УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ТРУБЫ В КОНСТРУКЦИИ НЕФТЯНОЙ СКВАЖИНЫ И СПОСОБ УКАЗАННОГО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к бурению скважин, в частности к способу измерения трубы в конструкции скважины и устройству для указанного измерения. Техническим результатом является повышение точности определения местоположения соединений на колонне для спуска инструментов или эксплуатационной колонне. Устройство для измерения трубы в конструкции скважины содержит трубчатое тело, проходящее между первым и вторым концами и имеющее внутреннюю поверхность, окружающую проход через него, и наружную поверхность, причем тело изготовлено из немагнитного легированного металла. Устройство дополнительно содержит пару фланцев, каждый из которых соединен с одним из первого или второго концов трубчатого тела и содержит проход через него, соответствующий проходу трубчатого тела, причем каждый из пары фланцев выполнен с возможностью линейного соединения с конструкцией скважины. Устройство дополнительно содержит по меньшей мере один датчиковый блок, который выполнен с возможностью расположения вокруг наружной части ...

ДАТЧИКОВАЯ СИСТЕМА СОСТОЯНИЯ БАРБОТАЖНОГО УСТРОЙСТВА

Предложенная группа изобретений относится к датчиковой системе состояния барботажного устройства, используемого для ввода пузырьков в системы флотации. Датчиковая система для барботажного устройства, которое содержит корпус и подвижный стержень в сборе для ввода пузырьков во флотационную систему, причем датчиковая система содержит датчик и мишень, которые выполнены с возможностью перемещения относительно друг друга, при этом один элемент из указанного датчика и указанной мишени расположен в корпусе, а другой расположен на подвижном стержне в сборе или прикреплен к нему. Датчик предназначен для измерения перемещения, в том числе положения и вибрации, относительно указанной мишени на основе перемещения указанного подвижного стержня в сборе. Датчиковая система выполнена с возможностью определения рабочих параметров барботажного устройства на основе анализа измерения перемещения указанного датчика относительно указанной мишени. Сеть датчиковых систем для барботажных устройств, предназначенных ...

МАГНИТОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНАЯ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНАЯ СХЕМА ДЛЯ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ТОКА

... 1. Магниточувствительная интегральная схема для стабилизации электрического тока, содержащая первичный преобразователь магнитного поля в электрический сигнал на основе эффекта Холла, имеющий две управляющих полевых системы типа металл-диэлектрик-полупроводник и два контакта для включения его непосредственно в цепь стабилизируемого тока, операционный усилитель и каскад сравнения выходного сигнала операционного усилителя со значением тока, который необходимо стабилизировать, при этом операционный усилитель и каскад сравнения образуют петлю обратной связи между контактами для снятия ЭДС Холла первичного преобразователя магнитного поля и электродами полевых затворов управляющей полевой системы первичного преобразователя магнитного поля. ! 2. Магниточувствительная интегральная схема для стабилизации электрического тока по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что она дополнительно содержит постоянный магнит, выполненный в виде ее основания.

ЭЛЕКТРОНАСОС С ДВИГАТЕЛЕМ НА ПОСТОЯННЫХ МАГНИТАХ

... 1. Электронасос с двигателем на постоянных магнитах, представляющий собой конструкцию с двусторонне опертым неподвижным валом без устройства контроля и содержащий: корпус насоса, треугольную переднюю опору, рабочее колесо, защитную оболочку, неподвижный вал и электродвигатель, отличающийся тем, что:корпус насоса содержит входное отверстие, выходное отверстие и проточный канал и используется для размещения в нем рабочего колеса, переднее упорное кольцо, установленное на внутренней стороне входного отверстия корпуса насоса, используется для сопряжения с упорным подшипником рабочего колеса для образования вместе аксиального упорного подшипника;треугольная передняя опора, соединенная с входным отверстием корпуса насоса, проходит через отверстие ступицы в аксиальном направлении для поддержки конца неподвижного вала;в корпусе насоса собрано рабочее колесо, треугольная передняя опора проходит через отверстие ступицы в аксиальном направлении и используется для поддерживания конца неподвижного вала ...

Hall-Sensoren und Abfühlverfahren

Ausführungsformen betreffen Sensorvorrichtungen (100) mit mehreren Kontakten und Verfahren zu deren Anwendung, die den Offset-Fehler reduzieren oder beseitigen können. In Ausführungsformen können Sensorvorrichtungen (100) drei oder mehrere Kontakte umfassen, und mehrere solcher Sensorvorrichtungen können kombiniert werden. Die Sensorvorrichtungen (100) können Hall-Sensorvorrichtungen, z. B. vertikale Hall-Vorrichtungen oder sonstige Arten von Sensoren, in Ausführungsformen umfassen. Es können Betriebsmodi für die Sensorvorrichtungen (100) mit mehreren Kontakten umgesetzt werden, die signifikante Modifikationen von und Verbesserungen gegenüber herkömmlichen Spinning-Current-Grundsätzen bieten, etwa reduzierten Rest-Offset. In einem ersten solchen Betriebsmodus, der hierin als Iu-Einprägung bezeichnet wird, wird der Sensor in allen Betriebsphasen mit dem gleichen Eingangsstrom versorgt, wobei die Ausgangsspannung aller Betriebszyklen abgefühlt und verarbeitet wird. In einem weiteren Betriebsmodus ...

ELEKTRONISCHE VORRICHTUNG MIT RINGVERBUNDENEN HALL-EFFEKT-REGIONEN

Eine elektronische Vorrichtung umfasst eine Anzahl von n Hall-Effekt-Regionen, wobei n > 1, wobei die n Hall-Effekt-Regionen voneinander isoliert sind. Die elektronische Vorrichtung umfasst ferner zumindest acht Kontakte in den oder auf Oberflächen der n Hall-Effekt-Regionen, wobei die Kontakte Folgende umfassen: einen ersten und einen zweiten Kontakt jeder Hall-Effekt-Region. Ein erster Kontakt der (k + 1).ten Hall-Effekt-Region ist mit dem zweiten Kontakt der k.ten Hall-Effekt-Region für k = 1 bis n 1 verbunden, und der erste Kontakt der ersten Hall-Effekt-Region ist mit dem zweiten Kontakt der n.ten Hall-Effekt-Region verbunden. Die zumindest acht Kontakte umfassen zumindest zwei Versorgungskontakte und zumindest zwei Erfassungskontakte. Jede Hall-Effekt-Region umfasst einen der zumindest zwei Versorgungskontakte und höchstens einen der zumindest zwei Erfassungskontakte.

Offset-reduziertes Hall-Element

Verbesserungen an einem mit Magnetfeld-Sonde arbeitenden Magnetfeldsensor

SENSOREINHEIT

Diese Sensoreinheit umfasst eine Basis mit einer im Wesentlichen rechteckigen, planaren Form umfassend eine erste Seite und eine zweite Seite, die im Wesentlichen orthogonal zueinander sind, und eine Vielzahl von ersten Sensoren, die auf der Basis vorgesehen und auf einer ersten Achse angeordnet sind. Die erste Achse ist im Wesentlichen parallel zu der ersten Seite und verläuft durch eine Mittenposition der Basis.

Sensoreinrichtung und Verfahren zur Signalübertragung zwischen Sensoreinrichtung und einer Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sensoreinrichtung mit einem Sensor (10), einem Konverter, der einen Modulator (13) und einen Demodulator (14) aufweist, und mit einer Signalübertragungsstrecke (18), die zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung (20) führt. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass die Signalübertragungsstrecke (18) zwischen Modulator (13) und Demodulator (14) liegt. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Übertragung eines Signals einer Sensoreinrichtung, die einen Sensor, einen Modulator und einen Demodulator aufweisenden Konverter aufweist, über eine Signalübertragungsstrecke zu einer Signalnutzungs- und/oder Signalweiterverarbeitungseinrichtung. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass die Signalübertrgung zwischen Modulator und Demodulator erfolgt.

Signaling device for use as warning device for detecting magnetic field of field magnet in magnetic resonance system, has signal transmitter for emitting warning signal when magnetic field is detected by magnetic field sensor device

The device has a magnetic field sensor device (10) integrated with a portable cabinet, and an integrated energy storage (12) e.g. battery, rechargeable battery and chargeable capacitor, to supply power to the sensor device. A signal transmitter (13) emits a warning signal when magnetic field i.e. stray field, is detected by the sensor device that comprises three reed contacts (11), three hall sensors and three conductor loops arranged orthogonal to one another. The transmitter is formed as an optical signal transmitter i.e. LED (6), acoustic transmitter and/or haptic transmitter.

Arrangement for evaluating a Hall-probe signal

The arrangement according to the invention consists of one or more Hall probes (1, 2) which can be operated, for example, in a differential circuit, of a downstream-connected preamplifier (5) with constant gain, of a buffer amplifier (6) which is connected downstream of the preamplifer (5), and an OTA (7) connected downstream of the buffer amplifier (6) and a Schmitt trigger (10) connected downstream of the OTA (7), as well as a current source (9), connected between the output of the OTA (10) and earth, which current source is controlled by the output of the Schmitt trigger. ...

Magnetometer

Mit der Erfindung soll ein supraleitendes Magnetometer vorgeschlagen werden, das in HTSL-Technologie mit einer sehr hohen Zuverlässigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit realisiert werden kann und das Parameter erreicht, die mit denen von SQUID-Magnetometern vergleichbar sind. DOLLAR A Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Hall-Detektor 4 mit einem supraleitenden Magnetfeldverstärker mit einer Ringstruktur 3, die nahe am Hall-Detektor 4 zu einer Einkoppelleitung 5 verengt ist, kombiniert.

Hall-Sensor und Messverfahren sowie entsprechende Vorrichtung

Ein Hall-Sensor weist Folgendes auf: – ein planares Hall-Messelement (10), das einem Magnetfeld (B) ausgesetzt werden kann und eine das Magnetfeld anzeigende Hall-Spannung erzeugt, wenn es von einem elektrischen Strom durchflossen wird, – ein erstes Paar von Vorspannungselektroden (B1, B2), die einander über das Messelement (10) hinweg in einer ersten Richtung (D1) gegenüberliegen, – ein zweites Paar von Vorspannungselektroden (B3, B4), die einander über das Messelement (10) hinweg in einer zweiten Richtung (D2) gegenüberliegen, wobei die zweite Richtung (D2) zu der ersten Richtung (D1) orthogonal ist, – ein erstes Paar von Messelektroden (S1, S3), die einander über das Messelement (10) hinweg in einer dritten Richtung (D3) gegenüberliegen, – ein zweites Paar von Messelektroden (S2, S4), die einander über das Messelement (10) hinweg in einer vierter Richtung (D4) gegenüberliegen, wobei die vierte Richtung (D4) zu der dritten Richtung (D3) orthogonal ist. Die die dritte (D3) und die vierte ...

Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Erregerleiterabstandes von einem Magnetfeldsensor, Verfahren zum Kalibrieren des Magnetfeldsensors sowie ein kalibrierbarer Magnetfeldsensor und Verwendung einer Erregerleiterstruktur zur Bestimmung eines Erregerleiterabstandes

In Ausführungsbeispielen wird ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Erregerleiterabstandes eines Erregerleiters 15, 16 einer Eregerleiterstruktur 14 von einem Sensorelement 20a eines kalibrierbaren Magnetfeldsensors 10, wobei die Erregerleiterstruktur 14 einen ersten Erregerleiter 15 und einen davon beabstandeten zweiten Erregerleiter 16 aufweist, und wobei das Sensorelement 20a mittels des ersten 15 oder des zweiten 16 Erregerleiters 16 kalibrierbar ist, dargestellt. Das Verfahren weist einen Schritt des Einprägens 100 eines ersten elektrischen Stromes I0 in den ersten Erregerleiter 15 der Erregerleiterstruktur 14 auf, um eine erste Magnetfeldkomponente B0,x in dem Sensorelement 20a des Magnetfeldsensors 10 zu erzeugen, sowie einen Schritt des Bestimmens 110 einer von der ersten Magnetfeldkomponente B0,x abhängigen Größe mittels des Sensorelementes 20a. Ferner weist das Verfahren ein Einprden zweiten Erregerleiter 16 der Erregerleiterstruktur 14, um eine zweite Magnetfeldkomponente B1,x in ...

Sensorvorrichtungen mit Sensorchip und Stromschiene

Eine Sensorvorrichtung umfasst eine Stromschiene, ein auf der Stromschiene angeordnetes Dielektrikum, und einen auf dem Dielektrikum angeordneten Sensorchip, wobei der Sensorchip dazu ausgelegt ist, ein von einem durch die Stromschiene fließenden elektrischen Strom induziertes Magnetfeld zu erfassen, wobei die der Stromschiene zugewandte Fläche des Dielektrikums in einem Bereich entlang des gesamten Umfangs des Dielektrikums von der Stromschiene beabstandet ist.

Erfassungsschaltung, Hypridansteuerungsschaltung und Sensoranordnung

Eine Erfassungsschaltung (200), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie umfasst: einen Sensor (201); und eine Ansteuerungsvorrichtung (202), die mit dem Sensor (201) verbunden ist, wobei die Ansteuerungsvorrichtung (202) zum Ansteuern des Sensors (201) verwendet ist, wobei die Ansteuerungsvorrichtung (202) eine Stromansteuerungsschaltung und eine Spannungsansteuerungsschaltung (203) aufweist; die Stromansteuerungsschaltung den Sensor (201) in einem Stromansteuerungsmodus ansteuert, und die Spannungsansteuerungsschaltung (203) den Sensor (201) in einem Stromansteuerungsmodus ansteuert; und eine Schaltvorrichtung (204), die mit der Ansteuerungsvorrichtung (202) verbunden ist und diese derart steuert, dass die Ansteuerungsvorrichtung (202) in der Lage ist, zwischen dem Stromansteuerungsmodus und dem Spannungsansteuerungsmodus umzuschalten.

Kontaktloser Messumformer

Magnetic sensor has substrate, in which semiconductor area of pre determined type of conductivity, is arranged, where magnetic field version section is designed within semiconductor area, and pair of electrodes is designed on upper surface

The magnetic sensor (100) has a substrate (11), in which a semiconductor area (12) of a pre-determined type of conductivity, is arranged. A magnetic field version section (HP) is designed within the semiconductor area. Pair of electrodes (15a,15c) is designed on an uppers surface of the semiconductor area. Two pairs of another electrodes (15b,15d,15e,15f) are located on the upper surface of the semiconductor range, where the pair of former electrodes is designed between the later electrodes. An independent claim is also included for a method for detecting a magnetic field.

Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Offset-behafteten Sensorsignalen sowie für die Durchführung des Verfahrens ausgebildete Sensoranordnung

Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von mit einem Offset behafteten Sensorsignalen eines Sensors (6), der in mehreren Messzyklen mit jeweils 2n (n = 1, 2..) aufeinander folgenden Phasen mit unterschiedlicher Ansteuerung betrieben wird, bei dem die Sensorsignale der einzelnen Phasen in einem Verstärker (9) verstärkt und anschließend mit einem Analog/Digital-Wandler (10) digitalisiert werden, und bei dem die verstärkten digitalisierten Signale der einzelnen Phasen jedes Messzyklus aufsummiert werden, um für jeden Messzyklus ein Offset-reduziertes Ausgangssignal zu erhalten, wobei die Sensorsignale vor der Verstärkung in einem Modulator (1) moduliert und nach der Verstärkung in einem Demodulator (3) wieder demoduliert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die Modulation die Sensorsignale von n Phasen jedes Messzyklus mit negativem Vorzeichen und die Sensorsignale der verbleibenden n Phasen des Messzyklus mit positivem Vorzeichen gewichtet werden und dass vor der Verstärkung von den modulierten ...

Stress and temperature compensated hall sensor, and method

Hall-Effect Device

... 1,151,440. Hall plates. MATSUSHITA ELECTRONICS CORP. 19 Dec., 1966 [28 Dec., 1965], No. 56680/66. Heading H1K. A Hall effect device for measuring magnetic fields in any direction in a plane comprises a semi-conductor body (Fig. 4) of rectangular parallelepiped form with input electrodes 202, 203 on the end faces and with two pairs of spot contact output electrodes 208, 209; 209, 210 respectively disposed on the opposite edges of two mutually perpendicular faces perpendicular to said end faces. For use in situations where the x and y components of the field are expected to be similar a body of square cross-section is used as in Fig. 4, but if one component is normally much greater than the other a body much broader than it is thick is more suitable. The output electrodes may alternatively be disposed on faces of the body and in either case one electrode may be common to two pairs.

Current transducer

Temperature compensated Hall effect device

A magnetic field sensing apparatus 20 comprises a Hall effect device 22 and circuitry. The circuitry 28 is arranged to adjust the operational current applied to the Hall effect device 22 such that temperature variations in the device do not have an influence upon the voltage signal output from the Hall effect device. The circuitry 28 may involve a temperature sensitive silicon diode 32 which is arranged such that it is at the same temperature as the Hall effect device. Some of the current flowing through the Hall effect device 22 may be arranged to flow through the diode 32 such that changes in current flow can be sensed. The circuitry 28 may be independent of the output 24 of the Hall effect device 22.

Chopped hall sensor with synchronously chopped sample-and-hold circuit

Hall-effect angle sensor for solid-state NMR

Circuit arrangement

A circuit arrangement for converting an input signal generated by a sensor to a logic output comprises a voltage divider 102 connected between a supply potential +V and ground and having first 105 and second 106 resistive loads in series; a sensor input line 107 connected between the first and second resistive loads; a first buffer circuit 103 having an input connected to the voltage divider between the sensor input line and the supply potential; and a second buffer circuit 104, whose input is connected to the voltage divider between the sensor input line and the ground connection. Each buffer circuit comprises a feedback resistive load 111,112 connected between its input and output and can be a non-inverting buffer or two inverting buffers (fig 4, 403,404,) in series and the first buffer circuit can include an inverter 114. The buffers can provide hysteresis and immunity from noise (fig 2) for a sensor such as a Hall effect sensor whose zero-point is half the supply potential +V, the separation ...

Improvements in or relating to the measurement of a gradient and/or a higher derivative of magnetic fields

... 1,020,974. Magnetic tests. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Oct. 26, 1964 [Oct. 26, 1963], No. 43638/64. Heading G1N. [Also in Division H1] An indication of the gradient of a magnetic field is given by a meter 9 connected across a bridge circuit containing two probe arms 1, 2 joined by a bridge 18, the probe arms and the bridge being formed integrally from a single piece of magneto-resistive semi-conductor material, such as indium antimonide. The bridge 18 is metallized, and mutually parallel strips of good conductivity may be mounted on or embedded in the probe arms 1, 2 at right angles to their axes. Two such devices, possibly formed from a single piece of semi-conductor material, Fig. 4 (not shown), may be combined to measure the second derivative with respect to distance of the magnetic field.

