum, and migration spectrum shift caused by variations in the environmental conditions can be found and corrected through the differential process on the migration spectrum of the pure carrier gas, thereby achieving self-stableness and self-correction of the ion migration spectrometer.

Heteroaryl Derivatives as CFTR Modulators

The present invention relates to modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (“CFTR”), compositions thereof, and methods therewith. The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using such modulators.

Method and apparatus for generating and analyzing ions

The current invention involves a method and a device for generating and analyzing ions in order to analyze samples directly without sample preparation. The gaseous neutral molecules are desorbed under atmospheric pressure by a desorption method. The desorbed neutral molecules are then transferred into a low pressure region where they are post-ionized by a mist from an electrospray probe tip or by photons from a vacuum UV source. The generated ions are then focused in a time varying electric field in the low pressure chamber before they are transferred into a mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer for further analysis.

Methods and apparatus for the ion mobility based separation and collection of molecules

This invention describes an apparatus and method with a combined primary electrospray and secondary electrospray ionization source used to enhance ionization efficiency. The solid phase as well as liquid phase sampling, ionization, and detection is described.

Methods of Determining Polydispersity and/or Molecular Weight Distribution of a Polyethylene Glycol Sample

Disclosed herein are methods of determining polydispersity (PDI) and molecular mass distribution (MMD) of reactive PEG samples using mass spectrometry. More specifically, a mass spectrometry method called GEMMA is used to determine PDI and MMD of PEG samples which provides more accurate measurements for high molecular weight PEG samples than prior known MALDI-TOF analysis.

Biomarkers Of Gastric Cancer And Use Thereof

A set of biomarkers indicative of early gastric cancer and method of diagnosing gastric cancer at an early stage by directing the these biomarkers in a blood sample. Detection of over-expression of one or more protein biomarks in the group consisting albumin, T-kininogen I, α-2-HS glycoprotein, α-1-antitrypsin, afamin and γ-actin and/or detection of under-expression of one or more protein biomarks in the group consisting stress 70 protein, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-IV, transthyretin and murinoglobulin is indicative of the presence of gastric cancer. 1. A method of assessing the possibility of having gastric cancer in a subject , comprising steps of (a) detecting an over-expression of at least one of the protein biomarks selected from the group consisting albumin , T-kininogen I , α-2-HS glycoprotein , α-1-antitrypsin , afamin and γ-actin in a testing sample from said subject and (b) detecting an under-expression of at least one of the biomarks selected from the group consisting stress 70 protein , apolipoprotein A-I , apolipoprotein A-IV , transthyretin and murinoglobulin in said testing sample.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step(a) comprises detecting an over-expression of at least two protein biomarks and step(b) comprises detecting an under-expression of at least two protein biomarks.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step(a) comprises detecting an over-expression of at least three protein biomarks and step(b) comprises detecting an under-expression of at least three protein biomarks.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein step(a) comprises detecting an over-expression of at least four protein biomarks and step(b) comprises detecting an under-expression of at least four protein biomarks.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein step(a) comprises detecting an over-expression of at least five protein biomarks and step(b) comprises detecting an under-expression of at least five protein biomarks.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein step(a) comprises detecting an ...

METHODS OF CHEMOSELECTIVE DERIVATION OF MULTIPLE CLASSES OF METABOLITES

Chemoselective derivatization of biological amines, carboxylic acids, aldehydes or ketones are employed in methods to detect a plurality of components, or members of a component, such as metabolites, that vary in molecular structure. The methods of the invention can be employed in aqueous and nonaqueous conditions. 1. A method of identifying components in a biological sample , comprising the steps of: i) an amino acid or an amine,', 'ii) an aldehyde or a ketone, or', 'iii) a carboxylic acid or an alcohol, with an isocyanide and Ugi reactants that consists essentially of two of i), ii) and iii) apart from the component, thereby derivatizing at least a portion of that component; and, 'a) combining at least a portion of a biological sample, the biological sample including at least one component that is, or includes,'}b) identifying the derivatized component of the biological sample.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component is a first component claim 1 , and wherein the biological sample includes a second component that is claim 1 , or includes claim 1 ,i) an amino acid or an amine,ii) an aldehyde or a ketone, oriii) a carboxylic acid or an alcohol, that is not any of i), ii) or iii) of the first component, and further including the steps ofa) combining at least a portion of the remainder of the biological sample with an isocyanide and Ugi reactants that consists essentially of two of i), ii) and iii) apart from the second component, thereby derivatizing at least a portion of the second component; andb) identifying the derivatized second component.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isocyanide is labeled claim 1 , isotopic or ionic.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component is selected from the group consisting of proteins claim 1 , polyamines claim 1 , fatty acids claim 1 , neurotransmitters claim 1 , hormones claim 1 , α-amino acids claim 1 , intermediates in central metabolism claim 1 , antibiotics claim 1 , carbohydrates claim 1 , co-factors and co- ...

Mass analysis system with low pressure differential mobility spectrometer

A mass analysis system including a low pressure dissociation region and a differential mobility spectrometer. The differential mobility spectrometer including at least one pair of filter electrodes defining an ion flow path where the filter electrodes generate an electric field for passing through a selected portion of the sample ions based on the mobility characteristics of the sample ions. The differential mobility spectrometer also includes a voltage source that provides DC and RF voltages to at least one of the filter electrodes to generate the electric field, an ion inlet that receives sample ions that have passed through the low pressure dissociation region, and an ion outlet that outputs the selected portion of the sample ions. A mass spectrometer receives some or all of the selected portion of the sample ions.

REACTANTS FOR CHARGE TRANSFER REACTIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETERS

The invention relates to the use of substances for the production of anions suitable for charge transfer reactions in mass spectrometers, particularly for the fragmentation of multiply positively charged biopolymer ions by electron transfer or for charge reduction by proton transfer. Diketones, particularly α-diketones, are proposed as a newly found class of substances which can be used both for the production of radical anions for electron transfer dissociations (ETD) with a high yield of fragment ions and also for the production of non-radical anions for the charge reduction of multiply charged analyte ions by proton transfer reactions (PTR). These substances have favorable properties in terms of their handling and the associated analytical methods: they are largely nontoxic, cover a favorable range of molecular masses, and their volatility means that they can be stored in unheated containers outside of the vacuum system, which facilitates the refilling of the containers. 1. Use of substances which belong to the substance class of diketones and have a molecular mass m greater than or equal to 100 Dalton for the production of anions for charge transfer reactions with multiply charged cations in mass spectrometers.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising producing radical anions from the substances and using them for electron transfer dissociation of multiply charged cations in mass spectrometers.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising non-radical anions from the substances and using them for proton transfer reactions of multiply charged cations in mass spectrometers.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substances have vapor pressures above about 0.1 pascal at standard temperature.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substances belong to the substance class of one of α-diketones and χ-diketones.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the substances belong to the substance class of the open-chain alkane α-diketones.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ...

Detecting targets using mass tags and mass spectrometry

Particular disclosed embodiments disclosed herein concern using a one or more various mass tags, which can be specifically deposited at targets through direct or indirect enzymatic-catalyzed transformation, to provide a method for identifying targets in tissue samples. The mass tags may be labeled with stable isotopes to produce mass tags having the same chemical structure but different masses. Mass codes produced by ionizing the mass tags are detected and/or quantified using mass spectrometry. The method can be used for multiplexed detection of multiple targets in a particular sample. In some embodiments, a map divided into sections representing sections of the tissue sample may be prepared, with the map sections including data corresponding to quantification data wherein the size of a mass peak is determined and correlated with the amount of a target for the corresponding tissue sample section.

METHODS FOR DETECTING DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D METABOLITES BY MASS SPECTROMETRY

Provided are methods of detecting the presence or amount of a dihydroxyvitamin D metabolite in a sample using mass spectrometry. The methods generally comprise ionizing a dihydorxyvitamin D metabolite in a sample and detecting the amount of the ion to determine the presence or amount of the vitamin D metabolite in the sample. In certain preferred embodiments the methods include immunopurifying the dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites prior to mass spectrometry. Also provided are methods to detect the presence or amount of two or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites in a single assay. 1. A method for determining an amount of one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites in a biological sample taken by tandem mass spectrometry; the method comprising:(i) generating at least one precursor ion respectively of the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites and of an internal standard by ionizing the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites and the internal standard with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI);(ii) generating one or more fragment ions of the precursor ion respectively of the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites and of the internal standard; and(iii) comparing amounts of one or more of the ions generated in step (i), (ii), or both, for the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites and the internal standard to determine the amount of the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites in the biological sample;wherein the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites are not subject to derivatization.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the internal standard comprises at least one of 1α claim 1 ,25(OH)D-[26 claim 1 ,26 claim 1 ,26 claim 1 ,27 claim 1 ,27 claim 1 ,27]-H and 1α claim 1 ,25(OH)D-[6 claim 1 ,19 claim 1 ,19′]-H.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites comprise at least one of 1α claim 1 ,25(OH)Dand 1α claim 1 ,25(OH)D.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more dihydroxyvitamin D metabolites comprise 1α ...

DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR KIDNEY DISEASES AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to novel diagnostic markers for kidney disease and the use thereof. 1. A diagnostic marker for kidney disease which is at least one selected from:glycolic acid;{'sup': '5', 'N-[(dimethylamino)iminomethyl]-ornithine;'}5-oxo-2-tetrahydrofuran carboxylic acid;{'sup': 5', '6', '1, 'a combination consisting of trimethylglycine and any one substance selected from glycolic acid, N-[(dimethylamino)iminomethyl]-ornithine, guanidinoacetic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, N-acetyllysine, N-acetylhistidine and histidine;'}{'sup': '5', 'a combination consisting of glycolic acid and any one substance selected from N-[dimethylamino)iminomethyl]-ornithine, cytidine, valine, kynurenine, 2-oxoglutaric acid, glycocyamidine and choline;'}{'sup': '1', 'a combination consisting of cystine and any one substance selected from N-acetylhistidine, histidine, glycine, tryptophan and methionine; and'}a combination consisting of tryptophan and ornithine.2. The diagnostic marker according to claim 1 , wherein the kidney disease is diabetic nephropathy.3. A computer program which is configured to cause a computer to operate the steps of:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'obtaining a concentration of the diagnostic marker for kidney disease according to in urine and/or plasma obtained from a subject suspected to have kidney disease;'}determining whether or not the subject has the kidney disease based on the obtained concentration; anddelivering the result of determination.4. The computer program according to claim 3 , which is configured to cause the computer to further operate the step of comparing the obtained concentration of the marker obtained in the obtaining step with a threshold claim 3 , wherein{'sup': '5', 'the obtaining step is the step of obtaining a value of the concentration of at least one marker selected from glycolic acid, N-[(dimethylamino)iminomethyl]-ornithine and 5-oxo-2-tetrahydrofuran carboxylic acid in urine or plasma obtained from ...

ORGAN SPECIFIC DIAGNOSTIC PANELS AND METHODS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF ORGAN SPECIFIC PANEL PROTEINS

The present application provides novel compositions, methods, and assays for use in identification of appropriate diagnostic markers in blood. These compositions, methods, and assays are capable of distinguishing normal levels of detectable markers from changes in marker levels that are indicative of changes in health status. 1. A method for predicting a risk for development of a disease or change in health status comprising:(a) obtaining a sample from a subject;(b) measuring the presence or absence of a set of sample organ specific panel proteins;(c) comparing the expression levels of the sample organ specific panel protein set to predetermined expression levels of an identical set of organ specific panel proteins from a control population;(d) determining the expression level differences between the sample organ specific panel protein set and the predetermined expression levels of the control population organ specific panel protein set;2. The diagnostic method of claim 1 , wherein the sample organ specific panel proteins are measured from a target organ.3. The diagnostic method of claim 1 , wherein the sample organ specific panel proteins are measured from a plurality of organs.4. The diagnostic method of claim 1 , wherein the organ specific panel protein set is selected from proteins expressed in the group of organs consisting of adrenal gland claim 1 , artery claim 1 , bladder claim 1 , brain (amygdala) claim 1 , brain (nucleus caudate) claim 1 , breast claim 1 , cervix claim 1 , heart claim 1 , kidney claim 1 , renal cortical epithelial cells claim 1 , renal proximal tubule epithelial cells claim 1 , liver claim 1 , hepatocytes claim 1 , lung claim 1 , lymph node claim 1 , lymphocytes (b) claim 1 , lymphocytes (t) claim 1 , monocytes claim 1 , muscle (skeletal) claim 1 , muscle (smooth) claim 1 , ovary claim 1 , pancreas claim 1 , pancreatic islet cells claim 1 , prostate claim 1 , prostate epithelial cells claim 1 , skin claim 1 , epidermal keratinocytes claim ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING AND IDENTIFYING GASES BY MEANS OF ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY

The invention relates to a method for identifying gases, which are ionized and the drift times of the positive and negative product ions through drift spaces are measured and the measured drift times are evaluated, wherein for measuring the drift times the product ions are accelerated to drift velocities by a resulting electrical field. It is provided that the positive and negative product ions move synchronously and in parallel in the same direction. 1. A method for identifying gases , wherein the gases to be identified are ionized and the drift times of the positive and negative product ions through drift spaces are measured and the measured drift times are evaluated , wherein for measuring the drift times the product ions are accelerated to drift velocities by a resulting electrical field , wherein the positive and negative product ions move synchronously and in parallel in the same direction.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product ions are injected into the drift spaces perpendicular to their preferred direction.3. A device for identifying gases claim 1 , which comprises at least two drift tubes claim 1 , wherein each of the drift tubes has at least one detector for detecting product ions claim 1 , wherein at least two drift tubes are arranged in parallel with each other and are delimited claim 1 , on one hand claim 1 , by a common intake system and claim 1 , on the other hand claim 1 , by at least one detector.4. The device according to claim 3 , wherein an ion guide electrode arrangement dividing the drift tube into a common reaction chamber and at least two drift spaces is arranged in each of the drift tubes claim 3 , wherein an ion source is disposed in the common reaction chamber and a respective shielding grid is disposed in each of the drift spaces.5. The device according to claim 3 , wherein the drift spaces comprise alternatingly arranged drift electrodes claim 3 , wherein each drift electrode is electrically connected around the drift spaces and ...

Ion-based breath analysis system

Disclosed embodiments include systems for analyzing the breath of a patient for the presence of one or more analytes of interest. The systems may include an ion detection system capable of receiving a gas mixture having an analyte of interest expired by a patient, flowing the gas mixture, and ionizing molecules within the gas mixture. The molecules include at least the analyte of interest. The ion detection system is also capable of detecting the ionized analyte of interest.

METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING TUMOR-SPECIFIC POLYPEPTIDES

The present invention provides methods for identifying tumor-specific polypeptides, polypeptides so identified, and methods for their use. 1) A method for identifying tumor-specific polypeptides , comprising:obtaining a tumor polypeptide set from a tumor sample;identifying polypeptides present in the tumor sample by comparing the tumor polypeptide set with a reference polypeptide set;obtaining known mutant polypeptides for each identified tumor polypeptide from a mutant polypeptide set; andidentifying tumor-specific polypeptides by combining the tumor polypeptide set and the known mutant polypeptides and removing wild-type polypeptides.2) The method of claim 1 , further comprising:obtaining mass spectra for one or more of the polypeptides; andidentifying the one or more polypeptides by the mass spectra.3) The method of claim 1 , farther comprising:obtaining a sample mass spectra library of polypeptides from a tumor sample; andgenerating the tumor polypeptide set by converting the mass spectra library to a set of tumor polypeptide sequences.4) The method of claim 1 , further comprising:obtaining a gene mutation set from the tumor sample; andgenerating the tumor polypeptide set by translating the DNA in the gene mutation set to amino acid sequences.5) The method of further comprising:identifying tumor-specific polypeptides by identifying the polypeptides that are present in both the tumor polypeptide set and the blown mutant polypeptides.6) The method of further comprising:obtaining a tumor-specific mass spectra library from the tumor-specific polypeptides; andcomparing the sample mass spectra library and the tumor-specific mass spectra library; andidentifying additional tumor-specific polypeptides by identifying polypeptides present in the sample mass spectra library and the tumor-specific mass spectra library.7) The method of claim 4 , further comprising:obtaining the DNA sequences of the tumor-specific polypeptides from a reference database; andidentifying DNA ...

Selected Reaction Monitoring Assays

Provided herein are methods for developing selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS) assays. 1. A multiplexed LC-SRM-MS assay for the measurement of a plurality of proteins in a single sample comprising:a) generating a set of peptides and corresponding transitions for each protein to be monitored;b) optimizing the collision energy for each transition such that interference among the transitions is avoided;c) selecting a set of transitions that have the greatest peak areas for each protein, and wherein the selected transitions do not interfere with the ions in the sample;d) monitoring the selected set of transitions for each protein in the sample, thereby measuring a plurality of proteins in the sample2. The assay of claim 1 , wherein each monitored peptide(i) has a monoisotopic mass of 700-5000 Da; and(ii) does not contain a cysteine or a methionine; or may contain cysteine or methionine.3. The assay of claim 1 , wherein the transitions for each peptide(i) have one of the four most intense b or y transition ions;(ii) has m/z values of at least 30 m/z above or below those of a precursor ion;(iii) do not interfere with transitions from other peptides; and(iv) represent transitions due to breakage of peptide bond at different sites of the protein.4. The assay according to claim 1 , wherein the peptides do not include any peptide that is bounded by KK claim 1 , KR claim 1 , RK or RR claim 1 , either upstream of downstream in the corresponding protein sequence.5. The assay according to claim 1 , wherein each peptide of said set of peptides is unique to the corresponding protein.6. The assay according to claim 1 , wherein the peptides do not include peptides which were observed in post-translational modified forms.7. The assay according to claim 1 , wherein each set of peptides is prioritized according to one or more of the following ordered set of criteria:(a) unique peptides first, then non-unique;(b) peptides with no observed post-translational ...

Chemical Ionization Reaction or Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry

A system and methods are described for generating reagent ions and product ions for use in a mass spectrometry system. Applications for the system and method are also disclosed for detecting volatile organic compounds in trace concentrations. A microwave or high-frequency RF energy source ionizes particles of a reagent vapor to form reagent ions. The reagent ions enter a chamber, such as a drift chamber, to interact with a fluid sample. An electric field directs the reagent ions and facilitates an interaction with the fluid sample to form product ions. The reagent ions and product ions then exit the chamber under the influence of an electric field for detection by a mass spectrometer module. The system includes various control modules for setting values of system parameters and analysis modules for detection of mass and peak intensity values for ion species during spectrometry and faults within the system. 1. A method comprising:introducing a non-ionized sample gas;supplying a reagent vapor to a plasma chamber;generating one or more reagent ions from the reagent vapor supply in the plasma chamber by transferring microwave or high-frequency RF energy from a cavity to the plasma chamber to form one or more reagent ions;directing the one or more reagent ions to a drift chamber;interacting the one or more reagent ions with the non-ionized sample gas to form one or more product ions;directing the one or more product ions and the one or more reagent ions to a quadrupole or time-of-flight mass spectrometer module; anddetermining by the mass spectrometer module a value for at least one of a peak intensity or mass of each of the one or more product ions and the one or more reagent ions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionized sample gas includes one or more volatile organic compounds in at least a trace concentration.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing comprises coupling a gas sample inlet port to an enclosed space.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

ION MOBILITY TUBE

An ion mobility tube comprises an ionization source chamber having a center ionization source chamber hole, an ion door, a mobility region unit having a center mobility tube chamber, a constraining grid, and a Faraday disk, and the ionization source chamber, the ion door, the mobility region unit, the constraining grid, and the Faraday disk are laminated together in sequence in a front-rear direction, wherein the mobility region unit comprises a first insulator and first metal electrode sheets concentrically fixed to a front surface and a back surface of the first insulator respectively. The mobility region unit comprises the first insulator and the first metal electrode sheets which are integral. Therefore, the ion mobility tube is advantageous in simplified manufacturing, and convenient for detachment and assembly. 1. An ion mobility tube , comprising: an ionization source chamber having a center ionization source chamber hole , an ion door , a mobility region unit having a center mobility tube chamber , a constraining grid , and a Faraday disk , and the ionization source chamber , the ion door , the mobility region unit , the constraining grid , and the Faraday disk are laminated together in sequence in a front-rear direction , wherein the mobility region unit comprises a first insulator and first metal electrode sheets concentrically fixed to a front surface and a back surface of the first insulator respectively.2. The ion mobility tube of claim 1 , characterized in that the first insulator is formed with a first electronic element accommodating hole located on radial outsides of the first metal electrode sheets.3. The ion mobility tube of claim 2 , characterized in that the first insulator is further formed with a first wiring hole located on the radial outsides of the first metal electrode sheets.4. The ion mobility tube of claim 1 , characterized in that the ionization source chamber comprises a second insulator and second metal electrode sheets ...

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE LASER-INDUCED ACOUSTIC DESORPTION CHEMICAL IONIZATION FOR GLOBAL HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS

Systems, devices, and methods, operational at atmospheric pressure, involving a conical member having an outlet positioned relative to an inlet of a mass spectrometer inlet capillary; a tungsten electrode positioned between the conical member and the inlet of the mass spectrometer inlet capillary; a foil membrane disposed within the conical member, the foil membrane having a first surface, and a second surface opposed to the first surface; a laser directing laser pulses at the second surface of the foil membrane to create a shockwave to vaporize one or more analytes deposited on the first surface; a reagent gas inlet stream positioned relative to the foil membrane to pass a reagent gas across the foil member to transport vaporized analytes: away from the foil membrane, through the outlet of the conical member, through a corona discharge generated by the tungsten electrode, and into the inlet capillary of a mass spectrometer. 1. A method comprisingdepositing one or more analytes on a first surface of a foil membrane;irradiating a second surface of the foil membrane that is opposed to the first surface with high energy laser pulses to create a shockwave to vaporize the one or more analytes deposited on the first surface;transporting the vaporized analytes away from the foil membrane in a reagent gas stream;subsequently transporting the vaporized analytes in the reagent gas stream through a corona discharge generated by an electrode;subsequently transporting the vaporized analytes in the reagent gas stream through an inlet capillary of a mass spectrometer,wherein each step of the method is conducted at atmospheric pressure.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the shockwave has an energy density greater than or equal to 0.7×10W/cm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is conducted at a pressure in a range of from 720 to 800 Torr.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is conducted at a pressure of about 760 Torr.5. The method ...

Compositions, Methods and Kits for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

Methods are provided for identifying biomarker proteins that exhibit differential expression in subjects with a first lung condition versus healthy subjects or subjects with a second lung condition. Also provided are compositions comprising these biomarker proteins and methods of using these biomarker proteins or panels thereof to diagnose, classify, and monitor various lung conditions. The methods and compositions provided herein may be used to diagnose or classify a subject as having lung cancer or a non-cancerous condition, and to distinguish between different types of cancer (e.g., malignant versus benign, SCLC versus NSCLC) 1. A method of determining the likelihood that a lung condition in a subject is cancer , comprising:(a) measuring an abundance of a panel of proteins in a sample obtained from the subject, wherein said panel comprises at least 4 proteins selected from the group consisting of ALDOA, FRIL, LG3BP, IBP3, LRP1, ISLR, TSP COIA1, GRP78, TETN, PRXD1 and CD14;(b) calculating a probability of cancer score based on the protein measurements of step (a); and(c) ruling out cancer for the subject if the score in step (b) is lower than a pre-determined score.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said panel further comprises at least one protein selected from the group consisting of BGH3 claim 1 , FIBA and GSLG1.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein when cancer is ruled out the subject does not receive a treatment protocol.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said treatment protocol is a pulmonary function test (PFT) claim 3 , pulmonary imaging claim 3 , a biopsy claim 3 , a surgery claim 3 , a chemotherapy claim 3 , a radiotherapy claim 3 , or any combination thereof.5. The method of claim 4 , where said imaging is an x-ray claim 4 , a chest computed tomography (CT) scan claim 4 , or a positron emission tomography (PET) scan.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject has a pulmonary nodule.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said pulmonary nodule has a diameter ...

Assay for Monitoring Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Variants by Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Methods are described for monitoring the amounts of PTH variants in a biological sample by digesting the sample to produce surrogate peptides specific to the targeted PTH variants, and detecting and quantifying the surrogate peptides by selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry, using a set of precursor-to-product ion transitions optimized for sensitivity and selectivity. The PTH variants, or a portion thereof, may be concentrated in the sample by means of immunoaffinity capture or other suitable technique. The mass spectrometric method described herein enables the concurrent measurement of peptides representative of a plurality of targeted PTH variants in a single assay. 1. A method for diagnosing renal failure , comprising:obtaining a biological sample, the biological sample being selected from a group consisting of blood serum and blood plasma;proteolytically digesting the biological sample;determining by SRM mass spectrometry the amount of at least one PTH peptide present in the biological sample, wherein the at least one PTH peptide comprises at least one of LQDVHNFVALGAPLAPR (SEQ ID NO.: 8), SVSEIQLMHNLGK (SEQ ID NO.: 7), HLNSMER (SEQ ID NO.: 1), FVALGAPLAPR (SEQ ID NO.: 6) and ADVNVLTK (SEQ ID NO.: 5); andcomparing the determined amount of the at east one. PTH peptide to a correspond mg control value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one PTH peptide comprises LQDVHNFVALGAPLAPR (SEQ ID NO.: 8).3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of determining by SRM mass spectrometry the amount of at least one PTH peptide comprises monitoring at least one precursor-to-product ion transition selected from a group consisting of m/z 607→681 claim 2 , 607→553 and 607→569.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one PTH peptide comprises SVSEIQLMHNLGK (SEQ ID NO.: 7).5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the step of determining by SRM mass spectrometry the amount of at least one PTH peptide comprises monitoring at least one precursor-to- ...

Method And System Of Identifying A Sample By Analysing A Mass Spectrum By The Use Of A Bayesian Inference Technique

A method of and apparatus for identifying and/or characterising a sample that may incorporate two or more isomeric or isobaric compounds such as hydroxylated metabolites. The method involves modelling an ensemble of possible structures for each of two or more known isomeric or isobaric compounds, calculating a theoretical collision cross-section for each modelled structure, averaging the calculated values for each known compound to provide a theoretical collision cross-section value for each known compound. A travelling wave ion mobility cell is used to measuring a collision cross-section value for the sample compound and the measured value is then compared with the theoretical values to identify which of the two or more known compounds the sample compound most closely resembles.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DESORPTION IONIZATION

The invention relates to method and apparatus for production of gaseous ions from components of a condensed phase sample and analysis thereof, wherein one or more liquid jet(s) is/are directed to the surface of the sample to be investigated, where the impact of the liquid jet on the sample surface produces droplets carrying sample particles which are turned into gaseous ions via the evaporation of liquid or, if desired, by a subsequent ionization after the evaporation and the obtained sample particles are analyzed by a known method. 1. A method of analyzing biological tissue in vivo , the method comprising:surgically exposing the biological tissue;converting certain components of the exposed biological tissue into gaseous tissue particles;transporting at least some of the gaseous tissue particles to an analyzer unit; andanalyzing at least some of the gaseous tissue particles with the analyzer unit,wherein the gaseous tissue particles comprise gaseous ions and/or tissue particles convertible into gaseous ions, andwherein the components of the exposed biological tissue are converted into gaseous tissue particles by other than solvent action.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyzer unit comprises a mass spectrometer or an ion mobility spectrometer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the converting comprises applying an analytical beam to a portion of the exposed biological tissue.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the analytical beam comprises a continuous liquid jet.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surgically exposing is performed at a pressure substantially higher than vacuum.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the surgically exposing is performed at ambient pressure.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surgically exposing comprises cutting into the biological tissue.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the converting is performed on the exposed biological tissue at a depth in order to determine the in-depth distribution of the composition of the ...

METHODS OF ADMINISTERING TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN, ASSOCIATED COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS OF MEASURING

The present invention is directed to treatment methods of administering tetrahydrobiopterin, including in oral dosage forms, in intravenous formulations, and with food. Also disclosed herein are biopterin assays for measuring the amount of biopterin and metabolites of biopterin in a sample. 1. A method of orally administering tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) , comprising administering to a human in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of BH4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , and informing said human that absorption of said BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is increased when it is ingested with food compared to when ingested without food.212-. (canceled)13. A method of increasing gut retention time of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a subject comprising administering a formulation to said subject , said formulation comprising (1) BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (2) an agent that slows gut motility , wherein the BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof administered via the formulation has a longer gut retention time in comparison with a control formulation of BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof not having an agent that slows gut motility.1419-. (canceled)20. An oral formulation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , comprising BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and an agent that slows gut motility.2125-. (canceled)26. A liquid formulation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , comprising an aqueous solution of BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , an antioxidant , and a pH buffer.27. A dry powder formulation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for constitution into an aqueous solution , comprising a dry powder mixture of BH4 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , an antioxidant , and a pH buffer.2837-. (canceled ...

PROCESS FOR DETERMINING MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION FROM A SPECIFIC CHEMICAL FINGERPRINT

The present invention relates to a process for determining mycotoxin production in an interior environment which includes a search for a chemical fingerprint comprising at least one target molecule that is a VOC, optionally cyclic, associated with mycotoxin production, preferably selected from the group comprising cububene, cadiene, copaene, ylangene, D germacrene, muurolane, 1,1-dimethylbutylbenzene, 1,1,2-trimethyl-propyl-benzene, 1-hexyltetradecylbenzene, tetratetracontane, 1-ethyldecylbenzene, hydroxytoluene butylate, 1-butyloctylbenzene, 1-propylnonylbenzene, 2-methylisoborneol and at least one sesquiterpene. 2. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that said target molecule is selected from the group comprising cububene claim 1 , cadiene claim 1 , copaene claim 1 , ylangene claim 1 , D germacrene claim 1 , muurolane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1-dimethylbutylbenzene claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2-trimethyl-propyl-benzene claim 1 , 1-hexyltetradecylbenzene claim 1 , tetratetracontane claim 1 , 1-ethyldecylbenzene claim 1 , hydroxytoluene butylate claim 1 , 1-butyloctylbenzene claim 1 , 1-propylnonylbenzene claim 1 , 2-methylisoborneol and at least one sesquiterpene.3. Process according to claims 1 , characterized in that the chemical fingerprint includes at least two target molecules of which at least one is a sesquiterpene.4. Process according to claim 2 , characterized in that the chemical fingerprint includes all said target molecules.5. Process according to claim 1 , characterized in that it includes a step of searching for fungal contamination zones conducted before step (a).6. Process for determining mycotoxin production in an interior environment comprising the steps of:a) Collecting an air sample from the interior environment; and then 1) VOCs that are released independently of the fungal species and the medium thereof and that are released only by fungal species;', '2) VOCs that are released independently of the fungal species and the medium, and ...

