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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 34986. Отображено 100.

05-01-2012 дата публикации

Acid-lead battery electrode comprising a network of pores passing therethrough, and production method

Номер: US20120003543A1

Автор: Angel Zhivkov Kirchev, Nina Kircheva

Принадлежит: Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA

A structure including a network of parallel, homogeneous pores extending through the structure, and an outer frame around the lateral faces of the structure. The structure and the frame are made of carbon. The electrode is covered by a layer based on lead. The pores are filled with an active material based on lead.

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Номер записи: 1

02-02-2012 дата публикации

Systems and method for bio-electricity production

Номер: US20120028079A1

Автор: Liron Amir, Lital Alfonta, Simon Fishilevich

Принадлежит: Ben Gurion University of the Negev Research and Development Authority Ltd

A system and method for bio-electricity production are provided. The system includes a microorganism fuel cell in which the anode compartment comprises a microorganism cell having displayed thereon an enzyme to oxidize the substrate and generate electrons. Microorganism cells, such as bacteria or yeast, may be transformed to display enzymes such as oxidases, alcohol dehydrigenases and glucoamylases.

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Номер записи: 2

16-02-2012 дата публикации

Method for manufacturing porous structure and method for forming pattern

Номер: US20120037594A1

Автор: Koji Asakawa, Toshiro Hiraoka, Yasuyuki Hotta, Yoshihiro Akasaka

Принадлежит: Individual

A pattern forming material contains a block copolymer or graft copolymer and forms a structure having micro polymer phases, in which, with respect to at least two polymer chains among polymer chains constituting the block copolymer or graft copolymer, the ratio between N/(Nc−No) values of monomer units constituting respective polymer chains is 1.4 or more, where N represents total number of atoms in the monomer unit, Nc represents the number of carbon atoms in the monomer unit, No represents the number of oxygen atoms in the monomer unit.

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Номер записи: 3

23-02-2012 дата публикации

Electric storage device

Номер: US20120045685A1

Автор: Daisuke Seki, Katsuhiro Yoshida, Kouji Maeda, Masako Ooya, Risa Miyagawa, Yukinori Hato

Принадлежит: NEC Tokin Corp

To provide an electric storage device whose negative electrode can be doped with lithium ions in a short time and whose resistance can be lowered. An electric storage device including a unit that is obtained by alternately stacking a positive-electrode sheet 9 and a negative-electrode sheet 10 with a separator 3 interposed therebetween, the positive electrode sheet 9 including a positive-electrode active material layer 1 and a positive-electrode charge collector 4 , and the negative electrode sheet 10 including a negative-electrode active material layer 2 and a negative-electrode charge collector 5 , in which a foil, an etching foil, or a porous lath foil is used as the positive-electrode charge collector 4 and the negative-electrode charge collector 5 , a cut is made in a coating area of the positive-electrode active material layer 1 and the negative-electrode active material layer 2 , and a lithium supply source is disposed so as to be opposed to the negative electrode sheet 10 of the unit.

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Номер записи: 4

15-03-2012 дата публикации

Membrane electrode assembly, manufacturing method thereof, and fuel cells

Номер: US20120064430A1

Автор: Hiroo Yoshikawa, Junji Nakanishi, Kenji Tsubosaka

Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

The membrane electrode assembly 100 has an electrolyte layer 10 , a catalyst layer 20 , and a member 15 impregnated with electrolyte which is arranged between the electrolyte layer 10 and the catalyst layer 20 . At least part of the peripheral edge portion of the member 15 extends the outside the peripheral edge portions of the electrolyte layer and the catalyst layer 20 . With this kind of constitution, it is possible to easily separate the electrolyte layer 10 or the catalyst layer 20 from the member 15 from the extended portion of the member 15 . Consequently, it is possible to easily replace the electrolyte layer 10 and the catalyst layer 20.

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Номер записи: 5

22-03-2012 дата публикации

Method for producing porous metal body, porous aluminum body, battery electrode material including porous metal body or porous aluminum body, and electrode material for electrical double layer capacitor

Номер: US20120070735A1

Автор: Akihisa Hosoe, Hajime Ota, Kazuki Okuno, Kengo Goto, Koji Nitta, Koutarou Kimura, Masatoshi Majima, Shinji Inazawa, Shoichiro Sakai, Tomoyuki Awazu

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

A porous metal body containing continuous pores and having a low oxygen content is provided by decomposing a porous resin body that contains continuous pores and has a layer of a metal thereon by heating the porous resin body at a temperature equal to or less than the melting point of the metal while the porous resin body is immersed in a first molten salt and a negative potential is applied to the metal layer; and a method for producing the porous metal body is provided.

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Номер записи: 6

12-04-2012 дата публикации

Electrode for molten salt battery, molten salt battery, and method for producing electrode

Номер: US20120088139A1

Автор: Atsushi Fukunaga, Koji Nitta, Masatoshi Majima, Shinji Inazawa, Syoichiro Sakai

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

An electrode for a molten salt battery includes a current collector connectable to an electrode terminal of the molten salt battery and an active material. The current collector has an internal space in which small spaces are mutually coupled. The internal space of the current collector is filled with the active material.

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Номер записи: 7

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Nano-material catalyst device

Номер: US20120094216A1

Автор: Kimberly McGrath, R. Douglas Carpenter, Robert Brian Dopp

Принадлежит: Quantumsphere Inc

A catalyst member comprising a blended mixture of nano-scale metal particles compressed with larger metal particles and sintered to form a structurally stable member of any desired shape. The catalyst member can be used in one of many different applications; for example, as an electrode in a fuel cell or in an electrolysis device to generate hydrogen and oxygen.

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Номер записи: 8

10-05-2012 дата публикации

Wet lamination process for reducing mud cracking in fuel cell components

Номер: US20120111490A1

Автор: Bradley M. Houghtaling, Paul D. Nicotera, Robert R. Quiel, Scott C. Moose

Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

Methods of making a substantially crack-free electrode layer are described. The methods include depositing an electrode ink on a substrate; placing a solid polymer film on a surface of the wet electrode ink; drying the electrode ink; and removing the solid polymer film from the surface of the dry electrode ink to form the substantially crack-free electrode layer on the substrate.

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Номер записи: 9

24-05-2012 дата публикации

Substantially flat single cells for sofc stacks

Номер: US20120129068A1

Автор: Oh-Hun Kwon, Yeshwanth Narendar

Принадлежит: Saint Gobain Ceramics and Plastics Inc

A solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode layer, a cathode layer, and an electrolyte layer partitioning the anode layer and the cathode layer. The anode layer and the cathode layer are of about the same thickness and have about the same coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).

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Номер записи: 10

31-05-2012 дата публикации

Method for manufacturing a gasket

Номер: US20120131793A1

Автор: David Hock, Lars Fredriksson, Neil H. Puester

Принадлежит: Nilar International AB

A gasket for a bipolar battery comprises a structural part in the shape of a frame having an upper surface and a lower surface, and at least one channel to permit gas passage through the gasket. The structural part may be made from a first material having hydrophobic properties. The gasket further comprises at least a first sealing surface arranged in a closed loop projecting from the upper surface, and at least a second sealing surface arranged in a closed loop projecting from the lower surface. The first and the second sealing surfaces are provided on at least one sealing part, are made from a second material, and the first material of the structural part has a higher elastic modulus than an elastic modulus of the second material of the sealing parts. A bipolar battery and a method for manufacturing a gasket are also disclosed.

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Номер записи: 11

07-06-2012 дата публикации

Current collector for nonaqueous electrolyte battery, electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte battery, and nonaqueous electrolyte battery

Номер: US20120141882A1

Автор: Akihisa Hosoe, Koji Nitta, Masatoshi Majima, Nobuhiro Ota

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

A current collector for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, in which oxygen content in the surface of an aluminum porous body is low. The current collector is made of an aluminum porous body. The content of oxygen in an aluminum porous body surface is 3.1% by mass or less. The aluminum porous body includes an aluminum alloy containing at least one Cr, Mn and transition metal elements. The aluminum porous body can be prepared by a method in which, after an aluminum alloy layer is formed on the surface of a resin of a resin body having continuous pores, the resin body is heated to a temperature of the melting point of the aluminum alloy or less to thermally decompose the resin body while applying a potential lower than the standard electrode potential of aluminum to the aluminum alloy layer with the resin body dipped in a molten salt.

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Номер записи: 12

07-06-2012 дата публикации

Manufacturing a fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly

Номер: US20120141920A1

Автор: Jae Seung Lee

Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for manufacturing a fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly by forming a catalyst layer, which has uniform distribution, excellent porosity, and excellent bondability to a polymer electrolyte membrane, on a metal roll by an electrospray process and transferring the catalyst layer to a polymer electrolyte membrane.

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Номер записи: 13

14-06-2012 дата публикации

Manufacturing method of membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Номер: US20120148935A1

Автор: Hoon Hui Lee, Ji Seok Hwang, Nak Hyun Kwon

Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co, Kia Motors Corp

The present invention provides a method of fabricating a membrane-electrode assembly for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, and a membrane-electrode assembly and a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell formed thereby. In the method, a 3-layered membrane-electrode assembly is formed in which a catalyst electrode layer is disposed on both surfaces of a polymer electrolyte membrane. A sub-gasket having an opening therein and having a primer layer formed on one surface thereof is formed, and is attached on both surfaces of the 3-layered membrane-electrode assembly such that the surface of the sub-gasket having the primer layer formed thereon faces the outside (is exposed) and the catalyst electrode layer is exposed through the opening. A 7-layered membrane-electrode assembly is then formed by stacking a gas diffusion layer on the primer layer exposed on both surfaces of the 5-layered membrane-electrode assembly to cover the catalyst electrode layer, and then performing a hot-pressing process to attach the sub-gasket and the gas diffusion layer to each other via the primer layer.

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Номер записи: 14

14-06-2012 дата публикации

Inorganic and/or organic acid-containing catalyst ink and use thereof in the production of electrodes, catalyst-coated membranes, gas diffusion electrodes and membrane electrode units

Номер: US20120148936A1

Автор: Oemer Uensal, Sigmar Braeuninger

Принадлежит: BASF SE

Catalyst ink comprising one or more catalyst materials, a solvent component and at least one acid, an electrode comprising at least one catalyst ink according to the present invention, a membrane-electrode assembly comprising at least one electrode according to the invention or comprising at least one catalyst ink according to the present invention, a fuel cell comprising at least one membrane-electrode assembly according to the invention and also a process for producing a membrane-electrode assembly according to the present invention.

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Номер записи: 15

05-07-2012 дата публикации

Simultaneous polymerization of two vinyl monomer mixtures to opposite faces of a flat porous substrate

Номер: US20120171361A1

Автор: Hai Yang, John Barber, Liping Zheng, Russell James Macdonald

Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A bi-polar electrode having ion exchange polymers on opposite faces of a porous substrate is formed using a method that includes providing an electrode substrate with activated carbon layers on opposite faces of the electrode substrate, wherein said faces have an outer perimeter band void of the activated carbon layers. The electrode substrate is placed in a thermoplastic envelope formed by a pair of polyethylene films. A Mylar sheet is placed in each side of the envelope against the electrode substrate, and the envelope is thermally sealed to the outer perimeter band of the electrode substrate void of activated carbon to form a first pocket on one side of the electrode substrate and a second pocket on the opposite side of the electrode substrate. The method also includes inserting a first polymerizable monomer mixture having an anion exchange group into the first pocket of the envelope and inserting a second polymerizable monomer mixture having a cation exchange group into the second pocket of the envelope. The first and second polymerizable monomers mixtures are then polymerized in an oven.

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Номер записи: 16

12-07-2012 дата публикации

Cathode material for fuel cell, cathode for fuel cell including the same, method of manufacturing the cathode, and solid oxide fuel cell including the cathode

Номер: US20120178016A1

Автор: Doh-won JUNG, Hee-Jung Park

Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd, SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material for a fuel cell including a lanthanide metal oxide having a perovskite crystal structure; and a bismuth metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1 below, Bi 2-x-y A x B y O 3 , Chemical Formula 1 wherein A and B are each a metal with a valence of 3, A and B are each independently at least one element selected from a rare earth element and a transition metal element, A and B are different from each other, and 0<x≦0.3 and 0<y≦0.3.

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Номер записи: 17

26-07-2012 дата публикации

Manufacturing method of electrode catalyst layer, membrane electrode assembly using the same, fuel cell using the same and complex particles

Номер: US20120189941A1

Автор: Haruna Kurata, Hiroyuki Morioka, Kenichiro Oota, Saori Okada

Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention provides a manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer which contains a catalyst, carbon particles and a polymer electrolyte, wherein an oxide type of non-platinum catalyst is used as the catalyst and a fuel cell employing the electrode catalyst layer achieves a high level of power generation performance. The manufacturing method of the electrode catalyst layer of the present invention includes at least: preparing a first catalyst ink, in which a catalyst, first carbon particles and a first polymer electrolyte are dispersed in a first solvent, drying the first catalyst ink to form complex particles, preparing a second catalyst ink, in which the complex particles, second carbon particles and a second polymer electrolyte are dispersed in a second solvent, and coating the second catalyst ink on a substrate to form the electrode catalyst layer.

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Номер записи: 18

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Solid Electrolyte Including Layered Metal Oxide, Fuel Cell Including Thereof, Production Method for Solid Electrolyte, and Production Method for Electrode Catalyst

Номер: US20120202128A1

Автор: Ayaka Nakamura, Haruyuki Nakanishi, Hiroki Takahashi, Saburo Hosokawa, Tatsuya Takeguchi

Принадлежит: Hokkaido University NUC, Toyota Motor Corp

A solid electrolyte including a layered metal oxide represented by the formula (1), (La 1-x A x )(Sr 1-y B y ) 3 (Co 1-z C z ) 3 O 10-δ (1) [wherein A represents a rare earth element other than La; B represents Mg, Ca, or Ba; C represents Ti, V, Cr, or Mn; 0≦x≦1, 0≦y≦1, 0≦z<1; and δ represents an oxygen deficiency amount].

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Номер записи: 19

16-08-2012 дата публикации

Porous clusters of silver powder promoted by zirconium oxide for use as a catalyst in gas diffusion electrodes, and method for the production thereof

Номер: US20120208094A1

Автор: Arie Zaban, Ernst Khasin

Принадлежит: BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY

A catalyst including: a plurality of porous clusters of silver particles, each cluster of the clusters including: (a) a plurality of primary particles of silver, and (b) crystalline particles of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), wherein at least a portion of the crystalline particles of ZrO 2 is located in pores formed by a surface of the plurality of primary particles of silver.

