Communication system, terminating apparatus, and PON virtualization method for use therein

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR ESTABLISHING VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS IN A BROADBAND NETWORK

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR RECONFIGURABLE NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for assigning a network topology to an interconnection network. Data is transmitted along at least one of a plurality of output ports based on a first port map, the first port map linking at least one of a plurality of input ports to at least one of the output ports. A request to apply a second port map, different from the first port map, is received. A circuit-switched element is activated to link at least one of the plurality of input ports to at least one of the plurality of the output ports based on the second port map. The data is transmitted along the at least one of the plurality of output ports based on the second port map.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MID-SPAN EXTENSION FOR ACCEPTANCE OF G-PON SERVICE IN XG-PON LINK BASED ON FRAME CONVERSION

An apparatus for mid-span extension device based on frame conversion of the present invention may comprise: a 10-gigabit-capable optical network unit (XG-ONU optical module) capable of transmitting and receiving wavelength signals of a 10-gigabit-capable optical line terminal (XG-OLT); a frame converting unit performing a conversion between a 10-gigabit-capable passive optical network (XG-PON) frame and a gigabit-capable passive optical network (G-PON) frame; and an optical line terminal (OLT optical module) capable of transmitting/receiving wavelength signals to/from an optical network unit (ONU). COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 (100b) Frame conversion-based mid-span extension apparatus ...

Method for performing network functions, telecommunication's access network, central unit, network-sided network termination unit, and subscriber-sided network access unit

METHOD OF BUS ARBITRATION IN A MULTI-MASTER SYSTEM

Systems and methods increase the available bandwidth for stations on a network, eliminate collisions during normal operations, do not require a network administrator, scale essentially linearly, are self-organizing, self-diagnosing and reporting, and are deterministic. One station becomes the starting bus master and creates a table of all the stations on the network along with their corresponding delays relative to the starting bus master. The stations communicate in an order determined by the starting bus master with the first station being a starting bus master and the last station an ending bus master. The starting bus master transmits a beginning of sequence message and the ending bus master generates an end of sequence message. The stations need not be limited to any specific wavelength nor need they be forced to transmit during any specific time slot. The network automatically adds or drops stations from the network.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXTENDING THE NUMBER OF OPTICAL NETWORK UNITS IN A PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK

The disclosure provides a mechanism for extending the number of Optical Networks (ONU) in a Passive Optical Network (PON). The mechanism extends the ONU amount by using the reserved bits or deprecated fields in a frame header of a Transmission Convergence frame as at least one additional ONU-ID fields, wherein the at least one additional ONU-ID field and the original ONU-ID field are combined to identify one of the ONUs. This mechanism enables fast upgrade of current PON system to serve more ONUs.

Information processing system, calculation node, and control method of information processing system

The present invention provides an information processing system, comprising a plurality of calculation nodes with an optical transmitter, which individually outputs a plurality of optical signals each having a different wavelength, and an optical receiver, which individually receives a plurality of optical signals each having a different wavelength, an optical transmission path connecting a plurality of the calculation nodes to each other, and optical pathway switching unit, lying in the optical transmission path, for transmitting the optical signal to the specific calculation node in accordance with a wavelength of the optical signal output from one of the calculation nodes.

Optical communication method for performing communication using a plurality of wavelengths, and optical communication system for performing communication using a plurality of wavelengths

In an optical communication system in which a plurality of optical nodes are connected via an optical transmission path and communication is performed by multiplexing a plurality of channels in the optical transmission path, transmission is performed by a transmitting optical node using a wavelength belonging to a wavelength group constituting a single channel. Each of the plurality of channels is constituted by a wavelength group consisting of a plurality of wavelengths separated from each other by a predetermined first wavelength interval. Reception is performed by a receiving optical node which detects a light transmitted in the optical transmission path and which has a plurality of light detectivity peaks separated by intervals corresponding to a natural number multiple of the predetermined first wavelength interval so that the light detectivity peaks match with the wavelengths constituting the wavelength group of a required channel.

Optical communication method for performing communication using a plurality of wavelengths, and optical communication system for performing communication using a plurality of wavelengths

In an optical communication system in which a plurality of optical nodes are connected via an optical transmission path and communication is performed by multiplexing a plurality of channels in the optical transmission path, transmission is performed by a transmitting optical node using a wavelength belonging to a wavelength group constituting a single channel. Each of the plurality of channels is constituted by a wavelength group consisting of a plurality of wavelengths separated from each other by a predetermined first wavelength interval. Reception is performed by a receiving optical node which detects a light transmitted in the optical transmission path and which has a plurality of light detectivity peaks separated by intervals corresponding to a natural number multiple of the predetermined first wavelength interval so that the light detectivity peaks match with the wavelengths constituting the wavelength group of a required channel.

Systems and methods for employing a recursive mesh network with extraplanar links

Techniques for making a recursive mesh network for connecting a varying number of access stations within a service area is disclosed. The techniques include (a) dividing the service area into MxN rectangular regions, having (M+1)x(N+1) corners, which cover the entire range of the service area; (b) placing an access station at an available region corner whenever a new access station becomes available, and connecting the access station to its corresponding optical connection paths, until (M+1)x(N+1) access stations have been so connected; (c) determining, for each additional new access station, which region the additional new access station falls within; (d) if this determined region has not been divided, dividing the determined region into SxT sub-regions; (e) if the divided determined region has less than (S+1)x(T+1) access stations within it, placing the additional new access station at an available sub-region corner in the region and connecting the new additional access station to at ...

Apparatus and methods for establishing virtual private networks in a broadband network

Service providers can reduce multiple overlay networks by creating multiple logical service networks (LSNs) on the same physical or optical fiber network. The LSNs are established by the service provider and can be characterized by traffic type, bandwidth, delay, hop count, guaranteed information rates and/or restoration priorities. Once established, the LSNs allow the service provider to deliver a variety of services to customers depending on customer's traffic specifications. Different traffic specifications are serviced on different LSNs, depending on each LSN's characteristics. Such LSNs, once built within a broadband network, can be customized and sold to multiple customers.

PCIe lane aggregation over a high speed link

A method of operating a computer network system configured with disaggregated inputs/outputs. This system can be configured in a leaf-spine architecture and include a router coupled to a network source, a plurality of core switches coupled to the router, a plurality of aggregator switches coupled to each of the plurality of core switches, and a plurality of rack modules coupled to each of the plurality of aggregator switches. Each of rack modules can include an I/O appliance with a downstream aggregator module, a plurality of server devices each with PCIe interfaces, and an upstream aggregator module that aggregates each of the PCIe interfaces. A high-speed link can be configured between the downstream and upstream aggregator modules via aggregation of many serial lanes to provide reliable high speed bit stream transport over long distances, which allows for better utilization of resources and scalability of memory capacity independent of the server count.

Optical fibre network

An optical PON network using passive DPSK demodulation

PACKET ROUTING

In a method of routing a packet carried on a network having a generally regular topology, the packet is received at a node (N) where a local routing decision is made. The packet is output in a direction selected according to the routing decision. The packet carries in addition to a destination address a directional flag indicating explicitly the preferred direction of onward travel and the routing decision is made using this flag. Several flags may be used, corresponding to different dimensions of the network.

PROGRAMMABLE TRANSPORT AND NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

This invention relates to the design of a scaleable high performance multiservice network based on programmable transport. A meshed network with dynamically-adjustable link capacities and nodes which provide data packing into "containers" for transport is proposed. A ring-based network, exchanging data containers among its nodes, is the preferred implementation, due to its flexibility, maintainability, and high reliability. With lossless rings, the quality of service is controlled solely by the origin and destination nodes, without any interference from other data streams. Flexible programmable transport greatly improves the performance, simplifies the controls, and facilitates scaleability. The concept is a departure from classical network thinking. By reducing the complexity of the network core, an economical, reliable, and manageable network with feature-rich edge nodes can be realized. An architecture with recursive ring-based structures provides a high degree of flexibility in bandwidth ...

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (WD) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a ...

A method and apparatus for elastic optical networking

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXTENDING REACH IN A PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK

In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, a system and method for extending reach in a passive optical network (PON) is provided. In a particular embodiment, a method for extending reach in a PON includes transmitting traffic at a first wavelength from a transmitter at a first optical network unit (ONU) in a PON and transmitting traffic at a second wavelength from a transmitter at a second- ONU in the PON. The method also includes receiving the traffic in the first wavelength at a first input port of a multiplexer at a distribution node in the PON and receiving the traffic in the second wavelength at a second input port of the multiplexer at the distribution node. The method further includes forwarding the traffic in the first wavelength and the traffic in the second wavelength to an optical line terminal (OLT) in the PON.

PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK SYSTEMS WITH LOOP DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHODS FOR THE LOOP DETECTION

A passive optical network (PON) system with loop detection capability is disclosed. The PON system may include an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network unit (ONU). The PON system may also include a prober residing in at least one of the OLT and the ONU. The prober may be configured to send a probe frame through a port in the PON system. The probe frame may include at least a logical identifier of the port. Existence of a loop going through the port may be determined based on at least one of a first condition and a second condition. The first condition may represent that the probe frame returns to the prober at least once. The second condition may represent that the probe frame is received by the port at least twice.

Evolution of a telecommunications network from ring to mesh structure

Ongoing growth in transport demand is served while deferring or eliminating expenditure for additional capacity by reclaiming the protection capacity and inefficiently used working capacity in existing multi-ring network. Reclamation is through re-design of the routing and restoration in the network using mesh principles within the pre-existing ring capacities. The installed working and protection capacity of existing rings is viewed as a sunk investment, an existing resource, to be "mined" and incorporated into a mesh- operated network that serves both existing and ongoing growth. Three ways of approaching the idea are given. The last is a detailed planning model for minimum cost evolution out to a given total growth multiplier (or a scenario of individual future growth multipliers on each O-D pair) that considers the costs of new mesh capacity additions, nodal costs for mesh access to existing ring working and protection capacity and selective ADM conversions and re-use decisions. Depending ...

Method of restoring setting values by managing pon network topology table in device accommodating plurality of EPON ports

A method of restoring setting values by managing a passive optical network (PON) network topology table in a device accommodating a plurality of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) ports includes the steps of: booting the device accommodating a plurality of EPON ports; a controller for restoring a previously set configuration and PON network topology table from a backup memory of the device; and performing a module initialization operation for all optical line terminal (OLT) modules installed in the device. The PON network topology table is labeled by 4-byte indexes according to a simple network management protocol (SNMP).

Optical switch and protocols for use therewith

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (WD) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a ...

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (WD) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a ...

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

A communications network, suitable, for example, for linking computer processors, is formed from a number of nodes and links. The nodes and links are configured as a multiplicity of directed trails. Each directed trail spans some only of the nodes, but in combination the directed trails span every node of the network. Packets are routed through the network by selecting the appropriate one of the directed trails which links the source node and destination node, and by outputting the packet at the source node onto the selected trail. The nodes throughout the network may switch between predetermined and prescheduled switching states, and a given trail may be selected by choosing appropriately the time slot in which the packet is put onto the network. The network may be a photonic network carrying optical packets.

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING VIRTUAL ONE OF PRIVATE NETWORKS IN A WIDEBAND NETWORK WORK

UPPER LAYER NODE, LOWER LAYER NODE, AND NODE CONTROL METHOD

An upper layer node is used in a multi-layer network which includes an upper layer network which performs switching and transfer in units of packets, and a lower layer network which includes optical transmission lines and optical switches and accommodate the upper layer network; this upper layer node being connected to the lower layer network which includes lower layer nodes including obstruction restoration sections, and transmission lines, and including: a section which detects the occurrence of an obstruction upon a transmission line which it accommodates; a section which advertises the detection result as obstruction information; a section which retains the topology information for the network; a section which updates the retained topology information according to advertised obstruction information, or obstruction information which it has detected; and an advertisement transfer section which advertises to other upper layer nodes the advertised obstruction information.

EVOLUTION OF A TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK FROM RING TO MESH STRUCTURE

Ongoing growth in transport demand is served while deferring or eliminating expenditure for additional capacity by reclaiming the protection capacity and inefficiently used working capacity in existing multi-ring network. Reclamation is through re-design of the routing and restoration in the network using mesh principles within the pre-existing ring capacities. The installed working and protection capacity of existing rings is viewed as a sunk investment, an existing resource, to be "mined" and incorporated into a mesh- operated network that serves both existing and ongoing growth. Three ways of approaching the idea are given. The last is a detailed planning model for minimum cost evolution out to a given total growth multiplier (or a scenario of individual future growth multipliers on each O-D pair) that considers the costs of new mesh capacity additions, nodal costs for mesh access to existing ring working and protection capacity and selective ADM conversions and re-use decisions. Depending ...

METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM FOR EXTENDING PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK

A PON extender device, system and method are provided. The device includes an optical amplifier for performing optical power compensation for the PON signals in the down channel; an optical control switch for being connected to ONUs and extracting the overhead information of PON signals in the down channel, and selecting up signals of one path of ONU as the outputted PON signals in an up channel based on the extracted overhead information; a regenerating apparatus for regenerating the PON signals in the up channel which is outputted under the control of the optical control switch to produce optical signals.

TECHNIQUE FOR IMPLEMENTING A MULTI-SERVICE PACKET AND OPTICAL/TDM VIRTUAL PRIVATE CROSS-CONNECT

A technique for implementing an automatic port discovery protocol in a virtual private network cross-connect is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized by a method comprising the steps of implementing a virtual private cross-connect for supporting a plurality sites associated with at least one virtual private network; providing at least one connection between the virtual private cross-connect and each site; and supporting a combination of at least two of layer-3, layer-2 and layer-1 services.

AN OPTICAL PON NETWORK USING PASSIVE DPSK DEMODULATION

An optical PON network comprises a central office which generates N DPSK modulated optical signals, where N is an integer greater than 1, an optical coupling which connects the N signals to at least one optical fibre, a passi ve distribution node located remotely from the central office which has at l east one input port that is coupled to the fibre and a plurality of output p orts, the node being arranged to transmit a first wavelength of the N signal s to at least one of its output ports, and at least one optical network unit connected through a respective optical fibre to the first output port of th e passive distribution node. The passive distribution node comprises an arra yed waveguide grating which provides a passive optical connection between it s input port and the first output port and which for that connection functio ns as a bandpass filter having a profile and bandwidth selected such that th e DPSK optical signal passed to the input node is converted to an intensity modulated ...

PACKET ROUTING

In a method of routing a packet carried on a network having a generally regular topology, the packet is received at a node (N) where a local routing decision is made. The packet is output in a direction selected according to the routing decision. The packet carries in addition to a destination addres s a directional flag indicating explicitly the preferred direction of onward travel and the routing decision is made using this flag. Several flags may b e used, corresponding to different dimensions of the network.

METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY DISCOVERING OPTICAL FIBER CONNECTIONS WITHIN NETWORK ELEMENT

The present invention discloses a method, device and system for automatically discovering optical fiber connections within a network element. The method comprises: a destination single board judges whether it is the first connection of the destination single board and a source single board according to a triple message sent by the source single board, which is received in a predetermined period, and if so, the destination single board sends a hexad message, which is generated by combining its own triple message, to the automatically switched optical network (ASON), and stores said hexad message in a local database; otherwise, the destination single board sends a hexad message corresponding to said triple message, which is stored in the local database, to the ASON when a timing is reached; when the ASON receives the hexad message and judges that the hexad message is not stored locally, it detects the validity of the connection corresponding to said hexad message, and it locally stores said ...

AN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION NETWORK

An optical interconnection network has a plurality of network nodes (70) interconnected by optical links (76-79). The network nodes (70) each receive a global clock and switch repeatedly with a fixed periodicity their routing states according to the global clock. Each network node (70) selects a time slot, a wavelength, and an initial optical link for transmitting a packet in dependence upon the desired path for the packet through the network, and outputs the packet in the selected time slot, wavelength and link. The network topology is a torus of the Manhattan street type. Each network node (70) comprises a plurality of channel nodes (73 a) for each link, a wavelength division demultiplexer (72a), a combiner (74a), and an optical space switch (75). The optical space switch (75) has a 2x2 configuration. The optical space switch (75) has a wavelength converter (42) per link feeding a passive wavelength routing device (41).

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

A communications network, suitable, for example, for linking computer processors, is formed from a number of nodes and links. The nodes and links are configured as a multiplicity of directed trails. Each directed trail spans some only of the nodes, but in combination the directed trails span every node of the network. Packets are routed through the network by selecting the appropriate one of the directed trails which links the source node and destination node, and by outputting the packet at the source node onto the selected trail. The nodes throughout the network may switch between predetermined and prescheduled switching states, and a given trail may be selected by choosing appropriately the time slot in which the packet is put onto the network. The network may be a photonic network carrying optical packets.

Optical network and method for processing data in an optical network

An optical network has an optical line termination coupled to a backbone network, in particular to an optical long haul network and a local exchange coupled to an optical access network. The local exchange provides an optical connection between an optical network unit of a tree topology and the optical line termination, which is part of a ring topology. There is also described a method for processing data in such an optical network.

Communications network

A communications network, suitable, for example, for linking computer processors, is formed from a number of nodes and links. The nodes and links are configured as a multiplicity of directed trails. Each directed trail spans some only of the nodes, but in combination the directed trails span every node of the network. Packets are routed through the network by selecting the appropriate one of the directed trails which links the source node and destination node, and by outputting the packet at the source node onto the selected trail. The nodes throughout the network may switch between predetermined and prescheduled switching states, and a given trail may be selected by choosing appropriately the time slot in which the packet is put onto the network. The network may be a photonic network carrying optical packets.

Optical communication system

An optical communication system is disclosed. The optical communication system includes a reflection hub connected to a plurality of communication modules. The communication modules communicate optical signals to one another via two way light channels, such that an optical signal is scattered off a diffuse surface at a distal end of the reflection hub and into the two way light channel of each communication module.

Cross-layer link discovery

The present disclosure generally discloses a cross-layer link discovery capability configured to support discovery of cross-layer links of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support discovery of cross-layer links between packet network elements and optical network elements of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support automated and reliable discovery of cross-layer links between ports of packet network elements and ports of optical network elements of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support discovery of cross-layer links between ports of packet network elements and ports of optical network elements based on various port matching techniques, such as port classification, port isolation based on port identification, port isolation based on port probing (e.g., active probing, passive probing based on traffic migration, passive probing ...

Configuration of an optical switch fabric using machine learning

An optical switch fabric comprises two or more optical switch elements. The optical switch elements are configured in a topology. A switch control has a plurality of bias control signals. The switch control can address one or more of the optical switch elements and can apply one of the bias control signals to bias of the addressed optical switch element to establish a switch setting. The topology and switch settings determine how each of one of the inputs is connected to each of one of the outputs of the optical switch fabric. The switch settings are determined by a machine learning process which includes a model creation. The model can be made to adapt dynamically during optical switch fabric operation.

OPTICAL NETWORK AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING DATA IN AN OPTICAL NETWORK

An optical network using passive dpsk demodulation

TRANSPORTATION NET WITH HIGH TRANSMISSION CAPACITY FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS

PROTECTED OF THE PASSIVE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

PROCEDURE FOR LOCATING AN OPTICAL NETWORK CONCLUSION IN AN OPTICAL ENTRANCE NETWORK

PROCEDURE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A VIRTUAL PRIVATE ONE CROSS CONNECTION SYSTEM

Method and apparatuses for performing network functions in a passive optical network

The invention relates to a method for performing network functions for a subscriber-sided (CPE) network access unit (ONT) in a telecommunication's access network with a central unit (CO, OLT), a distribution network (AN), and a multiple of network-sided network termination units (DPD) with subscriber- sided network access units (ONT) connected or connectable thereto, in which network a bidirectional communication path (1) is present between the central unit (CO) and that network- sided network termination unit (DPD), to which the subscriber-sided network access unit (ONT) under consideration is connected, in which for performing network functions a further bidirectional communication path (2) between the subscriber-sided network access unit (ONT) under consideration and the corresponding network-sided network termination unit (DPD); is used in connection with the bidirectional communication path (1) between the central unit (CO, OLT) and that network-sided network termination unit (DPD) ...

EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) network optimization method and system for power FTTH (Fiber To the Home)

Packet optical transmission network of the leading method and apparatus

METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION ROUTES BETWEEN NODES OF A COMPUTER CLUSTER, CORRESPONDING COMPUTER PROGRAM AND COMPUTER CLUSTER

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING A SIMPLE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE, A TERMINATING APPARATUS, AND A METHOD FOR PON VIRTUALIZATION

PURPOSE: A communication system, a terminating apparatus, and a method for PON(Passive Optical Network) virtualization are provided to simplify network architecture of the communication system by PON domain, and expand the PON logically without consuming a large number of MAC(Media Access Control) addresses. CONSTITUTION: A communication system comprises a single physical PON. The physical PON includes a plurality of ONUs(Optical Network Units)(1a,1b,1c), an optical coupler(2), and an OLT(Optical Line Terminal)(3). The ONUs have LAN(Local Area Network) ports(11a,11b,11c) and PON ports(12a,12b,12c), respectively. The OLT has a plurality of LAN ports(31,32) and a PON port(33). The PON ports are connected in a star topology through the optical coupler by using optical fibers. The physical PON is used as a plurality of virtual PONs, which are obtained by virtually dividing the physical PON. © KIPO 2008 ...

Method and apparatus for a network database in an optical network

A method and apparatus for a network database in an optical network. According to one embodiment of the invention, a wavelength division multiplexing optical network includes optical network devices interconnected by links. These optical network devices propagate along the links connectivity request messages, initiated at each of the optical network devices acting as an access node, to discover possible end to end paths that meet a set of zero or more connectivity constraints, where an end to end path is a series of two or more of the optical network devices connected by links on which a set of wavelengths is available for establishing a lightpath. In addition, the optical network devices acting as access nodes each include a database representing available paths with costs from that access node to reachable destination nodes, where each of the paths has associated with it in the database the wavelengths available on that path.

Method and system for redundancy in a passive optical network

The present invention is related to redundancy within a passive optical network and may include a first optical line terminal (OLT), a second optical line terminal, a first optical networking terminal (ONT) including an optical port and at least one Ethernet port; and a first two-to-many passive optical splitter. In operation, the first ONT may be registered with the first OLT and the second OLT may have the transmit function of the first optical port turned off. The receive function of the first optical port on the second OLT may be turned on and may be listening to the communication between the first OLT and the first ONT. When the second OLT no longer receives a signal indicating that the first OLT is still registered with the first ONT, the second OLT may turn on the receive function of the first optical port and registers with the first ONT.

Apparatus and methods for establishing virtual private networks in a broadband network

Service providers can reduce multiple overlay networks by creating multiple logical service networks (LSNs) on the same physical or optical fiber network through use of an embodiment of the invention. The LSNs are established by the service provider and can be characterized by traffic type, bandwidth, delay, hop count, guaranteed information rates, and/or restoration priorities. Once established, the LSNs allow the service provider to deliver a variety of services to customers depending on a variety of factors, for example, a customer's traffic specifications. Different traffic specifications are serviced on different LSNs depending on each LSN's characteristics. Such LSNs, once built within a broadband network, can be customized and have its services sold to multiple customers.

Apparatus and method for controlling routing

An apparatus and method for controlling routing that make effective use of wavelengths for efficient network operation. A state information obtaining section obtains state information regarding a network. An optical edge node specifying section specifies an egress optical edge node located on the output side of an optical network and an ingress optical edge node located on the input side of the optical network to establish an optical path to a destination address. A routing section explicitly sets routes according to destinations to the ingress optical edge node in a network connected to the input side of the optical network.

Switch and select topology for photonic switch fabrics and a method and system for forming same

A method for generating a switch fabric topology, comprising constructing a first switch fabric topology, modifying the first switch fabric topology to generate a second switch fabric topology, wherein modifying the first switch fabric topology comprises isolating center stage sets of the first switch fabric topology, and replacing each of the isolated center stage sets with a single × switching element to generate the second switch fabric topology, wherein is an integer representing a radix of the switching element determined in connection with the constructing of the first switch fabric topology.

OPTICAL ROUTING SYSTEM FOR FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

An optical routing system for free space optical communication is disclosed. The system has a transmitter and a receiver that use free space optical communication, and includes an optical path based on waveguide where an optical signal is routed from the proximity of the transmitter to the proximity of the destination. This system has advantages in terms of mitigating line-of-sight issues, as well as potentially reducing the overall coupling loss that would be otherwise incurred due to beam divergence of free space propagation for long distance.

MULTI-FUNCTION ARRAY ANTENNA

Optical networks

An optical communication network comprises a plurality of nodes (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L) interconnected by point-to-point links between nodes so that multiple connection paths are available between every pair of nodes. In a typical arrangement, there are nine nodes, each having four ports, so that there are eighteen point-to-point links. Each node provides an optical switching function to allow selective interconnection of the links connected thereto. ...

OPTICAL NETWORKS

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPTICAL RESTORATION TRIBUTARY SWITCHING IN A FIBER NETWORK

A method and system for restoration of a fiber communication network through optical tributary switching. Multi-port optical cross-switches switch traffic at the tributary side of lightwave terminal equipment in the event of a network failure. Optical tributary switching is implemented in a variety of all-optical core network architectures including separate disjoint path, linkbased mesh, and path-based mesh configurations. Network resiliency is enhanced without introducing loss over a high-speed fiber line or trunk.

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR PROVIDING TWO-WAY BROADBAND COMMUNICATIONS

The present invention comprises a method and apparatus for delivering bi-directional broadband communications over an existing network. The present invention is particularly applicable in any existing network whereby multiple pr imary remote nodes (PRNs) are allocated along a communication path, which partition the communication path into multiple segments. Typically, the overall system bandwidth is defined/limited by the bandwidth of those PRNs, but the communicati on path itself has a much larger bandwidth. Through the introduction of secondary remote nodes (SRNs), the present invention provides a cost effective mechanism f or providing bi-directional broadband communications in any communications network.

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE FOR PROVIDING TWO-WAY BROADBAND COMMUNICATIONS

The present invention comprises a method and apparatus for delivering bi-directional broadband communications over an existing network. The presen t invention is particularly applicable in any existing network whereby multipl e primary remote nodes (PRNs) are allocated along a communication path, which partitio n the communication path into multiple segments. Typically, the overall system bandwidth is defined/limited by the bandwidth of those PRNs, but the communi cation path itself has a much larger bandwidth. Through the introduction of seconda ry remote nodes (SRNs), the present invention provides a cost effective mechani sm for providing bi-directional broadband communications in any communications netw ork.

TECHNIQUE FOR IMPLEMENTING A MULTI-SERVICE PACKET AND OPTICAL/TDM VIRTUAL PRIVATE CROSS-CONNECT

A technique for implementing an automatic port discovery protocol in a virtual private network cross-connect is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the technique may be realized by a method comprising the steps of implementing a virtual private cross-connect for supporting a plurality sites associated with at least one virtual private network; providing at least one connection between the virtual private cross-connect and each site; and supporting a combination of at least two of layer-3, layer-2 and layer-1 services.

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION METHOD FOR PERFORMING COMMUNICATION USING A PLURALITY OF WAVELENGTHS, AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING COMMUNICATION USING A PLURALITY OF WAVELENGTHS

In an optical communication system in which a plurality of optical nodes are connected via an optical transmission path and communication is performed by multiplexing a plurality of channels in the optical transmission path, transmission is performed by a transmitting optical node using a wavelength belonging to a wavelength group constituting a single channel. Each of the plurality of channels is constituted by a wavelength group consisting of a plurality of wavelengths separated from each other by a predetermined first wavelength interval. Reception is performed by a receiving optical node which detects a light transmitted in the optical transmission path and which has a plurality of light detectivity peaks separated by intervals corresponding to a natural number multiple of the predetermined first wavelength interval so that the light detectivity peaks match with the wavelengths constituting the wavelength group of a required channel.

NETWORK TOPOLOGY FOR REDUCED BLOCKING AND PHOTONIC SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF

A reduced-blocking system where a perfect shuffle equivalent network having a plurality of node stages successively interconnected by link stages, isadvantageously combined with expansion before the node stages and/or concentration after the node stages in a manner allowing the design of a system with arbitrarily low or zero blocking probability. An illustrative photonic system implementation uses free-space optical apparatus to effect a low loss, crossoverinterconnection of two-dimensional arrays of switching nodes comprising, for example, symmetric self electro-optic effect devices (S-SEEDs). Several low lossbeam combination techniques are used to direct multiple arrays of beams to an S-SEED array, and to redirect a reflected output beam array to a subsequent node stage.

Network switch for failure restoration

ACCESS NETWORK FOR TRANSMITTING OPTICAL SIGNALS

Disclosed is an access network for transmitting optical signals with a passive optical network inserted between at least one network termination (16) and at least one distribution node (14) which is connected to a main network or a telephone exchange, while the optical signals are transmitted in a two-way mode in at least two wavelength ranges. A facility (836, 38) is provided in both the optical distribution network (14) and the optical network termination (16) to enable separate signal reception and transmission in various wavelength ranges (λni, λnj).

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (ND) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a single end-to-end connection yields increased wavelength efficiency.

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION NETWORK SYSTEM

A fiber optic communication system includes a device of switching and setting wavelength of optical signals used in communication by network-node equipments, which sets the mapping of the wavelength of the optical signal used in communication by the network node equipments, and the input/output ports of an array waveguide grating (AWG), so as to construct a predetermined logical network topology by a plurality of network node equipments which are connected via optical fibers to the array waveguide grating that outputs optical signals inputted to optical input ports, to predetermined optical output ports in accordance with the wavelength thereof. As well as enabling a simple construction, it is easy to realize flexible network design, construction, and operation, and different network groups can also be easily connected to each other. Moreover, a fiber optic communication system having robust security and which can be stably operated even at the time of failure is realized at low cost.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur optischen Übertragung anhand einer Vielzahl von Wellenlängen

Physical layer transparent transport information encapsulation methods and systems

UPPER LAYER NODE, LOWER LAYER NODE, AND NODE CONTROL METHOD

An upper layer node is used in a multi-layer network which includes an upper layer network which performs switching and transfer in units of packets, and a lower layer network which includes optical transmission lines and optical switches and accommodate the upper layer network; this upper layer node being connected to the lower layer network which includes lower layer nodes including obstruction restoration sections, and transmission lines, and including: a section which detects the occurrence of an obstruction upon a transmission line which it accommodates; a section which advertises the detection result as obstruction information; a section which retains the topology information for the network; a section which updates the retained topology information according to advertised obstruction information, or obstruction information which it has detected; and an advertisement transfer section which advertises to other upper layer nodes the advertised obstruction information.

TOPOLOGY PROCESSING METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM

A topology processing method, apparatus, and system are provided. The topology processing method includes: obtaining, by a topology processing apparatus, a first onsite image collected from an optical distribution network (ODN), where the first onsite image includes at least an imaging of a first port of a first ODN device, the first port is connected to a first cable, a first identification area used to identify the first cable is disposed on the first cable, and the first onsite image further includes at least an imaging of the first identification area on the first cable; and identifying, by the topology processing apparatus, the first cable based on the first identification area on the first onsite image, and identifying, based on the first onsite image, the first port connected to the first cable; and generating, by the topology processing apparatus, a first correspondence between the first ODN device, the first port, and the first cable.

Optical Communication Method for Performing Communication Using a Plurality of Wavelengths, and Optical Communication System for Performing Communication Using a Plurality of Wavelengths

RESTORATION SYSTEMS FOR AN OPTICAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

An optical telecommunication network has a plurality of optical cross-connect switching nodes linked together by optical cables to form transmission paths for traffic between sending and destination stations. A centralized operation support system (OSS) is coupled to each node for receiving failure alarms and port status messages for failed cables from the switching nodes and terminal sites. The collected data is used to select alternate routes through the network using the spare capacity of the optical cross-connect switches and available wavelengths within the network. Any connection(s) to put into effect an alternate routing plan is broadcast to the affected nodes or terminal sites. A Real-Time Multiple Wavelength Routing (RMWR) algorithm is used by the OSS or by decentralized switching nodes to select, coordinate and route traffic among selected paths to bypass the failed cable such that wavelength collisions or adjacent cross-talk do not degrade the network performance. The OSS is ...

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

A communications network, suitable, for example, for linking computer processors, is formed from a number of nodes and links. The nodes and links are configured as a multiplicity of directed trails. Each directed trail spans some only of the nodes, but in combination the directed trails span every node of the network. Packets are routed through the network by selecting the appropriate one of the directed trails which links the source node and destination node, and by outputting the packet at the source node onto the selected trail. The nodes throughout the network may switch between predetermined and prescheduled switching states, and a given trail may be selected by choosing appropriately the time slot in which the packet is put onto the network. The network may be a photonic network carrying optical packets.

Communication system, terminating apparatus and PON virtualization method for use therein

The invention relates to a communication system, terminating apparatus and PON virtualization method for use therein. When a frame is received from one of PON ports 12 a to 12 c of ONUs 1 a to 1 c, an OLT 3 compares VPIDs contained in Preamble/SFD regions A of the received Ethernet(R) frame with VPIDs assigned to LAN ports 31 and 32 of the OLT 3. Upon coincidence, a PON MAC process is started. When a frame is received from a PON port 33 of the OLT 3, each of the ONUs 1 a to 1 c compares a VPID contained in a Preamble/SFD region of the received Ethernet(R) frame with VPIDs assigned to the ONUs 1 a to 1 c. Upon coincidence, a PON MAC process is started.

광 네트워크-온-칩, 광 라우터, 및 신호 전송 방법

... 본 발명은 광 네트워크-온-칩, 광 라우터 및 신호 전송 방법을 개시한다. 광 네트워크-온-칩은, N2개의 지적 재산(intellectual property, IP) 코어, N2/2개의 게이트웨이 및 N2개의 광 라우터를 포함한다. N2개의 광 라우터는 2개의 서브넷을 형성하고, N2/2개의 광 라우터마다 하나의 서브넷을 형성한다. N2/2개의 게이트웨이의 각각의 게이트웨이는 N2개의 IP 코어의 2개의 IP 코어마다 연결되며, 상이한 게이트웨이에 연결된 IP 코어는 상이하고, 각각의 게이트웨이에 연결된 2개의 IP 코어는 2개의 서브넷과 일대일로 대응한다. N2/2개의 게이트웨이는 2개의 서브넷의 각각의 서브넷의 N2/2개의 광 라우터와 일대일로 대응하며, 각각의 게이트웨이는, 각각의 서브넷에 있으며 각각의 게이트웨이에 대응하는 광 라우터에 연결된다. 본 발명의 실시 예의 광 네트워크-온-칩, 광 라우터 및 신호 전송 방법에 따르면, 네트워크 성능이 향상될 수 있다.

TOPOLOGY DISCOVERY IN OPTICAL WDM NETWORKS

In an optical WDM network, each optical channel is modulated with a respective channel identity. Detectors, conveniently at multiplex ports of optical band filters, detect the channel identities of all of the optical channels in an optical signal at the respective points to produce respective channel lists. A network management system determines channel lists for through ports of the optical band filters, identifies matching pairs of channel lists to determine a topology of each node and to identify optical paths entering or leaving each node, and identifies matching pairs of channel lists for these paths to determine an inter-node topology of the network. The channel identity detector points can alternatively be at the optical paths entering or leaving each node.

Opportunity based path computation systems and methods in constraint-based routing

A method, a controller, and a network include determining an opportunity cost metric for each of a plurality of links in a network including a plurality of nodes, wherein the opportunity cost metric comprises a future constraint reflecting expectations for growth on currently established connections on each link of the plurality of links; receiving a request for a new connection between two nodes of the plurality of nodes in the network; and utilizing a constraint-based routing algorithm to determine a path for the new connection between the two nodes, wherein the constraint-based routing algorithm determines the path through the plurality of nodes via the plurality of links based on a plurality of constraints including the opportunity cost metric.

PREDICTING ROUTE UTILIZATION AND NON-REDUNDANT FAILURES IN NETWORK ENVIRONMENTS

A network analysis module may obtain information including but not limited to network traffic and topology information for a network environment including multiple separate networks and physical connections between the networks. The module generates a network topology model including but not limited to extreme-case failure or break information according to the network topology information, and applies the historical network traffic information to the network topology model to predict future expected normal traffic load and extreme-case traffic load for each route over the physical connections between the networks. Output may include one or more reports for each route, each report indicating the historical and predicted traffic levels for both normal and extreme-case scenarios of a respective route. 125.-. (canceled)26. A method , comprising: obtaining historical traffic load data for individual routes of a plurality of routes between a plurality of devices, wherein respective individual routes carry traffic between two of the devices over one or more physical connections between the devices;', 'obtaining a topology model of the devices and the routes between the devices, wherein the topology model includes, for respective individual routes, an indication of a failure-case according to the topology model, wherein a failure-case for a given route is a failure in one or more of the physical connections that causes traffic to be diverted onto the given route from one or more other routes affected by the failure; and', 'generating, for the respective individual routes, a prediction of failure-case traffic load on the respective individual route given the failure-case for the respective route according to the historical traffic load data for the routes and the topology model., 'performing, by one or more computing devices27. The method as recited in claim 26 , further comprising generating a prediction of normal traffic load for the respective individual routes according ...

OPTICAL NETWORKS

Communications network

An optical PON network using passive DPSK demodulation

An optical PON network comprises a central office which generates N DPSK modulated optical signals, where N is an integer greater than 1, an optical coupling which connects the N signals to at least one optical fibre, a passive distribution node located remotely from the central office which has at least one input port that is coupled to the fibre and a plurality of output ports, the node being arranged to transmit a first wavelength of the N signals to at least one of its output ports, and at least one optical network unit connected through a respective optical fibre to the first output port of the passive distribution node. The passive distribution node comprises an arrayed waveguide grating which provides a passive optical connection between its input port and the first output port and which for that connection functions as a bandpass filter having a profile and bandwidth selected such that the DPSK optical signal passed to the input node is converted to an intensity modulated signal ...

Network switch for failure restoration

NETWORK TOPOLOGY FOR REDUCED BLOCKING AND PHOTONIC SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION THEREOF

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

A communications network, suitable, for example, for linking computer processors, is formed from a number of nodes and links. The nodes and links are configured as a multiplicity of directed trails. Each directed trail spans some only of the nodes, but in combination the directed trails span every node of the network. Packets are routed through the network by selecting the appropriate one of the directed trails which links the source node and destination node, and by outputting the packet at the source node onto the selected trail. The nodes throughout the network may switch between predetermined and prescheduled switching states, and a given trail may be selected by choosing appropriately the time slot in which the packet is put onto the network. The network may be a photonic network carrying optical packets.

Network resource management method and device

Method and system for realizing passive optical network (PON) extension and relay

WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK HAVING A MULTI-BRANCH OPTICAL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, PARTICULARLY FOR EFFECTIVELY DISPOSING OPTICAL SUBSCRIBERS IN AN WIDE AREA DIVIDED INTO SEVERAL GROUPS AND THUS SAVING OPTICAL FIBER BECAUSE THE DISTANCE BETWEEN A REMOTE NODE AND OPTICAL SUBSCRIBERS BECOMES SHORT

PURPOSE: A WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) PON(Passive Optical Network) having a multi-branch optical distribution network is provided to effectively operate a pipe line by reducing the number of optical fibers to be installed. CONSTITUTION: An optical distribution network(400) physically connects a central base station(100) and a plurality of optical subscribers(300-1-300-N). The second remote node(430) is disposed between the first remote node(410) and the optical subscribers(300-1-300-N), and includes a multiplexer(431) and a demultiplexer(433). The first stage optical cable(401) connects the central base station(100) and the first node(410). Second stage optical cables(421,423) connect the first remote node(410) with the multiplexer(431) and the demultiplexer(433). Third stage optical cables(441-444) connect the multiplexer(431) and the demultiplexer(433) with the optical subscribers(300-1-300-N). © KIPO 2006 ...

OPPORTUNITY BASED PATH COMPUTATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS IN CONSTRAINT-BASED ROUTING

A method, a controller, and a network include determining an opportunity cost metric for each of a plurality of links in a network including a plurality of nodes, wherein the opportunity cost metric comprises a future constraint reflecting expectations for growth on currently established connections on each link of the plurality of links; receiving a request for a new connection between two nodes of the plurality of nodes in the network; and utilizing a constraint-based routing algorithm to determine a path for the new connection between the two nodes, wherein the constraint-based routing algorithm determines the path through the plurality of nodes via the plurality of links based on a plurality of constraints including the opportunity cost metric. 1. A method , comprising:determining an opportunity cost metric for each of a plurality of links in a network comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein the opportunity cost metric comprises a future constraint reflecting expectations for growth on currently established connections on each link of the plurality of links;receiving a request for a new connection between two nodes of the plurality of nodes in the network; andutilizing a constraint-based routing algorithm to determine a path for the new connection between the two nodes, wherein the constraint-based routing algorithm determines the path through the plurality of nodes via the plurality of links based on a plurality of constraints comprising the opportunity cost metric.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the opportunity cost metric comprises a flag identifying a presence or absence of expandable connections of the currently established connections on each link of the plurality of links.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the opportunity cost metric is based on a presence or absence of flexible Optical channel Data Unit (ODU) connections on each link of the plurality of links.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the opportunity cost metric comprises a numerical value ...

