СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГИДРОКСИАРОМАТИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

Изобретение относится к способу получения гидроксиароматических соединений окислением ароматических соединений закисью азота в газовой фазе в присутствии цеолитов. Способ осуществляют взаимодействием ароматических соединений формулы (I) Ar-Rn, где Ar означает бензол или нафталин, R означает бром, хлор, фтор, NO2, CN, NH2, гидрокси, алкил с 1-6 атомами углерода или фенил и n означает 0, 1 или 2, с закисью азота в газовой фазе в присутствии цеолитов, выбранных из ряда пентасил, ферриерит и цеолит-β. Цеолит имеет размер кристаллитов меньше 100 нм и его предварительно перед использованием кальцинируют в течение 0,5-18 ч при температуре от 500 до 1350°С. Предпочтительно цеолит перед кальционированием модифицируют осаждением силана или борана. Технический результат - осуществление процесса в одну стадию с высоким выходом конечного продукта с минимальным образованием побочных продуктов. 10 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл.

СПОСОБ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ И КАТАЛИЗАТОР ДЛЯ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

Изобретение относится к способу окисления углеводородов в присутствии смеси водорода и кислорода на катализаторе, содержащем 0,5-10 мас.% серебра и титансодержащий носитель, отличающемуся тем, что катализатор содержит: a) титансодержащий носитель, такой как титанилгидрат, диоксид титана или смешанные оксиды кремния и титана, или смешанные оксиды кремния, алюминия и титана, b) частицы серебра со средним размером частиц от 0,3 до 100 нм. Также изобретение относится к указанному катализатору. Данный способ находит свое применение в промышленности для получения, например, оксидов этилена и пропилена. Технический результат – повышение селективности процесса, а также увеличение выхода продукта с уменьшением затрат. 2 н. и 6 з.п. ф-лы.

SUBMICROSCOPIC PARTICLES OF ANION EXCHANGE RESIN AND ANION EXCHANGE PROCESS USING THEM

FILME AUS MEHRSCHICHTIGEN KOHLENSTOFF-NANORÖHREN

Magnetpulver-Herstellungsverfahren, Magnetpulver und Verbundmagnete

Ultrathin protective overcoats for magnetic materials

Method for consolidation of sand formations using nanoparticles

A method for consolidating an unconsolidated formation includes the steps of providing a well 10 drilled to an unconsolidated formation 12, providing a consolidation fluid 16 in the form of a fluid suspension of nanoparticles, and flowing said consolidation fluid through the well and into the unconsolidated formation so as to position the nanoparticles between grains of the unconsolidated formation whereby the formation is consolidated over time. The suspended particles have an average particle size of 1 to 200 nm, and may comprise particles of organic components such as silanes, hydroxyls or alkaloids, or inorganic components such as silica or quartz. Preferably, a displacement fluid is injected through the well to displace the formation fluid, such as hydrocarbons, away from the well and further into the formation. Following the displacement fluid, the consolidation fluid is injected into the well. Curing and consolidation of the nanoparticles can be accelerated by injecting an aqueous ...

Reduced crystallinity polyethylene oxide with intercalated clay

Method of horizontally growing carbon nanotubes and field effect transistor using the carbon nanotubes grown by the method

Method of preparing functionalized graphene

Method of preparing functionalized graphene

Polymers containing diester units

Method of preparing functionalized graphene

NANO-INDIVIDUAL COMPOSITIONS IN FORM CELEBRATIONS DARREICHUNGEN

PHARMACEUTICAL CARRIER MATERIAL WITH MORE IMPROVE INJECT-BARNESS

FILMS OUT MULTILEVEL CARBON NANO-TUBES

HERSTELLUNG GLEICHFÖRMIGER NANOPARTIKEL AUS ULTRAHOCHREINEN METALLOXIDEN, MISCHMETALLOXIDEN, METALLEN UND METALLLEGIERUNGEN

KERN-MANTEL NANO-PARTICLE FOR (F) RET TEST PROCEDURE

PARTICLE ON POLYAMINOSÄURE (N) BASIS AS WELL AS THEIR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PENTOPYRANOSYL NUCLEOSIDS

PHARMACEUTICAL AUXILIARY MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED COMPRESSIBILITY

Multilayer carbon nanotube films

Liquid atomization methods and devices

Stabilized capillary microjet and devices and methods for producing same

STABILIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR USE

A process comprising: reacting a silver compound with a reducing agent comprising a hydrazine compound in the presence of a thermally removable stabilizer in a reaction mixture comprising the silver compound, the reducing agent, the stabilizer, and an optional solvent, to form a plurality of silver-containing nanoparticles with molecules of the stabilizer on the surface of the silver-containing nanoparticles.

FLOCS FOR FILTRATION AND DEIONIZATION PREPARED FROM CATIONIC AND ANIONIC EMULSION ION EXCHANGE RESINS

METHOD TO IMPROVE THE MORPHOLOGY OF CORE/SHELL QUANTUM DOTS FOR HIGHLY LUMINESCENT NANOSTRUCTURES

Highly luminescent nanostructures, particularly highly luminescent quantum dots, comprising a nanocrystal core are provided. Also provided are methods of increasing the sphericity of nanostructures comprising subjecting nanocrystal cores to an acid etch step, an annealing step, or a combination of an acid etch step and an annealing step.

SOLID DOSE NANOPARTICULATE COMPOSITIONS

Disclosed are solid dose nanoparticulate compositions comprising a poorly soluble active agent, at least one polymeric surface stabilizer, and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS). The solid dose compositions exhibit superior redispersibility of the nanoparticulate composition upon administration to a mammal, such as a human or animal. The invention also describes methods of making and using such compositions.

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR FABRICATING BORON NITRIDE NANOSTRUCTURES

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to boron nitride nanomaterials. In one aspect, a method includes generating a directed flow of plasma. A boron- containing species is introduced to the directed flow of the plasma. Boron nitride nanostructures are formed in a chamber. In another aspect, a method includes generating a directed flow of plasma using nitrogen gas. A boron-containing species is introduced to the directed flow of the plasma. The boron-containing species can consist of boron powder, boron nitride powder, and/or boron oxide powder. Boron nitride nanostructures are formed in a chamber, with a pressure in the chamber being about 3 atmospheres or greater.

Pharmaceutical Excipient Having Improved Compressibility

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SINGLE WALL NANOTUBES USING UNSUPPORTED METAL CATALYSTS AND SINGLE WALL NANOTUBES

A process for producing hollow, single-walled carbon nanotubes by catalytic decomposition of one or more gaseous carbon compounds by first forming a gas phase mixture of carbon feed stock gas comprising one or more gaseous carbon compounds, each having one to six carbon atoms and only H, O, N, S or Cl as hetero atoms, optionally admixed with hydrogen, and a gas phase metal containing compound which is unstable under reaction conditions for said decomposition, and which forms a metal containing catalyst which acts as a decomposition catalyst under reaction conditions; and then conducting said decomposition reaction under decomposition reaction conditions, thereby producing said nanotubes.

МАТЕРИАЛ ДЛЯ ЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ КОСТИ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Method for manufacturing metal nanoparticles

método para produzir nanopartículas de metal e nanopartículas obtidas desta maneira e uso das mesmas.

Preparation method of nano platinum

HYBRID POWDER OF HALLOYSITE NANOTUBE-LIGHT SCATTERING NANOPARTICLES, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, AND UV SCREENING COSMETIC COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAME AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT

The present invention relates to a hybrid powder of halloysite nanotube-light scattering nanoparticles, a preparation method thereof, and a UV screening cosmetic composition containing the same as an active ingredient. According to the present invention, the hybrid powder of halloysite nanotube-light scattering nanoparticles prevents the penetration of light scattering nanoparticles into the skin by loading light scattering nanoparticles inside a halloysite nanotube, thereby minimizing side effects and showing excellent UV screening effects. Therefore, the hybrid powder of halloysite nanotube-light scattering nanoparticles of the present invention can be useful in a UV screening cosmetic composition.

SYNTHESIS OF HIGHLY LUMINESCENT COLLOIDAL PARTICLES

The present invention includes compositions and methods for their use wherein the compositions include clusters of coated fluorescent nanocrystals having a select size formed by controlled aggregration of individual coated nanocrystals.

IN SITU PATTERNING OF ELECTROLYTE FOR MOLECULAR INFORMATION STORAGE DEVICES

This invention pertains to methods assembly of organic molecules and electrolytes in hybrid electronic. In one embodiment, a is provided that involves contacting a surface/electrode with a compound if formula: R-L2-M-L1-Z1 where Z1 is a surface attachment group; L1and L2 are independently linker or covalent bonds; M is an information storage molecule; and R is a protected or unprotected reactive site or group; where the contacting results in attachment of the redox-active moiety to the surface via the surface attachment group; and ii) contacting the surface-attached information storage molecule with an electrolyte having the formula: J-Q where J is a charged moiety (e.g., an electrolyte); and Q is a reactive group that is reactive with the reactive group (R) and attaches J to the information storage molecule thereby patterning the electrolyte on the surface.

IN SITU PATTERNING OF ELECTROLYTE FOR MOLECULAR INFORMATION STORAGE DEVICES

This invention pertains to methods assembly of organic molecules and electrolytes in hybrid electronic. In one embodiment, a is provided that involves contacting a surface/electrode with a compound if formula: R-L2-M-L1-Z1 where Z1 is a surface attachment group; L1and L2 are independently linker or covalent bonds; M is an information storage molecule; and R is a protected or unprotected reactive site or group; where the contacting results in attachment of the redox-active moiety to the surface via the surface attachment group; and ii) contacting the surface-attached information storage molecule with an electrolyte having the formula: J-Q where J is a charged moiety (e.g., an electrolyte); and Q is a reactive group that is reactive with the reactive group (R) and attaches J to the information storage molecule thereby patterning the electrolyte on the surface.

METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTION OF NANOTUBE MATRIX MATERIAL

A method of constructing nanotube matrix material in a controlled manner wherein, a nanotube fragment having at least two potential energy-binding surfaces including two distinct levels of binding potential energy of H-bonding and a second lower binding potential energy of covalent bonding, are used for binding corresponding nanotube fragments. The method comprises the steps of: (a) bringing a solution of nanotube fragments together; (b) heating the solution to a temperature to disrupt the H-bonding but insufficient to denature the covalent bonding; (c) agitating the solution and slowly reducing the temperature (annealing) to a temperature where the H-bondings are stable, producing an optimal configuration; (d) adding a reagent to the solution to cause ring closure; and (e) introducing a catalytic element for purification and dehydrogenation of the nanotube matrix material formed.

Method and chemical composition for reclaiming of cured elastomer materials

A method of reclaiming a cured elastomer material in the form of crumb or chips, comprising mixing the elastomer material with a devulcanization-aiding chemical composition and performing devulcanization by applying a shear-stress deformation while performing a mechanical disintegration into fine-ground crumbs under a controllable temperature not exceeding about 90 degrees C.

METHOD OF NON-CATALYTIC FORMATION AND GROWTH OF NANOWIRES

A method for the non-catalytic growth of nanowires is provided. The method includes a reaction chamber with the chamber having an inlet end, an exit end and capable of being heated to an elevated temperature. A carrier gas with a flow rate is allowed to enter the reaction chamber through the inlet end and exit the chamber through the exit end. Upon passing through the chamber the carrier gas comes into contact with a precursor which is heated within the reaction chamber. A collection substrate placed downstream from the precursor allows for the formation and growth of nanowires thereon without the use of a catalyst. A second embodiment of the present invention is comprised of a reaction chamber, a carrier gas, a precursor target, a laser beam and a collection substrate. The carrier gas with a flow rate and a gas pressure is allowed to enter the reaction chamber through an inlet end and exit the reaction chamber through the exit end. The laser beam is focused on the precursor target which ...

Complementary DNA and toxins

This invention relates to new derivatized solid supports and compounds having the formula: emical bond or a suitable inorganic or organic linker; Z may be -SO2- or -S-S-; R may be -OH, an H-phosphonate, an alkane-phosphonate, a phosphotriester, a phosphite triester, a phosphite diester, a phosphorothioate, a phosphorodithioate, a phosphoroamidate, a phosphoroamidite, -OR1, -SR1, a nucleotide, N, which may be substituted or modified in its sugar, phosphate or base, or an oligonucleotide of the formula -(N)g -R2, wherein N is as defined above which may be the same or different; g is an integer from one to two hundred; R1 is a suitable protecting group; and R2 may be an H-phosphonate, an alkane-phosphonate, a phosphotriester, a phosphite triester, a phosphite diester, a phosphorothioate, a phosphorodithioate, a phosphoroamidate, a phosphoroamidite, -OH, -OR1, -SR1, or -O-P(OCH2CH2CN)-O-CH2CH2ZCH2CH2OR1. Furthermore, this invention provides methods for preparing 3'-phosphate oligonucleotides ...

Continuous process for making nanoscale amorphous magnetic metals

Sononochemistry permits extremely rapid cooling to produce nanoscale particles. If magnetic, these particles are valuable for magnetic recording media, manufacture of permanent magnets, and other uses. In the present invention, we sonicate neat metal carbonyl to produce particles which we separate, generally magnetically, from the metal carbonyl, thereby making the production process as simple as possible and continuous.

Methods for Directed Irradiation Synthesis with Ion and Thermal Beams

A method for fabricating structures includes on a substrate includes providing the substrate having a substrate surface, and providing a set of control parameters to an ion beam source and to a thermal source corresponding to a desired structure topology. The method further includes using directed irradiation synthesis to cause self-organization of a plurality of structures comprising at least one of the group of nanostructures and microstructures in a first surface area of the substrate by exposing the substrate surface to an ion beam from the ion beam source and to thermal particles from the thermal source. The ion beam has a first area of effect on the substrate surface, and the thermal particles has a second area of effect on the substrate surface. Each of the first area of effect and the second area of effect including the first surface area.

Titanate and titania nanostructures and nanostructure assemblies, and methods of making same

The invention relates to nanomaterials and assemblies including, a micrometer-scale spherical aggregate comprising: a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures comprising titanium and oxygen, wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures radiate from a hollow central core thereby forming a spherical aggregate.

Single-step simple and economical process for the preparation of nanosized acicular magnetic iron oxide particles of maghemite phase

The present invention relates to a single-step simple and economical process for the preparation of nanosized acicular magnetic iron oxide particles of maghemite phase of size ranging between 300-350 nm in magnetic field at room temperature by biomimetic route, and a method of obtaining a magnetic memory storage device using the said particles.

Synthesis of silicon nanorods

A method for making silicon nanorods is provided. In accordance with the method, Au nanocrystals are reacted with a silane in a liquid medium to form nanorods, wherein each of said nanorods has an average diameter within the range of about 1.2 nm to about 10 nm and has a length within the range of about 1 nm to about 100 nm.

UPCONVERSION NANOPARTICLE, HYALURONIC ACID-UPCONVERSION NANOPARTICLE CONJUGATE, AND A PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF USING A CALCULATION FROM FIRST PRINCIPLES

An upconversion nanoparticle includes at least one host selected from LiYF4, NaY, NaYF4, NaGdF4, and CaF3, at least one sensitizer selected from Sm3+, Nd3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, and Yb3+ doped in the at least one host, and at least one activator selected from Er3+, Ho3+, Tm3+, and Eu3+ doped in the at least one host. The upconversion nanoparticle is designed using a calculation from first principles to absorb light in the near-infrared wavelength range whose stability is ensured. Further, a hyaluronic acid-upconversion nanoparticle conjugate, in which the upconversion nanoparticle as described above is bonded to hyaluronic acid, is provided to be used in various internal sites with a hyaluronic acid receptor, particularly enables targeting, and increases an internal retention period and biocompatibility thereof.

Process for preparing a pentopyranosyl nucleic acid conjugate

The invention relates to a process for preparing a conjugate that includes a pentopyranosyl nucleic acid and a biomolecule. The process includes the steps of providing a pentopyranosyl nucleic acid having at least two pentopyranosyl nucleotide subunits that are covalently linked between carbon 4 and carbon 2 of their respective pentopyranosyl rings. The pentopyranosyl nucleic acid also has an electrophilic reactive group. A biomolecule having a nucleophilic reactive group is also provided. The electrophilic reactive group of the pentopyranosyl nucleic acid and the nucleophilic reactive group of the biomolecule are reacted to form a covalent bond.

Methodology for electrically induced selective breakdown of nanotubes

A method is provided for forming a device. The method provides a substrate, and provides a plurality of nanotubes in contact with the substrate. The method comprises depositing metal contacts on the substrate, wherein the metal contacts are in contact with a portion of at least one nanotube. The method further comprises selectively breaking the at least one nanotube using an electrical current, removing the metal contacts, cleaning a remaining nanotube, and depositing a first metal contact in contact with a first end of the nanotube and a second metal contact in contact with a second end of the nanotube.

Methods and materials for stimulating proliferation of stem cells

Disclosed herein are methods and materials for influencing proliferation of stem cells. Specifically exemplified herein are compositions comprising cerium oxide nanoparticles which can be used to stimulate proliferation of stem cells under common culture conditions, or which can be utilized to improve therapeutic outcomes.