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Номер записи: 20

13-09-2012 дата публикации

Porous ceramic molten metal composite solid oxide fuel cell anode

Номер: US20120231366A1

Автор: Eric D. Wachsman, Sean Robert Bishop

Принадлежит: University of Florida Research Foundation Inc

A fuel cell anode comprises a porous ceramic molten metal composite of a metal or metal alloy, for example, tin or a tin alloy, infused in a ceramic where the metal is liquid at the temperatures of an operational solid oxide fuel cell, exhibiting high oxygen ion mobility. The anode can be employed in a SOFC with a thin electrolyte that can be a ceramic of the same or similar composition to that infused with the liquid metal of the porous ceramic molten metal composite anode. The thicknesses of the electrolyte can be reduced to a minimum that allows greater efficiencies of the SOFC thereby constructed.

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Номер записи: 21

27-09-2012 дата публикации

Method and Electrochemical Cell for Synthesis and Treatment of Metal Monolayer Electrocatalysts Metal, Carbon, and Oxide Nanoparticles Ion Batch, or in Continuous Fashion

Номер: US20120245017A1

Автор: Junliang Zhang, KOTARO Sasaki, Radoslav Adzic

Принадлежит: BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES LLC

An apparatus and method for synthesis and treatment of electrocatalyst particles in batch or continuous fashion is provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a sonication bath and a two-compartment chamber submerged in the sonication bath. The upper and lower compartments are separated by a microporous material surface. The upper compartment comprises a cover and a working electrode (WE) connected to a Pt foil contact, with the foil contact connected to the microporous material. The upper chamber further comprises reference counter electrodes. The lower compartment comprises an electrochemical cell containing a solution of metal ions. In one embodiment, the method for synthesis of electrocatalysts comprises introducing a plurality of particles into the apparatus and applying sonication and an electrical potential to the microporous material connected to the WE. After the non-noble metal ions are deposited onto the particles, the non-noble metal ions are displaced by noble-metal ions by galvanic displacement.

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Номер записи: 22

04-10-2012 дата публикации

Composite, electrode active material for secondary lithium battery including the composite, method of preparing the composite, anode for secondary lithium battery including the electrode active material, and secondary lithium battery including the anode

Номер: US20120251882A1

Автор: Chang-Ui Jeong, Hee-Young Chu, Jae-Hyuk Kim, Jong-Seo Choi, Myung-Hwan Jeong, Sung-Hwan Moon, Yury Matulevich

Принадлежит: Samsung SDI Co Ltd

A composite includes a compound selected from the group consisting of a lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide and a lithium lanthanum tantalum oxide; a lanthanum oxide; and an oxide selected from the group consisting of a lanthanum zirconium oxide and a lanthanum tantalum oxide. An electrode active material for a secondary lithium battery may include such composite. Methods of preparing the composite, an electrode for a secondary lithium battery including the electrode active material, and a secondary lithium battery including the electrode are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 23

18-10-2012 дата публикации

Electrode for electrochemical device and method for producing the same

Номер: US20120264022A1

Автор: Akihisa Hosoe, Hajime Ota, Hideaki Sakaida, Junichi Nishimura, Kazuki Okuno, Kengo Goto, Koutarou Kimura

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd, Sumitomo Electric Toyama Co Ltd

Provided is electrochemical device, such as a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, which has excellent discharge characteristics and the like by forming a thick electrode using a metal porous body, such as an aluminum porous body, as a current collector. An electrode for an electrochemical device includes a metal porous body filled with an active material, in which the metal porous body is sheet-like and is a stacked porous body in which a plurality of single-layer metal porous bodies are stacked and electrically connected to each other. The metal porous body may be an aluminum porous body having a three-dimensional network structure.

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Номер записи: 24

01-11-2012 дата публикации

Porous medium with increased hydrophobicity and method of manufacturing the same

Номер: US20120276335A1

Автор: Bo Ki Hong, Kwang Ryeol Lee, Myoung Woon Moon, Sae Hoon Kim

Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAIST

The present invention provides a porous medium with increased hydrophobicity and a method of manufacturing the same, in which a micro-nano dual structure is provided by forming nanoprotrusions with a high aspect ratio by performing plasma etching on the surface of a porous medium with a micrometer-scale surface roughness and a hydrophobic thin film is deposited on the surface of the micro-nano dual structure, thus significantly increasing hydrophobicity. When this highly hydrophobic porous medium is used as a gas diffusion layer of a fuel cell, it is possible to efficiently discharge water produced during electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, thus preventing flooding in the fuel cell. Moreover, it is possible to sufficiently supply reactant gases such as hydrogen and air (oxygen) to a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), thus improving the performance of the fuel cell.

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Номер записи: 25

01-11-2012 дата публикации

In-vehicle algorithm for fuel cell stack health quantification

Номер: US20120276466A1

Автор: Andrew J. Maslyn, Balasubramanian Lakshmanan, Puneet K. Sinha

Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method for determining the health of fuel cells in a fuel cell stack. The method includes maintaining a constant flow of hydrogen to the anode side of the fuel cell stack, shutting off a flow of air to a cathode side of the fuel cell stack when a predetermined concentration of hydrogen in the anode side has been achieved, and identifying a catalyst surface area and a catalyst support surface area for catalyst layers in the fuel cell stack. The method also includes determining the total parasitic current of the fuel cell stack to determine a cross-over parasitic current and a shorting resistance of the fuel cell stack. The method further includes calculating the catalyst surface area and the catalyst support surface area of the catalyst layers and comparing the difference between the identified catalyst surface area and the calculated catalyst surface area to estimate the change in the catalyst surface area.

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Номер записи: 26

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Preparing method for integrated membrane-catalyst coated layer membrane electrode for a fuel cell

Номер: US20120279648A1

Автор: Danmin Xing, Ke Zhang, Pingwen Ming, Shufan Song, Yuhai Zhang, Zhongjun Hou

Принадлежит: Individual

An integrated method for preparing a fuel cell membrane-catalyst coated membrane electrode, comprising preparation a proto exchange membrane and preparing catalyst coated membrane electrode, characterized in that: the proton exchange membrane is prepared by casting, dipping or spraying proton exchange resin solution (401) to obtain a precursor without post-treatment; the catalyst coated membrane electrode (CCM), is produced by directly coating electrode slurry on both sides of precursor of proton exchange membrane using a method chosen from screen-printing, spraying or brushing, and drying to obtain a CCM precursor with stable morphology; and treating the CCM precursor with ion transformation, heat and activation. The membrane electrode assembly preparation method in the present invention has the following characteristics: simplified preparation process, easy to scale up production, high electrochemical activity, good mechanical strength and stable structure morphology of the prepared membrane electrode assembly.

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Номер записи: 27

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Battery structures, self-organizing structures, and related methods

Номер: US20120282530A1

Автор: William Douglas Moorehead, Yet-Ming Chiang

Принадлежит: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

An energy storage device includes a first electrode comprising a first material and a second electrode comprising a second material, at least a portion of the first and second materials forming an interpenetrating network when dispersed in an electrolyte, the electrolyte, the first material and the second material are selected so that the first and second materials exert a repelling force on each other when combined. An electrochemical device, includes a first electrode in electrical communication with a first current collector; a second electrode in electrical communication with a second current collector; and an ionically conductive medium in ionic contact with said first and second electrodes, wherein at least a portion of the first and second electrodes form an interpenetrating network and wherein at least one of the first and second electrodes comprises an electrode structure providing two or more pathways to its current collector.

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Номер записи: 28

22-11-2012 дата публикации

High-potential stable oxide support for polymer electrolyte fuel cell

Номер: US20120295184A1

Автор: Hiroyuki Uchida, Katsuyoshi Kakinuma, Makoto Uchida, Masahiro Watanabe, Takeo Kamino

Принадлежит: University of Yamanashi NUC

Disclosed is an oxide and/or nitride support for electrode catalysts, which is used for electrodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC). The support for electrode catalysts is an aggregation body of primary particles of oxide of at least one kind of metal selected from rare earths, alkaline earths, transition metals, niobium, bismuth, tin, antimony, zirconium, molybdenum, indium, tantalum, and tungsten, and the aggregation body is configured such that at least 80% of the metal oxide primary particles having a size of 5 nm to 100 nm aggregate and bind each other to form dendritic or chain structures each of which is made of 5 or more of the metal oxide primary particles.

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Номер записи: 29

29-11-2012 дата публикации

Carbon nanotube and nanofiber film-based membrane electrode assemblies

Номер: US20120301812A1

Автор: Ben Wang, Changchun Zeng, Chun Zhang, Jian-ping (Jim) Zheng, Wei Zhu, Zhiyong Liang

Принадлежит: Florida State University Research Foundation Inc

A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell comprising a catalyst layer and a method of making the same. The catalyst layer can include a plurality of catalyst nanoparticles, e.g., platinum, disposed on buckypaper. The method can include the steps of placing buckypaper in a vessel with a catalyst-precursor salt and a fluid. The temperature and pressure conditions within the vessel are modified so as to place the fluid in the supercritical state. The supercritical state of the supercritical fluid containing the precursor salt is maintained for period of time to impregnate the buckypaper with the catalyst-precursor salt. Catalyst nanoparticles are deposited on the buckypaper. The supercritical fluid and the precursor are removed to form a metal catalyst impregnated buckypaper.

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Номер записи: 30

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Three-dimensional network aluminum porous body for current collector and method for producing the same

Номер: US20120308886A1

Автор: Akihisa Hosoe, Hajime Ota, Junichi Nishimura, Kazuki Okuno, Kengo Goto, Koutarou Kimura

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

The present invention provides an electrode current collector for a secondary battery or the like, wherein a compressed part for attaching a tab lead to an end part of the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body to be used as an electrode current collector of a secondary battery, a capacitor using a nonaqueous electrolytic solution or the like is formed, and a method for producing the same. That is, the present invention provides a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body for a current collector having a compressed part compressed in a thickness direction for connecting a tab lead to its end part, wherein the compressed part is formed at a central part in the thickness direction of the aluminum porous body.

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Номер записи: 31

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Advanced membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells

Номер: US20120308914A1

Автор: Byran S. Pivovar, Yu Seung Kim

Принадлежит: Los Alamos National Security LLC

A method of preparing advanced membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) for use in fuel cells. A base polymer is selected for a base membrane. An electrode composition is selected to optimize properties exhibited by the membrane electrode assembly based on the selection of the base polymer. A property-tuning coating layer composition is selected based on compatibility with the base polymer and the electrode composition. A solvent is selected based on the interaction of the solvent with the base polymer and the property-tuning coating layer composition. The MEA is assembled by preparing the base membrane and then applying the property-tuning coating layer to form a composite membrane. Finally, a catalyst is applied to the composite membrane.

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Номер записи: 32

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Cathode material for fuel cell, cathode including the cathode material, solid oxide fuel cell including the cathode

Номер: US20120308915A1

Автор: Dengjie CHEN, Hee-Jung Park, Huangang SHI, Kyoung-seok MOON, Soo-Yeon Seo, Zongping Shao

Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd, SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A cathode material for a fuel cell, the cathode material including a first metal oxide having a perovskite structure; and a second metal oxide having a spinel structure.

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Номер записи: 33

13-12-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing fuel cell electrode catalyst, process for producing transition metal oxycarbonitride, fuel cell electrode catalyst and uses thereof

Номер: US20120315568A1

Автор: Chunfu Yu, Kazunori Ichioka, Kenichiro Ota, Kunchan Lee, Masaki Horikita, Ryoko Konta, Ryuji Monden, Takashi Sato, Takuya Imai, Yasuaki Wakizaka

Принадлежит: Showa Denko KK

Provided is a process for producing a fuel cell electrode catalyst having high catalytic activity which uses a transition metal, e.g., titanium, which process comprises thermal treatment at relatively low temperature, i.e., not including thermal treatment at high temperature (calcining) step. The process for producing a fuel cell electrode catalyst comprises a step ( 1 ) of mixing at least a transition metal-containing compound, a nitrogen-containing organic compound and a solvent to provide a catalyst precursor solution; a step ( 2 ) of removing the solvent from the catalyst precursor solution; and a step ( 3 ) of thermally treating a solid residue obtained in the step ( 2 ) at a temperature of 500 to 1100° C. to provide an electrode catalyst; wherein the transition metal-containing compound is partly or wholly a compound comprising at least one transition metal element (M1) selected from the group 4 and 5 elements of the periodic table as a transition metal element.

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Номер записи: 34

27-12-2012 дата публикации

Three-dimensional network aluminum porous body, electrode using the aluminum porous body, and nonaqueous electrolyte battery, capacitor and lithium-ion capacitor with nonaqueous electrolytic solution, each using the electrode

Номер: US20120328957A1

Автор: Akihisa Hosoe, Hajime Ota, Hideaki Sakaida, Junichi Nishimura, Kazuki Okuno, Kengo Goto, Koutarou Kimura

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd, Sumitomo Electric Toyama Co Ltd

It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional network aluminum porous body which enables to produce an electrode continuously, an electrode using the aluminum porous body, and a method for producing the electrode. The present invention provides a long sheet-shaped three-dimensional network aluminum porous body to be used as a base material in a method for producing an electrode including at least winding off, a thickness adjustment step, a lead welding step, an active material filling step, a drying step, a compressing step, a cutting step and winding-up, wherein the three-dimensional network aluminum porous body has a tensile strength of 0.2 MPa or more and 5 MPa or less.

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Номер записи: 35

27-12-2012 дата публикации

Material for solid oxide fuel cell, cathode including the material and solid oxide fuel cell including the material

Номер: US20120328970A1

Автор: Chan Kwak, Hee-Jung Park, Soo-Yeon Seo

Принадлежит: Samsung Electro Mechanics Co Ltd, SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A material for a solid oxide fuel cell, the material including: a first compound having a perovskite crystal structure, a first ionic conductivity, a first electronic conductivity, and a first thermal expansion coefficient, wherein the first compound is represented by Formula 1 below; and a second compound having a perovskite crystal structure, a second ionic conductivity, a second electronic conductivity, and a second thermal expansion coefficient, Ba a Sr b Co x Fe y Z 1-x-y O 3-δ , Formula 1 wherein Z is a transition metal element, a lanthanide element, or a combination thereof, a and b satisfy 0.4≦a≦0.6 and 0.4≦b≦0.6, respectively, x and y satisfy 0.6≦x≦0.9 and 0.1≦y≦0.4, respectively, and δ is selected so that the first compound is electrically neutral.

