Spezieller Polarisationsseparator

Method for producing a fibre-optic directional coupler

A method for producing a fibre-optic directional coupler is described, in which two fibres drawn from an oblate blank and thus flattened on one side are introduced next to one another into a capillary whose inside diameter is chosen such that the two fibres fit into the capillary next to one another only with flattened side faces turned towards one another, and in which method the fibre segments projecting from the capillary in pairs are joined over a specific length by polysiloxane.

OPTICAL FIBRE COUPLER & PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

OPTICAL FIBRE COUPLER COMPRISING GROOVED SUBSTRATES

Depolariser

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN OPTICAL FUSION COUPLER AND THEREAFTER MANUFACTURED COUPLER

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A LOW-LOSS OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER.

OPTICAL FIBRE COUPLER

Control of spectral shift errors

WAVELENGTH INSENSITIVE INTEGRATED OPTIC POLARIZATION SPLITTER

Method of manufacturing polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler

ALL-FIBER DEPOLARIZER

An all-fiber optical depolarizer is provided in which polarized light is controllably injected into a polarization beam sputter at a 45.degree. angle. The beam splitter is combined with a loop made of standard non-birefringent fiber through which one of the polarizations split by the beam splitter circulates. The loop has a length greater than the coherence length of the light source. The interaction of the beam splitter and the loop produces incoherent depolarized light at the output transmission port of the beam splitter.

WAVELENGTH INSENSITIVE INTEGRATED OPTIC POLARIZATION SPLITTER

An integrated optic polarization splitter (2), includes a pair of waveguide elements with a first waveguide element (10) having a horizontal orientation and a second waveguide element (12) having a vertical orientation formed from a plurality of waveguide core layers. The first and second waveguide elements are intersected or nearly intersected at one end of the structure and separated at the other end of the structure and the transition there between is made to be adiabatic. The waveguide elements receive an optical signal having both a TE component and a TM component. The TE component propagates along the horizontally oriented waveguide element (10) and the TM component propagates along the vertically oriented waveguide element (12). © KIPO & WIPO 2007 ...

Method of manufacturing polarization-preserved optical fiber coupler

In a method of manufacturing a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler by heating lengthwise portions of two polarization-maintaining optical fibers extending side by side, and elongating the heated portions to thereby form a fused-elongated section, elongation is terminated when the cyclic changes in a coupling ratio of two polarized waves according to an elongation length at a wavelength in use are both within first two cycles, so that the coupling ratio of one of the polarized waves is equal to or less than 10% and the coupling ratio of the other one of the polarized waves is equal to or greater than 90%. This method can provide a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler whose coupling ratio has a large dependency on polarization with a short elongation length.

OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER WITH LOW LOSS AND HIGH COUPLING COEFFICIENT AND METHOD OF FABRICATION THEREOF

An optical fiber coupler capable of providing a low loss, high coupling coefficient interface between conventional optical fibers and optical waveguide devices is provided. The novel coupler, which may be polarization maintaining, if a polarization maintaining preform is used in its fabrication. includes a core, a cladding, a first end for interfacing with an optical fiber and a second end for interfacing with an optical waveguide device. The sizes of the core and cladding are gradually reduced from the first end to the second end in accordance with a predetermined reduction profile. Various parameters, such as refractive indices and sizes of the core and cladding and the reduction profile are selected to produce a low numerical aperture at the first end and a high numerical aperture at the second end, while advantageously minimizing insertion loss and maximizing the coupling coefficient at each end. In another embodiment, the novel coupler includes a secondary cladding which is also reduced between the first and second ends to improve the strength of the coupler structure at the second end. In yet another embodiment, one or two novel couplers are formed along with a chiral fiber based optical waveguide device as a single continuous element. The optical fiber preform used to fabricate the novel optical fiber coupler can be etched prior to fabrication to facilitate application of the reduction profile.

FIBRE-OPTIC LIGHT GUIDE COUPLER

In a fibre-optic light guide coupler which distributes or bundles the light from one or more fibre-optic light guides (input fibre-optic light guides) in one or more fibre-optic light guides (output fibre-optic light guides), the contacting surfaces of the optical fibres are mated and joined together. The contacting surfaces (11c, 12c) adhere to each other by molecular force.

Method of and apparatus for aligning the stress-applying parts of polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and method of and apparatus for manufacturing a polarization-maintaining coupler

While a pair of left/right observation points of a cladding removed portion of a polarization-maintaining optical fiber are being simultaneously observed, the polarization-maintaining optical fiber is rotated about the axis of the fiber. By doing so, aligning stress applying parts in regard to the polarization-maintaining optical fiber is performed so that the polarization directions may be oriented in the same direction along and with respect to the axis of the fiber.

POLARISATIONSUNEMPFINDLICHER SCHMELZKOPPLER MIT EVANESCIERENDER WELLE UND MINIMALER UMWELTEMPFINDLICHKEIT.

GEHÄUSE FÜR EINEN OPTISCHEN KOPPLER

VORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON POLARISATIONSERHALTENDEN SCHMELZKOPPLERN

POLARISATION INSENSITIVE WAVELENGTH MULTIPLEXING 2 2 FIBRE COUPLERS

Method for producing an optical coupler for extracting a signal from a polarization maintaining optical fibre, and corresponding coupler

METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN OPTICAL COUPLER FOR EXTRACTING A SIGNAL FROM A POLARIZATION MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBRE, AND CORRESPONDING COUPLER

Fused optical coupler comprising a polarization maintaining fibre and a standard fibre. The cross section of the said standard fibre is smaller than the cross section of the polarization maintaining fibre in the area of fusion of the coupler. The internal forces in the coupling area are sufficiently low to provide an extinction ratio of more than 20 dB at the output of the polarization maintaining fibre.

COUPLED COMMUNICATIONS FIBERS

Fiber optics coupling elements wherein single mode transmissions are coupled from one core to another in order to provide enhanced evanescent wave coupling in only a selected portion of the periphery of the element, which is structurally non-symmetrical.

DISTRIBUTED SENSOR AND METHOD USING COHERENCE MULTIPLEXING OF FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC SENSORS

DISTRIBUTED SENSOR AND METHOD USING COHERENCE MULTIPLEXING OF FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC SENSORS A distributed sensor system including an optical source having a short coherence length for optionally continuously monitoring each sensor in the system. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light transmitted through the sensors is multiplexed onto a return arm of the ladder, with sensor spacing being such that interference between light from different sensors is prevented. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber receiver which couples the multiplexed light with an interfering optical reference signal to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. Embodiments are disclosed for use of either pulsed or continuous wave light sources. In another preferred embodiment, the sensors comprise ...

OPTICAL COUPLER HOUSING

The present invention relates to a housing (10) for an optical coupler (12). The housing includes a primary protective body (14) having a receiving space therein wherein the coupled portion of the coupler is positioned. A support material (30) at least partially about the coupled portion (26) of the coupler (12) extends in the receiving space to the primary protective body. The sup-port material is resilient and has an index of refraction less than that of the coupled portion of the coupler.

Dispositif d'alignement d'elements optiques, procede de fabrication de ce dispositif et procedes de raccordement de deux fibres optiques et d'une diode photoemettrice a une fibre optique, utilisant le dispositif

Ce dispositif comprend deux ensembles identiques 6a, 6b places en regard l'un de l'autre et comportant chacun deux blocs piezoelectriques 8a, 8b; 12a, 12b rigidement solidaires l'un de l'autre et capables de se deformer respectivement suivant deux directions perpendiculaires. Selon le procede de fabrication, chaque bloc est obtenu par empilement de plaques piezoelectriques agencees de facon a permettre une deformation globale du bloc. Chaque ensemble peut etre muni de ves identiques 18a, 18b permettant ledit raccordement lorsque les fibres ou la fibre et la diode y sont placees, par optimisation de couplage optique. Le dispositif permet aussi le raccordement par une telle optimisation, de deux fibres a coeur apparent, fixees a des plaquettes appropriees, elles-memes montees sur les elements, en vue d'obtenir un coupleur en X.

MULTIPLE POLARIZATION COMBINER-SPLITTER-ISOLATOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A multiple-port optical device combines two polarization combiner-splitters into one package. Two single mode optical fibers are enclosed in a first ferrule of the package and are optically coupled to four polarization maintaining fibers enclosed in a second ferrule of the package. The optical fibers are precisely positioned using improved fiber ferrules comprising various capillary designs. A prism is mounted between the single mode fibers and the polarization maintaining fibers. The fibers are screened for geometric characteristics which aide in precisely positioning the fiber cores. The ferrules, capillaries, fibers, and adhesives are combined to reduce adverse thermal effects over a broad range of environmental conditions. The precise positioning and geometry of the optical fibers aids in optically aligning the elements of both polarization combiner-splitters in the one package. The invention is applicable to related devices such as multiple isolators, combiner-isolators, splitter-isolators ...

FIBER OPTIC POLARIZATION MAINTAINING FUSED COUPLER FABRICATING APPARATUS

A fiber optic polarization maintaining apparatus for use in fabrication of fused optical couplers, where the fused optical couplers include first and second optical fibers which each have a principle axis. A light launching source is coupled through a lens into a first end of a selected one of the first and second optical fibers. A piezoelectric element in combination with a solenoid applies external stress in the form of an AC modulation signal to the selected one of the first and second optical fibers. A rotating apparatus rotates the selected one of the first and second optical fibers during modulation. Apparatus for collimating light (26) is coupled to a second end of the selected fiber. Apparatus for analyzing the collimated light is coupled to the collimating apparatus, apparatus for detecting power (30) is coupled to the analyzing means, and an output of the power detecting apparatus is coupled to an apparatus for determining when the principle axis of the selected fiber is aligned in the direction of the externally applied stress by detecting a null output from the power detecting apparatus.

APPARATUS FOR FABRICATION OF POLARIZATION MAINTAINING FUSED COUPLERS

A fiber optic polarization maintaining apparatus for use in fabrication of fused optical couplers, where the fused optical couplers include first and second optical fibers. The apparatus includes apparatus for holding the first and second optical fibers in a first predetermined alignment where the first and second fibers each include a stripped portion and where the stripped portions are held in contact along their length. Apparatus for heating the first and second optical fibers are located adjacent the holding apparatus wherein the heating apparatus is brushed across the length of the first and second fibers so as to oscillate across the fibers in an amplitude varied in an ever decreasing stepped manner until fusion of the fibers is complete.

