X-RAY IMAGING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PLANT ROOTS

A linear x-ray tube having one or more x-ray sources is configured for insertion into the soil in proximity to a root system of a plant for emission of an x-ray beam detected by a linear array of one or more x-ray detectors. The linear x-ray tube and detector array may be inserted into rhizotrons previously inserted into the soil. Various combinations of multiple x-ray tubes and/or detector arrays may be utilized to customize the x-ray imaging of the root system.

METAL ANALYSIS DURING PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING

A system and method for detecting, measuring, and analyzing for metallic impurities in pharmaceutical drugs and compounds utilizes an x-ray fluorescence system. The system and method may be co-located with a pharmaceutical manufacturing process for in-line continuous monitoring of metal impurities. The pharmaceutical products may be in a form selected from a powder, slurry, pill, tablet, and gel.

MATERIAL SORTING SYSTEM

A material sorting system sorts materials, such as scrap pieces composed of unknown metal alloys, as a function of their detected x-ray fluorescence. The x-ray fluorescence may be converted into an elemental composition signature that is then compared to an elemental composition signature of a reference material in order to identify and/or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification/classification. The material sorting system may include an in-line x-ray tube having a plurality of separate x-ray sources, each of which can irradiate a separate stream of materials to be sorted. 1. A method for sorting a plurality of metal alloy pieces into at least a first sorted collection of metal alloy pieces having a first metal alloy composition and a second sorted collection of metal alloy pieces having a second metal alloy composition different from the first metal alloy composition , the method comprising:determining an approximate length of each of the plurality of metal scrap pieces;classifying a first one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces as having the first metal alloy composition as a function of the determined approximate length of the first one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces;classifying a second one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces as having the second metal alloy composition as a function of the determined approximate length of the second one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces; andsorting the first one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces from the second one of the metal alloy pieces in response to (1) classifying the first one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces as having the first metal alloy composition, and (2) classifying the second one of the plurality of metal alloy pieces as having the second metal alloy composition.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the determining the approximate length of each of the plurality of metal alloy pieces comprises measuring the ...

MONITOR FOR MEASURING MERCURY EMISSIONS

A mercury emissions monitor includes a mercury sensor tape configured to be fed in a reel-to-reel manner between first and second tape reels, wherein the mercury sensor tape includes a thin metallic film configured to form an amalgam with detected mercury. A mercury collection unit is configured to receive into a chamber a sample of a gas containing mercury, wherein the mercury collection unit is further configured to permit passage of portions of the mercury sensor tape through the chamber containing the gas sample so that the amalgam is formed with the thin metallic film. A mercury analysis unit includes a total reflection x-ray fluorescence (“TXRF”) system configured to perform a TXRF analysis of the amalgam, wherein the mercury analysis unit is configured to permit passage of the mercury sensor tape within a proximity of an XRF detector of the TXRF system. The mercury collection unit and the mercury analysis unit are positioned between the first and second tape reels so that the mercury sensor tape can move in a continuous manner from the first tape reel through the chamber of the mercury collection unit, then within sufficient proximity to the XRF detector, to be then taken up onto the second tape reel. 1. A mercury emissions monitor comprising:a mercury sensor tape configured to be fed in a reel-to-reel manner between first and second tape reels, wherein the mercury sensor tape comprises a thin metallic film configured to form an amalgam with detected mercury;a mercury collection unit configured to receive into a chamber a sample of a gas containing mercury, wherein the mercury collection unit is further configured to permit passage of portions of the mercury sensor tape through the chamber containing the gas sample so that the amalgam is formed with the metallic film; anda mercury analysis unit comprising a total reflection x-ray fluorescence (“TXRF”) system configured to perform an x-ray fluorescence (“XRF”) analysis of the amalgam, wherein the mercury ...

Proxy communications on a social network

The claimed subject matter provides a system and/or method for establishing proxy communications(132) between users(102,104)on a social network(106). An exemplary method includes creating an alias on a primary social network(106) when a user logs in to the primary social network(106), wherein the alias comprises the user's identity (116)on a secondary social network(118). The method further includes creating a cache comprising a map relating a second user's identity (102)on the primary social network to the second user's identity(104) on a secondary social network(108), wherein the creation of the map is based, at least in part, on the user and the second user being identified as friends in the secondary social network. Communications from the user to the second user (104)are directed through the primary social network(106) based, at least in part, on the map. The communications(132) are formatted to appear as if they were sent from the user's account(112) on the secondary social network ...

X-RAY WINDOW

An x-ray window, which may be utilized within an x-ray source or an x-ray detector is disclosed, and a method for manufacturing the same. The x-ray window may be permeable to soft x-rays. The x-ray window may have at least one surface in contact with a pressure essentially equal that of a vacuum. The x-ray window may be multilayered with a thickness of less than or equal to one micron. 1. A method for making an x-ray window comprising:depositing one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials onto a silicon substrate; andpatterning and etching the silicon substrate to form a ring structure having an aperture formed therethrough so that only the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials cover the aperture.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the silicon ring structure has a thickness of about 200 microns-500 microns.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦1 micron.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦0.5 microns.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials comprise a base layer and a visible light blocking layer.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the aperture has a diameter of about ≧5 mm.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more layers include a silicon nitride layer.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , wherein the one or more layers include a diamond thin film.9. The method as recited in claim 8 , wherein the one or more layers of x-ray transmissive layers have a total thickness of ≦1 micron.10. An x-ray window comprising:a silicon ring; andone or more layers of x-ray transmissive materials completely covering an aperture formed in the silicon ring, wherein the one or more layers have a total thickness for passage of x-rays of ≦1 micron.11. The x-ray window as recited in claim 10 , ...

