УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КВАРЦЕВЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ

1. Установка для получения кварцевых изделий методом электродугового наплава, содержащая поворотное устройство с двумя или более плавильными емкостями, оснащенными механизмами вращения и наклона, защитную перегородку, узел загрузки и формования крупки, включающий взвешивающее устройство и блок управления толщиной формируемого слоя крупки, устройство наплавки заготовки изделия в виде электродов и механизма горизонтального и вертикального их перемещения, механизма выгрузки заготовки изделия, отличающаяся тем, что защитная перегородка установлена между плавильными емкостями зоны наплавления и зоны загрузки и выгрузки, блок управления толщиной слоя крупки выполнен в виде датчика, связанного с механизмом распределения крупки внутри формы, взаимодействующего с компьютером или механизмом ручного управления. 2. Установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что в устройстве наплавления установлен защитно-регулировочный экран. 3. Установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что на поворотном устройстве установлены плавильные емкости различных типоразмеров. 4. Установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что установка снабжена профилирующим ножом, выполненным с возможностью введения его внутрь плавильной емкости. 5. Установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что блок управления процессом формования связан с механизмом ручного управления. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 39 005 (13) U1 (51) МПК H01J 5/46 (2000.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2004103341/22 , 09.02.2004 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 09.02.2004 (46) Опубликовано: 10.07.2004 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Открытое акционерное общество "Подольский химико-металлургический завод" (RU) Ñòðàíèöà: 1 U 1 3 9 0 0 5 R U U 1 Формула полезной модели 1. Установка для получения кварцевых изделий методом электродугового наплава, содержащая поворотное устройство с двумя или более плавильными емкостями, оснащенными механизмами вращения и ...

ПИРОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ

1. Пироэлектрический элемент, содержащий слой пироэлектрического материала с нанесенными на него с обеих сторон электродами в виде слоев электропроводящего материала, отличающийся тем, что материал выполнен из оксидной керамики, содержащей свинец, кальций, кадмий, неодим титан и вольфрам в соотношениях, описываемых формулой PbCaCdNdTiWО, где δ=0,02-0,05; Х=0,20-0,24; Y=0,01-0,03; Z=0,04-0,05. 2. Элемент по п.1, отличающийся тем, что электроды выполнены из серебра. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 56 068 (13) U1 (51) МПК H01J 5/00 (2006.01) C04B 35/46 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2005139161/22 , 15.12.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 15.12.2005 (45) Опубликовано: 27.08.2006 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Закрытое акционерное общество "АВиГраф" (ЗАО "АВиГраф") (RU) U 1 5 6 0 6 8 R U где δ=0,02-0,05; Х=0,20-0,24; Y=0,01-0,03; Z=0,04-0,05. 2. Элемент по п.1, отличающийся тем, что электроды выполнены из серебра. Ñòðàíèöà: 1 U 1 Формула полезной модели 1. Пироэлектрический элемент, содержащий слой пироэлектрического материала с нанесенными на него с обеих сторон электродами в виде слоев электропроводящего материала, отличающийся тем, что материал выполнен из оксидной керамики, содержащей свинец, кальций, кадмий, неодим титан и вольфрам в соотношениях, описываемых формулой Pb( 1 - δ ) ( 1 - X - Y - Z )CaXCdYNdZTi0 , 9 8W0 , 0 2О3, 5 6 0 6 8 (54) ПИРОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ R U Адрес для переписки: 119992, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр.75, оф.725, а/я 64, Пат. пов. Е.Л. Носыревой, рег.№ 886 (72) Автор(ы): Стефанович Сергей Юрьевич (RU), Сигаев Владимир Николаевич (RU), Сегалла Андрей Генрихович (RU), Орлова Елена Валерьевна (RU) RU 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 56 068 U1 Область техники. Полезная модель относится к относится к электронным пиро-пьезокерамическим элементам с высокой обнаружительной способностью по отношению к источникам ...

ЛАМПА НАКАЛИВАНИЯ

1. Лампа накаливания, содержащая герметичную осесимметричную стеклянную колбу с двумя выведенными наружу электродами, внутри которой вдоль оси симметрии колбы расположена нить накаливания, концы которой закреплены на концах электродов, а по меньшей мере одна из поверхностей колбы имеет многослойное диэлектрическое покрытие, селективно отражающее свет преимущественно в инфракрасном диапазоне спектра, отличающаяся тем, что количество слоев N покрытия удовлетворяет условию 3≤N≤9, оптическая толщина каждого слоя nd удовлетворяет условию 0,35λ≤nd≤0,65λ, где λ=2 мкм и не совпадает с толщиной по крайней мере одного из соседних слоев, а геометрическая толщина покрытия D удовлетворяет условию 2,5 мкм Подробнее

ВАКУУМНЫЙ КОРПУС ФОТОЭЛЕКТРОННОГО ПРИБОРА

Техническое решение относится к фотоэлектронным приборам, а более конкретно к вакуумным корпусам фотоэлектронных приборов, и может быть использовано в конструкциях таких упомянутых фотоэлектронных приборов, как фотоэлектронные умножители, детекторы фотонов, телевизионные передающие трубки, электронно-оптические преобразователи. Вакуумный корпус фотоэлектронного прибора содержит боковую трубку с воображаемой центральной осью, с внутренней периферийной поверхностью, с внешней периферийной поверхностью и с концевой частью на ее конце в направлении воображаемой центральной оси. Также вакуумный корпус фотоэлектронного прибора содержит торцевую панель, прикрепленную к концевой части боковой трубки и представляющую собой электродный узел фотоэлектронного прибора. Также вакуумный корпус фотоэлектронного прибора содержит уплотнение, выполненное из индийсодержащего металлического материала между концевой частью боковой трубки и торцевой панелью. Концевая часть боковой трубки выполнена из стали нержавеющей хромистой ферритной и имеет торцевую поверхность, а торцевая панель прижата к торцевой поверхности концевой части боковой трубки для деформации индийсодержащего металлического материала и герметизации соединения между боковой трубкой и торцевой панелью. Технический результат заключается в повышении точности позиционирования электродов фотоэлектронного прибора относительно друг друга, уменьшении вероятности растрескивания электродного узла, выполненного с применением стекла, повышении степени герметичности вакуумного корпуса, уменьшении вероятности попадания частиц металлического материала во внутреннее пространство вакуумного корпуса и возникновения обусловленных этим коротких замыканий и автоэмиссионных процессов внутри вакуумного корпуса, а также в исключении дополнительных металлических покрытий вокруг границ торцевой поверхности концевой части боковой трубки. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 175 163 U1 (51) МПК H01J 5/22 (2006.01) H01J 43/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ ...

Вакуумный герметизатор многократного использования

Полезная модель вакуумный герметизатор многократного использования относится к вакуумной технике и может быть использована для герметичного перекрытия вакуумных систем с последующим отсоединением от откачной системы и поддержанием стабильного давления остаточного газа. Герметизатор включает запорный орган, который выполнен в виде фланца-переходника, содержащего медное уплотнительное кольцо, обеспечивающее герметичное перекрытие откачного канала, и затворного штока, выполненного в виде фланца для соединения с вакуумной откачной системой, прижимного диска с выступом и полого цилиндра, включающий резиновые уплотнения и откачные отверстия, привод перемещения запорного органа. Привод перемещения запорного органа выполнен в виде направляющих шпилек, снабженных стягивающими гайками, соединяющими последовательно фланец-переходник, корпус с выступом и затворный шток, и ограничительными гайками, регулирующими расстояние между медным уплотнительным кольцом и затворным штоком. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 182 186 U1 (51) МПК H01J 5/02 (2006.01) F16K 3/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F16K 3/04 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018113720, 16.04.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 07.08.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 07.08.2018 Бюл. № 22 Адрес для переписки: 308015, Белгородская обл., г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85, НИУ "БелГУ", Цуриковой Н.Д. (73) Патентообладатель(и): федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет" (НИУ "БелГУ") (RU) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2114481 C1, 27.06.1998. SU U 1 1 8 2 1 8 6 R U (54) Вакуумный герметизатор многократного использования (57) Реферат: Полезная модель вакуумный герметизатор для соединения с вакуумной откачной системой, многократного использования относится к прижимного диска с выступом и ...

Устройство подсоединения вакуумного газоразрядного прибора с медным штенгелем к вакуумному посту

Полезная модель относится к области вакуумной техники, в частности к соединительным устройствам элементов вакуумных систем. Требуемый технический результат, заключающийся в повышении надежности применения, достигается в устройстве, включающем двусторонний фланец с уплотняющим зубом для вдавливания его в торец медного штенгеля, а также тарельчатую пружину для компенсации пластической деформации в медного штенгеле во время длительного обезгаживания газоразрядного прибора при повышенной температуре, при этом уплотняющий зуб для вдавливания его в торец медного штенгеля с внутренним углом в 54 градуса выполнен симметричной треугольной формы с радиусом закругления вершины, равным 0,1 мм. 2 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 207 777 U1 (51) МПК H05H 1/00 (2006.01) H01J 5/02 (2006.01) F16L 23/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК H01J 5/00 (2021.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021118304, 23.06.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 16.11.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 16.11.2021 Бюл. № 32 (54) Устройство подсоединения вакуумного газоразрядного прибора с медным штенгелем к вакуумному посту (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области пружину для компенсации пластической вакуумной техники, в частности к деформации в медного штенгеле во время соединительным устройствам элементов длительного обезгаживания газоразрядного вакуумных систем. Требуемый технический прибора при повышенной температуре, при этом результат, заключающийся в повышении уплотняющий зуб для вдавливания его в торец надежности применения, достигается в медного штенгеля с внутренним углом в 54 устройстве, включающем двусторонний фланец градуса выполнен симметричной треугольной с уплотняющим зубом для вдавливания его в формы с радиусом закругления вершины, равным торец медного штенгеля, а также тарельчатую 0,1 мм. 2 ил. R U 2 0 7 7 7 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 203211U1, 25.03 ...

Ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp

An ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp according to various embodiments is an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp in which a luminous tube employing a quartz bulb is attached to a neck part of a reflector by injecting first cement, and a metal base is attached to the neck-part end of the luminous tube by injecting second cement, wherein, if a is the outer diameter of the first cement and second cement after injection, b is the total axial depth of the first cement and second cement after injection, and c is the outer diameter of the quartz bulb in the vicinity of the luminous tube where the metal base is attached, the following relationships are satisfied: 1.3<a/c<2.4; 0.5<b/c<1.6.

Low thermal expansion filler, method for preparing the same and glass composition

An object of the present invention is to provide a low thermal expansion filler for low thermal expansion glasses which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and exhibits superior flowability in a molten state, and a glass composition containing the same. It has been found that a low thermal expansion filler composed of a hexagonal zirconium phosphate powder where a specific particle size of 0.8 μm to 50 μm is 95% or more on a volume basis has excellent low thermal expansion property and excellent flowability, and a glass composition containing the filler has been accomplished.

Polymer layer on x-ray window

An x-ray window comprising a plurality of thin film layers stacked together, including a thin film layer and a polymer layer. The thin film layer can be diamond, graphene, diamond-like carbon, beryllium, and combinations thereof. The polymer layer can be a polyimide. A boron hydride layer may also be included.

connecting component for lighting devices

In various embodiments, a coupling component is configured to hold a lighting body inserted in a protection bulb via a mouth portion of the bulb, the coupling component having a groove for receiving the rim of the mouth portion of the bulb, the groove including sculptured formations to keep the mouth rim received in the groove spaced from the bottom of the groove to produce a discontinuous contact between the mouth rim and the groove.

Discharge lamp bulb

A discharge lamp bulb includes an arc tube having: a pair of electrodes that are opposed to each other inside a luminous tube; an outer tube having the luminous tube therein; a pair of lead wires connected to the electrodes; and a metal band mounted on an outer periphery of the outer tube, a support plug having: a plug body having a hollow, inner cylindrical section therein that opens at a front end; an arc-tube support portion mounted on a front-end edge of the inner cylindrical section; and a flange, and a lead support wire extending outside the outer tube in the longitudinal direction and connecting one of the lead wires with the support plug, wherein a front-end face of the inner cylindrical section is substantially flush with a front-end face of the flange or positioned on a back-end side with respect to the front-end face of the flange.

Discharge lamp, light source apparatus, exposure apparatus, and exposure apparatus manufacturing method

A light source apparatus is equipped with a discharge lamp, which has a glass tube that forms a light emitting part and a base member that is coupled thereto, and a mounting apparatus that holds the discharge lamp via the base member. Therein, the base member has a flange part that contacts positioning plate of the mounting apparatus, and a fixed part that is urged with a pressing force that presses the flange part to the positioning plate. Furthermore, the mounting apparatus has a fixing arm that urges the fixed part by a compression coil spring.

