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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 14598. Отображено 100.

05-01-2012 дата публикации

Biofuel containing levoglucosone and its production process from cellulose or starch using as a solvent a mixture of an ionic liquid and an alkyl alcohol

Номер: US20120000116A1

Автор: Pedro Brito Correia

Принадлежит: Individual

The product Biofuel is presented as a motor fuel consisting of levoglucosone pure or mixed with ethanol and or hydrocarbons. Its production process from cellulose or starch uses in the first step, as a solvent and catalyst, a mixture of an alkyl alcohol, the ionic liquid N-alkyl imidazole hydrochloride and a small quantity of 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid. In the second step, levoglucosone is extracted with butanol. As butanol also extracts some N-alkyl imidazole, this is washed out by extraction with hydrochloric acid. Levoglucosone was identified by elemental analysis, NMR C13 and H and GC-MS.

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Номер записи: 1

12-01-2012 дата публикации

Solvent-enhanced biomass liquefaction

Номер: US20120005949A1

Автор: Alex Coulthard, Daniel EUHUS, Doug Naae, James Stevens, Jason Hicks, Kerry Spilker, Michelle Young, Paul Spindler, Subhasis Bhattacharya

Принадлежит: Catchlight Energy LLC

The present invention provides an improved method for solvent liquefaction of biomass to produce liquid products such as transportation fuel. The method uses a novel solvent combination that promotes liquefaction relatively quickly, and it reduces the need to transport large amounts of hydrogen or hydrogen-carrying solvents. It operates at lower pressure than previous methods, does not require a catalyst or hydrogen gas or CO input, and provides very high conversion of biomass into a bio-oil that can be further processed in a petroleum refinery. It also beneficially provides a way to recycle a portion of the crude liquefaction product for use as part of the solvent combination for the biomass liquefaction reaction.

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Номер записи: 2

26-01-2012 дата публикации

Processes for producing low acid biomass-derived pyrolysis oils

Номер: US20120017494A1

Автор: Thomas Traynor, Timothy A. Brandvold

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Processes for producing a low acid biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided that include pre-treating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to form a treated acid-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The processes also include esterifying the treated acid-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil in the presence of supercritical alcohol and a catalyst composition to form the low-acid biomass-derived pyrolysis oil, the catalyst composition comprising a material selected from the group consisting of an unsupported solid acid catalyst, an unsupported solid base catalyst, and a catalytic metal dispersed on a metal oxide support.

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Номер записи: 3

26-01-2012 дата публикации

Methods for deoxygenating biomass-derived pyrolysis oils

Номер: US20120017495A1

Автор: Jennifer F. ABRAHAMIAN, Thomas Traynor, Timothy A. Brandvold

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Methods for deoxygenating treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. The treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is exposed to a catalyst having a neutral catalyst support such as a non-alumina metal oxide support, a theta alumina support, or both. The non-alumina metal oxide support may be a titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) support, a silicon oxide support, a zirconia oxide (ZrO 2 ) support, a niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) support, or a support having a mixture of non-alumina metal oxides. The catalyst may include a noble metal or a Group VIII non-noble metal and a Group VIB non-noble metal on the neutral catalyst support. The treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is introduced into a hydroprocessing reactor in the presence of the catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions to produce low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.

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Номер записи: 4

26-01-2012 дата публикации

Hydrodynamic extraction of oils from photosynthetic cultures

Номер: US20120021497A1

Автор: Mario C. Larach

Принадлежит: KAIBIOENERGY

The presently described invention relates to the method of extraction of oils from photosynthetic cultures using hydrodynamic cavitation technology for the production of biofuels or other products. This method is referred to herein as Hydrodynamic extraction.

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Номер записи: 5

02-02-2012 дата публикации

Application-specific finished lubricant compositions comprising a bio-derived ester component and methods of making same

Номер: US20120028863A1

Автор: Allan George Hee, David Christian Kramer, Gian Lawrence Fagan, John A. Zakarian, Mark Edward Okazaki, Nathan Todd Knotts, Nicole A. Ketterer, Randolph Albert Baer, Ravindra Shah, Saleh A. Elomari, Samil Beret, Stephen Joseph Miller, William Loh, Zhen Zhou

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

The present invention is generally directed to methods of making application-specific finished lubricant compositions comprising bio-derived diester species. In some embodiments, bio-derived fatty acid moieties are reacted with Fischer-Tropsch/gas-to-liquids reaction products and/or by-products (e.g., gas-to-liquids-produced α-olefins) to yield bio-derived diester species that can then be selectively blended with base oil and one or more additive species to yield an application-specific finished lubricant product having a biomass-derived component.

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Номер записи: 6

02-02-2012 дата публикации

Catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition

Номер: US20120029243A1

Автор: Emmanouil Pantouflas, Roman Prochazka, Stephan Schunk

Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a composition (“composite”) comprising lignin and at least one catalyst dispersed in the composition. The invention further provides a process for producing such a catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition.

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Номер записи: 7

16-02-2012 дата публикации

Multi-functional catalyst composition for the conversion of biomass

Номер: US20120037486A1

Автор: Paul O'Connor, Sjoerd Daamen, Steve Yanlk

Принадлежит: Kior Inc

A process is disclosed for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, in particular ligno-cellulosic biomass. The process comprises heating the biomass to a conversion temperature in the range of from 200 to 500° C. in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a basic functionality comprising an alkali metal component and a multivalent metal component. The catalyst system optionally further comprises an acidic component.

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Номер записи: 8

01-03-2012 дата публикации

Biomass Pretreatment for Fast Pyrolysis to Liquids

Номер: US20120047794A1

Автор: Dennis Stamires, Michael Brady, Robert Bartek

Принадлежит: Kior Inc

Aspects of the present invention relate to methods, systems, and compositions for preparing a solid biomass for fast pyrolysis. The method includes contacting the solid biomass with an inorganic material present in an effective amount for increasing fast pyrolysis yield of an organic liquid product (e.g., bio-oil). In various embodiments, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 9

01-03-2012 дата публикации

Bio-oil recovery systems

Номер: US20120051980A1

Автор: Charles C. Gallop, Kurt A. Dieker, Theron Cooper

Принадлежит: ICM Inc USA

An emulsion-breaking additive is combined with an emulsion concentrate to yield a reaction product and the emulsion concentrate is produced in a process stream and contains entrapped bio-oil. Subsequent phase separating can be accomplished with gravity separation and/or mechanical processing. The emulsion-breaking additive can be native to the process stream. Related systems and methods are also provided.

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Номер записи: 10

15-03-2012 дата публикации

Incorporation of catalytic dehydrogenation into fischer-tropsch synthesis to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions

Номер: US20120065278A1

Автор: Gerald P. Huffman

Принадлежит: University of Kentucky Research Foundation

A new method of producing liquid transportation fuels from coal and other hydrocarbons that significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions by combining Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with catalytic dehydrogenation is claimed. Catalytic dehydrogenation (CDH) of the gaseous products (C1-C4) of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) can produce large quantities of hydrogen while converting the carbon to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Incorporation of CDH into a FTS-CDH plant converting coal to liquid fuels can eliminate all or most of the CO 2 emissions from the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction that is currently used to elevate the H 2 level of coal-derived syngas for FTS. Additionally, the FTS-CDH process saves large amounts of water used by the WGS reaction and produces a valuable by-product, MWCNT.

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Номер записи: 11

05-04-2012 дата публикации

Method of producing biodiesel from a wet biomass

Номер: US20120079760A1

Автор: Phillip E. Savage, Robert Levine, Tanawan Pinnarat

Принадлежит: University of Michigan

A method of producing a biodiesel from a wet biomass is provided. The method includes providing the wet biomass that includes water and biomass solids. The method also includes heating the wet biomass at a first temperature and a first pressure for a time period ranging from 10 to 480 minutes to form an aqueous solution and a solid agglomerate containing a hydrolyzed lipid component. The method also includes step of transesterifying the hydrolyzed lipid component to form biodiesel.