Optical networking devices and methods for optical networks with increased transparency

A wavelength selective optical cross-connect includes a first demultiplexor feeding into individually removable modules that in turn feed a first multiplexor, such that the cross-connect is expandable and repairable on a wavelength or waveband basis. The modules desirably include multiple optical components in the optical path, with components in each module matched to others in that module to provide module-to-module variation below that of the variation in module components. The modules desirably include an additional demultiplexor and multiplexor. The modules also desirably include wavelength or narrowband amplification together with power equalization. The modules may also include a switch fabric. Alternatively, the switch fabric may be provided in the form of a separate removable switch module or modules, with various technologies employed in various switch modules, including manual switching with automatic connection discovery, with simple plug-in upgradeability to modules having ...

Extender box, data transmission method and passive optical network system

An extender box (EB) includes: a downlink data sending module configured to send downlink data to first passive optical network (PON) devices; at least two uplink data receiving modules configured to receive uplink data sent from a corresponding first PON device respectively; and a duplexer configured to convert the data transmission mode used by the downlink data sending module and the uplink data receiving modules from dual-fiber transmission to single-fiber transmission to implement single-fiber bidirectional transceiving. The uplink data receiving modules have ports corresponding to uplink ports of the first PON devices on a one-to-one basis. Optical fibers of the uplink data receiving modules that are connected with the uplink ports of the first PON devices are separated from optical fiber of the downlink data sending module, where the optical fiber is connected with downlink ports of the first PON devices. A data transmission method and a PON system are also disclosed.

System and method for extending reach in a passive optical network

In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, a system and method for extending reach in a passive optical network (PON) is provided. In a particular embodiment, a method for extending reach in a PON includes transmitting traffic at a first wavelength from a transmitter at a first optical network unit (ONU) in a PON and transmitting traffic at a second wavelength from a transmitter at a second ONU in the PON. The method also includes receiving the traffic in the first wavelength at a first input port of a multiplexer at a distribution node in the PON and receiving the traffic in the second wavelength at a second input port of the multiplexer at the distribution node. The method further includes forwarding the traffic in the first wavelength and the traffic in the second wavelength to an optical line terminal (OLT) in the PON.

Dark fiber design tool for hardware, circuits, and paths

A dark fiber design tool for hardware, circuits, and paths is provided. A method can include generating, by a system comprising a processor, a data record that identifies respective equipment of a group of dark fiber equipment that have been assigned for a development of new dark fiber network infrastructure usable via a communication network; generating, by the system, a circuit plan representing optical connections between the respective ones of the group of dark fiber equipment as determined based on a first constraint defined by rules; and associating, by the system, respective optical wavelength paths with respective connections of the optical connections of the circuit plan based on a second constraint defined by the rules.

METHOD OF BUS ARBITRATION IN A MULTI-MASTER SYSTEM

Systems and methods increase the available bandwidth for stations on a network, eliminate collisions during normal operations, do not require a network administrator, scale essentially linearly, are self-organizing, self-diagnosing and reporting, and are deterministic. One station becomes the starting bus master and creates a table of all the stations on the network along with their corresponding delays relative to the starting bus master. The stations communicate in an order determined by the starting bus master with the first station being a starting bus master and the last station an ending bus master. The starting bus master transmits a beginning of sequence message and the ending bus master generates an end of sequence message. The stations need not be limited to any specific wavelength nor need they be forced to transmit during any specific time slot. The network automatically adds or drops stations from the network.

ACCESS NETWORK FOR TRANSMITTING OPTICAL SIGNALS

Optical fibre network in which primary nodes are connected directly to a plurality of core nodes

The present invention relates to a communications network in which one or more primary nodes (or PCPs) 162 are connected core nodes (120a, 120b) by a fibre interconnect cable (200) which also connects a plurality of core nodes. This bypasses and obviates the local exchanges (130, Fig 9). Customer terminals 150 are connected to the primary nodes. This provides a more resilient network with only a minor increase in the amount of cable and infrastructure being required, when compared with conventional approaches to installing optical fiber into the access network. Also disclosed (e.g. in Fig. 10) is a system in which one or more core nodes comprises a handover point (such as a local exchange 130) to a further communications network.

Passive optical network

A distribution node of a passive optical network (PON) comprises a first port for receiving a first optical continuous envelope modulated downstream data signal at a first wavelength (λ C ) from a first optical line termination unit (OLT 1 ) and a second port for receiving a second optical continuous envelope modulated downstream data signal at a second wavelength (λ L ) from a second optical line termination unit (OLT 2 ). A first converter (FBG- 1 ) performs continuous envelope modulation-to-intensity modulation conversion of the first optical downstream data signal and forwards the converted first optical downstream data signal (λ C ) to the first group of optical network units (ONU 1 . . . N ). A second converter (FBG- 2 ) performs continuous envelope modulation-to-intensity modulation conversion of the second optical downstream data signal and forwards the converted second optical downstream data signal (λ L ) to the second group of optical network units (ONU N+1 . . . 2N ). The distribution node forwards a seed signal at the first wavelength (λ C ) to the second group of optical network units (ONU N+1 . . . 2N ) and forwards a seed signal at the second wavelength (λ L ) to the first group of optical network units (ONU 1 . . . N ).

Optical Network-On-Chip, Method for Dynamically Adjusting Optical Link Bandwidth

An optical network-on-chip and a method and an apparatus for dynamically adjusting optical link bandwidth is presented, wherein each fixedly interconnected optical transceiver in a cluster in the optical network-on-chip is configured to establish a link between the cluster and one cluster in other n-x clusters to exchange an optical signal; and a main controller is configured to allocate x adaptively interconnected transceivers to k fixed links with the heaviest communication traffic according to a set rule and communication traffic of fixed links established by n-x fixedly interconnected optical transceivers in the cluster; and for an adaptively interconnected optical transceiver in the x adaptively interconnected optical transceivers, control the adaptively interconnected optical transceiver to establish a link, except the fixed link, between two clusters connected by the fixed link.

APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR OPTICAL CHANNEL MANAGEMENT

An apparatus includes a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) having an input port to receive a first optical signal from a second device. The ROADM also includes a first wavelength selective switch (WSS), in optical communication with the input port, to convert the first optical signal into a second optical signal, a loopback, in optical communication with the first WSS, to transmit the second optical signal, and a second WSS, in optical communication with the loopback, to convert the second optical signal to a third optical signal and direct the third optical signal back to the second device via the input port. 1. An apparatus , comprising: an input port to receive a first optical signal from a second device;', 'a first wavelength selective switch (WSS), in optical communication with the input port, to convert the first optical signal into a second optical signal;', 'a loopback, in optical communication with the first WSS, to transmit the second optical signal; and', 'a second WSS, in optical communication with the loopback, to convert the second optical signal to a third optical signal and direct the third optical signal back to the second device via the input port., 'a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) having2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second device comprises a router.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the loopback comprises an optical amplifier to amplify the second optical signal.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ROADM further comprises:a spectral analyzer, operatively coupled to the input port, to acquire spectral information of the first optical signal.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ROADM further comprises:a first spectral analyzer, operatively coupled to the input port, to acquire first spectral information of the first optical signal;at least one user port, operatively coupled to the first WSS, to receive at least a portion of the second optical signal;a second spectral analyzer, ...

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK

Embodiments disclosed herein provide a hybrid fiber-copper access network in which a main OLT sends data to the DSLAMs via a plurality of point-to-point optical fiber connections. A standby OLT is provided which has a plurality of point-to-multi-point optical fiber connections to the DSLAMs. In the event of a failure, data can be sent to some of the DSLAMs via the standby OLT and the point-to-multi-point optical fiber connections. Following the rectification of the fault, the network can revert to its normal state and transmit data to the DSLAMs via the main OLT and the plurality of point-to-point optical fiber connections. 1. A communications network comprising:a main primary network node connected to a plurality of secondary network nodes via a plurality of point to point optical fiber connections; anda standby primary network node connected to the plurality of secondary network nodes via a plurality of point to multi-point optical fiber connections.2. A communications network according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of point to multi-point optical fiber connections comprises a passive optical network (PON).3. A communications network according to claim 2 , wherein the PON comprises a primary optical splitter co-located with a PON optical line terminal (OLT).4. A communications network according to claim 2 , wherein the PON comprises a primary optical splitter co-located with one of the plurality of secondary network nodes.5. A communications network according to claim 3 , wherein the primary optical splitter and the PON OLT comprise a mode coupling receiver OLT.6. A communications network according to claim 2 , wherein the PON further comprises one or more secondary optical splitters.7. A communications network according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of secondary network nodes are further connected to a plurality of metallic communications links.8. A communications network according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of secondary network nodes each ...

TRANSMITTER FOR TRANSMITTING OPTICAL SIGNAL IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

A transmitter for transmitting an optical signal in an optical communication system includes a plurality of light sources configured to output optical signals; a plurality of first optical couplers configured to multiplex the optical signals, which are output from the plurality of light sources, to generate a first optical signal, and output the first optical signal through a first output port and a second output port of each of the plurality of first optical couplers; a first monitoring unit configured to monitor the first optical signal which is output through the second output port of each of the plurality of first optical couplers; and a controller configured to control an optical output of each of the plurality of light sources on the basis of a result of the monitoring. 1. A transmitter for transmitting an optical signal in an optical communication system , the transmitter comprising:a plurality of light sources configured to output optical signals;a plurality of first optical couplers configured to multiplex the optical signals, which are output from the plurality of light sources, to generate a first optical signal, and output the first optical signal through a first output port and a second output port of each of the plurality of first optical couplers;a first monitoring unit configured to monitor the first optical signal which is output through the second output port of each of the plurality of first optical couplers; anda controller configured to control an optical output of each of the plurality of light sources on the basis of a result of the monitoring.2. The transmitter of claim 1 , wherein:the first monitoring unit includes a plurality of monitoring light receiving elements configured to monitor the first optical signal; andeach of the plurality of monitoring light receiving elements is connected to the second output port of each of the plurality of first optical couplers.3. The transmitter of claim 1 , further comprising a second optical coupler ...

OPTIMAL POSITIONING OF REFLECTING OPTICAL DEVICES

Reflecting optical devices are optimally positioned by an all optical switch in an optically-connected system by transmitting optical power readings taken from an optimal monitoring module that are transmitted to the all optical switch for optimal positioning of a reflecting optical device in order to produce maximum optical output power. 1. A method for optimal positioning of reflecting optical devices by an all optical switch in an optically-connected system of a computing environment using a processor device , comprising:using optical power readings taken from an optimal monitoring module that are transmitted to the all optical switch for optimal positioning of a reflecting optical device in order to produce maximum optical output power.2. The method of claim 1 , further including transmitting the optical power readings to an optical switch controller using an optical control loop function claim 1 , wherein the reflecting optical device is a microelectromechanical (MEMS) mirrors and the optically-connected system is one of an optically-connected circuit network system and an electrical circuit system and the optimal monitoring module is included in each one of a plurality of optical transceivers and optical receivers.3. The method of claim 1 , further including initially setting the reflecting optical device in an optimal position for producing the maximum optical output power.4. The method of claim 3 , further including performing one of:detecting the reflecting optical device is no longer in the optimal position for producing the maximum optical output power based on a plurality of factors, wherein the plurality of factors include at least temperature, an input optical power-to-output optical power ratio, movement of the reflecting optical device, and a bit-error ratio (BER), andreadjusting the reflecting optical device to be in the optimal position for producing the maximum optical output power.5. The method of claim 1 , further including monitoring optical ...

DATA CONNECTIVITY SYSTEMS AND METHODS THROUGH PACKET-OPTICAL SWITCHES

Systems and methods for providing a data service through a packet-optical switch in a network include, subsequent to defining a loop-free forwarding topology for the data service in the network, if the packet-optical switch is a degree 2 site for the data service, providing the data service through the packet-optical switch at a Layer 1 protocol bypassing a partitioned packet fabric of the packet-optical switch; and if the packet-optical switch is a degree 3 or more site for the data service with multi-point connectivity, providing the data service through the packet-optical switch at the Layer 1 protocol and at a packet level using the partitioned packet fabric to provide the data service between the multi-point connectivity and to associated OTN connections for each degree of the degree 3 or more site. 1. A method for providing a data service through a packet-optical switch in a network , the method comprising:subsequent to defining a loop-free forwarding topology for the data service in the network, if the packet-optical switch is a degree 2 site for the data service, providing the data service through the packet-optical switch at a Layer 1 protocol bypassing a partitioned packet fabric of the packet-optical switch; andif the packet-optical switch is a degree 3 or more site for the data service with multi-point connectivity, providing the data service through the packet-optical switch at the Layer 1 protocol and at a packet level using the partitioned packet fabric to provide the data service between the multi-point connectivity and to associated Layer 1 connections for each degree of the degree 3 or more site.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partitioned packet fabric in the packet-optical switch utilizes a software-defined virtual switch using Software Defined Networking (SDN).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partitioned packet fabric in the packet-optical switch utilizes a Virtual Switching Instance (VSI).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Layer ...

OPTICAL PACKET SWITCHING AND PROCESSING FOR DETERMINISTIC NETWORKING

A first optical node is configured for deployment in an optical network including second optical nodes having a ring topology. The first optical node includes an optical encoder and a decoder. The optical encoder is configured to form a third optical signal for transmission into the optical network by combining a first optical signal generated by the first optical node with a second optical signal received by the first optical node from the second optical nodes. The decoder is configured to extract information from fourth optical signals received from the second optical nodes. In some cases, the first optical node includes a receive buffer configured to store information representative of the fourth optical signals received from the second optical nodes and a transmit buffer configured to store information used to generate the first optical signal. 1. A first optical node configured for deployment in an optical network including at least one second optical node having a ring topology , the optical node comprising: wherein the first optical signal comprises a first optical packet that is partitioned into a first portion and a second portion,', 'wherein the at least one second optical signal comprises at least one second optical packet, and', 'wherein the optical encoder selectively combines the first portion of the first optical packet, the second portion of the first optical packet, and the at least one second optical packet based on the plurality of time intervals; and, 'an optical encoder to form at least one third optical signal by combining a first optical signal with at least one second optical signal received by the first optical node from the at least one second optical node during a plurality of time intervals in a round.'}a decoder to extract information from fourth optical signals received from the at least one second optical node.2. The first optical node of claim 1 , further comprising:a receive buffer configured to store information representative of ...

DATA CENTER CONNECTIVITY SYSTEMS AND METHODS THROUGH PACKET-OPTICAL SWITCHES

A data center network includes a plurality of packet-optical switches each at a location in the data center network and each including a switch fabric comprising both a Layer 1 fabric and a packet fabric communicatively coupled to one or more line ports; wherein the plurality of packet-optical switches are communicatively coupled to one another in a topology to form data connectivity in the data center network, and wherein each of the plurality of packet-optical switches is configured to provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch bypassing the packet fabric when the location does not require Layer 2 forwarding in the topology, and provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch and using the packet fabric to provide the data service with multi-point connectivity when the location requires Layer 2 forwarding in the topology. 1. A data center network , comprising:a plurality of packet-optical switches each at a location in the data center network and each comprising a switch fabric comprising both a Layer 1 fabric and a packet fabric communicatively coupled to one or more line ports;wherein the plurality of packet-optical switches are communicatively coupled to one another in a topology to form data connectivity in the data center network, and provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch bypassing the packet fabric when the location does not require Layer 2 forwarding in the topology, and', 'provide the data connectivity through the Layer 1 switch and using the packet fabric to provide the data service with multi-point connectivity when the location requires Layer 2 forwarding in the topology., 'wherein each of the plurality of packet-optical switches is configured to'}2. The data center network of claim 1 , further comprising:a plurality of servers at the locations interconnected to one another via the data connectivity, wherein the data center network comprises a distributed data center.3. The data center network of claim 3 , ...

OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS APPARATUS AND METHOD

Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical communications apparatus, where the apparatus includes: an input system, a first optical switch array, and an output system, where the input system includes N input ports that are one-dimensionally arranged on a first plane, a first beam expander, a demultiplexer, and a first optical path changer; the first optical switch array includes N×K first optical switch units that are two-dimensionally arranged on a second plane, and the first optical switch units can rotate in a first axial line direction and a second axial line direction; and the output system includes a second optical path changer, a second beam expander, a second optical switch array, and M output ports that are two-dimensionally arranged. 1. An optical communications apparatus comprising: an input system , a first optical switch array , and an output system , wherein the input system comprises N input ports that are one-dimensionally arranged on a first plane , a first beam expander , a demultiplexer , and a first optical path changer; the first optical switch array comprises N×K first optical switch units that are two-dimensionally arranged on a second plane , wherein K is a quantity of sub-signal lights that are comprised in signal light , center wavelengths of the sub-signal lights are different from each other , the second plane is perpendicular to a main axis direction , the main axis direction is a transmission direction of signal light that is output from the input ports , the first plane is perpendicular to the second plane , the first optical switch units can rotate in a first axial line direction and a second axial line direction , the first axial line direction is a direction of an intersecting line between the first plane and the second plane , the second axial line direction is a direction of an intersecting line between a third plane and the second plane , the third plane is perpendicular to the second plane , the third plane is ...

PHOTONIC ROUTING SYSTEMS AND METHODS COMPUTING LOOP-FREE TOPOLOGIES

Systems and methods for routing wavelengths in an optical network include responsive to a path request for a wavelength or group of wavelengths, determining a path through the optical network; determining a location on the path where wavelength blocking should occur to form a loop-free path in the optical network; and setting the wavelength blocking at the location. The optical network can utilize a broadcast and select architecture and the wavelength blocking is configured to prevent the wavelength or group of wavelengths from looping back on a port where the wavelength or group of wavelengths has already been received on. The optical network can utilize an all-broadcast architecture and the wavelength blocking is configured to prevent multiple paths for the wavelength or group of wavelengths by constraining the wavelength or group of wavelengths to a single path through the optical network. 120-. (canceled)21. An optical node , comprising:optical routing components communicatively coupled to one or more degrees connected to an optical network, wherein the optical routing components broadcast one or more channels between all the one or more degrees; andone or more blocking elements associated with the one or more degrees, wherein the one or more blocking elements are enabled based on a loop-free path in the optical network for the one or more channels.22. The optical node of claim 21 , wherein the optical routing components utilize a broadcast and select architecture and the one or more blocking elements are configured to prevent a wavelength or group of wavelengths associated with the one or more channels from looping back on a port where the wavelength or group of wavelengths has already been received on.23. The optical node of claim 21 , wherein the optical routing components utilize an all-broadcast architecture and the one or more blocking elements are configured to prevent multiple paths for a wavelength or group of wavelengths associated with the one or more ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MAPPING DIFFERENT LAYOUTS

There is described a method for automatically mapping network configurations to enable at least two elements belonging to a first layer network to communicate with each other over a second layer network, 2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the determination of a change is detected over the one or more second interfaces.3. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the change corresponds to addition to or deletion from the first layer network of a first layer element arranged to communicate with said second layer element over the one or more second interfaces.4. A method in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the second layer element is arranged to determine the addition of said first layer element by receiving signalling from said first layer element over the one or more second interfaces over which said first layer element and the second layer element are arranged to communicate.5. A method in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the second layer element is arranged to determine the removal of said first layer element by detecting absence of a connection over the one or more second interfaces over which said first layer element and the second layer element are arranged to communicate.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the routing information comprises an indication of the first layer network to which the first layer element belongs to.7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the routing information further includes an indication of a type of determined change in the first network.8. A method according to wherein managing connections comprises updating tunnels linking the second layer devices.9. A method according to wherein the propagation is performed by using a specific routing protocol.10. A method according to claim 9 , wherein the routing protocol enables at least two first layer elements to be connected through a shortest path (SP) over the second layer network.11. A method for automatically mapping according to wherein the propagated ...

