Spezieller Polarisationsseparator

OPTISCHE DISPERSIONSKOMPENSATION

Delay system for an optical transmission system includes Bragg grating with variable positioning

The light is split into two differently polarized fractions by a contra-directional quadrupole orthogonal polarization coupler, which includes a Bragg waveguide grating with variable positioning, polarization maintaining wave guides, and quarter wavelength retarders at both ends of the Bragg grating.

POLARISATIONSMODENDISPERSION-KOMPENSATOR

Depolarising a WDM signal by passing it through a differential group delay element

A device for depolarising channels in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signal is provided. A polarisation maintaining multiplexer combines a plurality of optical signals to form a polarised multiplexed signal. The multiplexed signal is then passed through a differential group delay (DGD) element adapted to modify the polarisation state of one or more optical signals within the multiplexed signal and thereby to at least partially depolarise the multiplexed signal. The multiplexed signal may include data signals and loading channel signals. Depolarising the loading channel signals in this way ensures that the data channels to not suffer from the effects of Polarisation Hole Burning. The DGD element may be a birefringent element such as a polarisation maintaining fibre with fast and slow axes at 45 degrees to the polarisation state of the input multiplexed signals. The DGD element preferably acts to ensure that at least one channel exits the DGD element with polarisation orthogonal ...

OPTICAL POLARISATION STATE CONTROLLERS

Depolariser

OPTICAL FIBER CONNECTION WITH LOW POLARIZATION INTERMODE DISPERSION (PMD) AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR IT

POLARIZATION INTERMODE DISPERSION COMPENSATOR

INTEGRATE-OPTICAL DEVICE TO POLARIZATION CONTROL

Polarisation mode dispersion compensator

Method and apparatus for spectral shaping of an optical pulse

A OPTICAL FIBRE REFLECTOR

POLARISATION MODE DISPERSION COMPENSATOR

A method for the adaptive adjustment of a PMD compensator in optical fiber communication systems with the compensator comprising a cascade of adjustable optical devices through which passes an optical signal to be compensated and comprising the steps of computing the Stokes parameters S~0, S~1, S~2, S~3 in a number Q of different frequencies of the signal output from the compensator, producing control signals for parameters of at least some of said adjustable optical devices so as to make virtually constant said Stokes parameters computed at different frequencies. A compensator comprising a cascade of adjustable optical devices (12-14) through which passes an optical signal to be compensated, an adjustment system which takes the components y~1(t) e y~2(t) on the two orthogonal polarizations from the signal at the compensator output, and which comprises a controller (15, 16) which on the basis of said components computes the Stokes parameters S~0, S~1, S~2, S~3 in a number Q of different ...

FIBER OPTIC MODAL COUPLER

ALL-FIBER LINEAR DESIGN DEPOLARIZER

An all-fiber depolarizer having a linear design includes a directional coupler associated with a polarization combiner. Linear light is pumped into the coupler where its intensity is split in two. Between the coupler and the combiner there is included an optical delay and the polarization of one intensity is made orthogonal to the other, as they enter the polarization combiner. The combiner combines the orthogonal polarizations and the light exits by an output in a depolarized state.

D-SHAPED WAVEGUIDE AND OPTICAL COUPLER USING THE WAVEGUIDE

... ²²²A large diameter D-shaped optical waveguide device (9), includes an optional ²circular waveguide portion (11) and a D-shaped waveguide portion (10) having ²at least one core (12) surrounded by a cladding (14). A portion of the ²waveguide device (9) has a generally D-shaped cross-section and has transverse ²waveguide dimension (d2) greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating ²(16) may be impressed in the waveguide (10) and/or more than one grating or ²pair of gratings may be used and more than one core may be used. The device ²(9) provides a sturdy waveguide platform for coupling ligth into and out of ²waveguides and for attachment and alignment to other waveguides, for single ²and multi-core applications. The core and/or cladding (12, 14) may be doped ²with a rare-earth dopant and/or may be photosensitive. At least a portion of ²the core (12) may be doped between a pair of gratings (50, 52) to form a fiber ²laser or the grating (16) or may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber ...

PHASE MODULATOR, PHASE MODULATOR ASSEMBLY, AND PHOTOSENSOR

The present invention provides a photosensor that uses a phase modulation technique for optical detection and conducts a highly accurate measurement. The photosensor uses a phase change difference of light propagated through a polarization preserving fiber with respect to tensile stress and employs proper polarization preserving fibers for a phase modulator 10, light-transmitting polarization preserving fiber 23, and coil-shaped polarization preserving fiber 30, to achieve a highly accurate measurement.

ALL-FIBER DEPOLARIZER

An all-fiber optical depolarizer is provided in which polarized light is controllably injected into a polarization beam sputter at a 45.degree. angle. The beam splitter is combined with a loop made of standard non-birefringent fiber through which one of the polarizations split by the beam splitter circulates. The loop has a length greater than the coherence length of the light source. The interaction of the beam splitter and the loop produces incoherent depolarized light at the output transmission port of the beam splitter.

Device integrated optical polarization separator and integrated optical interferometric system comprising the device.

TRANSMISSIVE OPTICAL FILTER

link optical fiber, optical cable line, and, methods to obtain a fiber optic link, to produce an optical cable, and to obtain an optical cable line

ALL FIBER POLARIZATION MODE DISPERSION COMPENSATOR

A polarization mode dispersion compensator corrects polarization mode dispersion in an optical signal having a fast polarization mode component, a slow polarization mode component and a time differential between the components. The compensator includes a phase shifter and a variable delay section. An input of the phase shifter is coupled to an optical device that provides an optical signal that exhibits polarization mode dispersion. The phase shifter functions to rotate the optical signal principal states of polarization to a desired orientation. The phase shifter engages a segment of an optical fiber that is coated with a radiation cured coatings. The coating composition is selected so that in response to a preload comprising the application of a stress of about 80 MPa to said coating at about 80 °C and after a stress-relaxation period of at least about 1 hour, at about 80 °C, a residual stress exhibited by said coating comprises at least about 60 MPa, and the coating is capable of transmitting ...

D-SHAPED WAVEGUIDE AND OPTICAL COUPLER USING THE WAVEGUIDE

A large diameter D-shaped optical waveguide device (9), includes an optional circular waveguide portion (11) and a D-shaped waveguide portion (10) having at least one core (12) surrounded by a cladding (14). A portion of the waveguide device (9) has a generally D-shaped cross-section and has transverse waveguide dimension (d2) greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating (16) may be impressed in the waveguide (10) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one core may be used. The device (9) provides a sturdy waveguide platform for coupling ligth into and out of waveguides and for attachment and alignment to other waveguides, for single and multi-core applications. The core and/or cladding (12, 14) may be doped with a rare-earth dopant and/or may be photosensitive. At least a portion of the core (12) may be doped between a pair of gratings (50, 52) to form a fiber laser or the grating (16) or may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser or an ...

Optical polarisation state controllers

A planar coil of single mode fiber has opposed ends twisted into orthogonal planes to form a non-planar coil 20 exhibiting circular birefringence. The amount of birefringence exhibited is modulated by means of an electromechanical transducer 34 which controls the distance separating two diametrically opposed portions of the coil. Two or more such controllers may be formed in tandem with intervening additional coils 50 providing quarter-wave linear birefringence.

Depolarizer for fiber optic applications and method using same

A technique for causing the distribution of the state of polarization of an optical signal carried in a single-mode optical fiber to be substantially diversified over a time interval. When such a depolarized optical signal is fed into an optical detector, the polarization dependent loss (PDL) of the optical signal attributable to the detector is thereby normalized. By normalizing the PDL attributable to the detector, it is then possible to more accurately measure any PDL of the optical signal attributable to the optical signal passing through an optical device under test.

Polarization mode dispersion emulation

A PMD (polarisation mode dispersion) emulator which provides at least first and second order emulation of PMD effects observed in fiber installed in the field consists of a small number of concatenated lengths of high birefringence fiber having an appropriate distribution of relative DGDs (differential group delays), and connected with random relative orientation. Varying some parameter, such as temperature distribution, allows the emulator to provide accelerated exploration of random fluctuations in PMD which, in the field, may require many weeks, or longer, to observe.

Method and system for generating a broadband spectral continuum and continuous wave-generating system utilizing same

Method and system are disclosed for stable, multi-wavelength continuous wave (CW) generation using fiber-based supercontinuum and spectrum-slicing of its longitudinal modes. The continuum generated is coherent and stable, making it an attractive alternative as a spectrally-sliced source for continuous, multiple wavelength channels. A 140 nm wide supercontinuum with a 10 GHz repetition rate is generated in <30 meters of fiber. To obtain CW channels with 40 GHz spacing, time-domain multiplexing and longitudinal mode slicing are utilized. To obtain stable, continuous wave operation, short-fiber supercontinuum generation and a pulse interleaving method are utilized. The invention may be utilized as a broadband wavelength-division multiplexed source.

Method based on stokes parameters for the adaptive adjustment of PMD compensators in optical fiber communication systems and compensator in accordance with said method

A method for the adaptive adjustment of a PMD compensator in optical fiber communication systems with the compensator comprising a cascade of adjustable optical devices through which passes an optical signal to be compensated and comprising the steps of computing the Stokes parameters S₀, S₁, S₂, S₃ in a number Q of different frequencies of the signal output from the compensator, producing control signals for parameters of at least some of said adjustable optical devices so as to make virtually constant said Stokes parameters computed at different frequencies. A compensator comprising a cascade of adjustable optical devices ( 12 - 14 ) through which passes an optical signal to be compensated, an adjustment system which takes the components y₁(t) e y₂(t) on the two orthogonal polarizations from the signal at the compensator output, and which comprises a controller ( 15, 16 ) which on the basis of said components computes the ...

POLARISATION MODE DISPERSION COMPENSATOR

Lamina for the rotation of the direction of polarisation in an optical fibre and its application

Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung depolarisierter Lichter

a method and apparatus for depolarizing light

A light source assembly (300) for emitting depolarized light, comprises at least one light source (312) configured to emit substantially polarized light. The light depolarizer (318) is arranged to receive light from the light source and comprises a high birefringence optical fibre having a longitudinal core and orthogonal birefringent axes having an angular displacementaround the core that varies along the length of the fibre, wherein light emitted from the depolarizer comprises a plurality of polarization states. A Raman pump unit or an EDFA pump unit may comprise the light source assembly 300 for emitting depolarised light.

A method and apparatus for depolarizing light

A depolarised WDM source

Optical filters

Optical transmission filter

In manufacturing optical transmission filters having double-refraction elements, extreme care is usually necessary to provide the desired phase delay. To simplify the manufacturing process while still achieving accurate phase delay, a filter is provided with at least one double-refraction element comprising a single-mode optical filter mounted between polarizers. The double refraction of the optical fiber is sufficiently weak so that the lambda length within which light beams propagating with orthogonal polarization states in the fiber are mutually delayed by 2 pi , is at least 1 cm. In one embodiment, the optical fiber comprises alternating sections which produce linear double refraction with sections which produce elliptical double refraction.

Optical fibre coupler using a polarising beam splitter

An optical coupler is formed of at least one polarization maintaining single mode fiber, a polarizing beam splitter connected to the polarization maintaining single mode fiber, and a main optical fiber which is connected with the polarizing beam splitter at one end thereof. This optical coupler is useful as a changeover switch for a light source.

FIBER-OPTIC FASHION COUPLER.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POLARIZATION MULTIPLEXING AND DEMULTIPLEXING OPTICAL TRIBUTARY SIGNALS

An embodiment includes a polarization beam splitter and a feedback unit, preferably having an autocorrelator, a processing unit and a polarization controller. Polarized splitter separates the lower-speed tributary signals out of the higher-speed optical signal based upon a polarization relationship (e.g., orthogonal) between the tributary signals. The feedback unit, typically an autocorrelator and a polarization adjustment device, adjusts the higher- speed signal's state of polarization based upon an autocorrelation value of one of the lower-speed tributary signals. The autocorrelation value of one of the lower-speed tributary signals is provided to the polarization adjustment device, which typically includes a processing unit and a polarization controller. The polarization adjustment device adjusts the higher-speed signal's polarization state based upon the autocorrelation extinction ratio value. Ideally, this type of adjustment feedback is performed until the autocorrelation value is ...

ALL-FIBER LINEAR DESIGN DEPOLARIZER

An all-fiber depolarizer having a linear design includes a directional coupler associated with a polarization combiner. Linear light is pumped into the coupler where its intensity is split in two. Between the coupler and the combiner there is included an optical delay and the polarization of one intensity is made orthogonal to the other, as they enter the polarization combiner. The combiner combines the orthogonal polarizations and the light exits by an output in a depolarized state.

OPTICAL TRANSMISSION LINK INCLUDING RAMAN AMPLIFIER

An optical transmission system that employs a Raman amplifier including a Raman pump for introducing depolarize pump light into the fiber. The pump includes an optical source generating a polarized optical pump signal, an optical sputter that splits the pump signal into a first pump portion and a second pump portion, and a beam combiner that combines the first pump portion and the second pump portion into the depolarized pump light. Further, the pump includes a delay device, such as a length of fiber, that causes the first pump portion to propagate farther from the beam sputter to the beam combines than the second pump portion. The length of fiber is longer than the coherence length of the pump signal.

Adiabatic Polarization Splitter

FIBER-OPTIC GYROSCOPE

Optical fiber communication based on dual-track and polarization coding

Filtre optique de transmission.

FILTRE OPTIQUE DE TRANSMISSION COMPORTANT AU MOINS UN CORPS BIREFRINGENT QUI EST CONSTITUE PAR UNE FIBRE OPTIQUE MONOMODE 41 DONT LA BIREFRINGENCE EST CHOISIE SUFFISAMMENT FAIBLE POUR QUE LA LONGUEUR L A L'INTERIEUR DE LAQUELLE LES FLUX LUMINEUX SE PROPAGEANT DANS LA FIBRE AVEC UN ETAT DE POLARISATION ORTHOGONAL SUBISSENT UN RETARD DE PHASE DE 2P L'UN PAR RAPPORT A L'AUTRE SOIT D'ENVIRON 1CM AU MOINS.

INTEGRATED POLARIZATION CONTROLLERS WITH NANO-ELECTROMECHANICAL DIELECTRIC PERTURBER

A polarization controller includes a phase retarder having a rotation about an {1,0,0} axis that receives an optical signal from a waveguide structure. At least one nanoelectromechanical dielectric perturber produces ± 45° birefringent axes by placing the at least one nanoelectromechanical dielectric perturber at selective positions around the phase retarder to produce dynamic change in the effective index in one of the modes existent in an extraordinary axial direction.

SELECTIVELY ABSORBING OPTICAL FIBERS FOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS

The invention provides a selectively absorbing optical fiber that is transparent at pump wavelengths, and highly absorbing at signal wavelengths. The selectively absorbing optical fiber includes selectively absorbing species, such as rare earth ions, in concentrations sufficient to provide the desired absorbance selectivity. The fiber is useful as a fiber pigtail for pump lasers in optical amplifiers, where it can reduce the effects of multi-path interference by absorbing stray light with wavelengths in the signal band.

OPTICAL MODE CONVERTERS

A polarisation rotator (1) comprises a waveguide (2) formed on a silicon substrate, and a stress-inducing SiO2 layer (3) grown on top of the waveguide and having a series of discontinuities in the form of rectangular cutouts (4) which provide a periodically varying refractive index along the transmission axis of the waveguide. The cutouts (4) are produced during manufacture by stripping regions of the stress-inducing layer (3). The presence of the stress-inducing layer (3) causes the refractive index of the waveguide (2) to be subjected to a periodic perturbation which has the effect of producing some rotation of the polarisation at each transition between sections of different refractive indices so that, if the periodicity of these sections is appropriately set and an appropriate number of sections is provided, the rotations at successive transitions are added together in phase to provide the required polarisation rotation from one polarisation mode to another polarisation mode on transmission ...

OPTICAL DISPERSION COMPENSATION

A chirped optical fibre grating formed by impressing a chirped substantially periodic refractive index variation on a polarisation-maintaining optical fibre. The polarisation state of a laser transmitter (10) is maintained through an external modulator (20) and a polarisation maintaining circulator (30) by the use of polarisation maintaining fibre pigtails (40) aligned to one of the principal axes of high birefringence optical fibre used to fabricate the dispersion compensating grating (50). On reflection, light is output from the third port (60) of the circulator. Since only one polarisation mode of the grating (50) is excited, the PMD in the grating is eliminated. The polarisation maintaining circulator (30) comprises input/output lenses (32) at each port, a polarisation beam splitter (34) and a Faraday rotator (36). Light entering the circulator at the input port is arranged to be in a polarisation that passes through the polarisation beam splitter (34) towards the second port of the ...

Multiphase optical pulse generator

A multiphase optical pulse generator for selective side band suppression of a pulse stream includes an unbalanced interferometer responsive to a pulse of the pulse stream to generate at least first and second replica pulses, a delay device for delaying the replica pulses relative to each other to define a free spectral range to include only one or both of a pair of selected spectral side bands to be suppressed, a phase shifting device for shifting the phase of the replica pulses relative to each other to align the free spectral range and create a combined multiphase pulse to suppress only one or both of the selected spectral side bands.

Method and system for generating a broadband spectral continuous and continous wave-generating system utilizing same

Method and system are disclosed for stable, multi-wavelength continuous wave (CW) generation using fiber-based supercontinuum and spectrum-slicing of its longitudinal modes. The continuum generated is coherent and stable, making it an attractive alternative as a spectrally-sliced source for continuous, multiple wavelength channels. A 140 nm wide supercontinuum with a 10 GHz repetition rate is generated in <30 meters of fiber. To obtain CW channels with 40 GHz spacing, time-domain multiplexing and longitudinal mode slicing are utilized. To obtain stable, continuous wave operation, short-fiber supercontinuum generation and a pulse interleaving method are utilized. The invention may be utilized as a broadband wavelength-division multiplexed source.

Tunable PMD emulators and compensators

Tunable PMD emulators and compensators for producing different PMD profiles with an adjustable average DGD value.

All-fiber broadband polarization combiner

An all-fiber broadband polarization combiner is disclosed based on a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) structure. The entry coupler to the MZ is a polarization pump combiner (PPC) and the exit coupler is a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The two couplers are interconnected with two standard SM fibers which form the arms of the central zone of the MZ. Two polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are spliced to the two input arms of the PPC and are oriented so that polarization X in one PM fiber is orthogonal to polarization Y in the other PM fiber. And the MZ is induced with a phase shift Deltaphi of pi between the two arms of the central zone.

Compact polariser and associated polarisation separator for semi-conductor devices

Le domaine de l'invention est celui des dispositifs optiques à semiconducteurs utilisés notamment pour les télécommunications à fibre optique. Pour fonctionner efficacement, un certain nombre de dispositifs à semi-conducteur nécessitent l'utilisation de lumière polarisée dans un état de polarisation donnée. Lorsque la connaissance de l'état de polarisation est perdue, l'élément optique selon l'invention permet de polariser de nouveau la lumière dans un état de polarisation connu. En utilisant deux de ces éléments en combinaison avec un coupleur, il est possible de réaliser un dispositif qui réalise la même fonction qu'un séparateur de polarisation. Cet ensemble optique délivre deux signaux de sortie dont l'état de polarisation est la projection de la polarisation initiale sur deux axes orthogonaux. L'avantage principal de ces dispositifs est qu'ils sont réalisés à partir de rotateurs (11) de polarisation réalisés sur cristaux photoniques et qu'ils peuvent, par conséquent, être facilement ...