High pressure sodium lamp

A high pressure sodium lamp includes a lamp base, a light admissible housing and a sodium vapor illumination arrangement, which includes a light core extended from the lamp base into the light admissible housing; a supporting frame, and an arc tube. The supporting frame longitudinally extends in the light admissible housing, and has an upper end portion supported by an upper portion of the light admissible housing, and a lower end portion supported by the light core. The arc tube has a first and a second electrode formed at two ends thereof and electrically connected with the upper end portion of the supporting frame and the light core respectively, wherein sodium vapor in the arc tube is electrically excited to discharge light having an intensity equivalent to that generated by more than 1000 W power.

Lighting systems including adapters electrically connecting lighting apparatuses

A lighting system comprising a lighting apparatus and a lighting adapter, where the lighting adapter includes a frame, a curved reflector coupled to the frame and having a reflective surface partially enclosing an interior space and defining a focal point within the interior space, a light source disposed at least partially within the interior space and substantially at the focal point of the reflective exterior surface, wherein the light source is electrically wired to allow current to flow from an outside power source into the light source, a pair of endcaps, the endcaps centering the light source substantially at the focal point, and a pair of tombstone sockets, and where the lighting adapter includes a plurality of grooved channels, wherein the grooved channels of the lighting adapter are transversely disposed on each end of a rear-wall member,

Ceramic metal halide lamp with feedthrough comprising an iridium wire

The invention relates to a ceramic metal halide lamp having a ceramic discharge vessel, characterized in that the discharge vessel encloses a discharge space which comprises an electrode, which electrode is electrically connected to a conductor outside the discharge vessel by means of a feedthrough comprising an Ir wire, the feedthrough being gas-tight mounted in an extended plug, also referred to as vup, of the discharge vessel, the feedthrough comprising an electrode—feedthrough combination made up of at least three parts with a W or W—Re rod or a Mo or Mo alloy wire extending out of the vup for burner mounting, which W or W—Re or MO or MO alloy wire is welded to the Ir wire.

LAMP

The present invention relates to a lamp having a spacer which is made of a thin metal plate being put on a closed end of an inner tube and held between the inner tube and the outer tube for keeping a predetermined constant distance therebetween for coaxially arranging the inner tube and the outer tube. In order to reduce the deepness of the shadow caused by strips of the spacer that shield light emitting through the inner tube, the spacer is attached to an exhaust portion protruding from a center of the closed end of the inner tube by inserting the exhaust portion into a hole, and strips, - - - extending in the direction of the opening end of the inner tube from peripheral edge of the center plate are inclined in a circumferential direction around an optical axis of the lamp. 1. A lamp comprising:an inner tube housing an arc tube or a luminous filament,an outer tube housing the inner tube,a base having a mount to which each open end of the inner tube and outer tube is fixed by an adhesive, anda spacer made of a thin metal plate and attached to a closed end of the inner tube so as to coaxially support the inner tube to the outer tube, in whichthe spacer hasa center plate which is attached to an exhaust portion protruding from a center of the closed end of the inner tube by inserting the exhaust portion into a hole of the center plate, andat least three strips protruding from the peripheral edge of the center plate and extending in direction of the open end of the inner tube, characterized in thatthe strips are inclined in a circumferential direction of the inner tube around the optical axis of the lamp.2. A lamp according to the claim 1 , whereinthe strips are protruded each at a substantially equal distance along the peripheral edge of the center plate, and they are inclined each in the same circumferential direction.3. A lamp according to the claim 1 , wherein an angle of inclination of each strip to the optical axis of the lamp is 15 to 45 degree.4. A lamp ...

Lead-Free Low Melting Point Glass Composition

Disclosed is a lead-free, low melting point glass composition, which is characterized by being substantially free from a lead component and comprising 0-8 mass % of SiO 2 , 2-12 mass % of B 2 O 3 , 2-7 mass % of ZnO, 0.5-3 mass % of RO (MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO), 0.5-5 mass % of CuO, 80-90 mass % of Bi 2 O 3 , 0.1-3 mass % of Fe 2 O 3 , and 0.1-3 mass % of Al 2 O 3 . This glass composition is not easily crystallized at high temperatures and is stable. Therefore, it is useful as an insulating coating material and a sealing material for electronic material substrates.

Electrodeless plasma lighting device, in particular microwave lamp

The invention relates to an electrodeless plasma lighting or illuminating device (microwave lighting device), comprising an illuminant member ( 2 ), which is excited by an rf-radiation for illumination and held by a shaft ( 3 ), and a supporting member ( 30 ) for supporting the shaft ( 3 ) together with the illuminant member, wherein the supporting member ( 30 ) is coupled with a rotary drive ( 20 ) for rotating the supporting member ( 30 ) together with the shaft ( 3 ) around a longitudinal axis thereof. According to the invention a plurality of supporting spots ( 37 ) or point-like supporting members ( 37 ) protrude from a surface, preferably an inner surface, of the supporting member ( 30 ) for supporting the shaft ( 3 ) in a punctual manner. Accordingly the surface contact between the hot shaft ( 3 ) and the supporting member is effectively reduced to thereby reduce the efforts required for cooling said shaft, in particular in the region of the supporting member.

HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP

A high pressure discharge lamp of the present invention is provided with a light-emitting bulb comprising a light-emitting part and sealing sections; metal foils embedded within the sealing sections; and a pair of electrodes having one end protruding into the light-emitting part and having the other end embedded in the corresponding sealing section and joined to the corresponding metal foil. An embedded length L (mm) of the electrodes that is defined by the length between a light-emitting part side end of the metal foil and the border section between the protruding section and the embedded section of the electrode, and the temperature T (° C.) at the joint region of the electrode and the metal foil are set to satisfy 1.8≦2.8 and T≦970. 1. A high pressure discharge lamp comprising:a light-emitting bulb including a light-emitting part, and first and second sealing sections interposing the light-emitting part;first and second metal foils embedded in the first and second sealing sections, respectively;first and second electrodes each having one end protruding into the light-emitting part and having the other end embedded in the corresponding one of the first and second sealing sections and joined to the corresponding one of the first and second metal foils; anda sub-mirror covering at least a portion on a second electrode side of the light-emitting bulb without covering the first electrode side of the light-emitting bulb, whereinthe light-emitting bulb comprises quartz glass, and an embedded length L (mm) of the second electrode that is defined as a distance from a border section between a protruding section and an embedded section of the second electrode to a light-emitting part side end of the second metal foil, and a temperature T (° C.) at a joint region of the second electrode and the second metal foil during a discharging of the lamp satisfy 1.8≦L≦2.8 and T≦970 so that the quartz glass and the second metal foil do not detach by the discharging of the lamp.2. The ...

STRAIGHT TUBE LED LAMP, LAMP SOCKET SET, AND LIGHTING FIXTURE

A straight tube LED lamp includes: a straight tube in which a plurality of light emitting diodes is housed; a first cap for forming a power feeding connection to the plurality of light emitting diodes, provided on one axial direction end side of the straight tube; and a second cap for grounding, provided on another axial direction end side of the straight tube. A first terminal for forming an electrical connection to a power feeding terminal of a first lamp socket is provided in the first cap. A second terminal for forming an electrical connection to a grounding terminal of a second lamp socket is provided in the second cap. 1. A straight tube LED lamp comprising:a straight tube in which a plurality of light emitting diodes is housed;a first cap for forming a power feeding connection to the plurality of light emitting diodes, said first cap being provided on one axial direction end side of the straight tube; anda second cap for grounding, said second cap being provided on another axial direction end side of the straight tube,wherein a first terminal for forming an electrical connection to a terminal of a first lamp socket is provided in the first cap, anda second terminal for forming an electrical connection to a terminal of a second lamp socket is provided in the second cap.2. The straight tube LED lamp according to claim 1 , further comprising a conductive member claim 1 ,wherein the second terminal is electrically connected to the conductive member.3. The straight tube LED lamp according to claim 2 , wherein the conductive member takes an elongated shape and forms a part of the straight tube.4. The straight tube LED lamp according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes are mounted on an elongated substrate in a lengthwise direction thereof so as to form an LED module claim 3 , andthe conductive member is a heat sink disposed in thermal contact with the LED module.5. The straight tube LED lamp according to claim 1 , wherein the first terminal ...

Transmission type radiation generating source and radiography apparatus including same

A transmission type radiation generating device includes an electron emitting source; a substrate that transmits radiation; a target provided on a surface of the substrate facing the electron emitting source and configured to generate radiation when electrons emitted from the electron emitting source are applied thereto; a shield member having a radiation passage that allows the radiation transmitted through the substrate to pass therethrough, the shield member being connected to the substrate and including at least a forward shield portion that protrudes in a direction away from the electron emitting source with respect to the target; and an insulating fluid in contact with the forward shield portion. The shield member includes a low-melting-point metal or a low-melting point alloy provided at least in the forward shield portion.

FLAT PANEL DISPLAY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Flat panel displays and methods of manufacturing the displays are disclosed. In one embodiment, the flat panel display includes: i) a substrate, ii) a display unit formed over the substrate, iii) an encapsulation substrate formed so as to face the display unit and iv) a sealing member formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate so as to substantially surround the display unit. The display may further include i) a wiring unit formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate so as to substantially overlap with the sealing member, wherein the wiring unit includes at least one via hole and ii) an inlet unit connected to the wiring unit and connectable to an external power source. 1. A flat panel display comprising:a substrate;a display unit formed over the substrate;an encapsulation substrate formed so as to face the display unit;a sealing member formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate so as to substantially surround the display unit;a single wiring unit formed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate so as to substantially overlap with the sealing member, wherein the wiring unit includes at least one via hole, wherein the at least one via hole passes through the single wiring unit, and wherein the wiring unit surrounds the four sides of the display unit; andan inlet unit connected to the wiring unit and connectable to an external power source.2. The flat panel display of claim 1 , wherein the sealing member contacts the substrate through the via hole.3. The flat panel display of claim 1 , wherein the wiring unit is formed on the substrate claim 1 , and wherein the sealing member is formed between the wiring unit and the encapsulation substrate.4. The flat panel display of claim 1 , wherein the sealing member substantially fills the via hole.5. The flat panel display of claim 1 , wherein the sealing member contacts the encapsulation substrate.6. The flat panel display of claim 1 , wherein the sealing member ...

IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE AND TELEVISION RECEIVER

An image display device has a display panel which displays an image; a first case which accommodates the display panel; an ion generating unit which generates ion mist; a second case which accommodates therein the ion generating unit; and a blower which is disposed inside the second case, and generates an air flow for emitting the ion mist generated by the ion generating unit to outside of the second case. The second case has an inlet provided upstream in the air flow relative to the ion generating unit; and an outlet for emitting air flowing in from the inlet and including the ion mist generated by the ion generating unit to the outside of the second case. The air including the ion mist and emitted from the outlet is emitted to a viewing space in front of the display panel. 1. An image display device comprising:a display panel displaying an image;a first case accommodating the display panel;an ion generating unit generating ion mist;a second case accommodating the ion generation unit; anda blower disposed inside the second case and generating an air flow for emitting the ion mist generated by the ion generating unit to outside of the second case, whereinthe second case includes:an air inlet provided in an upstream side of the ion generating unit; andan air outlet for emitting the air including the ion mist generated by the ion generating unit to the outside of the second case, and whereinthe air including the ion mist is emitted to a viewing space in front of the display panel.2. The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the second case includes:a first wall disposed perpendicular to aback surface of the display panel and having the air inlet formed therein;a second wall disposed parallel to the back surface of the display panel and having a through hole penetrating a section crossing the first wall; anda covering member covering the through hole.3. The image display device according to claim 1 , further comprisinga control circuit controlling an ...

RADIATION ENTRY WINDOW FOR A RADIATION DETECTOR

The invention concerns a radiation entry window () for a radiation detector (), in particular for a semiconductor drift detector (), with a flat window element (), which is at least partially permeable for the radiation to be detected by the radiation detector (), as well as with a window frame (), which laterally frames the window element (), wherein the window frame () consists of a semiconductor material and is considerably thicker than the window element (). 116-. (canceled)17. A radiation entry window for a radiation detector , comprising:(a) a flat window element, which is at least partially permeable for radiation to be detected by the radiation detector; and (i) the window frame consists of a semiconductor material and is thicker than the window element;', '(ii) the window frame is manufactured in planar technology in a semiconductor process; and', '(iii) the window frame is connected quasi monolithically with the window element., '(b) a window frame, which laterally frames the window element, wherein18. The radiation entry window according to claim 17 , wherein the window frame is essentially arranged on an inner side of the flat window element facing away from the radiation.19. The radiation entry window according to claim 17 , wherein the window frame is essentially arranged on an external side of the flat window element facing the radiation.20. The radiation entry window according to claim 18 , wherein the window frame has a cross-section profile claim 18 , which widens outwardly from the inner side facing away from the radiation.21. The radiation entry window according to claim 19 , wherein the window frame has a cross-section profile claim 19 , which widens inwardly from an outside facing the radiation.22. The radiation entry window according to claim 17 , wherein the flat window element consists of a single planar layer.23. The radiation entry window according to claim 17 , wherein the flat window element has a plurality of different planar layers ...

