Многофазная статорная обмотка на печатной плате

Изобретение относится к электроэнергетике. Технический результат - уменьшение активного сопротивления обмотки и снижение габаритных размеров катушек и обмотки. Для этого многофазная статорная обмотка на печатной плате выполнена в виде многослойной печатной платы с катушками в фазной обмотке по числу полюсов электрической машины. Каждая катушка состоит из опорной части [3] на основном слое [1] и ответной части [4] на дополняющем слое [2]; опорные [3] и ответные [4] части катушек раздельно друг от друга образуют на своих слоях чередующиеся и соединенные с соответствующими частями других катушек пары [5] и [6]. Катушки соединены друг с другом встречно-последовательно, а именно в паре опорных частей на основном слое катушки соединены начало с началом, а в паре ответных частей на дополняющем слое – конец с концом. Перемычка между опорными частями первой [7] и последней [8] катушек заменена на отводы к выходным клеммам начала и конца фазной обмотки. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 16 ил., 1 табл.

Статор обращенной аксиальной электрической машины с обмотками на печатных платах

Изобретение относится к области электротехники. Технический результат - обеспечение возможности гибкой компоновки обмотки статора в зависимости от технических требований, упрощение сборки и коммутации трёхфазной статорной обмотки. Статор обращенной аксиальной электрической машины с обмотками на печатных платах содержит трехфазную обмотку в виде электропроводящих дорожек, сгруппированных в последовательно соединенные катушки на унифицированных активных слоях печатных плат статора, c выходными клеммами начала и конца обмотки, расположеннымивнутри зоны печатной платы между внутренней границей обмотки и валом, на угловом расстоянии друг от друга 360 электрических градусов. На одном активном слое размещена обмотка только одной фазы, которая образуется за счет сдвига слоя на -120, или 0, или +120 электрических градусов относительно базового положения слоя. Обмотки активных слоев включены в единую цепь трехфазной обмотки статора последовательно и/или параллельно. Для этого выводы начала и конца ...

ДИСКОВЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОГЕНЕРАТОР

Изобретение относится к области электротехники, в частности к дисковым электрогенераторам. Технический результат – повышение стабильности вращения якоря. Дисковый электрогенератор содержит первый корпус и второй корпус, а также первый комплект магнитов и второй комплект магнитов. Плоскость, где расположен первый комплект магнитов, параллельна плоскости, где расположен второй комплект магнитов, и однонаправленное магнитное поле формируется между первым комплектом магнитов и вторым комплектом магнитов. Якорь расположен параллельно к плоскости, где расположен первый комплект магнитов и размещен между первым комплектом магнитов и вторым комплектом магнитов. Якорь содержит панель, на которой расположены многочисленные катушки, неподвижно установленные в центре панели через равные интервалы по кругу на одной плоскости. Катушки имеют спиральную форму. Многочисленные катушки электрически соединены друг с другом посредством контуров на панели. 6 з.п. ф-лы, 9 ил.

УЛУЧШЕННЫЕ ПЛАНАРНЫЕ СОСТАВНЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И УЗЛЫ ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОМОТОРОВ И ГЕНЕРАТОРОВ С АКСИАЛЬНЫМ ПОТОКОМ

РОТАЦИОННАЯ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКАЯ МАШИНА С АКСИАЛЬНЫМ ПОЛЕМ

... 1. Ротационная электрическая машина с аксиальным полем, имеющая клеммы положительной и отрицательной полярности для многофазного электрического тока, характеризующаяся тем, что она содержит ротор, имеющий множество полюсов постоянных магнитов, и статор, имеющий множество рабочих проводниковых слоев, выполненных в виде печатных плат, среди которых имеется, по меньшей мере, по одному рабочему проводниковому слою для каждой фазы электрического тока, причем каждый из рабочих проводниковых слоев состоит из множества радиальных проводников, соединяющих внутренние сквозные отверстия с внешними сквозными отверстиями, причем внутренние сквозные отверстия расположены на их внутренней части упомянутого рабочего проводникового слоя, а внешние сквозные отверстия расположены на внешней стороне упомянутого рабочего проводникового слоя, каждый рабочий слой дополнительно имеет пару внешних проводников, предназначенных для электрического соединения положительной и отрицательной клеммы одной фазы электрического ...

SCHEIBENLÄUFERMOTOR UND MIT DIESEM AUSGERÜSTETE ELEKTRISCHE ARBEITSMASCHINE

Ein Scheibenläufermotor umfasst eine Abtriebswelle, eine Spulenscheibe, einen Stromversorgungsteil und einen Magneten. Die Spulenscheibe ist scheibenförmig und weist einen mindestens zweischichtigen Aufbau mit einer ersten Schicht und einer zweiten Schicht auf. Die Spulenscheibe umfasst eine Spule mit mehreren Teilspulenabschnitten, die jeweils in radialer Richtung der Abtriebswelle nach außen verlaufen, sowie Verbindungsabschnitte, die jeweils zwei Teilspulenabschnitte miteinander verbinden. Die mehreren Teilspulenabschnitte umfassen auf der ersten Schicht gebildete erste Teilspulenabschnitte und auf der zweiten Schicht gebildete zweite Teilspulenabschnitte. Der Stromversorgungsteil versorgt die Spule mit elektrischem Strom. Der Magnet ist gegenüber den mehreren Teilspulenabschnitten angeordnet. Die ersten Teilspulenabschnitte ergeben eine andere Gesamtzahl als die zweiten Teilspulenabschnitte.

Mikromotor und Herstellungsverfahren desselben

Wicklung fuer eine elektrische Maschine mit axialem Luftspalt

Wicklung aus Flachleitern fuer eine rotierende elektrische Maschine mit scheibenfoermgem Rotor und Stator

Stator for use in electrical machine i.e. asynchronous motor, has electrical conductor elements producing magnetic field acting in rotor, where parts of elements are provided as foil conductors attached to surface pointing towards recess

The stator (10') has a base (12') including a recess with circular cross section for a rotor (14). Electrical conductor elements produce magnetic field acting in the recess on another rotor. Parts of the electrical conductor elements are provided as foil conductors (34, 36, 38) that are attached to a surface of the base, where the surface points towards the recess. The foil conductors cover 95 percentages of the surface of the base and include carbon nano tubes and a composite material made of copper. An independent claim is also included for a rotor for an electrical machine.

Linear arbeitender Generator zur Stromerzeugung

Lineararbeitender Generator zur Stromerzeugung, der in einem Gehäuse (1, 1', 1'') geführt ist und eine Frontseite aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallel und horizontal angeordnete Platten (3) und (4) fest an Teilen aus Messing (7a) und die Permanentmagnete (12) fest an Platten aus Messing (3) und (4) gebunden sind.

Method for producing a wire coil

In order to produce a meandering wire coil (40) of cylindrical configuration, an endless wire is wound to form a single-layer or multi-layer coil having a desired number of parallel turns, and the wound coil is shaped into a meander whose sections (42, 43) which pass to and fro run parallel to one another on the circumference of a cylinder, preferably parallel to the cylinder axis. The winding overhangs (39, 44) which connect the meandering sections (42, 43) which pass to and fro can likewise run on the circumference of the cylinder or can be bent inwards or outwards from the cylinder configuration. Both a cylindrical coil and a flat coil can be formed into a meandering coil (40) in a cylinder configuration. ...

ELEKTROMOTOR MIT ABGEDICHTETER UMMANTELUNG.

LAEUFER MIT GESTANZTEN LAMELLAREN LEITERN, VERFAHREN ZU IHRER HERSTELLUNG UND DIE DABEI VERWENDETEN WICKLUNGEN

Non-volatile data storage device for use in portable computers

The storage device includes a data storage medium (15) mounted for rotation about an axis. A read/write head (18) is used for recording data on or reproducing data from the data storage medium. A printed circuit board (15) is also included, while a motor is used for rotating the data storage medium about its axis. The motor coil (14a) is formed on the printed circuit board. An actuator (17) is provided to which the read/write head is attached, and mounted to pivot about an axis so as to move the read/write head across the data storage medium. At least one motor annular permanent magnet (15a) is attached to the bottom of the data storage medium. At least one motor permanent magnet (17a) is attached to the actuator. The latter and data storage medium are both mounted on a shaft. All shafts (12,13) are mounted on PCB.

Improvements in dynamoelectric machines

... 951,914. Dynamo-electric machines. COMPAGNIE ELECTRO-MECANIQUE. Jan. 23,1963 [Feb. 8, 1962], No. 2838/63. Heading H2A. A flat armature for a planar air-gap dynamoelectric machine comprises a winding of flat conductors of which no more than half form a commutation track close to the armature centre, the track forming conductor parts 6 being straight line parts extending towards the armature centre and alternating with conductors which do not form the commutating track. The conductors may be printed on both sides of an insulating disc 1 and the parts 6 may be inclined with respect to the radial direction. The armature is riveted to a hub 7, Fig. 2, and the brushes 12 bear on a part which is supported by an insulating ring 8. Whilst in the embodiment shown the armature forms the rotor, it may alternatively form the stator and be engaged by brushes fixed to a rotor having field windings.

PRINTED WINDING ROTOR

... 1,210,668. Printed circuits. MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO. Ltd. 21 Nov., 1967 [8 Dec., 1966 (2)], No. 52993/67. Heading H1K. [Also in Division H2] A commutator motor printed winding rotor. has printed on one insulating surface of a discoidal base-plate 5 multi-layer finding conductors comprising a first layer 6, a first insulating film 7 formed on the layer 6 but leaving a portion thereof exposed, a second layer 8 printed on the film 7 and the first layer exposed portion thereby electrically connecting together the two layers, and a second insulating film 9 formed on the second layer 8 and so offset from the first film 7 as to provide an insulation between the layers yet leave a portion of the second layer 8 exposed. Further layers 10, 12 and films 11 are superposed in similar radially staggered relationship, and the portions 6 of the first layer form a commutator which may be silver or rhodium plated. Instead of the lag pattern shown the winding may be of wave or concentric pattern ...

Improvements relating to the production of patterns, for use as conductors in electric circuits and apparatus

... 644,565. Inductances and transformers; dynamo-electric machines. STRONG, H. V., and EISLER, P. Aug. 31, 1945, Nos. 22485/45 and 13376/46. [Classes 35 and 38 (ii)] [Also in Group XXXVI] An electric winding for an inductance, transformer or dynamo-electric machine is produced by bringing a blank of conductive material into the final form together with sufficient bridgepieces to enable it to be handled as a unit, securing it to an insulating support and then removing the bridge-pieces. The process may be carried out in more than two stages by subdividing the production of the complete pattern into stages and securing it to insulation between each stage. The conductive material may be bonded to the insulation over its whole area or only over a sufficient area to enable it to be handled, or it may be sandwiched between two layers of insulation which are then bonded together. The bridge pieces may be, removed by punching through them and the insulation. Figs. 1 and 3 show two stages in the formation ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

... 1373690 Printed circuits ETABS E RAGONOT 8 March 1972 [9 March 1971] 10884/72 Heading H1R A method of manufacturing an electric circuit comprises tracing the configuration of the circuit on a photosensitive layer by projecting a spot or spots of actinic light on to said layer and moving the layer and the spots relative to one another. In one embodiment a cylindrical support 1, Fig. 1, having a metal layer 4, covered by a photosensitive layer 5, deposited on an insulating layer 3, is carried on a device 7. A cylindrical spot applicator 10 holds the ends of fibre optics 9 close to the surface of the photosensitive layer, the other ends of the fibre optics being mounted adjacent an actinic light source, Fig. 2 (not shown). Relative movement between the spots issuing from the fibre optics and the photosensitive layer is provided by a motor 11 which moves the support 1 longitudinally and a motor 12 which rotates the support such that any required pattern may be traced on the photosensitive layer ...

Wire Wound Armature, method and apparatus for making same

... 1,198,191. Dynamo-electric machines. PHOTOCIRCUITS CORP. 22 Feb., 1968 [3 March, 1967], No. 8573/68. Heading H2A. [Also in Division B3] A rotating winding for a disc type machine includes a number of radially extending insulated wire segments distributed to form an annular array which are adjacent the stationary magnetic pole faces of the machine. The segments are interconnected to form a winding in the shape of a relatively thin disc and successive segments are displaced by a distance approximately equal to the distance between pole centres of the associated magnetic structure. Two successive radially extending segments form a coil and the coils are interconnected in wave configuration. To give the winding structural integrity it is wound on a blank (44), which may be of thermoplastic material, and embedded therein, Fig. 2 (not shown). The winding may alternatively be laminated between a pair of discs or it may be coated by spraying or dipping with a suitable dielectric medium. The wires ...

ARMATURE COIL AND MANUFACTURE METHOD OF ARMATURE COIL.

Rotor/stator relationship in a brushless machine

A multi-phase brushless machine has a stator comprising air cored windings, each coil providing a fictive stator pole, the rotor comprising alternating permanent magnet poles 2 of equal number to the coils per phase, the angular span of each magnetic pole being equal or less than the angular span of each coil. The machine may be a motor or generator and may be an axial or radial air gap machine (rotary or linear). A yoke is provided against the air cores. The windings may be in the form of individual coils 1 or in the form of a continuous strip 25 or skeins 19,20. In the linear motor embodiment the coil/magnet number relationship does not hold.

An electrical conductor winding and a method of manufacturing an electrical conductor winding

An electrical conductor winding (70) comprises a plurality of laminates of electrical insulation (72). Each laminate of electrical insulation (72) has a slot (78) on one surface (76). Each laminate of electrical insulation (70) has an electrical conductor (82) arranged in the slot (78). An electrical connector (84) connects the electrical conductor (82) in one laminate of electrical insulation (78) with the electrical conductor (82) in an adjacent laminate of electrical insulation (72). The laminates of electrical insulation (72) are arranged such that the surface (74) of one laminate of electrical insulation (72) abuts and is bonded to the surface (76) of an adjacent laminate of electrical insulation (12). The laminates of electrical insulation (12) comprise a glass-ceramic material. The electrical conductor windings allow active magnetic bearings, electric motors and electric generators to be used at temperatures up to 500{C for example in gas turbine engines. The glass-ceramic material ...

An electrical conductor winding and a method of manufacturing an electrical conductor winding

ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED DC MACHINE AND USE THEREOF

Improvements in electrical rotating machine armatures

... 948,740. Dynamo-electric machines. SOC. D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. May 24, 1960 [May 25, 1959], No. 18320/60. Heading H2A. In an electrical rotating machine armature 30 comprising a thin insulating sheet 31 coated with conductive patterns forming an electrical winding, deformation due to operating temperature variations is minimized by displacing transversely an edge region 71 with respect to an adjacent region 72 of the armature. As shown, the region 71 is corrugated, and the inner edge region 70 may also be displaced, both displacements being effected by a pressing operation. The armature winding and the machine are similar to those in Specification 942,670. Specifications 874,394, 902,295 and 935,652 also are referred to.

Electric rotating machine

... 983,161. Dynamo-electric machines. HAYDON INSTRUMENT CO. Feb. 16, 1962 [July 13, 1961], No. 6020/62. Heading H2A. An electric rotating machine such as a D.C. motor or generator includes a rotor 12 having a plurality of printed circuit windings on each of the opposed faces of a dielectric supporting disc 15, a common connecting means 17 on one face and which interconnects one end of each of the windings 20 ... 22 on that face, and surface-to-surface conductor means connecting the other end of each of the latter windings to an end of one of the windings 30 ... 32 on the opposite face. As shown, the windings are star-connected by the printed ring forming the connecting means, and their outer ends are connected to printed commutator segments 35 ... 37 against which bear brushes 67, 68 carried by leaf springs 70, 71 within a housing member 73. The disc 15 may be of epoxy resin, through which pass links 45 . . . 47 forming the conductor means. The stator permanent magnet 50 is a high coercivity ...

Improvements in printed circuit windings for electrical rotating machines

... 971,549. Printed circuit windings for planar air-gap electrical machines. SOC. D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. Aug. 31, 1961 [Sept. 8, 1960], No. 31411/61. Addition to 923,070. Heading H2A. In a printed circuit A.C. winding, for an electrical rotating machine of the flat annular air-gap type, comprising two sets of an even number of flat half-turn conductors 11, 13, 14 bonded to the opposite faces of a flat annular insulating carrier, the conductors being uniformly distributed and shaped to form a series wave winding by appropriate face-to-face connections 213, 214 between the ends 113, 114 thereof, a number of conductors arranged in pairs registering from one face to the other and within an arc of a circle have the end connections 214 omitted and some of these conductors have other face-to-face connections 314 which are radially and circumferentially displaced from the conductor ends 114 in order to provide a number of separate coils. The connections are by hole metallization through ...

Photo-light painting method and apparatus

... 985,353. Making patterns with light beams. GOODYEAR AIRCRAFT CORPORATION. March 19, 1963 [May 4, 1962], Heading G2A. A continuous pattern is produced on a lightsensitive film by projecting a plurality of narrow light beams on to the film and effecting relative movement between the film and the beams in an endless path, at the same time effecting nutating motion in a direction at an angle to the said relative movement, and developing the film to produce a positive image. As shown,a light-sensitive film sheet 44 is secured to the upper surface of a plate 42. This is positioned on a support plate 16 which can be rotated turntable-fashion by a motor 22. Above the film sheet is positioned a light-proof box 25 containing a light source 30. In the base of the box, close to sheet 44, is a series of apertures such as the round holes 34, which thus define a series of narrow light beams falling on sheet 44. As the sheet is rotated, these beams trace a series of concentric rings on the sheet. In addition ...

Improvements in electrical rotating machine armatures

... 942,670. Dynamo-electric machines. SOC. D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. May 24, 1960 [May 25, 1959 (2)], No. 18319/60. Heading H2A. In an electrical rotating machine armature 30 comprising a thin insulating sheet 31 coated on both its surfaces with conductive patterns forming an electrical winding, and an insulating disc 31a disposed against the pattern on one surface, the sheet and disc are mounted in relatively displaceable relation to allow thermal expansion of the sheet in its plane with respect to the disc. As shown in Fig. 1, the sheet and disc are secured to a rotor shaft 11 by a threaded nut 14c and clamp ring 14b of a hub 14, but otherwise are free to expand, and the disc may be of reduced diameter equal to the outer diameter of the ring of permanent magnet pole shoes 15a, 18a, &c. If of equal diameter the disc and sheet may be clamped together such as to prevent lateral movement but permit relative radial movement by copper tabs 70, Fig. 5b, or a resilient ring 90, Fig. 6. The ...

Electrical coils

... 993,265. Dynamo-electric machine coils. TOKYO DENSHI SEIKI-KABUSHIKI KAISHA. April 11, 1962, No. 13964/62. Heading H2A. [Also in Division H1] A field coil 15 for a dynamo electric machine is formed by encapsulating, in a container of synthetic resin or similar material, a number of insulating sheets 1 each carrying on at least one surface a conductive spiral 3, the terminals of these spirals being interconnected to form the coil. The sheets may be of glass fabric with epoxide or silicone resin, glass fibres bonded with melamine resin or paper bonded with phenolic resin. A coil for a transformer or other apparatus is also described (see Division H1).

System and apparatus for segmented axial field rotary energy device

A winding member for an electrical rotating machine of the flat annular air-gap type

... 935,652. Dynamo-electric machines having printed windings and planar air-gaps. SOC.D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. Feb. 12, 1960 [Feb. 12, 1959], No. 5141/60. Class 35. In a winding member for an electrical rotating machine of the flat annular air-gap type and comprising a discoidal insulating member 31 having its two flat surfaces coated with patterns of conductors 33 which have circular inner and outer boundaries 34, 35, interconnections between each conductor on one surface and appropriate conductors on the other surface comprise conductive coatings 36 . . . 38 bounding apertures through the member 31 and disposed in circular rows 39 . . . 41 near the boundaries at least two rows 40, 41 being near one boundary. As shown, the two rows are at the inner boundary 34 to which alternate conductors 33 extend and are interconnected by the innermost row 41, whilst intervening conductors stop short of the boundary and are interconnected by the other inner row 40. The winding member may be the ...