A sensor

Magnetic field sensor and method for making same

A semiconductor chip 100 for measuring a magnetic field, the semiconductor chip comprises a magnetic sensing element 110 and an electronic circuit 120, wherein: the magnetic sensing element 110 is mounted on the electronic circuit 120; the magnetic sensing element 110 is electrically connected with the electronic circuit 120; the electronic circuit 120 is produced in a first technology and/or first material and the magnetic sensing element 110 is produced in a second technology and/or second material different from the first technology / material. Also disclosed is a method of making the above semiconductor chip 100, the method comprising manufacturing at least one target device comprising the electronic circuit 120 on a first wafer; manufacturing at least one source device comprising the magnetic sensing element 110 on a second wafer, where the second material has a higher carrier mobility than the first material at room temperature; transferring the at least one target device to the at ...

CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT

Improvements in or relating to semi-conductor devices

... 818,065. Semi-conductor devices. SIEMENSSCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. Nov. 24, 1955 [Nov. 26, 1954], No. 33722/55. Class 37. A Hall effect device comprises a semi-conductor member with asymmetrical Hall electrodes such that a voltage appears between these electrodes when primary current is flowing but no magnetic field is applied, and means for applying a magnetic field of such magnitude that the Hall potential is reduced to zero or doubled, depending upon the direction of the field. The device may be utilized in switching, control or measuring circuits. Fig. 2 shows a semi-conductor body 1 having primary electrodes 2 and 3, and asymmetrical Hall electrodes 4 and 5 the output from which is applied to a measuring instrument 6. Fig. 3 shows an arrangement comprising three Hall electrodes the initial voltage between electrodes 14 and 15, and 16 and 14 being arranged to be zero and doubled respectively or vice versa according to whether the magnetic field is applied in one or the opposite direction.

MAGNETIC BUBBLE DETECTOR

Resistive sensor based data acquisition using low distortion analog front-end and digital gain error correction

A data acquisition system (DAS) 20 for processing an input signal from a resistive sensor 15 includes: a sensor signal path 43 that digitizes the input signal, wherein an input impedance of the sensor signal path attenuates the input signal; and a gain error corrector 45 to apply a correction factor to the digitized input signal to compensate for a loading effect to the resistive sensor. The sensor signal path may include an inverting amplifier that provides low distortion for the input signal and e.g. a delta-sigma, SAR, pipelined, or auxiliary ADC. A sensor characterization path 42 digitizes the sensor resistance which the gain error corrector uses, along with the inverting amplifier input impedance, to calculate the gain error correction factor. Temperature drift may be accounted for. The resistive sensor may be a Hall sensor.

MAGNET SENSOR DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE COLLECTION OF MAGNETIC PARTICLES

NONLINEAR MAGNETIC FIELD SENSORS AND CURRENT SENSORS

MAGNET SENSOR CIRCUIT

ARRANGEMENTS FOR AN INTEGRATED SENSOR

MAGNETIC SENSOR WITH LARGE MEASURING RANGE AND PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR THE SENSOR

RESOUNDING SENSOR ARRAY

PROCEDURE FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE OFFSETPANNUNG OF A RESOUNDING ARRANGEMENT

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF A MAGNETIC FIELD BY USE OF A RESOUNDING SENSOR

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR WITH A HALLELEMENT

MEASURING DEVICE WITH SPINNING CURRENT HALLSENSOR

MORE MEGNETFELDAUFNEHMER

PERPENDICULAR RESOUNDING SENSOR AND BRUSHLESS ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH SENKRECHTEN A RESOUNDING SENSOR

Procedure and device for continuous rippling/crinkling of a number of threads or a Vorgespinstes

Hall effect prism sensor

A physically unclonable function is an object that has characteristics that make it extremely difficult or impossible to copy. An array of randomly dispersed hard (magnetized) and soft (non-magnetized) magnetic particles that may be conducting or nonconducting that are disbursed in a binder create a particular magnetic field or capacitive pattern on the surface. This surface magnetic field and capacitive variations can be considered to be a unique pattern similar to fingerprint. The Hall effect prism is a sensor that measures the effects of these patterns by sensing the deformation of currents or electric potential flowing within or around a resistive substrate material that exhibits a substantial Hall effect coefficient.

System for monitoring electrical power usage of a structure and method of same

Some embodiments can teach a system for monitoring usage of electrical power by a structure. The structure can have one or more main electrical power lines that supply the electrical power to a first load in the structure. A portion of the one or more main electrical power lines can run substantially parallel to a first axis. The structure can further have a panel that overlies the portion of the one or more main electrical power lines. The system can include: (a) a current sensor unit configured to be coupled to a portion of a surface of the panel, the current sensor unit having: (a) at least one magnetic field sensor having a length substantially parallel to a second axis, wherein the second axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis, and the at least one magnetic field sensor is configured to detect a magnetic field generated by the one or more main electrical power lines; and (b) a processing unit configured to run on a processor. The current sensor unit can be configured ...

Hall-effect sensor

Hospital bed sensor system

A first embodiment provides a manually operable castor assembly (4) for a hospital bed, including a wheel unit (4) fittable to a bed frame (6) and provided with a lock actuator (5). A sensor unit (11, 12) is provided with a trigger element (12) and a sensor element (11), the trigger element being located on the manually operable brake actuator (5) and the sensor element (11) being located on the wheel unit (4). Another embodiment provides a manually operable safety side panel assembly (1,2) including a hinge assembly (3) coupled to the panel element and attachable to a bed frame, and a sensor unit including a trigger element (18) and a sensor element (25), the trigger element (11) being located on the manually operable actuator and the sensor element being located on a part of the side panel or hinge assembly. Monitoring apparatus monitors the manually operable bed safety device and including a control unit coupled to the sensor unit and an indicator unit controllable by the control unit ...

System for detecting the angle of rotation of a rotatable element

HALL EFFECT DEVICE TEST CIRCUIT

MAGNETIC FIELD DETECTOR

A MAGNETIC FIELD ALARM INDICATOR A magnetic field alarm indicator comprised of a plurality of magnetic field detectors mounted in a horizontal plane for detecting respective rotational components of a magnetic field and in response generating respective signals proportional thereto. Each of the detectors is mounted at a predetermined angle with respect to adjacent ones of the detectors, thereby encompassing a 360-degree field of view. Circuitry is included for rectifying and summing the respective signals received from the detectors and in response generating an output signal. Additional circuitry is provided for comparing the output signal to a predetermined set-point signal and in the event the output signal is greater than the set-point signal generating one or both of an audible and visual alarm signal. The alarm indicator of the present invention is particularly useful for measuring high magnetic field strengths in the vicinity of magnetic resonance imaging systems for preventing accidental ...

HALL EFFECT DEVICE TEST CIRCUIT

HALL EFFECT DEVICE TEST CIRCUIT A Hall effect device test circuit which detects Hall effect device operate and release point failures. A magnetic field circuit, an analog to-digital conversion circuit, a storage circuit, a comparison circuit and a visual indicator circuit are included. The magnetic field circuit causes the Hall effect device under test to switch between its operate and release states. The analog-to-digital conversion circuit provides a digital value, representative of the intensity of the magnetic field existing at the time of switching. These digital values are then stored in the storage circuit. The comparison circuit compares the stored switching values to predetermined thresholds and causes an appropriate visual pass/fail visual signal to be provided.

CONVEYOR IDLER ROLLER MONITORING ASSEMBLY

A monitoring assembly for monitoring assembly for monitoring a conveyor idler roller, the conveyor idler roller comprising at least one end cap, the conveyor idler roller comprising: a labyrinth seal comprising an inner seal part configured to rotate with the roller and an outer seal part configured to remain stationary within the end cap when the inner seal part is rotating; a magnet mounted on the inner seal part; and a printed circuit board mounted on the outer seal part, the printed circuit board comprising: at least one sensor for sensing information from the conveyor idler roller; a processor for recording the sensed information from the at least one sensor; and a communications device for transmitting and receiving information between the processor and an external user device.

MAGNETIC LINEAR FADER

A linear fader includes a slider that is configured to slide along a rail. The slider includes a magnet. The linear fader also includes a plurality of coils spaced along a length of the rail, one or more sensors configured to detect a position of the slider along the rail, and control circuitry operatively coupled to the plurality of coils and the one or more sensors. The control circuitry is configured to receive a signal corresponding to a first location of the slider from at least one of the one or more sensors, receive a desired location of the slider, and cause a first electrical current to pass through the plurality of coils, thereby generating a force on the slider in a direction toward the desired location.

PATH LENGTH CALIBRATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

An apparatus (50) includes a first pedestal surface (13) coupled to a swing arm (54) and to a light source with a first optical fiber (18a). The apparatus further includes a magnet (1), a base plate (52), a mechanical stop (53) coupled to the base plate, and a second pedestal surface (15) mechanically coupled to said base plate and configured to receive a liquid sample, said second pedestal surface being coupled to a spectrometer with a second optical fiber (18b), and the distance between the two surfaces defining an optical path length for optical sample analysis. The apparatus further includes a magnetic flux sensor (10), e.g. a Hall sensor, located between north and south magnetic flux fields of the magnet such that the magnetic flux reaching the sensor while the mechanical stop is in physical contact with the swing arm provides a linear range of output of the magnetic flux sensor, and a processor adapted to calibrate the point for minimum optical path length using a threshold magnetic ...

APPARATUS FOR MEASURE OF QUANTITY AND ASSOCIATED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

In embodiments, it is provided an integrated device for providing a measure of a quantity dependent on current through an electrical conductor, having: a sensing and processing sub-system; an electrical conductor to conduct a current; an insulating material encapsulating the sensing and processing sub-system and maintaining the electrical conductor in a fixed and spaced relationship to the sensing and processing sub-system, wherein the insulating material is configured to insulate the electrical conductor from the sensing and processing sub-system; sensing circuitry comprising a plurality of magnetic field sensing elements arranged on the sensing and processing sub-system adjacent to the electrical conductor, wherein the sensing circuitry is configured to provide a measure of the quantity as a weighted sum and/or difference of outputs of the magnetic field sensing elements caused by the current flowing through the electrical conductor adjacent to the plurality of magnetic field sensing ...

ELECTRONIC TAMPER DETECTION IN A UTILITY METER USING MAGNETICS

An arrangement for use in a utility meter (10) includes a sensor (18) and a processing circuit (14) supported by a base of the meter (10), and a magnetic element (24) carried by the cover (22) of the meter, in which the cover (22) is removably mounted to the base. The sensor (18) includes at least two magnetizable elements (102,103), such as inductors, that are magnetized at opposite polarities when the meter (10) is closed and operable. The magnetizable elements (102,103) are positioned in very close proximity so that as cover (22) is removed the magnetic element (24) passes the elements (102,103) to cause the magnetizable elements (102,103) to assume the same polarity. The processing circuit (14) continuously polls the magnetizable elements (102,103) to evaluate their respective polarities and is configured to issue a tamper indication when the detected polarities are the same.

MAGNETOELASTIC TORQUE SENSOR WITH AMBIENT FIELD REJECTION

The present invention involves a method and apparatus for canceling the effects of magnetic field noise in a torque sensor by placing three sets of magnetic field sensors around a shaft, the first set of field sensors being placed in the central region of the shaft and the second and third sets of field sensors being placed on the right side and left side of the field sensors placed at the central region, respectively. A torque-induced magnetic field is not cancelled with this arrangement of field sensors but a magnetic near field from a near field source is cancelled.

HOSPITAL BED SENSOR SYSTEM

A first embodiment provides a manually operable castor assembly (4) for a hospital bed, including a wheel unit (4) fittable to a bed frame (6) and provided with a lock actuator (5). A sensor unit (11, 12) is provided with a trigger element (12) and a sensor element(11), the trigger element being located on the manually operable brake actuator (5) and the sensor element (11) being located on the wheel unit (4). Another embodiment provides a manually operable safety side panel assembly (1,2) including a hinge assembly (3) coupled to the panel element and attachable to a bed frame, and a sensor unit including a trigger element (18) and a sensor element (25), the trigger element (11) being located on the manually operable actuator and the sensor element being located on a part of the side panel or hinge assembly. Monitoring apparatus monitors the manually operable bed safety device and including a control unit coupled to the sensor unit and an indicator unit controllable by the control unit ...

Fernmessanlage, bei der die Bewegung eines Sendeorganes elektrisch auf ein Empfangsorgan übertragen wird.

Elektrisches Halbleiter-Steuer- und -Regelgerät

Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer dem Drehmoment einer elektrischen Maschine proportionalen Spannung

Dispositif permettant de donner un effet permanent de crêpage à des fils faits de filaments continus

Dispositif pour conférer une frisure permanente à des fils filamentaires

Magnétomètre utilisant l'effet Hall

Dispositif permettant la mesure et/ou la stabilisation d'un champ magnétique par utilisation de l'effet Hall

Elektrisches Halbleitergerät

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anbringen von Kontaktorganen an Halbleiterkörpern

Einrichtung zur Programmsteuerung einer Arbeitsmaschine

Elektrisches Messgerät, das auf der Änderung der elektrischen Eigenschaften beruht, die ein Halbleiterkörper unter der Wirkung eines Magnetfeldes erfährt

Mikrowegmesser

Einrichtung zur Messung der räumlichen Ableitung von Magnetfeldern

Einrichtung zur Ermittlung der Stärke eines Magnetfeldes mit einer Hall-Sonde

Sollwert Gebereinrichtung für einen elektrischen Antrieb, insbesondere einen Nähmaschinenantrieb

Procédé pour mesurer un courant continu et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre

Einrichtung zur Signalübermittlung auf einen Empfänger mit einem auf magnetische Felder ansprechenden Abnahmekopf von einem Geber aus

Einrichtung zum Messen von Magnetfeldern in Medien hoher Temperatur

Statically operating magnetic pick-up head

The pick-up head has a cylindrical permanent magnet (5) which is concentrically surrounded by a non-magnetic spacing sleeve (4). The whole arrangement is inserted into a magnet yoke pot (3) which in turn is located in a tubular housing (2). Two Hall generators (7), which are located in transverse bores (6) disposed diametrically opposite one another and adjacent to the front surface (1), which bores pass through the pot (3) and the sleeve (4) in each case on the base of the bore formed by the permanent magnet, are attached diametrically in relation to one another near the front surface (1) of the pick-up head. The bores (6) in the pot (3) are blocked by stoppers (8) made of magnetic material. The terminals of the Hall generators are brought out in axially parallel bores (19) in the sleeve and in the pot base on the side opposite the front surface (1). This arrangement allows flow changes caused by a test sample (16) to be recorded with high sensitivity with largely undisturbed flow lines ...

HALLELEMENT WITH SUPPLY.

Magnetic field sensor with integrated magnetic field concentrators.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen eindimensionalen Magnetfeldsensor umfassend einen Träger (7), einen einzigen länglichen Magnetfeldkonzentrator (4) oder zwei Magnetfeldkonzentratoren (4, 5), die durch einen Luftspalt (6) getrennt sind, und wenigstens ein magnetisches Sensorelement (8). Der bzw. die beiden Magnetfeldkonzentratoren (4, 5) bestehen aus wenigstens zwei Teilen (9), die voneinander durch eine Spalte getrennt sind. Die Breite der Spalte (10) zwischen den zwei Teilen der Magnetfeldkonzentratoren (4, 5) ist kleiner als die Breite des Luftspaltes (6).

Magnetic field measurement using adjustable flux concentrator - directing flux to Hall sensor for increasing magnetic field sensitivity and measuring with open and closed magnetic circuits

The method involves using a magnetic probe suitable for relatively weak magnetic fields. An associated flux concentrator (14a, 14b) directs the flux to the probe. Pref. the probe uses a Hall element (8) coupled via a conductor path or wire (10) to the probe cable (12), which in turn is coupled to a supply, measuring and evaluation device. The flux concentrator is adjustable relative to the probe with its actual position detected via a separate sensor (17) coupled to the evaluation circuit. In order to determine the source of the magnetic field, two measurements are made at the same position, one with an open and another with a partially closed magnetic circuit. USE/ADVANTAGE - E.g. for position measurement or determination of residual magnetism measurement in steel parts. Suited to small and weak fields as well as large fields.

Spinning Current Hallsensor with homogeneous space-charge zone.

Device for measuring current.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Strommessung umfasst ein Substrat (2) mit einem ersten Stromleiter (3) und einen Stromsensor (4) mit einem zweiten Stromleiter (5). Der Stromsensor (4) ist oberhalb des ersten Stromleiters (3) auf dem Substrat (2) montiert. Der zweite Stromleiter (5) ist mit angeformten ersten und zweiten elektrischen Anschlussbeinchen (7) ausgebildet, durch die ein zu messender Strom zu- und abgeführt wird. Der Stromsensor (4) umfasst weiter einen auf dem zweiten Stromleiter (5) auf der dem Substrat (2) zugewandten Seite des zweiten Stromleiters (5) montierten Halbleiterchip (10) mit einem Magnetfeldsensor (11). Der Magnetfeldsensor (11) ist auf eine parallel zur Oberfläche des Substrats (2) und senkrecht zu dem zweiten Stromleiter (5) verlaufende Komponente des Magnetfeldes empfindlich. Der zweite Stromleiter (5) verläuft oberhalb und parallel zum ersten Stromleiter (3).

Device for measuring current.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Strommessung umfasst ein Substrat (2) mit einem ersten Stromleiter (3) und einen Stromsensor (4) mit einem zweiten Stromleiter (5). Der Stromsensor (4) ist oberhalb des ersten Stromleiters (3) auf dem Substrat (2) montiert. Der zweite Stromleiter (5) ist mit angeformten ersten und zweiten elektrischen Anschlussbeinchen (7, 8) ausgebildet, durch die ein zu messender Strom zu- und abgeführt wird. Der Stromsensor (4) umfasst weiter einen auf dem zweiten Stromleiter (5) auf der dem Substrat (2) zugewandten Seite des zweiten Stromleiters (5) montierten Halbleiterchip (10) mit einem Magnetfeldsensor (11). Der Magnetfeldsensor (11) ist auf eine parallel zur Oberfläche des Substrats (2) und senkrecht zu dem zweiten Stromleiter (5) verlaufende Komponente des Magnetfeldes empfindlich. Der zweite Stromleiter (5) verläuft oberhalb und parallel zum ersten Stromleiter (3).

Stress sensor for detecting mechanical stress in semiconductor chip, has four resistors that are integrated in active surface of semiconductor chip, to form Wheatstone bridge

The stress sensor (1) has four resistors (R1-R4) that are integrated in an active surface (3) of a semiconductor chip (2), to form a Wheatstone bridge. The resistors (R3,R4) connected in series, are connected in parallel with resistors (R1,R2) that are connected in series. The common modes (4,5) are set among the resistors. The resistors (R1,R4) are P-type resistors and the resistors (R2,R3) are N-type resistors. The resistors (R1,R4) are elongated with respect to the edge of the semiconductor chip. An independent claim is included for Hall sensor.

Vertical Hall sensor and method of forming a vertical Hall sensor.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen in einen Halbleiterchip (1) integrierten vertikalen Hallsensor und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. Der vertikale Hallsensor weist eine elektrisch leitende Wanne (2) eines ersten Leitfähigkeitstyps auf, die in ein elektrisch leitendes Gebiet (3) eines zweiten Leitfähigkeitstyps eingebettet ist. Die elektrischen Kontakte (4) sind entlang einer Geraden (6) an einer planaren Oberfläche (5) der elektrisch leitenden Wanne (2) angeordnet. Die elektrisch leitende Wanne (2) wird mittels hochenergetischer Ionenimplantation und anschliessender Erwärmung erzeugt, so dass sie ein Dotierungsprofil aufweist, das entweder ein Maximum hat, das sich in einer Tiefe T 1 von der planaren Oberfläche (5) der elektrisch leitenden Wanne (2) befindet, oder bis zu einer Tiefe T 2 im Wesentlichen konstant ist.