Ion generation method and ion source

An ion generation method uses a direct current discharge ion source provided with an arc chamber formed of a high melting point material, and includes: generating ions by causing molecules of a source gas to collide with thermoelectrons in the arc chamber and producing plasma discharge; and causing radicals generated in generating ions to react with a liner provided to cover an inner wall of the arc chamber at least partially. The liner is formed of a material more reactive to radicals generated as the source gas is dissociated than the material of the arc chamber.

Modified spectrum lamp

There is herein described a lamp having a light-transmissive envelope, a tungsten-halogen capsule and a coating disposed on the surface of the light-transmissive envelope or doped in the light-transmissive material. The light-transmissive envelope may comprise a light-transmissive material. The tungsten-halogen capsule can be positioned inside the light-transmissive envelope.

DISPLAY APPARATUS

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a display apparatus comprising: a display panel having a first side and a second side in opposite to the first side; a first polarizer arranged on the first side of the display panel; and a second polarizer arranged on either of the first side and the second side of the display panel, wherein an angle between a direction of a light transmission axis of the second polarizer and a direction of a light transmission axis of the first polarizer is adjustable. 1. A display apparatus comprising:a display panel having a first side and a second side opposite the first side;a first polarizer arranged on the first side of the display panel; anda second polarizer arranged on either the first side or the second side of the display panel,wherein an angle between a direction of a light transmission axis of the second polarizer and a direction of a light transmission axis of the first polarizer is adjustable.2. The display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first polarizer at least overlaps partially with the second polarizer in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the display panel.3. The display apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first polarizer is fixed on the first side of the display panel claim 1 , and wherein the angle between the direction of the light transmission axis of the second polarizer and the direction of the light transmission axis of the first polarizer is adjusted by rotation of the second polarizer.4. The display apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the second polarizer has a rotation angle of 0-360 degrees.5. The display apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the second polarizer has a substantially circular shape.6. The display apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising a rotation adjusting member configured to adjust a rotation angle of the second polarizer.7. The display apparatus according to claim 6 , further comprising a rotation control module configured to control ...

Liquid Crystal Polymer for Mounting X-ray Window

An x-ray window can include an adhesive layer sandwiched between and providing a hermetic seal between a thin film and a housing. The adhesive layer can include liquid crystal polymer. The liquid crystal polymer can be opaque, gas-tight, made of low atomic number elements, able to withstand high temperature, low outgassing, low leakage, able to relieve stress in the x-ray window thin film, capable of bonding to many different materials, or combinations thereof.

Radiation window with support structure

An improved radiation window comprises a film permeable to radiation disposed on a support structure. The support structure comprises a primary transmissive area comprising a plurality of support members defining a plurality of apertures for radiation to pass through; a flange disposed around the periphery of the primary transmissive area having generally greater mechanical rigidity than the primary transmissive area; and a transition region disposed between, and contiguous with, the primary transmissive area and the flange; the transition region having generally greater mechanical rigidity than the primary transmissive area and generally lesser mechanical rigidity than the flange, thereby providing an intermediate rigidity transition between the dissimilar rigidities of the primary transmissive area and the flange. A radiation detection system comprises a sensor configured to detect radiation, disposed behind such an improved radiation window.

Improved materials and structures for large area x-ray dectector windows

Embodiments for detectors windows up to 100 mm are disclosed.

Damping ring

A UV radiator unit includes an elongated gas discharge lamp with an essentially cylindrical UV transparent lamp body with sealed ends, which encloses a gas volume. The lamp body defines a longitudinal axis and has an outer diameter. A UV transparent sleeve tube with an inner diameter, which surrounds the lamp body and wherein the inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the lamp body. At least one damping ring is interposed between the lamp body and the sleeve tube. The damping ring includes a first side element, a second side element and at least one connecting portion. An axial distance is provided between the first side element and the second side element. The at least one connecting portion physically connects the first side element and the second side element.

Radiation Source Assembly

There is disclosed a coupling for a radiation source assembly that comprises an elongate radiation source and an elongate radiation transparent protective sleeve for receiving the elongate radiation source. The coupling disengages in two stages when it is desired to remove the elongate radiation source for servicing (or any other purpose). The coupling is disengaged from a first position in which a seal is made between the sleeve bolt element and the lamp plug element. When this action takes place, the lamp plug element is still secure with respect to the sleeve bolt element but since there is no seal between the two, any fluid which has flooded the elongate radiation source (e.g., due to breakage or other damage to the protective sleeve) will emerge from the coupling warning the operator not to fully disengage the lamp plug element from the sleeve bolt element. If no such fluid is seen by operator, the operator may continue to disengage the lamp plug element from the sleeve bolt element to withdraw the elongate radiation source from the elongate radiation transparent protective sleeve. 1. A radiation source assembly comprising:an elongate radiation source;an elongate radiation transparent protective sleeve for receiving the elongate radiation source;a sleeve bolt element configured to secure the elongate radiation transparent protective sleeve to a fluid treatment housing;a lamp plug element configured to: (i) be reversibly engageable with respect to the elongate radiation source, and (ii) supply electrical power to the elongate radiation source; anda first seal element configured to be moveable between a first position in which the first seal provides a substantially fluid tight seal between the sleeve bolt element and the lamp plug element and a second position in which the sleeve bolt element and the lamp plug element are unsealed upon non-rotational retraction of the lamp plug element in a direction substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the elongate ...

MOUNTING SYSTEM FOR SEALING AND ALIGNING THE BURNER OF THE LAMP AT THE CENTRE OF ITS BASE

A lamp having a longitudinal axis, comprising of a burner pinched at one end and a cement less base holding the contact points protruding from the burner. At least one end of the burner is sealed and aligned at the centre of the base in an upright direction following the lamp axis by means of a spring clip, which is mounted from the side of the pinch of the burner and does not interfere with the lead wires. 1. A lamp having a longitudinal axis , comprising of a burner pinched at one end , and a cement-less base in the form of a trough-shaped holder to hold contact points of supply lead protruding from the burner , wherein , at least one end of the burner is sealed and aligned at the center of the cement-less base in an upright direction following the longitudinal axis by means of a spring clip; wherein said spring clip: (a) is mounted from a side of the pinch of the burner; (b) does not occupy the space below the pinch of the burner in the cement-less base; and (c) does not interfere with lead wires.2. The lamp as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spring clip does not interact with the cement-less base of the pinch and engages the pinch higher in the cement-less base.3. The lamp as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spring clip seals and aligns one end of the burner at the center of the cement-less base by a form fit or spring force.4. The lamp as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the spring clip has a first limb and a second limb claim 1 , which gets engaged inside the cement-less base and mounts the lamp from a top side of the cement-less base.5. The lamp as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the first limb extends in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the lamp and the second proximate limb is disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lamp.6. The lamp as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the second limb runs along one side wall of the cement-less base extending to a bottom of the cement-less base and controls an insertion length of the lamp in ...

High Strength Carbon Fiber Composite Wafers For Microfabrication

A method of making a high strength carbon fiber composite (CFC) wafer with low surface roughness comprising at least one sheet of CFC including carbon fibers embedded in a matrix. A stack of at least one sheet of CFC is provided with the stack having a first surface and a second surface. The stack is pressed between first and second pressure plates with a porous breather layer disposed between the first surface of the stack and the first pressure plate. The stack is cured by heating the stack to a temperature of at least 50° C. 1. A method of making a wafer , the method comprising:a. providing a stack of at least one sheet of carbon fiber composite (CFC) including carbon fibers embedded in a matrix, the stack having a first surface and a second surface;b. pressing the stack between first and second pressure plates with a porous breather layer disposed between the first surface of the stack and the first pressure plate; andc. curing by heating the stack to a temperature of at least 50° C., defining a first curing process.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising disposing a solid claim 1 , polished layer between the second surface of the stack and the second pressure plate during the first curing process with the polished layer having a root mean square surface roughness Rq of less than 300 nm in an area of 100 micrometers by 100 micrometers claim 1 , on a side facing the stack.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:a. releasing pressure from the stack;b. removing the porous layer from the stack;c. disposing a polished layer on each side of the stack, the polished layers having a root mean square surface roughness Rq of less than 300 nm in an area of 100 micrometers by 100 micrometers, on a side facing the stack; andd. pressing the stack and polished layers between first and second pressure plates;e. curing by heating the stack to a temperature of at least 50° C., defining a second curing process.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the porous breather layer ...

X-RAY WINDOW

An x-ray window, which may be utilized within an x-ray source or an x-ray detector is disclosed, and a method for manufacturing the same. The x-ray window may be permeable to soft x-rays. The x-ray window may have at least one surface in contact with a pressure essentially equal that of a vacuum. The x-ray window may be multilayered with a thickness of less than or equal to one micron. 1. A method for making an x-ray window comprising:depositing one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials onto a silicon substrate; andpatterning and etching the silicon substrate to form a ring structure having an aperture formed therethrough so that only the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials cover the aperture.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the silicon ring structure has a thickness of about 200 microns-500 microns.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦1 micron.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦0.5 microns.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials comprise a base layer and a visible light blocking layer.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the aperture has a diameter of about ≧5 mm.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers include a silicon nitride layer.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein the one or more layers include a diamond thin film.9. The method as recited in claim 8 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦1 micron.10. An x-ray window comprising:a silicon ring; andone or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials completely covering an aperture formed in the silicon ring, wherein the one or more layers have a total thickness for passage of x-rays of ≦1 micron.11. The x-ray window as recited in claim 10 , ...

Luminaire Comprising A Fluorescent Light Bulb, Mercury Sorbent, And Secondary Covering

A luminaire comprising a fluorescent light bulb, mercury sorbent, and a secondary covering is presented along with methods for making and using a luminaire that has mercury sorbent placed under a secondary transparent or translucent covering, coating, or skin and over the glass-casing of the fluorescent light bulb comprising the luminaire so that elemental mercury will not escape to the environment surrounding the luminaire if and when the glass-casing of the fluorescent light bulb ever breaks or ruptures. 2. The luminaire of wherein said fluorescent light bulb is a compact fluorescent lamp or any light-emitting apparatus containing mercury.3. The luminaire of wherein said mercury sorbent matter is comprised of carbon claim 1 , sulfur claim 1 , copper claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , silver claim 1 , tungsten disulfide claim 1 , selenium claim 1 , or any other matter that will chemically react and combine with mercury to form a new chemical compound claim 1 , whereby said mercury when combined in said new chemical compound is less harmful to humans or the environment than elemental mercury.4. The luminaire of wherein said transparent or translucent secondary covering claim 1 , coating claim 1 , or skin is comprised of matter that resists yellowing claim 1 , fogging claim 1 , or any other type of physical degrading effect to its composition or features caused when said matter is exposed to ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation emitted from said fluorescent light bulb.5. The luminaire of wherein said transparent or translucent secondary covering claim 1 , coating claim 1 , or skin is permanently-affixed to claim 1 , cannot be removed from claim 1 , or always remains covering said glass-casing of said fluorescent light bulb claim 1 , whereby permanently-affixed said transparent or translucent secondary container claim 1 , coating claim 1 , or skin does not have to be removed and stored separately from said fluorescent light bulb when said fluorescent light ...

Electron gun adjustment in a vacuum

Embodiments include a vacuum device, comprising: an enclosure configured to enclose a vacuum, the enclosure including an external base including an opening; an internal base within the enclosure; and an adjustable support assembly adjustably coupling the internal base to the external base and extending through the opening, the adjustable support assembly comprising: a threaded shaft extending along a longitudinal axis and coupled to the internal base; a threaded hole component threadedly engaged with the threaded shaft and coupled to the external base such that the threaded hole component is axially constrained in a direction along the longitudinal axis relative to the external base independent of the threaded shaft; and a flexible component coupled to the external base and the threaded shaft and sealing the opening.

WINDOW MEMBER FOR AN X-RAY DEVICE

A window member for separating an internal environment of an x-ray device from an environment external to the x-ray device is provided. The window member comprises a substrate and a coating layer disposed upon a surface of the substrate. The substrate is formed from a polycrystalline material and is substantially transparent to low-energy x-rays. The coating layer is non-porous, covers the crystal grains at the surface of the substrate and extends into the grain boundaries therebetween, such that the coating layer forms an impermeable barrier between the substrate and the external environment. 1. A window member for separating an internal environment of an x-ray device from an environment external to the x-ray device , the window member comprising a substrate and a coating layer disposed upon a surface of the substrate , wherein:the substrate is formed from a polycrystalline material and is substantially transparent to low-energy x-rays; andthe coating layer is non-porous, covers the crystal grains at the surface of the substrate and extends into the grain boundaries therebetween, such that the coating layer forms an impermeable barrier between the substrate and the external environment.2. A window member according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer extends into the grain boundaries to a depth of at least 100 nm below the surface.3. A window member according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer extends into each grain of the boundaries to a depth at which the spacing between the grains at the boundary is the atomic scale.4. A window member according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer forms a continuous film having a uniform thickness and covering the surface of the substrate.5. A window member according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the coating layer is less than 200 nm.6. A window member according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer conforms to the surface profile of the substrate as defined by the crystal grains and grain boundaries.7. A ...