Notification-based monitoring of web resources

A service allows client systems to register for push notifications from the service about changes to resources. The service monitors a resource for updates and then notifies the client system when the resource has an update. The client system registers a resource for monitoring and subscribes to receiving push notifications for resources that are monitored. The client system can provide a notification channel to the service over which the service can send push notifications. The service aggregates requests to monitor resources over multiple client systems. When the service detects a change to a monitored resource, the service broadcasts a push notification to the various client systems subscribed to receive notifications for that resource over their respective notification channels.

MULTIPLE STAGE SORTING

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing multiple stages of classification and sorting, including a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the remaining materials. 1. A method for handling a first mixture of materials comprising a plurality of different classes of materials , the apparatus comprising:capturing, by an image sensor, visually observed characteristics of each of the first mixture of materials; andclassifying, with a data processing system comprising a machine learning system implementing a neural network configured with a previously generated set of neural network parameters, a first plurality of materials of the first mixture as belonging to a first class of materials based on the captured visually observed characteristics, wherein the previously generated set of neural network parameters are uniquely associated with the first class of materials, wherein the first plurality of materials of the first mixture classified as belonging to the first class of materials possess a chemical composition that is different from the materials within the first mixture not classified as belonging to the first class of materials.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the previously generated set of neural network parameters uniquely associated with the first class of materials were generated from captured visually observed characteristics of one or more samples of the first class of materials.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first class of materials is cast aluminum alloys claim 1 , the method further comprising:sorting the classified first plurality of materials of the first mixture from the first mixture as a function of the classifying of the first plurality of materials of the first mixture, wherein the sorting of the classified first plurality of materials of the ...

SORTING BETWEEN METAL ALLOYS

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing an x-ray fluorescence and/or a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum. The system is capable of sorting between cast aluminum alloys and also between wrought aluminum alloys. 1. A method for sorting a plurality of metal alloy pieces into at least a first sorted collection of metal alloy pieces having a first metal alloy composition and a second sorted collection of metal alloy pieces having a second metal alloy composition different from the first metal alloy composition , the method comprising:conveying the plurality of metal alloy pieces by a conveyor system at a predetermined speed;determining an approximate length of each of the plurality of metal scrap pieces along a line substantially parallel to a direction of travel of the plurality of metal alloy pieces by the conveyor system, wherein the determining the approximate length of each of the plurality of metal alloy pieces comprises measuring the approximate length of each of the plurality of metal alloys scrap pieces as they travel at the predetermined speed past a distance measuring device;exposing the plurality of metal scrap pieces to x-rays emitted by an x-ray source of an x-ray fluorescence (“XRF”) system, and detecting, by the XRF system, x-ray fluorescence signals emitted by the plurality of metal scrap pieces in response to the x-rays emitted by the x-ray source;wherein the XRF system is configured to measure an XRF spectrum emitted from a particular one of each of the plurality of metal alloy pieces only for a time period determined as a function of the measured approximate length for the particular one of each of the plurality of metal alloy pieces, wherein the time period is ...

Recycling coins from scrap

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials have a specified geometric shape. Such a system can sort monetary coins or other valuable metals from other forms of scrap.

MATERIAL SORTING USING A VISION SYSTEM

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The material sorting system may include an x-ray fluorescence system to perform a classification of the materials in combination with the vision system, whereby the classification efforts of the vision system and x-ray fluorescence system are combined in order to classify and sort the materials. 1. A system for classifying and sorting a first heterogeneous mix of materials comprising:a first device configured to produce image data of the first heterogeneous mix of materials;a first conveyor system configured to convey the first heterogeneous mix of materials past the first device;a first data processing system comprising a machine learning system configured to assign a first classification to a first one of the materials based on the image data of the first heterogeneous mix of materials, wherein the first classification is based on a first knowledge base containing a previously generated library of observed characteristics captured from a homogenous set of samples of the first one of the materials; anda first sorter configured to sort the first one of the materials from the first heterogeneous mix of materials as a function of the first classification of the first one of the materials.2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the library of observed characteristics were captured by a camera configured to capture images of the homogenous set of samples of the first one of the materials as they were conveyed past the camera.3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first device is a camera configured to capture visual images of the materials to produce the image data claim 1 , and wherein the observed characteristics are visually observed characteristics.4. The system as recited in claim 3 , further ...

Sorting Cast and Wrought Aluminum

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum or cast aluminum. 1. A system for classifying and sorting a first mixture of materials comprising wrought and cast aluminum scrap pieces , the system comprising:an image capturing device configured to produce image data of the first mixture of materials comprising wrought and cast aluminum scrap pieces;a conveyor system configured to convey the first mixture past the image capturing device;a data processing system comprising a machine learning system configured to classify certain ones of the first mixture as wrought aluminum scrap pieces based on the image data of the first mixture, wherein the classifying of certain ones of the first mixture is based on a first knowledge base containing a previously generated library of observed characteristics captured from a homogenous set of samples of wrought aluminum scrap pieces; anda sorter configured to sort the classified certain ones of the first mixture from the first mixture as a function of the classifying of certain ones of the first mixture.2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the library of observed characteristics were captured by a camera configured to capture images of the homogenous set of samples of the wrought aluminum scrap pieces as they were conveyed past the camera.3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the image capturing device is a camera configured to capture visual images of the first mixture of materials comprising wrought and cast aluminum scrap pieces to produce the image data claim 1 , and wherein the observed characteristics are visually observed characteristics.4. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the sorting by the sorter of the classified ...