FIELD STRENGTH MEASURER.

Vertical resounding sensor.

Ein vertikaler Hallsensor, der in einen Halbleiterchip (6) integriert ist, hat mindestens 6 elektrische Kontakte (9), die entlang einer Geraden (10) an der Oberfläche des Halbleiterchips (6) angeordnet sind. Die elektrischen Kontakte (9) sind gemäss einer vorbestimmten Vorschrift verdrahtet, nämlich so, dass, wenn die Kontakte (9) ausgehend von einem der beiden äussersten Kontakte (9.1) fortlaufend und wiederholt mit den Ziffern 1, 2, 3 und 4 durchnummeriert werden, diejenigen Kontakte (9), denen die gleiche Ziffer zugeordnet ist, elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind.

Magnetic field sensor with integrated magnetic field concentrators.

Ein eindimensionaler Magnetfeldsensor umfasst einen Träger (7), einen einzigen länglichen Magnetfeldkonzentrator (4) oder zwei Magnetfeldkonzentratoren (4, 5), die durch einen Luftspalt (6) getrennt sind, und wenigstens ein magnetisches Sensorelement (8). Der bzw. die beiden Magnetfeldkonzentratoren (4, 5) bestehen aus wenigstens zwei Teilen (9), die voneinander durch eine Spalte (10) getrennt sind. Ein zweidimensionaler Magnetfeldsensor umfasst einen Träger, einen einzigen Magnetfeldkonzentrator, der aus wenigstens drei Teilen besteht, die voneinander durch eine Spalte getrennt sind, und wenigstens zwei magnetische Sensorelemente.

Hysteresis-poor sensor.

Ein Sensor (1) umfasst eine Magnetfeldquelle (3), zumindest ein flussführendes weichmagnetisches Element (2), der zumindest einen Luftspalt (4) aufweist, und zumindest einen Magnetfeldsensor (5), das im Luftspalt (5) angeordnet ist und eine Änderung des Magnetfelds der Magnetfeldquelle (3) misst. Das flussführende weichmagnetische Element (2) besteht aus einer Legierung, die aus 35 Gew.-% Ni 50 Gew.-%, 0 Gew.-% Co 2 Gew.-%, 0 Gew.-% Mn 1,0 Gew.-% 0 Gew.-% Si 0,5 Gew.-% sowie 0,5 Gew.-% Cr 8 Gew.-% und/oder 0,5 Gew.-% Mo 8 Gew.-%, wobei (Mo+Cr) 8 ist, Rest Eisen sowie unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen besteht.

hysteresis-poorer Sensor.

Ein Sensor (1) umfasst eine Magnetfeldquelle (3), zumindest ein flussführendes weichmagnetisches Element (2), der zumindest einen Luftspalt (4) aufweist, und zumindest einen Magnetfeldsensor (5), das im Luftspalt (5) angeordnet ist und eine Änderung des Magnetfelds der Magnetfeldquelle (3) misst. Das flussführende weichmagnetische Element (2) besteht aus einer Legierung, die aus 35 Gew.% Ni 50 Gew.%, 0 Gew.% Co 2 Gew.%, 0 Gew.% Mn 1,0 Gew.% 0 Gew.% Si 0,5 Gew.% sowie 0,5 Gew.% Cr 8 Gew.% und/oder 0,5 Gew.% Mo 8 Gew.%, wobei (Mo+Cr) 8 ist, Rest Eisen sowie unvermeidbaren Verunreinigungen besteht.

Vertical resounding sensor and procedure for the production of a vertical resounding sensor.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen in einen Halbleiterchip (1) integrierten vertikalen Hallsensor und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. Der vertikale Hallsensor weist eine elektrisch leitenden Wanne (2) eines ersten Leitfähigkeitstyps auf, die in ein elektrisch leitendes Gebiet (3) eines zweiten Leitfähigkeitstyps eingebettet ist. Die elektrischen Kontakte (4) sind entlang einer Geraden (6) an einer planaren Oberfläche (5) der elektrisch leitenden Wanne (2) angeordnet. Die elektrisch leitende Wanne (2) wird mittels hochenergetischer Ionenimplantation und anschliessender Erwärmung erzeugt, so dass sie ein Dotierungsprofil aufweist, das entweder ein Maximum hat, das sich in einer Tiefe T 1 von der planaren Oberfläche (5) der elektrisch leitenden Wanne (2) befindet, oder bis zu einer Tiefe T 2 im wesentlichen konstant ist.

СПОСОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике и может быть использовано для измерения магнитных полей в реакторах термоядерного синтеза. Способ измерения магнитного поля включает измерение выходного напряжения гальваномагнитного преобразователя и расчет индукции измеренного магнитного поля по измеренному значению выходного напряжения и чувствительности гальваномагнитного преобразователя, который содержит по крайней мере две пары выводов. Измерения проводят в два этапа - на первом этапе первую пару выводов подключают к источнику питания гальваномагнитного преобразователя, а вторую пару выводов используют для измерения выходного напряжения, на втором этапе первую пару выводов используют для измерения выходного напряжения, а вторую пару выводов подключают к источнику питания гальваномагнитного преобразователя. Указанную чувствительность гальваномагнитного преобразователя определяют по крайней мере на одном из указанных этапов. При этом измеряют по крайней мере два значения выходного напряжения ...

MULTIPOSITION THREE-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH TRANSDUCER

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONTROL OF CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRIC POWER STRUCTURE

Measurement head for a magnetoelastic sensor

The invention relates to a measurement head (1) for a magnetoelastic sensor having a ferrite core (3). The ferrite core (3) comprises a first end (5), on which a field coil (9) which generates a magnetic field is fitted, and at least a second end (7), on which a magnetic field sensor (11, 41) is fitted.

Hall sensor

Provided is a highly-sensitive Hall element capable of eliminating an offset voltage without increasing the chip size. The Hall element includes: a Hall sensing portion having a shape of a cross and four convex portions; Hall voltage output terminals which are arranged at the centers of the front edges of the four convex portions, respectively; and control current input terminals which are arranged on side surfaces of each of the convex portions independently of the Hall voltage output terminals. In this case, the Hall voltage output terminal has a small width and the control current input terminal has a large width.

Position detecting apparatus

The present invention provides a single component implementing highly precise pulse detection for rotational or liner position detecting apparatuses for jog dials and mechanical products. Focusing on the fact that the phase difference between the magnetic fields in circumferential and radial directions generated by a magnetized ring is precisely 90 degrees, a position detecting apparatus of the present invention includes two Hall elements placed at a distance; a protective film provided on magnetic sensitive portions of the two Hall elements to cover the magnetic sensitive portions; a thin-film magnetic plate placed on the protective film to cover the magnetic sensitive portions of the two Hall elements; and further a processing circuit calculating the sum and difference of the signals from the two Hall elements to generate signals having an accurate phase difference of 90 degrees. The position detecting apparatus can therefore detect the rotation direction and precise rotation angle.

Two-terminal linear sensor

A magnetic field sensor includes a linear magnetic field sensor to produce a voltage proportional to a sensed magnetic field and an interface having only two terminals for external connections. The two terminals of the interface include a power supply terminal and a ground terminal. The interface includes a voltage-controlled current generating device that is connected between the two terminals and is controlled by the voltage to provide a current signal that is proportional to the sensed magnetic field.

Automatic determination of the position of an object

The disclosure relates to a method for analysis of magnetic fields or signals used for the determination of the position of an object, wherein two temporally to each other shifted magnetic signals or fields are generated by two conductors arranged at least in part or completely separated from each other. The magnetic fields generated by the conductors are consecutively being captured by at least one and preferably three sensors arranged orthogonally to each other and determining from the captured signals information for determining the position of the object carrying the sensors relative to the conductors.

Apparatus and Method for Reducing a Transient Signal in a Magnetic Field Sensor

A magnetic field sensor includes a compensation loop coupled in series with normal circuit couplings in order to reduce a transient signal that would otherwise be generated when the magnetic field sensor experiences a high rate of change of magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic field sensor is a current sensor responsive to a magnetic field generated by a current-carrying conductor.

Integrated apparatus for sensing current

There is provided an integrated apparatus for sensing current including: a voltage regulator; a Hall effect device receiving current by the voltage regulator and outputting hall voltage in proportional to strength of a magnetic field; and a coil having one end connected to a first connecting terminal and the other end connected to a second connecting terminal, wound to have a plurality of turns along a circumference of the Hall effect device on the same plane spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the Hall effect device in a direction of the magnetic field, and forming the magnetic field according to current flowing through the first connecting terminal and the second connecting terminal, wherein the Hall effect device and the coil are integrated within one chip. A manufacturing cost of a product may be reduced, simultaneously with sensing the current without loss of the magnetic field according to a distance through the above-mentioned configuration.

Current Sensor

Embodiments of the invention provide a current sensor including a conductive element and at least two magnetic field sensors. The conductive element includes at least three terminal areas and a common conductive area, wherein each of the at least three terminal areas is connected to the common conductive area to guide a current applied to the respective terminal area into the common conductive area. The at least two magnetic field sensors are arranged at different geometric positions adjacent to the common conductive area, wherein each of the at least two magnetic field sensors is configured to sense a magnetic field component of each current flowing into the common conductive area to provide a sensor signal based on the sensed magnetic field component.

Method and apparatus for identifying accessaries using non-contact interface

The present invention relates to non-contact interface and, in a method for identifying peripheral accessories to perform different modes of function, the method comprises determining if a hall switch located at a previously defined location detects a magnetic field and identifying the function mode based on the location of the hall switch that detected the magnetic field.

Mems oscillating magnetic sensor and method of making

A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device for sensing a magnetic field comprising: a base; a cantilever attached to the base structure at a first end and movable at a second end, the second end oscillating at a predetermined frequency upon application of a current; a magnetic sensor attached to the movable second end; at least one flux concentrator mounted on the base adapted to transfer magnetic flux to the sensor; whereby when the current is applied, the oscillation of the cantilever causes the sensor to oscillate between the lines of flux transferred from the at least one flux concentrator resulting in the shift of the frequency of the sensed magnetic field to the predetermined frequency. The invention further comprises a method of making the MEMS device.

Multiple dimension position sensor

An apparatus including a controller, a workpiece transport in communication with the controller having a movable portion and a transport path, and a multi-dimensional position measurement device including at least one field generating platen attached to the movable portion and at least one sensor group positioned along the transport path and in communication with the controller, the field generating platen is configured for position measurement and propelling the movable portion, each sensor in the at least one sensor group is configured to provide but one output signal along a single axis corresponding to a sensed field generated by the at least one field generating platen and the controller is configured calculate a multi-dimensional position of the movable portion based on the but one output signal of at least one of the sensors in the at least one sensor group, the multi-dimensional position including a planar position and a gap measurement.

Vertical hall sensor and method for producing a vertical hall sensor

The invention relates to a vertical Hall sensor integrated in a semiconductor chip and a method for the production thereof. The vertical Hall sensor has an electrically conductive well of a first conductivity type, which is embedded in an electrically conductive region of a second conductivity type. The electrical contacts are arranged along a straight line on a planar surface of the electrically conductive well. The electrically conductive well is generated by means of high-energy ion implantation and subsequent heating, so that it has a doping profile which either has a maximum which is located at a depth T 1 from the planar surface of the electrically conductive well, or is essentially constant up to a depth T 2 .

Thin-wafer current sensors

Embodiments relate to IC current sensors fabricated using thin-wafer manufacturing technologies. Such technologies can include processing in which dicing before grinding (DBG) is utilized, which can improve reliability and minimize stress effects. While embodiments utilize face-up mounting, face-down mounting is made possible in other embodiments by via through-contacts. IC current sensor embodiments can present many advantages while minimizing drawbacks often associated with conventional IC current sensors.

Semiconductor Chip Package and Method

A semiconductor chip package and a method to manufacture a semiconductor chip package are disclosed. An embodiment of the present invention comprises a substrate and a semiconductor chip disposed on the substrate and laterally surrounded by a packaging material. The package further comprises a current rail adjacent the semiconductor chip, the current rail isolated from the semiconductor chip by an isolation layer, a first external pad, and a via contact contacting the current rail with the first external pad.

Magnetic sensor device

A magnetic sensor device for generating a logic output in accordance with a magnetic field intensity applied to a magnetoelectric conversion element includes: a comparator for inputting amplified output signals of the magnetoelectric conversion element, and outputting a comparison result; and a logic circuit for performing arithmetic processing on an output signal of the comparator. Only when the logic output is changed by a change in the magnetic field intensity, the logic circuit performs successive matching determination of logic outputs a plurality of times. Thus, the variation in determination for detection or canceling of a magnetic field intensity, which is caused by noise generated from respective constituent elements included in the magnetic sensor device and external noise, may be reduced while suppressing electric power consumption.

Metering device and metering method

Provided is a metering device and a metering method. The metering device includes a Hall sensor configured to output a Hall voltage generated by a magnetic field generated from a power supply line, an analog-digital converter configured to receive a voltage signal between a minimum voltage value and a maximum voltage value to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal and output the digital signal, an output adjustment unit connected between the Hall sensor and the analog-digital converter, and configured to attenuate and output the Hall voltage when the Hall voltage output from the Hall sensor is larger than the maximum voltage value and output adjustment information that adjusted the Hall voltage, and a control unit connected to the analog-digital converter and the output adjustment unit, and calculate the digital signal output from the analog-digital converter and the adjustment information output from the output adjustment unit to calculate wattage.

Apparatus having a back-bias magnet and a semiconductor chip element

An apparatus may include a back-bias magnet; and a semiconductor chip element; wherein the semiconductor chip element has a sensor for measuring a magnetic field strength; and wherein a contact surface is formed on a contact side of the back-bias magnet and on a contact side of the semiconductor chip element and wherein the contact side of the semiconductor chip element has one or more structures such that the contact surface of the back-bias magnet is shaped in a manner corresponding to the structures of the semiconductor chip element.

Hall-Effect Measurement Apparatus

A Hall-Effect measure apparatus comprises a magnetic source, a wafer on a thermal chuck, a dc current source and a voltage meter. The magnetic source generates a magnetic field in a perpendicular position relative to the wafer. Furthermore, the magnetic field is targeted at a specific region of the wafer to be tested. By performing a Hall-Effect measurement and van der Pauw measurement, the carrier mobility of the specific region of the wafer can be calculated.

CURRENT SENSOR AND METHOD FOR DETECTING A CURRENTLESS STATE

A current sensor having a magnetic field sensor, and a variable current source connected to the magnetic field sensor, and a first differential amplifier, connected to the magnetic field sensor, for amplifying a first sensor voltage. A second differential amplifier is provided and the second differential amplifier is connected to the first differential amplifier and to the current source. In the case of the first sensor voltage, a first operating current is present at the magnetic field sensor and in the case of a second sensor voltage, a second operating current is present, whereby the second Hall voltage is smaller than the first sensor voltage and the second operating current is greater than the first operating current. 1. A current sensor for detecting a currentless state , the current sensor comprising:a magnetic field sensor;a variable supply connectable to the magnetic field sensor;a first differential amplifier connectable to the magnetic field sensor, the first differential amplifier being configured to amplify a first sensor voltage, the first differential amplifier having an output that is configured to provided an amplified analog sensor voltage; anda second differential amplifier connectable to the supply, the second differential amplifier having a first input and a second input,wherein the first input of the second differential amplifier is connected directly to the output of the first differential amplifier and the second input of the second differential amplifier is connected to a reference voltage so that the amplified analog sensor voltage is provided at the first input of the second differential amplifier,wherein the first differential amplifier, the second differential amplifier, and the magnetic field sensor with the variable supply form an analog control loop;wherein, in the case of the first sensor voltage, a first operating current or a first supply voltage is provided at the magnetic field sensor, and, in the case of a second sensor voltage, ...

HALL SENSOR SYSTEM

Integrated circuit Hall sensor system comprising a plurality of elementary blocks (EB), each elementary block including a Hall cell (), a differential pair () of an input stage of a Differential Difference Amplifier (DDA), and terminals (), wherein the terminals () are placed laterally on opposing outer sides of each elementary block parallel to a Y axis and the plurality of elementary blocks are arranged in a juxtaposed manner to form at least one row () extending along an X axis orthogonal to the Y axis and interconnected by the terminals. 114-. (canceled)15. Integrated circuit Hall sensor system comprising a plurality of elementary blocks (EB) , each elementary block including a Hall cell , a switch box connected to the Hall cell , an input stage of an amplifier , and terminals , wherein the terminals are placed laterally on opposing outer sides of each elementary block parallel to a Y axis and the plurality of elementary blocks are arranged in a juxtaposed manner to form at least one row extending along an X axis orthogonal to the Y axis and interconnected by the terminals.16. Integrated circuit Hall sensor system according to claim 15 , wherein said switch box connected to the Hall cell is a four phase switch box.17. Integrated circuit Hall sensor system according to claim 15 , wherein each row of elementary blocks is terminated by a second stage of said amplifier claim 15 , forming a front-end channel.18. Integrated circuit Hall sensor system according to claim 17 , wherein each channel comprises a logic circuit connected through connections (A claim 17 , B claim 17 , C claim 17 , D) of the elementary blocks configured to deliver logic signals to a four phase current switch box of each elementary block connected to the Hall cell to perform four-phase spinning current on each Hall cell.19. Integrated circuit Hall sensor system according to claim 17 , wherein each channel comprises a demodulator based on a switched-capacitor circuit.20. Integrated circuit Hall ...

CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR PROGRAMMING A HALL SENSOR HAVING AN UPSTREAM CONTROLLER

A circuit assembly having a controller in which the Hall sensor or a programmable circuit component integrated therein is programmed by clocking or modulating a Hall sensor power supply voltage. A clocked or modulated controller power supply voltage is applied to the controller in clocked or modulated form; and where the clock or modulated Hall sensor power supply voltage is applied to the Hall sensor by the controller as a function of the clocked or modulated controller power supply voltage. 1. A circuit assembly , comprising:a housing;a Hall sensor including a Hall sensor power supply voltage terminal for applying a Hall sensor power supply voltage, a Hall sensor output terminal for providing measured values or a measuring voltage, and an integrated programmable circuit component which is programmable by clocking or modulation of the Hall sensor power supply voltage; anda controller configured upstream of the Hall sensor, which controller includes a controller power supply voltage terminal for applying a controller power supply voltage and an internal output terminal for applying a control signal which is proportional to or equal to the controller power supply voltage,wherein the internal output terminal is connected to or connectable to the Hall sensor power supply voltage terminal for applying the control signal from the controller power supply voltage terminal,wherein the Hall sensor power supply voltage is clocked or modulated to provide the control signal for programming the circuit component, andwherein the Hall sensor and the upstream controller are configured in the housing.2. The circuit assembly of claim 1 , wherein the controller has an internal voltage output terminal that is connectable to the Hall sensor power supply voltage terminal and outputs the Hall sensor power supply voltage claim 1 , and wherein the Hall sensor power supply voltage is less than the controller power supply voltage.3. The circuit assembly of claim 2 , wherein the internal ...