Insulation-free lead wires for compact fluorescent lamps

Devices and methods relating to insulation-free lead wires in compact fluorescent lamps are provided. For example, there is provided a compact fluorescent lamp including at least two lead wires. Each of the lead wires can be connected to a respective cathode of a respective discharge tube. The compact fluorescent lamp further includes a ballast circuit. The lead wires are isolated from one another without any insulation.

Electric lamp and assembling method therefore

An electric lamp ( 1 ) comprising a gastight lamp vessel ( 3 ) mounted on a base ( 19 ). The lamp vessel is surrounded by a sleeve ( 25 ) having an open end ( 28 ), the base is connected at the open end of the sleeve. An essentially tubular shaped connection part connects the base to the sleeve without the use of cement. There to the sleeve extends through a first opening ( 32 ) of the connection part and engages with a radially, outwardly bulging portion ( 29 ) a radially, inwardly extending portion ( 31 ) of the connection part. The base extends through a second opening ( 33 ) of the connection part opposite to the first opening and is fixed to the connection part without cement.

Processor-based induction rf fluorescent lamp

A processor controlled induction RF fluorescent lamp that is able to replace an ordinary incandescent lamp, both in its ability to screw into a standard incandescent light lamp socket and to have the general look and size of the ordinary incandescent light lamp, but with all of the advantages of an induction lamp, as described herein. The present disclosure describes the utilization of a control processor to facilitate an electronics packing density that enables the electronic ballast to be packed within the dimensions of an ordinary incandescent light lamp.

Dimmable high frequency induction rf fluorescent lamp

A dimmable high frequency induction RF fluorescent lamp, comprising a bulbous vitreous portion filled with a working gas mixture, a power coupler comprising at least one winding of an electrical conductor for receiving an alternating voltage, and an electronic ballast providing appropriate voltage and current to the power coupler and operating at a frequency greater than 5 MHz, wherein the electronic ballast comprises a dimming facility for dimming the lamp from an external dimming device.

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Methods and systems are described for processing cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials into useful intermediates and products, such as energy and fuels. For example, conveying systems and methods, such as highly efficient vibratory conveyors, are described for the processing of the cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. 1. A method comprising:depositing a biomass material, in particulate form, on a trough of a vibratory conveyor;vibrating the vibratory conveyor and cooling the biomass material, while conveying the biomass material; andexposing the biomass material on the vibratory conveyor to ionizing radiation in the form of at least one electron beam through at least one corresponding opening in the conveyor cover.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein cooling the biomass material comprises cooling the trough.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising comminuting the biomass prior to exposing the biomass to the ionizing radiation.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein comminuting is selected from the group consisting of shearing claim 3 , chopping claim 3 , grinding claim 3 , hammermilling and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein comminuting produces a biomass material with particles claim 3 , and more than 80% of the particles have at least one dimension that is less than about 0.25 inches.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein comminuting produces a biomass material with particles claim 3 , and no more than 5% of the particles are less than 0.03 inches in their greatest dimension.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is irradiated with 10 to 200 Mrad of radiation.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is exposed to more than one dose of radiation utilizing multiple accelerating heads to expose the biomass to a plurality of scanning electron beams while the biomass is being conveyed on the vibratory conveyor claim 1 , each scanning electron beam being delivered through a corresponding opening in the cover.9. The method of claim 1 ...

TREATING BIOMASS

Methods and systems are described for processing cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials and useful intermediates and products, such as energy and fuels. For example, irradiating methods and systems are described to aid in the processing of the cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. The electron beam accelerator has multiple windows foils and these foils are cooled with cooling gas. In one configuration a secondary foil is integral to the electron beam accelerator and in another configuration the secondary foil is part of the enclosure for the biomass conveying system. 1. A method of producing a treated biomass material , the method comprising:irradiating a biomass material by passing an electron beam through multiple windows into the biomass material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the windows is in the form of a metallic foil.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein irradiating the biomass material reduces the recalcitrance of the biomass material.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multiple window foils comprise a system of gas cooled window foils whereina primary single-type window foil communicates with a high vacuum side of a scanning horn of an electron beam accelerator anda secondary single-type window foil is positioned on an atmospheric side of the scanning horn.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the system of gas cooled window foils define a gap between the primary and secondary window anda first flow path providing cooling to the primary window foil;a second flow path providing cooling to the secondary window foil.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the system of gas cooled window foils further comprises where both the primary window foil and the secondary window foil are part of the scanning horn of the electron beam accelerator claim 5 , whereat least one inlet, which allows a cooling gas to enter the gap defined between the primary and the secondary window andat least one outlet, to extract cooling gases from the gap defined between ...

Lamp device, exposure apparatus, and method of manufacturing article

The present invention provides a lamp device comprising: a glass tube configured to cover a discharge space in which a pair of electrodes are arranged so as to face each other; and a bayonet cap portion provided in an end portion of the glass tube and electrically connected to one electrode of the pair of electrodes, wherein the bayonet cap portion is formed to have a shape including a bottom surface and a peripheral surface, and includes, in the bottom surface, a first opening configured to supply a gas to an inside of the bayonet cap portion and a second opening configured to exhaust the gas from the inside of the bayonet cap portion.

LED LIGHTING DEVICE HAVING AN IMPROVED LED HOLDER

A lighting device comprises a holder for LED filaments. The holder has a first electrically conductive holding structure and a second electrically conductive holding structure. Each holding structure comprises an essentially longitudinal connection section and an attachment section essentially perpendicular to the connection section. 1. A lighting device comprising a translucent bulb , a base having at least two electrical contacts , and a light engine arranged inside the bulb , the light engine comprising one or more LED filaments attached to a holder , the holder having a first holding structure that is electrically conductive and a second holding structure that is electrically conductive , wherein each LED filament is connected with a first end to the first holding structure and with a second end to the second holding structure , wherein the first holding structure is connected to a first electrical contact of the base and the second holding structure is connected to a second electrical contact of the base , characterized in that the first holding structure and the second holding structure each comprises an essentially longitudinal connection section and an attachment section essentially perpendicular to the connection section.2. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the attachment section of the first holding structure and the attachment section of the second holding structure has a circular or a polygonal circumference.3. The lighting device according claim 1 , wherein at least one of the connection section of the first holding structure and the connection section of the second holding structure has the shape of a straight line.4. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein for at least one of the first holding structure and the second holding structure claim 1 , the connection section is connected to the respective attachment section by a radial section.5. The lighting device according to claim 4 , wherein the radial section ...

REPELLER, CATHODE, CHAMBER WALL AND SLIT MEMBER FOR ION IMPLANTER AND ION GENERATING DEVICES INCLUDING THE SAME

Provided are elements for an ion implanter and an ion generating device including the same. The elements include a repeller, a cathode, a chamber wall, and a slit member constituting an arc chamber of an ion generating device for ion implantation used in the fabrication of a semiconductor device. A coating structure including a semicarbide layer is provided to each of the elements in order to stabilize the element against thermal deformation, protect the element from wear, and prevent a deposition product from being peeled off. The coating structure enables precise ion implantation without a change in the position of ion generation or distortion of the equipment. The coating structure allows electrons to be uniformly reflected into the arc chamber to increase the uniformity of plasma, resulting in an improvement in the dissociation efficiency of an ion source gas. The coating structure significantly improves the service life of the element compared to those of existing elements. Also provided are ion generating devices including the elements. 1. A chamber wall mounted inside an arc chamber of an ion generating device for an ion implanter to define a space where ions are generated wherein the chamber wall covers four sides of the arc chamber and its portion corresponding to at least one of the four sides of the arc chamber has a refractory metal material as a base material forming its shape and has a coating structure comprising a semicarbide layer on at least one surface of the base material.2. The chamber wall according to claim 1 , wherein the coating structure comprising a semicarbide layer comprises a refractory metal carbide structure in which a continuous or discontinuous refractory metal monocarbide layer is layered on a continuous or discontinuous refractory metal semicarbide layer.3. The chamber wall according to claim 1 , wherein the coating structure comprising a semicarbide layer comprises a refractory metal carbide structure in which a continuous or ...

LAMP COMPRISING MULTIPLE COMPONENT DESIGNS AND CONSTRUCTIONS

The present invention provides a bulb (′) an excitation chamber (′) a ferrite core (′), a spool (); an assembly or subassembly of such components, and a lamp () for producing electromagnetic radiation, such as in the light spectrum, UV or IR. 154-. (canceled)55. An excitation chamber assembly for an electrodeless electromagnetic radiation source or lamp , said excitation chamber assembly including an excitation chamber which is formed from a generally U-shaped tube which has ends which are adapted to be joined to ends of a tubular lamp bulb;a flange which connects to said generally U-shaped tube or said tubular lamp bulb when joined to said generally U-shaped tube;said excitation chamber assembly including an amalgam housing which is connected to said generally U-shaped tube;said excitation chamber assembly including or adapted to include an electromagnetic circuit which when activated will create an inductively coupled plasma in said excitation chamber and said tubular lamp bulb when joined; andsaid flange adapted to provide thermal isolation of said electromagnetic circuit when present and the amalgam housing from electromagnetic radiation which will be generated from the tubular lamp bulb.56. An excitation chamber assembly as claimed in claim 55 , wherein there is also included one or a combination of two or more of the following features: an electromagnetic core which is part of said electromagnetic circuit when assembled; a field coil which is part of said electromagnetic circuit when assembled; a thermal barrier coating; a graphene coating on the outside of said excitation chamber; the outside of the U-shaped tube is coated with graphene.57. An excitation chamber assembly as claimed in claim 55 , wherein said electromagnetic circuit when present and activated is a toroidal dipole magnetic circuit with a centrally located field coil or coils.58. An excitation chamber assembly as claimed in claim 55 , wherein said electromagnetic circuit when present utilises a ...

LIGHT SOURCE

An LER LUWPL source luminaire having a magnetron heat conductingly mounted below a finned heat dissipater with a suspension eye. The magnetron is attached to a microwave transition and a lucent crucible. An imperforate cover extends down from the heat dissipater and is closed by a transparent screen, held by a moulding. A generally square shaped moulding supports a polished-sheet-metal reflector (having four triangular faces, pyramidally arranged, with a square base embodied by a rim supported on the top of the screen above the moulding) extending back to the lucent crucible, with its reflective surfaces obliquely facing both the crucible and the screen for reflection of light from the crucible out of the luminaire via the screen. The faces converge to a virtual apex, on the central axis of the lucent crucible. This axis is coincident with the pyramid's normal axis from the apex to the centre of the base. 2. (canceled)3. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 1 , wherein the closed void is positioned at between 15% and 30% of the distance from the apex of the pyramid to its base.4. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 3 , wherein the closed void is positioned at approximately 20% of the distance from the apex of the pyramid to its base.5. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 1 , wherein the reflective surfaces are planar.6. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 1 , wherein the reflective surfaces are curved.7. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 6 , wherein the reflective surfaces splay out with a greater angle to the axis further from the apex.8. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 4 , wherein the reflective surfaces are arranged at between 40° and 50° to the central axis.9. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 8 , wherein the reflective surfaces are arranged at substantially 45° to the central axis.10. A LUWPL source luminaire according to claim 1 , wherein the pyramid has a square base.11. A LUWPL source luminaire ...

GROUND CONNECTION TO A LAMP HOUSING

A lamp () is described comprising a burner () fixed to a lamp base (). The lamp base () comprises a metal housing part (). The metal housing part () comprises a contact sheet element () made out of a different metal material. Electrical contacts are provided within the base (), including an electrical ground contact (). A contact spring () is provided for contacting the electrical ground contact () to the metal housing part (). The contact spring () is arranged to press against the contact sheet element () to provide electrical ground connection to the metal housing part (). 1. Lamp comprisinga burner fixed to a lamp base,where the lamp base comprises at least a metal housing part, said metal housing part comprising a contact sheet element made out of a metal material different from the material of said metal housing part,and where electrical contacts are provided within said base, said electrical contacts comprising an electrical ground contact, wherein a contact spring is provided for contacting said electrical ground contact to said metal housing part,where said contact spring is arranged to press against said contact sheet element to provide electrical ground connection to said metal housing part.2. Lamp according to claim 1 , wheresaid contact sheet element and said metal housing part are flat elements provided with their surfaces on top of each other.3. Lamp according to claim 1 , wheresaid contact sheet element and said metal housing part are connected by a deformation of both, thereby mechanically locking said contact sheet element and said metal housing part.4. Lamp according to claim 3 , wheresaid contact sheet element and said metal housing part are connected by a crimping or riveting connection.5. Lamp according to claim 1 , wheresaid metal housing part comprises at least a top surface of said base oriented towards said burner,said burner comprising a burner holding element fixed to said metal housing part by a deformation of said metal housing part and ...