Process for the manufacture of objects with small complex cross-sections

A need often arises for micro-optical components, such as optical fibres and couplers, and micromechanical components with complex cross-sections which are different at opposite ends or, for directional couplers, at points along the length of the couplers. In the present invention, a soluble material 38 is added to at least one primary preform 35 to make a secondary preform 37 of circular cross-section. The secondary preform is then drawn to reduce the cross-section of the primary preform as required but the cross-sectional shape of the secondary preform is preserved. The soluble material is then removed and then part of the resulting product is heated and plastically deformed to give the required different ends 39 and 40 or other different cross-sections. In another aspect of the invention two soluble materials are used with different solubilities. After the most soluble material has been removed, an operation involving the less soluble material can be carried out, and then the less soluble ...

Optical-fiber array method and apparatus

Method and apparatus for forming an optical-fiber-array assembly, which include providing a plurality of optical fibers including a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, providing a fiber-array plate that includes a first surface and a second surface, connecting the plurality of optical fibers to the first surface of the fiber-array plate, transmitting a plurality of optical signals through the optical fibers into the fiber-array plate at the first surface of the fiber-array plate, and emitting from the second surface of the fiber-array plate a composite output beam having light from the plurality of optical signals. Optionally, the first surface of the fiber-array plate includes indicia configured to assist in the alignment of the plurality of optical fibers on the first surface of the fiber-array plate. In some embodiments, the second surface of the fiber-array plate includes a plurality of beam-shaping optics configured to shape the composite output beam.

All-fiber broadband polarization combiner

An all-fiber broadband polarization combiner is disclosed based on a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) structure. The entry coupler to the MZ is a polarization pump combiner (PPC) and the exit coupler is a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The two couplers are interconnected with two standard SM fibers which form the arms of the central zone of the MZ. Two polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are spliced to the two input arms of the PPC and are oriented so that polarization X in one PM fiber is orthogonal to polarization Y in the other PM fiber. And the MZ is induced with a phase shift Deltaphi of pi between the two arms of the central zone.

VORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG EINES FASEROPTISCHEN SCHMELZKOPPLERS

DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

"OPTICAL FIBRE COUPLERS".

A fiber is mounted with an unclad portion extending between two blocks. Four blocks securing a pair of fibers in this manner are mutually aligned by one or more external sleeves, and the fibers are fused and drawn to form a coupler of defined coupling ratio. One sleeve (20) then slides over all four blocks and is bonded to constitute a rigid housing surrounding the fusion region (see Figures 5a - 5g, not shown). A preferred coupling block is a grooved D-rod, (as shown), and different geometries are shown to provide effective PZ and PM fusion couplings, with fiber stress axes aligned with respect to a flat surface of the rod. Portions of the red provide fiber support and alignment during fusion, and break away from the assembled coupler when complete. ...

Spectral polarisation seperator

A spectral polarization separator (SPS) designed to separate two wavelength-separated signals applied to the SPS with the same state of polarisation (SOP) into signals with orthogonal SOP's comprises two or more birefringent fibre elements optically in series. The differential delays and relative orientations of these elements are chosen so that polarisation separation is effected without introducing any polarisation mode dispersion (PMD). This contrasts with a prior art single birefringent element SPS whose operation necessarily does introduce PMD. A particular application for the SPS is in a dual wavelength transmitter designed for overcoming polarization hole-burning effects in a long-haul optically amplified transmission system.

Depolariser

A depolarizer 200 receives an optical signal at an input splitting it 210 into at least a first and second signal portion with the same polarization state along first 214 and second 212 arms respectively, the polarization of the first signal portion in the first arm being rotated 218 to be orthogonal to that of the second signal portion in the second arm, a beam combiner 220 receiving and recombining the signal portions to form an output signal 250 and an output to output the output signal. A superluminescent diode (SLED) may provide a broadband light source for the input signal. A polarization filter may filter the optical signal into a linear polarization state. The arms may have approximately equal attenuation or be transparent across a wavelength range, be spatially separated, planar waveguide sections or optical fibres. An optical attenuator may be located in the first or second arm. Sensors may measure the first, second and recombined signal portions and a controller may equalize ...

DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

Optical wiring component

An optical wiring component (1) comprising: an optical waveguide component (40) that has a first end surface (40A) and a second end surface (40B), that includes a plurality of optical waveguides (41, 42) that extend from the first end surface (40A) to the second end surface (40B), and that is such that the angle formed by a plane including the first end surface (40A) and a plane including the second end surface (40B) is 70° or greater; a plurality of optical fibers (21, 22) that have a first end and a second end; one or more first optical connectors (30) that are mounted to the first end and that are affixed to the optical waveguide component (40) at the first end surface (40A) via an adhesive agent; and one or more second optical connectors (11, 12) that are mounted to the second end.

DISTRIBUTED SENSOR AND THE COHERENT MULTIPLEXING OF INTERFEROMETRIC FIBER OPTICS SENSORS UTILIZATION PROCEDURE.

INTEGRATED OPTICAL POLARIZATION ON DIVISOR OF THE WAVELENGTH INSENSITIVE IS

FIBRE-OPTICAL LASER SENSOR.

SELF ALIGNING OPTICAL FIBER AND FIBER RING OPTICAL RESONATOR

Technique for fabrication of a poled electro-optic fiber segment

Method of manufacturing and evaluating an optical fiber coupler and apparatus therefor

Method of manufacturing polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler

ALL-FIBER BROADBAND POLARIZATION COMBINER

An all-fiber broadband polarization combiner is disclosed based on a Mach- Zehnder (MZ) structure. The entry coupler to the MZ is a polarization pump combiner (PPC) and the exit coupler is a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The two couplers are interconnected with two standard SM fibers which form the arms of the central zone of the MZ. Two polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are spliced to the two input arms of the PPC and are oriented so that polarization X in one PM fiber is orthogonal to polarization Y in the other PM fiber. And the MZ is induced with a phase shift .DELTA..psi. of .pi. between the two arms of the central zone.

METHOD OF MAKING LOW LOSS FIBER OPTIC COUPLER

A low loss fiber optic coupler is fabricated by forming a coupler preform having a plurality of spaced glass cores extending longitudinally through a matrix of glass having a refractive index lower than that of the cores. The preform is heated and stretched to form a glass rod which is then severed into a plurality of units. Heat is applied to the central region of each unit while the ends of the unit are pulled apart to elongate and taper inwardly the heated central region, whereby the cores of the unit are more closely spaced and are of smaller diameter at the central region than they are at the ends of the unit. The unit is then provided with a plurality of optical fibers, one of which extends from each of the cores at the endfaces of the unit. A preferred method of providing the optical fibers involves forming the coupler preform of a matrix glass that is easily dissolved in a solvent. Each of the fiber cores within the matrix is surrounded by a layer of cladding glass that is relatively ...

POLARIZATION-MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER FOR COUPLER FABRICATION

FN 43439 CAN 5A Polarization-maintaining coupler is made by a biconically-tapered-fused process from two short lengths of an optical fiber, each having a small, oval stress-applying region that substantially contacts the core. The area of the stress-applying region of the optical fiber is less than 10 percent, preferably less than 2 percent, that of the optical fiber and preferably is contiguous with the core. Couplers of highest quality are made from quartz glass fibers having a birefringence between 1 and 3 x 10-4. It is believed that the principal axes of the oval stress-applying regions of those couplers of highest quality have been collinear or parallel. To permit a coupler to be handled, it can be mounted on a quartz glass substrate with the coupler suspended in air and then potted in a cured elastomer.

DEVICE Of COUPLING TO TRANSMIT LUMINOUS INFORMATION BETWEEN OPTICAL FIBRE ELEMENTS

RESIN IMMOBILIZED BIOCIDE

PURPOSE: A composition having a new resin/biocide composition that is compatible with resins previously considered hard to compatibilize with biocides is provided. The composition is useful in preparing plastic articles. The presence of the composition in the plastic article serves to inhibit the growth of bacteria, mold, and fungi. CONSTITUTION: The composition includes 85% to 99% by weight of a resin selected from the group consisting of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate-Carbon Monoxide; Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene; Styrene-Maleic Anhydride; Styrene-Methyl Methacrylate; Thermoplastic polyurethane; Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate; and Acrylic Rubber; and mixtures thereof; 1% to 15% by weight of a biocide selected from the group consisting of 4,5,-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one biocide(DCOIT) and 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one(OIT). © KIPO 2003 ...

LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPE AND BEAM-UNITING OPTICAL ASSEMBLY

The object of the invention is to configure the uniting of the laser beams of a laser scanning microscope into a single beam path such that the performance and polarization parameters of the received beam remain substantially unaffected by the influence of environmental factors. The laser scanning microscope comprises an illumination device (20) with a plurality of lasers (15, 16, 17) emitting at different wavelengths. Optical fibers (9) are provided on the lasers on the side of the beam exit. Said fibers are coupled via a polarization-maintaining fiber optic coupling device (18) designed for the visible spectral region to a further optical fiber (11), which is coupled to the illumination beam path of the laser scanning microscope (19).

Method for the fabrication of a fused optical coupler

The method consists in that firstly a short piece of a monomode fibre (3, 4) is spliced in respectively (Fig. 2) between the pigtails (1, 2) of fibres (Fig. 1) situated in parallel, in that thereafter the two spliced-in monomode fibres (3, 4) are fused together (Fig. 3) and drawn out into a coupler (6) (Fig. 4), and in that the coupler (6) is embedded in a protective housing (7) up to beyond the spliced joints (5). ...

PRODUCTION OF POLARIZATION MAINTAINING COUPLER

PURPOSE: To obtain the polarization maintaining coupler which maintains the low deterioration of an extinction ratio, decreases a light loss and has excellent environmental characteristics by partly removing clads and stress imparting parts from the section of respective optical fibers to a half moon shape and adhering the fibers by heating and melting. CONSTITUTION: Two pieces of the polarization maintaining fibers F, F' which are subjected to an etching treatment and are individually produced are so fixed to a fiber holder that the etching surfaces E come into contact with each other and the fibers are paralleled. The etching surfaces E are fully or partly heated and melted by an oxyhydrogen burner, etc., and are adhered to each other to form a coupling part B. The stress imparting parts 4, 4' joined to the two cores exist in the integrated clad. Since the respective fibers are horizontally chipped, the fibers cannot rotate freely with each other at the time of heating and melting and ...