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Номер записи: 36

10-01-2013 дата публикации

Cathode Catalyst Layer, Manufacturing Method Thereof and Membrane Electrode Assembly

Номер: US20130011764A1

Автор: Haruna Kurata, Hiroyuki Morioka, Kenichiro Oota, Saori Okada

Принадлежит: Toppan Printing Co Ltd

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the use ratio of active sites in a catalyst having oxygen reduction activity so as to provide a cathode catalyst layer and MEA for a fuel cell with high a level of power generation performance. The present invention includes a process of introducing a functional group into a surface of the catalyst 13 which has oxygen reduction activity and a process of blending the catalyst 13 with the functional group on the surface together with an electron conductive material and a proton conductive polymer electrolyte to prepare a catalyst ink for forming the cathode catalyst layer for the fuel cell.

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Номер записи: 37

17-01-2013 дата публикации

Fuel cell with selectively conducting anode component

Номер: US20130017471A1

Автор: Amy Shun-Wen Yang, Andrew Leow, Francine Berretta, Guy Pépin, Herwig Haas, Joy Roberts, Nicolae Barsan, Richard Fellows, Yvonne Hsieh

Принадлежит: DAIMLER AG, Ford Motor Co

To reduce degradation of a solid polymer fuel cell during startup and shutdown, a selectively conducting component is incorporated in electrical series with the anode components in the fuel cell. The component is characterized by a low electrical resistance in the presence of hydrogen or fuel and a high resistance in the presence of air. High cathode potentials can be prevented by integrating such a component into the fuel cell. A suitable selectively conducting component can comprise a layer of selectively conducting material, such as a metal oxide.

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Номер записи: 38

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same

Номер: US20130029246A1

Автор: Takashi Akiyama

Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte membrane, an anode-side separator having a fuel flow channel for supplying fuel, and a cathode-side separator having an oxidant flow channel for supplying oxidant. The anode includes an anode catalyst layer and an anode diffusion layer, and the cathode includes a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode diffusion layer. At least one of the fuel flow channel and the oxidant flow channel has a plurality of parallel linear portions. The anode catalyst layer or the cathode catalyst layer has a plurality of belt-like first regions facing the linear portions and at least one second region between the adjacent first regions. The amount of catalyst in the first regions per unit area is on average larger than the amount of catalyst in the at least one second region per unit area.

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Номер записи: 39

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Core-shell type metal nanoparticles and method for producing the same

Номер: US20130029842A1

Автор: Atsuo Iio, Hiroko Kimura, Koshi Sekizawa, Naoki Takehiro, Tatsuya Arai

Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

The present invention provides core-shell type metal nanoparticles having a high surface coverage of the core portion with the shell portion, and a method for producing the same. Disclosed is core-shell type metal nanoparticles comprising a core portion comprising a core metal material and a shell portion covering the core portion, wherein the core portion substantially has no {100 } plane of the core metal material on the surface thereof.

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Номер записи: 40

07-02-2013 дата публикации

Electrochemical Synthesis of Elongated Noble Metal Nanoparticles, such as Nanowires and Nanorods, on High-Surface Area Carbon Supports

Номер: US20130034803A1

Автор: Miomir Vukmirovic, Radoslav Adzic, Stoyan Blyznakov

Принадлежит: BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES LLC

Elongated noble-metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. The method involves the formation of a plurality of elongated noble-metal nanoparticles by electrochemical deposition of the noble metal on a high surface area carbon support, such as carbon nanoparticles. Prior to electrochemical deposition, the carbon support may be functionalized by oxidation, thus making the manufacturing process simple and cost-effective. The generated elongated nanoparticles are covalently bound to the carbon support and can be used directly in electrocatalysis. The process provides elongated noble-metal nanoparticles with high catalytic activities and improved durability in combination with high catalyst utilization since the nanoparticles are deposited and covalently bound to the carbon support in their final position and will not change in forming an electrode assembly.

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Номер записи: 41

21-03-2013 дата публикации

PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL ELECTRODE STRUCTURATION

Номер: US20130071771A1

Автор: Escribano Sylvie, Franco Alejandro, Vincent Rèmi

Принадлежит: Commissariat A L'Energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives

An electrode for an electrochemical system, such as a fuel cell, is formed by an active layer including: pores; at least one catalyst; at least one ionomer; and electrically-conductive particles. The catalyst content per pore ranges between 30 and 500 mg/cmwith respect to the pore volume. 2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst content per pore ranges between 100 and 200 mg/cm.3. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein thickness of the active layer ranges between 10 and 20 micrometers.4. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is based on platinum.5. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises platinized carbon.6. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein amount of catalyst ranges between 0.03 mg/cmand 0.25 mg/cmwith respect to a geometric surface of the electrode.7. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein total volume of the pores ranges between 0.0005 cm/cmand 0.0012 cm/cmwith respect to a geometric surface of the electrode.8. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrically-conductive particles are selected from the group consisting of carbon black claim 1 , carbon fibers claim 1 , carbon nanotubes claim 1 , a mixture thereof claim 1 , and any other conductive pigment.9. A cathode of an electrochemical system claim 1 , comprising the electrode of10. A membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) of an electrochemical system claim 1 , comprising the electrode of .11. A method for manufacturing the electrode of claim 1 , comprising deposition of a catalytic ink comprising at least one catalyst claim 1 , at least one ionomer claim 1 , and electrically-conductive particles.12. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical system comprises a fuel cell.13. The electrode of claim 5 , wherein the catalyst comprises platinized carbon nanoparticles.14. The electrode of claim 7 , wherein the total volume of the pores comprises 0.001 cm/cmwith respect to the geometric surface of the electrode. The present disclosure relates to the field of proton exchange ...

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Номер записи: 42

21-03-2013 дата публикации

INTEGRALLY MOLDED GASKET FOR A FUEL CELL ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20130071772A1

Автор: BELCHUK Mark A.

Принадлежит: FREUDENBERG-NOK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP

A fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising first and second gas diffusion layers and an ion exchange membrane disposed between the diffusion layers. Each diffusion layer includes an inner surface facing the membrane, an outer surface opposite the inner surface, and a side surface defining a perimeter of the diffusion layers. An outboard region extends about the diffusion layers at the perimeter. The outboard region surrounds an inboard region. The outboard region has a low density region proximate to the side surface and a high density region between the low density region and the inboard portion. A seal is mounted at the low density region. The high density region prevents portions of the seal from entering the inboard region thereby damaging the MEA. The seal includes a first rim having a smaller radius than a second rim. The smaller radius allows the seal to fit between adjacent support plates and increases the durability of the seal. 1. A method for manufacturing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly having an ion exchange membrane affixed between a first gas diffusion layer and a second gas diffusion layer , the method comprising the steps of:positioning the first and the second gas diffusion layers with the membrane in-between between two halves of a thermo-mold assembly, each mold half having a protruding region that mirrors the location of a high density region to be formed in the first and second gas diffusion layers at an outboard region that extends about a periphery of the first and second diffusion layers;closing the mold halves under heat such that the protruding regions of the mold halves compress the first and the second diffusion layers at the high density regions to increase the density of the first and second diffusion layers at the high density regions;injecting an elastomeric material that is heated to a liquid within a cavity of the closed mold, the cavity located about the periphery of the membrane electrode assembly at a low ...

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Номер записи: 43

21-03-2013 дата публикации

Catalyst containing oxygen transport membrane

Номер: US20130072375A1

Автор: Gervase Maxwell Christie, Jamie R. WILSON, Jonathan A. Lane

Принадлежит: Praxair Technology Inc

A composite oxygen transport membrane having a dense layer, a porous support layer and an intermediate porous layer located between the dense layer and the porous support layer. Both the dense layer and the intermediate porous layer are formed from an ionic conductive material to conduct oxygen ions and an electrically conductive material to conduct electrons. The porous support layer has a high permeability, high porosity, and a microstructure exhibiting substantially uniform pore size distribution as a result of using PMMA pore forming materials or a bi-modal particle size distribution of the porous support layer materials. Catalyst particles selected to promote oxidation of a combustible substance are located in the intermediate porous layer and in the porous support adjacent to the intermediate porous layer. The catalyst particles can be formed by wicking a solution of catalyst precursors through the porous support toward the intermediate porous layer.

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Номер записи: 44

28-03-2013 дата публикации

Oxygen-consuming electrode and process for production thereof

Номер: US20130075249A1

Автор: Andreas Bulan, Jürgen Kintrup

Принадлежит: Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH

An oxygen-consuming electrode is described, more particularly for use in chloralkali electrolysis, comprising a novel catalyst coating, as is an electrolysis apparatus. Also described is a production process for the oxygen-consuming electrode and the use thereof in chloralkali electrolysis or fuel cell technology. The oxygen-consuming electrode comprises at least an electrically conductive support, an electrical contact site and a gas diffusion layer comprising a catalytically active component, characterized in that the coating at least one fluorinated polymer, silver in the form of silver particles and silver oxide in the form of silver oxide particles, which is produced in a selected precipitation step.

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Номер записи: 45

28-03-2013 дата публикации

THREE-DIMENSIONAL MICROBATTERY HAVING A POROUS SILICON ANODE

Номер: US20130078513A1

Автор: NATHAN Menachem

Принадлежит: Ramot at Tel-Aviv University Ltd.

An electrical energy storage device () includes a silicon substrate (), which is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers () having porous silicon walls (), which are configured to serve as an anode layer. A cathode layer () overlies the micro-containers, with a separator layer () intermediate the anode layer and the cathode layer. 1. An electrical energy storage device , comprising:a silicon substrate, which has opposing first and second surfaces and is formed so as to define a multiplicity of micro-containers having porous silicon walls, which are configured to serve as an anode layer, the multiplicity of the micro-containers comprising first and second sets of the micro-containers, which are respectively formed in the opposing, first and second surfaces of the substrate;a cathode layer overlying and extending into only the first set of the micro-containers; anda separator layer extending into only the first set of the micro-containers, intermediate the anode layer and the cathode layer.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon is impregnated with lithium.3. The device according to claim 1 , and comprising an anode current collector in electrical communication with the anode layer.4. The device according to claim 1 , and comprising a cathode current collector in electrical communication with the cathode layer.5. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon extends through an entire thickness of the walls.6. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the porous silicon extends partially through the walls.79-. (canceled)10. A method for fabricating an electrical energy storage device claim 1 , comprising:forming a multiplicity of micro-containers in a substrate having opposing first and second surfaces, the micro-containers having walls comprising porous silicon configured to serve as an anode layer, the multiplicity of the micro-containers comprising first and second sets of the micro-containers, which are ...

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Номер записи: 46

28-03-2013 дата публикации

Electrode catalyst for fuel cell, method of preparation, mea including the catalyst, and fuel cell including the mea

Номер: US20130078548A1

Автор: Chan-ho Pak, Dae-jong Yoo, Kang-Hee Lee, Seon-Ah Jin

Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD, Samsung SDI Co Ltd

An electrode catalyst for fuel cell, a method of preparing the electrode catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly including the electrode catalyst, and a fuel cell including the membrane electrode assembly. The electrode catalyst includes a crystalline catalyst particle incorporating a precious metal having oxygen reduction activity and a Group 13 element, where the Group 13 element is present in a unit lattice of the crystalline catalyst particle.

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Номер записи: 47

25-04-2013 дата публикации

Gas Diffusion Electrode, Method of Producing Same, Membrane Electrode Assembly Comprising Same and Method of Producing Membrane Electrode Assembly Comprising Same

Номер: US20130101906A1

Автор: Andre-Viktor Claes, Philippe Vermeiren, Walter Adriansens, Yolanda Alvarez Gallego

Принадлежит: VITO NV

A process for producing a gas diffusion electrode comprising the steps of: casting a porous electrically conductive web with a suspension of particles of an electrically conductive material in a solution of a first binder to provide a first layer which is an electrochemically active layer (AL); casting a suspension of particles of a hydrophobic material in a solution of a second binder on said first layer to provide a second layer; and subjecting said first and second layer to phase inversion thereby realising porosity in both said first layer and said second layer, wherein said subjection of said second layer to phase inversion thereby realises a water repellent layer; a gas diffusion electrode obtained therewith; the use of a gas diffusion electrode in an membrane electrode assembly; a membrane electrode assembly comprising the gas diffusion electrode; and a method of producing a membrane electrode assembly is realised, said membrane electrode assembly comprising a membrane sandwiched between two electrodes at least one of which is a gas diffusion electrode, wherein said method comprises the step of casting said membrane electrode assembly in a single pass.

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Номер записи: 48

02-05-2013 дата публикации

POROUS CURRENT COLLECTOR, METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME AND FUEL CELL INCLUDING POROUS CURRENT COLLECTOR

Номер: US20130108947A1

Автор: Hiraiwa Chihiro, Majima Masatoshi, Okuno Kazuki

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

To provide a porous current collector that can be produced at a low cost, has high heat resistance and high oxidation resistance, has a required mechanical strength, and, in the case of being applied to a fuel cell operated at a high temperature, can exhibit high durability. A porous current collector is used in a fuel cell including a solid electrolyte layer a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the solid electrolyte layer and a second electrode layer disposed on another side of the solid electrolyte layer the porous current collector including continuous pores and a Ni—Sn alloy layer covering at least a surface of the porous current collector 1. A porous current collector used in a fuel cell including a solid electrolyte layer , a first electrode layer disposed on a side of the solid electrolyte layer , and a second electrode layer disposed on another side of the solid electrolyte layer , the porous current collector comprising:continuous pores and a Ni—Sn alloy layer covering at least a surface of the porous current collector.2. The porous current collector according to claim 1 , wherein a Sn content in the Ni—Sn alloy layer is 5% to 30% by weight.3. The porous current collector according to claim 1 , wherein the Ni—Sn alloy layer is formed by forming a Sn layer on a Ni layer and subsequently heating the Ni layer and the Sn layer to cause diffusion therebetween.4. The porous current collector according to claim 1 , wherein the current collector has a porosity of 50% to 98%; and when the current collector is heated in an air atmosphere at 600° C. or more and a load of 30 Kgf/cmis subsequently applied to the current collector at room temperature claim 1 , variation in a thickness of the current collector is less than 30%.5. The porous current collector according to claim 1 , wherein a Sn oxide film having a thickness of at least 10 nm and electric conductivity is formed in a surface of the alloy layer in an oxidizing atmosphere at a high temperature of 600° ...

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Номер записи: 49

09-05-2013 дата публикации

Battery grid with varied corrosion resistance

Номер: US20130115509A1

Автор: Bart William Sauer, Feng Xue, Glenn W. Andersen, James S. Symanski, Jianxun Hu, Joseph F. Mathews, M. Eric Taylor, Mohamadkheir Alkhateeb

Принадлежит: Johnson Controls Technology Co

A battery grid is disclosed. The battery grid includes a pattern of grid wires. The pattern includes a grid wire having a first segment with a first corrosion resistance and a second segment with a second corrosion resistance which is less than the first corrosion resistance. The second segment corrodes at a rate which is faster than the corrosion rate of the first segment so as to dynamically release internal stress and control grid growth of the battery grid during its service life. A battery includes said grid and a method of forming said grid are also disclosed.