Electronic device comprising hall effect region with three contacts

An electronic device is disclosed as a part of a magnetic field sensor or a mechanical stress sensor. The electronic device includes a Hall effect region, a first contact (temporarily functioning as a first supply contact), a second contact (second supply contact), and a third contact (temporarily functioning as a first sense contact) that are arranged in or on a surface of the Hall effect region. The first contact and the third contact are arranged in a substantially symmetrical manner to each other with respect to the second contact. An electrical current distribution within the Hall effect region is influenced by a physical quantity (e.g. magnetic field strength or mechanical stress) to be measured. A sense signal tapped at the third contact is a function of the current distribution, the sense signal thus being indicative of the physical quantity. A corresponding sensing method using the electronic device is also disclosed.

Magnetic field sensor including an anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetic sensor and a hall magnetic sensor

A magnetic field sensor, including a Hall magnetic sensor, formed within a first die and configured to detect a first magnetic field, and a first anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetic sensor, having a first anisotropic magnetoresistive transducer, formed within a second die and configured to generate an electrical measurement quantity as a function of a second magnetic field. An electronic reading circuit formed within the first die, is electrically connected to the first anisotropic magnetoresistive transducer, and provides a first measure indicating the second magnetic field, on the basis of the electrical measurement quantity. The first and second dice are fixed with respect to one another and have main surfaces parallel to the same reference plane. The first magnetic field being oriented in a first direction perpendicular to the reference plane and the second magnetic field being oriented in a second direction parallel to the reference plane.

ELECTRIC CURRENT-SPIN CURRENT CONVERSION DEVICE

An electric current-spin current conversion device according to the invention performs conversion between electric current and spin current utilizing the spin Hall effect or the inverse spin Hall effect of a 5transition metal. A spin accumulation apparatus according to the invention includes a non-magnetic body in which injected spins are accumulated and an injection unit that injects spins into the non-magnetic body, wherein said injection unit comprises said electric current-spin current conversion device provided on said non-magnetic body, and an electric power source that supplies an electric current to said electric current-spin current conversion device in such a way that a spin current flowing toward said non-magnetic body is generated by the spin Hall effect. 1. An electric current-spin current conversion device characterized by performing conversion between electric current and spin current utilizing the spin Hall effect or the inverse spin Hall effect of a 5d transition metal oxide.2. An electric current-spin current conversion device according to claim 1 , characterized in that said 5d transition metal oxide contains Ir.3. A spin accumulation apparatus characterized by comprising:a non-magnetic body in which injected spins are accumulated; andan injection unit that injects spins into said non-magnetic body,{'claim-ref': [{'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, {'@idref': 'CLM-00002', '2'}], 'wherein said injection unit comprises an electric current-spin current conversion device according to or provided on said non-magnetic body, and an electric power source that supplies an electric current to said electric current-spin current conversion device in such a way that a spin current flowing toward said non-magnetic body is generated by the spin Hall effect.'}4. A spin accumulation amount measuring apparatus characterized by comprising:a non-magnetic body in which injected spins are accumulated;an injection unit that injects spins into said non-magnetic body, ...

HALL ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE SIGNAL DETECTION CIRCUIT AND CURRENT SENSOR THEREOF

A Hall electromotive force signal detection circuit combines offset cancellation means by a spinning current method of a Hall element with a continuous-time signal processing circuit. A first Hall element includes first to fourth terminals, and generates a Hall electromotive force signal voltage Vhall. A third Hall element generates an other Hall electromotive force signal voltage Vhall. A first switching circuit selects a terminal position for applying a drive current from the four terminals of the first Hall element. A third switching circuit selects a terminal position for applying a drive current from the four terminals of the third Hall element, which is different from the terminal position selected by the first switching circuit. A chopper clock generation circuit supplies a chopper clock signal φ having two different phases to the switching circuit, and also supplies the chopper clock signal φ to the switching circuit. 1. A Hall electromotive force signal detection circuit configured to select a terminal position for applying a drive current to a Hall element including a plurality of terminals and detect a Hall electromotive force signal voltage , the Hall electromotive force signal detection circuit comprising:a Hall element including first to fourth terminals, for generating a Hall electromotive force signal voltage;another Hall element including first to fourth terminals, for generating another Hall electromotive force signal voltage;a switching circuit for selecting a terminal position for applying a drive current from the first to fourth terminals of the another Hall element;an other switching circuit for selecting a terminal position for applying a drive current from the four terminals of the another Hall element, the terminal position selected by the another switching circuit being different from the terminal position selected by the switching circuit;a chopper clock generation circuit for supplying a chopper clock signal to the switching circuit and ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR

A magnetic field sensor for a position transducer having processing and control electronics for outputtomg signals of the magnetic field sensor and a permanent magnet exciter array has at least three Hall elements for registering the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet array. The Hall elements are formed and arranged on a semiconductor IC and spaced in such a manner that their active surfaces lie in a common plane parallel to the surface of the semiconductor IC. A single deflecting body made of ferromagnetic material is is produced and installed as an independent component separate from the semiconductor IC, and the mutual distances of the Hall elements on the surface of the semiconductor IC comprise a multiple of the maximum dimensional extent of the Hall elements. 1. Magnetic field sensor , comprising:at least three Hall elements for a position transducer, the Hall elements being formed and located with mutual distances on a semiconductor integrated circuit such that their active surfaces lie in a common plane parallel to an upper surface of the semiconductor integrated circuit,processing and control electronics for outputting signals of the magnetic field sensor,a permanent magnet exciter array, a magnetic field direction of which is to be detected by means of the Hall elements, anda single deflecting body made of a ferromagnetic material, arranged such that field lines emanating from the permanent magnet exciter array, which, in the absence of the deflecting body, would run parallel to the common plane of the active surfaces of the Hall elements, receive at least one directional component perpendicularly penetrating the active surfaces,wherein the deflecting body is produced and installed as an independent component separate from the semiconductor integrated circuit, and that the mutual distances of the Hall elements on the surface of the semiconductor integrated circuit are a multiple of a maximum dimensional extent of the Hall elements themselves. ...

Hall effect current sensor for medium-voltage applications

A current sensor for measuring medium-voltage currents. The current sensor includes an input terminal configured to receive a current, an output terminal configured to transmit the current, a closed core made from a magnetic material and comprising a gap, at least one conductor operably connected to the input terminal and the output terminal and passing through the closed core, the at least one conductor sized to carry the current, and a molded case of solid dielectric material configured to encapsulate the closed core and the at least one conductor, wherein the gap and the terminals are not encapsulated by the molded case. The molded case is dimensioned such that internal and external spacings defined by the molded case are suitable for continuous operation with a medium voltage current as applied to the terminals and the at least one conductor while the core is at ground potential.

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR

A magnetic field sensor includes: a circuit board having a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a recess extending from the first surface to the second surface; a Hall sensor component having a Hall sensor situated in a housing, the Hall sensor component having an active sensor area situated parallel to the first surface and in the area of the recess on the side of the second surface on the circuit board; and a first magnetic flux concentrator made of a magnetically permeable material and situated on the side of the first surface opposite to the Hall sensor component, the magnetic flux concentrator having a lateral surface which faces away from the circuit board and includes a first surface area and a lateral surface which faces toward the circuit board and includes a second surface area which is smaller than the first surface area. 1. A magnetic field sensor , comprising:a circuit board having a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a recess extending from the first surface to the second surface;a Hall sensor component having a housing and at least one Hall sensor situated in the housing, wherein the Hall sensor has an active sensor area which is situated parallel to the first surface and in the area of the recess on the side of the second surface on the circuit board; anda first magnetic flux concentrator made of a magnetically permeable material and situated on the side of the first surface on the circuit board opposite to the Hall sensor component, wherein the first magnetic flux concentrator has a first lateral surface which faces away from the circuit board and includes a first surface area and a second lateral surface which faces toward the circuit board and includes a second surface area, and wherein the first surface area is greater than the second surface area.2. The magnetic field sensor as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first magnetic flux concentrator has a trapezoidal cross-sectional area.3. ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR REDUCING A TRANSIENT SIGNAL IN A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR

A magnetic field sensor includes a compensation loop coupled in series with normal circuit couplings in order to reduce a transient signal that would otherwise be generated when the magnetic field sensor experiences a high rate of change of magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic field sensor is a current sensor responsive to a magnetic field generated by a current-carrying conductor. 1. A magnetic field sensor , comprising:a lead frame comprising: a base plate, a ground pin coupled to the base plate, and a signal output pin;a circuit die disposed upon the base plate, the circuit die comprising one or more circuit conductive traces coupled in series between the around pin and the signal output pin;a circuit loop comprising a conductive path between the ground pin and the signal output pin, wherein the conductive path comprises the one or more circuit conductive traces, wherein the circuit loop has a circuit loop interior area;a compensated signal output node coupled to the signal output pin; and 'a compensation loop coupled in a series arrangement with the circuit loop, wherein the compensation loop has a compensation loop interior area, wherein the compensation loop interior area is selected to be related to the interior area of the circuit loop, wherein a path traversing the circuit loop in a direction from a first end of the series arrangement to a second end of the series arrangement has a circuit loop rotation direction opposite from a compensation loop rotation direction traversing the compensation loop along the same path, and wherein the compensation loop interior area and the compensation loop rotation direction are selected to result in a reduction of an overshoot or an undershoot of an output signal at the compensated signal output node resulting from the circuit loop experiencing a rapid change in flux of the magnetic field.', 'a conductive structure, comprising2. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a circuit board within ...

Electronic Device and Method for Start-Up of an Electronic Device

An electronic device, comprising: a housing having at least one chamber; a magnetic element guideway for accommodating and guiding a magnetic element, wherein the magnetic element guideway enables positioning of an accommodated magnetic element in at least two magnetic element positions relative to the housing. A control and evaluation circuit is arranged in the chamber and has two Hall sensors for registering at least one component of a first local magnetic field at the respective site of the first Hall sensor and for the providing, in each case, a signal, which depends on the local magnetic field registered at the first site. The two Hall sensors have relative to the housing, in each case, a defined position, wherein the control circuit is suitable based on the signals to detect whether a magnetic element is present in the magnetic element guideway, and in case yes, based on at least one of the signals, to detect whether the magnetic element is located in the first defined magnetic element position or has been moved from this position. 113-. (canceled)14. An electronic device , comprising:a housing, which has at least one chamber in its interior;a magnetic element guideway for accommodating and guiding a magnetic element, wherein the magnetic element guideway enables positioning of an accommodated magnetic element in at least two defined magnetic element positions relative to the housing;a magnetic element; anda control and evaluation circuit, which is arranged in the chamber and has a first Hall sensor for registering at least one component of a first local magnetic field at the site of said first Hall sensor and for providing a first signal, which depends on the local magnetic field registered at the first site, wherein the first Hall sensor has a first defined position relative to the housing; anda second Hall sensor for registering at least one component of a second local magnetic field at the site of said second Hall sensor and for providing a second signal, ...

Magnetic-Field Direction Measuring Apparatus, Rotation Angle Measuring Apparatus, and Magnetic-Field Measuring Apparatus

The magnetic-field direction measuring apparatus includes a substantially rectangular rotation angle measuring chip, and a first magnetic field sensor and a second magnetic field sensor disposed substantially on a circumference centered around a predetermined point on a surface of the rotation angle measuring chip serving as a circle center point, the first magnetic field sensor detecting a magnetic component in a first direction, the second magnetic field sensor detecting a magnetic component in a second direction different from the first direction. The first magnetic field sensor and the second magnetic field sensor are positioned line-symmetrically with respect to a straight line on the surface of the substrate which is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the rotation angle measuring chip or a transverse direction of the rotation angle measuring chip and which serves as an axis of symmetry.

Arrangements For An Integrated Sensor

An integrated circuit can have a first substrate supporting a magnetic field sensing element and a second substrate supporting another magnetic field sensing element. The first and second substrates can be arranged in a variety of configurations. Another integrated circuit can have a first magnetic field sensing element and second different magnetic field sensing element disposed on surfaces thereof.

Techniques for calibrating a linear position sensor

Techniques are described for sensing a position of an object located within an enclosure over a position range. The techniques include generating an expected output signal of each of a plurality of magnetic field sensors disposed along an outer surface of the enclosure, receiving actual output signals from the sensors, wherein each actual output signal indicates a relative proximity of a magnetic target coupled to the object to the corresponding sensor. The techniques further include superimposing the expected output signal over the actual output signals, and iteratively shifting the expected output signal over position relative to the actual output signals and comparing the shifted expected output signal to the actual output signals, until the expected output signal compared to the actual output signals corresponds to a substantially minimized error parameter. The position of the object may then be determined based at least in part on the shifted expected output signal.

Hall Effect Device

Embodiments of the present invention provide a Hall effect device that includes a Hall effect region of a first semiconductive type, at least three contacts and a lateral conductive structure. The Hall effect region is formed in or on top of a substrate, wherein the substrate includes an isolation arrangement to isolate the Hall effect region in a lateral direction and in a depth direction from the substrate or other electronic devices in the substrate. The at least three contacts are arranged at a top of the Hall effect region to supply the Hall effect device with electric energy and to provide a Hall effect signal indicative of the magnetic field, wherein the Hall effect signal is generated in a portion of the Hall effect region defined by the at least three contacts. The lateral conductive structure is located between the Hall effect region and the isolation arrangement.

Offset error compensation systems and methods in sensors

Embodiments relate to reducing offset error in sensor systems. In embodiments, the sensitivity and offset of a sensor depend differently on some parameter, e.g. voltage, such that operating the sensor at two different values of the parameter can cancel the offset error. Embodiments can have applicability to stress sensors, Hall plates, vertical Hall devices, magnetoresistive sensors and others.

Magnetic Transducer And Current Transducer For Measuring An Electrical Current

The invention concerns a magnetic transducer comprising a magnetic field sensor and an electronic circuit. The electronic circuit comprises at least one current source, a transformer, a fully differential preamplifier coupled to the transformer, a phase sensitive detector coupled to the preamplifier and a logic block configured to operate the magnetic field sensor(s) to provide an AC output voltage. The magnetic field sensor(s) is preferably either a Hall element or an AMR sensor or a fluxgate sensor. The invention further concerns a current transducer for measuring a current flowing through a cable, comprising at least one such magnetic transducer and a head with one or more ferromagnetic cores optimized to reduce the effects of external magnetic fields. 1. Magnetic transducer , comprisinga magnetic field sensor, andan electronic circuit comprisinga current source providing a supply current,a transformer comprising two input terminals and two output terminals,a fully differential preamplifier comprising two input terminals and two output terminals, the two input terminals coupled to said two output terminals of the transformer,a phase sensitive detector comprising two input terminals coupled to the output terminals of the preamplifier and providing a DC output voltage, anda logic block configured to operate the magnetic field sensor to provide an AC output voltage, whereinthe magnetic field sensor is a Hall element comprising four terminals serving to receive a supply current and to deliver an output voltage and the logic block comprises circuitry to couple the Hall element to the current source and to the input terminals of the transformer according to a predetermined spinning current scheme, or whereinthe magnetic field sensor is an AMR sensor comprising four terminals serving to receive a supply current and to deliver an output voltage and two terminals serving to receive set and reset current pulses that change the polarity of the output voltage, wherein the ...

Antenna System

An antenna system for us in detecting electromagnetic and/or magneto inductive said antenna system further comprising at least two semi-conductor sensor arrays operable to detect in magnetic field component of the electromagnetic and/or magneto-inductive signals, the arrays arranged to be operable for tri-axial detection of the magnetic field component; at least two output means where an output means is associated with each sensor array and operable to output a signal indicative of the detected magnetic field; and detection means operable to receive said sensor array outputs and operable to act upon said received outputs to generate a signal indicative of the detected electromagnetic and/or magneto-inductive signal. 1. An antenna system for us in detecting electromagnetic and/or magneto inductive said antenna system further comprising:at least two semi-conductor sensor arrays operable to detect in magnetic field component of the electromagnetic and/or magneto-inductive signals, the arrays arranged to be operable for tri-axial detection of the magnetic field component;at least two output means where an output means is associated with each sensor array and operable to output a signal indicative of the detected magnetic field; anddetection means operable to receive said sensor array outputs and operable to act upon said received outputs to generate a signal indicative of the detected electromagnetic and/or magneto-inductive signal.2. An antenna system as claimed in wherein the antenna system is operable to be a radio frequency antenna system.3. An antenna system as claimed in wherein the antenna system is operable to work under water.4. An antenna system as claimed in wherein each sensor array is formed off at least one Hall effect sensor.5. An antenna system as claimed in wherein each sensor array is formed of a plurality of Hall effect sensors.6. An antenna system as claimed in wherein each Hall effect sensor is a gallium arsenide sensor.7. An antenna system as ...

Hall Effect Device

A hall effect device includes an active Hall region in a semiconductor substrate, and at least four terminal structures, each terminal structure including a switchable supply contact element and a sense contact element, wherein each supply contact element includes a transistor element with a first transistor terminal, a second transistor terminal, and a control terminal, wherein the second transistor terminal contacts the active Hall region or extends in the active Hall region; and wherein the sense contact elements are arranged in the active Hall region and neighboring to the switchable supply contact elements. 1. A Hall effect device , comprising:an active Hall region in a semiconductor substrate, andat least four terminal structures, each terminal structure comprising a switchable supply contact element and a sense contact element,wherein each supply contact element comprises a transistor element with a first transistor terminal, a second transistor terminal, and a control terminal,wherein the second transistor terminal contacts the active Hall region or extends in the active Hall region; andwherein the sense contact elements are arranged in the active Hall region and neighboring to the switchable supply contact elements.2. The Hall effect device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least four terminal structures form a first pair of opposing terminal structures and a second pair of opposing terminal structures claim 1 , and wherein a first conjugation line between the opposing terminal structures of the first pair and a second conjugation line between the opposing terminal structures of the second pair orthogonally intersect in a center point of the active Hall region.3. The Hall effect device according to claim 2 , wherein the first pair of opposing terminal structures comprises a first pair of opposing supply contact elements and a first pair of opposing sense contact elements claim 2 , and wherein the second pair of opposing terminal structures comprises a ...

Apparatus and Method for Providing an Output Signal Indicative of a Speed of Rotation and a Direction of Rotation of a Ferromagnetic Object

An apparatus and a method provide an output signal indicative of a speed of rotation and a direction of rotation of a ferromagnetic object capable of rotating. A variety of signal formats of the output signal are described. 1. A rotation detector , comprising:a magnetic field sensor for providing an output signal proportional to a magnetic field associated with a ferromagnetic object capable of rotating;one or more detector circuits coupled to receive the output signal from the magnetic field sensor, each configured to detect a rotation of the ferromagnetic object, the one or more detector circuits configured to generate a respective one or more output signals, each output signal having respective rising and falling edges; and 'a plurality of pulses, each one of the plurality of pulses having a leading edge with a transition direction indicative of the direction of rotation.', 'an output protocol circuit coupled to receive the one or more output signals from the one or more detector circuits and configured to generate an output signal indicative of a speed of rotation of the ferromagnetic object and also indicative of a direction of rotation of the ferromagnetic object, wherein the output signal generated by the output protocol circuit comprises2. The rotation detector of claim 1 , wherein a frequency of the plurality of pulses is indicative Of the speed of rotation of the ferromagnetic object.3. The rotation detector of claim 1 , wherein ones of the plurality of pulses have time durations in a range of about five to five hundred milliseconds.48-. (canceled)9. The rotation detector of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pulses comprise current pulses.10. The rotation detector of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pulses comprise voltage pulses.11. The rotation detector of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic field sensor comprises:a first Hall effect element; anda second Hall effect element disposed a distance away from the first Hall effect element.12. The rotation ...