СЕГМЕНТИРОВАННЫЕ ГРАФЕНОВЫЕ НАНОЛЕНТЫ

... 1. Сегментированная графеновая нанолента, содержащая по меньшей мере два различных графеновых сегмента, ковалентно связанных друг с другом, где каждый графеновый сегмент имеет монодисперсную ширину сегмента, где ширина сегмента по меньшей мере одного из указанных графеновых сегментов составляет 4 нм или менее.2. Сегментированная графеновая нанолента по п. 1, где каждый графеновый сегмент сегментированной графеновой наноленты имеет монодисперсную ширину сегмента 4 нм или менее.3. Сегментированная графеновая нанолента по п. 1, где каждый графеновый сегмент имеет повторяющиеся единицы, которые получают из по меньшей мере одного замещенного или незамещенного полициклического ароматического мономерного соединения, более предпочтительно по меньшей мере одного замещенного или незамещенного полициклического ароматического углеводородного мономерного соединения и/или из по меньшей мере одного замещенного или незамещенного олигофениленового ароматического углеводородного мономерного соединения.4.

PARTIKEL AUF POLYAMINOSÄURE(N)BASIS SOWIE DEREN HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN

METHOD OF PRODUCING ULTRAFINE PARTICLES OF GRAPHITE FLUORIDE

Method for consolidation of sand formations using nanoparticles

NANO-CAPS ON BASIS OF POLY (ALKYLENE ADIPATE), YOUR PROCEDURES, AND THESE CONTAINING COSMETIC OR DERMATOLOGI COMPOSITIONS

PENTOPYRANOSYL NUCLEOSID, ITS PRODUCTION AND USE

LUMINESZENTE NUCLEAR COAT NANO-PARTICLE

IMMUNOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE BETA AMYLOID OF CONTENT IN VIVO

METHOD FOR THE ELECTRICALLY INDUCED BREAK-THROUGH OF NANO-STRUCTURES

PHARMACEUTICAL CARRIER MATERIAL WITH MORE IMPROVE INJECT-BARNESS

KONINUIERLICHES PROCEDURE FOR THE PURIFYING CUTTING OF DRUGS

POWDER-PAINTED HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES WITH A EPOXYSILANBASIERTEN SURFACE LAYER

Preparation of nanoparticle materials

Pharmaceutical excipient having improved compressibility

Particles based on polyamino-acid(s) and methods for preparing same

Catalyst system for producing carbon fibrils

Silica composite particles and method of preparing the same

Silica composite particles include silicon oxide and titanium in an amount of from 0.001% by weight to 10% by weight, wherein the silica composite particles have an average particle diameter of from 30 nm to 500 nm, a particle size distribution index of from 1.1 to 1.5, and an average degree of circularity of primary particles of from 0.5 to 0.85.

Elongated titanate nanotube, its synthesis method, and its use

The invention relates to a method of forming high aspect ratio titanate nanotubes. In particular, the formation of elongated nanotubes having lengths more than 10 ...

RADIAL PULSED ARC DISCHARGE GUN FOR SYNTHESIZING NANOPOWDERS

A system and method for synthesizing nanopowder which provides for precursor material ablation from two opposing electrodes that are substantially axially aligned and spaced apart within a gaseous atmosphere, where a plasma is created by a high power pulsed electrical discharge between the electrodes, such pulse being of short duration to inertially confine the plasma, thereby creating a high temperature and high density plasma having high quench and/or reaction rates with the gaseous atmosphere for improved nanopowder synthesis.

FLOCS FOR FILTRATION AND DEIONIZATION PREPARED FROM CATIONIC AND ANIONIC EMULSION ION EXCHANGE RESINS

Flocus prepared by mixing cationic and anionic emulsion ion exchange resins are useful as a filtration and deicaization medium. Flocus prepared from weakly acidic and weakly basic emulsion ion exchange resins may be regenerated thermally.

METHOD FOR THE DIRECT CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS IN GASEOUS PHASE

The present invention relates to a method for the oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons in gaseous phase, wherein said oxidation is carried out in the presence of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture on a catalyst coated with gold particles. This method comprises using a calcined catalyst which is produced from a titanium oxide hydrate optionally containing sulphate, said catalyst being coated with nanometrical gold particles. This method is preferably used for epoxidising ethene, propene or butene. This invention further relates to a catalyst for oxidising the above-mentioned unsaturated hydrocarbons.

PLASMONIC ASSISTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR INTERIOR ENERGY-ACTIVATION FROM AN EXTERIOR SOURCE

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of the plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

CONTINUOUS METHOD OF GRINDING PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES

A continuous method of preparing submicron particles of a therapeutic or dia gnostic agent comprises the steps of continuously introducing the agent and rigid grinding media into a milling chamber, conta cting the agent with the grinding media while in the cha mber to reduce the particle sire of the agent, continuously removing the agent an d the grinding media from the milling chamber, and there after separating the agent from the grinding media. In a preferred embodiment, the grinding media is a polymeric resin having a mean parti cle size of less than 300 .mu.m. In another preferred embodiment, the agent, gri nding media and a liquid dispersion medium are continuou sly introduced into the milling chamber. In a further embodiment, the agent and grinding media are recirculated through the milling cham ber. The method enables the use of the grinding media, e.g., of a particle size o f less than about 300 .mu.m, in a continuous grinding pr ocess which provides extremely fine particles of ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A PENTOPYRANOSYLNUCLEOSIDE

The invention relates to a pentopyranosyl nucleoside of formula (I) or of formula (II), to the production of said pentopyranosyl nucleoside, and to its use for producing a therapeutic agent, a diagnostic agent, and/or an electronic component.

NANOCAPSULES BASED ON POLYALKYLENE ADIPATE, THE PROCESS OF PREPARING THEM, AND COSMETIC OR DERMATOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS CONTAINING THEM

La présente invention concerne des nanocapsules constituées - d'un coeur lipidique formant ou contenant un principe actif lipophile et - d'une enveloppe continue insoluble dans l'eau comprenant au moins un polyester de type poly(alkylène adipate), ainsi que des compositions cosmétiques et/ou dermatologiques contenant lesdites nanocapsules à base de poly(alkylène adipate).

A process for the preparation of silver nano particles

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of silver nano particles comprising dissolving a surfactant in ethanol to obtain a first solution; dissolving a silver precursor in water to obtain a second solution; adding the second solution to the first solution to obtain a third solution; dissolving a reducing agent in water to obtain a reducing agent solution and adding the reducing agent solution to the third solution to obtain silver nano particles.

Manufacturing methods of mesoporous carbon structure with spray drying or spray pyrolysis and composition thereof

Disclosed is a method for preparing a porous carbon structure, the method comprising the steps of: (a) mixing a carbon precursor, a pyrolytic template, which is pyrolyzed at the carbonization temperature of the carbon precursor or removed by post-treatment after the carbonization of the carbon precursor so as to form pores, and a solvent, to prepare a spray solution; and (b) subjecting the spray solution either to spray pyrolysis or to spray drying and then spray pyrolysis, so as to form a carbonized carbon structure, and then removing the template from the carbon structure. A mesoporous spherical carbon prepared according to the disclosed method may have a large specific surface area and a large pore volume through the control of the kind and concentration of template, and thus can be used in a wide range of applications, including catalysts, adsorbents, electrode materials, materials for separation and purification, and materials for storing hydrogen and drugs.

Functionalized particles and use thereof

The invention relates to functionalized particles, methods for the production of such functionalized particles, the use of the functionalized particles for producing coating agents, and the use thereof for coating objects.

Synthesis, capping and dispersion of nanocrystals

Metal nanorods method of manufacturing and use thereof

Plasmonic assisted systems and methods for interior energy-activation from an exterior source

From the organic high molecular material preparation of carbon powder method and detecting organic high molecular material in the crystalline form of the method of

NANOCAPSULES CONTAINING POLY (ALKYLENE ADIPATE), THEIR METHOD OF COSMETIC OR DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATION ETCOMPOSITIONS THE CONTAINER

PROCESS OF PRODUCTION OF GRAPHITE ULTRAFINE FLUORIDE PARTICLES

Polyamino acid-based particles capable of delivering active material for pharmaceutical, nutritional, phytosanitary or cosmetic purposes

La présente invention concerne des particules de vectorisation (PV) de principes actifs (PA) du type de celles à base de polyaminoacides (PAA) amphiphiles, linéaires, à enchaînements α-peptidiques; aptes à se former spontanément par mise en contact des PAA avec un milieu liquide, de préférence avec de l'eau, dans lequel la partie hydrophile des PAA se solubilise plus que la partie hydrophobe desdits PAA, de manière que ces derniers précipitent en s'organisant en arrangements supra-moléculaires discrets; de taille moyenne comprise entre 0, 01 et 20 µm; et aptes à s'associer avec au moins un PA et à relarguer celui-ci in vivo, de manière prolongée et contrôlée. La suspension selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce que les aminoacides récurrents (AAr) constitutifs de la chaîne principale des PAA sont identiques ou différents entre eux et sont l'acide glutamique et/ ou l'acide aspartique et/ ou leurs sels; et en ce que certains de ces AAr sont porteurs chacun d'au moins un groupement R0 hydrophobe ...

FORMING NANOPARTICLES ANTIMONIDES FROM THE ANTIMONY TRIHYDRIDE AS ANTIMONY SOURCE.

PREPARATION OF METAL DIBORIDE POWDERS

METHOD FOR PREPARING NANOPARTICLES BORON

Producing method for nano-size ultra fine Titanium Dioxide by the chemical reaction using flame

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING ORGANIC NANOTUBE AND METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING ULTRATHIN NANOWIRE USING THE NANOTUBE AS MOLD

PURPOSE: Provided are a method for synthesizing an organic nanotube and a method for synthesizing an ultrathin nanowire using the produced nanotube as a mold which is performed in a solution at room temperature and room pressure. CONSTITUTION: The method for synthesizing an organic nanotube includes dissolving calix(4)hydroquinone(CHQ) in an aqueous acetone solution, removing acetone at a temperature of 0 to 10 deg.C by vaporization to crystallize CHQ. The aqueous acetone solution contains cesium sulfate(Cs2SO4) as a crystallization promoter. The nanotube produced from this method has a needle-like crystal form. The method for synthesizing an ultrathin nanowire using the nanotube includes adding the CHQ organic nanotube produced from the above method in an aqueous solution containing a metal salt and subjecting the nanotube to a reduction reaction so that metal ions are inserted into the nanotube. The metal salt has a oxidization potential of 0.7V or more and the metal is one selected from ...

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING METAL NANO-PARTICLES CONSECUTIVELY SUPPLYING A PRECURSOR SOLUTION THROUGH A PREHEATING STEP

PURPOSE: A metal nanoparticle-manufacturing device is provided to mass-synthesize consecutively uniform metal nanoparticles in a short time by consecutively supplying a precursor solution through a preheating step. CONSTITUTION: A precursor supply part(10) supplies a precursor solution of metal nanoparticles. The first heating portion(20) is connected to the precursor supply part, comprises a reactor channel of which a diameter is 1-50 mm and is preheated to a temperature range that a particle creation does not occur. The second heating portion(30) is connected to the first heating portion, comprises a reactor channel of which a diameter is 1-50 mm and is preheated to a temperature range that a particle creation occurs. A cooling part(40) is connected to the second heating portion and cools it by collecting the metal nanoparticles generated in the second heating portion. © KIPO 2009 ...

BASIC ZINC CYANURATE FINE PARTICLES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

PREPARATION METHOD OF NANO-SIZED ULTRAFINE TITANIUM OXIDE POWDERS BY VAPOR PHASE OXIDATION USING FLAME

PURPOSE: A preparation method of nano-sized TiO2 powders by vapor phase oxidation using flame which is characterized by using a five-tube flame reactor for inflow of large quantity of reactant, TiCl4 and gases. Thereby, the method raises the productivity of ultrafine TiO2 powers. CONSTITUTION: Nano-sized(less than 50nm) TiO2 powders are prepared by flowing TiCl4 vapor, Ar, H2, O2 and air into a flame reactor with five tubes, burner(20), at the same time, and flaming over 1000deg.C. The initial concentration of vaporized TiCl4 is 1.13x10^-5 - 4.54x10^-5(mol/l), and TiCl4 vapor, Ar, O2, H2 and air are flowed into a first(14), second(15), third(16), forth(17) and fifth(18) tube, respectively, where the gas flow rate of each tube is 2, 6, 7, 17 and 68(v/v ppm) in a volume fraction. The TiO2 powders are used for photocatalyst, pigment, cosmetics and coater. © KIPO 2002 ...

Clustered nanocrystal networks and nanocrystal composites

HIGH ASPECT RATIO TEMPLATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Millimeter to nano-scale structures manufactured using a multi-component polymer fiber matrix are disclosed. The use of dissimilar polymers allows the selective dissolution of the polymers at various stages of the manufacturing process. In one application, biocompatible matrixes may be formed with long pore length and small pore size. The manufacturing process begins with a first polymer fiber arranged in a matrix formed by a second polymer fiber. End caps may be attached to provide structural support and the polymer fiber matrix selectively dissolved away leaving only the long polymer fibers. These may be exposed to another product, such as a biocompatible gel to form a biocompatible matrix. The polymer fibers may then be selectively dissolved leaving only a biocompatible gel scaffold with the pores formed by the dissolved polymer fibers.

MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN NANOSTRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME

The present invention provides molybdenum and tungsten nanostructures, for example, nanosheets and nanoparticles, and methods of making and using same, including using such nanostructures as catlysts for hydrogen evolution reactions.

Catalyst system for producing carbon fibrils

A catalyst system and method for making carbon fibrils is provided which comprises a catalytic amount of an inorganic catalyst comprising nickel and one of the following substances selected from the group consisting of chromium; chromium and iron; chromium and molybdenum; chromium, molybdenum, and iron; aluminum; yttrium and iron; yttrium, iron and aluminum; zinc; copper; yttrium; yttrium and chromium; and yttrium, chromium and zinc. In a further aspect of the invention, a catalyst system and method is provided for making carbon fibrils which comprises a catalytic amount of an inorganic catalyst comprising cobalt and one of the following substances selected from the group consisting of chromium; aluminum; zinc; copper; copper and zinc; copper, zinc, and chromium; copper and iron; copper, iron, and aluminum; copper and nickel; and yttrium, nickel and copper.

Magnetic-core polymer-shell nanocomposites with tunable magneto-optical and/or optical properties

Methods are disclosed for synthesizing nanocomposite materials including ferromagnetic nanoparticles with polymer shells formed by controlled surface polymerization. The polymer shells prevent the nanoparticles from forming agglomerates and preserve the size dispersion of the nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particles can be further networked in suitable polymer hosts to tune mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of the final composite polymer system. An exemplary method includes forming a polymer shell on a nanoparticle surface by adding molecules of at least one monomer and optionally of at least one tethering agent to the nanoparticles, and then exposing to electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength selected to induce bonding between the nanoparticle and the molecules, to form a polymer shell bonded to the particle and optionally to a polymer host matrix. The nanocomposite materials can be used in various magneto-optic applications.

Method of preparing functionalized graphene

A method of preparing functionalized graphene, comprises treating graphene with an alkali metal in the presence of an electron transfer agent and coordinating solvent, and adding a functionalizing compound. The method further includes quenching unreacted alkali metal by addition of a protic medium, and isolating the functionalized graphene.

CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING PARAXYLENE USING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a novel catalyst which has a molecular sieving effect (or shape selectivity) and has excellent catalytic activity, and particularly to a catalyst which includes a core made of a zeolite particle having a particle size of not more than 10 μm and a zeolite layer covering the core, wherein as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, an outermost surface of the catalyst has a silica/alumina molar ratio of not less than 800, the core made of the zeolite particle has an average silica/alumina molar ratio of not more than 300, and the zeolite layer has an aluminum concentration increasing inward from an outer surface of the catalyst. 1. A catalyst comprising: a core made of a zeolite particle having a particle size of not more than 10 μm; and a zeolite layer covering the core , wherein as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy , an outermost surface of the catalyst has a silica/alumina molar ratio of not less than 800 , the core made of the zeolite particle has an average silica/alumina molar ratio of not more than 300 , and the zeolite layer has an aluminum concentration increasing inward from an outer surface of the catalyst.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the zeolite layer covering the core is not less than 10 nm but not more than 1 μm.3. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite particle as the core and the zeolite layer covering the core have an MFI structure claim 1 , and the zeolite layer is epitaxial to the zeolite particle as the core.4. A method for producing a catalyst claim 1 , wherein a zeolite particle containing aluminum and having a particle size of not more than 10 μm is provided as a core and subjected to hydrothermal synthesis using a silica source claim 1 , an aluminum source and a structure directing agent so that a zeolite layer having the same crystalline structure as the zeolite particle is precipitated on an outer surface of the zeolite particle as the core ...

HALOGEN SILICATE LUMINESCENT MATERIAL AND THE PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Disclosed is a halogen silicate luminescent material having a chemical structural formula of (NEuMn)SiOCl:xM, and the preparation method thereof, where M is at least one of Ag, Au, Pt and Pd, N is an alkaline earth metal and specifically at least one of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, 0 Подробнее

Hybrid powder of halloysite nanotube and light-scattering nanoparticle, method for preparing the same, and uvscreening cosmetic composition containing the same as active ingredient

The present invention provides a hybrid powder of halloysite nanotubes and light-scattering nanoparticles, a method for preparing the same, and a UV-screening cosmetic composition containing the same as an active ingredient. The hybrid powder of halloysite nanotubes and light-scattering nanoparticles according to the present invention, in which the light-scattering nanoparticles are loaded into the halloysite nanotubes, can prevent the light-scattering nanoparticles from penetrating the skin, which minimizes side effects, and has excellent UV-screening effect. Thus, the hybrid powder of halloysite nanotubes and light-scattering nanoparticles according to the present invention can be effectively used as a UV-screening cosmetic composition.