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Номер записи: 12

05-04-2012 дата публикации

Coal Liquefaction System

Номер: US20120082593A1

Автор: Alfred H. Stiller, Elliot B. Kennel

Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure relates to a coal liquefaction system for utilizing a hydrogenated vegetable oil to liquefy coal. The system includes a reactor for exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, a heater that elevates the temperature of the slurry in the reactor to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and a centrifuge that separates the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing. The system may also include a distillation column that distills the de-ashed coal extract to obtain a pitch. The system may also include a coker that cokes at least one of the de-ashed coal extract and the pitch to obtain a coke

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Номер записи: 13

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing middle distillates by hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of a heavy fraction derived from a fischer-tropsch effluent

Номер: US20120091034A1

Автор: Aurelie Dandeu, Vincent Coupard

Принадлежит: Eni Spa, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

The present invention describes a process for producing middle distillates from a C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, with an initial boiling point in the range 15° C. to 40° C. produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, comprising the following steps in succession: passing said C5+ liquid paraffinic fraction, termed a heavy fraction, over at least one ion exchange resin at a temperature in the range 80° C. to 150° C., at a total pressure in the range 0.7 to 2.5 MPa, at an hourly space velocity in the range 0.2 to 2.5 h −1 ; eliminating at least a portion of the water formed in step a); hydrogenating the unsaturated olefinic type compounds of at least a portion of the effluent derived from step b) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst; and hydroisomerization/hydrocracking of at least a portion of the hydrotreated effluent derived from step c) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydroisomerization/hydrocracking catalyst.

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Номер записи: 14

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Rubber Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091043A1

Автор: Alfred H. Stiller

Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a rubber material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a rubber material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

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Номер записи: 15

19-04-2012 дата публикации

Sewage Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091044A1

Автор: Alfred H. Stiller

Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a sewage material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a sewage material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

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Номер записи: 16

26-04-2012 дата публикации

Method of Obtaining a High Quality Coke from Low Rank Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120097580A1

Автор: Alfred H. Stiller

Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction and obtaining a obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract. A method of obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract may include exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract that is quinoline insoluble-free, distilling the coal extract under vacuum to obtain a pitch with a suitable softening point, and coking the pitch to obtain a coke. The coke may be at least one of an anisotropic coke, a metallurgical coke, a graphite coke, an anode coke, and a needle coke.

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Номер записи: 17

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Lubricant additives

Номер: US20120108480A1

Автор: Paul Bloom

Принадлежит: Archer Daniels Midland Co

Processes are described for producing liquid, biobased lubricant additives containing from 50 to 100% biobased carbon according to ASTM D6866 from heat-bodied oils by transesterification with biobased or petroleum based alcohols and by hydrotreatment of at least the resulting diesters, triesters and polyesters.

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Номер записи: 18

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock

Номер: US20120108869A1

Автор: Paul F. Bryan, Stephen J. Miller

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A method comprising the steps of providing a quantity of biologically-derived oil comprising triglycerides; processing the biologically derived oil so as to transesterify at least some of the triglycerides contained therein to yield a quantity of saturated monoesters and unsaturated monoesters; oligomerizing at least some of the unsaturated monoesters to yield a quantity of fatty acid ester oligomers; separating at least some of the saturated monoesters from the fatty acid ester oligomers; and hydrotreating at least some of the fatty acid ester oligomers to yield a quantity of alkanes.

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Номер записи: 19

03-05-2012 дата публикации

Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock

Номер: US20120108871A1

Автор: Stephen J. Miller

Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

A method comprising providing a fatty acyl mixture comprising: (i) a C 10 -C 16 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 30 wt. % wherein at least 80% of the C 10 -C 16 acyl carbon atom chains are saturated; and (ii) a C 18 -C 22 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 20 wt. % wherein at least 50% of the acyl C 18 -C 22 carbon atom chains contain at least one double bond; hydrolyzing the mixture to yield a quantity of C 10 -C 16 saturated fatty acids and C 18 -C 22 unsaturated fatty acids; oligomerizing at least some of the C 18 -C 22 unsaturated fatty acids to yield a quantity of C 36+ fatty acid oligomers; hydrotreating at least some of the C 10 -C 16 saturated fatty acids and at least some of the C 36+ fatty acid oligomers to yield a quantity of diesel fuel blendstock and C 36+ alkanes; and separating at least some of the diesel fuel blendstock from the C 36+ alkanes.

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Номер записи: 20

10-05-2012 дата публикации

Method for converting lignocellulosic materials into useful chemicals

Номер: US20120111714A1

Автор: Anthony James Duncan, Christopher Howard Lawrence, Gregory Ross Court, Warwick Douglas Raverty

Принадлежит: Circa Group Ltd

A method of converting particulate lignocellulosic material to produce volatile organic compounds and char, comprising, forming a mixture of the particulate lignocellulosic material with a catalyst composition containing polar organic liquid and an acid in the presence or absence of added water, heating the mixture to a temperature sufficiently high and for a period sufficiently long as to convert a major portion of any remaining solid phase of the mixture to char whilst agitating the mixture, and separating volatile organic compounds and the catalyst composition as a gaseous phase from the solid phase.

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Номер записи: 21

31-05-2012 дата публикации

High cetane renewable fuels

Номер: US20120132183A1

Автор: Edward T. CASEY, Gary Clyde GUNTER, Matthew J. TRUITT, Thomasin C. Miller

Принадлежит: ConocoPhillips Co

A method for reducing the emissions of a diesel engine using a RHE-diesel fuel.

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Номер записи: 22

31-05-2012 дата публикации

Methods for producing fuels and solvents

Номер: US20120136185A1

Автор: David Bressler

Принадлежит: University of Alberta

Described herein are methods for producing fuels and solvents from fatty acid resources. Also disclosed herein are fuels and solvents produced by the methods described herein.

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Номер записи: 23

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Method of making a catalyst

Номер: US20120157299A1

Автор: Krishniah Parimi, Thien Duyen Thi Nguyen

Принадлежит: ENERGIA TECHNOLOGIES Inc

Presented are one or more aspects and/or one or more embodiments of catalysts, methods of preparation of catalyst, methods of deoxygenation, and methods of fuel production.

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Номер записи: 24

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Process For The Production Of Cellulose Based Biofuels

Номер: US20120157726A1

Автор: Dennis A. Vauk, Tarun D. Vakil

Принадлежит: Air Liquide Large Industries US LP

A process for the production of cellulose based biofuels is provided. This process includes pyrolysing a cellulose-containing feedstock to form a slurry of bioliquids and char; hydrocracking the slurry to produce a hydrocarbon gas stream, a hydrocarbon liquid stream, an impurities stream, and a residue stream; distilling the liquid hydrocarbon stream to produce at least a naphtha stream, and a diesel stream; and gasifying the residue stream to produce at least a hydrogen and a carbon monoxide stream.

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Номер записи: 25

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Methods of deoxygenation and systems for fuel production

Номер: US20120157727A1

Автор: Krishniah Parimi, Thien Duyen Thi Nguyen

Принадлежит: ENERGIA TECHNOLOGIES Inc

Presented are one or more aspects and/or one or more embodiments of catalysts, methods of preparation of catalyst, methods of deoxygenation, and methods of fuel production.

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Номер записи: 26

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Process for producing a renewable hydrocarbon fuel

Номер: US20120157729A1

Автор: Tom N. Kalnes

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

One exemplary embodiment can be a process for producing a renewable hydrocarbon fuel. The process can include providing a feed including a lignocellulosic material to a pyrolysis zone to produce a stream including a pyrolysis oil, providing the pyrolysis oil stream to a refining zone producing a refined stream, providing at least a portion of the refined stream to a reforming zone producing a stream including hydrogen, providing at least a portion of the hydrogen stream to the refining zone; and recovering the renewable hydrocarbon fuel from the refined stream.

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Номер записи: 27

21-06-2012 дата публикации

Production of renewable fuels

Номер: US20120157742A1

Автор: Dhananjay B. Ghonasgi, Edward L. Sughrue, Jianhua Yao, Joseph E. Bares, Lisa L. Myers, Sundararajan Uppili, Xiaochun Xu, Yun BAO

Принадлежит: ConocoPhillips Co

The present disclosure relates to a process for the conversion of oxygen-containing hydrocarbons into long-chain hydrocarbons suitable for use as a fuel. These hydrocarbons may be derived from biomass, and may optionally be mixed with petroleum-derived hydrocarbons prior to conversion. The process utilizes a catalyst comprising Ni and Mo to convert a mixture comprising oxygenated hydrocarbons into product hydrocarbons containing from ten to thirty carbons. Hydro-conversion can be performed at a significantly lower temperature than is required for when utilizing a hydrotreating catalyst comprising Co and Mo (CoMo), while still effectively removing sulfur compounds (via hydrodesulfurization) to a level of 10 ppm (by weight) or less.

