УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА ВОДЫ

Изобретение относится к трем вариантам устройства для электролиза воды. Согласно одному из вариантов устройство содержит: корпус, содержащий боковую стенку; электролитическую ячейку с ионообменной мембраной в корпусе, выполненную с возможностью осуществления электролиза воды и выделения водорода и кислорода, причем электролитическая ячейка с ионообменной мембраной содержит первую сторону, вторую сторону, соответствующую первой стороне, ионообменную мембрану, катод, анод, трубку для вывода водорода и трубку для вывода кислорода, причем ионообменная мембрана расположена между катодом и анодом; и встроенный модуль резервуара для воды для размещения внутри корпуса и соединенный с электролитической ячейкой с ионообменной мембраной, при этом встроенный модуль резервуара для воды, содержащий резервуар для воды, выполнен с возможностью подачи воды в электролитическую ячейку с ионообменной мембраной; причем, когда электролитическая ячейка с ионообменной мембраной осуществляет электролиз воды, на ...

СПОСОБ КОНТРОЛЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДЕЙСТВУЮЩЕЙ СТАНЦИИ ПО ОБОГАЩЕНИЮ ПОЛЕЗНЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ ИЛИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ВОДЫ, СИСТЕМА, ПРЕДНАЗНАЧЕННАЯ ДЛЯ ЭТОГО, И ОБРАБАТЫВАЮЩАЯ СТАНЦИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ ТАКУЮ СИСТЕМУ

Изобретение относится к способу контроля химических параметров на действующей станции по обогащению полезных ископаемых или по подготовке воды, содержащему этапы, на которых: непрерывно отбирают пробы потока шлама из технологического потока в действующей станции по обогащению полезных ископаемых или по подготовке воды; заполняют отобранным шламом пробоотборную камеру, расположенную на территории станции; измеряют химический состав пульпы в отобранном шламе в пробоотборной камере; анализируют измеренные данные о химическом составе пульпы, причем проанализированные данные о химическом составе пульпы представляют собой один из следующих параметров: уровень рН, окислительно-восстановительный потенциал Eh, растворенный кислород, температура, проводимость, потребность в кислороде и степень окисления пульпы; предоставляют проанализированные данные о химическом составе пульпы в интерфейсный элемент оператора станции в режиме реального времени; опорожняют пробоотборную камеру и повторно заполняют ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ТОКСИЧНОСТИ ЖИДКИХ СРЕД

Группа изобретений относится к определению токсичности и может найти широкое применение в аналитической практике при определении токсичности разнообразных жидких сред без привлечения дорогостоящих и трудоемких методов анализа. Более конкретно, данная группа относится к водной токсикологии и установлению токсичности водных сред и образцов. Представлен набор для определения токсичности жидкой среды в отсутствие биообъекта в единицах тест-функции по меньшей мере одного биообъекта, включающий: совокупность перекрестно-чувствительных сенсоров для получения сигналов, пропорциональных физико-химическим параметрам указанной жидкой среды, причем по меньшей мере один сенсор из указанной совокупности имеет полимерную мембрану, содержащую в качестве активного компонента соединение, выбранное из группы, включающей бромид тетрадодециламмония (TDAB), хлоридтриоктилметиламмония (ТОМА), олеиновую кислоту, 1-гексадеканол, галловую кислоту, эфир фосфорной кислоты, димамид дипиколиновой кислоты (2,6-пиридинкарбоновой ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА СРЕДЫ

Изобретение относится к системе бытового мониторинга качества среды посредством совместной детекции различных параметров среды. Аппарат для локального измерения и контроля среды содержит множество локальных устройств для измерения и мониторинга бытовой среды, причем каждое устройство содержит множество датчиков для измерения локальных параметров среды, относящихся к значению показателя качества среды бытовой среды, подвергаемой мониторингу; средства получения для получения от удаленного источника данных, которые могут быть связаны с локальным показателем качества среды; средства контроля для контроля текущих условий бытовой среды, подвергаемой мониторингу, которые влияют на измеряемые локальные параметры среды; и первый программируемый электронный блок обработки, функционально соединенный с указанными датчиками, с указанными средствами получения и указанными средствами контроля для повторяемого во времени получения данных измерения локальных параметров, удаленных данных, связанных с показателем ...

ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЕ И КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛЕКТРОДЫ С АПТАМЕРНЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ И СПОСОБЫ ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ БИОМАРКЕРОВ

Группа изобретений относится к области молекулярной диагностики и может быть использована для диагностики заболеваний с помощью молекул биомаркеров. Устройство для обнаружения специфической молекулы-мишени или биомаркера путем определения изменения электрических свойств включает: измерительный датчик, включающий проводящую или полупроводящую структуру; систему электродов, передающих сигнал от устройства; и контрольный датчик, имеющий структуру, идентичную измерительному датчику, но защищенную, т.е. предотвращающую образование связи с биомаркером и действующую как встроенный эталон. Структура измерительного датчика включает аптамерное покрытие и способна образовывать связь с биомаркером, вызывая изменение электрических свойств. Группа изобретений относится также к способу анализа пробы на наличие молекулы-мишени или биомаркера посредством указанного устройства. Группа изобретений обеспечивает повышение достоверности анализов. 2 н. и 28 з.п. ф-лы, 17 ил., 3 пр.

Способ определения цист лямблий и ооцист криптоспоридий в клиническом материале, смывах с объектов окружающей среды, в почве

Изобретение относится к медицине и ветеринарии и представляет собой способ определения в одной постановке цист лямблий и ооцист криптоспоридий в биологическом материале - кале, в смывах объектов окружающей среды и в почве, заключающийся в подготовке пробы, внесении в пробу иммуномагнитных частиц, иммунохимическом связывании, в результате чего образуются агрегаты цист и ооцист с магнитными частицами, улавливании агрегатов цист и ооцист в магнитном поле, отмывке зафиксированных агрегатов цист и ооцист буферным раствором, диссоциации меркаптоэтанолом или соляной кислотой, разделении цист, ооцист и магнитных частиц в магнитном поле, переносе выделенных цист и ооцист на предметное стекло для последующего иммунофлуоресцентного мечения и последующей оценки микроскопированием с применением насадки «Опти-Люм» на микроскоп, где результат учитывают исходя из того, что цисты лямблий представляют собой сверкающие и флюоресцирующие яблочно-зеленым светом объекты, от округлых до овальных от 8 до 14 мкм ...

Способ определения комбинаторного индекса загрязнения поверхностных вод

Изобретение относится к экологии, в частности к биоиндикации загрязненности поверхностных вод. Способ определения комбинаторного индекса загрязнения поверхности вод осуществляется путем измерения сапробионтности пресноводных моллюсков. Способ включает разбивку прибрежной зоны загрязненного и контрольного водоемов на 10 площадок биоиндикации размером 2 м вдоль берега и 0,5 м поперек берега. Затем осуществляют сбор с каждой площадки загрязненного и контрольного водоемов слоя ила толщиной 1,5-2 см с помощью сачка. Производят идентификацию моллюсков на группы по атласу пресноводных моллюсков. Осуществляют отбор в тех же местах сбора пробы воды для химического контроля загрязненности поверхностных вод и статистическую обработку полученных результатов. Сапробионтность моллюсков измеряется показателем относительной жизненности всей экосистемы моллюсков, вычисляемым по формуле где Gм - жизненность всей сапробионты в загрязненной воде; Gмк - жизненность всей сапробионты в контрольной (незагрязненной ...

Способ определения суммарного содержания оловоорганических соединений в природных водах

Изобретение относится к аналитической химии. Способ определения суммарного содержания оловоорганических соединений в природных водах включает анализ двух проб анализируемой воды, при этом в одну из проб добавляют азотную кислоту, взятую в соотношении 9:1, с последующей СВЧ-минерализацией. Полученный минерализат упаривают до влажных солей, затем перерастворяют в деионизованной воде и добавляют L-цистеин в концентрации 0,75-1,00 г/дм3 в качестве маскирующего агента, и определяют суммарное содержание олова. Перед анализом второй пробы подготавливают сорбент Диапак С18, последовательно пропуская через него деионизованную воду и метанол. После промывки его деионизованной водой пропускают через сорбент отфильтрованный образец анализируемой воды. Разделение олова на неорганическое и органическое проводят на сорбенте Диапак С18 в диапазоне рН 9-12, после разделения добавляют азотную кислоту, взятую в соотношении 9:1 с последующей СВЧ-минерализацией анализируемой пробы. Полученный минерализат упаривают ...

Способ оценки фитотоксичности воды при помощи проростков озимой пшеницы

Изобретение применяется для оценки степени загрязнения и концентрации тяжелых металлов природных и сточных вод с помощью методов биотестирования, а именно озимой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum). Способ оценки фитотоксичности воды при помощи проростков озимой пшеницы включает отбор проб воды в объеме 1-2 л в чисто вымытые полиэтиленовые бутыли с завинчивающейся пробкой, после чего берут 20 чашек Петри, укладывают в них слой гигроскопической ваты, сверху пинцетом на вату раскладывают семена тест-объекта озимой пшеницы разновидности lutescens зародышем вверх и накрывают двумя слоями фильтровальной бумаги, далее чашки Петри с зародышами заливают 20 мл отобранной воды и накрывают светоотражающей плёнкой для выращивания семян и поддерживают +25-26°С для прорастания зародышей озимой пшеницы, после прорастания в зародыши озимой пшеницы помещают в мини-кассеты объемом 150 г, заполненные 140 г промытого и покалённого песка. Каждую мини-кассету поливают 10 мл отобранными пробами воды 3 раза в течение ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПАЛЛАДИЯ (II)

Изобретение относится к области аналитической химии элементов, а именно к методам определения концентрации палладия, и может быть использовано при его определении в технологических растворах и техногенных водах. Способ включает приготовление сорбента и раствора палладия (II), извлечение палладия (II) из раствора сорбентом, переведение его в комплексное соединение на поверхности сорбента, отделение сорбента от раствора, измерение интенсивности окраски поверхностного комплекса палладия (II) и определение содержания палладия (II) по градуировочному графику. В качестве сорбента используют кремнезем, последовательно модифицированный полигексаметиленгуанидином и 2-нитрозо-1-нафтол-4-сульфокислотой (нитрозо-Н-соль), а измерение коэффициента диффузного отражения осуществляют при 550 нм. Использование способа позволяет с высокой точностью обнаружить содержание палладия (II) в растворах. 3 пр.

Стационарное устройство автоматического контроля выпуска сточных вод промышленного предприятия

Изобретение относится к средствам автоматического контроля качества воды и может быть использовано для контроля качества сточных вод промышленных предприятий. Сущность: устройство содержит трубопровод (1), систему (2) патрубков, насос (3) подачи воды, проточную аналитическую ячейку (4), измерительные приборы (5), контроллер (6) сбора и передачи данных, 1-й GSN-передатчик (7) с антенной, источник (8) питания, изотермический контейнер (9), 1-й блок (10) сравнения, 1-й задатчик (11), регистр (12) задержки, блок (13) вычитания сигналов, 2-й блок (14) сравнения, 2-й задатчик (15), элемент (16) "или", блок (17) локальных очистных сооружений, накопительная емкость (18) очищенной воды, 2-й GSN-передатчик (19) с антенной, контроллер (20) автоматического управления, привод (21) перекидного клапана, насос (22), перекидной клапан (23). Технический результат: обеспечение возможности регулирования выпуска загрязненных сточных вод. 1 ил.

Укладка-комплект для контроля качества воды очищенной и воды для инъекций в полевых условиях

Изобретение относится к области медицины, а именно к фармации и фармацевтическому анализу, и предназначено для контроля качества воды очищенной и воды для инъекций в полевых условиях. Укладка-комплект включает набор аналитических реактивов, таких как азотная кислота разведенная 16%, серебра нитрата раствор 2%, бария хлорида раствор 6,1%, хлористоводородная кислота разведенная 7,3%, аммония хлорида аммиачный буферный раствор рН=10,0, индикаторная смесь эриохром черный Т, натрия эдетат (Трилон Б) 0,05 М, калия перманганат 0,1 М, серная кислота разведенная 16%, кальция гидроксида раствор. Укладка-комплект для контроля качества воды очищенной и воды для инъекций в полевых условиях представляет собой совокупность имущества, регламентированного по номенклатуре и количеству, которое обеспечивает выполнение технологических операций по контролю качества воды очищенной и воды для инъекций. 8 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 2 табл.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ БИОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ КИСЛОРОДА ИЗ ВОЗДУХА ЗАГРЯЗНЕННОЙ ВОДНОЙ СРЕДОЙ

Изобретение относится к биотехнологии и охране окружающей среды в области контроля загрязненности воды органическими веществами. Устройство содержит сосуд с испытуемой жидкостью, выполненный в виде U-образного манометра, термостат и устройство перемешивания. При этом одна ветвь манометра выполнена в виде емкости с кранами на входе и выходе для размещения загрязненной водной среды и воздуха, а на поверхности водной среды размещен в емкости в стаканчике поглотитель углекислого газа. Вторая ветвь манометра выполнена в виде измерительной цилиндрической трубки, оканчивающейся грушей с обратным клапаном, и снабжена шкалой измерения. Достигается упрощение конструкции и расширение функций устройства с возможностью вести измерения в режиме сообщения с атмосферой и в изоляции от нее. 1 ил.

ЭКСПРЕСС-СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ИНГИБИТОРОВ БУТИРИЛХОЛИНЭСТЕРАЗЫ В ВОДЕ И ВОДНЫХ ЭКСТРАКТАХ

Изобретение относится к области контроля загрязнений окружающей среды и представляет собой способ определения соединений антихолинэстеразного действия в воде и водных экстрактах, включающий измерение скорости ферментативного гидролиза бутирилтиохолина, согласно изобретению при приготовлении проб используют ферментный препарат, на основе совместно иммобилизованных бутирилхолинэстеразы и индикатора на тиоловую группу 5,5'-дитио-бис(2-нитробензойную кислоту), в качестве растворителя – дистиллированную воду, выдерживают обе пробы в течение 30-300 секунд в присутствии 18-20 единиц активности α-амилазы, запускают реакцию раствором S-бутирилтиохолина-I (S-BuCh-I), причем соотношение объемов раствора S-BuCh-I в концентрации 2 мМ и контрольного или анализируемого раствора составляет 1:10, измеряют скорость ферментативного гидролиза субстрата, при этом критерием наличия ингибиторов бутирилхолинэстеразы в анализируемой пробе является снижение на 20% и более величины скорости ферментативного гидролиза ...

СПОСОБ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СУММЫ ФЛАВОНОИДОВ В ЛИСТЬЯХ ТОПОЛЯ ЧЕРНОГО

Изобретение относится к химико-фармацевтической промышленности, а именно к способу количественного определения флавоноидов в листьях тополя черного. Способ количественного определения флавоноидов в листьях тополя черного, заключающийся в предварительном получении водно-спиртового извлечения из растительного сырья путем экстракции 1 г точной навески измельченного до размера частиц 1 мм растительного сырья 70%-ным этиловым спиртом, в пересчете на вещество флавоноидной природы, методом дифференциальной спектрофотометрии в отношении «сырье-экстрагент» - 1:30, при этом определение флавоноидов проводят при длине волны 414 нм в пересчете на рутин и абсолютно сухое сырье рассчитывают по формулегде х - содержание суммы флавоноидов в пересчете на рутин, %; D - оптическая плотность испытуемого раствора; D- оптическая плотность раствора Государственного стандартного образца рутина; m - масса сырья, г; m- масса Государственного стандартного образца рутина, г; W - потеря в массе при высушивании, %; в ...

Способ оценки радикальности выключения из кровотока церебральных артериовенозных мальформаций

Изобретение относится к области медицины, а именно нейрохирургии, и касается оценки радикальности выключения из кровотока центральных артериовенозных мальформаций (АВМ). Для этого в сыворотке крови пациента до и через сутки после операции определяют уровень сосудистого эндотелиального фактора роста (VEGF). При снижении уровня VEGF через сутки после операции до значений, полученных у здоровых людей, выключение АВМ из кровотока оценивают как радикальное, а при отсутствии снижения - как нерадикальное. Способ обеспечивает повышение чувствительности и достоверности оценки радикальности выключения из кровотока АВМ. 2 пр.

Штамм Rhodococcus fascians ВКМ Ac-2996 биорецепторный элемент биосенсора для определения биохимического потребления кислорода

Изобретение относится к области биотехнологии, в частности к штамму Rhodococcus fascians ВКМ Ac-2996. Указанный штамм предназначен для получения биорецепторного элемента биосенсора для определения биохимического потребления кислорода. Изобретение обеспечивает применение штамма Rhodococcus fascians для анализа загрязненности воды, повышение операционной стабильности биосенсора и расширение диапазона определяемых концентраций. 1 ил., 1 табл.

Термофильный штамм водоросли Chlorella vulgaris Beijer для оперативного биотестирования токсичности водных сред

Изобретение относится к биотехнологии. Штамм зеленой водоросли Chlorella vulgaris Beijer (токситест-90) обладает повышенной скоростью роста и способностью расти при повышенной температуре 35-37°С, депонирован в коллекции микроводорослей Института физиологии растений им. К.А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук (IPPAS) под номером IPPAS С-2058. Изобретение обеспечивает расширение арсенала средств для биотестирования токсичности водных сред. 1 табл., 1 пр.

РАСХОДОМЕР С РЕАЛИЗУЮЩИМ ТОМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ПРИНЦИП ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫМ ПРИСПОСОБЛЕНИЕМ

... 1. Расходомер для определения расхода протекающей через измерительную трубку многофазной среды, имеющий реализующее томографический принцип измерения измерительное приспособление,отличающийся тем, чтопредусмотрено по меньшей мере одно другое измерительное приспособление, и по меньшей мере одно из измерительных приспособлений реализует основывающийся на ядерно-спиновом резонансе принцип измерения.2. Расходомер по п. 1, причем томографический принцип измерения реализован за счет магнитно-резонансной томографии, отличающийся тем, что измерительное приспособление реализует принцип измерения электрической емкостной томографии.3. Расходомер по п. 1, причем томографический принцип измерения реализован за счет электрической емкостной томографии, отличающийся тем, что измерительное приспособление реализует принцип измерения измерения контраста предварительной намагниченности.4. Расходомер по п. 1, причем томографический принцип измерения реализован за счет магнитно-резонансной томографии, отличающийся ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ КОНТРОЛЯ ТЕКУЧИХ СРЕД

... 1. Устройство контроля текучей среды для контроля текучей среды в магистрали или сети доставки текучей среды, состоящее из средства для подсоединения устройства к магистрали или сети, испытательной камеры, прибора для контроля текучей среды, измеряющего параметры текучей среды в испытательной камере и выпускного клапана, удаляющего текучую среду из испытательной камеры, причем, так как объем текучей среды существенно больше, чем объем испытательной камеры, текучая среда в испытательной камере замещается новым объемом текучей среды. 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что устройство выполнено с возможностью подключения к гидранту, соединенному с магистралью или сетью. 3. Устройство по п.1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что устройство содержит датчик давления для измерения давления текучей среды. 4. Устройство по п.3, отличающееся тем, что оно содержит регулятор выпуска, контролирующий выпускной клапан и определяющий удаляемый объем текучей среды. 5. Устройство по п.4, отличающееся тем, что ...