MATERIAL HANDLING USING MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM

Systems and methods for classifying materials utilizing one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The machine learning system may utilize a neural network, and be previously trained to recognize and classify certain types of materials.

Identifying coins from scrap

A system classifies materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system, such as a neural network, in order to identify or classify each of the materials as either a monetary coin or not a monetary coin, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. Such a system can sort monetary coins from other forms of scrap, which may have been produced from a shredding of end of life vehicles.

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR A REDUCED SPACE AREA OF A ROOM

An air conditioning (“A/C”) system for conditioning the air primarily within a partitioned space in which one or more persons reside within a room or structure, where the A/C system does not condition the air outside of the partitioned space within the room or structure. Such a partitioned space within a room or structure may be a portion of the room or structure in which a sleeping bed is positioned, and a portion of the living space lying over the sleeping bed. The A/C system may replace an existing ceiling fan, and be installed in place thereof. A canopy is draped over the partitioned space to enclose the area being air conditioned. 1. A method comprising:mounting an air conditioning (“A/C”) unit in proximity to a ceiling of a room; andinstalling a canopy so that the canopy encloses a reduced space area within the room, wherein the canopy is configured relative to the A/C unit so that the A/C unit in operation conditions air contained within the reduced space area enclosed by the canopy.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the mounting of the A/C unit comprises replacing a ceiling fan with the A/C unit.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the reduced space area contains a volume that is less than all of the volume of the room.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein the canopy substantially encloses an article of furniture located within the room.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the article of furniture is a sleeping bed.6. The method as recited in claim 5 , wherein the canopy is configured relative to the A/C unit so that the A/C unit substantially conditions the air contained within the reduced space area residing over the sleeping bed when the canopy is positioned to enclose a top surface of the sleeping bed.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the canopy is configured relative to an air inlet and air outlet of the A/C unit so that the A/C unit substantially exchanges and conditions only the air contained within the ...

METAL SORTER

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum. 1. A system for classifying and sorting a first mixture of materials comprising extruded aluminum scrap pieces and cast aluminum scrap pieces , the system comprising:an image capturing device configured to produce image data of the first mixture of materials comprising extruded aluminum scrap pieces and cast aluminum scrap pieces;a conveyor system configured to convey the first mixture past the image capturing device;a data processing system comprising a machine learning system configured to classify certain ones of the first mixture as extruded aluminum scrap pieces based on the image data of the first mixture, wherein the classifying of certain ones of the first mixture is based on a first knowledge base containing a previously generated library of observed characteristics captured from a homogenous set of samples of extruded aluminum scrap pieces; anda sorter configured to sort the classified certain ones of the first mixture from the first mixture as a function of the classifying of certain ones of the first mixture.2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the library of observed characteristics were captured by a camera configured to capture images of the homogenous set of samples of the extruded aluminum scrap pieces as they were conveyed past the camera.3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the image capturing device is a camera configured to capture visual images of the first mixture of materials comprising extruded aluminum scrap pieces and cast aluminum scrap pieces to produce the image data claim 1 , and wherein the observed characteristics are visually observed characteristics.4. ...

REMOVING AIRBAG MODULES FROM AUTOMOTIVE SCRAP

A system classifies materials utilizing a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify and then remove automotive airbag modules from a scrap stream, which may have been produced from a shredding of end-of-life vehicles. The sorting process may be designed so that live airbag modules are not activated, which may cause damage to equipment or persons. 1. A method of sorting live airbag modules from a moving stream of automotive scrap pieces , comprising:conveying automotive scrap pieces past a vision system, wherein the automotive scrap pieces include a live airbag module;capturing visual images of the automotive scrap pieces;processing the captured visual images of the automotive scrap pieces through an artificial intelligence system in order to distinguish the live airbag module from the other automotive scrap pieces; andsorting the live airbag module from the moving stream of automotive scrap pieces.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the sorting includes diverting the live airbag module into a receptacle along with other automotive scrap pieces that are within a vicinity of the live airbag module.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the sorting is performed without activating the live airbag module.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the sorting is performed by a sorting mechanism that diverts the live airbag module using a diverting force configured to not activate the live airbag module.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the sorting mechanism is a paint brush type plunger.6. The method has recited in claim 2 , wherein the live airbag module is partially occluded by at least one other automotive scrap piece so that the vision system is unable to acquire spectral image data of an entirety of the live airbag module.7. The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein the artificial intelligence system is configured to identify the partially occluded live airbag module.8. The method ...

DIGITAL STETHOSCOPE

A digital stethoscope includes a stethoscope housing defining a housing edge. The digital stethoscope also includes a surface region secured to the stethoscope housing at the housing edge, and a number of microphones. The digital stethoscope also includes a processing device disposed within the stethoscope housing and in communication with the microphones. The processing device receives the digital audio data from the microphones.