HALL SENSORS AND SENSING METHODS

Embodiments relate to multi-terminal sensor devices and operating methods thereof that can reduce or eliminate offset error. In embodiments, sensor devices can comprise three or fewer terminals, and multiple such sensor devices can be combined. The sensor devices can comprise Hall sensor devices, such as vertical Hall devices, or other sensor devices in embodiments. Operating modes can be implemented for the multi-terminal sensor devices which offer improvements over conventional spinning current techniques, including reduced residual offset. 1. A magnetic field sensor comprising:a Hall region comprising no more than three terminals; andcircuitry configured to selectively couple at least two of the no more than three terminals as supply terminals and two of the no more than three terminals as signal terminals in each of three operating phases, such that each of the no more than three terminals is coupled as a supply terminal in the same number of operating phases as the others of the no more than three terminals, and each of the no more than three terminals is coupled as a signal terminal in the same number of operating phases as the others of the no more than three terminals.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the Hall region comprises a Hall plate.3. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the no more than three terminals are symmetrically arranged on the Hall plate.4. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the no more than three terminals are equidistantly spaced from one another on the Hall plate.5. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the Hall region comprises a tub claim 1 , and the sensor comprises a vertical Hall sensor.6. The sensor of claim 1 , further comprising an isolation tub surrounding the Hall region.7. The sensor of claim 6 , wherein the Hall region comprises an n-Hall region claim 6 , the no more than three terminals comprise n+-contacts claim 6 , and the isolation tub comprises a p-tub.8. The sensor of claim 6 , further comprising an isolation trench surrounding the ...

LOW-NOISE MAGNETIC SENSORS

Magnetic sensors are disclosed, as well as methods for fabricating and using the same. In some embodiments, an EMR effect sensor includes a semiconductor layer. In some embodiments, the EMR effect sensor may include a conductive layer substantially coupled to the semiconductor layer. In some embodiments, the EMR effect sensor may include a voltage lead coupled to the conductive layer. In some embodiments, the voltage lead may be configured to provide a voltage for measurement by a voltage measurement circuit. In some embodiments, the EMR effect sensor may include a second voltage lead coupled to the semiconductor layer. In some embodiments, the second voltage lead may be configured to provide a voltage for measurement by a voltage measurement circuit. Embodiments of a Hall effect sensor having the same or similar structure are also disclosed. 1. A sensor , comprising:a semiconductor layer;a conductive layer on a first side of the semiconductor layer, the conductive layer coupled to the first side of the semiconductor layer;a voltage lead coupled to the conductive layer opposite the semiconductor layer, the voltage lead configured to provide a voltage for measurement by a voltage measurement circuit;a first current lead coupled to a second side of the semiconductor layer, the current lead configured to provide a current for measurement by a current measurement circuit; anda second current lead coupled to the second side of the semiconductor layer.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second side of the semiconductor layer is opposite the first side of the semiconductor layer.3. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the voltage measurement is between the voltage lead and the second current lead.4. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein the voltage measurement is between the voltage lead and the second current lead.5. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of gold (Au) claim 1 , copper (Cu) claim 1 , silver (Ag) ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING DIRECTION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD

An integrated system of sensors that can be used to detect a direction of an externally applied magnetic field is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system can be incorporated into a compact package that can be used within an electronic device. A processor can use signals provided by the sensor system to provide an indication of the direction of the externally applied magnetic field. In one embodiment, the sensors can take the form of analog sensors such as Hall Effect sensors configured in such a way that the direction of the externally applied magnetic field can be deduced based in part upon detection signals provided by the Hall Effect sensors. In one embodiment, the Hall Effect sensors can be stacked one atop the other in such a way that relative signal strength of the detection signals from the sensors can indicate the direction of the externally applied magnetic field. 1. A sensor system configured to detect a direction of a magnetic source with respect to the sensor system , the magnetic source emitting a magnetic field , the sensor system comprising:a first magnetic sensor configured to provide a first detection signal corresponding to a first magnetic field strength,a second magnetic sensor configured to provide a second detection signal corresponding to a second magnetic field strength that is different than the first magnetic field strength, the second magnetic sensor disposed a first distance from the first magnetic sensor; anda comparator in electrical communication with the first and second magnetic sensors, wherein the comparator is configured to determine a direction of the magnetic source by comparing the first detection signal to the second detection signal, wherein the direction of the magnetic source corresponds to a greater of the first detection signal or the second detection signal.2. The sensor system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first and second sensors are disposed in a single substrate.3. The sensor system as recited in claim 2 , ...

Resistive Element

A resistive element includes a resistive region in a semiconductor substrate, a first contact structure and a second contact structure. The semiconductor substrate includes a first main surface area. The resistive region extends in a lateral direction parallel to the main surface area and in a vertical direction perpendicular to the main surface area, and includes a first piezo-resistive coefficient for a current flow in the lateral direction and a second piezo-resistive coefficient for a current flow in the vertical direction. The first contact structure contacts a portion of a first face of the resistive region and the second contact structure contacts a portion of a second face of the resistive region. The resistive element generates a current flow distribution within the resistive region having a lateral component and a vertical component that results in a piezo-resistive coefficient of the resistive element.

Magnetic field sensor arrangement and current transducer therewith

Magnetic field sensor arrangement for positioning in a gap formed between end faces ( 12 ) of a magnetic core ( 4 ), comprising a magnetic field detector ( 5 ), a housing ( 10 ), and a grounding device ( 8 ), the magnetic field sensor and grounding device being mounted to the housing. The grounding device comprises at least one contact ( 20 ) elastically supported and configured for electrical contact with the magnetic core. The elastically supported contact is mounted adjacent a sensing portion of the magnetic field sensor and configured for insertion in the magnetic circuit core gap such that the contact elastically biases against the end face of the magnetic core.

LOW PROFILE MAGNETORESISTIVE IMAGING SENSOR ARRAY

A low profile magnetoresistive imaging sensor array based on the principle of magnetic induction, which reduces a distance between a medium imaging sensor array and a medium by optimizing the arrangement of an application integrated circuit and a sensing element array and using an electric connection technology which can reduce the distance between the medium imaging sensor array and the medium, thereby increasing the resolution of the existing medium imaging sensor. The low profile magnetoresistive imaging sensor array comprises a sensing element array and an application integrated circuit, and also comprises a circuit which provides a power for the sensing element array, a magnetoresistive sensing element array selection circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a digitizer, a memory circuit, and a microprocessor. Additionally, the sensing element array comprises at least one magnetoresistive sensing element. 1. A low profile magnetoresistive imaging sensor array , for reading an image from a medium carrying a magnetic mark , and comprising an electronic subassembly , wherein the electronic subassembly comprises:a) at least one sensing element array, and the sensing element array comprising at least one magnetoresistive sensing element;b) at least one sensing element array substrate, each sensing element array being located on a top surface of one sensing element array substrate, and each sensing element array substrate further comprising a bottom surface;c) an induction plane, the induction plane passing through the geometric center of the sensing element array and being parallel to the top surface of the sensing element array substrate; andd) a system circuit network, the system circuit network comprising one or more application integrated circuits electronically connected to the sensing element array;wherein in a direction toward the medium, the electronic subassembly has a maximum extension plane parallel to the induction plane, a maximum extension distance is ...

Offset calculation device and azimuth sensor therewith

For triaxial magnetic detection data sequentially acquired as data points in a triaxial coordinate system, an offset calculation unit 30 calculates virtual data points P 1 ′-P 6 ′ by evenly parallel-translating each of data points P 1 -P 7 so that a reference data point P 7 , for example, arbitrarily chosen from the data points P 1 -P 7 coincides with an origin point O. A virtual offset point C′ for which the sum of the distances between the virtual data points P 1 ′-P 6 ′ and a curved surface H 1 passing through the origin point O is minimized is then calculated. An offset value C for the magnetic detection data is then calculated by parallel-translating the virtual offset point C′ so as to restore the parallel-translated portion.

MULTIPLE ROW SENSING DEVICE FOR A TIRE

A sensor device is provided for use in tire inspection. The sensor device is configured for removable placement along the inner surface of the tire. The sensor device includes multiple rows of sensors, which are used to provide signals that can compensate for the effect of vibrations or mechanical agitation as the sensors are passed over the inner surface of the tire. The sensor device may have a profile that allows for placement of the multiple rows of sensors in close proximity to the inner surface of the tire. 1. A sensor device for tire inspection that is removably positionable along an inner surface of a tire , the tire defining radial , axial , and circumferential directions , the device comprising:a body comprising an outermost inspection surface configured for placement along the inner surface of the tire;an aperture defined by the outermost inspection surface; anda plurality of sensors positioned within the aperture define by the outermost inspection surface, the plurality of sensors arranged linearly along multiple rows that are adjacent to each other.2. The sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the multiple rows of sensors comprise:a first row arranged linearly along a first axis; anda second row arranged linearly along a second axis;wherein the first axis and the second axis are parallel to each other.3. The sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the multiple rows of sensors comprise:a first row arranged linearly along a first axis; anda second row arranged linearly along a second axis;wherein the first axis and the second axis form a non-zero angle of about 5 degrees or less from each other.4. The sensor device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensors comprises Hall Effect sensors for measuring changes in magnetic flux.5. The sensor device of claim 4 , wherein each row of sensors comprises thirty two Hall Effect sensors positioned at intervals of about 2.5 mm.6. The sensor device of claim 4 , further comprising at least one magnet positioned adjacent to ...

MAGNETIC POSITION SENSORS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Magnetic position sensors, systems and methods are disclosed. In an embodiment, a position sensing system includes a magnetic field source; and a sensor module spaced apart from the magnetic field source, at least one of the magnetic field source or the sensor module configured to move relative to the other along a path, the sensor module configured to determine a position of the magnetic field source relative to the sensor module from a nonlinear function of a ratio of a first component of a magnetic field of the magnetic field source to a second component of the magnetic field of the magnetic field source. 14-. (canceled)5. A method of sensing a linear position of an object comprising:coupling one of a permanent magnet or a sensor to the object, the permanent magnet being magnetized in a z-direction;arranging the other of the sensor or the permanent magnet proximate to and spaced apart from the one of the permanent magnet or the sensor in a y-direction;sensing a change in an x-direction of a magnetic field component Bz of the permanent magnet by a first sensor element of the sensor;sensing a change in the y-direction of the magnetic field component Bz of the permanent magnet by a second sensor element of the sensor;determining a ratio of dBz/dx to dBz/dy; anddetermining a position of the object on the path from the ratio.6. A method of sensing a linear position of an object comprising:coupling one of a permanent magnet or a sensor to the object, the permanent magnet being magnetized in a y-direction;arranging the other of the a sensor or the permanent magnet proximate to and spaced apart from the one of the permanent magnet or the sensor in a y-direction and a z-direction;sensing a Bx component of a magnetic field of the permanent magnet by a first sensor element of the sensor;sensing a Bz component of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by a second sensor element of the sensor;determining a nonlinear function of Bx and Bz; anddetermining a position of the ...

PLANAR HALL EFFECT SENSORS

A planar Hall effect (PHE) sensor for measuring at an external magnetic field includes a plurality of elongated magnetic regions. Each magnetic region includes a ferromagnetic material that is magnetized along a longitudinal axis. The magnetic regions cross one another at an overlap region that is characterized by a plurality of easy magnetic axes. At least two pairs of electrical leads are each aligned along one of the easy magnetic axes. A current source may be connected to a first pair of the electrical leads to cause a current to flow through the overlap region along a first easy magnetic axis. A voltage measurement device may be connected to another pair of the electrical leads to measure a PHE voltage that is generated by a component of the external magnetic field that is perpendicular to the easy magnetic axis along which the overlap region is magnetized. 1. A planar Hall effect (PHE) sensor for measuring at least one component of an external magnetic field , the sensor comprising:a plurality of elongated magnetic regions, each elongated magnetic region comprising a ferromagnetic material that is magnetized, in the absence of the external magnetic field, along a longitudinal axis along the elongated dimension of the elongated magnetic region, said plurality of elongated magnetic regions crossing one another at an overlap region, the overlap region being characterized by a plurality of easy magnetic axes;at least two pairs of electrical leads, at least one of the pairs being aligned along one easy magnetic axis of said plurality of easy magnetic axes;a current source that, when connected to a first pair of said at least two pairs of electrical leads, is operable to cause a current to flow through the overlap region along a first easy magnetic axis with which the first pair is aligned; anda voltage measurement device, when connected to electrical leads of at least one other pair of said at least two electrical leads and when the current flows through the ...

Vertical hall sensor structure

A vertical Hall sensor structure having a substrate layer, a semiconductor area of a first conductivity type, at least a first, a second and a third semiconductor contact area of the first conductivity type extending from an upper surface of the semiconductor area into the semiconductor area, and at least a first semiconductor contact area of a second conductivity type, wherein the semiconductor contact areas of the first conductivity type are spaced apart from each other and a metal connection contact layer is arranged on each semiconductor contact area of the first conductivity type. The first semiconductor contact area of the second conductivity type is adjacent to the first semiconductor contact area of the first conductivity type or is spaced at a distance of at most 0.2 μm from the first semiconductor contact area of the first conductivity type.

Method for positioning a magnetic device

A method for positioning a magnetic device providing an impulse ring forming a coder and at least three magnetic detection cells forming a magnetic sensor. The impulse ring being provided with a target having pairs of magnetic poles. The number of pair of magnetic poles being counted. The magnetic detection cells are positioned around the target of the impulse ring according to the number of pair of magnetic poles and according to the number of detection cells.

MAGNETIC SENSOR AND AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

The present teaching relates to a magnetic sensor residing in a housing. The magnetic sensor includes an input port and an output port, both extending from the housing, wherein the input port is to be connected to an external alternating current (AC) power supply. The magnetic sensor also includes an electric circuit which comprises an output control circuit coupled with the output port and configured to be at least responsive to a magnetic induction signal and the external AC power supply to control the magnetic sensor to operate in a state in which a load current flows through the output port. The magnetic induction signal is indicative of at least one characteristic of an external magnetic field detected by the electrical circuit and the operating frequency of the magnetic sensor is positively proportional to the frequency of the external AC power supply. 1. A magnetic sensor , comprising:a housing;an input port and an output port, both extending from the housing, wherein the input port is to be connected to an external alternating current (AC) power supply; and an output control circuit coupled with the output port and configured to be at least responsive to a magnetic induction signal to control the magnetic sensor to operate in at least one of a first state and a second state, wherein', 'in the first state, a load current flows in a first direction from the output port to outside of the magnetic sensor,', 'in the second state, a load current flows in a second direction opposite of the first direction from outside of the magnetic sensor into the magnetic sensor via the output port, and', 'the operating frequency of the magnetic sensor is positively proportional to the frequency of the external AC power supply., 'an electrical circuit which comprises2. The magnetic sensor of claim 1 , wherein the electrical circuit further comprising a magnetic field detecting circuit configured to detect an external magnetic field and output the magnetic induction signal that ...

MAGNETIC SENSING SYSTEM FOR A ROTARY CONTROL DEVICE

A control device includes a moving portion, a magnetic element coupled to the moving portion, at least one magnetic sensing circuit responsive to magnetic fields, and at least one magnetic flux pipe structure. The magnetic element may comprise alternating positive and negative sections configured to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic element may be any shape, such as circular, linear, etc. The magnetic sensing circuit may be radially offset from the magnetic element, and the magnetic flux pipe structure may be configured to conduct the magnetic field generated by the magnetic element towards the magnetic sensing circuit. The magnetic element may generate the magnetic field in a first plane, and the magnetic sensing may be responsive to magnetic fields in a second direction that is angularly offset from the first plane. The magnetic flux pipe structure may redirect the magnetic field towards the magnetic sensing circuit in the second direction. 1. A control device comprising:a moving portion;a magnetic element coupled to the moving portion, the magnetic element comprising alternating positive and negative sections configured to generate a magnetic field in a first direction;at least one magnetic sensing circuit responsive to magnetic fields in a second direction that is angularly offset from the first direction; andat least one magnetic flux pipe structure configured to conduct the magnetic field generated by the magnetic element and redirect the magnetic field towards the at least one magnetic sensing sensor circuit in the second direction.2. The control device of claim 1 , wherein the angular offset is a 90 degree offset.3. The control device of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic sensing circuit comprises a Hall-effect sensing circuit.4. The control device of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic element comprises a circular magnetic element claim 1 , and wherein the moving portion comprises a rotating portion.5. The control device of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic ...

MAGNETIC SENSOR AND AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

The present teaching relates to a magnetic sensor comprising an input port to be connected to an external power supply, a magnetic field detecting circuit configured to generate a magnet detection signal, an output control circuit configured to control operation of the magnetic sensor in response to the magnet detection signal, and an output port. The magnetic field detecting circuit includes a magnetic sensing element configured to detect an external magnetic field and output a detection signal, a signal processing element configured to amplify the detection signal and removing interference from the detection signal to generate processed detection signal, and an analog-digital conversion element configured to convert the processed detection signal into a magnet detection signal, and the output control circuit is configured to control the magnetic sensor to operate in at least one of a first state and a second state responsive to at least the magnet detection signal. 1. A magnetic sensor , comprising:an input port to be connected to an external power supply;a magnetic field detecting circuit configured to generate a magnet detection signal;an output control circuit configured to control operation of the magnetic sensor in response to the magnet detection signal; andan output port, a magnetic sensing element configured to detect an external magnetic field and output a detection signal,', 'a signal processing element configured to amplify the detection signal and removing interference from the detection signal to generate processed detection signal, and', 'a conversion element configured to convert the processed detection signal into the magnet detection signal, which is used to control the magnetic sensor to operate in at least one of a first state and a second state responsive to at least the magnet detection signal, wherein', 'in the first state, a load current flows from the output port to outside of the magnetic sensor, and', 'in the second state, a load current ...

Absolute positions detectors

Example apparatus for absolute position detection are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a housing and digit gears coupled to the housing to rotate about respective parallel axes. Each digit gear has a first portion including a first set of teeth disposed about an entire circumference of the first portion and a second portion including a second set of teeth disposed about only a portion of a circumference of the second portion. Each digit gear is to correspond to a respective digit in a code representing an absolute position of a shaft. A respective idler gear between each adjacent pair of the digit gears is to be intermeshed with the first set of teeth of one of the digit gears and the second set of teeth of the other one of the digit gears.