STRONTIUM CERATE LUMINESCENT MATERIAL AND THE PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

Disclosed is a strontium cerate luminescent material having a chemical formula of SrCeO:xM and comprising the luminescent material SrCeOand metal nanoparticle M, and the preparation method thereof, where M is at least one of Ag, Au, Pt and Pd, and x is a molar ratio of M to the luminescent material SrCeOand Подробнее

METHOD OF MAKING NANOMATERIAL AND METHOD OF FABRICATING SECONDARY BATTERY USING THE SAME

Disclosed are a method of making a nanomaterial and a method of fabricating a lithium secondary battery using the same. The method of making a nanomaterial includes preparing a mixed solution including a metal salt aqueous solution and an alkylamine, and hydrothermally treating the mixed solution. 1. A method of making a nanomaterial comprising:preparing a mixed solution comprising a metal salt aqueous solution and an alkylamine; andhydrothermally treating the mixed solution.2. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 1 , wherein the metal salt comprises a chloride claim 1 , a sulfate claim 1 , a nitrate claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 1 , wherein the metal salt comprises a copper salt claim 1 , a nickel salt claim 1 , a lead salt claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 3 , wherein the metal salt comprises copper chloride (CuCl) claim 3 , copper sulfate (CuSO) claim 3 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 1 , wherein the metal salt and the alkylamine in the mixed solution are present in a mole ratio of about 3:1 to about 15:1.6. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 1 , wherein the alkylamine comprises a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 claim 1 , a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 claim 1 , or a combination thereof:{'br': None, 'sub': 3', '2', 'm', '2, 'CH(CH)NH\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2', 'n', '2, 'NH(CH)NH\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 2]'}wherein, in the above Chemical Formula 1, m is an integer ranging from 7 to 20, and in the above Chemical Formula 2, n is an integer ranging from 4 to 20.7. The method of making a nanomaterial of claim 6 , wherein the alkylamine comprises decylamine claim 6 , dodecylamine claim 6 , tetradecylamine claim 6 , hexadecylamine claim 6 , octadecylamine claim 6 , or a combination thereof.8. The method of making a ...

METHOD OF PREPARING A TiO2 NANOSTRUCTURE

The present invention discloses a method preparing a TiOnanostructure comprising: mixing an organic acid and an aminoalcohol to form an ionic liquid; heating the ionic liquid with titanium ions and lithium ions to form a layered structure; and annealing the mixture to form the TiOnanostructure. There is also provided uses of the prepared nanostructure. 1. A method of preparing a TiOnanostructure comprising:(a) mixing an organic acid and an aminoalcohol to form an ionic liquid;(b) heating the ionic liquid together with titanium ions and lithium ions to form a layered structure; and{'sub': '2', '(c) annealing the layered structure to form the TiOnanostructure.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the TiOnanostructure comprises a plurality of layers of TiOnanosheets.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the thickness of each layer of TiOnanosheet is about 0.4-1.0 nm.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the organic acid is a carboxylic acid.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of: methanoic acid claim 4 , ethanoic acid claim 4 , propanoic acid claim 4 , butanoic acid claim 4 , pentanoic acid claim 4 , and a combination thereof.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aminoalcohol is a N-alkylated aminoalcohol.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the N-alkylated aminoalcohol is N claim 6 ,N-dimethylethanolamine claim 6 , N claim 6 ,N-diethylethanolamine claim 6 , or a combination thereof.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the titanium ions are from a titanium source selected from the group consisting of: tetrabutyl titanate claim 1 , titanium isopropoxide claim 1 , titanium ethoxide claim 1 , and a combination thereof.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium ions are from a lithium source selected from the group consisting of: lithium acetate claim 1 , lithium chloride claim 1 , lithium methoxide claim 1 , lithium ethoxide claim 1 , lithium ...

NANOFIBERS OF METAL OXIDE AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR

The invention discloses a production method for nanofibers of metal oxide, wherein the metal oxide is a metal oxide of at least one metal selected from Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb, Zr, Sr, Ba, Mn, Fe, Co, Mg and Ga, comprising: 1. A production method for nanofibers of metal oxide , wherein the metal oxide is a metal oxide of at least one metal selected from Sc , Y , La , Ce , Pr , Nd , Sm , Gd , Dy , Ho , Yb , Zr , Sr , Ba , Mn , Fe , Co , Mg and Ga , comprising:a) spinning a precursor containing a salt of the metal, to produce nanofibers of the precursor containing the salt of the metal; andb) calcining the nanofibers of the precursor containing the salt of the metal at a temperature ranging from 550° C. to 650° C. for 2 to 4 h, to obtain nanofibers of metal oxide containing the at least one metal element.2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is a metal oxide of at least one metal selected from Sc claim 1 , Y claim 1 , La claim 1 , Ce claim 1 , Pr claim 1 , Nd claim 1 , Sm claim 1 , and Gd.3. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the precursor contains a macromolecular compound.4. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the nanofibers of the precursor containing the salt of the metal are prepared by electrospinning or liquid phase spinning method.5. Nanofibers of metal oxide claim 1 , where the metal oxide is a metal oxide containing at least one metal element selected from Sc claim 1 , Y claim 1 , La claim 1 , Ce claim 1 , Pr claim 1 , Nd claim 1 , Sm claim 1 , Gd claim 1 , Dy claim 1 , Ho claim 1 , Yb claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Sr claim 1 , Ba claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Mg and Ga claim 1 , wherein the average diameter of the nanofibers ranges from 20 to 1000 nm claim 1 , and the average grain size of the crystals in the nanofibers ranges from 2 to 20 nm.6. A solid electrolyte material claim 5 , which contains the nanofibers of metal oxide according to .7. A fuel cell ...

SYNTHESIS AND USE OF IRON OLEATE

The present invention relates to a method of forming an iron oleate complex comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving an oleate in a low-order alcohol solvent at a temperature of about 35° C. to 65° C.; (b) adding a non-polar solvent to the solution of step (a); (c) adding an iron salt dissolved in a low-order alcohol to the solution of step (b); (d) agitating the solution of step (c) at a temperature of about 50° C. for at least 5 min; (e) cooling the reaction mixture of step (d) to a temperature of about 15° C. to 30° C.; (f) optionally filtering the reaction mixture of step (e); (g) separating the non-polar solvent phase from the low-order alcohol phase; (h) washing and drying the non-polar solvent phase; (i) removing volatiles from the non-polar solvent phase of step (h) by evaporation; and (j) mixing the product of step (i) with a polar solvent to yield a solid iron oleate complex. The present invention further relates to an iron oleate complex obtainable by the method of the invention, an iron oleate complex of formula I, the use of the iron oleate complex of the invention as precursor for the preparation of nanoparticles, and a method of forming iron oxide nanoparticles comprising the suspension of iron oxide/hydroxide and the iron oleate complex of the invention. 1. A method of forming an iron oleate complex comprising the steps of:(a) dissolving an oleate in a low-order alcohol solvent selected from the group of methanol butanol, glycol, acetone, ethyleneglycol, 2-aminoethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide at a temperature of about 35° C. to 65° C.;(b) adding a non-polar alkane solvent to the solution of step (a);(c) adding an iron salt dissolved in said low-order alcohol solvent to the solution of step (b);(d) agitating the solution of step (c) at a temperature of about 50° C. for at least 5 min;(e) cooling the reaction mixture of step (d) to a temperature of about 15° C. to 30° C.;(f) optionally filtering the reaction mixture of ...

SYNTHESIS OF ULTRASMALL METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

The invention generally relates to the ultrasmall MOnanoparticles that are made in a solvothermal method using water soluble inorganic ammonium salt precursors of the MOand organic amines, and slow heating to generate uniform ultrasmall MOnanoparticles of 5 nm or less, as well as methods to make and use same. 1. A method of making ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles , comprising;a) placing water soluble, inorganic ammonium oxometalate precursor in a reactor;b) adding an excess of amine surfactant to said reactor,c) optionally adding diols or amine oxides to said reactor;d) heating the reactor until the ammonium oxometalate precursor structure collapses and the nucleation stage generates ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles of average size≦5 nm.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles have about 20-50 metal atoms per nanoparticle.3. The method of wherein the ammonium oxometalate precursor is selected from the group consisting of ammonium metatungstate claim 1 , ammonium paratungstate claim 1 , phosphotungstic acid hydrate claim 1 , ammonium metamolybdate tetrahydrate claim 1 , ammonium metavanadate claim 1 , ammonium pentaborate octahydrate claim 1 , ammonium hexachloroosmate(IV) claim 1 , ammonium chromate claim 1 , ammonium perrhenate claim 1 , ammonium dihydrogenphosphate claim 1 , ammonium phosphomolybdate hydrate claim 1 , ammonium hexachloroiridate(IV) claim 1 , ammonium tetrathiomolybdate claim 1 , ammonium hexachloropalladate(IV) claim 1 , ammonium hexachlororhodate(III) claim 1 , and ammonium dichromate.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is WO claim 1 , MoO claim 1 , VOor a doped variation of WO claim 1 , MoO claim 1 , and VO.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine surfactant is oleylamine.6. A method of making ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles claim 1 , comprising;a) placing 1 part of water soluble, inorganic ammonium oxometalate precursor, which is fully oxidized and has structural stability up to ...

Processing for preparation of Boron Nanoparticles

The invention relates to a method for providing boron nanoparticles, characterised in that it comprises at least the following steps: synthesising a boron/lithium LiB intermetallic compound by reacting a mixture of boron and lithium in a reactor, preferably under a vacuum and temperature of 650° C.; transferring and hydrolysing the boron/lithium intermetallic compound in order to produce boron nanoparticles, by immersion in a bath containing water at ambient temperature, under a neutral gas atmosphere such as argon; and separating the boron nanoparticles, especially by tangential filtration, from the other compounds produced by the hydrolysis reaction. The invention also relates to the use of boron nanoparticles. 1. A process for preparation of boron nanoparticles , comprising at least the following steps:a-1) synthesis of an intermetallic boron/lithium compound LiB by reaction of a mixture of boron and lithium in a reactor, preferably under vacuum and under heating of the order of 650° C.; anda-2) transfer and hydrolysis of the intermetallic boron/lithium compound for making boron nanoparticles by immersion in a bath containing water at ambient temperature under atmosphere of neutral gas such as argon; anda-3) separation of the boron nanoparticles, especially by filtration and/or centrifugation with the other compounds originating from the hydrolysis reaction.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:in step a-1) the proportion of boron in the boron/lithium mixture introduced into said reactor is between 39% and 50%.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:in step a-2) neutral gas, preferably argon, is bubbled in the hydrolysis bath.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step a-1) claim 1 , the hydrolysis bath is subjected to ultrasound.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step a-2) said bath contains water and a preferably anionic dispersant in a concentration appropriate for limiting growth of the nanoparticles.6. The process as ...

COMPOSITE OF ORGANIC COMPOUND AND COPPER NANOPARTICLES, COMPOSITE OF ORGANIC COMPOUND AND COPPER(I) OXIDE NANOPARTICLES, AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING THE COMPOSITES

Provided is a composite including copper nanoparticles or copper(I) oxide nanoparticles and a thioether-containing organic compound represented by X(OCHCHR)OCHCH(OH)CHSZ [X represents an alkyl group; Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; n represents an integer of 2 to 100; Ris independent between repeating units and may be the same or different; and Z represents an alkyl group, an allyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, —R—OH, —R—NHR, or —R—(COR)(where Rrepresents a saturated hydrocarbon group; Rrepresents a hydrogen atom, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or a benzyloxycarbonyl group; Rrepresents a hydroxy group, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; and m represents 1 to 3)]. Provided is a method for producing a composite of an organic compound and copper nanoparticles or a composite of an organic compound and copper(I) oxide nanoparticles, the method including reducing a copper compound in the presence of a thioether-containing organic compound represented by the general formula (1) above. 110-. (canceled)11. A composite of an organic compound and copper nanoparticles , the composite comprising a thioether-containing organic compound (A) represented by a general formula (1) below and copper nanoparticles (B){'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'n', '2', '2, 'sup': '1', 'X—(OCHCHR)—O—CH—CH(OH)—CH—S—Z\u2003\u2003(1)'}{'sub': 1', '8', '2', '12', 'm', '1', '4', '2', '4', '2', '4', '1', '4', '1', '8', '1', '4', '1', '8, 'sup': 1', '1', '2', '2', '3', '2', '4', '2', '3', '4, '[in the formula (1), X represents a Cto Calkyl group; Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; n represents a repeating number, an integer of 2 to 100; Ris independent between repeating units and may be the same or different; and Z represents a Cto Calkyl group, an allyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, —R—OH, —R—NHR, or —R—(COR)(where Rrepresents a Cto Csaturated hydrocarbon group; Rrepresents a hydrogen atom, a Cto Cacyl group, a Cto Calkoxycarbonyl group, or a ...

METHOD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR RECLAIMING OF CURED ELASTOMER MATERIALS

Reclaiming cured elastomer material by mixing the cured elastomer as crumbs or chips with a devulcanization-aiding chemical composition, and devulcanizing the cured material by applying a shear-stress deformation to the mixture of the crumbs or chips with a devulcanization-aiding chemical while performing a mechanical disintegration of the cured elastomer into fine-ground crumbs under controllable temperature not exceeding about 90 degrees C., where the chemical composition includes a first agent promoting scission of sulfide bonds of free radicals formed under the shear-stress deformation, which is selected from amines and sulfides and their derivatives, a second agent providing the pre-set acidity during the process inhibiting recombination of sulfide bonds, which is selected from organic acids and their anhydrides, a third agent contributing to fast stabilization of the free radicals, which is selected from oxidants, and a fourth agent promoting redox reaction, which is selected from oxides of metals with variable valence. 1. A method of reclaiming of a cured elastomer material , comprising the steps of:a) mixing said cured elastomer in form of crumbs or chips with a devulcanization-aiding chemical composition, andb) devulcanizing said cured material by applying a shear-stress deformation to said mixture of the crumbs or chips with a devulcanization-aiding chemical while performing a mechanical disintegration of the cured elastomer into fine-ground crumbs under controllable temperature not exceeding about 90 degrees C.; first agent promoting scission of sulfide bonds of free radicals formed under said shear-stress deformation, which is selected from the following classes: of amines and sulfides and their derivatives;', 'second agent providing the pre-set acidity in the course of the process and thus inhibiting recombination of sulfide bonds, which is selected from the following classes: organic acids and their anhydrides;', 'third agent contributing to fast ...

Functionalized Particles and Use Thereof

A method of making a powder coating composition includes obtaining functionalized particles by reacting inorganic particles with alkoxysilanes having the general structural formula (I) RSi(OR), silane oligomers having the general structural formula (II) (R)(OR)Si-O-[-Si(R)(OR)-O-]-Si(R)(OR)or mixtures thereof. 2. The powder coating composition as claimed in claim 1 , which comprises functionalized particles obtainable by a method which comprises subjecting the reaction mixture obtained after the reaction to drying.3. The powder coating composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein titanium dioxide particles or barium sulfate particles are used as inorganic particles.4. The powder coating composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising:a. 20% to 80% by weight of binder,b. 5% to 60% by weight of inorganic pigment or mineral filler,c. 5% to 60% by weight of functionalized inorganic particles,d. 0.1% to 10.0% by weight of additive, selected from flow, leveling, and deaerating additives or mixtures thereof, with all of the ingredients together making 100% by weight.5. The powder coating composition according to claim 4 , where the functionalized pigment and/or the filler is present in an amount of 10% to 50% by weight claim 4 , preferably 30% to 40% by weight.6. (canceled)7. An article powder coated with the coating composition according to .89-. (canceled)11. A method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein Ris a nonhydrolyzable claim 10 , aliphatic claim 10 , straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.12. A method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein Ris a nonhydrolyzable claim 10 , aliphatic claim 10 , straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon radical having at least one terminal claim 10 , functional group which is able to enter into an addition reaction or condensation reaction.13. A method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein Ris a nonhydrolyzable claim 10 , aliphatic claim 10 , straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon radical having at ...

Doped Nanoparticles and Methods of Making and Using Same

Doped nanoparticles, methods of making such nanoparticles, and uses of such nanoparticles. The nanoparticles exhibit a metal-insulator phase transition at a temperature of −200° C. to 350° C. The nanoparticles have a broad range of sizes and various morphologies. The nanoparticles can be used in coatings and in device structures.

Titanate and titania nanostructures and nanostructure assemblies, and methods of making same

The invention relates to nanomaterials and assemblies including, a micrometer-scale spherical aggregate comprising: a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures comprising titanium and oxygen, wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures radiate from a hollow central core thereby forming a spherical aggregate. 1. A micrometer-scale spherical aggregate comprising:a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures comprising titanium and oxygen,wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures radiate from a hollow central core thereby forming a spherical aggregate.2. The aggregate of wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures comprise alkali metal hydrogen titanate.3. The aggregate of wherein the alkali metal hydrogen titanate is lithium hydrogen titanate claim 2 , sodium hydrogen titanate claim 2 , potassium hydrogen titanate claim 2 , rubidium hydrogen titanate claim 2 , cesium hydrogen titanate claim 2 , or combinations thereof.4. The aggregate of wherein the alkali metal hydrogen titanate is potassium hydrogen titanate or sodium hydrogen titanate.5. The aggregate of wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures comprise hydrogen titanate.6. The aggregate of wherein hydrogen titanate has an orthorhombic lepidocrocite-type titanate structure.7. The aggregate of wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures comprise anatase titania.8. The aggregate of wherein the one-dimensional nanostructures are nanotubes claim 1 , nanowires claim 1 , or a combination thereof.9. The aggregate of wherein the diameter of the aggregate is about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm.10. The aggregate of wherein the diameter of the aggregate is about 0.8 μm to about 1.2 μm.11. The aggregate of wherein the diameter of the interior core is about 10 nm to about 1 μm.12. The aggregate of wherein the diameter of the interior core is about 100 nm to about 200 nm.13. The aggregate of wherein the average diameter of the one-dimensional nanostructures is about 5 nm to about 100 nm.14. The aggregate of wherein the average ...