Vacuum Smelting of Sorted Aluminum

Aluminum scrap pieces are sorted into selected alloys and then fed into a vacuum smelting furnace to melt. The aluminum scrap pieces may be sorted into various cast aluminum alloy series, wrought aluminum alloy series, or extrusion aluminum alloy series. The sorting may be performed using x-ray fluorescence, artificial intelligence, or laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Self-supporting multilayer films having a diamond-like carbon layer

Disclosed are a variety of self-supporting, multilayer carbon films that include a layer of both a non-diamond-like carbon, for example, graphitic or amorphous carbon (or a-C), and a layer of diamond-like carbon (DLC). A wide range of multilayer configurations may be constructed depending on the particular combination of properties desired in the final product including, for example, a tri-layer construction including a single DLC layer sandwiched between two layers of amorphous carbon. Also disclosed are example embodiments of methods for producing such composite multilayer films that include preparing an appropriate substrate to include a deposition surface of sufficient smoothness, applying a parting or release agent to the deposition surface, depositing a plurality of layer carbon layers including both an amorphous carbon layer and a DLC layer to form the composite carbon film and removing the composite carbon film from the substrate.

Pharmaceutical product and methods and apparatus for making same

The present invention provides a product (1) that includes a pharmaceutical unit dosage or diagnostic form (6) that includes at least one active ingredient that is present in an amount that advantageously does not vary by more than about five percent from a predetermined target amount. In one embodiment, the unit form comprises a substrate (8), a deposit (14) that is disposed on the substrate and a cover layer (9) that overlies the deposit and is joined to the substrate by a bond that encircles that deposit, thereby encapsulating it between the substrate and cover substrates. The deposit comprises a powder, at least some of which includes the at least one active ingredient. The unit form is created via a dry powder deposition apparatus that electrostatically deposits the powder on the substrate utilizing an electrostatic chuck and charged powder delivery apparatus.

Pharmaceutical product and methods and apparatus for making same

Back light for color liquid crystal display

(57)【要約】 （修正有） 【課題】カラー液晶表示装置と併用するバックライト、 特にバックライトに関し、高い光伝送効率と輝度を備え たコスト的に有効で低電力、多色液晶表示装置を提供す る。 【解決手段】カラー液晶ディスプレイ用バックライト が、特定液晶表示画素内の数個の副画素のそれぞれ一個 に有色光を照射する有色蛍光体を作動させるために種々 の技術を使用する。有色蛍光体の作動は、電界放出装 置、ダイオードおよびトリオード、蛍光灯、薄膜エレク トロルミネセンス光、紫外線ランプ、熱電子エミッタま たは高輝度グロー放電ランプを使用して実行される。LC Dパネルが４枚以内のガラス基板を使用して製造され る。

Field emission based thermoelectric device

This invention describes novel architectures for enhancing the efficiency of thermoelectric devices by incorporating high thermal resistivity and high electrical conductivity sections based on field emission devices. The uses of such devices include coolers and electricity generators.

Method of making a field emitter device using randomly located nuclei as an etch mask

Method of making a field emitter device with submicron low work function emission tips without using photolithography. The method includes depositing in situ by evaporating or sputtering a discontinuous etch mask comprising randomly located discrete nuclei. In one embodiment an ion etch is applied to a low work function material covered by a discontinuous mask to form valleys in the low work function material with pyramid shaped emission tips therebetween. In another embodiment an ion etch is applied to an electrically conductive base material covered by a discontinuous mask to form valleys in the base material with pyramid shaped base tips therebetween. The base material is then coated with a low work function material to form emission tips thereon.

Multilevel metallization process using polishing

A maskless process for forming a protected metal feature in a planar insulating layer of a substrate is disclosed. A first barrier material is disposed in a recess in an insulating layer, a conductive metal is disposed on the first barrier material such that the entire metal feature is positioned within the recess below the top of the recess, a second barrier material is disposed on the metal feature such that the second barrier material occupies the entire portion of the recess above the-metal feature and extends above the top surface of the insulating layer, and the second barrier material is then polished until the top of the second barrier material is in and aligned with the top of the insulating layer. As a result, the metal feature is surrounded and protected by the first and second barrier materials, and the substrate is planarized.

An optical device and a method of making an optical device

An optical device such as a radiation detector or an optically activated memory comprises a barrier region (11) located between two active regions (9, 15). One or more quantum dots (21) are provided such that a change in the charging state of the quantum dot or dots (21) affects the flow of current through the barrier region (11). The charging states of the quantum dot is changed by optical means.

Amorphic diamond film flat field emission cathode

A field emission cathode for use in flat panel displays is disclosed comprising a layer of conductive material and a layer of amorphic diamond film, functioning as a low effective work-function material, deposited over the conductive material to form emission sites. The emission sites each contain at least two sub-regions having differing electron affinities. Use of the cathode to form a computer screen is also disclosed along with the use of the cathode to form a fluorescent light source.

A display

The present invention provides for a field emission device including an anode assembly (600) and a cathode assembly, wherein the cthode assembly further includes a substrate (1101), a plurality of electrically conducting strips (1102) deposited on the substrate (1101), and a continuous layer of diamond material (1801) deposited over the plurality of electrically conducting strips (1102) and portions of the substrate exposed between the plurality of electrically conducting strips (1102). The field emission device may further include a grid assembly (2000) including a perforated silicon substrate (2003), a first dielectric layer (2002) deposited on the silicon substrate (2003), and a first conducting layer (2001) deposited on the first dielectric layer (2002), wherein the first dielectric layer (2002) and the first conducting layer (2001) have perforations coinciding with perforations of the silicon substrate (2003). The grid assembly may further include a second dielectric layer deposited on an underside of the silicon substrate.