Reflector Lamp

In various embodiments, a reflector lamp having a longitudinal axis is provided. The reflector lamp may include: a reflector which has a contour and a neck, with a pin base resting at the end of said neck, a light source arranged in the reflector, wherein the light source is fastened in the reflector with the aid of a mounting clip, which simultaneously adjusts the light source, wherein the mounting clip comprises three sections, namely a first section which holds the light source, a second section which serves for the adjustment in the neck and a third section which is used for the base connection.

Liquid Crystal Polymer for Mounting X-ray Window

An x-ray window can include an adhesive layer sandwiched between and providing a hermetic seal between a thin film and a housing. The adhesive layer can include liquid crystal polymer. The liquid crystal polymer can be opaque, gas-tight, made of low atomic number elements, able to withstand high temperature, low outgassing, low leakage, able to relieve stress in the x-ray window thin film, capable of bonding to many different materials, or combinations thereof. 1. A method of making an x-ray window , the method comprising:placing a liquid crystal polymer between a thin film and a housing, the liquid crystal polymer being thermotropic, and the liquid crystal polymer includes an aromatic polyester;pressing the thin film and the housing towards each other and towards the liquid crystal polymer sandwiched between them; andheating the x-ray window.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein heating the x-ray window includes heating to a temperature of ≥250° C. and ≤500° C.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein heating the x-ray window includes maintaining the x-ray window at the temperature for a time of ≥30 minutes and ≤6 hours.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thin film and the housing are pressed towards each other and towards the liquid crystal polymer with a pressure of ≥1 KPa and ≤50 KPa.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thin film and the housing are pressed towards each other and towards the liquid crystal polymer with a pressure of ≥1 KPa.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein weight loss of the liquid crystal polymer claim 1 , prior to placing the liquid crystal polymer between the thin film and the housing claim 1 , is ≤1% at a temperature of 225° C. during a 24 hour period.7. A method of making an x-ray window claim 1 , the method comprising:placing a liquid crystal polymer between a thin film and a housing, the liquid crystal polymer includes an aromatic polyester;pressing the thin film and the housing towards each other and towards the liquid crystal polymer ...

MICRO DISCHARGE DEVICES, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS

Micro discharge devices, methods, and systems are described herein. One device includes a non-conductive material, a channel through at least a portion of the non-conductive material having a first open end and a second open end, a first electrode proximate to a first circumferential position of the channel between the first open end and the second open end, a second electrode proximate to a second circumferential position of the channel between the first open end and the second open end, a discharge region defined by a portion of the channel between the first electrode and the second electrode, an optical emission collector positioned to receive an optical emission from the discharge regionand a discharge shielding component between the discharge region and the optical emission collector. 1. A micro discharge device , comprising:a non-conductive material;a channel through at least a portion of the non-conductive material having a first open end and a second open end;a first electrode proximate to a first circumferential position of the channel between the first open end and the second open end;a second electrode proximate to a second circumferential position of he channel between the first open end and the second open end;a discharge region defined by a portion of the channel between the first electrode and the second electrode;an optical emission collector positioned to receive an optical emission from the discharge region; anda discharge shielding component between the discharge region and the optical emission collector.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first open end is on a first face of the non-conductive material and the second open end is on a second face of the non-conductive material claim 1 , and wherein the first face opposes the second face.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first open end and the second open end are on a same face of the non-conductive material.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein a longitudinal axis of the optical emission ...

PREPARATION OF A QUARTZ GLASS BODY

One aspect relates to a process for the preparation of a quartz glass body including: i.) providing a silicon dioxide granulate, ii.) making a first glass melt out of the silicon dioxide granulate, iii.) making a glass product out of at least one part of the glass melt, iv.) reducing the size of the glass product to obtain a quartz glass grain, v.) making a further glass melt from the quartz glass grain and vi.) making a quartz glass body out of at least one part of the further glass melt. Furthermore, one aspect relates to a quartz glass body obtainable by this process. Furthermore, one aspect relates to a reactor, which is obtainable by further processing of the quartz glass body. 118-. (canceled)19. A process for the preparation of a quartz glass body comprising: I. providing a pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide powder; and', 'II. processing the silicon dioxide powder to the silicon dioxide granulate, wherein the silicon dioxide granulate has a greater particle diameter than the silicon dioxide powder;, 'i.) providing a silicon dioxide granulate comprisingii.) making a first glass melt out of the silicon dioxide granulate;iii.) making a glass product out of at least one part of the first glass melt;iv.) reducing the size of the glass product to obtain a quartz glass grain;v.) making a further glass melt from the quartz glass grain; andvi.) making the quartz glass body out of at least one part of the further glass melt.20. The process according to claim 19 , wherein the glass product has at least one of the following features:A] a transmission of more than 0.3, particularly preferably of more than 0.5;B] a blistering in the range from 5 to 5000 based on 1 kg of the glass product;C] an average bubble size in a range from 0.5 to 10 mm;{'sup': '2', 'D] a BET surface area of less than 1 m/g;'}{'sup': '3', 'E] a density in a range from 2.1 to 2.3 g/cm;'}F] a carbon content of less than 5 ppm;G] a total metal content of metals different to aluminium of less than ...

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Methods and systems are described for processing cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials into useful intermediates and products, such as energy and fuels. For example, conveying systems and methods, such as highly efficient vibratory conveyors, are described for the processing of the cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. 1. A method comprising:depositing a controlled stream of a biomass material, in particulate form, on a trough of a vibratory conveyor having a cover, using a spreader, the biomass material covering only a portion of a width of the trough;vibrating the vibratory conveyor, while conveying the biomass material a distance such that the biomass material spreads out to cover substantially the entire width of the trough; and thenexposing the biomass material on the vibratory conveyor to ionizing radiation in the form of a scanning electron beam through an opening in the conveyor cover.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising comminuting the biomass prior to exposing the biomass to the ionizing radiation.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein comminuting is selected from the group consisting of shearing claim 2 , chopping claim 2 , grinding claim 2 , hammermilling and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein comminuting produces a biomass material with particles claim 2 , and more than 80% of the particles have at least one dimension that is less than about 0.25 inches.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein comminuting produces a biomass material with particles claim 2 , and no more than 5% of the particles are less than 0.03 inches in their greatest dimension.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is irradiated with 10 to 200 Mrad of radiation.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is exposed to more than one dose of radiation.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the biomass is exposed to a plurality of scanning electron beams while being conveyed on the vibratory conveyor.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass ...

High voltage vacuum feedthrough

A feedthrough for providing an electrical connection is provided. The feedthrough comprises a conductor and a quartz or a glass structure configured to surround at least a portion of the conductor and provide isolation to the conductor. The conductor and the quartz or glass structure may be coaxially arranged. The feedthrough can provide an electrical connection between an inside and outside of a vacuum chamber that contains a sample.

INTEGRATED DEVICE HAVING GDT AND MOV FUNCTIONALITIES

Integrated device having GDT and MOV functionalities. In some embodiments, an electrical device can include a first layer and a second layer joined with an interface, with each having an outer surface and an inner surface, such that the inner surfaces of the first and second layers define a sealed chamber therebetween. The electrical device can further include an outer electrode implemented on the outer surface of each of the first and second layers, and an inner electrode implemented on the inner surface of each of the first and second layers. The first layer can include a metal oxide material such that the first outer electrode, the first layer, and the first inner electrode provide a metal oxide varistor (MOV) functionality, and the first inner electrode, the second inner electrode, and the sealed chamber provide a gas discharge tube (GDT) functionality. 1. An electrical device comprising:a first layer and a second layer joined with an interface that includes a glass seal, each layer having an outer surface and an inner surface, such that the inner surfaces of the first and second layers and the interface define a sealed chamber enclosing a gas therein;an outer electrode implemented on the outer surface of each of the first and second layers;an inner electrode implemented on the inner surface of each of the first and second layers; andwherein the first layer includes a metal oxide material such that the first outer electrode, the first layer and the first inner electrode form a first metal oxide varistor (MOV), and the first inner electrode, the second inner electrode and the sealed chamber with the gas form a gas discharge tube (GDT).2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. The electrical device of claim 1 , wherein the second layer includes a metal oxide material such that the second inner electrode claim 1 , the second layer and the second outer electrode form a second MOV claim 1 , such that the electrical device ...

Method for manufacturing radiation window and a radiation window

For manufacturing a radiation window for an X-ray measurement apparatus, an etch stop layer is first produced on a polished surface of a carrier. A thin film deposition technique is used to produce a boron carbide layer on an opposite side of the etch stop layer than the carrier. The combined structure including the carrier, the etch stop layer, and the boron carbide layer is attached to a region around an opening in a support structure with the boron carbide layer facing the support structure. The middle area of carrier is etched away, leaving an additional support structure.

Hermetic glass-to-metal seal reinforced with a ceramic disc to prevent crack propagation

A glass-to-metal seal assembly for electrical components. The glass-to-metal seal assembly provides ceramic washers that sandwiches the glass portion of the glass-to-metal seals. The ceramic washer encases the glass seal, thereby reinforcing the glass surface against crack propagation and the formation of a fragile glass meniscus at the interface of the glass seal and the encased electrical component. The ceramic washers may have a coefficient of thermal expansion that closely matches the coefficient of thermal expansion all of the other components of the assembly.

RADIATION GENERATING TUBE, RADIATION GENERATING APPARATUS, RADIOGRAPHY SYSTEM AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to a radiation generating tube. The radiation generating tube includes an envelope including an insulating tubular member having at least two openings, a cathode connected to one of the openings of the insulating tubular member, and an anode connected to the other of the openings of the insulating tubular member. At least one of the cathode and the anode and the insulating tubular member are bonded at a bonded portion with an electrically conductive bonding member; and the bonded portion bonded with the electrically conductive bonding member is coated with a dielectric layer. 1. A radiation generating apparatus comprising: an envelope including an insulating tube having a pair of tube ends, a cathode connected to one of the pair of tube ends, and an anode connected to the other of the pair of tube end;', 'an electron emitting source connected to the cathode;', 'a target connected to the anode; and', 'a conductive bonding member bonded between the insulating tube and at least any one of the cathode and the anode;, 'a radiation generating tube includinga conductive container grounded and accommodating the radiation generating tube;insulating liquid filled in a rest space between the conductive container and the radiation generating tube; anda dielectric member located outside of the insulating tube in the conductive container,wherein the dielectric member and the insulating liquid are located between the conductive bonding member and the conductive container.2. The radiation generating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the dielectric member relaxes electric field concentration at a bonded region bonded between the insulting tube and at least any one of the cathode and the anode via the conductive bonding member.3. The radiation generating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive bonding member is shaped annularly and the dielectric member is shaped annularly.4. The radiation generating apparatus according to claim 1 ...

ELECTRON BEAM EMITTER

Electron beam emitter, in particular for sterilization of packaging material, comprising a housing and an insert, wherein the housing comprises a first annular channel for guiding a medium, and wherein the first annular channel at least partially surrounds the insert and is adapted to provide the medium, characterized in that the first annular channel is at least partly formed by the insert. 1. Electron beam emitter , in particular for sterilization of packaging material ,comprising a housing and an insert,wherein the housing comprises a first annular channel for guiding a medium, andwherein the first annular channel at least partially surrounds the insert and is adapted to provide the medium,the first annular channel being at least partly formed by the insert.226. Electron beam emitter according to claim 1 , wherein the insert is adapted to form part of an electron exit window ().3. Electron beam emitter according to claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a first body and a second body claim 1 , wherein the first body comprises a cathode housing and a filament claim 1 , and wherein the insert is arranged at the second body.4. Electron beam emitter according to claim 1 ,wherein the insert comprises a support structure and a wall structure,wherein the wall structure forms at least partly the first annular channel.5. Electron beam emitter according to claim 1 , wherein the insert comprises a support structure claim 1 , wherein the electron beam emitter comprises a foil element claim 1 , and wherein the foil element is arranged to be supported by the support structure.6. Electron beam emitter according to claim 1 , wherein the insert comprises a partition wall claim 1 , wherein the partition wall forms at least partly a second annular channel.7. Electron beam emitter according to claim 6 , wherein the insert comprises at least one opening claim 6 , and wherein the at least one opening is adapted to provide a connection between an internal space of the housing and the ...