BASIC ZINC CYANURATE FINE PARTICLES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Basic zinc cyanurate fine particles are produced by subjecting a mixed slurry to wet dispersion using a dispersion medium at a temperature in the range of 5 to 55° C., the mixed slurry being formed by blending water, cyanuric acid, and at least one component selected from zinc oxide and basic zinc carbonate such that the cyanuric acid concentration is 0.1 to 10.0 mass % with respect to water. 1. Basic zinc cyanurate fine particles , having an average particle diameter D , as measured by a laser diffraction method , of from 80 to 900 nm and a specific surface area of from 20 to 100 m/g.2. The basic zinc cyanurate fine particles according to claim 1 , wherein the particles are produced by subjecting a mixed slurry to a wet dispersion with a dispersion medium at a temperature in a range of from 5 to 55° C. claim 1 , wherein the mixed slurry is formed by blending water claim 1 , cyanuric acid claim 1 , and at least one component selected from the group consisting of a zinc oxide and a basic zinc carbonate claim 1 , wherein a cyanuric acid concentration is 0.1 to 10.0 mass % with respect to water.3. A method for producing basic zinc cyanurate fine particles claim 1 , the method comprising subjecting a mixed slurry to a wet dispersion with a dispersion medium at a temperature in a range of from 5 to 55° C. claim 1 , wherein the mixed slurry is formed by blending water and cyanuric acid claim 1 ,wherein a cyanuric acid concentration is 0.1 to 10.0 mass % with respect to water, and further blending at least one component selected from the group consisting of a zinc oxide and a basic zinc carbonate.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the basic zinc cyanurate fine particles have an average particle diameter D claim 3 , as measured by a laser diffraction method claim 3 , of from 80 to 900 nm and a specific surface area of from 20 to 100 m/g.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the dispersion medium is at least one medium selected from the group consisting of ...

LITHIUM TITANATE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, COMPOSITE OF LITHIUM TITANATE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND CARBON, METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND ELECTRODE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL ELEMENT EMPLOYING SAID COMPOSITE

Highly dispersed lithium titanate crystal structures having a thickness of few atomic layers level and the two-dimensional surface in a plate form are supported on carbon nanofiber (CNF). The lithium titanate crystal structure precursors and CNF that supports these are prepared by a mechanochemical reaction that applies sheer stress and centrifugal force to a reactant in a rotating reactor. The mass ratio between the lithium titanate crystal structure and carbon nanofiber is preferably between 75:25 and 85:15. The carbon nanofiber preferably has an external diameter of 10-30 nm and an external specific surface area of 150-350 cm/g. This composite is mixed with a binder and then molded to obtain an electrode, and this electrode is employed for an electrochemical element. 1. A lithium titanate crystal structure having a thickness of 1 nm or less at 2-5 atomic layers level and having one side of the two-dimensional surface spread in a plate form at 5-100 nm.2. The lithium titanate crystal structure according to claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional surface is a (111) face.3. The lithium titanate crystal structure according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio between the thickness and one side of the two-dimensional surface is between 1:5 and 1:350.4. The lithium titanate crystal structure according to claim 1 , having a plate crystal structure with a thickness of few atomic layers level obtained by applying sheer stress and centrifugal force are to a solution comprising a titanium source and a lithium source to allow reaction and producing a lithium titanate crystal structure precursor claim 1 , and heating this precursor.5. A composite of lithium titanate crystal structure and carbon claim 1 , in which the dispersed lithium titanate crystal structure according to is supported on carbon nanofiber.6. The composite of lithium titanate crystal structure and carbon according to claim 5 , wherein the mass ratio between the lithium titanate crystal structure and carbon nanofiber ...

NANOCRYSTALLINE COPPER INDIUM DISELENIDE (CIS) AND INK-BASED ALLOYS ABSORBER LAYERS FOR SOLAR CELLS

Embodiments of the invention are to a copper indium diselenide (CIS) comprising nanoparticle where the nanoparticle includes a CIS phase and a second phase comprising a copper selenide. The CIS comprising nanoparticles are free of surfactants or binding agents, display a narrow size distribution and are 30 to 500 nm in cross section. In an embodiment of the invention, the CIS comprising nanoparticles are combined with a solvent to form an ink. In another embodiment of the invention, the ink can be used for screen or ink-jet printing a precursor layer that can be annealed to a CIS comprising absorber layer for a photovoltaic device. 1. A CIS comprising nanoparticle comprising:Cu, where optionally Cu includes some Au, Ag or both;In, Al, Zn, Sn, Ga, or any combination thereof; andSe, S, Te or any combination thereof, wherein the nanoparticle further comprises a secondary phase that comprises a compound that decomposes to a liquid, is free of a surfactant or binding agent.2. The CIS comprising nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the CIS comprising nanoparticle comprises Cu claim 1 , In claim 1 , and Se with a secondary phase comprising CuSe claim 1 , CuSe claim 1 , CuSe claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The CIS comprising nanoparticle of claim 2 , wherein the CuSe is α-CuSe claim 2 , β-CuSe claim 2 , or γ-CuSe.4. The CIS comprising nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the CIS comprising nanoparticle has a cubic (spharelite) or tetragonal (chalcopyrite) CIS crystal lattice.5. The CIS comprising nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein the CIS crystal lattice comprises Cu claim 4 , In claim 4 , and Se where a portion of its In is substituted with Al claim 4 , Zn claim 4 , Sn claim 4 , Ga claim 4 , or any combination thereof claim 4 , and/or Cu is substituted with Au claim 4 , Ag claim 4 , or any combination thereof in the cation lattice.6. The CIS comprising nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein the CIS crystal lattice comprises Cu claim 4 , In claim 4 , and Se where a portion of ...

Silica composite particles and method of preparing the same

Silica composite particles include silicon oxide and titanium in an amount of from 0.001% by weight to 10% by weight, wherein the silica composite particles have an average particle diameter of from 30 nm to 500 nm, a particle size distribution index of from 1.1 to 1.5, and an average degree of circularity of primary particles of from 0.5 to 0.85.

TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL, DISPERSION LIQUID, TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILM, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

According to one embodiment, a transparent conductive material is used for a transparent conductive film. The transparent conductive material includes nanographene having a polar group at a surface of the nanographene. 1. A transparent conductive material used for a transparent conductive film and comprising nanographene having a polar group at a surface of the nanographene.2. The transparent conductive material according to claim 1 , wherein the polar group is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group claim 1 , a methyl group claim 1 , an aldehyde group claim 1 , a carboxyl group claim 1 , a nitro group claim 1 , an amino group claim 1 , a hydroxyl group claim 1 , a mercapto group claim 1 , an organic amino group claim 1 , an alkoxy group claim 1 , a cyano group claim 1 , a nitromethyl group claim 1 , and a bis(alkoxycarbonyl)methyl group.3. The transparent conductive material according to claim 1 , further including a nonionic water-soluble resin with a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.4. The transparent conductive material according to claim 1 , further including poly(ethylene oxide).5. A dispersion liquid comprising:a solvent; anda transparent conductive material used for a transparent conductive film and including nanographene having a polar group at a surface of the nanographene.6. The dispersion liquid according to claim 5 , further including a nonionic water-soluble resin with a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.7. A transparent conductive film comprising a transparent conductive material used for a transparent conductive film and including nanographene having a polar group at a surface of the nanographene.8. The transparent conductive film according to claim 7 , wherein the polar group is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group claim 7 , a methyl group claim 7 , an aldehyde group claim 7 , a carboxyl group claim 7 , a nitro group claim 7 , an amino group claim 7 , a hydroxyl group claim ...

METALLIC STRUCTURES BY METALLOTHERMAL REDUCTION

Compositions made by metallothermal reduction from aerogels and phase separated glasses and glass ceramics formed and methods of producing such compositions are provided. The compositions have novel structures that incorporate nanoporous silicon and other metal, metalloid, or metal-oxide nanowires in form of three-dimensional scaffolds. Additional compositions possess unusual photoluminescence properties that indicate possible applications in lighting and electronics. 1. A composition comprising an aerometal.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aerometal has a density of from about 1 mg/cmto about 500 mg/cm.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aerometal has a surface area of from about 200 to about 2000 m/g.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aerometal has an average pore size of from about 0.4 to 1000 nm.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aerometal is photoluminescent or electroluminescent.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aerometal comprises a nanowire claim 1 , a powder claim 1 , a film or a three-dimensional body.7. A method of producing an aerometal claim 1 , comprising:a. forming an aerogel of a metal oxide or metallaloid oxide;b. subjecting the aerogel to a metallothermic process; andc. optionally, removing reaction by-products to give a substantially pure aerometal.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the subjecting the aerogel to a metallothermic process comprises heating to a temperature of greater than 400° C. for more than 2 hours and subsequently claim 7 , optionally heating to a temperature of greater than 600° C. for more than 2 hours.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the removing reaction by-products comprises acid etching the aerometal.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aerometal produced has a density of from about 1 mg/cmto about 500 mg/cm.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aerometal produced has an average pore size of from about 0.4 to 1000 nm.12. The method of claim 7 , wherein the aerometal ...

Surface Functionalized Colloidally Stable Spheroidal Nano-apatites Exhibiting Intrinsic Multi-functionality

Calcium-phosphate based nanoparticles (CAPNP) are synthesized which are simultaneously intrinsically magnetic and fluorescent, and extrinsically surface modified to serve an attachment function. Doping calcium phosphates during colloidal synthesis results in 10 nm particles that are stable in aqueous media and at physiological pH. The scalable, one-step synthesis produces several modified CAPNPs. By introducing metal dopants into the base crystal lattice during synthesis, magnetically, electronically and optically enhanced nanoparticle dispersions were similarly synthesized. 1. A hydroxyapatite nanoparticle comprising an intrinsic metal ion , wherein the metal ion causes the nanoparticle to be luminescent and magnetic.2. The hydroxyapatite nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein said metal ion is iron.3. The hydroxyapatite nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein said metal ion is neodymium.5. The nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein said calcium ion chelator is citric acid.6. The nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein said metal dopant is selected from the group consisting of iron and neodymium.7. The nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein said metal dopant is iron.8. The nanoparticle of claim 7 , wherein said iron is introduced in from about 5 to about 40 molar percent.9. The nanoparticle of claim 6 , wherein said metal dopant is neodymium.10. The nanoparticle of claim 9 , wherein said neodymium is introduced in from about 5 to about 30 molar percent.11. The nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein said phosphate source is KHPO.12. The nanoparticle of claim 4 , wherein said gel is aged about 3 days.14. The nanoparticle of claim 11 , wherein said metal dopant is selected from the group consisting of iron and neodymium.15. The nanoparticle of claim 11 , wherein said metal dopant is iron.16. The nanoparticle of claim 13 , wherein said iron is introduced in from about 5 to about 40 molar percent.17. The nanoparticle of claim 11 , wherein said metal dopant is neodymium.18. The nanoparticle of claim 15 ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE NANO PARTICLES

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for manufacturing composite nanoparticles. The apparatus comprises: a first precursor supply unit vaporizing a first precursor and supplying it to a reaction unit; a second precursor supply unit vaporizing a second precursor and supplying it to the reaction unit; the reaction unit producing composite nanoparticles by reacting the vaporized first precursor with the vaporized second precursor; an oxygen supply line supplying an oxygen source to the reaction unit; and a collection unit collecting the composite nanoparticles produced by the reaction unit. Since gas phase synthesis occurs in different stages using the U-shaped reaction chamber, aggregation is prevented and composite nanoparticles of uniform size and high specific surface area can be produced easily. 1. An apparatus for manufacturing composite nanoparticles , comprising:a first precursor supply unit vaporizing a first precursor and supplying it to a reaction unit;a second precursor supply unit vaporizing a second precursor and supplying it to the reaction unit;the reaction unit producing composite nanoparticles by reacting the vaporized first precursor with the vaporized second precursor;an oxygen supply line supplying an oxygen source to the reaction unit; anda collection unit collecting the composite nanoparticles produced by the reaction unit,wherein the reaction unit comprises:a U-shaped reaction chamber having: a first straight flow path wherein nanoparticles are produced from the vaporized first precursor supplied from the first precursor supply unit; a curved flow path which is communicated with the first straight flow path and allows the nanoparticles produced from the first straight flow path to be introduced to a second straight flow path with a curved flow; and the second straight flow path which is communicated with the curved flow path and wherein the composite nanoparticles are produced from the reaction of the nanoparticles of the first precursor ...

Synthesis, capping and dispersion of nanocrystals

Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films.

METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF NANOPARTICLES IN IONIC LIQUIDS

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of nanoparticles in ionic liquids. Specifically, the invention relates to a simple, quick and effective method for the preparation of dispersions of nanoparticles (nanofluids) in an ionic liquid. 1. Method for the preparation of a dispersion of nanoparticles in ionic liquids comprisinga) contacting a solid precursor with an ionic liquid,b) stirring the mixture between 50 and 150° C.,c) centrifugation and decantation.2. Method according claim 1 , which further comprises an additional step d) claim 1 , following step c) claim 1 , comprising the precipitation of the nanoparticles.3. Method according claim 2 , wherein the precipitation step d) claim 2 , comprises:i) adding a capping agent,ii) adding a solvent,iii) centrifugation and decantation.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the solid precursor in step a) is selected from the group consisting of metals claim 1 , metal oxides claim 1 , metal halides claim 1 , metal sulfides and metal selenides.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein metal components in step a) are selected from transition metals.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid in the step a) has a melting point at or below 150° C.7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step b) the mixture is stirred between 700 and 1300 rpm.8. Method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step c) the mixture is centrifuged between 3500 and 4500 rpm.9. Method according to claim 3 , wherein in the step i) the capping agent is a compound which is bearing a thiol group.10. Method according to claim 3 , wherein the solvent added in step ii) is selected from an alkyl alcohol and a dialkyl ketone.11. Method according to claim 3 , wherein in the step iii) the mixture is centrifuged between 4000 and 5000 rpm.12. Dispersion of nanoparticles in an ionic liquid obtainable by the method described in .13. Dispersion of nanoparticles in an ionic liquid according to claim 12 , wherein the nanoparticles have ...

BROAD-EMISSION NANOCRYSTALS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

In one aspect, the invention relates to an inorganic nanoparticle or nanocrystal, also referred to as a quantum dot, capable of emitting white light. In a further aspect, the invention relates to an inorganic nanoparticle capable of absorbing energy from a first electromagnetic region and capable of emitting light in a second electromagnetic region, wherein the second electromagnetic region comprises an at least about 50 nm wide band of wavelengths and to methods for the preparation thereof. In further aspects, the invention relates to a frequency converter, a light emitting diode device, a modified fluorescent light source, an electroluminescent device, and an energy cascade system comprising the nanoparticle of the invention. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. 1. A method of preparing an inorganic nanoparticle comprising the steps of:{'sub': 8', '20, 'a) heating a reaction mixture comprising a Cto Calkyl- or arylphosphonic acid and a source of cadmium or zinc to a temperature of greater than about 300° C.;'}{'sub': 2', '10, 'b) adding to the reaction mixture an injection mixture comprising a Cto Ctrialkyl- or triarylphosphine and a source of selenium, sulfur, or tellurium; and'}c) decreasing the temperature of the reaction mixture to less than about 300° C.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture further comprises at least one of a Cto Ctrialkyl- or triarylphosphine oxide claim 1 , or a Cto Calkylamine or arylamine claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the injection mixture further comprises a Cto Chydrocarbon.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of adding a solvent to the reaction mixture so as to decrease the temperature of the reaction mixture to less than about 250° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of cadmium or zinc comprises cadmium oxide.6. The method of claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HEMATITE IRON OXIDE WITH DIFFERENT NANOSTRUCTURES AND HEMATITE IRON OXIDE PREPARED THEREBY

Disclosed is a method for preparing hematite iron oxide having various nanostructures, including: preparing a mixture solution by adding iron chloride and caffeine to a solvent and magnetically stirring; and performing hydrothermal synthesis, wherein the solvent is selected from water, ethanol, propanol and methanol. In accordance with the present disclosure, hematite iron oxide (α-FeO) superstructures of various shapes, including grape, cube, dumbbell and microsphere shapes, can be synthesized in different solvents using caffeine. The shapes can be controlled variously via a simple one-step synthesis route without using a growth-inducing agent and without separation based on size. The prepared hematite iron oxide exhibits high coercivity at room temperature owing to its fine crystal structures and anisotropic shapes. The hematite iron oxide nanoparticles having different nanostructures prepared according to the present disclosure may be widely useful in biological and biochemical applications as a material having peroxidase mimic activity and thus capable of replacing natural enzymes. 1. A method for preparing nanorod-shaped hematite iron oxide having peroxidase activity , comprising:preparing an akaganeite (β-FeOOH, iron oxide-hydroxide) nanorod by adding hydrochloric acid or caffeine to a solution of iron chloride in a mixture solvent of water and ethanol; andperforming hydrothermal synthesis at 200-300° C. for 1-3 hours using the akaganeite nanorod as a precursor.2. The method for preparing nanorod-shaped hematite iron oxide according to claim 1 , wherein the length of the nanorod-shaped hematite iron oxide is controlled by adjusting at least one selected from the concentration of the hydrochloric acid claim 1 , the concentration of the caffeine and the volume ratio of the mixture solvent of water and ethanol.3. The method for preparing nanorod-shaped hematite iron oxide according to claim 2 , wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is adjusted to 0. ...