Spezieller Polarisationsseparator

Spectral polarisation separator

SELF-ALIGNING OPTICAL FIBRE WITH ACCESSIBLE GUIDING REGION

SELF-ALIGNING OPTICAL FIBER AND FIBER-RING OPTICAL RESONATOR USING SAME

OPTICAL PHASE SHIFTING, SPLITTING AND COMBINING DEVICE

A Mach-Zehnder device including an input port, an output port, a substantially achromatic first coupling region optically connected to the input port and a substantially achromatic second coupling region optically connected to the output port. An intermediate region is optically connected to the first and second coupling regions. The intermediate region includes a first intermediate branch and a second intermediate branch. The first intermediate branch defines a phase shifting portion. The phase shifting portion, in turn, defines a phase shifting portion level of birefringence over the length of the phase shifting portion. The phase shifting portion level of birefringence is different that the level of birefringence prevailing over the remainder of the first intermediate branch. The birefringence differential between the phase shifting portion level of birefringence and the level of birefringence prevailing over the remainder of the first intermediate branch creates a polarization selective phase shift enabling the generally wavelength insensitive device to be used either as a coupler or splitter.

ALL-FIBER BROADBAND POLARIZATION COMBINER

An all-fiber broadband polarization combiner is disclosed based on a Mach- Zehnder (MZ) structure. The entry coupler to the MZ is a polarization pump combiner (PPC) and the exit coupler is a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) coupler. The two couplers are interconnected with two standard SM fibers which form the arms of the central zone of the MZ. Two polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are spliced to the two input arms of the PPC and are oriented so that polarization X in one PM fiber is orthogonal to polarization Y in the other PM fiber. And the MZ is induced with a phase shift .DELTA..psi. of .pi. between the two arms of the central zone.

COUPLER EXHIBITING REDUCED POLARIZATION SENSITIVITY

Abstract of the Disclosure An overclad fiber optic coupler of the type wherein a plurality of optical optical fibers, each having a core and a cladding, are fused together along a portion of the lengths thereof to form a coupling region. Surrounding the coupling region is a matrix glass body of refractive index n3 which is lower than the fiber cladding refractive index n2. The body has an inner region adjacent the optical fibers, an outer region having a radius greater than that of the inner region, and a transition region between the inner and outer regions. The softening point temperature of the inner region is greater than that of the outer region. The coupler exhibits both low polarization dependent loss and low excess loss.

POLARIZATION-MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER AND POLARIZATION-MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER COMPONENT

A polarization-maintaining optical fiber component which suppresses coupling of propagating light to a high-order mode at the optical coupling section of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber component, caused by different refractive indexes between the stress applying sections and the cladding, thus reducing excess loss, is constructed by using a polarization-maintaining optical fiber having stress applying sections arranged symmetrically to each other with respect to a core in a cladding surrounding the core, wherein the largest one of those concentric circles of the core or the said cladding which do not reach the stress applying sections and do not include the stress applying sections within has a diameter of 20 µm or greater.

OPTICAL DEVICES USING SHAPED OPTICAL FIBERS AND METHODS FOR MAKING OPTICAL DEVICES WITH SHAPED OPTICAL FIBERS

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for using shaped optical fibers.

OPTICAL COUPLER HOUSING

The present invention relates to a housing (10) for an optical coupler (12). The housing includes a primary protective body (14) having a receiving space therein, wherein the coupled portion of the coupler is positioned. A support material (30) at least partially about the coupled portion (26) of the coupler (12) extends in the receiving space to the primary protective body. The support material is resilient and has an index of refraction less than that of the coupled portion of the coupler.

Optical fiber coupler and process for manufacturing same

An optical fiber coupler is disclosed, which comprises two polished substrates each of which comprises a grooved substrate having a polished surface on the open side end thereof and adapted to hold therein an optical fiber and an optical fiber comprising a core, a cladding and two stress-applying parts arranged in the cladding so as to sandwich the core, a part of the optical fiber being polished off such that the polished surface of the fiber is close to the core so as to allow leakage of light power propagating in the core to the outside, the polished optical fiber being embedded in the grooved substrate and fixed thereto in such a manner that the polished surface of the grooved substrate is in flush with the polished surface of the polished optical fiber, with the two polished substrates being in close contact with each other at the polished surfaces thereof to allow coupling of light power, wherein said polished optical fiber is of a construction such that the polished surface thereof ...

Resin immobilized biocide

The present invention relates to a composition comprising:(a) 85% to 99% by weight of a resin selected from the group consisting of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate-Carbon Monoxide; Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene; Styrene-Maleic Anhydride; Styrene-Methyl Methacrylate; Thermoplastic polyurethane; Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate and Acrylic Rubber; and mixtures thereof;(b) 1% to 15% by weight of a biocide selected from the group consisting of 4,5,-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolone-3-one biocide (DCIOT) and 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (OIT).

Polarization-sensitive coupled fiber-optic biosensor

Coupled fiber-optic, evanescent-wave biosensors are improved through the use of configurations which detect changes in polarization for enhanced sensitivity. In contrast to existing techniques, wherein the fibers are twisted while pulled to disrupt polarization orientation, the inventive approach forms the necked-down region by heating and pulling the fibers without twisting them. As such, when polarized light is introduced, including randomly polarized light, the outputs will exhibit a split based upon polarization orientation as well. One or more bindings partners are then attached to the necked-down region and within the evanescent field for very specific and direct detection of minute concentrations of an analyte of interest. The invention is applicable to any type of organic/inorganic material, so long as the interaction of one component causes a change in any optical property detectable by the apparatus. Interactions to which the invention is applicable include, but are not limited ...

Polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler and method of manufacturing same

There is provided a polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler and a method of manufacturing this polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler in which manufacturing is simplified and excess loss is reduced. A polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler is provided in which, in at least one of the polarization maintaining optical fibers forming the fused and extended portion, the ratio of the [diameter of the core/the diameter of the cladding] or [the distance between the two stress applying portions/the diameter of the cladding] is greater than the ration of the [diameter of the core/the diameter of the cladding] or [the distance between the two stress applying portions/the diameter of the cladding in the portions of the polarization maintaining optical fibers that do not form the fused and extended portion]. In addition, in this polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler, in the fused and extended portion, the stress applying portions are enveloped by the cladding. Moreover ...

Polarization-sensitive coupled fiber-optic biosensor

Coupled fiber-optic, evanescent-wave biosensors are improved through the use of configurations which detect changes in polarization for enhanced sensitivity. The inventive approach forms the necked-down region by heating and pulling the fibers without twisting them. As such, when polarized light is introduced, including randomly polarized light, the outputs will exhibit a split based upon polarization orientation as well. One or more bindings partners are then attached to the necked-down region and within the evanescent field for very specific and direct detection of minute concentrations of an analyte of interest. The invention is applicable to any type of organic/inorganic material, so long as the interaction of one component causes a change in any optical property detectable by the apparatus. The biomolecule may be linked to the surface of the fusion joint by means of a spacer molecule. Polarizing beam splitters are employed to detect the based upon polarization orientation.

Narrow-band laser transmitter

A narrow band laser transmitter comprising a semiconductor laser and an external optical resonator coupled by a coupling arrangement to the semiconductor laser characterized by the external optical resonator being a wavelength-selective fiber directional coupler in the form of a double core fiber whose cores have different refractive index discontinuities to the respective environments and different cross-sections. The laser transmitter is suitable for practical use, has a space-saving structure and is stable in operation.

Improved optical coupler

Herstellungsverfahren von Kopplern aus polarisationserhaltender Faser

Fusing polarisation maintaining (PM) and non PM optic fibres

A fused optical coupler has a polarisation maintaining (PM) 10 and a non-PM fiber 12 with equal clad diameters. The fibers are plaited together without applying torsional force on either fiber, fused and stretched to a degree resulting in a tap ratio not more than 10% and polarisation extinction ratio (PER) higher than about 20 dB. Optic fibre 12 may be a single mode fibre and the clad diameter of both fibres may be 125žm. The coupler may have 4 twists (cross overs) produced by plaiting both fibres around each other.

PRODUCTION METHOD FOR POLARIZATION-PRESERVING OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER AND PRODUCTION DEVICE THEREFOR

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for making optical devices with shaped optical fibers

FIBER OPTIC DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

ABSTRACT A fiber optic directional coupler comprising a pair of strands of single mode optical fiber having biconical tapers whereby the electromagnetic field within the fibers extend virtually to the cladding outside surface, the strands in the region of the tapers being bent in opposite directions and positioned with their cladding in contact over a length of the waist of the tapers, the cladding in contact being narrowed on one side, flat, and polished, whereby the field is coupled from one strand to the other.

OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

An optical fiber coupler is disclosed, which comprises two polished substrates each of which comprises a grooved substrate having a polished surface on the open side end thereof and adapted to hold therein an optical fiber and an optical fiber comprising a core, a cladding and two stressapplying parts arranged in the cladding so as to sandwich the core, a part of the optical fiber being polished off such that the polished surface of the fiber is close to the core so as to allow leakage of light power propagating in the core to the outside, the polished optical fiber being embedded in the grooved substrate and fixed thereto in such a manner that the polished surface of the grooved substrate is in flush with the polished surface of the polished optical fiber, with the two polished substrates being in close contact with each other at the polished surfaces thereof to allow coupling of light power, wherein said polished optical fiber is of a construction such that the polished surface thereof ...

FIBER-OPTIC ROTATION SENSOR

ALL-FIBER DEPOLARIZER

An all-fiber optical depolarizer is provided in which polarized light is controllably injected into a polarization beam splitter at a 45.degree. angle. The beam splitter is combined with a loop made of standard non-birefringent fiber through which one of the polarizations split by the beam splitter circulates. The loop has a length greater than the coherence length of the light source. The interaction of the beam splitter and the loop produces incoherent depolarized light at the output transmission port of the beam splitter.

POLARIZATION-COMBINING FUSED-FIBER OPTICAL COUPLER AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

A polarization-combining fused-fiber optical coupler is made of polarization maintaining (PM) fibers spliced to non-birefringent single mode (SM) fibers which are fused and drawn near the splicing to form a coupler with an adiabatic tapered profile. The linearly polarized light injected into PM fibers travels through the coupler where the power of the two polarizations is combined and transmitted to one output fiber. The method for producing such coupler involves splicing a pair of PM fibers to a pair of SM fibers, then injecting linearly polarized light into each PM fiber and fusing and drawing SM fibers to form an adiabatic coupler with maximum power transmission at a desired wavelength going to only one output fiber.

SELF-ALIGNING OPTICAL FIBER AND FIBER-RING OPTICAL RESONATORUSING SAME

CONTROL OF SPECTRAL SHIFT ERRORS

A spectrum stabilizer for stabilizing with respect to wavelength an emission spectrum of electromagnetic waves emitted by a source for insertion into a selected optical system where the source can have that emission spectrum shifted over wavelength by varying one or more source parameters, and electromagnetic waves from a selected point in the optical system are coupled to a double mode waveguide means for wavelength sensing.