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Номер записи: 28

05-07-2012 дата публикации

Solvolysis of biomass using solvent from a bioreforming process

Номер: US20120167875A1

Автор: Dick A. Nagaki, Ming Qiao, Randy D. Cortright

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

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Номер записи: 29

19-07-2012 дата публикации

Method and arrangement for feeding heat-sensitive materials to fixed-bed reactors

Номер: US20120184792A1

Автор: Juha Solantie, Kari J. Koivisto

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

The invention relates to an arrangement for feeding heat-sensitive feedstock to a fixed-bed reactor system comprising means for product recycle and a fixed-bed reactor system comprising a fixed-bed reactor comprising at least one reaction zone having at least one catalyst bed and said reaction zone comprising a cold feed distributor arranged on top of each catalyst bed and a conventional distributor arranged above each cold feed distributor. Also a method is provided for feeding heat-sensitive feedstock to a fixed-bed reactor system wherein said fixed-bed reactor system comprises means for product recycle and a fixed-bed reactor comprising at least one reaction zone having at least one catalyst bed and said reaction zone comprising a cold feed distributor arranged on top of each catalyst bed and a conventional distributor arranged above each cold feed distributor.

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Номер записи: 30

02-08-2012 дата публикации

Composition of matter comprising of the creation of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon fluid exhibiting oligomerized pentenes mainly comprised of 2-Methyl-2-Butene subunits as well as related plant isoprenoids composed of 2-Methyl-1-Butene subunits and other hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-bearing woody biomass and a process for the extraction and refinement in making the same composition through the creation of solvent permeable woody biomass particles and a multi-phase solvent extraction

Номер: US20120197049A1

Автор: Stephen Daniel Matthews

Принадлежит: Individual

A composition of matter with of the creation of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon fluid called Wood Phytoleum from woody Pinaceae and Myrtaceae biomass and a process for the extraction and refinement in making the same composition of matter through the reduction of the particle size of the raw woody biomass to form a solvent permeable particle and a phased multi-wash solvent system of extraction and refinement. A preferred embodiment includes the steps of the reduction of the particle size of the raw woody biomass to form a solvent permeable particle by shearing and chipping, the application of a phased multi-wash solvent system to the solvent permeable particle utilizing a non-polar solvent together with a bridge solvent soluble in both the non-polar solvent and in water, the application of a final bridge solvent wash to the solvent permeable particle, a mechanism for washing the particles of the woody biomass within the multi-wash solvent system, a mechanism for the collection of the solvent and Wood Phytoleum solution from the multi-wash solvent system, the extraction of the solvent from the solvent saturated particles of the woody biomass and the discharge for continued use of the woody biomass, and a process and mechanism for the extraction, collection and refinement of the solvent and Wood Phytoleum solution to discharge the solvents for reuse and to collect the Wood Phytoleum liquid oil including Pinene A and Pinene B and other oligomerized pentenes.

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Номер записи: 31

02-08-2012 дата публикации

Composition of matter comprising of the creation of a low molecular weight hydrocarbon fluid exhibiting mainly oligomerized pentenes mainly comprised of 2-Methyl-2-Butene subunits as well as related plant isoprenoids composed of 2-Methyl-1-Butene subunits and other hydrocarbons from Euphorbia tirucalli biomass and a process for the extraction and refinement in making the same composition through the creation of solvent permeable batting mat and a multi-phase solvent extraction

Номер: US20120197052A1

Автор: Stephen Daniel Matthews

Принадлежит: Individual

A composition of matter with of the creation of low molecular weight hydrocarbon fluid called Phytoleum from Euphorbia tirucalli biomass and a process for the extraction and refinement in making the same composition through the creation of a batting mat and multi-phase solvent extraction. A preferred embodiment includes the steps of manufacturing a fibrous batting mat from the raw biomass, crushing the biomass, shearing the biomass with a rotating knives blade array, compressing the biomass by passing the biomass through press rollers, amalgonating the biomass into a Batting Mat, subjecting the Batting Mat to a phased multi-wash solvent system, extracting the solvents and oils liquid solution for recovery, subjecting the liquid solution to a centrifugation system to extract the Phytoleum hydrocarbon oil from the other components, and refining the final product to yield Phytoleum which is a composition of matter including Tirucallene A and Tirucallene B and other oligomerized pentenes.

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Номер записи: 32

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Method and systems for making distillate fuels from biomass

Номер: US20120198760A1

Автор: Brice Dally, Paul Blommel, Randy CORTRIGHT, Warren Lyman

Принадлежит: Brice Dally, Paul Blommel, Randy CORTRIGHT, Warren Lyman

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems and catalysts for converting biomass and biomass-derived feedstocks to C 8+ hydrocarbons using heterogenous catalysts. The product stream may be separated and further processed for use in chemical applications, or as a neat fuel or a blending component in jet fuel and diesel fuel, or as heavy oils for lubricant and/or fuel oil applications.

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Номер записи: 33

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Methods and products using grass of the genus triodia

Номер: US20120201913A1

Автор: Michael Archer

Принадлежит: Individual

According to this invention, plants of the genus Triodia are harvested for use as a renewable energy source or as a means of carbon sequestration. Triodia is a hummock-forming grass endemic to Australia, commonly known as spinifex. It is an abundant perennial plant which grows in semi-arid and arid regions. The novel use of Triodia as a biofuel feedstock has many advantages over the prior art. Being perennial, there is no need to plant and fertilise crops. The plants can be continuously harvested without damaging the soil. Triodia grows well with even small amounts of natural rainfall.

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Номер записи: 34

09-08-2012 дата публикации

Systems and processes for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and hydrocarbonaceous materials for production of aromatics with optional olefin recycle, and catalysts having selected particle size for catalytic pyrolysis

Номер: US20120203042A1

Автор: Anne Mae Gaffney, George W. Huber, Jungho Jae, Yu-Ting Cheng

Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc, University of Massachusetts UMass

This invention relates to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product, and more specifically, to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product via catalytic pyrolysis. Some embodiments relate to methods for the production of specific aromatic products (e.g., benzene, toluene, naphthalene, xylene, etc.) via catalytic pyrolysis. Some such methods may involve the use of a composition comprising a mixture of a solid hydrocarbonaceous material and a heterogeneous pyrolytic catalyst component. In some embodiments, an olefin compound may be co-fed to the reactor and/or separated from a product stream and recycled to the reactor to improve yield and/or selectivity of certain products. The methods described herein may also involve the use of specialized catalysts. For example, in some cases, zeolite catalysts may be used. In some instances, the catalysts are characterized by particle sizes in certain identified ranges that can lead to improve yield and/or selectivity of certain products.

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Номер записи: 35

16-08-2012 дата публикации

Renewable heating oil

Номер: US20120204479A1

Автор: Maria Magdalena Ramirez CORREDORES, Vicente Sanchez

Принадлежит: Kior Inc

More stable and valuable bio-oil produced from biomasses are provided. More specifically, more stable and valuable bio-oil useful as heating oil is provided. Particularly, various embodiments of the present invention provide for a bio-oil having sufficient heating value and stability to be useful as heating oil without the need to hydrotreat the bio-oil or use a similar deoxygenating process.

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Номер записи: 36

16-08-2012 дата публикации

Selective isomerization and oligomerization of olefin feedstocks for the production of turbine and diesel fuels

Номер: US20120209046A1

Автор: Benjamin G. Harvey, Michael E Wright

Принадлежит: US Department of Navy

A process from converting alcohol feedstock to diesel/turbine fuels.

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Номер записи: 37

16-08-2012 дата публикации

Method and System For the Selective Oxidative Decarboxylation of Fatty Acids

Номер: US20120209049A1

Автор: Alexander Wurthmann, Bryan J. Holmes

Принадлежит: University of Vermont and State Agricultural College

Selective, radically initiated oxidative decarboxylation may produce low viscosity renewable fuels from biologically derived fats and oils. Fatty acids and triglycerides may be decarboxylated using oxidants at a water/oil interface. The oxidants may be produced using photo-Fenton reagents. The reaction advantageously can be carried out at room temperature and pressure and has fewer unwanted byproducts than traditional decarboxylation techniques.