Spectrometer Apparatus

An ion mobility spectrometer has several electrodes spaced along its ion source region. Voltages are applied to the electrodes to produce a voltage gradient along the length of the ion source region. By varying the voltage gradient, the residence time of ions in the ion source region can be selectively varied. Typically, the spectrometer is arranged to reduce the residence time in response to a decrease in the amplitude of an ion peak detected at the far end of the drift region.

Detection And Quantification Of Vitamin D Metabolites Using An Alkylamine To Form Stable Adducts For Mass Spectrometric Analysis

The invention describes a method of determining the amount of an analyte in a sample wherein the analyte comprises one or more vitamin D metabolites; comprising the steps of; contacting the analyte with an alkylamine to form an alkylamine adduct; subjecting the adduct to a MS technique to determine the amount of the adduct; and calculating the amount of the analyte equivalent to the amount of the adduct. 1. A method of determining the amount of an analyte in a sample wherein the analyte comprises one or more vitamin D metabolites , comprising the steps of:contacting the analyte with an alkylamine to form an alkylamine adduct;subjecting the adduct to a MS technique to determine the amount of the adduct; andcalculating the amount of the analyte equivalent to the amount of the adduct.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vitamin D metabolite comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of:1-alpha-hydroxy vitamin D2, 1-alpha-hydroxy vitamin D3, 25-hydroxy vitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, (R) 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, (R)24,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, (S)24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2, (S)24,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D2, and 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is a monoamine.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is a C-Calkylamine.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is a C-Calkylamine.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is a C-Calkylamine.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine is a diamine of formula HN(CH2)nNH2 wherein n is an integer from 2-12.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the MS technique comprises a tandem (MS/MS) technique.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the MS technique is a LC-MS/MS technique.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the MS technique comprises a triple quadruple technique using Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) in positive ion mode.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LC-MS/MS ...

IONISATION METHOD FOR A UNIVERSAL GAS ANALYZER

The invention provides a method and system for analyzing a gas for the presence of a reactant compound via reaction of primary ions of a specific type. A source gas is introduced to a reaction chamber and ionized in this chamber. The pressure in the reaction chamber is adjusted to avoid the formation of protonated species and other impurities. The primary ions generated in the reaction chamber are transferred to a drift tube. The gas to be analyzed is diluted with a carrier gas and the resulting mixture is introduced into the drift tube. The ionization energy of the carrier gas is equal to or higher than the ionization energy of the primary ions. The product ions resulting in the drift tube from a reaction of the primary ions with the reactant present in the gas to be analyzed are then detected, for example using a mass spectrometer. Preferably, an existing PTR-MS setup is used to perform the method of the present invention. 1. Method for analyzing a gas for the presence of a reactant compound by reaction with primary ions of a specific type , the method comprising the steps of(a) introducing a source gas to a reaction chamber and ionizing the source gas to yield primary ions, wherein the pressure in the reaction chamber is adjusted to avoid the formation of protonated species and other parasitic ions;(b) transferring the primary ions to a drift tube;(c) diluting the gas to be analyzed with a carrier gas and introducing the diluted gas into the drift tube, wherein the ionization energy of the carrier gas is equal to or higher than the ionization energy of the primary ions; and(d) detecting the presence of product ions resulting from a reaction of the primary ions with the reactant.2. Method according to wherein the primary ions are noble gas ions selected from the group consisting of Kr claim 1 , Xe claim 1 , Ne claim 1 , Ar claim 1 , and He.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the flow rate of the source gas to the reaction chamber is between 0.5 and 10 sccm.4. ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ESTIMATING MOLECULAR PARAMETERS IN A SAMPLE PROCESSED BY MEANS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY

A method for estimating molecular parameters in a sample comprising the following steps: passing the sample through a processing chain including a chromatography step; thereby obtaining a representative signal of molecular parameters as a function of at least one variable of the processing chain; and estimating the molecular parameters using a signal processing device by inverting a direct analytical model of said signal defined as a function of the molecular parameters and technical parameters of the processing chain. Moreover, the processing chain includes a step for multiple measurements of the same product from the chromatography step, the direct analytical model of said signal comprises modelling of this multiple measurement step, and this modelling requires at least one common characteristic of the signals obtained from these multiple measurements. 2. The method for estimating molecular parameters as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said at least one common characteristic comprises a common chromatographic temporal form of the signals obtained.3. The method for estimating molecular parameters as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the multiple measurement step comprises tandem mass spectrometry of products from the chromatography step claim 1 , for example SRM spectrometry.4. The method for estimating molecular parameters as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molecular parameters relate to proteins and the sample comprises one of the elements of the set consisting of blood claim 1 , plasma and urine or any other biological fluid.6. The method for estimating molecular parameters as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the direct analytical model is inverted by minimising a squared error according to the least squares criterion or by means of a Bayesian inversion method.9. The device for estimating molecular parameters as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the processing chain comprises a chromatography column and a tandem mass spectrometer and is designed to provide a representative ...

Method for Measuring Neuropeptide Y in Biological Samples

The present invention provides methods for determining the amount of NPY in a biological sample using mass spectrometry. The methods involve specific sample collection processes necessary to stabilize and facilitate NYP analyses. Once in the laboratory, sample preparation is followed by on-line extraction, liquid chromatographic separation of relevant moieties with detection by MS/MS whereby specific ion transitions are monitored. This invention has several clinical utilities related to disease processes and patient assessment. 1. A method for simultaneously determining the amount of neuropeptide Y and its metabolites in a test sample comprising:a. isolating neuropeptide Y and its metabolites in a test sample using liquid chromatography;b. ionizing neuropeptide Y and its metabolites in the test sample;c. detecting the amount ions(s) produced by mass spectrometry; andd. correlating the amount of the detected ion(s) to the amount of neuropeptide Y and its metabolites in the test sample.2. The method of wherein isolating neuropeptide Y and its metabolites includes ultracentrifugation.3. The method of wherein isolating neuropeptide Y and its metabolites includes solid-phase extraction.4. The method of wherein liquid chromatography is HPLC.5. The method of further includes protein purification or on-line extraction.6. The method of wherein neuropeptide Y and its metabolites are derivatized prior to step (c).7. The method of wherein at least one of the ions of neuropeptide Y or its metabolites has a unique mass/charge ratio.8. The method of wherein step (c) further comprises generating at least one fragment ion of neuropeptide Y or its metabolites having a unique mass/charge ratio.9. The method of wherein mass spectrometry is tandem mass spectrometry.10. The method of wherein tandem mass spectrometry is performed in positive ion mode claim 9 , negative ion mode claim 9 , or a combination of positive and negative ion mode.11. The method of wherein the amount of ...

ANALYZING A METABOLITE LEVEL IN A SAMPLE

The invention generally relates to methods for analyzing a metabolite level in a sample. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention may involve obtaining a sample, analyzing the sample using a mass spectrometry technique to determine a level of at least one metabolite in the sample, and correlating the metabolite level with an originating source of the sample, thereby analyzing the sample. 1. A method for analyzing a sample , the method comprising:obtaining a sample;analyzing the sample using a mass spectrometry technique to determine a level of at least one metabolite in the sample; andcorrelating the metabolite level with an originating source of the sample, thereby analyzing the sample.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sample is a tissue sample.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the metabolite level in the tissue sample is indicative of cancerous tissue.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the metabolite level in the tissue sample is indicative of non-neoplastic tissue.5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the mass spectrometry technique is performed in a manner that does not destroy native tissue morphology during analysis.6. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising performing a histochemistry analysis technique on the tissue sample.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the histochemistry analysis technique is H&E staining or immunohistochemistry.8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein analyzing comprises imaging a section of the tissue.9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the mass spectrometry technique utilizes an ionization source that operates at atmospheric pressure and temperature.10. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the mass spectrometry technique utilizes a direct ambient ionization/sampling technique.11. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the direct ambient ionization/sampling technique is desorption electrospray ionization.12. The method according to claim 5 , ...

METHODS OF VALIDATING CANDIDATE COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN TREATING COPD AND OTHER DISEASES

The present invention relates to methods of diagnosing, monitoring, and treating elastin fiber injuries. In additional preferred embodiments, the present invention relates to methods of validating candidate compounds for use in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, emphysema, refractory asthma, and other related diseases. Examples of such methods include determining if the candidate compound decreases the degradation of elastic fiber in a patient administered the candidate compound by measuring, using mass spectrometry employing an internal standard, a marker of elastic fiber degradation in a sample of a body fluid or a tissue of the patient. The invention provides that a decrease in the presence of the marker compared to a control validates that the candidate compound is effective to treat, prevent, or ameliorate the disease. 1. A method of validating whether a candidate compound is effective to treat , prevent , or ameliorate the effects of a disease characterized by elastic fiber injury comprising determining if the candidate compound decreases the degradation of an elastic fiber in a patient administered the candidate compound by measuring , using mass spectrometry employing an internal standard , a marker of elastic fiber degradation in a sample of a body fluid or a tissue of the patient , wherein a decrease in the presence of the marker compared to a control validates that the candidate compound is effective to treat , prevent , or ameliorate the disease.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the elastic fiber injury is elastin degradation.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the disease is selected from the group consisting of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) claim 1 , COPD with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) claim 1 , chronic bronchitis claim 1 , emphysema claim 1 , and refractory asthma.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the disease is COPD.5. The method according to claim 1 , ...

Ion Mobility Spectrometers

An ion mobility spectrometer has a reaction region separated from a drift region by an electrostatic gate. A doping circuit supplies a dopant to the reaction region but the drift region is undoped. Two high field ion modifiers are located one after the other in the drift region. One ion modifier can be turned on to remove dopant adducts from the admitted ions, or both ion modifiers can be turned on so that the ions are also fragmented. In this way, several different responses can be produced to provide additional information about the nature of the analyte substance and distinguish it from interferents.

QUANTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ALLERGENS

Embodiments of the invention include methods of determining the allergen content of a composition. Embodiments of the invention may include providing a composition comprising an allergen; at least partially purifying the allergen from the composition to form an extract; and determining the amount of allergen in the extract using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection. 1. A method of determining the allergen content of a composition , the method comprising:providing a composition comprising an allergen;at least partially purifying the allergen from the composition to form an extract; anddetermining the amount of allergen in the extract using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and/or mass spectrometric detection.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid chromatography is two-dimensional liquid chromatography.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the allergen is a food allergen claim 1 , latex allergen claim 1 , and/or an aero-allergen.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the food allergen is a food cereal crop claim 3 , peanut claim 3 , tree nut claim 3 , milk claim 3 , egg claim 3 , crustacean claim 3 , fish claim 3 , or potato allergen.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the food cereal crop allergen is maize lipid transfer protein.6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the acro aero-allergen is a pollen or a spore.7. A method of determining the allergen content of a composition claim 3 , the method comprising:providing a composition comprising an allergen;at least partially purifying the allergen from the composition to form an extract;determining the amount of allergen in the extract using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and/or mass spectrometric detection;providing a source of purified allergen; andcalibrating the equipment used to perform the liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and/or mass spectrometric detection with the source of purified allergen.8. The method according ...

DETECTION OF SALIVA PROTEINS MODULATED SECONDARY TO DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU OF THE BREAST

A method of differentiating among the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ in the breast, benign fibroadenoma of the breast, and non-cancerous breast tissue in a subject is disclosed. The method comprises: measuring the concentration of at least one protein biomarker selected from a group of forty-nine differentially expressed proteins in the saliva of persons with DCIS, or benign fibroadenoma, or in persons who are cancer-free. The resulting test data is compared to a reference panel. From the comparison the presence in the subject of either ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast, or benign fibroadenoma of the breast is determined. 1. A method of diagnosing the likelihood of the presence or occurrence of breast tumor in a test subject , the method comprising:(a) measuring in a saliva sample from the test subject the concentration of at least a first protein biomarker, wherein said protein biomarker is selected from the group consisting of CAH6 (Carbonic anhydrase VI), K2C4 (Cytokeratin 4), CYTA (Cystatin A), FABP4 (Epid. Fatty acid binding prot.), IGHGI (Ig gamma-1 chain C region), TRFL (Lactoferrin), BPIL1 (Bact. Perm.-increasing prot.-1), CYTC (Cystatin C), HPT (Haptoglobin), PROF1 (Profilin-1), ZA2G (Zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein), ENOA (Alpha enolase), IGHA2 (Ig alpha-2 chain C region), IL-1ra (Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein precursor), S10A7 (S100 calcium-binding protein A7), and SPLC2 (Short palate, lung and nasel epith Carc. assoc. protein 2), wherein said protein biomarker is differentially expressed in breast tumor and tumor-free breast tissue, to provide a set of test data comprising a test concentration value of each said protein biomarker in said saliva sample; (1) a mean concentration value of each said protein biomarker in saliva from a group of breast tumor-free individuals (reference control group),', '(2) a mean concentration value of each said protein biomarker in saliva from a group of individuals with ductal carcinoma in situ of the ...

SYNCHRONIZATION OF ION GENERATION WITH CYCLING OF A DISCONTINUOUS ATMOSPHERIC INTERFACE

The invention generally relates to methods and devices for synchronization of ion generation with cycling of a discontinuous atmospheric interface. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a system for analyzing a sample that includes a mass spectrometry probe that generates sample ions, a discontinuous atmospheric interface, and a mass analyzer, in which the system is configured such that ion formation is synchronized with cycling of the discontinuous atmospheric interface. 1. A system for analyzing a sample , the system comprising:a mass spectrometry probe that generates sample ions;a discontinuous atmospheric interface; anda mass analyzer;wherein the system is configured such that ion formation is synchronized with cycling of the discontinuous atmospheric interface.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the probe comprises a spray emitter and a high voltage source claim 1 , wherein the probe is configured such that the high voltage source is not in contact with spray emitted by the spray emitter.3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein ions are generated by inductive charging.4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the mass analyzer is for a mass spectrometer or a handheld mass spectrometer.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the mass analyzer is selected from the group consisting of: a quadrupole ion trap claim 4 , a rectalinear ion trap claim 4 , a cylindrical ion trap claim 4 , a ion cyclotron resonance trap claim 4 , and an orbitrap.6. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a source of nebulizing gas.7. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the source of nebulizing gas is configured to provide pulses of gas.8. The system according to claim 7 , wherein the gas pulses are also synchronized with ion formation and cycling of the discontinuous atmospheric interface.9. A method for analyzing a sample claim 7 , the method comprising:generating ions of an analyte in a sample using a mass spectrometry probe; ...