APPARATUS FOR FLOOR CLEANING, WITH IMPROVED KEY

Apparatus for floor cleaning, having a cavity that opens on the dashboard, a plurality of mechanically similar interchangeable keys, and suitable to be inserted completely into and operate with said cavity, two or more Hall-effect sensors arranged outside said cavity, at least one first key containing at least one magnet, and at least one second key including at least one respective second magnet, which are in functional correspondence with respective predefined sensors. 1. Apparatus for floor cleaning , and comprising:a dashboard and a cavity,a plurality of keys which are mechanically interchangeable and similar to each other, and able of being fully introduced and working with said cavity,two or more sensors operating according the Hall effect, placed outside said cavity and substantially adjacent to a respective wall of it, wherein:at least a first key contains a single magnet able of functionally corresponding to a first sensor,at least a second key includes a second magnet able of functionally corresponding to a second sensor,{'b': '2', 'said sensors are arranged along a right line (R) outside said cavity,'}the insertion direction of said keys into said cavity is basically orthogonal to said right line.2. Apparatus for floor cleaning according to claim 1 , wherein that at least a third key is provided with more than a magnet claim 1 , in that said magnets are aligned along the same right line claim 1 , and in that claim 1 , during the insertion run of said keys into said cavity. said first right line and said right line of alignment of said sensors do approach to each other claim 1 , keeping on staying parallel.3. Apparatus for floor cleaning according to claim 1 , wherein said right line of alignment of said magnets is arranged at a consistent distance from the respective keys heads.4. Apparatus for floor cleaning according to claim 1 , wherein at least two distinct keys are provided with a same couple of magnets and corresponding sensors claim 1 , wherein ...

HALL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT AND CORRESPONDING METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OF A HALL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT USING WAFER STACKING

A Hall integrated circuit including a vertical Hall element, having a first wafer and a second wafer, the second wafer including a CMOS substrate integrating a CMOS processing circuit coupled to the vertical Hall element and a stack of dielectric layers, and the first wafer including a Hall-sensor layer having a first surface and a second surface, the first and second wafers being bonded with the interposition of a dielectric layer arranged above the first surface of the Hall-sensor layer. The vertical Hall element has: at least a first Hall terminal; at least a second Hall terminal; a deep trench isolation ring extending through the Hall-sensor layer from the first surface to the second surface and enclosing and isolating a Hall sensor region of the Hall-sensor layer; and a first and a second conductive structures electrically connected to respective contact pads embedded in the stack of the second wafer. 1. A Hall integrated circuit including a vertical Hall element , comprising a first wafer and a second wafer stacked in a vertical direction , the second wafer comprising a CMOS substrate integrating a CMOS processing circuit configured to be coupled to the vertical Hall element and a stack of dielectric layers arranged on the CMOS substrate , and the first wafer comprising a Hall-sensor layer having a first surface and a second surface opposed along the vertical direction and extending in a horizontal plane , orthogonal to the vertical direction , the first and second wafers being bonded with the interposition of a dielectric layer arranged above the first surface of the Hall-sensor layer ,{'b': '100', 'wherein the vertical Hall element comprisesat least a first Hall terminal, being a first doped region arranged at the first surface of the Hall-sensor layer;at least a second Hall terminal, being a second doped region arranged at the second surface of the Hall-sensor layer aligned to the first doped region along the vertical direction and separated therefrom by ...

MAGNETIC SENSOR AND HALL SENSOR, EACH USING ANOMALOUS HALL EFFECT, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HALL SENSOR

Provided is a magnetic sensor using an anomalous Hall effect. Nonmagnetic metal layers are disposed on and below a ferromagnetic material so as to form a Hall voltage corresponding to a change in applied magnetic field. Linearity and saturation magnetization of the magnetic sensor depend on a thickness of the nonmagnetic metal layer and a thickness of the ferromagnetic material. In addition, provided is a Hall sensor using an anomalous Hall effect. Nonmagnetic metal layers are formed with respect to a ferromagnetic layer, and CoFeSiB constituting the ferromagnetic layer has a thickness ranging from 10 Å to 45 Å. A magnetic easy axis is formed in a direction perpendicular to an interface due to interface inducing action of the nonmagnetic metal layers. In addition, the Hall sensor includes a sensing region having a rhombic shape, an electrode line portion having a line shape, and a pad portion. 1. A magnetic sensor using an anomalous Hall effect , comprising:a lower nonmagnetic metal layer which is formed on a substrate and has a polycrystalline structure;a ferromagnetic layer which is formed on the lower nonmagnetic metal layer and in which an anomalous Hall effect is generated by an applied magnetic field; andan upper nonmagnetic metal layer which is formed on the ferromagnetic layer and has a polycrystalline structure.2. The magnetic sensor of claim 1 , wherein the ferromagnetic layer has a thickness that is greater than or equal to that of the lower nonmagnetic metal layer or the upper nonmagnetic metal layer.3. The magnetic sensor of claim 2 , wherein the ferromagnetic layer includes CoFeSiB and has a thickness ranging from 10 Å to 45 Å.4. The magnetic sensor of claim 2 , wherein the lower nonmagnetic metal layer or the upper nonmagnetic metal layer includes platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd).5. The magnetic sensor of claim 4 , wherein the lower nonmagnetic metal layer is made of the same material as the upper nonmagnetic metal layer and includes platinum (Pt).6. ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS (GIC) IN HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION CONDUCTORS

An apparatus and method for measuring geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) is disclosed. The apparatus is configured to measure GICs temporarily flowing in high-voltage, 60 Hz power transmission conductors, and includes a securing means for securing the apparatus to the power transmission conductor. The apparatus further includes a flux concentrator having a toroidal ferrite core and winding wound around the core configured to capture a magnetic field from the power transmission conductor; a hall-effect sensor assembly configured to receive the magnetic field from the flux concentrator and produce a voltage signal corresponding to the magnetic field; and an electronics module configured to receive the voltage signal from the hall-effect sensor assembly, conduct measurements, and transmit the measurements to a local access point. 1. An apparatus configured to measure ground induced currents (GIC) temporarily flowing in high-voltage , 50 Hz or 60 Hz power transmission conductors , comprising:(a) a securing means for securing the apparatus to the power transmission conductor;(b) a flux concentrator having a toroidal ferrite core and winding wound around the core configured to capture a magnetic field from the power transmission conductor;(c) a hall-effect sensor assembly configured to receive the magnetic field from the flux concentrator and produce a voltage signal corresponding to the magnetic field; and(d) an electronics module configured to receive the voltage signal from the hall-effect sensor assembly, conduct measurements, and transmit the measurements to a local access point.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the securing means comprises a jaw assembly having a first jaw pivotally connected to a second jaw to allow the jaw assembly to move between an open position for receiving the power transmission conductor therein and a closed position for securing the apparatus to the power transmission conductor.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR DEVICE

Devices, methods and systems are disclosed using a first magnetic field sensor of a first type and a second magnetic field sensor of a second type different from the first type. A signal from the first sensor may be used in a first magnetic field, range, and a signal from the second sensor may be used in a second magnetic field range. 1. A magnetic field sensor device , comprising:a first magnetic field sensor of a first type,a second magnetic field sensor of a second type different from the first type, andsignal processing circuitry, the signal processing circuitry being adapted to determine a magnetic field strength based on an output signal of the first magnetic field sensor in a first magnetic field strength range and based on an output signal of the second magnetic field sensor in a second magnetic field strength range different from the first magnetic field strength range.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first magnetic field sensor comprises an XMR sensor.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the second magnetic field sensor comprises a Hall sensor.4. The device of claims 1 , wherein the second range comprises magnetic field strength values greater than magnetic field strength values of the first range.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal processing circuitry is adapted to obtain information regarding a distance between the sensor device and a magnetic element based on the magnetic field strength.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal processing circuitry is adapted to check the output signals from the first and second magnetic field sensors for consistency.7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal processing circuitry is adapted to obtain at least one of a speed Information or a direction information from the output signal of the first magnetic field sensor.8. The device of claim 7 , further comprising a third magnetic field sensor claim 7 , wherein the sensor signal processing circuitry is adapted to obtain at ...

HALL EFFECT SENSOR

A Hall effect sensor with multiple Hall effect elements, each of the Hall effect elements having a first contact terminal, a second contact terminal, and a third contact terminal arranged along a straight line. The multiple Hall effect elements are electrically connected in series in a closed circuit. The second contact terminals of the Hall effect elements are supply voltage connections or Hall voltage pickoffs, and the applicable second contact terminal of the Hall effect element is a center contact of the Hall effect element. The Hall effect elements form two pairs, and the Hall effect elements of one pair each measure the same component of a magnetic field and an operating current is impressed on the series circuit in the two Hall effect elements of this one pair, and a supply voltage is applied to the Hall effect elements of the other pair. 1. A Hall effect sensor with a plurality of Hall effect elements , each of the Hall effect elements comprisinga first contact terminal;a second contact terminal; anda third contact terminal, the first, second and third contact terminals being arranged along a straight line,wherein the plurality of Hall effect elements are electrically connected in series in a closed circuit such that the first contact terminals and the third contact terminals of individual Hall effect elements are connected to one another,wherein the second contact terminals of the Hall effect elements are supply voltage connections or Hall voltage pickoffs,wherein the applicable second contact terminal of the Hall effect element is a center contact of the Hall effect element,wherein the Hall effect elements form two pairs, and the Hall effect elements of one pair each measure a same component of a magnetic field and an operating current is impressed on the series circuit in the two Hall effect elements of this one pair, andwherein a supply voltage is applied to the Hall effect elements of the other pair, wherein an angle between straight lines within a pair ...

Magnetic Field Sensor With Shared Path Amplifier And Analog-To-Digital-Converter

A magnetic field sensor comprises at least one magnetic field sensing element configured to generate a measured magnetic field signal responsive to an external magnetic field; a diagnostic circuit configured to generate a diagnostic signal, wherein the diagnostic signal is not dependent on a measured magnetic field; a signal path comprising an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter for processing the measured magnetic field signal to generate a sensor output signal indicative of the external magnetic field during a measured time period and for processing the diagnostic signal during a diagnostic time period; and a switch coupled to receive the measured magnetic field signal and the diagnostic signal and direct the measured magnetic field signal to the signal path during the measured time period and direct the diagnostic signal to the signal path during the diagnostic time period. 1. A magnetic field sensor comprising:at least one magnetic field sensing element configured to generate a measured magnetic field signal responsive to an external magnetic field;a diagnostic circuit configured to generate a diagnostic signal, wherein the diagnostic signal is not dependent on a measured magnetic field;a signal path comprising an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter for processing the measured magnetic field signal to generate a sensor output signal indicative of the external magnetic field during a measured time period and for processing the diagnostic signal during a diagnostic time period; anda switch coupled to receive the measured magnetic field signal and the diagnostic signal and direct the measured magnetic field signal to the signal path during the measured time period and direct the diagnostic signal to the signal path during the diagnostic time period.2. The magnetic field sensor of further comprising a coil to generate the external magnetic field.3. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the diagnostic circuit is configured to generate the diagnostic ...

APPARATUS FOR MEASURE OF QUANTITY AND ASSOCIATED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

An integrated device provides a measure of a quantity dependent on current through an electrical conductor, having: a sensing and processing sub-system; an electrical conductor conducting current; an insulating material encapsulates the sensing and processing sub-system and maintains the electrical conductor in a fixed and spaced relationship to the sensing and processing sub-system. The insulating material insulates the electrical conductor from the sensing and processing sub-system. Sensing and processing sub-system sensing circuitry includes magnetic field sensing elements adjacent the electrical conductor. The sensing circuitry provides a measure of the quantity as a weighted sum and/or difference of magnetic field sensing elements outputs caused by current through the electrical conductor adjacent the magnetic field sensing elements. A voltage sensing input senses a measure of voltage associated with the current conductor. Sensing and processing sub-system output circuitry provides an output measure of the quantity from the sensed measure of current and voltage. 1. An integrated device for providing a measure of at least one quantity dependent on the current through an electrical conductor , the device comprising:a sensing and processing sub-system comprising at least a sensing face arranged to be placed in proximity to an electrical conductor conducting a current, the sensing face comprising sensing circuitry, the sensing circuitry comprising at least one magnetic field sensing element and configured to measure the quantity as a combination of outputs of the at least one magnetic field sensing element caused by the current flowing through the electrical conductor;a voltage sensing input for sensing a measure of a voltage; andinput-output circuitry arranged to provide an output measure of at least one quantity from the sensed current and the sensed voltage,wherein one or more of the at least one magnetic field sensing element is arranged to be biased by a ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR WITH STRAY FIELD IMMUNITY AND LARGE AIR GAP PERFORMANCE

A system includes a ring magnet having magnetic segments and configured to rotate about an axis of rotation, wherein adjacent segments have different magnetic polarities, The system can further include a substrate positioned so that a top surface of the substrate is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation and a center plane passing through the ring magnet and perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the ring magnet intersects the top surface at an intersection line. The system can further include four magnetic field sensing elements supported by the substrate and electrically coupled to form a first bridge circuit, wherein two of the four magnetic field sensing elements are positioned on one side of the intersection line and the other two of the four magnetic field sensing elements are positioned on the other side of the intersection line.

Magnet and method for handling metal sheets

The present invention relates to a magnet, which comprises a body and a slide that is movably arranged inside a cavity of the body. The slide that comprises a permanent magnet is moved relative to the body by transferring a medium into and out of the cavity. The invention also relates to a method for handling metal sheets. 2. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the first through hole portion and the first pole piece are cylindrical.3. The magnet according to claim 2 , wherein the second pole piece is cylindrical.4. The magnet according to claim 3 , wherein the permanent magnet is cylindrical and diameter of the permanent magnet is smaller than diameter of the first pole piece and diameter of the second pole piece.5. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein thickness of the permanent magnet is smaller than thickness of the first pole piece and thickness of the second pole piece.6. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the second through hole portion is cylindrical.7. The magnet according to claim 6 , wherein the third section is a hollow cylinder attached to a wall of the second through hole portion claim 6 , and the second section is attached to an inner wall of the third section.8. The magnet according to claim 7 , wherein inner diameter of the third section is same or larger than diameter of the first through hole portion claim 7 , and height of the third section is larger than height of the second section.9. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the second and the third section are located inside the second through hole portion.10. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the third section extends from the second end of the through hole to the first through hole portion.11. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the first section and the fourth section form an integral structure.12. The magnet according to claim 1 , wherein the magnet comprises a sealing ring attached around the slide or attached to a wall of the first through hole portion.13. ...

HALL SENSOR WITH INTERLEAVED AND/OR SLIDING AVERAGED/SUMMED SPINNING PHASES

Various embodiments discussed herein can comprises systems or methods that can improve over existing spinning current Hall sensor systems via at least one of interleaving spinning phases or sliding averaging/summing. One example embodiment can comprise a sensor system comprising M (a positive integer) spinning current Hall sensors, each of which has N (an integer greater than one) distinct spinning phases during which it can acquire sensor data, and a multiplexer that can select sensor data of the sensors according to a M×N spinning phase sensor sequence. The M×N distinct spinning phases of the sensor sequence can be interleaved, wherein the average in the time domain of the N spinning phases for each sensor is the same. For each of the M sensors, a sum and/or an average can be determined for one or more most recent representations of sensor data from that sensor. 1. An apparatus , comprising: acquire, during each spinning phase of N spinning phases of that spinning current Hall sensor, associated sensor data for that spinning phase of that spinning current Hall sensor, wherein N is an even integer greater than one; and', 'generate, for each spinning phase of the N spinning phases of that spinning current Hall sensor, a representation of the associated sensor data at an associated time instance of that sensor sequence, wherein the associated time instance corresponds to an end of that spinning phase,', 'wherein that sensor sequence comprises M×N spinning phases, wherein the M×N spinning phases comprise the N spinning phases for each spinning current Hall sensor of the M spinning current Hall sensors; and, 'M spinning current Hall sensors, wherein M is an integer greater than one, wherein, in each sensor sequence of one or more sensor sequences, each spinning current Hall sensor of the M spinning current Hall sensors is configured toa multiplexer configured to receive signals from the M spinning current Hall sensors and to output, at each associated time instance of ...

Randomized spinning of hall plates

A method of reading out a Hall plate which comprises at least 4 contacts. The method comprises: reading out two of the contacts while biasing two other contacts of the at least 4 contacts thereby obtaining a readout signal; switching biasing and readout contacts according to a random or pseudo-random sequence of phases, each phase corresponding with a different permutation of biasing and readout contacts selected from the at least 4 contacts of the Hall plate wherein the biasing and readout contacts are selected such that the readout signal is a measure for the magnetic field; processing of the readout signal to obtain a readout of the Hall plate representative for the magnetic field.

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate 10 of a first conductivity type, a vertical Hall element 100 provided on the semiconductor substrate 10, and an excitation conductor 200 provided directly above the vertical Hall element 100 with an intermediation of an insulating film 30. The vertical Hall element 100 includes a semiconductor layer 101 of a second conductivity type provided on the semiconductor substrate 10, and a plurality of electrodes 111 through 115 each constituted from a high-concentration second conductivity type impurity region and provided on the surface of the semiconductor layer 101 along a straight line. A ratio W/Wbetween a width Wof the excitation conductor 200 and a width Wof each of the plurality of electrodes 111 through 115 satisfies 0.3≤W/W≤1.0. 1. A semiconductor device , comprising:a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type;a vertical Hall element provided on the semiconductor substrate; andan excitation conductor provided directly above the vertical Hall element with an intermediation of an insulating film, a semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type provided on the semiconductor substrate; and', 'a plurality of electrodes each constituted from a high-concentration second conductivity type impurity region, and provided on the surface of the semiconductor layer along a straight line, and', {'sub': C', 'H', 'C', 'H', 'C', 'H, 'a ratio W/Wbetween a width Wof the excitation conductor and a width Wof each of the plurality of electrodes satisfying an inequality 0.3≤W/W≤1.0.'}], 'the vertical Hall element comprising2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the excitation conductor has a linear shape claim 1 , and a longitudinal center line of the exciting conductor and a longitudinal center line of the semiconductor layer of the vertical Hall element coincide.3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio h/Wbetween a distance h from the center of the vertical Hall ...

Magnetic Field Sensor

Devices and methods are provided where switches associated with a magnetic field sensor are used to provide error information. In particular, a device is provided that includes a magnetic field sensor, a plurality of switches associated with the magnetic field sensor, and a control circuit configured to control the plurality of switches and to provide at least one signal indicative of a fault based on operation of the switches. 1. A diagnostic device , comprising:a magnetic field sensor comprising a plurality of terminals used for applying a measurement current and reading out a plurality of measurement signals based on a plurality of spinning current phases of a spinning current scheme;a first plurality of switches associated with the magnetic field sensor, wherein the first plurality of switches are configured to change which of the plurality of terminals are used for applying the measurement current and which are used for reading out the plurality of measurement signals according to the spinning current scheme;at least one current source configured to generate at least one error current;a second plurality of switches coupled to the at least one current source and each switchably coupled to a different terminal of the plurality of terminals; anda control circuit configured to control the first plurality of switches and the second plurality of switches according to the plurality of spinning current phases of the spinning current scheme,wherein the control circuit is configured to control the second plurality of switches to inject the at least one error current into at least one of the plurality of terminals, andwherein the control circuit is configured to receive the plurality of measurement signals, evaluate the plurality of measurement signals for an error corresponding to the at least one error current, and provide a signal indicative of a fault on a condition that the error is not detected.2. The diagnostic device of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , on a condition ...