Система экологического мониторинга поверхностных вод с автоматическим определением липофильных и гидрофильных фикотоксинов в мышечной ткани биологических тест-объектов

Изобретение относится к области экологии и охране окружающей среды, включая индикацию загрязнения природных вод фикотоксинами и может быть использована для комплексного экологического мониторинга поверхностных водных объектов. Система содержит герметичный корпус, проточный отсек, ячейки, задвижки с приемным устройством и аккумулятором, модуль гомогенизации, блок пробоподготовки, емкость с метанолом, емкость с раствором уксусной кислоты, емкость с ацетонитрилом, контейнер для отходов, форсунку, встряхиватель, центрифугу, блок ультразвуковой обработки, мембранный фильтр, виалу, хромато-масс-спектрометр, электронный блок управления, блок температурной обработки, блок твердофазной экстракции, передающее устройство, аккумулятор, трубопровод, компрессор, клапаны с приемным устройством и аккумулятором, приемно-передающее устройство, портативные аккумуляторы и биологические тест-объекты. Определение липофильных и гидрофильных фикотоксинов в мышечной ткани биологических тест-объектов осуществляется ...

СПОСОБ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ПРИРОДНЫХ И АНТРОПОГЕННЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ АЛМАЗОДОБЫВАЮЩИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

Изобретение относится к области охраны окружающей среды и может быть использовано для оценки экологического состояния природной и антропогенной экосистем. Способ комплексной оценки природных и антропогенных экосистем алмазодобывающих предприятий включает сбор информационных потоков, получаемых от различных источников проведения мониторинга окружающей среды мобильными и стационарными пунктами контроля, дистанционными методами зондирования Земли, съемками с беспилотных летательных аппаратов, лазерного сканирования, и передачу их в единый информационный Центр оценки и прогнозирования состояния природной и антропогенной экосистем (ЦОиППиАЭ) в режиме on-line на основе непрерывного и периодического обновления с применением современных программ статистической обработки и современных ГИС-технологий с последующей визуализацией в виде различных картографо-графических документов и формированием комплексной системы репрезентативных и специфических показателей для исследований и мониторингов, которые ...

Способ контроля и регулировки водно-химического режима парового котла

Использование: для контроля и регулировки водно-химического режима (ВХР) паровых котлов низкого и среднего давления путем анализа соотношения значения рН и значения удельной электрической проводимости (УЭП) котловой воды с учетом гидролиза карбонатов в котловой воде. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что способ включает в себя замер в котловой воде УЭП, величины рН и температуры, при этом значения оптимальной УЭП котловой воды, при которой обеспечивается требуемое качество пара, определяют на этапе пусконаладочных работ, затем в установившемся режиме работы парового котла проводят измерение рН и УЭП котловой воды, далее производят расчет значения рН котловой воды при установленной УЭП на основании значений щелочности котловой воды по метилоранжу и фенолфталеину, при этом расчет значения рН котловой воды производят в соответствии с разработанным алгоритмом расчета значения рН раствора карбоната натрия при различных значениях щелочности по фенолфталеину и метилоранжу, при этом измеренное ...

Метод оценки негативного воздействия на состояние морской среды с применением системы стационарных биостанций в рамках производственного экологического мониторинга

Изобретение относится к области экологии и охране окружающей среды применительно к оценке экологической ситуации в морской среде путем исследования ее состояния. Представлен метод оценки негативного воздействия на состояние морской среды с применением системы стационарных биостанций в рамках производственного экологического мониторинга, состоящий из искусственных биотопов или искусственных рифов. При этом для оценки негативного воздействия на состояние морской среды в рамках производственного экологического мониторинга того или иного района моря создается система стационарных биостанций производственного экологического мониторинга, при этом в исследуемую зону выставляется сеть искусственных рифов/биотопов, имеющих в своей структуре донную и пелагическую части для направленного формирования локальных концентраций морских организмов, которые формируются на субстратах искусственных рифов/биотопов. Также качественный и количественный состав сообществ, являющихся тест-объектами, аккумулирует ...

СПОСОБ ОЦЕНКИ ПРИГОДНОСТИ МОРСКОЙ ВОДЫ ДЛЯ ВЫРАЩИВАНИЯ ПРОМЫСЛОВЫХ ДВУСТВОРЧАТЫХ МОЛЛЮСКОВ

Изобретение относится к области биологии, аквакультуре и представляет собой способ оценки пригодности морской воды для выращивания промысловых двустворчатых моллюсков, заключающийся в том, что в качестве тест-объекта оценки качества воды используют оплодотворенные яйцеклетки двустворчатых моллюсков Mytilus galloprovincialis, развитие которых осуществляют в тестируемой воде и в контроле, после чего сравнивают воздействие тестируемой среды и контроля на развитие эмбрионов, отличающийся тем, что через 12 мин после оплодотворения яйцеклетки промывают профильтрованной морской водой, разделяют на равные части и выдерживают 2 часа 36 мин в тестируемой среде и в контроле при оптимальной плотности посадки оплодотворенных яйцеклеток 50 тыс. кл./л, температуре морской воды 14,7°С, а критериями воздействия считают уровень эмбрионального развития личинок, наличие или отсутствие хромосомных аномалий в эмбриональных клетках мидии, а также значение содержания минеральных и органических фосфатов в тестируемой ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА ВОДЫ

Способ группового концентрирования из кислых растворов и разделения ионов элементов ионной жидкостью

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kennzeichnung der organischen, stickstoffenthaltenden und suspendierten Materialien in einer Flüssigkeit

Monitoring stem for chemical content of liquids and gases - contg. linkable measurement modules for fully automated in-situ analysis for detection of harmful contents

A monitoring system for the chemical content of liquids and gases contains modules which can be linked together in a chain for the analysis of harmful materials in flowing water. The quantitative analysis measurement modules can be linked together using the master slave principle. Each module can contain one or more linking elements. USE/ADVANTAGE - Monitoring harmful chemical components in flowing water fully automatically and in-situ. Immediate indication of dangerous water content without delays caused by manual processes. Modular construction allows efficient prodn. and easy adaptation to different measurement situations.

Combustion furnace for pyrolytic analysis - having series of baffles with holes offset to each other

Combustion furnace for pyrolytic analysis of liquids contg a high proportion of salts consists of a tubular furnace and a combustion chamber with branches fro carrier gas, sample injection and outlet for the combustion prods. The combustion chamber is divided up by perforated baffles, the holes of which are offset w.r.t. each other. This causes changes in flow direction as the gas flows from one zone to the next. >=1 of the zones is filled either partly or completely with refractory granules. In the direction of flow, pref. the first and the middle zones should be so filled. For use with the analysis of effluent liq. streams, esp those contg. high concns. of salts. A furnace of this type using quartz tubes is known. However, it is difficulty to construct and thus relatively expensive. The operating life is limited because of a tendency for the quartz to glaze. The furnace described is simple but has a longer operating life. It is thus more economical on both counts.

Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Sensors zur Trübungsmessung

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Sensors zur Messung der Trübung und/oder des Feststoffgehalts eines Mediums, umfassend zumindest eine Sendeeinheit und zumindest zwei Empfangseinheiten, mit den Verfahrensschritten Bestimmen zumindest zweier Messsignale (1), welches von der Intensität von in dem Medium gestreutem Licht abhängt, wobei das Licht von der Sendeeinheit gesendet und von der Empfangseinheit empfangen wird, Zusammenfassen der Messsignale zu einem Merkmalsvektor (2), automatisches Auswählen eines Kalibrierungsmodells (5a, 5b, 5..) anhand des Merkmalsvektors (2), wobei der Merkmalsvektor (2) an einen vorab trainierten Klassifikator (3) übergeben wird und der Klassifikator (3) dem Merkmalsvektor (2) das Kalibrierungsmodell (5a, 5b, 5..) zuordnet, und Kalibrierung (6) des Sensors mit dem automatisch ausgewählten Kalibrierungsmodell (5a, 5b, 5..).

Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Feststoffgehaltes von Suspensionen

Papier zum Verhindern von Unkraut für die Verwendung bei der Pflanzenzucht

VERFAHREN ZUR MESSUNG DER WASSERQUALITÄT, VORRICHTUNG ZUR MESSUNG DER WASSERQUALITÄT UND PROGRAMM ZUR MESSUNG DER WASSERQUALITÄT FÜR MEERESOBERFLÄCHENSCHICHTEN

Um eine Messung des Salzgehalts und der Wassertemperatur in einer Meeresoberflächenschicht unter Verwendung von Daten, die durch ein Marineradar erhalten werden, zu ermöglichen, wird eine Abweichung S' zwischen der Wirkung einer Meereswelle auf die Empfangsleistung RSI0' in einer Referenzzeitzone und der Wirkung der Meereswelle auf die Empfangsleistung RSIm' in einer Messzeitzone bestimmt, eine Abweichung s' zwischen der Wirkung der Meereswelle auf die Empfangsleistung RSI0' in der Referenzzeitzone und der Wirkung der Meereswelle auf die Empfangsleistung in einer in Bezug auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit variablen Zeitzone bestimmt, eine Regressionsfunktion f() einer Beziehung zwischen der Empfangsleistung, die durch Subtrahieren der Abweichung s' von der Empfangsleistung in der in Bezug auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit variablen Zeitzone erhalten wird, und der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit in der in Bezug auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit variablen Zeitzone bestimmt und der Wert der elektrischen ...

Messsystem zum Erfassen einer Konzentration einer Zielerfassungssubstanz in einem Medium

Messsystem zum Erfassen einer Konzentration einer Zielerfassungssubstanz in einem Medium (200), mit:- einem optischen Aktuator (100), der einen optischen Reiz in einer Zielerfassungssubstanz setzt, die sich in einem Medium (200) befindet;- einem Fotodetektor (300), der in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration der Zielerfassungssubstanz im Medium (200) eine optische Antwort ausgibt, wobei ein elektrisches Signal mit einer Snap-Back-Form im Ansprechen auf die optische Antwort erzeugt wird, wenn sich ein Ansteuerstrom für den Fotodetektor (300) ändert;- einem Verstärker (400), der das vom Fotodetektor (300) ausgehende elektrische Signal verstärkt und dieses verstärkte Signal als positive Rückkopplung an den optischen Aktuator (100) gibt; und- einer Erfassungseinheit (500), die das vom Fotodetektor (300) als Ergebnis des Ansprechens auf die Konzentration der Zielerfassungssubstanz im Medium (200) erzeugte elektrische Signal erfasst, wobei das elektrische Signal infolge der positiven Rückkopplung ...

Integriertes Wassertestsystem und Verfahren für einen Nachweis von ultrageringem Gesamtchlor

Es werden ein System und Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Konzentration von Gesamtchlor in Dialysewasser bereitgestellt. Das System umfasst ein Haupteinheitsgehäuse, eine Jodid/Wasserprobekammer und eine Reduktionsmittelkammer. Ein Elektrodenpaar überbrückt die zwei Kammern und erzeugt Tri-Jodid proportional zur Menge an Gesamtchlor im Dialysewasser. Das Elektrodenpaar weist die Menge an erzeugtem Tri-Jodid anteilig zur Menge an aktivem Chlorid im Dialysewasser nach. Das System ist zur Verwendung in Verbindung mit oder zur Eingliederung in ein Wasserreinigungssystem zum Erzeugen von Dialysefluid geeignet und kann eine Anzeige enthalten, die den Anwender darauf hinweist, eine Hämodialysebehandlung zu stoppen oder zu verhindern, wenn der Gesamtchlorpegel einen vorbestimmten Pegel überschreitet.

Kalibriersystem

Kalibriersystem mit einer Kalibriervorrichtung (12), die zumindest eine Kalibrierflüssigkeitsaufnahme (46; 46‘), eine elektrische und fluidische Schnittstelle (20, 22a, 22b, 24) zum lösbaren Anschließen wenigstens eines zu kalibrierenden Sensormoduls (14), welches eine baulich von der Kalibriervorrichtung (12) separate Einheit ist und welches einen oder mehrere Sensoren (34) enthält, und eine Steuerung (28) aufweist, welche die Strömung von Kalibrierflüssigkeit (64, 66) durch das an die Kalibriervorrichtung (12) angeschlossene Sensormodul (14) steuert und welche über die elektrische Schnittstelle (24) elektrisch mit dem angeschlossenen Sensormodul (14) gekoppelt ist und Messdaten vom Sensormodul (14) erfassen kann, wobei im Kalibriersystem (10), insbesondere in der Steuerung (28), verschiedene Kalibrierdaten für Sensormodule (14) mit verschiedenen Arten von Sensoren (34) hinterlegt sind, sodass die Kalibriervorrichtung (12) verschiedene Sensormodule (14), die an der Schnittstelle (20, 22a ...

Water purification device for softening, decarbonization or demineralization of water, comprises housing, water inlet and outlet lines connectable with external water pipeline, a sensor element, and replaceable/rechargeable energy storage

The water purification device for softening, decarbonization or demineralization of water, comprises a water leak-proof housing, water- inlet and outlet lines connectable with an external water pipeline, a blending device for blending the water not prepared or water processed in other manner in a blend ratio, an adjustment device having adjustment elements (7, 22, 23), which adjust the blend ratio of the quantity of processed water to quantity of not processed water or quantity of water processed in other manner, and turn- and/or thrust valve. The water purification device for softening, decarbonization or demineralization of water, comprises a water leak-proof housing, water inlet and outlet lines connectable with an external water pipeline, a blending device for blending the water not processed or water processed in other manner in a blend ratio, an adjustment device having adjustment elements (7, 22, 23), which adjusts the blend ratio of the quantity of processed water to quantity of ...

Method for combined continuous analytic multi-measurement of process relevant parameters for e.g. oxygen in water of vapor- and hot water systems in boiler, involves producing calibration medium that is available in process application

The method involves utilizing pressurized process- or industrial water e.g. boiler feed water (1b), boiler content water (1a), boiler replenishing water, condensate water (1c), raw water and soft- or deionized water, or air as a calibration medium and a measuring medium. A pH- and oxygen electrodes and a conductivity measuring electrode are temporarily surrounded by the water and air. The calibration medium is not manually separated for a calibration process of the electrodes, and is produced, where the calibration medium is available in a process application of vapor- and hot water systems.

Automatische Kabelwinde (Profiler)

Automatische Kabelwinde (Profiler) dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sondenkabel über ein aufwändiges System aus Andruckrollen und einer eigens konstruierten Changier-Spule sehr exakt und platzsparend auf der Kabeltrommel geführt wird, so dass Kabellängen von 100 m und mehr ermöglicht werden und Fehlwicklungen ausgeschlossen sind.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESTIMMUNG DES KOLLOIDANTEILES BZW. - INDEXES IN FLUESSIGKEITEN

Meßmodul zur Wasseranalytik im Wasser-Dampfkreislauf

Grundwassertestvorrichtung

Total chlorine water detection system and method for medical fluid treatments

A renal therapy system is described. The system comprises: a water treatment machine 50 producing an at least partially purified water sample; a dialysis machine 100 for providing dialysis therapy to a patient, the dialysis machine receiving the water sample from the water treatment machine; and a chlorine detection component 10 configured to determine an amount of total chlorine in the water sample by (i) generating tri-iodide from the water sample by application of a voltage thereto, and (ii) monitoring a current associated with the amount of tri­-iodide. First and second chambers 24, 26 may be in contact with an iodide reservoir 12 and a reducing agent reservoir 14 respectively. A first electrode pair 42a, 42b may be in electrical contact with both the first and second chamber, and a second electrode pair 32a, 32b may be in contact with the first chamber only.

LIQUID SAMPLER

... 1428462 Sampling liquid INSTRUMENTATION SPECIALTIES CO 13 March 1973 [4 April 1972] 3659/75 Divided out of 1428461 Heading B8N The disclosure is identical with that of the parent Specification 1,428,461 but the claims are directed to a sample collector comprising a substantially cylindrical casing of a sufficiently small size to fit through a manhole, a harness 28, Fig. 1, attached to the casing to lower the casing through a manhole, a bottle holding compartment 42, Fig. 2, near the bottom of the casing, and a fluid pumping and distributing system in the upper part of the casing to deposit samples into bottles 44, 46 in the compartment 42 in use.

CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF PROCESS INSTRUMENTS

Device for monitoring wastewater treatment

Liquid sampling

Apparatus for sampling a liquid comprises :

Downhole water analysis

Downhole water chemistry is obtained in situ by addition of a colorimetric reagent to a water sample followed by determining the resulting colour of the sample in a colorimetric analyser. Apparatus for the downhole measurement comprises means to supply the reagent, e.g. an injector for injecting the reagent into a water flow line, and a colorimetric analyser e.g. a spectrometer. Typically the pH or the ion content of the water sample is measured.

MONITORING OF FLUIDS

IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO THE MONITORING OF FLUIDS

Liquid sampler

A sampler for liquids, such for example as wastewater, which is required to receive and hold a sample and discharge the sample after a given holding time, in which the sample is received and held in a sample container 11 which is tipped after the given time to discharge the sample and returned to a receiving position for a further sample.

A monitoring device

A monitoring device (1) for monitoring a parameter of water in a water treatment plant comprises a sealed housing (3) of tubular construction, in which the electronic components of the device (1) are housed. A sensor (6) sealably extending from the housing (3) extends through a plug (7) secured in the housing (3). Signals from the sensor (6) are delivered to an analog to digital converter (20) which in turn delivers the signals to a micro-processor (21). The micro-processor (21) delivers the signals in response to a command from a central control apparatus to an infra-red transmitter (22) for transmission to the apparatus. An infra-red receiver (23) receives a signal from the central control apparatus to activate the device (1). A battery (24) powers the device (1). A clear perspex lens (18) sealably closes the other end of the housing (3). ...

Water purifier with means for determining filtering efficiency

A water purifier 20 comprises replaceable filters 27, 29, 31 through which water is fed from a pipe 25 into a storage tank 35. A first sensor (101) senses the purity of the water to be filtered, and a second sensor (102) senses the purity of the water after passage through the filters. The output signals from the sensors are compared electronically to produce a signal corresponding to the purifying efficiency of the filtering means. This is displayed by the display (170). One of the filters may be a reverse osmotic filter.

Device and system for gas leakage detection and alarm

The present invention relates to a gas-detecting unit for detection of C02 and an alarming unit, said gas-detecting unit and said alarming unit being integrated to comprise one device, and wherein said device is adapted to withstand harsh environments and cleaning of the device.

Test Strip Dispenser And Thermometer Holder

Method for determining an oxidant in an aqueous solution

Analytical sampling device

Measuring algal growth

OPTICAL SENSOR

Optical sensor for sensing a liquid 5, comprising a sensor head 10 comprising one or more optical cavities, including a first optical cavity 12 arranged such that a liquid to be sensed may contact a boundary of the first optical cavity. The sensor further comprises an optical source 22 which delivers probe light to the one or more optical cavities; a detector 24 which receives the probe light from the one or more optical cavities and detects interference in the probe light caused by the first optical cavity; and an analyser 26 which generates an indication of a sensed liquid based on a strength of the detected interference caused by the first optical cavity. The one or more optical cavities may include one or more further optical cavities and the detector may detect separate interference in the probe light caused by each of the further optical cavities. One of the further optical cavities may be a pressure sensing cavity where the analyser may generate an indication of pressure from the ...