OPTICAL POLARIZATION BEAM SPLITTER/COMBINER WITH ISOLATION IN THE BACKWARD OPTICAL PATH

An optical device (10) is described that may be used to split a beam of light into two or more components of light or combine two or more components of light into a combined beam of light. The optical device may also provide isolation (i.e., inhibit optical feedback) in the reverse direction. The beam of light (39) may be split into two or more polarized components of light (56, 58). Similarly, the two or more components of light that are combined may be polarized. The optical device may be coupled to optical fibers for both input and output of the beam of light or the two or more components of light.

Integrated optical polarization manipulating device

Variable Lichtwellenfunktionsschaltung und variables Lichtwellenfunktionsgerät

POLARISATIONSMODENDISPERSIONKOMPENSATOR

Spectral polarisation seperator

A spectral polarization separator (SPS) designed to separate two wavelength-separated signals applied to the SPS with the same state of polarisation (SOP) into signals with orthogonal SOP's comprises two or more birefringent fibre elements optically in series. The differential delays and relative orientations of these elements are chosen so that polarisation separation is effected without introducing any polarisation mode dispersion (PMD). This contrasts with a prior art single birefringent element SPS whose operation necessarily does introduce PMD. A particular application for the SPS is in a dual wavelength transmitter designed for overcoming polarization hole-burning effects in a long-haul optically amplified transmission system.

Chirped optical fibre grating

A chirped optical fibre grating 100, 110 is formed by impressing a chirped substantially periodic refractive index variation on a polarisation-maintaining optical fibre. This grating may be used for at least partial dispersion compensation in an optical fibre transmission system ...

Depolariser

A depolarizer 200 receives an optical signal at an input splitting it 210 into at least a first and second signal portion with the same polarization state along first 214 and second 212 arms respectively, the polarization of the first signal portion in the first arm being rotated 218 to be orthogonal to that of the second signal portion in the second arm, a beam combiner 220 receiving and recombining the signal portions to form an output signal 250 and an output to output the output signal. A superluminescent diode (SLED) may provide a broadband light source for the input signal. A polarization filter may filter the optical signal into a linear polarization state. The arms may have approximately equal attenuation or be transparent across a wavelength range, be spatially separated, planar waveguide sections or optical fibres. An optical attenuator may be located in the first or second arm. Sensors may measure the first, second and recombined signal portions and a controller may equalize ...

Dispersiion compensation with low polarisation mode dispersion

DEVICE FOR POLARIZATION DISPERSION COMPENSATION THE KAN�LEN IN A WDM SIGNAL

OPTICAL POLARIZATION RADIATION BYPASS R OF KOMBINIERER WITH ISOLATION IN THE OPTICAL RÜCKWÄRTSWEG

POLARIZATION CONTROL HEADING FOR PROCEDURE FOR FIBER-OPTIC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND THE PROCEDURE APPROPRIATE DEVICE

SPECTRUM ANALYSIS AND FILTERING USING ACOUSTICALLY STRESSED FIBRE

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER

ALL-FIBER BROADBAND POLARIZATION COMBINER

An all-fiber broadband polarization combiner is disclosed based on a Mach- Zehnder (MZ) structure. The entry coupler to the MZ is a polarization pump combiner (PPC) and the exit coupler is a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The two couplers are interconnected with two standard SM fibers which form the arms of the central zone of the MZ. Two polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are spliced to the two input arms of the PPC and are oriented sa that polarization X in one PM fiber is orthogonal to polarization Y in the other PM fiber. And the MZ is induced with a phase shift .DELTA..PHI. of .pi. between the two arms of the central zone.

TUNABLE BRAGG GRATINGS AND DEVICES EMPLOYING THE SAME

A D type optical fiber (10') was adhered to a conductive layer (18) through the flat side of the optical fiber (10') and the cladding (16) was removed in area (20) without damage to the core (14). Electrical connection is made through the projection (24) which allows good contact when used alone or in conjunction with a previously deposited conductor (20). The cladding removal process may also be done on both sides when a round optical fiber is used rather than a D type fiber. The electrooptical devices made using this process may also include bragg gratings which may be impressed using an applied voltage, UV radiation, thermal heating or a combination of any of these.

PHASE MODULATOR, PHASE MODULATOR ASSEMBLY, AND PHOTOSENSOR

The present invention provides a photosensor that uses a phase modulation technique for optical detection and conducts a highly accurate measurement. The photosensor uses a phase change difference of light propagated through a polarization preserving fiber with respect to tensile stress and employs proper polarization preserving fibers for a phase modulator 10, light-transmitting polarization preserving fiber 23, and coil-shaped polarization preserving fiber 30, to achieve a highly accurate measurement.

OPTICAL EQUALIZER

When a light wave passes through an optical fiber used as an optical communication line, different time delays are introduced in its frequency components according to the delay characteristic of the optical fiber, limiting the usable bandwidth. An optical equalizer according to the present invention comprises a multi-stage connection of one or more unit optical circuit elements for introducing time delays opposite to the delay characteristic of the optical fiber in frequency components in the neighborhood of the transmission band used. The optical equalizer is placed at the input end of a transmission line and equalizes time delays of the frequency components passing through the transmission line, thereby expanding the usable bandwidth.

POLARIZATION COUPLER

DEPOLARIZER FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

... 2111091 9305430 PCTABS00020 A depolarizer operates by splitting light traveling along an optical fiber (12) into two subbeams. One of the subbeams is inserted into a recirculation loop (28), where it has its polarization state altered. The light in the recirculation loop (28) is then reinserted into the fiber at a position prior to that at which the splitting occurred.

OPTICAL DISPERSION COMPENSATION

A chirped optical fibre grating formed by impressing a chirped substantially periodic refractive index variation on a polarisation-maintaining optical fibre. The polarisation state of a laser transmitter (10) is maintained through an external modulator (20) and a polarisation maintaining circulator (30) by the use of polarisation maintaining fibre pigtails (40) aligned to one of the principal axes of high birefringence optical fibre used to fabricate the dispersion compensating grating (50). On reflection, light is output from the third port (60) of the circulator. Since only one polarisation mode of the grating (50) is excited, the PMD in the grating is eliminated. The polarisation maintaining circulator (30) comprises input/output lenses (32) at each port, a polarisation beam splitter (34) and a Faraday rotator (36). Light entering the circulator at the input port is arranged to be in a polarisation that passes through th e polarisation beam splitter (34) towards the second port of the ...

UNIT USED TO COMPENSATE FOR POLARIZATION DISPERSION OF CHANNELS IN A WAVELENGTH-DIVISION MULTIPLEXING SIGNAL

L'invention concerne un dispositif de compensation de la dispersion de polarisation des canaux dans un signal à multiplexage en longueur d'onde. Selon l'invention il comprend en cascade une pluralité de modules de contrôle de polarisation associés respectivement auxdits canaux et un générateur à retard différentiel (DDG) commun. Chaque module de contrôle de polarisation comprend un multiplexeur à insertion-extraction (OADM N), pour extraire du signal multiplexé d'entrée le signal de canal associé et insérer un signal de canal modifié fourni par un contrôleur de polarisation (PC N). Le dispositif comprend en outre une boucle d'asservissement (ODM N, CT N) pour commander les contrôleurs de polarisation (PC N) en réponse aux propriétés optiques des signaux de canal en sortie du générateur de retard différentiel (DDG) et obtenir un signal multiplexé compensé.

COMPACT AND SEPARATING POLARIZER OF POLARIZATION ASSOCIATES FOR TRANSISTORS

Le domaine de l'invention est celui des dispositifs optiques à semiconducteurs utilisés notamment pour les télécommunications à fibre optique. Pour fonctionner efficacement, un certain nombre de dispositifs à semi-conducteur nécessitent l'utilisation de lumière polarisée dans un état de polarisation donnée. Lorsque la connaissance de l'état de polarisation est perdue, l'élément optique selon l'invention permet de polariser de nouveau la lumière dans un état de polarisation connu. En utilisant deux de ces éléments en combinaison avec un coupleur, il est possible de réaliser un dispositif qui réalise la même fonction qu'un séparateur de polarisation. Cet ensemble optique délivre deux signaux de sortie dont l'état de polarisation est la projection de la polarisation initiale sur deux axes orthogonaux. L'avantage principal de ces dispositifs est qu'ils sont réalisés à partir de rotateurs (11) de polarisation réalisés sur cristaux photoniques et qu'ils peuvent, par conséquent, être facilement ...

CORRECTOR UNIT OF the DISPERSION OF POLARIZATION OF the CHANNELS IN UNSIGNAL HAS MULTIPLEXING IN WAVELENGTH

OPTICAL FIBER HYDROGEN SENSOR AND METHOD OF MEASURING HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION USING THE SAME

MEASUREMENT OF FIBER TWIST BY POLARIZATION TRACKING

An apparatus and accompanying method to measure fiber twist. The method includes independent determination of fiber bending by measuring strain sensing in outer cores of the same fiber. The apparatus includes a multi-core optical fiber comprising a center core and a plurality of peripheral cores at a distance radially from the center core and running parallel to the center core. The center core includes at least one fiber Bragg grating with polarization-dependent reflectivity. The fiber Bragg grating reflects the launched light as reflected light. The apparatus includes a multi-core optical fiber bend sensing system operable to communicate with the multi-core optical fiber. The multi-core optical fiber bend sensing system is operable to sense a bend in the multi-core optical fiber. The apparatus includes a processor operable to communicate with the polarization controller.

POLARIZATION-ENGINEERED TRANSVERSE-OPTICAL-COUPLING APPARATUS AND METHODS

An optical signal may be received into orthogonal linearly polarized modes of a transmission optical waveguide, the transmission waveguide including first and second transverse-coupling segments thereof. Optical signal polarized along one polarization direction may be substantially completely transferred from the transmission waveguide into a first transverse-coupled waveguide, the first transverse-coupled waveguide being optically transverse-coupled to the first transverse-coupling segment of the transmission waveguide. Optical signalpolarized along the other polarization direction may be substantially completely transferred from the transmission waveguide into a second transverse-coupled waveguide, the second transverse-coupled waveguide being optically transverse-coupled to the second transverse-coupling segment of the transmission waveguide. The optical signals carried by the first and second transverse-coupled waveguides may be combined into a single waveguide. The polarization directions ...

OPTICAL SPLITTER

An optical splitter in which SN ratio is improved while reducing the size and power consumption by splitting an input signal light into first and second orthogonal polarization components, feeding the first polarization component to a first gain medium having such characteristics as saturating with a gain of first value for the power of input light, feeding the second polarization component to a second gain medium having such characteristics as saturating with a gain of second value smaller than the first value for the power of input light, polarizing and multiplexing the output lights from the first and second gain media, and outputting a polarized and multiplexed signal light through a polarization element.

Variable light wave function circuit and variable light wave function device

Characteristics are rendered variable and high-functional by using the side-pressure inductive polarization mode coupling of a PMF to thereby change the position and magnitude of a side pressure. An input light is incident via a polarizer (2), and an outgoing light is output via the PMF (1) and another polarizer (3). Light may enter and go out in an opposite way. The PMF (1) has two polarization axes orthogonal to each other, and the polarization axis of the polarizer (2) is coupled so as to agree with one end of the polarization axis of the PMF (1). The polarization axis of the polarizer (3) is coupled so as to agree with one end of the polarization axis of the PMF (1). The PMF (1) induces polarization mode coupling when a polarization light tilted a specified angle with respect to the polarization axis is incident to apply a side pressure to the PMF (1). Characterstics/functions can be changed by changing the position and the magnitude of a side pressure by an application unit (5) so ...

Depolarizer for fiber optic applications and method using same

A technique for causing the distribution of the state of polarization of an optical signal carried in a single-mode optical fiber to be substantially diversified over a time interval. When such a depolarized optical signal is fed into an optical detector, the polarization dependent loss (PDL) of the optical signal attributable to the detector is thereby normalized. By normalizing the PDL attributable to the detector, it is then possible to more accurately measure any PDL of the optical signal attributable to the optical signal passing through an optical device under test.

Connecting method of optical function devices, and optical apparatus

The present invention aims at providing a connecting method capable of suppressing an influence of stray light for a plurality of optical function devices formed on the same substrate, and an optical apparatus applied with the control method. To this end, in the connecting method of optical function devices according to the present invention, the plurality of optical function devices formed on the same substrate are cascade connected so that both ends of an optical path passing through the plurality of optical function devices are positioned on the same end face of the substrate. According to such a connecting method, it becomes possible to effectively suppress a leakage of stray light from an optical input side to an optical output side.

Light polarization transformer

An optical fiber that transforms light of undesired polarization into light of desired polarization. In principle, the signal power of the non-preferred polarization is transformed into signal power of the preferred polarization, thereby actually transforming the polarization. The fiber can have a circular end for input of light having randomly phased polarization, and an elongated end for output of light having a single principal orientation component. A generally smooth transition from the circular end to the elongated end causes substantially all the light entering the fiber to exit from the fiber without losing light due to reflection or radiation. Alternatively, the fiber can have a lobed end, for input of light having first and second mutually orthogonal polarization components, and an elongated end, for output of light having a single principal orientation component. Alternatively, the fiber can be a combination of the two forms described above. That is, the fiber can have a circular ...

Power selective optical filter devices and optical systems using same

In an embodiment, a power selective optical filter device includes an input polarizer for selectively transmitting an input signal. The device includes a wave-plate structure positioned to receive the input signal, which includes at least one substantially zero-order, zero-wave plate. The zero-order, zero-wave plate is configured to alter a polarization state of the input signal passing in a manner that depends on the power of the input signal. The zero-order, zero-wave plate includes an entry and exit wave plate each having a fast axis, with the fast axes oriented substantially perpendicular to each other. Each entry wave plate is oriented relative to a transmission axis of the input polarizer at a respective angle. An output polarizer is positioned to receive a signal output from the wave-plate structure and selectively transmits the signal based on the polarization state.

POLARISATION MODE DISPERSION COMPENSATOR

A DEPOLARISED WDM SOURCE

Apparatus for providing depolarized light

Apparatus for depolarizing light received from a source of light (2) comprises a body of material that defines an optical waveguide (22), the material of the body and the length of the waveguide being such that when polarized light is propagated through the waveguide, light in one of two polarization eigen states is retarded relative to light in the other polarization eigen state by a time such as to destroy phase coherence between the polarization eigen states of the light emitted by the source. The relative amplitudes of the two polarization eigen states of polarized light entering the waveguide are adjusted. ...

FIBER TYPE DEMULTIPLEXER

PURPOSE: To obtain an optical demultiplexer having a small size and high performance by combining a single polarization fiber satisfying prescribed conditions and two sets of fiber type polarizers. CONSTITUTION: A single polarization fiber 1 which detects plural light beams of wavelengths λ1, λ2, has a length l, and of which the phase differences δ(λ1), δ(λ2) with respect to the light beams of the wavelengths λ1, λ2 satisfy the conditions of the equations I , II, a fiber type polarizer 8 which is identical in the optical conveyance axis to said fiber and of which the incident face is polished to 45° to said axis, and a fiber type polarizer 9 of which the optical conveyance axis is perpendicular to the optical conveyance axis of the fiber 1 are combined. Metals 8, 9 which have virtually no absorption losses for the polarization component in parallel with the metallic surfaces and have a large absorption loss for the polarization component perpendicular thereto are coated respectively on ...

ЗЕРКАЛО, КОМПЕНСИРУЮЩЕЕ ДВУЛУЧЕПРЕЛОМЛЕНИЕ В ОПТИЧЕСКОМ ВОЛОКНЕ, И ДАТЧИК ТОКА

Зеркало содержит оптическое волокно, двулучепреломляющий элемент, линзу, магнит, фарадеевский вращатель, зеркало. Световой луч после оптического волокна разделяется двулучепреломляющим элементом на два перпендикулярно линейно поляризованных световых луча, которые сводятся линзой, проходят через фарадеевский вращатель, вследствие чего их плоскости поляризации поворачиваются на 45 градусов, и отражаются в одной точке на поверхности зеркала, повторно проходят через фарадеевский вращатель, вследствие чего плоскости их поляризации дополнительно поворачиваются на 45 градусов, снова падают на двулучепреломляющий элемент, объединяются в один световой луч, который падает на оптическое волокно. Величина сдвига необыкновенного луча в двулучепреломляющем элементе является равной или большей, чем удвоенный диаметр поля моды оптического волокна. Технический результат - упрощение сборки и юстировки и улучшение виброустойчивости. 3 н. и 1 з.п. ф-лы, 21 ил., 2 табл.

ЗЕРКАЛО, КОМПЕНСИРУЮЩЕЕ ДВУЛУЧЕПРЕЛОМЛЕНИЕ В ОПТИЧЕСКОМ ВОЛОКНЕ, И ДАТЧИК ТОКА

... 1. Зеркало, компенсирующее двулучепреломление в оптическом волокне, которое содержит:оптическое волокно;двулучепреломляющий элемент;линзу;магнит;фарадеевский вращатель, к которому приложено магнитное поле от магнита для его магнитного насыщения, и который имеет фарадеевский угол поворота плоскости поляризации, равный 45 градусам; изеркало,причем компоненты, которыми являются двулучепреломляющий элемент, фарадеевский вращатель и зеркало, расположены в следующем порядке от торцевой поверхности падения/излучения света в оптическом волокне: двулучепреломляющий элемент, фарадеевский вращатель и зеркало,оптическое волокно является одномодовым,световой луч, распространяющийся через оптическое волокно, разделяется двулучепреломляющим элементом на два перпендикулярно линейно поляризованных световых луча, представляющих собой обыкновенный луч и необыкновенный луч, которые сводятся линзой,эти два линейно поляризованных световых луча проходят через фарадеевский вращатель, вследствие чего их плоскости ...

Spezieller Polarisationsseparator

ADIABATISCHER POLARISATIONSTEILER

Integriert-optische Polarisationsweiche, ihre Verwendung und integriert-optisches interferometrisches System.

Faseroptischer Modenkoppler.

A depolarised WDM source

Spectral polarisation separator

Optical fiber connector

An optical fiber connector includes a circular polarizer, an optical electrical converter, and a transceiving module. The circular polarizer receives external optical signals from an optical fiber and divides the received optical signals into first optical signals and second optical signals. The optical electrical converter converts the first optical signals into first electrical signals. The transceiving module receives third electrical signals from ports of an optical communication device, and includes an optical electrical converting circuit and an electrical optical converting circuit. The optical electrical converting circuit converts the second optical signals into second electrical signals and transmits the second electrical signals to the optical communication device. The electrical optical converting circuit converts the third electrical signals into third optical signals and transmits the third optical signals to the optical fiber. The first electrical signals are used to drive the transceiving module.

Method and apparatus for measuring fiber twist by polarization tracking

A method of measuring fiber twist in a multi-core optical fiber bearing an FBG with polarization dependent reflectivity. The state of polarization of the launched light is adjusted until the reflected FBG wavelength is maximal, indicating that light reaching the FBG is linearly polarized, and the polarization axis of the light reaching the FBG is aligned with the slow birefringent axis of the FBG; the SOP of launched light is now measured. Bending experienced by the fiber is measured conventionally, and birefringence produced by bending of the multi-core optical fiber is calculated. A candidate amount of twist between the launch location and the FBG is proposed, and the corresponding twist-induced birefringence is calculated. When calculations show that light with the launched SOP becomes linearly polarized and aligned with the FBG after traversing a fiber section with the calculated birefringences and proposed rotation, the amount of twist has been properly identified.