Method of making an electrical member

... 937,153. Printed circuits. PHOTOCIRCUITS CORPORATION. July 26, 1961, No. 27084/61. Class 37. [Also in Group XXXV] A method of making a printed circuit comprises the steps of selectively etching the surface of a base member in accordance with the desired circuit pattern, plating over both etched and unetched portions of the surface with a conductive material and removing the conductive material, e.g. by grinding, from the unetched portions of the surface. The invention is described with reference to the production of a rotor for a flat air-gap motor, as described in Specification 874,394, comprising a disc 11 of low-loss silicon iron or of soft iron having conductive copper regions formed therein. The disc 11 of which a portion is shown in section in Fig. 3a is coated with a photo resist 14, Fig. 3b, which is suitably exposed and washed to leave a pattern as shown in Fig. 3c. The upper surface of the disc is then etched, Fig. 3d, and the etchresist 14 is then removed by abrasion and the ...

Improvements in or relating to dynamo electric machines

... 926,934. Dynamo-electric machines. NORMACEM. May 2, 1960 [June 2, 1959], No. 15329/60. Class 35. In a planar air-gap dynamo-electric machine which includes one or more magnetic field elements, not shown, and a rotatable discoidal armature having a flat winding, at least one of the armature surfaces has at least one flat circular electrically conductive track 4, 5 electrically connected to at least one appropriate point on the winding and engageable with rubbing contacts, not shown, for the supply or delivery of alternating current. The armature of the single-phase machine shown comprises a thin insulating -disc 1 on which the winding conductors, the tracks 4, 5, and interconnections 4a, 5a are produced by printing, photogravure or electrolytic deposition, the conductors on opposite sides of the disc being interconnected through the disc at 2, 3. The machine may be a motor or a generator and additionally may act as a receiver or supplier of direct current by means of further brushes, not ...

MAKING AN ARMATURE FOR A BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

ELECTRIC MOTOR

Multiple member windings for electrical rotating machines

... 1,109,529. Windings for dynamo-electric machines. SOCIETE D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. 14 Sept., 1966 [16 Sept., 1965; 19 July, 1966], No. 41012/66. Heading H2A. The rotating commutated printed winding of a planar-air-gap machine is distributed on both sides of several planar carriers which may be lumped together in a single air-gap or else distributed in several spaced air-gaps. The individual winding carriers are so wound that, no matter how many such carriers are stacked together, the winding on each carrier is the same. This is done by using windings of series-wave pattern in which there is an odd number of conductors in each layer, and a certain number of conductors at one (the inner) edge are left unconnected to each other but are connected to windings on other discs. These unconnected conductor ends are connected to unconnected conductors on adjacent winding carriers displaced by an amount equal to the winding progression, and in the end layers appropriate connections are also ...

System and apparatus for axial field rotary energy device

Stator for a multi-phase electrical machine

DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR AND PRINTED CIRCUIT ARMATURE THEREFO

... 1496090 Dynamo-electric machines KOLLMORGEN CORP 27 May 1975 [4 June 1974] 23134/75 Heading H2A A D.C. motor comprises two permanent magnets 12, 14 and 16, 18 on opposite sides of a printed circuit winding secured to a laminated core of low reluctance material, and brushes 90, 92 engaging the printed circuit conductors 32. The motor shown has two superimposed layers of insulated printed circuit conductors, the conductors in the different layers being skewed in opposite directions. The motor includes flux return members 17, 19.

Improvements in stator members for electrical rotating machines of the flat annular air-gap type

... 905,344. Dynamo-electric machines having planar air gaps and printed windings. SOC. D'ELECTRONIQUE ET D'AUTOMATISME. Dec. 14, 1959 [Dec. 13, 1958], No. 42457/59. Addition to 874,394. Class 35. A stator member for a flat annular air-gap type of electrical rotating machine includes in the embodiment shown an insulating magnetic disc 207, Fig. 1, supporting a plurality of spaced groups of radial conductors 201 . . . 204 and 2011 . . . 2041 those of each group being connected to those of a next group angularly displaced in one direction by a group of inner arcuate conductors and to those of the next group angularly displaced in the opposite direction by a group of outer arcuate conductors 221. . .224 and 2221 . . . 2241 so as to form a series connected winding between two terminals 205, 206 on the member, the conductors being formed on the disc by a printed circuit technique. In another embodiment the disc is of spiralled magnetic strip wound about itself ...

Electromechanical apparatus compound.

Improvement with the armature of machines with plane axial air-gap and lamellate windings.

Improvements with electric windings.

Improvement with windings of the revolving electric machines

Improvement with windings of the revolving electric machines.

Mode of realization of flat windings for electric machines with plane air-gap.

Improvement with formed flat electric windings of naked lamellate drivers.

Improvements in electrical rotating machines of the flat annular air-gap type

Revolving electric machine.

Improvements with the revolving electric machines with axial air-gap.

Rolling up for electromechanical converters of energy.

Improvements with electrotechnical windings with flat drivers.

Improvements with the realization of the electrical circuits of the kind says “printed”.

Winding with several layers in “printed” drivers

Sophisticated synchronous machines.

OPTIMIZED LEADER ARRANGEMENT FOR AN AXIAL FIELD A ROTATIONAL ENERGY MECHANISM

ELECTRICAL DISK MOTOR GENERATOR WITH A CASTING ARMATURE COIL

ELECTRICAL ARMATURE WINDING

ELECTRICAL ENGINE.

Flatten coil for electrical machines with even air gap

Procedure for the production of an electrical electric circuit

Procedure for the production of a printed circuit

PRINTED CIRCUIT ARMATURE

Disc power generator

A disc power generator comprises a first housing (110) and a second housing (120). The first housing and the second housing are locked and fixed together to enclose a receiving space. The disc power generator further comprises a first magnet set (130) and a second magnet set (131) provided in the receiving space. A plane where the first magnet set (130) is located is parallel to a plane where the second magnet set (131) is located, and a unidirectional magnetic field is formed between the first magnet set and the second magnet set (131). An armature (140) parallel to the plane where the first magnet set (130) is located is provided between the first magnet set (130) and the second magnet set (131). The armature comprises a board (141). On the board (141), with the board (141) as the center, multiple coils (160) arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential form on a same plane are fixed mounted. The coils are in a spiral form, the plane where the coils are located is parallel to the ...

Structures and methods for thermal management in printed circuit board stators

A stator for a motor or generator including a planar composite structure (PCS) having at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive layers is provided. The stator includes first conductive elements extending radially to a distance rx from a center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. Each first conductive element includes a preferred termination structure to connect with at least one of a plurality of second conductive elements extending radially from a radius r ...

Axial field electric machine

MACHINE WITH CUP-SHAPED ARMATURE AND AIR GAP

An electro-mechanical machine having a field producing assembly (34, 34', 34a, 34b) providing a cup-shaped air gap (133) which is circumferentially disposed about an axis of rotation. The field assembly (34, 34', 34a, 34b) produces a circumferential distribution of magnetic flux in the cup-shaped air gap (133) having n periodic extremes of flux density (34, 34', 34a, 34b) about the axis. A cup-shaped electrical assembly (128) or armature is disposed in the air gap (133) and the armature (128) and field assembly (34, 34', 34a, 34b) are relatively rotatable. The armature (128) has a circular array of C non- overlapping coils (131) on each of its inner and outer faces with the coils (131) on one face being angularly offset from the coils (131) on the other face. Moreover, since the air gap (133) and coils (131) are cup-shaped, it is possible to achieve, for a machine of given diameter and form factor, a horsepower and torque which was previously possible only with substantially larger disk-type ...

TORQUE MOTOR

A torque motor (20) has a base (21), four polepieces (22A, 22B, 22C, 22D) extending away from the base, the polepieces being separated from one another and being arranged at the corners of an imaginary polygon (27), each polepiece terminating in a pole (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D); a coil (24A, 24B, 24C, 24D) surrounding each of the polepieces; an armature (26) pivotally mounted on the base, the armature having a portion arranged to move toward and away from an associated one of the poles, respectively, to define a variable-reluctance air gap (gA, gB, gC, gD) therebetween; a permanent magnet (29) mounted on one of the base and armature and polarized in a direction parallel to the pivotal axis of the armature; and wherein at least a portion of the torque motor is formed by a MEMS technique; whereby the coil may be selectively energized to cause the armature to pivot about its axis.

TORQUE MOTOR

A torque motor (20) has a base (21), four polepieces (22A, 22B, 22C, 22D) extending away from the base, the polepieces being separated from one another and being arranged at the corners of an imaginary polygon (27), each polepiece terminating in a pole (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D); a coil (24A, 24B, 24C, 24D) surrounding each of the polepieces; an armature (26) pivotally mounted on the base, the armature having a portion arranged to move toward and away from an associated one of the poles, respectively, to define a variable-reluctance air gap (gA, gB, gC, gD) therebetween; a permanent magnet (29) mounted on one of the base and armature and polarized in a direction parallel to the pivotal axis of the armature; and wherein at least a portion of the torque motor is formed by a MEMS technique; whereby the coil may be selectively energized to cause the armature to pivot about its axis.

CONDUCTOR OPTIMIZED AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

The present invention provides an axial rotary energy device which is arranged in a multi-phase electric current configuration. The device includes a rotor having a plurality of permanent magnet poles secured thereto and further includes a stator formed by stacking a plurality of printed circuit board working conductor layers together with a plurality of printed circuit board connecting layers. The stator having at least one working conductor layer for each phase of the electric current and at least one connecting conductor layer associated with one working conducting layer. The working conductor layer and the connecting conductor layer each having radial conductors extending from an inner diameter through-hole to an outer diameter through-hole. A plurality of via conductors are provided for electrically connecting selected ones of the radial connectors of the connecting conductor layer to selected ones of the radial connectors of the working conductor layers through the through-holes.

STRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT IN PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD STATORS

A stator for a motor or generator including a planar composite structure (PCS) having at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive layers is provided. The stator includes first conductive elements extending radially to a distance rx from a center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. Each first conductive element includes a preferred termination structure to connect with at least one of a plurality of second conductive elements extending radially from a radius r2 from the center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS.

IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTROMAGNETIC MACHINES

An electromagnetic machine (1) comprises an electrical conductor vane (7) disposed between two magnetic arrays (3). The electrical conductor vane (7) comprises a plurality of electrically insulated conductors (35), wherein wh en the conductors (35) are disposed in magnetic fields produced by the magne tic arrays (3) and when current flows in the conductors (35), an electromagn etic force is induced to cause movement of the magnetic arrays (3) relative to the electrical conductor vane (7) and wherein the set of conductors (35) substantially fills the gap between the magnetic arrays (3) through which th e magnetic fields pass.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLABLY MOVING ONE OR MORE MOVEABLE STAGES IN A DISPLACEMENT DEVICE

Aspects of the invention provide methods and systems for moving moveable stages relative to a stator. A stator is operationally divided into multiple stator tiles. The movement of the one or more moveable stages is controlled by a plurality of controllers (each assigned particular control responsibilities). A controller is provided for each stator sector, where each stator sector comprises a group of one or more stator tiles. Controllers from neighboring sectors share various information to facilitate controllable movement of one or more moveable stages relative to the stator.

WIND TURBINE SYSTEM

A wind turbine system comprises a current generator having a planar base member, a connection member secured at a geometrical center of the base member and configured to rotate about an axis transverse to a plane of the support member upon exertion of wind pressure on the wind turbine, a rotor assembly secured to the connection member for rotation about the axis, the rotor assembly spaced from the base member and comprising planar rotor members spaced from and parallel to one another; and a planar stator assembly secured to the base member and centered in a spacing between the rotor members, the stator assembly configured to generate a current upon rotation of the rotor assembly relative thereto. A control system supplies power from the generator to an electrical grid. A control system adjusts an angular position of the turbine blades. A wind sensor measures a differential wind pressure.

WINDING FOR A ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING SUCH A WINDING

The invention provides a winding (40) for a rotating electrical machine (1) comprising a flexible PCB (45) having a plurality of conductors (60) on a first surface and a plurality of conductors (60) on a second surface, said conductors having a shape optimizing the performance of the machine, and a method for designing such a winding.

STATOR FOR DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINE

THREE-PHASE ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH INTERLACED CONDUCTOR LAYERS

In prior art three-phase electric machines with a layered winding, the conductor elements either make non-optimum use of the space in the slot or the conductors for each phase are in the form of large elements designed to be fitted into each other and whose manufacture is complicated and costly. The invention calls for the conductors (5-7) for each phase in the three-phase conductor layer (11) to be identical in construction and for the construction to be repeated every four pole pitches. While the phase conductors (5-7) occupy the full height of the layer within the magnetic field, two phase conductors (5-7) superposed one above the other in the slot share the space at the coil ends (9). At the slot exit, the conductor cross-section increases and only later, at the coil end (9), halved from only one side at each passage through the coil end. In order to alternate the layer halves, contact surfaces are available which are large in comparison to the conductor cross-section and the two winding ...

Procédé de fabrication d'un enroulement imprimé

Moteur électrodynamique

Synchro-machine électrique

Induit de machine électrique tournante à entrefer axial plan, comprenant un bobinage lamellaire

Machine électrique tournante à entrefer axial

Instrument de mesure électrique

Procédé de fabrication d'un élément comprenant des circuits électriques imprimés sur les deux faces d'un support isolant résistant à de hautes températures

Verfahren zum Herstellen einer in sich geschlossenen elektrischen Wicklung und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Wicklung

Verfahren zum Herstellen gedruckter Schaltungen

Equipement électrique comprenant un moteur et une génératrice tachymétrique à entrefers axiaux et à même nombre de phases

Machine électrique tournante

Machine électrique tournante à entrefer axial

Bobinage électrique formé de conducteurs imprimés, pour convertisseur d'énergie

Machine électrique tournante à entrefer axial

Wechselstrommotor mit magnetischer Steuerung

Procédé de fabrication d'un circuit électrique imprimé sur un support isolant

Machine électrique tournante

Machine électrique tournante

Laminated Sheet Winding

Apparatuses, systems, and methods provide for high density laminated sheet windings in axial and radial flux configurations. According to embodiments described herein, motor components such as a rotor or stator include a number of stacked sheets of conductive material. The stacked sheets are electrically connected in series to create a winding. Each motor component includes a number of conductors spaced apart with apertures between. The motor components are stacked and configured with the conductors of one rotor or stator positioned within the apertures of the other rotor or stator to create a thin, high density conductor. A magnemotive force is created when the magnetic flux is positioned over the conductors.

Motor stator

A motor stator includes an insulating frame having a plurality of projecting rods, an induction unit, and a plurality of conductive members. The induction unit includes an induction circuit board, a plurality of induction coils embedded within the induction circuit board, and a plurality of coil windings wound respectively on the projecting rods. The conductive members extend through the insulating frame and the induction circuit board for establishing an electrical connection between each of the induction coils and a corresponding one of the coil windings. The turn numbers of the coil windings are not limited by the area and thickness of the induction circuit board, and can be increased. Alternatively, the coil windings may be positioned to increase the magnetic pole slot number when energized. As such, a driving force of the motor stator can be increased.

Electric operating machine

When a main switch ( 12 ) is turned ON, an electric operating machine ( 1 ) is put in the standby mode. With a trigger ( 13 ) being pulled in the standby mode, a power supply circuit ( 16 ) applies a voltage to a drive part ( 30 ). The power supply circuit ( 16 ) adjusts the voltage applied to the drive part ( 30 ) for a voltage corresponding to the pulling rate of the trigger ( 13 ). When the current running toward the drive part ( 30 ) exceeds the rated value of the drive part ( 30 ), the power supply circuit ( 16 ) automatically stops power supply to the drive part ( 30 ). On the other hand, when the output voltage of a battery ( 50 ) drops and the battery ( 50 ) is put in an overdischarge state, power supply to the drive part ( 30 ) is automatically stopped. When it is detected that the battery ( 50 ) undergoes an abnormal event, power supply to the drive part ( 30 ) is automatically stopped.

Disk motor and electric power tool

A disk motor and an electric power tool in which positioning of a coil disk with respect to a commutator disk can be carried out while reliably ensuring insulating properties are provided. A disk motor having: an output shaft part; a coil disk that is provided with a coil pattern and provided coaxially to the output shaft part; a commutator disk that is provided with a commutator pattern and provided coaxially to the output shaft part; and a positioning pin that is electrically insulated from the coil disk and the commutator disk, is engaged with the output shaft part and the coil disk, and carries out positioning of the coil disk with respect to the output shaft part, and an electric power tool having the disk motor are provided.

DISK MOTOR AND ELECTRIC-POWERED WORKING MACHINE

A disk motor includes a rotor, a stator, and an output shaft which is coaxially integrated with the rotor, a coil disk is provided in one of the rotor and the stator, a magnetic-flux generating part is provided in the other of the rotor and the stator, and the coil disk is configured by laminating a plurality of coil substrates each on which a coil pattern is printed. Among these coil substrates, in the coil substrates Aa and Af on both ends in the laminating direction having relatively good heat dissipation effect, the coils are electrically connected in series to each other, and, in the coil substrates Ab to Ae on an inner side in the laminating direction having relatively poor heat dissipation effect. at least a part of the coils is electrically connected in parallel to each other. 2. The disk motor according to claim 1 , in the second coil substrate part claim 1 , at least a part of the plurality of coil substrates is electrically connected in parallel to each other claim 1 , andin the first coil substrate part, each of the plurality of coil substrates is electrically connected in series to a coil substrate in the second coil substrate part.3. The disk motor according to claim 1 , wherein: the coil substrates in the first coil substrate part and the coil substrates in the second coil substrate part are made of the same member.4. The disk motor according to claim 1 , wherein:an electrical resistance of the coil formed on each coil substrate in the second coil substrate part is smaller than an electrical resistance of the coil formed on each coil substrate in the first coil substrate part.5. The disk motor according to claim 1 , wherein:the disk motor includes a power supply part for supplying electric power to the plurality of coil substrates, andthe magnetic-flux generating part generates magnetic flux on the plurality of coil substrates in the laminating direction.6. A disk motor including a rotor claim 1 , a stator claim 1 , and an output shaft which is ...

Brushless motor and disk drive apparatus

A brushless motor includes a stationary unit and a rotary unit rotatably supported with respect to the stationary unit. The stationary unit includes an armature and a base member arranged to support the armature. The rotary unit includes a magnet, a hub made of a magnetic material and a rotor yoke made of a magnetic material. The armature includes a plurality of coil patterns arranged along a circumferential direction. The hub includes an inner lower surface, an outer lower surface and a recess portion. The recess portion is arranged between the inner lower surface and the outer lower surface and depressed upward. At least a portion of the magnet is accommodated within the recess portion. At least one of the inner lower surface and the outer lower surface is positioned above a lower surface of the magnet.