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Номер записи: 50

09-05-2013 дата публикации

RECHARGEABLE ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

Номер: US20130115524A1

Автор: GARSUCH Arnd, GASTEIGER Hubert, PIANA Michele, TSIOUVARAS Nikolaos

Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising (A) at least one cathode comprising (A1) at least one cathode active material comprising (a) at least one graphitized carbon black and (aa) at least one binder, and optionally at least one solid material through which gas can diffuse or which optionally serves as a carrier for the cathode active material, and B) at least one anode comprising metallic magnesium, metallic aluminum, metallic zinc, metallic sodium or metallic lithium. 1. A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising (A1) at least one cathode active material comprising', '(a) at least one graphitized carbon black and', '(aa) at least one binder, and', 'optionally at least one solid medium through which gas can diffuse or which optionally serves as a carrier for the cathode active material,, 'A) at least one cathode comprising'}andB) at least one anode comprising metallic magnesium, metallic aluminum, metallic zinc, metallic sodium or metallic lithium.2. The rechargeable electrochemical cell according to claim 1 , wherein cathode (A) is a gas diffusion electrode.3. The rechargeable electrochemical cell according to or claim 1 , wherein the graphitized carbon black (a) has a BET surface area in the range from 1 to 150 m/g.4. The rechargeable electrochemical cell according to any of to claim 1 , wherein the graphitized carbon black (a) has been obtained by thermal treatment of a carbon black which has been produced by a process selected from the furnace process claim 1 , gas black process claim 1 , lamp black process claim 1 , acetylene black process and thermal black process claim 1 , at a temperature of more than 2000° C.5. The rechargeable electrochemical cell according to any of to claim 1 , wherein the graphitized carbon black (a) is in the form of particles having an average particle size in the range from 0.5 μm to 1 μm.6. The rechargeable electrochemical cell according to any of to claim 1 , wherein the cathode active ...

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Номер записи: 51

09-05-2013 дата публикации

Rechargeable lithium air batteries

Номер: US20130115527A1

Автор: Ming Au

Принадлежит: SAVANNAH RIVER NUCLEAR SOLUTIONS LLC

A rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-air battery is provided having a multilayered cathode structure which uses a functionized carbon paper base with tubular catalysts. The multilayer cathode has a sufficient pore size to prevent clogging of the cathode by reaction products and further has a hydrophobic coating to repel moisture. The stable electrolyte is made by ionic liquid and additives which have no reaction with discharge products and offers solubility for oxygen and lithium oxide.

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Номер записи: 52

16-05-2013 дата публикации

POROUS METAL BODY, AND ELECTRODE MATERIAL AND BATTERY BOTH INCORPORATING THE BODY

Номер: US20130122375A1

Автор: Goto Kengo, HOSOE Akihisa, Kimura Koutarou, Nishimura Junichi, Okuno Kazuki, Ota Hajime

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

The invention offers a porous metal body that has a three-dimensional network structure, that has less reduction in performance during the pressing and compressing steps when an electrode material is produced, and that can be used as an electrode material capable of achieving good electric properties, a method of producing the porous metal body, and an electrode material and a battery both incorporating the foregoing porous metal body. A porous metal body has a skeleton structure that is formed of a metal layer, that has a three-dimensional network structure, and that has an end portion provided with a nearly spherical portion. It is desirable that the metal be aluminum and that the nearly spherical portion have a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the skeleton structure. 1. A porous metal body , comprising a skeleton structure that is formed of a metal layer , that has a three-dimensional network structure , and that has an end portion provided with a nearly spherical portion.2. The porous metal body as defined by claim 1 , wherein the metal is aluminum.3. The porous metal body as defined by claim 1 , wherein the nearly spherical portion has a diameter larger than an outer diameter of the skeleton structure.4. The porous metal body as defined by claim 1 , wherein the skeleton structure has a cross section of a nearly triangular shape claim 1 , the triangular shape has an outer diameter of 100 μm or more and 250 μm or less claim 1 , and the metal layer has a thickness of 0.5 μm or more and 10 μm or less.5. The porous metal body as defined by claim 1 , having the shape of a sheet that has a thickness of 1 claim 1 ,000 μm or more and 3 claim 1 ,000 μm or less;{'sup': 2', '2, 'wherein at the thickness of 1,000 μm, the quantity of aluminum per unit area is 120 g/mor more and 180 g/mor less.'}6. An electrode material claim 1 , comprising the porous metal body as defined by that carries an active material.7. A battery claim 6 , comprising the electrode material as ...

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Номер записи: 53

16-05-2013 дата публикации

Composition, composite prepared from the composition, electrode using the composition or the composite, composite membrane including the composite, and fuel cell including the composite membrane

Номер: US20130122395A1

Автор: Chan-ho Pak, Ki-Hyun Kim, Pil-Won Heo, Seong-Woo Choi

Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

A composition including a cross-linkable compound and at least one selected from compounds represented by Formula 1, a composite obtained from the composition, an electrode including the composition or the composite, a composite membrane including the composite, and a fuel cell including the composite membrane, wherein, in Formula 1, a and R are as defined in the specification.

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Номер записи: 54

16-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE USING PLASMON- RESONATING NANOPARTICLES

Номер: US20130122396A1

Автор: Christopher Phillip N., Linic Suljo

Принадлежит: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Disclosed herein are methods and articles that include a plasmon-resonating nanostructure that employ a photo-thermal mechanism to catalyze the reduction of an oxidant. As such, the plasmon-resonating nanostructure catalyzes a redox reaction at a temperature below a predetermined activation temperature. The method can be efficiently used to catalyze the reduction of an oxidant, for example in a catalytic reactor or in a fuel cell that includes a photon source. 1. A method comprising:supplying an oxidant having a π-antibonding orbital to a surface of a plasmon-resonating nanostructure;exposing the plasmon-resonating nanostructure to photons at a wavelength sufficient to photoexcite the plasmon-resonating nanostructure; andreducing the oxidant at a rate about 1.1 to about 10,000, times the rate of reduction of the oxidant under the same conditions but in the absence of the photons.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step ofreducing the oxidant comprises reducing the oxidant at a temperature below a predetermined thermodynamic barrier.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising supplying and oxidizing a reductant at the temperature below the predetermined activation temperature.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the reductant is an alkene.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the alkene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene claim 4 , propylene claim 4 , and butylene.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the reductant is a material selected from the group consisting of hydrogen claim 3 , methanol claim 3 , and ammonia.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasmon-resonating nanostructure is present on a support.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the support is one of silica and alumina.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing the oxidant produces an oxidation product selected from a group consisting of water claim 1 , ethylene oxide claim 1 , propylene oxide claim 1 , acrylonitrile claim 1 , propenal claim 1 , acrylic acid claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 55

16-05-2013 дата публикации

ELECTRODES HAVING Pt NANOPARTICLES ON RuO2 NANOSKINS

Номер: US20130122401A1

Автор: Christopher N. Chervin, Debra R. Rolison, Jeffrey W. Long, Jeremy J. Pietron, Michael B. Pomfret

Принадлежит: US Department of Navy

An article having a titanium, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, tantalum, aluminum, silicon, or stainless steel substrate, a RuO 2 coating on a portion of the substrate; and a plurality of platinum nanoparticles on the RuO 2 coating. The RuO 2 coating contains nanoparticles of RuO 2 . A method of: immersing the substrate in a solution of RuO 4 and a nonpolar solvent at a temperature that is below the temperature at which RuO 4 decomposes to RuO 2 in the nonpolar solvent in the presence of the article; warming the article and solution to ambient temperature under ambient conditions to cause the formation of a RuO 2 coating on a portion of the article; and electrodepositing platinum nanoparticles on the RuO 2 coating.

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Номер записи: 56

23-05-2013 дата публикации

Electricity supply element and ceramic separator thereof

Номер: US20130130091A1

Автор: Szu-Nan Yang

Принадлежит: Prologium Holding Inc

An electricity supply element and the ceramic separator thereof are provided. The ceramic separator is adapted to separate two electrode layers of the electricity supply element for permitting ion migration and electrical separation. The ceramic separator is made of ceramic particulates and the adhesive. The adhesive employs dual binder system, which includes linear polymer and cross-linking polymer. The adhesion and heat tolerance are enhanced by the characteristic of the two type of polymers. The respective position of the two electrode layers are maintained during high operation temperature to improve the stability, and battery performance. Also, the ceramic separator enhances the ion conductivity and reduces the possibility of the micro-short to increase practical utilization.

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Номер записи: 57

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Cathode catalyst for rechargeable metal-air battery and rechargeable metal-air battery

Номер: US20130143133A1

Автор: Fanny Jeanne Julie Barde, Laurence James HARDWICK, Peter George Bruce, Stefan Freunberger

Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp, University of St Andrews

The present invention is to provide a cathode catalyst capable of increasing the initial capacity, decreasing the charging voltage and improving the capacity retention of a rechargeable metal-air battery, and a rechargeable metal-air battery having high initial capacity, excellent charge-discharge efficiency, and excellent capacity retention. A cathode catalyst for a rechargeable metal-air battery comprising NiFe 2 O 4 , and a rechargeable metal-air battery comprising an air cathode containing at least NiFe 2 O 4 , an anode containing at least a negative-electrode active material and an electrolyte interposed between the air cathode and the anode.

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Номер записи: 58

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Fuel Cell with an Improved Electrode

Номер: US20130143148A1

Автор: Greenberg Robert J., Zhou David Daomin

Принадлежит: Second Sight Medical Products, Inc.

An improved platinum and method for manufacturing the improved platinum wherein the platinum having a fractal surface coating of platinum, platinum gray, with a increase in surface area of at least 5 times when compared to shiny platinum of the same geometry and also having improved resistance to physical stress when compared to platinum black having the same surface area. The process of electroplating the surface coating of platinum gray comprising plating at a moderate rate, for example at a rate that is faster than the rate necessary to produce shiny platinum and that is less than the rate necessary to produce platinum black. Platinum gray is applied to manufacture a fuel cell and a catalyst. 1. A hydrogen fuel cell comprising:an anode;a cathode; andan electrolyte in contact with the anode and cathode;wherein the anode and/or a cathode comprises conductive substrate and a surface coating on the conductive substrate comprising platinum and having a fractal configuration.2. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive substrate is non-porous.3. A method for manufacturing of a hydrogen fuel cell comprising:providing a conductive substrate;electroplating the conductive substrate with a coating comprising platinum and having a fractal configuration;placing the conductive substrate in an electrolyte to form a fuel cell.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the step of electroplating the surface of the conductive substrate is at a rate such that the particles are form on the conductive substrate faster than necessary to form shiny platinum and slower than necessary to form platinum black.5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of electroplating is accomplished at a rate of more than 0.05 microns per minute claim 2 , but less than 1 micron per minute.6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the electroplating is accomplished at a rate of greater or equal to 1 micron per minute claim 2 , but less than 10 microns per minute. ...

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Номер записи: 59

13-06-2013 дата публикации

Assembly for reversible fuel cell

Номер: US20130146471A1

Автор: Eric Dubois, Hugo Vandenborre

Принадлежит: SOLVAY SA

A membrane-electrode assembly for use in a reversible fuel cell comprises an ion conductive membrane having first and second surfaces; a first electrocatalyst layer in contact with the first surface of the membrane, such first electrocatalyst layer comprising at least one discrete electrolysis-active area (ELE 1 i ) and at least one discrete energy generation-active area (EG 1 i ). A second electrocatalyst layer is placed in contact with the second surface of the membrane, such second electrocatalyst layer comprising at least one discrete electrolysis-active area (ELE 2 i ) and at least one discrete energy generation-active area (EG 2 i ). Each of the discrete electrolysis-active area(s) (ELE 1 i ) on the first electrocatalyst layer correspond and are aligned with each of the discrete electrolysis-active area(s) (ELE 2 i ) on the second electrocatalyst layer, and each of the discrete energy generation-active area(s) (EG 1 i ) on the first electrocatalyst layer correspond and are aligned with each of the discrete energy generation-active area(s) (EG 2 i ) on the second electrocatalyst layer.

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Номер записи: 60

13-06-2013 дата публикации

ELECTRODE CATALYST FOR A FUEL CELL, METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME, AND MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY AND FUEL CELL INCLUDING THE ELECTRODE CATALYST

Номер: US20130149632A1

Автор: JIN Seon-ah, LEE Kang-hee, PAK Chan-ho, YOO Dae-jong

Принадлежит:

An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell including porous catalyst particles including a noble metal having oxygen-reduction activity and a carbonaceous support, wherein the porous catalyst particles are disposed on the carbonaceous support, and an electrochemical specific surface area of the porous catalyst particles is about 70 m/g or more. 1. An electrode catalyst for a fuel cell , the electrode catalyst comprising:porous catalyst particles comprising a noble metal having oxygen-reduction activity; anda carbonaceous support,{'sup': '2', 'wherein the porous catalyst particles are disposed on the carbonaceous support, and an electrochemical specific surface area of the porous catalyst particles is about 70 m/g or more.'}2. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical specific surface area of the porous catalyst particles is about 80 m/g to about 100 m/g.3. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the porous catalyst particles comprise pores and a skeleton including the noble metal.4. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the porous catalyst particles comprise a pore defined entirely by the noble metal.5. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the noble metal comprises one or more selected from palladium (Pd) claim 1 , iridium (Ir) claim 1 , gold (Au) claim 1 , platinum (Pt) claim 1 , rhenium (Re) claim 1 , osmium (Os) claim 1 , ruthenium (Ru) claim 1 , rhodium (Rh) claim 1 , and silver (Ag).6. The electrode catalyst for a fuel cell of claim 1 , wherein the porous catalyst particles comprise a composition represented by Formula 1:{'br': None, 'sub': 1-y', 'y, 'PdIr\u2003\u2003Formula 1'}wherein y denotes an atomic ratio of Ir to Pd and 0 Подробнее

Номер записи: 61

13-06-2013 дата публикации

BULK METALLIC GLASS NANOWIRES FOR USE IN ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE DEVICES

Номер: US20130150230A1

Автор: Schroers Jan, Taylor Andre D.