CONTROL OF SPECTRAL SHIFT ERRORS

A spectrum stabilizer for stabilizing with respect to wavelength an emission spectrum of electromagnetic waves emitted by a source for insertion into a selected optical system where the source can have that emission spectrum shifted over wavelength by varying one or more source parameters, and electromagnetic waves from a selected point in the optical system are coupled to a double mode waveguide means for wavelength sensing.

POLARIZED WAVE MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER AND POLARIZED WAVE MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER PART

PURPOSE: To obtain a polarized wave maintaining optical fiber part wherein the connection of propagating light to a higher order mode in an optical connecting part 15 is prevented, an excessive loss is lessened and moreover a polarized wave axis is easily adjusted. CONSTITUTION: This part is manufactured by using the polarized wave maintaining optical fibers 14 which are composed of the concentric circle of cores 11 or clads 12 and moreover the diameter of the largest one of the fiber in the inner part of which a stress imparting part 13 is not included is 20 μm or more regardless of the stress imparting parts 13. © KIPO & JPO 2002 ...

OPTICAL COUPLERS AND METHODS FOR MAKING SAME

The present invention relates generally to optical waveguides for the transmission of electromagnetic energy. The present invention relates more particularly to optical couplers for coupling optical fibers, and methods for making them. One aspect of the present invention is an optical coupler for use with a polarization-maintaining input optical fiber and a polarization-maintaining output optical fiber. The coupler includes: a tube having a wide end, a narrow end having an end face, and a taper therebetween; a polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber having a first end having an end face and a second end, the polarization- maintaining feed-through optical fiber being disposed within the tube from the wide end to the narrow end, at least the narrow end of the tube being fused around a first length of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber including the first end of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber to form a coupler end face comprising the ...

OPTICAL FIBER APPARATUS INCLUDING SUBSTRATE RUGGEDIZED OPTICAL FIBERS

Optical devices having one or more rigidly supported optical fibers and a method of making thereof are provided in which one or more optical fibers (20, 26, 68, 78) are interfaced with a rigid support material (24, 30, 72, 74) by molecular restructuring of interfacing surface areas of the fibers and the support material. The rigidly supported optical fiber may be fabricated by assembling a longitudinal outer surface portion of the fiber (20, 26, 68, 78) in juxtaposition with a rigid support material (24, 30, 72, 74) having a lower melting point than the fiber. This assembly may be heated to allow partial softening of the support material (24, 30, 72, 74) along the outer surface of the fiber (20, 26, 68, 78) to allow fusing therebetween. The assembly may then be cooled below the melting point of the support material (24, 30, 72, 74) to provide a ruggedized fiber-optic assembly comprising an optical fiber fused to a rigid support material. Various optical devices may be formed from combinations of such rigidly supported optical fibers.

POLARIZATION-INSENSITIVE, EVANESCENT-WAVE, FUSED COUPLER WITH MINIMAL ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY

An optical coupler and method of making thereof. The coupling ratio of the coupler is polarization-insensitive. The optical coupled described herein is made from single-mode optical fibers (12, 14). Each optical fiber has a length of nearly exposed core (20, 22) which is fused to the exposed core of the other optical fiber while the fibers are maintained in parallel juxtaposition with one another without twisting (24). By creating a fused core coupler from single-mode optical fibers in which the cores are in parallel juxtaposition with one another, the coupling ratio of the subject invention does not change with changes in polarization of light passing through each single-mode fiber and, thus, is polarization insensitive.

SUBSTRATE RUGGEDIZED OPTICAL FIBER APPARATUS

Optical devices having one or more rigidly supported optical fibers and a method of making thereof in which one or more optical fibers (20, 26, 68, 78) are interfaced with a rigid support material (24, 30, 72, 74) by molecular restructuring of interfacing surface areas of the fibers and the support material. The rigidly supported optical fiber may be fabricated by assembling a longitudinal outer surface portion of the fiber (20, 26, 68, 78) in juxtaposition with a rigid support material (24, 30, 72, 74) having a lower melting point than the fiber. This assembly may be heated to allow partial softening of the support material (24, 30, 72, 74) along the outer surface of the fiber (20, 26, 68, 78) to allow fusing therebetween. The assembly may then be cooled below the melting point of the support material (24, 30, 72, 74) to provide a ruggedized fiber-optic assembly comprising an optical fiber fused to a rigid support material. Various optical devices may be formed from combinations of such ...

Distributed sensor and method using coherence multiplexing of fiber-optic interferometric sensors

A distributed sensor system including an optical source (100) having a short coherence length for optionally continuously monitoring each sensor in the system. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors (110) are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light transmitted through the sensors is multiplexed onto a return arm (114) of the ladder, with sensor spacing being such that interference between light from different sensors is prevented. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber receiver (118, 120) which couples the multiplexed light with an interfering optical reference signal to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. Embodiments are disclosed for use of either pulsed or continuous wave light sources. In another preferred embodiment, the sensors comprise a plurality of interferometers (404, 406) connected in series configuration ...

BIOCIDAL AGENT COMPOSITION

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new resin and a biocidal agent composition compatible with a conventional resin considered to be difficult to compatible with a biocidal agent/a biocidal agent composition. SOLUTION: The composition contains (a) 85-99 wt.% of the resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide, styrene- butadiene-styrene, styrene-maleic anhydride, styrene-methyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate, acrylic rubber, and mixture of them, (b) 1-15 wt.% of the biocidal agent selected from the group consisting of 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one(DCOIT) biocidal agent and 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one(OIT). COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO ...

POLARISATIONSERHALTENDE OPTISCHE FASER, HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN DAFÜR, VERBINDUNGSVERFAHREN DAFÜR, OPTISCHER VERSTÄRKER, LASEROSZILLATOR UND POLARISATIONSERHALTER OPTISCHER FASERKOPPLER

Herstellungsverfahren für Koppler aus Polarisation erhaltenden optischen Fasern.

OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER HAVING POLISHED GROOVED SUBSTRATES AND SLIDING DEVICE

Coupled communications fibers

A coupling structure for coupling light intelligence between fiber optic elements. Both abuttment and lateral coupling structures are presented.

POLARIZATION RETAINING FIBER OPTIC COUPLER AND METHOD

FIBER-OPTIC ROTATION SENSOR

The present invention provides a fiber-optic rotation sensor comprising a coil of polarization-holding, single-mode optical fiber having a core with a non-circular cross-section defining two transverse orthogonal axes, the outer surface of said fiber having a non-circular cross-section with a predetermined geometric relationship to said orthogonal transverse axes, a laser source coupled to one end of said fiber for supplying said fiber with an optical signal having a fixed polarization plane, said non-circular outer surface of said fiber forming a reference surface for precisely aligning one of said transverse orthogonal axes of said-fiber core with said fixed polarization plane of the optical signal from said laser source.

FIBER OPTIC DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

DEVICE FOR ALIGNING OPTICAL ELEMENTS, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE DEVICE AND METHODS FOR CONNECTING TWO OPTICAL FIBERS AND A LIGHT EMITTING DIODE WITH AN OPTICAL FIBER, USING THE DEVICE

RESONANT FIBER OPTIC GYROSCOPE WITH POLARIZING CRYSTAL WAVEGUIDE COUPLER

Systems and methods for a resonant fiber optic gyroscope with a polarizing crystal waveguide coupler are provided. In one embodiment, an optical fiber resonator comprises: a polarizing single crystal material having a first crystal lattice axis; a first waveguide formed in the crystal material; a second waveguide formed in the crystal material running parallel to the first waveguide; and an optical fiber sensing coil. The first waveguide comprises a bend that approaches the second waveguide defining a coupling region between the first and second waveguides. The first and second waveguides are polarized to guide light having a polarization state aligned to the first crystal lattice axis. The second waveguide and the sensing coil are coupled into a resonator configuration forming a ring resonator, the second waveguide comprising a first port coupled to a first end of the coil, and a second port coupled to a second end of the coil. 1. An optical fiber resonator , the resonator comprising:a polarizing single crystal material having a first crystal lattice axis;a first waveguide formed in the polarizing single crystal material;a second waveguide formed in the polarizing single crystal material running parallel to the first waveguide; andan optical fiber sensing coil;wherein the first waveguide comprises a bend that approaches the second waveguide defining a coupling region between the first waveguide and the second waveguide;wherein the first waveguide and second waveguide are polarized to guide light having a polarization state aligned to the first crystal lattice axis; andwherein the second waveguide and the optical fiber sensing coil are coupled into a resonator configuration to form a ring resonator, the second waveguide comprising a first port coupled to a first end of the optical fiber sensing coil, and a second port coupled to a second end of the optical fiber sensing coil.2. The resonator of claim 1 , wherein the polarizing single crystal material comprises a ...

M-Z INTERFACE LIGHT PATH STRUCTURE WITH ALL POLARIZATION-MAINTAINING FUNCTION

The application provides a interface light path structure with all polarization-maintaining function. A first polarization-maintaining-transferring device includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, wherein the first port receives a first polarized light output by the polarization beam-splitting device, the second port is connected to the first Faraday rotation mirror, and the third port is connected to a first port of the first polarization-maintaining coupler. A second polarization-maintaining-transferring device includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, wherein the first port receives a second polarized light output by the polarization beam-splitting device, the second port is connected to the second Faraday rotation mirror, and the third port is connected to a second port of the first polarization-maintaining coupler. 1. A M-Z interface light path structure with an all polarization-maintaining function , comprising a polarization beam-splitting device , a first polarization-maintaining-transferring device , a first faraday rotator mirror , and a second polarization-maintaining-transferring device , a second faraday rotator mirror , a first polarization-maintaining coupler;the polarization beam-splitting device configured to receive light input by a light source and output a first polarized light and a second polarized light with the same polarization state;the first polarization-maintaining-transferring device comprising a first port, a second port, and a third port, the first port of the first polarization-maintaining-transferring device receiving the first polarized light output by the polarization beam-splitting device, the second port of the first polarization-maintaining-transferring device is connected to the first faraday rotator mirror, and the third port of the first polarization-maintaining-transferring device connected to a first port of the first polarization-maintaining coupler, wherein fiber connected between the first ...