OPTICAL FIBRE BIREFRINGENCE COMPENSATION MIRROR AND CURRENT SENSOR

Disclosed is an optical fibre birefringence compensation mirror. Also disclosed is a current sensor wherein vibration resistance has been increased due to the optical connection of the optical fibre birefringence compensation mirror. The optical fibre birefringence compensation mirror includes: an optical fibre, a birefringence element, a lens, a magnet, a Faraday rotator, and a mirror. From the light incidence/emission end surface of the optical fibre, the birefringence element, Faraday rotator, and mirror are arranged in said order. Light comes in from the optical fibre, and is separated into two linearly polarised lights by the birefringence element. The polarisation planes of the two linearly polarised lights are rotated by the Faraday rotator, and the two linearly polarised lights are point-symmetrically reflected at one point by the mirror, then again rotated by the Faraday rotator, then re-combined into one light by the birefringence element and made to enter the optical fibre. 1. An optical fibre birefringence compensation mirror comprising:an optical fibre;a birefringent element;a lens;a magnet;a Faraday rotator which is applied with a magnetic field from the magnet to be magnetically saturated and has a Faraday rotation angle of 45 degrees; anda mirror,wherein components of the birefringent element, the Faraday rotator, and the mirror are disposed in the order of the birefringent element, the Faraday rotator, and the mirror from a light incidence/emission end surface of the optical fibre,the optical fibre is of a single mode type,a light beam propagating through the optical fibre is divided into two perpendicular linearly polarized light beams of a ordinary ray and an extraordinary ray by the birefringent element to be condensed by the lens,the two linearly polarized light beams transmit through the Faraday rotator, therefore polarization planes thereof are rotated by 45 degrees, and the two linearly polarized light beams are reflected at one point on a ...

Systems and methods for photonic polarization beam splitters

An integrated photonic polarization beam splitter includes an optical coupler having an input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The optical coupler is operable to couple a portion of an input light beam at the input port into the first output port and another portion of the input light beam into the second output port. The integrated photonic polarization beam splitter also includes a first waveguide having a first linear polarizer embedded therein and coupled to the first output port of the optical coupler and a second waveguide having a second linear polarizer embedded therein and coupled to the second output port of the optical coupler.

Human placental collagen compositions, and methods of making and using the same

The present invention provides compositions comprising human placental telopeptide collagen, methods of preparing the compositions, methods of their use and kits comprising the compositions. The compositions, kits and methods are useful, for example, for augmenting or replacing tissue of a mammal.

Multi-port optical circulator system

An optical circulator includes a first optical isolator including a first port and a second port and a plurality of optical isolators coupled to the second port of the first optical isolator. Each of the plurality of optical isolators comprise a first port and a second port.

Optical Couplers And Methods For Making Same

The present invention relates generally to optical waveguides for the transmission of electromagnetic energy. The present invention relates more particularly to optical couplers for coupling optical fibers, and methods for making them. One aspect of the present invention is an optical coupler for use with a polarization-maintaining input optical fiber and a polarization-maintaining output optical fiber. The coupler includes: a tube having a wide end, a narrow end having an end face, and a taper therebetween; a polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber having a first end having an end face and a second end, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber being disposed within the tube from the wide end to the narrow end, at least the narrow end of the tube being fused around a first length of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber including the first end of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber to form a coupler end face comprising the end face of the tube and the end face of the first end of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber. In one aspect of the invention, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber has an outer diameter no greater than about 200 μm in the region in which the tube is fused around it. In another aspect of the invention, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber has an outer diameter at the coupler end face no greater than about 75% of the diameter of the polarization-maintaining input optical fiber. 135-. (canceled)36. An optical coupler for use with a polarization-maintaining input optical fiber and polarization-maintaining output optical fiber , the optical coupler comprising:a tube having a wide end, a narrow end having an end face, and a taper therebetween;a polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber having a first end having an end face and a second end, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber being disposed within the ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NON-RECIPROCAL TRANSMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BEAM

An electromagnetic radiation beam is inputted into a ring interferometer rotating at the angular velocity Ω where the beam is split into two equally intensive counter—propagating electromagnetic beams. The Sagnac Effect results in the phase shift of ±Pi/2 radians, which may be either positive or negative depending on the direction in which the counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams propagate with regard to the rotation direction of the ring interferometer. An additionally phase shift of Pi/2 radians is induced between the counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams inside the ring interferometer results in a total phase shift of either Pi radians or 0. The counter-propagating electromagnetic radiation beams inside the ring interferometer are then combined into one single electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam which outputted from the rotating ring interferometer by using a different path than the one through which the EMR beam is inputted into it. 1. A method for non-reciprocal transmission of an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam intended to transmit the EMR beam forward and prevent reverse transmission by directing forward and reverse propagating EMR beams along different paths comprising:{'b': 1', '2', '3', '4', '12, 'a) inputting the EMR beam through any preselected path of input/output paths (, , , ) into a rotating ring interferometer (), which rotates at an angular velocity Ω;'}{'b': 12', '6', '7', '12', '6', '7', '12, 'b) splitting the EMR beam inside the rotating ring interferometer () into two equally or nearly equally intensive split counter-propagating EMR beams travelling along counter-paths (), () inside the rotating ring interferometer () and because of a Sagnac Effect, a phase shift of ±Pi/2+m*Pi radians, where m is any integer number, is induced between two split counter-propagating EMR beams, which may be either positive or negative, with respect to the phase shift m*Pi radians, depending on a direction in which the counter- ...

Augmented Reality Light Field Display

A head-mounted light field display device, the device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face an eye of a viewer wearing the device, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator and a waveguide with a set of shutters, the light field view image generator operable to generate, over time, a set of beams of light from a different one of a set of light field view images, the shuttered waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams and to open, over time, a different subset of the set of shutters, the subset corresponding to a position associated with the view image, thereby to emit the set of beams via the subset, thereby to display to the viewer a time-varying optical light field representative of the set of view images. 1. A head-mounted light field display device , the device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face at least one eye of a viewer wearing the device , the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator and a waveguide with a set of first shutters , the light field view image generator operable to generate , over time , a set of beams of light from a different one of a first set of light field view images , the shuttered waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams and to open , over time , a different subset of the set of first shutters , the subset corresponding to a position associated with the view image , thereby to emit the set of beams via the subset , thereby to display to the viewer a time-varying optical light field representative of the first set of view images.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a set of focus modulators claim 1 , each focus modulator coupled to a subset of the first shutters and operable to impart a time-varying focus to beams emitted by the subset.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the time-varying focus corresponds to a set of scene depths.4. The device ...

Polarization controller and method of manufacture

A polarization controller comprising: (i) an optical fiber, and (ii) a carrier surrounding the optical fiber, the carrier comprising an off-center through hole with at least one collapsed region, such that the optical fiber is situated within the through hole and contacts the at least one collapsed region of the through hole, and the collapsed region exerts pressure on the optical fiber.

INTEGRATED POLARIZING AND ANALYZING OPTICAL FIBER COLLIMATOR DEVICE AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

An integrated optical collimator device includes an optical fiber extending from a first end to a second end. The first end of the optical fiber is configured to be coupled to a light source or a light receiver. A housing is coupled to the ferrule and extends radially over the ferrule. A collimating lens is positioned in the housing proximate the second end of the optical fiber. A polarizer element is positioned within the housing proximate the collimating lens. 1. An integrated optical collimator device comprising:an optical fiber extending between a first end to a second end, wherein the first end is configured to be coupled to a light source or a light receiver;a housing configured to receive at least a portion of the optical fiber including the second end;a collimating lens positioned in the housing and optically coupled to the optical fiber; anda polarizer element positioned in the housing and optically coupled to the collimating lens.2. The device as set forth in further comprising a ferrule surrounding the at least a portion of the optical fiber claim 1 , wherein the ferrule is bonded to the optical fiber proximate the second end of the optical fiber.3. The device as set forth in claim 2 , wherein the ferrule is cylindrical.4. The device as set forth in claim 2 , wherein the ferrule is formed from glass or ceramic.5. The device as set forth in claim 2 , wherein the housing extends radially over the ferrule and the ferule is bonded to the housing.6. The device as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the housing is formed from glass or ceramic.7. The device as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the housing extends radially over the collimating lens and the collimating lens is bonded to the housing.8. The device as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the polarizer element comprises one of a polarizer chip or a polarizer film.9. The device as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the polarizer element is bonded to an output clear aperture of the collimating lens.10. The device as set ...

OPTICAL CIRCULATOR

The present disclosure provides an optical circulator. The optical circulator includes a first integrated module, a second integrated module and a third integrated module which are sequentially connected from front to rear. The first integrated module includes a mating shell, an optical fiber ferrule received in the mating shell and a first birefringence crystal attached to a rear surface of the optical fiber ferrule; the second integrated module comprises a first tube fixed behind the mating shell, a magnetic ring received in the first tube, a Wollaston prism fixed in the magnetic ring, two Faraday rotators respectively provided to both sides of the Wollaston prism, and two collimating lenses respectively provided to both sides of the two Faraday rotators. The third integrated module includes a second tube fixed behind the first tube, a dual fiber pigtail received in the second tube, and a second birefringence crystal attached to a front surface of the dual fiber pigtail. The above-mentioned optical circulator is small in volume and convenient to manufacture. 1. An optical circulator comprising a first integrated module , a second integrated module and a third integrated module which are sequentially connected from front to rear;the first integrated module comprising a mating shell, an optical fiber ferrule received in the mating shell and a first birefringence crystal attached to a rear surface of the optical fiber ferrule;the second integrated module comprising a first tube fixed behind the mating shell, a magnetic ring received in the first tube, a Wollaston prism fixed in the magnetic ring, two Faraday rotators respectively provided to both sides of the Wollaston prism, and two collimating lenses respectively provided to both sides of the two Faraday rotators;the third integrated module comprising a second tube fixed behind the first tube, a dual fiber pigtail received in the second tube, and a second birefringence crystal attached to a front surface of the ...

LIGHT GUIDE PLATE, PLANAR LIGHT APPARATUS, AND DISPLAY DEVICE

The present invention provides a light guide plate for emitting light radiated from a light source disposed at a side of the light guide plate. The light guide layer has a light incidence side for internally introducing light emitted from the light source at the side thereof; a polarization separation layer comprising a first matrix layer and a first fiber having birefringence and disposed more toward the light emission side than the light guide layer; a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the first matrix layer; and an angle improvement layer comprising a second matrix layer having a second fiber disposed inside the second matrix layer. 1. A light guide plate emitting light radiated from a light source disposed at a side thereof through a light emission side , the light guide plate comprising:a light guide layer having a light incidence side for introducing light emitted from the light source into the light guide layer;a polarization separation layer comprising a first matrix layer having an isotropic refractive index of nm1 and a first fiber having birefringence, with an ordinary ray refractive index, no1 and an extraordinary ray refractive index, ne1; where the extraordinary ray refractive index is measured parallel to the length direction of the fiber and the ordinary ray refractive index is measured perpendicular to the length direction of the fiber; where the polarization separation layer are disposed in the polarization separation layer closer to the light emission side than the light guide layer;a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the first matrix layer and disposed more toward the light emission side than the polarization separation layer; andan angle improvement layer comprising a second matrix layer having an isotropic refractive index of nm2 and a second fiber disposed inside the second matrix layer and having birefringence, with an ordinary ray ...

Feedback controlled closed loop on-chip isolator

Embodiments herein relate to a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) with an on-chip optical isolator. The PIC may comprise a laser, a waveguide coupled with the laser, and a closed loop resonator coupled to the laser through the waveguide. A magneto-optical (MO) layer is over and in contact with the waveguide and the closed loop resonator. The closed loop resonator may comprise a first polarization rotator (PR) and a second PR. A light from the laser in transverse electric (TE) mode through the waveguide is rotated in the first PR to a light in transverse magnetic (TM) mode, and the light in TM mode is rotated in the second PR to light in TE mode. The isolator may further comprise a micro-heater over or along a side of the waveguide and separated from the closed loop resonator; and a feedback control loop connected to the closed loop resonator and the micro-heater.

BROAD SPECTRUM RADIATION BY SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION USING A TAPERED OPTICAL FIBER

A measurement apparatus, including: a tapered optical fiber, the tapered optical fiber having an input to receive radiation and having an output to provide spectrally broadened output radiation toward a measurement target, the tapered optical fiber configured to spectrally broaden the radiation received at the input; and a detector system configured to receive a redirected portion of the output radiation from the measurement target. 1. A measurement apparatus , comprising:a tapered optical fiber, the tapered optical fiber having an input to receive radiation and having an output to provide spectrally broadened output radiation toward a measurement target, the tapered optical fiber configured to spectrally broaden the radiation received at the input; anda detector system configured to receive a redirected portion of the output radiation from the measurement target.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tapered optical fiber comprises an untapered region to receive the radiation at its core and a tapered region to provide the spectrally broadened output radiation claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional size of the tapered region is smaller than a cross-sectional size of the core of the untapered region.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the core cross-sectional size of the untapered region and/or a core cross-sectional size of an untapered region of the tapered optical fiber to receive the spectrally broadened output radiation claim 2 , is up to about 10 μm.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the cross-sectional size of the tapered region is up to about 2.5 μm.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a length of the tapered region is between about 10 cm and about 50 cm.6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a first transition region is configured to couple the untapered region and the tapered region claim 2 , and wherein a length of the first transition region is between about 1 cm and about 5 cm.7. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a second transition region is ...

INTEGRATED PHOTONIC COMPONENT AND METHOD OF DESIGNING THE SAME

An integrated photonic component () for polarization insensitive wavelength multiplexing includes an arrayed waveguide grating, AWG, () having a predetermined polarization splitting and a MZI-based polarization beam splitter () that is configured to compensate the predetermined polarization splitting of the AWG (). The result is a fabrication tolerant integrated photonic component () that is operable over a wide number of limited bandwidth wavelength channels of a wavelength division multiplexing, WDM, system. A photonic integrated circuit, PIC, () for use in a WDM system is provided. The PIC () includes the integrated photonic component (). A method of designing the integrated photonic component () is also described. 132-. (canceled)33. An integrated photonic component for polarization insensitive wavelength multiplexing comprising:{'sub': c', 'AWG, 'an arrayed waveguide grating, AWG, having an input slab region and an output slab region that are in optical communication by an array of birefringent waveguides, the waveguides of said array of waveguides having a length increment from one waveguide to the next, the output slab region further being in optical communication with a plurality of output waveguides, the input slab region further being in optical communication with at least a first input waveguide and a second input waveguide, said first and second input waveguides being arranged relative to the input slab region at a first and a second position, said first and second positions being matched to the polarization dispersion caused by the birefringence of the waveguides of the array of waveguides, the AWG further having a central channel wavelength, λ, and a number of channels being spaced apart by a channel spacing, Δλ; and'}{'sub': 'AWG', 'a polarization beam splitter comprising a first output waveguide and a second output waveguide, said first and second output waveguides being in optical communication with the first and second input waveguides arranged at ...

OPTICAL CIRCULATORS INTEGRATED INTO TRANSCEIVERS

An optical circulator integrated into a transceiver for bi-directional communication may include a core configured to pass a transmission signal in a transmit direction and a received signal in a receive direction. The optical circulator may include an input port optically coupled to the core. The input port may be configured to deliver the transmission signal to the core. The optical circulator may include an output port optically coupled to the core. The output port may be configured to receive the received signal from the core. The optical circulator may additionally include a network port optically coupled to the core. The network port may be configured to receive the transmission signal from the core and deliver the transmission signal to a fiber optic cable. The network port may be configured to receive the received signal from the fiber optic cable and deliver the received signal to the core. 1. An optical circulator integrated into a transceiver to achieve bi-directional communication in a fiber optic communication network , the optical circulator comprising: a first polarization beam splitter (PBS);', 'a first polarization shifting assembly optically coupled to the first PBS;', 'a second PBS optically coupled to the first polarization shifting assembly;', 'a second polarization shifting assembly optically coupled to the second PBS; and', 'a third PBS optically coupled to the second polarization shifting assembly;', 'wherein the first polarization shifting assembly is located between the first PBS and the second PBS, and the second polarization shifting assembly is located between the second PBS and the third PBS;', 'wherein the bi-directional propagation core passes the received signal from the first PBS to the third PBS through the first polarization shifting assembly, the second PBS, and the second polarization shifting assembly;', 'wherein the bi-directional propagation core passes the transmission signal from the second PBS to the first PBS through the ...

Reconfigurable Integrated-Optics-Based Non-Reciprocal Devices

Reconfigurable non-reciprocal integrated-optics-based devices are disclosed. The non-reciprocal devices include: a phase-sensitive device, such as a microring waveguide; a magneto-optic layer; and an electromagnet. These elements are operatively coupled such that a magnetic field generated by current flow through the electromagnet gives rise to a non-reciprocal phase shift in the phase-sensitive device. The non-reciprocal phase shift leads to a difference in the way that a light signal travels in the forward and backward directions through one or more bus waveguides that are operatively coupled with the phase-sensitive element. The non-reciprocity is reversible by reversing the direction of drive current flow in the electromagnet, which enables the inter-port connectivity of the ports of these bus waveguides to be reconfigured based on the direction of the drive current flow. Examples of reconfigurable isolator and circulator embodiments are described. 1400. A device () that is an integrated-optics-based device comprising:{'b': 120', '122, '(1) a plurality of ports that includes a first port () and second port ();'}{'b': '100', 'claim-text': [{'b': 102', '124, '(a) a first phase-sensitive device () disposed on a substrate ();'}, {'b': '104', '(b) a first layer () comprising a magneto-optic material, the first layer being disposed on the first phase-sensitive device; and'}, {'b': 106', '202, '(c) a first electromagnet () disposed on the first layer, the first electromagnet being dimensioned and arranged to generate a first magnetic field () at the first phase-sensitive device when a first drive current (I) flows through the first electromagnet; and'}], '(2) a first non-reciprocal element () including;'}{'b': 110', '404, 'sub': '1', '(3) a first bus waveguide () that is dimensioned and arranged to convey a first light signal () characterized by a first wavelength (λ), the first bus waveguide comprising the first port and the second port and being operatively coupled ...