ELECTRIC WINDING FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERTERS OR MACHINES, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME AND ELECTRIC MACHINE

A winding is provided for electric energy converters, such as electric machines, like electric motors, generators or transformers, and a respective machine. The winding has conductor paths applied to a flexible carrier material by means of a printing process, in particular screen printing process. The conductor path preferably includes an electrically conductive paste. The conductor paths are printed one above the other in layers, and an insulating layer is applied between individual layers of the conductor paths. The conductor paths are arranged such that the conductor paths of superimposed winding layers preferably are transversely shifted against each other in a pre-finished, rolled up state. 1. Winding for electrical energy converter on the basis of electromagnetic force , said winding comprising conductor paths applied to a flexible carrier material by means of a printing process , in particular screen printing process , wherein the conductor paths are made of electrically conductive particulate or fluid material , in particular paste , such as a silver paste , and the conductor paths are printed in several superimposed layers , where an insulating layer is applied , preferably printed between the individual layers of the conductor paths.2. Winding according to claim 1 , wherein the winding comprises four layers printed on each other:as first layer a supply conductor of the conductor path printed on the carrier material;as second layer an insulating layer;as third layer a return conductor of the conductor path; andas fourth and final layer an insulating layer;wherein the first and third layer are connected through an interlayer connection.3. Winding according to claim 2 , wherein said interlayer connection is realized through the connection of small winding head portions of supply conductor and return conductor claim 2 , and wherein said small winding head portions project respectively beyond the interposed second layer having no contact to this layer.4. ...

LINEAR MOTOR FOR A DEVICE FOR TESTING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS AND DEVICE FOR TESTING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

The invention relates to a linear motor for a device for testing a printed circuit board. The linear motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a row of permanent magnets arranged side by side and alternating in their polarity, and wherein the rotor is formed from a printed circuit board on which conductor paths form magnet coils arranged side by side and each having several windings, which magnet coils, when carrying a current, apply a linear acceleration force to the rotor, so that the rotor is moved relative to the stator, wherein the printed circuit board is folded, so that the several windings of each magnet coil are distributed among several layers of the printed circuit board, which are placed on top of one another by folding the printed circuit board. 1. Linear motor for a device for testing printed circuit boards , having a stator and a rotor , wherein the stator comprises a row of permanent magnets arranged side by side and alternating in their polarity , and wherein the rotor is formed from a printed circuit board on which conductor paths form magnet coils arranged side by side and each having several windings , which magnet coils , when carrying a current , apply a linear acceleration force to the rotor , so that the rotor is moved relative to the stator ,wherein the printed circuit board is folded, so that the several windings of each magnet coil are distributed among several layers of the printed circuit board, which are placed on top of one another by folding the printed circuit board.2. Linear motor according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the conductor path amounts to at least 75% of an electrically insulating substrate of the printed circuit board and preferably at least 100% or at least 150% of the thickness of said substrate.3. Linear motor according to claim 1 , wherein the conductor paths have a thickness of 30 μm to 100 μm.4. Linear motor according to claim 2 , wherein the conductor paths have a thickness of 30 μ ...

MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE AND MOTOR

A motor coil substrate includes a flexible substrate, and coils formed on the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate is wound N times where N is 2 or larger, the coils are formed in a multiple of 3, the flexible substrate includes a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate extending from the first flexible substrate and wound around the first flexible substrate, the flexible substrate has a first end and a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the first flexible substrate has a first end of the flexible substrate, the second flexible substrate is positioned on an outer side of the first flexible substrate, and the coils are formed such that a coil or coils formed on the first flexible substrate partially overlap with a coil or coils formed on the second flexible substrate. 1. A motor coil substrate , comprising:a flexible substrate; anda plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate,wherein the flexible substrate is wound N times where N is 2 or larger, the plurality of coils is formed in a multiple of 3, the flexible substrate includes a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate extending from the first flexible substrate and wound around the first flexible substrate, the flexible substrate has a first end and a second end on an opposite side with respect to the one-end such that the first flexible substrate has a first end of the flexible substrate, the second flexible substrate is positioned on an outer side of the first flexible substrate, and the plurality of coils is formed such that a coil or coils formed on the first flexible substrate partially overlap with a coil or coils formed on the second flexible substrate.2. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of coils includes a U-phase coil claim 1 , a V-phase coil and a W-phase coil and is formed from the first end to the second end of the flexible substrate such that the U-phase coil claim 1 , the V-phase ...

Electromagnet, camera lens driving device, and production method of electromagnet

An electromagnet that increases electromagnetic force involved with a current flowing through a coil includes a stacked body including a plurality of base material layers, a coil including an in-plane coil conductor on one main surface of each of the base material layers, and an electrically isolated dummy pattern extending along at least a portion of the coil outside of the in-plane coil conductor on each of the base material layers in a plan view.

Motor and a method of assembling the same

In various embodiments, a motor may be provided. The motor may include a base, a first rotor, a second rotor and a stator arranged between the first rotor and the second rotor, the stator including an alignment member for aligning the stator to the base.

STACKING-TYPE STATOR USING MULTILAYER PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD, AND SINGLE-PHASE MOTOR AND COOLING FAN USING SAME

Provided is a stacking-type stator using a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) in which torque generation can be maximized in an opposite rotor, and a single-phase motor and a cooling fan both using the same. The stacking-type stator includes: a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) that is stacked and integrated with a penetration opening; and a coil pattern patterned on each layer of the multilayer PCB, wherein throughholes are formed to penetrate the multilayer PCB and connect the coil patterns, wherein the coil pattern comprises: inner and outer rotating direction pattern portions which are arranged in a circumferential direction at intervals along an inner circumference and an outer circumference concentrically with the penetration opening; and a radial pattern portion that interconnects the inner rotating direction pattern portion and the outer rotating direction pattern portion that are adjacent to each other and is disposed along the radial direction. 1. A stacking-type stator for a single-phase motor , the stacking-type stator comprising:a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) that is stacked and integrated with a penetration opening; anda coil pattern patterned on each layer of the multilayer PCB,wherein throughholes are formed to penetrate the multilayer PCB and connect the coil patterns,wherein the coil pattern comprises:inner and outer rotating direction pattern portions which are arranged in a circumferential direction at intervals along an inner circumference and an outer circumference concentrically with the penetration opening; anda radial pattern portion that interconnects the inner rotating direction pattern portion and the outer rotating direction pattern portion that are adjacent to each other and is disposed along the radial direction.2. The stacking-type stator for a single-phase motor of claim 1 , whereinthe coil pattern is patterned in a spiral pattern so that protrusions and recesses are repeated along the perimeter of the penetration ...

ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES

A method of forming an electrical motor, generator or other electromagnetic device by 3-D printing, wherein layers e.g. -are successively deposited which comprise conductive regions and regions of a laminated, core, yoke or other former (), so as to build up a plurality of conductors () extending inside spaces () in the former (). The conductors () are interconnected at their ends to form a winding-like structure in or around the former () or a part thereof. The method enables each space () available in the former () to be filled with conductors (), thereby maximising the efficiency of the device. 1. A method of forming an electromagnetic device , the method comprising depositing successive conductor layers , each deposited layer comprising a plurality of conductive regions of said conductive material which are electrically isolated from each other and which form portions of respective conductors of the device , each conductive region of each successive layer at least partially overlying the conductive region of the respective conductor in an adjacent layer and being in electrical and mechanical contact therewith to form a plurality of elongate conductors which are electrically isolated from each other , each layer comprising at least one region of a former material which is electrically isolated from the conductive regions , each region of former material of each successive layer overlying the respective region of former material in an adjacent layer and being in mechanical contact therewith to form an elongate former which is electrically isolated from the conductors and which co-extends with the conductors , the former being formed by sequentially depositing layers of a ferromagnetic material and layers of an insulative material to form a laminated structure , wherein the layers of ferromagnetic material are deposited to provide a plurality of varying magnetic properties in respective regions of the former.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , in which conductive ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLABLY MOVING ONE OR MORE MOVEABLE STAGES IN A DISPLACEMENT DEVICE

Aspects of the invention provide methods and systems for moving moveable stages relative to a stator. A stator is operationally divided into multiple stator tiles. The movement of the one or more moveable stages is controlled by a plurality of controllers (each assigned particular control responsibilities). A controller is provided for each stator sector, where each stator sector comprises a group of one or more stator tiles. Controllers from neighboring sectors share various information to facilitate controllable movement of one or more moveable stages relative to the stator. 1. A system for controllably moving one or more moveable stages relative to a stator , the system comprising:one or more moveable stages, each of the one or more moveable stages comprising one or more magnetization elements, each magnetization element having a corresponding magnetization direction and the one or more moveable stages comprising a first moveable stage;a stator comprising a plurality of sectors, each sector comprising a plurality of coil traces, the plurality of sectors further comprising a first sector comprising a first plurality of coil traces and a second sector comprising a second plurality of coil traces;a first controller and one or more first amplifiers associated with the first sector, the first controller and the one or more first amplifiers connected to controllably drive first currents in one or more first coil trace groups from among the first plurality of coil traces;a second controller and one or more second amplifiers associated with the second sector, the second controller and the one or more second amplifiers connected to controllably drive second currents in one or more second coil trace groups from among the second plurality of coil traces;the first and second controllers in bi-directional communication with one another via a sector link between the first and second controllers;wherein the first controller is configured to determine a particular second current ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR

A low voltage high current permanent magnet DC electromagnetic heteropolar motor, including (a) at least one permanent magnet rotor; (b) a shaft in mechanical communication with the rotor such that axial rotation of the rotor causes axial rotation of the shaft; (c) at least one stator winding; (d) a plurality of switches, each functioning to provide commutation switching for the stator so as to generate a torque on the rotor and thereby cause said axial rotation of the shaft, wherein a terminal voltage of said machine is equal to the voltage of one electrochemical cell, and wherein the power of said machine is at least 1 kW. 1. A permanent magnet DC electromagnetic heteropolar motor , including:(a) at least one permanent magnet rotor;(b) a shaft in mechanical communication with the rotor such that axial rotation of the rotor causes axial rotation of the shaft;(c) a stator including at least one stator winding; and(d) a plurality of switches, each functioning to provide commutation switching for the stator so as to generate a torque on the rotor and thereby cause said axial rotation of the shaft,wherein the stator includes circumferentially distributed and radially directed slots therein that define corresponding radially directed elongate electrically conductive bars, wherein the bars extend radially from a common inner conducting ring, such that said at least one stator winding is formed by the bars.2. The motor claimed in claim 1 , wherein said switches include multiple transistor half bridge switches claim 1 , each one of said half bridge switches connecting to separate points of the stator winding claim 1 , where said half bridge transistor switches function to provide commutation switching and to regulate current in said stator winding so as to generate a torque on the rotor and thereby cause said axial rotation of the shaft.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The motor claimed in claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , in use claim 2 , two of said half bridges are activated ...

MOTOR CONTROLLER AND METHODS OF MONITORING MOTOR STATUS

A motor controller for controlling an electric motor includes at least one integrated sensor disposed on the electric motor. The least one integrated sensor is configured to collect sensor data associated with a status of the electric motor for a period of time, the period of time beginning at an activation time and extending at least until an installation time. The motor controller may include an energy management system configured to power the at least one integrated sensor for at least a portion of the period of time, and a memory device configured to store the sensor data. The motor controller may include a data management system configured to communicate the sensor data from the at least one integrated sensor to at least one of the memory device and a remote device. 1. A motor controller for controlling an electric motor , said motor controller comprising:at least one integrated sensor disposed on the electric motor, said at least one integrated sensor configured to collect sensor data associated with a status of the electric motor for a period of time, the period of time beginning at an activation time and extending at least until an installation time, wherein the activation time is a time at which the energy management system is activated to power said at least one integrated sensor;an energy management system configured to power said at least one integrated sensor for at least a portion of the period of time; anda memory device configured to store the sensor data.2. (canceled)3. The motor controller of claim 21 , wherein the timestamp is relative to the activation time.45-. (canceled)6. The motor controller of claim 22 , wherein said at least one integrated sensor comprises said accelerometer claim 22 , wherein one status event includes an impact event claim 22 , and wherein the timestamp includes a time at which impact event occurred relative to the activation time.7. The motor controller of claim 6 , wherein the impact event includes an amplitude of an ...

ELECTRIC MACHINE

An electric motor has a first carrier having an array of electromagnetic elements and a second carrier having electromagnetic elements defining magnetic poles. The first and second carriers each define an axis. An airgap is formed between the first and second carriers when in an operational position. An inner thrust bearing connects the first and second carriers and is arranged to allow relative rotary motion of the carriers. An outer thrust bearing connects the first and second carriers and is arranged to allow relative rotary motion of the carriers. The electromagnetic elements of each of the first and second carriers are arranged radially inward of the outer thrust bearing and radially outward of the inner thrust bearing. The inner thrust bearing and the outer thrust bearing are arranged to maintain the airgap against a magnetic attraction of the electromagnetic elements of the first and second carriers. 1. An electric machine comprising:a stator having an array of electromagnetic elements, the stator defining a stator axis;a rotor having permanent magnetic elements defining magnetic poles, the rotor carrier defining a center rotor axis;an airgap being formed between the rotor and the stator when the stator and the rotor are in an operational position;an inner bearing connecting the rotor and the stator, the inner bearing being arranged to allow relative rotary motion of the stator and the rotor;an outer bearing connecting the rotor and the stator, the outer bearing being arranged to allow relative rotary motion of the stator and the rotor;the electromagnetic elements of the stator and the permanent magnetic elements of the rotor having a magnetic attraction between each other; andwherein the rotor further comprises a plurality of posts in which the permanent magnetic elements of the rotor are placed between the plurality of posts, and the rotor further comprising a plurality of inner flux restrictors lying radially inward from the plurality of posts and radially ...

COIL SUBSTRATE AND MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate, and coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are positioned substantially in a raw and that each coil has a center space and wirings surrounding the center space. The coils are formed such that each coil includes first wirings on a first surface of the flexible substrate, second wirings on a second surface of the flexible substrate on the opposite side with respect to the first surface, and via conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and connecting the first and second wirings, and the coils are positioned such that a m-th coil has the second wirings positioned below the center space of a (m+1)-th coil and that a (m+2)-th coil has the first coils positioned on the center space of a (m+1)-th coil, where in is an integer equal to or greater than 1. 1. A coil substrate , comprising:a flexible substrate; anda plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the coils are positioned substantially in a raw and that each of the coils has a center space and a plurality of wirings surrounding the center space,wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the coils includes a plurality of first wirings formed on a first surface of the flexible substrate, a plurality of second wirings formed on a second surface of the flexible substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface, and a plurality of via conductors penetrating through the flexible substrate and connecting the first wirings and the second wirings, and the plurality of coils is positioned such that a m-th coil has the plurality of second wirings positioned below the center space of a (m+1)-th coil and that a (m+2)-th coil has the plurality of first coils positioned on the center space of a (m+1)-th coil, where in is an integer equal to or greater than 1.2. The coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the flexible substrate has a first end and a second end on an opposite side with respect to the ...

Motor and Drive Circuit and Driving Method the Same

A motor comprising a stator and a rotor; the stator includes a first stator, a second stator, and a third stator; the stators each include at least one stator coil; the rotor includes a magnetic element, a first bearing, a second bearing, and a shaft; the stators generating a superimposed magnetic field together causes the magnetic element to rotate; when the magnetic element rotates in the first plane, the outer ring of the first bearing rotates; the center of the first bearing is located in a plane where the second bearing is located, and when the magnetic element rotates in the second plane, the inner ring of the second bearing rotates; the central axis of the shaft passes through the center of the first bearing; wherein the shaft is rotatably fixed to the first bearing and connected to the second bearing; the magnetic element located in where the central axis of the first bearing meets the central axis of the second bearing, the normal vector of the first plane is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft; the normal vector of the second plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft. 1. A motor comprising:stators including:a first stator, a second stator, and a third stator, each comprising at least one stator coil generating magnetic fields in orthogonal directions;a rotor comprising:a magnetic element which rotates in a resultant force direction under the effect of a superimposed magnetic field produced by the stators;a first bearing having an outer ring rotating synchronously when the magnetic element rotates in a first plane;a second bearing having a center located on a plane where the second bearing is located and an inner ring rotating synchronously when the magnetic element rotates in a second plane; anda shaft having a central axis penetrating through the center of the first bearing;wherein, the shaft is rotatably fixed to the first bearing and is connected with the second bearing, the magnetic element is located at an intersection of a ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MACHINE WINDING CIRCULATING CURRENT LOSSES

In some embodiments, a system includes three conductors, each conductor being on a separate layer such that the layers are parallel to one another and stacked. Each conductor has a winding portion and a terminal portion. The conductors are configured such that at least one electrical interconnect electrically couples two adjacent conductors within the winding portion but the third conductor is electrically isolated from the other two conductors within the winding portion. Within the terminal portion all three conductors are electrically coupled. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first conductor defining a first layer;a second conductor being (1) in the first layer, (2) substantially geometrically parallel to the first conductor, and (3) electrically isolated from the first conductor within a machine winding;a third conductor (1) defining a second layer substantially geometrically parallel to the first layer and (2) electrically coupled to the first conductor within the machine winding, the third conductor electrically isolated from the second conductor within the machine winding; anda terminal portion electrically coupling the first conductor, the second conductor, and the third conductor.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are electrically coupled using at least one of a plated via claim 1 , a buried via claim 1 , a staked connection claim 1 , or a deformation-based connection.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first conductor is associated with a phase of a multi-phase machine claim 1 , the second conductor is associated with the phase of the multi-phase machine claim 1 , and the third conductor is associated with the phase of the multi-phase machine.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first conductor claim 1 , the second conductor claim 1 , and the third conductor are each included in at least one of an axial flux machine claim 1 , a radial flux machine claim 1 , or a linear machine.5. The apparatus of ...

Coil substrate and motor coil substrate

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate having a first end and a second end on the opposite side with respect to the first end, and coils formed on the flexible substrate in substantially one row between the first end and the second end of the flexible substrate such that each of the coils has a center space and wirings surrounding the center space. The wirings in each of the coils include parallel wirings formed substantially parallel to a row direction extending from the first end toward the second end and perpendicular wirings formed substantially perpendicular to the row direction, and the coils are formed such that a thickness of the perpendicular wirings is greater than a thickness of the parallel wirings.

Stator, motor and pump device

A stator is provided. In this stator, a stator core comprises: an outer peripheral ring part formed in a ring shape; and multiple salient pole parts protruded from the outer peripheral ring part to an inner side in a radial direction of the stator. The outer peripheral ring part comprises outer peripheral parts in a same number as multiple salient pole parts. When an outer side face of the outer peripheral part in the radial direction is an outer peripheral face, both end side portions in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral face of one of the outer peripheral parts are respectively formed to be a curved face part in a convex curved face shape which is a circular arc shape, curvature radii of the circular arc shapes are equal to each other and their curvature centers are common when viewed in an axial direction of the stator.

STRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT IN PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD STATORS

A stator for a motor or generator including a planar composite structure (PCS) having at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive layers is provided. The stator includes first conductive elements extending radially to a distance rfrom a center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. Each first conductive element includes a preferred termination structure to connect with at least one of a plurality of second conductive elements extending radially from a radius rfrom the center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. 1. A planar composite structure (PCS) configured for use as a stator of an axial flux motor or generator , the PCS comprising:at least one dielectric layer;first elongated conductive elements arranged angularly on the at least one dielectric layer, each of the first elongated conductive elements extending radially between a first radial distance from an origin point associated with the at least dielectric layer and a second radial distance from the origin point, wherein the second radial distance is greater than the first radial distance;conductive inner end turns disposed on the at least one dielectric layer, each of the conductive inner end turns being connected between portions of at least two of the first elongated conductive elements at the first radial distance;conductive outer end turns disposed on the at least one dielectric layer, each of the conductive outer end turns being connected between portions of at least two of the first elongated conductive elements at the second radial distance; and the fourth radial distance is greater than third radial distance,', 'either (a) the fourth radial distance is less than the first radial distance, or (b) the third radial distance is greater than the second radial distance, and', 'the at least one second conductive element is thermally connected to at least a first one of the first elongated conductive elements without the at least one second conductive element also being electrically ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR SEGMENTED AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet. In addition, a stator can be coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a plurality of stator segments that are coupled together about the axis. Each stator segment can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. Each stator segment also can include only one electrical phase. The stator itself can include one or more electrical phases. 120-. (canceled)21. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet;a stator assembly coaxial with the rotor, the stator assembly comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) panel having a plurality of PCB layers, each PCB layer comprises a coil, each coil comprises only two terminals for electrical connections, one of the two terminals of each coil is coupled to another coil on a different PCB layer with a via to define a coil pair, and the coils are coupled to each other only with vias;wherein each PCB panel consists of a single electrical phase.22. The device of claim 21 , wherein the stator assembly comprises at least two electrical phases.23. The device of claim 21 , wherein the stator assembly comprises a plurality of PCB panels claim 21 , each PCB panel comprises pairs of PCB layers claim 21 , each pair of PCB layers is connected to a selected electrical phase claim 21 , and the pairs of PCB layers connected to different electrical phases are angularly phase shifted by (360 degrees)/n electrical degrees about the axis relative to each other claim 21 , where n=a number of electrical phases of the device.24. The device of claim 21 , wherein the coil pairs are connected in series to define serial groups and the serial groups are connected in parallel.25. The device of claim 21 , wherein the coil pairs are connected in parallel to define parallel groups and the parallel groups are connected in series.26. The device of claim 21 , wherein the stator ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR SEGMENTED AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet. In addition, a stator can be coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a plurality of stator segments that are coupled together about the axis. Each stator segment can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. Each stator segment also can include only one electrical phase. The stator itself can include one or more electrical phases. 130.-. (canceled)31. A system , comprising:an axial field rotary energy device having an axis, a printed circuit board (PCB) stator and rotors having respective permanent magnets (PM), and the rotors are configured to rotate about the axis relative to the PCB stator;a variable frequency drive (VFD) comprising VFD components coupled to the axial field rotary energy device;an enclosure containing the axial field rotary energy device and the VFD, such that the axial field rotary device and the VFD are integrated together within the enclosure; anda cooling system integrated within the enclosure and configured to cool the axial field rotary energy device and the VFD.32. The system of claim 31 , wherein the enclosure comprises an axial length claim 31 , a radial width relative to the axis that is greater than the axial length claim 31 , and the enclosure is polygonal in shape when viewed axially.33. The system of claim 31 , wherein claim 31 , relative to the axis claim 31 , the VFD components are mounted around and substantially co-planar with the axial field rotary energy device.34. The system of claim 31 , wherein the VFD comprises a communications circuit configured to communicate with an external device.35. The system of claim 34 , wherein the communications circuit is wireless.36. The system of claim 35 , wherein the communication circuits is configured to communicate a status of the system to the external device.37. A system claim 35 , comprising:an axial field rotary energy device having an axis, a ...

Structures and methods for controlling losses in printed circuit boards

The disclosure relates to printed circuit board motors and specifically to printed circuit boards used in motors and generators. Windings formed from copper on printed circuit boards have been used for purposes of forming antennas, inductors, transformers, and stators that can be incorporated in permanent magnet brushless DC (permanent magnet synchronous) machines. For energy conversion devices using modern permanent magnet materials and PCB stators, the magnetic field is not strongly confined by magnetically susceptible materials. Thus, the interaction between fields from adjacent turns in a winding, and/or windings on adjacent layers (for a multilayer configuration) may be significant. The structures disclosed hereinafter reduce the effective resistance in the windings, and therefore reduce the associated losses to achieve a reduced current density in portions of the rotating energy conversion devices. The effect of the disclosed structures is a measurable reduction in loss mechanisms as a function increasing frequency, compared to the currently available devices. These effects are significant in frequency ranges important to energy conversion processes as well as typical control strategies, for example, pulse-width modulation.

Personal Electromechanical Hand Driven AC to DC Generator to Charge Mobile Devices

An efficient compact form factor for the hand powered mechanically driven flywheel electric generator for charging a smartphone or other personal device, in which the electric generator including a rotor and a stator, in which said rotor includes a plurality of alternating permanent magnetic fields arranged in a circular array such that a series of poles are established about the rotors circumference. 1. An efficient compact form factor for the hand powered mechanically driven flywheel electric generator for charging a smartphone or other personal device , the electric generator including a rotor and a stator , in which said rotor includes a plurality of alternating permanent magnetic fields arranged in a circular array such that a series of poles are established about the rotors circumference.2. The device of where the cross section of said rotor forms a C-shape core claim 1 , flux lines of permanent magnets are concentrated and routed via material of high magnetic permittivity forming a “C” shape core with minimal gap maximizing the field strength across the gap.3. The device of in which said stator is composed of a plurality of conductors arranged in a pattern to convert changing magnetic fluxes due to the relative motion of said permanent magnetic fields to electric potential and current.4. The device of where the said plurality of patterned conductors are constructed on a multi-layer Printed Circuit Board (PCB) This patent application claims priority from provisional U.S. patent application No. 62/764,921, filed Aug. 16, 2018, entitled, “Personal electromechanical hand driven ac to dc generator to charge mobile devices,” and naming Mark Nuytkens as inventor, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by reference.Illustrative embodiments of the invention generally relate to generators and, more particularly, to hand powered electric generators. More specifically, illustrative embodiments of the present invention integrate the functionality ...

CORELESS ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE INCLUDING STATOR COMPRISING CYLINDRICAL COIL AND COOLING METHOD THEREFOR

The present invention relates to a high performance rotating electrical machine which aims at downsizing, and challenges inevitable technical problems such as deterioration of efficiency η caused by copper loss and temperature rise inside the rotating electrical machine due to heat generation induced by eddy current generated in a magnetic body. Such technical problem may be solved by configuring a coreless rotating electrical machine as comprising a stator having a cylindrical coil of a laminate structure consisting of two-layer or four-layer conductive metal sheets and a lid-type mount which fixes one of end faces of the cylindrical coil, and a rotor having a cup-type mount opposingly positioned with respect to the lid-type mount, with an air gap formed by a bottom, an inner cylindrical air-channel forming body and an outer cylindrical air-channel forming body, in which the cylindrical coil is arranged as suspended, and a plurality of magnets equipped on the outer cylindrical air-channel forming body and/or the inner cylindrical air-channel forming body, the cup-type mount has intake holes leading to the second air space on the bottom and a plurality of exhaust holes leading to the air gap, positioned in a row around a circumference of the outer cylindrical air-channel forming body, close to the bottom, and/or a plurality of exhaust holes leading to the air gap, consisting of arrays in a lengthwise direction of the air gap, from the open end face to the bottom with equally spaced intervals on the circumference of the outer cylindrical air-channel forming body, wherein ambient air taken into the second air space and/or ambient air taken into the outer side of the cylindrical coil, under differential pressure generated around the rotor by rotation thereof, are configured to directly cool a plurality of the magnets exposed in the air gap and both surfaces of the cylindrical coil arranged in the air gap, and to be discharged from the exhaust holes of the rotating ...

MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE AND MOTOR

A motor coil substrate includes a coil substrate that is wound in a cylindrical shape and includes a flexible substrate and coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the flexible substrate has a first end and a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end and that the coils are arrayed from the first end to the second end of the flexible substrate. The coils are formed such that each of the coils has a central space and includes wirings surrounding the central space, and the flexible substrate has openings formed such that each of the openings is penetrating through the flexible substrate and positioned in the central space of a respective one of the coils. 1. A motor coil substrate , comprising:a coil substrate configured to be wound in a cylindrical shape and comprising a flexible substrate and a plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate such that the flexible substrate has a first end and a second end on an opposite side with respect to the first end and that the plurality of coils is positioned from the first end to the second end of the flexible substrate,wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the coils has a central space and comprises a plurality of wirings surrounding the central space, and the flexible substrate has a plurality of openings formed such that each of the openings is penetrating through the flexible substrate and positioned in the central space of a respective one of the coils.212120120. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the coils includes the plurality of wirings comprising a plurality of first wirings formed substantially in parallel to each other and a plurality of second wirings formed substantially in parallel to each other and facing the plurality of second wirings via the central space and that the first wirings and the second wirings are formed substantially in parallel to each other claim 1 , the plurality of ...

STACKED BODY AND METHOD OF PRODUCING STACKED BODY

A stacked body includes a base including insulating base material layers made of thermoplastic resin and stacked, a circuit including a conductive pattern located on the insulating base material layers, and a dummy pattern electrically isolated from the circuit and extending along a portion of the circuit outside of the circuit on the insulating base material layers on which the conductive pattern is located in a plan view. The conductive pattern includes a linear portions at an outermost side of the circuit in a plan view. A bent portion or a wide portion, which has a larger width than the other linear portions in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a direction in which a linear portion extends, in a plan view, is located on at least one of the linear portion of the conductive pattern and the dummy pattern extending along the linear portion. 1. A stacked body comprising:a base including a plurality of insulating base material layers made of thermoplastic resin;a circuit including a conductive pattern located on the plurality of insulating base material layers; anda dummy pattern electrically isolated from the circuit and extending along at least a portion of the circuit outside of the circuit on the plurality of insulating base material layers on which the conductive pattern is located in a plan view; whereinthe plurality of insulating base material layers are stacked on each other;the conductive pattern includes a plurality of linear portions at an outermost side of the circuit in a plan view;the dummy pattern is located along the circuit; anda bent portion or a wide portion, which has a larger width than the other linear portions in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a direction in which a linear portion extends, in a plan view, is located on at least one of the linear portion of the conductive pattern and the dummy pattern extending along the linear portion.2. The stacked body according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor having an axis of rotation and a magnet; a stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator can have a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of PCB layers that are spaced apart in an axial direction, each PCB layer can include a coil having only two terminals for electrical connections, each coil is continuous and uninterrupted between its only two terminals, each coil consists of a single electrical phase, and one of the two terminals of each coil is electrically coupled to another coil with a via to define a coil pair; and each coil pair is electrically coupled to another coil pair with another via. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet;a stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of PCB layers that are spaced apart in an axial direction, each PCB layer comprises a coil having only two terminals for electrical connections, each coil is continuous and uninterrupted between its only two terminals, each coil consists of a single electrical phase, and one of the two terminals of each coil is electrically coupled to another coil with a via to define a coil pair; andeach coil pair is electrically coupled to another coil pair with another via.2. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each PCB layer comprises a plurality of coils claim 1 , and the coils in each coil pair are co-planar and located on a same PCB layer.3. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the coils in each coil pair are located on different PCB layers.4. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the coils are electrically coupled in series.5. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the coils are electrically coupled in parallel.6. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the coils are ...

STATOR AND ROTOR DESIGN FOR PERIODIC TORQUE REQUIREMENTS

Disclosed is a motor or generator comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor has an axis of rotation and is configured to generate first magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, the stator is configured to generate second magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation, and at least one of the rotor or the stator is configured to generate a magnetic flux profile that is non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation. Also disclosed is a method that involves arranging one or more magnetic flux producing windings of a stator non-uniformly about an axis of rotation of a rotor of an axial flux motor or generator. 1. A motor or generator , comprising:a rotor having an axis of rotation and configured to generate first magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation; anda stator configured to generate second magnetic flux parallel to the axis of rotation;wherein at least one of the rotor or the stator is configured to generate a magnetic flux profile that is non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation.2. The motor or generator of claim 1 , wherein the rotor is configured to generate a first magnetic flux profile that is non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation.3. The motor or generator of claim 2 , wherein the rotor comprises one or more magnet segments non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation.4. The motor or generator of claim 3 , wherein each of the one or more magnet segments has a respective surface location at which the first magnetic flux has a maximum density claim 3 , and the respective surface locations are non-uniformly distributed about the axis of rotation.5. The motor or generator of claim 2 , wherein the rotor is configured such that claim 2 , as the rotor rotates though a range of angles with respect to the stator at a substantially constant speed claim 2 , a periodicity of torque produced due to interaction of the first magnetic flux and the second magnetic flux is irregular.6. The motor or generator of ...

STARTER MOTOR AND GENERATOR INCLUDING STACKED PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

A device including a number of printed circuit board layers assembled in a stack that functions as a starting device for an internal combustion engine. Each of the circuit board layers includes a number of loops formed by copper traces on a dielectric substrate and each oriented in a coiled pattern. A rotor, which may take the form of a flywheel, is closely spaced from the stack of printed circuit board layers and includes a series of permanent magnets. When alternating current is supplied to the circuit board layers, the magnetic fields created by the loops induce rotation of the rotor. The device can operate in an alternator mode in which the device generates current as the rotor rotates past the loops on the circuit board during operation of the internal combustion engine. 1. An electric device for an internal combustion engine including a crankshaft , comprising:a rotor mounted to the crankshaft;a plurality of printed circuit board layers oriented in a stacked relationship with each other and closely spaced from the rotor, wherein each of the printed circuit board layers comprises a number of loops that each create a magnetic field upon application of an electrical current to the loop;a power supply selectively connectable to the circuit board layers to supply the electrical current to the loops in either a first direction or a second direction; anda control unit operable to supply the electrical current from the power supply to the plurality of printed circuit board layers in alternating first and second directions, wherein the supply of electrical current to the plurality of printed circuit board layers induces rotation of the rotor via the created magnetic fields.2. The electric device of wherein the rotor is a flywheel mounted to the crankshaft having a number of permanent magnets spaced along a flywheel body.3. The electric device of wherein the ratio of permanent magnets of the flywheel to the number of loops on each of the printed circuit boards is 4:3.4. ...

MOTOR COIL

A motor coil includes a magnet structure, and a laminated coil substrate formed on the magnet structure and including coil substrates and adhesive layers alternately laminated. The coil substrates are formed by folding a printed wiring board including a resin substrate, a first conductor layer formed on a first surface of the resin substrate and forming coils, and a second conductor layer formed on a second surface on the opposite side with respect to the first surface and forming coils, and the adhesive layers include an adhesive layer including a magnetic sheet. 1. A motor coil , comprising:a magnet structure; anda laminated coil substrate formed on the magnet structure and comprising a plurality of coil substrates and a plurality of adhesive layers alternately laminated,wherein the coil substrates is formed by folding a printed wiring board comprising a resin substrate, a first conductor layer formed on a first surface of the resin substrate and forming a plurality of coils, and a second conductor layer formed on a second surface on an opposite side with respect to the first surface and forming a plurality of coils, and the plurality of adhesive layers includes an adhesive layer comprising a magnetic sheet.2. The motor coil according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of adhesive layers is formed such that the adhesive layer comprising the magnetic sheet is positioned substantially at a center in a thickness direction of the laminated coil substrate.3. The motor coil according to claim 2 , wherein the laminated coil substrate has a lowermost surface opposing the magnet structure claim 2 , an uppermost surface on an opposite side with respect to the lowermost surface claim 2 , and a center plane positioned equidistant from the lowermost surface and the uppermost surface such that when a position in a thickness direction of the laminated coil substrate is digitized using a numerical value between 0 and 1 claim 2 , a position of the lowermost surface is represented ...

SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MODULAR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

A system for an axial field rotary energy device can include modules that each are an axial field rotary energy device. The modules can be connected together for a desired power input or output. Each module can include a housing having an axis. The housing can be mechanically coupled to at least one other module. In addition, the housing can be electrically coupled to one other module. Rotors can be rotatably mounted to the housing. Each rotor can include magnets. The housing also can have stators. Each stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having PCB layers comprising coils. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are identical to each other.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the modules differ from each other by at least one of: power output claim 1 , number of rotors claim 1 , number of magnets claim 1 , number of stators claim 1 , number of PCBs claim 1 , number of PCB layers claim 1 , number of coils or angular orientation with respect to the axis.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are directly coupled to each other.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are indirectly coupled to each other.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein each module comprises latches that mechanically secure the modules claim 1 , and the latches are symmetrically arrayed with respect to the axis.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein one of the modules comprises a first module that is axially connected to another module claim 6 , and the first module differs structurally from said another module.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the modules are coaxial and mounted to keyed shahs that mechanically couple the modules.9. The system of claim 8 , further comprising an enclosure claim 8 , and the modules are mounted and coupled together inside the enclosure.10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the enclosure comprises a plurality of enclosures claim 9 , each mechanically coupled to at least one other enclosure claim 9 , and electrically coupled to ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having an axis with an axial direction. A stator assembly can include a plurality of stator panels that are discrete panels from each other. The stators panels can be mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing. Each stator panel can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having coils that are electrically conductive, each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase. In addition, rotors can be rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly. The rotors can be mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer. Each rotor can include magnets. In addition, in one version, no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels. 120.-. (canceled)21. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having an axis with an axial direction;rotors rotatably and coaxially mounted within the housing, and each rotor comprises magnets; anda stator assembly comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) coaxially mounted between the rotors, the PCB has a plurality of coils that are electrically conductive and interconnected within the PCB, each coil comprises a conductor material, an inner diameter portion, an outer diameter portion and radial portions extending between the inner and outer diameter portions, and at least some of the coils have a higher density of conductor material adjacent the inner and outer diameter portions compared to the radial portions.22. The device of claim 21 , wherein the radial portions of the at least some of the coils are further spread apart than the inner and outer diameter portions thereof.23. The device of claim 21 , wherein the conductor material comprises copper.24. An axial field rotary energy device comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and magnets;a stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of PCB layers that are spaced apart in an axial ...

DIRECT DRIVE STACKED MOTOR ACUATOR

A motor actuator includes multiple rotors and stators arranged in an alternating configuration. Each rotor is located between two adjacent stators. Each rotor includes magnets assembled on a shaft. The stators are secured to a housing, and each stator has multiple coils embedded as traces within a printed circuit board (PCB). The motor actuator can function as a stepper motor, a continuous BLDC motor, a rotary absolute position encoder, an electricity generator, and a continuous torque meter in a single unit. A stacked configuration for the PCB motor results in a compact design, high torque output, low weight, and high efficiency. 1. A motor actuator comprising:a plurality of rotors, each rotor in said plurality of rotors including a plurality of magnets assembled on a shaft;a plurality of stators secured to a housing, each stator in said plurality of stators including a plurality of coils embedded as traces within a printed circuit board (PCB);wherein the rotors and stators are arranged in an alternating configuration with each rotor located between two adjacent stators.2. The motor actuator of claim 1 , further comprising:a positioning magnet located within the shaft; anda control circuit board including a magnetic sensor configured to measure an angular orientation of the shaft based on a magnetic field of the positioning magnet.3. The motor actuator of claim 2 , wherein the controller is configured to control power supplied to the coils of the stators in response to the measured angular orientation of the shaft.4. The motor actuator of claim 2 , wherein the positioning magnet is press fitted to the shaft.5. The motor actuator of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of non-ferrous magnet spacers arranged around the shaft claim 1 , each magnet spacer abutting one of the rotors.6. The motor actuator of claim 1 , wherein the shaft is a non-ferrous shaft.7. The motor actuator of claim 6 , wherein the shaft is a thermosetting plastic shaft.8. The motor actuator of ...

MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE

A motor coil substrate includes a flexible substrate, and multiple coils formed on the flexible substrate such that each of the coils has a spiral shape. The flexible substrate has multiple folding lines formed and the multiple coils positioned such that the flexible substrate is folded at the folding lines and wound around a magnet and that an m-th coil and an (m+1)-th coil of the coils partially overlap one another when folded at the folding lines. 1. A motor coil substrate , comprising:a flexible substrate; anda plurality of coils formed on the flexible substrate such that each of the coils has a spiral shape,wherein the flexible substrate has a plurality of folding lines formed and the plurality of coils positioned such that the flexible substrate is configured to be folded at the folding lines and wound around a magnet and that an m-th coil and an (m+1)-th coil of the plurality of coils partially overlap one another when folded at the folding lines.2. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that each of the coils has a central space and a wiring surrounding the central space.3. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the flexible substrate has the folding lines and the plurality of coils positioned such that when the flexible substrate is folded at the folding lines claim 2 , the wiring of the (m+1)-th coil is positioned to cross the central space of the m-th coil.4. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that the wiring of each of the coils is formed by a subtractive method.5. The motor coil substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the plurality of coils is formed such that the wiring of each of the coils is formed by an additive method.6. The motor coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the flexible substrate is configured to be wound in a cylindrical shape such that the flexible substrate forms a space between the magnet and the ...