Cataractogenesis and disruption of d3 connexin gene in mammals and methods of use

Lateral field emitter device and method of manufacturing same

Air conditioning system for a reduced space area of a room

An air conditioning ("A/C") system for conditioning the air primarily within a partitioned space in which one or more persons reside within a room or structure, where the A/C system does not condition the air outside of the partitioned space within the room or structure. Such a partitioned space within a room or structure may be a portion of the room or structure in which a sleeping bed is positioned, and a portion of the living space lying over the sleeping bed. The A/C system may replace an existing ceiling fan, and be installed in place thereof. A canopy is draped over the partitioned space to enclose the area being air conditioned.

Method and apparatus for fabricating superconducting wire

A superconducting wire which includes a base wire and at least a superconduction layer formed on the base wire. The superconduction layer may be formed by using a sputtering system for depositing a film of high temperature superconductor material on the base wire. The superconducting wire may further include an adhesion layer, a diffusion barrier layer and/or a protection layer. Several superconducting wires may be grouped together in a metal matrix to form a composite superconducting wire.

Material handling system

Systems and methods for classifying materials utilizing one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The machine learning system may utilize a neural network, and be previously trained to recognize and classify certain types of materials. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be utilized to sort any types or classes of materials as defined herein. By way of contrast, a homogeneous set or group of materials all fall within an identifiable class or type of material.

Triode structure flat panel display employing flat field emission cathode

A flat panel display of a field emission type having a triode (three terminal) structure and useful as a device for displaying visual information is disclosed. The display includes a plurality of corresponding light-emitting anodes and field-emission cathodes, each of the anodes emitting light in response to emission from each of the corresponding cathodes, each of the cathodes including a layer of low work function material having a relatively flat emission surface which includes a plurality of distributed localized electron emission sites and a grid assembly positioned between the corresponding anodes and cathodes to thereby control emission levels to the anodes from the corresponding cathodes. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the layer of low work function material is amorphic diamond film. The grid assembly includes a conductive layer deposited between the plurality of anodes and cathodes and over interstices between the cathodes, the conductive layer having apertures therein, the cathodes aligned with, and of the same size as, the apertures.

Metal sorter

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum.

Pharmaceutical product and methods and apparatus for making same

The present invention provides a product (1) that includes a pharmaceutical unit dosage or diagnostic form (6) that includes at least one active ingredient that is present in an amount that advantageously does not vary by more than about five percent from a predetermined target amount. In one embodiment, the unit form comprises a substrate (8), a deposit (14) that is disposed on the substrate and a cover layer (9) that overlies the deposit an d is joined to the substrate by a bond that encircles that deposit, thereby encapsulating it between the substrate and cover substrates. The deposit comprises a powder, at least some of which includes the at least one active ingredient. The unit form is created via a dry powder deposition apparatus that electrostatically deposits the powder on the substrate utilizing an electrostatic chuck and charged powder delivery apparatus.

Silencing of tgf beta type ii receptor expression by sirna

The present application is directed to siRNA-based silencing of the type II receptor of TGFβ. siRNAs that target this receptor abrogate the receptor protein and transcript, TGFβ-mediated processes such as fibronectin assembly and cell migration also are inhibited and the molecules of the invention are efficacious in reducing the inflammatory response and matrix deposition. These findings show that siRNAs can be successfully delivered both in vitro and in vivo to regulate the TGFβ type II receptor level and modulate wound response. Methods and compositions exploiting the findings of the present invention have a wide-ranging application, extending from treatment of disorders of the eye to other organs and tissues throughout the body.

Diode structure flat panel display

A matrix-addressed diode flat panel display of field emission type is described, utilizing a diode (two terminal) pixel structure. The flat panel display comprises a cathode assembly having a plurality of cathodes, each cathode including a layer of cathode conductive material and a layer of a low effective work-function material deposited over the cathode conductive material and an anode assembly having a plurality of anodes, each anode including a layer of anode conductive material and a layer of cathodoluminescent material deposited over the anode conductive material, the anode assembly located proximate the cathode assembly to thereby receive charged particle emissions from the cathode assembly, the cathodoluminescent material emitting light in response to the charged particle emissions. The flat panel display further comprises means for selectively varying field emission between the plurality of corresponding light-emitting anodes and field-emission cathodes to thereby effect an addressable grey-scale operation of the flat panel display.

Field emitter with diamond emission tips

A field emitter comprising a conductive metal and a diamond emission tip with negative electron affinity in ohmic contact with and protruding above the metal. The field emitter is fabricated by coating a substrate with an insulating diamond film having negative electron affinity and a top surface with spikes and valleys, depositing a conductive metal on the diamond film, and applying an etch to expose the spikes without exposing the valleys, thereby forming diamond emission tips which protrude a height above the conductive metal less than the mean free path of electrons in the diamond film.

Lateral field emitter device

Lateral luminescent field emitter devices for use in flat panel displays and a method of manufacturing are described. The device comprises a flat substrate, an anode disposed on the substrate, and a cathode disposed on the substrate, the cathode providing an electron emission surface capable of emitting electrons laterally across a gap to a major portion of an adjacent surface of the anode.

Self-supporting multilayer films having a diamond-like carbon layer

Disclosed are a variety of self-supporting, multilayer carbon films that include a layer of both a non-diamond carbon, for example, graphite or amorphous carbon (a-C), and a layer of diamond-like carbon (DLC). A wide range of multilayer configurations may be constructed on the particular combination of properties desired in the final product including, for example, a tri-layer construction (200) including a single DLC layer (108) sandwiched between two layers of amorphous carbon (106 &110). Also disclosed are example embodiments of methods for producing such composite multilayer films that include preparing an appropriate substrate (102) to include a deposition surface of sufficient smoothness, applying a parting or release agent to the deposition surface (104), depositing a plurality of layer carbon layers including both an amorphous carbon layer (106 &11) and a DLC layer (108) to form the composite carbon film and removing the composite carbon film from the substrate.