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Номер записи: 38

30-08-2012 дата публикации

Method for producing aviation fuel oil base and aviation fuel oil composition

Номер: US20120216449A1

Автор: Akira Koyama, Hideki Ono, Hideshi Iki, Kazuaki Hayasaka

Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

A method for producing an aviation fuel oil base includes obtaining a first generated oil by hydrotreating a feedstock by bringing a feedstock which includes an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon compound derived from an animal or vegetable oils and fat into contact with a first dual functional catalyst which has dehydrogenation and hydrogenation functions and which includes a metal of group 6A of the periodic table, a metal of group 8, and an amorphous solid acidic substance, in the presence of hydrogen; and obtaining a second generated oil including an aviation fuel oil base by hydroisomerizing the first generated oil by bringing the first generated oil into contact with a second dual functional catalyst which has dehydrogenation and hydrogenation functions and which includes a metal of the group 8 of the periodic table and a crystalline solid acidic substance, in the presence of hydrogen.

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Номер записи: 39

20-09-2012 дата публикации

Fuel composition for a diesel engine

Номер: US20120233911A1

Автор: ]ouko NIKKONEN, Juha Jakkula, Outi Piirainen, Pekka Aalto, Seppo Mikkonen, Ulla Kiiski, Vesa Niemi

Принадлежит: Neste Oyj

The invention is directed to a fuel composition for diesel engines. The fuel composition comprises 0.1-99% by weight of a component or a mixture of components produced from biological raw material originating from plants and/or animals and/or fish. The fuel composition comprises 0-20% of components containing oxygen. Both components are mixed with diesel components based on crude oil and/or fractions from Fischer-Tropsch process.

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Номер записи: 40

27-09-2012 дата публикации

Method of production of fuels from biomass, from low quality coals and from wastes, residues and sludges from sewage treatment plants

Номер: US20120240457A1

Автор: Emmanouil Koukios

Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention concerns a method for the removal of inorganic components such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and heavy metals, from biomass of rural or forest or urban origin or even mixture of different origin biomasses, from low quality coals such as peat, lignite and sub-bituminous/bituminous coals, from urban/industrial origin residues/wastes, which are possible to include as much organic—>5% weight—as inorganic—<95% weight—charge and from sewage treatment plant sludges. The desired goal is achieved with the physicochemical treatment of the raw material. The method can also include the thermal treatment, which can precede or follow the physicochemical one. The application of the thermal treatment depends on the nature and the particular characteristics of each raw material as well as on the feasibility analysis of the whole process in order to determine the optimization point in each case.

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Номер записи: 41

27-09-2012 дата публикации

Methanol to olefins process

Номер: US20120240615A1

Автор: Stephen De Haan

Принадлежит: Lummus Technology Inc

A process for chilling ethylene to required storage temperatures is disclosed, the process including: cooling an ethylene product from at least one of an ethylene production process and an ethylene recovery process via indirect heat exchange with a coolant at a temperature less than about −100° C. to decrease the temperature of the ethylene product; mixing a portion of the cooled ethylene product with methane to form the coolant; expanding at least one of the coolant, the methane, and the portion of the cooled ethylene to reduce a temperature of the coolant to less than −100° C. prior to the cooling; and feeding the heat exchanged coolant to at least one of the ethylene production process, the ethylene recovery process, and an open-loop refrigeration system.

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Номер записи: 42

25-10-2012 дата публикации

Process for the dehydration of aqueous bio-derived terminal alcohols to terminal alkenes

Номер: US20120271089A1

Автор: Michael E. Wright

Принадлежит: US Department of Navy

A method and apparatus for dehydrating bio-1-alcohols to bio-l-alkenes with high selectivity. The bio-1-alkenes are useful in preparing high flashpoint diesel and jet biofuels which are useful to civilian and military applications. Furthermore, the bio-1-alkenes may be converted to biolubricants useful in the transporation sector and other areas requiring high purity/thermally stable lubricants.

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Номер записи: 43

01-11-2012 дата публикации

Biological Oils and Production and Uses Thereof

Номер: US20120272566A1

Автор: David Christian Martin, James Casey Lippmeier, Jon Milton Hansen, Joseph W. Pfeifer, III, Kirk E. Apt, Paul Warren Behrens, William Robert Barclay

Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS BV

The present invention provides biological oils and methods and uses thereof. The biological oils are preferably produced by heterotrophic fermentation of one or more microorganisms using cellulose-containing feedstock as a main source of carbon. The present invention also provides methods of producing lipid-based biofuels and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products using the biological oils.

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Номер записи: 44

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Continuous process for producing biodiesel fuel

Номер: US20120279111A1

Автор: Alfredo Carlos BLASCO GARCÍA

Принадлежит: BIOCOMBUSTIBLES Y ENERGIAS ALTERNATIVAS ALS SA

A continuous process for producing biodiesel fuel with a conversion of triglycerides in biodiesel above 99.90% by weight in the transesterification step, which comprises the following steps: a) providing a triglyceride source at a triglyceride concentration above 99.0% by weight; b) subjecting triglycerides to a transesterification reaction with methanol, ethanol, or the mixtures thereof, at a molar ratio of triglycerides:alcohol 1:3-3.5, in the presence of 0.7 to 1.0% by weight of sodium or potassium hydroxide as catalyst, under ultrasonic cavitation conditions in an ultrasonic cavitation reactor with 2 to 8 serial cavitation cells, at a temperature of 45 to 60° C., at a pressure of 1.5 to 2 MPa (15-20 atm) and during a period of time of 15 to 30 seconds; c) recovering the product of step b) and subjecting it to mechanical agitation operation, at a temperature of 45 to 60° C. for a maximum of 10 minutes, up to the completion of the transesterification reaction, thus obtaining a conversion of triglycerides in biodiesel above 99.90% by weight; d) decanting and/or centrifuging the product resulting from step c) to remove glycerin; e) purifying biodiesel obtained in step d) by exchange resins; and f) removing by distillation methanol and water from the product of step e) and recovering the biodiesel fuel thus obtained.

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Номер записи: 45

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus and Method for Converting Biomass to Feedstock for Biofuel and Biochemical Manufacturing Processes

Номер: US20120280175A1

Автор: Elizabeth M. Woods, John KANIA, Ming Qiao, Paul MYREN, Randy D. Cortright

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

Improved systems and methods for producing feedstock for biofuel and biochemical manufacturing processes are disclosed. Some systems and methods use components that are capable of transferring relatively high concentrations of solid biomass. Some systems and methods recycle a deconstruction catalyst.

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Номер записи: 46

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Method of Producing Gaseous Products Using a Downflow Reactor

Номер: US20120282163A1

Автор: Charles C. Hornemann, Randy D. Cortright, Robert T. Rozmiarek

Принадлежит: Virent Energy Systems Inc, Virent Inc

Reactor systems and methods are provided for the catalytic conversion of liquid feedstocks to synthesis gases and other noncondensable gaseous products. The reactor systems include a heat exchange reactor configured to allow the liquid feedstock and gas product to flow concurrently in a downflow direction. The reactor systems and methods are particularly useful for producing hydrogen and light hydrocarbons from biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons using aqueous phase reforming. The generated gases may find used as a fuel source for energy generation via PEM fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells, internal combustion engines, or gas turbine gensets, or used in other chemical processes to produce additional products. The gaseous products may also be collected for later use or distribution.

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Номер записи: 47

08-11-2012 дата публикации

Lignin Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Номер: US20120282467A1

Автор: Kiran Kadam, Krishnan V. Iyer, Michel A. Simard

Принадлежит: Renmatix Inc

Methods are disclosed for providing lignin product of a small particle size for improving burning efficiency and for avoiding typical equipment fouling problems while maximizing energy recovery.

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Номер записи: 48

29-11-2012 дата публикации

Process for preparing an alkene

Номер: US20120302810A1

Автор: Stephen Roy Partington

Принадлежит: Individual

A process for the preparation of an alkene from an oxygenate comprising contacting a reactant feedstream comprising at least one oxygenate reactant and water with a supported heteropolyacid catalyst at a temperature of at least 170° C., wherein the process is initiated using a start-up procedure comprising the following steps: (i) heating the supported heteropolyacid catalyst to a temperature of at least 220° C.; (ii) maintaining the heat-treated supported heteropolyacid catalyst of step (i) at a temperature of at least 220° C. for a time sufficient to remove bound water from the heteropolyacid component of the supported heteropolyacid catalyst; and (iii) whilst maintaining the supported heteropolyacid catalyst of step (ii) at a temperature of at least 220° C., contacting the supported heteropolyacid catalyst with the reactant feedstream having a temperature of at least 220° C.