ASSIGNMENT OF WAVELENGTHS TO OPTICAL SIGNALS IN AN OPTICAL NETWORK

A method may include determining, by a device, a wavelength identifier graph corresponding to an optical network based on a set of lightpath conflicts, for a set of optical signals, associated with a set of links and a set of nodes of the optical network. One or more optical signals may be associated with transmission via a super-channel. The method may further include selectively assigning, by the device, a wavelength identifier to an optical signal, of the set of optical signals, based on the wavelength identifier graph. The wavelength identifier being associated with a set of wavelength identifiers and corresponding to a wavelength of a set of wavelengths. The method may further include causing, by the device, the optical signal to utilize the wavelength, of the set of wavelengths, for transmission via the optical network. 1. An apparatus , comprising: determine a set of optical signals associated with an optical network including a set of optical links and a set of optical nodes;', [ 'the particular set of lightpath conflicts including a first set of lightpath conflicts associated with the set of optical links and a second set of lightpath conflicts associated with the set of optical nodes,', 'the topology information including information identifying a particular set of lightpath conflicts,'}, 'the wavelength identifier graph including a set of vertices corresponding to the set of optical signals and a set of edges corresponding to the first set of lightpath conflicts and the second set of lightpath conflicts;', 'the topology information corresponding to a wavelength identifier graph,'}], 'determine topology information for the set of optical signals and the optical network,'}, 'select an optical signal, from the set of optical signals, based on the wavelength identifier graph;', 'the wavelength identifier, of the set of wavelength identifiers,', 'selectively assign a wavelength identifier, of a set of wavelength identifiers, to the optical signal based on the ...

Flat, highly connected optical network for data center switch connectivity

A flat data center network includes a plurality of switches each including a first plurality of server facing ports connected to a first set of servers, and a plurality of network facing ports connected to other switches of the plurality of switches, wherein the plurality of switches are interconnected via corresponding network facing ports in a semi-structured random network architecture that enables additional servers to be added to the flat data center network during operation while maintaining random interconnect. 1. A flat data center network comprising: a first plurality of server facing ports connected to a first set of servers, and', 'a plurality of network facing ports connected to other switches of the plurality of switches,, 'a plurality of switches each including'}wherein the plurality of switches are interconnected via corresponding network facing ports in a semi-structured random network architecture that enables additional servers to be added to the flat data center network during operation while maintaining random interconnect.2. The flat data center network of claim 1 , wherein a second set of one or more servers are connected to a second plurality of server facing ports on the plurality of switches while maintaining the semi-structured random network architecture during the operation.3. The flat data center network of claim 1 , wherein all of the plurality of switches are Top of Rack switches with corresponding servers attached.4. The flat data center network of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , between any two servers claim 1 , there are a plurality of paths on different hop lengths.5. The flat data center network of claim 4 , wherein routing between the any two servers uses off-shortest path routes in addition to Shortest Path First (SPF) routes.6. The flat data center network of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of switches include more network facing ports than server facing ports.7. The flat data center network of claim 1 , wherein a number of ...

Optical Networking With Hybrid Optical Vortices

Concepts and technologies directed to optical networking with hybrid optical vortices are disclosed herein. Embodiments can include a system that is configured to perform operations for optical networking with hybrid optical vortices. The system can include a hybrid optical switch that can communicatively couple with another network device via one or more nanofiber communication paths. The operations can include receiving, from a first nanofiber communication path, a hybrid optical vortex that carries an internet protocol packet. The operations also can include decoupling the hybrid optical vortex to extract an optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. The operations also can include switching the internet protocol packet to a subsequent communication path based on the optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. 1. A system comprising:a processor; and receiving a data packet,', 'determining that a nanofiber communication path should be used to route the data packet,', 'determining a topological charge value corresponding to the data packet,', 'creating an optical vortex having a topological charge with the topological charge value, wherein the optical vortex encapsulates the data packet via the topological charge,', 'coupling the optical vortex to a single electron to create a hybrid optical vortex carrying an instance of the data packet, and', 'releasing the hybrid optical vortex onto the nanofiber communication path., 'a memory that stores computer-executable instructions that, in response to execution by the processor, cause the system to perform operations comprising'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein determining that a nanofiber communication path should be used to route the data packet is based on at least one of a package size of the data packet or a latency priority indicator associated with the data packet.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the topological charge value corresponding to the data packet is based on a ...

METHOD FOR DIMENSIONING A WDM OPTICAL NETWORK WITH WAVELENGTH CONTINUITY CONSTRAINT

The invention relates to a new method for jointly defining a policy for assigning wavelengths to each network connection and for calculating the number of wavelengths in dynamic WDM optical networks without wavelength conversion. To solve this problem, the method comprises including in each network connection a fixed route for transmitting, which is defined before operating the network. This new approach has two main differences from previous strategies. 2. The method of claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that it further comprises storing the number of wavelengths required for each connection of said set of connections.3. The method of claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that it further comprises storing the number of wavelengths required for each link of said optical network.4. The method of claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that said set of routes is determined using the Dijkstra algorithm.5. The method of claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that claim 1 , for determining said blocking probability claim 1 , said processor executes the steps of:defining a plurality of layers, each layer corresponding to the topology of said optical network, wherein the number of wavelengths available in each link is 0 or 1;determining, for each link of said optical network, the connections using said link;{'sub': ON,c', 'OFF,c, 'defining, for each connection using said link, a first numerical value, tcorresponding to the time in which said connection is active, and a second numerical value, t, corresponding to the time in which said connection is inactive;'}{'img': [{'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER-00031', '@he': '3.22mm', '@wi': '5.67mm', '@file': 'US20220078533A1-20220310-P00020.TIF', '@alt': 'custom-character', '@img-content': 'character', '@img-format': 'tif'}, {'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER-00032', '@he': '3.22mm', '@wi': '1.78mm', '@file': 'US20220078533A1-20220310-P00021.TIF', '@alt': 'custom-character', '@img-content': 'character', '@img-format': 'tif'}], 'defining a plurality of values corresponding to the blocking ...

NETWORK CONTROL METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM

This disclosure provides a network control method, an apparatus, and a system, to manage an IP network and an optical network together, thereby properly controlling use of resources of an entire network. The method includes: obtaining first link state information and second link state information, where the first link state information is used to indicate a link state of an Internet Protocol IP network, and the second link state information is used to indicate a link state of an optical network; determining third link state information based on the first link state information and the second link state information, where the third link state information includes the link state of the IP network and the link state of the optical network; and computing a path based on the third link state information. 1. A method , comprising:obtaining first link state information and second link state information, wherein the first link state information indicates a link state of an Internet Protocol (IP) network, and the second link state information indicates a link state of an optical network;determining third link state information based on the first link state information and the second link state information, wherein the third link state information comprises the link state of the IP network and the link state of the optical network; andcomputing a path based on the third link state information.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the link state of the IP network comprises a network topology of the IP network and the link state of the optical network comprises a network topology of the optical network.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining first link state information and second link state information comprises:receiving the first link state information from an IP network controller; andreceiving the second link state information from an optical network controller.4. The method according to wherein the computing a path based on the third link state ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING AND CONSTRUCTING OPTICAL NETWORKS

A system and method for designing and constructing optical networks is provided. The system comprises: a server, and interactive software program residing on the server, an interactive input device—capable of accessing the interactive software program residing on the server, and a communication network—used to connect the interactive input device to the server. The method comprises: entering network topology information and service demands for a plurality of nodes into the interactive software program residing on the server, having the interactive software program determine the required optical equipment for the nodes, and ordering the required optical equipment for the nodes using the interactive software program. 1. A method for designing and constructing an optical network comprising:entering optical network topology information for a plurality of nodes into an interactive software program residing on a server;entering service demands for the nodes into the interactive software program residing on the server; andordering optical equipment for the nodes using the interactive software program residing on the server,wherein the interactive software program determines the optical equipment for the plurality of nodes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising entering fiber characterization information into the software program residing on the server.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:entering location information for the plurality of nodes; andshipping the optical equipment directly to the locations of the plurality of nodes,wherein the interactive software program automatically determines where to ship the optical equipment based upon the location information.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising installing the optical equipment within plurality of nodes using instructions residing within the plurality of nodes.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising verifying the installation of the optical equipment within the plurality of nodes by ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EFFICIENT NETWORK UTILIZATION USING SUPERCHANNELS

The disclosure relates to technology for constructing an optical network. A central node is selected among a plurality of nodes in the optical network, and each of the nodes is connected to the central node via a set of superchannels, wherein each of the superchannels includes sub-carriers and has a same data rate. The network resources between the central node and each of the plurality of nodes are managed by dynamically allocating the sub-carrier bandwidths to support communication among the plurality of nodes via the superchannels, and wavelength selective switching is performed among the superchannels at the central node. 1. A method for constructing an optical network , comprising:selecting a central node among a plurality of nodes in the optical network;connecting each of the plurality of nodes to the central node via a set of superchannels, wherein each of the optical superchannels includes of a set of subcarriers and has a bounded data rate;managing network resources between the central node and each of the plurality of nodes by dynamically allocating the sub-carrier bandwidths to support communication among the plurality of nodes via the superchannels; andperforming wavelength selective switching among the superchannels at the central node.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the connection between the central node and each of the set of nodes is a flexible-grid connection.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the superchannels include multiple wavelength channels with flexible spectrum assignment and modulation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the superchannels includes multiple wavelength channels having a same modulation format.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the data rate of each of the superchannels is dynamically allocated to support communication among the plurality of nodes.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of nodes of the optical network form a virtual private network (VPN).7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

INTRA DATA CENTER OPTICAL SWITCHING

Methods and systems for intra data center optical switching of optical signals use an intra data center optical switch to optically transmit N optical wavelengths as an optical signal transmitting a data stream generated by a data center system included within N data center systems. The data center system may selectively receive one of N−1 optical wavelengths as another optical signal corresponding to one of N−1 other data center systems excluding the data center system from the intra data center optical switch. In this manner, intra data center optical switching may be performed without utilizing Ethernet and optical switches, which may result in reduced power consumption for data center communication. 1. An intra data center optical switching system comprising:a first optical comb;a wavelength exchanger;a first tunable filter; and generate a first data stream;', 'transmit a first optical signal transmitting the first data stream to the first optical comb, the first optical comb configured to generate N optical wavelengths onto a second optical signal, wherein each of the N optical wavelengths transmit the first data stream; and', receive N−1 optical wavelengths as a third optical signal from a wavelength exchanger configured to receive the second optical signal; and', 'filter the third optical signal to selectively output one of the N−1 optical wavelengths onto the fourth optical signal, wherein the N−1 optical wavelengths correspond to N−1 data center systems excluding the first data center system., 'receive a fourth optical signal from the first tunable filter that is configured to], 'a number of N data center systems including a first data center system exclusively associated with the first optical comb and the first tunable filter, wherein N is greater or equal to two, the first data center system configured to2. The intra data center optical switching system of claim 1 , the wavelength exchanger further configured to receive N optical signals claim 1 , ...

CONFIGURATION OF AN OPTICAL SWITCH FABRIC USING MACHINE LEARNING

An optical switch fabric comprises two or more optical switch elements. The optical switch elements are configured in a topology. A switch control has a plurality of bias control signals. The switch control can address one or more of the optical switch elements and can apply one of the bias control signals to bias of the addressed optical switch element to establish a switch setting. The topology and switch settings determine how each of one of the inputs is connected to each of one of the outputs of the optical switch fabric. The switch settings are determined by a machine learning process which includes a model creation. The model can be made to adapt dynamically during optical switch fabric operation. 1. An optical switch fabric comprising:two or more optical switch elements, each optical switch element having a bias, one or more optical switch element inputs and one or more optical switch element outputs, one or more optical switch element outputs from a first optical switch element connected to one or more inputs of a second optical switch element so that the optical switch elements are optically connected in a topology;one or more inputs to the optical switch fabric, each input connected to one of the optical switch element inputs of an optical switch element at an input of the topology;one or more outputs from the optical switch fabric, each output connected to one of the optical switch element outputs of an optical switch element at an output of the topology; anda switch control with a plurality of bias control signals, the switch control capable of addressing one or more of the optical switch elements, being an addressed optical switch element, and switch control applying one of the bias control signals to the bias of the addressed optical switch element to establish a switch setting, where the switch setting is determined by a machine learning process and the switch settings and topology determine how each of one of the inputs is connected to each of one ...

DARK FIBER DESIGN TOOL FOR HARDWARE, CIRCUITS, AND PATHS

A dark fiber design tool for hardware, circuits, and paths is provided. A method can include generating, by a system comprising a processor, a data record that identifies respective equipment of a group of dark fiber equipment that have been assigned for a development of new dark fiber network infrastructure usable via a communication network; generating, by the system, a circuit plan representing optical connections between the respective ones of the group of dark fiber equipment as determined based on a first constraint defined by rules; and associating, by the system, respective optical wavelength paths with respective connections of the optical connections of the circuit plan based on a second constraint defined by the rules. 1. A method , comprising:generating, by a system comprising a processor, a data record that identifies respective equipment of a group of dark fiber equipment that have been assigned for a development of new dark fiber network infrastructure usable via a communication network;generating, by the system, a circuit plan representing optical connections between the respective ones of the group of dark fiber equipment as determined based on a first constraint defined by rules; andassociating, by the system, respective optical wavelength paths with respective connections of the optical connections of the circuit plan based on a second constraint defined by the rules.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the group of dark fiber equipment comprises respective optical multiplexers.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the data record further identifies respective port capacities of the respective optical multiplexers claim 2 , and wherein the first constraint comprises a permissible set of optical connections between the respective optical multiplexers based on the respective port capacities.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the data record further identifies supported optical wavelengths associated with the respective optical multiplexers claim 2 , and ...

VIRTUAL OPTICAL NETWORK PROVISIONING BASED ON MAPPING CHOICES AND PATTERNS

Virtual optical network (VON) provisioning using implicit encoding of mapping constraints may include evaluating mapping choices to exclude certain mapping patterns before evaluating the mapping patterns. For each virtual node in a VON request, candidate physical nodes may be assigned and evaluated for compliance with constraints associated with the VON request. The constraints may be expanded to allow for various selection criteria for the VON request. Multiple VON requests may be simultaneously evaluated to find optimal solutions for the physical network. 1. A method for network provisioning , comprising: [ [ when a mapping choice of the first candidate physical node for the first virtual node enables a valid mapping pattern, including the first candidate physical node as a valid mapping choice for the first virtual node; and', 'when a mapping choice of the first candidate physical node does not enable a valid mapping pattern, eliminating the first candidate physical node as a valid mapping choice for the first virtual node; and, 'based on previously accumulated valid mapping choices, evaluating candidate physical nodes for the first virtual node, including a first candidate physical node, for incorporation into the valid mapping patterns, wherein the evaluating includes, 'accumulating the valid mapping choices from each of the candidate physical nodes for the first virtual node;, 'for each of the virtual nodes specified in the first VON request, including a first virtual node, 'accumulating the valid mapping choices, respectively, for each of the virtual nodes; and', 'evaluating the valid mapping choices to identify the valid mapping patterns., 'responsive to receiving a first virtual optical network (VON) request specifying constraints on a physical optical network, applying a search to search a space of virtual node to physical node partial mapping patterns to identify valid mapping patterns that satisfy the first VON request, the search including2. The method ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPTICAL CONNECTION VALIDATION IN A RECONFIGURABLE OPTICAL ADD-DROP MULTIPLEXER (ROADM) NODE

A method of validating connections in an optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) that includes a plurality of modules configured to route optical signals through the OADM, and at least one multi-fiber cable connecting modules of the OADM. A light source coupled to a first port of a first module is controlled to emit a test light. A determination is made whether or not the test light is received at a first photo-detector connected to a second port. Continuity of a connection between the first port and the second port is validated when the test light is received at the first photo-detector. 1. A method of validating connections in an optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) comprising a plurality of modules configured to route optical signals through the OADM , and at least one multi-fiber cable connecting modules of the OADM , the method comprising:controlling a light source connected to a first port of a first module to emit a test light;determining whether or not the test light is received at a first photo-detector connected to a second port;validating a continuity of a connection between the first port and the isecond port when the test light is received at the first photo-detector.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light source comprises an optical amplifier claim 1 , and wherein controlling the light source comprises driving the amplifier to emit Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) light as the test signal.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the optical amplifier is an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA).4. The method as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising filtering the ASE light to generate a narrow-band test signal having a predetermined wavelength.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light source comprises a dedicated optical emitter and wherein controlling the light source comprises controlling the dedicated optical emitter to emit the test signal.6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first module is a Multi-Cast ...

NETWORK SWITCH EMPLOYING ONE OR MORE MULTI-ENDPOINT OPTICAL TRANSCEIVERS

We disclose a network switch having one or more multi-endpoint (MEP) optical transceivers configured to provide an interface for optical data transport through the corresponding network. The use of MEP optical transceivers advantageously enables the network switch to be compatible with multiple network topologies. As a result, various embodiments of the disclosed network switch may be used to provide a builder and/or an operator of the corresponding network with a great deal of flexibility in choosing a network topology and/or degree of redundancy better suitable for the network's intended purpose and/or application without having to change some of the underlying hardware. 1. An apparatus comprising:an electronic switch having a plurality of first electrical ports and a plurality of second electrical ports and configured to direct data between any of the first electrical ports and any of the second electrical ports; anda plurality of optical transceivers, each having an electrical port connected to a respective one of the second electrical ports of the electronic switch and configured to provide an interface for optical transport of data corresponding to the respective one of the second electrical ports; andwherein the plurality of optical transceivers comprises one or more multiple-endpoint (MEP) optical transceivers, each having a respective first optical port and a respective second optical port and configurable to transport the data corresponding to the respective one of the second electrical ports through a selected one of the respective first optical port and the respective second optical port.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of optical transceivers comprises two or more MEP optical transceivers.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the one or more MEP optical transceivers comprise respective dual-endpoint (DEP) optical transceivers.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the MEP optical transceivers is configured to: ...

Photonic switches, photonic switching fabrics and methods for data centers

Data center interconnections, which encompass WSCs as well as traditional data centers, have become both a bottleneck and a cost/power issue for cloud computing providers, cloud service providers and the users of the cloud generally. Fiber optic technologies already play critical roles in data center operations and will increasingly in the future. The goal is to move data as fast as possible with the lowest latency with the lowest cost and the smallest space consumption on the server blade and throughout the network. Accordingly, it would be beneficial for new fiber optic interconnection architectures to address the traditional hierarchal time-division multiplexed (TDM) routing and interconnection and provide reduced latency, increased flexibility, lower cost, lower power consumption, and provide interconnections exploiting scalable optical modular optically switched interconnection network as well as temporospatial switching fabrics allowing switching speeds below the slowest switching element within the switching fabric.

An Optical Wavelength Selective Switch, an Optical Network Node, an Optical Network and Methods Therein

A method in an optical Wavelength Selective Switch, WSS, for multidirectional switching of optical signals. The optical WSS comprises a reflective element, a first tributary port and a second tributary port. The optical WSS switches ( 304 ) an optical signal between the first tributary port and the second tributary port with the reflective element.

CONFIGURABLE CLOS NETWORK

A configurable Clos network includes leafs and spines and a switch fabric that connects the leafs and the spines. The switch fabric couples each leaf port of each leaf to at least one spine port of each spine. 1. A reconfigurable Clos network , comprising:a plurality of spines, each of the spines having a plurality of spine ports;a plurality of leafs, each of the leafs having a plurality of leaf ports; and 'a programmable circuit switch, the circuit switch between the spine ports and the leaf ports, the circuit switch comprising:', 'a plurality of interconnects connecting the spines and the leafs, each of the interconnects comprising a plurality of spine outputs;', 'a plurality of leaf inputs;', 'a plurality of leaf outputs, wherein the circuit switch operates to transport data between the spine ports and the leaf ports., 'a plurality of spine inputs;'}2. The configurable Clos network of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of leaf connectors claim 1 , each of the leaf connectors coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of leafs claim 1 , wherein each leaf is coupled to each of the interconnects claim 1 , and wherein each of the interconnects is coupled to each of the spines.3. The reconfigurable Clos network of claim 1 , wherein the circuit switch comprises an electrical switch.4. The reconfigurable Clos network of claim 1 , wherein the circuit switch comprises an optical switch claim 1 , and wherein the optical switch comprises two-sided moveable mirrors.5. The reconfigurable Clos network of claim 4 , wherein in a first position claim 4 , a movable two-sided mirror directs a first signal from a leaf output to a spine input and a second signal from a spine output to a leaf input.6. The reconfigurable Clos network of claim 5 , wherein:a number of leaf ports is less that a number of leafs and a number of spines equals the number of leafs.7. The reconfigurable Clos network of claim 6 , wherein the circuit switch couples each of the ports of each of the ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DECOUPLED OPTICAL NETWORK LINK TRAVERSAL

Methods and systems are disclosed for optical network link traversal, including a method comprising the steps of receiving, by a traverser software module for an optical network, from a first node in a network link defining a path in the optical network, one or more node sets indicative of one or more of a second node also in the network link; determining, with the traverser software module, an order of traversal of the one or more node sets; traversing the network link using the determined order of traversal; communicating, by the traverser software module, information with a feature manager software module for a first software feature, the first software feature configured to perform a function specific to a specific node; and triggering, by the feature manager software module, the first software feature to execute one or more computer executable instruction based on information from the traverser software module. 1. A link traversal method , comprising the steps of:receiving, by a traverser software module for an optical network, from a first node in a network link defining a path in the optical network, one or more node sets indicative of one or more of a second node also in the network link defining the path in the optical network;determining, with the traverser software module, an order of traversal of the one or more node sets in the network link defining the path in the optical network;traversing the network link, including the first node and the one or more second node, using the determined order of traversal;communicating, by the traverser software module, information with a feature manager software module for a first software feature, the first software feature configured to perform a function specific to a specific node; andtriggering, by the feature manager software module, the first software feature to execute one or more computer executable instruction based on information from the traverser software module.2. The link traversal method of claim 1 , ...