Process for Monitoring Industrial Fluids and Treatment of Same

Industrial fluids can be monitored by employing differential ion mobility spectrometer to sample the industrial fluids. This process may also include controlling an industrial device or an industrial process using the results of the output from the field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer. The process may also include employing a device to condition the sample prior to introducing the sample into field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer. 1. A process for monitoring industrial fluids comprising employing differential ion mobility spectrometry to sample the industrial fluids.2. The process of wherein the process further comprises using the differential ion mobility spectrometry to control an industrial process.3. The process of wherein the differential ion mobility spectrometry is performed using a field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer.4. The process of further comprising conditioning an industrial fluid prior to introducing the industrial fluid into field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer.5. The process of wherein the industrial fluids are selected from the group consisting of aqueous fluids claim 2 , non-aqueous fluids claim 2 , and mixtures of aqueous and nonaqueous fluids.6. The process of wherein the industrial fluids are selected from the group consisting of emulsions and other multiphase fluids which are admixtures of aqueous and non-aqueous fluids.7. The process of wherein the industrial fluids are selected from the group consisting of: fluids present in the exploration for or production of oil and gas claim 5 , fluids present during the refining of crude oil claim 5 , and fluids present during the production of chemical products.8. The process of wherein the industrial fluid is selected from the group consisting of cooling water claim 2 , process water claim 2 , oil field drilling and completion fluids claim 2 , oil and gas well production fluids claim 2 , crude oil claim 2 , feed streams to desalting units claim 2 , outflow from desalting units ...

METHOD OF ANALYZING A MATERIAL

A method of material analysis, including; placing an electrode in proximity to the material; applying a voltage signal to generate plasma, preferably Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Air, between the material and the electrode; moving the electrode relative to the surface; monitoring an electrical signal associated with the microdischarge; and detecting a change in a physical characteristic of the material through variation in the monitored signal. 1. A method of analysing a material , including;placing an electrode in proximity to the material;applying a voltage signal to generate a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) between the material and the electrode;moving the electrode relative to the surface;monitoring a signal associated with the microdischarge; anddetecting a change in a physical characteristic of the material through variation in the monitored signal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes tuning circuitry used to apply a signal to the electrode claim 1 , in order to generate the DBD only when the electrode is proximate the material and adjacent the change in physical characteristic.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes applying the electrode to teeth and the topographical feature represents a cavity in the teeth.4. The method of claim 3 , used to detect cavitated or non-cavitated caries lesions claim 3 , micro-cracks claim 3 , or voids between the teeth and dental fillings claim 3 , crowns claim 3 , bridges or similar.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the change in physical characteristic represents one of a surface defect claim 1 , a change in surface coating claim 1 , variation of material structure or composition claim 1 , or a topographical change.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes proving the electrode as a portable dielectric electrode.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method includes identifying a material defect as a result of detecting a surface defect claim 1 , a change in surface ...

WATER QUALITY MONITORING APPARATUS

There is provided a water quality monitoring apparatus including: an air quality analyzing unit detecting, using an ion mobility sensor, air quality in a space that is at least partially enclosed by a partition wall and a boundary surface with water whose water quality is to be monitored; and an alarm unit that outputs a signal indicating an abnormality if an air quality pattern obtained by the air quality analyzing unit is outside a tolerated range for air quality patterns of air that contacts the water to be monitored. Such water quality monitoring apparatus is capable of monitoring the water quality of drinking water inside a water tank or the like indirectly but precisely by detecting the quality of the air contacting the water using an ion mobility sensor. 1. A water quality monitoring apparatus comprising:an air quality analyzing unit that detects, using an ion mobility sensor, air quality in a space that is at least partially enclosed by a partition wall and a boundary surface with water whose water quality is to be monitored; andan alarm unit that compares an air quality pattern that is obtained by the air quality analyzing unit and is an air quality pattern fundamentally including information on every constituent capable of being ionized and being detected by the ion mobility sensor, with a normal air quality pattern that is produced in a case where the ion mobility sensor measures air contacting water to be monitored when the water to be monitored is normal, without identifying the constituents included in the obtained air quality pattern, and outputs a signal indicating an abnormality if the obtained air quality pattern is outside a tolerated range for air quality patterns of air that contacts the water to be monitored.2. The water quality monitoring apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a vaporization unit that promotes vaporization of the water to be monitored; anda dehumidifier unit that dehumidifies air in the space and supplies the air ...

SYSTEM LAYOUT FOR AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS

A sample preparation and analysis system (). The system () includes a housing () with a sample preparation station () and a sample analysis station () positioned within the housing (). The sample analysis station () is spaced away from the sample preparation station (). A transport assembly () is configured to move at least one sample within the housing () and between the sample preparation station () and the sample analysis station (). 1. (canceled)2. An automated biological specimen preparation and mass spectrometry analysis system for analyzing a plurality of biological specimens , comprising:a sample preparation station configured to prepare samples taken from the plurality of biological specimens; anda sample analysis station including a mass spectrometer configured to quantify one or more analytes in one or more of the prepared samples;wherein the sample preparation station and the sample analysis station are contained within a housing and such that the sample preparation station is positioned substantially on one side of the housing, at a height that is greater than a height of a base of the mass spectrometer;the mass spectrometer is positioned substantially on the other side of the housing, at a height that is less than a height of a base of the sample preparation station; andthe sample analysis station further includes one or more liquid chromatography pumps and at least one liquid chromatography mobile phase container, the at least one liquid chromatography mobile phase container being positioned at a height that is greater than a height of the one or more liquid chromatography pumps.3. The automated biological specimen preparation and mass spectrometry analysis system of claim 2 , wherein the mass spectrometer is spaced away from the sample preparation station.4. The automated biological specimen preparation and mass spectrometry analysis system of claim 2 , wherein the sample preparation station is positioned substantially within the upper quadrant of a ...

Ion mobility spectrometer and method of operating same

An ion mobility spectrometer instrument has a drift tube that is partitioned into a plurality of cascaded drift tube segments. A number of electric field activation sources may each be coupled to one or more of the plurality of drift tube segments. A control circuit is configured to control operation of the number of electric field activation sources in a manner that sequentially applies electric fields to the drift tube segments with a activation duration of at least one of the electric field activation sources different than that of the others to allow only ions having a predefined ion mobility or range of ion mobilities to travel through the drift tube. The drift tube segments may define a linear drift tube or a closed drift tube with a continuous ion travel path.

RAPID METHOD FOR TARGETED CELL (LINE) SELECTION

The present invention relates to a process for the prediction of cell culture performance data of sample cells, a process for the isolation of said cells and a device for the prediction of cell culture performance data of sample cells. 112-. (canceled)13. A process for the prediction of cell culture performance data of at least one sample cell , the process comprising:(a) providing a sample of the at least one sample cell, cell culture performance data from a standard cell and raw standard MS (mass spectrometric) data from the standard cell,(b) subjecting the sample of the at least one sample cell to a MS analysis to obtain raw sample MS data thereof,(c) subjecting the raw standard and the raw sample MS data to at least one first MS signal processing method to obtain pre-treated standard and sample MS profiles and(d) subjecting the cell culture performance data from the standard cell of (a) and the pre-treated standard and sample MS profiles obtained in (c) to a second MS signal processing method including a PLS-DA (partial least squares discriminant analysis) based comparative evaluation so as to predict the cell culture performance data of the at least one sample cell, wherein the cell culture performance data are cell specific productivity, integral viable cell count or cell product concentration data.14. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the cell is selected from a group consisting of human cell lines claim 13 , animal cell lines claim 13 , plant cell lines claim 13 , cells from fungi claim 13 , cells from bacteria claim 13 , cells from yeast and stem cells.15. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the cell is a CHO cell line or a CHO-K1 cell line.16. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the MS analysis in (b) is MALDI-TOF.17. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the sample of the sample cells subjected to (b) comprises from 0.015×106 to 0.0625×106 cells.18. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the raw sample MS data obtained ...

PREDICTION OF A SMALL-FOR-GESTATIONAL AGE (SGA) INFANT

A method of predicting a SGA infant in a patient at a pre-symptomatic gestational stage is described. The method comprises a step of assaying a biological sample from the patient for an abundance of a plurality of metabolite biomarkers selected from the 19 metabolite biomarkers of Table IV, correlating the abundance of the plurality of metabolite biomarkers with a metabolite fingerprint of SGA shown in Table IV, and predicting SGA based on the level of correlation between the abundance of the plurality of metabolite biomarkers and the metabolite fingerprint of Table IV. 1. A method of predicting a SGA (small-for-gestational age) infant in a patient at a pre-symptomatic gestational stage comprising a step of assaying a biological sample from the patient for abundance of a plurality of metabolite biomarkers selected from the 19 metabolite biomarkers of Table IV , correlating the abundance of the plurality of metabolite biomarkers with a metabolite fingerprint of SGA shown in Table IV , and predicting SGA based on the level of correlation between the abundance of the plurality of metabolite biomarkers and the metabolite fingerprint of Table IV.2. A method as claimed in in which the SGA is SGA associated with IUGR (Intrauterine growth restriction).3. A method as claimed in in which the biological sample is selected from venous cord blood or maternal peripheral blood.4. A method as claimed in in which the biological sample is obtained from the patient at week 15 gestational stage+/−2 weeks.5. A method as claimed in in which the biological sample is assayed for substantially all of the 19 metabolite biomarkers of Table IV claim 1 , and in which the levels of the assayed metabolite biomarkers are correlated with the metabolite fingerprint of SGA shown in Table IV claim 1 , wherein SGA is predicted based on the level of correlation between the levels of the assayed metabolite biomarkers of Table IV and the metabolite fingerprint of Table IV.6. A method as claimed in in ...

ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER CLEAR-DOWN

Method and systems for managing clear-down are provided. The method can include generating a clear-down trigger associated with an ion mobility spectrometer and operating the ion mobility spectrometer in fast clear-down mode in response to the clear-down trigger. Methods and systems can further provide that where the ion mobility spectrometer operates in fast-switching mode, the ion mobility spectrometer alternating a plurality of times between operation according to a positive ion mode and operation according to a negative ion mode, and further operating according to the positive ion mode for less than about 1 second before switching to the operation according to the negative ion mode, and operating according to the negative ion mode for less than about 1 second before switching to the operation according to the positive ion mode. 1. A method comprising:receiving a clear-down trigger; andfast clearing-down an ion mobility spectrometer, responsive to receipt of the clear-down trigger, to remove residual sample accumulated during previous analysis of a sample, wherein clearing-down is performed by fast-switching between positive and negative modes to purge the residual sample from the ion mobility spectrometer.20. The method of claim , wherein fast clearing-down comprises at least one of:operating in positive ion mode for less than about one second before switching to operating in negative mode and operating in negative mode for less than about one second;operating in positive ion mode for less than about one half a second before switching to operating in negative mode and operating in negative mode for less than about one half a second;operating in positive ion mode for less than about 20 milliseconds before switching to operating in negative mode and operating in negative mode for less than about 20 milliseconds;operating in positive ion mode for between approximately 10 to 200 milliseconds before switching to operating in negative mode and operating in negative ...

Combination Ion Gate And Modifier

A detection device including an ionization region, an ion gate comprising two electrodes, an ion modifier comprising two electrodes, a drift chamber and a collector. The ion gate and ion modifier are combined so the ion gate is one of the ion modifier electrodes.

Control of Gas Flow in High Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry

A High Field Asymmetric Waveform ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS) apparatus comprises (a) a first and a second gas inlet; a)) an expansion chamber receiving ions from an ion source and the first and second gas flows from the first and second gas inlets, respectively; (c) an outer electrode having a generally concave inner surface and comprising: (i) an ion inlet operable to receive, from the expansion chamber, the ions and a combined gas flow comprising portions of the first and second gas flows; and (ii) an ion outlet; and (d) an inner electrode having a generally convex outer surface that is disposed in a spaced-apart and facing arrangement relative to the inner surface of the outer electrode for defining an ion separation region therebetween, wherein the combined gas flow and a portion of the ions travel through the ion separation region from the ion inlet to the ion outlet. 1. A High Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS) apparatus comprising:(a) an ion source;(b) a first and a second gas inlet;(c) an expansion chamber receiving first and second gas flows from the first and second gas inlets, respectively; (i) an ion inlet operable to receive ions from the ion source and to receive a combined gas flow comprising portions of the first and second gas flows from the expansion chamber; and', '(ii) an ion outlet; and, '(d) an outer electrode having a generally concave inner surface and comprising(e) an inner electrode having a generally convex outer surface that is disposed in a spaced-apart and facing arrangement relative to the inner surface of the outer electrode for defining an ion separation region therebetween, wherein the combined gas flow and a portion of the ions are received into the ion separation region from the ion inlet and travel through the ion separation region from the ion inlet to the ion outlet.2. A FAIMS apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first and second gas inlets are disposed at opposite sides of the ion inlet ...

Signal extraction circuits and methods for ion mobility tube, and ion mobility detectors

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to substance detection technology, and to signal extraction circuits and methods for ion mobility tubes, and ion mobility detectors, which can solve the problem with the conventional technologies that it is difficult to design and manufacture the leadout circuit for the pulsed voltage on the Faraday plates. A signal extraction circuit for an ion mobility tube includes an DC-blocking module configured to remove a DC voltage contained in a voltage extracted, by a signal leadin terminal, from the Faraday plate, and to output, by a signal leadout terminal, a pulsed voltage contained in the voltage extracted from the Faraday plate. An ion mobility detector includes the signal extraction circuit for an ion mobility tube according to the present invention. A signal extraction method for an ion mobility tube includes extracting a voltage on a Faraday plate in the ion mobility tube, removing a DC voltage contained in the voltage extracted from the Faraday plate, and outputting a pulsed voltage contained in the voltage extracted from the Faraday plate. The present invention is used to extract a pulsed voltage from the Faraday plate.

METHODS OF MONITORING METABOLIC PATHWAYS

The present invention provides methods and compositions for monitoring cofactors and metabolites of a metabolic pathway of interest. The subject compositions and methods are particularly suited for monitoring the mevalonate pathway in a variety of cells. The invention also provides fermentation methods for the production of isoprenoids. 117-. (canceled)18. An extract from a cell comprising one or more cofactors and one or more mevalonate pathway metabolites , wherein the extract exhibits a pH value of 8 or greater and comprises an alcohol , and wherein the cofactor and the metabolite are stable in said extract for at least about 8 hours.19. The extract of wherein the one or more cofactors and one or more mevalonate pathway metabolites are stable in said extract for at least about 12 hours.20. The extract of wherein the alcohol is methanol.21. The extract of that is quenched at a temperature below −23° C. with a quenching solvent that is a liquid at −80° C.2229-. (canceled)30. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the one or more cofactors are selected from the group consisting of NAD claim 18 , NADP claim 18 , NADH claim 18 , NADPH claim 18 , AMP claim 18 , ADP and ATP.31. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the one or mevalonate pathway metabolites are selected from the group consisting of acetyl CoA claim 18 , acetoacetyl-CoA claim 18 , 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA claim 18 , farnesyl pyrophosphate claim 18 , geranyl pyrophosphate claim 18 , isopentenyl pyrophosphate claim 18 , dimethylallyl pyrophosphate claim 18 , mevalonate claim 18 , mevalonate phosphate claim 18 , and mevalonate pyrophosphate.32. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the cell is prokaryotic.33. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the cell is eukaryotic.34. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the cell is a bacterial cell.35. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the cell is a yeast cell.36Saccharomyces cerevisiae.. The extract of claim 34 , wherein the yeast is37. The extract of claim 18 , wherein the alcohol ...