METHOD OF SYNTHESIZING BRANCHED GOLD NANOPARTICLES HAVING CONTROLLED SIZE AND BRANCHING

A method of synthesizing branched gold nanoparticles is described, starting from an aqueous solution of gold nanoparticle spherical seeds, which is subjected to a growth treatment with an aqueous solution comprising hydroxylamine or a salt thereof as a reducing agent and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) as an agent that directs the shape of the nanostructure, and by subsequent addition of an aqueous solution of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4). The structural features and the properties of the branched gold nanoparticles obtained by the method of the invention are also described. 1. A method of synthesizing branched gold nanoparticles by seed-mediated growth , comprising the steps of:a) providing an aqueous solution of gold nanoparticle spherical seeds; andb) subjecting the gold nanoparticle spherical seeds to a growth treatment, characterized in that it comprises:{'sub': '1', 'b) treating the aqueous solution of gold nanoparticle spherical seeds with an aqueous solution comprising hydroxylamine or a salt thereof as a reducing agent and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) as an agent that directs the shape of the said nanoparticles; and'}{'sub': '2', 'b) adding an aqueous solution comprising aurate ions, thereby obtaining branched gold nanoparticles by the controlled growth of branches on the surface of the gold nanoparticle spherical seeds.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the hydroxylamine salt is hydroxylamine hydrochloride or hydroxylamine sulfate.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution of step b) comprises a gold salt.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the gold salt is tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl).5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the gold nanoparticle spherical seeds claim 1 , before being subjected to the growing treatment of step b) claim 1 , are grown in size by a preventive treatment with an HEPES-free aqueous solution of a reducing agent and subsequent ...

SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS AND METHODS OF PREPARATION

A method for preparing semiconductor nanocrystals is disclosed. The method comprises adding a precursor mixture comprising one or more cation precursors, one or more anion precursors, and one or more amines to a ligand mixture including one or more acids, one or more phenol compounds, and a solvent to form a reaction mixture, wherein the molar ratio of (the one or more phenol compounds plus the one or more acids plus the one or more amine compounds) to the one or more cations initially included in the reaction mixture is greater than or equal to about 6, and heating the reaction mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to produce semiconductor nanocrystals having a predetermined composition. Methods for forming a buffer layer and/or an overcoating layer thereover are also disclosed. Semiconductor nanocrystals and compositions including semiconductor nanocrystals of the invention are also disclosed. In certain embodiments, a semiconductor nanocrystal includes one or more Group IIIA and one or more Group VA elements. 1. A method for preparing semiconductor nanocrystals , the method comprising:adding a precursor mixture comprising one or more cation precursors, one or more anion precursors, and one or more amines to a ligand mixture including one or more acids, one or more phenol compounds, and a solvent to form a reaction mixture, wherein the molar ratio of (the one or more phenol compounds plus the one or more acids plus the one or more amine compounds) to the one or more cations initially included in the reaction mixture is greater than or equal to about 6, andheating the reaction mixture at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to produce semiconductor nanocrystals having a predetermined composition.2. A method in accordance with wherein at least one cation precursor comprises a Group III cation precursor and at least one anion precursor comprises a Group V anion precursor.3. A method in accordance with wherein one or more phenol ...

MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN NANOSTRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME

The present invention provides molybdenum and tungsten nanostructures, for example, nanosheets and nanoparticles, and methods of making and using same, including using such nanostructures as catlysts for hydrogen evolution reactions. 1. Metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoNwherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ni , Co , Cu , Fe , Ga , Ge , Mn , Cr , V , Ti , Zr , Sc , Y , Nb , Hf , Ta , La and Ce.2. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets claim 1 , MMoNof wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , Ge claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , V claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Sc claim 1 , Y and mixtures thereof.3. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoNof wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Cu claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.4. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoN claim 1 , of wherein the ratio of a:b is about 1:0.5 to 1:20.5. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoNof wherein the ratio of a:b is about 1:1 to 1:20.6. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoNof wherein the ratio of a:b is about 1:1 to 1:10.7. The metal-molybdenum nitride nanosheets comprising MMoNof wherein the ratio of a:b is about 1:1 to 1:5.8. Metal-molybdenum carbide nanosheets comprising MMoCwherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 6 , Co claim 6 , Cu claim 6 , Fe claim 6 , Ga claim 6 , Ge claim 6 , Mn claim 6 , Cr claim 6 , V claim 6 , Ti claim 6 , Zr claim 6 , Sc claim 6 , Y claim 6 , Nb claim 6 , Hf claim 6 , Ta claim 6 , La and Ce.9. The metal-molybdenum carbide nanosheets comprising MMoCof wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ni claim 8 , Co claim 8 , Cu claim 8 , Fe claim 8 , Ga claim 8 , Ge claim 8 , Mn claim 8 , Cr claim 8 , V claim 8 , Zr claim 8 , Sc claim 8 , Y and mixtures thereof.10. The metal-molybdenum carbide nanosheets comprising MMoCof wherein M is ...

Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent GSH-CDTE Nanoparticles (Quantum Dots)

The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of glutathione-capped cadmium-telluride (GSH-CdTe) quantum dots in an aqueous medium, including the steps of: a) preparing a precursor solution of cadmium in a citrate buffer; b) adding glutathione (GSH) to the preceding mixture via strong agitation; c) adding a telluride (potassium or sodium telluride) oxyanion as a telluride donor to the preceding mixture; d) allowing the preceding mixture to react; and e) stopping the reaction by incubation at low temperature. 1. A synthesis method in aqueous medium of cadmium-tellurium quantum dots joined with glutathione (CdTe-GSH) , CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the steps of:a. prepare a cadmium precursor solution in a citrate buffer;b. add glutathione (GSH) to the above indicated mixture, applying intense agitation;c) add a tellurium oxyianion (sodium or potassium tellurite), as a tellurium donor, to the above indicated mixture;d) react the above described mixture, and;e) stop the reaction by low temperature incubation.2. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that in said step a) the cadmium precursor compounds corresponds to a soluble cadmium salt (CdCl claim 1 , CdSOor Cd(CHCO)).3. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that step a) can be accomplished in a citrate claim 1 , phosphate claim 1 , Tris-HCl buffer claim 1 , and a culture medium of microorganisms claim 1 , such as LB or M9.4. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that step d) is accomplished at pH range of 9-13.5. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that in step c) the CdCl:GSH:KTeOin the synthesis mixture corresponds to 4:10:1.6. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that in step d) the reaction temperature is 37-130° C.7. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that in step d) the reaction time is 12-24 h.8. The method according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that in step e) it is stopped the reaction by incubating the mixture at ...

CORE/SHELL MULTIFUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC NANOPHOSPHOR HAVING CORE/SHELL STRUCTURE AND SYNTHETIC METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to a nanophosphor and a synthesis method thereof, and provides a nanophosphor comprising a first compound of Formula 1, wherein the first compound is fluoride-based one which is co-doped with Ceand Tb. 1. A nanophosphor comprising a first compound of Formula 1 , wherein the first compound is fluoride-based one which is co-doped with Ce and Tb ,{'br': None, 'sub': 1−p−q−r', 'r', '4', 'p', 'q, 'sup': 3+', '3+, 'NaGdMF:Ce,Tb\u2003\u2003(1)'}wherein, p is a real number in the range of 0.01≦p≦0.5; q is a real number in the range of 0.001≦q≦0.35; r is a real number in the range of 0≦r<1; and 0.011≦p+q+r<1;M is one selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and combination thereof.2. The nanophosphor according to claim 1 , comprising:a core which comprises nanoparticles comprising a second compound of Formula 2, anda shell which comprises the first compound and covers the core,{'sup': 3+', '3+, 'claim-text': {'br': None, 'sub': 1−w−z−x−y', 'w', 'z', '4', 'x', 'y, 'sup': 3+', '3+, 'NaYGdLF:Yb,Er\u2003\u2003(2)'}, 'wherein the second compound is fluoride-based one which is co-doped with Yb and Er,'}wherein, x is a real number in the range of 0.1≦x≦0.9; y is a real number in the range of 0 Подробнее

DEVICE FOR MAKING NANO-SCALE PARTICLES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND METHOD OF MAKING NANO-SCALE PARTICLES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE USING THE DEVICE

A device for making nano-scale particles of titanium dioxide includes a vacuum chamber; an evaporator, a gas supplier, a vacuum pump assembly, and a product collecting device. The evaporator is mounted in the vacuum chamber. The gas supplier communicates with the vacuum chamber. The vacuum pump assembly communicates with the vacuum chamber. The product collecting device includes a pump, a guide pipe connected with the pump, and a powder collector communicating with the guide pipe. The pump communicates with the vacuum chamber. The guide pipe is inserted in the powder collector, the powder collector is filled with organic solvents. A method of making nano-scale particles of titanium dioxide using the device is also provided. 1. A device for making nano-scale particles of titanium dioxide , comprising:a vacuum chamber;an evaporator being mounted in the vacuum chamber;a gas supplier communicating with the vacuum chamber;a vacuum pump assembly communicating with the vacuum chamber; anda product collecting device communicating with the vacuum chamber, the product collecting device comprising a pump, a guide pipe connected with the pump, and a powder collector communicated with the guide pipe; the pump communicating with the vacuum chamber, the guide pipe being inserted in the powder collector to communicate with the powder collector, the powder collector being filled with organic solvent.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is a diluted solution containing ethanol claim 1 , isopropanol claim 1 , or butanol.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the mass concentration of the organic solvent is about 50% to about 70%.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device further comprises a separating board detachably mounted in the chamber claim 1 , when the separating board is installed on the chamber claim 1 , the chamber is divided into a lower separating chamber and a upper separating chamber by the separating board.5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the volume ...

Method for preparing nano-scale platinum

The invention discloses a preparation method of nano-scale platinum (Pt) using an open-loop reduction system. The preparation method comprises the steps of: utilizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a catalyst support; mixing platinum salt with a reducing agent and deionized water to form a precursor solution in a flask; heating the precursor solution in the flask at a predetermined temperature range to reduce nano-scale platinum nanoparticles on the carbon nanotubes by the process of water evaporation; allowing the water vapor to flow through a connection tube to a condenser; filling a cooling substance into the condenser via the first opening and draining the cooling substance from the condenser via the second opening to lower the temperature of the water vapor in the inner tube by the cooling substance and condense the water vapor into liquid water, which is collected with a beaker placed under the condenser.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PALLADIUM-PLATINUM CORE-SHELL CATALYSTS FOR FUEL CELLS

The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst for a fuel cell. More specifically, the present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst for a fuel cell, in which a platinum shell nano particle epitaxially grown on a palladium core is synthesized and dipped in a carbon support, thereby manufacturing the palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst for a hydrogen fuel cell, such that mass production of a uniform size is possible. Additionally, the techniques herein reduce the requirement for the use of expensive metal, which reduces the manufacturing cost of a fuel cell. Moreover, is the techniques herein are applicable to the field of high-efficiency hydrogen fuel cells having superior electric catalytic activity and durability. 1. A method for manufacturing a palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst , the method comprising:(a) dissolving a palladium precursor and a surface stabilizer in an organic solvent to prepare a mixture solution;(b) increasing a temperature of the mixture solution in a noble gas atmosphere to manufacture a sol;(c) mixing a platinum precursor solution in the sol to prepare a mixture;(d) increasing a temperature of the mixture in the noble gas atmosphere to prepare a nano particle;(e) adsorbing the nano particle to a carbon support to manufacture a palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:(f) removing the surface stabilizer from the palladium-platinum core-shell catalyst.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the palladium precursor is selected from the group consisting of sodium tetrachloro palladate (NaPdCl) claim 1 , potassium tetrachloro palladate (KPdCl) claim 1 , palladium chloride (PdCl) claim 1 , and any combination thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) claim 1 , sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) claim 1 , polyethylene ...

Synthesis, capping and dispersion of nanocrystals

Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films.

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SENSITIVE METAL NANOPARTICLES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DETECTION SYSTEM COMPRISING THE SAME

Provided is a hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle including: a metal nanoparticle including a biocompatible metal and a hydrogen peroxide reactive ion which is bonded to a surface of the metal nanoparticle and is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. 1. A hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle comprising:a metal nanoparticle including a biocompatible metal; anda hydrogen peroxide reactive ion which is bonded to a surface of the metal nanoparticle and is capable of being oxidized by hydrogen peroxide.2. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metal nanoparticle comprises a metal or a metal coated on silica.3. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible metal comprises gold claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , silver claim 1 , titanium or alloys thereof.4. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the metal nanoparticle has a diameter of 5-100 nm.5. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen peroxide reactive ion is adsorbed onto the metal nanoparticle.6. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen peroxide reactive ion comprises an iodide ion claim 1 , I.7. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle forms an agglomerate with other hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticles after a reaction with hydrogen peroxide.8. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 7 , wherein the agglomerate has a size of about 50 to about 600 nm.9. The hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle of claim 7 , wherein the agglomerate has a light absorbance which is higher than a light absorbance of the hydrogen peroxide sensitive metal nanoparticle prior to the forming of the agglomerate in a visible light region of about 600 nm or more or in a near infrared region.10. The hydrogen peroxide ...

THIN FILM AND NANOCRYSTALS OF EUROPIUM(II) COMPOUND DOPED WITH METAL IONS

The present invention relates to Eu (II) compound nanocrystals doped with transition metal ions. Such a constitution generates quantum size effects of an Eu (II) compound nanoparticle, while the transition metal ions can affect a magnetooptical property of the Eu (II) compound nanoparticle. Thus, the magnetooptical property can be improved. 110-. (canceled)11. An EuS nanocrystal doped with ions of Mn , Fe or Co.12. The nanocrystal according to which is coated with a film containing Mn claim 11 , Fe or Co.13. An EuS thin film doped with ions of Mn claim 11 , Fe or Co.14. A magnetooptical material which is made by using the nanocrystal described in .15. A magnetooptical material which is made by using the thin film described in .16. An inorganic glass thin film which comprises the nanocrystal described in .17. A polymer thin film which comprises the nanocrystal described in .18. An optical isolator with a Faraday rotator which is produced by using the nanocrystal described in .19. An optical isolator with a Faraday rotator which is produced by using the thin film described in .20. An optical isolator with a Faraday rotator which is produced by using the magnetooptical material described in .21. An optical isolator with a Faraday rotator which is produced by using the inorganic glass thin film described in .22. An optical isolator with a Faraday rotator which is produced by using the inorganic glass thin film described in .23. A manufacturing method of the nanocrystal claim 17 , which comprises:a step of dispersing a complex containing Eu (III) and a complex containing a transition metal in a solvent, anda step of synthesizing an Eu (II) compound nanocrystal doped with the transition metal ions by thermal reduction of the solvent,wherein the transition metal is Mn, Fe or Co, and the Eu (II) compound is EuS. Various aspects and embodiments of the present invention relate to nanocrystals and a thin film of an Eu (II) compound doped with metal ions.Conventionally, high- ...

Tellurium compound nanoparticles, composite nanoparticles, and production methods therefor

Tellurium compound nanoparticles, including: an element M 1 where M 1 is at least one element selected from Cu, Ag, and Au; an element M 2 where M 2 is at least one element selected from B, Al, Ga, and In; Te; and optionally an element M 3 where M 3 is at least one element selected from Zn, Cd, and Hg; wherein a crystal structure of the tellurium compound nanoparticles is a hexagonal system, the tellurium compound nanoparticles are of a rod shape and have an average short-axis length of 5.5 nm or less, and when irradiated with light at a wavelength in a range of 350 nm to 1,000 nm, the tellurium compound nanoparticles emit photoluminescence having a wavelength longer than the wavelength of the irradiation light.

Carbon-Based Fluorescent Tracers as Oil Reservoir Nano-Agents

The present invention relates to carbon-based fluorescent nano-agent tracers for analysis of oil reservoirs. The carbon-based fluorescent nano-agents may be used in the analysis of the porosity of a formation. The nanoagents are suitable for injection into a petroleum reservoir and may be recovered from the reservoir for the determination of hydrocarbon flow rates and retention times. 1. A method for the preparation of a fluorescent nanoagent for use in a subsurface petroleum reservoir , the method comprising the steps of:heating an aqueous solution comprising sugar under high pressure at a temperature of at least 150° C. for at least 4 hours;adding an amino alcohol to the solution and refluxing the resulting mixture for a period of at least 10 hours,collecting a solid product comprising carbon-based nanoparticles having fluorescent functional groups attached to the surface thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar is selected from glucose and fructose.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino alcohol is selected from methanolamine claim 1 , ethanolamine claim 1 , and propanolamine.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amino alcohol is ethanolamine.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent nanoagent is produced from a solution comprising glucose claim 1 , ethanolamine and deionized water reacted under conditions capable of synthesizing the fluorescent nanoagent.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent nanoagent is stable at a temperature of about 100° C. to about 200° C. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent nanoagent is stable at a salinity concentration of about 75 claim 1 ,000 ppm to about 120 claim 1 ,000 ppm.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorescent functional groups can be excited at a wavelength between 400 nm and 500 nm.9. A method for the preparation of a fluorescent nanoagent for use in a subsurface petroleum reservoir claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of:heating an aqueous solution comprising ...