Bus-based optical network system

A bus-based optical network system comprising optical fibers, optical line terminals (OLTs), and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) is revealed. The OLT consists of the near part (OLTN) and the far part (OLTF). Optical fibers respectively form the transmitting and receiver buses (T Bus and R Bus) with the technique of time-division multiple access (TDMA). The slot flows on both buses are in opposite directions. The OLTN performing traffic control is situated in or near a central office (CO) while the OLTF is far from the CO. ONUs, whose MAC performs traffic control, connect with two buses and share their bandwidth. The MAC with traffic control keeps the performance of the network from degradation. The required numbers of COs and optical fibers for establishing the bus-based network are so smaller that the cost of the network can be significantly reduced.

Method and system for media channel format set management in optical transport networks

A set of media channel (MCh) widths are determined to be used in an optical network. Based on the topology of the network, a first set of MCh widths are computed for tentative use in said optical network, said first set of MCh width defining a target spectral efficiency. A reduced set of MCh widths are generated from said first set of MCh widths by mapping each of the original MCh widths of said first set to a corresponding new MCh width, which is identical with or larger than the original MCh width. An optimization algorithm is used that penalizes MCh widths that are more likely to cause fragmentation problems in the spectrum, and penalizes a decrease in spectral width due to the mapping of an original MCh width of said first set to a new, larger width.

OPTOELECTRONIC SWITCH

An L-dimensional optoelectronic switch for transferring an optical signal from an input device to an output device, the optoelectronic switch includes: a plurality of leaf switches, each having a radix R, and arranged in an L-dimensional array, in which each dimension has a respective size R, (1=1, 2, . . . , L), each leaf switch having an associated L-tuple of co-ordinates (x, . . . , x) giving its location with respect to each of the L dimensions; wherein each leaf switch is a member of L sub-arrays, each of the L sub-arrays associated with a different one of the L dimensions, and including: a plurality of Rleaf switches, whose co-ordinates differ only in respect of the idimension, each leaf switch having C client ports for connecting to an input device or an output device, and F fabric ports for connecting to spine switches; a plurality of Sspine switches, each having R fabric ports for connecting to the fabric ports of the leaf switches, and wherein, in a given sub-array each leaf switch in the sub-array is connected to each spine switch via an optical active switch. 1. An L-dimensional optoelectronic switch for transferring an optical signal from an input device to an output device , the optoelectronic switch including:{'sub': R', 'L', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'L', 'L', '1', '1', 'L', 'L', 'L, 'a plurality of leaf switches, each having a radix R, and arranged in an L-dimensional array, in which each dimension ihas a respective size RR(i=i=1, 2, . . . , L), each leaf switch having an associated L-tuple of co-ordinates (xx, . . . , xx) giving its location with respect to each of the Ldimensions;'}{'sub': L', 'L, 'claim-text': [{'sub': i', 'i', 'C, 'sup': 'th', 'a plurality of Rleaf switches, whose co-ordinates differ only in respect of the idimension, each leaf switch having Cclient ports for connecting to an input device or an output device, and F fabric ports for connecting to spine switches; and'}, {'sub': 'i', 'a plurality of Sspine switches, each having R fabric ports ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AN OPTICAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK

An optical local area network includes a passive optical distribution fabric interconnecting a plurality of nodes including a first node and a plurality of remaining nodes, a hub that includes the first node and a control module, and a client network adapter coupled to each of the remaining nodes for responding to the control module. The control module controls timing for each of the client network adapters to transmit signals over the passive optical distribution fabric and distribution of signals to each of the nodes. 1. A Local Area Network (LAN) client for a passive optical LAN , the passive optical LAN disposed to having one or more passive optical splitters for coupling the LAN client over one or more optical fibers to the head end of the passive optical LAN , the LAN client for a passive optical LAN comprising of:an optical interface for converting a downstream optical signal on a downstream optical wavelength to a downstream electrical signal and for converting an upstream electrical signal to an upstream optical signal and emitting the upstream optical signal on an upstream optical wavelength;at least one network interface for receiving user data; anda control module electrically coupled to the optical interface and electrically coupled to the at least one network interface and wherein the control module processes the downstream electrical signal having a downstream control and downstream data information to recover an upstream bandwidth allocation from the downstream control information and wherein the control module receives user data from the at least one network interface and the control module responsive to the upstream bandwidth allocation generates the upstream electrical signal having upstream control and upstream data information and wherein at least a portion of the user data is included in the upstream data information,whereby the LAN client for a passive optical LAN communicates user data upstream responsive to an upstream bandwidth allocation.2 ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL SIGNAL CONTROL USING FILTER IN MULTICASTING RING NETWORK NODE AND PROTECTION SWITCHING IN OPTICAL MULTIPLEX SECTION

A method and apparatus for optical signal control using a filter in a multicasting ring network node and protection switching in an optical multiplex section is disclosed, in which a multicasting ring network node extracts or passes a wavelength from a node requiring optical signal wavelength extraction, transmits the passed optical signal to a neighboring node through control as necessary, and readily performs protection switching on an optical multiplex section signal. 1. An apparatus for operating traffic signals , the apparatus comprising:a first signal line configured to transmit first optical signals of a plurality of channels;a second signal line configured to transmit second optical signals of a plurality of channels;a multiplexer configured to multiplex and output a plurality of optical signals as third optical signals;a distributor configured to distribute the third optical signals to the first signal line and the second signal line;a first optical coupler configured to couple the third optical signals to the first optical signals transmitted through the first signal line;a second optical coupler configured to couple the third optical signals to the second optical signals transmitted through the second signal line;a first optical divider configured to extract at least a portion of the first optical signals transmitted through the first signal line;a second optical divider configured to extract at least a portion of the second optical signals transmitted through the second signal line;a first filter configured to cut off at least a portion of the first optical signals transmitted through the first signal line; anda second filter configured to cut off at least a portion of the second optical signals transmitted through the second signal line.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a first optical amplifier configured to amplify an optical signal received from the first optical coupler; anda second optical amplifier configured to amplify an optical ...

CONFIGURABLE MULTI-RATE FORMAT FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SILICON PHOTONICS

In an example, the present invention includes an integrated system on chip device. The device has a data input/output interface provided on the substrate member and configured for a predefined data rate and protocol. In an example, the data input/output interface is configured for number of lanes numbered from four to one hundred and fifty. In an example, the SerDes block is configured to convert a first data stream of N into a second data stream of M such that each of the first data stream having a first predefined data rate at a first clock rate and each of the second data stream having a second predefined data rate at a second clock rate. 1. A device comprising:a substrate member;a data input/output interface provided on the substrate member and configured for a predefined data rate and protocol;an input/output block provided on the substrate member and coupled to the data input/output interface, the input/output block comprising a SerDes block configured to convert N first data streams into M second data streams, each of the first data streams having a first predefined data rate at a first clock rate and each of the second data streams having a second predefined data rate at a second clock rate;a signal processing block provided on the substrate member and coupled to the input/output block, the signal processing block configured to the input/output block , wherein the signal processing block executes a wavelength divisional scheme to produce a data packet modulated with a multi-channel-multi-bitrate;a driver module provided on the substrate member and coupled to the signal processing block, the driver module coupled to the signal processing blocking ;a driver interface provided on the substrate member and coupled to the driver module and configured to be coupled to a silicon photonics device , the driver interface being configured to transmit output data in either an amplitude modulation format or a combination of phase/amplitude modulation format or a phase ...

RING NETWORK INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE SUBTENDING RING ORIGINATING AND TERMINATING AT A CENTRAL-OFFICE NODE

In a WDM optical communication system that includes a plurality of nodes interconnected by communication links, a node is provided which includes an optical coupling arrangement having at least one input port for receiving a WDM signal and a plurality of output ports for selectively receiving one or more wavelength components of the WDM optical signal. The optical coupling arrangement is adaptable to reconfigure its operational state to (i) selectively direct any one of the wavelength components received on the input port to any of the output ports independently of any other of the wavelength components and (ii) selectively direct any combination of two or more of the wavelength components from the input port to at least two of the output ports that serve as WDM output ports. At least one optical WDM interface is optically coupled to a first of the WDM output ports. The optical WDM interface is adapted to receive, at different times, a transponder and a transmission link through which a WDM signal can be communicated. At least one transponder is coupled to a second of the WDM output ports. 14-. (canceled)5. A ring network , comprising:a plurality of nodes connected by optical fiber in sequence along a looped transmission path, the plurality of nodes including a central-office node; anda first subtending ring that originates and terminates at the central-office node, the first subtending ring configured to aggregate first local traffic via a first plurality of network nodes disposed along the first subtending ring and couple the first local traffic onto the transmission path without converting the first local traffic to or from an electrical signal.6. The ring network of claim 5 , the central-office node including a first reconfigurable switch configured to direct light at a first selectable channel wavelength from the looped transmission path to the first subtending ring claim 5 , so that the first subtending ring originates at the first reconfigurable switch.7. The ...

Systems and methods of communicating path status in optical networks

The present disclosure may include a method to be performed by an electronic device in an optical network. The method may include generating a message associated with a slot and at least one connection identification (ID) corresponding to the slot. The message may include a slot counter region configured to identify the slot, a request region configured to activate a protect path utilizing the slot, a connection ID counter region configured to identify the at least one connection ID, and a status region configured to convey status of the at least one connection ID corresponding to the slot. The method may also include transmitting the message to other electronic devices in the optical network. The disclosure also includes associated systems and apparatuses.

Pcie lane aggregation over a high speed link

A method of operating a computer network system configured with disaggregated inputs/outputs. This system can be configured in a leaf-spine architecture and include a router coupled to a network source, a plurality of core switches coupled to the router, a plurality of aggregator switches coupled to each of the plurality of core switches, and a plurality of rack modules coupled to each of the plurality of aggregator switches. Each of rack modules can include an I/O appliance with a downstream aggregator module, a plurality of server devices each with PCIe interfaces, and an upstream aggregator module that aggregates each of the PCIe interfaces. A high-speed link can be configured between the downstream and upstream aggregator modules via aggregation of many serial lanes to provide reliable high speed bit stream transport over long distances, which allows for better utilization of resources and scalability of memory capacity independent of the server count.

DATA CENTER PACKET OPTICAL TRANSPORT FAILURE PROTECTION

In response to a connectivity disruption in an underlying optical transport ring supporting a routing and packet switching topology, one or more of optical devices of the optical transport ring are modified to establish connectivity between spine nodes in different data centers to reroute communication between at least a subset of the leaf network devices so as to traverse an inter-spine route via the optical modified optical transport ring. That is, in response to a connectivity disruption in a portion of underlying optical transport ring, one or more optical devices within the optical transport ring are modified such that packets between at least a portion of the leaf devices are rerouted along optical paths between at least two of the spine network devices. 1. A method comprising:in a distributed data center system in which a first set of leaf network devices of a first data center communicate with a second set of leaf network devices of a second data center via a single one of a first spine network device of the first data center or a second spine network device of the second data center, determining that connectivity, through a first optical path of an optical transport ring, between the first spine network device of the first data center and at least one leaf network device of the second set of leaf network devices of the second data center is disrupted, wherein the optical transport ring provides the first optical path for transporting packets from the first spine network device of the first data center to the at least one leaf network device of the second data center prior to disruption, and wherein the first optical path in unavailable after disruption;in response to the connectivity disruption, configuring one or more packet-optical transport devices of the optical transport ring to establish direct connectivity between the first spine network device and the second spine network device to reroute packets to be transmitted, via the first optical path, to ...

Networking device with orthogonal switch bars

A networking device with orthogonal switch bars may be provided. The networking device may comprise a first plurality of switch bars comprising leaf switches arranged parallel to one another. In addition, the networking device may comprise a second plurality of switch bars comprising top of pod switches arranged parallel to one another. Furthermore, the networking device may comprise a third plurality of switch bars comprising top of fabric switches arranged parallel to one another. The first plurality of switch bars, the second plurality of switch bars, and the third plurality of switch bars may be arranged mutually orthogonally. The first plurality of switch bars may be adjacent to and connected to the second plurality of switch bars and the second plurality of switch bars may be adjacent to and connected to the third plurality of switch bars.

Optical burst switched network nodes

An optical node includes a wavelength splitter configured to split optical signals comprising multiple optical wavelengths into separate outputs, with each of the separate outputs having a different wavelength. The optical node further includes a detector configured to detect optical signals associated with packets at each of the separate outputs, and determine a modulation applied to the optical signals at each of the separate outputs. The optical node also includes a processing unit configured to identify destination optical nodes for the packets based on the determined modulation.

CONFIGURING A COMPUTER NETWORK TO SATISFY MULTICAST DISPERSION AND LATENCY REQUIREMENTS USING AFFINITY AND NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

Systems and methods of affinity modeling in data center networks that allow bandwidth to be efficiently allocated within the data center networks, while reducing the physical interconnectivity requirements of the data center networks. Such systems and methods of affinity modeling in data center networks further allow computing resources within the data center networks to be controlled and provisioned based at least in part on the network topology and an application component topology, thereby enhancing overall application program performance. Using an affinity topology describing requirements for communications between applications and a network topology, network nodes are configured to satisfy multicast dispersion and latency requirements associated with communications between applications. 1. A method for configuring a computer network having a plurality of network elements , the network elements including a plurality of nodes interconnected by network links , the method comprising:obtaining a network topology specifying a topology of the network elements and interconnections of the network elements by the network links;obtaining an affinity topology including a multicast dispersion descriptor requirement specifying a maximum acceptable difference in arrival times of a multicast message transmitted by a first affinity element at at least two destination affinity elements;computing an affinity-network topology that represents a logical combination of the network topology and the affinity topology that satisfies the multicast dispersion descriptor requirement; andconfiguring the plurality of nodes in accordance with the computed affinity-network topology so that the multicast message transmitted by the first affinity element is received by the at least two destination affinity elements in satisfaction of the multicast dispersion descriptor requirement.2. The method of wherein the step of configuring the plurality of nodes comprises the step of configuring optical ...

OPTICAL TRANSMITTAL STORAGE NETWORKS

Optical networks may store information or data therein by maintaining the information or data in motion. The optical networks may include optical fiber rings configured to receive optical signals comprising the information or data and to circulate the optical signals within the optical fiber rings. The optical signals and the information or data may be transferred out of the optical fiber rings in order to amplify the optical signals (e.g., to overcome losses due to attenuation within the optical fiber rings), to analyze the optical signals according to one or more processing techniques, or to transfer the information or data to another computer device upon request. If continued storage of the information or data is required, an optical signal including the information or data may be transferred back into the optical fiber rings and may continue to circulate therein. 120-. (canceled)21. A storage system comprising: a first optical transmitter;', 'a second optical transmitter;', 'a multiplexer;', 'a first optical switch;', 'a second optical switch;', 'at least one optical fiber ring extending in parallel between the first optical switch and the second optical switch;', 'a first optical receiver;', 'at least a first computer device comprising at least one memory component and at least one computer processor; and, 'at least one transmittal storage node comprising receive, by the first optical transmitter, a first electrical signal comprising a first set of data from a data source;', 'convert, by the first optical transmitter, the first electrical signal into a first optical signal comprising at least some of the first set of data;', 'transmit the first optical signal comprising the at least some of the first set of data from the first optical transmitter to the multiplexer;', 'transfer the first optical signal from the multiplexer to the first optical switch;', 'transfer, by the first optical switch, the first optical signal into the at least one optical fiber ring at ...

METHOD FOR CALCULATING SPECTRUM TIMING CHANNEL, PATH CALCULATING ELEMENT AND NODE

A method for computing a frequency slot channel, a path computation element and a node are disclosed. The method includes: when a frequency slot channel needs to be established, an ingress node sending to a path computation element a path computation request message which carries spectrum resource information needed for establishing the frequency slot channel; according to the received spectrum resource information sent by the ingress node, the path computation element computing out the frequency slot channel by combining of topology information of a network and spectrum resource information of each node in the network. The path computation element includes a receiving module and a computing module. When working as an ingress node in a process of establishing a frequency slot channel, the node includes a message construction module and a sending module. 1. A method for computing a frequency slot channel , comprising:when a frequency slot channel needs to be established, an ingress node sending to a path computation element a path computation request message which carries spectrum resource information needed for establishing the frequency slot channel;according to the received spectrum resource information sent by the ingress node, the path computation element computing out the frequency slot channel by combining of topology information of a network and spectrum resource information of each node in the network.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the method further comprises:after computing the frequency slot channel, the path computation element notifying the ingress node of information of the frequency slot channel.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , the step of the path computation element notifying the ingress node of the information of the frequency slot channel comprises:the path computation element sending the ingress node a path computation reply message which carries the information of the frequency slot channel.4. The method of claim 1 , ...

Flat, highly connected optical network for data center switch connectivity

An optical reshuffler system for implementing a flat, highly connected optical network for data center and High-Performance Computing applications includes a first optical reshuffler having a plurality of ports each configured to optically connect to a corresponding switch and having internal connectivity which optically connect each of the plurality of ports internal to the first optical reshuffler such that each port connects to one other port for switch interconnection, wherein the internal connectivity in the first optical reshuffler and ports follow rules by which subtending switches are added to corresponding ports provide a topology for the flat, highly connected optical network. 1. An optical reshuffler system for implementing a flat , highly connected optical network for data center and High-Performance Computing applications , the optical reshuffler system comprising:a first optical reshuffler having a plurality of ports each configured to optically connect to a corresponding switch and having internal connectivity which optically connect each of the plurality of ports internal to the first optical reshuffler such that each port connects to one other port for switch interconnection,wherein the internal connectivity in the first optical reshuffler and ports follow rules by which subtending switches are added to corresponding ports to provide a topology for the flat, highly connected optical network.2. The optical reshuffler system of claim 1 , further comprisinga second optical reshuffler having a second plurality of ports each configured to optically connect to a corresponding switch and having second internal connectivity which optically connect each of the plurality of ports internal to the second optical reshuffler such that each port connects to one other port for switch interconnection,wherein the second internal connectivity in the first optical reshuffler and ports follow rules by which subtending switches are added to corresponding ports provide a ...

Optical Networking With Hybrid Optical Vortices

Concepts and technologies directed to optical networking with hybrid optical vortices are disclosed herein. Embodiments can include a system that is configured to perform operations for optical networking with hybrid optical vortices. The system can include a hybrid optical switch that can communicatively couple with another network device via one or more nanofiber communication paths. The operations can include receiving, from a first nanofiber communication path, a hybrid optical vortex that carries an internet protocol packet. The operations also can include decoupling the hybrid optical vortex to extract an optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. The operations also can include switching the internet protocol packet to a subsequent communication path based on the optical vortex that encapsulates the internet protocol packet. 1. A system comprising:a processor; and receiving, from a first nanofiber communication path, a hybrid optical vortex that carries a data packet,', 'decoupling the hybrid optical vortex to extract an optical vortex that encapsulates the data packet,', 'determining that the data packet of the optical vortex corresponds to an optical vortex checksum, and', 'verifying that the first nanofiber communication path is operational based on the optical vortex checksum., 'a memory that stores computer-executable instructions that, in response to execution by the processor, cause the system to perform operations comprising'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise switching the data packet to a subsequent communication path based on the optical vortex that encapsulates the data packet.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first nanofiber communication path comprises a plurality of nanofiber optical threads claim 1 , and wherein each of the plurality of nanofiber optical threads comprises a topological insulator.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the hybrid optical vortex comprises an electron that is ...