POLARIZATION MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER ARRAY

Advantageously, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a polarization maintaining PROFA (“PM-PROFA”) coupler in which the polarization axes of the individual vanishing core waveguides thereof are oriented or aligned without the need to adjust the orientation of each individual VC waveguide. 1. An optical coupler array for optical coupling of a plurality of optical fibers to an optical device , wherein at least one of the plural optical fibers comprises a polarization maintaining optical fiber , comprising: a common single coupler housing structure;', an inner vanishing core, having a first refractive index (N-1), and having a first inner core size (ICS-1) at said first end, and a second inner core size (ICS-2) at said second end;', 'an outer core, longitudinally surrounding said inner core, having a second refractive index (N-2), and having a first outer core size (OCS-1) at said first end, and a second outer core size (OCS-2) at said second end, and', 'an outer cladding, longitudinally surrounding said outer core, having a third refractive index (N-3), a first cladding size at said first end, and a second cladding size at said second end; and, 'a plurality of longitudinal waveguides each positioned at a predetermined spacing from one another, each having a capacity for at least one optical mode of a predetermined mode field profile, each embedded in said common single housing structure, wherein at least one of said plural longitudinal waveguides is a vanishing core waveguide, each said at least one vanishing core waveguide comprising], 'an elongated optical element having a first end operable to optically couple with the plural optical fibers and a second end operable to optically couple with said optical device, comprising light traveling from said first end to said second end escapes from said inner vanishing core into said corresponding outer core proximally to said second end,', 'light traveling from said second end to said first end moves ...

POLARIZATION MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBER ARRAY

Advantageously, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a polarization maintaining PROFA (“PM-PROFA”) coupler in which the polarization axes of the individual vanishing core waveguides thereof are oriented or aligned without the need to adjust the orientation of each individual VC waveguide. 14.-. (canceled)5. An optical coupler array , comprising:an optical element having a first end configured to receive light, the optical element further having a second end operable to optically couple with an optical device, the optical element comprising a plurality of longitudinal waveguides;a linear to circular polarization converter disposed before at least one of the plurality of longitudinal waveguides, the converter configured to receive linearly polarized light and transmit circularly polarized light to the at least one of the plurality of longitudinal waveguides; anda quarter wave retarder disposed at the second end configured to receive the circularly polarized light from the at least one of the plurality of longitudinal waveguides and transmit linearly polarized light to the optical devicewherein the plurality of longitudinal waveguides comprises at least one vanishing core waveguide.6. The optical coupler array of claim 5 , wherein the quarter wave retarder is attached to the optical element.7. The optical coupler array of claim 5 , wherein the quarter wave retarder is attached to the optical device.8. The optical coupler array of claim 5 , wherein the quarter wave retarder is a free-standing plate.9. The optical coupler array of claim 5 , wherein the quarter wave retarder comprises a film.10. The optical coupler array of claim 9 , wherein the film is a liquid crystal film.11. (canceled)12. The optical coupler array of claim 5 , wherein the transmitted linearly polarized light has polarization axes oriented by the quarter wave retarder.13. The optical coupler array of claim 12 , wherein the transmitted linearly polarized light for different ...

Optical coupler

An improved optical coupler having improved performance at room temperature and a greater thermal operating range. The coupler comprises two optically contacted optical fibers in a substrate wherein the externally induced stress on the fibers in the region of optical contact, is reduced. The reduction occurs as a result of shape and material selection of the substrate. A process for making the coupler is also disclosed.

Optical fiber coupler and process for manufacturing same

An optical fiber coupler is disclosed, which comprises two polished substrates each of which comprises a grooved substrate having a polished surface on the open side end thereof and adapted to hold therein an optical fiber and an optical fiber comprising a core, a cladding and two stress-applying parts arranged in the cladding so as to sandwich the core, a part of the optical fiber being polished off such that the polished surface of the fiber is close to the core so as to allow leakage of light power propagating in the core to the outside, the polished optical fiber being embedded in the grooved substrate and fixed thereto in such a manner that the polished surface of the grooved substrate is in flush with the polished surface of the polished optical fiber, with the two polished substrates being in close contact with each other at the polished surfaces thereof to allow coupling of light power, wherein said polished optical fiber is of a construction such that the polished surface thereof is perpendicular to the polarization principal axis X defined as the direction connecting the centers of said stress-applying parts. Also, a process for manufacturing the optical fiber coupler is disclosed.

Polarization-maintaining optical coupler and method of making the same

Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical coupler. The optical coupler includes a fused optical coupling region made of part of a first and a second single-mode (SM) fiber, with a portion of the second SM fiber being a pigtail fiber on a first side of the fused optical coupling region; and a first and a second polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber on the first side and a second side of the fused optical coupling region respectively. Methods of making the optical coupler and system that utilizes the optical coupler are also provided.

Optical-fiber directional coupler using boron oxide as interstitial material

An evanescent-field coupler for an optical fiber having a core and a cladding forming a guiding region located sufficiently close to the surface of the fiber along a selected length thereof to allow evanescent-field coupling of an optical signal from the guiding region to an optical fiber or other device outside the guiding region, the cladding consisting essentially of silica, the coupler comprising a vitreous layer of amorphous boron oxide or a boron oxide compound fused to the cladding and having an index of refraction substantially matching the index of refraction of the cladding.

Optical contact evanescent wave fiber optic coupler

A single mode, evanescent wave, fiber optic coupler. The coupler comprises a pair of substrates, each substrate having an optically worked fiber embedded therein and wherein the substrates are secured together such that the optical fibers are in optical contact and are in effective fusion with each other.

Optical couplers and methods for making same

The present invention relates generally to optical waveguides for the transmission of electromagnetic energy. The present invention relates more particularly to optical couplers for coupling optical fibers, and methods for making them. One aspect of the present invention is an optical coupler for use with a polarization-maintaining input optical fiber and a polarization-maintaining output optical fiber. The coupler includes: a tube having a wide end, a narrow end having an end face, and a taper therebetween; a polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber having a first end having an end face and a second end, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber being disposed within the tube from the wide end to the narrow end, at least the narrow end of the tube being fused around a first length of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber including the first end of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber to form a coupler end face comprising the end face of the tube and the end face of the first end of the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber. In one aspect of the invention, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber has an outer diameter no greater than about 200 μm in the region in which the tube is fused around it. In another aspect of the invention, the polarization-maintaining feed-through optical fiber has an outer diameter at the coupler end face no greater than about 75% of the diameter of the polarization-maintaining input optical fiber.

Directional coupler

Resin immobilized biocide

본 발명은 (a) 에틸렌- 비닐 아세테이트 - 일산화탄소; 스티렌 - 부타디엔 - 스티렌; 스티렌 - 말레산 무수물; 스티렌 - 메틸 메타크릴레이트; 열가소성 폴리우레탄; 에틸렌 - 비닐 아세테이트 및 아크릴 고무; 및 그 혼합물로 구성되는 그룹으로부터 선택된 수지 85-99중량%; (b) 4,5,-디클로로-2-n-옥틸-4-이소티아졸린-3-온(DCOIT) 및 2-n-옥틸-4-이소티아졸린-3-온(OIT)로 구성되는 그룹으로부터 선택된 살균제 1-15중량%; 를 포함하는 조성물에 관한 것이다. 살균제, 플라스틱 물품, 이소티아졸린, 수지, 세균, 곰팡이, 균류

Single polarization optical fiber

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Directional coupler

Optical fiber and manufacture thereof

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Polarization-maintaining optical fibers for coupler fabrication

Polarization-maintaining coupler is made by a biconically-tapered-fused process from two short lengths of an optical fiber, each having a small, oval stress-applying region that substantially contacts the core. The area of the stress-applying region of the optical fiber is less than 10 percent, preferably less than 2 percent, that of the optical fiber and preferably is contiguous with the core. Couplers of highest quality are made from quartz glass fibers having a birefringence between 1 and 3×10 -4 . It is believed that the principal axes of the oval stress-applying regions of those couplers of highest quality have been collinear or parallel. To permit a coupler to be handled, it can be mounted on a quartz glass substrate with the coupler suspended in air and then potted in a cured elastomer.

Environmentally stable fiber optic polarization maintaining couplers

The invention features a fiber optic coupler package including a rigid substrate and at least two side-by-side optical fibers joined in a coupler region. The substrate has a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially matched to that of the fibers. Each fiber extends axially to opposite sides of the coupler region to a primary and secondary regions of fixation, at each side of the coupler region. In the primary region of fixation, each fiber is separately bonded in close proximity to a rigid mounting surface of the substrate using a small amount of adhesive contiguously disposed on opposite sides of the line of tangency formed by the fiber and the mounting surface. The adhesive is distributed to form a pair of substantially identical masses with mirror symmetry relative to a plane defined by the central fiber axis and the line of tangency. In the secondary region of fixation, extended outward from the coupling region beyond the primary regions of fixation, each fiber has a buffer coating and the fiber is bonded through the buffer coating to the substrate. The coupling region may be formed by the biconically tapered laterally fused process or by bonding the fibers together. The fibers of the coupler may be PM fibers, single mode fibers, multimode fibers, or their combination.

Manufacturing technology for poling electro-optic fiber segments

(57)【要約】 オプトエレクトロニクス装置へと簡単に一体化され得る電気光学的アクティブファイバーセグメント（３１）のための、容易に大量製造へと拡張可能な、低コストの製造技術を提供する。本製造技術は、高フィールドポーリングを可能とするファイバー（１０）を囲む誘電体分離構造（１６、１７）、ポーリングおよび電気光学効果を引き起こすために使用される一対の電極（３７、３８）、および製造により影響を受けず、かつ、さらなるファイバーセクションとのスプライシングのために利用可能なファイバー末端（１８、１９）を提供する。本技術は、特定の電極構造（高周波適用のためのストリップラインおよび／またはマイクロストリップラインならびに準位相整合化３波混合適用のためのセグメント化電極（５２）を含む）に容易に適応可能である。一体化ファイバー変調器における電気光学的アクティブファイバーセグメント（３１）と、他のファイバーとの組合せにより、光学シグナルの高周波変調は、テレコミュニケーションへの適用において達成され得る。同じファイバーセグメントにおいてBragg回折格子構造（５３、５４）を含むことにより、遠隔アクセス可能な電界センサが得られる。電気光学的アクティブファイバーセグメント（３１）における３波混合プロセスは、可視／UVおよび赤外スペクトル範囲の両方において、さらなるコヒーメント照射源の発生を可能にし得る。

Polarization retaining fiber optic coupler and method

To fabricate polarization retaining couplers, the fibers must be kept untwisted and must be maintained parallel to one another, and the major axes of the polavitation-retaining single mode (PRSM) (115,116) fibers must be maintained substantially parallel to one another. It is noted that this orientation includes that orientation wherein the major axes are substantially coaxial. The method of the present invention is characterized in that the fiber coating material is utilized to facilitate the alignment of the major axes of the fibers. In a first described embodiment, each fiber is provided with a rectangularly shaped coating (117,118), and the two larger flattened sides of the coating are specifically oriented with respect to the major and minor axes of the PRSM fiber therein. Cores (141) and (143) of optical fibers (115) and (116), respectively, are elliptically-shaped, and the minor axis of each core is parallel to the long flat sides of the rectangularly-shaped coating. In one embodiment, tube (110) is heated and collapsed onto fibers (115) and (116) in a step that is separate from the step of stretching the midregion of tube (110). The flame from burner (129) is directed onto midregion (128) to heat glass tube (110) to its softening point. Burner (129) may remain stationary, or it may traverse midregion (128) in the direction toward vacuum source (126) as shown by arrow (130). It is an optional feature of the tube collapse step to apply a vacuum source to both hollow filaments (121) and (122), in which case the direction of burner traverse is immaterial. Midregion (128) becomes a solid region that is preferably free of air lines, bubbles, or the like.