High Voltage High Current Vacuum Integrated Circuit

A high voltage, high current vacuum integrated circuit includes a common vacuum enclosure that includes at least two cold-cathode field emission electron tubes, and contains at least one internal vacuum pumping means, at least one exhaust tubulation, vacuum-sealed electrically-insulated feedthroughs, and internal electrical insulation. The cold-cathode field emission electron tubes are configured to operate at high voltage and high current and interconnected with each other to implement a circuit function. 1. A high voltage high current vacuum integrated circuit , comprising a common vacuum enclosure containing:a) at least one internal vacuum pumping means;b) at least one exhaust tubulation for evacuating said vacuum enclosure and subsequently sealing and separating said vacuum enclosure from at least one external vacuum pump;c) vacuum-sealed electrically-insulated feedthroughs passing electrical conductors from outside the vacuum enclosure to inside the enclosure while electrically insulating the electrical conductors from the vacuum enclosure and maintaining the vacuum seal; andd) internal electrical insulation for preventing internal electrical short circuits; ande) at least two cold-cathode field emission electron tubes, said tubes being configured to operate at high voltage and high current and being interconnected with each other to implement a circuit function.2. The vacuum integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum enclosure is provided with one or more magnetic shields for preventing deleterious interference with the respective electron beams within said electron tubes arising from magnetic fields external to the vacuum enclosure.3. The vacuum integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum enclosure is provided with one or more internal magnetic shields for preventing deleterious interference within said electron tubes from magnetic fields produced by one or more of said recited electron tubes or from other electrical components within said ...

WINDOW MEMBER FOR AN X-RAY DEVICE

A window member for separating an internal environment of an x-ray device from an environment external to the x-ray device is provided. The window member comprises a substrate and a coating layer disposed upon a surface of the substrate. The substrate is formed from a polycrystalline material and is substantially transparent to low-energy x-rays. The coating layer is non-porous, covers the crystal grains at the surface of the substrate and extends into the grain boundaries therebetween, such that the coating layer forms an impermeable barrier between the substrate and the external environment. 1. A method for forming a window member for separating an internal environment of an x-ray device from an environment external to the x-ray device , the method comprising:providing a window member comprising a substrate and a coating layer disposed upon a surface of the substrate by way of atomic layer deposition, wherein:the substrate is formed from a polycrystalline material and is substantially transparent to low-energy x-rays; andthe coating layer is non-porous, covers the crystal grains at the surface of the substrate and extends into the grain boundaries therebetween, such that the coating layer forms an impermeable barrier between the substrate and the external environment.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer extends into the grain boundaries to a depth of at least 100 nm below the surface.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer extends into each grain of the boundaries to a depth at which the spacing between the grains at the boundary is the atomic scale.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer forms a continuous film having a uniform thickness and covering the surface of the substrate.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the coating layer is less than 200 nm.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating layer conforms to the surface profile of the substrate as defined by ...

Liquid Crystal Polymer for Mounting X-ray Window

An x-ray window can include an adhesive layer sandwiched between and providing a hermetic seal between a thin film and a housing. The adhesive layer can include liquid crystal polymer. The liquid crystal polymer can be opaque, gas-tight, made of low atomic number elements, able to withstand high temperature, low outgassing, low leakage, able to relieve stress in the x-ray window thin film, capable of bonding to many different materials, or combinations thereof. 1. An x-ray window comprising:a thin film configured for transmission of x-rays;a housing;an adhesive layer sandwiched between and providing a hermetic seal between the thin film and the housing, the adhesive layer including a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer.2. The x-ray window of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal polymer includes 6-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde.3. The x-ray window of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal polymer includes 4 claim 1 ,4′-biphenol.4. The x-ray window of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal polymer includes ethane-1 claim 1 ,2-diol.5. The x-ray window of claim 1 , wherein:the adhesive layer is a proximal adhesive layer, the x-ray window further comprising a distal adhesive layer;the distal adhesive layer comprises liquid crystal polymer; andthe thin film is sandwiched between the proximal adhesive layer and the distal adhesive layer.6. The x-ray window of claim 5 , further comprising:a ring located at an opposite side of the distal adhesive layer from the thin film, the ring being metallic; andthe proximal adhesive layer, the thin film, and the distal adhesive layer sandwiched between the ring and the housing.7. The x-ray window of claim 1 , further comprising:a ribbed support structure sandwiched between the thin film and the adhesive layer;the thin film and the ribbed support structure extending across an aperture of the housing;the ribbed support structure provides structural support to the thin film across the aperture; andviscosity of the liquid crystal polymer is ≥100,000 ...

LED FILAMENT LIGHT SOURCE AND LAMP

A lighting device comprises a holder for LED filaments. The holder has a first electrically conductive holding structure and a second electrically conductive holding structure. Each holding structure comprises an essentially longitudinal connection section and an attachment section essentially perpendicular to the connection section. 1. A light engine comprising:at least one light-emitting diode (LED) filament; and a first electrically conductive holding structure having a first attachment section of generally annular shape that is connected with a first end of the at least one LED filament, wherein the first holding structure is configured to be connected with a first electrical contact to provide power to the at least one LED filament; and', 'a second electrically conductive holding structure having a second attachment section of generally annular shape that is connected with a second end of the at least one LED filament, wherein the second holding structure is configured to be connected with a second electrical contact to provide power to the at least one LED filament;', 'wherein the first holding structure and the second holding structure are electrically isolated from each other., 'a holder comprising2. The light engine of claim 1 , wherein in being of generally annular shape claim 1 , at least one of the first attachment section and the second attachment section has a closed-curve geometry.3. The light engine of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first attachment section and the second attachment section has a circular or elliptical geometry.4. The light engine of claim 1 , wherein in being of generally annular shape claim 1 , at least one of the first attachment section and the second attachment section has a polygonal geometry.5. The light engine of claim 1 , wherein the first attachment section is of lesser diameter or width than the second attachment section.6. The light engine of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first holding structure and the ...

HIGH VOLTAGE VACUUM FEEDTHROUGH

A feedthrough for providing an electrical connection is provided. The feedthrough comprises a conductor and a quartz or a glass structure configured to surround at least a portion of the conductor and provide isolation to the conductor. The conductor and the quartz or glass structure may be coaxially arranged. The feedthrough can provide an electrical connection between an inside and outside of a vacuum chamber that contains a sample. 1. A feedthrough for providing an electrical connection , comprising:a conductor; anda quartz structure configured to surround at least a portion of the conductor, configured to provide isolation to the conductor, and configured to extend a distance beyond an internal wall of a vacuum chamber to prevent a discharge between the conductor and a component inside the vacuum chamber.2. The feedthrough of claim 1 , wherein the conductor and the quartz structure are coaxially arranged claim 1 , wherein the component is the vacuum chamber claim 1 , and wherein the distance is greater than or equal to one centimeter.3. The feedthrough of claim 1 , wherein the conductor comprises a plurality of conductors claim 1 , and wherein the distance is determined to prevent a discharge between the conductor and the component when the vacuum chamber is holding a vacuum.4. The feedthrough of claim 3 , wherein the conductor comprises a plurality of conductors of a printed circuit board.5. The feedthrough of at least one of claim 1 , wherein at least one end of the quartz structure has a recess and an angle of the recess is ranged between 35-65°.6. The feedthrough of claim 1 , further comprising an adhesion layer that is disposed between the conductor and the quartz structure and attaches the conductor to the quartz structure in an airtight manner.7. The feedthrough of claim 1 , wherein the conductor further comprises:a first connector that is disposed at a first end of the conductor and connects the conductor to a power supply; anda second connector that is ...

Lamp Socket

A lamp socket includes a first socket portion, a second socket portion, and a neck portion joining the first and the second socket portions. The first socket portion defines a first cylindrical volume proximate to an open end of the lamp socket. The second socket portion is concentric with the first socket portion and defines a second cylindrical volume distal from the open end of the lamp socket. The second socket portion has a smaller diameter than the first socket portion.

Method for Manufacturing a Multilayer Radiation Window and a Multilayer Radiation Window

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multilayer radiation window for an X-ray measurement apparatus. The method comprises: producing a gas diffusion stop layer made of silicon nitride on a polished surface of a carrier; producing at least one combined layer on an opposite side of said gas diffusion stop layer than said carrier; attaching the combined structure comprising said carrier, said gas diffusion stop layer, said at least one combined layer to a region around an opening in a support structure with the at least one combined layer facing said support structure; and etching away said carrier. The at least one combined layer comprises: a light attenuation layer made of aluminium, and a strengthening layer. The invention relates also a radiation window manufactured with the method.

Electron Beam 3D Printing Machine

An electron beam 3D printing machine ( 1 ), comprising a chamber ( 2 ) for generating and accelerating an electron beam and an operating chamber ( 3 ) in which a metal powder is melted, with the consequent production of a three-dimensional product. The chamber ( 2 ) for generating and accelerating an electron beam houses means ( 4 ) for generating an electron beam and means ( 6 ) for accelerating the generated electron beam, while the operating chamber ( 3 ) houses at least one platform ( 16 ) for depositing the metal powder, metal powder handling means ( 18 ) and electron beam deflection means ( 15 ). The accelerator means for the generated electron beam comprise a series of resonant cavities fed with an alternating signal.

ADAPTER CONVERTING CFL BASE TO MEDIUM BASE OR OTHER SOCKETS MADE IN THE LIGHTING/ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES

The present invention is an adapter with a first section having a base with standard compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) bi/quad pins formed thereon. A second section of the adapter has a socket for receiving an incandescent bulb, an LED bulb or other types of base sockets. The socket has a vertical telescoping section to allow the bulb to move relative to the base. A second embodiment of the invention has the socket positioned at a 90 degree angle relative to the base, and further having a knuckle and a horizontal telescoping section allowing the bulb to be repositioned when the adapter is used in recess housing. Additional embodiments utilize an electric pigtail in communication with the base to mount to a variety of lighting fixtures. 1. An adapter for converting compact fluorescent lamp base , comprising in combination:a base having a first end and a second end, whereby compact fluorescent lamp pins are integrally formed on an outer wall of the base at the first end;a socket having an inner surface, an outer surface, a first end and a second end, whereby the first end of the socket is electronically connected to the second end of the base, and the inner surface of the second end of the socket is configured to receive outwardly threaded light bulbs;a first support member having a clip comprised of hooked end and a shank depending from the hooked end, and springs with a first end attached to the shank, with a second end affixed to the outer surface of the socket; anda second support member having a clip comprised of hooked end and a shank depending from the hooked end, and springs with a first end attached to the shank, with a second end affixed to the outer surface of the socket opposed the first support member.2. The adapter as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising an extendable telescoping section having a first end affixed to the second end of the base and a second end affixed to the first end of the socket.3. An adapter for converting compact fluorescent lamp ...

HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-STRESS SUPPORT STRUCTURE WITH MEMBRANE

A support structure for a membrane comprises a plurality of support members and at least one flange, including: (a) a first set of spoke-like support members that extend generally from at least one flange toward a common hub and that have a distal end joined to at least one flange and a proximal end joined to the common hub; and (b) at least one subsequent set of spoke-like support members that are distributed between circumferentially adjacent pairs of spoke-like support members from the prior sets and that extend generally from at least one flange toward the hub, each having a distal end joined to at least one flange and a proximal end connected to the nearest circumferentially adjacent pair of spoke-like support members from the prior sets via a pair of approximately straight anchoring support members which join together and form an angular joint at or near said proximal end, with the vertex of said angular joint pointing generally away from the hub. 1. A support structure for a membrane , said support structure comprising a plurality of support members and at least one flange , said plurality of support members comprising a plurality of sets of spoke-like support members including: (i) a distal end located farther from the hub and joined directly or indirectly to at least one flange; and', '(ii) a proximal end located nearer the hub and joined directly or indirectly to the proximal end of each other spoke-like support member of this first set;, '(a) a first set comprising a plurality of spoke-like support members that extend generally from at least one flange toward a common hub, each spoke-like support member of this first set comprising (i) a distal end located farther from the hub and joined directly or indirectly to at least one flange; and', '(ii) a proximal end located nearer the hub and connected to the nearest circumferentially adjacent pair of spoke-like support members from the prior sets via a pair of substantially straight anchoring support members, ...

XRF Analyzer with Separate Source and Detector Heat Sinks

An XRF analyzer can include an x-ray source and an x-ray detector; an x-ray source heat-sink adjacent a side of the x-ray source; and an x-ray detector heat-sink adjacent a side of the x-ray detector. In one embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by a material having a thermal conductivity of less than 20 W/(m*K). In another embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by at least 3 millimeters of a thermally insulating material. In one embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by a segment of the engine component casing. Separation of the heat sinks can help avoid heat from the x-ray source adversely affecting resolution of the x-ray detector.