WDM Single Fiber Ring Protection

A node () for a single fiber bidirectional WDM optical ring network has a first optical protection switch () having first and second ports for coupling to the single fiber bidirectional ring, while providing a pass through optical path for wavelengths on the bidirectional ring. A further port is coupled to an external optical path. In operation the switch couples optically bidirectional selected wavelengths between the external optical path and either of the first and second ports selectively, according to an indication of a fault on the ring, so as to use different portions of the bidirectional ring respectively as working path and protection path. This combines coupling wavelengths with the ring, with the selection of protection or working path, which simplifies the optical equipment, and upstream and downstream optical delays can be symmetrical. 115.-. (canceled)16. A node for a single fiber bidirectional WDM optical ring network , the node having:a first optical protection switch having first and second ports for coupling to respective first and second adjacent portions of the single fiber bidirectional ring, while providing a pass through optical path for wavelengths on the bidirectional ring to pass between the first and second adjacent portions,the first optical protection switch also having a further port for coupling to an external optical path, external to the bidirectional ring,the first optical protection switch having a control input for receiving an indication of fault in the bidirectional ring, andthe optical protection switch being operable to couple optically bidirectional selected wavelengths between the external optical path and either of the first and second ports selectively, according to the indication of a fault, so as to use the first and second adjacent portions of the bidirectional ring respectively as a working path and a protection path for the bidirectional selected wavelengths, and so as to maintain the same optical path on the ...

Methods for Providing Flammability Protection for Plastic Optical Fiber

Methods for providing flammability protection for plastic optical fiber (POF) embedded inside avionics line replaceable units (LRUs) or other equipment used in airborne vehicles such as commercial or fighter aircrafts. A thin and flexible flammability protection tube is placed around the POF. In one proposed implementation, a very thin (100 to 250 microns in wall thickness) polyimide tube is placed outside and around the POF cable embedded inside an LRU or other equipment. The thin-walled polyimide tube does not diminish the flexibility of the POF cable.

OPTICAL SUBMARINE BRANCHING APPARATUS, OPTICAL SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEM, SWITCHING METHOD, AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM

An optical submarine branching apparatus includes a first, second, and third switching unit. The first switching unit is connected to N first, second, and third optical fiber transmission lines connected to a first, second and third terminal stations, respectively, and switches a transmission route for a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal. The second switching unit is interposed on the N first optical fiber transmission lines between the first terminal station and the first switching unit, and switches a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the second switching unit is interposed. The third switching unit is interposed on the N second optical fiber transmission lines between the second terminal station and the first switching unit, and switches a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the third switching unit is interposed. 1. An optical submarine branching apparatus comprising:a first switching unit connected to N first optical fiber transmission lines connected to a first terminal station, N second optical fiber transmission lines connected to a second terminal station, and a third optical fiber transmission line connected to a third terminal station, where N is an integer equal to or greater than two, the first switching unit being configured to switch a transmission route for a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal;a second switching unit interposed on the N first optical fiber transmission lines between the first terminal station and the first switching unit, the second switching unit being configured to switch a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the second switching unit is interposed;a third switching unit interposed on the N second optical fiber transmission lines between the second terminal station and the first switching unit, the third switching unit being configured to switch a connection relation between in front of and behind a place where the third switching unit ...

Optical Module and Network Device

An optical module includes a first multiplexer/demultiplexer and an optical receiver. The first multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to receive a first optical signal from the second network device, separate a second optical signal having a first wavelength from the first optical signal, and transfer the second optical signal to the optical receiver. The first multiplexer/demultiplexer is further configured to transfer a third optical signal that is separated from the first optical signal and that has a wavelength other than the first wavelength to the third network device. The optical receiver is configured to receive the second optical signal. 1. An access ring network , comprising:a first network device implemented as an access point and comprising an optical module:a second network device optically coupled to the first network device: anda third network device optically coupled to the first network device, [ receive a first optical signal from the second network device;', 'separate a second optical signal from the first optical signal, wherein the second optical signal has a first wavelength;', 'transfer the second optical signal;', 'separate a third optical signal from the first optical signal, wherein the third optical signal has a wavelength other than the first wavelength; and', 'transfer the third optical signal to the third network device;, 'a first multiplexer/demultiplexer configured to, 'an optical receiver coupled to the first multiplexer/demultiplexer and configured to receive the second optical signal from the first multiplexer/demultiplexer, wherein an operating wavelength of the optical receiver is the first wavelength; and', receive a fourth optical signal comprising the first wavelength;', 'receive a fifth optical signal from the third network device;', 'combine the fourth optical signal and the fifth optical signal into a sixth optical signal; and', 'send the sixth optical a to the second network device., 'a second multiplexer/demultiplexer ...

SCALABLE HYBRID PACKET/CIRCUIT SWITCHING NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

Systems and methods for packet switching in a network, including two or more hybrid packet/circuit switching network architectures configured to connect two or more core level switches in the network architectures, the network architectures being controlled and managed using a centralized software defined network (SDN) control plane. An optical ring network may be configured to interconnect the two or more hybrid network architectures, and one or more hybrid electrical/optical packet/circuit switches configured to perform switching and traffic aggregation. One or more high-speed optical interfaces and one or more low-speed electrical/optical interfaces may be configured to transmit data. 1. A system for packet switching in a network , comprising:two or more hybrid packet/circuit switching network architectures configured to connect two or more core level switches in the network architectures, the network architectures being controlled and managed using a centralized software defined network (SDN) control plane;an optical ring network configured to interconnect the two or more hybrid network architectures;one or more hybrid electrical/optical packet/circuit switches configured to perform switching and traffic aggregation; andone or more high-speed optical interfaces and one or more low-speed electrical/optical interfaces configured to transmit data.2. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the hybrid network includes Fat-Tree and Torus network architectures.3. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the core level switches in the network architectures are connected using a Torus topology.4. The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the hybrid switches include hybrid electrical/optical switching fabric claim 1 , and the two fabric types are connected by a predetermined number of Optical/Electrical/Optical (O/E/O) interfaces claim 1 ,wherein the electrical switching fabric provides fast, packet granularity switching and/or aggregation capabilities and the ...

Method and Device for Bandwidth Assignment of Optical Burst Ring

The disclosure provides a method for bandwidth assignment of an Optical Burst Ring (OBRing), which includes that: a master node acquires current bandwidth resources, and excludes bandwidth resources occupied by over-the-master-node connections from the current bandwidth resources to obtain bandwidth resources to be assigned; and the master node assigns the bandwidth resources to be assigned to each node according to bandwidth requests of each node in the OBRing. The disclosure also provides a device for bandwidth assignment of an OBRing. According to embodiments of the disclosure, the bandwidth resources occupied by the over-the-master-node connections are excluded before bandwidth assignment is started, so that the problem of receiving conflict caused by an over-the-master-node service data connection is solved.

PCIE LANE AGGREGATION OVER A HIGH SPEED LINK

A method of operating a computer network system configured with disaggregated inputs/outputs. This system can be configured in a leaf-spine architecture and include a router coupled to a network source, a plurality of core switches coupled to the router, a plurality of aggregator switches coupled to each of the plurality of core switches, and a plurality of rack modules coupled to each of the plurality of aggregator switches. Each of rack modules can include an I/O appliance with a downstream aggregator module, a plurality of server devices each with PCIe interfaces, and an upstream aggregator module that aggregates each of the PCIe interfaces. A high-speed link can be configured between the downstream and upstream aggregator modules via aggregation of many serial lanes to provide reliable high speed bit stream transport over long distances, which allows for better utilization of resources and scalability of memory capacity independent of the server count. 1. A computer network system comprising:an I/O appliance having a downstream aggregating silicon photonics device provided on each of a plurality of optical ports numbered from 1 to N; anda plurality of server devices coupled to the I/O appliance, each of the server devices comprising a PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) interface, and an upstream aggregating silicon photonics device coupled to the plurality of server devices and aggregating each of the PCIe interfaces.2. The system of further comprising a twisted pair configured between the PCIe interfaces and the upstream aggregating silicon photonics device.3. The system of wherein the downstream aggregating silicon photonics device and the upstream aggregating silicon photonics device are configured in a 1-to-1 mapping.4. The system of wherein a high-speed link is configured between the downstream aggregating silicon photonics device and the upstream aggregating silicon photonics device.5. The system of further comprising a pair of optical ...

OPTICALLY-SWITCHED DATA NETWORK

An optically-switch data network includes an optical data bus, an optical wavelength bus, and multiple nodes connected by the optical data bus and the optical wavelength bus. A first node determines that it has communication information to transmit to a second node, and determines if a first subscription signal is present on the optical wavelength bus. The first subscription signal includes a target frequency. If the first subscription signal is not present on the optical wavelength bus, the first node injects an optical communication signal onto the optical data bus. The optical communication signal includes the communication information and a carrier wave. The carrier wave includes the target frequency. The second node receives the optical communication signal using the optical data bus. If the first subscription signal is present on the optical wavelength bus, injection of the optical communication signal onto the optical data bus is postponed. 1. An apparatus comprising:a first node input to receive a first optical waveform;a first optical source to output a carrier waveform, the first optical source being coupled to the first node input; anda signal processing module coupled to the first node input;wherein:the signal processing module is configured to determine if the first optical waveform comprises a first subscription signal, the first subscription signal comprising a target frequency for transmission;if it is determined that the first optical waveform does not comprise the first subscription signal, the first optical source is configured to output the carrier waveform, the carrier waveform comprising the target frequency; andif it is determined that the first optical waveform comprises the first subscription signal, the first optical source is configured to postpone outputting the carrier waveform comprising the target frequency.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the first node input comprises a first optical tuning module; andthe first optical tuning ...

SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR ROUTING DATA

Provided herein are methods and systems for routing data. One embodiment comprises a filter mask and route determination logic. The filter mask is operable to produce a filter value from the data. Then, the route determination logic may determine where the data is to be accepted or rejected based on rules associated with the filter value. Accepted data is prioritized and associated with a particular path in a plurality of paths. 118-. (canceled)19. A system for routing data , the system comprising:a filter mask operable to produce a filter value from the data; androute determination logic operable to accept or reject the data according to rules associated with the filter value, wherein accepted data is prioritized and associated with a particular path in a plurality of paths.2022-. (canceled)23. The system of claim 19 , wherein the data is a frame.24. The system of claim 19 , wherein the plurality of paths comprises loops.25. The system of claim 19 , wherein the data is routed according to a predefined rule.26. The system of claim 19 , wherein the data is rejected according to predefined rule.27. The system of claim 19 , wherein the data is grouped according to priority.28. The system of claim 19 , wherein the filter mask is applied to the data by a processor.29. The system of claim 19 , wherein the route determination logic is associated with instructions for a processor.30. The system of claim 19 , wherein the system is operably connected to a DMA control module.31. The system of claim 19 , wherein each path in the plurality of paths is associated with a different priority.32. A method for routing data claim 19 , the method comprising:applying a filter mask to the data to produce a filter value; anddetermining to accept or reject the data according to rules associated with the filter value, wherein accepted data is prioritized and associated with a particular path in a plurality of paths.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the data is a frame.34. The method of ...

CROSS-CONNECT USING ETHERNET MULTIPLEXORS FOR A SIMPLE METRO ETHERNET NETWORK

A metro area network is provided that includes edge and core multiplexors each having a plurality of line ports and one or more uplink ports, a transport network carrying multiplexed traffic between the edge and core multiplexors. In a hard cross connect implementation utilizing source port tagging, a cross-connect device coupled to the core multiplexors provisions or maps communications path between the core multiplexors thereby providing preselected connectivity/mapping of two or more line ports of any of the edge multiplexors. In a soft cross connect implementation utilizing destination port tagging, a cross-connect device includes additional cross-connect multiplexors and functionality to control the destination port tagging performed in the edge, core and cross connect multiplexors thereby provisioning or mapping the desired communications path(s) between various endpoints. 15-. (canceled)6. A communication network comprising:a plurality of edge multiplexors, each edge multiplexor having a respective uplink port and a respective plurality of line ports for coupling to a respective plurality of end devices;a transport network coupled to each of the respective uplink ports, the transport network being configured to carry data packets generated by the plurality of end devices;a plurality of core multiplexors, each core multiplexor having a respective uplink port and a respective plurality of line ports, the respective plurality of line ports having a one-to-one line port correspondence with a corresponding one of the plurality of edge multiplexors; anda cross-connect coupled to at least two line ports of the plurality of line ports of the core multiplexors to provide a communication path between the at least two line ports of the core multiplexors thereby providing a communication path between at least two line ports of the plurality of line ports of the edge multiplexors.7. The communication network of claim 6 , wherein the cross-connect is implemented in a one ...

OPTOELECTRONIC SWITCH

An L-dimensional optoelectronic switch for transferring an optical signal from an input device to an output device, the optoelectronic switch includes: a plurality of leaf switches, each having a radix R, and arranged in an L-dimensional array, in which each dimension i has a respective size R(i=1, 2, . . . , L), each leaf switch having an associated L-tuple of co-ordinates (x, . . . , x) giving its location with respect to each of the L dimensions; wherein each leaf switch is a member of L sub-arrays, each of the L sub-arrays associated with a different one of the L dimensions, and including: a plurality of Rleaf switches, whose co-ordinates differ only in respect of the idimension, each leaf switch having C client ports for connecting to an input device or an output device, and F fabric ports for connecting to spine switches; a plurality of Sspine switches, each having R fabric ports for connecting to the fabric ports of the leaf switches, and wherein, in a given sub-array each leaf switch in the sub-array is connected to each spine switch via an optical active switch. 1. An L-dimensional optoelectronic switch for transferring an optical signal from an input device to an output device , the optoelectronic switch including:{'sub': i', '1', 'L, 'a plurality of leaf switches, each having a radix R, and arranged in an L-dimensional array, in which each dimension i has a respective size R(i=1, 2, . . . , L), each leaf switch having an associated L-tuple of co-ordinates (x, . . . , x) giving its location with respect to each of the L dimensions;'} [{'sub': 'i', 'sup': 'th', 'a plurality of Rleaf switches, whose co-ordinates differ only in respect of the idimension, each leaf switch having C client ports for connecting to an input device or an output device, and F fabric ports for connecting to spine switches; and'}, {'sub': 'i', 'a plurality of Sspine switches, each having R fabric ports for connecting to the fabric ports of the leaf switches, and'}, 'wherein, in a ...

Bandwidth Map Update Method and Device

A method for bandwidth map update includes: after receiving a bandwidth report carried by a control frame, a master node newly establishing a bandwidth map, newly establishing a resource state table, and setting all resource states in the newly established resource state table to be available; adding a cross-master node transport channel drop allocation structure of the newly established bandwidth map in accordance with a cross-master node transport channel add allocation structure of a bandwidth map to be updated, and updating the resource state table; according to the bandwidth report carried by the control frame, allocating a wavelength and an optical burst timeslot one by one to a current bandwidth request, adding wavelengths and optical burst timeslots to the newly established bandwidth map, generating a new bandwidth map, and updating the resource state table; and distributing the control frame carrying the new bandwidth map to slave nodes hop by hop.

System and Method for Passive Optical Network Communication

In one embodiment, a method for passive optical network (PON) communication includes broadcasting, by an optical line terminal (OLT), a first message including a first start time of a first quiet window and a first allocation identification number (Alloc-ID), where the first Alloc-ID indicates a first supported upstream line rate associated with the first quiet window. The method also includes receiving, by the OLT from a first optical network unit (ONU) during the first quiet window, a first serial number response, wherein a first transmitting upstream line rate of the first ONU is equal to the first supported upstream line rate. 1. (canceled)2. A method for passive optical network (PON) communication , the method comprising:broadcasting, by an optical line terminal (OLT), an allocation structure comprising an allocation identification number (Alloc-ID) field and a start time of a quiet window, with the Alloc-ID field either having a value of 1022 to indicate that ONUs supporting a first upstream line rate may transmit a first serial number response to register with the OLT during the quiet window or having a value of 1023 to indicate that ONUs supporting a second upstream line rate may transmit a second serial number response to register with the OLT during the quiet window, the second upstream line rate being different than the first upstream line rate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first upstream line rate is 10 gigahertz and the second upstream line rate is 2.5 gigahertz.4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:receiving, by the OLT from, a serial number ONU message from a first optical network unit (ONU) during the quiet window according to the first upstream line rate when the Alloc-ID field has a value of 1022.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:receiving, by the OLT from, a serial number ONU message from a first optical network unit (ONU) during the quiet window according to the second upstream line rate when the Alloc-ID field has a ...

HIGH-DATA-RATE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK FOR LEO CONSTELLATIONS

A high data rate distribution network for low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations is described. The high data rate distribution network includes multiple LEO constellations, each constellation including a number of LEO spacecraft orbiting in a LEO plane that are all connected together by by-directional free space optical links. The distribution network further includes geostationary earth orbit (GEO) spacecraft in communication with a number of ground gateways. The GEO spacecraft can receive forward communication traffic including radio-frequency (RF) and/or optical data streams uplinked from the ground gateways and can convert the received forward communication traffic into a forward aggregated traffic. The GEO spacecraft can further optically downlink the forward aggregated traffic to LEO spacecraft in a LEO constellation that is in line of sight of the GEO spacecraft. The forward aggregated traffic is then disaggregated among and received by the LEO spacecraft in the LEO constellation. Return communication traffic from each LEO spacecraft can also be aggregated into a return aggregated traffic from the LEO constellation. The return aggregated traffic is optically uplinked to a GEO spacecraft by a LEO spacecraft of the LEO constellation that is in line of sight of the GEO spacecraft. The GEO spacecraft converts the received return aggregate traffic into multiple RF and/or optical data streams that are down linked to a number of ground gateways. 1. A forward data distribution network for low-earth orbit (LEO) constellations , the data distribution network comprising:a plurality of LEO constellations, each including a plurality of LEO spacecraft orbiting in a LEO plane; and receive forward communication traffic including radio-frequency (RF) data streams uplinked from the plurality of ground gateways;', 'convert the received forward communication traffic into an aggregated forward traffic; and downlink the aggregated forward traffic optically to line of sight ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR VIRTUAL NETWORK TOPOLOGIES AND VPN IN MULTI-LAYER NETWORKS

Systems and methods for a multi-layer network to achieve network resource isolation among clients using the same server network, such as a VPN in a multi-layered network and interaction within the node, may include interaction between a server layer (e.g. L0 Photonic network) and the client layer (e.g. L1 network) that help the client layer (L1) gather information about the server-layer (L0) connection affinities. For example, the use of server layer (L0) connection affinities to construct Virtual Network Topologies (VNT) and/or network abstractions for customer traffic isolations in client layer (L1), the use of VNT to offer physical and/or logical network resource isolation for L1 customers, and provide L1 VPN services in a multi-layer environment. 1. A method comprising:configuring a first optical link in a photonic network, the photonic network configured to transport each of a plurality of optical signals, each of the plurality of optical signals having a respective one of a plurality of wavelengths;assigning a first optical signal of the plurality of optical signals to the first optical link, the first optical signal having a first wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths;assigning the first optical link to a first grouping of optical links of the photonic network;associating the first grouping of optical links with a plurality of switches;associating the first optical signal with the plurality of switches;associating the first grouping of optical links and the first optical signal with a controller of a time division multiplexed network, the time division multiplexed network configured to transport each of a plurality of packets with a digital frame format in a respective one of a plurality of time slots and the controller comprises a memory and a logic circuit configured to communicate with the plurality of switches; andtransmitting the first optical signal over the first optical link.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:assigning the first ...

OPTICAL INTERCONNECTION ASSEMBLY FOR SPINE-AND-LEAF NETWORK SCALE OUT

An optical interconnection assembly for a spine-and-leaf network is disclosed. The optical interconnection assembly has spine MF components and leaf MF components. The spine MF components are optically connected to spine MF components of spine switches via spine patch cords. The leaf MF components are optically connected to leaf MF components of leaf switches via leaf patch cords. An array of duplex fiber optic cables serves to optically connect every spine MF component to every leaf MF component so that every spine switch is optically connected to every leaf switch. The optical interconnection assembly facilitates network scale out without the multifiber connections having to be broken up into multiple duplex connections using duplex fiber optic cables. 1. An optical interconnection assembly for optically connecting one or more spine switches to one or more leaf switches in a spine-and-leaf (S/F) network , comprising:an array of duplex fiber optic cables, wherein each of the duplex fiber optic cables has a first end and a second end, and wherein each duplex optical fiber cable forms a parallel channel having a data rate D;{'sub': L', 'L', 'L, 'a plurality of Mof leaf multi-fiber (MF) components, wherein each of the leaf MF components optically connects to the first ends of certain ones of the duplex fiber optic cables, and wherein each leaf MF component provides Nparallel channels and a bandwidth BW;'}{'sub': S', 'S', 'S, 'a plurality of Mof spine MF components, wherein each of the spine MF components optically connects to the second ends of certain ones of the duplex fiber optic cables, and wherein each spine MF component provides Nparallel channels and a bandwidth BW; and'}{'sub': S', 'L', 'S', 'S', 'L', 'L', 'S', 'L', 'L', 'S, 'wherein the array of duplex fiber optic cables connects every leaf MF component to every spine MF component to define the Nand Nparallel channels, and wherein BW=N·D and BW=N·D so that N/N=M/M.'}2. The optical interconnection assembly ...