LACRIMAL IMPLANT DETECTION

This document discusses, among other things, an apparatus comprising a lacrimal implant insertable at least partially into a lacrimal punctum. The lacrimal implant comprises an implant core, and an implant body. The implant body includes a cavity sized and shaped to receive the implant core. At least one of the implant core and the implant cavity includes a detection device configured to allow automatic detection of the lacrimal implant with a separate detector device. 1. An apparatus comprising:a lacrimal implant insertable at least partially into a lacrimal punctum, the lacrimal implant comprising:an implant core; andan implant body, wherein the implant body includes a cavity sized and shaped to receive the implant core, andwherein at least one of the implant core and the implant cavity includes a detection device configured to allow automatic detection of the lacrimal implant with a separate detector device.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a radio frequency identifier (RFID) chip configured to communicate a detection signal to the detector device.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a luminescent material configured to reflect light to the detector device.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the luminescent material includes a quantum dot.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes an ultrasonically reflective material configured to reflect ultrasonic energy to the detector device.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a ferromagnetic material that is capable of retaining a ferromagnetic property after application and removal of an external magnetic field claim 1 , wherein the retained ferromagnetic property is detectable by the detector device.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a magnetic material to retain a magnetic field detectable by the detector device claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material comprises at ...

Vertical Hall Device

A vertical Hall device has a deep N-well, two inner contacts, two outer contacts and, optionally, a central contact disposed at a surface of the deep N-well and arranged along a straight symmetry line. The vertical Hall device is designed according to the invention to have an effective width of the outer contacts that is bigger than an effective width of the inner contacts. A shallow highly doped P stripe may be disposed between the inner contacts or between each of the inner contacts and the central contact. These measures help to balance the resistances of the Wheatstone bridge which describes the electrical characteristics of the vertical Hall device. 1. A vertical Hall device having a deep N-well , two inner contacts and two outer contacts disposed at a surface of the deep N-well and arranged along a straight symmetry line , wherein the two inner contacts have a same length and a same effective width and the two outer contacts have a same length and a same effective width , wherein the lengths are measured along the straight symmetry line and the widths are measured perpendicularly to the straight symmetry line , and wherein the contacts are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central symmetry plane , and wherein the effective width of the outer contacts is bigger than the effective width of the inner contacts.2. The vertical Hall device according to claim 1 , wherein a P stripe is disposed between the inner contacts and wherein the P stripe is separated from the inner contacts by a distance.3. The vertical Hall device according to claim 1 , further comprising a central contact disposed between the inner contacts.4. The vertical Hall device according to claim 3 , further comprising a P stripe disposed between the central contact and the one of the inner contacts and a further P stripe disposed between the central contact and the other of the inner contacts claim 3 , wherein the two P stripes are separated from the central contact and the respective ...

Magnetoelectric converting element and module utilizing the same

A magnetoelectric converting element includes a substrate, a magnetosensitive layer, a first insulating layer, an underlying conductive layer, a second insulating layer, and a terminal conductor. The magnetosensitive layer is formed on the substrate. The first insulating layer is formed with first opening for exposing a part of the magnetosensitive layer. The underlying conductive layer is formed on the exposed part of the magnetosensitive layer. The second insulating layer is formed with a second opening for exposing a part of the underlying conductive layer. The terminal conductor is formed on the exposed part of the underlying conductive layer. The second opening is arranged to be located inside the first opening in plan view.

POLARITY OF HALL MAGNET TO DETECT MISLOADED CARTRIDGE

A surgical stapling system including a shaft assembly transmits actuation motions from an actuator and an end effector compresses and staples tissue. The end effector comprises an channel; an anvil having a staple forming surface is moveable relative to the channel between open and closed positions; the anvil having a magnet at the distal end; and a staple cartridge removably positionable within the channel. The staple cartridge comprises a body supported for a confronting relationship with the anvil in its closed position; a plurality of staple drivers located within the cartridge body support a staple; a Hall effect sensor located at the distal end of the body; and a microprocessor in communication with the Hall effect sensor. The Hall effect sensor and microprocessor receive power when the staple cartridge is positioned within the channel, and the system is operable to identify the staple cartridge. 1. A surgical stapling system comprising:an elongated shaft assembly configured to transmit actuation motions from an actuator; andan end effector for compressing and stapling tissue, the end effector operably coupled to the elongated shaft, the end effector comprising:an elongated channel;an anvil having a staple forming surface thereon, the anvil moveable to relative to the elongated channel between an open position and a closed position; the anvil having a magnet located at the distal end; anda staple cartridge removably positioned within the elongated channel, the staple cartridge comprising:a cartridge body supported for a confronting relationship with the anvil when the anvil is in the closed position;a plurality of staple drivers located within the cartridge body, wherein each one of the plurality of staple drivers supports a staple;a Hall effect sensor located at the distal end of the cartridge body; anda microprocessor in communication with the Hall effect sensor;wherein the Hall effect sensor and microprocessor receive power when the staple cartridge is ...

Rotation detection device

A rotation detection device includes a first mold IC, a second mold IC, and a housing. The first mold IC and the second mold IC are each housed in a point-symmetrical position with respect to a reference point in the housing. The housing includes a connector having (i) a first terminal electrically connected to the first mold IC, (ii) a second terminal electrically connected to the second mold IC, and (iii) a GND terminal that is electrically connected to both of the first and second mold ICs. The connector is arranged at a position corresponding to the reference point on the housing.

FREQUENCY DETECTION ON SENSOR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an integrated circuit includes: at least one sensing element configured to generate a sensed signal responsive to an electrical or magnetic phenomenon; an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the sensed signal into a digital signal; and a digital processor configured to detect a target frequency of the electrical or magnetic phenomenon by iteratively applying a first real-valued coefficient to samples of the digital signal using real-valued arithmetic. 1. An integrated circuit comprising:at least one sensing element configured to generate a sensed signal responsive to an electrical or magnetic phenomenon;an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the sensed signal into a digital signal; anda digital processor configured to detect a target frequency of the electrical or magnetic phenomenon by iteratively applying a first real-valued coefficient to samples of the digital signal using real-valued arithmetic and using a second real-valued coefficient.2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a fault pin claim 1 , wherein the digital processor is further configured to apply a voltage to the fault pin based on the detection of the target frequency.3. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a programmable memory configured to store the target frequency.4. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the target frequency is specified by the first real-valued coefficient and the second real-valued coefficient.5. The integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein detecting the target frequency of the electrical or magnetic phenomenon includes generating a real part value and an imaginary part value.6. The integrated circuit of claim 5 , wherein the digital processor is configured to detect the target frequency of the electrical or magnetic phenomenon by calculating a norm of a vector defined by the real part value and the imaginary part value and comparing the norm of the ...

Magnetic-field sensor arrangement and method of calibrating a magnetic-field sensor of a magnetic-field sensor arrangement

A magnetic-field sensor is configured to provide a sensor output signal on the basis of a magnetic field acting on the sensor; an excitation-conductor array including several selectively driveable excitation conductors arranged at a distance from the magnetic-field sensor; driver for selectively driving the excitation conductors to generate different magnetic test fields in the magnetic-field sensor in different drive states by driving a different excitation conductor, and to generate a set of detected output signal values of the magnetic-field sensor in accordance with the different drive states; and evaluator configured to provide different parameter sets including comparison output signal values for the different drive states, the parameter sets representing variations of the architecture of the magnetic-field sensor including the excitation-conductor array, and further configured to determine, on the basis of the set of detected output signal values of the magnetic-field sensor, that parameter set whose comparison output signal values exhibit a best match with the set of detected output signal values.

BASE WITH ELECTRONIC COMPONENT AND VOICE COIL MOTOR

Disclosed in the present application are a base with an electronic element and a voice coil motor. The base with an electronic element comprises an electronic element, a metal circuit, a first plastic member, and a second plastic member. The metal circuit is connected to the electronic element and comprises a plurality of branches, a first end of the plurality of branches being connected on a one-to-one basis with pins of the electronic element; the first plastic member is positioned at the connecting position of the metal circuit and the electronic element, and is configured to integrally connect all of the branches of the metal circuit, and limit each branch of the metal circuit; and the second plastic member covers the metal circuit, a second end of the branches of the metal circuit furthest from the electronic element extending out from the second plastic member. 1. A base with an electronic component , comprising:the electronic component;a metallic circuit connected to the electronic component and comprising a plurality of branch circuits, wherein first ends of the plurality of branch circuits are connected to a plurality of pins of the electronic component in a one-to-one correspondence;a first plastic part located on a position where the metallic circuit and electronic component are connected, and configured to connect all the branch circuits of the metallic circuit into one body and limit each branch circuit of the metallic circuit; anda second plastic part wrapped on the metallic circuit, wherein second ends of each branch circuit of the metallic circuit away from the electronic component extends out of the second plastic part.2. The base with the electronic component of claim 1 , wherein the first plastic part comprises a plurality of positioning assemblies connected to the plurality of branch circuits in a one-to-one correspondence claim 1 , and each positioning assembly is configured to limit the first end of the corresponding branch circuit connected to ...

Methods and Apparatus For Trimming A Magnetic Field Sensor

Method and apparatus for trimming a magnetic field sensor having a first magnetic field sensing element. In embodiments, trimming includes the use of a curve for normalized sensitivity of the first magnetic field sensing element derived from a first curve corresponding to current through a coil in a first direction at a first time to produce a field affecting the first magnetic field sensing element versus an external field and a second curve corresponding to current through the coil in a second direction opposite to the first direction at a second time to produce a field affecting the first magnetic field sensing element versus an external field. 1. A method , comprising:trimming a magnetic field sensor having a first magnetic field sensing element within an IC package, the trimming comprising using a curve for normalized sensitivity of the first magnetic field sensing element derived from first and second curves, the first curve corresponding to current through a coil in a first direction at a first time to produce a field affecting the first magnetic field sensing element versus an external field having a first polarity, and the second curve corresponding to current through the coil in a second direction opposite to the first direction at a second time to produce a field affecting the first magnetic field sensing element versus the external field having the first polarity.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first polarity of the external field is negative.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the curve for normalized sensitivity of the first magnetic field sensing element corresponds to an average of the first and second curves.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the coil is integrated with the first magnetic field sensing element.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein trimming comprises determining an absolute sensitivity of the magnetic field sensor in LSB per mA.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein trimming comprises ...

Two-Wire Hall-Effect Sensor

An improved two-wire hall-effect speed sensor circuit includes two separate voltage regulation circuits. The voltage regulator circuits, hall plates, signal processing circuits, and output stage are implemented on an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In addition to a supply terminal and a return terminal, the ASIC includes an intermediate terminal. Both voltage regulation circuits may be aided by capacitors, one between the supply terminal and the return terminal, the other between the intermediate terminal and the return terminal. The speed sensor circuit is suitable for use with non-twisted wires, enabling use of a common supply wire for multiple sensors, thus reducing the number of terminals required on the controller and on connectors. 1. A two-wire hall-effect sensor comprising:a supply terminal;a return terminal;an intermediate terminal;a first voltage regulation circuit configured to regulate a voltage difference between the intermediate terminal and the return terminal to a first predetermined value when a voltage difference between the supply terminal and the return terminal exceeds the first predetermined value;a hall plate having a supply port, a return port electrically connected to the return terminal, and an output port;a second voltage regulation circuit configured to regulate a voltage difference between the hall plate supply port and the return terminal to a second predetermined value when a voltage difference between the intermediate terminal and the return terminal exceeds the second predetermined value; andsignal processing and output stage circuits configured to vary an electrical current from the supply terminal to the return terminal in response to changes in the voltage difference between the hall plate output port and the return terminal.2. The sensor of further comprising a first capacitor connected across the intermediate terminal and the return terminal.3. The sensor of further comprising a Zener diode connected across the ...

VERTICAL HALL SENSOR, HALL SENSOR MODULE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A vertical Hall sensor, a Hall sensor module, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. By applying a trench structure inside a substrate with respect to a ground terminal, a directional component parallel to surface of the substrate is maximized with respect to a current flow to detect the magnetic field with improved sensitivity.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COMPUTING THE PHASE SHIFT OR AMPLITUDE OF A THREE PHASE SYSTEM

A method and system for computing the phase shift or the amplitude of an electromagnetic three-phase system. The method comprises the following steps of: detecting vector values corresponding to an electromagnetic quantity by three sensors, the three sensors delivering signals that are offset from each other substantially by 0°, 120° and 240°; computing changed vector values by logically adjusting one of the detected vector values to a phase of 0°; and iteratively computing the phase shift of the three-phase system using the changed vector values. 1. A method for computing at least one of the phase shift or the amplitude of an electromagnetic three-phase system , comprising:detecting vector values corresponding to an electromagnetic quantity by three sensors, the three sensors delivering signals that are offset from each other substantially by 0°, 120° and 240°;computing with a processor changed vector values by logically adjusting one of the detected vector values to a phase of 0°; anditeratively computing with said processor the phase shift of the three-phase system using the changed vector values.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the vector values are calculated by combining oppositely disposed sensors.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the iterative computation is carried out by said processor using a stored coefficient table.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the iterative computation is carried out by said processor using a Cordic method.5. A system for computing an angle claim 1 , comprising:at least three sensors for detecting an electromagnetic quantity, wherein the at least three sensors are arranged substantially at equal angles about a circle; detecting vector values corresponding to an electromagnetic quantity by three sensors, the three sensors delivering signals that are offset from each other substantially by 0°, 120° and 240°;', 'computing changed vector values by logically adjusting one of the detected vector values ...

NAVIGATION SYSTEMS FOR WHEELED CARTS

Examples of systems and methods for locating movable objects such as carts (e.g., shopping carts) are disclosed. Such systems and methods can use dead reckoning techniques to estimate the current position of the movable object. Various techniques for improving accuracy of position estimates are disclosed, including compensation for various error sources involving the use of magnetometer and accelerometer, and using vibration analysis to derive wheel rotation rates. Various techniques utilize characteristics of the operating environment in conjunction with or in lieu of dead reckoning techniques, including characteristic of environment such as ground texture, availability of signals from radio frequency (RF) transmitters including precision fix sources. Navigation techniques can include navigation history and backtracking, motion direction detection for dual swivel casters, use of gyroscopes, determining cart weight, multi-level navigation, multi-level magnetic measurements, use of lighting signatures, use of multiple navigation systems, or hard/soft iron compensation for different cart configurations. 1. (canceled)2. A human-propelled , wheeled cart comprising:a first magnetometer configured to record first magnetic data, the first magnetometer disposed at a first height;a second magnetometer configured to record second magnetic data, the second magnetometer disposed at a second height that is different from the first height; anda navigation system configured to receive the first magnetic data and the second magnetic data,the navigation system further configured to determine a location of the cart based at least partly on the first magnetic data, the second magnetic data, or both the first and the second magnetic data.3. The human-propelled claim 2 , wheeled cart of claim 2 , wherein:the first magnetometer is mounted to a handle of the cart; andthe second magnetometer is mounted to a rail of a basket of the cart, the rail disposed below the handle of the cart.4. The ...

Magnetic Field Sensor With Shared Path Amplifier And Analog-To-Digital-Converter

Methods and apparatus for processing a signal comprise at least one circuit configured to generate a measured signal during a measured time period and a reference signal during a reference time period. Also included is at least one dual- or multi-path analog-to-digital converter comprising at least a first processing circuit configured to process the measured signal, at least a second processing circuit configured to process the reference signal, and a third processing circuit configured to process both the measured signal and the reference signal. 1. A magnetic field sensor comprising:at least one magnetic field sensing element configured to generate a measured magnetic field signal responsive to an external magnetic field and to generate a reference magnetic field signal responsive to a reference magnetic field; anda signal path comprising an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter for processing the measured magnetic field signal to generate a sensor output signal indicative of the external magnetic field during a measured time period and for processing the reference magnetic field signal to generate a diagnostic signal indicative of whether a fault is present during a non-overlapping reference time period.2. The magnetic field sensor of further comprising a reference coil proximate to the at least one magnetic field sensing element claim 1 , wherein the reference coil is configured to carry a reference current to generate the reference magnetic field.3. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the at least one magnetic field sensing element is configurable to generate the measured magnetic field signal during the measured time period and to generate the reference magnetic field signal during the non-overlapping reference time period.4. The magnetic field sensor of further comprising an analog-to-digital converter responsive to the measured magnetic field signal to generate a digital measured magnetic field signal and responsive to the reference magnetic field ...

VERTICAL HALL SENSOR CIRCUIT COMPRISING STRESS COMPENSATION CIRCUIT

A vertical Hall sensor circuit comprises an arrangement comprising a vertical Hall effect region of a first doping type, formed within a semiconductor substrate and having a stress dependency with respect to a Hall effect-related electrical characteristic. The vertical Hall sensor circuit further comprises a stress compensation circuit which comprises at least one of a lateral resistor arrangement and a vertical resistor arrangement. The lateral resistor arrangement has a first resistive element and a second resistive element, which are parallel to a surface of the semiconductor substrate and orthogonal to each other, for generating a stress-dependent lateral resistor arrangement signal on the basis of a reference signal inputted to the stress compensation circuit. The vertical resistor arrangement has a third resistive element of the first doping type for vertically conducting an electric current flow, for generating a stress-dependent vertical resistor arrangement signal on the basis of the reference signal. The vertical Hall sensor circuit further comprises a first circuit for providing a first signal to the arrangement, the first signal being based on at least one of the stress-dependent lateral resistor arrangement signal and the stress-dependent vertical resistor arrangement signal. 1. A vertical Hall sensor circuit comprisingan arrangement comprising a vertical Hall effect region of a first doping type, formed within a semiconductor substrate and having a stress dependency with respect to a magnetic sensitivity of the vertical Hall effect region; a lateral resistive element, for generating a stress-dependent lateral resistor signal on the basis of a reference signal inputted to the stress compensation circuit; and', 'a vertical resistive element of the first doping type, for generating a stress-dependent vertical resistor signal on the basis of the reference signal; and, 'a stress compensation circuit which comprisesa first circuit for providing a first ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING HIGH ORDER HALL PLATE SENSITIVITY TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS

The systems and methods described can reduce high order temperature coefficients on the Hall plate sensitivity. A temperature coefficient circuit may include a first amplifier to receive a first reference voltage generated in conjunction with a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) device and a second amplifier to receive a second reference voltage generated in conjunction with a complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) device, the second amplifier having a second output node. A plurality of resistors may be disposed in a signal path between output node of the first amplifier and an output node of the second amplifier. The plurality of resistors may be coupled to at least one voltage-to-current converter through one or more resistors taps. The voltage-to-current converter may generate at least one current signal that can be operable to apply a multiplication factor or a division divisor to an amplifier coupled to the voltage-to-current converter. 1. A circuit comprising:a semiconductor substrate;an epitaxial layer disposed over a surface of the semiconductor substrate;a Hall effect element, at least a portion of the Hall effect element disposed in the epitaxial layer disposed over the surface of the semiconductor substrate; 'a first resistor for receiving a reference voltage resulting in a reference current passing through the first resistor, the reference current related to the drive current, the first resistor disposed in the epitaxial layer, wherein a resistance of the first resistor, the reference current, and the drive current change in accordance with changes of a stress in the semiconductor substrate, wherein the circuit further comprises:', 'a current generator configured to generate a drive current that passes through the Hall effect element, wherein the current generator comprisesan amplifier coupled to the Hall effect element, the amplifier to receive a sensitivity signal from Hall effect element, the sensitivity signal having a first ...