Silencing of TGF-beta receptor type II expression by sIRNA

Silencing of TGF-beta receptor type II expression by sIRNA

X-ray imaging and chemical analysis of plant roots

A linear x-ray tube having one or more x-ray sources is configured for insertion into the soil in proximity to a root system of a plant for emission of an x-ray beam detected by a linear array of one or more x-ray detectors. The linear x-ray tube and detector array may be inserted into rhizotrons previously inserted into the soil. Various combinations of multiple x-ray tubes and/or detector arrays may be utilized to customize the x-ray imaging of the root system.

Silencing of tgf-beta receptor type II expression by sirna

The present application is directed to siRNA-based silencing of the type II receptor of TGFβ. siRNAs that target this receptor abrogate the receptor protein and transcript, TGFβ-mediated processes such as fibronectin assembly and cell migration also are inhibited and the molecules of the invention are efficacious in reducing the inflammatory response and matrix deposition. These findings show that siRNAs can be successfully delivered both in vitro and in vivo to regulate the TGFβ type II receptor level and modulate wound response. Methods and compositions exploiting the findings of the present invention have a wide-ranging application, extending from treatment of disorders of the eye to other organs and tissues throughout the body.

Method of making wide band gap field emitter

A field emitter comprising an exposed wide band gap emission area in contact with and protruding from a planar surface of a conductive metal, and a method of making is disclosed. Suitable wide band gap materials (2.5-7.0 electron-volts) include diamond, aluminum-nitride and gallium-nitride; suitable conductive metals include titanium, tungsten, gold and graphite. The method includes disposing the wide band gap material on a substrate, disposing the conductive metal on the wide band gap material, and etching the conductive metal to expose wide band gap emission areas. The emission areas are well suited for large area flat panel displays.

An improved coating for optical fibers and method therefor

An improved coating (16) for optical fibers (8) and a method for applying the improved coating (16) are described. The present invention is a dimensionally precise and uniform coating (16) with low-porosity. The improved coating (16) is applied via sputtering within a vacuum chamber (2). Environmental conditions are monitored within a cylindrical magnetron (4) during sputtering. Sputtering is adjusted or temporarily ceased when environmental conditions approach a damage threshold. Sputtered particles (38) within a plasma cloud (46) are dimensionally similar and adhere to an optical fiber (8) in a volume efficient arrangement forming a more precise, denser, and more adherent coating (16). Embodiments of the present invention provide improved pull strength by compressively constraining the optical fiber (8) within the coating (16) and by closing microcracks.

Removing airbag modules from automotive scrap

A system classifies materials utilizing a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify and then remove automotive airbag modules from a scrap stream, which may have been produced from a shredding of end-of-life vehicles. The sorting process may be designed so that live airbag modules are not activated, which may cause damage to equipment or persons.

Digital stethoscope

A digital stethoscope includes a stethoscope housing defining a housing edge. The digital stethoscope also includes a surface region secured to the stethoscope housing at the housing edge, and a number of microphones. The digital stethoscope also includes a processing device disposed within the stethoscope housing and in communication with the microphones. The processing device receives the digital audio data from the microphones.

Sorting between metal alloys

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing an x-ray fluorescence and/or a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum. The system is capable of sorting between cast aluminum alloys and also between wrought aluminum alloys.

Sorting based on chemical composition

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting materials in order to produce a collection of materials that are composed of a particular chemical composition in the aggregate. The system may utilize a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials. The sorting is then performed as a function of the classifications.

Sorting of plastics

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting of plastic materials utilizing a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification.

Computer program product for classifying materials

Systems and methods for classifying materials utilizing one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The machine learning system may utilize a neural network, and be previously trained to recognize and classify certain types of materials.

Material classification system

Systems and methods for classifying materials utilizing one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The machine learning system may utilize a neural network, and be previously trained to recognize and classify certain types of materials. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be utilized to sort any types or classes of materials as defined herein. By way of contrast, a homogeneous set or group of materials all fall within an identifiable class or type of material.

Sorting based on chemical composition

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting materials in order to produce a collection of materials that are composed of a particular chemical composition in the aggregate. The system may utilize a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials. The sorting is then performed as a function of the classifications.

Classifying between metal alloys

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing an x-ray fluorescence and/or a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum. The system is capable of sorting between cast aluminum alloys and also between wrought aluminum alloys.

Sorting of dark colored and black plastics

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting of dark colored and/or black-colored plastic materials utilizing a vision system or one or more sensor systems implemented with one or more medium wavelength infrared cameras whereby the captured image data is process within a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification.

Sorting of dark colored and black plastics

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting of dark colored and/or black-colored plastic materials utilizing a vision system or one or more sensor systems implemented with one or more medium wavelength infrared cameras whereby the captured image data is process within a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification.

Triple function catheter system and implementation method thereof

In one embodiment, a stent catheter assembly is disclosed. The stent catheter assembly comprises a catheter having a distal end. In example, the catheter comprises an outer braided catheter surrounding the middle catheter which, in turn, surrounds the inner catheter. Further stent catheter assembly comprises, a tip disposed at the distal end of the catheter, a plurality of tubes, connected to the catheter. Further the stent catheter assembly comprises, a balloon, wherein the balloon is disposed around the distal end of the catheter; a stent, wherein the stent is mounted on the balloon, a plurality of radiopaque marker bands, wherein the plurality of radiopaque marker bands is positioned proximal and distal to the stent on the catheter.