Methods For Rapid Forensic Analysis Of Mitochondrial DNA

The present invention provides methods for rapid forensic analysis of mitochondrial DNA by amplification of a segment of mitochondrial DNA containing restriction sites, digesting the mitochondrial DNA segments with restriction enzymes, determining the molecular masses of the restriction fragments and comparing the molecular masses with the molecular masses of theoretical restriction digests of known mitochondrial DNA sequences stored in a database. 1. A method of forensic analysis of a sample comprising mitochondrial DNA comprising:selecting a region of mitochondrial DNA comprising at least one restriction site whereat a restriction enzyme cleaves said mitochondrial DNA to produce a plurality of restriction fragments;populating a relational database of known mitochondrial DNA sequences with entries which correspond to theoretical restriction fragments obtained from theoretical digestion of each member of said database at said at least one restriction site;selecting a primer pair with which to amplify said region of mitochondrial DNA in said sample;amplifying said region of mitochondrial DNA in said sample to produce an amplification product;digesting said amplification product with at least one restriction enzyme to produce a plurality of restriction fragments;experimentally testing each member of said plurality of restriction fragments; andcomparing said experimentally tested members with said theoretical digestion of each member of said database, wherein at least one match or lack of a match provides a forensic conclusion.2. The method of wherein said region of mitochondrial DNA comprises HV1.3. The method of wherein each member of said primer pair has at least 70% sequence identity with the sequence of the corresponding member of any one of the following primer pair sequences: SEQ ID NOs: 12:13 claim 2 , 12:14 claim 2 , 12:15 claim 2 , 16: 17 claim 2 , 42:43 claim 2 , 42:46 claim 2 , 67:68 claim 2 , 69:70 claim 2 , 12:68 claim 2 , 12:70 claim 2 , 67:15 claim 2 , ...

ANALYSIS OF MICROBES FROM MICROCOLONIES BY MALDI MASS SPECTROMETRY

The invention relates to the cell disruption of microbes and the preparation of the microbe proteins for mass spectrometric analysis. The cells of microbes from microcolonies are disrupted by physical or chemical means directly on the nutrient medium. The released proteins are then transferred to sample supports by direct contact with their contact surfaces; electrophoresis can be used for assistance. Once the the proteins are firmly adsorbed on the contact surfaces, they can be washed with water in order to remove substances which interfere with the ionization process. For analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI), the proteins are prepared on the contact surfaces of the sample supports with matrix substances to form MALDI samples; the sample supports are then introduced into a MALDI mass spectrometer for the acquisition of the mass spectra. The microbes are identified by similarity comparisons between the mass spectra of the microbe proteins and similarly obtained reference spectra. 1. A method for the mass spectrometric analysis of microbes on the surface of a nutrient medium in a mass spectrometer with ionization by matrix-assisted laser desorption , comprising the steps:(a) disrupting the cells of microbes on the surface of the nutrient medium,(b) transferring the microbe proteins released by the cell disruption onto a contact surface of a sample support by direct contact of the contact surface with the cell disrupted microbes,(c) preparing the transferred microbe proteins are prepared as a MALDI sample on the contact surface of the sample support, and(d) transferring the sample support with the MALDI sample to the mass spectrometer.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the end surface of a pin-shaped sample support is brought into contact with the cell disrupted microbes claim 1 , the contact surface of the pin-shaped sample support being so small that only microbe proteins of an individual colony are transferred onto the pin-shaped sample ...

ANALYSIS METHOD

In a method for detecting a glucagon-secretin family peptide in a sample, the sample is contacted with a cleaving agent capable of digesting the glucagon-secretin family peptide by cleaving a peptide bond of at least one aspartic acid within the glucagon-secretin family peptide and thereby generating a plurality of peptide fragments, at least one of the peptide fragments containing an N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide. The peptide fragment that contains the N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide is then detected using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The amount of peptide fragment that contains the N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide in the sample can then be quantitated using a calibration curve. 1. A method for analyzing a glucagon-secretin family peptide in a sample , the method comprising:cleaving a peptide bond of at least one aspartic acid within the glucagon-secretin family peptide to generate a plurality of peptide fragments, wherein at least one of the peptide fragments contains an N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide;separating and purifying the plurality of peptide fragments using liquid chromatography to select the peptide fragment that contains the N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide; andcarrying out mass spectrometry on the sample to detect the peptide fragment that contains the N-terminal end of the glucagon-secretin family peptide.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in the cleavage step the peptide bond of the at least one aspartic acid is cleaved using a cleaving agent selected from the group consisting of a site-specific protease and an acid.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cleaving agent is selected from the group consisting of endopeptidase ASP-N claim 2 , formic acid claim 2 , acetic acid claim 2 , trifluoroacetic acid claim 2 , propionic acid and combinations thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Method for Detection and Quantification of Target Biomolecules

The invention relates to a method for detection and quantification of target biomolecules, such as DNA, RNA or proteins, using exogenous element labelling and dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry. 1. Method for detecting and quantifying at least one type of target molecules by quantifying molecules-molecules interactions , comprising:(a) grafting unlabelled molecules on one or more array(s),(b) labelling with one or more exogenous element(s) one or more type(s) of circulating molecules in one or more solution(s);(c) putting solution(s) containing circulating molecule(s) into contact with the one or more array(s) obtained from step (a), before or after the labelling step (b), under conditions that allow the unlabelled grafted molecules present on the array(s) to interact with the circulating molecules from the solution,washing and drying the array,(e) possibly locating the so-obtained spots,(f) detecting and counting by D-SIMS said exogenous element(s) of each labelling or a group of elements containing said exogenous element(s) of each labelling and possibly a reference natural element present on the spot for each spot of each array,(g) calculating the ratio(s) between spots of the values of the counting by D-SIMS of each labelling and/or calculating the ratio(s) for each spot between the value of the counting by D-SIMS of each labelling and the value of the counting by D-SIMS of a reference natural element present on the spot, for example in the grafted molecules or in the grafting buffer.2. Method according to in two solutions of at least one type of molecules claim 1 , comprising the following steps in this order:(a) grafting unlabelled molecules on one or more array(s),(b1) labelling with an exogenous element X at least a type of circulating molecules in a solution 1;(b2) labelling with an exogenous element Y different from X at least a type of circulating molecules in a solution 2 different from 1;(c) putting said solutions 1 and 2 into contact with an array ...

Methods for Improving Diabetes Management

A method for determining the levels of biomarkers, specifically, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidation products (Ops) in a biological sample such as a plasma ultrafiltrate, is used to determine a patient's risk and/or rate of developing diabetes related nephropathy. The preferred biomarkers to measure include N-(1-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL), methylglyoxyl-derived hydroimidazolone (MGHI) and N-carboxymethyllysine (CML). Also provided herein is a method of diabetic care which includes determining a diabetic patient's risk of developing diabetes related kidney disease and adjusting the patient's treatment regimen to include in addition to glucose lowering agents, additional treatments such as medications that modify the renin-angiotensin system, or specialized diets with low levels of AGEs or oxidative products. 1. A method for determining the risk or rate of an individual of developing diabetic nephropathy , eye disease or cardiovascular complications comprising:determining the levels of two or more biomarkers purified from a biological sample,wherein the biomarkers are selected from the group consisting of lysine advanced glycation end products, arginine advanced glycation end products, and oxidation products, andcomparing the metabolite levels to standard values, wherein the level of the biomarkers indicates the risk of developing diabetic complications or the rate of developing diabetic complications.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomarker is selected from the group consisting of N-carboxy methyl-lysine (CML) claim 1 , N-carboxy ethyl-lysine (CEL) claim 1 , Glyoxal hydroimidazolone (GH1) claim 1 , Methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone (MGH1); 3-Deoxyglucosone Hydroimidazolone (3DGH) claim 1 , methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) claim 1 , and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT).3. The method of wherein the advanced glycation end products are selected from the group consisting of N-(1-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) claim 1 , methylglyoxyl-derived hydroimidazolone (MGHI) and N ...

SPECIFIC ANALYSIS OF KETONE AND ALDEHYDE ANALYTES USING REAGENT COMPOUNDS, LABELING STRATEGIES, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY WORKFLOW

Labeling reagents, sets of labeling reagents, and labeling techniques are provided for the relative quantitation, absolute quantitation, or both, of ketone or aldehyde compounds including, but not limited to, analytes comprising steroids or ketosteroids. The analytes can be medical or pharmaceutical compounds in biological samples. Methods for labeling, analyzing, and quantifying ketone or aldehyde compounds are also disclosed as are methods that also use mass spectrometry. 2. The set of labels of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the compounds of the set of labels is isotopically enriched with two or more heavy atoms.3. The set of labels of claim 2 , wherein the heavy atoms are each independently C claim 2 , N claim 2 , O claim 2 , S claim 2 , or S.4. The set of labels of claim 1 , wherein each of the compounds in the set of mass labels are isobaric in the unsalted or unhydrated form claim 1 , and each of the isobaric labels contains one or more heavy atom isotopes.5. The set of labels of claim 1 , wherein each label in the set of labels being differentiated from the another label in the set by a mass difference greater than about 1 amu.6. The set of labels of claim 1 , wherein n is an integer from 2 to 10.7. A kit comprising the set of mass labels of claim 1 , and one or more other assay components.8. The kit of claim 7 , wherein the one or more other assay components comprises a buffer claim 7 , a reagent claim 7 , a separation column claim 7 , and instructions for carrying out an assay.9. A method for mass analysis of an analyte in a sample comprising: {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2, 'i': 'n', 'Y—(CH)-ONH'}, 'derivatizing an analyte comprising an aldehyde or ketone functional group, with a labeling reagent of formulawherein n is an integer from 1 to 100 and Y is a group containing a net positive charge, to form a labeled analyte;subjecting the labeled analyte to ionization; anddetecting the analyte by mass analysis.11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising ...

DETECTION APPARATUS

An ion mobility spectrometer has a pair of electrodes and midway along the drill chamber. A high field is applied between the electrodes and sufficient to modify ions in the region of the electrodes such that they move at a different rate towards the collector plate. This is used to modify the time of flight of selected ions or ion clusters and enable identification of ambiguous peaks on the IMS spectrum. 1. Detection apparatus for detecting substances in a sample , characterized in that the apparatus includes an electrical arrangement for subjecting molecules of the substances to an electrical field high enough to cause ion modification of some at least of the molecules.2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the apparatus includes an ionizer for ionizing the sample and an arrangement for measuring the mobility of the ions produced claim 1 , and that the electrical arrangement causes ion modification of some at least of the ionized molecules.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the electrical field is symmetrical.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the electrical field is an RF field.5. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the electrical field is applied in short bursts.6. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the molecules are individual molecules or clusters of molecules.7. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that molecules include attached dopant molecules.8. Apparatus according to claim 1 , characterized in that the electrical field is arranged to cause ion modification of only selected ones of the molecules.9. Detection apparatus for detecting substances in a sample claim 1 , characterized in that the apparatus includes an arrangement for applying energy to molecules of the substance sufficient to cause ion modification of only selected ones of the molecules.10. Detection apparatus for detecting substances in a sample claim 1 , characterized in that ...

Proteolytic digestion kit with dried reagents

Compositions and methods are provided for the rapid and efficient denaturation and degradation of protein samples. The compositions and methods produce samples that can readily be analyzed by, for example, mass spectrometry. Unwanted dilution of the sample is avoided and the samples and methods are amenable for use with robotic laboratory sample handling instruments. The compositions and methods surprisingly provide significantly improved reproducibility and accuracy of the resulting mass spectrometric analyses.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS USING INTEGRATED METABOLOMICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS FOR MULTI-COMPONENT DRUG EVALUATION

Disclosed are methods and systems for identifying biochemical changes in a subject in response to administration of a multi-component therapeutic and one or more active ingredients in the multi-component therapeutic. The methods and systems of the invention may be used to elucidate the interaction of the biological system's genome with its environments, and in the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicology analysis of multi-component therapeutics. The metabolomics methods and systems of the invention can also be used in studies of plant derived agents to demonstrate biochemical alterations in response to the dynamic multi-component intervention. 1. A method of identifying biochemical changes in a subject in response to administration of a multi-component therapeutic and one or more active ingredients in the multi-component therapeutic comprising:(a) determining a component profile for the multi-component therapeutic,(b) determining a pre-administration metabolome in a subject sample before administration of the multi-component therapeutic;(c) determining a post-administration metabolome in a subject sample after administration of the multi-component therapeutic;(d) comparing the component profile for the multi-component therapeutic to the subject's post-administration metabolome, wherein shared components are absorbed components from the multi-component therapeutic by the subject;(e) comparing the subject's pre-administration metabolome to the subject's post-administration metabolome, wherein shared components are altered endogenous components that are differentially expressed by administration of the multi-component therapeutic;wherein components in the subject's post-administration metabolome that are not absorbed components or altered endogenous components are metabolized and/or biotransformed components; andwherein the absorbed components, metabolized and/or biotransformed components and the altered endogenous components are used to characterize the ...

Sampling of confined spaces

In various embodiments of the invention, a cargo container can be monitored at appropriate time intervals to determine that no controlled substances have been shipped with the cargo in the container. The monitoring utilizes reactive species produced from an atmospheric analyzer to ionize analyte molecules present in the container which are then analyzed by an appropriate spectroscopy system. In an embodiment of the invention, a sorbent surface can be used to absorb, adsorb or condense analyte molecules within the container whereafter the sorbent surface can be interrogated with the reactive species to generate analyte species characteristic of the contents of the container.

Reagent impregnated swipe for chemical detection

The invention is directed to a swipe with at least one ionization reagent associated with the swipe for detecting target analytes and methods of detecting the target analyte molecules that can indicate the presence of, for example, explosives, narcotics, chemical warfare agents, biological warfare agents, or toxins. The swipe can be used to transfer molecules from a surface to the swipe for further analysis. In particular, the swipes can include an ionization reagent that is preferably a low volatility compound and capable of forming ionization reagent-analyte complexes with target analytes. The swipe can also include multiple ionization reagents with different volatilities such that they are released sequentially during a thermal ramp-up. Alternatively, the swipe can have multiple ionization reagents associated with spatially separated portions of the swipe such that they can be releasable sequentially to detect multiple target analytes.