AXIAL FLUX MOTOR FOR PERCUTANEOUS CIRCULATORY SUPPORT DEVICE

An axial flux motor includes a housing; a drive shaft disposed within the housing; at least one rotor; and at least one stator. The at least one rotor includes a diametrically-magnetized single pole pair magnetic ring having a rotor aperture defined through the center of the magnetic ring, where the drive shaft extends through the rotor aperture and where the at least one rotor is fixed to the drive shaft. The at least one stator includes a number of conductive windings and a stator aperture, where the drive shaft extends through the stator aperture and where the drive shaft is rotatable within the aperture. The at least one stator is configured to generate an axial magnetic field that causes the at least one rotor to rotate, thereby rotating the drive shaft. 1. An axial flux motor , comprising:a housing;a drive shaft disposed within the housing;at least one rotor, the at least one rotor comprising a diametrically-magnetized single pole pair magnetic ring having a rotor aperture defined through the center of the magnetic ring, wherein the drive shaft extends through the rotor aperture and wherein the at least one rotor is fixed to the drive shaft; andat least one stator, the at least one stator comprising a plurality of conductive windings and a stator aperture, wherein the drive shaft extends through the stator aperture and wherein the drive shaft is rotatable within the aperture, and wherein the at least one stator is configured to generate an axial magnetic field that causes the at least one rotor to rotate, thereby rotating the drive shaft.2. The motor of claim 1 , the at least one stator comprising a plurality of stators claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of stators is configured to cause at least one adjacent rotor to rotate.3. The motor of claim 1 , the at least one stator comprising a slotted stator core claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of conductive windings is wound around one or more slots of the stator core.4. The motor of claim 1 , wherein ...

SEGMENTED STATOR FOR AN AXIAL FIELD DEVICE

An axial rotary energy device including a segmented stator assembly having a plurality of segments arranged in an annular array. Each stator segment is constructed by stacking a plurality of PCB power conductor layers and a plurality of PCB series layers. Each layer having radial conductors extending from an inner via to an outer via. The vias electrically connect selected radial conductors of the series conductor layer and power conductor layer. Each power conductor layer includes a pair of positive and negative terminal vias for one phase of the electric current connected to selected outer vias. A daughter PCB layer electrically connects two adjacent segments together by having a first portion electrically connected to a negative terminal via located in one segment and a second portion electrically connected to a positive terminal via located in an adjacent segment together with a current conductor electrically connecting the two terminal vias together. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first conducting segment including a first set of conductors and a first set of terminal pairs, each conductor from the first set of conductors being associated with a different electrical phase, each conductor from the first set of conductors being electrically connected to a different terminal pair from the first set of terminal pairs, each terminal pair from the first set of terminal pairs including a positive terminal and a negative terminal;a second conducting segment configured to be physically and electrically coupled to the first conducting segment, the second conducting segment including a second set of conductors and a second set of terminal pairs, each conductor from the second set of conductors being associated with a different electrical phase, each conductor from the second set of conductors being electrically connected to a different terminal pair from the second set of terminal pairs, each terminal pair from the second set of terminal pairs including a positive ...

MOTOR, SHUTTER DEVICE, AND PHOTOGRAPHING DEVICE

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a motor applicable to a shutter device, including a printed circuit board assembly with a winding, a stator iron core, a rotor, and a magnet mounted on the rotor. The printed circuit board assembly includes a first side and a second side. The stator iron core is mounted on the first side of the printed circuit board assembly, and the winding winds around the stator iron core. The rotor and the magnet are mounted on the second side of the printed circuit board assembly and spaced apart from the winding. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the motor has a flat structure, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the shutter device. The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a shutter device, and a photographing device including the shutter device. 1. A motor for a shutter device , comprising:a printed circuit board assembly including at least one winding, a first side and a second side;at least one stator iron core mounted on the first side of the printed circuit board assembly, and wound by the at least one winding; andat least one rotor and at least one magnet mounted on the at least one rotor, wherein the at least one rotor and the at least one magnet are mounted on the second side of the printed circuit board assembly and spaced apart from the at least one winding.2. The motor according to claim 1 , whereinthe at least one winding is integrated in the printed circuit board assembly; orthe at least one winding is directly formed in the printed circuit board assembly through screening printing.3. The motor according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one stator iron core includes an iron core limb claim 2 , andthe at least one winding winds around the iron core limb and extends from the first side of the printed circuit board assembly to the second side of the printed circuit board assembly.4. The motor according to claim 3 , wherein each of the at least one stator iron core further includes a flat ...

ELECTRIC MOTOR WITH LAMINATED SHEET WINDINGS

An electric machine employs laminated sheets windings (LSWs) and permanent magnets which rotate about the LSWs. An axial embodiment uses axially magnetized magnets with LSWs laid radially in the plane of the motor. The magnets may be arranged as Halbach arrays. Magnets and LSWs are arranged concentrically with an air gap therebetween; the motor may employ “Large Air Gap Electric Ring” (LAGER) technology. The laminated sheets form a continuous stack of series-connected concentric metal layers; dielectric layers insulate each metal layer from its adjacent layers. Cuts arranged periodically around each LSW run parallel to the rotation axis and extend through all of the metal layers, with adjacent cuts originating on opposite sides of the LSW such that they form a serpentine path for current to flow as it flows around the winding. 1. An electric machine having a corresponding rotation axis , comprising:a first array of magnets which are magnetized axially; anda first set of laminated sheet windings (LSWs) which are laid radially in the plane of said machine such that said magnets produce a magnetic field in the perpendicular axis aligned with said rotation axis, said magnets and LSWs arranged concentrically with an air gap therebetween.2. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein said first array of magnets is on one side of said first set of windings claim 1 , further comprising a ferromagnetic disk on the other side of said windings.3. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein said first array of magnets is on one side of said first set of windings claim 1 , further comprising a second array of magnets on the other side of said first set of windings.4. The electric machine of claim 3 , further comprising ferromagnetic disks backing each of said first and second arrays of magnets.5. The electric machine of claim 3 , wherein said first array of magnets and said second array of magnets are each arranged as a Halbach array.6. The electric machine of claim 5 , wherein said ...

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH REDUCED COGGING TORQUE

A dynamo-electric machine includes a primary part having a plurality of teeth, grooves that are located between the teeth and a yoke that is produced from a ferromagnetic material, a secondary part that is spaced apart from the primary part via an air gap and comprises a plurality of permanent magnets that lie adjacent to one another with alternating polarity, a multi-phase tooth coil winding that is arranged in the grooves, wherein adjacent tooth coils are connected to form groups having an identical electrical phase, wherein adjacent teeth of the groups of tooth coils having an identical electrical phase are connected in a magnetically conductive manner via the yoke and the yoke is interrupted between adjacent tooth coils having a different electrical phase. 1. A dynamo-electric machine comprisinga primary part having a plurality of teeth, grooves that are located between the teeth and a yoke that is produced from a ferromagnetic material,a secondary part that is spaced apart from the primary part via an air gap and comprises a plurality of permanent magnets that lie adjacent to one another with alternating polarity,a multi-phase tooth coil winding that is arranged in the grooves, wherein adjacent tooth coils are connected to form groups having an identical electrical phase,wherein adjacent teeth of groups of tooth coils having an identical electrical phase are connected in a magnetically conductive manner via the yoke andthe yoke is interrupted between adjacent tooth coils having a different electrical phase.2. The dynamo-electric machine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the adjacent tooth coils having an identical electrical phase are connected in series and comprise an opposite winding direction.3. The dynamo-electric machine as claimed in claim 2 , wherein one group respectively comprises precisely two tooth coils that are arranged in series claim 2 , are wound in opposite directions and the same phase current flows through the tooth coils.4. The dynamo- ...

Planar Coil Linear Actuator and Transducer

A planar coil linear actuator/transducer. A stack of individually driven planar coils are used. A common core passes through the center of the stack of coils. A mobile magnet resides in the core. The coils are selectively energized in order to drive the magnet as desired. It is possible to control both frequency and amplitude by controlling the motion of the magnet. In a preferred embodiment, each planar coil is created as a copper (or other conductive material) trace on a multi-layer printed circuit board. 1. An actuator for converting electrical signals into tactile signals , comprising:(a) a magnet movable along a core axis;(b) a plurality of planar coils, each of which includes a core and a spiral planar winding lying in a plane that is perpendicular to said core axis and wound around said core;(c) wherein said plurality of planar coils are stacked together with said cores of said planar coils combining to form an open core aligned with said core axis; and(d) a control system configured to selectively energize each of said planar coils in order to produce a desired oscillating motion of said magnet.2. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of said planar coils includes a center tap that can be used to create a closed-loop control system for a motion of said magnet.3. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of said planar coils includes two separate conductors in a nested spiral claim 1 , wherein said two separate conductors are joined in series.4. The actuator as recited in claim 3 , further comprising a center tap at a point where said two separate conductors are joined claim 3 , wherein said center tap is configured for use in a closed-loop control system for a motion of said magnet.5. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , wherein said actuator is configured for use in voice communication.6. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of said planar coils is part of a printed circuit board.7. The actuator as recited in claim 6 , ...

STRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING LOSSES IN PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS

The disclosure relates to printed circuit board motors and specifically to printed circuit boards used in motors and generators. Windings formed from copper on printed circuit boards have been used for purposes of forming antennas, inductors, transformers, and stators that can be incorporated in permanent magnet brushless DC (permanent magnet synchronous) machines. For energy conversion devices using modern permanent magnet materials and PCB stators, the magnetic field is not strongly confined by magnetically susceptible materials. Thus, the interaction between fields from adjacent turns in a winding, and/or windings on adjacent layers (for a multilayer configuration) may be significant. The structures disclosed hereinafter reduce the effective resistance in the windings, and therefore reduce the associated losses to achieve a reduced current density in portions of the rotating energy conversion devices. The effect of the disclosed structures is a measurable reduction in loss mechanisms as a function increasing frequency, compared to the currently available devices. These effects are significant in frequency ranges important to energy conversion processes as well as typical control strategies, for example, pulse-width modulation. 1. A stator , comprising:a planar composite structure (PCS) comprising at least one dielectric layer and a conductive pattern on a surface of each said dielectric layer, said conductive pattern comprising;a plurality of first conductive traces, each extending radially from an inner radius to an outer radius and disposed angularly on one of the dielectric surfaces;at least one of the first conductive traces connected at its outer radius to at least one other of the first conductive traces at its outer radius by a first interconnect;wherein at least said first interconnect is bounded by an inner edge and an outer edge, and has a starting region, a transition region, an ending region, and the starting region having a first radiused inner edge ...

STRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT IN PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD STATORS

A stator for a motor or generator including a planar composite structure (PCS) having at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive layers is provided. The stator includes first conductive elements extending radially to a distance rfrom a center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. Each first conductive element includes a preferred termination structure to connect with at least one of a plurality of second conductive elements extending radially from a radius rfrom the center of, and disposed angularly on, the PCS. 1. A component for use in a motor or generator , comprising:a planar composite structure (PCS) comprising at least one dielectric layer and a plurality of conductive layers;a plurality of first conductive elements disposed on the conductive layers of the PCS and interconnected to form windings that link flux and carry current in an active area of the component, wherein, on at least one conductive layer of the PCS, the windings are disposed within one or more winding regions each having a periphery defined by an outermost winding on the at least one conductive layer; andat least one second conductive element disposed on the at least one conductive layer of the PCS outside each of the one or more winding areas on the at least one conductive layer, the at least one second conductive element having a beginning point thermally connected to at least one of the windings and an ending point to which heat from the at least one of the windings can be communicated so as to conduct heat away from the active area of the component;wherein the at least one second conductive element is configured and arranged on the PCS so that a current density integrated over a cross-section of the at least one second conductive element between the beginning point and the ending point would be zero if the windings were excited with a direct current.2. The stator of claim 4 , wherein r Подробнее

MIRROR DRIVING DEVICE

A mirror drive device is provided whereby conduction faults due to short-circuiting can be eliminated. 17-. (canceled)8. An apparatus comprising:a support member;a movable member rotatably coupled to the support member, the movable member comprising a groove and a mirrored surface;a magnet to form a magnetic field at least partially around the movable member;a drive coil disposed at least partially in the groove; anda cover layer disposed substantially over the drive coil to suppress diffusion of the drive coil.9. The apparatus of claim 8 , the movable member comprising a substrate claim 8 , wherein the groove is formed in a main face of the substrate.10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the groove extends in a spiral on the main face.11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the drive coil is disposed in the spiral groove.12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the drive coil comprises a first metallic material and the cover layer comprises a second metallic material different than the first metallic material.13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first metallic material comprises Cu or Au.14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the second metallic material comprises Al or an Al alloy.15. A MEMS mirror device comprising:a movable member comprising a groove and a mirrored surface;a magnet to form a magnetic field at least partially around the movable member;a drive coil disposed at least partially in the groove; anda cover layer disposed substantially over the drive coil to suppress diffusion of the drive coil.16. The MEMS mirror device of claim 15 , comprising a first insulating layer disposed on the cover layer.17. The MEMS mirror device of claim 16 , comprising an external-connection conductor electrically connected to a terminal of the drive coil.18. The MEMS mirror device of claim 17 , wherein the external-connection conductor three-dimensionally intersects the drive coil through the first insulating layer.19. The MEMS mirror device of claim 15 , the ...

Motor Winding Assembly

The present invention provides a motor winding assembly including a flexible base plate and a winding assembly. The flexible base plate includes a plurality of supports. A bridge is connected between adjacent two of the plurality of supports. Each of the plurality of supports has a center, and the flexible base plate has a reference line extending through the centers of the plurality of supports. The bridge is not located on the reference line. The winding assembly includes a plurality of winding units. Each of the plurality of supports is provided with at least one winding unit. An electrical path is located on the bridge between the adjacent two of the plurality of supports and electrically connected to the winding units of the adjacent two of the plurality of supports. In this arrangement, the total length of the flexible base plate is reduced. 1. A motor winding assembly comprising:a flexible base plate comprising a plurality of supports, wherein a bridge is connected between adjacent two of the plurality of supports, wherein each of the plurality of supports has a center, wherein the flexible base plate has a reference line extending through the centers of the plurality of supports, and wherein the bridge is not located on the reference line; anda winding assembly comprising a plurality of winding units, wherein each of the plurality of supports is provided with at least one of the plurality of winding units of the winding assembly, wherein an electrical path is located on the bridge between the adjacent two of the plurality of supports and electrically connected to the winding units of the adjacent two of the plurality of supports.2. The motor winding assembly as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the electrical path is electrically connected with an auxiliary electrical path in parallel.3. The motor winding assembly as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of supports has an assembly hole at the center thereof.4. The motor winding assembly as claimed ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having an axis with an axial direction. A stator assembly can include a plurality of stator panels that are discrete panels from each other. The stators panels can be mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing. Each stator panel can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having coils that are electrically conductive, each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase. In addition, rotors can be rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly. The rotors can be mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer. Each rotor can include magnets. In addition, in one version, no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having an axis with an axial direction;a stator assembly comprising a plurality of stator panels that are axially-stacked and discrete panels from each other, the stators panels are mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing, each stator panel comprises a respective printed circuit board (PCB) having a respective plurality of coils that are electrically conductive and interconnected within the respective PCB, wherein the respective PCB is configured so that an electrical current that flows through any one of the respective plurality of coils likewise flows through all of the respective plurality of coils, such that each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase; androtors rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly, the rotors are mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer, each rotor comprises magnets, and no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stator panels are coupled in a substantially axially abutting relationship.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stator panels are mechanically coupled directly to each other in an ...

Devices and Methods for Driving a Rotary Platform

One example device includes a rotor platform that rotates about an axis of rotation. The device also includes a ring magnet mounted to the rotor platform to provide a rotor-platform magnetic field. The device also includes a stator platform that includes a planar mounting surface. The device also includes a plurality of conductive structures disposed along the planar mounting surface. The conductive structures remain within a predetermined distance to the ring magnet in response to rotation of the rotor platform about the axis of rotation. The conductive structures are electrically coupled to define an electrically conductive path that at least partially overlaps the ring magnet. The device also includes circuitry that causes an electrical current to flow through the conductive path. The electrical current generates a stator-platform magnetic field that interacts with the rotor-platform magnetic field such that the rotor platform rotates about the axis of rotation. 113-. (canceled)14. A method for rotating a first platform of a device relative to a second platform of the device and about an axis of rotation of the first platform , wherein the first platform remains within a predetermined distance to the second platform in response to rotation of the first platform about the axis of rotation , the method comprising:causing an electrical current to flow through an electrically conductive path included in the second platform and extending around the axis of rotation of the first platform, wherein the electrically conductive path is defined by a plurality of conductive structures in a substantially coplanar arrangement, wherein the electrical current generates a second-platform magnetic field that interacts with a first-platform magnetic field such that the first platform rotates about the axis of rotation; andmodulating the electrical current to adjust an orientation of the first platform about the axis of rotation to achieve a target orientation.15. The method of ...

LAMINATED COIL SUBSTRATE

A laminated coil substrate includes a printed wiring board including a resin substrate, a first conductor layer on first surface of the substrate and including coils, and a second conductor layer formed on second surface of the substrate on the opposite side and including coils. The printed wiring board includes first, second and third coil substrates that are folded such that the second surface of the substrate in the first and second coil substrates oppose each other and that the first surface of the substrate in the second and third coil substrates oppose each other, the second conductor layer of the printed wiring board includes connection wire on the second surface of the substrate and connecting the first and second coil substrates, and the first conductor layer of the printed wiring board includes connection wire on the first surface of the substrate and connecting the second and third coil substrates. 1. A laminated coil substrate , comprising:a printed wiring board comprising a resin substrate, a first conductor layer formed on a first surface of the resin substrate and comprising a plurality of coils, and a second conductor layer formed on a second surface of the resin substrate on an opposite side with respect to the first surface and comprising a plurality of coils,wherein the printed wiring board includes a first coil substrate, a second coil substrate and a third coil substrate that are folded such that the second surface of the resin substrate in the first coil substrate and the second surface of the resin substrate in the second coil substrate oppose each other and that the first surface of the resin substrate in the second coil substrate and the first surface of the resin substrate in the third coil substrate oppose each other, the second conductor layer of the printed wiring board includes a connection wire formed on the second surface of the resin substrate and connecting the first coil substrate and the second coil substrate, and the first ...

AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE WITH SEGMENTED PCB STATOR HAVING THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE LAYER

An axial field rotary energy device has a PCB stator panel assembly between rotors with an axis of rotation. Each rotor has a magnet. The PCB stator panel assembly includes PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each layer can have conductive coils. The PCB stator panel assembly can have a thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion thereof. Each PCB panel comprises discrete, PCB radial segments that are mechanically and electrically coupled together to form the respective PCB panels. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:rotors having an axis of rotation, and each rotor comprises a magnet;a stator assembly located axially between the rotors, the stator assembly comprises a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) panels, each PCB panel comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprises a plurality of coils, and at least one outer portion of the stator assembly comprises an external thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion of the stator assembly; andeach PCB panel comprises discrete, PCB radial segments that are mechanically and electrically coupled together to form the respective PCB panels.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein both major outer sides of the stator assembly comprise respective external thermally conductive layers that are thermally coupled to each other.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the external thermally conductive layers are thermally coupled with a plurality of vias.4. The device of claim 2 , wherein at least one surface of each external thermally conductive layer comprises a treatment to increase emissivity thereof.5. The device of claim 3 , wherein the vias are located adjacent the inner and outer diameter portions.6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising heat sinks comprising thermally conductive material coupled adjacent at least one of the inner and outer diameter portions.7. The device of claim ...