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Номер записи: 49

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Process for the treatment of crude oil and petroleum products

Номер: US20120305383A1

Автор: Sergey Sorokin

Принадлежит: VISCOIL HOLDINGS LLC

There is provided a process, and a device, for the treatment of crude oil, component(s) of crude, or mixtures thereof, to convert components of said hydrocarbon liquid to products having boiling points that are lower than the boiling points of said components prior to treatment. The process comprises subjecting crude to be treated to ultrasound vibrations and to an electromagnetic field emitted by a an electromagnetic field generator; wherein the electromagnetic field emitted by said electromagnetic field generator comprises a component of electromagnetic field modulated by an electromagnetic field emitted from the crude to be treated on the exposure thereof to ultrasound vibrations.

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Номер записи: 50

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Thermally Rearranged (TR) Polymers as Membranes for Ethanol Dehydration

Номер: US20120305484A1

Автор: Benny D. Freeman, Chaoyi Ba, Claudio P. Ribeiro, JR., Donald R. Paul, Katrina CZENKUSCH

Принадлежит: University of Texas System

Synthesis and use of a new class of polymeric materials with favorable separation characteristics for the dehydration of ethanol and other organic solvents is described herein. The thermally rearranged (TR) polybenzoxazole (PBO), polybenzimidazole (PBI) and polybenzothiazole (PBT) membranes of the present invention can be used for the dehydration of ethanol during processing to fuel grade biodiesel by either pervaporation or vapor permeation. The unique microstructure of the membranes provides excellent separation characteristics, and this, coupled with their inherent thermal and chemical stability, enables their usage in other separations, such as the dehydration of other organic solvents.

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Номер записи: 51

06-12-2012 дата публикации

Generation of hydrogen from hydrocarbon bearing materials

Номер: US20120309070A1

Автор: Eric L. Szaloczi, Glenn A. Ulrich, James B. Dodson, Jeffrey L. Weber, Robert S. Pfeiffer, Roland P. DeBruyn

Принадлежит: Luca Technologies LLC

Disclosed are strategies for the economical microbial generation of hydrogen, useful as an alternative energy source, from hydrocarbon-rich deposits such as coal, oil and/or gas formations, oil shale, bitumen, tar sands, carbonaceous shale, peat deposits and sediments rich in organic matter through the management of the metabolism of microbial consortia.

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Номер записи: 52

13-12-2012 дата публикации

Production of liquid fuels (sylvan-liquid-fuels) from 2-methylfuran

Номер: US20120316372A1

Автор: Avelino Corma Canos, Michael Renz, Olalla De La Torre Alfaro

Принадлежит: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC, UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE VALENCIA

The present invention describes a procedure for the production of liquid fuel having a content high in alkanes and low in oxygenated compounds, comprising as a minimum: —a first step of alkylation of 2-methylfuran (commonly denominated Sylvan) with a furan alcohol 2 having the formula: (2), wherein R 1 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety, R 2 is H or an aliphatic or aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety, and R 3 is H, hydroxymethyl or an aliphatic or aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety, in the presence of a catalyst, —a second step of hydrogenation and dehydration of the compound obtained in step 1 in the presence of hydrogen, utilising suitable hydrogenation and dehydration catalysts.

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Номер записи: 53

20-12-2012 дата публикации

Hydrothermal hydrocatalytic treatment of biomass

Номер: US20120317873A1

Автор: Glenn Charles Komplin, John Anthony Smegal, Joseph Broun Powell, Kimberly Ann Johnson

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

A method of hydrothermal hydrocatalytic treating biomass is provided. Lignocellulosic biomass is treated with a digestive solvent to form a pretreated biomass containing soluble carbohydrates. The pretreated biomass is contacted, with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of 150° C. to less than 300° C. in the presence of a pH buffering agent and a supported hydrogenolysis catalyst containing (a) sulfur, (b) Mo or W, and (c) Co, Ni or mixture thereof, incorporated into a suitable support, to form a plurality of oxygenated hydrocarbons.

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Номер записи: 54

03-01-2013 дата публикации

Pyrolysis and gasification systems, methods, and resultants derived therefrom

Номер: US20130004409A1

Автор: Richard D. TUCKER

Принадлежит: TUCKER ENGR ASSOC Inc

A process and system for the controlled thermal conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock, including: exposing the feedstock to one or more predetermined temperatures and one or more predetermined pressures for one or more predetermined amounts of time in one or more chambers to produce a gas product and a solid product, wherein the gas product includes one or more of methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and one or more noxious chemicals and the solid product includes Carbon; sequestration enabling at least a portion of the Carbon by creating associated Lewis Acid Sites; sequestering at least one of the one or more noxious chemicals in the one or more chambers using the sequestration enabled Carbon; and controlling the constituents of the gas product using feedback, thereby providing a predictable and stable gas product from an unknown and/or variable feedstock.

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Номер записи: 55

10-01-2013 дата публикации

Deoxygenation of fatty acids for preparation of hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130008080A1

Автор: Heather M. Brown, James F. White, Karl O. Albrecht, Richard T. Hallen

Принадлежит: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc

Embodiments of methods for making renewable diesel by deoxygenating (decarboxylating/decarbonylating/dehydrating) fatty acids to produce hydrocarbons are disclosed. Fatty acids are exposed to a catalyst selected from a) Pt and MO 3 on ZrO 2 (M is W, Mo, or a combination thereof), or b) Pt/Ge or Pt/Sn on carbon, and the catalyst decarboxylates at least 10% of the fatty acids. In particular embodiments, the catalyst consists essentially of 0.7 wt % Pt and 12 wt % WO 3 , relative to a mass of catalyst, or the catalyst consists essentially of a) 5 wt % Pt and b) 0.5 wt % Ge or 0.5 wt % Sn, relative to a mass of catalyst. Deoxygenation is performed without added hydrogen and at less than 100 psi. Disclosed embodiments of the catalysts deoxygenate at least 10% of fatty acids in a fatty acid feed, and remain capable of deoxygenating fatty acids for at least 200 minutes to more than 350 hours.

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Номер записи: 56

24-01-2013 дата публикации

Cooling and processing materials

Номер: US20130023020A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Systems and methods for cooling and processing materials are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 57

24-01-2013 дата публикации

Serial Deconstruction of Biomass

Номер: US20130023702A1

Автор: Elizabeth Woods, Ming Qiao, Paul MYREN, Randy CORTRIGHT

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass using water. The method generally includes loading a reactor with biomass and water, heating the reactor to a first deconstruction temperature and establishing a first deconstruction pressure, maintaining the reactor at the first deconstruction temperature and a first deconstruction pressure for a first deconstruction period, flushing the reactor with water, and repeating these steps one or more times after establishing a second deconstructing temperature and second deconstruction pressure.

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Номер записи: 58

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Asphalt Binder Modifier Composition

Номер: US20130029101A1

Автор: Dan STROPE, Jeffrey C. Trewalla

Принадлежит: Kior Inc

Asphalt binder modifiers derived from the thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass are provided. The asphalt binder modifiers are useful as anti-stripping agents and in increasing tensile strength ratios for asphalt concrete, asphalt-containing roofing materials, and other asphalt applications.

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Номер записи: 59

31-01-2013 дата публикации

Methods and apparatuses for producing aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent

Номер: US20130030228A1

Автор: John Qianjun Chen

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent are provided herein. The method comprises the step of rapidly heating a biomass-based feedstock to a first predetermined temperature of from about 300 to about 650° C. in the presence of a catalyst, hydrogen, and an organic solvent within a time period of about 20 minutes or less to form the aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent. The biomass-based feedstock comprises lignocellulosic material, lignin, or a combination thereof.

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Номер записи: 60

14-02-2013 дата публикации

Production of chemicals and fuels from biomass

Номер: US20130036660A1

Автор: Elizabeth Woods, John KANIA, Ming Qiao, Paul MYREN, Randy D. Cortright

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting in a continuous process biomass to fuels and chemicals. The invention includes methods of converting the water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C 2+ O 1-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C 2+ O 1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.