BACK REFLECTION CIRCULATOR IN SILICON PHOTONIC CHIP METHODS AND APPARATUS

Apparatuses and methods associated with silicon photonic chips, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a quarter wave plate (QWP) is provided to a silicon photonic chip to convert a first linearly polarized mode (e.g., TE mode) optical beam from a laser disposed on the silicon photonic chip, into a combination of orthogonal polarization modes optical beam, and to convert or contribute in converting a reflection of the combined polarized modes optical beam into a second linearly polarized mode (e.g., TM) optical beam with polarization orthogonal to the first. The optical beam is rotated relative to an axis of the QWP, or the QWP and its axis are rotated relative to a polarization axis of the optical beam. Other embodiments are also described and claimed. 1. An apparatus for optical communication or sensing , comprising:a quarter wave plate (QWP) disposed on a silicon photonic chip to convert a first linearly polarized mode optical beam from a laser disposed on the silicon photonic chip, into a combination of quarter-wave phase-delayed orthogonal polarization modes optical beam, and to convert or contribute in converting a reflection of the combined polarized modes optical beam into a second linearly polarized mode optical beam, within the silicon photonic chip;wherein the optical beam's polarization axes are rotated relative to an axis of the QWP, or the QWP and its axis are rotated relative to a polarization axis of the optical beam.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a polarization transverse electric/transverse magnetic (TE/TM) converter disposed on the silicon photonic chip to receive from the laser claim 1 , the first linearly polarized optical mode optical beam claim 1 , and convert part of the optical power of the first linearly polarized optical mode optical beam to an orthogonally linearly polarized mode;wherein the QWP is coupled to the polarization TE/TM converter to receive the partially converted first linearly polarized mode optical ...

POLARIZATION BEAM SPLITTER

An optical system may include: a polarization beam splitter having: a first end having an input configured to receive multiple optical signals; a second end having a first output and a second output, where the first output may provide first components, having a first polarization of the multiple optical signals, and the second output may provide second components, having a second polarization, of the multiple optical signals; and a first waveguide having a first width and a second waveguide having a second width, where the first waveguide and the second waveguide may each have a length corresponding to a difference between the first width and the second width, where the first waveguide and the second waveguide may be configured to induce a phase shift of the plurality of optical signals based on the first width, the second width, and the length of the first waveguide and the second waveguide. 1. An optical system comprising: a first end having a first coupler with an input configured to receive a plurality of optical signals, each of the plurality of optical signals having a corresponding one of a plurality of wavelengths;', the first output providing first components of the plurality of optical signals, each of the first components having a first polarization, and', 'the second output providing second components of the plurality of optical signals, each of the second components having a second polarization; and, 'a second end having a second coupler with a first output and a second output,'}, a first end connected to the first coupler, and', 'a second end connected to the second coupler, and, 'each of the first waveguide and the second waveguide having, 'a first waveguide and a second waveguide,'}, 'the first waveguide having a first width and the second waveguide having a second width,', 'the first waveguide and the second waveguide each having a respective length corresponding to a difference between the first width and the second width,', 'the first waveguide ...

PHOTONIC MICROWAVE GENERATION APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF

A photonic microwave generation apparatus and a method thereof are disclosed. A comb-like optical signal generation module of the photonic microwave generation apparatus generates a comb-like optical signal. The comb-like optical signal is injected into a photonic microwave generation module of the photonic microwave generation apparatus, wherein the photonic microwave generation module includes a microwave generation laser. An optical power and a carrier frequency of the comb-like optical signal are adjusted so as to place the microwave generation laser in period-one nonlinear dynamics, and, at the same time, to phase-lock an oscillation sideband of the period-one nonlinear dynamics by one harmonic of the comb-like optical signal. Under such operation, the microwave generation laser emits an output optical signal that carries a microwave signal of a narrow linewidth and a stable frequency, which can be retrieved from the output optical signal by using a photodetector. 1. A photonic microwave generation apparatus , comprising:a comb-like optical signal generation module, generating a comb-like optical signal; anda photonic microwave generation module, receiving the comb-like optical signal and comprising a microwave generation laser to generate an output optical signal carrying a microwave signal of a narrow linewidth and a stable frequency, wherein an optical power and a carrier frequency of the comb-like optical signal are adjusted so as to place the microwave generation laser in period-one nonlinear dynamics and a harmonic of the comb-like optical signal phase-locks one oscillation sideband of the period-one nonlinear dynamics.2. The photonic microwave generation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the comb-like optical signal generation module comprises:an optical injection laser, generating a continuous-wave optical signal;an optical polarization controller, adjusting the polarization of the continuous-wave optical signal;a microwave reference generator, generating ...

PHOTONICS BASED TUNABLE MULTIBAND MICROWAVE FILTER

Various examples are provided for tunable radio frequency (RF) filtering. In one example, a RF multiband filter includes a Lyot filter including a tunable birefringence loop including a circulator and a polarization controller (PC) and a phase modulator (PM). The Lyot filter can generate an optical comb based at least in part upon a received optical signal and a polarization rotation angle of the polarization controller. The phase modulator (PM) can generate a modulated tap signal by modulating the optical comb by a RF input signal. 1. A radio frequency (RF) filter , comprising:a Lyot filter comprising a tunable birefringence loop comprising a circulator and a polarization controller (PC), the Lyot filter configured to generate an optical comb based at least in part upon a received optical signal and a polarization rotation angle of the polarization controller; anda phase modulator (PM) configured to generate a modulated tap signal by modulating the optical comb by a RF input signal.2. The RF filter of claim 1 , wherein the tunable birefringence loop comprises a length of polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) claim 1 , the PC is coupled to a distal end of the PMF via the circulator.3. The RF filter of claim 2 , wherein the PC is configured to adjust the polarization rotation angle in a range from 0° to 90°.4. The RF filter of claim 2 , wherein the received optical signal is provided to a proximal end of the PMF via a loop coupling circulator of the Lyot filter.5. The RF filter of claim 4 , wherein the received optical signal is received by the loop coupling circulator through a first polarizer of the Lyot filter.6. The RF filter of claim 5 , wherein the optical comb is provided to the PM through a second polarizer of the Lyot filter.7. The RF filter of claim 6 , wherein the optical comb provided to the PM is amplified.8. The RF filter of claim 4 , wherein the Lyot filter comprises a second tunable birefringence loop comprising a second circulator and a second PC ...

Polarization rotator

A polarization rotator comprises a first waveguide configured to be coupled to an input coupler at a first end and a second waveguide, wherein the first waveguide is offset from the second waveguide and a second end of the first waveguide is coupled to a second end of the second waveguide.

Polarization splitter and rotator

Example polarization splitter and rotator devices are described. In one example, an optical apparatus includes a splitter configured to split a light signal into a first signal having a first polarization and a second signal having a second polarization, a polarization rotator configured to rotate the second polarization of the second signal into a third polarization, and a polarization mode converter configured to convert the third polarization of the second signal into the first polarization. In certain aspects of the embodiments, the splitter can be a curved multi-mode inference (MMI) polarization splitter, and the polarization rotator comprises input and output ports, with the output port being wider than the input port. The polarization mode converter can be an asymmetrical waveguide taper mode converter. The devices described herein can overcome the deficiencies of conventional devices and provide low insertion loss, flat and/or wide wavelength response, high fabrication tolerance, and compact size.

Holographic Waveguides Incorporating Birefringence Control and Methods for Their Fabrication

Many embodiments in accordance with the invention are directed towards waveguides implementing birefringence control. In some embodiments, the waveguide includes a birefringent grating layer and a birefringence control layer. In further embodiments, the birefringence control layer is compact and efficient. Such structures can be utilized for various applications, including but not limited to: compensating for polarization related losses in holographic waveguides; providing three-dimensional LC director alignment in waveguides based on Bragg gratings; and spatially varying angular/spectral bandwidth for homogenizing the output from a waveguide. In some embodiments, a polarization-maintaining, wide-angle, and high-reflection waveguide cladding with polarization compensation is implemented for grating birefringence. In several embodiments, a thin polarization control layer is implemented for providing either quarter wave or half wave retardation.

A method for forming a pressure sensor

A method for forming a pressure sensor is provided wherein an optical fibre is provided, the optical fibre comprising a core, a cladding surrounding the core, and a birefringence structure for inducing birefringence in the core. The birefringence structure comprises first and second holes enclosed within the cladding and extending parallel to the core. A portion of the optical fibre comprising the core and the birefringence structure is encased within a chamber, wherein the chamber is defined by a housing comprising a pressure transfer element for equalising pressure between the inside and the outside of the housing. An optical sensor is provided along the core of the optical fibre. Providing the optical sensor comprises optically inducing stress in the core so that the optical sensor exhibits intrinsic birefringence. The chamber is filled with a substantially non-compressible fluid. Consequently, the birefringence structure is shaped so as to convert an external pressure provided by the non-compressible fluid within the chamber to an anisotropic stress in the optical sensor.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTONIC POLARIZATION ROTATORS

An integrated non-reciprocal polarization rotator comprises a substrate, a Faraday crystal, a first waveguide, and a second waveguide. The substrate has a recess extending to a predetermined depth. The Faraday crystal is mounted in the recess and optically coupled with the first waveguide and the second waveguide. 1. A photonic device comprising:a substrate having a support surface and a device surface opposing the support surface, thereby defining a substrate thickness, wherein the substrate includes a recessed portion extending to a predetermined depth;a Faraday crystal mounted in the recessed portion and having a first facet and a second facet opposing the first facet;a first waveguide integrated on the substrate and optically coupled with the first facet of the Faraday crystal; anda second waveguide integrated on the substrate and optically coupled with the second facet of the Faraday crystal.2. The photonic device of further comprising:a first index matching region disposed between the first waveguide and the first facet of the Faraday crystal; anda second index matching region disposed between the second waveguide and the second facet of the Faraday crystal.3. The photonic device of wherein the Faraday crystal is permanently polled.4. The photonic device of wherein the Faraday crystal comprises at least one of bismuth europium holmium gallium iron garnet or bismuth yttrium iron garnet.5. The photonic device of wherein the Faraday crystal comprises yttrium iron garnet or bismuth-doped iron garnet.6. The photonic device of further comprising a magnet.7. The photonic device of wherein the substrate comprises silicon.8. The photonic device of further comprising an insulating layer disposed between the substrate and the first waveguide; and between the substrate and the second waveguide.9. The photonic device of further comprising an amorphous silicon layer disposed between the insulating layer and the Faraday crystal.10. The photonic device of claim 1 , wherein: ...

FIBRE-OPTIC COMMUNICATION BASED ON DUAL-RAIL AND POLARIZATION ENCODING

According to an example aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising a first optical converter coupled to a fibre interface and to two waveguides, a dual rail encoder configured to encode dual rail form light from the two waveguides with payload information, and wherein the dual rail encoder is coupled to the first optical converter or to a second optical converter disposed between the dual rail encoder and the fibre interface, and wherein the first optical converter or the second optical converter is coupled so as to provide polarization encoded light into the fibre interface. 135-. (canceled)36. An apparatus comprising:a first optical converter arranged to receive polarization encoded light from a fibre interface, to convert the polarization encoded light into dual rail form light and to output the dual rail form light into two waveguides;a dual rail encoder configured to encode the dual rail form light from the two waveguides with payload information and to modify the dual rail form light to correct, based on adjustment information concerning a fibre, for polarization rotation caused by the fibre, andwherein an output of the dual rail encoder is coupled to the first optical converter or to a second optical converter disposed between the dual rail encoder and the fibre interface, and wherein the first optical converter or the second optical converter is coupled so as to convert the dual rail form light from the dual rail encoder into polarization encoded light and to provide this polarization encoded light into the fibre interface.37. The apparatus according to claim 36 , wherein the first optical converter comprises a polarization rotator splitter combiner arranged to receive light from the output of the dual rail encoder.38. The apparatus according to claim 36 , wherein the first optical converter comprises a polarization splitter rotator claim 36 , and the second optical converter comprises a polarization rotator combiner arranged to convert the output of ...

WAVEGUIDE MODE CONVERTER, POLARIZATION BEAM SPLITTER, AND OPTICAL DEVICE

Provided is a waveguide mode converter () that converts a waveguide mode and that is placed in a transition area (connection section) () of a rib-type waveguide () and a channel-type waveguide (). The rib-type waveguide () has a tapered section (). The tapered section () constitutes a core layer () that extends on both sides of a rib () and has a width (Wt) that changes gradually in a direction that is vertical to the waveguide direction. 1. A waveguide mode converter , whereinthe waveguide mode converter is a rib-type waveguide which placed in a connection section of a rib-type waveguide and a channel-type waveguide and includes a tapered section, and whereinthe tapered section is a core layer which extends on both sides of a rib, and a width of the tapered section changes gradually in a direction which is vertical to a waveguide direction.2. The waveguide mode converter according to claim 1 , whereina width of the core layer, which includes the tapered section, in the direction which is vertical to the waveguide direction is three times as large as or larger than a width of the rib.3. The waveguide mode converter according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,in the case that a value indicating a width change of the tapered section is denoted as Ts, and a width of the core layer, which includes the tapered section, in the direction vertical to the waveguide direction is denoted as Wr, and a width of a core layer of the channel-type waveguide is denoted as Ww, and a value of (Wr−Ww)/Lt is denoted as Ts, the value Ts indicating the width change of the tapered section is smaller than 0.1.4. An polarization beam splitter claim 1 , comprising:an optical demultiplexer which is formed by a rib-type waveguide, and splits an input light into a first input light and a second input light;an optical multiplexer which is formed by the rib-type waveguide and multiplexes the first input light and the second input light into which the optical demultiplexer splits the input light;a first ...

Shuttered Waveguide Light Field Display

A light field display device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a view image generator, a waveguide, and a set of shutters spatially distributed along the waveguide, the view image generator optically coupled to the waveguide, the waveguide optically coupled to each shutter, the view image generator operable to generate a set of beams of light from one of a set of view images, the waveguide configured to transmit the set of beams along its length via internal reflection, each shutter operable to be switched between a closed state and an open state, the closed state of the shutter configured to prevent the beams from escaping the waveguide, the open state of the shutter configured to allow the beams to escape the waveguide, the module operable to generate, over time, the set of beams from a different one of the set of view images, and to open, over time, a different subset of the set of shutters, thereby to allow the set of beams escaping from the subset to correspond to a different one of the set of view images. 1. A light field display device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module , the multiplexed light field display module comprising a view image generator , a waveguide , and a set of first shutters spatially distributed along the waveguide , the view image generator optically coupled to the waveguide , the waveguide optically coupled to each first shutter , the view image generator operable to generate a set of beams of light from one of a set of view images , the waveguide configured to transmit the set of beams along its length via internal reflection , each first shutter operable to be switched between a closed state and an open state , the closed state of the first shutter configured to prevent the beams from escaping the waveguide , the open state of the first shutter configured to allow the beams to escape the waveguide , the module operable to ...

POLARIZING SPLITTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

A method for manufacturing a polarizing splitter includes providing a substrate including a top surface; forming a ridged asymmetric Y-shaped waveguide and a base by etching the substrate from the top surface into an inner region, the base includes an upper surface paralleling with the top surface, the ridged asymmetric Y-shaped waveguide projects from the upper surface of the base, and includes an input section configured for transmitting both a transverse electric wave and a transverse magnetic wave, a first branch configured for transmitting the transverse magnetic wave only, and a second branch configured for transmitting the transverse electric wave only, the first and the second branches branch from the input section; and forming a pair of strip-shaped first electrodes on the upper surface of the base, the strip-shaped first electrodes arranged at opposite sides of the input section and parallel with a central axis of the input section. 1. A method for manufacturing a polarizing splitter , comprising:providing a substrate, the substrate comprising a top surface;forming a ridged asymmetric Y-shaped waveguide and a base by etching the substrate from the top surface into an inner region, the base being thinner than the substrate, the base comprising an upper surface parallel with the top surface, the ridged asymmetric Y-shaped waveguide projecting from the upper surface of the base and comprising an input section configured for transmitting both a transverse electric wave and a transverse magnetic wave, a first branch configured for transmitting the transverse magnetic wave only, and a second branch configured for transmitting the transverse electric wave only, the first branch and the second branch branching from the input section; andforming a pair of strip-shaped first electrodes on the upper surface of the base, the strip-shaped first electrodes arranged at opposite sides of the input section and substantially parallel with a central axis of the input section ...

Wavelength Division Multiplexed Polarization Independent Reflective Modulators

An apparatus comprising a polarization beam splitter optically coupled to a first light path and a second light path and configured to receive a CW light having a plurality of wavelengths, forward a first light beam of the CW light along the first light path, and forward a second light beam of the CW light along the second light path. A first multiplexer coupled to the first light path and configured to de-multiplex the first light beam into a first plurality of channels each corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths. A second multiplexer coupled to the second light path and configured to de-multiplex the second light beam into a second plurality of channels each corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths. A modulator coupled to the first multiplexer and the second multiplexer and configured to modulate the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels. 1. An apparatus comprising:a polarization beam splitter optically coupled to a first light path and a second light path and configured to:receive a continuous wave (CW) light having a plurality of wavelengths;forward a first light beam of the CW light along the first light path; andforward a second light beam of the CW light along the second light path, wherein a first polarization of the first light beam is perpendicular to a second polarization of the second light beam when exiting the polarization beam splitter;a first multiplexer coupled to the first light path and configured to de-multiplex the first light beam into a first plurality of optical carriers, each of the first plurality of optical carriers corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths;a second multiplexer coupled to the second light path and configured to de-multiplex the second light beam into a second plurality of optical carriers, each of second plurality of optical carriers corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths; anda first optical modulator coupled to the first multiplexer and the ...

High Isolation and Low Insertion Loss Optical Isolator

An optical isolator has high isolation and low insertion loss in bandwidth. An input fiber collimator, isolator cores, and an output fiber collimator are connected in sequence in an optical path. Acute ends of wedge surfaces of lenses and fiber heads of the collimators are polished to form small platforms. Faraday crystals of the cores are optically active and are different in wavelength; birefringent wedges of the cores are different in wedge angle; and an optical axis of the birefringent wedges at an emitting end of the first core is perpendicular to an optical axis of the birefringent wedges at an incident end of the second core. The two stages of Faraday crystals with different wavelengths are overlaid to extend and widen isolation performance in bandwidth, and a small-spot collimator design is adopted so coupling loss is low, performance is stable, and reliability is high. 1. An optical isolator , comprising:an input fiber collimator, a dual-stage optical isolator core, and an output fiber collimator connected in sequence in a direction of an optical path;the input and output fiber collimators each having a lens and a fiber head, acute ends of wedge surfaces of the lenses and the fiber heads being polished to form platforms; andthe dual-stage optical isolator core at least including a first-stage optical isolation assembly and a second-stage optical isolation assembly, each of the first-stage and second-stage optical isolation assemblies at least including two birefringent wedge pieces, and one Faraday optically active crystal placed between the corresponding two birefringent wedge pieces;the Faraday optically active crystals for the first-stage and second-stage optical isolation assemblies being different in wavelength,the birefringent wedge pieces for the first-stage and second-stage optical isolation assemblies being different in wedge angle,a first optical axis of the birefringent wedge pieces at an emitting end of the first-stage optical isolation assembly ...

OPTICAL FIBER, OPTICAL SENSOR INCLUDING OPTICAL FIBER, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL FIBER, AND DEPOSITION APPARATUS THEREFOR

Disclosed is an optical fiber including a plasmonic optical filter with a closed curved shape provided at, at least portion thereof. A method of manufacturing the plasmonic optical filter includes a step of exposing a core, a step of forming a thin metal film on the core through physical vapor deposition while rotating the core in a circumferential direction after changing a rotation axis of the core, and a step of patterning nanopatterns on the cylinder-shaped thin metal film using focused ion beam technique assisted with endpoint detection method. Due to such constitutions, an active area to generate an optical signal for optical sensor can be increased. 1. An optical fiber , wherein a plasmonic optical filter having a closed curved shape is provided to at least a portion of the optical fiber.2. The optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the plasmonic optical filter is formed by pattering a thin metal film formed into a cylindrical shape at a portion of a circumferential surface of an exposed core with nanopatterns.3. The optical fiber according to claim 2 , wherein the thin metal film is made of at least one of gold claim 2 , silver claim 2 , aluminum claim 2 , and chrome.4. The optical fiber according to claim 2 , wherein the nanopatterns comprise a plurality of holes perforating the thin metal film.5. The optical fiber according to claim 2 , wherein the nanopatterns are arranged side by side.6. An optical fiber claim 2 , comprising:a core;a cladding surrounding a portion of the core and made of a material having a lower refractive index than a material of the core; andan optical filter formed into a cylindrical shape at another portion of the core and comprising a thin metal film patterned with nanopatterns.7. An optical sensor claim 2 , comprising:a light source for generating light;a probe for sensing the light guided to a target and transmitted, at least a portion of the probe comprising an optical fiber that comprises a plasmonic optical filter having ...