Method and Device for Processing Service Crossing Master Node

Provided are a method and device for processing a service crossing the master node, which relate to the communications field, and solve a problem of a resource conflict caused by the service crossing the master node in the OBTN. The method comprises: when assigning a bandwidth for a service requested by each node within the present DBA period, a master node selects a processing strategy; the master node eliminates, according to the selected processing strategy, a resource conflict caused by the service crossing the master node, and assigns a bandwidth to the service requested by each node. The technical solution provided by the present disclosure is applicable to the OBTN, thereby implementing highly reliable OBTN resource scheduling. 1. A method for processing a service crossing a master node , comprising:selecting, by the master node, a processing strategy when assigning a bandwidth for a service requested by each node within a present Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment (DBA) period; andeliminating, by the master node, a resource conflict caused by the service crossing the master node according to the selected processing strategy, and assigning, by the master node, the bandwidth for the service requested by the each node.2. The method for processing the service crossing the master node as claimed in claim 1 , wherein selecting claim 1 , by the master node claim 1 , the processing strategy when assigning the bandwidth for the service requested by the each node within the present DBA period comprises:selecting, by the master node, the processing strategy for the service crossing the master node according to a requirement of a DBA operation, wherein the processing strategy comprises: a retention strategy and/or an elimination strategy.3. The method for processing the service crossing the master node as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a DBA period is M times of a frame period claim 2 , a ring period is N times of the frame period claim 2 , and M is an integral multiple of N or ...

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, CONTROL APPARATUS, CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM

A communication system includes a first control unit configured to change setting of a communication node(s) belonging to a first hierarchical network, in response to a setting request for the first hierarchical network and to change a topology of a second hierarchical network formed by using the first hierarchical network, and a second control unit configured to change setting of a communication node(s) belonging to the second hierarchical network, using the topology of the second hierarchical network after the change. 1. A communication system , including:a first control unit configured to change setting of at least one of communication nodes belonging to a first hierarchical network and to change a topology of a second hierarchical network formed by using the first hierarchical network, in response to a setting request for the first hierarchical network; anda second control unit configured to change setting of a communication node(s) belonging to the second hierarchical network, using the topology of the second hierarchical network after the change.2. The communication system according to claim 1 , whereinthe first control unit changes the setting of the communication node(s) belonging to the first hierarchical network and changes the topology of the second hierarchical network, in response to the request from the second control unit or a user.3. The communication system according to claim 1 , whereinthe first control unit further comprises a first management unit configured to notify the change of the topology of the second hierarchical network to the second control unit; andthe second control unit further comprises a second management unit configured to request the first control unit to add a path to the first hierarchical network.4. The communication system according to claim 1 , whereinthe first control unit adds the new path between start and end points notified from the second control unit.5. The communication system according to claim 4 , whereinthe second ...

INCREASING RF POWER OUTPUT IN PHOTONICS-FED PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA SYSTEMS

Delivering a radio frequency (RF) signal to a remote phased array antenna system involves using an optical modulator at an RF source location to modulate a high power optical carrier signal with a source RF signal Sso as to produce a high power transmit modulated optical carrier (TMOC) signal. An optical link communicates the high power TMOC signal to a remote antenna location, where the high power TMOC is split into N optical paths to obtain N reduced power TMOC signals. In each of the N optical paths, photodetection operations are performed upon the reduced power TMOC signal to obtain N reduced power S′signals which are then constructively combined to obtain a high power S′signal which is communicated to at least one antenna element. 1. A method for delivering a radio frequency (RF) signal to a remote phased array antenna system , comprising:{'sub': 'RF', 'using an optical modulator at an RF source location to modulate an optical carrier signal with a source RF signal Sso as to produce a single high power transmit modulated optical carrier (TMOC) signal;'}using an optical link comprised of an optical fiber to communicate the single high power TMOC signal from the RF source location to an antenna location associated with an RF antenna system, the antenna location remote from the RF source location;at the antenna location, using an optical power splitter to split the single high power TMOC into N optical paths to obtain N reduced power TMOC signals, where N is an integer value greater than 1;{'sub': 'RF', 'in each of the N optical paths, performing a photodetection operation upon the reduced power TMOC signal to obtain N reduced power S′signals;'}{'sub': RF', 'RF, 'constructively combining the N reduced power S′signals in an RF power combiner to obtain a high power S′signal;'}{'sub': 'RF', 'communicating at least a portion of the high power S′signal to at least one antenna element of said RF antenna system.'}2. A method for delivering a radio frequency (RF) signal ...

GROOMING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PACKET OPTICAL TRANSPORT NETWORK

A grooming method and apparatus for a packet optical transport network are disclosed. The method includes: according to an arrangement order of various services, planning a path from a service source node to a service target node in an ith service in a topology set graph; when the path includes a wavelength link in a physical link, removing the wavelength link, and establishing a virtual link between a link source node and a link target node of the removed wavelength link; updating capacities of various links in the path; calculating a weight of a newly established virtual link, and adding the newly established virtual link and the corresponding weight to the topology set graph; and planning a path from a service source node to a service target node in an i+1th service in the topology set graph, until all services are finished. 1. A grooming method for a packet optical transport network , comprising:step A, according to an arrangement order of various services, planning a path from a service source node to a service target node in an ith service in a topology set graph; wherein an initial value of i is 1;step B, when the path comprises a wavelength link in a physical link, removing the wavelength link, and establishing a virtual link between a link source node and a link target node of the removed wavelength link;step C, updating capacities of various links in the path;step D, calculating a weight of a newly established virtual link, and adding the newly established virtual link and the corresponding weight to the topology set graph; andstep E, if i+1, returning to the step A, until all services are finished, wherein, i is a positive integer.2. The grooming method for the packet optical transport network according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when the ith service is an optical channel OCH service claim 1 , the step B comprises:step B11, when a found path comprises a wavelength link in a physical link, removing the wavelength link, and establishing an optical ...

METHODS AND SYSEMS FOR RECONFIGURABLE NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for assigning a network topology to an interconnection network. Data is transmitted along at least one of a plurality of output ports based on a first port map, the first port map linking at least one of a plurality of input ports to at least one of the output ports. A request to apply a second port map, different from the first port map, is received. A circuit-switched element is activated to link at least one of the plurality of input ports to at least one of the plurality of the output ports based on the second port map. The data is transmitted along the at least one of the plurality of output ports based on the second port map. 1. A method for assigning a topology to an interconnection network , comprising:transmitting data along at least one of a plurality of output ports based on a first port map, the first port map linking at least one of a plurality of input ports to the at least one of the plurality of output ports;receiving a request to apply a second port map different from the first port map;activating a circuit-switched element to link a subsequent at least one of the plurality of input ports to a subsequent at least one of the plurality of output ports based on the second port map; andtransmitting the data along the subsequent at least one of the plurality of output ports based on the second port map.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the request comprises receiving the request via a wireless communication protocol.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the request comprises:interfacing with a control system via a wired communication port; andreceiving the request from the control system via the wired communication port.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first port map links the at least one of a plurality of input ports to the at least one of the plurality of output ports in accordance with a first topology mapped onto the interconnection network claim 1 , and wherein the second ...

APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR OPTICAL CHANNEL MANAGEMENT

An apparatus includes a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) having an input port to receive a first optical signal from a second device. The ROADM also includes a first wavelength selective switch (WSS), in optical communication with the input port, to convert the first optical signal into a second optical signal, a loopback, in optical communication with the first WSS, to transmit the second optical signal, and a second WSS, in optical communication with the loopback, to convert the second optical signal to a third optical signal and direct the third optical signal back to the second device via the input port. 120.-. (canceled)21. An apparatus , comprising: an input port configured to receive a first optical signal from a device;', 'a first spectral analyzer, operatively coupled to the input port, configured to acquire first spectral information of the first optical signal;', 'a user port, operatively coupled to the input port, configured to receive a second optical signal converted from the first optical signal;', 'a second spectral analyzer, operatively coupled to the user port, configured to acquire second spectral information of the second optical signal; and', receive the first spectral information from the first spectral analyzer; locate the user port based at least in part on the first spectral information;', 'receive the second spectral information from the second spectral analyzer; and', 'transmit the second spectral information to the device., 'an optical channel monitor (OCM), operatively coupled to the first spectral analyzer and the second spectral analyzer, configured to], 'a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) having22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the device includes a router.23. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the OCM is further configured to:locate the user port based at least in part on the second spectral information.24. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the second spectral analyzer is further ...

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (ND) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a single end-to-end connection yields increased wavelength efficiency. 129-. (canceled)30. A method of operating an intermediate switching node adapted to establish an optical connection between first and second terminal switching nodes in an optical network , the network comprising the first and second terminal switching nodes and a plurality of other switching nodes interconnected by optical links , the intermediate switching node being connected to a respective ingress link and a respective egress link in a path comprising a set of optical channels identified for carrying optical signals between the first and second terminal switching nodes via the intermediate switching node , the method comprising:switching optical signals arriving on the respective ingress link to the respective egress link at the intermediate switching node.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the intermediate switching node switches optical signals arriving on the respective ingress link to the respective ...

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (WD) once the, data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a single end-to-end connection yields increased wavelength efficiency. 129.-. (canceled)30. A method of determining paths through an optical network comprising a plurality of interconnected optical switching nodes , the method comprising , at a switching node of the optical network:communicating topology information to neighbouring switching nodes;receiving topology information from the neighbouring switching nodes;sending the topology information received from the neighbouring switching nodes to the neighbouring switching nodes;processing the topology information using a routing algorithm to determine a next hop for each of a plurality of paths through the network, each path comprising a set of optical channels, each optical channel on a respective optical communication link between adjacent switching nodes on the path; andstoring in a routing table, the next hop determined for each of the plurality of paths.31. The method of claim 30 , comprising claim 30 , at each switching node: ...

OPTICAL SWITCH AND PROTOCOLS FOR USE THEREWITH

A method of establishing a data connection between terminal switching nodes in a network and switching nodes for implementing the method. The method involves switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength routing (WR) protocol to determine the next hop switching node for every possible combination of terminal nodes based on the network topology. The method also involves the switching nodes participating in a network layer wavelength distribution (WD) once the data connection is to be established. The WR protocol determines the path used through the network, while the WD protocol assigns wavelengths on each link between switching nodes. The wavelengths may be different on different optical links. The switching nodes include wavelength converters with an optical switch or optoelectronic converters with a digital electronic switch. A digital electronic switch can also provide signal reformatting. Advantages of using potentially different wavelengths along various segments of a single end-to-end connection yields increased wavelength efficiency. 129.-. (canceled)30. A method of operating a switching node to establish an optical connection between a first terminal switching node and a second terminal switching node along a path in an optical network , responsive to a connection initiation communication sent to the first terminal switching node upon requesting the connection , the method comprising:receiving a communication from an adjacent switching node along the path; identifying an optical channel that is available on a link between the current switching node and the previous switching node; and', 'if the switching node is not the second terminal switching node, forwarding the connection request communication to the next switching node along the path; and, 'if the communication is a connection request communication received from a previous switching node along the path, then establishing a connection to the previous switching node along the path using the ...

Method and systems for logical topology optimization of free space optical networks

The present disclosure relates to presenting a transceiver system for automatic tracking and dynamic routing for free space optical (FSO) communication to reduce the blocking probability and increase the percentage recovery of failed traffic. In one embodiment, for a FSO network including multiple transmitters and receivers, a logical topology is crustucted. Then the logical topology is optimized by calculating the traffic of each the lightpaths in the logical topology with a mesh architecture using a traffic matrix, such as using a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation, to minimize a maximum traffic flow of the lightpaths interconnecting the nodes of the logical topology. Based on the optimized logical topology, routing is calculated to obtain a plurality of transmitter/receiver assignments for the transmitters and the receivers. Then the routing of the transmitters and the receivers may be controlled based on the corresponding transmitter/receiver assignments.

Transmitter/reciever with orbital angular momentum based optical encryption

A four-dimensional multiplexing method and four-dimensional multiplexing system are provided for optical networks. The method includes receiving sensor data to be transmitted on an optical network. The method also includes encoding the sensor data into an optical signal employing one or more multiplexing systems. The method additionally includes transmitting the optical signal over the optical network. The method further includes decoding the optical signal into the sensor data employing the one or more multiplexing systems. The method also includes controlling an operation of a processor-based machine responsive to the sensor data.

Pair routing between three undersea fiber optic cables

An undersea fiber optic cable routing architecture including a branching unit coupled to three trunk cables capable of switching individual fibers in each fiber pair within a cable to either of the other two cables. The branching unit comprises a plurality of optical switches and a controller for receiving remote command signals and configuring the optical switches in accordance with the remote command signals.

NETWORK INTERCONNECT AS A SWITCH

An interconnect as a switch module (“ICAS” module) comprising n port groups, each port group comprising n−1 interfaces, and an interconnecting network implementing a full mesh topology where each port group comprising a plurality of interfaces each connects an interface of one of the other port groups, respectively. The ICAS module may be optically or electrically implemented. According to the embodiments, the ICAS module may be used to construct a stackable switching device and a multi-unit switching device, to replace a data center fabric switch, and to build a new, high-efficient, and cost-effective data center. 1. An interconnect as a switch (ICAS) module , comprising:n port groups, each port group comprising n−1 interfaces; andan interconnecting network implementing a full mesh topology, wherein each port group comprising a plurality of interfaces each connects one of the n−1 interfaces of another of the n port groups, respectively;wherein the n−1 interfaces of the n port groups are labeled with the same indexes as those of connected n port groups; wherein an interface with index j of a port group with index i is connected to an interface with index i of one of the n port groups with index j, and wherein the interconnecting network comprises all connections between the port groups.2. The ICAS module of claim 1 , whereinsingle-connection data between first layer switch i connected to the port group with index i and first layer switch j connected to the port group with index j is directly transmitted through the interface with index j of the port group with index i and the interface with index i of the port group with index j; andwherein at least part of multi-connection data between first layer switch i connected to the port group with index i and first layer switch j connected to the port group with index j is transferred and transmitted through a first layer switch connected to at least another one of the n port groups with a sender index, wherein multi- ...

Data Center Interconnect as a Switch

An interconnect module (“ICAS module”) includes n optical data ports each comprising n optical interfaces, and an interconnecting network implementing a full mesh topology for interconnecting the optical interfaces of each port each to a respective one of the optical interfaces of each of the other ports. In one embodiment, each optical interface exchanges data signals over a communication medium with optical transceiver. The interconnecting module may implement the full mesh topology using optical fibers. The interconnecting module may be used to replace fabric switches as well as a building block for a spine switch. 1. An interconnect module , comprising:n optical data ports each comprising it n−1 optical interfaces, wherein each optical interface receives and transmits data signals over a communication medium; andan interconnecting network implementing a full mesh topology for interconnecting the optical interfaces of each port each to a respective one of the optical interfaces of each of the other ports.2. The interconnect module of claim 1 , wherein one of the optical data ports is provided as an uplink interface for connecting to an external network.3. The interconnecting module of claim 1 , wherein the interconnecting network comprises optical fibers.4. The interconnecting module of claim 1 , wherein the optical interfaces each receive and transmit optical signals to and from optical transceiver.5. A data center network having a plurality of data interfaces for receiving and transmitting data signals from and to a plurality of servers claim 1 , comprising:A first plurality of data switching units, wherein each of the first plurality of data switching units comprises (a) a plurality of first level interconnecting devices providing a subset of the data interfaces; and (b) one or more second level interconnecting devices routing data signals of the subset of data signals among the subset of data interfaces of the first level interconnecting device and a data ...

OPTICALLY-SECURED ADAPTIVE SOFTWARE-DEFINED OPTICAL SENSOR NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

A method and network are provided for a reconfigurable optical sensor network. The method includes configuring, by a controller, the reconfigurable optical sensor network, including one or more reconfigurable optical space switches, for a type of sensor data. The method also includes generating sensor data in the type of sensor data with one or more of a plurality of bidirectional sensors. The method additionally includes sending the sensor data to one or more optical star couplers. The method further includes forwarding the sensor data from one of the one or more optical star couplers to the one of one or more reconfigurable optical space switches. 1. A reconfigurable optical sensor network , comprising:a controller that configures a path of the network and a plurality of sensors to gather a type of sensor data;one or more optical star couplers in the path of the network;one or more reconfigurable optical space switches configured by the controller to form the path of the network; andone or more fiber optic communication lines in the path of the network.2. The reconfigurable optical sensor network as recited in claim 1 , wherein one or more of the plurality of bidirectional sensors connect directly to one of the one or more optical star couplers.3. The reconfigurable optical sensor network as recited in claim 1 , wherein one or more of the plurality of bidirectional sensors connect with optical tap couplers to the one or more fiber optic communication lines.4. The reconfigurable optical sensor network as recited in claim 1 , wherein one of the plurality of bidirectional sensors includes an optical transmitter claim 1 , an optical direct detection receiver claim 1 , and a sensor device.5. The reconfigurable optical sensor network as recited in claim 4 , wherein the optical transmitter claim 4 , the optical direct detection receiver claim 4 , and the sensor device are included in a single chip.6. The reconfigurable optical sensor network as recited in claim 1 , ...

NETWORK INTERCONNECT AS A SWITCH

An interconnect as a switch module (“ICAS” module) comprising n port groups, each port group comprising n−1 interfaces, and an interconnecting network implementing a full mesh topology where each port group comprising a plurality of interfaces each connects an interface of one of the other port groups, respectively. The ICAS module may be optically or electrically implemented. According to the embodiments, the ICAS module may be used to construct a stackable switching device and a multi-unit switching device, to replace a data center fabric switch, and to build a new, high-efficient, and cost-effective data center. 1. A fanout cable transpose rack supporting k switches and p interlinks , wherein the fanout cable transpose rack comprises:k groups of first fiber adapters, each of the first fiber adapters comprising m interfaces, wherein the k groups of the first fiber adapters connect to corresponding k switches through the k groups of first fiber cables, wherein k groups of the first fiber adapters also connect to an fiber adapter mounting panel by the k groups of the first fanout fiber cables, wherein each group of ┌p/m┐ first fiber adapters connect to a corresponding group of ┌p/m┐ fiber adapters of each switch by ┌p/m┐ first fiber cables, wherein each group of ┌p/m┐ first fiber adapters connect to the fiber adapter mounting panel by a group of ┌p/m┐ first fanout fiber cables, wherein ┌ ┐ is a ceiling function; andp groups of second fiber adapters, each of the second fiber adapters comprising m interfaces, wherein the p groups of second fiber adapters connect p groups of second fiber cables to form p groups of interlinks, wherein the p groups of second fiber adapters also connect to the fiber adapter mounting panel by p groups of the second fanout fiber cables, wherein each group of ┌k/m┐ second fiber adapters connect to a group of ┌k/m┐ second fiber cables to form an interlink, wherein each group of the ┌k/m┐ second fiber adapters connect to the fiber adapter ...

Packet Forwarding IN RPR Network

A network device in a RPR network receives a RPR flooding data packet sent by another network device in the RPR network, determines whether a next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is a source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet, and strips the RPR flooding data packet when determining that the next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is the source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet. 1. A packet forwarding method in a Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) network , applied to a network device in the RPR network and comprising:receiving a RPR flooding data packet sent by another network device in the RPR network;determining whether a next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is a source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet; andstripping the RPR flooding data packet when determining that the next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is the source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing RPR encapsulation for a flooding data packet and setting a Time To Live (TTL) value as the number of network devices in the RPR network subtracted by 1 to generate a RPR flooding data packet; andforwarding the generated RPR flooding data packet.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is the source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet comprises:determining a Media Access Control (MAC) address of the next-hop network device according to a local ring network topology table;determining whether the MAC address of the next-hop network device is a source MAC address of the RPR flooding data packet; anddetermining that the next-hop network device of the RPR flooding data packet is the source network device sending the RPR flooding data packet when determining that the MAC address of the next-hop network device is the source MAC address of the ...