Distributed sensor and method using coherence multiplexing of fiberoptic interfermetric sensor

내용 없음. No content.

COUPLING DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING LIGHT INFORMATION BETWEEN OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENTS

OPTICAL ELEMENT ALIGNMENT DEVICE, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND METHODS OF CONNECTING TWO OPTICAL FIBERS AND OPTICAL FIBER PHOTODEGRADING DIODE USING THE DEVICE

Ce dispositif comprend deux ensembles identiques 6a, 6b placés en regard l'un de l'autre et comportant chacun deux blocs piézoélectriques 8a, 8b; 12a, 12brigidement solidaires l'un de l'autre et capables de se déformer respectivement suivant deux directions perpendiculaires. Selon le procédé de fabrication, chaque bloc est obtenu par empilement de plaques piézoélectriques agencées de façon à permettre une déformation globale du bloc. Chaque ensemble peut être muni de vés identiques 18a, 18b permettant ledit raccordement lorsque les fibres ou la fibre et la diode y sont placées, par optimisation de couplage optique. Le dispositif permet aussi le raccordement par une telle optimisation, de deux fibres à coeur apparent, fixées à des plaquettes appropriées, elles-mêmes montées sur les éléments, en vue d'obtenir un coupleur en X. This device comprises two identical assemblies 6a, 6b placed opposite one another and each comprising two piezoelectric blocks 8a, 8b; 12a, 12 rigidly integral with one another and capable of deforming respectively in two perpendicular directions. According to the manufacturing process, each block is obtained by stacking piezoelectric plates arranged so as to allow an overall deformation of the block. Each assembly can be provided with identical ves 18a, 18b allowing said connection when the fibers or the fiber and the diode are placed therein, by optical coupling optimization. The device also allows the connection, by such an optimization, of two fibers with an apparent core, fixed to appropriate plates, themselves mounted on the elements, in order to obtain an X-shaped coupler.

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for making optical devices with shaped optical fibers

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for using shaped optical fibers.

Method for making self-aligning optical fiber with accessible guiding region

A method of making an optical fiber, comprising the steps of forming an optical preform having a core and a cladding with different refractive indices, the core being offset from the geometric center of the preform and having a non-circular cross-section defining two transverse orthogonal axes, the core having a longer transverse dimension along one of the orthogonal axes than along the other of the axes for guiding two fundamental modes, which, in combination with the different refractive indices, permits the de-coupling of waves polarized along the axes, the outer surface of the preform having a non-circular cross-section forming an indexing surface with a predetermined geometric relationship to the core and the orthogonal transverse axes so that the location of the core and the orientation of the axes can be ascertained from the geometry of the outer surface, and drawing an optical fiber from the preform with the drawing rate and the temperature of the preform being controlled to produce a fiber with a cross-sectional geometry similar to that of the preform.

Optical transceiver implementing erbium doped fiber amplifier

An optical transceiver that installs an optical modulator with the Mach-Zehnder type and made of primarily semiconductor materials, and an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is disclosed. The EDFA and the MZ modulator, in addition to a wavelength tunable laser diode, an intelligent coherent receiver, and a polarization maintaining splitter, are installed within a compact case following the standard of CFP2.

Optical fiber apparatus including substrate ruggedized optical fibers

Constant polarization fiber coupler and its manufacture

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical fiber coupler and method

In an optical fiber coupling method and coupling assembly, an optical fiber is secured in a support block which is thermally matched to the fiber material. The fibers are coupled within a homogeneous glass medium, resulting in extreme resistance to ambient chemicals, radiation, temperature and forces. A region of the block is optically worked to form a coupling surface surrounding an exposed central portion of the fiber cladding. First and second such blocks are then positioned with their coupling surfaces aligned, and are placed in optical contact with their opposing counterparts. This produces an optical splice of the fibers within a boundary-free thermally matched medium. The optically-contacted assembly, once aligned, is substantially self-securing, and, due to its homogeneity, does not introduce stresses to the fiber as the temperature of the assembly varies. Preferred forms of fiber mounting and methods of enhancing the formation and quality of optical contact are disclosed.

Polarization independent narrow channel wavelength division multiplexing fiber coupler and method for producing same

The invention provides a method for fabricating a polarization independent narrow channel wavelength division multiplexing fiber optic coupler, comprising the steps of: holding two optical fibers in an abutting longitudinal relation along a predetermined length of the fibers; injecting light energy into one of the fibers; fusing the optical fibers together along the predetermined length to form a fused length of a fiber optic coupler; elongating the fused length of the fusing optical fibers; measuring the light energy output from the ends of the first and second fibers; ceasing the fusing and elongating when the measured light energy output from the ends of the first and second fibers indicates that a predetermined number, N S , of one-half power transfer cycles have occurred in the coupler, where the N S th one-half power transfer cycle occurs within a Kπ phase region of a polarization envelope associated with the coupler, where K is a positive integer.

Optical fiber coupler

Optical waveguide device and optical instrument using the same

An optical waveguide device formed out of a material the refractive index of which has anisotropy, and an optical instrument using the same device. The device comprises an electrooptic single-crystal substrate on which are formed a first core portion the refractive index of which is higher than that of the substrate with respect to both ordinary and extraordinary rays of light, and a second core portion the refractive index of which is higher than that of the substrate with respect to extraordinary rays of light only. The overlapping region of the first and second core portions constitutes a double mode waveguide for extraordinary rays of light. This optical waveguide device is used in place of a pinhole element in an optical system in a confocal scanning optical microscope so as to guide illuminating light into an object to be detected, and to guide the reflected light from the object into a detector. This microscope is provided with a polarization conversion element for use in setting the polarization direction of illuminating light different from that of reflected light. The optical waveguide device functions as a single-mode waveguide with respect to illuminating light, and as a double mode waveguide with respect to reflected light.

Method of making a polarization-insensitive, evanescent-wave, fused coupler with minimal environmental sensitivity

An optical coupler and method of making same is described. The coupling ratio of the coupler is polarization-insensitive. The optical coupler described herein is made from single-mode optical fibers. Each optical fiber has a length of nearly exposed core which is fused to the exposed core of the other optical fiber while the fibers are maintained in parallel juxtaposition with one another without twisting. By creating a fused core coupler from single-mode optical fibers in which the cores are in parallel juxtaposition with one another, the coupling ratio of the subject invention does not change with changes in polarization of light passing through each single-mode fiber and, thus, is polarization insensitive.

Resin immobilized biocide

Polarization-combining fused-fiber optical coupler and method of producing the same

A polarization-combining fused-fiber optical coupler is made of polarization maintaining (PM) fibers spliced to non-birefringent single mode (SM) fibers which are fused and drawn near the splicing to form a coupler with an adiabatic tapered profile. The linearly polarized light injected into PM fibers travels through the coupler where the power of the two polarizations is combined and transmitted to one output fiber. The method for producing such coupler involves splicing a pair of PM fibers to a pair of SM fibers, then injecting linearly polarized light into each PM fiber and fusing and drawing SM fibers to form an adiabatic coupler with maximum power transmission at a desired wavelength going to only one output fiber.

Self-aligning optical fiber and fiber-ring optical resonator using same

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The present invention provides a method of forming an optical fiber joint between optical fibers having predetermined external reference surfaces for locating the guiding regions within the respective fibers, said method comprising: shaping an elongated glass preform to have a cross-sectional configuration with longitudinal surfaces which are large-scale complements of said external reference surfaces on the fibers to be joined, heating the shaped preform to a softened condition and then drawing the softened preform in a longitudinal direction to reduce the scale of said complementary surfaces so that the cross-sectional configuration of the drawn preform matches the cross-sectional configuration of said external reference surfaces on the fibers to be joined, cooling the drawn preform and placing the optical fibers to be joined thereon, with said external reference surfaces on the fibers engaging said complementary longitudinal surfaces on the drawn preform, and bonding said fibers to the drawn preform.

Self-aligning optical fiber and fiber-ring optical resonator using same

A continuously drawn optical fiber (25) comprising a core (26) and cladding (27) having different refractive indices and forming a single-mode guiding region, and the outer surface of the fiber (25) having a cross-section forming a pair of orthogonal exterior fiat surfaces (29, 30) so that the location of the guiding region can be ascertained from the exterior geometry of the fiber (25), the guiding region being offset from the center of gravity of the transverse cross-section of the fiber (25) and located sufficiently close to at least one of the flat surfaces (29, 30) to allow coupling to a guided wave through that surface by exposure or expansion of the field of the guiding region.

Fiber optics device and equipment for coupling same

Method of manufacturing and evaluating an optical fiber coupler and apparatus therefor

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of and apparatus for manufacturing and evaluating an optical fiber coupler in which the optical fibers are heated so that they are conjoined together through fusion and elongated to constitute the tapered portion of the optical fiber coupler, and characterized in that the tapered portion is housed and secured in a protective casing or the like as the portion remains positively twisted after the fusion conjoining and elongation of the fibers.

Method of manufacturing an optical fused-fiber coupler and the coupler manufactured thereby

During the process of manufacturing polarization-selective fused-fiber couplers (1) having two or more input fibers and two or more output fibers and formed in the coupling region (fused region 6) from parallel, nonbirefringent, matched-cladding single-mode fibers, prior to the fusion of the fibers, linearly polarized light with a selected wavelength is fed into one of the input fibers (2) and detected at the ends of the two output fibers (3). The fibers are thereupon fused together with the coupler (1) being drawn until the coupling between the two fibers ceases to fluctuate. The source of heat is then turned off. With the method it is possible to manufacture fused-fiber couplers (1) whose lengths are only approximately 10 mm to 15 mm.