Принадлежит: YALE UNIVERSITY

A class of materials has advantageous utility in electrocatalytic applications, e.g., fuel cells. The materials circumvent conventional Pt-based anode poisoning and the agglomeration/dissolution of supported catalysts during long-term operation by exploiting the unique physical and chemical properties of bulk metallic glass to create nanowires for electrocatalytic applications, e.g., fuel cell and battery applications. These amorphous metals can achieve unusual geometries and shapes along multiple length scales. The absence of crystallites, grain boundaries and dislocations in the amorphous structure of bulk metallic glasses results in a homogeneous and isotropic material down to the atomic scale, which displays very high strength, hardness, elastic strain limit and corrosion resistance. The melting temperatures of the disclosed bulk metallic glasses are much lower than the estimated melting temperatures based on interpolation of the alloy constituents making them attractive as highly malleable materials. 1. A method for providing electrocatalytic functionality to a system , comprising:a. providing one or more bulk metallic glass elements to the system, wherein at least one of the one or more bulk metallic glass elements is characterized by a geometry or shape that provides effective electrocatalytic performance to the system.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one bulk metallic glass element includes one or more nanowires.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the one or more nanowires have a diameter of less than 15 nanometers.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one bulk metallic glass element is characterized as a Pt-BMG.5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the Pt-BMG is at least in part PtCuNiP.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one bulk metallic glass element is palladium-based.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one bulk metallic glass element is characterized by an ...

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Номер записи: 62

20-06-2013 дата публикации

ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES AND ITS METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

Номер: US20130157128A1

Автор: Giroud Nelly, Solan Sebastien

Принадлежит: Commissariat A L'Energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives

The electrode for a lithium battery comprises a porous current collector made of woven or nonwoven carbon fibers. 1. A method for manufacturing a lithium battery electrode comprising the steps of:depositing an electrode ink on a current collector made of carbon fibers by coating or printing; said ink comprising at least one active electrode material, at least one polymer hinder, at least one electronic conductor;drying: evaporating the solvent;the current collector being porous and made of woven or nonwoven carbon fibers;{'sup': '−1', 'the polymer binder of the ink being poly(acrylic acid) having a molecular weight ranging between 1 000 000 and 2 500 000 g.mol.'}2. The method for forming an electrode for a lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the current collector has a porosity ranging between 70% and 85% claim 1 , typically on the order of 80%.3. The method for forming an electrode for a lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein it further comprises a step of suction of the ink on the collector simultaneously to the deposition step or to the drying step or between these two steps claim 1 , preferably on a drying table.4. An electrode for a lithium battery obtained according to .5. The electrode of claim 4 , wherein said electrode is positive or negative.6. The electrode of claim 4 , wherein the area capacity of said electrode ranges between 0.1 and 10 mAh.cm.7. The electrode of claim 6 , wherein the area capacity of said electrode ranges between 0.3 and 5 mAh.cm.8. A lithium accumulator comprising at least one electrode of .9. A primary lithium battery comprising at least one electrode of .10. A secondary lithium battery comprising at least one lithium accumulator of . The present invention relates to an electrode for a lithium battery comprising a current collector made of carbon fibers.The field of use of the present invention specifically relates to lithium electrochemical generators operating based on the principle of insertion and/or desinsertion (or intercalation ...

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Номер записи: 63

20-06-2013 дата публикации

CONDUCTIVE SHEET AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR SAME

Номер: US20130157171A1

Автор: AKAMATSU Tetsuya, KUROKAWA Kazuma

Принадлежит: TOHO TENAX CO., LTD.

A conductive sheet comprises an aromatic polyamide pulp, a fluoroplastic fused to the aromatic polyamide pulp, and a carbon-based conductive material; wherein the conductive sheet has a static contact angle of water on a first surface that is greater than the static contact angle of water on a second surface that in the opposite surface to the first surface, and the difference between the static contact angle of water on the first surface and the static contact angle of water on the second surface is 20°-180°; or wherein the injection pressure of water on the first surface of the conductive sheet is less than the injection pressure of water on the second surface that is the opposite surface to the first surface, and the difference between the injection pressure of water on the first surface and the injection pressure of water on the second surface is 20-50 kPa. 1. A conductive sheet comprising a fibrillated aromatic polyamide pulp , a fluoroplastic fused to the aromatic polyamide pulp , and a carbon-based conductive material ,{'sup': 3', '2, 'wherein the bulk density of the conductive sheet is 0.2 to 0.7 g/cm, the average pore diameter of the conductive sheet is 0.1 to 20 μm, and the gas permeability of the conductive sheet is 3 ml/min.·cmor higher.'}2. The conductive sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon-based conductive material is at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber claim 1 , carbon black claim 1 , graphite particles claim 1 , carbon nanotube claim 1 , carbon milled fiber claim 1 , carbon nanofiber claim 1 , and carbon nanohorn.3. The conductive sheet according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical resistance between the two surfaces is 6 claim 1 ,500 mΩ/cmor less and the static contact angle of water is 120° or more.4. A method for producing a conductive sheet according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of:preparing a slurry containing a fibrillated aromatic polyamide pulp, a fluoroplastic fused to the aromatic ...

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Номер записи: 64

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Automobile battery and method for manufacturing pole plates

Номер: US20130164575A1

Автор: Dae Ung Kim, Kyu Hyeong Lee, Sung Joon Kim

Принадлежит: Global Battery Co Ltd

A battery includes anode plates, formed as a mesh by forming cuts in series on a lead plate strip rolled into a uniform thickness, for storing electricity in a chemically reactive state by expansion processing, cathode plates formed as a mesh for storing electricity in a chemically reactive state, separators between the anode and cathode plates for electrical insulation, mechanical separation, and the impregnation of an AGM with electrolyte, such that the chemical reaction for storing electricity is facilitated and the pressure in the cell remains constant, upper and lower cases made of polypropylene and containing the anode plates, cathode plates, separators, and electrolyte in a plurality of mutually separate cells, and a cap coupled into the screw holes formed in the cell units in the upper case, for discharging gas generated during charge and discharge when the pressure of the gas is over a permissible level.

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Номер записи: 65

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Membrane electrode assembly for direct oxidation fuel cell and direct oxidation fuel cell using the same

Номер: US20130164650A1

Автор: Hideyuki Ueda, Hiroaki Matsuda

Принадлежит: Panasonic Corp

Disclosed is a membrane electrode assembly for a direct oxidation fuel cell, including an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte membrane disposed therebetween. The anode includes an anode catalyst layer disposed on one principal surface of the electrolyte membrane, and an anode diffusion layer laminated on the anode catalyst layer. The anode catalyst layer includes a first particulate conductive carbon, an anode catalyst supported thereon, and a first polymer electrolyte. The cathode includes a cathode catalyst layer disposed on the other principal surface of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode diffusion layer laminated on the cathode catalyst layer. The cathode catalyst layer includes a second particulate conductive carbon, a cathode catalyst supported thereon, and a second polymer electrolyte. The weight ratio M 1 of the first polymer electrolyte in the anode catalyst layer is higher than the weight ratio M 2 of the second polymer electrolyte in the cathode catalyst layer.

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Номер записи: 66

27-06-2013 дата публикации

STABLE, DURABLE CARBON SUPPORTED CATALYST COMPOSITION FOR FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130164655A1

Автор: Kremliakova Natalia

Принадлежит:

A carbon supported catalyst composition for solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells is disclosed that shows a high mass activity and favorable stability and durability. The catalyst composition comprises an intermetallic phase or alloy comprising Pt and a metal selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, V and Mo, and comprises an oxide of the metal. The carbon supported catalyst composition can be prepared at relatively low temperature either by first depositing and heating an oxide precursor of the metal on a suitable carbon to make a hybrid support, and then depositing and heating a Pt precursor on the hybrid support, or by depositing both an oxide precursor of the metal and a Pt precursor on a suitable carbon support, and directly heating to a final temperature. 1. A carbon supported catalyst composition comprising a catalyst composition finely dispersed on a carbon containing support wherein the catalyst composition comprises:an intermetallic or alloy comprising Pt and a metal selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, V, and Mo; andan oxide of the metal.2. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the catalyst composition comprises the oxide of the metal according to high resolution transmission electron microscopy.3. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the catalyst composition is essentially free of the oxide of the metal as determined by x-ray diffraction.4. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the mass activity of the catalyst composition is greater than 200 A/g Pt.5. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the metal is Nb.6. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the oxide of the metal is NbO.7. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the catalyst composition comprises PtCoNb alloy and NbO.8. The carbon supported catalyst composition of wherein the carbon in the carbon containing support is a carbon black claim 1 , acetylene black claim 1 , activated charcoal claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 67

04-07-2013 дата публикации

Electrochemical Deposition of Nanoscale Catalyst Particles

Номер: US20130168254A1

Автор: Annel Vivien, Hempelmann Rolf, Mitzel Jens, Natter Harald, Stefener Manfred

Принадлежит: Universität des Saarlandes

A process for the electrochemical deposition of nanoscale catalyst particles using a sacrificial hydrogen anode as counter electrode for the working electrode is disclosed, whereby a concurrent development of hydrogen at the working electrode is mostly or completely avoided. 1. A method for electrochemical deposition of nanoscale catalyst particles comprising use of sacrificial hydrogen anode which functions as a counter electrode for the working electrode , wherein the working electrode potential shows at least mainly positive signs with respect to the sacrificial hydrogen anode during the deposition process in respect of time , whereby simultaneous formation of hydrogen at the working electrode can mostly or completely be prevented.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the working electrode potential with respect to the sacrificial hydrogen anode is positive at least 90% claim 1 , specifically at least 95% claim 1 , of the total deposition time.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the working electrode potential with respect to the sacrificial hydrogen anode is always positive in order to completely prevent simultaneous formation of hydrogen at the working electrode.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein with suitable reaction control claim 1 , the working electrode-side moisture is reduced.5. The method of claim 1 , whereby the catalyst particles are deposited from a precursor layer previously applied to a GDL.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the precursor layer with a simultaneous or subsequent deposition of one or more precursors is applied and dried through an established coating process.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the precursor layer includes one or more substrate materials claim 6 , one or more ionomers claim 6 , and the precursors.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein additives such as binding agents claim 1 , dispersion agents claim 1 , wetting agents claim 1 , solvent mixtures claim 1 , thickeners and/or antioxidants are added to the dispersion for the ...

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Номер записи: 68

04-07-2013 дата публикации

Gas decomposition component, power generation apparatus, and method for decomposing gas

Номер: US20130171542A1

Автор: Chihiro Hiraiwa, Hideyuki Doi, Masatoshi Majima, Naho Mizuhara, Tetsuya Kuwabara, Tomoyuki Awazu, Toshio Ueda, Toshiyuki Kuramoto

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd

A gas decomposition component includes a cylindrical membrane electrode assembly (MEA) including a first electrode layer, a cylindrical solid electrolyte layer, and a second electrode layer in order from an inside toward an outside, in a layered structure, wherein an end portion of the cylindrical MEA is sealed, a gas guide pipe is inserted through another end portion of the cylindrical MEA into an inner space of the cylindrical MEA to form a cylindrical channel between the gas guide pipe and an inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical MEA, and a gas flowing through the gas guide pipe toward the sealed portion is made to flow out of the gas guide pipe in a region near the sealed portion so that a flow direction of the gas is reversed and the gas flows through the cylindrical channel in a direction opposite to the flow direction in the guide pipe.

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Номер записи: 69

11-07-2013 дата публикации

Polyaniline-supported atomic gold electrodes and methods of making and using same

Номер: US20130177836A1

Автор: Alex Jonke, Ilana Swartz, Jiri Janata, Mira Josowicz

Принадлежит: Georgia Tech Research Corp

Atomic gold electrodes, including electrodes containing a polyaniline gold complex are disclosed, including methods of making and using the same. In some embodiments, the atomic gold electrode can be described as a polyaniline coated electrode having atomic gold clusters complexed to the polyaniline at levels of between 1-20 gold atoms. A method for preparing the polyaniline gold complexes is disclosed that can deposit gold atoms one at a time into a complex with the polyaniline, allowing for highly tailored atomic clusters. A method of oxidizing alcohols, and the application to devices such as fuel cells are also disclosed.

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Номер записи: 70

11-07-2013 дата публикации

HOLLOW NANOPARTICLES AS ACTIVE AND DURABLE CATALYSTS AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20130177838A1

Автор: Adzic Radoslav R., Wang Jia Xu

Принадлежит: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC

Hollow metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment the metal nanoparticles have a continuous and nonporous shell with a hollow core which induces surface smoothening and lattice contraction of the shell. In a particular embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles have an external diameter of less than 20 nm, a wall thickness of between 1 nm and 3 nm or, alternatively, a wall thickness of between 4 and 12 atomic layers. In another embodiment, the hollow nanoparticles are fabricated by a process in which a sacrificial core is coated with an ultrathin shell layer that encapsulates the entire core. Removal of the core produces contraction of the shell about the hollow interior. In a particular embodiment the shell is formed by galvanic displacement of core surface atoms while remaining core removal is accomplished by dissolution in acid solution or in an electrolyte during potential cycling between upper and lower applied potentials. 1. A catalyst particle comprising:a metal nanoparticle consisting of a continuous and nonporous shell with a hollow core,wherein the hollow core has a structure that induces lattice contraction of the shell and forms a smooth shell surface.2. The catalyst particle of wherein said hollow nanoparticle is less reactive than a solid nanoparticle of similar composition claim 1 , size claim 1 , and shape claim 1 , making the hollow nanoparticle more stable in acidic media and more active as a catalyst for desorption-limited reactions.3. The catalyst particle of wherein the nanoparticle is substantially spherical claim 1 , and the shell includes a shell wall with an interior and an exterior surface claim 1 , an external diameter of the shell as measured between opposing exterior surfaces is less than 20 nm claim 1 , and a wall thickness claim 1 , as measured between the interior and exterior surface of the shell is between 1 nm and 3 nm.4. The catalyst particle of wherein the nanoparticle comprises at least one ...

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Номер записи: 71

11-07-2013 дата публикации

NICKEL-BASED ELECTROCATALYTIC PHOTOELECTRODES

Номер: US20130178360A1

Автор: Gray Harry B., Lewis Nathan S., McKone James R.