Electronic circuit for compensating a sensitivity drift of a hall effect element due to stress

The present disclosure is directed to an electronic circuit having a Hall effect element and a resistor bridge, all disposed over a common semiconductor substrate. The resistor bridge includes a first set of resistive elements having a first vertical epitaxial resistor and a first lateral epitaxial resistor coupled in series, and a second set of resistive elements having a second vertical epitaxial resistor and a second lateral epitaxial resistor coupled in series. The first set of resistive elements and the second set of resistive elements can be coupled in parallel. The resistor bridge can be configured to sense a stress value of the Hall effect element.

Methods and apparatus for sensor having fault trip level setting

Methods and apparatus for a sensor having non-ratiometric fault trip level setting. In embodiments, a sensor has a sensing element with a fixed gain. A signal processing module receives the fault trip level setting and maintains the fault trip level setting constant during changes in the supply voltage.

CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR BIASING A PLATE-SHAPED SENSOR ELEMENT OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL

Circuit and method for biasing a plate-shaped sensor element () made of doped semiconductor material and having a first resp. second excitation contact (C, A) connected to a first resp. second excitation node (Cn, An), and a first resp. second sense contact (B, D) connected to a first resp. second sense node (Bn, Dn). The plate-shaped sensor element is electrically isolated from a substrate or well () by means of a first PN-junction. The method comprises: a) applying to the first excitation node (Cn) a predefined first current (I) generated by a first current source (); b) applying to the second excitation node (An) a second current (I′) generated by a controllable second source (); c) controlling the second source () by means of a negative feedback loop based on a comparison between a value representative for a common mode voltage (V) of the voltages (VB, VD) of the sense nodes (Bn, Dn) and a predefined reference voltage (V), such that the common mode voltage (V) is substantially equal to the reference voltage (V). 2. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the predefined reference voltage is obtained from a fixed voltage source or from a variable voltage source arranged for providing a voltage dependent on temperature and/or stress of the plate-shaped sensor element.3. The circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the negative feedback loop comprises a common mode voltage extraction circuit for generating the common mode voltage claim 1 , and an amplifier connected via its inputs to an output of the common mode voltage extraction circuit and to the reference voltage claim 1 , wherein the amplifier is arranged for providing at its output the second current claim 1 , or wherein the second source is a current source for generating the second current claim 1 , an output of the amplifier being connected to a control input of the second source.4. The circuit according to claim 3 , wherein the amplifier is an operational amplifier arranged such that the loop gain of the ...

Electric current sensor

An electric current sensor includes a plate-like shape bus bar, through which an electric current to be detected is to be passed, one pair of shield plates, which are made of a magnetic material and disposed in such a manner as to sandwich the bus bar between the one pair of the shield plates in a thickness direction of the bus bar, a magnetic detection element, which is disposed between the bus bar and one of the shield plates to detect a strength of a magnetic field to be produced by the electric current to be passed through the bus bar, a core, which is made of a magnetic material and disposed between the one pair of the shield plates, and a winding, which includes one part wound around the core, and an other part wound around either of the shield plates.

SENSOR DEFECT DIAGNOSTIC CIRCUIT

A sensor device comprises a sensor connected to a first signal and responsive to an external field to produce a sensor signal, a test device connected to a second signal and electrically connected in series with the sensor by an electrical test connection providing a test signal, and a monitor circuit electrically connected to the first, second and test signals. The monitor circuit comprises a processing circuit and a determination circuit. The processing circuit is responsive to the test signal and a predetermined processing value to form a processing output signal. The determination circuit is responsive to the processing output signal to determine a diagnostic signal. A sensor circuit responsive to the sensor signal provides a sensor device signal responsive to the external field. 1. A sensor device comprising:a sensor responsive to an external physical quantity of an environmental attribute to produce a sensor signal, the sensor electrically connected to a first signal;a test device electrically providing a test signal connected in series with the sensor by an electrical test connection, the test device electrically connected to a second signal, and wherein the first signal, the second signal and the test signal are different signals; anda monitor circuit electrically connected to the first, second and test signals, the monitor circuit comprising a processing circuit and a determination circuit, wherein the processing circuit is responsive to the test signal and a predetermined processing value to form a processing output signal and wherein the determination circuit is responsive to the processing output signal to determine a diagnostic signal.2. The sensor device as in claim 1 , wherein the test device is a resistor.3. The sensor device as in claim 1 , wherein the test device is a test sensor.4. The sensor device as in claim 3 , wherein the test sensor is a substantial duplicate of the sensor.5. The sensor device as in claim 1 , wherein the test device ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSORS HAVING A MAGNETIC ANTI-ALIASING FILTER

A magnetic field sensor includes a substrate, a first channel comprising a first magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate and configured to generate a first magnetic field signal indicative of a first magnetic field experienced by the first magnetic field sensing element, a second channel comprising a second magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate and configured to generate a second magnetic field signal indicative of a second magnetic field experienced by the second magnetic field sensing element, and at least one shield configured to reduce a bandwidth of the first magnetic field by a first amount and to reduce a bandwidth of the second magnetic field by a second amount. The shield is able to act as a magnetic anti-aliasing filter for the magnetic field sensing elements, which can then be chopped or sampled. 1. A magnetic field sensor comprising:a substrate;a first channel comprising a first magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate and configured to generate a first magnetic field signal indicative of a first magnetic field experienced by the first magnetic field sensing element;a second channel comprising a second magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate and configured to generate a second magnetic field signal indicative of a second magnetic field experienced by the second magnetic field sensing element; andat least one shield configured to reduce a bandwidth of the first magnetic field by a first amount and to reduce a bandwidth of the second magnetic field by a second amount.2. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second amount by which the at least one shield reduces the bandwidth of the second magnetic field is approximately zero.3. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first channel further comprises a switching circuit coupled to receive the first magnetic field signal and configured to generate a sampled signal.4. The magnetic field sensor of claim 3 , wherein ...

Angle sensors, systems and methods

Embodiments relate to magnetic field angle sensors, including off-axis and on-axis sensors. In an embodiment, a magnetic field angle sensor comprises two sensor units, and each sensor unit comprises two sensor elements. The sensor units are spaced apart from one another and arranged proximate a magnet, wherein the two sensor elements of each sensor unit are responsive to the same magnetic field component induced by a magnet coupled to a shaft as the shaft rotates. In each sensor unit, a sum and a difference of the output signals of the two sensor elements can be calculated to determine a coarse estimation of a rotation angle, and a more refined estimation can be obtained by combining the coarse estimations of each sensor unit. In embodiment, the magnetic field angle sensor comprises a control unit or other circuitry to carry out this combining.

Arrangements for Magnetic Field Sensors That Act as Tooth Detectors

A variety of magnetic field sensor arrangements provide so-called “tooth detectors” using a simple low-cost magnet. 1. A magnetic field sensor for sensing motion of a ferromagnetic object , comprising: a first major surface, wherein a first dimension across the first major surface of the substrate defines a width of the substrate and a second dimension across the first major surface of the substrate perpendicular to the first dimension defines a length of the substrate;', 'first and second substrate edges at ends of the width of the substrate;', 'a second major surface parallel to the first major surface, wherein the magnetic field sensor further comprises:, 'a substrate, comprising a first major surface proximate to the substrate, wherein a first dimension across the first major surface of the magnet defines a width of the magnet and a second dimension across the first major surface of the magnet perpendicular to the first dimension defines a length of the magnet;', 'a second major surface distal from the substrate and parallel to the first major surface of the magnet;', 'a center axis perpendicular to the first and second major surfaces of the magnet and centered within the width and length of the magnet, wherein the magnetic field sensor further comprises:, 'a magnet, comprisinga first magnetic field sensing element disposed upon the first major surface or the second major surface of the substrate and configured to generate a magnetic field signal, wherein the first magnetic field sensing element comprises a center; wherein the center of the first magnetic field sensing element is substantially closer to a first end of the width dimension of the magnet than to the center axis of the magnet.2. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , wherein a distance between the center axis of the magnet and the center of the first magnetic field sensing element is greater than a distance from the center axis of the magnet and the first end of the width dimension of the magnet.3. ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR AND RELATED TECHNIQUES THAT PROVIDE AN ANGLE CORRECTION MODULE

A magnetic field sensor provides an angle error value to correct errors of the magnetic field sensor. The angle error value is a function of temperature and magnetic field strength and is used to correct a measured magnetic field angle. Associated methods are also described. 1. A magnetic field sensor , comprising:a plurality of magnetic field sensing elements, wherein each one of the plurality of magnetic field sensing elements is configured to generate a respective x-y output signal responsive to a magnetic field in an x-y plane;an angle processing circuit coupled to receive the x-y output signals and configured to generate an uncorrected x-y angle value representative of an angle of the magnetic field in an x-y plane, wherein the uncorrected x-y angle value comprises a first angle error;a temperature sensor configured to generate a temperature signal representative of a temperature;an angle error correction module coupled to the angle processing circuit and the temperature sensor and configured to generate, in response to a measured magnetic field signal and the temperature signal, an x-y angle error value indicative of an error in the uncorrected x-y angle value; anda combining module configured to combine the uncorrected x-y angle value with the x-y angle error value to generate a corrected x-y angle value having a second angle error smaller than the first angle error.2. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of magnetic field sensing elements comprises a plurality of vertical Hall Effect elements arranged as a circular vertical Hall (CVH) element claim 1 , wherein the plurality of vertical Hall Effect elements is configured to generate a respective plurality of x-y output signals having a direction component in an x-y plane.3. The magnetic field sensor of claim 2 , further comprising a bandpass filter responsive to the plurality of x-y output signals to generate the measured magnetic field signal.4. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , ...

CURRENT SENSOR

A current sensor includes a folded-shaped current path including a pair of arm portions extending in parallel with each other, and a pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements provided so as to sandwich therebetween a symmetric axis passing between the pair of arm portions, the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements being used for detecting magnetism caused by a current passing through the pair of arm portions, wherein a half-bridge circuit in which the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is series-connected and a signal is able to be extracted from a connection point between the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is formed, and sensitivity axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction and sensitivity-influencing axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction. 1. A current sensor comprising:a folded-shaped current path including a pair of arm portions extending in parallel with each other; anda pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements provided so as to sandwich therebetween a symmetric axis passing between the pair of arm portions, the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements being used for detecting magnetism caused by a current passing through the pair of arm portions, whereina half-bridge circuit in which the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is series-connected and a signal is able to be extracted from a connection point between the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements is formed, andsensitivity axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction and sensitivity-influencing axes of the pair of magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a same direction.2. The current sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe sensitivity-influencing axes of the magnetoelectric conversion elements are oriented in a direction of a bias magnetic field.3. The current sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe two ...

MAGNET WITH OPPOSING DIRECTIONS OF MAGNETIZATION FOR A MAGNETIC SENSOR

In one aspect, a magnetic field sensor is configured to detect a ferromagnetic object. The magnetic field sensor includes a magnet that includes two North regions and two South regions configured to generate opposing directions of magnetization to form a magnetic flux. The magnetic field sensor also includes a magnetic field sensing element configured to generate an is output signal responsive to changes in the magnetic flux caused by movement of the ferromagnetic object. 1. A magnetic field sensor configured to detect a ferromagnetic object comprising:a magnet comprising two North regions and two South regions configured to generate opposing directions of magnetization to form a magnetic flux; andmagnetic field sensing element configured to generate an output signal responsive to changes in the magnetic flux caused by movement of the ferromagnetic object.2. The sensor of wherein the magnetic field sensing element is disposed in a location that detects the greatest change in magnetic flux when the ferromagnetic object is present versus when the ferromagnetic object is not present.3. The sensor of wherein the magnetic field sensing element is disposed between the magnet and a point where the ferromagnetic object moves closes to the magnet.4. The sensor of wherein the magnetic field sensing element detects changes in at least one of a magnitude or vector of the magnetic field.5. The sensor of wherein the magnet comprises at least one face having a North region and a South region.6. The sensor of wherein the magnet comprises at least a first face and a second face each having a North region and a South region claim 1 ,wherein the first face is opposite the second face.7. The sensor of wherein the ferromagnetic object is one of a hard ferromagnetic material or a soft ferromagnetic material.8. The sensor of wherein the ferromagnetic object is a magnetic object.9. The sensor of wherein the ferromagnetic object is a tooth on a gear.10. A magnetic field sensor configured to ...

Method and Apparatus for Magnetic Sensor Producing a Changing Magnetic Field

Methods and apparatus for detecting a magnetic field include a semiconductor substrate, a coil configured to provide a changing magnetic field in response to a changing current in the coil; and a magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate. The coil receives the changing current and, in response, generates a changing magnetic field. The magnetic field sensing element detects the presence of a magnetic target by detecting changes to the magnetic field caused by the target and comparing them to an expected value. 1. A magnetic field sensor comprising:a semiconductor substrate;a coil configured to provide a changing magnetic field in response to a changing current in the coil; anda magnetic field sensing element supported by the substrate to sense the magnetic field as affected by the presence of a ferromagnetic target.2. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the coil is formed from at least one metal layer disposed on a surface of the substrate.3. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the magnetic field sensing element is a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) transducer.4. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the GMR transducer comprises a plurality of GMR elements in a bridge configuration.5. The magnetic field sensor of wherein a first pair of GMR elements of the H-bridge is positioned at an end of the coil and a second pair of GMR elements of the bridge is positioned at an opposing end of the coil.6. The magnetic field sensor of wherein at least a portion of the magnetic field sensing element is positioned within a loop of the coil.7. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the magnetic field sensing element is a Hall element.8. The magnetic field sensor of further including a current source coupled to the coil.9. The magnetic field sensor of further including a pulsed or transient current source coupled to the coil.10. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the coil is positioned above or below the substrate.11. The magnetic field sensor of wherein the coil is a ...

MULTI-LEVEL MEMORY SAFETY OF A SENSOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

A method for multi-level memory safety for a sensor integrated circuit can include loading a blocking bit into a volatile memory from a non-volatile memory and providing the blocking bit to a gating circuit from the volatile memory. Further, the method may include the gating circuit determining whether to provide a default value to a functional logic based upon the provided blocking bit. 1. A method for multi-level memory safety for a sensor integrated circuit , comprising:loading, from a non-volatile memory, a blocking bit into a volatile memory;providing, from the volatile memory, the blocking bit to a gating circuit; anddetermining, via the gating circuit, whether to provide a default value to a functional logic based upon the provided blocking bit.2. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether a bit stored in the non-volatile memory is corrupted.3. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 2 , wherein the bit stored in the non-volatile memory comprises the blocking bit.4. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 2 , further comprising placing the functional logic in a safe state if the bit stored in the non-volatile memory is determined to be corrupted.5. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 4 , further comprising: determining whether data stored in the non-volatile memory is corrupted; andreturning the functional logic to a functional state from the safe state when the data stored in the non-volatile memory is determined not to be corrupted.6. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 2 , further comprising determining whether the bit stored in the non-volatile memory is correctable.7. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 6 , further comprising placing the functional logic in a safe state if the bit stored in the non-volatile memory is determined not to be correctable.8. The method for multi-level memory safety of claim 1 , further comprising determining whether ...

CAMERA DEVICE, DUAL CAMERA DEVICE AND TRIPLE CAMERA DEVICE

The present embodiment relates to a camera device comprising a first camera device, a second camera device, and a third camera device disposed between the first camera device and the second camera device, wherein: the first camera device includes a first bobbin, a first coil disposed on the first bobbin, a first magnet facing the first coil, and a second coil disposed under the first magnet; the second camera device includes a second bobbin, a third coil disposed on the second bobbin, and a second magnet facing the third coil; the third camera device includes a third bobbin, a fourth coil disposed on the third bobbin, a third magnet facing the fourth coil, a fourth magnet disposed on the third bobbin, and a Hall sensor for sensing the fourth magnet; and the Hall sensor of the third camera device is disposed between the fourth magnet of the third camera device and the second camera device. 1. A camera device comprising:a first camera device, a second camera device, and a third camera device disposed between the first camera device and the second camera device,wherein the first camera device comprises a first bobbin, a first coil disposed on the first bobbin, a first magnet facing the first coil, and a second coil disposed under the first magnet,wherein the second camera device comprises a second bobbin, a third coil disposed on the second bobbin, and a second magnet facing the third coil,wherein the third camera device comprises a third bobbin, a fourth coil disposed on the third bobbin, a third magnet facing the fourth coil, a fourth magnet disposed on the third bobbin, and a hall sensor for sensing the fourth magnet, andwherein the hall sensor of the third camera device is disposed between the fourth magnet of the third camera device and the second camera device.2. The camera device of claim 1 , wherein the first camera device comprises a first cover claim 1 , a first housing disposed in the first cover claim 1 , and a first base disposed under the first housing ...

APPARATUS AND A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING A PHYSICAL VARIABLE

An apparatus for detecting a physical variable has a first sensor unit and a second sensor unit. The first sensor unit detects a physical variable on the basis of a first detection principle. Furthermore, the second sensor unit detects the physical variable on the basis of a second detection principle. In this case, the first detection principle differs from the second detection principle. The first sensor unit the second sensor unit are accommodated in a common housing. 1. An apparatus for detecting a physical variable , having the following features:a first sensor unit which is designed to detect a physical variable on the basis of a first detection principle; anda second sensor unit which is designed to detect the physical variable on the basis of a second detection principle, the first detection principle differing from the second detection principle, and the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit being accommodated in a common housing.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the first sensor unit being a first semiconductor-based sensor unit and the second sensor unit being a second semiconductor-based sensor unit.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the physical variable being a magnetic field.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the first sensor unit having a Hall element which is designed to detect a magnetic field on the basis of the Hall effect.5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the second sensor unit having a magnetoresistive element which is designed to detect a magnetic field on the basis of the giant magnetoresistance effect claim 1 , the magnetic tunnel resistance effect or the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect.6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the physical variable being a pressure.7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the first sensor unit having a piezoelectric pressure element which is designed to detect a pressure on the basis of the piezoelectric effect.8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , the second sensor ...

Sensor Housing for a Wheel Sensor Device, Wheel Sensor Device and Connecting Component Thereof

A sensor housing for a wheel-sensor device for a vehicle includes a first receiving aperture, a second receiving aperture, a first rotational-speed sensor, a rotary transducer, and a second rotational-speed sensor. The first sensor is configured to be inserted into the first aperture, and the sensor housing with the inserted first sensor is configured to be mounted on the vehicle. The rotary transducer is configured to co-rotate with a vehicle wheel and to trigger a change in a first physical quantity. The second sensor is configured to be inserted adjacent to the first sensor in the first aperture or in the second aperture, and the sensor housing, with the inserted first and second sensors, is configured to be mounted on the vehicle. The rotary transducer co-rotating with the rotating wheel triggers the change in the first physical quantity and a change in a second physical quantity.