Method for producing an optical coupler for extracting a signal from a polarization maintaining optical fiber, and corresponding coupler

A fused optical coupler comprising a polarization maintaining fiber and a standard fiber is provided. The cross-section of the said standard fiber is smaller than the cross-section of the polarization maintaining fiber in the area of fusion of the coupler. The internal forces in the coupling area are sufficiently low to provide an extinction ratio of more than 20 dB at the output of the polarization maintaining fiber.

Multiple polarization combiner-splitter-isolator and method of manufacturing the same

A multiple-port optical device combines two polarization combiner-splitters into one package. Two single mode optical fibers are enclosed in a first ferrule of the package and are optically coupled to four polarization maintaining fibers enclosed in a second ferrule of the package. The optical fibers are precisely positioned using improved fiber ferrules comprising various capillary designs. A prism is mounted between the single mode fibers and the polarization maintaining fibers. The fibers are screened for geometric characteristics which aide in precisely positioning the fiber cores. The ferrules, capillaries, fibers, and adhesives are combined to reduce adverse thermal effects over a broad range of environmental conditions. The precise positioning and geometry of the optical fibers aids in optically aligning the elements of both polarization combiner-splitters in the one package. The invention is applicable to related devices such as multiple isolators, combiner-isolators, splitter-isolators, and the like.

Optical information transmission system

Coupled communications fibers

A coupling structure for coupling light intelligence between fiber optic elements. Both abuttment and lateral coupling structures are presented.

Polarization maintaining optical fiber array

Advantageously, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a polarization maintaining PROFA (“PM-PROFA”) coupler in which the polarization axes of the individual vanishing core waveguides thereof are oriented or aligned without the need to adjust the orientation of each individual VC waveguide.

Method of manufacturing polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler

In a method of manufacturing a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler by heating lengthwise portions of two polarization-maintaining optical fibers extending side by side, and elongating the heated portions to thereby form a fused-elongated section, elongation is terminated when the cyclic changes in a coupling ratio of two polarized waves according to an elongation length at a wavelength in use are both within first two cycles, so that the coupling ratio of one of the polarized waves is equal to or less than 10% and the coupling ratio of the other one of the polarized waves is equal to or greater than 90%. This method can provide a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler whose coupling ratio has a large dependency on polarization with a short elongation length.

Optical fibre coupler

Polarisation beam splitters/combiners or polarisation insensitive beam splitters/combiners are manufactured from low or zero birefringence single mode optical fibre, rather than high birefringence fibre, by using a differential pulling technique to induce the appropriate amount of form birefringence.

Polarisation insensitive wavelength multiplexing 2x2 fibre couplers

Optical transceiver implementing erbium doped fiber amplifier

本发明公开一种安装有光学调制器和掺铒光纤放大器的光学收发器，所述光学调制器是马赫-泽德型光学调制器并且主要由半导体材料制成。所述掺铒光纤放大器和所述马赫-泽德型光学调制器与波长可调谐的激光二极管、智能相干接收器和保偏分束器一同安装在符合CFP2标准的紧凑外壳中。

Devices and methods for reducing dispersion in optical communications

Asymmetric grating assisted couplers present unique problems if dispersion is to be reduced to levels at which high data rate signals can be transmitted. To overcome these problems, the method of the present invention includes precisely controlling and monitoring the cross-sectional geometry of the coupler during stretching and fusing. By monitoring states of polarization in lowest order modes as the coupler is formed, coupler fusion can be terminated when optimum form birefringence minimizing PMD is achieved. Dispersion is further minimized by impressing a saturated index of refraction grating with substantially flat add/drop characteristics in the coupler, and introducing a controlled amount of twist.

Optical coupler using low or zero birefringence optical fibers

OPTICAL FIBRES Abstract of the Disclosure Polarisation beam splitters/combiners or polarisation insensitive beam splitters/combiners are manufactured from low or zero birefringence single mode optical fibre, rather than high birefringence fibre, by using a differential pulling technique to induce the appropriate amount of form birefringence, the fibres being stretched further than hitherto.

Multichannel optical coupler array

Fiber coupler with reduced polarization sensitivity and method of manufacturing the same

각각 코아 및 클래딩을 포함하는 다수의 광학화이버가 커플링부를 제조하기 위해 길이부를 따라 함께 융하된 오버클래드 화이버 광학커플러에 관한 것이다. 커플링부의 주변의 화이버 클래딩 굴절률 n 2 보다 적은 굴절률 n 3 를 갖는 매트릭스 유리 바디이다. 바디는 광학화이버에 인접한 내부, 내부보다 큰 반경을 갖는 외부 및 내부와 외부 사이에 위치하는 전이부를 갖는다. 내부의 연화점은 외부의 연화점보다 더 크며, 커플러는 낮은 편광의 존 손실 및 낮은 과량손실을 나타낸다.

Method of joining self-aligning optical fibers

A method of forming an optical fiber joint between a pair of elongated optical fibers each of which has a longitudinal axis surrounded by a core and cladding having different refractive indices and forming a single-mode light-guiding region, the core and cladding of each fiber having non-circular transverse cross-sections defining two polarization-maintaining axes of birefringence transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fiber. Each of the fibers also has predetermined external flat reference surfaces for locating the core and cladding and the axes of birefringence within each fiber from the exterior geometry of the fiber. The method comprises shaping an elongated glass preform to have a cross-sectional configuration with flat longitudinal surfaces extending along the preform length, which flat surfaces are large-scale complements of the external reference surfaces on the fibers to be joined, such that the preform longitudinal surfaces will mate with the fiber reference surfaces when the preform is drawn down to the scale of the fibers; heating the shaped preform to a softened condition and then drawing the softened preform in a longitudinal direction to reduce the scale of the complementary surfaces so that the cross-sectional configuration of the drawn preform matches the cross-sectional configuration of the external reference surfaces on the fibers to be joined, and so that the preform longitudinal surfaces and the fiber reference surfaces will mate together; cooling the drawn preform and placing the optical fibers to be joined thereon with the ends of the fibers butted together, with the external reference surfaces on the fibers matingly engaging the complementary longitudinal surfaces on the drawn preform; and bonding the fibers to the drawn preform and bonding the abutting ends of the fibers to each other.

Optical device and Mach-Zehnder interferometer

There is provided an optical device including a first optical waveguide of a directional coupler, a second optical waveguide connected to the first optical waveguide and which guides light, and a common cladding of the first and second optical waveguides, wherein: the common cladding of the first and second optical waveguides includes a first cladding and a second cladding, the second cladding being provided on the first cladding and having a higher refractive index than the first cladding; the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide are formed continuously on the first cladding with a constant width and a constant height and are integrated with each other, and a cross sectional shape of each of the first and second optical waveguides is a rectangular shape that is longest in a direction orthogonal to a surface of the first cladding.

Coupler exhibiting reduced polarization sensitivity

An overclad fiber optic coupler of the type wherein a plurality of optical optical fibers, each having a core and a cladding, are fused together along a portion of the lengths thereof to form a coupling region. Surrounding the coupling region is a matrix glass body of refractive index n3 which is lower than the fiber cladding refractive index n₂. The body has an inner region adjacent the optical fibers, an outer region having a radius greater than that of the inner region, and a transition region between the inner and outer regions. The softening point temperature of the inner region is greater than that of the outer region. The coupler exhibits both low polarization dependent loss and low excess loss.

Polarization retaining fiber optic coupler and method

Abstract of the Disclosure This invention relates to a method of drawing twist-free optical fibers; it is particularly useful for drawing polarization retaining single-mode (PRSM) optical fibers having azimuthal inhomogeneities. In one embodiment, there is applied to the fiber, during the drawing thereof, a coating having a non-circular cross-section, the azimuthal inhomogeneity of the fiber being positioned in a substantially constant orientation with respect to the non-circular cross-section of the coating. In another embodiment, a plurality of fibers having azimuthal inhomogeneities are drawn through the same coater so that the azimuthal inhomogeneity of each fiber is oriented in a substantially constant relationship with respect to the the azimuthal inhomogeneities of the remaining fibers in the coating. The coated PRSM fibers are particularly useful for making polarization retaining fiber optic couplers.

Directive coupler

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for making optical devices with shaped optical fibers

Optical devices using shaped optical fibers and methods for using shaped optical fibers.

Multichannel optical coupler array

Fused fiber optic coupler

A fiber is mounted with a bare portion extending between two blocks. Four blocks securing a pair of fibers in this manner are mutually aligned by one or more external sleeves, and the fibers are fused and drawn to form a coupler of defined coupling ratio. One sleeve then slides over all four blocks and is bonded to constitute a rigid housing surrounding the fusion region. A preferred coupling block is a grooved D-rod, and different geometries are shown to provide effective PZ and PM fusion couplings, with fiber stress axes aligned with respect to a flat surface of the rod. Portions of the rod provide fiber support and alignment during fusion, and break away from the assembled coupler when complete.

Fused fibre optic coupler

Fiber optic possessing shear stress in core

A process for inducing or enhancing shear stress-optical properties and reducing or eliminating stress birefringence in optically transmissive materials is discussed, as well as devices compπsing or incorporating materials subjected to such process Disclosed is an optically transmissive material (figure 5, a fiber optic cable) including a core (10) having an axis and a cladding (11) concentrically disposed about the core (10) wherein the fiber optic cable is modified (via 16) to generate shear stresses in rotational symmetry around the fiber core (10) in a plane orthogonal to the axis.

Polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler and method of manufacturing the same

There is provided a polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler (30) and a method of manufacturing this polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler in which manufacturing is simplified and excess loss is reduced. A polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler (30) is provided in which, in at least one of the polarization maintaining optical fibers forming the fused and extended portion (24), the ratio of the [diameter of the core (21) / the diameter of the cladding (22)] or [the distance between the two stress applying portions (23) / the diameter of the cladding (22)] is greater than the ration of the [diameter of the core (21) / the diameter of the cladding (22)] or [the distance between the two stress applying portions (23) / the diameter of the cladding (22)] in the portions of the polarization maintaining optical fibers that do not form the fused and extended portion (24). In addition, in this polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler (30), in the fused and extended portion, the stress applying portions are enveloped by the cladding (22). Moreover, polarization maintaining optical fibers (20) are used in which the distance between adjacent outer circumferences of the two stress applying portions (23) is 20 µm or more.