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Номер записи: 61

28-02-2013 дата публикации

Process for production of biodiesel

Номер: US20130053591A1

Автор: Eckhard Seidel, Helmut Saft, Norbert Palauschek, Rudolf Boensch

Принадлежит: LURGI GMBH

A process for continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oils or animal fats by transesterification with methanol or ethanol to give crude fatty acid alkyl esters, subsequent washing with water in a wash column to remove water-soluble impurities, subsequent drying by vaporization of the water content and subsequent removal of steryl glycosides by adsorption onto calcium bentonite, wherein the adsorption column(s) used is/are regenerated in a first step, for desorption of the steryl glycosides, by rinsing with a mixture consisting of fatty acid alkyl esters and methanol or ethanol, and in a subsequent second step, for removal of methanol residues, by rinsing with fatty acid alkyl esters or with gaseous nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

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Номер записи: 62

21-03-2013 дата публикации

Production method for biofuel

Номер: US20130071889A1

Автор: Hiroaki Kato, Iwao Ueda, Ken Amano, Kengo Suzuki, Ko Yamashita, Nobuo Aoki, Ryo Arashida, Ryohei Nakano, Takashi Kaneko, Yukio Fukushima

Принадлежит: Individual

The present invention provides a production method for biofuel based on a technology to convert carbon-dioxide as a carbon source through photosynthesis by photosynthetic microorganisms to biomass and produce biofuel of the biomass. The production method for biofuel of the present invention comprises a culturing process (S 1 ) of culturing in a culture solution photosynthetic microorganisms which store oils, fats and carbohydrates in cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, an oil and fat conversion process (S 2 ) of converting the carbohydrates stored in the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms cultured in the culture apparatus to oils and fats, an extraction process (S 3 ) of extracting the oils and fats out of the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, and a reforming process (S 4 ) to reform the extracted oils and fats.

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Номер записи: 63

21-03-2013 дата публикации

Recovery of Oleaginous Tricyglycerols from Wastewater Title of Invention Treatment Plant Foams

Номер: US20130072706A1

Автор: Elizabeth J. Summer, Mei Liu, Sarah Dugleby

Принадлежит: PHASE BIOCONTROL RES LLC

Tricyglycerols that may be converted to biofuel are recovered from oleaginous organisms in the natural and induced foam of wastewater treatment process plants. Growing oleaginous organisms in the form of comparatively dry foam simplifies harvest and is more efficient and efficacious than skimming the biomass off the top of the liquids that rely on less efficient centrifugation or filtration methods typically required to concentrate cells grown in liquids.

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Номер записи: 64

02-05-2013 дата публикации

Method for upgrading an oil, a fuel product and a hydrocarbon product fraction

Номер: US20130105356A1

Автор: Arjen Nieuwhof, Ivo Johannes DIJS, Johannes Pieter HAAN, Karin BUS

Принадлежит: Shell Oil Co

Pyrolysis oil is upgraded by evaporating water from a mixture of the pyrolysis oil and a hydrocarbon having an atmospheric boiling point of at least 130° C. The method yields a de-watered pyrolysis oil mixture.

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Номер записи: 65

16-05-2013 дата публикации

Synthesis of High Caloric Fuels and Chemicals

Номер: US20130118063A1

Автор: Jan Zygmunt, John Henri, Mark Bergren, Robert Zubrin

Принадлежит: PIONEER ENERGY INC

In one embodiment, the present application discloses methods to selectively synthesize higher alcohols and hydrocarbons useful as fuels and industrial chemicals from syngas and biomass. Ketene and ketonization chemistry along with hydrogenation reactions are used to synthesize fuels and chemicals. In another embodiment, ketene used to form fuels and chemicals may be manufactured from acetic acid which in turn can be synthesized from synthesis gas which is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, etc.

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Номер записи: 66

23-05-2013 дата публикации

System and process for biomass conversion to renewable fuels with byproducts recycled to gasifier

Номер: US20130131196A1

Автор: Michael Cheiky, Rajashekharam Malyala, Vern S. Traxler

Принадлежит: Cool Planet Biofuels Inc, Cool Planet Energy Systems Inc

This invention relates generally to a method and system for improving the conversion of carbon-containing feed stocks to renewable fuels, and more particularly to a thermal chemical conversion of biomass to renewable fuels and other useful chemical compounds, including gasoline and diesel, via a unique combination of unique processes. More particularly, this combination of processes includes (a) a selective pyrolysis of biomass, which produces volatile hydrocarbons and a biochar; (b) the volatile hydrocarbons are upgraded in a novel catalytic process to renewable fuels, (c) the biochar is gasified at low pressure with recycled residual gases from the catalytic process to produce synthesis gas, (d) the synthesis gas is converted to dimethyl ether in a novel catalytic process, and (e) the dimethyl ether is recycled to the selective pyrolysis process.

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Номер записи: 67

30-05-2013 дата публикации

Biomasses for the production of alternative petrochemical feedstock

Номер: US20130134351A1

Автор: Christopher Francis Bathurst

Принадлежит: BHT GLOBAL HOLDINGS Ltd

Systems and methods for the recomposition and conversion of biomasses to alternative petrochemical feedstock are herein disclosed. According to one embodiment, a process involves reducing the particle size of at least one constituent of a biomass feedstock, removing at least one constituent from the biomass feedstock and adding at least one constituent to the biomass feedstock.

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Номер записи: 68

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Liquid fuel composition with alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, with ignition by compression

Номер: US20130139430A1

Автор: Jose Antonio Fabre

Принадлежит: Individual

A liquid fuel composition includes alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, the liquid fuel composition being for ignition by compression. Various examples pertain to a liquid fuel composition with alcohols of four carbon atoms and additives, with ignition by compression to a diesel cycle fuel engine where the fuel can be able to be produced by means of biotechnology from renewable biologic source, including processes of fermentation of sugars or materials available on sugar and ethanol plants. As an example, a produced fuel can be used conventionally as replacement of diesel in urban transportation vehicles or roads and can be an alternative to diesel fuel. The composition can be employed alone or mixed to fossil diesel oil (e.g., in the engine, etc.).

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Номер записи: 69

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Process for hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a sulphide catalyst prepared using a cyclic oligosaccharide

Номер: US20130140215A1

Автор: Audrey Bonduelle, Fabrice Diehl

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

Hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a catalyst comprising an acidic support and an active phase formed from at least one metal from group VIII and at least one metal from group VIB, said catalyst being prepared using a process comprising, in succession: contacting a pre-catalyst comprising said metal from group VIII, said metal from group VIB and said acidic support with a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; contacting the acidic support with a solution containing a precursor of metal from group VIII, a precursor of said metal from group VIB and a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits; and contacting acidic support with a cyclic oligosaccharide of at least 6α-(1,4)-bonded glucopyranose subunits followed by a second contacting acidic solid with a precursor of metal from group VIII and a precursor of metal from group VIB; drying; heat treatment; sulphurization.

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Номер записи: 70

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Renewable gas oil derived from biomass

Номер: US20130144094A1

Автор: Alexandru Platon, Brian C. Dunn, Edgar LOTERO, Kristi A. Fjare, Leendert Arie Gerritsen, Ronald E. Brown, Sourabh S. Pansare, Stephen Marshall

Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Co

A single pass direct conversion of biomass derived oxygenates to longer chain hydrocarbons is described. The longer chain hydrocarbons include higher naphthene content which is quite useful in the distillate range fuels or more particularly, the jet and diesel range fuels. Naphthenes help the biomass derived hydrocarbons meet product specifications for jet and diesel while really helping cold flow properties.

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Номер записи: 71

06-06-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing hydrocarbon oil and system for producing hydrocarbon oil

Номер: US20130144099A1

Автор: Kazuhiko Tasaka, Marie Iwama, Yuichi Tanaka

Принадлежит: Cosmo Oil Co Ltd, Inpex Corp, Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corp, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd, JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Engineering Co Ltd

Hydrocarbon oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction using a catalyst within a slurry bed reactor is fractionated into a distilled oil and a column bottom oil in a rectifying column, part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a first transfer line that connects a column bottom of the rectifying column to a hydrocracker, at least part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a second transfer line branched from the first transfer line and connected to the first transfer line downstream of the branching point, the amount of the catalyst fine powder to be captured is monitored while the catalyst fine powder in the column bottom oil that flows in the second transfer line are captured by a detachable filter provided in the second transfer line, and the column bottom oil is hydrocracked within the hydrocracker.

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Номер записи: 72

13-06-2013 дата публикации

Application of Bacteriophages for the Control of Unwanted Bacteria in Biofuel Production Mediated by Bacterial Reactive Agents

Номер: US20130149759A1

Автор: Elizabeth J. Summer, Mei Liu

Принадлежит: Phage Biocontrol Res LLC

A method of reducing process interruptions in biofuel production systems mediated by bacterial reactive agents by reducing the amount of unwanted bacteria without reduction of wanted or useful bacteria. The method comprises applying a phage panel(s) containing phage virulent for unwanted bacteria that does not contain phage phages virulent wanted bacteria. The method includes, optionally, the selective production of solutions of phage for unwanted bacteria from which phages for wanted bacteria are screened out.