Принадлежит: California Institute of Technology

The disclosure provides methods and compositions comprising metal alloy powders. The disclosure also provides a photoelectrode, methods of making and using, including systems for water-splitting are provided. The photoelectrode can be a semiconductive material having a photocatalyst such as nickel or nickel-molybdenum coated on the material. 1. A method of producing a nanoparticle mixed metal composite , comprising:(a) precipitating a nanoparticle mixed metal composite from a heated solvent system, the heated solvent system produced by adding an aqueous metal salt solution to a heated solvent; and(b) reducing the nanoparticle mixed metal composite using a reducing agent;wherein the heterogeneous metal salt solution is comprised of at least two transition metal containing salts, wherein the solvent system is heated at temperatures of at least 90° C., and wherein the nanoparticle mixed metal composite is comprised substantially of oxidized metal species.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein (b) is carried out at an elevated temperature under a reducing atmosphere comprising the reducing agent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reducing atmosphere comprises at least 4% hydrogen gas and wherein hydrogen is the reducing agent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein prior to step (b) the nanoparticle mixed metal composite precipitant is substantially purified comprising the steps of: removing the solvent from the precipitant claim 1 , washing the precipitant claim 1 , and drying the precipitant.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle mixed metal composite is comprised of at least one of the following transition metals: nickel claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , and vanadium.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle mixed metal composite is comprised of at least two of the following transition metals: nickel claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 72

18-07-2013 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE, SOLID OXIDE ELECTRODE, SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL INCLUDING THE SAME, AND METHODS OF PREPARING THE SAME

Номер: US20130183593A1

Автор: JUNG Doh-won, KIM Seung-joo, Kim Tae-Gon, KWAK Chan, PARK Hee-jung

Принадлежит: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd

An oxide represented by Formula 1: 2. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide has an electronic conductivity.3. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide has an ionic conductivity.4. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide has a crystal structure having a P 2m space group.5. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide has a crystal structure having a melilite structure.6. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide includes an interstitial oxygen.7. The oxide of claim 2 , wherein A in Formula 1 is at least one selected from Sr and Ba.8. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein M in Formula 1 is at least one selected from Mg and Ca.9. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein C in Formula 1 is at least one element selected from Group 7 to Group 8 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.10. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein C is at least one selected from Mn claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Co claim 1 , and Cr.11. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein D is at least one selected from Si and Ge.13. The oxide of claim 1 , wherein the oxide is at least one selected from SrMgMnGeO claim 1 , SrMnGeO claim 1 , SrMgCoGeO claim 1 , SrCoGeO claim 1 , SrMgFeGeO claim 1 , and SrFeGeO.14. A solid oxide electrode comprising the oxide of .15. The solid oxide electrode of claim 14 , wherein the solid oxide electrode has an electrode resistance of about 0.32 ohms per square centimeter or less at 850° C.16. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00014', 'claim 14'}, 'a first electrode comprising the solid oxide electrode of ;'}a second electrode; anda solid oxide electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.17. The solid oxide fuel cell of claim 16 , wherein the first electrode is an air electrode.18. An oxide comprising:a first alkaline earth metal;a second alkaline earth metal which is different than the first alkaline earth metal;a transition metal;at least one selected from germanium and silicon; andoxygen,wherein a mole fraction of the first alkaline earth metal is about ...

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Номер записи: 73

18-07-2013 дата публикации

SOLID OXIDE FUEL BATTERY CELL

Номер: US20130183594A1

Автор: Ando Shigeru, KAWAKAMI Akira, NIIMI Hiroshi, NISHIMIZU Ryoichi, YUZURIHARA Masayoshi

Принадлежит: TOTO LTD.

Disclosed is a solid oxide fuel battery cell having a high initial power generation performance and a good power generation durability while ensuring adhesion between an air electrode and a current collector. The solid oxide fuel battery cell includes a solid electrolyte, a fuel electrode, an air electrode, and a current collector provided on the surface of the air electrode, wherein the air electrode is formed of lanthanum ferrite perovskite oxides, lanthanum cobalt perovskite oxides, or samarium cobalt perovskite oxides, and the current collector is porous including silver, palladium, and an oxide and has an average porosity of 20% to 70% in a portion other than a portion near a boundary between the current collector and the air electrode and, in the near-boundary portion, an average porosity of not less than 50% of the average porosity of the portion other than the near-boundary portion. 1. A solid oxide fuel battery cell comprising a solid electrolyte , a fuel electrode layer provided on one surface of the solid electrolyte , an air electrode layer provided on the other surface of the solid electrolyte , and a current collector layer provided on the surface of the air electrode layer , whereinthe air electrode layer comprises an oxide which is selected from the group consisting of lanthanum ferrite perovskite oxides, lanthanum cobalt perovskite oxides, and samarium cobalt perovskite oxides, andthe current collector layer is a porous layer comprising silver, palladium and an oxide where current collector layer has, in a portion other than a portion near a boundary between the current collector layer and the air electrode layer, an average porosity of 20% to 70% and has, in the near-boundary portion, an average porosity which is 50% or more of the value of said average porosity.2. The solid oxide fuel battery cell according to claim 1 , wherein the current collector layer in its portion near the boundary between the current collector layer and the air electrode ...

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Номер записи: 74

25-07-2013 дата публикации

Rechargeable Electrochemical Battery Cell

Номер: US20130189566A1

Автор: Borck Markus, Pszolla Christian, Ripp Christiane, Wollfahrt Claudia, Zinck Laurent

Принадлежит: fortu Intellectual Property AG

Rechargeable lithium battery cell having a housing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing a conductive salt, wherein the electrolyte comprises SOand the positive electrode contains an active material in the composition LixM′yM″z(XO4)aFb, wherein 1. A battery cell , comprising:a housing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte,{'sub': '2', 'wherein the electrolyte comprises SOand a conductive salt,'}{'sub': x', 'y', '4', 'a', 'b, 'wherein the positive electrode comprises a compound of the formula LiM′(XO)F(I), which compound is optionally doped, wherein'}M′ is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the elements Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn,X is selected from the group consisting of the elements P, Si and S,x is greater than 0,y is greater than 0,a is greater than 0 andb is greater than or equal to 0,wherein the sum of positive charges in the compound equals the sum of negative charges,wherein the positive electrode further comprises a current collector having a first portion comprising a porous metal which has a first and second surface and a thickness located there between and comprises a plurality of pores containing the compound that extend at least partially through the thickness,wherein at least some of the pores have void spaces accessible to the electrolyte andwherein the battery cell is a rechargeable lithium ion battery cell.2. A battery cell , comprising:a housing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte,{'sub': '4', 'wherein the positive electrode comprises LiFePOwhich is optionally doped,'}{'sub': '2', 'wherein the electrolyte comprises SOand a conductive salt,'}wherein the positive electrode further comprises a current collector having a first portion comprising a porous metal which has a first and second surface and a thickness located there between and comprises a plurality of pores containing the compound that extend through the thickness, wherein ...

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Номер записи: 75

25-07-2013 дата публикации

PART SOLID, PART FLUID AND FLOW ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS INCLUDING METAL-AIR AND LI-AIR BATTERY SYSTEMS

Номер: US20130189592A1

Автор: ROUMI Farshid, ROUMI Jamshid

Принадлежит:

The invention provides part solid, part fluid and flow electrochemical cells, for example, metal-air and lithium-air batteries and three-dimensional electrode arrays for use in part solid, part fluid electrochemical and flow cells and metal-air and lithium-air batteries. 1. A part solid , part fluid electrochemical cell comprising:a plurality of plate electrodes, wherein each plate electrode includes an array of apertures, wherein the plate electrodes are arranged in a substantially parallel orientation such that the each aperture of an individual plate electrode is aligned along an independent plate alignment axis passing through an aperture of each of the other plate electrodes;one or more solid rod electrodes, wherein the one or more solid rod electrodes are arranged such that each solid rod electrode extends a length along an independent solid rod alignment axis passing through an aperture of each plate electrode;one or more porous rod electrodes, wherein the one or more porous rod electrodes are arranged such that each porous rod electrode extends a length along an independent porous rod alignment axis passing through an aperture of each plate electrode;at least one electrolyte provided between said solid rod electrodes and said plate electrodes and said porous rod electrodes, wherein said at least one electrolyte is capable of conducting charge carriers;wherein a first surface area includes a cumulative surface area of the plurality of plate electrodes, wherein a second surface area includes a cumulative surface area of each aperture array, wherein a third surface area includes a cumulative surface area of each of the solid rod electrodes and wherein a fourth surface area includes a cumulative surface area of each of the porous rod electrodes.2. A flow electrochemical cell comprising:a plurality of plate electrodes, wherein each plate electrode includes an array of apertures, wherein the plate electrodes are arranged in a substantially parallel orientation ...

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Номер записи: 76

25-07-2013 дата публикации

NANOCOMPOSITES

Номер: US20130189604A1

Автор: YANG Jun, Ying Jackie Y.

Принадлежит:

The invention pertains to heterogenous noble metal nanostructures comprising silver salts and different noble metals, and methods for synthesis and use of various nanocomposite materials having silver salts and different noble metals. 1. A nanocomposite particle comprising:a nanoparticle having a surface comprising a silver salt, andat least one region of a first noble metal on said surface,wherein if said first noble metal is gold, there is additionally at least one region of a second noble metal on said surface, said second noble metal being different to the first noble metal.2. The nanocomposite particle of additionally comprising at least one region of a second noble metal on said surface claim 1 , said second noble metal being different to the first noble metal.3. The nanocomposite particle of wherein the first noble metal and claim 1 , if present claim 1 , the second noble metal claim 1 , are each independently selected from the group consisting of gold claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , osmium claim 1 , silver claim 1 , ruthenium and iridium.4. A nanocomposite material comprising a plurality of nanocomposite particles comprising:a nanoparticle having a surface comprising a silver salt, andat least one region of a first noble metal on said surface,wherein if said first noble metal is gold, there is additionally at least one region of a second noble metal on said surface, said second noble metal being different to the first noble metal.5. The nanocomposite material of wherein the nanocomposite particles of the nanocomposite material have a mean diameter of about 3 to about 15 nm.7. The process of wherein the reducing agent comprises citric acid and/or citrate.9. The process of comprising preparing the nanoparticles by a combining an aqueous solution of a water soluble silver salt and a stabilising agent with an aqueous solution of a water soluble salt comprising a counterion capable of forming an insoluble salt with silver ions ...

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Номер записи: 77

25-07-2013 дата публикации

CATALYST PARTICLES, CARBON-SUPPORTED CATALYST PARTICLES AND FUEL CELL CATALYSTS, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING SUCH CATALYST PARTICLES AND CARBON-SUPPORTED CATALYST PARTICLES

Номер: US20130189607A1

Автор: Arai Tatsuya, Ogawa Tetsuya, Sakai Go, Sekizawa Koshi, Takehiro Naoki

Принадлежит:

A catalyst particle is composed of an inner particle and an outermost layer that includes platinum and covers the inner particle. The inner particle includes on at least a surface thereof a first oxide having an oxygen defect. 1. A catalyst particle comprising:an inner particle containing on at least a surface thereof a first oxide having oxygen defects, the inner particle having a center particle and an intermediate layer covering the center particle, the center particle containing a second oxide that is free of oxygen defects and that includes an element common with an element other than oxygen included in the first oxide, and the intermediate layer containing the first oxide; andan outermost layer formed from a single material that contains platinum and covers the inner particle, the outermost layer covering at least a portion of the intermediate layer.2. The catalyst particle according to claim 1 , wherein the second oxide is an oxide that claim 1 , by reducing a surface of the center particle claim 1 , has generated oxygen defects in the first oxide.3. The catalyst particle according to claim 1 , wherein the first oxide includes an element selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 1 , tin claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , niobium and silicon.4. The catalyst particle according to claim 1 , wherein an average particle size of the catalyst particle is 2 to 20 nm.5. The catalyst particle according to claim 1 , wherein the outermost layer has a degree of coverage of from 70 to 100% with respect to the inner particle.6. The catalyst particle according to claim 1 , wherein the outermost layer is a layer of three or fewer atoms.7. A carbon-supported catalyst particle comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the catalyst particle according to ; and'}a carbon support that supports the catalyst particle.8. The carbon-supported catalyst particle according to claim 7 , wherein the carbon support is composed of at least one carbon material selected ...

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Номер записи: 78

01-08-2013 дата публикации

ELECTRODE CATALYST

Номер: US20130192985A1

Автор: HATTORI Takeshi, Imai Hideto, Ito Yutaka, Maki Hajime, Ota Kenichiro

Принадлежит:

An electrode catalyst, including: a metal compound which contains an oxygen atom and at least one metal element selected from a group consisting of Group 4 elements and Group 5 elements in the long-form periodic table, and a carbonaceous material which covers at least part of the metal compound; wherein an oxygen deficiency index, which is represented as an inverse number of a peak value of a first nearest neighbor element in a radial distribution function obtained by Fourier-transforming an EXAFS oscillation in EXAFS measurement of the metal element, is 0.125 to 0.170; and a crystallinity index, which is represented as a peak value of a second nearest neighbor element in the radial distribution function, is 4.5 to 8.0. 1. An electrode catalyst comprising: a metal compound which contains an oxygen atom and at least one metal element selected from a group consisting of Group 4 elements and Group 5 elements in the long-form periodic table , and a carbonaceous material which covers at least part of the metal compound ,wherein an oxygen deficiency index, which is represented as an inverse number of a peak value of a first nearest neighbor element in a radial distribution function obtained by Fourier-transforming an EXAFS oscillation in EXAFS measurement of said metal element, is 0.125 to 0.170,and a crystallinity index, which is represented as a peak value of a second nearest neighbor element in said radial distribution function, is 4.5 to 8.0.2. The electrode catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a BET specific surface area is 15 m/g to 500 m/g claim 1 , and a carbon coverage obtained by the following formula (1) is 0.05 g/mto 0.5 g/m claim 1 , wherein Formula (1) is as follows:{'br': None, 'sup': 2', '2, 'Carbon coverage (g/m)=carbon content (mass %)/BET specific surface area (m/g).'}3. The electrode catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein said metal element is at least one metal element selected from a group consisting of zirconium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 79

01-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid Polymer Electrolyte and Process For Making Same

Номер: US20130196055A1

Автор: Berta Thomas, Shamrock Thomas

Принадлежит: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.

A solid polymer electrolyte membrane having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, where the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a failure force greater than about 115 grams and comprises a composite membrane consisting essentially of (a) at least one expanded PTFE membrane having a porous microstructure of polymeric fibrils, and (b) at least one ion exchange material impregnated throughout the porous microstructure of the expanded PTFE membrane so as to render an interior volume of the expanded PTFE membrane substantially occlusive; (c) at least one substantially occlusive, electronically insulating first composite layer interposed between the expanded PTFE membrane and the first surface, the first composite layer comprising a plurality of first carbon particles supporting a catalyst comprising platinum and an ion exchange material, wherein a plurality of the first carbon particles has a particle size less than about 75 nm, or less than about 50 nm, or less than about 25 nm. 1. A method of making a solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprising the steps of (a) preparing an ink solution comprising a precious metal catalyst on a supporting particle and an ion exchange material; (b) providing a polymeric support having a microstructure of micropores; (c) impregnating said microstructure with said ink solution to form a substantially air occlusive composite membrane. The present application is a divisional application of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/633,835 filed Dec. 9, 2009 and further claims benefit to pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/235,478 filed Sep. 26, 2005.The present invention relates to a solid polymer electrolyte and process for making it, as well as its use in a catalyst coated membrane and in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.Fuel cells are devices that convert fluid streams containing a fuel, for example hydrogen, and an oxidizing species, for example, oxygen or air, to electricity, heat and ...