Axial field rotary energy device with pcb stator having interleaved pcbs

An axial field rotary energy device with a PCB stator having interleaved PCBs is disclosed. The device can include rotors that have magnets and an axis of rotation. A stator assembly can be located axially between the rotors to operate electrical phases. The stator assembly can include PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each PCB panel can be designated to one of the electrical phases. Each electrical phase of the stator assembly can be provided by a plurality of the PCB panels. In addition, the PCB panels for each electrical phase can be axially spaced apart from and intermingled with each other.

Axial field rotary energy device having pcb stator with non-linear traces

An axial field rotary energy device can include rotors having magnets and an axis of rotation. A stator assembly can be located axially between the rotors. The stator assembly can include PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers. Each layer can include coils. Each coil can have radial traces relative to the axis. The radial traces can include non-linear radial traces coupled by arch traces that are transverse to the non-linear radial traces.

AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE WITH PCB STATOR PANEL HAVING THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE LAYER

An axial field rotary energy device has a PCB stator panel assembly between rotors with an axis of rotation. Each rotor has a magnet. The PCB stator panel assembly includes PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each layer can have conductive coils. The PCB stator panel assembly can have a thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion thereof. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:rotors having an axis of rotation, and each rotor comprises a magnet; anda stator assembly located axially between the rotors, the stator assembly comprises a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) panels, each PCB panel comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprises a plurality of coils, and at least one outer portion of the stator assembly comprises an external thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion of the stator assembly.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein both major outer sides of the stator assembly comprise respective external thermally conductive layers that are thermally coupled to each other.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the external thermally conductive layers are thermally coupled with a plurality of vias.4. The device of claim 2 , wherein at least one surface of each external thermally conductive layer comprises a treatment to increase emissivity thereof.5. The device of claim 3 , wherein the vias are located adjacent the inner and outer diameter portions.6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising heat sinks comprising thermally conductive material coupled adjacent at least one of the inner and outer diameter portions.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein each heat sink comprises discrete heat sink segments.8. The device of claim 6 , wherein each heat sink comprises fingers that extend from a plane of the heat sink.9. The device of claim 8 , wherein some of the fingers are oriented at a first angle and other ones of the fingers ...

AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE WITH PCB STATOR PANEL HAVING THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE LAYER

An axial field rotary energy device has a PCB stator panel assembly between rotors with an axis of rotation. Each rotor has a magnet. The PCB stator panel assembly includes PCB panels. Each PCB panel can have layers, and each layer can have conductive coils. The PCB stator panel assembly can have a thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion thereof. 133-. (canceled)34. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:rotors having an axis of rotation, and each rotor comprises a magnet;a stator assembly located axially between the rotors, the stator assembly comprises a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) panels, each PCB panel comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprises a plurality of coils, and at least one portion of the stator assembly comprises an external thermally conductive layer that extends from an inner diameter portion to an outer diameter portion of the stator assembly; anda housing encloses the rotors and stator assembly, and the housing is mechanically coupled to the stator assembly.35. The device of claim 34 , wherein claim 34 , relative to the axis claim 34 , a radial gap is located between an interior of the housing and an exterior of the stator assembly claim 34 , and the radial gap allows for thermal expansion of the stator assembly.36. The device of claim 35 , wherein the stator assembly has an outer edge with at least one mounting hole adjacent the outer edge claim 35 , and each mounting hole is coupled to a respective alignment pin that is mounted to an axial section of the housing.37. The device of claim 36 , wherein the mounting holes in the stator assembly are oblong in shape and extend radially relatively to the axis of rotation claim 36 , and the alignment pins have a sliding fit with the respective mounting holes.38. The device of claim 37 , wherein the stator assembly has a total of at least three of the mounting holes coupled to respective mounting pins claim 37 , ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR SEGMENTING A MACHINE

In some embodiments, a system includes a machine segment that includes multiple coils. Each coil is electrically isolated from the other coils in the machine segment, and each coil is electrically coupled to at least one electrical terminal to provide electrical access to the coil. Each electrical terminal provides electrical access to the coil to which it is electrically coupled such that the coil can be removably electrically coupled to an electrical circuit. The machine segment is also configured to be removably mechanically coupled to a second machine segment to form at least a portion of a stator or a portion of a rotor. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first machine segment having a first plurality of terminals, each terminal from the first plurality of terminals configured to electrically removably couple a different coil from a first plurality of coils to a first electrical circuit, the first electrical circuit being external to the first machine segment, each coil from the first plurality of coils being electrically isolated from the remaining coils from the first plurality of coils within the first machine segment; anda second machine segment having a second plurality of terminals, each terminal from the second plurality of terminals configured to electrically removably couple a different coil from a second plurality of coils to a second electrical circuit, the second electrical circuit being external to the second machine segment, each coil from the second plurality of coils being electrically isolated from the remaining coils from the second plurality of coils within the second machine segment,the second machine segment configured to be mechanically removably coupled to the first machine segment to collectively define at least a portion of at least one of a stator or a rotor, the second plurality of coils being electrically isolated from the first plurality of coils within the at least one of the stator or the rotor when at least one of the first plurality ...

Printed circuit board based exciter

In one embodiment, a generator includes a rotor configured to rotate in cooperation with a stator to generate electrical power. An exciter of the generator includes at least one circuit board, a stationary exciter stator, and a control circuit. The circuit board is mechanically coupled to a rotor of the generator and includes at least one coil of an electrical conductor. The stationary exciter stator is configured to induce a current in the at least one coil of the at least one circuit board. The control circuit is configured to modify the current from the at least one coil and provide the modified current to a field of the generator.

WINDSCREEN WIPER DRIVE OF A WINDSCREEN WIPER DEVICE OF A RAIL VEHICLE

Disclosed embodiments relate to a windscreen wiper drive of a windscreen wiper device of a rail vehicle. The drive includes at least one electric motor, a gear, the input shaft of which being connected to an output shaft of the electric motor, wherein an output shaft of the gear is provided for driving at least one windscreen wiper arm of a windscreen wiper, which arm swings back and forth with the output shaft, a rotation angle sensor unit, which detects a rotation of at least one element of the windscreen wiper drive, and a mechanical rotation angle limitation, which mechanically limits a rotational movement of at least one element of the windscreen wiper drive. The electric motor is formed by a disc motor and the gear is formed by a planetary gear. 1. A windshield wiper drive of a windshield wiper apparatus of a rail vehicle , the drive comprising:at least one electric motor;a gearing, an input shaft of which being connected to an output shaft of the electric motor, wherein an output shaft of the gearing is provided for driving at least one windshield wiper arm, which pivots back and forth with the output shaft, of a windshield wiper;a rotational angle sensor device which detects a rotation of at least one element of the windshield wiper drive; anda mechanical rotational angle delimiter which mechanically limits a rotational movement of at least one element of the windshield wiper drive, whereinthe electric motor is formed by a disk motor, and the gearing is formed by a planetary gearing.2. The windshield wiper drive of claim 1 , wherein the disk motor has an ironless claim 1 , disk-shaped rotor claim 1 , which is composed of an insulating material and claim 1 , on one or both sides of which there are arranged conductor tracks claim 1 , at least one motor cover claim 1 , which forms a stator and on which there are arranged permanent magnets which are situated opposite the conductor tracks claim 1 , and a commutator.3. The windshield wiper drive of claim 2 , ...

CORELESS COIL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CORELESS COIL

The present invention is a coreless coil characterized in that a plurality of α-winding coils are formed by a first coil layer and a second coil layer that has a same shape and a same width as the first coil, each coil layer having a center opening, being laminated together. Each outer peripheral portion in a connection direction of the plurality of α-winding coils has a connection stepped portion that is point-symmetric in relation to a center axis line of a Z-axis (the Z-axis being an axis that, in relation to an X-axis that is a center of both connected end portions of the α-winding coil and passes through a lamination boundary line of the first coil layer and the second coil layer, is a center of both unconnected end portions of the α-winding coil and passes through the lamination boundary surface such as to be orthogonal to the X-axis) of the respective center opening. The plurality of α-winding coils are connected in an annular shape in a state in which the connection stepped portions overlap each other and are attached to each other. An object of the present invention is to improve the bonding force of the plurality of α-winding coils. 1. A coreless coil characterized in that:a plurality of α-winding coils are formed by a first coil layer and a second coil layer that has a same shape and a same width as the first coil, each coil layer having a center opening, being laminated together;each outer peripheral portion in a connection direction of the plurality of α-winding coils has a connection stepped portion that is point-symmetric in relation to a center axis line of a Z-axis (the Z-axis being an axis that, in relation to an X-axis that is a center of both connected end portions of the α-winding coil and passes through a lamination boundary line of the first coil layer and the second coil layer, is a center of both unconnected end portions of the α-winding coil and passes through the lamination boundary surface such as to be orthogonal to the X-axis) of the ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND MOTOR INCLUDING THE SAME

A printed circuit board includes a substrate and an inductor, a first through hole defined in the substrate, the inductor including a magnetic core with a middle leg, the middle leg passes through the first through hole, and a conductive trace on at least one conductive layer of the printed circuit board spirally surrounds the first through hole to form conductive coil of the inductor. The present disclosure also provides a motor including a stator, a rotor, and the above described printed circuit board. The inductor is integrated with the printed circuit board, which reduces the size of the board and the motor and reduces material cost and power consumption. 1. A printed circuit board comprising a substrate and an inductor , a first through hole defined in the substrate , the inductor comprising a magnetic core with a middle leg , wherein the middle leg passes through the first through hole , and a conductive trace on at least one conductive layer of the printed circuit board spirally surrounds the first through hole to form conductive coil of the inductor.2. The printed circuit board according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic core comprises an upper magnetic core claim 1 , the upper magnetic core comprises a bottom plate and two side legs perpendicular to the bottom plate claim 1 , the two side legs are disposed on opposite ends of the bottom plate claim 1 , and the middle leg is disposed at a middle portion of the bottom plate.3. The printed circuit board according to claim 2 , wherein a side wall of the side leg facing the middle leg has an arcuate recess.4. The printed circuit board according to claim 2 , wherein the upper magnetic core is E-shaped.5. The printed circuit board according to claim 2 , wherein two second through holes for the two side legs passing through are defined in the substrate.6. The printed circuit board according to claim 5 , wherein the magnetic core further comprises a lower magnetic core disposed opposite the upper magnetic core claim ...

PLANAR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES AND ASSEMBLIES FOR AXIAL FLUX MOTORS AND GENERATORS

A planar composite structure (PCS) for use in an axial flux motor or generator may include a conductive layer disposed on a dielectric layer, with the conductive layer comprising conductive traces that form portions of at least two windings that, when energized, generate magnetic flux for at least two corresponding phases of the motor or generator. A PCS may additionally or alternatively include a first conductive layer comprising first conductive traces that form a first portion of a winding that, when energized, generates magnetic flux for a first phase of the motor or generator, and a second conductive layer, which is different than the at least one first conductive layer, comprising second conductive traces that form a second portion of the winding. The first portion of the winding may be connected in series with the second portion of the winding, and the first and second portions of the winding may be configured and arranged such that a same amount of current flows through each of the first and second portions of the winding. 1. A planar composite structure (PCS) for use in an axial flux motor or generator , comprising:a dielectric layer; and a first portion of a first winding that, when energized, generates magnetic flux for a first phase of the motor or generator, and', 'a first portion of a second winding that, when energized, generates magnetic flux for a second phase of the motor or generator., 'a first conductive layer disposed on the dielectric layer, the first conductive layer comprising first conductive traces that form2. The PCS of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive traces comprise:first radial conductors, each of the first radial conductors extending radially at least between a first radial distance and a second radial distance that is greater than the first radial distance; andfirst conductive end turns, each of the first conductive end turns interconnecting a respective pair of the first radial conductors.3. The PCS of claim 2 , wherein:the ...

SLIM-TYPE STATOR, AND SINGLE PHASE MOTOR AND COOLING FAN USING SAME

Provided are a slim-type stator using a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) capable of maximally generating torque in an opposite rotor and capable of increasing airflow, and a single-phase motor and a cooling fan using the same. The slim-type stator includes: a multilayer PCB; and a plurality of coil patterns formed on respective PCB layers of the multilayer PCB and connected via throughholes, wherein the multilayer PCB includes at least one protrusion corresponding to the plurality of coil patterns, and at least one recess disposed between the plurality of coil patterns. 1. A slim-type stator comprising:a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB); anda plurality of coil patterns formed on respective PCB layers of the multilayer PCB and connected via throughholes,wherein the multilayer PCB comprises at least one protrusion corresponding to the plurality of coil patterns, and at least one recess disposed between the plurality of coil patterns.2. The slim-type stator of claim 1 , further comprising a Hall sensor disposed on the multilayer PCB for detecting a rotor rotation position claim 1 ,wherein the Hall sensor is positioned and set at a position shifted from a magnetic pole interface of a rotor positioned by a dead point prevention yoke when the rotor is in an initial state.3. The slim-type stator of claim 1 , wherein the Hall sensor is disposed at a position deviated by a ¼ magnetic pole width from an interface of the magnetic poles or a center of the magnetic poles.4. The slim-type stator of claim 2 , wherein the dead point prevention yoke uses bridges of (the number of magnetic poles)/N where N is a divisor of the number of magnetic poles so as to form a wind inlet in a case where the stator is installed in a single-phase motor.5. The slim-type stator of claim 2 , wherein the dead point prevention yoke is stacked on a lower portion of the stator claim 2 , and has an outer periphery of a polygonal shape of (the number of magnetic poles)/N where N is a divisor ...

Compact Electrical Device and Electrodynamic Loudspeaker, Electric Motor, Stirring Device and Adjustable Clutch Based Thereon

An electrical device comprises a stack of electric elements, each comprising: an electrically insulating substrate, for instance of plastic, and at least one electrically conductive track connected to said substrate; the end zones of each of which tracks have terminals either for connection to a source of electrical energy, whereby electric current is conducted through each track during operation, or connection to a device for taking off electric current generated by magnetic induction in the track; which electric elements are connected mechanically to each other such that the device is unitary. 1. Electrical device comprising a stack of electric elements , each comprising:an electrically insulating substrate, for instance of plastic, and at least one electrically conductive track connected to said substrate;the end zones of each of which tracks have terminals either for connection to a source of electrical energy, whereby electric current is conducted through each track during operation, or connection to a device for taking off electric current generated by magnetic induction in the track;which electric elements are connected mechanically to each other such that the device is unitary.2. Device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the substrates have a thickness of a maximum of 0.2 mm claim 1 , preferably a maximum of 0.1 mm.3. Device as claimed in either of the - claim 1 , wherein the tracks are flat.4. Device as claimed in either of the - claim 1 , wherein the tracks are embodied as wires.5. Device as claimed in either of the - claim 1 , wherein the tracks are placed embedded or recessed into the substrates.6. Device as claimed in any of the - claim 1 , wherein the substrates consist of a thermoplastic.7. Device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the thermoplastic is polyetherimide.8. Device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the substrates consist of a thermosetting plastic.9. Device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the thermosetting plastic is polyimide.10. Device as ...

WINDING FOR A ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING SUCH A WINDING

The invention provides a winding () for a rotating electrical machine () comprising a flexible PCB () having a plurality of conductors () on a first surface and a plurality of conductors () on a second surface, said conductors having a shape optimizing the performance of the machine, and a method for designing such a winding. 115-. (canceled)16. A winding for a rotating electrical machine , said machine comprising an inductor , an iron core , and an air gap in between , said winding comprising a flexible PCB having a plurality of conductors on a first surface and a plurality of conductors on a second surface of a substrate , said conductors being tracks printed on said PCB , a conductor of the first surface being connected through a via to a conductor of the second surface so as to form a turn , said PCB having an height and a length , such that when rolled up one or more times , in one or more layers , along the length , it is adapted for inserting into said air gap in an axial direction , wherein a conductor has a shape extending from a bottom height of said flexible PCB to a top height of said PCB in an axial direction , along a continuous curve or a number n of rectilinear segments , n being larger than 3.17. The winding according to wherein said conductor has a variable width such that the gap between a conductor and a neighbouring conductor is equal to a predetermined constant along the length of said conductor.18. The winding according to wherein said conductor extends along a number n of rectilinear segments claim 16 , n being larger than 6 and smaller than or equal to 100.19. The winding according to any claim 16 , wherein said conductors have a line symmetric shape claim 16 , the symmetry axis being a line along the length of the PCB claim 16 , at mid-height of the PCB.20. The winding according to claim 19 , wherein a plurality of turns are connected in series so as to form a coil.21. The winding according to claim 20 , wherein a conductor on the first ...

Planar Coil Linear Actuator and Transducer

A planar coil linear actuator/transducer. A stack of individually driven planar coils are used. A common core passes through the center of the stack of coils. A mobile magnet resides in the core. The coils are selectively energized in order to drive the magnet as desired. It is possible to control both frequency and amplitude by controlling the motion of the magnet. In a preferred embodiment, each planar coil is created as a copper (or other conductive material) trace on a multi-layer printed circuit board. 1. An actuator for converting electrical signals into tactile signals , comprising:(a) a magnet movable along a core axis;(b) a plurality of planar coils, each of which includes a core and a spiral planar winding lying in a plane that is perpendicular to said core and wound around said core;(c) wherein said plurality of planar coils are stacked together with said cores of said planar coils combining to form an open core aligned with said core axis, said open core having a first end and a second end;(d) wherein each of said planar coils has a center tap;(e) said magnet being free to move within said core with no passive biasing device affecting a position of said magnet within said bore;(f) a control system providing a voltage for each of said planar coils, said control system being configured to switch off each of said planar coils and use said center tap for each of said planar coils to determine a current position of said magnet, thereby providing closed-loop control; and(g) said control system configured to selectively energize each of said planar coils in order to produce a desired oscillating motion of said magnet.2. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:(a) a first cage device closing said first end of said open core;(b) a second cage device closing said second end of said open; and(c) wherein said first and second cage devise trap said magnet within said open core.3. The actuator as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of said planar coils ...

ELECTRIC MACHINE

An electric machine comprising a first carrier having an array of electromagnetic elements and a second carrier having electromagnetic elements defining magnetic poles, the second carrier being arranged to move relative to the first carrier. An airgap is provided between the first carrier and the second carrier. The electromagnetic elements of the first carrier include posts, with slots between the posts, one or more electric conductors in each slot, the posts of the first carrier having a post height in mm. The first carrier and the second carrier together define a size of the electric machine. The magnetic poles having a pole pitch in mm. The size of the motor, pole pitch and post height are selected to fall within a region in a space defined by size, pole pitch and post height that provides a benefit in terms of force or torque per weight per excitation level. 1. A radial flux electric machine , comprising:a first carrier having an array of electromagnetic elements;a second carrier comprising electromagnetic elements, the second carrier being arranged to move relative to the first carrier and having an outer edge;an airgap between the first carrier and the second carrier, the machine having an airgap diameter; wherein the size of the electric machine is the airgap diameter;the electromagnetic elements of the first carrier including posts, with slots between the posts, the slots having one or more electric conductors in each slot;the second carrier comprising a rigid element and posts, with slots between the posts, the slots having at least one permanent magnet in each slot and wherein the posts comprise extensions of the rigid element; andwherein the posts of the second carrier comprise a relief at the outer edge to retain the permanent magnets.2. The electric machine of claim 1 , in which the electric conductors comprise either a concentrated winding claim 1 , or a distributed winding.3. The electric machine of claim 1 , in which the first carrier comprises a ...