GERMANANE ANALOGS AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES USING THE SAME

The present invention provides novel two-dimensional van der Waals materials and stacks of those materials. Also provided are methods of making and using such materials. 120-. (canceled)21. A method of synthesizing M-R comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a. reacting A-Mwith R—X to form M-R;'}wherein A is an alkaline earth metal;wherein M is Ge or Sn;wherein X is a halogen; and{'sub': '1-18', 'wherein R is Calkyl or H.'}22. The method of claim 21 , wherein R is H or CH.23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the reaction occurs in the absence of solvent.24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the reaction occurs in the presence of a solvent.2526-. (canceled)27. The method of claim 21 , wherein M is Ge.28. The method of claim 21 , wherein R is CH. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/244,572, filed on Apr. 3, 2014, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/814,412, filed on Apr. 22, 2013, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/822,065, filed on May 10, 2013; the entire contents of each of which are fully incorporated by reference herein.This invention was made with government support under grant/contract no. NSF/DMR-1201953 awarded by NSF and grant/contract no. W911-NF-12-1-0481 awarded by DARPA—ARMY/ARO. The government has certain rights in the invention.Two-dimensional van der Waals materials have shown great promise for a variety of electronic, optoelectronic, sensing and energy conversion applications. New materials are needed for such applications as well as new ways of making such two-dimensional van der Waals materials.In an embodiment, the invention provides a two-dimensional layer comprising M-R, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ge, and Sn; and wherein R is Calkyl or OH.In an embodiment, the invention provides a stack comprising the two-dimensional layer of M-R.In an embodiment, the invention provides an alloy comprising GeSnR, wherein Ris H, OH or Calkyl and x is about 0 to about 1; wherein Ris not H ...

QUANTUM DOT, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE DOT, AND COMPACT, SHEET MEMBER, WAVELENGTH CONVERSION MEMBER AND LIGHT EMITTING APPARATUS USING THE QUANTUM DOT

To provide a quantum dot and manufacturing method of the dot particularly capable of reducing organic residues adhering to the quantum dot surface and of suppressing the black discoloration occurrence of a layer including the quantum dot positioned immediately above a light emitting device, and a compact, sheet member, wavelength conversion member and light emitting apparatus with high luminous efficiency using the quantum dot, a quantum dot of the present invention has a core portion including a semiconductor particle, and a shell portion with which the surface of the core portion is coated, and is characterized in that a weight reduction up to 490° C. is within 75% in a TG-DTA profile. Further, the quantum dot of the invention is characterized in that oleylamine (OLA) is not observed in GC-MS qualitative analysis at 350° C. 1. A method of manufacturing a quantum dot having a core portion including a semiconductor particle ,wherein a quantum dot solution is prepared by including a step of synthesizing the semiconductor particle to form the core portion, and an ultracentrifuge is used in a step of cleaning the quantum dot solution.2. The method of manufacturing a quantum dot according to claim 1 , wherein the method includes a step of coating the surface of the core portion with a shell portion after the step of forming the core portion claim 1 , and shifts to the cleaning step after coating the surface of the core portion with the shell portion.3. The method of manufacturing a quantum dot according to claim 2 , wherein the shell portion is formed of a first shell portion coating the core portion claim 2 , and a second shell portion coating the surface of the first shell portion. This is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/302,048, filed Oct. 5, 2016, which is a National Stage Application of PCT/JP2015/060612, filed Apr. 3, 2015, which claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-079562, filed Apr. 8, 2014. The disclosure of each of the ...

QUANTUM DOT, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE DOT, AND COMPACT, SHEET MEMBER, WAVELENGTH CONVERSION MEMBER AND LIGHT EMITTING APPARATUS USING THE QUANTUM DOT

A quantum dot has a property that, when subjected to a GC-MS qualitative analysis at 350° C., octadecene (ODE) is present while oleylamine (OLA) is absent. A light emitting apparatus has a fluorescent layer covering and disposed immediately above a light emitting side of a light emitting device. The fluorescent layer, which is disposed immediately above the light emitting device, is formed of a resin with quantum dots dispersed therein. Deteriorations of light emission intensities at respective RGB peak wavelengths of the light emitting device after light emission for 1000 hours at 85° C. are all within 30% of a light emission intensity of the light emitting device before the light emission. Black discoloration caused by the deteriorations of the light emission intensities at the respective RGB peak wavelengths of the light emitting device does not occur in the resin. 1. A quantum dot having a property that , when subjected to a GC-MS qualitative analysis at 350° C. , octadecene (ODE) is present while oleylamine (OLA) is absent.2. A light emitting apparatus having a fluorescent layer covering and disposed immediately above a light emitting side of a light emitting device ,wherein the fluorescent layer, which is disposed immediately above the light emitting device, is formed of a resin with quantum dots dispersed therein,wherein deteriorations of light emission intensities at respective RGB peak wavelengths of the light emitting device after light emission for 1000 hours at 85° C. are all within 30% of a light emission intensity of the light emitting device before the light emission, andwherein black discoloration caused by the deteriorations of the light emission intensities at the respective RGB peak wavelengths of the light emitting device does not occur in the resin. The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/302,048, filed Oct. 5, 2016, which is a national stage entry of International Pat. Appl. No. PCT/JP2015/060612, filed ...

METHOD OF MAKING QUANTUM DOTS

Quantum dots and methods of making quantum dots are provided. 1. A method for making quantum dots comprising:combining one or more highly reactive chalcogenide precursors, one or more highly reactive metal precursors, and a seed stabilizing agent at a reaction temperature to form a reaction mixture where the ratio of metal to chalcogenide is in a range from about 1:1 to about 1:0.5, andquenching the reaction mixture resulting in quantum dots.25-. (canceled)6. A method in accordance with wherein a metal precursor comprises a metal carboxylate.7. A method in accordance with wherein a metal precursor comprises cadmium oleate (Cd(Oleate)).8. A method in accordance with wherein the seed stabilizing agent comprises a phosphonic acid.9. A method in accordance with wherein the seed stabilizing agent is octadecylphosphonic acid.10. A method in accordance with wherein the reaction temperature is sufficient to form the quantum dots.11. A method in accordance with wherein quenching comprises dropping the temperature to a temperature sufficiently low to prevent nucleation and Ostwald ripening.12. A method in accordance with wherein quenching comprises dropping the temperature to a temperature sufficiently low to prevent nucleation and Ostwald ripening claim 1 , but is sufficiently high for a subsequent growth of the quantum dot.13. A method in accordance with wherein the quantum dots comprise CdSe and the reaction temperature is about 270° C.14. A method in accordance with wherein the step of quenching the reaction mixture is accomplished by rapid addition of a non-coordinating solvent to the reaction mixture sufficient to lower the reaction mixture temperature to a quenching temperature.15. A method in accordance with wherein the non-coordinating solvent is 1-octadecene.16. A method in accordance with wherein the quenching temperature is in a range from about 200 to about 240° C.17. (canceled)18. A method in accordance with wherein a highly reactive chalcogenide precursor ...

Photoluminescent nano composite material and method of fabricating the same

Provided is a photoluminescent nano composite material including a plurality of silicon oxide clusters and a plurality of carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are embedded in the silicon oxide clusters, wherein the carbon nanostructures generate an emitted light upon irradiation of an excitation light source.

SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-BASED THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

Nanowire synthesis and one dimensional nanowire synthesis of titanates and cobaltates. Exemplary titanates and cobaltates that are fabricated and discussed include, without limitation, strontium titanate (SrTiO), barium titanate (BaTiO), lead titanate (PbTiO), calcium cobaltate (CaCoO) and sodium cobaltate (NaCoO). 1. A process for forming nanowires , the process comprising:combining potassium titanate nanowires with a solution comprising KOH mixed with strontium nitrate, barium nitrate, or sodium nitrate to create a combination; andprocessing the combination by heating the combination at a temperature above 200° C. for at least one day to form an end product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processing further comprises:washing the end product after the heating step-by rinsing the end product with deionized water.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein processing the combination further comprises separating the end product from solution.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the potassium titanate nanowires are formed by mixing nanoparticles containing titanium with a solution containing KOH to create a precursor mixture; andheating the mixture. The present U.S. patent application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/000,740, filed Oct. 29, 2013, which is a U.S. National Stage Application of PCT/US2012/025872, filed Feb. 21, 2012, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. provisional patent application 61/445,178, filed on Feb. 22, 2011, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.The present disclosure is directed to nanowire synthesis and, more specifically, to one dimensional nanowire synthesis of titanates. Exemplary titanates that will be discussed include, without limitation, strontium titanate (SrTiO), barium titanate (BaTiO), lead titanate (PbTiO), calcium cobaltate (CaCoO) and sodium cobaltate (NaCoO). In exemplary form, synthesis of each of the foregoing titanates follows the same generic method for the ...

Compositions, optical component, system including an optical component, devices, and other products

The present inventions relate to optical components which include quantum confined semiconductor nanoparticles, wherein at least a portion of the nanoparticles include a ligand attached to a surface thereof, the ligand being represented by the formula X-Sp-Z, wherein: X represents: a primary amine group, a secondary amine group, a urea, a thiourea, an imidizole group, an amide group, a carboxylic acid or carboxylate group, a phosphonic or arsonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a phosphate group, a phosphite group, a phosphinic acid group, a phosphinate group, a phosphine oxide group, a phosphinite group, a phosphine group, an arsenic acid group, an arsenate group, an arsenous acid group, an arsenite group, an arsinic acid group, an arsine oxide group, or an arsine group; Sp represents a group capable of allowing a transfer of charge or an insulating group; and Z represents a multifunctional group including three or more functional groups capable of communicating a specific property or chemical reactivity to the nanoparticle, wherein at least three of the functional groups are chemically distinct, and wherein Z is not reactive upon exposure to light. As used herein, the term “optical components” includes, but is not limited to, optical components, systems including optical components, lamps including optical components, devices including optical components, films useful in the foregoing, inks useful in making the foregoing, and compositions useful in the foregoing.

SYNTHESIS, CAPPING AND DISPERSION OF NANOCRYSTALS

Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films. 1. Nanocrystals formed by a solvothermal method , said method comprisingdissolving or mixing at least one precursor of said nanocrystals in at least one solvent to produce a solution,heating said solution to a temperature in the range of greater than a temperature of 250° C. to a temperature of 350° C. and a pressure in the range of 100-900 psi to form said nanocrystals,whereinsaid nanocrystals are comprised of at least one of hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium-zirconium oxide and titanium-zirconium oxide.2. The nanocrystals of wherein said at least one precursor is selected from the group consisting of at least one of an alkoxide claim 1 , an acetate claim 1 , an acetylacetonate claim 1 , and a halide.3. The nanocrystals of wherein said pressure is in the range of 100-500 psi.4. The nanocrystals of wherein said temperature is in the range of 300-350° C.5. The nanocrystals of wherein said heating comprises heating for 1-2 hours.6. The nanocrystals of wherein said nanocrystals are capped with at least one agent to increase the solubility or dispersibility of said nanocrystals.7. The nanocrystals of wherein said at least one agent comprises at least one organosilane claim 6 , organocarboxylic acid or organoalcohol.8. The nanocrystals of wherein said at least one agent to cap said nanocrystals is included in the solution.9. The nanocrystals of wherein said at least one agent to cap said nanocrystals is contacted with said solution prior claim 8 , during or ...

PROCESSES FOR SYNTHESIZING NANOCRYSTALS

A process of synthesizing Ga—Se nanocrystals is provided, the process including: 115.-. (canceled)16. A nanoparticle including a nanocrystal of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 1-1:{'br': None, 'sub': x', 'y, 'GaSeA\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}{'br': None, 'sub': 'x', 'GaSe\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1-1]'}wherein x is about 1.1 to 1.5, y is about 0.1 to 4, and A is S, Te, N, P, As, Al, In, Zn, Cd, Mg, Mn, Ag, Au, or a combination thereof.171. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein the nanoparticle comprises the nanocrystal of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-1.181. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein x is greater than or equal to about 1.2191. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein x is less than or equal to about 1.36.201. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein the nanocrystal of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 1-1 is a selenium-rich Ga—Se nanocrystal.211. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein the A is S , Te , N , P , As , Al , Zn , Cd , Mg , Mn , Ag , Au , or a combination thereof.221. The nanoparticle of claim , wherein the nanoparticle has a core shell structure comprising a first nanocrystal and the nanocrystal of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 1-1 is disposed on a surface of the first nanocrystal.23. The nanoparticle of claim 22 , wherein the first nanocrystal comprises a Group II-VI compound claim 22 , a Group III-V compound claim 22 , a Group IV-VI compound claim 22 , or a combination thereof.24. The nanoparticle of claim 23 , wherein the Group III-V compound further includes a Group II metal.25. The nanoparticle of claim 22 , wherein the first nanocrystal comprises a Group semiconductor nanocrystal core.26. The nanoparticle of claim 22 , wherein the first nanocrystal is a core-shell type semiconductor nanocrystal.27. The nanoparticle of claim 22 , wherein the first nanocrystal comprises ZnS claim 22 , ZnSe claim 22 , ZnTe claim 22 , ZnO claim ...

Quantum Dots Stabilized With A Metal Thiol Polymer

A composition of matter comprises a plurality of quantum dots and a metal thiol polymer that acts to stabilize the quantum dots. In certain embodiments, the metal thiol polymer is a zinc thiol polymer. The zinc thiol polymer may be a zinc alkanethiolate. The zinc alkanethiolate may be zinc dodecanethiolate (Zn-DDT). A composition comprising a plurality of quantum dots and a metal thiol polymer may be formulated with one or more additional polymers as a quantum dot-containing bead or as a quantum dot-containing composite material—e.g., a multilayer film.

METHODS OF NANOSTRUCTURE FORMATION AND SHAPE SELECTION

Methods for forming nanostructures of various shapes are disclosed. Nanocubes, nanowires, nanopyramids and multiply twinned particles of silver may by formed by combining a solution of silver nitrate in ethylene glycol with a solution of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) in ethylene glycol. Hollow nanostructures may be formed by reacting a solution of solid nanostructures comprising one of a first metal and a first metal alloy with a metal salt that can be reduced by the first metal or first metal alloy. Nanostructures comprising a core with at least one nanoshell may be formed by plating a nanostructure and reacting the plating with a metal salt. 1. A method of manufacturing metal nanostructures comprising:identifying a desired shape for the metal nanostructures;forming the metal nanostructures under reaction conditions optimized to yield the desired shape at a higher percentage than any other nanostructure shape; andseparating the nanostructures having the desired shape from nanostructures of other shapes.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separating comprises filtering nanostructures having the described shape from nanostructures of other shapes.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the separating is achieved by gravity.4. A method of preparing hollow nanostructures comprising:obtaining a solution of solid nanostructures comprising at least one metal;selecting a salt of a second metal, wherein the first metal can reduce the salt; andblending a sufficient amount of the salt with the solid nanostructure solution to enable the formation of hollow nanostructures.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the salt is HAuCl.6. The method of wherein the amount of the salt is sufficient to yield hollow nanostructures comprising substantially non-porous walls.7. The method of wherein the amount of the salt is sufficient to yield hollow nanostructures comprising porous walls.8. The method of wherein the solid nanostructures comprise nanocubes and the hollow nanostructures comprise ...

Immunological control of beta-amyloid levels in vivo

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods useful for controlling β-amyloid levels. In particular, the instant invention relates to an antibody that catalyzes hydrolysis of β-amyloid at a predetermined amide linkage are provided. The present invention also provides a vectorized antibody that is capable of crossing the blood brain barrier and is also capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of β-amyloid at a predetermined amide linkage. Also provided are methods for modulating β-amyloid levels in vivo using antibodies that bind to β-amyloid. These compositions and methods have therapeutic applications, including the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

CuO - TiO2 NANOCOMPOSITE PHOTOCATALYST FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION, PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

The present investigation is development of the TiOnanotubes concept of preparation of and their composite with fine dispersion of copper. The inventions also relates to identify a method for optimum amount of photocatalyst required for efficient and maximum hydrogen production reported than earlier (H=99,823 μmol·h·gcatalyst) from glycerol-water mixtures under solar light irradiation. A method is disclosed to produce CuO/TiOnanotubes with high sustainability and recyclable activity for hydrogen production. 1. CuO—TiOnanocomposite photocatalyst which comprises of TiOnanotubes in the range of 98-99.9 wt % and CuO in the range of 0.1 to 2 wt %.2. CuO—TiOnanocomposite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein TiOnanotube composed of bicrystalline anatase-rutile phase with tube length 300 to 400 nm and diameter 8-12 nm.3. CuO—TiOnanocomposite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein CuO is deposited on TiOnanotubes surface in the form of quantum dots.4. CuO—TiOnanocomposite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 3 , wherein size of CuO quantum dots is less than 10 nm.5. A method for the preparation of CuO—TiOnanocomposite photocatalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the said process comprising the steps of;{'sub': '2', 'a) dispersing TiOμm-sized particles (TMP) into NaOH aqueous solution under magnetic stirring at temperature ranging between 25 to 35° C. for a period ranging between 0.5 to 2 h to obtain homogeneous suspension;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'b) heating homogeneous suspension as obtained in step (a) into an autoclave for a period ranging between 6 to 72 h at temperature ranging between 120 to 150° C. to obtain precipitate of TiOnanotube followed by washing with water, dilute HCl and ethanol in steps subsequently drying the precipitate at temperature ranging between 60 to 100° C. for a period ranging between 8 to 24 h then calcining TiOnanotube at temperature ranging between 300 to 400° C. for a period ranging 2 to 7 h to obtain calcined TiOnanotube;'}{'sub': ...