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FLAME IONIZATION DETECTOR AND CORRESPONDING FLAME IONIZATION DETECTOR

A flame ionization detector having at least one combustion chamber, at least one conduit for directing a gas or gas mixture, and at least one electrode structure, and a process for forming the flame ionization detector by providing two or more green ceramic films, forming geometric structures in said green ceramic films, depositing at least a portion of an electrically conductive structure on at least one of said green ceramic films, stacking said green ceramic films, laminating said green ceramic films, and sintering said laminated green ceramic films to faun said flame ionization detector. 1. A method for the production of a flame ionization detector having at least one combustion chamber , at least one channel for directing a gas or gas mixture , and at least one electrode structure , comprising the steps of:providing two or more green ceramic films;forming geometric structures in said green ceramic films;depositing at least a portion of an electrically conductive structure on at least one of said green ceramic films;stacking said green ceramic films;laminating said green ceramic films; andsintering said laminated green ceramic films to form said flame ionization detector.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the geometric structures formed in the green ceramic films form through-recesses and/or cavities in the stacked ceramic films.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the geometric structures are formed in the green ceramic films in such a way that claim 1 , when the green ceramic films are stacked claim 1 , the geometric structures combine in the different ceramic films to form at least one hollow space.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the electrically conductive structure is applied by a silk-screening method.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein sintering is conducted at a maximum temperature of below about 1000° C.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein sintering is conducted at a temperature ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING RETENTION TIME MATCHING

A method for matching a precursor ion with one or more related product ions includes providing input data sets obtained from sample injections, each of the data sets including a precursor ion and one or more product ions, normalizing the input data sets in accordance with a single retention time for the precursor ion, determining which product ions are within a predetermined retention time window with respect to the single retention time, and, if a product ion is within the predetermined retention time window for a specified number of the input data sets, determining that the product ion is related to the precursor having the single retention time. An apparatus for analyzing a sample includes a chromatography module, a mass-spectrometry module in communication with the chromatography module, and control unit in communication with the chromatography module and the mass-spectrometry module. 131-. (canceled)32. A method for determining a set of related ions comprising:performing a plurality of experiments using one or more samples, wherein each of said plurality of experiments performed using a sample included in said one or more samples further comprises performing a chromatographic separation and mass spectral analysis of said sample;obtaining a plurality of input data sets from said plurality of experiments, wherein each of said plurality of experiments results in obtaining one of said plurality of input data sets based on at least one spectrum obtained from said each experiment;selecting a precursor ion at a single retention time, wherein each of the plurality of input data sets includes information identifying ions and associated retention times for the identified ions including said precursor ion;aligning said plurality of input data sets in accordance with said single retention time of the precursor ion;for each of said plurality of input data sets, determining which product ions of said each input data set are within a retention time window with respect to said ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FRACTIONATION-BASED CHEMICAL ANALYSES

A method () for analyzing chemicals includes fractionating a complex sample into at least two sample portions that each includes potions of two polypeptides though in different concentration ratios, digesting and performing LC/MS on each of the sample portions ( and associating precursor ions observed via LC/MS with their corresponding polypeptide in response to LC/MS provided intensity data (). A set of precursor ions that has substantially similar intensity ratios in both sample portions is determined to be associated with the same polypeptide. 114-. (canceled)15. An apparatus for performing sample analysis comprising:a chromatography module;a mass-spectrometry module in communication with said chromatography module; anda control unit in communication with said chromatography module and said mass spectrometry module, said control unit including at least one processor and a memory for storing a plurality of instructions executed by said processor, said plurality of instructions causing said processor to perform a method comprising:providing a first sample portion and a second sample portion, wherein said first sample portion and said second sample portion are included in a plurality of samples portions produced by fractionating a complex sample, wherein said complex sample includes at least a first compound and a second compound, wherein said first sample portion and said second sample portion each include portions of the first compound and the second compound though in different concentration ratios;performing analysis of the first sample portion to observe intensities of precursor ions associated with the first and second compounds in the first sample portion, wherein said analysis of the first sample portion includes performing a chromatographic separation using the chromatography module and performing mass analysis using the mass-spectrometry module;performing analysis of the second sample portion to observe intensities of precursor ions associated with the ...

METHODS AND KITS FOR DETECTION OF COENZYME Q10

The invention provides methods for rapid and quantitative extraction and detection of coenzyme Q10 in a sample readily adaptable to high throughput screening methods. The invention further provides reagents and kits for practicing the methods of the invention. 1. A method for determining the amount of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in a sample , the method comprisingadding a first extraction buffer and a second extraction buffer to the sample that results in phase separation of the sample; and analyzing the second extraction layer to determine the amount of CoQ10.2. The method of claim 1 , the method comprisingadding a first extraction buffer and a second extraction buffer to the sample;mixing the sample; andanalyzing the second extraction layer to determine the amount of CoQ10, wherein a single extraction with the first extraction buffer and the second extraction buffer results in detecting an at least 2-fold greater amount of CoQ10 than using methanol-only extraction.3. The method of claim 1 , the method comprisingadding a first extraction buffer to the sample;heating and mixing the sample;adding a second extraction buffer to the sample that results in phase separation of the sample;heating and mixing the sample;cooling the sample to ambient temperature; andanalyzing the second extraction buffer layer to determine the amount of CoQ10 in the sample.4. The method of claim 2 , the method comprisingadding a first extraction buffer to the sample;heating and mixing the sample;adding a second extraction buffer to the sample that results in phase separation of the sample;heating and mixing the sample;cooling the sample to ambient temperature; andanalyzing spectroscopically by spectroscopic analysis the second extraction buffer layer to determine the amount of CoQ10 in the sample, wherein a single extraction with the extraction buffer results in extracting at least 2-fold greater amount of CoQ10 than using methanol-only extraction followed by Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/ ...

COMPACT ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER

The invention relates to devices for measuring the mobility of ions in gases at pressures of a few hectopascal. To make the device more compact, drift regions are bent into curved shapes, which extend into the third dimension. Parts of the drift region may lie above others. Alternating directions of curvature in the curved shapes balance out different path lengths by passing through approximately equal drift distances on outer and inner trajectories. Ions are held near the axis of the curved drift region by sectional or permanent focusing. One possible shape is a double loop in the shape of a figure eight. The shape extends perpendicular to its plane of projection so that several double loops lie on top of each other. RF ion funnels or ion tunnels can keep the ions near the axis. Axial focusing may use a pseudopotential radial to the axis of the curved shape. 1. Device for the separation of ions according to their ion mobility with a drift region in which the ions are pulled through a gas by means of electric fields , wherein the drift region is bent into a curved shape which extends over three spatial dimensions and comprises opposing curvatures such that ions at a distance from the axis travel alternately on outer and inner trajectories.2. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the curved shape of the drift region turns back on itself in the projection onto a base area claim 1 , and at least parts of the drift region come to lie adjacent to each other in a third dimension.3. Device according to claim 2 , wherein the drift region is designed as a tube with inner electrodes and gas flows in the tube.4. Device according to claim 2 , wherein the drift region has the shape of a figure eight layered in tiers.5. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the drift region is formed by a row of apertured diaphragms.6. Device according to with a voltage supply which is used to supply the apertured diaphragms alternately with the two phases of an RF voltage.7. Device according to ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF POLYMERIC SPECIES FROM MASS SPECTROMETRY OUTPUT

Methods and apparatus are provided for the identification of one or more candidate chemical formulas from mass spectrometry data corresponding to an unidentified chemical compound. By restricting the generation of candidate formulas to those having repeating units and/or end units with specified limitations, the methods and apparatus may more efficiently iteratively search for a chemical formula having matching mass spectrometry output within a threshold tolerance. In another aspect, methods and apparatus are provided for the identification of one or more candidate chemical formulas from mass spectrometry data based at least in part upon neutral loss. 1. A method for identifying a species of an unidentified chemical compound comprising two or more repeating structural units , the method comprising:accessing at least a portion of mass spectrometry data, wherein the portion of mass spectrometry data relates to a sample comprising the unidentified chemical compound, wherein the unidentified chemical compound comprises (a) the two or more repeating structural units, and (b) at least one end unit;determining at least one of (a) a chemical formula of the repeating structural unit, and (b) an estimated weight of the two or more repeating structural units; andidentifying, by a processor of a computing device, one or more candidate chemical formulas for the unidentified chemical compound based at least in part upon the mass spectrometry data, and based further in part on at least one of (a) the chemical formula of the repeating structural unit, and (b) the estimated weight.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:each repeating structural unit of the two or more repeating structural units has a same chemical formula, andthe at least one end unit has a chemical formula different than the chemical formula of the two or more repeating structural units.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a set of candidate chemical elements claim 1 , wherein the chemical formula ...

METHOD FOR CHARACTERISING THE ORIGIN AND/OR CONDITION OF DISEASED OR HEALTHY CELLS AND USES THEREOF IN BIOLOGY

The invention relates to a method for characterising the origin and/or condition of diseased or healthy cells, characterised in that it includes the measurement of isotopic variations in a natural abundance of elements of cells, the contents of which are modified in a situation of disease, using an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (abbreviated as IRMS), advantageously using an elemental analyser coupled with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (abbreviated as EA-IRMS). 1. A method for characterizing the origin and/or condition of diseased cells and by way of comparison healthy cells , characterized in that it comprises the measurement of natural abundance isotope variations of elements of cells , the contents of which are modified in a situation of disease , using an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (abbreviated as IRMS) , advantageously using an elemental analyzer coupled with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (abbreviated as EA-IRMS).2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the isotope variations measured are those of N and C.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , characterized by the determination of N/N and C/C isotope ratios.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that it also comprises the measurement of natural abundance isotope variations of H and/or of O and/or of S.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises at least one of the following steps:introduction of the cell extracts with a stream containing oxygen into the combustion furnace of an EA-IRMS for the purposes of oxidation and/or reduction for the quantitative conversion of the cells into gas,removal of the water formed and separation of the gases,introduction of the gases into the IRMS in order to produce molecular ions collected in collectors,establishment of the spectra of the ion currents of the isotopomers of the isotopic elements to be measured,the isotopic content of the cells studied being expressed by the isotope ratio R of the ion ...

SYNCHRONIZATION OF ION GENERATION WITH CYCLING OF A DISCONTINUOUS ATMOSPHERIC INTERFACE

The invention generally relates to methods and devices for synchronization of ion generation with cycling of a discontinuous atmospheric interface. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a system for analyzing a sample that includes a mass spectrometry probe that generates sample ions, a discontinuous atmospheric interface, and a mass analyzer, in which the system is configured such that ion formation is synchronized with cycling of the discontinuous atmospheric interface. 1. A method for monitoring a reaction in real-time , the method comprising:selecting a solvent that is compatible as both a reaction solvent and an ionization solvent;conducting a reaction in the solvent in a vessel;flowing a portion of the solvent from the vessel to an ion generating device;generating ions of one or more analytes in the solvent with the ion generating device; andanalyzing the ions, thereby monitoring the reaction in real-time.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the flowing step and the generating step are continuous.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ion generating device comprises a spray emitter and a high voltage source claim 1 , wherein the device is configured such that the high voltage source is not in contact with spray emitted by the spray emitter.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein generating comprises pulsing voltage from the high voltage source that is not in contact with the flowing solvent to inductively interact with the flowing solvent in the device claim 3 , thereby producing ions of the one or more analytes in the solvent.5. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising pulsing nebulizing gas through the ion generating device to interact with the flowing solvent.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein analyzing comprises providing a mass analyzer to generate a mass spectrum of analytes in the sample.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein both positive and negative ions are produced.8. The method according ...

FIELD ASYMMETRIC ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY SYSTEM

An apparatus, system and method for detecting, identifying, classifying and/or quantifying chemical species in a gas flow using a micro-fabricated ion filter coupled to a system adapted to apply drive signals to the ion filter. Coupled to the ion filter is a system adapted to measure the output of the ion filter, which in turn is coupled to a system adapted to extract numerical parameters from the measured output of the ion filter to facilitate chemical detection, identification, classification and/or quantification of the gas flow. 1. An apparatus for detecting , identifying , classifying and/or quantifying chemical species in a gas flow comprising:a micro-fabricated ion filter;a system adapted to apply drive signals to the ion filter;a system adapted to measure the output of the ion filter; anda system adapted to extract numerical parameters from the measured output of the ion filter to facilitate chemical detection, identification, classification and/or quantification of the gas flow.2. An apparatus as recited in wherein the ion filter separates ions using a Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometer (FAIMS).3. An apparatus as recited in further adapted to use measurements of ion current as a function of one or more of compensation field and dispersion field to facilitate chemical detection claim 2 , identification claim 2 , classification and/or quantification.4. An apparatus as recited in further adapted to use the trajectory of one or more ion peaks in FAIMS spectrum to facilitate chemical detection claim 3 , identification claim 3 , classification and/or quantification.5. An apparatus as recited in further adapted to classify ion peak trajectories into one or more of a number of categories to facilitate chemical detection claim 4 , identification claim 4 , classification and/or quantification.6. An apparatus as recited in wherein the categories are based on the form of variation in the peak position along the compensation field axis as dispersion ...

Isotopically-Labeled Proteome Standards

The invention provides methods for quantifying biomolecules, such as polypeptides in mass spectrometric analysis. The methods include use of a biomolecule standard having at least one atomic isotope different than that of the naturally occurring isotopes in the biomolecule of interest. Methods of the present invention also include methods for quantifying biomolecules where the copy biomolecule standard is made by expressing the biomolecule using a recombinant cell. Further included are the biomolecule standards themselves, method for making such standards, kits, systems, reagents, and engineered cells relating to the use of biomolecule standards in mass spectrometric analysis. 151-. (canceled)52. A kit comprising at least one amino acid containing one or more atomic isotopes that are different in molecular mass from naturally-occurring isotopes; and one or more of:a protein synthesis system;a template instruction for synthesizing a biomolecule standard;a resin for purifying said biomolecule standard;a protein quantitation reagent;an enzyme or chemical reagent capable of cleaving said biomolecule standard;a resin for purifying said biomolecule standard;an enzyme or chemical preparation capable of cleaving said biomolecule standard;a vector; anda polymerase.53. The kit of claim 52 , wherein said synthesis system comprises an extract selected from the group consisting of a bacterial extract claim 52 , a eukaryotic extract claim 52 , a plant extract claim 52 , a mammalian extract claim 52 , and an insect extract.54. The kit of claim 52 , further comprising at least one buffer for in vitro protein synthesis.55. The kit of claim 52 , wherein said isotope is an atom selected from the group consisting of N claim 52 , C claim 52 , O claim 52 , H and S.56. (canceled)57. The kit of claim 52 , wherein said enzyme is selected from the group consisting of trypsin claim 52 , Endo-Lys-C claim 52 , Endo-Glu-C claim 52 , AspN protease claim 52 , a yeast peptidase claim 52 , V-8 ...

Apparatus for Monitoring Particles in an Aerosol

The present invention relates to an apparatus () for monitoring particles in a channel () or a space comprising aerosol and to an ion trap arrangement in the apparatus. The apparatus () comprises an ejector (), gas supply () arranged to feed an essentially particle free ionized gas flow (C) to the ejector (), a sample-inlet arrangement () arranged to provide a sample aerosol flow (A) from the channel () into the ejector () by means of suction provided by the gas supply () and the ejector () for charging at least a fraction of the particles of the sample aerosol flow (A), and an ion trap () extending at least partly into ejector () for removing ions not attached to the particles. According to the invention the ion trap () is a provided as a metal trap wire. 110.-. (canceled)11. An apparatus for monitoring particles in a channel or a space comprising an aerosol , the apparatus comprising:an ejector;a gas supply that is arranged to feed an essentially particle-free ionized gas flow to the ejector;a sample-inlet arrangement that is arranged to provide a sample aerosol flow from the channel or the space into the ejector by means of suction provided by the gas supply and the ejector, and charges at least a fraction of the particles in the sample aerosol flow;an ion trap that removes ions that are not attached to the particles from an ejector flow that discharges from the ejector; andmeans for measuring the charge escaping from the ion trap;whereinthe ion trap is in the form of a trap wire, and extends at least partly into the ejector.12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the trap wire extends at least partly into the diverging diffuser of the ejector.13. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the trap wire extends at least partly into the throat of the ejector.14. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the trap wire is arranged to remove ions that are not attached to the particles from the ejector flow by an electric field claim 11 , a magnetic ...