Distributed sensor and method using coherence multiplexing of fiber-optic interferometric sensors

A distributed sensor system including an optical source (100) having a short coherence length for optionally continuously monitoring each sensor in the system. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors (110) are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light transmitted through the sensors is multiplexed onto a return arm (114) of the ladder, with sensor spacing being such that interference between light from different sensors is prevented. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber receiver (118, 120) which couples the mutiplexed light with an interfering optical reference signal to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. Embodiments are disclosed for use of either pulsed or continuous wave light sources. In another preferred embodiment, the sensors comprise a plurality of interferometers (404,406) connected in series configuration by a common optical fiber (402), which provides multiplexed output signals from the sensors to another plurality of interferometers (418, 420) comprising receivers. Functional equivalents of the series configuration provide sensors and receivers comprising birefringent or two-mode fiber. The optical path length differences between each pair of sensor arms (409, 410, 411 and 412) are selected to prevent interference between the multiplexed sensor output signals from the various sensors. The optical path lengths through the sensors (404, 406) and receivers (418, 420) are structured so that each receiver (418, 420) produces a phase difference signal relating to conditions affecting light transmission through a specific sensor (404, 406). A phase and amplitude modulation technique is disclosed for providing heterodyned output signals from the dristributed sensor system.

Polarization-maintaining optical fiber and polarization-maintaining optical fiber component

본 발명은 코어를 둘러싸는 클래드 내에 코어에 대하여 대칭적으로 배치된 응력 부여부를 가지는 편파 유지 광파이버에 관한 것으로, 코어 또는 클래드의 동심원이며, 응력 부여부에 걸리지 않고 또한 그 내부에 응력 부여부를 포함하지 않는 것 중 최대의 것의 직경이 20㎛ 이상인 편파 유지 광파이버를 사용하여 편파 유지 광파이버 부품을 구성함으로써, 편파 유지 광파이버 부품의 광 결합부에서의 응력 부여부와 클래드에서의 굴절률의 불균일성에 의한 전파 광의 고차 모드로의 결합을 억제하여 과잉 손실이 적은 편파 유지 광파이버 부품을 얻을 수 있다. The present invention relates to a polarization-retaining optical fiber having a stress imparting portion symmetrically disposed with respect to the core in a cladding surrounding the core, wherein the polarization-retaining optical fiber is a concentric circle of the core or clad and is not caught by the stress imparting portion and does not include a stress imparting portion therein. By constructing a polarization retaining optical fiber part using a polarization retaining optical fiber having a diameter of 20 µm or more, which is the largest one, the high degree of propagation light due to the nonuniformity of the refractive index in the cladding and the cladding of the polarization retaining optical fiber part By suppressing the coupling to the mode, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber component with little excess loss can be obtained. 광파이버, 광섬유, 편파 유지 광파이버, 편파 유지 광파이버 부품 Optical Fiber, Optical Fiber, Polarization Retention Optical Fiber, Polarization Retention Optical Fiber Components

Method of manufacturing polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler

In a method of manufacturing a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler by heating lengthwise portions of two polarization-maintaining optical fibers extending side by side, and elongating the heated portions to thereby form a fused-elongated section, elongation is terminated when the cyclic changes in a coupling ratio of two polarized waves according to an elongation length at a wavelength in use are both within first two cycles, so that the coupling ratio of one of the polarized waves is equal to or less than 10% and the coupling ratio of the other one of the polarized waves is equal to or greater than 90%. This method can provide a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler whose coupling ratio has a large dependency on polarization with a short elongation length.

2 x 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitting polarizer

本发明提供了一种2×2保偏光纤分束偏振器，包括间隔设置在同一光路上的第一光纤对和第二光纤对，在第一光纤对和第二光纤对之间的光路上同时设有偏振片与功率分束的滤光片，在所述偏振片与所述第一光纤对之间的光路上设有第一透镜，在所述偏振片和功率分束的滤光片与所述第二光纤对之间的光路上设有第二透镜。本专利能够非常巧妙地实现单一器件分束与起偏检偏的功能，并且具有波长通带平坦，波长相关损耗小、波长通带纹波小，偏振消光比高，特别是对于返回的光波，通过同一偏振片2次，偏振消光比可以倍增等优点，同时具有性能稳定，工作波长范围宽，温度范围大，具有可靠性好，成品率高，工艺一致性、重复性好，成本低等优势。

Optical fiber coupler

Provided is an optical fiber coupler whereby fluctuation of the polarization state of light passing through a coupler part can be suppressed. The optical fiber coupler according to the present invention is provided with: a substrate having a groove; a coupler part inserted into the groove, intermediate parts of each of a plurality of optical fibers being joined in the coupler part; and an adhesive for bonding the coupler part to the substrate. The Shore D hardness of the adhesive is 10-35. Setting the Shore D hardness of the adhesive to 10-35 makes it possible to suppress fluctuation in the polarization state of light passing through the coupler part.

Polarization maintaining optical coupler

Optical polarization maintaining couplers which may be used as a splitter(divider) or a combiner (multiplexer). The couplers utilize a series of partial reflectors disposed in the lightpath between the input fiber and the output fibers. The couplers may be used to form 1 or 2 by N devices with the input and output fibers disposed at right angles to each other forming a compact, efficient polarization maintaining optical coupler.

Optical phase shifting, splitting and combining device

A Mach-Zehnder device including an input port, an output port, a substantially achromatic first coupling region optically connected to the input port and a substantially achromatic second coupling region optically connected to the output port. An intermediate region is optically connected to the first and second coupling regions. The intermediate region includes a first intermediate branch and a second intermediate branch. The first intermediate branch defines a phase shifting portion. The phase shifting portion, in turn, defines a phase shifting portion level of birefringence over the length of the phase shifting portion. The phase shifting portion level of birefringence is different that the level of birefringence prevailing over the remainder of the first intermediate branch. The birefringence differential between the phase shifting portion level of birefringence and the level of birefringence prevailing over the remainder of the first intermediate branch creates a polarization selective phase shift enabling the generally wavelength insensitive device to be used either as a coupler or splitter.

Self-aligning optical fiber and fiber-ring optical resonator using same

ABSTRACT: A continuously drawn optical fiber comprising a core and cladding having different refractive indices and forming a single-mode guiding region, and the outer surface of the fiber having a cross-section forming a pair of orthogonal exterior flat surfaces so that the location of the guiding region can be ascertained from the exterior geometry of the fiber, the guiding region being offset from the center of gravity of the transverse cross-section of the fiber and located sufficiently close to at least one of the flat surfaces to allow coupling to a guided wave through that surface by exposure or expansion of the field of the guiding region.

光導波路結合器を含む装置及びその製造方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

偏振不灵敏定向耦合器

本发明涉及偏振不灵敏定向耦合器，提供一种定向耦合器的结构和制造定向耦合器的结构的方法。第一波导芯具有第一部分，第二波导芯具有横向邻接第一部分的第二部分，第三波导芯具有第一椎体、第二椎体、及纵向位于第一椎体和第二椎体之间的第三部分，第四波导芯具有第一椎体、第二椎体、及纵向位于第一椎体和第二椎体之间的第四部分。第四部分横向邻接第三部分，且第三部分和第四部分位于第一部分和第二部分上方或下方。

偏振不灵敏定向耦合器

本发明涉及偏振不灵敏定向耦合器，提供一种定向耦合器的结构和制造定向耦合器的结构的方法。第一波导芯具有第一部分，第二波导芯具有横向邻接第一部分的第二部分，第三波导芯具有第一椎体、第二椎体、及纵向位于第一椎体和第二椎体之间的第三部分，第四波导芯具有第一椎体、第二椎体、及纵向位于第一椎体和第二椎体之间的第四部分。第四部分横向邻接第三部分，且第三部分和第四部分位于第一部分和第二部分上方或下方。

合成ユニット、送信機、量子通信システム、ならびに合成、送信、および量子通信のための方法

【解決手段】第１の光入力と第２の光入力とを合成するための合成ユニットであって、光学高速軸および光学遅速軸を有する第１の偏光維持ファイバ（ＰＭＦ）と、光学高速軸および光学遅速軸を有する第２のＰＭＦと、を備え、合成ユニットは、合成された信号を生成するために、第１のＰＭＦおよび第２のＰＭＦの光学高速軸および光学遅速軸が非ゼロの角度だけ互いに対して回転されるように、自由空間において第１の光入力を第２の光入力と合成するように構成される、合成ユニット。【効果】偏光状態を操作し、偏光維持ファイバを使用して単一の出力へと合成することが可能になる。【選択図】図３

Herstellungsverfahren für Koppler aus Polarisation erhaltenden optischen Fasern.

Depolarizers

A depolarizer for a broadband optical source to split the source beam by power, not by polarization state, and route the components into respective light paths. A polarization rotator arranged in one of the light paths rotates the polarization state of that beam component to make it orthogonal to that of the other. The components are then recombined by a combiner and output. A variable optical attenuator is arranged in one of the light paths, which during operation is adjusted by a controller to maintain power equalization between the light paths and hence depolarization performance. The controller receives power measurements from the light paths and from after the combiner via respective sensors. With this feedforward design reminiscent of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer the light from a light source which generates highly polarized light can be depolarized in theory with zero insertion loss and in practice with losses of about 1 dB.

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Verfahren zur herstellung eines optischen verschmelzkopplers und danach hergestellter koppler

A combining unit, a transmitter, a quantum communication system and methods for combining, transmitting and quantum communication

A combining unit 129,165 is for combining first 161 and second 163 optical inputs. The first and second optical inputs include first and second polarisation maintaining fibres (PMFs) with fast and slow optical axes. The combining unit combines the first and second optical inputs in free space so that the fast and slow optical axes of the first and second PMF are rotated with respect to one another by a non-zero angle producing a combined signal. The combining unit may include an output 167 outputting the combined signal to free space. A correction stage may correct for the phase offset between the outputs of the first and second PMFs. A transmitter may emit light with a polarisation selected from a set of fixed polarisations having an emitter which includes the combining unit and multiple emitting units. The output of each emitting unit may be directed into a PMF so that the outputs of at least one/another emitting unit are directed into the first/second PMF. The transmitter may include multiple hierarchical combining stages. A quantum communication system may include the transmitter and a receiver which receives polarisation states from the transmitter and measures the polarisation states in different polarisation bases.

狭帯域レーザ発信器

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

波長非反応性集積光偏光スプリッター

集積光偏光スプリッターが一対の導波路要素を含み、第１の導波路要素が水平向きを有し、第２の導波路要素が、垂直向きを有し、複数の導波路コア層から形成される。第１の導波路要素と第２の導波路要素は、構造の一端で交差またはほぼ交差し、構造の他端では離隔され、要素間での遷移が断熱的になる。導波路要素は、ＴＥ成分とＴＭ成分の両方を有する光信号を受信する。ＴＥ成分は水平向き導波路要素に沿って伝播し、ＴＭ成分は垂直向き導波路要素に沿って伝播する。

Fiber optic rotation sensor