Semiconductor structure with insulator coating

Semiconductor structures having insulators coatings and methods of fabricating semiconductor structures having insulators coatings are described. In an example, a method of coating a semiconductor structure involves adding a silicon-containing silica precursor species to a solution of nanocrystals. The method also involves, subsequently, forming a silica-based insulator layer on the nanocrystals from a reaction involving the silicon-containing silica precursor species. The method also involves adding additional amounts of the silicon-containing silica precursor species after initial forming of the silica-based insulator layer while continuing to form the silica-based insulator layer to finally encapsulate each of the nanocrystals.

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING FREE-STANDING TWO-DIMENSIONAL NANOCRYSTALS

The present invention is directed to compositions comprising at least one layer or at least two layers, each layer comprising a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, having first and second surfaces, each crystal cell having the empirical formula of MX, where M, X, and n are described in the specification, and devices incorporating these compositions. 1. A composition comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces , each layer comprising:a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,{'sub': n+1', 'n, 'each crystal cell having the empirical formula of MX, such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M;'}wherein M is at least one Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metal or Mn;each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; andn=1, 2, or 3; and whereinat least one of said surfaces of each layer has bound thereto surface terminations comprising alkoxide, carboxylate, halide, hydroxide, hydride, oxide, sub-oxide, nitride, sub-nitride, sulfide, thiol, or a combination thereof.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein both surfaces of each layer have surface terminations comprising alkoxide claim 1 , carboxylate claim 1 , halide claim 1 , hydroxide claim 1 , hydride claim 1 , oxide claim 1 , sub-oxide claim 1 , nitride claim 1 , sub-nitride claim 1 , sulfide claim 1 , thiol claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein M is at least one Group IVB claim 1 , Group VB claim 1 , or Group VIB metal or Mn.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the surfaces of each layer has surface terminations comprising hydroxide claim 1 , oxide claim 1 , sub-oxide claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein M is Ti claim 1 , and n is 1 or 2.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein X is carbon.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein MXcomprises TiC claim 1 , TiNbC claim 1 , TiCN claim 1 , or TiC.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein MXcomprises TiC or TiC.9. A stacked ...

PROCESS FOR MAKING SILVER NANOSTRUCTURES AND COPOLYMER USEFUL IN SUCH PROCESS

A process for making silver nanostructures, which includes the step of reacting at least one polyol and at least one silver compound that is capable of producing silver metal when reduced, in the presence of: (a) a source of chloride or bromide ions, and (b) at least one copolymer that comprises: (i) one or more first constitutional repeating units that each independently comprise at least one pendant saturated or unsaturated, five-, six-, or seven-membered, acylamino- or diacylamino-containing heterocylic ring moiety per constitutional repeating unit, and (ii) one or more second constitutional repeating units, each of which independently differs from the one or more first nonionic constitutional repeating units, and has a molecular weight of greater than or equal to about grams per mole, is described herein. 1. A process for making silver nanostructures , comprising reacting at least one polyol and at least one silver compound that is capable of producing silver metal when reduced , in the presence of:(a) a source of chloride or bromide ions, and (i) one or more first constitutional repeating units that each independently comprise at least one pendant saturated or unsaturated, five-, six-, or seven-membered, acylamino- or diacylamino-containing heterocylic ring moiety per first constitutional repeating unit, and', '(ii) one or more second constitutional repeating units, each of which independently differs from the one or more first constitutional repeating units,', 'and has a molecular weight of greater than or equal to about 500 grams per mole., '(b) at least one copolymer that comprises2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first constitutional repeating units of the copolymer each independently comprise a pyrrolidonyl moiety or a pyrrolidinedionyl moiety and the second constitutional repeating units of the copolymer each independently comprise a cationic moiety.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , wherein the copolymer is a random copolymer made by ...

Quantum dot-containing materials and products including same cross reference to related applications

A pre-polymer formulation comprising quantum dots and a precursor for a polymer having a free volume parameter V FH2 /γ with a value less than or equal to 0.03 cm 3 /g is disclosed. A pre-polymer formulation comprising quantum dots and a cyclohexylacrylate monomer is further disclosed. Also disclosed are a quantum dot composition including quantum dots dispersed in a polymer matrix, the quantum dot composition being prepared from a pre-polymer formulation comprising quantum dots and a precursor for a polymer having a free volume parameter V FH2 /γ with a value less than or equal to cm 3 /g; a method; and other products including a quantum dot composition described herein.

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING FREE-STANDING TWO-DIMENSIONAL NANOCRYSTALS

The present invention is directed to compositions comprising free standing and stacked assemblies of two dimensional crystalline solids, and methods of making the same. 1. A composition comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces , each layer comprising:a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells,{'sub': n+1', 'n, 'each crystal cell having an empirical formula of MX, such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M,'}wherein M is at least one Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metal,wherein each X is C, N, or a combination thereof andn=1, 2, or 3.2. The composition of comprising a plurality of layers.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein M is at least one Group IVB claim 1 , Group VB claim 1 , or Group VIB metal.4. The composition of wherein M is Ti claim 1 , and n is 1 or 2.5. The composition of wherein MXcomprises ScC claim 1 , ScN claim 1 , TiC claim 1 , TiN claim 1 , VC claim 1 , VN claim 1 , CrC claim 1 , CrN claim 1 , ZrC claim 1 , ZrN claim 1 , NbC claim 1 , NbN claim 1 , HfC claim 1 , HfN claim 1 , TiC claim 1 , TiN claim 1 , VC claim 1 , TaC claim 1 , TaN claim 1 , TiC claim 1 , TiN claim 1 , VC claim 1 , VN claim 1 , TaC claim 1 , TaN claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The composition of wherein MXcomprises TiC claim 1 , TiCN claim 1 , TiC claim 1 , TaC claim 1 , or (VCr)C.7. The composition of wherein M is Ta claim 1 , and n is 2 or 3.8. The composition of wherein at least one of said surfaces is coated with a coating comprising alkoxide claim 1 , carboxylate claim 1 , halide claim 1 , hydroxide claim 1 , hydride claim 1 , oxide claim 1 , sub-oxide claim 1 , nitride claim 1 , sub-nitride claim 1 , sulfide claim 1 , thiol claim 1 , or a combination thereof.9. The composition of claim 1 , the crystal cells having an empirical formula TiCor TiC and wherein at least one of said surfaces is coated with a coating comprising hydroxide claim 1 , oxide claim 1 , sub-oxide claim 1 , or a combination thereof.10. The ...

SYNTHESIS OF METAL ALLOY NANOPARTICLES VIA A NEW REAGENT

Methods for producing nanoparticles of metal alloys and the nanoparticles so produced are provided. The methods include addition of surfactant and cationic metal to a novel reagent complex between zero-valent metal and a hydride. The nanoparticles of zero-valent metal alloys produced by the method include ˜7 nm zero-valent manganese-bismuth useful in fabricating a less expensive permanent magnet. 1. A method for synthesizing metal alloy nanoparticles , comprising: {'br': None, 'sup': '0', 'sub': 'y', 'M\ue8a0X\u2003\u2003I,'}, 'adding surfactant and a cationic metal to a reagent complex according to Formula I,'}{'sup': '0', 'wherein Mis a zero-valent metal, X is a hydride, and y is an integral or fractional value greater than zero.'}2. The method of wherein the reagent complex is in suspended contact with a solvent.3. The method of wherein the solvent is an ethereal solvent.4. The method of wherein the ethereal solvent is tetrahydrofuran.5. The method of wherein the cationic metal is added simultaneous with or prior to the surfactant.6. The method of wherein the zero-valent metal is a zero-valent transition metal.7. The method of wherein the zero-valent transition metal is a period 4 zero-valent transition metal.8. The method of wherein the period 4 zero-valent transition metal is manganese.9. The method of wherein the complex has an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy peak centered at about 636 eV.10. The method of wherein the cationic metal is a cationic post-transition metal.11. The method of wherein the cationic metal is cationic bismuth.12. The method of wherein the surfactant comprises a nitrile.13. The method of wherein the surfactant comprises heptylcyanide.14. The method of wherein the hydride is a complex hydride.15. The method of wherein the hydride is a borohydride.16. The method of wherein the hydride is lithium borohydride.17. The method of further comprising the step claim 1 , prior to adding surfactant and a cationic metal to the reagent complex claim 1 ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SILVER NANOWIRES

A process for manufacturing silver nanowires is provided, wherein the recovered silver nanowires have a high aspect ratio; and, wherein the total glycol concentration is <0.001 wt % at all times during the process. 1. A process for manufacturing high aspect ratio silver nanowires , comprising:providing a container;providing water;providing a reducing sugar;providing a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP);providing a source of copper (II) ions;providing a source of halide ions;providing a source of silver ions;providing a pH adjusting agent;adding the water, the reducing sugar, the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), the source of copper (II) ions, the source of halide ions, and the pH adjusting agent to the container to form a combination, wherein the combination has a pH of 2.0 to 4.0;heating the combination to 110 to 160° C.;then adding the source of silver ions to the container to form a growth mixture;then maintaining the growth mixture at 110 to 160° C. for a hold period of 2 to 30 hours to provide a product mixture; and,recovering a plurality of high aspect ratio silver nanowires from the product mixture; and,wherein a total glycol concentration in the container is <0.001 wt % at all times during the process.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:dividing the source of silver ions into a first portion and a second portion;heating the combination to 140 to 160° C.;then adding the first portion to the container to form a creation mixture;then cooling the creation mixture to 110 to 135° C. during a delay period;following the delay period, adding the second portion to the container to form the growth mixture.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the growth mixture is maintained at 110 to 135° C. during the hold period.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the reducing sugar provided is glucose.5. The process of claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) provided has a weight average molecular weight claim 3 , M claim 3 , of 40 claim 3 ,000 to 150 claim 3 ,000 Daltons.6 ...

TIN SULFIDE QUANTUM DOTS FOR IN VIVO NEAR INFRARED IMAGING

An aqueous approach to synthesize capped SnS quantum dots (QDs) followed by optional capping molecule extension by attaching one or more extending molecules to the capping molecule via peptide bond formation at elevated temperature. The capped SnS QDs may have a capping molecule:Sn:S molar ratio of 16:3:1 to 16:12:1. A suspension of SnS QDs was heat-treated at 200° C. for 0.5-4 hrs. The obtained SnS QDs showed an NIR emission peak at 820-835 nm with an excitation wavelength at 690 nm. The as synthesized SnS QDs were found to have high positive zeta potential of ˜30 mV and thus were toxic to cells. By neutralizing the SnS QDs the cytotoxicity was reduced to an accepted level. The heat-treatment step can be obviated by adding a glycerol solution containing S anions and capping molecule to a glycerol solution of Sn ions. 1. A method for the preparation of tin sulfide quantum dots that exhibit a near infrared emission for use in in vivo imaging comprising steps of:{'sup': 2+', '2−, '(a) reacting Sn cations with S anions in water, a water-miscible solvent or a combination thereof and a capping molecule to form capped SnS quantum dots;'}(b) optionally extending at least some of the capping moieties of the SnS quantum dots by peptide bond formation to provide extended capped SnS quantum dots; and(c) if necessary, neutralizing the extended capped SnS quantum dots.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of capping molecule:S in the quantum dots is from about 8:1 to about 32:1.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of capping molecule:S in the quantum dots is from about 12:1 to about 20:1.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of Sn:S in the quantum dots is from about 1:1 to about 32:1.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of Sn:S in the quantum dots is from about 3:1 to about 12:1.6. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein step (a) comprises the steps of:(i) providing a solution of ...

METHODS OF PREPARING METAL QUANTUM CLUSTERS IN MOLECULAR CONFINEMENT

Methods for the synthesis of metal quantum clusters within the framework of a porous gel matrix are described. For example, Ag(glutathione)quantum clusters are synthesized in a cross-linked polyacrylamide gel matrix. The methods can be performed on large-scale and yields monodispersed metal quantum clusters. 1. A method of making metal quantum clusters , the method comprisingmixing at least one metal quantum cluster precursor compound with at least one polymerizable material to form a mixture;combining the mixture with at least one polymerization agent to form the porous gel matrix which encapsulates the metal quantum cluster precursor compound; andgrowing metal quantum clusters within a porous gel matrix.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal quantum cluster precursor compound is prepared by reacting a metal-containing compound with a capping agent to yield the metal quantum cluster precursor compound.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the metal-containing compound comprises metal thiolates claim 3 , organometallic compounds claim 3 , metal oxides claim 3 , inorganic salts claim 3 , coordination compounds claim 3 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the metal-containing compound comprises Mg claim 3 , Zn claim 3 , Fe claim 3 , Cu claim 3 , Sn claim 3 , Ti claim 3 , Ag claim 3 , Au claim 3 , Cd claim 3 , Se claim 3 , Si claim 3 , Pt claim 3 , S claim 3 , Ni or combinations thereof.6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the capping agent comprises an aromatic group claim 3 , a conjugated pi system claim 3 , a pi bond claim 3 , a nitrogen atom claim 3 , an oxygen atom claim 3 , a sulphur atom claim 3 , a phosphorus atom claim 3 , an aromatic thiol claim 3 , an aliphatic thiol claim 3 , or combinations thereof.8. The method of claim 3 , wherein the capping agent is an organosulfur compound.910.-. (canceled)11. The method of wherein the metal precursor is a metal thiolate.12. The method of claim 1 , ...

Semiconductor nanocrystals and methods of preparation

Semiconductor nanocrystals and methods of making are provided.

Method for producing single crystalline zinc oxide nanoparticles

A method for producing single crystalline zinc oxide nanoparticles that is capable of mass production includes mixing, between processing surfaces which are disposed in a position facing each other so as to be able to approach and separate from each other and rotate relative to each other, a zinc oxide separating solvent prepared by homogeneously mixing an acidic substance with a solvent containing at least alcohol and a raw material solution obtained by mixing a zinc oxide nanoparticle raw material with a basic solvent or a raw material solution that is basic as a result of mixing and dissolving a zinc oxide nanoparticle raw material with and into a solvent, and discharging a mixed fluid in which zinc oxide nanoparticles have separated out from between the processing surfaces. The zinc oxide separating solvent and the raw material solution are mixed between the processing surfaces so that the mixed fluid becomes basic, and zinc oxide nanoparticles are generated by an acid-base reaction due to mixing of the acidic substance and the basic solvent.

APPARATUS FOR SYNTHETISING TIN DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TIN DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES

The following invention relates to a novel and efficient nanoparticles synthesis reactor and process production. More particularly, the present invention is applied to the synthesis of nanostructured tin dioxide. The benefits provided by the invention can be seen in various gaseous reactions where occurs the formation of solid and gaseous phases. 1. A nanoparticles synthesis reactor comprising:a tubular section provided with an inlet, a gas distributor, which has a circular shape provided with an inlet, baffles and orifices;said tubular section is provided with a tubular region of reaction, a powder collector which has an outlet;wherein the orifices provide the perpendicular interaction among the reagents flows; {'br': None, 'i': A', 'B', 'C', 'D, '(g)+(g)→(s)+(g).'}, 'wherein the baffles provide means for the optimization of the gas flow around the reactor where the reagents flow, so that the following reaction will occur2. The reactor according to claim 1 , characterized as being used for the tin dioxide nanoparticles synthesis (SnO) using water vapor.3. The reactor according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that A(g)=SnCl(g); B(g)=HO; C(s)=SnO(s); D(g)=HCl(g).4. The reactor according to claim 2 , characterized as being capable of maintaining the reaction temperature approximately 200° C.5. The reactor according to claim 1 , characterized by the fact that it provides the particle size reduction of the synthesized solids claim 1 , optimizing reaction conversion; temperature and/or reaction time.6. A tin dioxide nanoparticle production process comprising the following steps:(i) providing a distributor with water vapor through an inlet;(ii) optimizing water vapor flow through baffles;(iii) distributing the water vapor flow, uniformly, through orifices around a tubular section where tin tetrachloride gas flows.(iv) providing a tubular section with tin tetrachloride gas through an the inlet;(v) providing a perpendicular interaction between the tin tetrachloride ...

Plasmonic assisted systems and methods for interior energy-activation from an exterior source

A method and a system for producing a change in a medium disposed in an artificial container. The method places in a vicinity of the medium at least one of a plasmonics agent and an energy modulation agent. The method applies an initiation energy through the artificial container to the medium. The initiation energy interacts with the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent to directly or indirectly produce the change in the medium. The system includes an initiation energy source configured to apply an initiation energy to the medium to activate the plasmonics agent or the energy modulation agent.