Method for analyzing glycan structure

In order to provide an analysis method that is capable of determining a glycan structure with high detection sensitivity, a method of the present invention includes the steps of: carrying out triple quadrupole mass spectrometry at various values of CID energy; creating an energy-resolved profile including yield curves representing relationships between (i) a value of the CID energy and (ii) measured amounts of specific types of product ions; preparing a reference profile, and identifying a glycan structure of a test material by comparing the energy-resolved profile with the reference profile.

Ion Mobility Spectrometer Which Controls Carrier Gas Flow to Improve Detection

IMS apparatus has an inlet with a preconcentrator opening into a reaction region where analyte molecules are ionized and passed via a shutter to a drift region for collection and analysis. A pump and filter arrangement supplies a flushing flow of clean gas to the housing in opposition to ion flow. A pressure pulser connects with the housing and is momentarily switched to cause a short drop in pressure, in the housing to draw in a bolus of analyte sample from the preconcentrator. Just prior to admitting a bolus of sample, the pump is turned off so that the flushing flow drops substantially to zero, thereby prolonging the time the analyte molecules spend in the reaction region.

Method for Highly Multiplexed Quantitation of Peptides by Mass Spectrometry and Mass Labels Therefor

Disclosed herein are isobaric labeling reagent sets useful for multiplexed quantitation of peptides. The isobaric labeling reagent sets include a collection of at least two isobaric labeling reagents having first and second reporter groups with the same nominal mass but different isotopic substitutions and consequently different exact masses. Mass spectrometric analysis of the labeled samples is performed using a mass analyzer, such as an Orbitrap mass analyzer, capable of adequately resolving the ions of the first and second reporter groups. Reagent sets of the foregoing description may provide a degree of multiplexing in reporter ion quantitation experiments that is expanded relative to conventional labeling reagent sets, thereby reducing the number of chromatographic runs required for analysis and improving sample throughput. 1. An isobaric labeling reagent set for use in quantitative measurement of peptides by mass spectrometry , comprising:a plurality of isobaric labeling reagents each comprising a reporter group, a mass normalizing group, a peptide-reactive group, and a cleavable linker attaching the reporter group to the mass normalizing group, each one of the plurality of isobaric labeling reagents having the same nominal mass;each one of the isobaric labeling reagents having a reporter group with a mass different from the masses of the reporter groups of each of the other isobaric labeling reagents, each reporter group having the same elemental composition;wherein a first collection of at least two of the isobaric labeling reagents have reporter groups of the same nominal mass but different isotopic substitutions.2. The isobaric labeling reagent set of claim 1 , wherein the first collection includes isobaric labeling reagents having reporter groups with different numbers of C substitutions.3. The isobaric labeling reagent set of claim 1 , wherein the first collection includes isobaric labeling reagents having reporter groups with different numbers of N ...

STATION FOR THE SELECTIVE UNCAPPING OF GEL CARDS

The invention relates to a station for uncovering a receptacle comprising a body in which a plurality of adjacent holes, initially sealed by a cover, are formed. The station comprises at least one cutting member for making at least one cut in the cover between two adjacent holes, so as to form at least one cover portion closing off at least one of the holes of the receptacle, i.e., the selected hole; and at least one heating gripping device which is arranged so as to heat and remove said cover portion, thereby opening the selected hole. 110010121418. A station () for uncovering a receptacle () including a body () in which several adjacent holes () initially sealed by a cover () are formed , including:{'b': 112', '120', '120', '120', '120', '120', '120, 'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6, 'at least one cutting member () for making at least one cut in the cover between two adjacent holes, so as to form at least one cover portion (, , , , , ) covering at least one of the holes of the receptacle, being a selected hole;'}{'b': 130', '130', '130', '130', '130', '130', '130, 'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6, 'at least one heating gripping device (, , , , , , ) that is arranged to heat and remove said cover, thereby opening the selected hole.'}2112120112021203120412051206. The station according to claim 1 , including a plurality of cutting members () claim 1 , each of the cutting members being able to produce a cut in the cover between two adjacent holes so as to form one or more cover portions ( claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , ) covering one or more holes.3130130113021303130413051306160120112021203120412051206. The station according to claim 1 , including a plurality of gripping devices ( claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , ) that can be moved independently of one another claim 1 , each of the gripping devices having an idle position in which said gripping device is heated by a heating device () claim 1 , and a working position in ...

METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF GLYCOPROTEINS OR GLYCOPEPTIDES BY MASS SPECTROMETRY

A method for the analysis of samples including one or more glycopeptides including the steps of separating one or more glycopeptides using a chromatography system to produce a chromatographic eluent, adding a supercharging reagent to the chromatographic eluent, providing the chromatographic eluent and supercharging reagent to a mass spectrometer, ionizing said chromatographic eluent and supercharging reagent in an ion source to produce glycopeptide ions, performing at least one ion ion reaction on at least some of the glycopeptide ions to produce fragment ions, mass analyzing the fragment ions to produce ion ion reaction mass spectral data, and interpreting the ion ion reaction data mass spectral data to provide structural information relating to the glycopeptide. 1. A method for the analysis of samples including one or more glycopeptides comprising:separating one or more glycopeptides using a chromatography system to produce a chromatographic eluent;adding a supercharging reagent to the chromatographic eluent;providing the chromatographic eluent and supercharging reagent to a mass spectrometer;ionizing said chromatographic eluent and supercharging reagent in an ion source to produce glycopeptide ions; performing at least one ion ion reaction on at least some of the glycopeptide ions to produce fragment ions;', 'mass analyzing the fragment ions to produce ion ion reaction mass spectral data;', 'interpreting the ion ion reaction data mass spectral data to provide structural information relating to the glycopeptide., 'operating the mass spectrometer in at least a first mode, the first mode comprising2. The method of where the ion ion reaction is an Electron Transfer Dissociation reaction.3. The method of where the ion ion reaction is an Electron Capture Dissociation reaction.4. The method of where the ion ion reaction is a Proton Transfer Reaction.5. The method of where Electron Transfer Dissociation is performed using an Electron Transfer Dissociation reagent ...

Droplet Manipulation Using Gas-Phase Standing-Wave Ultrasound Fields in MS Sources

An ion source for a mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising an ionisation device which emits a stream of droplets and one or more ultrasonic transmitters which create one or more acoustic standing waves. The acoustic standing waves may be used to further nebulise the stream of droplets and induce internal mixing of the droplets.

Isotopocule Analysis of Hydrocarbon Contamination

Methods for identifying hydrocarbon contamination sources may include fingerprinting hydrocarbons using isotopocule analyses for BTEX compounds. For example, methods for identifying hydrocarbon contamination sources may comprise: extracting BTEX compounds from a sample; measuring the isotopocule composition of the BTEX compounds; and determining a characteristic of the sample based on the isotopocule composition. Such characteristics may include, but are not limited to, the characteristic of the sample comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of: a source of the sample, a condition at which the sample formed or was last equilibrated, a migration time from a source to a sample location, weathering of the sample, and degree to which the sample is anthropogenic and naturally-occurring. 1. A method comprising:extracting BTEX compounds from a sample;measuring the isotopocule composition of the BTEX compounds; anddetermining a characteristic of the sample based on the isotopocule composition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises water claim 1 , petroleum claim 1 , petrochemicals claim 1 , and/or solid material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extracting of the BTEX compounds uses preparative capillary gas chromatography.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring of the isotopocule composition uses high-resolution mass spectrometry.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring of the isotopocule composition uses tunable laser infrared spectroscopy.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the characteristic of the sample comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of: a source of the sample claim 1 , a condition at which the sample formed or was last equilibrated claim 1 , a migration time from a source to a sample location claim 1 , weathering of the sample claim 1 , and degree to which the sample is anthropogenic and naturally-occurring.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the source is a plurality of sources.8. The ...

Method of Charge State Selection

A method of mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed in which analyte ions of a desired charge state are isolated. The method comprises: separating analytes according to their electrophoretic mobility; ionising the analytes; and mass filtering the resulting analyte ions, wherein the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by a mass filter are varied as a function of the electrophoretic mobility and according to a predetermined relationship such that substantially only ions having said desired charge state are transmitted by the mass filter. 1. A method of mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry comprising:separating analytes in a separator such that analytes having different electrophoretic mobilities elute from the separator at different times;ionising the separated analytes as they elute from the separator so as to form analyte ions that are separated from each other;transmitting the separated analyte ions to a mass filter;obtaining a predetermined relationship between the elution times of the analytes from the separator, the mass to charge ratios of the analyte ions, and the charge states of the analyte ions;selecting one or more charge states of the analyte ions desired to be transmitted by the mass filter; andvarying the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by the mass filter as a function of the elution time of the analytes from the separator and according to said predetermined relationship such that substantially only ions having said one or more desired charge states are transmitted by the mass filter.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said predetermined relationship is known or determined in advance of said step of varying the mass to charge ratios of the ions transmitted by the mass filter.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein for analyte ions in each of said one or more desired charge states in said predetermined relationship claim 1 , the mass to charge ratios progressively increase without decreasing claim 1 , or ...

Optimised Ion Mobility Separation Timescales for Targeted Ions

An analytical device for analysing ions is provided comprising a separator for separating ions according to a physico-chemical property and an interface comprising one or more ion guides. A quadrupole rod set mass filter is arranged downstream of the interface. A control system is arranged and adapted: (i) to transmit a first group of ions which emerges from the separator through the interface with a first transit time t; and (ii) to transmit a second group of ions which subsequently emerges from the separator through the interface with a second different transit time t 1. An analytical device for analysing ions comprising:a separator for separating ions according to a physico-chemical property;an interface comprising one or more ion guides, each ion guide comprising a plurality of electrodes;a quadrupole rod set mass or mass to charge ratio filter arranged downstream of said interface; anda control system arranged and adapted:{'b': '1', '(i) to transmit a first group of ions which emerges from said separator through said interface with a first transit time t; and'}{'b': '2', '(ii) to transmit a second group of ions which subsequently emerges from said separator through said interface with a second different transit time t.'}2. An analytical device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said physico-chemical property comprises ion mobility or differential ion mobility.3. An analytical device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said separator comprises an ion mobility separator or a differential ion mobility separator.4. An analytical device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said physico-chemical property comprises mass or mass to charge ratio.5. An analytical device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein said separator comprises a time of flight region.6221. An analytical device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said control system is arranged and adapted to transmit said second group of ions through said interface with a transit time t claim 1 , wherein t>t.7. An analytical device as ...

Substances Detection System and Method

A system and methodology for the detection of threat substances is described. The detector system consists of a method to evaporate the sample into a primary separator and thermal release of trapped target materials into a secondary separator like conventional GC. The GC column is thermally ramped to elute all substances and the end of the column terminates into an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source of an axial ion mobility spectrometer (AIMS). Both polarity ions are pulsed into a single construction separator tube at different timing. Their arrival time is detected on a collector plate, which allows registering their ion mobility spectra of both polarities for a single GC peak. 19.-. (canceled)10. An apparatus for detecting the presence of one or more predetermined analytes in a sample , wherein the predetermined analytes number two or more , the apparatus comprising:a detector configured to receive and detect the presence of predetermined analytes carried in a carrier gas;a carrier gas generator, the generator comprising a single reservoir and configured to selectively operate in a gas delivery mode in which clean carrier gas is delivered to the detector and a cleaning mode in which the generator generates clean carrier gas for subsequent use in the detector;wherein the detector and the generator and positioned in a common housing.11. An apparatus for detecting the presence of one or more predetermined analytes in a sample , wherein the predetermined analytes number two or more , the apparatus comprising:a detector configured to receive and detect the presence of predetermined analytes carried in a carrier gas;a carrier gas generator, the generator comprising first and second reservoirs and configured such that the first reservoir operates in a gas delivery mode in which clean carrier gas is delivered to the detector while the second operates in a cleaning mode in which clean carrier gas is generated for subsequent use in the detector;the generator ...

REAGENTS FOR OXIDIZER-BASED CHEMICAL DETECTION

Reagents and methods are disclosed for detection of oxidizers and inorganic salts and other analytes of interest. The reagents can interact with their target analytes, especially oxidizer compositions or oxidizer-based explosives, to selectively enhance their ionization yield, interacting by chemical reaction or by forming an associative adduct which facilitates their detection. For example, the reagents can adduct with the counter-ion of the intended analyte for improved direct detection and/or react chemically via acid-base reactions to produce a new product for detection. In another aspect of the invention, reactive reagents and methods are also disclosed that facilitate indirect detection of the analyte at lower temperatures based on reduction-oxidation (redox) chemistry. These reagents are particularly useful in detecting oxidizer analytes. 1. A method for detection of an analyte molecule , M , potentially present in a sample as an ionizable compound or complex , MX , capable of dissociating into constituent ionic species , Mand counter-ions X , the method comprising: {'sup': +', '−, 'X, as a compound or complex XA, thereby ensuring greater availability of the ionized analyte, M, for detection; and'}, 'introducing a reagent, A, to sequester at least some of the counter-ions'}subjecting the ionized components of the sample to mass spectrometry, whereby the presence of M in the sample can be deduced.2. The method of wherein the method further comprises step of volatizing MX if present in the sample and dissociating it into constituent ionic species claim 1 , Mand counter-ions X claim 1 , before claim 1 , during or after dissociation.3. The method of wherein the step of subjecting ionized components of the sample to mass spectrometry further comprises subjecting the ionized components to ion mobility spectrometry.4. The method of wherein the method further comprises associating the reagent with a swipe prior to sample collection and then using the swipe to obtain ...

Differential Mobility Spectrometry Method

Methods and systems are provided herein for varying the CoV about a nominal CoV-apex while monitoring the ion of interest corresponding to the nominal CoV-apex as it is transmitted by a DMS. In various aspects, the CoV can be swept or stepped across a series of values during the injection of ions into the DMS such that a composite spectra of the ion of interest transmitted by the DMS (or its product ions following one or more stages of fragmentation) can be generated so as to include the transmission of the particular ion at a CoV with optimum sensitivity (i.e., if distinct from the CoV-apex), thereby improving the robustness, accuracy, and/or selectivity during experimental conditions relative to known DMS techniques, which typically used a fixed CoV value for each ion of interest.

MASS SPECTROMETER

For a sample containing a target component, a product-ion scan measurement in which the m/z value of a known ion originating from the compound is designated as a precursor ion is performed in a measurement unit () to acquire profile spectrum data. A peak detector () in a data processing unit (A) detects peaks on the profile spectrum. For each detected peak, a product-ion m/z-value acquirer () acquires an m/z value corresponding to the maximum intensity as the m/z value of a product ion. A pseudo MRM measurement data extractor () adopts the m/z value of the precursor ion and that of the product ion as an MRM transition, extracts the maximum intensity of the peak originating from the product ion as the signal intensity value on that MRM transition, and stores these data as pseudo MRM measurement data in a memory section (). Thus, quantitative information which reflects the concentration of the target compound can be obtained by a simple product-ion scan measurement without performing an MRM measurement. 1. A mass spectrometer including a front mass separator and a rear mass separator between which a collision cell for dissociating an ion is located , the mass spectrometer further comprising:a) a product-ion scan measurement execution controller for controlling each of the front mass separator, the rear mass separator and the collision cell so as to acquire a profile spectrum over a predetermined mass-to-charge-ratio range by executing a product-ion scan measurement in which a known ion originating from a target compound in a sample is designated as a precursor ion;b) a peak detector for detecting a peak according to a predetermined criterion on the profile spectrum or on a centroid spectrum derived from the profile spectrum;c) a product-ion mass-to-charge-ratio value determiner for determining a mass-to-charge-ratio value of a product ion to be combined with a mass-to-charge-ratio value of the precursor ion and be treated as an MRM transition, based on one or more ...