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Номер записи: 73

20-06-2013 дата публикации

Methods for deoxygenating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil

Номер: US20130152454A1

Автор: Francis Stephen Lupton, Lance Awender Baird, Timothy A. Brandvold

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Methods for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In an embodiment, a method for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil comprises the steps of combining a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream with a heated low-oxygen-pyoil diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream has a feed temperature of about 150° C. or greater. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent.

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Номер записи: 74

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Processing of Dielectric Fluids with Mobile Charge Carriers

Номер: US20130161232A1

Автор: David A. Staack, Robert P. Geiger

Принадлежит: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

Provided herewith is a novel method of controllably processing a dielectric fluid by creating discharges within the dielectric fluid from mobile charge carriers contained within the dielectric fluid. Generally, the dielectric fluid and the mobile charge carriers are between two electrodes which apply a voltage to the charge carriers. In one embodiment, the dielectric fluid is a hydrocarbon fluid such as a heavy crude oil or a fuel. In one embodiment the charge carrier comprises water droplets. In another embodiment, the mobile charge carriers are metallic balls. In both instances the discharges initiate from the mobile charge carriers.

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Номер записи: 75

27-06-2013 дата публикации

Process for conversion of paraffinic feedstocks obtained from the biomass of middle distillate bases employing at least one izm-2 zeolite-based catalyst

Номер: US20130165730A1

Автор: Christophe Bouchy, Emmanuelle Guillon, Filipe Manuel Marques Mota

Принадлежит: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN

The invention relates to a process for conversion of a paraffinic feedstock that has a number of carbon atoms of between 9 and 25, whereby said paraffinic feedstock is produced starting from renewable resources, employing a catalyst that comprises at least one hydrogenating-dehydrogenating metal that is selected from the group that is formed by the metals of group VIB and group VIII of the periodic table, taken by themselves or in a mixture, and a substrate that comprises at least one IZM-2 zeolite and at least one binder, with said process being carried out at a temperature of between 150 and 500° C., at a pressure of between 0.1 MPa and 15 MPa, at an hourly volumetric flow rate of between 0.1 and 10 h −1 , and in the presence of a total quantity of hydrogen mixed with the feedstock such that the hydrogen/feedstock ratio is between 70 and 2,000 Nm 3 /m 3 of feedstock.

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Номер записи: 76

25-07-2013 дата публикации

Biological and Chemical Process Utilizing Chemoautotrophic Microorganisms

Номер: US20130189750A1

Автор: Alan E. Bland, Jeffrey M. Morris, Jesse D. Newcomer, Patricia Colberg, Patrick Richards, Paul Fallgren, Song Jin

Принадлежит: University of Wyoming Research Corp (dba Western Research Institute)

Methods and systems to achieve clean fuel processing systems in which carbon dioxide emissions ( 1 ) from sources ( 2 ) may be processed in at least one processing reactor ( 4 ) containing a plurality of chemoautotrophic bacteria ( 5 ) which can convert the carbon dioxide emissions into biomass ( 6 ) which may then be used for various products ( 21 ) such as biofuels, fertilizer, feedstock, or the like. Sulfate reducing bacteria ( 13 ) may be used to supply sulfur containing compounds to the chemoautotrophic bacteria ( 5 ).

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Номер записи: 77

01-08-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass

Номер: US20130196386A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 78

15-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for the Production of Hydrocarbon Products

Номер: US20130210096A1

Автор: James Obern, Michael Anthony Schultz, Sean Dennis Simpson

Принадлежит: Lanzatech New Zealand Ltd

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

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Номер записи: 79

15-08-2013 дата публикации

Fischer-tropsch catalyst regeneration

Номер: US20130210939A1

Автор: Erling Rytter, Oyvind Borg, Sigrid Eri, Torild Hulsund Skagseth

Принадлежит: GTL F1 AG

A process for the regeneration of deactivated catalyst from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, the catalyst being a supported cobalt catalyst. The process comprises the following steps: a withdrawal step, in which a portion of deactivated catalyst together with liquid hydrocarbon is withdrawn from the reactor; a concentration step, in which the concentration of the catalyst in the liquid hydrocarbon is increased; a calcination step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is subjected to an oxidising gas to oxidise carbonaceous material contained in the deactivated catalyst in to gaseous oxides of the components of the carbonaceous material; and a reactivation step, in which the deactivated catalyst composition is reactivated to produced a regenerated catalyst.

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Номер записи: 80

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Process for the manufacture of butanol or acetone

Номер: US20130219776A1

Автор: Jane Samantha White, Kenneth Alexander Leiper, Martin Tangney, Sandra Messenger

Принадлежит: CELTIC RENEWABLES Ltd

A process for the manufacture of butanol, acetone and/or other renewable chemicals is provided wherein the process utilises one or more of the group comprising by-products of the manufacture of malt whisky, such as draff, pot ale and/or spent lees, biomass substrates, such as paper, sludge from paper manufacture and spent grains from distillers and brewers, and diluents, such as water and spent liquid from other fermentations. The process comprises treating a substrate to hydrolyse it and fermenting the treated substrate at an initial pH in the range of 5.0 to 6.0. Also provided is a biofuel comprising butanol manufactured according to the process of the invention.

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Номер записи: 81

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Continuous process for conversion of lignin to useful compounds

Номер: US20130224816A1

Автор: Aaron MURRAY, Dan Gastaldo, Guliz Arf Elliott, Steven RYBA

Принадлежит: Chemtex Italia SpA

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles.

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Номер записи: 82

29-08-2013 дата публикации

Continuous process for conversion of lignin to useful compounds

Номер: US20130225855A1

Автор: Aaron MURRAY, Dan Gastaldo, Guliz Arf Elliott, Steven RYBA

Принадлежит: Chemtex Italia SpA

This specification discloses an operational continuous process to convert lignin as found in ligno-cellulosic biomass before or after converting at least some of the carbohydrates. The continuous process has been demonstrated to create a slurry comprised of lignin, raise the slurry comprised of lignin to ultra-high pressure, deoxygenate the lignin in a lignin conversion reactor over a catalyst which is not a fixed bed without producing char. The conversion products of the carbohydrates or lignin can be further processed into polyester intermediates for use in polyester preforms and bottles.

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Номер записи: 83

05-09-2013 дата публикации

Silica composite, method for producing the same, and method for producing propylene using the silica composite

Номер: US20130231515A1

Автор: Kenji Akagishi, Ryusuke Miyazaki

Принадлежит: Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp

The present invention provides a method for producing a silica composite by the steps of: preparing a raw material mixture containing silica and zeolite; drying the raw material mixture to obtain a dried product; and calcining the dried product, wherein the method comprising the step of allowing the raw material mixture to contain phosphoric acid and/or phosphate or bringing a solution of phosphoric acid and/or phosphate into contact with the zeolite and/or the dried product, or a combination thereof to thereby adjust a phosphorus content in the silica composite to 0.01 to 1.0% by mass based on the total mass of the silica composite.

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Номер записи: 84

12-09-2013 дата публикации

Method for tiered production of biobased chemicals and biofuels from lignin

Номер: US20130232852A1

Автор: Benjamin M.T. Scott, John R. Peterson, Vladimir Romakh

Принадлежит: Thesis Chemistry LLC

The present invention is directed generally to a method of production of value-added, biobased chemicals from lignin sources, including waste lignin. A method of using a depolymerization of lignin to create a tiered production of biobased aromatic chemicals and biofuels is also described herein. The method described herein may also allow for the selective production of the biobased aromatic chemicals and biofuels. Additionally, a reduction of waste products may also be provided from the present method.

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Номер записи: 85

03-10-2013 дата публикации

Dehydrogenation of alkanols to increase yield of aromatics

Номер: US20130261361A1

Автор: Li Yuan, Matt VAN STRATEN, Paul G. Blommel, Randy D. Cortright, Warren Lyman

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

The present invention provides methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for increasing the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons produced while converting alkanols to hydrocarbons. The invention includes methods of using catalysts to increase the yield of benzene, toluene, and mixed xylenes in the hydrocarbon product.