POLARIZATION INDEPENDENT OPTICAL ISOLATOR

The present invention is a polarization independent optical isolator including two polarizing separation members each configured to separate polarization components of a transmitted light, an absorptive polarizer arranged on optical paths of separated transmitted lights and corresponding to a plane of polarization of each separated transmitted light, and a Faraday rotator, wherein the Faraday rotator is arranged downstream of the absorptive polarizer in a forward direction. As a result, there can be provided a polarization independent optical isolator that requires no stray light processing of separated optical feedback and shows high isolation. 2. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 1 , wherein a half-wave plate is arranged downstream of the absorptive polarizer in the forward direction.3. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 1 , wherein a half-wave plate is arranged upstream of the absorptive polarizer in the forward direction.4. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 1 , whereinthe polarization independent optical isolator comprises two Faraday rotators, andone of the Faraday rotators is arranged upstream of the absorptive polarizer in the forward direction.5. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 1 , wherein the polarizing separation members are a polarizing prism.6. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 2 , wherein the polarizing separation members are a polarizing prism.7. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 3 , wherein the polarizing separation members are a polarizing prism.8. The polarization independent optical isolator according to claim 4 , wherein the polarizing separation members are a polarizing prism. The present invention relates to an optical component for use in optical communication and optical measurement, that is to say, an optical isolator used for preventing reflections from re- ...

BROAD SPECTRUM RADIATION BY SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION USING A TAPERED OPTICAL FIBER

A measurement apparatus, including: a tapered optical fiber, the tapered optical fiber having an input to receive radiation and having an output to provide spectrally broadened output radiation toward a measurement target, the tapered optical fiber configured to spectrally broaden the radiation received at the input; and a detector system configured to receive a redirected portion of the output radiation from the measurement target. 1. A measurement apparatus , comprising:a tapered optical fiber, the tapered optical fiber having an input to receive radiation and having an output to provide spectrally broadened output radiation toward a measurement target, the tapered optical fiber configured to spectrally broaden the radiation received at the input; anda detector system configured to receive a redirected portion of the output radiation from the measurement target.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tapered optical fiber comprises an untapered region to receive the radiation at its core and a tapered region to provide the spectrally broadened output radiation claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional size of the tapered region is smaller than a cross-sectional size of the core of the untapered region.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the core cross-sectional size of the untapered region and/or a core cross-sectional size of an untapered region of the tapered optical fiber to receive the spectrally broadened output radiation claim 2 , is up to about 10 μm.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the cross-sectional size of the tapered region is up to about 2.5 μm.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a length of the tapered region is between about 10 cm and about 50 cm.6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a first transition region is configured to couple the untapered region and the tapered region claim 2 , and wherein a length of the first transition region is between about 1 cm and about 5 cm.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein a second transition region is ...

OPTICAL FIBER, OPTICAL SENSOR INCLUDING OPTICAL FIBER, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL FIBER, AND DEPOSITION APPARATUS THEREFOR

Disclosed is an optical fiber including a plasmonic optical filter with a closed curved shape provided at, at least portion thereof. A method of manufacturing the plasmonic optical filter includes a step of exposing a core, a step of forming a thin metal film on the core through physical vapor deposition while rotating the core in a circumferential direction after changing a rotation axis of the core, and a step of patterning nanopatterns on the cylinder-shaped thin metal film using focused ion beam technique assisted with endpoint detection method. Due to such constitutions, an active area to generate an optical signal for optical sensor can be increased. 1. An optical sensor , comprising:a light source for generating light;a probe for sensing the light guided to a target and transmitted, at least a portion of the probe comprising an optical fiber that comprises a plasmonic optical filter having a closed curved shape; anda detector for detecting the target by detecting light transmitted from the probe.2. The optical sensor according to claim 1 , comprising:input and sensing ports provided between the light source and probe and guiding input and sensing of the light; anda detection port provided between the probe and the detector and guiding detection of the light.3. An optical sensor claim 1 , comprising:a light source for generating light;a probe for sensing the light guided to a target and being reflected, at least a portion of the probe comprising an optical fiber that comprises a plasmonic optical filter having a closed curved shape;a detector for detecting the target by detecting the light reflected from the probe; anda circulator for circulating the light in an order of the light source, the probe, and the detector, the circulator being provided among the light source, the probe, and the detector.4. The optical sensor according to claim 3 , comprising:an input port for guiding input of light, the input port being provided between the light source and the ...

METHOD FOR REDUCING GAWBS NOISE BY REDUCING POLARIZATION DIFFUSION LENGTH

Aspects of the present disclosure describe methods for reducing guided acoustic wave Brillouin (GAWBS) noise in an optical fiber that may be included in an optical communications system by reducing the polarization diffusion length of the fiber by increasing the birefringence of the optical fiber, the increased birefringence of the optical fiber being increased with respect to its average magnitude. Additionally, the polarization diffusion length is reduced by reducing the coherence length of birefringence of the optical fiber. 1. A method for reducing guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) processes taking place in an optical fiber that is a component part of an optical communications system by reducing the polarization diffusion length of the optical fiber.2. The method of wherein the polarization diffusion length of the optical fiber is reduced by increasing the birefringence of the optical fiber.3. The method of wherein the increased birefringence of the optical fiber is increased with respect to its average magnitude.4. The method of wherein the polarization diffusion length is reduced by reducing the coherence length of birefringence of the optical fiber.5. The method of wherein the coherence length of birefringence of the optical fiber is reduced by spinning a fiber preform of the optical fiber as it is drawn during manufacture.6. The method of wherein the optical fiber exhibits an asymmetry in its optical core such that the birefringence average magnitude of the optical fiber is achieved. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/155,780 filed 3 Mar. 2020 the entire contents of each is incorporated by reference as if set forth at length herein.This disclosure relates generally to optical communications systems, methods, and structures. More particularly, it describes methods for reducing low guided acoustic Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) noise by reducing polarization diffusion length.As is known in the ...

Head-Mounted Light Field Display

A head-mounted light field display device, the device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face an eye of a viewer wearing the device, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator and a waveguide with a set of shutters, the light field view image generator operable to generate, over time, a set of beams of light from a different one of a set of light field view images, the shuttered waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams and to open, over time, a different subset of the set of shutters, the subset corresponding to a position associated with the view image, thereby to emit the set of beams via the subset, thereby to display to the viewer a time-varying optical light field representative of the set of view images. 1. A head-mounted light field display device , the device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face at least one eye of a viewer wearing the device , the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator , a first waveguide comprising a set of first shutters spatially distributed in a two-dimensional array across , and a second waveguide optically coupled to the view image generator and to one edge of the first waveguide , the light field view image generator operable to generate , over time , a set of beams of light from a different one of a first set of light field view images , the second waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams from the view image generator to the first waveguide , the first waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams along its length and past any closed first shutters , and to open , over time , a different subset of the set of first shutters , the subset of the set of first shutters corresponding to a position associated with the view image , thereby to emit the set of beams via the subset of the set of first shutters , thereby to display to the viewer a time- ...

OPTICAL ISOLATOR

An optical isolator includes: an input-side lens converting an operating light incident in a forward direction via an optical fiber input end into parallel light beams; an input-side polarizer disposed on a right hand of the input-side lens; a Faraday rotator rotating a polarization plane of the operating light having been converted into the parallel light beams; an output-side polarizer disposed on an output side of the Faraday rotator; an output-side lens transmitting the operating light having passed through the output-side polarizer; an optical filter blocking light leakage and transmitting the operating light; an optical fiber output end that the operating light exits; and a housing accommodating the input-side lens, the input-side polarizer, the Faraday rotator, the output-side polarizer, the output-side lens, the optical filter and the optical fiber output end therein to enclose them. 1. An optical isolator comprising:an input-side lens converting an operating light incident in a forward direction via an optical fiber input end into parallel light beams;an input-side polarizer disposed on a output side of the input-side lens;a Faraday rotator rotating a polarization plane of the operating light having been converted into the parallel light beams;an output-side polarizer disposed on an output side of the Faraday rotator;an output-side lens transmitting the operating light having passed through the output-side polarizer;an optical filter blocking light leakage and transmitting the operating light;an optical fiber output end that the operating light exits; anda housing accommodating the input-side lens, the input-side polarizer, the Faraday rotator, the output-side polarizer, the output-side lens, the optical filter and the optical fiber output end therein to enclose them.2. The optical isolator of claim 1 , further comprising: at least one selected from one or more lenses claim 1 , Faraday rotators claim 1 , polarizers claim 1 , wave plates claim 1 , ...

Optical module and erbium-doped fiber amplifier

An optical module includes an optical fiber component, a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) filter, at least one isolator, a mirror and an optical detecting component. The optical fiber component, the WDM filter, the at least one isolator, the mirror and the optical detecting component are configured to prevent a signal light which is before an EDF component and an amplified signal light after the EDF component from counter transmission with a simplified structure and compact size.

Method and circuit for endless phase and polarization control

A path-switchable dual polarization controller includes an input polarization beam splitter (PBS) switchably connected to either one of two optical controllers configured to tunably remix polarization components received from the PBS to obtain two target polarization components of input light. When one of the optical controllers requires a reset, PBS outputs are switched to the other optical controller, and the first optical controller is reset offline. The circuit may be used for polarization demultiplexing.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ALL-OPTICAL INFORMATION EXCHANGE

An all-optical information exchange device and method are provided. The all-optical information exchange device includes: a second-order nonlinear optical waveguide, a first optical coupler, a third optical coupler, a fourth optical coupler, a first optical filter, a second optical filter and a first polarization controller; the first optical filter is transmissive to a first wavelength/waveband signal light, and the second optical filter is transmissive to a second wavelength/waveband signal light during use. 1. An all-optical information exchange device , comprising:a second-order nonlinear optical waveguide, a first optical coupler, a third optical coupler, a fourth optical coupler, a first optical filter, a second optical filter and a first polarization controller; wherein,a first port of the first polarization controller is configured as an input port for a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signal light, and a second port of the first polarization controller is connected to a first port of the first optical coupler;a second port of the first optical coupler is configured as an output port for the WDM signal light, a third port of the first optical coupler is connected to a first port of the first optical filter, and a forth port of the first optical coupler is connected to a first port of the second optical filter;a second port of the first optical filter is connected to a first port of the third optical coupler, and second port of second optical filter is connected to a first port of the fourth optical coupler;a first port of the second-order nonlinear optical waveguide is connected to a third port of the third optical coupler, a second port of the second-order nonlinear optical waveguide is connected to a third port of the fourth optical coupler;a second port of the third optical coupler and a second port of the fourth optical coupler are configured as input ports for a control light respectively; andthe WDM signal light comprises a first wavelength/ ...

NONRECIPROCAL OPTICAL TRANSMISSION DEVICE AND OPTICAL APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME

Nonreciprocal optical transmission devices and optical apparatuses including the nonreciprocal optical transmission devices are provided. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device includes an optical input portion, an optical output portion, and an intermediate connecting portion interposed between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and comprising optical waveguides. A complex refractive index of any one or any combination of the optical waveguides changes between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and a transmission direction of light through the nonreciprocal optical transmission device is controlled by a change in the complex refractive index. 1. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device comprising:an optical input portion;an optical output portion; andan intermediate connecting portion interposed between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and comprising optical waveguides,wherein a complex refractive index of any one or any combination of the optical waveguides changes between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and a transmission direction of light through the nonreciprocal optical transmission device is controlled by a change in the complex refractive index.2. The nonreciprocal optical transmission device of claim 1 , wherein a change profile of the complex refractive index in a direction from the optical input portion to the optical output portion and a change profile of the complex refractive index in a direction from the optical output portion to the optical input portion are asymmetric with respect to a center of the intermediate connecting portion.3. The nonreciprocal optical transmission device of claim 1 , wherein the optical waveguides comprise a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide claim 1 , and{'sub': 1', '2, 'a difference between a change amount (Δn′) of a real part of a complex refractive index of the first optical waveguide and a change ...

COMPACT OPTICAL CIRCULATOR

Compact optical circulator designs using polarization selective optical elements for versatile applications. 1. An optical circulator , comprising:different input/out optical port modules, each including (1) an optical polarization module for splitting light received at a first side into different light beams of orthogonal optical polarizations to emerge at a second side or combining light beams of orthogonal optical polarizations received at the second side into a single light beam to emerge at the first side, (2) two half-wave plates displaced from each other and located on the second side of the birefringent module to transform two light beams in orthogonal polarizations into two beams of a common polarization, and (3) a Faraday rotator placed to receive light from the two half-wave plates; anddifferent prisms placed relative to the different input/out optical port modules to interface with the different input/out optical port modules to exchange light and configured to include at least one angled interface surface between two adjacent prisms that is coated with a polarization beam splitting coating that transmits light at a first optical polarization and reflects light at a second optical polarization that is orthogonal to the first optical polarization,wherein the different prisms and the different input/out optical port modules are structured to direct light therebetween to cause light to be directed from one input/output optical port to another input/output optical port to effectuate an optical circulator operation.2. The optical circulator as in claim 1 , wherein the two half-wave plates in each input/out optical port module have different optical axis orientations so that one of the two half-wave plates rotates the polarization 45° in one direction and another of the two half-wave plates rotates the polarization 45° in an opposite direction.3. The optical circulator as in claim 1 , wherein an optical polarization module in the input/out optical port modules ...

SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL IMAGING OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES

A fiber-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) system uses a new polarization diversity detection (PDD) scheme and requires no active polarization modulating components. Retardation of the sample can be determined from amplitudes of arbitrarily-oriented x- and y-components of the reflected light. A hybrid custom 50/50 coupler with single-mode fiber inputs and polarization maintaining (PM) fiber outputs combines light from sample and reference arms of an interferometer. Another embodiment provides a system adapted to provide co-registered autofluorescence-optical coherence tomography (AF-OCT) imaging. AF excitation light is introduced and collected AF light is extracted at a fiber optic rotary joint (FORJ) equipped with an embedded dichroic mirror. A probe tip that uses a clad fiber to supply light to a focusing element provides enhanced OCT and AF performance. 1. Apparatus for optical coherence tomography comprising:a reference arm;a sample arm,a light splitter connected to direct a first portion of light from a light source into the reference arm by way of a first non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber path and a second portion of light from the light source into the sample arm by way of a second non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber path,a light combiner connected to receive light from the reference arm by way of a third non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber path and to receive light from the sample arm by way of a fourth non-polarization-maintaining optical fiber path, the light combiner configured to allow interference of the light received from the sample and reference arms,the light combiner having first and second outputs respectively connected to first and second polarizing beam splitters by first and second polarization maintaining optical fiber paths, the first and second polarizing beam splitters each having first and second outputs, the first outputs of the first and second polarizing beam splitters connected by ...

OPTICAL ISOLATOR WITH OPTICAL FIBERS ARRANGED ON ONE SINGLE SIDE

An optical isolator has optical fibers arranged on a single side. The optical isolator includes an input optical fiber, an output optical fiber, an input splitting/combining device, an output splitting/combining device, an input optical rotation device, an output optical rotation device, a lens, a Faraday rotator, and a reflector. The input optical fiber and the output optical fiber are on a same side of each of the lens, the Faraday rotator, and the reflector. The optical isolator with input and output optical fibers arranged on a single side only needs to use one lens. The input and output splitting/combining devices are fixed on an end surfaces of input/output optical fibers, respectively. 1. An optical isolator device for one-way transmission of an optical beam , the isolator comprising:an input, for the optical beam, having: an input birefringent device, and an input rotation device disposed in optical communication with the input birefringent device;an output, for the optical beam, having: an output birefringent device, and an output rotation device disposed in optical communication with the output birefringent device;an intermediate rotation device disposed in optical communication with the input and output rotation devices;a reflector disposed in optical communication with the intermediate rotation device and configured to reflect the optical beam incident thereto.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein each of the birefringent devices is configured to displace extraordinary light (e-light) relative to ordinary light (o-light) of the optical beam incident thereto.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein each of the rotation devices is configured to rotate polarized light of the optical beam incident thereto.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the input comprises one or more input fibers disposed in optical communication with the input birefringent device; and wherein the output comprises one or more output fibers disposed in optical communication with the output ...

Optical module having externally-mounted magnetic ring and chip positioning angle and pressing block structure thereof

An optical module having an externally-mounted magnetic ring and a chip positioning angle and a pressing block structure thereof are disclosed. The pressing block structure includes a pressing block. The pressing block includes a pressing block body. The pressing block body is provided with an insertion core positioning hole, a chip accommodating hole, and a magnetic ring accommodating chamber. The chip accommodating hole is provided with at least one positioning angle. The overall assembly accuracy of the optical module is improved, the material cost of the isolator chip is reduced, the positioning of the chip is more accurate, and the occurrence of glue overflow can be avoided.

MONOLITHICALLY-INTEGRATED, POLARIZATION-INDEPENDENT CIRCULATOR

A polarization-independent, optical circulator is formed in silicon photonics. The polarization-independent, optical circulator uses an optical splitter having two couplers and two waveguides joining the two couplers. One of the two waveguides is thinner than the other to create a large effective index difference between TE and TM modes transmitted through the one waveguide. Polarization rotators, including reciprocal and/or non-reciprocal rotators, are further used to create the optical circulator. 1. A device for a semiconductor-waveguide , polarization-independent , optical isolator and/or circulator , the device comprising:an input;a first output;a second output;a first coupler optically coupled with the input;a second coupler optically coupled with the first output and the second output;a first waveguide optically coupling the first coupler with the second coupler, wherein the first waveguide has a first geometry; and the second waveguide has a second geometry, and', 'the second geometry is different from the first geometry., 'a second waveguide optically coupling the first coupler with the second coupler, wherein2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first geometry is different from the second geometry by the first waveguide having a cross-sectional width that is narrower than a cross-sectional width of the second waveguide.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first geometry is different from the second geometry by the first waveguide having a cross-sectional height that is shorter than a cross-sectional height of the second waveguide.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein:the first geometry is different from the second geometry by the first waveguide having a cross-sectional dimension that is less than a cross-sectional dimension of the second waveguide; andcross-sectional dimension is measured in a direction orthogonal to a direction of beam propagation.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first coupler is separated from the second coupler by a distance ...