Composition, system and method for preventing formation of frozen water or for causing the same to melt

Particle Detection through chronoamperometric profiling

Integrated water testing system and method for ultra-low total chlorine detection

Improvements in or relating to the preparation or maintenance of an electrolyte having a desired characteristic or characteristics and to apparatus for determining the composition or changes in composition of an electrolyte

... 548,174. Automatic control systems. WALLACE & TIERNAN PRODUCTS, Inc. April 24, 1940, No. 7419. Convention date, Aug. 18, 1939. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XXXVI] In the preparation or maintenance of an electrolyte having a desired characteristic, changes in the composition of the electrolyte are determined by contacting the electrolyte with a polarized electrode whilst cleaning the surface of the electrode, detecting the depolarization of the electrode thus produced and utilizing the determined depolarization to effect control of the amount of a reagent or reagents to be added to the electrolyte : Fig. 6 shows an arrangement for the determination of residual chlorine in water undergoing treatment. A cell 10 has two electrodes 14,15 and an inlet and outlet through which electrolyte to be treated is passed. The preferred cell is described in Specification 548,173, [Group XXXVI]. A cell 54, for supplying polarizing current to the cell 10, is connected through a variable resistance 53 across ...

A monitoring device

A monitoring device comprises monitoring unit 2 having electroanalytical component (3, Fig. 1) and electrical contact 11, and sensor unit 4 (advantageously disposable) having sensor arrangement (5, Fig. 1) and electrical contact (12, Fig. 3). The monitoring unit 2 and sensor unit 4 are held together releasably, and in electrical communication, by a cooperating attachment arrangement, perhaps base plate (8, Fig 2c) and clip mechanism (9, 10, Fig. 2c). The monitoring unit may have casing 6, maybe sealed, comprising recess 7 with walls 20 and 21 having no sharp internal angles; advantageously, this facilitates easy cleaning. Battery charging unit (17, Fig. 5) may instead be inserted into the recess to charge an internal battery via contact 16. The sensor unit may have flow cell(s) (26, Fig. 1) and fluid input and output (22, 23, Fig. 1). The sensor arrangement may comprise electrochemical or optical sensors, and a recognition substrate (enzyme, antibody etc) which binds to the analyte.

Drain tracing tablets

Fluid sampling

Water monitoring device

Improvements relating to the testing of water for free and combined chlorine

The free and combined chlorine content of water is determined by adding a small amount of a di-alkyl p-phenylene diamine or a salt thereof, as indicator and a sequestering agent which may be sodium hexametaphosphate or ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid. The presence of chlorine is indicated by a red coloration, and may be estimated colorimetrically or by titrating with a reducing agent, e.g. ferrous ammonium sulphate solution. Preferably the pH value is maintained between 5.8 and 7.5, and a buffer, e.g. sodium di-hydrogen phosphate, is present. The oxalates, sulphates and hydrochlorides of di-ethyl and di-methyl p-phenylene diamine are specified. Combined chlorine in the form of dichloramine and nitrogen chloride may be individually estimated. The indicator composition may be made up in the form of tablets.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANALYSIS OF WATER

Active radio frequency monitoring method for pollutants in water

Liquid measurement device

A solar water body oxygenation detection device

Electrochemical sensor

A sensor 1 for determining presence or quantity of analyte (eg free chlorine) in a sample comprises an elongate substrate with first end 11 and second end 13, first, second and third conductive tracks deposited on the substrate forming a reference electrode 4, counter electrode 5 and working electrode 6. A second working electrode 7 may be included. Each electrode terminates in a contact 10. A non-conductive layer is deposited on the conductive tracks to expose each contact 10 and expose regions of the tracks near the second end 13. A reagent of salt ABTS or salt SBT is deposited on or near discrete working regions of the third conductive track working electrode. Doses of potassium chloride 15 acting as a supporting electrolyte may be included between the reference and counter electrodes.

Apparatus for the automatic removal of samples from a continuous flow

Apparatus for the automatic removal of samples from a continuous flow

Apparatus for the automatic removal of samples from a continuous flow

Desalination system and elements thereof

Desalination system and elements thereof.

Desalination system and elements thereof.

Apparatus for the automatic removal of samples from a continuous flow

Desalination system and elements thereof.

CATALYST TO THE TC AND TNB MEASUREMENT WITH WATER TESTS AS WELL AS ITS USE

PROCEDURE AND MECHANISM FOR DETERMINING THE PURITY OF A BOILER FEEDING WATER

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM ZIEHEN VON PROBEN IN ABWASSERREINIGUNGSANLAGEN

FOR INDIKATORSTREIFEN AND TURN OUT FOR AUTOMATIC TESTING OF FLUSSIGKEITEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE VARIABILITY OF A WASTE WATER COMPOSITION

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE LIQUID MONITORING

DEVICE FOR PERCEPTION AT LEAST ONE PARAMETER IN A LIQUID

VORRICHTUNG ZUR ÜBERWACHNUNG MIKROBIOLOGISCHER WASSERQUALITÄT

WATER AND WASTE WATER ANALYSIS DEVICE

VERFAHREN UND EINRICHTUNG ZUM BESTIMMEN DER REINHEIT EINES KESSELSPEISEWASSERS

SYSTEM FOR THE MONITORING OF THE SALZGEHALTES IN A WELL

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING THE WATER QUALITY

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PULLING SAMPLES IN WASTE WATER TREATMENT UNITS

PROCEDURE AND MECHANISM FOR DETERMINING THE PURITY OF A BOILER FEEDING WATER

SAMPLE COLLECTING TANK FOR THE DRAWING OF WATER TESTS FROM WATERS, WELLS, BOREHOLES AND SUCH A THING

TECHNOLOGY FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF HIGHLY PURE WATER

Method for operating an analytical apparatus

A method for operating an analytical apparatus for determining concentration of an analyte, especially an oxidizable substance, in a sample liquid, comprises the steps of: placing the analytical apparatus in maintenance operation; operating a metering system, which includes a pump, especially a peristaltic pump, and a supply line, for metering single volume units of a sample liquid from a source via the supply line into a reactor, wherein there exists in the reactor a temperature, which is greater than the boiling temperature of the sample liquid, so that a volume unit of the sample liquid metered into the reactor transforms at least partially into the gas phase following entry into the reactor, especially due to heat transfer from contact with a surface within the reactor, especially directly after contact with the surface within the reactor, and wherein a carrier gas is flowing through the reactor; registering at least one measuring transducer signal for detection of the transforming of the volume unit of the sample liquid into the gas phase, and deriving, with application of the measuring transducer signal, a signal correlated with an instantaneous operating state of the metering system.

Apparatus for on-line continuous chlorine analysis in turbid water and process streams

The invention is directed towards methods and apparatus for accurately detecting the presence and concentration of an oxidant in a turbid water sample. This method is very helpful in allowing accurate and efficient (not too much nor too little) amounts of microbe killing oxidants to be introduced to water supplies that require oxidants but which at present cannot be measured properly. The method comprises the steps of: passing the water through at least one filter array, passing the filtered water to an analyzer, and then returning from the analyzer a measurement of the concentration. The filter array comprises at least one filter constructed and. arranged to remove turbidity inducing material but not oxidant from the water sample. The analyzer can be a commonly commercially available analyzer that currently cannot accurately measure the oxidant concentration if the water had not been so filtered. This method allows users to apply easily available oxidant measuring technology to applications such as paper mill water where it is needed but was previously was not applicable.

Water cooler towers and other man-made aquatic systems as environmental collection systems for agents of concern

An apparatus and process of using existing process water sources such as cooling towers, fountains, and waterfalls is provided in which the water sources are utilized as monitoring system for the detection of environmental agents which may be present in the environment. The process water is associated with structures and have an inherent filtering or absorbing capability available in the materials and therefore can be used as a rapid screening tool for quality and quantitative assessment of environmental agents.

Toxin detection system and method

A system and method of generating a generic binary classifier for the presence of one or more toxins in water is provided. Features are extracted from a plurality of normalized a priori data sets that include one or more control data sets that are representative of an electric cell-substrate impedance sensor (ECIS) response to water with no toxins therein, and a plurality of treatment data sets that are representative of an ECIS response to water with a toxin therein. A plurality of classifier algorithms are trained using the extracted features, and a plurality of classification models are generated from each of the trained classifier algorithms. Each of the classification models is evaluated and, based on the evaluation of each classification model, a subset thereof is selected. The selected subset of the classification models is supplied as the generic binary classifier.

Apparatus and method for measuring transmittance

A device to measure the amount of light able to transmit through a liquid. The device uses a light detector and light source mounted to a support mechanism such that the detector and light source define a path of light emitted by the light source and detected by the detector. The device uses a structure designed to surround a liquid to be tested such that the structure allows light to transmit through the structure and the liquid. An actuator engenders relative motion between the support mechanism and the structure such that at certain times the light propagating between the light source and the detector passes substantially through the structure and the liquid to be tested such that the amount of light able to transmit through the liquid is detected by the detector, and at other times the light propagates directly from the light source to the detector without passing through the structure or the liquid such that the amount of light emitted from the light source is directly detected by the detector. A microprocessor then uses the two sets of detector readings to allow the transmittance measurement of the liquid to be compensated for errors introduced by drift and fluctuations in the amount of light emitted by the light source and also by drift in the light detector and electronics. Such fluctuation and drift is very common in light sources and is due primarily to changes in temperature and imperfections in the light source itself and the power supply.

Method for measuring total phosphorus using multi-parameter water quality data

Provided are a method and a system for measuring total phosphorus that may predict total phosphorus of a river valley using multi-parameter water quality that are measured in real time through a multi-parameter water quality measuring unit and the like, and may increase the accuracy thereof. The total phosphorus measuring method according to the present disclosure includes: computing a correlation between the multi-parameter water quality and the total phosphorus using multi-parameter water quality data and total phosphorus data measured for a predetermined period; selecting upper parameters having a high correlation from among the multi-parameter water quality based on the computation result; generating a total phosphorus prediction model through a regression analysis between the upper parameters and the total phosphorus; measuring the multi-parameter water quality; and predicting the total phosphorus by replacing the total phosphorus prediction model with the measured multi-parameter water quality.

Total organic carbon (toc) fluid sensor

A total organic carbon (TOC) fluid sensor ( 100 ) is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The TOC fluid sensor ( 100 ) includes a first oxidization cell ( 101 A), a second oxidization cell ( 101 B), a gas permeable membrane ( 106 ) configured to allow carbon dioxide to equilibriate between the first oxidization cell ( 101 A) and the second oxidization cell ( 101 B), a first conductivity sensor ( 136 A), and a second conductivity sensor ( 136 B). The TOC fluid sensor ( 100 ) oxidizes a fluid portion in the first oxidization cell ( 101 A) to create carbon dioxide, equilibriates the carbon dioxide between the first oxidization cell ( 101 A) and the second oxidization cell ( 101 B), obtains a second cell conductivity information, and determines a TOC quantity in the fluid under test from the second cell conductivity information when the first cell oxidization is substantially complete.

Method and system for analyzing concentrations of diverse mercury species present in a fluid medium

A method for facilitating removal of mercury from a primary fluid stream of interest which is contaminated with organically-bound, elemental, and ionic mercury species. The stream is analyzed to establish the relative content of the organically-bound, elemental, and ionic mercury species present therein by forming a diverted side stream from the primary stream, and passing the side stream successively through three in series filter stages, the first captures organically bound mercury, the second captures elemental mercury, and the third captures ionic mercury. The side stream flow through the filter stages is continued for a predetermined period, and upon conclusion of the period the quantity of mercury collected at each of the filtration stages is determined. This data is then utilized to determine the capacity of the three different filtration stages required to reduce the mercury content in the mam stream to a desired level.

Process analyzer

A process analyzer for detection of an analyte in a liquid under analysis includes a base module and an exchangeable cartridge module. The exchangeable cartridge module comprises a sample taking device comprising a membrane configured to obtain a sample from the liquid under analysis. A first pump mechanism is configured to pump the sample away from the sample taking device. A second pump mechanism is configured to introduce a reagent into the sample. A measuring section is configured to perform a quantitative detection of the analyte in the sample. A degassing device is arranged downstream of the first pump mechanism and the second pump mechanism. The degassing device is configured to degas the sample.

Method and apparatus for detection of livign phytoplankton cells in water

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting living phytoplankton cells and/or microorganisms in or out of water, particularly ballast water, bodies of water, sewage, or water in swimming and bathing devices. Said method is characterized by the following steps: the variable fluorescence (Fv) is calculated by forming the difference between the maximum fluorescence (Fm) and the minimum fluorescence (Fo) in a measuring space or detecting part or all of the dynamic shape of a fluorescence induction curve in a measuring space, particularly measuring; and calculating the number of living phytoplankton cells and/or microorganisms of a reference species in the measuring space in accordance with the variable fluorescence (Fv).

Devices and methods for long-term intracellular access

Nanoscale probes for forming stable, non-destructive seals with cell membranes. The probes, systems including these probes, and methods of fabricating and using the probes described herein may be used to sense from, stimulate, modify, or otherwise effect individual cells or groups of cells. In particular, described herein are nanoscale cellular probes that may be used to span the lipid membrane of a cell to provide stable and long lasting access to the internal cellular structures. Thus, the probes described herein may be used as part of a system, method or device that would benefit from stable, non-destructive access across a cell membrane. In some variations the nanoscale probe devices or systems described herein may be used as part of a drug screening procedure.

Breath ketone detector

Ketoacidosis is an extreme and uncontrolled form of ketosis, which is a normal response to prolonged fasting. Embodiments of this invention test the ketone level of a patient by measuring the ketone bodies in breath condensation. Some embodiments include a device for medical testing comprising a hollow container, comprising powder mixture of sodium nitroferricyanide, ammonium sulfate and silica and a liquid including an ammonium hydroxide solution.

Nanohybrid nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor and a production method therefor

The present invention provides a nanohybrid type nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor and a production method therefor in which the nanohybrid type nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor includes a fluorescent semiconducting quantum dot and a transition metal compound. Employing a nanohybrid structure including semiconducting quantum dot nano-particles combined with a molecule recognizer selectively looming a bonding to nitrogen monoxide, the nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor is enabled to detect an infinitesimal amount of nitrogen monoxide by bringing about photoluminescence upon detection of nitrogen monoxide.

Method and device for determining the concentration of oxidizing agent(s) in an aqueous solution

In a method and a device for determining the concentration of one or more oxidizing agents in an aqueous solution flowing in a main stream, a partial flow of the aqueous solution is diverted to a bypass, wherein the difference between the potential of the aqueous solution before and after at least partial and/or selective breakdown of any oxidizing agents is measured. The bypass is for diverting and returning the partial flow of the aqueous solution, and has at least one elimination unit through which the aqueous solution flows for at least partial and/or selective breakdown of the oxidizing agent(s), and two measuring electrodes for determining the difference between the potentials of the aqueous solution before and after it passes through the elimination unit.

Electrochemical ph measurement

A method of measuring pH of aqueous liquid with little or no buffer present uses an electrochemical pH sensor which comprises a plurality of electrodes with a redox active organic compound attached to an electrode and having at least one functional group convertible electrochemically between reduced and oxidized forms with transfer of at least one proton between the compound and surrounding aqueous phase, wherein the compound has at least one substituent group which promotes hydrogen bonding at a said functional group and thereby increases the reaction rate of proton transfer. The substituent group may form an internal hydrogen bond with a redox-convertible group or may enhance polarity to promote electrostatic interaction with water molecules and reduce activation energy. Such an electrochemical sensor may be used for pH measurement in computer controlled equipment for processing an aqueous liquid.

System for Treating Liquids

A system for treating liquids comprising: a fluidics unit having at least one functional unit; at least one liquid storage unit of the first type; at least one liquid storage unit of second type; a first liquid line; and a second liquid line, wherein a flow of liquid through the first liquid line directed from the fluidics unit to the liquid storage unit of first type is blocked, at least at times, by means of a first valve and a flow of liquid through the second liquid line in the direction from the liquid storage unit of second type to the fluidics unit is blocked, at least at times, by means of a second valve.

Filter device

A filter device of the present disclosure includes a first port from which a solution containing a substance is to be input, and a first flow passage communicating with the first port. A filter portion made of a plurality of fibrous substances including inorganic oxide is formed in at least one part in the first flow passage. The plurality of fibrous substances has one peak in the diameter distribution.

Integrated circuit with sensor and method of manufacturing such an integrated circuit

Disclosed is an integrated circuit comprising a substrate ( 10 ) carrying a plurality of circuit elements; a metallization stack ( 12, 14, 16 ) interconnecting said circuit elements, said metallization stack comprising a patterned upper metallization layer comprising a first metal portion ( 20 ) and a second metal portion ( 21 ); a passivation stack ( 24, 26, 28 ) covering the metallization stack; a gas sensor including a sensing material portion ( 32, 74 ) on the passivation stack; a first conductive portion ( 38 ) extending through the passivation stack connecting a first region of the sensing material portion to the first metal portion; and a second conductive portion ( 40 ) extending through the passivation stack connecting a second region of the sensing material portion to the second metal portion. A method of manufacturing such an IC is also disclosed.

AQUATIC POLLUTION MONITORING

The effects of pollution in an aquatic mass may be monitored by measuring changes in various parameters of sessile organisms, particularly bivalves such as mussels. Particular parameters measured include particle clearance rate, oxygen consumption and apical growth. 1. A method-of monitoring an effect of pollution in an aquatic mass , said method comprising:disposing in said aquatic mass a biosensor unit containing a living sessile organism;performing a series of first measurements, of a flux of particles in said aquatic mass in a region adjacent a feeding orifice of said organism;performing a series of second measurements, of a flux of particles in said aquatic mass in a region adjacent an excretion orifice of said organism; andusing said first and second measurements to calculate a particle clearance rate for said organism.2. The method of further comprising measuring a size distribution of said particles.3. The method of further comprising measuring a pumping rate of the organism.4. (canceled)5. The method of further comprising determining the pumping rate using velocity vectors of particles carried in the acquatic mass.6. The method of further comprising measuring a water flow speed.7. The method of further comprising measuring a gape of the organism.8. The method of further comprising using a set of sensors continuously or frequently to measure water flow speed and periodically or less frequently also to determine particle density claim 1 ,9. The method of further comprising measuring individual particles.10. The method of further comprising using a laser particle detector.11. The method of further comprising measuring individual clearance rates for each of a plurality of organisms.12. The method of further comprising measuring a particle flux or density in a common environment of the organism.13. The method of further comprising measuring a chlorophyll a fluorescence in a region of a feeding orifice and an excretion orifice of the organism respectively.14. ( ...

Remote Water Quality Monitoring

A remote water quality monitoring arrangement, a distributed water quality monitoring system with said remote water quality monitoring arrangement, and a method for replacing or installing said remote water quality monitoring arrangement in said distributed water quality monitoring system are provided. The remote water quality monitoring arrangement may include a position detection device, for example a GPS-receiver (Global Positioning System), while a current location of said remote water quality monitoring arrangement is automatically detectable/detected. Water quality measurements, i.e., measurement data, of said remote water quality monitoring arrangement can automatically be assigned with the detected location facilitating a central server—receiving the measurements, i.e., measurement data, together with the detected location of the remote water quality monitoring arrangement—to automatically organize a replacement and/or a new installation of said remote water quality monitoring arrangement in said distributed water quality monitoring system.