COIL SUBSTRATE, LAMINATED COIL SUBSTRATE, MOTOR COIL SUBSTRATE, AND MOTOR

A coil substrate includes a flexible substrate, and a coil including a wiring and formed on the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate has a cut penetrating through the flexible substrate such that the cut is formed to extend along a portion of the coil. 1. A coil substrate , comprising:a flexible substrate; anda coil comprising a wiring and formed on the flexible substrate,wherein the flexible substrate has a cut penetrating through the flexible substrate such that the cut is formed to extend along a portion of the coil.2. The coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the coil has a first portion on a first end of the coil and a second portion on a second end of the coil on an opposite side with respect to the first end such that the cut is formed to extend along the first portion of the coil.3. The coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the flexible substrate is formed such that the cut is formed to surround the coil without entirely surrounding the coil.4. The coil substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the coil is formed in a plurality such that the plurality of coils is arrayed on the flexible substrate in a row.5. The coil substrate according to claim 4 , wherein the plurality of coils is configured to flow current through the plurality of coils in a same direction.6. A laminated coil substrate claim 4 , comprising:a flexible substrate; anda coil comprising a wiring and formed on the flexible substrate,wherein the flexible substrate has a plurality of folding lines formed parallel with respect to each other and a cut penetrating through the flexible substrate and formed to extend along a portion of the coil such that the flexible substrate is folded at the folding lines and that the cut of the flexible substrate is formed not to fold the coil.7. The laminated coil substrate according to claim 6 , wherein the coil is formed in a plurality such that the plurality of coils is arrayed on the flexible substrate in a row.8. The laminated coil ...

Structures and methods of manufacture of serpentine stator coils

Methods of winding a serpentine pattern of a stator coil and structures made from the methods. In one embodiment, a method forms a serpentine winding from a bundle of wires with a first end and a second end, then joins a first group of in-hand conductors of the second end to a second group of in-hand conductors of the first end, the result of which electrically connects a first turn to a second turn. The successive turns of the coil are connected in the same manner. In one embodiment, a method forms a multiple phase serpentine winding, such as three-phases, with coplanar radial conductors. In one embodiment, a method includes a method of forming a serpentine winding on one or more layers of a printed circuit board (PCB). In one embodiment, a method uses plated slots adjacent one or more radial torque inducing conductors to electrically connect the radial conductors of one layer to one or more corresponding radially torque inducing conductor(s) on at least one other layer. In one embodiment, a method removes the electrically conductive material on at least one end of the plated slot in order to reduce looping electrical currents. In one embodiment, a method removes the electrically conductive material from each end of a plated slot so that a pair of radially torque inducing conductors are electrically connected in series.

ALTERNATOR WITH INTEGRATED ENGINE CONTROLLER

An engine control system includes an engine, crankshaft, and a flywheel. The flywheel is coupled to the crankshaft of the engine and includes a number of magnets arranged axially along a first side. The system further includes a printed circuit board including a number of coils integrated into the circuit board. The printed circuit board is positioned such that a first face of the printed circuit board is positioned parallel to the first side of the flywheel. Power is generated by the flywheel rotating and causing the magnetic fields associated with the magnets to induce a current though the coils integrated into the printed circuit board. 1. An engine control system , comprising:an engine including a crankshaft;a flywheel coupled to the crankshaft of the engine, and comprising a plurality of magnets arranged along a first side of the flywheel;a printed circuit board, comprising a plurality of coils integrated into the printed circuit board;wherein the printed circuit board is positioned such that a first face of the printed circuit board is positioned parallel to the first side of the flywheel; andwherein power is generated by the flywheel rotating causing the magnetic fields associated with the plurality of magnets to induce a current through the plurality of coils.2. The engine control system of claim 1 , wherein the printed circuit board further comprises an engine control circuit claim 1 , wherein the engine control circuit is configured to regulate the induced current.3. The engine control system of claim 2 , wherein the engine control circuit is mounted to a control portion of the PCB.4. The engine control system of claim 1 , wherein the engine control circuit comprises at least one of an electronic governor control circuit claim 1 , a voltage regulation circuit claim 1 , an alternator control circuit claim 1 , an electronic braking control circuit claim 1 , an electronic ignition control circuit claim 1 , an electronic starter control circuit claim 1 , a ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING MACHINE WINDING CIRCULATING CURRENT LOSSES

In some embodiments, a system includes three conductors, each conductor being on a separate layer such that the layers are parallel to one another and stacked. Each conductor has a winding portion and a terminal portion. The conductors are configured such that at least one electrical interconnect electrically couples two adjacent conductors within the winding portion but the third conductor is electrically isolated from the other two conductors within the winding portion. Within the terminal portion all three conductors are electrically coupled. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first conductor within a laminated composite assembly, the first conductor (1) having a winding portion within a winding region of the laminated composite assembly and a terminal portion within a terminal region of the laminated composite assembly and (2) defining a first layer;a second conductor within the laminated composite assembly, the second conductor (1) having a winding portion within the winding region and a terminal portion within the terminal region and (2) defining a second layer substantially geometrically parallel to the first layer, the winding region including at least one electrical interconnect electrically coupling the winding portion of the first conductor with the winding portion of the second conductor; anda third conductor within the laminated composite assembly, the third conductor (1) having a winding portion within the winding region and a terminal portion within the terminal region and (2) defining a third layer substantially geometrically parallel to the first layer and the second layer, the winding region not including an electrical interconnect between the winding portion of the third conductor and the winding portion of the first conductor, the winding region not including an electrical interconnect between the winding portion of the third conductor and the winding portion of the second conductor, the terminal region including at least one electrical interconnect ...

STACKED BODY AND METHOD OF PRODUCING STACKED BODY

A stacked body includes a base including a plurality of insulating base material layers, a coil including a winding-shaped conductive pattern located on at least one of the plurality of the insulating base material layers, and an electrically isolated dummy pattern extending along at least a portion of the coil outside of the coil on at least one of the plurality of the insulating base material layers in a plan view, wherein the stacked body includes a step at which a thickness of the stacked body is different in a stacking direction, and the dummy pattern is located between the coil and the step at a portion defining the step where the thickness of the stacked body is larger. 1. A stacked body comprising:a base including a plurality of the insulating base material layers;a coil including a winding-shaped conductive pattern located on at least one of the plurality of the insulating base material layers; andan electrically isolated dummy pattern extending along at least a portion of the coil outside of the coil on at least one of the plurality of the insulating base material layers in a plan view; whereinthe stacked body includes a step at which a thickness of the stacked body is different in a stacking direction in which the plurality of insulating base material layers are stacked; andthe dummy pattern is located between the coil and the step at a portion defining the step where the thickness of the stacked body is larger.2. The stacked body according to claim 1 , wherein the dummy pattern is located on the same insulating base material layer as the at least one of the insulating base material layers on which the conductive pattern is located.3. The stacked body according to claim 1 , wherein the dummy pattern is located on the plurality of insulating base material layers.4. The stacked body according to claim 3 , wherein the dummy pattern is located on all of the insulating base material layers on which the conductive pattern is located.5. The stacked body ...

Axial field rotary energy device having pcb stator and variable frequency drive

An axial field rotary energy device or system includes an axis, a PCB stator and rotors having respective permanent magnets. The rotors rotate about the axis relative to the PCB stator. A variable frequency drive (VFD) having VFD components are coupled to the axial field rotary energy device. An enclosure contains the axial field rotary energy device and the VFD, such that the axial field rotary device and the VFD are integrated together within the enclosure. In addition, a cooling system is integrated with the enclosure to cool the axial field rotary energy device and the VFD.

THREE-PHASE BRUSHLESS FAN

A three-phase brushless fan is disclosed. In the three-phase brushless fan, an outer shell member includes an axis part, and winding columns are disposed around the axis part, and the rotating module includes a fan, an axis coupling part pivoted to the axis part, and a magnetic element having south and north magnetic portions; a circuit board electrically connected to coils formed by winding a conductive wire on the winding columns. The number of the coils is three or a multiple of three, and the number of the coils is not equal a total amount of the south and north magnetic portions. As a result, winding the conductive wire to form the multiple coils can omit the operation of placing coils on the circuit board and save labor cost in welding two head ends of conductive wires on the circuit board one by one. 1. A three-phase brushless fan comprising an outer shell member , a rotating module and a circuit module , wherein the outer shell member comprises a receiving groove formed inside thereof , and an axis part formed on a bottom of the receiving groove , and a winding part disposed around the axis part , and the winding part comprises a plurality of winding columns disposed around the axis part;wherein the rotating module comprises a fan accommodated in the receiving groove, and an axis coupling part disposed at a side of the fan and configured to pivotally connect to the axis part, and a magnetic element disposed around the axis coupling part, and the magnetic element comprises at least one set of south magnetic portions with south magnetic pole and north magnetic portions with north magnetic pole staggered in arrangement;wherein the circuit module comprises a circuit board, a plurality of coils and a driving element, the circuit board is accommodated in the receiving groove of the outer shell member, and the circuit module comprises three or a multiple of three coil formed by winding at least one conductive wire on the plurality of winding columns, and the number ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD BASED EXCITER

In one embodiment, a generator includes a rotor configured to rotate in cooperation with a stator to generate electrical power. An exciter of the generator includes at least one circuit board, a stationary exciter stator, and a control circuit. The circuit board is mechanically coupled to a rotor of the generator and includes at least one coil of an electrical conductor. The stationary exciter stator is configured to induce a current in the at least one coil of the at least one circuit board. The control circuit is configured to modify the current from the at least one coil and provide the modified current to a field of the generator. 1. (canceled)2. An apparatus comprising:a forward portion of a stator housing;a rear portion of the stator housing;a circuit board movable with response to a rotor shaft; andan alignment device configured to position the circuit board between the forward portion of the stator housing and the rear portion of the stator housing.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the alignment device includes one or more springs for applying a force between the circuit board and the rotor shaft or a bearing associated with the rotor shaft.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising:a mechanical switch configured to adjust a position of the circuit board.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the alignment device includes a pneumatic device for applying a force to the circuit board.6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the alignment device includes a magnetic device for applying a force to the circuit board.7. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the circuit board includes a generator controller configured to generate a field current setting.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the circuit board includes a plurality of traces for exciter windings to induce a field current according to the field current setting.9. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the generator controller is configured to analyze sensor data for a magnetic field to calculate the ...

System and apparatus for axial field rotary energy device

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor having an axis of rotation and a magnet; a stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator can have a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of PCB layers that are spaced apart in an axial direction, each PCB layer can include a coil having only two terminals for electrical connections, each coil is continuous and uninterrupted between its only two terminals, each coil consists of a single electrical phase, and one of the two terminals of each coil is electrically coupled to another coil with a via to define a coil pair; and each coil pair is electrically coupled to another coil pair with another via.

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR SEGMENTED AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet. In addition, a stator can be coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a plurality of stator segments that are coupled together about the axis. Each stator segment can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. Each stator segment also can include only one electrical phase. The stator itself can include one or more electrical phases. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet; anda stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprises a plurality of stator segments coupled together about the axis, each stator segment comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of PCB layers each comprising a plurality of coils that are co-planar, and each stator segment consists of only one electrical phase.2. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the stator consists of only one electrical phase.3. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the stator comprises a plurality of electrical phases.4. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the coils are identical to each other.5. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of coils on each PCB layer are angularly spaced apart from each other relative to the axis.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each coil comprises radial traces that extend from about an inner diameter of the PCB to about an outer diameter of the PCB.9. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each coil comprises a trace that is continuous from an outermost trace portion to a concentric innermost trace portion claim 1 , and the coils comprise radial elements having linear sides and turns.10. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 9 , wherein each coil comprises only linear traces that are continuous from ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR MODULAR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module. In addition, the housing can include electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing. A rotor can be rotatably mounted to the housing. The rotor can include an axis and a magnet. A stator can be mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor. The stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. 1. A module for an axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module, and electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing;a rotor rotatably mounted to the housing, and the rotor comprises an axis and a magnet; anda stator mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor, and the stator comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil.2. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor and the stator are located inside and surrounded by the housing.3. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor comprises a plurality of rotors claim 1 , the magnet comprises a plurality of magnets claim 1 , and the stator comprises a plurality of stators claim 1 , and each of the stators comprises a plurality of PCB layers claim 1 , and each PCB layer comprises a plurality of coils.4. The module of claim 1 , wherein the module is configured to be directly coupled to a frame claim 1 , and the module is configured to be indirectly coupled to the second module.5. The module of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a side wall that orients the stator at a desired angular orientation with respect to the axis.6. The module of claim 5 , wherein the stator comprises a plurality of stators claim 5 , and the side wall comprises a plurality of side wall segments that angularly offset ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE WITH ALTERNATIVE CIRCUITS

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing. A rotor can be mounted inside the housing. The rotor can include an axis of rotation and a magnet. A stator also can be mounted inside the housing coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer with a coil. A sensor can be integrated within the housing. The sensor can be configured to monitor, detect or generate data regarding operation of the axial field rotary energy device. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing;a rotor mounted inside the housing, the rotor having an axis of rotation and a magnet;a stator mounted inside the housing coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer with a coil; anda sensor integrated within the housing, wherein the sensor is configured to monitor, detect or generate data regarding operation of the axial field rotary energy device.2. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the operational data comprises at least one of power claim 1 , temperature claim 1 , rate of rotation claim 1 , rotor position claim 1 , or vibration data.3. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a Hall effect sensor claim 1 , encoder claim 1 , optical sensor claim 1 , thermocouple claim 1 , accelerometer claim 1 , gyroscope or vibration sensor.4. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 3 , wherein:the axial field rotary energy device is a motor;the sensor is configured to provide information regarding a position of the rotor in the motor; andthe sensor is mounted to the housing.5. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor includes a wireless communication circuit.6. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 5 , wherein the sensor is configured to transmit operational data of the axial field rotary energy device to an external device.7. The axial field rotary energy device of ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE WITH ALTERNATIVE MAGNET CONFIGURATION

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor having an axis of rotation and magnets. Each magnet can extend in a radial direction relative to the axis. Each magnet can include a magnet radial edge. The device also includes a stator that is coaxial with the rotor. The stator has printed circuit board (PCB) layers each having coils. Each coil has a coil radial edge. When the radial edge portions of the magnets and the coils rotationally align relative to the axis, the magnet radial edges and the coil radial edges are not parallel and are angularly skewed relative to each other. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a plurality of magnets, each magnet extends in a radial direction relative to the axis, and each magnet comprises a magnet radial edge;a stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprises a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) layers each having a plurality of coils, and each coil comprises a coil radial edge; andwhen radial edge portions of the magnets and coils rotationally align relative to the axis, the magnet radial edges and coil radial edges are not parallel and are angularly skewed relative to each other.2. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the angular skew is at least about 0.1 degrees.3. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the angular skew is at least about 1 degree.4. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the angular skew is not greater than about 25 degrees.5. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 4 , wherein the magnet radial edges and coil radial edges are leading radial edges or trailing radial edges of the magnets and coils claim 4 , respectively.6. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 5 , wherein each of the magnet radial edges and coil radial edges are linear claim 5 , and no portions of the magnet radial edges and coil radial edges are parallel when the radial edge portions of the ...

System and apparatus for axial field rotary energy device with alternative coil configuration

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing. A rotor can be mounted inside the housing. The rotor can include an axis of rotation and a magnet. A stator can be mounted inside the housing coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer with a trace that is electrically conductive. The trace can include radial traces that extend in a radial direction relative to the axis and end turn traces that extend between the radial traces. The trace can include slits that extends through at least some portions of the trace.

SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MODULAR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

A system for an axial field rotary energy device can include modules that each are an axial field rotary energy device. The modules can be connected together for a desired power input or output. Each module can include a housing having an axis. The housing can be mechanically coupled to at least one other module. In addition, the housing can be electrically coupled to one other module. Rotors can be rotatably mounted to the housing. Each rotor can include magnets. The housing also can have stators. Each stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having PCB layers comprising coils. 1. A system , comprising:a plurality of modules comprising axial field rotary energy devices, the modules are connected together for a desired power input or output, and each module comprises:a housing having an axis, the housing is mechanically coupled to at least one other module, and the housing is electrically coupled to said at least one other module; rotors rotatably mounted to the housing and each rotor comprises magnets; andstators, each comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) having PCB layers comprising coils.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are identical to each other.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the modules differ from each other by at least one of: power output claim 1 , number of rotors claim 1 , number of magnets claim 1 , number of stators claim 1 , number of PCBs claim 1 , number of PCB layers claim 1 , number of coils or angular orientation with respect to the axis.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are directly coupled to each other.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the modules are indirectly coupled to each other.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein each module comprises latches that mechanically secure the modules claim 1 , and the latches are symmetrically arrayed with respect to the axis.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein one of the modules comprises a first module that is axially connected to another module claim ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLABLY MOVING ONE OR MORE MOVEABLE STAGES IN A DISPLACEMENT DEVICE

Aspects of the invention provide methods and systems for moving moveable stages relative to a stator. A stator is operationally divided into multiple stator tiles. The movement of the one or more moveable stages is controlled by a plurality of controllers (each assigned particular control responsibilities). A controller is provided for each stator sector, where each stator sector comprises a group of one or more stator tiles. Controllers from neighboring sectors share various information to facilitate controllable movement of one or more moveable stages relative to the stator. 1. A system for controllably moving one or more moveable stages relative to a stator , the system comprising:one or more moveable stages, each of the one or more moveable stages comprising one or more magnetization elements, each magnetization element having a corresponding magnetization direction and the one or more moveable stages comprising a first moveable stage;a stator comprising a plurality of sectors, each sector comprising a plurality of coil traces, the plurality of sectors further comprising a first sector comprising a first plurality of coil traces and a second sector comprising a second plurality of coil traces;a first controller and one or more first amplifiers associated with the first sector, the first controller and the one or more first amplifiers connected to controllably drive first currents in one or more first coil trace groups from among the first plurality of coil traces;a second controller and one or more second amplifiers associated with the second sector, the second controller and the one or more second amplifiers connected to controllably drive second currents in one or more second coil trace groups from among the second plurality of coil traces;the first and second controllers in bi-directional communication with one another via a sector link between the first and second controllers;wherein the first controller is configured to determine a particular second current ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having an axis with an axial direction. A stator assembly can include a plurality of stator panels that are discrete panels from each other. The stators panels can be mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing. Each stator panel can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having coils that are electrically conductive, each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase. In addition, rotors can be rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly. The rotors can be mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer. Each rotor can include magnets. In addition, in one version, no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having an axis with an axial direction;a stator assembly comprising a plurality of stator panels that are axially-stacked and discrete panels from each other, the stators panels are mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing, each stator panel comprises a respective printed circuit board (PCB) having a respective plurality of coils that are electrically conductive and interconnected within the respective PCB, wherein the respective PCB is configured so that an electrical current that flows through any one of the respective plurality of coils likewise flows through all of the respective plurality of coils, such that each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase; androtors rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly, the rotors are mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer, each rotor comprises magnets, and no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stator panels are coupled in a substantially axially abutting relationship.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stator panels are mechanically coupled directly to each other in an ...

Actuator

An actuator includes a coil substrate including a coil, a base substrate including insulating base layers that are stacked, capacitors disposed in the base substrate, and a magnet to receive a magnetic field from the coil. The base substrate includes a coil driving circuit, and a first region closer to the coil and a second region farther from the coil. The first and second regions are defined by two portions of the base substrate divided in a direction in which the insulating base layers are stacked. The capacitors are disposed in the first region more densely than in the second region.