HIGH ISOLATION OPTICAL SPLITTER

A high isolation optical splitter for the field of optical communications may include an integrated structure of an input fiber, a first output fiber, an input splitting/combining device, a first output splitting/combining device, an input rotation device, a first output rotation device, a first lens, an isolator core, a second lens, a second output rotation device, a second output splitting/combining device, and a second output fiber. By adopting the integrated structure, this disclosed splitter integrates functions of an optical isolator and an optical splitter, which both can input an optical signal into one input fiber and can distribute to two output optical fibers for output. The disclosed splitter can isolate light in opposite directions and can reduce damage to a light source at an input end. In a system application, the disclosed splitter can replace two conventional independent optical isolators and optical splitters to effectively reduce the assembly space, lower the assembly difficulty, simplify the assembly process, and facilitate the development of miniaturized and integrated applications of the system. 1. An optical device for an optical beam , the device comprising:an input, for the optical beam, having: an input birefringent device, and an input rotation device optically coupled to the input birefringent device;a first output, for a first portion of the optical beam, having: a first output birefringent device, and a first output rotation device optically coupled to the first output birefringent device;a second output, for a second portion of the optical beam, having: a second output birefringent device, and a second output rotation device optically coupled to the second output birefringent device; andan intermediate assembly having: a first intermediate rotation device optically coupled to the input rotation device and the first output rotation device, a second intermediate rotation device optically coupled to the second output rotation device, and ...

OPTICAL COUPLING APPARATUS INCLUDING OPTICAL TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING MODULE

An optical coupling apparatus includes a shell in which a sleeve that guides optical coupling is inserted; a ferrule into which an optical fiber collimator stub is inserted, wherein the optical fiber collimator stub is integrated into one with an optical fiber inserted inside the sleeve and converts an optical signal into a collimated beam; and a housing that surrounds the ferrule. 1. An optical coupling apparatus , comprising:a shell in which a sleeve that guides optical coupling is inserted;a ferrule into which an optical fiber collimator stub is inserted, wherein the optical fiber collimator stub is integrated into one with an optical fiber inserted inside the sleeve and converts an optical signal into a collimated beam; anda housing that surrounds the ferrule.2. The optical coupling apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.3. The optical coupling apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the collimator is a collimating lens that is manufactured as one in a same standard as a gradient-index (GRIN) lens or a general optical fiber.4. The optical coupling apparatus of claim 1 , wherein one end of the optical fiber collimator is flat or has an angled edge with a predetermined angle.5. The optical coupling apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the optical fiber collimator is anti-reflection (AR) coated.6. The optical coupling apparatus of claim 1 , wherein on one end of the ferrule claim 1 , an optical isolator to prevent a reflected optical signal from flowing as a light source is mounted. This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0013767, filed on Jan. 28, 2015, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.1. FieldThe following description relates to an optical communications system and more particularly to an apparatus for optical coupling a transmitting and receiving module ...

Low Return Loss Package Structure Of Silicon Photonics With Edge Coupler For DFB Laser Package With Len And Isolator

A compact and highly efficient coupling structure for coupling between DFB-LD and Si PIC edge coupler with suppressed return loss may include a DFB-LD, a Si PIC comprising at least one input edge coupler and at least one output edge coupler, a silica cover lid disposed on the Si PIC and aligned edge to edge with the Si PIC, a single-mode fiber aligned to the at least one output edge coupler of the Si PIC, a lens disposed between the DFB-LD and the at least one input edge coupler of the Si PIC, and an isolator bonded to a facet of the at least one input edge coupler with a first volume of an index matching fluid. The lens may be configured to minimize a mismatch between an output spot size of the DFB-LD and a spot size of the at least one input edge coupler of the Si PIC. 1. An optical package structure , comprising:a distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD);a silicon photonic integrated-circuit chip (Si PIC) comprising at least one input edge coupler and at least one output edge coupler;a silica cover lid disposed on the Si PIC and aligned edge to edge with the Si PIC;a single-mode fiber aligned to the at least one output edge coupler of the Si PIC;a lens disposed between the DFB-LD and the at least one input edge coupler of the Si PIC, the lens configured to minimize a mismatch between an output spot size of the DFB-LD and a spot size of the at least one input edge coupler of the Si PIC; andan isolator bonded to a facet of the at least one input edge coupler with a first volume of an index matching fluid.2. The optical package structure of claim 1 , wherein the isolator comprises a 0°-polarizer claim 1 , a Faraday rotator claim 1 , a 45°-polarizer claim 1 , and a wave plate.3. The optical package structure of claim 2 , wherein the wave plate is aligned to rotate a polarization of an output beam of the DFB-LD to a polarization state of the DFB-LD.4. The optical package structure of claim 2 , wherein the isolator is bonded to the at least one input edge coupler of ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING AND/OR PROVIDING RECIRCULATING OPTICAL DELAY(S)

Exemplary apparatus and method can be availed for providing at least one electromagnetic radiation. For example, it is possible to provide at least one first electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a first characteristic period. Further, with at least one hardware arrangement, it is possible to receive and modify the first electromagnetic radiation(s) into at least one second electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a second characteristic period. The second characteristic period can be smaller than the first characteristic period. The hardware arrangement(s) can include a resonant cavity having a round-trip propagation time for the first electromagnetic radiation(s) that can be approximately the same as the first characteristic period. 1. An apparatus for providing at least one electromagnetic radiation , comprising:at least one source first hardware arrangement which is configured to provide at least one first electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a first characteristic period; andat least one optical system second hardware arrangement which is configured to receive and modify the at least one first electromagnetic radiation into at least one second electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a second characteristic period,wherein the second characteristic period is smaller than the first characteristic period, andwherein the at least one second arrangement includes a resonant cavity having a round-trip propagation time for the at least one first electromagnetic radiation that is approximately the same as the first characteristic period.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one second arrangement includes a coupling device which is configured to admit the at least one first electromagnetic radiation claim 1 , and emit the at least one second electromagnetic radiation.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein ...

Encoding Apparatus, and Quantum Key Distribution Device and System Based on Same

The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus, including: a polarization splitter-rotator PSR, a polarization rotation structure, and a modulator, where the PSR is configured to receive an input signal light, split the input signal light into two parts whose polarization modes are the same, and send the two parts to the polarization rotation structure and the modulator respectively; the polarization rotation structure has functions of rotating, by 180 degrees, a polarization direction of an optical signal entering the polarization rotation structure from one end, and keeping a polarization direction of an optical signal entering the polarization rotation structure from the other end unchanged; the modulator is configured to modulate a light input to the modulator; and the PSR is further configured to receive signal lights sent by the polarization rotation structure and the modulator, combine the two signal lights to send the output signal light. 1. An encoding apparatus , comprising a polarization splitter-rotator (PSR) , a polarization rotation structure , and a modulator , whereinthe PSR has three ports, and is configured to receive an input signal light by using a first port of the PSR, split the input signal light into a first polarized light and a second polarized light, send the first polarized light to the polarization rotation structure by using a second port of the PSR, and sends the second polarized light to the modulator by using a third port of the PSR, wherein a polarization mode of the first polarized light is the same as a polarization mode of the second polarized light;the polarization rotation structure is configured to rotate a polarization direction of the first polarized light by 180 degrees to obtain a rotated first polarized light, and send the rotated first polarized light to the modulator;the modulator is configured to modulate the rotated first polarized light to obtain a first signal light, and send the first signal light to the ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BREAKING TIME-REVERSAL SYMMETRY WITH ACOUSTIC PUMPING OF NANOPHOTONIC CIRCUITS

Systems and methods provide a nonreciprocal nanophotonic modulator. In some examples, the modulator utilizes acoustic pumping, instead of optical pumping with lasers, and is capable of achieving GHz bandwidth. 1. A system , comprising:a resonator;a waveguide coupled with the resonator for guiding a light to the resonator; anda radio frequency drive coupled to the resonator, the radio frequency drive configured to form an acoustic pump of the resonator for breaking time-reversal symmetry for light propagation.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an interdigitated transducer connected with the radio frequency drive claim 1 , where the radio frequency drive powers the interdigitated transducer to form the acoustic pump.3. The system of claim 2 , where the interdigitated transducer and the resonator form a phonon-phonon interaction region on the resonator.4. The system of claim 2 , where the interdigitated transducer is provided at an oblique angle in relation to the resonator.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising grating couplers allowing light to be coupled into the waveguide.6. The system of claim 1 , where the acoustic pump simultaneously breaks orthogonality between optical modes of the resonator while also satisfying a phase matching condition.7. The system of claim 6 , where the acoustic pump comprises a two dimensional acoustic wave.8. The system of claim 1 , where the resonator includes a waveguide including a ridge.9. The system of claim 1 , where the where the resonator further includes a reflector to reflect phonons travelling from the in the acoustic pump back to the resonator.10. The system of claim 1 , where the resonator includes a racetrack shape having two straight sections connected with two curved sections.11. A method claim 1 , comprising:guiding a light to a resonator; anddriving a radio frequency signal to the resonator to form an acoustic pump of the resonator to break time-reversal symmetry for light propagation.12. The method ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REALIZING SPECTRAL POLARIZATION-INDEPENDENT MEASUREMENT BASED ON FREQUENCY DOMAIN DEPOLARIZATION STRUCTURE

The present invention discloses a device and a method for realizing spectral polarization-independent measurement based on a frequency domain depolarization structure. The device comprises a pump light source module, a depolarization module, an SBS effect generation module and a data acquisition and spectrum reconstruction module. The method comprises: emitting laser light having a fixed polarization state from the pump light source module; the laser light from an output end of the pump light source module passing through the depolarization module to become depolarized light; inputting the depolarized light as pump light into the SBS effect generation module to interact with signal light under test input from the outside into the SBS effect generation module; and after amplifying the signal light under test through the SBS effect generation module, performing data acquisition processing through the data acquisition and spectral reconstruction module and finally obtaining a spectrum of a signal under test. The present invention can eliminate the problems that the acquired spectral information is not accurate, the power measurement is not stable and the like when a spectral measurement device based on an SBS effect measures an input signal light having arbitrary polarization state, and has an important application prospect. 1. A depolarization module , characterized in that: the depolarization module comprises an optical power distribution unit , a delay unit , a polarization control unit and an optical power coupling unit with adjustable distribution ratio , wherein:an input end of the optical power distribution unit is an input end of the depolarization module, and two output ends of the optical power distribution unit are respectively connected to input ends of the delay unit and the polarization control unit;output ends of the delay unit and the polarization control unit are respectively connected to two input ends of the optical power coupling unit with ...

MULTI-PORT OPTICAL CIRCULATOR SYSTEM

An optical circulator includes a first optical isolator including a first port and a second port and a plurality of optical isolators coupled to the second port of the first optical isolator. Each of the plurality of optical isolators comprise a first port and a second port. 1. (canceled)2. An optical circulator comprising:a first input/output (I/O) port;a second input/output (I/O) port;a first waveguide including non-reciprocal material and coupled to the first I/O port;a second waveguide including non-reciprocal material and a reciprocal phase shift region and coupled to the second I/O port;a first optical coupler coupled to the first I/O port, the second I/O port, the first waveguide, and the second waveguide, wherein the first optical coupler is operable to introduce a π/2 phase shift for light propagating from the first I/O port to the second waveguide;a third input/output (I/O) port;a reflective structure; and the second optical coupler is operable to introduce a π/2 phase shift for light propagating from the first waveguide to the reflective structure; and', 'the second optical coupler introduces no substantial phase shift for light propagating from the first waveguide to the third I/O port, and the second optical coupler introduces no substantial phase shift for light propagating from the second waveguide to the reflective structure., 'a second optical coupler coupled to the third I/O port, the reflective structure, the first waveguide, and the second waveguide, wherein3. The optical circulator of wherein the first optical coupler is operable to introduce a π/2 phase shift for light propagating from the second I/O port to the first waveguide.4. The optical circulator of wherein the second optical coupler is operable to introduce a π/2 phase shift for light propagating from the third I/O port to the second waveguide.5. The optical circulator of wherein the non-reciprocal material in the first waveguide and the non-reciprocal material in the second waveguide ...

Polarization scrambler based on fiber wave plates

A polarization scrambler based on fiber wave plates is disclosed. A λ/4 unit () is connected between a first polarization control unit () and a second polarization control unit () through single-mode fibers; a first motor () of the first polarization control unit () and a second motor () of the second polarization control unit () simultaneously forwardly and reversely swing in the range of +/−90°, such that polarization states in the system constantly change, for achieving the purpose of polarization disturbance. The polarization scrambler based on fiber wave plates provided by the present invention has low loss, good effect, low cost and simple structure, and is convenient for manufacturing. Its speed is up to milliseconds to meet demands of most optical fiber sensing systems and optical fiber communicating systems.

OPTICAL INTEGRATED DEVICE AND OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETER

The present disclosure provides an optical integrated device and an optical time domain reflectometer. The optical integrated device includes: a packaging outer shell, a first collimator, an optical splitting device, a circulator assembly and a second collimator. The optical splitting device is provided close to the first collimator, is used to reflect a part of the detecting light from the first pigtail and couple the part of the detecting light to the third pigtail, and allows the other part of the detecting light to pass through the optical splitting device. The circulator assembly is provided close to the optical splitting device, the circulator assembly is used to couple the detecting light passing through the optical splitting device to the second pigtail, and couple the detecting light returned from the second pigtail to the third pigtail. The optical integrated device integrates the optical splitting device and the circulator assembly to be packaged in one packaging outer shell, the number of components of the optical time domain reflectometer may be reduced, the number of optical fiber fusion joints may be reduced, a space may be saved and performance may be promoted. 1. An optical integrated device , which is used to split a detecting light from a first pigtail into two split detecting lights , respectively couple the split detecting lights to a second pigtail and a third pigtail and couple the split detecting light returned from the second pigtail to the third pigtail , comprising:a packaging outer shell;a first collimator, an optical splitting device, a circulator assembly and a second collimator which are sequentially provided in the packaging outer shell;the optical splitting device being provided close to the first collimator, being used to reflect a part of the detecting light from the first pigtail and couple the part of the detecting light to the third pigtail, and allowing the other part of the detecting light to pass through the optical splitting ...

Optical Transmitter and Method of Transmitting an Optical Signal

An optical or free space isolator, and optical or optoelectronic transmitter and methods of transmitting an optical signal and making the transmitter are disclosed. The optical/free space isolator includes a first polarizer, configured to polarize light at a first polarization angle and block light at a second polarization angle; a Faraday rotator, configured to rotate the light polarized by the first polarizer by a predetermined number of degrees; and a half waveplate in the optical/light path, having a fixed or predetermined orientation angle. The first polarizer, Faraday rotator/isolator, and half waveplate have respective polarization, rotation and orientation values that allow light to pass through the optical isolator in a first direction, and block reflected light traveling through the optical isolator along a direction opposite to the first direction. 1. An optical or free space isolator , comprising:a) a first polarizer, configured to polarize light at a first polarization angle α and block light at a second polarization angle β;b) a Faraday rotator, configured to rotate the light polarized by the first polarizer by δ degrees, where δ is a predetermined number;c) a second polarizer in a light path passing through the first polarizer and the Faraday rotator, on a side of or surface of the Faraday rotator opposite from the first polarizer, configured to polarize light at a third polarization angle γ; andd) a half waveplate in the light path, having a fixed or predetermined orientation angle ε,wherein α, δ and ε have values that allow light to pass through the optical isolator in a first direction, and block reflected light traveling through the optical isolator along a second direction opposite to the first direction.2. The optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the second polarization angle β is orthogonal to the first polarization angle α.3. The optical isolator of claim 2 , wherein δ+[2*(ε−[α+δ]) is about (2n+1)*90° claim 2 , n is an integer claim 2 , and ...

OPTICAL CIRCULATOR ARRAY

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for optical communications. In one aspect, an optical circulator array includes a plurality of stacked three port circulators each having a respective first port of a first port array, a respective second port of a second port array, and a respective third port of a third port array. Each of the plurality of staked three port circulators share optical components including a first micro lens array optically coupled to the first port array and the third port array, a first walk off crystal, a first half wave plate, a first faraday rotator, a first birefringence wedge pair, a second birefringence wedge pair, a second Faraday rotator, a second half wave plate, a second birefringence walk off crystal, and a second micro lens array optically coupled to the second port array.

OPTICAL ISOLATOR AND OPTICAL MODULE

An apparatus includes a first coupler configured to input input light through an input waveguide and branch the input light into first and second branch waveguides; a second coupler configured to combine the first and second branch waveguides and to output the output light through an output waveguide; a phase adjuster having a birefringent property, provided to the second branch waveguide; and a polarization converter having a birefringent property, provided to the output waveguide and configured to, when reflected light corresponding to the output light is input to the output waveguide, convert a polarization state of the reflected light such that a first part of the reflected light for traveling through the first path and a second part of the reflected light for traveling through the second path are in antiphase at the input waveguide. 1. An apparatus comprising:a first optical coupler configured to input input light through an input waveguide and branch the input light into first and second branch waveguides;a second optical coupler configured to combine the first and the second branch waveguides and to output the output light through an output waveguide;a phase adjuster having a birefringent property, provided to the second branch waveguide; anda polarization converter having a birefringent property, provided to the output waveguide and configured to, when reflected light corresponding to the output light is input to the output waveguide, convert a polarization state of the reflected light such that a first part of the reflected light for traveling through the first path and a second part of the reflected light for traveling through the second path are in antiphase at the input waveguide.2. An optical isolator comprising:an optical waveguide which is formed on or in a substrate and includes an input waveguide configured to receive input light, a first branch waveguide, a second branch waveguide, and an output waveguide configured to output output light ...

NONRECIPROCAL OPTICAL TRANSMISSION DEVICE AND OPTICAL APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME

Nonreciprocal optical transmission devices and optical apparatuses including the nonreciprocal optical transmission devices are provided. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device includes an optical input portion, an optical output portion, and an intermediate connecting portion interposed between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and comprising optical waveguides. A complex refractive index of any one or any combination of the optical waveguides changes between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and a transmission direction of light through the nonreciprocal optical transmission device is controlled by a change in the complex refractive index. 1. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device comprising:an optical input portion;an optical output portion; andan intermediate connecting portion interposed between the optical input portion and the optical output portion, and comprising a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide,a first side patch disposed opposite the second optical waveguide with respect to the first optical waveguide,wherein a distance between the first side patch and the first optical waveguide decreases and then increases in a direction from the optical input portion to the optical output portion, or increases and then decreases in the direction from the optical input portion to the optical output portion.2. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device of claim 1 , wherein either one or both of a width and a thickness of the first optical waveguide changes in the direction from the optical input portion to the optical output portion claim 1 , andwherein both of a width and a thickness of the second optical waveguide is maintained constant between the optical input portion to the optical output portion.3. A nonreciprocal optical transmission device of claim 1 , wherein either one or both of a width and a thickness of the second optical waveguide changes in the direction from the optical ...

LAYERED COAXIAL TRANSMITTER OPTICAL SUBASSEMBLIES WITH SUPPORT BRIDGE THEREBETWEEN

Layered coaxial transmitter optical subassemblies (TOSAs) with a support bridge therebetween may be used in an optical transmitter or transceiver for transmitting optical signals at multiple channel wavelengths. The coaxial TOSAs may include cuboid type TO laser packages having substantially flat outer surfaces that may be mounted on substantially flat outer surfaces on a transmitter or transceiver housing or on the support bridge. The support bridge supports and isolates one layer of the TOSAs mounted over another layer of the TOSAs such that the TOSAs may be stacked to fit within a small space without sacrificing optical coupling efficiency.