WATER ANALYSIS SENSOR CARTRIDGE WITH TRANSPORT CONTAINER

A transport container system for a water analysis sensor cartridge includes a water analysis sensor cartridge configured to be interchangeable. The water analysis sensor cartridge comprises at least two different sensor membranes. A transport container cup comprises, for each of the at least two different sensor membranes, a separate moist chamber. Each separate moist chamber comprises one chamber opening and a specific humectant for each of the at least two different sensor membranes. 114-. (canceled)15. A transport container system for a water analysis sensor cartridge , the transport container comprising;a water analysis sensor cartridge configured to be interchangeable, the water analysis sensor cartridge comprising at least two different sensor membranes; anda transport container cup comprising, for each of the at least two different sensor membranes, a separate moist chamber, wherein each separate moist chamber comprises one chamber opening and a specific humectant for each of the at least two different sensor membranes.16. The transport container system as recited in claim 15 , wherein the transport container cup further comprises a bottom and a vertical chamber wall(s) arranged in a vertical orientation on the bottom claim 15 , wherein each separate moist chamber is formed by a respective vertical chamber wall arranged in the vertical orientation on the bottom of the transport-container cup.17. The transport container system as recited in claim 15 , wherein the specific humectant is an electrolyte gel.18. The transport container system as recited in claim 15 , wherein the specific humectant is formed by a sponge body soaked with an electrolyte solution.19. The transport container system as recited in claim 15 , further comprising a transport container lid configured to provide for a liquid-tight closure of the transport container cup.20. The transport container system as recited in claim 19 , wherein claim 19 ,the transport container cup further comprises a ...

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF MULTIPLE ANALYTES IN INDUSTRIAL WATER SYSTEM

A multi-purpose reagent composition is used for simultaneously determining concentrations of at least two analytes in a water sample. The two analytes are selected from the group consisting of free chlorine, pH, anionic polymer, and phosphates. In one embodiment, the multi-purpose reagent composition is for simultaneously determining the concentration of free chlorine and pH and comprises a free chlorine sensitive dye and pH indicator. In another embodiment, the reagent composition is for simultaneously determining of free chlorine and anionic polymer and includes a free chlorine sensitive dye, a pH buffer, cationic dye, and organic co-solvent. Thus, the pairs of free chlorine and pH or free chlorine and anionic polymer are determined using a single reagent composition. The reagent composition can also be the main reagent for one analyte analysis when it is used alone and also function as an ancillary reagent when it is combined with a second reagent composition for the determination of another analyte. 1. A multi-purpose reagent composition for simultaneously determining concentrations of at least two analytes in a water sample , wherein the two analytes are selected from the group consisting of free chlorine , pH , anionic polymer , and phosphates.2. The multi-purpose reagent composition of wherein the reagent composition is for simultaneously determining the concentration of free chlorine and pH and comprises a free chlorine sensitive dye and pH indicator.3. The composition of where said co-solvent is ethylene glycol and methanol.4. The multi-purpose reagent composition of wherein said free chlorine sensitive dye includes one or more coloring reagents selected from the group consisting of infrared dyes.5. The multi-purpose reagent composition of wherein said pH indicator is a colorimetric pH indicator.6. The multi-purpose reagent composition of wherein the reagent composition is for simultaneously determining of free chlorine and anionic polymer and comprises a ...

Methods For Analysis Of Water And Substrates Rinsed In Water

A method is disclosed for determining metal content in a container of water. The method includes contacting a substrate with the water for a predetermined period of time. The substrate is then dried and analyzed to determine the metal content of the substrate surface. A determination is then made of the metal content in the water from the metal content on the substrate surface. 1. A method for determining metal content in a container of water , the method comprising;contacting a substrate with the water for a predetermined period of time, the substrate having a surface;drying the substrate;analyzing the substrate surface to determine metal content; anddetermining the metal content in the water from the metal content on the substrate surfaces.2. The method of wherein the predetermined period of time is at least 500 minutes.3. The method of wherein the predetermined period of time is at least 700 minutes.4. The method of wherein the predetermined period of time is 750 minutes.5. The method of wherein the metal content includes nickel.6. The method of wherein contacting the substrate with the water comprises immersing the substrate in water.7. The method of wherein contacting the substrate with the water comprises directing a flow of water to contact the substrate surface.8. The method of wherein the substrate is a semiconductor wafer.9. The method of further comprising analyzing the substrate surface to determine metal content on the substrate surface prior to contacting the substrate with the water.10. The method of further comprising placing the substrate in the container while the water is present in the container.11. The method of wherein the substrate is oriented substantially parallel to a vertical sidewall of the container.12. The method of wherein the substrate is oriented substantially perpendicular to a vertical sidewall of the container.13. The method of wherein placing the substrate in the container comprises placing the substrate in a support member.14. ...

Specification device for water status of soil, and method for same

Contacting a pair of electrodes with soil, applying an alternate current input electric signal to one of the pair of electrodes, comparing a phase of an output electric signal from the other of the pair electrodes with a phase of the input electric signal; and determining the concentration of the ionic solute included in the solvent according to a difference of the phases. The difference of the phases is not dependent on the water content. An electrical conductivity is proportional to a water content and ion concentration, thereby, the water content of soil is available according to the measured electrical conductivity, while determining the ion concentration.

System and Method for Image Selection of Bundled Objects

A bundled object image selection system includes an array of sensors configured to at least partially surround a bundle of objects, wherein the sensors are lasers adapted to obtain physical dimensional data about the bundle. The system also includes at least one camera configured to obtain a plurality of images of the bundle, a processor for executing computer-executable instructions, and a memory for storing computer executable instructions. When the instructions are executed, the processor implements a limit module that processes the physical dimensional data to determine a limit of the bundle and a selection module that selects at least one image from the plurality of images corresponding to the limit.

Visual Quality Indicator for Aqueous Streams

A visual indicator device and method for determining the presence of oily contaminants in an aqueous stream are provided. The device includes a filtration status chamber for receiving and discharging the aqueous stream, and a transparent wall enabling viewing of the chamber interior. A fluid-pervious filtration media within the chamber is infused with an absorption composition at which the contaminant on contact with the media is immobilized. The media has a surface viewable through a transparent wall of the filtration status chamber, and the stream flow path causes the stream to impinge at the media via the surface, whereby the contaminants collect selectively at the media surface and are highly visible through the transparent wall. 1. A visual quality indicator (VQI) device for determining the presence of oily contaminants in an aqueous stream , the device comprising:a filtration status chamber having an inlet and an outlet for receiving and discharging said aqueous stream, and a transparent wall enabling viewing of the chamber interior;a fluid-pervious filtration media within said chamber, which has been infused with an absorption composition comprising a homogeneous thermal reaction product of an oil component selected from the group consisting of glycerides, fatty acids, alkenes, and alkynes, and a methacrylate or acrylate polymer component, the contaminants on contact with said media being thereby immobilized; andsaid media having a surface viewable through said transparent wall, the said chamber providing a stream flow path to cause the aqueous stream to impinge at said media via the surface, whereby said contaminants collect selectively at said surface and are highly visible through said transparent wall.2. A device in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said filtration status chamber has means for channeling the stream flow received therein from the chamber lateral walls toward its central axis claim 1 , whereby said oily contaminants in the flow collect ...

APPARATUS FOR ON-LINE CONTINUOUS CHLORINE ANALYSIS IN TURBID WATER AND PROCESS STREAMS

The invention is directed towards methods and apparatus for accurately detecting the presence and concentration of an oxidant in a turbid water sample. This method is very helpful in allowing accurate and efficient (not too much nor too little) amounts of microbe killing oxidants to be introduced to water supplies that require oxidants but which at present cannot be measured properly. The method comprises the steps of: passing the water through at least one filter array, passing the filtered water to an analyzer, and then returning from the analyzer a measurement of the concentration. The filter array comprises at least one filter constructed and arranged to remove turbidity inducing material but not oxidant from the water sample. The analyzer can be a commonly commercially available analyzer that currently cannot accurately measure the oxidant concentration if the water had not been so filtered. This method allows users to apply easily available oxidant measuring technology to applications such as paper mill water where it is needed but was previously was not applicable. 1. A method of accurately detecting the presence and concentration of chlorine in a turbid water sample , the method comprising the steps of:passing the water sample through at least one filter device at an entry rate,then passing the water sample into a sample buffer tank, and then on to a chlorine monitor, the sample tank constructed and arranged to pass water on to the monitor at an exit rate,wherein at least some of the time, the exit rate is different than the entry rate.2. The method of in which there are a series of two or more filter devices the filter devices constructed and arranged to remove turbidity inducing material but not chlorine from the water sample claim 1 , the filter devices in fluidic communication with each other and are sequentially ordered to progressively apply an ever more fine degree of filtration as the sample moves distally.3. The method of in which the sample tank ...

Sensor-enabled gate valve

Methods, systems, and apparatus for a gate valve including a body and a sensing bore. A subassembly includes a body with a sensing bore; a bonnet contacting the body; and at least one of a vein and a plug in the sensing bore.

SENSOR-ENABLED GATE VALVE

Methods, systems, and apparatus for a gate valve including a body, a stem, and a sensing bore. A subassembly includes a body, a stem, and a sensing bore; a bonnet contacting the body; and at least one of a vein and a plug in the sensing bore. 1. A gate valve comprising:a body;a stem; anda sensing bore defined in the stem.2. The gate valve of claim 1 , further comprising a top cover claim 1 , wherein the top cover defines an adapter bore.3. The gate valve of claim 2 , wherein the adapter bore is in fluid communication with the sensing bore of the stem.4. The gate valve of claim 2 , further comprising a bushing positioned between the stem and the top cover claim 2 , the bushing defining at least one radial bore and a bushing annulus.5. The gate valve of claim 4 , wherein the sensing bore includes an axial portion and a radial portion.6. The gate valve of claim 5 , wherein the stem defines a shaft annulus such that the sensing bore claim 5 , the shaft annulus claim 5 , the radial bore claim 5 , the bushing annulus claim 5 , and the adapter bore define a flow path.7. The gate valve of claim 1 , further comprising a gate claim 1 , the gate defining an actuation bore claim 1 , the stem interacting with the actuation bore.8. The gate valve of claim 7 , wherein the actuation bore is in fluid communication with the sensing bore.9. The gate valve of claim 8 , wherein the actuation bore is in fluid communication with a fluid bore defined in the body of the gate valve when the gate is in an open position.10. The gate valve of claim 7 , wherein the gate is an encapsulated disc.11. The gate valve of claim 1 , further comprising a bonnet contacting the body.12. The gate valve of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a vein and a plug in the sensing bore.13. The gate valve of claim 12 , wherein the vein is in the sensing bore claim 12 , the vein including a bore claim 12 , the bore allowing measurement of fluid inside the gate valve.14. A method of sensing an aspect of a ...

Method for detection of cyanide in water

The method for detection of cyanide in water is a method for the detection of a highly toxic pollutant, cyanide, in water using ZnO 2 nanoparticles synthesized locally by an elegant Pulsed Laser Ablation technique. ZnO 2 nanoparticles having a median size of 4 nm are synthesized from pure zinc metal target under UV laser irradiation in a 1-10% H 2 O 2 environment in deionized water. The synthesized ZnO 2 nanoparticles are suspended in dimethyl formamide in the presence of Nafion, and then ultrasonicated to create a homogenous suspension, which is used to prepare a thin film of ZnO 2 nanoparticles on a metal electrode. The electrode is used for cyanide detection.

Water-Distribution System Comprising a Device for Measuring the Value of at Least One Parameter Representing the Water Quality

A water distribution system comprises a water distribution conduit. Disposed in the conduit is a device for measuring a value of at least one parameter representative of the quality of the water flowing in the conduit. The device comprises means for measuring the parameter and means for directing substantially all of the water through the device in close proximity to the means for measuring the one parameter. 113-. (canceled)14. A water distribution system comprising: a water distribution conduit having a lead-in conduit portion and a discharge conduit portion; a water quality measuring device disposed in the water distribution system between the lead-in conduit portion and the conduit discharge portion of the water distribution conduit and including a probe for measuring the value of at least one parameter representing the quality of water flowing in the water distribution conduit; and the water quality measuring device being configured to cause substantially all of the water flowing through the water distribution conduit to flow in close proximity to the water quality measuring device.15. The water distribution system of wherein the water quality measuring device comprises a measurement chamber housing the probe for measuring the quality of at least one parameter representing the quality of water flowing in the water distribution conduit and wherein the measurement chamber comprises an inlet connected to the lead-in conduit portion of the water distribution conduit and an outlet connected to the discharge conduit portion of the water distribution conduit.161. The water distribution system of claim further including means for generating a turbulent flow of water adjacent the probe.17. The water distribution system of wherein the means for generating the turbulent flow comprises a water flow restrictor disposed in the path of the water flowing through the water quality measuring device.18. The water distribution system of wherein the flow restrictor comprises a ramp ...

SUBMERGENCE DETECTING DEVICE

The submergence detecting device includes a submergence detecting terminal and a submergence judging device. The submergence detecting terminal is composed of at least two conductive sections disposed within a case. The submergence detecting terminal detects a submergence state by coming into contact with water that has infiltrated a predetermined area within the case. The submergence judging device is disposed within the case. At least a signal related to submergence detection is inputted into the submergence judging device from the submergence detecting terminal. The submergence judging device then judges whether or not submergence has occurred. The submergence detecting terminal is disposed in a position away from the submergence judging device in the downward direction. 1. A submergence detecting device , comprising:a submergence detecting terminal which is composed of at least two conductive sections disposed within a case and thereby detects a submergence state at predetermined area within the case; anda submergence judging device which is disposed within the case, wherein the submergence detecting device is made such that at least a signal relating to submergence detection is received from the submergence detecting terminal and thereby judges whether or not submergence has occurred,wherein the submergence detecting terminal is disposed in a position away from the submergence judging device in the downward direction.2. The submergence detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein the submergence detecting terminal has at least three conductive sections claim 1 , wherein the lowest position of one of the conductive sections is disposed higher up than that of other conductive sections.3. The submergence detecting device according to claim 1 , comprising a fluid guiding section provided in a bottom portion within the case so as to guide the fluid which has been infiltrated into the case to an area directly below the submergence detecting terminal.4. The ...

Method for purifying water

A method and a system for continuous purification of wastewater and/or utility water, wherein peracetic acid is metered into the wastewater, the flow of the wastewater, redox potential and the concentration of peracetic acid are measured, and the metering of peracetic acid is adjusted relative to the variation in the flow and on the basis of the concentration of peracetic acid and redox potential.

Systems and Methods for the Detection of Low-Level Harmful Substances in a Large Volume of Fluid

A method and device for the detection of low-level harmful substances in a large volume of fluid comprising using a concentrator system to produce a retentate and analyzing the retantate for the presence of at one harmful substance. The concentrator system performs a method comprising pumping at least 10 liters of fluid from a sample source through a filter While pumping, the concentrator system diverts retentate from the filter into a container. The concentrator system also recirculates at least part of the retentate in the container again through the filter. The concentrator system controls the speed of the pump with a control system thereby maintaining a fluid pressure less than 25 psi during the pumping of the fluid; monitors the quantity of retentate within the container with a control system, and maintains a reduced volume level of retentate and a target volume of retentate. 1. A method for the detection of low-level harmful substances in a large volume of fluid comprising: i) pumping at least 10 liters of fluid from a sample source through a filter and back into said sample source; said filter preventing the passage of at least one harmful substance;', 'ii) diverting retentate from said filter into a container;', 'iii) recirculating at least part of said retentate in said container again through said filter;', 'iv) venting air to and from said container through an air filter;', 'v) preventing the release of said retentate out of said concentrator system;', 'vi) controlling the speed of said pump with a control system thereby maintaining a fluid pressure less than 25 PSI during said pumping of said fluid;', (1) detecting a value at least relating to the volume or weight of said retentate; and', '(2) controlling the amount of retenate diverted in said step of diverting retentate; and, 'vii) monitoring the quantity of retentate within said container with a control system and maintaining a reduced volume level of retentate and a target volume of retentate ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

An apparatus () for environmental monitoring, the apparatus () characterised in that it comprises at least one arm () mounted in both a rotatable and pivotal manner relative to a base (), the arm () being adjustable in length and having an image capturing device () mounted thereon, either directly or indirectly. A method for environmental monitoring is also disclosed. 1. An apparatus for environmental monitoring , the apparatus characterised in that it comprises a base , an intermediate member , and at least one arm , the intermediate member being mounted by a first end thereof to the base in a rotatable and pivotal manner , the arm being connected to the intermediate member in a pivotal manner at a point remote from the first end , and the arm further being adjustable in length and having an image capturing device mounted directly or indirectly thereon.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the mounting of the arm to the base allows rotation of the arm through a full 360 degrees with respect thereto.3. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the image capturing device is mounted at or near a distal end of the arm relative to the base.4. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 , wherein the image capturing device is provided in the form of a camera.5. An apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the camera is mounted to the arm in a fixed manner.6. An apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the camera is mounted on the arm by way of a mounting capable of rotation about two axes.7. An apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the camera is mounted on the arm by way of a gimbal mount.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pivotal movement of the intermediate member relative to the base is driven by way of a first ram provided between the base and the intermediate member claim 1 , whereby actuation of the first ram controls the angle of the intermediate member relative to the base.12. An apparatus ...

Method and system for detecting microcystin from reflected light

The present invention relates to a method of detecting microcystin in water from reflected light, and also includes devices for the measurement, calculation and transmission of data relating to that method.

Dissolved nitrogen concentration monitoring method, substrate cleaning method, and substrate cleaning apparatus

A dissolved nitrogen concentration monitoring method is used for monitoring a dissolved nitrogen concentration of a cleaning liquid when an ultrasonic wave is irradiated onto the cleaning liquid in which a substrate is dipped. The method includes measuring an amount of increase of a dissolved oxygen concentration of the cleaning liquid resulting from an oxygen molecule generated from a water molecule as a result of a radical reaction caused by ultrasonic wave irradiation. A dissolved nitrogen concentration of the cleaning liquid is calculated from the measured amount of increase of dissolved oxygen concentration based on a predetermined relationship between a dissolved nitrogen concentration and an amount of increase of dissolved oxygen concentration.

Device For Measuring The Purity Of Ultrapure Water

This is a device for analyzing the quantity of organic compounds existing in a liquid, such as ultrapure water, at the outlet from a purification device including in series filter means ( 1 ), oxidation means ( 2 ) and polishing means ( 3 ), further including means for measuring the resistivity of water to determine the purity thereof, characterized in that it includes only one resistivity measuring cell ( 4 ) and in that the outlet points of said filter means ( 1 ) and said oxidation means ( 2 ) are connected to said resistivity measuring cell ( 4 ) by pipes provided with an analysis valve ( 6 ) and/or check valves ( 5 ) selectively enabling circulation of said liquid within them.

System and method for monitoring ammonium bisulfide

Systems and methods relate to measuring ammonium bisulfide concentration in a fluid sample. The system includes an electrolytic conductivity cell, a temperature sensor and an analyzer. Logic of the analyzer determines the ammonium bisulfide concentration based on signals received from the conductivity cell and the temperature sensor that are coupled to monitor the fluid.