Compact discharge lamp

Disclosed is a compact discharge lamp capable of preventing the heat from a discharge tube from damaging circuit elements of a stabilizer. The compact discharge lamp includes: the discharge tube having a structure that provides a stabilizer-accommodating space at the center thereof and including an electrode; a bulb base coupled to an end portion of the stabilizer housing; a stabilizer printed circuit board that is accommodated in the stabilizer housing and is provided with stabilizer circuit elements configured to initiate a discharge by being supplied with electric power from the bulb base and by supplying the electric power to the electrode; and a connection space-forming unit that provides a separate connection space near a circumferential surface of the stabilizer housing in order to electrically connect a stabilizer electric power line extending from the stabilizer printed circuit board with the electrode.

EXTRACTION STRUCTURE FOR A UV LAMP

The present invention generally relates to an extraction structure for a UV lighting element. The present invention also relates to a UV lamp comprising such an extraction structure onto a substrate. The extraction structure comprises a plurality of nanostructures for anti-reflecting purposes. The nanostructures are grown on the top surface of at least one of the first and second side of the substrate. 1. An extraction structure for a UV light source , comprising:a substrate at least partly transparent to UV light, the substrate having a first and a second side, the first side of the substrate arranged to face the UV light source and to receive UV light emitted by the UV light source; anda plurality of nanostructures applied onto a top surface of at least one of the first and the second side of the substrate, the plurality of nanostructures configured to reduce an amount of UV light reflected by the substrate.2. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of nanostructures are grown on the top surface of the at least one of the first and the second side of the substrate.3. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the top surface is non-structured.4. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the top surface is smooth.5. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the top surface is planar.6. The extraction structure according to claim 5 , wherein the top surface is planar as seen from a perspective of a single nanostructure.7. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is formed from a first material and the plurality of nanostructures are formed from a second material claim 1 , the first material being different from the second material.8. The extraction structure according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of nanostructures are formed at the top surface of the least one of the first and the second side of the substrate as an additional layer in relation to the substrate.9 ...

Processing materials

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. For example, systems and methods are described that can be used to treat feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, while cooling equipment and the biomass to prevent overheating and possible distortion and/or degradation. The biomass is conveyed by a conveyor, which conveys the biomass under an electron beam from an electron beam accelerator. The conveyor can be cooled with cooling fluid. The conveyor can also vibrate to facilitate exposure to the electron beam. The conveyor can be configured as a trough that can be optionally cooled.

Radiation generating tube and radiation generating apparatus

The present invention relates to a radiation generating tube. The radiation generating tube includes an envelope including an insulating tubular member having at least two openings, a cathode connected to one of the openings of the insulating tubular member, and an anode connected to the other of the openings of the insulating tubular member. At least one of the cathode and the anode and the insulating tubular member are bonded at a bonded portion with an electrically conductive bonding member; and the bonded portion bonded with the electrically conductive bonding member is coated with a dielectric layer.

Bi-pin LED light bulb and related methods

Disclosed are bi-pin LED lamps, like the GY6 lamp, that address the heat-dissipation problems associated with traditional LED light sources. 1. A bi-pin LED lamp that addresses the heat-dissipation problems associated with traditional LED light sources.2. The bi-pin LED lamp of further comprising:at least one copper plate featuring LED light sources and a cylindrical copper base with two pins;where said at least one plate is press-fit into the copper base so that the pins are electrically coupled to the LED light sources; and,where the press-fit interface of the copper base and the at least one plate defines a heat exchange interface.3. The bi-pin LED lamp of further wherein said at least one plate is two plates and wherein the plates are coupled via a halved joint defined by an interface and where the halved joint interface of the plates define a heat exchange interface.4. The bi-pin LED lamp of wherein heat generated during powering of the LED lamps is exchanged across the heat exchange interfaces and ultimately dissipated to the ambient environment through the surfaces of the base. This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Prov. Pat. App. Ser. No. 62/327,366 (filed Apr. 25, 2016) by Auroralight, Inc. for “Outdoor light, improved bi-pin LED light bulb, and related methods.” This provisional document is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.Not applicable.Not applicable.Not applicable.Reserved for a later date, if necessary.The disclosed subject matter is in the field of bi-pin light-emitting-diode (LED) lighting bulbs.An LED is a two-lead semiconductor light source. LEDs have become widespread for use in lighting applications because LEDs are favorably smaller in size, lower in power consumption, longer in life, and offer quicker response speeds than alternative incandescent or fluorescent light sources. Although better than alternative light sources, LEDs can be inefficient, wherein 40% to 85% of input power is converted to heat rather ...

X-Ray Tube Casing With Integral Heat Exchanger

An x-ray tube casing is provided which includes a housing having a heat exchanger integrally formed thereon in an additive manufacturing process. The additive manufacturing process allows for tight tolerances with regard to the structure for the casing and the internal passages of the heat exchanger to significantly reduce the size and weight of the casing. The casing additionally includes a fluid distribution manifold that effectively distributes the cooling fluid within the casing to more efficiently provide cooling to the x-ray tube insert disposed within the casing. 1. An x-ray tube casing for an x-ray tube insert , the casing comprising:a housing adapted to receive at least a portion of the x-ray tube insert therein, and;a heat exchanger including a number of fluid flow passages, the heat exchanger formed on an exterior surface of the housing,wherein the housing and the heat exchanger are formed in an additive manufacturing process.2. The x-ray tube casing of wherein the number of fluid flow passages include first fluid flow passages and second fluid flow passages.3. The x-ray tube casing of wherein first fluid flow passages and the second fluid flow passages are countercurrent to one another.4. The x-ray tube casing of wherein the first fluid flow passages and the second fluid flow passages have different dimensions claim 2 ,5. The x-ray tube casing of wherein one of the first or second fluid flow passages is in fluid communication with an interior space of the housing.6. The x-ray tube casing of further comprising a fluid distribution manifold disposed within an interior of the housing.7. The x-ray tube casing of wherein the manifold is integrally formed with the housing.8. The x-ray tube casing of wherein the housing includes an oil pump chamber formed on the exterior of the housing.9. The x-ray tube casing of wherein the oil pump housing is fluid communication with the number of fluid passages in the heat exchanger.10. The x-ray tube casing of further ...

INDUCTIVELY COUPLED DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE LAMP

A dielectric barrier discharge lamp assembly for a fluid treatment system. The lamp assembly can include an inductive secondary, first and second electrodes coupled to the inductive secondary, and a lamp including a dielectric barrier interposed between the first and second electrodes. The dielectric barrier can define a discharge chamber including a discharge gas, and one of the first and second electrodes can extend within the discharge chamber. The inductive secondary can be adapted to receive power from a nearby inductive primary to promote a dielectric barrier discharge in the discharge chamber. The resulting dielectric barrier discharge can generate ultraviolet light for the treatment of air or water, or for other applications. 1. A fluid treatment system comprising:a base station defining a fluid flow path and including:a water quality sensor adapted to provide an output based on a characteristic of water in the fluid flow path, a water flow rate sensor adapted to provide an output based on a flow rate of water in the fluid flow path, a primary coil adapted to generate a time-varying electromagnetic field and having a variable power output, and a controller adapted to control the power output of the primary coil based on the output of the water quality sensor and the output of the water flow rate sensor; anda lamp assembly configured to be received within the base station and including a secondary coil that is inductively coupled to the primary coil, the lamp assembly being adapted to radiate ultraviolet light for treatment of water in the fluid flow path in response to the time-varying electromagnetic field generated by the primary coil, the ultraviolet light having an intensity based, at least in part, on the power output of the primary coil.2. The fluid treatment system of wherein the controller is adapted to control the power output of the primary coil according to a formula.3. The fluid treatment system of wherein the controller is adapted to control the ...

Low Voltage Tube Circuits

A number of low voltage vacuum tube circuits include using supply voltages well below the manufacturer's recommended voltages applied to the plate or screen grid. Some of the tube circuits operate at near zero plate and or screen grid voltages. Other low voltage circuits have forward biasing on one or more grids that are normally biased at a non positive voltage or a grid that is normally connected a cathode. Substantially lower supply voltages allow for example, the filament supply to also supply voltage to the plate and or grid for providing an output signal at a grid and or a plate. 1. A low voltage tube circuit using a vacuum tube comprising:the vacuum tube including at least a cathode or heater terminal, a plate terminal, and at least a first grid terminal;a plate power supply;a load element which includes first and second terminals;coupling the cathode of the vacuum tube to ground, AC ground, or a voltage source;coupling the first terminal of a load element to the plate of the high voltage conventional vacuum tube;coupling a voltage source to the second terminal of the load element;coupling a first input signal to the first grid or to the cathode of the vacuum tube;wherein an output signal is provided at the plate of the vacuum tube when the plate power supply is provided at zero volt or nearly zero volts with respect to the cathode of the vacuum tube.2. The low voltage tube circuit of wherein the vacuum tube includes a one or more extra grids claim 1 , and wherein one or more extra grids is coupled to the plate of the high voltage conventional vacuum tube or wherein the more extra grids is coupled to a voltage source and or signal source.3. The low voltage tube circuit of wherein the input signal coupled to the first grid includes an AC signal and or a DC bias signal.4. The low voltage tube circuit of wherein the vacuum tube includes at least a second grid and wherein in the second grid is supplied with a positive voltage.5. The low voltage tube circuit of ...

Mounted X-ray Window

A mounted x-ray window can be strong and transmissive to x-rays, can have a hermetic seal, and can withstand high temperatures. The mounted x-ray window can include a film located on an inner-side of a flange of a housing and can be attached to the flange by a ring of elastic adhesive. The film can comprise silicon nitride. A method of mounting an x-ray window can include placing a ring of elastic adhesive on an inner-side of a flange of a housing, placing a film on the ring of elastic adhesive, and baking the housing, the ring of elastic adhesive, and the film.

UV BULB CONFIGURATION

A UV light and socket assembly having a pin and hole arrangement with a central pin and corresponding hole with peripheral pins and corresponding holes arranged approximately 120 degrees from each other from the central pin and opening. The light and socket assembly including a locating projection and corresponding locating opening that receives the projection that is positioned so as to be aligned with one of the peripheral pin and openings and the central pin and opening. 1. A UV light and socket assembly comprising:a UV light having an end casing with an circular end face, wherein the UV light has four pins, with a first pin located at a central axis of the end face and the remaining three pins being positioned about the periphery of the end face spaced approximately 120 degrees from each other wherein the end face includes a projection that is aligned with a line that extends through one of the peripheral pins and the central pin; anda socket that has an end face with four pin openings positioned to receive the four pins and a projection opening that is positioned to receive the projection.2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the four pin openings includes a central opening and three peripheral openings and wherein the pin openings are spaced about the periphery of the end face of the socket approximately 120 degrees from each other.3. The assembly of claim 2 , wherein the four pin openings and the projection opening are larger than the pins and the projection of the UV light.4116112110102. The assembly of claim 3 , wherein the circular faces are approximately 0.73 inches in diameter and the protrusion is approximately 0.150 inches long and 0.090 inches wide and extends out approximately 0.200 inches from the face of the cylindrical base of the light bulb .5. The assembly of claim 4 , wherein protrusion opening is typically 0.180 inches long claim 4 , 0.120 inches wide and 0.3 inches deep.6. The assembly of claim 4 , wherein the pins are approximately are ...

Radiation window

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising obtaining a first silicon wafer comprising a mask on a first side, attaching a second silicon wafer on the first side of the first silicon wafer, and etching one of the wafers to partially expose a window layer deposited on the opposite silicon wafer and to leave a structure defined by the mask supporting the window layer.

X-Ray Tube Casing

An x-ray tube casing is provided which includes a central frame having internal passages to supply a cooling fluid directly to the casing without the need for an external dedicated heat exchanger. The cooling fluid flowing through the passages in the easing can thermally contact the dielectric coolant within the casing to cool the tube coolant during operation of the x-ray tube. The casing is formed in an additive manufacturing process to allow for tight tolerances with regard to the structure for the casing and the internal passages to reduce the size and weight of the casing. The casing can additionally be formed from a metal matrix including a metal with high x-ray attenuation and a filler metal. The metal matrix eliminates the need for a separate x-ray attenuation layer within the casing, further reducing the size, number of parts and assembly complexity of the casing.

Screen protector

A plastic film screen protector that prevents interference patterns from arising when the film touches the screen is described. The advantages are accomplished by the film having a slightly roughened surface so that the majority of the film facing an electronic device screen does not substantially touch the screen. These physical aberrations prevent Newton ring interference patterns and spots caused by refractive index differences between air and the film material.

Screen protector

A plastic film screen protector that prevents interference patterns from arising when the film touches the screen is described. The advantages are accomplished by the film having a slightly roughened surface so that the majority of the film facing an electronic device screen does not substantially touch the screen. These physical aberrations prevent Newton ring interference patterns and spots caused by refractive index differences between air and the film material.