OPTICAL CIRCULATORS INTEGRATED INTO TRANSCEIVERS

An optical circulator integrated into a transceiver for bi-directional communication may include a core configured to pass a transmission signal in a transmit direction and a received signal in a receive direction. The optical circulator may include an input port optically coupled to the core. The input port may be configured to deliver the transmission signal to the core. The optical circulator may include an output port optically coupled to the core. The output port may be configured to receive the received signal from the core. The optical circulator may additionally include a network port optically coupled to the core. The network port may be configured to receive the transmission signal from the core and deliver the transmission signal to a fiber optic cable. The network port may be configured to receive the received signal from the fiber optic cable and deliver the received signal to the core. 1. An optical circulator for providing bi-directional communication , the optical circulator comprising: a first, a second and a third polarization beam splitter (PBS);', 'a first polarization shifting assembly optically coupled to the first and the second PBS; and', 'a second polarization shifting assembly optically coupled to the second and the third PBS;, 'a bi-directional propagation core configured to pass a transmission signal in a transmit direction and a received signal in a receive direction, the bi-directional propagation core includingwherein the bi-directional propagation core passes the received signal from the first PBS to the third PBS through the first polarization shifting assembly, the second PBS, and the second polarization shifting assembly;wherein the bi-directional propagation core passes the transmission signal from the second PBS to the first PBS through the first polarization shifting assembly;2. The optical circulator of claim 1 , further comprising a network port optically coupled to the first PBS of the bi-directional propagation core claim 1 ...

Passive Optical Diode on Semiconductor Substrate

A method of fabricating an optical device includes forming on a semiconductor substrate a first optical cavity, a second optical cavity, a first light guide and a second light guide. The first light guide has an input, and is optically coupled to the first optical cavity by a first coupling strength. In addition, the first light guide is optically coupled to the second optical cavity by a second coupling strength. The second light guide has an output, and is coupled to the second optical cavity by a third coupling strength. The first coupling strength is greater than the second coupling strength, and the third coupling strength is greater than the second coupling strength. 1. A method of fabricating an optical device , comprising:forming a first optical cavity formed on a semiconductor substrate, the first optical cavity configured to store light;forming a second optical cavity on the semiconductor substrate, the second optical cavity configured to store light;forming a first light guide on the semiconductor substrate, the first light guide having an input, the first light guide optically coupled to the first optical cavity by a first coupling strength, the first light guide optically coupled to the second optical cavity by a second coupling strength; andforming a second light guide on the semiconductor substrate, the second light guide having an output, the second light guide coupled to the second optical cavity by a third coupling strength;wherein the first coupling strength is greater than the second coupling strength, and the third coupling strength is greater than the second coupling strength.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the first optical cavity comprises forming a first optical resonator claim 1 , and wherein forming the second optical cavity comprises forming a second optical resonator.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein forming the first optical cavity further comprises forming the first optical resonator of single crystal silicon on an ...

DELAY LINE INTERFEROMETER WITH POLARIZATION COMPENSATION AT SELECTIVE FREQUENCY

An apparatus of polarization self-compensated delay line interferometer. The apparatus includes a first waveguide arm of a first material of a first length disposed between an input coupler and an output coupler and a second waveguide arm of the first material of a second length different from the first length disposed between the same input coupler and the same output coupler. The apparatus produces an interference spectrum with multiple periodic passband peaks where certain TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) polarization mode passband peaks are lined up. The apparatus further includes a section of waveguide of a birefringence material of a third length added to the second waveguide arm to induce a phase shift of the lined-up TE/TM passband peaks to a designated grid as corresponding polarization compensated channels of a wide optical band. 1. (canceled)2. The Demux apparatus of wherein the first waveguide arm and the second waveguide arm comprises one or more planar waveguide sections having a same height formed in a same SOI substrate and isolated by silicon oxide.3. A Demux apparatus of polarization self-compensated delay line interferometer claim 3 , the apparatus comprising:a first waveguide arm disposed between an input coupler and an output coupler;a second waveguide arm disposed between the input coupler and the output coupler, wherein the second waveguide arm is at least different from the first waveguide arm by a first length to induce an interference output spectrum having one or more passband peaks lined up for TE (transverse electric) polarization mode and TM (transverse magnetic) polarization mode at one or more channel frequencies of a designated optical band, wherein each of the one or more passband peaks having both TE/TM modes lined up is demultiplexed to a corresponding port of the output coupler;a birefringence waveguide section of a second length inserted in the second waveguide arm to induce a phase shift of the one or more ...

SINGLE-FIBER COUPLED MULTI-WAVELENGTH OPTICAL TRANSCEIVER MODULE

The present patent application discloses a single-fiber coupled multi-wavelength optical transceiver, comprising a fiber ferrule, a circulator subassembly, a multiplexer/demultiplexer subassembly, an optical transmitting subassembly and an optical receiving subassembly. The circulator subassembly comprises three ports. The optical transceiver comprises an optical receiving unit and an optical transmitting unit. The light beams of the optical receiving unit incidents from the fiber ferrule to the first port of the circulator, then output to multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second port of the circulator subassembly. The light beams is then split by the multiplexer/de-multiplexer and received by the receiver optical subassembly. 1. A single-fiber coupled multi-wavelength optical transceiver , comprising: a fiber ferrule , a circulator subassembly , a multiplexer/demultiplexer subassembly , an optical transmitting subassembly and an optical receiving subassembly;wherein the circulator subassembly comprises a first port, a second port and a third port;the optical transceiver comprises an optical receiving unit and an optical transmitting unit; the light beams of the optical receiving unit incidents from the fiber ferrule to the first port of the circulator, then output to multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second port of the circulator subassembly, the light beams is then split by the multiplexer/de-multiplexer and received by the receiver optical subassembly; the light beams of the transmitting unit input to the multiplexer/de-multiplexer from the transmitter optical subassembly, after combined by the multiplexer/de-multiplexer, the light beams incident into the third port of the circulator subassembly, then the light beams output from the first port of the circulator subassembly and input to the fiber ferrule.2. The single-fiber coupled multi-wavelength optical transceiver according to claim 1 , wherein the first port of the three-port circulator subassembly is ...

OPTICAL COUPLER FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS TRANSCEIVER

A planar lightwave circuit may include a set of components. The set of components may include an input waveguide to couple to an optical communications transceiver. The set of components may include an output waveguide to couple to the optical communications transceiver. The set of components may include a common port to couple to an optical fiber. The set of components may include a first polarization beam splitter. The set of components may include a second polarization beam splitter. The set of components may include a third polarization beam splitter. The set of components may include a rotator assembly including a Faraday rotator and a quarter-wave plate. 120-. (canceled)21. An optical device , comprising: an input;', 'an output;', 'a common port;', 'a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, and a third beam splitter; and', 'a non-reciprocal polarization rotator;, 'a set of components including a first optical path couples between the input and the common port in a first direction, and', 'a second optical path couples between the output and the common port in a second, opposite direction., 'where the set of components are arranged such that22. The optical device of claim 21 , where a quantity of components claim 21 , of the set of components claim 21 , are disposed in the first optical path in an order of the input claim 21 , the first beam splitter claim 21 , the non-reciprocal polarization rotator claim 21 , the second beam splitter claim 21 , and the common port.23. The optical device of claim 21 , wherethe second optical path has a first branch and a second branch, anda quantity of components, of the set of components, are disposed in the first branch in an order of the common port, the second beam splitter, the non-reciprocal polarization rotator, the first beam splitter, the third beam splitter, and the output.24. The optical device of claim 21 , wherethe second optical path has a first branch and a second branch, anda quantity of components, of the ...

INTEGRATED OPTICAL COMPONENTS WITH WAVELENGTH TUNING AND POWER ISOLATION FUNCTIONS

A tunable optical filter integrates the functions of wavelength tuning and power isolation of back reflection. The optical signal enters a Faraday rotator twice, and isolation is provided by two birefringent crystals, having their optical axes oriented at 45 degrees with respect to each other. The two birefringent crystals are on the same side of the Faraday rotator. The integration of an optical tunable filter and an isolator function into a single packaged component helps to reduce the size and complexity of optical amplifier systems, such as EDFAs and PDFAs, operating in the 1550 nm and 1310 nm transmission bands, respectively. 1. A tunable optical filter device , comprising:a diffraction element oriented to differentially diffract light of different wavelengths of a beam of light incident thereupon from an input port;a reflector configured to reflect a portion of the beam of light incident thereupon by the diffraction element to be diffracted a second time by the diffraction element in an optical path between the input port and an output port;a first birefringent element having a first optical axis in the optical path between the input port and the diffraction element;a second birefringent element having a second optical axis in the optical path between the diffraction element and the output port, wherein the second optical axis is oriented substantially at a 45 degree angle with respect to the first optical axis along the optical path;one or more Faraday rotators located in the optical path between the first and second birefringent elements such that the optical path passes through each of the Faraday rotators one or more times, where the one or more Faraday rotators are configured to provide a combined rotation of polarization to a beam of light traversing the optical path between the first and second birefringent elements substantially equal to the difference in orientation between the optical axes of the first and second birefringent elements; andan actuator ...

Holographic Waveguides Incorporating Birefringence Control and Methods for Their Fabrication

Many embodiments in accordance with the invention are directed towards waveguides implementing birefringence control. In some embodiments, the waveguide includes a birefringent grating layer and a birefringence control layer. In further embodiments, the birefringence control layer is compact and efficient. Such structures can be utilized for various applications, including but not limited to: compensating for polarization related losses in holographic waveguides; providing three-dimensional LC director alignment in waveguides based on Bragg gratings; and spatially varying angular/spectral bandwidth for homogenizing the output from a waveguide. In some embodiments, a polarization-maintaining, wide-angle, and high-reflection waveguide cladding with polarization compensation is implemented for grating birefringence. In several embodiments, a thin polarization control layer is implemented for providing either quarter wave or half wave retardation. 1. A waveguide comprising:at least one waveguide substrate;at least one birefringent grating;at least one birefringence control layer;a light source for outputting light;an input coupler for directing the light into total internal reflection paths within the waveguide; andan output coupler for extracting light from the waveguide, wherein the interaction of the light with the birefringence control layer and the birefringent grating provides a predefined characteristic of light extracted from the waveguide.2. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the interaction of light with the birefringence control layer provides at least one of: an angular or spectral bandwidth variation;a polarization rotation; a birefringence variation; an angular or spectral dependence of at least one of beam transmission or polarization rotation; and a light transmission variation in at least one direction in the plane of the waveguide substrate.3. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the predefined characteristic varies across the waveguide.4. The waveguide ...

Integrated Optical Fiber and Epsilon-Near-Zero Material

The present disclosure provides an optical waveguide design of a fiber modified with a thin layer of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. The design results in an excitation of a highly confined waveguide mode in the fiber near the wavelength where permittivity of thin layer approaches zero. Due to the high field confinement within thin layer, the ENZ mode can be characterized by a peak in modal loss of the hybrid waveguide. Results show that such in-fiber excitation of ENZ mode is due to the coupling of the guided fundamental core mode to the thin-film ENZ mode. The phase matching wavelength, where the coupling takes place, varies depending on the refractive index of the constituents. These ENZ nanostructured optical fibers have many potential applications, for example, in ENZ nonlinear and magneto-optics, as in-fiber wavelength-dependent filters, and as subwavelength fluid channel for optical and bio-photonic sensing.

Avionics unit

An avionics unit for an avionics network is disclosed having a light emitter to provide a modulated broadband optical signal. The avionics unit also includes a first optical interface and a second optical interface. The first optical interface is optically connected to the light emitter and is to receive a removable wavelength selective filter to extract a modulated narrowband optical signal from the modulated broadband optical signal. The second optical interface is optically connected to the first optical interface and is to output the modulated narrowband optical signal.

DELAY LINE INTERFEROMETER WITH POLARIZATION COMPENSATION AT SELECTIVE FREQUENCY

An apparatus of polarization self-compensated delay line interferometer. The apparatus includes a first waveguide arm of a first material of a first length disposed between an input coupler and an output coupler and a second waveguide arm of the first material of a second length different from the first length disposed between the same input coupler and the same output coupler. The apparatus produces an interference spectrum with multiple periodic passband peaks where certain TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) polarization mode passpand peaks are lined up. The apparatus further includes a section of waveguide of a birefringence material of a third length added to the second waveguide arm to induce a phase shift of the lined-up TE/TM passband peaks to a designated grid as corresponding polarization compensated channels of a wide optical band. 1. A delay line interferometer comprising:a first waveguide arm;a second waveguide arm being different from the first waveguide arm by a first length;a birefringence waveguide section of a second length inserted in the second waveguide arm; wherein the second length is varied stepwisely with a predetermined increment to induce sufficient number of phase shifts of an interference output spectrum with a number of passbank peaks for TE (transverse electric) polarization mode and TM (transverse magnetic) polarization mode being respectively lined up with the same number of channels of a designated optical band;wherein the first waveguide arm comprises a material selected from silicon nitride and silicon nitride mixed with silicon oxide.2. The delay line interferometer of wherein the first waveguide arm and the second waveguide arm comprises one or more planar waveguide sections having a same height formed on a same SOI substrate and isolated by silicon oxide.3. The delay line interferometer of wherein the second waveguide arm comprises the same material as the first waveguide arm or an alternative selection of ...

Transmitter optical subassembly, optical component, optical module, and passive optical network system

A transmitter optical subassembly is disclosed including a substrate and a direct modulated laser disposed on the substrate. A single-stage isolator, a polarization direction rotator, and an optical branching filter are disposed side by side on the substrate in a light propagation direction. The polarization direction rotator can adjust linearly polarized light to P-polarized light, the optical branching filter includes an optical splitter subassembly and a filter subassembly, and an optical splitter film in the optical splitter subassembly is an optical splitter film with P polarization. The polarization direction rotator adjusts the incident linearly polarized light to the P-polarized light, and the optical splitter film in the optical branching filter is the optical splitter film with P polarization; all P-polarized light with single polarization can pass through the optical branching filter, without causing any polarization loss or two peaks.

Holographic Waveguides Incorporating Birefringence Control and Methods for Their Fabrication

Many embodiments in accordance with the invention are directed towards waveguides implementing birefringence control. In some embodiments, the waveguide includes a birefringent grating layer and a birefringence control layer. In further embodiments, the birefringence control layer is compact and efficient. Such structures can be utilized for various applications, including but not limited to: compensating for polarization related losses in holographic waveguides; providing three-dimensional LC director alignment in waveguides based on Bragg gratings; and spatially varying angular/spectral bandwidth for homogenizing the output from a waveguide. In some embodiments, a polarization-maintaining, wide-angle, and high-reflection waveguide cladding with polarization compensation is implemented for grating birefringence. In several embodiments, a thin polarization control layer is implemented for providing either quarter wave or half wave retardation. 1. A waveguide comprising:at least one waveguide substrate;at least one birefringent grating;at least one birefringence control layer;a light source for outputting light;an input coupler for directing the light into total internal reflection paths within the waveguide; andan output coupler for extracting light from the waveguide, wherein the interaction of the light with the birefringence control layer and the birefringent grating provides a predefined characteristic of light extracted from the waveguide.2. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the interaction of light with the birefringence control layer provides at least one of: an angular or spectral bandwidth variation; a polarization rotation; a birefringence variation; an angular or spectral dependence of at least one of beam transmission or polarization rotation; and a light transmission variation in at least one direction in the plane of the waveguide substrate.3. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the predefined characteristic varies across the waveguide.4. The waveguide ...

PROVIDING SPATIAL DISPLACEMENT OF TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE MODES IN LIDAR SYSTEM

An apparatus includes a transceiver and one or more optics. The transceiver is configured to transmit a transmit signal from a laser source in a transmission mode and to receive a return signal reflected by an object in a receive mode. The one or more optics are configured to spatially separate the transmission mode and the receive mode by optically changing a distance between the transmit signal and the return signal. 1. A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system comprising:a transceiver configured to transmit a transmit signal from a laser source in a transmission mode and to receive a return signal reflected by an object in a receive mode; andone or more optics configured to spatially separate the transmission mode and the receive mode by optically changing a distance between the transmit signal and the return signal.2. The LIDAR system as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the transceiver is a bistatic transceiver comprising a transmission waveguide and a receiving waveguide; andthe one or more optics are positioned between the bistatic transceiver and the object.3. The LIDAR system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more optics include a birefringent displacer configured to displace one of the transmit signal and the return signal in a direction orthogonal to a direction of the one of the transmit signal and the return signal.4. The LIDAR system as recited in claim 3 , further comprising a collimation optic configured to shape the transmit signal transmitted from the transmission waveguide and to shape the return signal reflected by the object.5. The LIDAR system as recited in claim 4 , further comprising:a polarization transforming optic configured to adjust a relative phase between orthogonal field components of the transmit signal and the return signal,wherein the birefringent displacer and the polarization transforming optic are positioned between the bistatic transceiver and the collimation optic.6. The LIDAR system as recited in claim 2 , wherein:the ...

LASER SYSTEM WITH DOPED FIBER COMPONENTS

A laser amplifier includes a pump source and an optically active fiber having an input portion configured to receive a signal source and an output portion. The pump source is optically coupled to the optically active fiber. The laser amplifier also includes an output fiber optically coupled to the output portion of the optically active fiber. The output fiber includes a rare-earth element. The laser amplifier further includes a beam expansion section joined to the output fiber. 1. An optical isolator system comprising:an optically active input fiber;an optical element having an input and an output, the input coupled to the optically active input fiber, wherein the optical element is characterized by an optic axis, a first transmittance in a first direction along the optic axis, and a second transmittance less than the first transmittance in a second direction opposite to the first direction; andan output fiber coupled to the output of the optical element.2. The optical isolator system of wherein the output fiber comprises an optically active fiber.3. The optical isolator system of wherein the optically active input fiber comprises a double-clad fiber including a rare-earth doped core.4. The optical isolator system of wherein the optical element comprises a Faraday isolator.5. A laser source comprising:a seed source;an optical circulator including a first port coupled to the seed source, a second port, and a third port;an amplitude modulator characterized by a first side and a second side, wherein the first side is coupled to the second port of the optical circulator; and an active fiber section;', 'a pump source coupled to the active fiber section by a pump coupler, wherein the pump coupler includes a rare-earth doped fiber; and', 'a second fiber amplifier coupled to the third port of the optical circulator., 'a first fiber amplifier characterized by an input end and a reflective end, wherein the input end is coupled to the second side of the amplitude modulator, ...

Broadband silicon nitride polarization beam splitter

A compact polarization beam splitter is formed by cascading two stages of three restricted MMIs. Each MIMI is configured to set ultra compact width and length for a rectangular waveguide body to limit no more than 4 modes therein working as a polarization beam splitter in a 50 nm wavelength window around 1300 nm. Each MMI is further configured to couple an input at a first end and a TE bar output and a TM cross output at a second end of the rectangular waveguide body. The locations of the input/output waveguide ports are designated to be a distance of ⅙ of the width away from a middle line from the first end to the second end. Two second-stage MMIs have their inputs coupled to the TE bar output and the TM cross output of the first-stage MMI and provide a second-stage TE bar output and a second-stage TM cross output, respectively.