PHOTO-COUPLED DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM AND METHOD

The photo-coupled data acquisition system can have a container having a contour wall extending upwardly from a closed bottom, for containing a sample therein, a light emitter operable to emit diffused light into the container at an initial intensity, a photodetector operable to detect a reflected intensity of the diffused light, and a structure connected to the contour wall and holding the light emitter and the photodetector at a predetermined height above the bottom of the container and in an orientation facing inside the container, wherein during operation of the system, the initial light intensity is attenuated by the sample and the reflected intensity thereof can be correlated to an information value concerning a variable of interest of the sample. 1. A photo-coupled data acquisition system comprising a container having a contour wall extending upwardly from a closed bottom , for containing a sample therein , a light emitter operable to emit diffused light into the container at an initial intensity , a photodetector operable to detect a reflected intensity of the diffused light reflected by at least one of the sample and the container across the sample , and a structure connected to the contour wall and holding the light emitter and the photodetector at a predetermined height above the bottom of the container and in an orientation facing inside the container , wherein during operation of the system , the initial intensity is attenuated by the sample in a manner that the reflected intensity can be correlated to an information value concerning a variable of interest of the sample.2. The photo-coupled data acquisition system of further comprising claim 1 , a memory to store calibration data claim 1 , and a processor operable to correlate the reflected intensity to the information value using the calibration data.3. The photo-coupled data acquisition system of further comprising a visual indicator; wherein the sample has a plurality of organisms in a liquid medium ...

Desalination system and elements thereof

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a desalination system comprising a plurality of elongated pressure vessels (PV). Each PV has a longitudinal axis, oriented such that the longitudinal axis thereof is of a vertical orientation. Each of the PVs is adapted to receive therein a plurality n of desalination membranes. The membranes located above the lowermost membrane within the PV have a total weight allowing them to function as a mechanism limiting axial expansion of the lowermost membrane, whereby the PV is free of any additional limiting mechanism.

METHOD FOR DETERMINING A CONDITION INDICATOR OF AN ANALYSIS APPARATUS

A method for determining a condition indicator of an apparatus includes providing an apparatus configured to measure at least two different technical parameters. A respective parameter value is determined for each of the at least two different technical parameters of the apparatus using at least one sensor configured to determine a respective parameter value for each of the at least two different technical parameters. A respective deviation value is determined for each of the parameter values with respect to an associated respective parameter reference value for each of the technical parameters. A respective deviation relevance value is determined from each of the deviation values using a respective parameter-specific deviation relevance function for each of the parameter values, the parameter-specific deviation relevance functions being different from each other. Using an indicator function, a condition indicator is calculated from the determined deviation relevance values. An overall condition of the apparatus is determined using the condition indicator. 1. A method for determining a condition indicator of an apparatus , the method comprising:providing an apparatus configured to measure at least two different technical parameters;determining a respective parameter value for each of the at least two different technical parameters of the apparatus using at least one sensor configured to determine a respective parameter value for each of the at least two different technical parameters;determining a respective deviation value for each of the parameter values with respect to an associated respective parameter reference value for each of the technical parameters;determining a respective deviation relevance value from each of the deviation values using a respective parameter-specific deviation relevance function for each of the parameter values, the parameter-specific deviation relevance functions being different from each other;calculating, using an indicator function, ...

Electronic pet and pet interaction system thereof

A electronic pet contains a diving device which includes a sealed main body with at least one flexible portion disposed on at least one part of the main body wherein the sealed main body is sealed from water external to the sealed main body by the at least one flexible portion together with the main body, and an actuator, directly connected to the flexible portion through a transmission shaft, wherein the actuator is adapted for controlling the air density of the diving device by pulling or pushing the flexible portion inwards or outwards through the transmission shaft respectively. The electronic pet also includes a driving device, a sensing device used to sense light, sound and contact/non-contact stimulations from an external environment, a signal transceiver device used to transceive signals to and from devices other than the electronic pet, and a processor.

PIECE OF CLOTHING

An easy way for a person to utilize the indicating character of body perspiration for recognizing possible diseases is realized by using a piece of clothing as a carrier for a corresponding indicator dye, without additional stress or strain in everyday life or additional effort of a general nature, by bonding the indicator dye to the fiber of the piece of clothing by means of a chemical bond such as an atomic bond or a covalent bond. 1. A piece of clothing to which an indicator dye is bonded by chemical bonding , wherein the piece of clothing comprises at least one fiber to which the indicator dye is indirectly coupled via nano- or microparticles which are bonded , printed , adhered or laminated to the at least one fiber , wherein the indicator dyeis covalently bonded to the surface of the nano- or microparticles,is covalently bonded in pores of the nano- or microparticles, orthe indicator dye is covalently polymerized into the nano- or microparticles.2. The piece of clothing according to claim 1 , wherein the indicator dye is implemented such that an optical characteristic of the indicator dye selectively changes when contacting an analyte.3. The piece of clothing according to claim 2 , wherein the indicator dye is implemented such that the optical characteristic that changes selectively on contact with the analyte claim 2 , is an absorption wavelength claim 2 , an absorption intensity claim 2 , an emission wavelength claim 2 , an emission intensity or a fluorescence decay time of the indicator dye.4. The piece of clothing according to claim 1 , wherein the indicator dye is implemented such that the change is reversible by washing out the analyte.5. The piece of clothing according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical bond is an atomic bond.616. The piece of clothing according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one fiber is exposed at an interior side () of the piece of clothing claim 1 , so that when the piece of clothing is worn by a person the indicator dye is in ...

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT BY STEROL AND/OR STANOL MARKERS

This invention relates to a therapeutic decision diagram that determines a therapeutic guidance for achieving lipoprotein goals for a subject having various levels of cardiovascular disease risk. The therapeutic decision diagram can be used in methods to diagnose, identify or screen subjects that have, do not have or are at risk for cardiovascular disease; to differentially diagnose cardiovascular risk/disease states; to evaluate the severity or changes in severity of cardiovascular risk/disease in a subject; to monitor the efficacy of the therapies for cardiovascular disease on subjects that are undergoing such therapies; and to determine or suggest a new therapy or a change in therapy. 1. A therapeutic decision diagram that determines what therapeutic guidance for achieving lipoprotein goals , if any , should be provided to a subject having various levels of cardiovascular disease risk , said therapeutic decision diagram providing a therapeutic guidance to the subject based on risk values comprising:(i) a first risk value determined by levels of one or more cardiovascular risk biomarkers contained in a biological sample from the subject, said cardiovascular risk biomarkers comprising at least one of low density lipoprotein particle number (LDL-P), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), or triglyceride (TG); and(ii) a second risk value determined by levels of one or more cholesterol-absorption sterol and/or stanol biomarkers contained in a biological sample from the subject, and(iii) a third risk value determined by levels of one or more cholesterol-synthesis sterol and/or stanol biomarkers contained in a biological sample from the subject.2. The therapeutic decision diagram of claim 1 , wherein the first risk value comprises high risk claim 1 , moderate risk claim 1 , or low risk of cardiovascular disease claim 1 , when the levels of the cardiovascular risk biomarkers are compared to a reference level of each corresponding cardiovascular risk biomarker.3. The therapeutic ...

System and method for controlling water quality in a recreational water installation

A system for monitoring water chemistry of a recreational water installation includes a sensor configured to detect bather load in the recreational water installation and a controller configured to determine a required adjustment to the water chemistry of the recreational water installation based upon the detected bather load.

MULTIPHASE SYSTEMS AND USES THEREOF

A multi-phase system includes a phase-separated solution comprising at least two phases, each phase having a phase component selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a surfactant and combinations thereof, wherein at least one phase comprises a polymer, wherein the phases, taken together, represent a density gradient. Novel two-phase, three-phase, four-phase, five-phase, or six-phase systems are disclosed. Using the disclosed multi-phase polymer systems, particles, or other analyte of interest can be separated based on their different densities or affinities. 1. A multi-phase system , comprising: each of the first and second phases comprises a phase component selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a surfactant and combinations thereof, wherein at least one of the first and second phases comprises a polymer;', 'each said phase has an upper and a lower phase boundary; and', 'each of the two or more phases has a different density and the phases, taken together, represent a density gradient; and, 'two or more phase-separated phases including at least a first and second phases, wherein'}an analyte contained within the phase-separated solution, wherein the analyte is located predominantly at one of the phase boundaries.2. The multi-phase system of claim 1 , wherein greater than 80% of the analyte is located at one or more of the phase boundaries.3. The multi-phase system of claim 1 , wherein greater than 90% of the analyte is located at one or more of the phase boundaries.4. The multi-phase system of claim 1 , wherein the system comprises more than one analyte and the additional analytes are located at the same or different phase boundary.5. A multi-phase system claim 1 , comprising: each phase comprises a phase component selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a surfactant and combinations thereof,', 'wherein at least one phase comprises a polymer; and', 'each of the two or more phases has a different density and the phases, taken together, ...

Method of Detecting Analyte

This disclosure relates to a method of detecting an analyte. The method includes (1) contacting an aqueous solution containing the analyte with an electrochemical detector having a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a solid electrolyte, where the analyte includes a halogen or an oxy-halogen species and the solid electrolyte provides an electrical pathway between the working and counter electrodes; (2) applying a voltage to the detector; and (3) measuring the resultant current change in the detector.

Submersible Chemical Indicator Apparatuses For Use In Aquatic-Environment Monitoring/Measuring Systems

Chemical indicator apparatuses containing one or more chemical indicators for use in monitoring the quality of water in an aquatic environment. The apparatuses are designed and configured to be submersible in the water that is being monitored. In some embodiments, each apparatus includes a plurality of immobilized-dye-based chemical indicators that undergo a physical change as levels of one or more constituents of the water change. Such indicators can be read by one or more suitable optical readers. These and other embodiments are designed and configured to be movable by a corresponding monitoring/measuring apparatus, for example, via a magnetically coupled drive. Also disclosed are a variety of features that can be used to provide a chemical indicator apparatus with additional functionalities. 1. A chemical indicator apparatus , comprising:a chemical indicator designed and configured to indicate levels of a predetermined constituent of a water when said chemical indicator is exposed to the water, said chemical indicator adapted to indicate the levels by undergoing a detectable physical change; supporting said chemical indicator; and', 'including an engagement interface designed and configured to allow the monitor apparatus to move said holder and said chemical indicator relative to the monitor apparatus during use of the monitor apparatus when the apparatus is submerged in the water., 'a holder designed and configure to be submerged in the water during use of said chemical indicator and to be removably engaged with a monitor apparatus having a reader for sensing the detectable physical change of said chemical indicator, said holder2. A chemical indicator apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the monitor apparatus includes rotary receiver and said holder comprises a wheel having a rotational axis claim 1 , wherein said engagement interface includes a hub designed and configured to engage the rotary receiver of the monitor apparatus so that the monitoring ...

Automated systems and methods for detection of chemical compounds

In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for processing a liquid test sample includes using a needle assembly to introduce a first flow of gas through an inlet in the needle assembly into a container containing a liquid test sample and to provide an outlet from the container through the needle assembly, separating at least one volatile component from the sample in a gas and liquid separator using the first flow of gas, adsorbing the at least one volatile component onto a trapping material to provide at least one adsorbed component, and releasing the at least one adsorbed component from the trapping material to provide at least one released component.

APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A SELECTED LIQUID CONTAMINANT

An apparatus for detecting a selected liquid contaminant includes a material holder and a reactive material held by the material holder. The reactive material absorbs a selected liquid contaminant with a measurable change reaction occurring as a result of such absorption. A signal generator is provided for generating a signal upon the measurable change reaction exceeding a preset threshold. 1. An apparatus for detecting a selected liquid contaminant , comprising:a material holder;a reactive material held by the material holder, the reactive material absorbing a selected liquid contaminant with a measurable change reaction occurring as a result of such absorption; anda signal generator for generating a signal upon the measurable change reaction exceeding a preset threshold.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the selected liquid contaminant is a hydrocarbon.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the signal generator includes a sensor that provides not only an indication that the measurable change reaction has occurred but also an indication of the extent to which the measurable change reaction has occurred.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the reactive material is hydrophobic and non-reactive to water.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the reactive material is normally granular allowing passage of liquids and upon reacting with the selected liquid contaminant changes to a gel.6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein volumetric expansion occurs during the measurable change reaction of the reactive material.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein a indicator element is provided in close proximity to the reactive material and movement of the indicator element invariably occurs as a result of physical contact during volumetric expansion claim 6 , the signal generator generating a signal upon movement of the indicator element as a result of volumetric expansion exceeding a preset threshold.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the indicator element is magnetically ...

DETECTION OF HYDROCARBONS IN AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENTS

A process for a pre-concentration unit including: a sorbent material coated passage-way having an entrance for receiving a hydrocarbon-containing groundwater sample and for pre-concentrating the hydrocarbons in a hydrocarbon-containing groundwater sample by successive sorption/desorption cycles, and having an exit for discharging the pre-concentrated hydrocarbons; a heating unit for heating the sorbent material coated passage-way; and; an array of shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors with coatings adapted for detecting and quantifying the pre-concentrated hydrocarbons, disposed at the exit of the sorbent material coated passage-way; and a housing for enclosing the pre-concentration unit and the array of shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors, adapted for continuous use at a body of hydrocarbon-containing groundwater, and coupled to mathematical methods for generating concentrations of specific analytes from both transient and steady-state signals. 1. A system for in situ monitoring of groundwater , comprising: a sorbent material coated passage-way having an entrance for receiving a sample of the groundwater containing a hydrocarbon and for pre-concentrating the hydrocarbon contained in the sample by successive sorption/desorption cycles, and having an exit for discharging the pre-concentrated hydrocarbon; and', 'a heating unit for heating the sorbent material coated passage-way;, 'a. a pre-concentration unit comprisingb. an array of shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors with coatings adapted for detecting and quantifying the pre-concentrated hydrocarbon, disposed at the exit of the sorbent material coated passage-way of the pre-concentration unit; andc. a housing for enclosing the pre-concentration unit and the array of shear horizontal-surface acoustic wave sensors.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the housing is adapted for continuous use at a body of hydrocarbon-containing groundwater.3. The system according to claim 1 , ...

Combined Illuminator/Light Collectors For Optical Readers

Combined illuminator/light collectors (I/LCs) that provide measurement and/or reference light to a target and collect light from the target. One example of a use for a combined I/LC of the present disclosure is for an optic of an optical reader used to read one or more chemical indicators that undergo physical changes that can be optically detected. The combined I/LC includes a spot lensing designed and configured in conjunction with the target to provide spot illumination on the target from one or more light sources. A light collector collects light from the target resulting from the spot illumination. Some embodiments further include dispersive lensing to direct a portion of the light from each light source away from the spot illumination to keep that light from interfering with the spot illumination.

METHOD FOR MONITORING WATER TEMPERATURE

Methods are provided for monitoring water temperature using light reflected therefrom, where measurement of reflected light can be obtained from satellite imagery. Such methods include determining a temperature of a body of water by obtaining a measurement of thermal radiation from at least a portion of the body of water. The temperature of at least the portion of the body of water is then determined from the thermal radiation measurement by applying an algorithm relating the measurement to the temperature. The determined temperature can be output in various ways, including as numerical data and as graphical data, such as a temperature map of the body of water. 1. A method of determining a temperature of a body of water comprising:obtaining a thermal radiation measurement from at least a portion of the body of water;determining a temperature of at least the portion of the body of water from the thermal radiation measurement by applying an algorithm relating the thermal radiation measurement to the temperature of at least the portion of the body of water, wherein the algorithm is the result of fitting one of a line and a curve to actual water temperature data relative to measurements of thermal radiation; andoutputting the determined temperature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal radiation measurement includes a thermal image captured with a thermal infrared sensor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal radiation measurement includes a measurement obtained from the LANDSAT 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+).4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the thermal radiation measurement includes a measurement taken from high gain band 62 of the LANDSAT ETM+.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal radiation measurement includes a measurement obtained from the LANDSAT 8 Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS).6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal radiation measurement includes a measurement obtained from the LANDSAT 7 ETM+ and a measurement ...

Assisted Dosing of Aquatic Environments For Maintaining Water Quality Therein, and Systems, Methods, Apparatuses, and Software Relating Thereto

Methods of assisting human users with dosing of aquatic environments, such as aquariums, pools, hot tubs, ponds, etc., that utilize automated monitoring systems that continually monitor various parameters of the water in the aquatic environments. When one or more measured water parameters of an aquatic environment are out of tolerance, a dosing calculator uses water-quality information from a monitoring system to generate dosing instructions for a human user that instruct the user how to dose the aquatic environment with one or more additives that will put the one or more parameters back into tolerance. In some embodiments, input from a user is used to switch the monitoring system to a dosing mode from a normal monitoring mode to track the progress of the dosing more closely than the normal monitoring mode would. 1. A method of assisting a human user with dosing water in an aquatic environment with one or more additives to keep a water-quality parameter of the water within an acceptable range , the method comprising:receiving data concerning the water-quality parameter from a water-quality monitoring system monitoring the water of the aquatic environment;automatedly analyzing the data to determine whether or not the water-quality parameter is out of the acceptable range;when said analyzing reveals that the water-quality parameter is out of the acceptable range, automatedly determining dosing requirements for the one or more additives that, if added to the water in the aquatic environment, will put the water-quality parameter back into the acceptable range;automatedly issuing an alert to the human user indicating that dosing is required to bring the water-quality parameter back into the acceptable range; andautomatedly issuing dosing instructions that are based on the dosing requirements and are understandable by the human user.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said receiving data includes receiving data from a water-quality monitoring system having a ...

Total organic carbon meter provided with system blank function

A total organic carbon measuring device comprises: a sample supply unit that collects and supplies sample water; an oxidative decomposition unit that is connected to the sample supply unit and oxidizes organic matter contained in the sample water supplied from the sample supply unit to carbon dioxide; a carbon dioxide separation unit that transfers carbon dioxide from the sample water that has passed through the oxidative decomposition unit to measurement water consisting of deionized water; a conductivity measuring unit that measures the conductivity of the measurement water flowing from the carbon dioxide separation unit; and an arithmetic processing unit that calculates the TOC concentration of the sample water from a measured value obtained by the conductivity measuring unit. A measured value obtained by the conductivity measuring unit when pure water subjected to aeration treatment is allowed to pass through the oxidative decomposition unit of which oxidative decomposition function is turned off and then flows through a sample water channel is defined as a system blank value.

OIL IN WATER ANALYZER

An oil in water analyzer for measuring the concentration of hydrocarbons in an effluent stream. The oil in water analyzer has a valve system for acquiring a sample from an effluent stream. An extraction device is used for mixing a known volume of a solvent and the sample to produce a hydrocarbon/solvent mixture. A second valve is used for transporting the hydrocarbon/solvent mixture to a spectroscopic cell. It is at the spectroscopic cell where the concentration of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon/solvent mixture is evaluated. 1. An oil in water analyzer comprising:a) a valve system for acquiring a sample from an effluent stream;b) an extraction device for mixing a known volume of a solvent and the sample to produce a hydrocarbon/solvent mixture; andc) a second valve for transporting the hydrocarbon/solvent mixture to a spectroscopic cell, wherein the spectroscopic cell analyzes the concentration of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon/solvent mixture.2. The oil in water analyzer of claim 1 , wherein the results of the spectroscopic cell analysis are used to continuously adjust a dewatering/desalting process.3. The oil in water analyzer of claim 1 , wherein the effluent stream comprises water and a hydrocarbon material.4. The oil in water analyzer of claim 3 , wherein the amount of water in the effluent stream is at least 95 wt %.5. The oil in water analyzer of claim 3 , wherein the hydrocarbon material is at least 10 ppm.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is water-immiscible.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises a group of water-immiscible solvents comprising of: toluene claim 1 , xylene claim 1 , substituted aromatics claim 1 , mixed aromatics claim 1 , mixed hydrocarbons claim 1 , straight run gasoline claim 1 , saturated hydrocarbons and halogenated alkanes.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopy techniques utilized comprise of ultra violet spectroscopy claim 1 , visible spectroscopy claim 1 , infrared spectroscopy claim 1 , ...