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR MODULAR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module. In addition, the housing can include electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing. A rotor can be rotatably mounted to the housing. The rotor can include an axis and a magnet. A stator can be mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor. The stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. 1. A module for an axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module, and electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing;a rotor rotatably mounted to the housing, and the rotor comprises an axis and a magnet; anda stator mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor, and the stator comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil.2. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor and the stator are located inside and surrounded by the housing.3. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor comprises a plurality of rotors claim 1 , the magnet comprises a plurality of magnets claim 1 , and the stator comprises a plurality of stators claim 1 , and each of the stators comprises a plurality of PCB layers claim 1 , and each PCB layer comprises a plurality of coils.4. The module of claim 1 , wherein the module is configured to be directly coupled to a frame claim 1 , and the module is configured to he indirectly coupled to the second module.5. The module of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a side wall that orients the stator at a desired angular orientation with respect to the axis.6. The module of claim 5 , wherein the stator comprises a plurality of claim 5 , stators claim 5 , and the side wall comprises a plurality of side wall segments that angularly ...

ACTUATOR

An actuator includes a coil that provides a magnetic field to move a permanent magnet in a moving direction perpendicular to a coil axis. The coil includes conductor patterns on an insulating base material layer. The permanent magnet is located above insulating base material layer so that a polar direction of the permanent magnet is the moving direction. The conductor patterns include a closest conductor pattern closest to the permanent magnet. A first maximum width of an interval inside the closest conductor pattern in the polar direction is smaller than a second maximum width of an interval inside another conductor pattern in the polar direction. An overlapping width in the polar direction between the interval of the first maximum width inside the closest conductor pattern and the permanent magnet is the first maximum width regardless of a position of the permanent magnet. 1. An actuator that moves a permanent magnet , the actuator comprising:a coil providing a magnetic field to move the permanent magnet in a movement direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a coil axis of the coil; whereinthe coil includes conductor patterns provided in a plurality of layers on at least one insulating base material layer and including the coil axis in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to a principal surface of the at least one insulating base material layer;the permanent magnet is disposed above the principal surface of the at least one insulating base material layer in a direction of the coil axis so that a polar direction of the permanent magnet is the movement direction;the conductor patterns include a closest conductor pattern provided at a position closest to the permanent magnet in the direction of the coil axis;a first maximum width is a maximum width of an interval inside the closest conductor pattern in the polar direction and is smaller than a second maximum width of an interval inside at least one other conductor pattern in the ...

SEGMENTED STATOR FOR AN AXIAL FIELD DEVICE

An axial rotary energy device including a segmented stator assembly having a plurality of segments arranged in an annular array. Each stator segment is constructed by stacking a plurality of PCB power conductor layers and a plurality of PCB series layers. Each layer having radial conductors extending from an inner via to an outer via. The vias electrically connect selected radial conductors of the series conductor layer and power conductor layer. Each power conductor layer includes a pair of positive and negative terminal vias for one phase of the electric current connected to selected outer vias. A daughter PCB layer electrically connects two adjacent segments together by having a first portion electrically connected to a negative terminal via located in one segment and a second portion electrically connected to a positive terminal via located in an adjacent segment together with a current conductor electrically connecting the two terminal vias together. 120.-. (canceled)21. An apparatus , comprising:a first conducting segment including a first set of conductors and a first set of terminal pairs, each terminal pair from the first set of terminal pairs including a first terminal and a second terminal;a second conducting segment physically distinct from the first conducting segment and configured to be physically and electrically coupled to the first conducting segment to form at least a portion of an annular array, the second conducting segment including a second set of conductors and a second set of terminal pairs, each terminal pair from the second set of terminal pairs including a first terminal and a second terminal; anda connecting segment configured to be physically and electrically coupled to the first conducting segment and to the second conducting segment to form a portion of a segmented winding of an electromagnetic machine, the connecting segment including a third set of terminal pairs, each terminal pair from the third set of terminal pairs including (1) ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR MODULAR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module. In addition, the housing can include electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing. A rotor can be rotatably mounted to the housing. The rotor can include an axis and a magnet. A stator can be mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor. The stator can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. 1. A module for an axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having coupling structures configured to mechanically couple the housing to a second housing of a second module, and electrical elements configured to electrically couple the housing to the second housing;a rotor rotatably mounted to the housing, and the rotor comprises an axis and a magnet; anda stator mounted to the housing coaxially with the rotor, and the stator comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil.2. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor and the stator are located inside and surrounded by the housing.3. The module of claim 1 , wherein the rotor comprises a plurality of rotors claim 1 , the magnet comprises a plurality of magnets claim 1 , and the stator comprises a plurality of stators claim 1 , and each of the stators comprises a plurality of PCB layers claim 1 , and each PCB layer comprises a plurality of coils.4. The module of claim 1 , wherein the module is configured to be directly coupled to a frame claim 1 , and the module is configured to he indirectly coupled to the second module.5. The module of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a side wall that orients the stator at a desired angular orientation with respect to the axis.6. The module of claim 5 , wherein the stator comprises a plurality of claim 5 , stators claim 5 , and the side wall comprises a plurality of side wall segments that angularly ...

MOLDED COIL BODY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, MOTOR, AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING STATOR

The invention provides a coil molding attached to a stator of a motor, the coil molding including a coil wound around each of teeth of the stator, and a bus bar connected to the coil and molded integrally with the coil. The invention also provides another coil molding attached to a stator of a motor, the coil molding including a set of coils wound respectively around a plurality of teeth of the stator, the set of coils being molded integrally with each other. 1. A coil molding attached to a stator of a motor , the coil molding comprising:a coil wound around each of teeth of the stator; anda bus bar connected to the coil and molded integrally with the coil, the bus bar having a substantially semiannular shape when viewed from a central axis of the motor.2. The coil molding according to claim 1 , wherein a set of coils wound respectively around the plurality of teeth are molded integrally with each other.3. The coil molding according to claim 2 , wherein the integrally molded coils each have a natural number of turns.4. The coil molding according to claim 2 , wherein the integrally molded coils each have a number of turns claim 2 , the number being calculated by multiplying a natural number by a number obtained through adding an integer more than or equal to one and ½.5. The coil molding according to claim 2 , wherein the set of integrally molded coils include a first coil having a clockwise winding direction when viewed from a center of the motor claim 2 , and a second coil having a counterclockwise winding direction when viewed from the center of the motor.6. The coil molding according to claim 2 , wherein the set of coils and at least one bus bar are molded integrally.7. The coil molding according to claim 2 , wherein the set of integrally molded coils are disposed adjacent to each other.8. A motor comprising a cover case accommodating a shaft claim 2 , a rotor provided in contact with an outer circumference of the shaft claim 2 , and a stator disposed outside the ...

Electrical Generation

An electric motor-generator with a plurality of field coils spaced about the periphery of a stator, and a plurality of permanent magnets spaced about the periphery of each of a pair of rotors, the pair of rotors disposed one on each side of the stator, such that during rotation of the rotors, a center of each magnet generally passes across a center of each coil. 1. An electric motor-generator comprising:a rotary electrical switch selected from the group of rotary electrical switches consisting of commutator with brushes, optical commutator and absolute shaft position sensor with associated electronics;wherein the rotary switch enables paired alternating periods of current flow and no current flow into respective stator field coils, such that in a period pair the period of current flow is shorter than the period of no current flow.2. The motor-generator of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the period of current flow to the period of no current flow is less than 1:1.3. The motor-generator of claim 2 , wherein the ratio of the period of current flow to the period of no current flow is less than or equal to 4:6.4. The motor-generator of claim 1 , wherein the rotary switch is a commutator with brushes claim 1 , and the commutator further comprises a plurality of alternating conducting segment and insulating segment pairs claim 1 , wherein the conducting segment of each pair is narrower than the Insulating segment.5. The motor-generator of claim 4 , wherein for a pair of segments a ratio of conducting segment width to insulating segment width is less than or equal to 4:6.6. The motor-generator of claim 5 , wherein for a pair of segments a ratio of conducting segment width to insulating segment width is less than or equal to 12.7. An electric motor-generator comprising:a set of field coils and a field coil power supply,a series of high capacity capacitors wired in parallel with the field coil power supply such that the capacitors alternately discharge into the field coils when ...

UNIVERSAL ELECTROMAGNETIC MACHINE

An electromagnetic machine includes a universal circuit board and a plurality of universal coils. The universal circuit board includes a first coil configuration imprint and a second coil configuration imprint. The plurality of universal coils each including a positive lead and a negative lead for electrical connection to one of the first and second coil configuration imprints. 1. An electromagnetic machine comprising:a universal circuit board including a first coil configuration imprint and a second coil configuration imprint; anda plurality of universal coils each including a positive lead and a negative lead for electrical connection to one of the first and second coil configuration imprints.2. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 1 , wherein the first coil configuration imprint is a parallel coil configuration imprint and the second coil configuration is a series coil configuration imprint.3. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 2 , wherein the universal circuit board includes a combination coil configuration imprint.4. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 2 , wherein the parallel coil configuration imprint is associated with the plurality of universal coils being wired in parallel claim 2 , and the series coil configuration imprint is associated with the plurality of universal coils being wired in series.5. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 3 , wherein the combination coil configuration imprint is associated with a first portion of the plurality of universal coils having at least two universal coils wired in parallel claim 3 , a second portion of the plurality of universal coils having at least two universal coils wired in parallel claim 3 , and the first and second portion being wired in series.6. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic machine is an electric motor.7. The electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 1 , wherein each one of the plurality of universal coils are the ...

DUAL ROTOR, CORELESS, ELECTROMAGNETIC MACHINE

A coreless electromagnetic machine includes a dual rotor and a stator. The dual rotor is adapted to rotate about an axis, and includes inner and outer rotor segments. The outer rotor segment is spaced radially outward from, and axially aligned to, the inner rotor segment. The inner and outer rotor segments radially define an annular chamber. The stator is disposed, at least in-part, in the annular chamber. 1. A coreless electromagnetic machine comprising:a dual rotor adapted to rotate about an axis, the dual rotor including inner and outer rotor segments, wherein the outer rotor segment is spaced radially outward from and axially aligned to the inner rotor segment, and the inner and outer rotor segments radially define an annular chamber; anda stator disposed at least in-part in the annular chamber.2. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 1 , wherein the coreless electromagnetic machine is a coreless electric motor.3. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 1 , wherein each one of the first and second rotor segments include a plurality of permanent magnets.4. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 3 , wherein the plurality of permanent magnets are sintered magnets.5. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 3 , wherein the plurality of permanent magnets are molded magnets.6. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 3 , wherein the outer rotor segment and the stator radially define an annular outer gap as part of the annular chamber claim 3 , and the inner rotor segment and the stator radially define an annular inner gap as part of the annular chamber.7. The coreless electromagnetic machine set forth in claim 3 , wherein the stator includes a plurality of electric coils each including an inner winding layer wound about and spaced from a centerline that generally intersects the axis claim 3 , and the inner winding layer defining an opening for the flow of cooling air between the annular ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a housing having an axis with an axial direction. A stator assembly can include a plurality of stator panels that are discrete panels from each other. The stators panels can be mechanically and stationarily coupled to the housing. Each stator panel can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having coils that are electrically conductive, each stator panel consists of a single electrical phase. In addition, rotors can be rotatably mounted within the housing on opposite axial ends of the stator assembly. The rotors can be mechanically coupled together with a rotor spacer. Each rotor can include magnets. In addition, in one version, no rotor is disposed between axially adjacent ones of the stator panels. 120.-. (canceled)21. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a housing having an axis with an axial direction, a rotor with a magnet, a stator comprising a printed circuit board (PCB) having a plurality of coils that are electrically conductive and interconnected so that an electrical current that flows through the plurality of coils causes the device to operate, the stator also having a stator sensor integrated with the PCB; anda control circuit comprising a power converter.221. The device of claim , wherein the device comprises a motor , and the power converter is configured to convert an external AC voltage to an internal AC voltage having a different magnitude and frequency than the external AC voltage.231. The device of claim , wherein the device comprises a motor , and the power converter is configured to convert an external DC voltage to an internal AC voltage , wherein the internal AC voltage is configured to be provided to the stator to drive the device.241. The device of claim , wherein the device comprises a generator , and the power converter is configured to convert an internal AC voltage developed in the stator to an external AC voltage.251. The device of claim , wherein the device comprises a ...

APPLIANCE FOR FOAMING BEVERAGE OR FOODSTUFF

A stator operable to generate a rotating magnetic field for an electrical rotating machine, the stator comprising at least one circuit board with electrically conductive portions formed thereon, the electrically conductive portions connected with a multiphase configuration, wherein a phase comprises: on a first face of the circuit board(s) electrically conductive portions arranged as a plurality of elements, an element comprising a radially extending radial portion having: connected at a proximal end thereof a proximal portion, the proximal portion extending therefrom with a directional component in a first angular direction; and connected at a distal end thereof a distal portion, the distal portion extending therefrom with a directional component in a second opposed angular direction, whereby proximal and distal are defined relative the centre of rotation of the magnetic field and said angular direction is defined about said centre of rotation; and on a second face of the circuit board(s) electrically conductive portions comprising corresponding elements, whereby the proximal portion extends with a directional component in the second opposed angular direction and the distal portion extends with a directional component in the first angular direction. 1. A stator operable to generate a rotating magnetic field for an electrical rotating machine , the stator comprising at least one circuit board with electrically conductive portions formed thereon , the electrically conductive portions connected with a multiphase configuration , wherein a phase comprises:on a first face of the circuit board(s) electrically conductive portions arranged as a plurality of elements, an element comprising a radially extending radial portion having connected at a proximal end thereof a proximal portion, the proximal portion extending therefrom with a directional component in a first angular direction, and connected at a distal end thereof a distal portion, the distal portion extending ...

ACTUATOR COIL STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

Provided is a method for manufacturing an actuator coil structure including: disposing a base layer including polyimide on a substrate; forming a conductive micro pattern coil on the base layer by a plating process; filling spaces of the micro pattern coil with an insulating layer; and removing the substrate from the base layer by separation to form an actuator coil structure for a camera autofocus or anti-shake function. 1. A method for manufacturing an actuator coil structure , the method comprising:disposing a base layer on a substrate, the base layer including polyimide;forming a conductive micro pattern coil on the base layer by a plating process;filling spaces between turns of the micro pattern coil with an insulating layer; andforming an actuator coil structure for a camera autofocus or anti-shake function by removing the substrate from the base layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the micro pattern coil comprises:forming a plurality of layers of sub-micro pattern coils each extending in a first direction selected from a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction; andforming a via pattern vertically connecting the plurality of layers of the sub-micro pattern coils.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein each of the sub-micro pattern coils extends in the first direction while realizing two or more turns claim 2 , and the plurality of layers of the sub-micro pattern coils extending in the first direction are integrally connected by the via pattern.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a substrate transmitting UV light and an UV-curable photoreactive polymer layer is disposed on at least one surface of the base layer claim 1 , andthe separation of the substrate from the base layer comprises lowering adhesive strength between the UV-curable photoreactive polymer layer and the substrate by exposing the substrate to UV light.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the disposing of the base layer comprises disposing a base layer ...

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD ELECTRICAL MACHINE

An electric machine includes a plurality of permanent magnets and a plurality of conductors. The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged radially around a rotation axis of the electric machine and spaced apart from the rotation axis of the electric machine. At least one of the plurality of magnets has a shape in a plane of rotation intersected by the rotation axis. The plurality of conductors are arranged relative to the plurality of magnets and spaced apart from each other circumferentially around the rotation axis of the electric machine. At least one of the plurality of conductors includes a trace having a polygon shape different than the shape of the at least one of the plurality of magnets. 1. An electric machine comprising:a plurality of permanent magnets arranged radially around a rotation axis of the electric machine and spaced apart from the rotation axis of the electric machine, wherein at least one of the plurality of magnets has a shape in a plane of rotation intersected by the rotation axis; anda plurality of conductors arranged relative to the plurality of magnets and spaced apart from each other circumferentially around the rotation axis of the electric machine, at least one of the plurality of conductors including a trace having a polygon shape different than the shape of the at least one of the plurality of magnets.2. The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the polygon shape comprises a first side at a first radial distance from the rotation axis of the electric machine claim 1 , a second side at a second radial distance from the rotation axis of the electric machine claim 1 , and at least one radial side extending between the first side and the second side.3. The electric machine of claim 2 , wherein the first side comprises a first length different than a second length of the second side such that the at least one radial side is at an angle with a radius of the electric machine extending from the rotation axis.4. The electric machine of ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR SEGMENTED AXIAL FIELD ROTARY ENERGY DEVICE

An axial field rotary energy device can include a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet. In addition, a stator can be coaxial with the rotor. The stator can include a plurality of stator segments that are coupled together about the axis. Each stator segment can include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil. Each stator segment also can include only one electrical phase. The stator itself can include one or more electrical phases. 1. An axial field rotary energy device , comprising:a rotor comprising an axis of rotation and a magnet; anda stator coaxial with the rotor, the stator comprises a plurality of stator segments coupled together about the axis, each stator segment comprises a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB layer comprising a coil, and each stator segment comprises only one electrical phase.2. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the stator consists of only one electrical phase.3. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the stator comprises a plurality of electrical phases.4. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein the coils are identical to each other.5. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each PCB layer comprises a plurality of coils that are co-planar and angularly spaced apart from each other relative to the axis.6. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each stator segment comprises a plurality of PCB layers claim 1 , each of which is configured to provide said only one electrical phase.7. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each PCB layer on each stator segment comprises a plurality of coils that are co-planar and configured to provide said only one electrical phase.8. The axial field rotary energy device of claim 1 , wherein each coil comprises radial traces that extend from about an inner diameter of the PCB to about an outer diameter of the PCB.9. The axial field rotary energy device ...

Motor, gimbal, and unmanned aerial vehicle

This application relates to the field of aerial vehicle technologies, and provides a motor, a gimbal, and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The motor includes: a first and a second connection terminals, where the first connection terminal includes a circuit board including a coil circuit; the second connection terminal includes a permanent magnet adjacent to the coil circuit, wherein there is a gap between the permanent magnet and the coil circuit, and the permanent magnet has an axial magnetization structure; one of the first and the second connection terminals is fixedly connected to a lens module and sleeved over the lens module, and the other is movably connected to the lens module and sleeved over the lens module. In the foregoing manner, the overall size and weight of the motor are greatly reduced, and therefore, the motor has the advantages of a compact structure, a small size, and a light weight.

MOTOR, GIMBAL, AND MECHANICAL ARM HAVING THE SAME

The present application relates to the field of motors, and provides a motor, a gimbal and a mechanical are having the same. The motor includes a support, a circuit board installed on the support and including a coil circuit, a rotating shaft, and a permanent magnet. The support is installed on the rotating shaft. The permanent magnet is disposed adjacent to the coil circuit, and there is a gap between the permanent magnet and the coil circuit. The permanent magnet is of an axially magnetized structure. In the present application, the circuit board is adopted as a carrier of the coil circuit to replace an icon core in the traditional technology, thereby eliminating defects such as cogging torque, hysteresis, and eddy-current losses that are generated by an existing motor from the root. More over, the axial size of the motor and the weight and volume of the motor are reduced. 1. A motor , comprising:a support;a circuit board, installed on the support, wherein the circuit board comprises a substrate and a coil circuit disposed on the substrate;a rotating shaft, wherein the support is sleeved on the rotating shaft;a support plate installed on ono end of the rotating shaft; anda permanent magnet, disposed on the support plate, and adjacent to the coil circuit,wherein the coil circuit faces the permanent magnet and there is a gap between the permanent magnet and the coil circuit, and the permanent magnet is of an axially magnetized structure.2. The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the coil circuit comprises a single layer straight line circuit or multiple layer straight line circuits disposed in radial direction of the rotating shaft.3. The motor according to claim 2 , wherein the coil circuit further comprises a curved circuit claim 2 , the straight line circuit and the curved circuit being disposed on the substrate;and the straight line circuits disposed in the radial direction of the rotating shaft are sequentially connected in series by using the curved circuit, ...