Material sorting system

A material sorting system sorts materials, such as scrap pieces composed of unknown metal alloys, as a function of their detected x-ray fluorescence. The x-ray fluorescence may be converted into an elemental composition signature that is then compared to an elemental composition signature of a reference material in order to identify and/or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification/classification. The material sorting system may include an in-line x-ray tube having a plurality of separate x-ray sources, each of which can irradiate a separate stream of materials to be sorted.

Digital stethoscope

A digital stethoscope includes a stethoscope housing defining a housing edge. The digital stethoscope also includes a surface region secured to the stethoscope housing at the housing edge, and a number of microphones. The digital stethoscope also includes a processing device disposed within the stethoscope housing and in communication with the microphones. The processing device receives the digital audio data from the microphones.

Portable materials analyzer

A portable materials analyzer is implemented in a small form factor. A sample of material pieces are retrieved from a larger container. The sample of material pieces are then analyzed by the analyzer using x-ray fluorescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, a vision system with artificial intelligence, etc. The number of the material pieces within the sample is a substantially small percentage of a total number of the material scrap pieces within the container. The analyzer then determines whether the classification of the material pieces within the sample corresponds to an expected classification of the entirety of material pieces within the container.

Sorting of plastics

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting of plastic materials utilizing a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification.

Multiple stage sorting

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing multiple stages of classification and sorting, including a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the remaining materials.

A cathode assembly

A cathode assembly includes a substrate (100), a plurality of electrically conducting strips (101), deposited on the substrate, and a continuous layer of diamond material (200) deposited over the plurality of electrically conducting strips and portions of the substrate exposed between the plurality of electrically conducting strips.

Clasificacion basada en composicion quimica.

Se describen sistemas y métodos para clasificar y separar materiales para de producir una colección de materiales que están compuestos de una composición química particular en el agregado. El sistema puede usar un sistema de visión y uno o más sistemas de sensores, que pueden implementar un sistema de aprendizaje automático para identificar o clasificar cada uno de los materiales. La clasificación se efectúa entonces como función de las clasificaciones.

Sorting between metal alloys

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing an x-ray fluorescence and/or a vision system that implements a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification determining that the materials are composed of either wrought aluminum, extruded aluminum, or cast aluminum. The system is capable of sorting between cast aluminum alloys and also between wrought aluminum alloys.

Sorting based on chemical composition

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting materials in order to produce a collection of materials that are composed of a particular chemical composition in the aggregate. The system may utilize a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials. The sorting is then performed as a function of the classifications.

Clasificacion de plasticos.

Sistemas y métodos para categorizar y clasificar materiales plásticos de color oscuro y/o de color negro que usan un sistema de visión o uno o más sistemas de sensores implementados con una o más cámaras infrarrojas de longitud de onda media, por lo que los datos de imagen capturados se procesan dentro de un sistema de aprendizaje automático a fin de identificar o categorizar cada uno de los materiales, que entonces se pueden clasificar en grupos separados con base en esta identificación o categorización.

Multiple stage sorting

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and can be further implemented to utilize Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy or x-ray fluorescence to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the materials.

Removing airbag modules from automotive scrap

A system classifies materials utilizing a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify and then remove automotive airbag modules from a scrap stream, which may have been produced from a shredding of end-of-life vehicles. The sorting process may be designed so that live airbag modules are not activated, which may cause damage to equipment or persons.

Sorting of aluminum alloys

A material handling system sorts mixed materials utilizing a combination of a spectroscopic sensor, such as x-ray fluorescence, and a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The system is capable of sorting between materials typically found within Zorba, such as wrought, cast, and extrusion aluminum alloys.

Sorting of zorba

A material handling system sorts mixed materials utilizing a combination of x-ray fluorescence and/or a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The system is capable of sorting between materials typically found within Zorba, Zebra, and Twitch.

Retirada de módulos de airbag a partir de sucata automotiva

retirada de módulos de airbag a partir de sucata automotiva. um sistema classifica materiais utilizando um sistema de visão que implementa um sistema de inteligência artificial para identificar ou classificar e então remover módulos de airbag automotivo a partir de um fluxo de sucata, que podem ter sido produzidos a partir de trituração de veículos em fim de vida. o processo de separação pode ser projetado de modo que módulos de airbag ativo não sejam ativados, o que pode causar dano ao equipamento ou pessoas.

Clasificacion de plasticos negros y de color oscuro.

Sistemas y métodos para categorizar y clasificar materiales plásticos de color oscuro y/o de color negro que usan un sistema de visión o uno o más sistemas de sensores implementados con una o más cámaras infrarrojas de longitud de onda media, por lo que los datos de imagen capturados se procesan dentro de un sistema de aprendizaje automático a fin de identificar o categorizar cada uno de los materiales, que entonces se pueden clasificar en grupos separados con base en esta identificación o categorización.

Extraccion de modulos de bolsa de aire de chatarra automotriz.

Un sistema clasifica materiales usando un sistema de visión que implementa un sistema de inteligencia artificial para identificar o clasificar y luego retirar módulos de bolsas de aire para automóviles de un flujo de chatarra, que se puede haber producido de la trituración de vehículos al final de su vida útil. El proceso de clasificación se puede diseñar de tal manera que los módulos de bolsas de aire vivas no se activen, lo cual puede provocar daños al equipo o personas.