Method and apparatus for monitoring deposition

The present invention concerns an apparatus for deposition monitoring in a water system comprising a deposition measurement system, a DC power supply connected to a conductive deposition monitoring surface and a counter electrode, the apparatus has a first treatment configuration and a second treatment configuration, wherein one of the treatment configurations removes biofilm from the conductive deposition monitoring surface, and the other treatment configuration removes inorganic scale deposition from the conductive deposition monitoring surface.

On-line detection of organic contaminant in condensate system of sugar production processes using fluorescence thechnology

A method of measuring contamination in fluid that is expelled from a food processing system is presented. The method of measuring is carried out with fluorescence. The fluid is typically allowed to enter into an energy transfer system, but if the contamination exceeds a certain level, the fluid should be prevented from entering the energy transfer system. The fluid is generally comprised of water expelled from a sugar processing operation.

OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS FROM STIMULATED LIQUIDS

Modular systems can be used for optical analysis, including in-situ analysis, of stimulated liquids. An excitation module can include a radiation sources, e.g., a laser, LED, lamp, etc. A detection module can include one or more detectors configured to receive spectral and/or temporal information from a stimulated liquid. Such systems can be used to identify or measure optical emissions including fluorescence or scattering. The efficient excitation of liquid samples and collection of emissions from the samples provides substantial, up to four-fold increase in the emission signal over prior systems. In an example, emission measurements can be conducted in an isolated sample compartment, such as using interchangeable modules for discrete sampling, flow-through sampling, or sampling via fiber probe. The systems and methods described herein can be used to characterize natural aquatic environments, including assessments of phytoplankton pigments, biomass, structure, physiology, organic matter, and oil pollution. 125-. (canceled)26. A system comprising:a liquid sampling module;an excitation module configured to provide an excitation energy to stimulate a liquid sample, using the liquid sampling module;a first collimating lens configured to receive an emission from the stimulated liquid sample and in response to pass a collimated emission;an optical filter configured to receive the collimated emission and in response to pass a spectrally filtered emission;a first emission detector configured to receive the spectrally filtered emission;a control circuit, coupled to the excitation module and the first emission detector, the control circuit configured to initiate the excitation module to at least one of provide the excitation energy or to initiate the first emission detector to receive the emission; anda processor circuit, coupled to the first emission detector, configured to obtain at least one of a spectral or temporal measurement of the received spectrally filtered ...

REMOTE MONITORING OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

A liquid monitoring system includes a remote measurement device located at a location of the fire hydrant that is in contact with water provided by a water main. The remote measurement device has sensors that measure characteristics of the water and a communication interface that transmits measured information to a communication network device that may be located elsewhere on the fire hydrant. The communication network device communicates with a communication network. 1. A system to measure one or more characteristics of a liquid within a water distribution system at a dry barrel fire hydrant , the system comprising: a valve plate including an exposed surface that is exposed to the water from the water distribution system while the valve is closed; and', 'a valve seat located at the valve plate opposite the exposed surface of the valve plate, wherein the valve seat seals the valve to prevent the flow of water from the water distribution system to the barrel of the dry barrel fire hydrant while the valve is closed, and wherein the valve seat is not sealed when the valve is open such that water flows from the water distribution system to the barrel of the dry barrel fire hydrant;, 'a valve of the dry barrel fire hydrant, wherein the valve controls flow of water from the water distribution system to a barrel of the dry barrel fire hydrant, the valve comprisinga remote measurement device located at the exposed surface of the valve plate, wherein the remote measurement device comprises at least one sensor capable of measuring information representative of the one or more characteristics of the liquid, and wherein the remote measurement device is configured to generate a warning based on a comparison of the one or more characteristics of the liquid to one or more thresholds;a first wireless communication interface located at the valve and coupled to the remote measurement device by a wired connection, wherein the first wireless communication interface is configured to ...

Single-Platform Integrated Aquatic Species and Habitat Sampling System

Low or no disturbance sampling can be accomplished such as through a single-platform aquatic species and habitat sampling system with data integration and rapid processing capabilities that can address the need for sampling at variable depths over varied habitats, along with the simultaneous collection of linked physical and biological data. The platform may be based on a 24-36 foot boat, and may include a net mouth opener brace for an adjustable concentrator net and smaller drift net which may be attached to an adjustable sample chamber, perhaps containing variable mesh capture nets as well as cameras, water sampling equipment, and water quality sensors integrated with a fish finder, GPS, and other monitoring and data recording equipment. The depth of the net mouth opener brace and sample chamber may be adjustable using a depth control.

Calibration Method for Water Hardness Measurement

Disclosed are methods that can be used to automatically calibrate a fluorescence-measuring instrument capable of continuously measuring the concentration of hardness in process water. The calibration method is used to compensate for drift of instrument and equipment, changes of operational conditions, and contamination of reagents and calibration standards. Calibration of the fluorescence-measuring instrument using the present calibration method improves both accuracy and repeatability for subsequent hardness concentration measurements. 1. A method of calibrating a fluorescence-measuring instrument for soluble magnesium , the method comprising:measuring background fluorescence of a low calibration standard solution comprising soluble magnesium;combining a magnesium-reactant solution comprising an inert fluorescing agent and a magnesium coordinating fluorescing reagent with the low calibration standard solution, thereby forming a combined low calibration standard solution comprising the inert fluorescing agent and a coordinated magnesium compound;measuring fluorometric responses of the inert fluorescing agent and the coordinated magnesium compound in the combined low calibration standard solution;measuring fluorometric response of an inert fluorescing agent in a high calibration standard solution comprising soluble magnesium and inert fluorescing agent;combining a magnesium-reactant solution with the high calibration standard solution, thereby forming a combined high calibration standard solution comprising inert fluorescing agent and the coordinated magnesium compound;measuring fluorometric responses of the inert fluorescing agent and the coordinated magnesium compound in the combined high calibration standard solution;calibrating the fluorescence-measuring instrument based on the measured fluorometric responses and known concentration of soluble magnesium and inert fluorescing agent in the low calibration standard solution and in the high calibration standard ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING DISSOLVED-HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION

The present invention is configured of: a gas control step in which a carrier gas that differs in thermal conductivity from hydrogen by a given value is chosen, and the flow rate thereof is controlled; a sample introduction step in which an aqueous solution sample is prepared and introduced into the carrier gas serving as a mobile phase and which is characterized in that the preparation of an aqueous solution sample comprises injecting an aqueous solution sample into a vessel, the inside of which is kept vacuum, to thereby conduct gas-liquid separation and collecting the gas-phase portion as a sample to be introduced; a separation step in which the hydrogen is separated from the aqueous solution sample on the basis of an adsorption/distribution equilibrium between the aqueous solution sample introduced into the mobile phase and the fixed phase of the column; a detection step; and a data processing step. 1. A method of measuring a concentration of hydrogen dissolved in an aqueous solution using gas chromatography , the method comprising:a gas control process for selecting a carrier gas having a predetermined difference in thermal conductivity from hydrogen and controlling a flow rate of the carrier gas;a sample introduction process for preparing an aqueous solution sample and introducing the prepared aqueous solution sample into the carrier gas, which functions as a mobile phase, wherein the preparation of the aqueous solution sample comprises injecting a desired amount of the aqueous solution sample into a vessel, an inside of which is maintained in a vacuum state, to thereby perform gas and liquid separation and collecting a gas-phase portion as a sample to be introduced;a separation process for separating hydrogen from the aqueous solution sample on a basis of equilibrium in adsorption and distribution between the aqueous solution sample introduced in the mobile phase and a stationary phase of a column;a detection process for detecting the separated hydrogen using ...

ONLINE CHLORINE ANALYZER

An embodiment provides an apparatus, including: a cartridge including a base and a lid; at least one fluid line located between the base and the lid of the cartridge; at least one heating element located either on the base or the lid and aligned in intimate contact with the at least one fluid line; at least one heat sensing element in intimate contact with the at least one fluid line, where the at least one heat sensing element is spaced downstream from the at least one heating element; a supply of power to the cartridge; and a processor in electrical communication with the cartridge that executes a program of instructions to: operate the at least one heating element to produce heating of the at least one fluid line at a first position; and operate the at least one heat sensing element to detect the heat of a fluid within the at least one fluid line at a position downstream of the first position. Other embodiments are described and claimed. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a cartridge comprising a base and a lid;at least two fluid lines located between the base and the lid of the cartridge;at least one heating element integral to either the base or the lid and aligned in intimate contact with the at least two fluid lines;at least one heat sensing element in intimate contact with the at least two fluid lines, wherein the at least one heat sensing element is spaced downstream from the at least one heating element;a power supply for the cartridge; and operate the at least one heating element to produce heating of the at least two fluid lines at a first position prior to introduction of fluid to the at least two fluid lines and for a predetermined amount of time;', 'operate the at least one heating element to discontinue heating of the at least two fluid lines at the first position after the predetermined amount of time has passed;', 'introduce fluid into the at least two fluid lines upstream from the first position; and', 'operate the at least one heat sensing element to ...

SEALED WATER SAMPLING DEVICE

A sealed cylindrical-type frame with an O-ring sealed lid, and an opening mechanism sealed with O-rings and tension from a coiled spring for water sampling, that may be lowered to a predetermined depth of water without contamination from travel through other depths of water, and may be raised from depths of water without contamination from travel through other depths of water and from travel through air. 1. An apparatus for a sealed water sampling device , comprising:a cylindrical-type frame made from a solid material with a narrow mouth and lip where water may enter, with a spring sealed lid to prevent contamination;wherein at least one end of the device is sealed at all times to prevent contamination of the water sample.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the opening mechanism is sealed by O-rings and tension from a coiled spring claim 1 , and the assembled apparatus is attached to a rod adaptor for lowering to a predetermined depth without contamination. This application claims the benefit of, and priority to, U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 62/356,460, titled “SEALED WATER SAMPLING DEVICE” and filed on Jun. 29, 2016, the entire specification of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The disclosure relates to the field of water sampling devices, and more particularly to a sealed water sampling device that is suspended in water from a rod to preserve the integrity of the water sample from contamination.In the field of water sampling devices, typical sampling devices have at least one opening that often remains open to the air as well as to the water being sampled. Generally, these devices are lowered to a predetermined depth allowing water from all depths above the desired depth to enter the water sampling device; mixing the desired sample with other depths of water, therefore contaminating the desired water sample. When these open water sampling devices are raised out of the water the sample is then exposed to air when ...

LIBS ANALYSIS SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LIQUIDS

A LIBS analysis system and method for liquids wherein a handheld LIBS analyzer has a nose section through which a laser beam passes. A sample holder positioner is attached to the nose section of the hand held LIBS analyzer. A sample holder is receivable in the sample holder positioner and includes a container for a liquid and an opening for filling the container with the liquid. 1. A LIBS analysis system for liquids , the system comprising:a handheld LIBS analyzer with a nose section through which a laser beam passes;a sample holder positioner attached to the nose section of the hand held LIBS analyzer; and a container for liquid, and', 'an opening for filling the container with liquid., 'a sample holder receivable in the sample holder positioner and including2. The system of in which the nose section includes an end plate with an orifice therethrough for the laser beam and the positioner is affixed to the end plate.3. The system of in which the end plate is adapted for liquid samples and includes an enlarged orifice therethrough.4. The system of in which the positioner includes a socket about the end plate orifice and receiving the sample holder therein.5. The system of in which the sample holder opening is non-circular to dampen shock waves produced in the liquid by the laser beam.6. The system of in which the sample holder top opening is oval-shaped.7. The system of in which the sample holder further includes a standoff spacing the top opening from the end plate when the sample holder is placed in the positioner.8. The system of in which the standoff includes a rim about the opening.9. The system of in which the sample holder includes a top surface and the opening is in the top surface.10. The system of in which the sample holder is filled with liquid forming a liquid meniscus above the opening.11. The system of in which the handheld LIBS analyzer is configured to direct the laser beam at a location on the liquid meniscus other than at the apex of the liquid ...

PIPE SENSORS

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are provided for detecting and determining conditions of and conditions within a fluid conduit. 1. A method of measuring pressure in a pipe using a hoop stress sensor , the method comprising:measuring a resistance or strain of the hoop stress sensor;analyzing the resistance or strain of the hoop stress sensor to determine an event of a pipe; andreporting the event to an external device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measured resistance or strain is a change in resistance or strain over time.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determined event is a pressure of the pipe.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprisingdetecting a pipe condition trigger; andapplying a voltage across the hoop stress sensor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring the resistance is performed continuously over a first time period.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprisingdetermining a change in the resistance or strain as compared to a first threshold resistance or stain; andwherein the analyzing further comprises analyzing the change in the resistance or strain as compared to the first threshold resistance or strain.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:measuring a second resistance or strain of a second hoop stress sensor; andanalyzing the resistance or strain of the hoop stress sensor and the second resistance or stain of the second hoop stress sensor to determine the event of the pipe.8. A processing module comprising:a hoop stress sensor;a power source; and apply a voltage across the hoop stress sensor,', 'measure a voltage across the hoop stress sensor,', 'analyze the voltage across the hoop stress sensor to determine an event of a pipe, and', 'transmit, using the communications unit, data representative of the event to an external device., 'a controller with a communications unit, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the hoop stress sensor and the power source, and configured to9. The processing module of ...

MEASURING CONCENTRATION OF ANALYTES IN LIQUID SAMPLES USING SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

A hand-held microfluidic testing device is provided that includes a housing having a cartridge receiving port and a cartridge for input to the cartridge receiving port. An optical detection system in the housing is capable of providing an illuminated electric field useful for Raman spectroscopy. The cartridge may have a sample well. The sample well is loaded with a mixture of water containing the analyte, Raman-scattering nanoparticles and a calibration solution. The calibration solution contains an analogue of the analyte differing in its Raman response, for example an isotope of the analyte. Optionally, a chemical compound capable of increasing interaction between the analyte and the nanoparticles may be added. 1. A method of measuring the amount of an analyte in water , the method comprising the steps of:obtaining a sample of water of known volume containing an analyte;mixing a known amount of an isotopologue with the sample;mixing Raman-scattering nanoparticles with the sample;producing a Raman spectrum of the mixture; and,performing a ratiometric analysis of peaks or bands within the Raman spectrum corresponding to the analyte and the isotopologue within the Raman spectrum to quantify the analyte.2. The method of wherein the analyte is a molecular anion and the isotopologue is a molecular anion with all oxygen atoms substituted with O.3. The method of further comprising adding an amine to the mixture and adjusting the pH to 5.0 or less.4. The method of wherein the analyte is selenate and the isotopologue is a sulfate isotopologue or a selenate isotopologue containing four atoms of O.5. The method of comprising adding cysteamine or cystamine to the mixture.6. The method of wherein the analyte is perchlorate or chromate and the isotopologue is a heavy-oxygen isotopologue of perchlorate.7. The method of wherein comprising adding a thiol compound to the mixture and adjusting the pH of the mixture to 1.8-3.0.8. The method of wherein the analyte is a molecular cation ...

TECHNIQUES FOR TOXIC METAL DETECTION AND SPECIATION IN AQUEOUS MATRICES

An in-situ measurement apparatus automatically draws aqueous samples on an intermittent or ad-hoc basis and measures specific metal specie concentration. The apparatus can perform both raw measurement of specific metal specie, as well as processing to convert other species of the same metal to the specific metal specie or to destroy or remove unwanted masking agents (e.g. organics). In one application, “dirty” water from a scrubber is measured for Se(IV) presence (using a renewable voltametric system), both with and without the masking agents present; in addition, selective processing converts other selenium species to Se(IV), permitting assessment of total selenium and measurement of Se(VI) presence. Automated reactions can then be taken to remove detected toxic substances from waste water without excess reliance on treatment chemicals, and so as to ensure that only water complaint with regulatory standards is released into the environment. 1. An apparatus for the measurement of metal concentration in an aqueous matrix , the apparatus comprising:an extraction mechanism to draw samples of the aqueous matrix from a supply;a measurement device to measure concentration of a specific chemical specie of a predetermined metal;a subsystem to process at least one of the samples using predetermined processing, the predetermined processing including at least one of chemical processing, heat processing or ultraviolet light exposure, to create one or more processed samples;a transfer mechanism to transfer samples to the measurement device for measurement of the concentration of the specific chemical specie of the predetermined metal, including at least one of the one or more processed samples, and a sample drawn from the supply which has not been subjected to the predetermined processing; anda control system;wherein the predetermined processing further comprises at least one of removal of an organic material from one of the samples drawn from the supply, or conversion of a ...

System and Method for Chemical Contamination Detection and Decontamination Certification

A portable chemical contaminant detection system and related method is provided. The detection system includes a detector having one or more probes and associated detector circuitry that is in communication with a mobile device. The system is in communication with a remotely located server, where the detection system transmits contaminant detection signals while measuring a fluid from a product or a container of a chemical used on the product. The contaminant detection signals are transmitted in real-time and the detection system receives contaminant level information determined by the server. The server may process data from multiple probes to track multiple contaminants or a single contaminant based on the multiple different probe data from a single detector. The system displays real-time decontamination feedback and displays process completion notification or automatically implements decontamination shut-off. The server tracks location information and contaminant levels for products and communicates with third party certification servers. 1. A chemical contaminant detection system comprising:a portable detector having a probe and detector circuitry for detecting a predetermined contaminant in a fluid sample; and wirelessly receive contaminant detection data from the portable detector and transmit the contaminant detection data from the portable detector to a remotely located processor in real-time; and', 'receive and display on the mobile device real-time contaminant level data processed by the remotely located processor from the contaminant detection data., 'a mobile device configured to2. The chemical contaminant detection system of claim 1 , wherein the system is mobile and sized to be hand-held.3. The chemical contaminant detection system of claim 1 , wherein the portable detector comprises a plurality of probes claim 1 , each of the probes configured to detect a different contaminant.4. The chemical contaminant detection system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Device And Method For Measuring The Total Organic Carbon Content Of A Sample Fluid

A device for measuring the total organic carbon content (TOC) of a sample fluid comprises a measuring cell (2) defining a volume (3) for containing a sample fluid and an excimer lamp (20) arranged to cause an oxidation reaction of the sample fluid by emitting radiation onto the sample fluid in the volume (3). A pair of electrodes is arranged to measure the conductivity of the sample fluid during the oxidation reaction and at least one temperature senor (31) is arranged on the measuring cell (2) to measure a temperature that is related to the sample fluid. The total organic carbon content (TOC) of the sample fluid is determined on the basis of the measured conductivity compensated by the temperature related to the sample fluid.