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Номер записи: 86

17-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass and petroleum containing materials

Номер: US20130273612A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 87

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing Biomass Containing Materials

Номер: US20130288307A1

Автор: Marshall Medoff

Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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Номер записи: 88

31-10-2013 дата публикации

Methods and systems for generating polyols

Номер: US20130289302A1

Автор: Randy D. Cortright

Принадлежит: Virent Inc

Disclosed are methods for generating propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols from biomass using hydrogen produced from the biomass. The methods involve reacting a portion of an aqueous stream of a biomass feedstock solution over a catalyst under aqueous phase reforming conditions to produce hydrogen, and then reacting the hydrogen and the aqueous feedstock solution over a catalyst to produce propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and the other polyols, diols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and alcohols. The disclosed methods can be run at lower temperatures and pressures, and allows for the production of oxygenated hydrocarbons without the need for hydrogen from an external source.

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Номер записи: 89

14-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for the manufacture of butanol or acetone

Номер: US20130298453A1

Автор: Jane Samantha White, Kenneth Alexander Leiper, Martin Tangney, Sandra Messenger

Принадлежит: CELTIC RENEWABLES Ltd

A process for the manufacture of butanol, acetone and/or other renewable chemicals is provided wherein the process utilises one or more of the group comprising by-products of the manufacture of malt whisky, such as pot ale and/or spent lees, biomass substrates, such as paper, sludge from paper manufacture and spent grains from distillers and brewers, and diluents, such as water and spent liquid from other fermentations. The process comprises treating a substrate to hydrolyse it and fermenting the treated. Also provided is a biofuel comprising butanol manufactured according to the process of the invention.

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Номер записи: 90

14-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for conversion of lower aliphatic ethers to aromatics and lower olefins

Номер: US20130303814A1

Автор: Aghaddin Kh. Mammadov, Ali Said Al-Khuraimi

Принадлежит: Saudi Basic Industries Corp

The invention relates to a process for converting a feed stream consisting of reactive components and an optional feed diluent to a product stream comprising aromatic hydrocarbons and C2-C3 olefins, wherein the reactive components comprise at least 90 vol % of an aliphatic ether selected from the group consisting of methyl tertiary butyl ether and ethyl tertiary butyl ether, the process comprising the step of contacting the feed stream with a catalyst composition comprising a zeolite catalyst, wherein the zeolite catalyst is a zeolite modified by Ga and an element M1 selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd and Cu.

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Номер записи: 91

21-11-2013 дата публикации

Coprocessing of biofeeds with group vi metal catalysts

Номер: US20130310618A1

Автор: Bradley R. Fingland, Patrick Loring Hanks

Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

Feedstocks containing biocomponent materials are coprocessed with mineral feeds using a Group VI metal catalyst prior to hydrodesulfurization of the feedstocks. The Group VI metal catalyst is optionally a physically promoted Group VI metal catalyst.

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Номер записи: 92

28-11-2013 дата публикации

Method for regenerating and hydrogenation catalyst

Номер: US20130316893A1

Автор: Dae Chul Kim, Dong-Hyun Ko, Moo Ho Hong, O Hak Kwon, Sung Shik Eom

Принадлежит: LG Chem Ltd

Disclosed is a method for regenerating a hydrogenation catalyst. More specifically, disclosed is a method for regenerating a hydrogenation catalyst poisoned during hydrogenation of a hydroformylation product for preparation of alcohol by stopping hydrogenation in a hydrogenation stationary phase reactor in which the hydrogenation catalyst is set and flowing hydrogen gas under a high temperature normal pressure. The method has an effect in that the poisoned hydrogenation catalyst can be efficiently recovered through a simple process.

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Номер записи: 93

28-11-2013 дата публикации

Process for generating a synthetic natural gas

Номер: US20130317126A1

Автор: Gordon Edward Wilson, Norman MacLeod, Peter Edward James Abbott

Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

A process is described for reducing the thiophene content in a synthesis gas mixture, comprising comprises the steps of (i) passing a synthesis gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon oxides and containing thiophene over a copper-containing sorbent disposed in a sorbent vessel at an inlet temperature in the range 200-280 oC, (ii) withdrawing a thiophene depleted synthesis gas containing methanol from the sorbent vessel, and (iii) adjusting the temperature of the methanol-containing thiophene-depleted synthesis gas mixture. The resulting gas mixture may be used for production of chemicals, e.g. methanol production or for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of liquid hydrocarbons, for hydrogen production by using water gas shift, or for the production of synthetic natural gas.

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Номер записи: 94

28-11-2013 дата публикации

Methods for co-production of alkylbenzene and biofuel from natural oils using hydrocracking

Номер: US20130317267A1

Автор: Amarendra Anumakonda, Andrea G. Bozzano, Joao Jorge da Silva Ferreira Alves, Srikantiah Raghuram

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Embodiments of methods for the production of linear alkylbenzene and optionally biofuel from a natural oil are provided. A method comprises the step of deoxygenating the natural oils to form paraffins. A first portion of the paraffins is hydrocracked to form a first stream of normal and lightly branched paraffins in the C 9 to C 14 range and a second stream of isoparaffins. The first stream is dehydrogenated to provide mono-olefins. Then, benzene is alkylated with the mono-olefins under alkylation conditions to provide an alkylation effluent comprising alkylbenzenes and benzene. Thereafter, the alkylbenzenes are isolated to provide the alkylbenzene product. Optionally a second portion of the paraffins and the isoparaffins are processed to form biofuel.

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Номер записи: 95

12-12-2013 дата публикации

Char-Handling Processes in a Pyrolysis System

Номер: US20130327629A1

Автор: Barry Freel, Daniel N. Myers, Paolo Palmas, Paul A. Sechrist, Sid Kulprathipanja, Stanley J. Frey

Принадлежит: Ensyn Renewables Inc

Char-handling processes for controlling overall heat balance, ash accumulation, and afterburn in a reheater are provided. Carbonaceous biomass feedstock is pyrolyzed using a heat transfer medium forming pyrolysis products and a spent heat transfer medium. The spent heat transfer medium is separated into segregated char and char-depleted spent heat transfer medium. The char-depleted spent heat transfer medium is introduced into a dense bed of heat transfer medium fluidized by a stream of oxygen-containing regeneration gas. All or a portion of the segregated char is combusted in the dense bed using the stream of oxygen-containing regeneration gas. A portion of the segregated char may be exported out of the pyrolysis system to control the overall heat balance and ash accumulation.

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Номер записи: 96

26-12-2013 дата публикации

Pretreatment of biomass using steam explosion methods

Номер: US20130341569A1

Автор: John T. Turner, Robert S. Ampulski, Wayne W. Simmons

Принадлежит: Sundrop Fuels Inc

An integrated plant that includes a steam explosion process unit and biomass gasifier to generate syngas from biomass. A steam explosion process unit applies a combination of heat, pressure, and moisture to the biomass to make the biomass into a moist fine particle form. The steam explosion process unit applies steam with a high pressure to heat and pressurize any gases and fluids present inside the biomass to internally blow apart the bulk structure of the biomass via a rapid depressurization of the biomass with the increased moisture content. Those produced moist fine particles of biomass are subsequently fed to a feed section of the biomass gasifier, which reacts the biomass particles in a rapid biomass gasification reaction to produce syngas components.

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Номер записи: 97

26-12-2013 дата публикации

Method for fractionating jatropha seeds

Номер: US20130345456A1

Автор: Detlef Ullmann, Ines Speiser, Stefan Kirchner

Принадлежит: GEA MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT GMBH

A method for the solvent-free fractionation of jatropha seeds having a phorbol ester content and at least one fraction.

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Номер записи: 98

26-12-2013 дата публикации

Methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil

Номер: US20130345487A1

Автор: Lance Awender Baird, Timothy A. Brandvold

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In one example, a method comprises the steps of separating a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent into a low-oxygen-pyoil organic phase stream and an aqueous phase stream. Phenolic compounds are removed from the aqueous phase stream to form a phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is diluted and heated with the phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to deoxygenate the heated diluted pyoil feed stream.

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Номер записи: 99

02-01-2014 дата публикации

Metallophosphate molecular sieves, methods of preparation and use

Номер: US20140004024A1

Автор: Gregory J. Lewis, Justin E. Stanczyk, Lisa M. Knight, Paulina Jakubczak

Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-57 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R + r M m n+ EP x Si y O z where R is an organoammonium cation such as the DEDMA + , M is a divalent framework metal such as an alkaline earth or transition metal, and E is a framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The microporous AlPO-57 compositions are characterized by a new unique ABC-6 net structure and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

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Номер записи: 100