Methods of detecting and treating pulmonary hypertension

The present disclosure describes a method of quantifying amounts of phosphopeptides using isotopically-enriched peptides as internal standards. A kit comprising at least one isotopically-enriched phosphorylated peptide can be used to quantify changes in amounts of phosphopeptides using parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry techniques. The invention can be used to indicate the pathologic mechanism, severity of the disease, and treatment response of a subject. The invention can also be used to identify subjects who require more aggressive therapeutic interventions or alternative treatments.

INTEGRATED SAMPLE PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE DETECTION CAPABILITY

An integrated sample processing system including an analyzer and a mass spectrometer is disclosed. The integrated sample processing system can perform multiple different types of detection, thereby providing improved flexibility and better accuracy in processing samples. The detection systems in the sample processing system may include an optical detection system and a mass spectrometer.

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF POLYMERIC SPECIES FROM MASS SPECTROMETRY OUTPUT

Methods and apparatus are provided for the identification of one or more candidate chemical formulas from mass spectrometry data corresponding to an unidentified chemical compound. By restricting the generation of candidate formulas to those having repeating units and/or end units with specified limitations, the methods and apparatus may more efficiently iteratively search for a chemical formula having matching mass spectrometry output within a threshold tolerance. In another aspect, methods and apparatus are provided for the identification of one or more candidate chemical formulas from mass spectrometry data based at least in part upon neutral loss. 121-. (canceled)22. A method for identifying a species of an unidentified chemical compound , the method comprising:accessing, by a processor of a computing device, mass spectrometry data for a sample comprising the unidentified chemical compound;identifying, by the processor, at least a first candidate chemical formula for the unidentified chemical compound based at least in part on the mass spectrometry data; calculating a respective mass difference between a theoretical mass of the first candidate chemical formula and a respective experimental mass corresponding to the spectral peak, and', 'comparing the respective mass difference with a mass of each of one or more corresponding neutral molecular compositions to identify one or more candidate neutral molecular compositions corresponding to the spectral peak., 'determining, by the processor, the first candidate chemical formula is a neutral loss match to the unidentified chemical compound, said determining of the neutral loss match comprising, for each of a plurality of spectral peaks of the mass spectrometry data23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the mass spectrometry data comprises a collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectrum.24. The method of claim 22 , comprising:identifying, by the processor, a second candidate chemical formula;determining, by the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ION MOBILITY SEPARATIONS UTILIZING ALTERNATING CURRENT WAVEFORMS

Methods and apparatuses for ion manipulations, including ion trapping, transfer, and mobility separations, using traveling waves (TW) formed by continuous alternating current (AC) are disclosed. An apparatus for ion manipulation includes a surface to which are coupled a first plurality of continuous electrodes and a second plurality of segmented electrodes. The second plurality of segmented electrodes is arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes. An RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes is phase shifted by approximately 180° to confine ions within the apparatus. An AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes by 1°-359° to move ions longitudinally through the apparatus for separation. 1. An apparatus for ion manipulations , comprising:at least one surface;a first plurality of continuous electrodes coupled to the at least one surface and in electrical communication with a radiofrequency (RF) voltage source, wherein an RF voltage applied to adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes by the RF voltage source is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes of the first plurality of electrodes by approximately 180°; anda second plurality of segmented electrodes coupled to the at least one surface and arranged in longitudinal sets between or adjacent to the first plurality of electrodes, the second plurality of segmented electrodes being further in electrical communication with an alternating current (AC) voltage source, wherein an AC voltage waveform applied to adjacent electrodes within a longitudinal set of the second plurality of segmented electrodes by the AC voltage source is phase shifted on the adjacent electrodes of the second plurality of electrodes by 1°-359°.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of guard electrodes ...

DETECTING TARGETS USING MASS TAGS AND MASS SPECTROMETRY

Particular disclosed embodiments disclosed herein concern using a one or more various mass tags, which can be specifically deposited at targets through direct or indirect enzymatic-catalyzed transformation, to provide a method for identifying targets in tissue samples. The mass tags may be labeled with stable isotopes to produce mass tags having the same chemical structure but different masses. Mass codes produced by ionizing the mass tags are detected and/or quantified using mass spectrometry. The method can be used for multiplexed detection of multiple targets in a particular sample. In some embodiments, a map divided into sections representing sections of the tissue sample may be prepared, with the map sections including data corresponding to quantification data wherein the size of a mass peak is determined and correlated with the amount of a target for the corresponding tissue sample section. 1. (canceled)8. The conjugate of claim 7 , wherein the metal is Ni.9. The conjugate of claim 8 , wherein the two amino acids are both histidine. The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/981,181, filed on Dec. 28, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/805,983, filed Jan. 25, 2013, which is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2011/042853, filed Jul. 1, 2011, which claims the benefit of the earlier filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 119 (e) of U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/398,944, filed Jul. 2, 2010, U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/398,942, filed Jul. 2, 2010, U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/464,937, filed Mar. 11, 2011, and U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/464,977, filed Mar. 11, 2011, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirty.The present disclosure concerns embodiments of compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for using such compounds and compositions for imaging a target and/ ...

SENSOR APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR USE WITH GAS IONIZATION SYSTEMS

An ion mobility gas detector apparatus including a detector core, an inlet gas path, an exhaust gas path, a source of diluent gas, and at least one or more sensors for measuring temperature, pressure and humidity of gas streams. Further included is a mixing mechanism adapted to mix at least first and second gas streams in response to one or more sensor measurements. A controller is provided for applying drive signals to the detector core. 173-. (canceled)74. A method for mixing gas streams in an ion mobility sensor , comprising:providing a first inlet gas stream to the ion mobility sensor;providing a second diluent gas stream to the ion mobility sensor;measuring at least one of temperature, pressure and humidity of each first and second gas stream; andmixing at least the first and second gas streams in response to measurement of at least the first and second gas streams.75. The method as recited in claim 74 , wherein the ion mobility sensor further includes:a detector core;an inlet gas path; andan outlet gas path.76. The method as recited in claim 75 , further including applying drive signals to the detector core.77. The method as recited in claim 76 , wherein a controller applies the drive signals to the detector core.78. The method as recited in claim 74 , wherein at least one or more sensors are used to measure at least one of temperature claim 74 , pressure and humidity of each first and second gas stream.79. The method as recited in claim 74 , wherein a mixing mechanism mixes at least the first and second gas streams in response to measurement of at least the first and second gas streams.80. The method as recited in wherein the at least one or more sensors includes a humidity sensor positioned in a gas flow path connected in parallel with the detector core whereby at least a portion of inlet gas passes over the humidity sensor.81. The method as recited in wherein the ion mobility gas detector is a Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS) detector.82. ...

MULTIPLE ION GATE METHOD AND APPARATUS

A second gate in an Ion Mobility Spectrometer is used to select or block different time windows of the ion mobility spectrum. A second gate in the Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometer is used to modulate peak intensities in the IMS spectrum, allowing each peak in the IMS spectrum to be unambiguously matched with its set of fragment ions in a subsequent MS-MS mass spectrum. 1. A method for operating a ion mobility spectrometer , comprising:(a) Opening a first ion gate to allow a packet of mixed ions into the ion mobility analyzer,(b) Separating ions in the ion mobility analyzer,(c) Opening a second gate multiple times according to a waveform consisting of a series of time windows to allow ions with certain ion mobilities to pass through the second gate and block the ions with other ion mobilities.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the series of time windows is predetermined by on-line or off-line ion mobility measurement of the mixed ions.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the series of time windows is predetermined by theoretical calculation of ion mobility of the mixed ions.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the series of time windows is chosen to select ions with certain collision cross section from the mixed ions.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ions with certain ion mobilities are the ions of interest.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time windows when the second gate is closed are chosen to selectively block ions with specific ion mobilities.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: analyzing the ions that passed through the second gate with a mass spectrometer.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:(a) generating two or more waveforms, wherein the two or more waveforms have different combinations of opening times and widths;(b) opening and closing the second ion gate according to the first waveform, while collecting a spectrum;(c) opening and closing the second ion gate according to the second and subsequent waveforms, while collecting ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY ANALYZING MULTIPLE IONS WITH AN ELECTROSTATIC LINEAR ION TRAP

A charge detection mass spectrometer may include an ion source, an electrostatic linear ion trap (ELIT) including a charge detection cylinder disposed between a pair of coaxially aligned ion mirrors, means for selectively establishing electric fields within the ion mirrors configured to cause the trapped ions in the ELIT to oscillate back and forth between the ion mirrors each time passing through the charge detection cylinder, and means for controlling a trajectory of the beam of ions entering the ELIT to cause the subsequently trapped ions to oscillate with different planar ion oscillation trajectories angularly offset from one another about the longitudinal axis with each extending along and crossing the longitudinal axis in each of the ion mirrors or with different cylindrical ion oscillation trajectories radially offset from one another about the longitudinal axis to form nested cylindrical trajectories each extending along the longitudinal axis. 1. A charge detection mass spectrometer (CDMS) for simultaneously measuring multiple ions , comprising:an ion source configured to generate and supply a beam of ions,an electrostatic linear ion trap (ELIT) including a pair of coaxially aligned ion mirrors and an elongated charge detection cylinder disposed therebetween and coaxially aligned therewith such that a longitudinal axis of the ELIT passes centrally through each, a first one of the pair of ions mirror defining an ion inlet aperture about the longitudinal axis through which the supplied beam of ions enters the ELIT,at least one voltage source operatively coupled to the pair of ion mirrors and configured to produce voltages for selectively establishing electric fields therein configured to trap within the ELIT a plurality of ions in the entering beam of ions and to cause the plurality of trapped ions to oscillate back and forth between the pair of ion mirrors each time passing through the charge detection cylinder, andmeans for controlling a trajectory of the ...

SAMPLE ANALYSIS METHOD AND SAMPLE INTRODUCTION DEVICE

A desolvation unit performs desolvation by heating after a sample solution is turned to sample mist by a nebulizer. A sample gas that contains the desolvated sample mist and a carrier gas is introduced through a sample introduction tube to a plasma torch. An addition unit for adding, to the sample introduction tube, a water-containing gas is provided. The addition unit includes a container that contains ultrapure water, a gas tube for introducing the carrier gas into the ultrapure water to cause bubbling, and a gas tube for adding the water-containing gas, to the sample introduction tube. The plasma torch generates an inductively coupled plasma under the condition that supplied power is set to a range of 550 W to 700 W. Generation of interfering molecule ions due to an element having a high ionization potential is inhibited when an element in a sample ionized by the plasma is analyzed. 1. A sample analysis method for introducing , to plasma , a sample gas that contains sample mist having been desolvated by heating , and a carrier gas that transports the sample mist , and analyzing an element in a sample ionized by the plasma , the sample analysis method comprisingadding a water-containing gas as a carrier gas that contains water, to a path for introducing the sample gas to the plasma.2. The sample analysis method according to claim 1 , wherein the water-containing gas is generated by bubbling of the carrier gas in ultrapure water.3. The sample analysis method according to claim 1 , wherein the water-containing gas is generated by immersing claim 1 , in ultrapure water claim 1 , a carrier gas line formed by a hollow fiber filter.4. The sample analysis method according to claim 1 , wherein the plasma is an inductively coupled plasma generated by setting supplied power to a range of 550 W to 700 W.5. A sample introduction device applied to a method for introducing claim 1 , to plasma claim 1 , a sample gas that contains sample mist having been desolvated by heating ...

Ion guide

An ion guide may comprise a set of plate electrodes, each plate electrode having a plurality of apertures formed therethrough. The set of plate electrodes are spatially arranged such that a relative positioning of each plurality of apertures of a respective plate electrode of the set of plate electrodes and respective adjacent plate electrodes of the set of plate electrodes defines a continuous ion flight path through the respective plurality of apertures of each plate electrode of the set of plate electrodes. The continuous ion flight path has a helical-based and/or spiral-based shape.

INTELLIGENTLY CONTROLLED SPECTROMETER METHODS AND APPARATUS

The present invention relates to improving the ability of a hyphenated instrument to analyze a sample benefiting from having the first instrument's analysis of the same sample. A fast switching mechanism can be used as the interface between an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) and a mass spectrometer (MS) such that the obtained IMS spectrum is converted into a timing diagram that controls the vacuum inlet's size dynamically during analysis of a neutral and/or charged chemical and/or biological species such that a smaller pumping system can be used. 1. A vacuum inlet for a mass spectrometer comprising , a mechanism that controls a vacuum inlet structure for the mass spectrometera) to maintain the mass spectrometer at a pressure by dynamically controlling the size of the vacuum inlet at a first state; andb) to pulse the inlet structure according to a timing diagram to allow some part of a sample to enter the mass spectrometer, by temporarily changing the inlet structure to a second state;wherein each of the inlet structure states involves opening or closing the vacuum inlet to a particular size.2. The apparatus in claim 1 , further comprises an ion mobility spectrometer that is outside the vacuum inlet structure.3. The apparatus in claim 2 , wherein the timing diagram is generated by the ion mobility spectrometer.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the mechanism that controls a vacuum inlet structure includes driving component(s) that are used for maintaining the pressure and/or for pulsing to allow samples to enter the mass spectrometer.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the driving component(s) are selected from: magnetic actuator claim 4 , piezoelectric actuator claim 4 , mechanical actuator.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein dynamically controlling the size of the vacuum inlet is performed by deforming a conductive elastomer.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the conductive elastomer is deformed by compressing claim 6 , expanding claim 6 , rotating and/or ...

SAMPLE ANALYSIS SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

The invention generally relates to sample analysis systems and methods of use thereof. In certain aspects, the invention provides a system for analyzing a sample that includes an ion generator configured to generate ions from a sample. The system additionally includes an ion separator configured to separate at or above atmospheric pressure the ions received from the ion generator without use of laminar flowing gas, and a detector that receives and detects the separated ions. 121-. (canceled)22. A system for manipulating a sample , the system comprising:an ion generator configured to generate ions from a sample;an ion separator configured to separate at or above atmospheric pressure the ions received from the ion generator without use of laminar flowing gas; andan ion focusing element that focuses the separated ions from the ion separator at or above atmospheric pressure.23. The system according to claim 22 , further comprising a substrate positioned to the receive the focused separated ions at one or more discrete locations on the substrate.24. The system according to claim 22 , further comprising a detector that receives and detects the focused separated ions.25. The system according to claim 24 , wherein the ion generator comprises:an ionization source; andan ion injector configured to interface with the ionization source such that ions produced by the ionization source are received by the ion injector.26. The system according to claim 25 , wherein the ionization source is out-of-line with the detector.27. The system according to claim 25 , wherein the ion injector is maintained at or above atmospheric pressure.28. The system according to claim 25 , wherein the ion injector comprises a cavity and one or more wire meshes that receive the ions produced by the ionization source.29. The system according to claim 25 , wherein the ion injector receive the ions produced by the ionization source and transmits them as a focused beam to the ion separator.305. The system ...