Methods, Assays and Kits for Detecting Exposure to Cyanotoxins

Methods and kits for the detection of toxic cyanobacteria in a sample by analyzing the sample for the presence antibodies raised in a host, where the presence of antibodies is indicative of toxic cyanobacteria, are described. 1. A method for the detection of toxic cyanobacteria in a sample from a host , comprising: analyzing the sample for the presence antibodies raised in the host , wherein the presence of the antibodies is indicative of toxic cyanobacteria.2. A method for the detection of toxic cyanobacteria in an assay , comprising: analyzing the sample for the presence antibodies complexed to an immobilized microcystin , wherein the presence of the antibodies is indicative of toxic cyanobacteria.3. A method for the detection of microcystins in a sample , comprising:a) providing a substrate coated with a protein capable of conjugating with the ADDA region of microcystin;b) adding dilutions of the sample to the coated substrate;c) washing excess sample from the coated substrate,d) detecting any bound anti-ADDA antibodies from the sample using a labeled antibody; and,e) adding an enzymatic substrate to produce a visible signal, which indicates the presence of microcystins in the sample.4. A method of claim 1 , wherein the antibodies detected are against the ADDA region of microcystins/nodularins.5. A method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises blood of a subject suspected of being exposed to cyanobacteria.6. A method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises an environmental sample containing one or more cyanobacterial organisms.7. A method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprise salt water or freshwater.8. A method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is from a blue-green algal bloom.9. A method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is taken days claim 1 , weeks claim 1 , or longer after cyanotoxin exposure.10. A method of claim 1 , wherein the toxin is selected from the group consisting of microcystins claim 1 , nodularins claim 1 , anatoxin-a claim 1 , anatoxin-a(S) ...

pH MEASUREMENT OF AN AQUEOUS SAMPLE

An embodiment provides a device for measuring pH in an aqueous sample, including: at least one measurement electrode comprising a first carbon region, wherein the carbon region comprises a single pH sensitive carbon region, wherein the single pH sensitive carbon region of the measurement electrode is a sp2 carbon region of a boron doped diamond-based pH electrode; at least one reference electrode; at least one auxiliary electrode; and a memory storing instructions executable by a processor to identify a pH of an aqueous sample by measuring an electrical potential between the at least one measurement electrode and the at least one reference electrode. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Multi-Parameter Water Analysis System with Analysis Application Updateable via a Cloud-Based Data Resource

Multi-parameter water analysis system with a water parameter sensing device configured to wirelessly provide detector data and a smart phone displayable indicator of water analysis test results that are calculated by an analysis application that is updateable via a cloud-based data resource to account for a manufacturing change in indicator chemistry and/or an improvement in test result display. The water parameter sensing device includes an optical sensing apparatus configured to detect light from each of a plurality of indicators for different parameters when the indicator and a chemical parameter are exposed to each other, a processor to process information of the detected light, and wireless communication circuitry for communicating detector data based on the information about the detected light to a remote device. Social networking of water quality data allows sharing to other users. 1. A multi-parameter water analysis system comprising: an optical sensing apparatus configured to detect light produced by an interaction of a chemical parameter in the water and an indicator when the indicator and the chemical parameter are exposed to each other, the indicator selected by a user, the optical sensing apparatus capable of detecting light from a plurality of different user selectable indicators for different chemical parameters in water;', 'a processor in communication with the optical sensing apparatus for receiving information about the detected light, the processor configured to process information about the detected light for a plurality of different indicators; and', 'a wireless communication circuitry in electrical connectivity with the processor for wirelessly communicating detector data based on the information about the detected light from the water parameter sensing device to a remote device; and, 'a water parameter sensing device includinga mobile smart phone device configured to display test results for the chemical parameter to the user, the test results ...

COMBINED WATER CUT AND SALINITY METER

Disclosed is a flow meter and method for measuring water cut and salinity of a multiphase mixture. The water-cut meter includes a conduit configured to receive the multiphase mixture, and a probe array configured to measure a cross-sectional area of the conduit. The probe array includes a plurality of coaxial probes connected in parallel. Optionally, the probe array is configured to operate at a single high frequency, for example, 1 to 3 GHz, to minimize conductivity loss relative to capacitance. The flow meter further includes a processor configured to transmit a signal to the probe array and to receive a reflected signal from the probe array using a single channel. The processor is further configured to calculate the water cut and the salinity of the multiphase mixture based on a single complex permittivity of the multiphase mixture calculated from the received reflected signal. 1. A flow meter for measuring water cut and salinity of a multiphase mixture , the flow meter comprising:a conduit configured to receive the multiphase mixture;a probe array configured to measure a cross-sectional area of the conduit, wherein the probe array comprises a plurality of coaxial probes connected in parallel; and ground all but one of the coaxial probes in the probe array,', 'transmit a signal to the probe array, and', 'receive a reflected signal from the probe array,, 'a processor configured to'}wherein the processor is configured to transmit the signal and receive the reflected signal using a single channel between the probe array and the processor,wherein the processor is configured to calculate the water cut and the salinity of the multiphase mixture based on a single complex permittivity of the multiphase mixture calculated from the received reflected signal of each non-grounded coaxial probe, andwherein the single complex permittivity is an average of the complex permittivity of the multiphase mixture measured by each non-grounded coaxial probe.2. The flow meter of claim 1 ...

SUBSTRATE WITH MAGNETIC LAYER FOR SERS, METHODS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USES THEREOF

The present application relates, for example, to substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), to methods for their preparation and to uses of such SERS substrates in methods for the detection of an analyte in a sample. The SERS substrates of the present application comprise a support material, a layer of a SERS-active metal on the support material, and a layer of magnetically active nanoparticles on the layer of the SERS-active metal. The methods of preparing such SERS substrates comprise depositing a layer of a SERS-active metal on a support material, and depositing a layer of magnetically active nanoparticles on the layer of the SERS-active metal. 1. A substrate for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) , comprising:a support material;a layer of a SERS-active metal on the support material; anda layer of magnetically active nanoparticles on the layer of the SERS-active metal.2. The SERS substrate of claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises glass or plastic and has a thickness of from about 1.0 mm to about 1.2 mm.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The SERS substrate of claim 1 , wherein the SERS-active metal is gold claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , silver or copper.6. The SERS substrate of claim 5 , wherein the SERS-active metal is gold.7. The SERS substrate of claim 1 , wherein the layer of the SERS-active metal has a thickness of from about 2.5 nm to about 7.5 nm.8. (canceled)9. The SERS substrate of claim 1 , wherein the magnetically active nanoparticles comprise iron oxide.10. The SERS substrate of claim 9 , wherein the magnetically active nanoparticles are capped.11. (canceled)12. The SERS substrate of claim 10 , wherein the magnetically active nanoparticles are ferrimagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.13. (canceled)14. The SERS substrate of claim 1 , wherein the magnetically active nanoparticles are uncapped.15. The SERS substrate of claim 14 , wherein the magnetically active nanoparticles are ferrimagnetic cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles.16. ...

Water Vapor Distillation Apparatus, Method and System

A system for product water output. The system includes a controller, a first conductivity sensor in communication with the controller, a first product valve downstream from the first conductivity sensor and in communication with the controller, a second product valve downstream from the first product valve and in communication with the controller, a second conductivity sensor downstream from the second product valve and in communication with the controller, and a divert valve downstream from the first conductivity sensor and upstream from the first product valve and in communication with the controller. 1. A method for determining the quality of product water output comprising:providing a controller;providing a first conductivity sensor in communication with the controller;providing a first product valve downstream from the first conductivity sensor and in communication with the controller;providing a second product valve downstream from the first product valve and in communication with the controller;providing a second conductivity sensor downstream from the second product valve and in communication with the controller;providing a divert valve downstream from the first conductivity sensor and upstream from the first product valve and in communication with the controller;the controller comparing the conductivity from the first conductivity sensor and the second conductivity sensor; andif the conductivity from the first conductivity sensor differs more than a threshold amount from the conductivity of the second conductivity sensor, indicating a fault condition.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the first conductivity sensor determining that the conductivity of product water is not within a first acceptable range and opening the divert valve and maintaining the first product valve and second product valve in a closed position.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the first conductivity sensor determining that the conductivity of product water is ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR FOR LEAD DETECTION

A sensor for detecting lead in an aqueous solution includes a copper working electrode, a counter electrode, a power supply for applying underpotential deposition of lead onto the copper electrode, a measuring device for providing measurement of a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) current on the Pb-modified electrode, and a controller configured to correlate the degree of suppression of the HER current to Pbcoverage to determine the lead coverage and lead concentration of the solution. 1. A sensor for detecting lead in an aqueous solution , the sensor comprising:a copper working electrode for placement in the aqueous solution,a counter electrode for placement in a the aqueous solution,a power supply for applying underpotential deposition of lead onto the copper electrode,{'sub': 'upd', 'a measuring device for providing measurement of a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) current on the Pb-modified electrode, and'}{'sub': 'upd', 'a controller configured to correlate the degree of suppression of the HER current to Pbcoverage to determine the lead coverage and lead concentration of the solution.'}2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the counter electrode comprises gold claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , silver claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , or alloys thereof.3. The sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a reference electrode.4. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the copper working electrode has a needle-like dendritic surface profile.5. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the needle-like dendritic surface profile of the copper working electrode is defined by an under Zn dendrite potentiostatic plating.6. A method of detecting lead in an aqueous sample claim 1 , the method comprising:immersing a sensor in an aqueous sample, the sensor including a copper working electrode and a counter electrode;biasing the copper working electrode at a cathodic potential effective to facilitate underpotential deposition of a lead monolayer on a surface of the copper working electrode; ...

Systems, Devices, and Methods for Managing Data

Apparatus, devices, systems, and techniques are disclosed herein to manage digital data generated as part of a manufacturing process. A data management device may be operatively coupled to one or more instruments via cables connected to data ports provided in the instruments. The data management device may be configured to communicate with the instruments via these wired connections. The data management device may be network-enabled such that it is capable of communicating with servers and/or remote computing devices via a network. Upon executing a test, the data management device may collect the data from the instruments and form a digital record. The digital record may include measurement information and compliance information associated with the test that was performed. The data management device may be configured to store the digital record or the test data. 1. A device , comprising:a pillar extending upward from a base;a plurality of data ports positioned on a first sidewall of the pillar, each data port being configured to receive data output from a serial port of a water activity meter; anda touchscreen user interface coupled to a second sidewall of the pillar different from the first sidewall, the touchscreen user interface being angled relative to the first sidewall such that the touchscreen user interface defines a viewing angle, the touchscreen user interface being configured to output the received data and received commands from a user.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:an arm extending from the second sidewall of the pillar configured to suspend the touchscreen user interface above a top surface of the base, wherein the touchscreen user interface is coupled to the arm.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the arm is angled relative to the first sidewall of the pillar.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein a first distance between a first end of the arm and the first sidewall is less than a second distance between a second end of the arm and the ...

PROBE FOR DETECTING TRACE URANYL IONS AND PORTABLE ECL DETECTOR BASED ON THE SAME

A high-sensitivity, high-selectivity and portable detection method for trace uranyl ion is described. The method has an ultralow detection limit of 11 pM/2.6 ppt and is useful in precise monitoring of the uranium content in agricultural and sideline products, foods, environments and so on. The test instrument is miniaturized and low in cost to achieve high-precision portable measurement in the field. A conjugated polymer with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) activity is synthesized, and prepared into Pdots, and a uranyl-responsive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe is developed by modifying the Pdots with DNA or RNA, which serves as an adsorption ligand of uranyl ion. The probe exhibits good biocompatibility. The ECL technology can be used in uranyl ion detection and the method has extremely high sensitivity. A uranyl ion probe with AIE activity is also disclosed, which can be applied in portable precise monitoring of trace uranyl ion by means of the ECL technology. 3. The preparation method according to claim 2 , wherein in Step (2) claim 2 , the particle size of the conjugated polymer dots is 10 nm-200 nm.4. The preparation method according to claim 2 , wherein in Step (2) claim 2 , the concentration of the aqueous solution of the conjugated polymer dots is 0.01-1.00 mg/mL.5. An ECL detector for detecting trace uranyl ions claim 1 , wherein the ECL detector detects trace uranyl ions in the presence of an amine co-reactant reagent claim 1 , and the ECL detector comprises a working electrode modified with the probe for detecting trace uranyl ions according to .6. The ECL detector according to claim 5 , comprising:an electric signal applying unit;a luminescence cell for accommodating a test solution and the amine co-reactant reagent,a photomultiplier tube which is provided facing directly the luminescence cell; anda signal amplifying and processing unit;wherein a positive and a negative electrode of the electric signal applying unit are respectively connected to ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING TO A DRIVER OF A VEHICLE CARRYING A MIXTURE REAL-TIME INFORMATION RELATING TO A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MIXTURE

Information relating to a change made to a concrete mixture in a concrete mixer truck is obtained. An expected value of a selected characteristic of the concrete mixture is determined based on the change. A representation of the expected value is displayed on a processing device located in a cab of the concrete mixer truck. In one embodiment, the mixture comprises a concrete mixture. The change may comprise an addition of water to the mixture. 1. A system comprising:at least one memory storing computer program instructions; and obtaining, from a device in a vehicle, information relating to a change made to a mixture while the mixture is being transported in the vehicle;', 'determining an expected value of a selected characteristic of the mixture based on the change; and', 'causing a communication device to display a web page that includes a representation of the expected value., 'at least one processor configured to execute the computer program instructions which, when executed on the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the change comprises an addition of a chemical to the mixture.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mixture is produced based on a formulation claim 1 , 'causing the communication device to display a graphical representation of a gauge, wherein an indicator of the gauge indicates a difference between the expected value and a second value of the characteristic determined based on the formulation.', 'the operations further comprising4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the graphical representation of a gauge includes an indication of whether or not the difference is within a predetermined tolerance.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein:the mixture is a concrete mixture; andthe vehicle is a concrete mixing truck.6. A method of managing information claim 1 , the method comprising:determining a change made to a mixture during transport of the mixture in a vehicle; ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING FLUSHING APPARATUS AND RELATED INTERFACES

The present disclosure relates to maintaining water quality in a water distribution by controlling a flushing apparatus. In one example implementation, a flushing apparatus performs steps comprising flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a residual flush program, flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a turbidity flush program, flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a pH flush program, and flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a time-based flushing program. 1. A method of maintaining water quality in a water distribution system using a flushing and sampling station , comprising:flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a residual flush program stored in a memory of the flushing and sampling station based on a plurality of residual flush parameters when it is determining that a residual level command to flush the water distribution system is active, the residual level command to flush being triggered by a residual set point level;flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a turbidity flush program stored in the memory of the flushing and sampling station based on a plurality of turbidity flush parameters when it is determining that a turbidity command to flush the water distribution system is active, the turbidity command to flush being triggered by a turbidity set point level;flushing the water distribution system in accordance with a pH flush program stored in the memory of the flushing and sampling station based on a plurality of pH flush parameters when it is determining that a pH command flush the water distribution system is active, the pH command to flush being triggered by a pH set point level; andflushing the water distribution system in accordance with a time-based flushing program stored in the memory of the flushing and sampling station based on at least one program parameter when it is determined that the flushing program is active.2. The method of ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR NEAR-INFRARED BASED WATER CUT MONITORING IN MULTIPHASE FLUID FLOW

Embodiments of systems and methods for characterizing multiphase flow (MPF) of fluid and enhancing measuring and monitoring of a full range of water cut in a portion of a pipe for oil-related operations are provided. An embodiment of a system can include a flow director to direct the MPF between paired wide-band near-infrared (NIR) emitters and detectors electrically coupled to signal conditioning, processing, and characterizing modules to determine absorption and scattering of MPF and define and display MPF characteristics for measuring and monitoring in oil-related operations. 1. A system to characterize multiphase flow (MPF) of fluid and enhance measuring and monitoring a full range of water cut for the total flow volume in a portion of a pipe for oil-related operations , the system comprising:a flow director anchored within a portion of a pipe and positioned circumferentially within and closely adjacent an inner surface of the pipe to direct MPF through the portion of the pipe for a full range of water cut towards the inner surface of the portion of the pipe;a plurality of wide-band Near-Infra Red (NIR) sources, coupled to and positioned spaced-apart along the flow director within the portion of the pipe, to generate one or more wide-band NIR signals;a plurality of wide-band NIR detectors, mounted to and positioned circumferentially along an outer surface of the portion of the pipe and being correspondingly paired through at least one optical window with the plurality of wide-band NIR sources positioned within the portion of the pipe, to detect the one or more generated wide-band NIR signals passing through a medium;a photo multiplier electrically coupled to the plurality of wide-band NIR detectors to accumulate and amplify each of the generated one or more wide-band NIR signals and the detected one or more wide-band NIR signals; processing responsive to each of an amplified generated one or more wide-band NIR signals and an amplified detected one or more wide- ...

APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A MEASURED VALUE OF A MEASURAND IN PROCESS AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS METHOD OF USE

The disclosure includes an apparatus for determining a measured value in a liquid medium, comprising at least a light transmitter, at least one light receiver assigned to the transmitter, a measuring chamber that can be filled with the medium, wherein an optical path runs through the measuring chamber from the transmitter to the receiver. The apparatus includes a dosing apparatus for dosing at least one reagent and/or the medium, and for inserting the dosed reagent and/or the medium into the measuring chamber. The dosing apparatus is designed as a tube, and the tube includes at least a first control point, wherein the volume in the tube from a starting point to a first control point defines the amount of reagent or medium to be inserted into the measuring chamber. The disclosure further includes the use of the apparatus and a method for dosing the reagent. 1. An apparatus for determining a measured value of a measurand in a liquid medium by means of an optical sensor comprising:at least one transmitter for transmitting transmitted light;at least one receiver associated with the transmitter for receiving received light;a measuring chamber, wherein an optical measuring path extends through the measuring chamber from the transmitter to the receiver;at least one dosing apparatus structured to generate a dosage of at least one reagent and/or the medium and for providing the dosage of the at least one reagent and/or the medium into the measuring chamber, wherein the dosing apparatus is a tube including a first control point, and wherein a volume of the tube from a starting point to the first control point defines the amount of a reagent or the medium to be provided into the measuring chamber; anda superordinate unit configured to generate an excitation signal to produce the transmitted light,wherein the transmitted light is converted into the received light by means of interaction along the measuring path in the measuring chamber with the at least one reagent and the ...

Surveillance system with electricity converting module and sensors and method thereof

A surveillance system with electricity converting module and sensors and method thereof are described. The surveillance system with electricity converting module and sensors and method thereof for converting dynamic energy into electrical energy by the electricity converting module, for sensing at least one status of fluid by the sensors, and for determining whether to issue the at least one status, a charging status and a power status to a remote server wherein the surveillance system and method thereof are used in a fluid transferring apparatus, such as water, oil and/or liquid related devices, to implement the interconnections based on the Internet of Things (IOT). Further, the power supply of the surveillance system becomes self-sufficient advantageously and it is not required to exchange the dry battery in the surveillance system.