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Номер записи: 80

01-08-2013 дата публикации

LITHIUM-ION BATTERY HAVING INTERPENETRATING ELECTRODES

Номер: US20130196235A1

Автор: Johnson Derek C., Mosby James M., Prieto Amy L., Rawls Matthew T.

Принадлежит: Prieto Battery, Inc.

A lithium-ion battery including an electrodeposited anode material having a micron-scale, three-dimensional porous foam structure separated from interpenetrating cathode material that fills the void space of the porous foam structure by a thin solid-state electrolyte which has been reductively polymerized onto the anode material in a uniform and pinhole free manner, which will significantly reduce the distance which the Li-ions are required to traverse upon the charge/discharge of the battery cell over other types of Li-ion cell designs, and a procedure for fabricating the battery are described. The interpenetrating three-dimensional structure of the cell will also provide larger energy densities than conventional solid-state Li-ion cells based on thin-film technologies. The electrodeposited anode may include an intermetallic composition effective for reversibly intercalating Li-ions. 1. A lithium-ion battery comprising in combination:a three-dimensional conducting porous foam current collector having an intermetallic material thereon, forming thereby a porous anode;a solid-state electrolyte conformally coated onto said anode for providing high resistance to electrical current and little resistance to the passage of lithium ions; andcathode material filling the pores in said coated anode.2. The lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein the intermetallic material is electrodeposited onto said conducting porous foam current collector.3. The lithium-ion battery of claim 2 , wherein the intermetallic material comprises CuSb.4. The lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein said conducting porous foam comprises metals chosen from copper and nickel.5. The lithium-ion battery of claim 1 , wherein said solid-state electrolyte comprises at least one polyphosphazene.6. The lithium-ion battery of claim 5 , wherein said at least one polyphosphazine comprises polyhexachlorocyclotriphosphazene.7. The lithium-ion battery of claim 6 , wherein the polyhexachlorocyclotriphosphazene is ...

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Номер записи: 81

01-08-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITE, CATALYST INCLUDING THE SAME, FUEL CELL AND LITHIUM AIR BATTERY INCLUDING THE SAME

Номер: US20130196237A1

Автор: JIN Seon-ah, LEE Kang-hee, PAK Chan-ho, YOO Dae-jong

Принадлежит:

A composite including: a carbonaceous material; and a solid solution including a first metal and a cerium oxide, wherein the solid solution is disposed on the carbonaceous material. 1. A composite comprising:a carbonaceous material; anda solid solution comprising a first metal and a cerium oxide, wherein the solid solution is disposed on the carbonaceous material.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the first metal is at least one metal selected from Groups 3-8 claim 1 , 10-14 claim 1 , and 16.3. The composite of claim 2 , wherein the first metal is at least one selected from manganese (Mn) claim 2 , vanadium (V) claim 2 , copper (Cu) claim 2 , zinc (Zn) claim 2 , iron (Fe) claim 2 , cobalt (Co) claim 2 , and titanium (Ti).4. The composite of claim 3 , wherein the first metal is manganese.5. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the solid solution is present in an amount of about 5 to about 90 parts by weight claim 1 , based on 100 parts by weight of the composite.6. The composite of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the first metal is about 0.1 to about 1.5 moles claim 1 , based on 1 mole of cerium of the cerium oxide.7. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite comprises a composition represented by at least one selected from Formula 1 and Formula 2:{'br': None, 'sup': '1', 'sub': x', '2, 'MO—CeO/C\u2003\u2003Formula 1'}{'sup': '1', 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'sub': y', '1-y', '2, 'sup': '1', 'CeMO/C\u2003\u2003Formula 2'}, 'wherein in Formula 1, 1≦x≦3, Mis the first metal, and'}{'sup': '1', 'wherein in Formula 2, 0.01≦y≦0.99, Mis the first metal, and in Formulas 1 and 2, independently, the first metal is at least one metal selected from Groups 3-8, 10-14, and 16.'}8. The composite of claim 7 , wherein the first metal is manganese.9. A catalyst comprising the composite of and a second metal.10. The catalyst of claim 9 , wherein the second metal is at least one metal selected from Groups 8-11.11. The catalyst of claim 10 , wherein the second metal is at least one ...

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Номер записи: 82

15-08-2013 дата публикации

Positive Electrode for Lithium-Sulfur Secondary Battery and Method of Forming the Same

Номер: US20130209880A1

Автор: Hirohiko Murakami, Tatsuhiro Nozue

Принадлежит: Ulvac Inc

Provided are a positive electrode for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery and a method of forming the same, the positive electrode being capable of maintaining battery characteristics such as a specific capacity and a cycling characteristic while achieving a high rate characteristic in particular when being applied to a lithium-sulfur secondary battery. A positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery includes a positive electrode current collector and carbon nanotubes grown on a surface of the positive electrode current collector and oriented in a direction orthogonal to the surface. At least the surface of each of the carbon nanotubes is covered with sulfur with a certain interstice left between neighboring ones of the carbon nanotubes.

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Номер записи: 83

15-08-2013 дата публикации

Bifunctional (rechargeable) air electrodes

Номер: US20130209919A1

Автор: Lois Johnson, Michael Binder, Michael Kunz, Michael Oster, Phillip J. Black, Regan Johnson, Stefanie Sharp-Goldman, Steven Amendola, Tesia Chciuk

Принадлежит: EOS Energy Storage LLC

Performance, properties and stability of bifunctional air electrodes may be improved by using modified current collectors, and improving water wettability of air electrode structures. This invention provides information on creating non-corroding, electrically rechargeable, bifunctional air electrodes. In some embodiments, this bifunctional air electrode includes a corrosion-resistant outer layer and an electrically conductive inner layer. In some embodiments, this bifunctional air electrode includes titanium suboxides formed by reducing titanium dioxide. Titanium suboxides may be corrosion-resistant and electrically conductive.

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Номер записи: 84

15-08-2013 дата публикации

METAL COMPLEX, MODIFIED COMPOUND THEREOF AND USEFUL COMPOUND THEREOF

Номер: US20130210615A1

Автор: MATSUNAGA Tadafumi

Принадлежит: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited

Provided is a compound including residues derived from a compound represented by Formula (1) and a divalent aromatic group, wherein the number of the residues is 2 to 4, the number of the divalent aromatic group is 1 to 3, and the sum of the numbers of the residues and the divalent aromatic group is 3 to 5. 2. The compound according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 5', '1', '6', '2, 'Wherein, in the Formula (1), the atomic group represented by Pbinds to Zto form a phenol structure, and the atomic group represented by Pbinds to Zto form a phenol structure.'}3. The compound according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'wherein, in the Formula (1), the heterocyclic ring formed by P, the heterocyclic ring formed by P, the heterocyclic ring formed by P, and the heterocyclic ring formed by Pare aromatic heterocyclic rings.'}4. The compound according to claim 3 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'wherein, in the Formula (1), the aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by P, the aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by P, the aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by P, and the aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Pare nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic rings.'}7. A metal complex comprising:a metal atom or a metal ion; anda ligand,{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'wherein the ligand is the compound according to .'}8. The metal complex according to claim 7 ,wherein the metal in the metal atom or the metal ion is a transition metal belonging to the fourth to sixth periods on the periodic table.9. The metal complex according to claim 8 ,wherein the metal of the metal atom or the metal ion is manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, or platinum.10. The metal complex according to claim 7 ,wherein the number of the metal atom or the metal ion is 1 to 4.11. A modified compound obtained by heating a mixture comprising the metal complex according to claim 7 , and a carbon support.12. The modified compound according to claim 11 ,wherein a temperature of the heating is 600° C. to 1200° C.13. A ...

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Номер записи: 85

22-08-2013 дата публикации

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ELECTRODE CATALYST LAYER

Номер: US20130216700A1

Автор: Kurata Haruna, Morioka Hiroyuki, Okada Saori, Oota Kenichiro

Принадлежит: TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD.

The invention includes a manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer which contains a polymer electrolyte, a catalyst and carbon particles and achieves a high power generation performance even when an oxide of non-platinum is used as the catalyst. The method has a feature of including either a process of preliminarily embedding the catalyst in the polymer electrolyte or a process of preliminarily embedding the carbon particles in the polymer electrolyte. 22. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in said catalyst embedded in said first polymer electrolyte in said process claim 1 , a ratio between said catalyst and said first polymer electrolyte is the range of 1:0.01 to 1:30 by weight.33. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , before performing said process claim 2 , said carbon particles and said catalyst embedded in said first polymer electrolyte are preliminarily mixed together without adding any solvent.4. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 3 , wherein said catalyst is a positive electrode active material and contains at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ta claim 3 , Nb claim 3 , Tl and Zr.5. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 4 , wherein said catalyst is a product obtained by partially-oxidizing a carbonitride of said transition metal in an atmosphere including oxygen.6. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 5 , wherein said transition metal is Ta.82. The manufacturing method of an electrode catalyst layer according to claim 7 , wherein claim 7 , in said carbon particles embedded in said first polymer electrolyte in said process claim 7 , a ratio between said carbon particles and said first polymer electrolyte is the range of 1:0.1 to 1:20 by weight.93. The manufacturing method of an electrode ...

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Номер записи: 86

29-08-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CATALYSIS

Номер: US20130220822A1

Автор: MacFarlane Douglas, Winther-Jensen Bjorn, Winther-Jensen Orawan

Принадлежит:

A catalyst comprising a first conjugated polymer material that forms an interface with a second material, wherein charge is separated from photo excited species generated in one or both of the first and second materials and subsequently participates in a reaction, electro-catalytic reactions or redox reactions. 1. A catalyst comprising a first conjugated polymer material that forms an interface with a second material , wherein charge is separated from photo excited species generated in one or both of the first and second materials and subsequently participates in a reaction.2. A catalyst according to wherein the reaction is chosen from electro-catalytic reactions or redox reactions.3. A catalyst according to wherein the first material is chosen from the group of conjugated polymers comprising poly(3 claim 1 ,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) claim 1 , polyterthiophene claim 1 , polybithiophene and combinations thereof.4. A catalyst according to wherein the second material is chosen from the group comprising polymers including conjugated polymers claim 1 , dyes containing a conjugated pi-system claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , organic semiconductors claim 1 , or combinations thereof.5. A catalyst according to wherein the second material is chosen from inorganic species exhibiting d-d orbital transitions.6. A catalyst according to wherein the first material and the second material are both conjugated polymers.7. A catalyst according to which is combined with a support.8. A catalyst according to which further comprises a third material that performs a function chosen from charge mediation claim 1 , light harvesting or species transport enhancement.9. An electrode comprising a catalyst according to .10. A method of catalysis claim 1 , the steps comprising;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, '(i) forming a catalyst according to ,'}(ii) allowing light to impinge on the catalyst to generate photo excited species in either or both of the first and second materials,(iii) ...

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Номер записи: 87

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Method of Manufacturing Electrodes using Carbon nanotube Sheets

Номер: US20130224371A1

Автор: Kim Jae Hak, Lee Gil Sik, Lee Kyung Hwan, Overzet Lawrence J.

Принадлежит: The Board of Regents of the University of Texas System

Growing spin-capable multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) forests in a repeatable fashion will become possible through understanding the critical factors affecting the forest growth. Here we show that the spinning capability depends on the alignment of adjacent MWCNTs in the forest which in turn results from the synergistic combination of a high areal density of MWCNTs and short distance between the MWCNTs. This can be realized by starting with both the proper Fe nanoparticle size and density which strongly depend on the sheet resistance of the catalyst film. Simple measurement of the sheet resistance can allow one to reliably predict the growth of spin-capable forests. The properties of pulled MWCNTs sheets reflect that there is a relationship between their electrical resistance and optical transmittance. Overlaying either 3, 5, or 10 sheets pulled out from a single forest produces much more repeatable characteristics. 130-. (canceled)31. A method of manufacturing an electrode for fuel cells and lithium batteries comprising the step of:(i) pulling out a bundle of CNTs from said CNT forest;(ii) forming CNT sheets from the pulled bundle of CNTs; and(iii) forming metal oxide/CNT sheet composites comprising CNT sheets wherein the CNTs are encapsulated by metal oxides.32. The method of claim 31 , wherein the metal oxide comprises a transition metal oxide.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of manganese oxide claim 32 , nickel oxide claim 32 , cobalt oxide claim 32 , and iron oxide.34. The method of claim 31 , wherein the metal oxide is coated onto the CNTs by a process selected from the group consisting of sputtering claim 31 , electro-deposition claim 31 , chemical vapor deposition (CVD) claim 31 , and combinations thereof.35. The method of claim 31 , wherein(i) the CNTs are encapsulated by metal oxides by a process comprising coating a metal onto the CNTs, wherein the process is selected from the group ...

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Номер записи: 88

29-08-2013 дата публикации

ELECTRODE STRUCTURE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

Номер: US20130224601A1

Автор: Burnside Savannah V., Campbell Christopher T.S., Scordilis-Kelley Chariclea, Wilkening William F.

Принадлежит: Sion Power Corporation

The present invention relates to the use of porous structures comprising electrode active materials, which can be used as electrodes in electrochemical cells. In certain embodiments, the electrodes described herein can comprise a first porous support structure (e.g., a plurality of particles, which can be porous in certain cases) in which electrode active material is at least partially contained. The first porous support structure can be, in some embodiments, at least partially contained within the pores of a second porous support structure (e.g., an agglomeration of elongated fibers, a porous web formed by sintered particles, etc.) containing pores that are larger than the components of the first porous support structure. 1. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell , comprising:a first porous support structure contained within the pores of a second, electrically conductive porous support structure; andan electrode active material contained within the pores of the first porous support structure.2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the second porous support structure comprises an assembly of elongated fibers.3. The electrode of claim 2 , wherein the elongated fibers have an aspect ratio of at least about 3:1.45-. (canceled)6. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the second porous support structure comprises carbon.7. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the second porous support structure comprises metal.8. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the second porous support structure is at least partially coated with an electrically conductive material.9. The electrode of claim 8 , wherein the electrically conductive material comprises a metal.10. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the first porous support structure comprises at least one porous particle.11. The electrode of claim 10 , wherein the first porous support structure comprises an assembly of porous particles.12. The electrode of claim 10 , wherein the at least one porous particle comprises carbon.13. The ...