Clasificacion de etapas multiples.

Un sistema de clasificación de materiales clasifica materiales usando un sistema de aprendizaje automático para identificar o categorizar cada uno de los materiales, y se puede implementar adicionalmente para usar espectroscopia de ruptura inducida por láser o fluorescencia de rayos X para realizar una categorización y clasificación posterior de los materiales.

Multiple stage sorting

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and can be further implemented to utilize Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy or x-ray fluorescence to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the materials.

Sorting of aluminum alloys

A material handling system sorts mixed materials utilizing a combination of a spectroscopic sensor, such as x-ray fluorescence, and a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The system is capable of sorting between materials typically found within Zorba, such as wrought, cast, and extrusion aluminum alloys.

Sorting of zorba

A material handling system sorts mixed scrap materials utilizing a combination of a spectroscopy sensor, such as x-ray fluorescence, and a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification. The system is capable of sorting between materials typically found within Zorba, Zebra, and Twitch.

Probe head assembly

An apparatus for testing semiconductor devices including probe tips (122) for contacting input/output pads (102) on the device attached to a probe membrane (120) fixed to a package using a layer of elastomeric material (113). The elastomeric material and use of compliant bump probe tips (122) effect a global planarization for improved electrical contact between the probe assembly and the input/output contacts (102) on the device under test.

Metal separation in a scrap yard

An apparatus for classifying materials utilizing a vision system, which may implement an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, which may then be separated from a heap in a scrap yard into separate groups, such as other heaps, based on such an identification or classification. The artificial intelligence system may utilize a neural network, and be previously trained to recognize and classify certain types of materials.

Methods using dry powder deposition apparatuses

Provided is, among other things, a dry deposition apparatus for depositing grains on a substrate comprising: an electrostatic chuck having one or more collection zones, wherein the substrate is layered on the chuck for processing; a charged grain delivery apparatus for directing charged grains for electrostatic deposition on the substrate at the locations of the collection zones; and an optical detection device for quantifying the amount of grains deposited.

Separacion de metales en un deposito de chatarra.

Un aparato para clasificar materiales que usa un sistema de visión, que puede implementar un sistema de inteligencia artificial para identificar o clasificar cada uno de los materiales, que entonces se puede separar de un montón en un depósito de chatarra en grupos separados, tal como otros montones, con base en la identificación o clasificación. El sistema de inteligencia artificial puede usar una red neuronal y estar previamente entrenado para reconocer y clasificar ciertos tipos de materiales.

Flache feldemissionskathode anwendende flache anzeigevorrichtung mit triodenstruktur

Multiple stage sorting

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing multiple stages of classification and sorting, including a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and an x-ray fluorescence (“XRF”) system or Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the remaining materials.

Sorting based on chemical composition

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting materials in order to produce a collection of materials that are composed of a particular chemical composition in the aggregate. The system may utilize a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials. The sorting is then performed as a function of the classifications.

Sorting based on chemical composition

Systems and methods for classifying and sorting materials in order to produce a collection of materials that are composed of a particular chemical composition in the aggregate. The system may utilize a vision system and one or more sensor systems, which may implement a machine learning system in order to identify or classify each of the materials. The sorting is then performed as a function of the classifications.

Classification and sorting with single-board computers

A material handling system sorts materials utilizing a vision system of multiple vision devices configured with single board computers that each implement an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify materials, which are then sorted into separate groups based on such an identification or classification by sorting devices that are each coupled to one of the vision devices.

Portable materials analyzer

A portable materials analyzer is implemented in a small form factor. A sample of material pieces are retrieved from a larger container. The sample of material pieces are then analyzed by the analyzer using x-ray fluorescence, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, a vision system with artificial intelligence, etc. The number of the material pieces within the sample is a substantially small percentage of a total number of the material scrap pieces within the container. The analyzer then determines whether the classification of the material pieces within the sample corresponds to an expected classification of the entirety of material pieces within the container.

Removing airbag modules from automotive scrap

A system classifies materials utilizing a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify and then remove automotive airbag modules from a scrap stream, which may have been produced from a shredding of end-of-life vehicles. The sorting process may be designed so that live airbag modules are not activated, which may cause damage to equipment or persons.

Multiple stage sorting

A material sorting system sorts materials utilizing multiple stages of classification and sorting, including a vision system that implements an artificial intelligence system in order to identify or classify each of the materials, and an x-ray fluorescence (“XRF”) system or Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to perform a subsequent classification and sorting of the remaining materials.

Resonant tunnelling semiconductor devices

Analisis de datos de chatarra.

Un primer sistema de selección localizado en una primera ubicación geográfica, un segundo sistema de selección localizado en una segunda ubicación geográfica, un centro de datos localizado en una tercera ubicación geográfica, y una red de área amplia configurada para permitir comunicaciones de datos entre el primer sistema de selección y el centro de datos, y entre el segundo sistema de selección y el centro de datos. El primer sistema de selección usa un algoritmo de clasificación/selección para clasificar y seleccionar una primera mezcla de materiales, mediante el cual la información sobre resultados de la clasificación y selección de la primera mezcla de materiales es recolectada y transmitida al centro de datos a través de la red de área amplia. El centro de datos modifica el algoritmo de clasificación/selección como resultado de la información recolectada. El algoritmo de clasificación/selección modificado se pone entonces a disponibilidad para el primer sistema de selección y el segundo sistema de selección a través de la red de área amplia.