SHIP EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, AND EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT METHOD

An equipment management system for a ship includes a communicating part that acquires from the ship by radio notification information including one piece of state information, or two or more pieces of state information selected from pieces of state information on at least ballast water process equipment, boiler equipment, and water desalination process equipment loaded on the ship, and a processing part that extracts the pieces of state information on the ballast water process equipment, the boiler equipment, or the water desalination process equipment from the notification information acquired from the ship, produces management information including drug information at least necessary for the ballast water process equipment, the boiler equipment, or the water desalination process equipment, and causes the communicating part to send out the management information to the ship sending out at least the notification information. 1. An equipment management system comprising:a communicating part that acquires from a ship by radio notification information including one piece of state information, or two or more pieces of state information selected from pieces of state information on at least ballast water process equipment, boiler equipment, and water desalination process equipment loaded on the ship; anda processing part that extracts the pieces of state information on the ballast water process equipment, the boiler equipment, or the water desalination process equipment from the notification information acquired from the ship, produces management information including drug information at least necessary for the ballast water process equipment, the boiler equipment, or the water desalination process equipment, and causes the communicating part to send out the management information to the ship sending out at least the notification information.2. The equipment management system according to claim 1 , whereinthe processing part causes the communicating part to send out the ...

TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON METER

A total organic carbon meter including a sample introduction mechanism that includes a case in which a sample introduction and rod opening is formed; a sample introduction rod at the front end part of which a sample tray is arranged and which is inserted in the set direction through the sample introduction and rod opening; and a cover formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sample introduction rod, wherein the insertion of the sample introduction rod, on the front end part of which a sample tray has been arranged, through the sample introduction and rod opening, causes the gap between the sample introduction and rod opening and the sample introduction rod to be closed by the cover. 1. A total organic carbon meter comprising:a sample tray on which a sample has been placed is arranged inside a sample introduction mechanism connected to one end of a combustion tube and is then moved by a sample introduction rod in a set direction from one end of said combustion tube toward the other end, and is thereby arranged inside the central part of said combustion tube which is inside a combustion furnace, and organic material inside said sample combusts, characterized in that: a case in which a sample introduction and rod opening is formed;', 'a sample introduction rod at the front end part of which a sample tray is arranged and which is inserted in said set direction through the sample introduction and rod opening; and', 'a cover formed on the outer circumferential surface of said sample introduction rod, wherein the insertion of the sample introduction rod, on the front end part of which a sample tray has been arranged, through the sample introduction and rod opening, causes the gap between said sample introduction rod opening and said sample introduction rod to be closed by the cover., 'said sample introduction mechanism comprises2. The total organic carbon meter as described in claim 1 , characterized in that said cover is formed so as to be movable in the ...

SPECTROMETRIC IONIC IMPURITY MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHOD

A method for detecting and measuring the amount of an ionic impurity, notably formula (A) and/or formula (B) in a liquid sample, notably water, comprises: Introducing the liquid sample through a liquid inlet into a measurement cell, notably an optical cavity of an optical spectrometer; Causing vaporisation of the liquid sample by maintaining the pressure in the measurement cell below the saturated vapour pressure of the liquid sample; Causing the formation of gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity; Measuring the amount of the gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity in the measurement cell. 115-. (canceled)16. A method of detecting and measuring the amount of an ionic impurity in a liquid sample , the method comprising:introducing the liquid sample through a liquid inlet of an optical cavity of an optical spectrometer;causing vaporisation of the liquid sample by maintaining the pressure in the optical cavity below the saturated vapour pressure of the liquid sample;causing the formation of gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity;measuring the amount of the gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity in the optical cavity.17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the ionic impurity is selected from BrO claim 16 , NH claim 16 , CN claim 16 , HCOO claim 16 , CHCOO claim 16 , IO and (CH)NH.18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the ionic impurity is NH in water.19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the ionic impurity in the liquid sample comprises the ionic impurity in water.20. The method of claim 16 , wherein measuring the amount of the gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity in the optical cavity comprises measuring the amount of the gas-phase reaction product(s) of the ionic impurity in the optical cavity using cavity ring-down spectrometry.21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the cavity ring-down spectrometry is continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectrometry.22. The method of claim 16 , wherein measuring the amount of ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE UV TRANSMITTANCE OF WATER

Method for determining the UV transmittance of water in a UV disinfection plant, through which water flows, wherein the UV disinfection plant has a plurality of radiator arrangements, each with a UV radiation source, a sleeve tube which surrounds the UV radiation source and which has an end face at an open end, and with a UV-C sensor which detects the UV radiation emerging from the sleeve tube without the influence of the water, and with at least one further UV sensor which is arranged at a distance from the sleeve tubes of the radiator arrangements, wherein the method includes the following steps: measuring the UV radiant power emerging from the sleeve tube; measuring an amount of the transmitted radiant power by the further UV sensor; and determining the transmittance of the water by an amount of the emerged radiant power and of the transmitted radiant power. 18.-. (canceled)9. A method for determining an ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of water in a UV disinfection plant , through which water flows , wherein the UV disinfection plant includes:a plurality of radiator arrangements, each arrangement comprising a UV radiation source, a sleeve tube surrounding the UV radiation source and having an end face at an open end, and a UV-C sensor configured to detect UV radiation emerging from the sleeve tube without the influence of the water, andat least one further UV sensor arranged at a distance from (i) the sleeve tubes of the radiator arrangements and (ii) the UV radiation sources,wherein the method comprises:a) for at least one radiator arrangement, measuring with the UV-C sensor an amount of UV radiant power emerging from the sleeve tube;b) measuring with the at least one further UV sensor an amount of transmitted radiant power;c) determining the transmittance of the water based upon the amount of transmitted radiant power relative to the amount of emerged radiant power.10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the UV-C sensor is in optical connection with the ...

METHOD FOR ANALYZING HEAVY METAL REMOVAL EFFICIENCY USING PHASE DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS AND APPARATUS USING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a method for analyzing heavy metal removal efficiency using phase difference analysis and an apparatus using the method. The method for analyzing heavy metal removal efficiency using phase difference analysis includes applying a magnetic field to a magnetite onto which a heavy metal is adsorbed, based on a first solenoid coil and a second solenoid coil that have an identical winding direction, applying a high-frequency signal to the magnetite, based on a third solenoid coil having a winding direction that differs from that of the first solenoid coil and the second solenoid coil, detecting a high-frequency signal transformed by the magnetite, and calculating a phase difference between a previously detected default high-frequency signal and the transformed high-frequency signal, and analyzing an efficiency of heavy metal removal by the magnetite by measuring a concentration of the heavy metal based on the phase difference. 1. A method for analyzing heavy metal removal efficiency using phase difference analysis , comprising:applying a magnetic field to a magnetite onto which a heavy metal is adsorbed, based on a first solenoid coil and a second solenoid coil that have an identical winding direction;applying a high-frequency signal to the magnetite, based on a third solenoid coil having a winding direction that differs from that of the first solenoid coil and the second solenoid coil;detecting a high-frequency signal transformed by the magnetite, and calculating a phase difference between a previously detected default high-frequency signal and the transformed high-frequency signal; andanalyzing an efficiency of heavy metal removal by the magnetite by measuring a concentration of the heavy metal based on the phase difference.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the phase difference is configured to convert the default high-frequency signal and the transformed high-frequency signal into respective frequency functions based on a Fast Fourier ...

FLUID SAMPLE COLLECTION SYSTEM FOR PUMPED FLUID SOURCE

A fluid sample collection system for directly collecting a fluid sample from a fluid source includes a fluid collector and a fluid line. The fluid collector includes (i) a sample vial including a sample vial body and a vial cap that is selectively coupled and sealed to the sample vial body; (ii) a collector body that defines a passenger vial chamber, the sample vial being positioned at least partially within the passenger vial chamber during collection of the fluid; and (iii) a cap access facilitator that is configured to engage a portion of the sample vial to enable a user to selectively couple the vial cap to the sample vial body to seal the sample vial so that the fluid is retained within the sample vial. The fluid line extends between the fluid source and the fluid collector to substantially directly transmit the fluid sample to the fluid collector without exposing the fluid sample to the ambient environment that surrounds the fluid sample collection system. 125-. (canceled)26. A fluid sample collection system for directly collecting a fluid sample from a fluid source without exposing the fluid sample to an ambient environment that surrounds the fluid sample collection system , the fluid sample collection system comprising:a fluid collector including:(i) a sample vial that is configured to retain fluid from the fluid source, the sample vial including a sample vial body and a vial cap that is selectively coupled and sealed to the sample vial body;(ii) a collector body that defines a passenger vial chamber, the sample vial being positioned at least partially within the passenger vial chamber during collection of the fluid; and(iii) a cap access facilitator that is configured to engage a portion of the sample vial to enable a user to selectively couple the vial cap to the sample vial body to seal the sample vial so that the fluid is retained within the sample vial; anda fluid line that extends between the fluid source and the fluid collector, the fluid line being ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FILM FORMING AMINES IN A LIQUID

A photometric method for determination of a film forming amine in a liquid, comprises a) providing a buffer solution of a weak acid having a pKa≥4.5 and a strong acid having a pKa≤1; b) diluting an aliquot of the buffer solution with water, and determining the pH of said diluted buffer solution; c) adding reagent to said diluted buffer solution and measuring an initial absorbance of said diluted buffer/reagent solution; d) preparing a sample solution by adding liquid containing the film forming amine to an aliquot of the buffer solution and measuring the pH of the sample solution; e) adjusting the pH of the sample solution to match the pH of the diluted buffer solution by adding strong acid; and f) adding said reagent to the pH adjusted sample solution to form a colored complex, and measuring the absorbance of the resulting solution a photometer. 1. A method for the determination of a film forming amine in a liquid by adding a reagent to the liquid to form a colored complex of the amine and the reagent , wherein the colored complex is measured photometrically , the method comprising the steps of:a) Providing a buffer solution of a weak acid having a pKa≥4.5 and a strong acid having a pKa≤1;b) Diluting an aliquot of the buffer solution with a given volume of water, and determining a pH value of said diluted buffer solution;c) Adding a given amount of said reagent to said diluted buffer solution and measuring an initial absorbance of said diluted buffer solution containing the reagent;d) Preparing a sample solution by adding a given volume of the liquid containing the film forming amine to an aliquot of the buffer solution and measuring a pH value of the sample solution;e) Adjusting the pH value of the sample solution to match with the pH value of the diluted buffer solution by adding a calculated amount of the strong acid; andf) Adding a given amount of said reagent to the pH adjusted sample solution to form the colored complex and measuring the absorbance of the pH ...

AMPEROMETRIC CHLORINE DIOXIDE SENSOR

The present disclosure relates to an amperometric sensor for determining measurement values of a measurand representing a chlorine dioxide content of a measuring fluid, the sensor including a sensor housing in which a housing chamber is formed, a membrane sealing the housing chamber, a working electrode arranged within the housing chamber, a counter electrode arranged within the housing chamber, an inner electrolyte contained in the housing chamber and in contact with the membrane, the working electrode and the counter electrode, the inner electrolyte having a pH value between 3.5 and 9, inclusive, and a pH buffer stabilizing the inner electrolyte. The sensor further includes a measurement circuit electrically connected with the working electrode and the counter electrode and configured to apply a predetermined, constant voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode and to generate at least one measurement signal representing a measurement value of the measurand. 1. An amperometric sensor for determining measurement values of a measurand representing a chlorine dioxide content of a measuring fluid , comprising:a sensor housing defining a housing chamber;a membrane sealing the housing chamber at a distal end of the housing;a working electrode arranged within the housing chamber;a counter electrode arranged within the housing chamber;an inner electrolyte contained in the housing chamber and contacting with the membrane, the working electrode and the counter electrode, wherein the inner electrolyte has a pH value between 3.5 and 9, inclusive, and includes a pH buffer formulated to stabilize the pH value of the inner electrolyte; anda measurement circuit electrically connected with the working electrode and the counter electrode and configured to apply a predetermined, constant voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode and to generate a measurement signal representing a measurement value of the measurand using a current flowing ...

MULTI PARAMETER SWIMMING POOL FLUID ANALYSIS AND REGULATING METHOD AND DEVICE

There may be provided a system comprising a spectroscopic device; wherein the spectroscopic device is configured to analyze a fluid of a pool. 1. A system for determining the values of a multiplicity of kinetic parameters in a swimming-pool fluid , said parameters including at least: the pH level , the concentration of Hypochlorite ions (OCl—) , and the concentration of Cyanuric acid , said system comprising the following components:an integrated energy source;an integrated sensing detector package attached to the inside area of the swimming pool skimmer;integrated electronics coupled to said package for receiving a signal generated by the sensing detector, and providing output of the sensor measurement properties of the said sample of fluid;wherein said integrated electronics incorporate on-board data communications components, configured to output results to monitoring computer using wired or wireless communications.2. The system of wherein sensing detector package is having an optic sensing detector claim 1 , configured to perform spectroscopic measurements of the said fluid.3. The system of wherein sensing detector package is having a spectroscopic sensing detector claim 1 , configured to perform spectroscopic measurements of the said fluid.4. The system of wherein said integrated electronics incorporate a processor claim 1 , configured to analyze the signals generated by said spectroscopic sensing detector and obtain the values of the said multiplicity of kinetic parameters.5. The system of further comprising a sample window or cell claim 1 , adjacent to said package and dimensionally designed to match an active area of the spectroscopic sensing detector claim 1 , enabling the spectroscopic detector to perform spectroscopic measurements on a sample of the said fluid.6. The system of claim 3 , wherein the multiplicity of kinetic parameters in the swimming-pool fluid includes the Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) level.7. The system of claim 2 , wherein the ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTION AND DISPOSAL OF MICROORGANISMS AND DETECTION MODULE DISPOSED IN A WATER FLOW POINT

A system and method for the detection and elimination of microorganisms in a water flow. The method comprises the steps of: arranging at least one light emission element at a water flow point, arranging of at least one light capture element at the water flow point, detecting the presence of the microorganism through the first light emission event and eliminating the microorganism through the realization of a second light emission event. It also describes a detection module which can be positioned at a water flow point. 1. A method for the detection and elimination of microorganisms in a water flow , the method characterized by the fact of comprising the steps of:positioning at least one light emission element at a water flow point,positioning at least one light capture element at the water flow point,detecting the presence of the microorganism from the first light emission event, andeliminating the microorganism through the realization of a second light emission event.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the first light emission event also comprises the steps of:emitting a first beam of light at a target point,evaluating the behavior of the target point in response to the first beam of light emitted, based on the evaluation of the behavior of the target point, detecting the presence of the microorganism.3. The method according to claim 2 , characterized by the fact that the second light emission event also comprises the steps of:emitting a second beam of light at the target point if the micro-organism has been detected,eliminating the microorganism through the emission of the second beam of light.4. The method according to claim 3 , characterized by the fact that the step of evaluating the behavior of the target point also comprises the stage of:through the light capture element, measuring an initial bioluminescence level emitted by the target point, where the method also comprises the step of:comparing the initial bioluminescence ...

Sensor cleaning and calibration devices and systems

An electrode cleaning and calibration system generally comprises a sensor holder assembly machined from a block of solid acrylic or similar plastic material, which can accommodate a variety of types and sizes of sensors for use in monitoring and measurement of water processing and treatment processes. Examples of sensors suitable for use in the system include pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, chlorine sensors, ozone sensors, total suspended solid sensors, mixed liquor suspended solid sensors, ammonia sensors, monochloramine sensors, and ultraviolent transmittance sensors. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. A sensor cleaning and calibration system , comprising:a sensor holder assembly, comprising a block of solid plastic material, configured to receive and securely hold a sensor electrode by a mechanical interconnection, wherein the sensor electrode comprises an electrode tip and is configured to measure a parameter of a stream of an aqueous analyte, wherein the block of solid plastic material surrounds and defines an electrode column, the electrode column being configured to house the electrode tip of the sensor electrode;an analyte inlet for receiving the aqueous analyte stream;an analyte outlet for discharging the aqueous analyte stream;a check valve associated with the analyte inlet, configured to prevent backflow of the aqueous analyte stream;a main drain assembly, comprising a first drain valve, wherein the first drain valve is reconfigurable between an actuated configuration and a non-actuated configuration, wherein the first drain valve allows the aqueous analyte stream to flow into the electrode column when in the non-actuated configuration and drains the aqueous analyte stream away from the electrode column when in the actuated configuration;a secondary drain assembly, comprising a second drain valve, wherein the second drain valve is reconfigurable between an actuated configuration and a non-actuated configuration, ...

SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF AIR AND DRINKING WATER

A system for assessing the quality of air and/or drinking water, the system comprising: a plurality of sample traps, wherein each of the sample traps is configured to test for a different environmental contaminant, and further wherein at least some of the sample traps require air to be drawn through that sample trap at a particular rate, and for a particular time duration, in order to properly test for a particular environmental contaminant; a base unit, the base unit comprising: a pump for drawing air; a mount for connecting a sample trap to the pump so as to draw air through that sample trap when the pump is operated; a central processing unit (CPU) pre-programmed to operate the pump in a plurality of modes of operation, wherein each mode of operation causes the pump to draw air at a particular pump rate, and for a particular pump time duration; and a plurality of buttons communicating with the CPU, wherein activating a particular button causes the CPU to operate the pump in a particular mode of operation; and a marking scheme comprising a plurality of unique markings, wherein each of the buttons is marked with a different unique marking, and further wherein each of the at least some of the sample traps is marked with the same unique marking as the button which causes the pump to operate in the particular mode of operation required to draw air through that sample trap at the particular rate, and for the particular time duration, required for that sample trap to properly test for a particular environmental contaminant. 1. A system for assessing the quality of air and/or drinking water , said system comprising:a plurality of sample traps, wherein each of said sample traps is configured to test for a different environmental contaminant, and further wherein at least some of said sample traps require air to be drawn through that sample trap at a particular rate, and for a particular time duration, in order to properly test for a particular environmental contaminant; a ...

Long-term in-situ sampling and analysis device for sediment pore water and method thereof

The present application discloses a long-term, in-situ sampling and analysis device for sediment pore water and a method thereof. The long-term in-situ sampling and analysis device for sediment pore water includes a bracket, a probe, an elevator, a diverting device, a first water storage device, and a second water storage device, a peristaltic pump, a dissolved gas of sediment pore water analysis device and an in-situ environment measurement device. The present application can collect and store the sediment pore water in an in-situ, long-term and time-phased manner, and in low measuring error level.

WATER QUALITY ANALYZER AND METHOD FOR ANALYZING WATER QUALITY

Disclosed are a water quality analyzer and a method for analyzing water quality. The water quality analyzer includes a first disc system, a second disc system, a colorimetric system, a cleaning system, a mechanical sampling system, an analysis system and a central control display. The first disc system and the second disc system are axially rotatable. A plurality of sample locating positions and a chemical locating positions are provided on the first disc system along a circumference of the first disc system. A plurality of colorimetric cuvette locating positions are provided on the second disc system, and the colorimetric system is arranged at a circumference edge of the second disc system. The cleaning system and the mechanical sampling system are provided between the first disc system and the second disc system. The method includes water sampling, water sample injection, cleaning, reagent extraction, reagent injection, cleaning and colorimetric analysis. 1. A water quality analyzer , comprising a first disc system , a second disc system , a colorimetric system , a cleaning system , a mechanical sampling system , an analysis system and a central control display;wherein the first disc system and the second disc system are axially rotatable; a plurality of sample locating positions and a plurality of reagent locating positions are provided on the first disc system along a circumference of the first disc system; a plurality of colorimetric cuvettes locating positions are provided on the second disc system, and the colorimetric system is arranged at a circumference edge of the second disc system; the cleaning system and the mechanical sampling system are provided between the first disc system and the second disc system; the analysis system is connected to the colorimetric system to analyze a water quality parameter and send the water quality parameter to the central control display; andthe mechanical sampling system comprises a height control motor, a rotation control ...