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Номер записи: 89

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Solid oxide cell stack and method for preparing same

Номер: US20130224620A1

Автор: Jens Valdemar Thorvald Høgh, Kresten J.N.L. Jensen, Lars Mikkelsen, Martin Sogaard, Peter Vang Hendriksen, Wolff-Ragnar Kiebach

Принадлежит: Danmarks Tekniskie Universitet, Topsoe Fuel Cell AS

A method for producing and reactivating a solid oxide cell stack structure by providing a catalyst precursor in at least one of the electrode layers by impregnation and subsequent drying after the stack has been assembled and initiated. Due to a significantly improved performance and an unexpected voltage improvement this solid oxide cell stack structure is particularly suitable for use in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolysing cell (SOEC) applications.

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Номер записи: 90

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Membrane structure

Номер: US20130224623A1

Автор: David Edward Barnwell, Peter Antony Trew, Robert Jeffrey Coleman, Thomas Robertson Ralph

Принадлежит: Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd

A membrane, suitable for use in a fuel cell, comprises: (a) a central region comprising an ion-conducting polymeric material; (b) a border region which creates a frame around the central region and which consists of one or more non-ion-conducting materials wherein at least one of the one or more non-ion-conducting materials forms a layer; wherein the non-ion-conducting material of the border region overlaps the ion-conducting polymeric material of the central region by 0 to 10 mm in an overlap region.

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Номер записи: 91

29-08-2013 дата публикации

POROUS ELECTRODE SUBSTRATE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, POROUS ELECTRODE SUBSTRATE PRECURSOR SHEET, MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, AND POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130224625A1

Автор: Sako Yoshihiro, Sumioka Kazuhiro

Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI RAYON CO., LTD.

Provided are: a porous electrode substrate which has excellent handling properties and surface smoothness and satisfactory gas permeability and electrical conductivity, and enables the reduction of damage to a polymer electrolyte membrane when integrated into a fuel cell; and a process for producing the porous electrode substrate. Specifically provided are: a porous electrode substrate comprising a three-dimensional structure (Y-1) produced by bonding short carbon fibers through carbon and a three-dimensional structure (Y-2) produced by bonding short carbon fibers through carbon, wherein the three-dimensional structures (Y-1) and (Y-2) are layer stacked on and integrated with each other, the short carbon fibers form a three-dimensional entangled structure in the structure (Y-1), and the short carbon fibers do not form a three-dimensional entangled structure in the structure (Y-2); a process for producing the electrode base material; a precursor sheet for producing the electrode base material; a membrane-electrode assembly which involves the electrode base material; and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. 1. A porous electrode substrate comprising , layer stacked and integrated therein:a three-dimensional structure Y-1 produced by bonding short carbon fibers A1 by carbon D; anda three-dimensional structure Y-2 produced by bonding short carbon fibers A2 by carbon D,whereinthe short carbon fibers A1 form a three-dimensional entangled structure in the three-dimensional structure Y-1, andthe short carbon fibers A2 do not form a three-dimensional entangled structure in the three-dimensional structure Y-2.2. The porous electrode substrate according to claim 1 ,whereinthe three-dimensional structure Y-1 is a three-dimensional structure in which the short carbon fibers A1 are bonded by three-dimensional mesh-like carbon fibers B, andthe three-dimensional structure Y-2 is a three-dimensional structure in which the short carbon fibers A2 are bonded by two-dimensional mesh-like ...

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Номер записи: 92

05-09-2013 дата публикации

SECONDARY BATTERY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20130230756A1

Автор: Byun In-Seop

Принадлежит: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.

A secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. In one embodiment, the battery includes an electrode assembly and a case accommodating the electrode assembly. The electrode assembly may include i) a first electrode plate comprising a first collector and a first active material layer formed on at least one side of the first collector, ii) a second electrode plate comprising a second collector and a second active material layer formed on at least one side of the second collector and iii) a separator interposed between the first and second electrode plates. In one embodiment, a plurality of pores are formed only in part of the first and second collectors.

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Номер записи: 93

05-09-2013 дата публикации

Corrosion resistant and electrically conductive surface of metal

Номер: US20130230793A1

Автор: Conghua Wang

Принадлежит: Treadstone Technologies Inc

Methods for coating a metal substrate or a metal alloy with electrically conductive titania-based material. The methods produce metal components for electrochemical devices that need high electrical conductance, corrosion resistance and electrode reaction activities for long term operation at a low cost.

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Номер записи: 94

12-09-2013 дата публикации

Oxygen-consuming electrode and method for producing same

Номер: US20130236797A1

Автор: Andreas Bulan, Gregor Polcyn, Lisa Rossrucker, Michael Marx, Norbert Wagner

Принадлежит: Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH

An oxygen-consuming electrode, in particular for use in chloralkali electrolysis, having a novel catalyst coating and also an electrolysis apparatus are described. Furthermore, its use in chloralkali electrolysis, fuel cell technology or metal/air batteries is described. The oxygen-consuming electrode comprises at least a support which in particular is electrically conductive, a layer containing a catalyst and a hydrophobic layer, characterized in that it contains gallium in addition to silver as catalytically active component.

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Номер записи: 95

12-09-2013 дата публикации

DURABLE FUEL CELL WITH PLATINUM COBALT ALLOY CATHODE CATALYST AND SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE

Номер: US20130236812A1

Автор: Berretta Francine, Haas Herwig, Roberts Joy, Yang Amy Shun-Wen

Принадлежит:

The degradation associated with repeated startup and shutdown of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells comprising PtCo alloy cathode catalysts can be particularly poor. However, a marked and unexpected improvement in durability is observed as a result of incorporating a selectively conducting component in electrical series with the anode components in the fuel cell. 1. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a solid polymer electrolyte , a cathode , and anode components connected in series electrically wherein:i) the anode components comprise an anode and a selectively conducting component;ii) the selectively conducting component comprises a selectively conducting material; andiii) the electrical resistance of the selectively conducting component in the presence of hydrogen is more than 100 times lower than the electrical resistance in the presence of air; andthe cathode comprises a PtCo alloy catalyst.2. The fuel cell of wherein the cathode comprises a carbon supported PtCo alloy catalyst.3. The fuel cell of wherein the carbon supported PtCo alloy catalyst comprises 25-30% claim 2 , preferably 27-29% claim 2 , most preferably 27.5-28.5% Pt and 2-6% claim 2 , preferably 3-5 claim 2 , most preferably 3.5-4.5% Co by weight.4. The fuel cell of wherein the electrical resistance of the selectively conducting component in the presence of hydrogen is more than 1000 times lower than the electrical resistance in the presence of air.5. The fuel cell of wherein the selectively conducting material is tin oxide.6. The fuel cell of wherein the selectively conducting material additionally comprises platinum deposited on the tin oxide.7. The fuel cell of wherein the selectively conducting material comprises 0.5 to 2% claim 6 , preferably 0.75 to 1.5 claim 6 , most preferably about 1% by weight of platinum deposited on the tin oxide.8. The fuel cell of wherein the anode components comprise an anode gas diffusion layer adjacent the anode claim 1 , the selectively conducting ...

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Номер записи: 96

12-09-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS CARBON MATERIALS HAVING MESOPORES AND CATALYST SUPPORT FOR A FUEL CELL PRODUCED USING SAME

Номер: US20130236816A1

Автор: Jung Doo-Hwan, KIM Sang-Kyung, Lee Byung-Rok, Lim Seong-Yop, Nam Ki-Don, Peck Dong-Hyun

Принадлежит: KOREA INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESEARCH

The present invention relates to a method for producing porous carbon materials comprising the following steps: (S1) forming carbon coatings on surfaces of ceramic nanoparticles; (S2) mixing carbon precursors and ceramic nanoparticles on which carbon coatings are formed in the step (S1); (S3) heat-treating the mixture of the ceramic nanoparticles having carbon coatings thereon and carbon precursors, prepared in the step (S2) to carbonize the mixture; and (S4) removing the ceramic nanoparticles from the material obtained in the step (S3). The method for producing porous carbon materials according to the present invention enables porous carbon materials in which mesopores are uniformly distributed, to be mass produced with low costs. The porous carbon materials having mesopores may be used as catalyst supports for fuel cells, and thus may be used in producing electrodes for fuel cells. 1. A method of producing a porous carbon material having mesopores , comprising:(S1) forming a carbon film on surfaces of ceramic nanoparticles;(S2) mixing the ceramic nanoparticles having the carbon film obtained in (S1) with a carbon precursor;(S3) heat-treating a mixture obtained in (S2) comprising the ceramic nanoparticles having the carbon film and the carbon precursor so as to be carbonized; and(S4) removing the ceramic nanoparticles from a material obtained in (S3).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of SiO2 claim 1 , Al2O3 claim 1 , MgO claim 1 , CaCO3 claim 1 , zeolite claim 1 , aluminosilicate claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic nanoparticles have a particle size of 2˜100 nm.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein (S1) comprises placing the ceramic nanoparticles in an electrical furnace claim 1 , adding a gaseous carbon-containing compound claim 1 , and performing pyrolysis at 350˜950° C. claim 1 , thereby forming the carbon film on the surfaces of the ceramic nanoparticles.5. ...

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Номер записи: 97

19-09-2013 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR FOLDING ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20130240323A1

Автор: BAIK Hyun-sook, Cho Jihoon, Han Changmin, HWANG Sung Min, JUNG Seok Joo, Jung Su Taek, JUNG Taeyoon, Kim Byeong Geun, LEE Han Sung, Min Ki Hong, Park Sang Hyuck, SON Jeong Sam, Song Ki Hun, YANG Byung Taek

Принадлежит: LG Chem, LTD

Disclosed is a unit cell transfer apparatus for arranging and delivering unit cells to a folding device, which is used in a continuous process for manufacturing a stack/folding type electrode assembly having a structure of planar unit cells wound up over a separate film. 1. A unit cell transfer apparatus for arranging and delivering unit cells to a folding device , which is used in a continuous process for manufacturing a stack/folding type electrode assembly having a structure of planar unit cells wound up over a separate film , comprising:a unit cell feeder to introduce unit cells in sequential order;a position checking part that captures an image of a position of the unit cell in the unit cell feeder to acquire an image signal and then transmits the image signal to a control part described below;the control part that confirms aligned conditions of the unit cells on the basis of image signals received by the checking part to control behavior of grippers described below;two or more grippers, each of which grips unit cells fed from the cell feeder one unit at a time and then delivers the unit cells to a transfer part described above, after position compensation of the unit cell according to a position compensation signal provided by the control part; andthe unit cell transfer part for delivering the unit cells described above to a folding device.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the unit cell is a bi-cell or a full cell.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the unit cell feeder is a conveyer belt claim 1 , and the unit cells are loaded on top of the conveyer belt and introduced.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the checking part is a camera mounted on the top of the unit cell feeder and generates an image signal acquired by capturing an image of only a part of the unit cell.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the checking part generates the image signal acquired by capturing images of both edges of one face of the ...

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Номер записи: 98

19-09-2013 дата публикации

CATHODE MATERIAL, INTERCONNECTOR MATERIAL AND SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL

Номер: US20130244132A1

Автор: Fujisaki Shinji, KOBAYASHI Ayano, Ohmori Makoto

Принадлежит: NGK Insulators, Ltd.

A cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell comprising a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the general formula ABOwith a standard deviation value of no more than 10.3 for the atomic percentage of respective elements in the A site measured using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 10 spots in a single field. 1. A cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell comprising:{'sub': '3', 'a complex oxide having a perovskite structure expressed by the general formula ABOwith a standard deviation value of no more than 10.3 for the atomic percentage of respective elements in the A site measured using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 10 spots in a single field.'}2. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinthe A site is selected from the group including La and Sr.3. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2 , wherein{'sub': 3', '3', '3', '3, 'the complex oxide is (La, Sr)(Co, Fe)O, (La, Sr)FeO, (La, Sr)CoO, or La(Ni, Fe)O.'}4. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinthe single field is a range observed by an electron microscope with a magnification of 100 times to 5000 times.5. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereina size of the respective 10 spots is no more than 1 micrometer.6. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1 , whereinthe position of the 10 spots is selected from the single field on the basis of the concentration level in 10 stages determined in response to a distribution of the atomic percentage in the single field.7. The cathode material for a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 6 , whereinthe concentration level of the 10 stages is set across the whole range of the distribution of the atomic percentage.8. A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a cathode comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the cathode made of the cathode material ...

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Номер записи: 99

19-09-2013 дата публикации

Electrocatalyst, Fuel Cell Cathode and Fuel Cell

Номер: US20130244133A1

Автор: Wieland Friedrich Wilhelm

Принадлежит:

The present invention is related to fuel cells and fuel cell cathodes, especially for fuel cells using hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or air as oxidant. A supported electrocatalyst () or unsupported metal black catalyst () of cathodes according to an embodiment of the present invention is bonded to a current collector () by an intrinsically electron conducting adhesive (). The surface of the electrocatalyst layer is coated by an ion-conducting ionomer layer (). According to an embodiment of the invention these fuel cells use cathodes that employ ruthenium alloys RuMeMesuch as ruthenium-palladium-iridium alloys or quaternary ruthenium-rhenium alloys RuMeMeRe such as ruthenium-palladium-iridium-rhenium alloys as electrocatalyst () for hydrogen peroxide fuel cells. Other embodiments are described and shown. 1. An electrode for a fuel cell , which comprises a current collector that is coated with the following sequence of layers:(a) a layer of an intrinsically electron-conducting adhesive on a surface of said current collector;(b) a layer of an electrocatalyst wherein dry electrocatalyst is bonded to the current collector by said electron-conducting adhesive, wherein said electrocatalyst does not comprise carbon microfibers; and(c) an ionomer layer in contact to said electrocatalyst.2. An electrode according to claim 1 , wherein said electrode is a cathode.3. An electrode according to claim 2 , wherein said intrinsically electron-conducting adhesive is a pressure sensitive adhesive and wherein said intrinsically electron-conducting adhesive layer has an electrical through plane area resistivity of less than 2.2 Ohm·cm.4. An electrode according to claim 3 , wherein said intrinsically electron-conducting adhesive comprises at least one intrinsically electron-conducting polymerthat is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, substituted polyanilines, polythiophene, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), other substituted polythiophenes, polypyrroles, polyparaphenylenes, ...

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Номер записи: 100