Foil sealed lamp

A foil sealed lamp comprising airtight container (1) having discharge part (11) provided thereinside with a discharge space and, disposed at both ends of the discharge part, seal parts (12a,12b); metal foils (3a1,3b1) of thickness T (μm) hermetically attached to the seal parts; and a pair of electrodes (3a2,3b2) each having its one end connected to the relevant metal foil and having its other end led out to the discharge space. On the periphery of areas of connection of the metal foils with the pair of electrodes, multiple recessed portions (41) satisfying 1.0 μm ≤ D ≤ T (μm) wherein D refers to the depth (μm) are provided in a fashion inhibiting superimposition on each other.

Fluorescent Lamp for Cold Environments

The invention relates to a fluorescent lamp ( 1 ) adapted for cold environments, which comprises an elongated main tube ( 11 ), fixing devices ( 12 ) at each end of the fluorescent lamp ( 1 ) for fixing the fluorescent lamp ( 1 ) in a light fitting ( 27 ), two electrodes ( 15 ) placed inside the main tube ( 11 ), a heat-insulating outer tube ( 20 ) that surrounds the main tube ( 11 ) and creates an airspace ( 22 ) between the main tube ( 11 ) and the outer tube ( 20 ). Each fixing device ( 12 ) comprises an end cap ( 41 ) with a radial part ( 41 b ), that delimits an outer end plane of the fluorescent lamp ( 1 ), and with an axial peripheral part ( 41 a ), that is connected to an end of the outer tube ( 20 ). An axial spacer ( 29, 31 ) with low heat conductivity has a first end part ( 33 ) that is connected to an end ( 34 ) of the main tube ( 11 ) and a second end part ( 38 ) that adjoins the outer end plane and keeps the main tube ( 11 ) separate from the end cap ( 41 ) in order to reduce the transmission of heat from the main tube ( 11 ) to the end cap ( 41 ) and the outer tube ( 20 ).

Lighting system with a high pressure discharge lamp

The lighting system has a lamp cap with two parts of a case (10a,10b) connected to each other by a detachable catch (22). The first part of the case (10a) has a fastener (24) for a lamp vessel (11) and a high-voltage component (TR) for an ignition device (TR,FS,C1). The second part of the case (10b) is fitted with high-pressure discharge lamp electrical contacts (20), also containing the remaining ignition components (FS,C1) and a voltage transformer (W).

Holding element for lamp vessels, and lamp with a holding element, as well as method for holding lamp vessels

The invention relates to a holding element for lamp vessels, with the holding element (118) being intended to at least partially surround a lamp vessel section (116) with a force fit, and with the holding element (118) having at least one deformation area (1183) which is used for plastic deformation in order to achieve the force fit between the lamp vessel (116) and the holding element (118).

MODULAR X-RAY SOURCE AND METHOD OF X-RAY SOURCE TUBE REPLACEMENT FOR MOTION COMPENSATED TOMOSYNTHESIS IMAGING SYSTEM

A modular X-ray source and method for replacement of such an X-ray source are disclosed. The source is inside a consumable modular enclosure where the entire assembly is swapped out during maintenance. The enclosure covers an X-ray tube, high voltage circuit boards and cooling insulating oil are arranged inside the module enclosure. The enclosure structure includes an X-ray window, connector engagement alignment guide and electrical connectors. The modular X-ray source is used in a multiple source tomosynthesis imaging system where multiple pulsed X-ray sources are utilized. The easy replacement of X-ray tube assembly inside the consumable modular enclosure results in lower maintenance cost and overall reliable X-ray imaging machine. The modular source has potential to increase the machine volume in the field and create new standards for replaceable modular X-ray source.

PART FOR CONNECTING ARTICLES DURING THEIR COATING AND CORRESPONDING METHOD

Backlight assembly and display device having the same

인가되는 전압에 편차가 발생되지 않는 형광 램프를 포함하는 백라이트 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치가 제공된다. 백라이트 어셈블리는, 내부에 형광층과 방전 가스를 포함하는 램프 튜브와, 램프 튜브의 내부에 배치되는 제1 전극과, 제1 전극과 용량 결합하는 도전 단자를 포함하는 복수의 형광 램프와, 복수의 형광 램프가 고정되는 램프 소켓을 포함한다. There is provided a backlight assembly including a fluorescent lamp in which a variation in applied voltage is not generated, and a display device including the backlight assembly. The backlight assembly includes a plurality of fluorescent lamps including a lamp tube including a fluorescent layer and a discharge gas therein, a first electrode disposed inside the lamp tube, and a conductive terminal capacitively coupled with the first electrode, And a lamp socket to which the fluorescent lamp is fixed. 형광 램프, 커패시터, 표시 장치 Fluorescent lamps, capacitors, display

放电灯、连接用线缆、光源装置及曝光装置

本发明提供一种对放电灯的灯头构件的冷却作用大的光源装置。将电源(32)及送风装置(34)侧的连接器(41)与放电灯(1)的灯头侧连接器(52)利用在电力线缆(33A)内收纳送风用配管(35A)的连结线缆(57)连结。将来自电源(32)的电力经由连结线缆(57)的电力线缆(33A)、灯头侧连接器(52)以及流路折曲构件(51)向灯头部(28)供应，将来自送风装置(28)的冷风经由连结线缆(57)的送风用配管(35A)、灯头侧连接器(52)及流路折曲构件(51)内的送风路向灯头部(28)的槽部(28b)供应。

Coating material composition and article having coating film formed therewith

적어도 중공미립자 및 매트릭스 형성재료를 포함하여 이루어지는 코팅재 조성물로서, 코팅재 조성물을 도포하여 건조함으로써 저굴절률의 피막을 형성하는데 있어서, 매트릭스 형성재료는 다공질 매트릭스를 형성하는, 코팅재 조성물을 제공한다. A coating material composition comprising at least hollow particles and a matrix forming material, wherein the coating material composition is formed by applying and drying a coating material composition, wherein the matrix forming material forms a porous matrix. 매트릭스 형성재료, 코팅재 조성물, 중공미립자 Matrix forming material, coating material composition, hollow particles

SILICO-SODO-CALCIUM GLASS COMPOSITIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

External electrode fluorescent lamp and display apparatus having the same

본 발명은 외부 전극 형광 램프 및 이를 갖는 표시 장치를 개시한다. 본 발명의 외부 전극 형광 램프는 램프 몸체로부터 도전성캡이 분리되는 것을 방지하기 위해, 방전 가스가 내부에 봉입된 몸체와, 상기 몸체의 일 단부에 형성된 돌출부, 상기 방전 가스로 방전전압을 인가하여 플라즈마를 형성시키기 위해 상기 돌출부를 덮도록 형성되는 도전성캡 및 상기 몸체와 상기 도전성캡을 결합하는 접촉부재를 포함한다. 도전성캡이 램프 몸체로부터 이탈 되는 것을 방지할 수 있고, 조립시 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있다. The present invention discloses an external electrode fluorescent lamp and a display device having the same. In order to prevent the conductive cap from being separated from the lamp body, the external electrode fluorescent lamp of the present invention applies a discharge voltage to the body in which the discharge gas is enclosed, the protrusion formed at one end of the body, and the discharge gas. Conductive cap is formed to cover the protrusion to form a and a contact member for coupling the body and the conductive cap. The conductive cap can be prevented from being separated from the lamp body, and reliability can be secured during assembly. 표시장치, 외부전극, 돌출부, 형광램프 Display, external electrode, protrusion, fluorescent lamp

Discharge lamp

방전램프의 패럴부재에 대한 냉각작용이 큰 광원장치이다. 전원(32) 및 송풍장치(34) 측의 커넥터(41)와 방전램프(1)의 패럴 측 커넥터(52)를 전력케이블(33A) 내에 송풍배기관(35A)이 수납된 연결케이블(57)에 의해 연결한다. 전원(32)으로부터의 전력을 연결케이블(57)의 전력케이블(33A), 패럴 측 커넥터(52) 및 유로절곡부재(51)를 통하여 패럴부(28)로 공급하고, 송풍장치(34)로부터의 냉풍을 연결케이블(57)의 송풍용 배관(35A)과, 패럴 측 커넥터(52) 및 유로절곡부재(51) 내의 송풍로를 통하여 패럴부(28)의 홈부(28b)로 공급한다. It is a light source device with a large cooling effect on the parallel member of the discharge lamp. The connector 41 of the power supply 32 and the blower 34 and the parallel connector 52 of the discharge lamp 1 are connected to the connecting cable 57 in which the blower exhaust pipe 35A is housed in the power cable 33A. By connecting. The electric power from the power supply 32 is supplied to the parallel part 28 through the power cable 33A of the connection cable 57, the parallel side connector 52, and the flow path bending member 51, and from the blower 34 Is supplied to the groove portion 28b of the parallel portion 28 through the blowing pipe 35A of the connecting cable 57, and the air passage in the parallel side connector 52 and the flow path bending member 51.

Wirelessly powered dielectric barrier discharge lamp, and base station for a wirelessly powered fluid treatment system

예를 들어, 유체 처리 시스템용 유전체 배리어 방전 램프 조립체(20)를 개시한다. 램프 조립체는, 유도 세컨더리(24), 유도 세컨더리에 결합된 제1 전극 및 제2 전극(26, 28), 및 제1 전극과 제2 전극 사이에 개재된 유전체 배리어를 갖는 램프(30)를 포함할 수 있다. 유전체 배리어는 방전 가스를 포함하는 방전 챔버를 형성한다. 유도 세컨더리는 근처의 유도 프라이머리로부터 전력을 수신하여 방전 챔버 내의 유전체 배리어 방전을 촉진시키도록 구성된다. 생성된 유전체 배리어 방전은 공기 또는 물의 처리를 위해, 또는 다른 응용을 위해 자외선 광을 생성할 수 있다. 또한, 유체 처리 시스템용 베이스 스테이션을 개시하며, 이 베이스 스테이션은, 예를 들어, 유전체 배리어 방전 램프, 가스 방전 램프, 백열 램프, 또는 LED를 비롯하여 유도 세컨더리를 구비하는 램프 조립체에 무선 전력 공급원을 제공하도록 구성된 유도 프라이머리(22)를 포함한다. 베이스 스테이션은, 유체 특성에 기초하여 제어되는 시변 전압으로 유도 프라이머리를 구동하도록 구성된 구동기 회로, 및 상기 유체 특성을 검출하도록 구성된 유체 센서를 더 포함한다. For example, a dielectric barrier discharge lamp assembly 20 for a fluid treatment system is disclosed. The lamp assembly includes an induction secondary 24, a first electrode and a second electrode 26, 28 coupled to the induction secondary, and a lamp 30 having a dielectric barrier interposed between the first and second electrodes can do. The dielectric barrier forms a discharge chamber containing a discharge gas. The induced secondary is configured to receive power from a nearby induced primary to facilitate dielectric barrier discharge in the discharge chamber. The resulting dielectric barrier discharge can produce ultraviolet light for treatment of air or water, or for other applications. Also disclosed is a base station for a fluid treatment system that provides a wireless power source to a lamp assembly having an induction secondary including, for example, a dielectric barrier discharge lamp, a gas discharge lamp, an incandescent lamp, or an LED (22). &Lt; / RTI &gt; The base station further includes a driver circuit configured to drive the induced primary with a time varying voltage controlled based on the fluid property, and a fluid sensor configured to detect the fluid property.

Discharge lamp, cable for connection, light source device, and exposure device

방전램프의 페럴(ferrule)부재에 대한 냉각작용이 큰 광원장치이다. 방전용 전극을 수납한 유리관(25)과, 유리관(25)에 연결된 페럴부(28)를 가지는 방전램프와, 연결케이블(72)을 구비하여 연결케이블(72)의 링모양부재(74A)가 방전램프의 페럴부(28)에 부착됨과 동시에, 링모양부재(74A)에 냉풍용 송풍로(74Ac)가 형성되어 연결케이블(72)의 전력케이블(33D) 및 링모양부재(74A)를 통하여 전원(32)으로부터 페럴부(28)로 전력을 공급하며, 연결케이블(72)의 송풍용 배관(35D) 및 링모양부재(74A)를 통하여 송풍장치(34)로부터 페럴부(28)에 냉풍을 공급한다. It is a light source device with a large cooling action on the ferrule member of the discharge lamp. A discharge lamp having a glass tube 25 housing an electrode for discharge, a discharge lamp having a ferrule portion 28 connected to the glass tube 25, and a connecting cable 72, the ring-shaped member 74A of the connecting cable 72 is At the same time as being attached to the ferrule part 28 of the discharge lamp, a blower path 74Ac for cold air is formed in the ring-shaped member 74A through the power cable 33D and the ring-shaped member 74A of the connecting cable 72. Power is supplied from the power source 32 to the ferrule unit 28, and cold air is supplied from the blower 34 to the ferrule unit 28 through the blowing pipe 35D and the ring-shaped member 74A of the connection cable 72. to supply