Optical Assembly For 90° Polarization Rotation

Embodiments of an optical assembly for use in polarization rotation applications are disclosed. In one aspect, an optical assembly includes a polarization beam splitter a rotational element and a path exchange mirror. The temperature, wavelength and manufacturing dependencies of polarization rotation of this optical assembly are minimal to nonexistent compared to conventional Faraday rotation assemblies as the optical fiber accepts only the desired rotation. As such these optical assemblies have no temperature and wavelength dependencies of the polarization rotation angle over broad temperature and wavelength ranges with minimal additional losses.

OPTICAL ISOLATOR AND SEMICONDUCTOR LASER MODULE

A small, low-cost 1.5-stage optical isolator has, in a forward direction, incoming light and outgoing light polarization directions that are parallel. The isolator includes a first Faraday rotator, a first polarizer, a second Faraday rotator and a second polarizer arranged in order on a light transmission path, and a magnet arranged so as to apply a same-direction magnetic field to the first Faraday rotator and the second Faraday rotator. Faraday rotation in the first Faraday rotator and Faraday rotation in the second Faraday rotator occur in opposite directions. 1. An optical isolator which , in a forward direction , has incoming light and outgoing light polarization directions that are parallel , comprising a first Faraday rotator , a first polarizer , a second Faraday rotator and a second polarizer arranged in order on a light transmission path , and a magnet arranged so as to apply a same-direction magnetic field to the first Faraday rotator and the second Faraday rotator ,wherein Faraday rotation in the first Faraday rotator and Faraday rotation in the second Faraday rotator occur in opposite directions.2. The optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the magnet is magnetized at both ends to different poles and situated at the periphery of the first Faraday rotator claim 1 , the first polarizer claim 1 , the second Faraday rotator and the second polarizer.3. The optical isolator of or claim 1 , wherein the first Faraday rotator claim 1 , the first polarizer claim 1 , the second Faraday rotator and the second polarizer are installed on a flat surface of a flat plate base and the second polarizer has a transmission polarization direction that is parallel to the flat installation surface of the base.4. The optical isolator of wherein claim 1 , in the forward direction claim 1 , the incident face of the first Faraday rotator is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the incoming light.5. A semiconductor laser module comprising a semiconductor laser chip claim 1 , ...

OPTICAL COMPONENT ASSEMBLY, OPTICAL RECEPTACLE, AND TRANSCEIVER MODULE FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

An optical component assembly includes a light-guiding member; a cylindrical member which retains the light-guiding member in a through hole thereof; and a projection which is provided at one end of the cylindrical member so as to extend beyond an outer periphery of the cylindrical member, and is engageable in a groove which is formed in a cylindrical shell so as to extend in an axial direction of the cylindrical shell and then turn at a distal end thereof in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical shell. By fixing the cylindrical shell to the projection, the cylindrical shell becomes attachable and detachable. It is possible to provide an optical receptacle and a transceiver module for optical communications having easy removal of foreign matters. 1. An optical component assembly , comprising:a light-guiding member;a cylindrical member which retains the light-guiding member in a through hole thereof; anda projection which is provided at one end of the cylindrical member so as to extend beyond an outer periphery of the cylindrical member, and is engageable in a groove which is formed in a cylindrical shell so as to extend in an axial direction of the cylindrical shell and then turn in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical shell.2. The optical component assembly according to claim 1 ,wherein the projection is placed in two or more locations which are symmetrical with respect to a center axis of the cylindrical member.3. The optical component assembly according to claim 1 ,wherein the cylindrical member includes a protrusion which protrudes from one end face thereof and the projection is placed at a side face of the protrusion.4. The optical component assembly according to claim 1 ,wherein at least part of a rear end face of the light-guiding member is an inclined face, andan inclination direction of the inclined face has a predetermined positional relationship with a protruding direction of the projection.5. The optical component assembly according to ...

COMBINED SPLITTER, ISOLATOR AND SPOT-SIZE CONVERTER

An integrated and compact multifunctional optical isolator (i.e., a combined splitter, isolator, and spot-size converter), which is suitable for use in a TOSA, includes input optics including a first polarizer, a Faraday rotator, and a second polarizer. The input optics include a wedge having a partially reflective coating disposed on a first face thereof. The input beam is incident on the first face at a non-normal angle of incidence such light passing through the wedge is refracted to a second face of the wedge, which is tilted relative to the first face by a predetermined wedge angle. At least one of the non-normal angle of incidence and the predetermined wedge angle is determined dependence upon a refractive index of the wedge material and a target anamorphic magnification of the input beam of light. 1. A multifunctional optical isolator comprising:an input port for transmitting an input beam of light;input optics optically disposed between the input port and an output port, the input optics comprising a first polarizer for transmitting light having a first polarization;a second polarizer optically disposed between the input optics and the output port oriented to transmit light having a second polarization, the first polarization different than the second polarization; anda non-reciprocal rotator optically disposed between the input optics and the second polarizer oriented to rotate the polarization of light transmitted therethrough such that light propagating in a forward propagating direction having the first polarization passes through the second polarizer to the output port, and light propagating in a backward propagation direction having the second polarization is not passed through the first polarizer to the input port,wherein the input optics comprises a wedge having a partially reflective coating disposed on a first face thereof, the partially reflective coating for reflecting a first portion of the input beam of light away from the wedge and allowing a ...

Integrated optical circulator apparatus, method, and applications

An optical circulator is a device that routes optical pulses from port to port in a predetermined manner, e.g. in a 3-port optical circulator, optical pulses entering port 1 are routed out of port 2 , while optical pulses entering port 2 exit out of port 3 and optical pulses fed into port 3 exit out of port 3 . Currently such an optical circulator is made of discrete components such as magnetooptic garnets, rare-earth magnets and optical polarizers that are packaged together with fiber optic elements. Disclosed herein is a different kind of optical circulator that is monolithically integrated on a single semiconductor substrate and that is applicable for the routing of optical pulses. The embodied invention will enable photonic integrated circuits to incorporate on-chip optical circulator functionality thereby allowing much more complex optical designs to be implemented monolithically.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTONIC POLARIZATION ROTATORS

Photonic rotators integrated on a substrate are disclosed for manipulating light polarization. 1. A method of operating an apparatus comprising:receiving, at a first waveguide polarizing beam splitter (PBS) an input light beam having a TE polarization component and a TM polarization component, wherein the input light beam is propagating downstream;rotating the TE polarization component of the input light beam using a first polarization rotator to provide a first rotated TE polarization component of the input light beam;rotating the first rotated TE polarization component of the input light beam using a first Faraday rotator to provide a second rotated TE polarization component of the input light beam;rotating the TM polarization component of the input light beam using a second polarization rotator to provide a first rotated TM polarization component of the input light beam;rotating the first rotated TM polarization component of the input light beam using a second Faraday rotator to provide a second rotated TM polarization component of the input light beam; andcombining, at a second waveguide PBS, the second rotated TE polarization component and the second rotated TM polarization component of the input light beam to form a recombined input light beam propagating downstream.2. The method of further comprising:receiving, at the second waveguide PBS, an output light beam having a TE polarization component and a TM polarization component, wherein the output light beam is propagating upstream;rotating the TE polarization component of the output light beam using the first Faraday rotator to provide a first rotated TE polarization component of the output light beam;rotating the first rotated TE polarization component of the output light beam using the first polarization rotator to provide a second rotated TE polarization component of the output light beam;rotating the TM polarization component of the output light beam using the second Faraday rotator to provide a first ...

Miniaturized optical circulator

A miniaturized optical circulator includes: two polarized beam splitters and a 45-degree Faraday rotator ( 300 ). An optical signal of a first optical path is input from a common terminal (T 1 ) and then is separated into a first polarization component and a second polarization component by a first polarized beam splitter ( 100 ), the first polarization component first passes through the 45-degree Faraday rotator ( 300 ), reached a second polarized beam splitter ( 400 ) and then is reflected back, and at least successively passes through the 45-degree Faraday rotator ( 300 ) and the first polarization beam ( 100 ), and reached a receiving terminal (T 2 ); the second polarization component at least under goes one reflection of the first polarized beam splitter ( 100 ) subsequent to being separated, and reaches the receiving terminal (T 2 ); the optical signal of a second optical path is input from a transmitting terminal (T 3 ), successively passes through the second polarized beam splitter ( 400 ), the 45-degree Faraday rotator ( 300 ), and the polarized beam splitter ( 100 ), and is output by the common terminal (T 1 ). The optical circulator is small in volume and low in costs, and is easy to integrate.

多端口光纤环行器

一种反射式环行器,包括一双折射分束和组合单元、一非互易偏振旋转器、和双折射平移单元。该环行器的某些实施例包括一倒像反射镜。该环行器能够缩放,以包含大量排列成一维阵列或两维图形的端口。

Holographic waveguides incorporating birefringence control and methods for their fabrication

Many embodiments in accordance with the invention are directed towards waveguides implementing birefringence control. In some embodiments, the waveguide includes a birefringent grating layer and a birefringence control layer. In further embodiments, the birefringence control layer is compact and efficient. Such structures can be utilized for various applications, including but not limited to: compensating for polarization related losses in holographic waveguides; providing three-dimensional LC director alignment in waveguides based on Bragg gratings; and spatially varying angular/spectral bandwidth for homogenizing the output from a waveguide. In some embodiments, a polarization-maintaining, wide-angle, and high-reflection waveguide cladding with polarization compensation is implemented for grating birefringence. In several embodiments, a thin polarization control layer is implemented for providing either quarter wave or half wave retardation.

Holographic waveguides incorporating birefringence control and methods for their fabrication

Many embodiments in accordance with the invention are directed towards waveguides implementing birefringence control. In some embodiments, the waveguide includes a birefringent grating layer and a birefringence control layer. In further embodiments, the birefringence control layer is compact and efficient. Such structures can be utilized for various applications, including but not limited to: compensating for polarization related losses in holographic waveguides; providing three-dimensional LC director alignment in waveguides based on Bragg gratings; and spatially varying angular/spectral bandwidth for homogenizing the output from a waveguide. In some embodiments, a polarization-maintaining, wide-angle, and high-reflection waveguide cladding with polarization compensation is implemented for grating birefringence. In several embodiments, a thin polarization control layer is implemented for providing either quarter wave or half wave retardation.

Optical assemblies for free-space optical propagation between waveguide(s) and/or fiber(s)

An optical apparatus comprises a substrate, first and second transmission optical elements on the substrate, and an optical component (such as an isolator) and focusing optical element(s) on the substrate between the transmission elements. Transmission elements may include planar waveguide(s) formed on the substrate and/or optical fiber(s) mounted in groove(s) on the substrate. The focusing element(s) may include: gradient-index (GRIN) segment(s) mounted on the substrate or spliced onto a fiber, a focusing segment(s) of a planar waveguide, ball lens(es), aspheric lens(es), and/or Fresnel lens(es). A dual-lens optical assembly comprises a pair of GRIN segments secured to a substrate in one or more grooves, and may be formed from a common length of GRIN optical medium. An optical component (such as an isolator) is positioned between the paired GRIN segments, and optical power is transmitted by the dual-lens assembly between planar waveguide(s) and/or fiber(s) through the optical component.

Optical assemblies for free-space optical propagation between waveguide(s) and/or fiber(s)

An optical apparatus comprises segments of a GRIN optical medium mounted on a substrate in at least one groove thereon. The GRIN segments are longitudinally spaced apart from one another on the substrate, and are arranged so that a free-space optical beam received through the distal end face of the first GRIN segment is transmitted through the proximal end face of the first GRIN segment, propagates to the proximal end face of the second GRIN segment, is received through the proximal end face of the second GRIN segment, and is transmitted as a free-space optical beam through the distal end face of the second GRIN segment. The GRIN segments can be derived from a single GRIN optical medium mounted on the substrate.

Head-mounted light field display

A head-mounted light field display device, the device comprising at least one multiplexed light field display module adapted to face an eye of a viewer wearing the device, the multiplexed light field display module comprising a light field view image generator and a waveguide with a set of shutters, the light field view image generator operable to generate, over time, a set of beams of light from a different one of a set of light field view images, the shuttered waveguide operable to transmit the set of beams and to open, over time, a different subset of the set of shutters, the subset corresponding to a position associated with the view image, thereby to emit the set of beams via the subset, thereby to display to the viewer a time-varying optical light field representative of the set of view images.

Optical isolator

본 발명은 광 아이솔레이터에 관한 것으로서, 다수의 광을 전파시킬 수 있도록 복수개로 이루어진 광섬유; 상기 광섬유에서 출사 및 입사되는 광을 평행빔으로 만들 수 있는 한 쌍의 콜리메이팅 렌즈; 상기 콜리메이팅 렌즈로부터 입사된 여러개의 평행빔을 각 각 편광으로 출사시키는, 순방향으로 진행되는 광 들을 광섬유에 모두 집속시킬 수 있도록 적어도 하나 이상의 방향을 갖고 대칭된 한 쌍의 복굴절 소자; 및 상기 복굴절 소자 사이에 위치하여 입사되는 편광을 45°회전시키는 패러데이 회전자를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The present invention relates to an optical isolator, comprising: a plurality of optical fibers configured to propagate a plurality of lights; A pair of collimating lenses capable of making the light emitted and incident from the optical fiber into a parallel beam; A pair of birefringent elements symmetrical with at least one or more directions so as to focus all of the light propagating in the forward direction to the optical fiber, each of which emits multiple parallel beams incident from the collimating lens with respective polarizations; And a Faraday rotor positioned between the birefringent elements to rotate the incident polarization by 45 °. 따라서, 본 발명에 의하면, 복굴절 소자에 다수의 동일 경사각을 갖는 경사면을 형성시켜 하나의 어셈블리로써 다수의 광 신호 또는 파장 들을 동시에 한 방향으로 전송시킬 수 있으므로 지속적인 정보량의 증가에 충분히 대처할 수 있고, 광학 시스템의 제조 단가를 절감시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 소형, 경량화에 상당한 효과가 있다. Therefore, according to the present invention, by forming a plurality of inclined surfaces having the same inclination angle in the birefringent element can transmit a plurality of optical signals or wavelengths in one direction at the same time as one assembly, can sufficiently cope with the continuous increase in the amount of information, Not only can the manufacturing cost of the system be reduced, but it also has a significant effect on the size and weight.

光环形器以及单纤双向光模块

本发明提供了一种光环形器，该光环形器包括准直透镜、法拉第旋转片、第一端口、第二端口和第三端口，还包括第一偏振分束器、第二偏振分束器、第三偏振分束器、第一偏振旋转器和第二偏振旋转器。相应地，本发明还提供了一种单纤双向光模块。本发明提供的光环形器具有尺寸小、封装简单、成本低等优点，也易于与其他光子集成器件大规模集成。

光通信设备、光通信方法和计算机可读介质

本公开的实施例提供了光通信设备、光通信方法和计算机可读介质。在此描述的光通信设备包括激光器、光环行器、微波光子滤波器和光电转换器。激光器被配置为生成种子光信号。光环行器被配置为向无色光网络单元传输所述种子光信号以及从所述无色光网络单元接收在所述种子光信号上调制的上行光信号。微波光子滤波器被配置为对经调制的上行光信号进行滤波，以抑制所述经调制的上行光信号中的受激布里渊散射拍频噪声，从而生成经滤波的光信号。光电转换器被配置为将所述经滤波的光信号转换为电信号。

Optical isolator using a photonic crystal

광 결정을 이용한 광 아이솔레이터가 개시되어 있다. An optical isolator using a photonic crystal is disclosed. 이 개시된 광 아이솔레이터는, 광 결정으로 형성된 입력 도파관과, 상기 입력 도파관 내부에 형성된 테이퍼부를 가지는 입력 도파로를 구비한 입력부; 광 결정으로 형성된 출력 도파관을 구비하고, 상기 출력 도파관 내부에 상기 입력 도파로에 연속적으로 출력 도파로가 형성되며, 상기 출력 도파로는 광전송 방향 중심축에 대해 상기 테이퍼부의 기울기보다 큰 기울기를 가지는 역방향 광신호 차단면을 구비한 출력부;를 포함하여 광신호가 상기 입력부에서 출력부를 향하는 순방향으로 전송되고, 출력부에서 입력부로 향하는 역방향으로는 전송되지 않도록 된 것을 특징으로 한다. The disclosed optical isolator includes an input section having an input waveguide formed of a photonic crystal and an input waveguide having a taper portion formed in the input waveguide; And an output waveguide is formed continuously in the input waveguide inside the output waveguide. The output waveguide is connected to a backward optical signal blocking having a slope larger than a slope of the taper portion with respect to a central axis in the optical transmission direction, The optical signal is transmitted in the forward direction from the input unit to the output unit and is not transmitted in the reverse direction from the output unit to the input unit. 상기 구성에 의해 광 아이솔레이터는 광 결정을 이용한 것으로 일체형으로 형성함으로써 광학 정렬 및 조립 공정이 필요 없고, 제조 공정이 간단하여 제조 단가가 저감된다. According to the above-described configuration, the optical isolator is formed using a photonic crystal, and is integrally formed, thereby eliminating the need for an optical alignment and assembling step, and the manufacturing process is simple and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

一种偏振合束器

一种偏振合束器,是在双光纤准直器出光端固定有屋脊棱镜,并在棱镜与单光纤准直器中间固定有双折射晶体。采用此种结构制作的偏振合束器,具有体积小、结构简单的优点,与已有技术相比大大节省了占用空间,可满足日益发展的光纤通讯领域,对元器件的要求,体积小,性能好,可广泛应用于掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)上。本实用新型拓展了偏振合束器的应用领域。

광 간섭계의 구조와 이를 이용하는 다중모드 간섭 광도파로 소자 기반 광센서와 이를 위한 신호처리방법

본 발명은 SLED 광원으로부터 입사되는 빛을 출력하는 제1 Y-분기 광도파로 소자와, 상기 제1 Y-분기 광도파로 소자에서 출력되는 빛을 원거리에 위치한 센싱부에 전달하기 위한 편광유지 광섬유와, 상기 편광유지 광섬유를 통해 전달되는 빛을 두 개의 원편광 상태로 변환시키는 사분파장판(Quarter Wave Plate, QWP)과, 상기 사분파장판(QWP)을 통과한 빛을 반사시키는 미러와, 상기 사분파장판(QWP)과 미러 사이에 구비되는 전기광학 또는 자기광학 프로브와, 상기 제1 Y-분기 광도파로 소자의 일단과 연결되며, 상기 미러를 통해 반사된 빛이 유입되는 제2 Y-분기 광도파로 소자와, 상기 제2 Y-분기 광도파로 소자의 일측에 위치하여 분기 된 빛의 일부가 통과하는 편광 변환기와, 상기 제2 Y-분기 광도파로 소자의 다른 일측에 위치하여 분기 된 빛의 나머지가 통과하는 위상 변조기와, 상기 제2 Y-분기 광도파로 소자의 두 경로를 통과한 빛이 유입되는 2×4 MMI 커플러 및 상기 2×4 MMI 커플러 일측에 구비되는 편광필터를 포함하도록 구성되어, 상기 2×4 MMI 커플러로 유입되는 빛은 다중 모드 간섭현상과 함께 편광필터에 의해 TE 성분의 빛들만 4개의 광도파로를 거쳐 출력되어 광검출기를 통해 전류로 바뀌게 되는 것을 특징으로 한다. 이와 같은 본 발명에 의하면, 간섭계형 광센서에서 초기 위상을 제어하기 위한 피드백 제어 알고리즘과 회로를 제거할 수 있게 된다.

Optical component and manufacturing method thereof