RESOURCE ALLOCATION DEVICE AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION METHOD

In order to efficiently assign a communication resource of an optical transmission system, a resource allocation device includes a resource calculation unit that derives, based on a communication resource required in a communication between terminal stations opposing via a path, a communication resource required for the path, and calculates, based on a communication resource assignable to the path and the derived communication resource required for the path, a communication resource to be assigned to the path, and an interface that transmits, to a communication device that sets a communication resource to the path, a communication resource to be assigned to the path. 1. A resource allocation device comprising:a resource calculator configured to derive, based on a communication resource required in a communication between terminal stations opposing via a path, a communication resource required for the path, and calculate, based on a communication resource assignable to the path and the derived communication resource required for the path, a communication resource to be assigned to the path; andan interface configured to transmit, to a communication device that sets a communication resource to the path, a communication resource to be assigned to the path.2. The resource allocation device according to claim 1 , wherein the resource calculator calculates a communication resource to be assigned to each path between adjacent communication devices claim 1 , among the terminal stations and the communication devices.3. The resource allocation device according to claim 1 , wherein the resource calculator derives claim 1 , for each pair of the opposing terminal stations claim 1 , a communication resource to be assigned to the path.4. The resource allocation device according to claim 3 , wherein the resource calculator calculates claim 3 , in a path in which a sum of communication resources to be assigned to the path derived for each pair of the opposing terminal stations is ...

System and method for interconnecting multiple communication interfaces

A system and method for interconnecting multiple communication interfaces is provided. The system includes a router comprising a fabric controller. The fabric controller is operable to communicate with a plurality of ports, each port having an associated physical address. The plurality of physical addresses is divided into a plurality of non-overlapping address sets. The router is operable to communicate with two or more devices during the same time period, each device being attached to a different port in the plurality of ports.

SWITCH AND SELECT TOPOLOGY FOR PHOTONIC SWITCH FABRICS AND A METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FORMING SAME

A method for generating a switch fabric topology, comprising constructing a first switch fabric topology, modifying the first switch fabric topology to generate a second switch fabric topology, wherein modifying the first switch fabric topology comprises isolating center stage sets of the first switch fabric topology, and replacing each of the isolated center stage sets with a single × switching element to generate the second switch fabric topology, wherein is an integer representing a radix of the switching element determined in connection with the constructing of the first switch fabric topology. 1. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith , the program instructions executable by a processor to cause the processor to perform a method comprising:constructing a first switch fabric topology; and isolating center stage sets of the first switch fabric topology; and', {'img': [{'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER-00064', '@he': '3.13mm', '@wi': '2.46mm', '@file': 'US20160277817A1-20160922-P00001.TIF', '@alt': 'custom-character', '@img-content': 'character', '@img-format': 'tif'}, {'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER-00065', '@he': '3.13mm', '@wi': '2.46mm', '@file': 'US20160277817A1-20160922-P00001.TIF', '@alt': 'custom-character', '@img-content': 'character', '@img-format': 'tif'}], 'replacing each of the isolated center stage sets with a single × switching element to generate the second switch fabric topology;'}], 'modifying the first switch fabric topology to generate a second switch fabric topology, wherein modifying the first switch fabric topology comprises{'img': {'@id': 'CUSTOM-CHARACTER-00066', '@he': '3.13mm', '@wi': '2.46mm', '@file': 'US20160277817A1-20160922-P00001.TIF', '@alt': 'custom-character', '@img-content': 'character', '@img-format': 'tif'}, 'wherein is an integer representing a radix of the switching element determined in connection with the constructing of the first switch ...

METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION ROUTES BETWEEN NODES OF A COMPUTER CLUSTER, CORRESPONDING COMPUTER PROGRAM AND COMPUTER CLUSTER

A method includes obtaining the topology of a computer cluster, with first global numbers respectively assigned to the nodes thereof, and implementing, for each pair of nodes, an algorithm adapted for providing a communication route between the nodes, based on respective numbers of the nodes and the topology of the computer cluster. The method further includes selecting nodes and numbering the nodes in order to assign second global numbers thereto, which numbers are different from the first global numbers for at least one part of the selected nodes, the second global numbers of the selected nodes being successively separated by values each of which is different from the periodicity of each of at least one part of the communication links. Moreover, in order to implement the algorithm, the nodes are identified by the second global numbers thereof. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the selected nodes have a common feature of which the other nodes are devoid.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the common feature is that the selected nodes are optical network interfaces.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the common feature is that the selected nodes belong to storage computers.5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the common feature is that the selected nodes belong to computer processors comprising a graphics processing unit.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second global numbers of the selected nodes are successive.7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:determining the periodicity of each of at least one part of the communication links,determining values intended to successively separate the second global numbers of the selected nodes, whereby each determined value is different from each determined periodicity.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nodes are connected to connection ports of a part of the switches claim 1 , the connection ports having local numbers within the switch to which ...

OPTICALLY SWITCHED NETWORK TOPOLOGY

The disclosed embodiments provide an optically switched network system. This system includes a passive optical switch with N inputs and N outputs, which can communicate different wavelengths from each of the N inputs to each of the N outputs. It also includes N end-nodes, and N pairs of optical fibers, wherein each pair connects one of the N end-nodes to one of the N inputs and one of the N outputs. The optically switched network is organized into a virtual data plane and a virtual control plane, which both communicate through the same underlying physical network. The virtual data plane provides any-to-all parallel connectivity for data transmissions among the N end-nodes. The virtual control plane is organized as a ring that serially connects the N end-nodes, wherein the ring communicates arbitration information among distributed-arbitration logic at each of the N end-nodes. 1. An optically switched network , comprising:a passive optical switch with N inputs and N outputs, wherein the passive optical switch can communicate different wavelengths from each of the N inputs to each of the N outputs;N end-nodes; andN pairs of optical fibers, wherein each pair connects one of the N end-nodes to one of the N inputs and one of the N outputs of the passive optical switch;wherein the optically switched network is organized into two overlay networks over a same underlying physical network: one for a virtual data plane and one for a virtual control plane, wherein both the virtual data plane and the virtual control plane communicate through the same underlying physical network;wherein the virtual data plane is organized in a star topology that provides any-to-all parallel connectivity for data transmissions among the N end-nodes; andwherein the virtual control plane is organized as a ring that serially connects the N end-nodes, wherein the ring is used to communicate arbitration information among distributed-arbitration logic located at each of the N end-nodes.2. The optically ...

OPTICAL TRANSMITTAL STORAGE NETWORKS

Optical networks may store information or data therein by maintaining the information or data in motion. The optical networks may include optical fiber rings configured to receive optical signals comprising the information or data and to circulate the optical signals within the optical fiber rings. The optical signals and the information or data may be transferred out of the optical fiber rings in order to amplify the optical signals (e.g., to overcome losses due to attenuation within the optical fiber rings), to analyze the optical signals according to one or more processing techniques, or to transfer the information or data to another computer device upon request. If continued storage of the information or data is required, an optical signal including the information or data may be transferred back into the optical fiber rings and may continue to circulate therein. 1. A monitoring system comprising:a plurality of imaging devices;at least one transmittal storage node; andat least one computer device comprising a memory and a processor configured to implement one or more services, at least one optical transmitter;', 'a multiplexer;', 'a first optical switch;', 'a second optical switch;', 'at least one optical fiber ring extending in parallel between the first optical switch and the second optical switch;', 'an analytic edge device extending between the second optical switch and the multiplexer; and', 'at least one optical receiver,, 'wherein the at least one transmittal storage node comprises capture a first set of imaging data using at least a first one of the plurality of imaging devices;', 'transmit a first electrical signal comprising the first set of imaging data from the first one of the plurality of imaging devices to the at least one optical transmitter;', 'convert, by the at least one optical transmitter, the first electrical signal into a first optical signal comprising at least some of the first set of imaging data;', 'transmit the first optical signal ...

Data Center Network System and Signal Transmission System

A data center network system and a signal transmission system, where the signal transmission system includes one hub device, at least two switches, multiple colored optical modules, at least two multiplexers/demultiplexers, and at least two servers. The hub device, the at least two switches, the multiple colored optical modules, the at least two multiplexers/demultiplexers, and the at least two servers form a star network topology structure.

Hybrid Optical/Electrical Interconnect Network Architecture for Direct-connect Data Centers and High Performance Computers

The present invention proposes a hybrid optical/electrical network architecture for the direct-connect datacenters and HPC systems. It utilizes small scale optical switches in parallel with the electrical switching modules (e.g. the multi-port NIC) in the direct-connect electrical network (e.g 3D Torus) in order to provide optical bypassing capabilities. The optical network keeps the same topology as the electrical packet switching network, while the number of optical nodes can be equal or less than the electrical switching modules. 1. An optical network controller comprising: employing an optical network of optical switches in parallel with electrical switches of the electrical network for providing a capability of optical bypassing of the electrical switches;', 'configuring a topology of the optical network and a topology of the electrical network the same while a number of optical switches in the optical network can be equal to or less than the number of electrical switches; and', 'mixing use of optical switches and electrical switches for routing information within the network to enable increased bandwidth throughput between interconnected nodes of the electrical switches and optical switches and reducing communication latency within the network., 'controlling hybrid electrical-optical switching capabilities in a direct connect electrical network, the controlling comprising2. The optical network controller of claim 1 , wherein the optical network comprises employing the optical switches to augment the electrical switches and extend the reach of direct connections in the network and enable every node in the network to be directly connected to any other node in the network through an all-optical bypassing path thereby reducing electrical hops between two far away nodes in the network and increasing bandwidth in the network.3. The optical network controller of claim 1 , wherein when the number of optical switches is equal to the number of electrical switches each ...

Optical Network-On-Chip, Optical Router, and Signal Transmission Method

An optical network-on-chip, an optical router, and a signal transmission method. The optical network-on-chip includes: N2 intellectual property IP cores, N2/2 gateways, and N2 optical routers. The N2 optical routers form two subnets, and every N2/2 optical routers form one subnet. Each gateway in the N2/2 gateways is connected to every two IP cores in the N2 IP cores, where IP cores connected to different gateways are different, and the two IP cores connected to each gateway are in one-to-one correspondences with the two subnets. The N2/2 gateways are in one-to-one correspondences with the N2/2 optical routers in each subnet in the two subnets, where each gateway is connected to an optical router that is in each subnet and that is corresponding to each gateway. 1. An optical network-on-chip , comprising:N2 intellectual property (IP) cores;N2/2 gateways; andN2 optical routers;wherein N is an even number;wherein the N2 optical routers form two subnets, and every N2/2 optical routers form one subnet;wherein each gateway in the N2/2 gateways is connected to two IP cores in the N2 IP cores, wherein IP cores connected to different gateways are different, and the two IP cores connected to each gateway are in one-to-one correspondences with the two subnets;wherein the N2/2 gateways are in one-to-one correspondences with the N2/2 optical routers in each subnet in the two subnets, wherein each gateway is connected to an optical router that is in each subnet and that corresponds to each gateway;wherein a first IP core in the N2 IP cores is configured to send a first signal to a gateway connected to the first IP core; determine a second IP core according to the first signal, wherein the second IP core is a destination IP core of the first signal; and', 'determine a subnet corresponding to the second IP core, and send the first signal to a first optical router in the subnet corresponding to the second IP core, wherein the first optical router is an optical router connected to ...

TOPOLOGY PROCESSING METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM

A topology processing method, apparatus, and system are provided. The topology processing method includes: obtaining, by a topology processing apparatus, a first onsite image collected from an optical distribution network ODN, where the first onsite image includes at least an imaging of a first port of a first ODN device, the first port is connected to a first cable, a first identification area used to identify the first cable is disposed on the first cable, and the first onsite image further includes at least an imaging of the first identification area on the first cable; and identifying, by the topology processing apparatus, the first cable based on the first identification area on the first onsite image, and identifying, based on the first onsite image, the first port connected to the first cable; and generating a first correspondence between the first ODN device, the first port, and the first cable. 1. A topology processing method , comprising:obtaining, by a topology processing apparatus, a first onsite image collected from an optical distribution network (ODN), wherein the first onsite image comprises at least an imaging of a first port of a first ODN device, the first port is connected to a first cable, a first identification area that identifies the first cable is disposed on the first cable, and the first onsite image further comprises at least an imaging of the first identification area on the first cable;identifying, by the topology processing apparatus, the first cable based on the first identification area on the first onsite image, and identifying, based on the first onsite image, the first port connected to the first cable; andgenerating, by the topology processing apparatus, a first correspondence between the first ODN device, the first port, and the first cable.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a device identification area is disposed on the first ODN device claim 1 , the device identification area identifies the first ODN device claim 1 ...

Cross-layer link discovery

The present disclosure generally discloses a cross-layer link discovery capability configured to support discovery of cross-layer links of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support discovery of cross-layer links between packet network elements and optical network elements of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support automated and reliable discovery of cross-layer links between ports of packet network elements and ports of optical network elements of a communication network. The cross-layer link discovery capability may be configured to support discovery of cross-layer links between ports of packet network elements and ports of optical network elements based on various port matching techniques, such as port classification, port isolation based on port identification, port isolation based on port probing (e.g., active probing, passive probing based on traffic migration, passive probing based on traffic injection, or other port probing types), or the like.

MEDIUM-ACCESS CONTROL TECHNIQUE FOR OPTICALLY SWITCHED NETWORKS

We disclose a method for controlling access to an optically switched network, which connects N end-nodes, and is organized into a virtual data plane and a virtual control plane, which both communicate through the same underlying physical optical network. The virtual data plane provides any-to-all parallel connectivity for data transmissions among the N end-nodes, and the virtual control plane is organized as a ring that serially connects the N end-nodes, wherein a control token circulates around the ring. During operation, an end-node in the ring receives the control token, which includes a destination-busy vector with a busy flag for each of the N end-nodes. If the end-node has data to send and the busy flag for the destination end-node is not set, the system: sets the busy flag; commences sending the data to the destination end-node; and forwards the control token to a next end-node in the ring. 1. A method for controlling access to an optically switched network , comprising: wherein the virtual data plane provides any-to-all parallel connectivity for data transmissions among the N end-nodes, and', 'wherein the virtual control plane is organized as a ring that serially connects the N end-nodes, wherein a control token circulates around the ring;, 'operating the optically switched network, wherein the optically switched network optically connects N end-nodes, and is organized into a virtual data plane and a virtual control plane, which both communicate through a same underlying physical optical network,'} receiving the control token at an end-node in the ring, wherein the control token includes a destination-busy vector that includes a busy flag for each of the N end-nodes;', setting the busy flag for the destination end-node;', 'commencing sending of the data to the destination end-node through the data plane; and, 'if the end-node has data to send to a destination end-node and the busy flag for the destination end-node is not set,'}, 'forwarding the control token ...

Reconfigurable computing pods using optical networks

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including an apparatus for generating clusters of building blocks of compute nodes using an optical network. In one aspect, a method includes receiving request data specifying requested compute nodes for a computing workload. The request data specifies a target n-dimensional arrangement of the compute nodes. A selection is made, from a superpod that includes a set of building blocks that each include an m-dimensional arrangement of compute nodes, a subset of the building blocks that, when combined, match the target n-dimensional arrangement specified by the request data. The set of building blocks are connected to an optical network that includes one or more optical circuit switches. A workload cluster of compute nodes that includes the subset of the building blocks is generated. The generating includes configuring, for each dimension of the workload cluster, respective routing data for the one or more optical circuit switches.

System and Method for Photonic Switching

In one embodiment, optical node includes an input port configured to receive an input optical frame and a first optical switch coupled to the input port, where the first optical switch is configured to remove the input optical frame to produce a removed input optical frame when an address of the input optical frame is a node address of the optical node and to pass the input optical frame to a second optical switch when an address of the input optical frame differs from the address of the optical node. The optical node also includes the second optical switch coupled to the first optical switch, where the second optical switch is configured to output the input optical frame to an output port when the address of the input optical frame is not the node address of the optical node and the address of the input optical frame is not an empty address.

ROCKER-ARM ASSEMBLIES WITH CONNECTABLE CABLE

Examples relate to devices comprising a stationary pivot plenum and a rocker-arm assembly pivotally coupled to the stationary pivot plenum and wherein the rocker-arm assembly comprises an inner conduit having at least one connector bay in which a connector of a cable assembly is removably coupled to the connector bay. In such examples the inner conduit of the rocker-arm assembly is accessible from the outside of the rocker-arm assembly to independently engage/disengage the removable cable assembly to/from the at least one connector bay. 1. A device comprising:a stationary pivot plenum; anda rocker-arm assembly pivotally coupled to the stationary pivot plenum,wherein the rocker-arm assembly comprises an inner conduit having at least one connector bay in which a connector of a cable assembly is removably coupled and wherein the inner conduit is accessible from the outside of the rocker-arm assembly to independently engage/disengage the removable cable assembly to/from the at least one connector bay.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the rocker-arm assembly comprises a cover movable between an open position in which access to the inner conduit of the rocker-arm assembly is allowed and a closed position in which access to the inner conduit of the rocker-arm assembly is prevented.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the rocker-arm assembly is movable between an open position in which the rocker-arm assembly is disengaged from a faceplate of an electronic module and a closed position in which the rocker-arm assembly is engaged to the faceplate of the electronic module.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the rocker-arm assembly comprises a retention mechanism to secure the rocker-arm assembly to the faceplate of the electronic module.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the rocker-arm assembly is coupled to the stationary pivot plenum by interposition of a pivoting element.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cable assemblies comprise the connector and a cable and wherein the ...

Method and Device for Implementing Timeslot Synchronization

Provided are a method and a device for implementing timeslot synchronization. The method includes: a master node performing timeslot synchronization training of an OBTN according to a timeslot length of the OBTN. By adopting the solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, an FDL does not need to be considered in node design, the node design is simplified, the time precision of synchronization is improved and no loss is caused to optical efficiency. 1. A method for implementing timeslot synchronization , applied to an Optical Burst Transport Network OBTN , comprising:performing, by a master node, timeslot synchronization training of the OBTN according to a timeslot length of the OBTN.2. The method according to claim 1 , before performing claim 1 , by the master node claim 1 , timeslot synchronization training of the OBTN according to the timeslot length of the OBTN claim 1 , the method further comprising:performing, by the master node, path detection on the OBTN to acquire a network topology structure; andselecting, by the master node, a core path from the acquired network topology structure, detecting a length of the core path or a length of the core path and a length of a non-core path, and calculating the timeslot length according to the length of the core path or the length of the core path and the length of the non-core path.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the step of performing claim 2 , by the master node claim 2 , path detection on the OBTN to acquire the network topology structure comprises:respectively sending, by the master node, a first testing control frame containing node information of the master node to all slave nodes or agent master nodes connected with the master node;after the first testing control frame is received, adding, by the slave nodes or the agent master nodes, node information of the slave nodes or the agent master nodes into the first testing control frame to form a path, and sending a first testing ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DISTRIBUTING FIBER OPTIC TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TO LOCAL AREAS AND FOR SUPPORTING DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEMS

A fiber optic network includes a fiber distribution hub including at least one splitter and a termination field; a plurality of drop terminals optically connected to the fiber distribution hub by a plurality of distribution cables; and a distributed antenna system (DAS). The DAS includes a base station and a plurality of antenna nodes. The base station is optically connected to the fiber distribution hub and the antenna nodes are optically connected to the drop terminals. Example splitters include a passive optical power splitter and a passive optical wavelength splitter. Signals from a central office can be routed through the passive optical power splitter before being routed to subscriber locations optically connected to the drop terminals. Signals from the base station can be routed through the wavelength splitter before being routed to the antenna nodes.

Distributed Control For Large Photonic Switches

Large photonic switches can establish optical paths between a large number of inputs and outputs. A distributed control architecture may be used in order to quickly establish the optical paths in large photonic switches. The distributed control architecture may provide a hierarchical control by grouping together endpoints, determining switching requirements between the groups and determining switching requirements within the groups. 1. A distributed controller for a photonic switch , the photonic switch comprising a plurality of inputs and outputs grouped together into a plurality of groups , the distributed controller comprising:a plurality of group controllers communicatively coupled together, each group controller for controlling switching of inputs and outputs within a respective group; anda switch controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of group controllers, the switch controller for controlling switching between inputs and outputs of the plurality of groups.2. The distributed controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of group controllers communicate desired bandwidth with other groups to an associated group controller of the plurality of group controllers.3. The distributed controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of group controllers determine bandwidth assignments to other groups based on a desired bandwidth from other groups.4. The distributed controller of claim 3 , wherein the switch controller monitors communication between group controllers to determine required bandwidth between the groups.5. The distributed controller of claim 2 , wherein one or more of the plurality of group controllers communicate the bandwidth assignments to the switch controller.6. The distributed controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of group controllers are arranged in a ring architecture.7. The distributed controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of group controllers are arranged in a star architecture.8. The distributed controller of claim 1 , ...