NOBLE METAL NANOPARTICLES, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND THEIR APPLICATION

The present invention discloses a method for preparing noble metal nanoparticles, comprising the following steps: a) preparing an fruit extract; b) preparing an extract; c) mixing the fruit extract and the extract for preparing a mixed extract; d) providing an aqueous solution containing a noble metal compound dissolved therein; e) mixing the mixed extract obtained in step c) and the aqueous solution of step d) to form noble metal nanoparticles; noble metal nanoparticles obtained thereby and their use. 1. Method for preparing noble metal nanoparticles , comprising the following steps:{'i': 'Olea Europaea', 'a) preparing an fruit extract'}{'i': 'Acacia Nilotica', 'b) preparing an extract'}{'i': Olea Europaea', 'Acacia Nilotica, 'c) mixing the fruit extract and the extract for preparing a mixed extract'}d) providing an aqueous solution containing a noble metal compound dissolved thereine) mixing the mixed extract obtained in step c) and the aqueous solution of step d) to form noble metal nanoparticles.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixed extract obtained in step c) contains flavonoids claim 1 , phenols and/or pentacyclic triterpenoids.3Olea EuropaeaOlea Europaea. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the preparation of the fruit extract is performed by adding deionized or distilled water to fruit.4Acacia NiloticaAcacia Nilotica.. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the preparation of the extract is performed by adding deionized or distilled water to5Olea EuropaeaAcacia Nilotica. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the fruit extract and the extract are mixed in a range of mixing ratios from 5:1 to 1:5.6. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixing of step e) is at room temperature.7. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the noble metal is Au or Ag.8. Method according to claim 7 , wherein the noble metal compound is chloroauric acid.9. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution provided in step d) also comprises a surfactant.10. ...

PbSe Nanowires in Non-Coordinating Solvent

A PbSe nanowire having an aspect ratio of about 100:1 and having a diameter of less than 20 nm. A PbSe nanowire produced by the process comprising reacting PbO with oleic acid in 1-octadecene or other non-coordinating solvent and producing Pb oleate in a flask, heating the Pb oleate to between 225 and 275 C under inert gas, injecting a first solution of Se dissolved in trialkylphosphine into the flask and producing a second solution, heating the second solution, maintaining the temperature >200 C in the flask, and resulting in PbSe nanowires. 1. A PbSe nanowire having an aspect ratio of about 100:1 and having a diameter of less than 20 nm.2. The PbSe nanowire of having the ability to combine quantum confinement effects in two-dimensions with a long axis conducive to electron transport over macroscopic distances.3. A PbSe nanowire produced by the process comprising reacting PbO with oleic acid in a non-coordinating solvent and producing Pb oleate in a flask; heating the Pb oleate to between 225° C. and 275° C. under inert gas; injecting a first solution of Se dissolved in trialkylphosphine into the flask and producing a second solution; heating the second solution; maintaining the temperature greater than 200° C. in the flask; and resulting in PbSe nanowires.4. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the molar ratio of Pb:Se is between 1:1 and 5:1.5. The PbSe nanowire of wherein PbSe nanowires produced have the ability to combine quantum confinement effects in two-dimensions with a long axis conducive to electron transport over macroscopic distances.6. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the PbSe nanowires have a length of from about several hundred nanometers up to about 5 μm and have diameters less than about 20 nm.7. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the non-coordinating solvent is 1-octadecene. This application is a Non-Provisional application claiming priority to and the benefits of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/355,260 filed on Jun. 16, 2010, and U.S. patent application Ser. No ...

Preparation of Nanoparticle Materials

A method of producing nanoparticles comprises effecting conversion of a nanoparticle precursor composition to the material of the nanoparticles. The precursor composition comprises a first precursor species containing a first ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles and a separate second precursor species containing a second ion to be incorporated into the growing nanoparticles. The conversion is effected in the presence of a molecular cluster compound under conditions permitting seeding and growth of the nanoparticles.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF QUANTUM PARTICLES

Systems, methods, and devices are disclosed for producing quantum particles (e.g., quantum dots) having a uniform size by vaporization of molten precursor droplets. More particularly, the present technology produces quantum dots by melting or liquefying solid and substantially pure precursor materials followed by production of uniformly sized droplets of molten precursor by use of a droplet maker into a microwave generated plasma torch. 1. A system for the manufacture of quantum particles from a solid precursor material , the system comprising:a molten material droplet maker capable of providing substantially uniformly sized droplets of a molten material while maintaining the droplets in a molten state, the molten state material formed from the solid precursor material;a plasma chamber in communication with the droplet maker and disposed to receive a flow of molten droplets from the droplet maker;at least one inlet for introducing a gas or vapor into the plasma chamber;an energy source for forming a plasma, the energy source in communication with the plasma chamber and disposed to apply energy to the gas or vapor in the plasma chamber to form the plasma at a location within the plasma chamber to permit the flow of molten droplets to be vaporized to form a quantum particle precursor material; anda quenching chamber in communication with the plasma chamber and disposed to receive the quantum particle precursor material, the quenching chamber adapted to quench the quantum particle precursor to inhibit growth and to form the quantum particles from the quantum particle precursor material.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the substantially uniformly droplets of the molten material each has a droplet diameter that is within 50% of predetermined droplet size.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein each droplet has a droplet diameter that is within 10% of a predetermined droplet size.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the energy source comprises a microwave energy source.5. The ...

Semiconductor nanoparticles and method of producing semiconductor nanoparticles

A semiconductor nanoparticle includes a core and a shell covering a surface of the core. The shell has a larger bandgap energy than the core and is in heterojunction with the core. The semiconductor nanoparticle emits light when irradiated with light. The core is made of a semiconductor that contains M1, M2, and Z. M1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Cu, and Au. M2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In and Tl. Z is at least one element selected from the group consisting of S, Se, and Te. The shell is made of a semiconductor that consists essentially of a Group 13 element and a Group 16 element.

NANOSTRUCTURED ELECTRODES, METHODS OF MAKING ELECTRODES, AND METHODS OF USING ELECTRODES

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for electrodes, devices including electrodes, methods of making electrodes, and the like. In an embodiment, the electrode includes MoS, in particular, MoSnanostructures (e.g., MoSnano-petals). Embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in lithium ion batteries, quantum dot sensitized solar cells, dye sensitized solar cells, thin film photovoltaics, and the like. 1. A device , comprising:an anode;an electrolyte; and{'sub': '2', 'a MoScathode.'}2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the MoScathode includes MoSnano-petals on the surface of the cathode.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the edges of the MoSnano-petals are substantially perpendicular to the surface of the MoScathode.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of: a polysulfide electrolyte claim 1 , an acidic electrolyte claim 1 , a basic electrolyte claim 1 , an iodide/triiodide electrolyte claim 1 , a cobalt complex electrolyte claim 1 , a lithium ion electrolyte claim 1 , a simple salt claim 1 , and a combination thereof.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte is a polysulfide electrolyte.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the anode is a photoanode.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the photoanode includes quantum dots.8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the photoanode is a photoanode including quantum dot sensitized TiOon tin oxide.9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the electrolyte is a polysulfide electrolyte and is placed between the photoanode and the MoScathode.10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the MoScathode includes MoSnano-petals on the surface of the cathode.11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the edges of the MoSnano-petals are substantially perpendicular to the surface of the MoScathode.12. An electrode claim 10 , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a surface having MoSnano-petals.'}13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the edges of the MoSnano-petals are substantially perpendicular to the surface. ...

GLUCOSE-SENSING DEVICE WITH MALTOSE BLOCKING LAYER

This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and a maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer. 1. A glucose-sensing electrode comprising:a substrate;a nanoporous metal layer formed over the substrate and capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose or maltose in the glucose-sensing electrode; anda maltose-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer,{'sup': 2', '2, 'wherein the maltose-blocking layer has porosity that permits glucose to pass therethrough and inhibits maltose from passing therethrough toward the nanoporous metal layer such that electric current caused by oxidation of glucose alone in the nanoporous metal layer is higher than 10 nA/mMcmand further such that electric current caused by oxidation of maltose alone in the nanoporous metal layer is lower than 5 nA/mMcmwhen a bias voltage of 0.2-0.45 V is applied to the nanoporous metal layer relative to a reference electrode and when the glucose-sensing electrode contacts liquid containing glucose in a concentration of 4-20 mM and maltose in a concentration of 4-20 mM.'}2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nanoporous metal layer comprises a deposit of irregularly shaped bodies that are formed of numerous nanoparticles having a generally oval or spherical shape with a length ranging between about 2 nm and about 5 nm claim 1 ,wherein adjacent ones of the irregularly shaped bodies abut one another while forming unoccupied spaces between non-abutting surfaces or portions of the adjacent ones of the irregularly shaped bodies,wherein abutments between adjacent ones of the ...

NON-ENZYMATIC GLUCOSE-SENSING DEVICE WITH NANOPOROUS STRUCTURE AND CONDITIONING OF THE NANOPOROUS STRUCTURE

This disclosure relates to a glucose-sensing electrode including a nanoporous metal layer and an electrolyte ion-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer. The nanoporous metal layer is capable of oxidizing both glucose and maltose without an enzyme specific to glucose in the glucose-sensing electrode. The electrolyte ion-blocking layer is configured to inhibit Na, K, Ca, Cl, POand COfrom diffusing toward the nanoporous metal layer such that there is a substantial discontinuity of a combined concentration of Na, K, Ca, Cl, POand CObetween over and below the electrolyte ion-blocking layer. 1. A glucose-sensing electrode , comprising:an electrically conductive layer;a nanoporous metal layer formed over the electrically conductive layer;an electrolyte ion-blocking layer formed over the nanoporous metal layer; anda biocompatibility layer formed over the electrolyte ion-blocking layer,wherein the glucose-sensing electrode does not include a glucose-specific enzyme,{'sup': +', '+', '2+', '−', '3−', '2−', '+', '+', '2+', '−', '3−', '2−', '+', '+', '2+', '−', '3−', '2−, 'sub': 4', '3', '4', '3', '4', '3, 'wherein, when contacting liquid containing glucose, Na, K, Ca, Cl, POand CO, the electrolyte ion-blocking layer is configured to inhibit Na, K, Ca, Cl, POand COcontained in the liquid from diffusing toward the nanoporous metal layer such that there is a substantial discontinuity of a combined concentration of Na, K, Ca, Cl, POand CObetween over and below the electrolyte ion-blocking layer.'}2. The electrode of claim 1 , wherein the nanoporous metal layer comprises a deposit of irregularly shaped bodies that are formed of numerous nanoparticles having a generally oval or spherical shape with a length ranging between about 2 nm and about 5 nm claim 1 ,wherein adjacent ones of the irregularly shaped bodies abut one another while forming unoccupied spaces between non-abutting surfaces or portions of the adjacent ones of the irregularly shaped bodies,wherein ...

METHOD OF MAKING NANOPARTICLE COLLOID AND NANOPOROUS LAYER

This application features a method of forming a nanoporous layer. The method includes steps of reducing metal ions in a reverse micelle phase composition to form nanoparticles, removing surfactant from the composition to form clusters of the nanoparticles, dispensing the composition including the nanoparticle clusters dispersed in a liquid on a substrate, and drying to form the nanoporous layer. The nanoporous layer includes nanoparticles deposited to form a three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies. The nanoporous layer also includes a three dimensional network of intercluster spaces that are not occoupied by the three dimensional network of irregularly shaped bodies. 1providing a liquid composition comprising a surfactant and metal ions, wherein the surfactant is in a reverse micelle phase defining hydrophilic spaces;adding a reducing agent to the liquid composition to cause reduction of at least part of the metal ions to form nanoparticles, which provides a first colloid, wherein at least part of the nanoparticles are inside at least some of the hydrophilic spaces; andremoving the surfactant from the first colloid to form a second colloid, wherein removing the surfactant causes at least part of the nanoparticles get together and form a number of clusters, wherein each cluster has an irregularly shaped body comprising a number of nanoparticles having a generally oval or spherical shape with a length ranging between about 2 nm and about 5 nm,subsequently, adjusting a concentration of the nanoparticles in the second colloid to provide a colloid composition such that the nanoparticles contained in the colloid composition are in an amount between about 0.01 wt % and about 2 wt % with reference to the total weight of the colloid composition;dispensing the colloid composition over a substrate; andsubjecting the dispensed colloid composition to drying to form a nanoporous layer.. A method of making a nanoporous layer, the method comprising: Any and all ...

Functionalized Matrices for Dispersion of Nanostructures

Matrixes doped with semiconductor nanocrystals are provided. In certain embodiments, the semiconductor nanocrystals have a size and composition such that they absorb or emit light at particular wavelengths. The nanocrystals can comprise ligands that allow for mixing with various matrix materials, including polymers, such that a minimal portion of light is scattered by the matrixes. The matrixes are optionally formed from the ligands. The matrixes of the present invention can also be utilized in refractive index matching applications. In other embodiments, semiconductor nanocrystals are embedded within matrixes to form a nanocrystal density gradient, thereby creating an effective refractive index gradient. The matrixes of the present invention can also be used as filters and antireflective coatings on optical devices and as down-converting layers. Processes for producing matrixes comprising semiconductor nanocrystals are also provided. Nanostructures having high quantum efficiency, small size, and/or a narrow size distribution are also described, as are methods of producing indium phosphide nanostructures and core-shell nanostructures with Group II-VI shells. 159-. (canceled)60. A method of synthesizing InP nanostructures , comprising reacting indium acetate and tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine in a solvent comprising an acid to give said InP nanostructures.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acid is a fatty acid.62. The method of claim 61 , wherein said fatty acid is lauric acid claim 61 , capric acid claim 61 , myristic acid claim 61 , palmitic acid claim 61 , or stearic acid.63. The method of claim 60 , wherein the acid is a phosphonic acid claim 60 , a dicarboxylic acid claim 60 , or a polycarboxylic acid.64. The method of claim 63 , wherein the acid is a phosphonic acid selected from the group consisting of hexylphosphonic acid and tetradecylphosphonic acid.65. The method of claim 63 , wherein the acid is a dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting ...

METHOD FOR MAKING NANOWIRE STRUCTURE

The disclosure related to a method for making a nanowire structure. First, a free-standing carbon nanotube structure is suspended. Second, a metal layer is coated on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. The metal layer is oxidized to grow metal oxide nanowires. 1. A method for making a nanowire structure , the method comprising:providing a carbon nanotube structure;coating a metal layer on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure; andoxidizing the metal layer.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a drawn carbon nanotube film comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes oriented along a direction and joined end to end by van der Waals attractive forces therebetween.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises two drawn carbon nanotube film stacked with each other.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a pressed carbon nanotube film claim 1 , comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes; an angle of about 0 degrees to about 15 degrees is defined between a primary alignment direction of the plurality of carbon nanotubes and a surface of the pressed carbon nanotube film.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a flocculated carbon nanotube film comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes entangled with each other.6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube wires substantially parallel with each other.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure is free-standing claim 1 , and the providing the carbon nanotube structure comprises suspending the carbon nanotube structure.8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the providing the carbon nanotube structure comprises placing the carbon nanotube structure on a surface of a substrate.9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal ...

PRODUCTION OF NANOSTRUCTURES

Methods of producing nanowires and resulting nanowires are described. In one implementation, a method of producing nanowires includes energizing (i) a metal-containing reagent; (ii) a templating agent; (iii) a reducing agent; and (iv) a seed-promoting agent (SPA) in a reaction medium and under conditions of a first temperature for at least a portion of a first duration, followed by a second temperature for at least a portion of a second duration, and the second temperature is different from the first temperature.

NANO AGGREGATES OF MOLECULAR ULTRA SMALL CLUSTERS OF NOBLE METALS AND A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention discloses size controlled and stabilized nano-aggregates of molecular ultra small clusters of noble metals and a process for the preparation thereof. The present invention discloses single source multicolor noble metal spherical and uniform nano aggregates of 10-22 nm made up of discrete molecular ultra small noble metal (Nb) nanoclusters (MUSNbNC's) of 1-6 atoms. The MUSNbNC's are capped with amine/DCA (dicarboxy acetone) group acting as a steric and kinetic hindrance for core growth suppressing the further autocatalysis and conversion of super critical nucleus or growth by ripening and formation of nanoparticles and thus having intense fluorescence. 1. Capped Spherical nano aggregates of size 10-22 nm comprising:{'sup': 'nd', 'molecular ultra small clusters of 1-6 atoms of noble metals selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pt and Pd, and said clusters of 1-6 atoms being stabilized by a capping agent forming, d nano aggregates showing UV emission at 300-335 nm, no plasma resonance and visible 2harmonic emission at 590-650 nm.'}2. The capped spherical nano aggregates as claimed in claim 1 , wherein capping agent used is a mild reducing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrazine hydrate or citric acid in water.3. The capped spherical nano aggregates as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface of nanoaggregates is stabilized and capped by amine or dicarboxyacetone (DCA) of a mild reducing agent along with the oxyethylene group.4. The capped spherical nano aggregates as claimed in claim 1 , wherein mercapto undecanoic acid is used as a capping agent by ligand exchange of amine or dicarboxyacetone.5. The capped spherical nano aggregates as claimed in claim 4 , wherein mercapto undecanoic acid capped nano aggregates are stable at pH 3-4 at room temperature ranging between 25-35° C.6. The capped spherical nano aggregates as claimed in claim 4 , wherein mercapto undecanoic acid capped nano aggregates show 6 times more fluorescence ...

Quantum dot structure and manufacturing method, quantum dot light-emitting diode and manufacturing method

The present disclosures a quantum dot structure and a manufacturing method thereof, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (LED) and a manufacturing method thereof. The quantum dot structure includes a quantum dot core, a strain compensation layer wrapping the quantum dot core and a shell wrapping the strain compensation layer, wherein the degree of lattice match between the quantum dot core and the shell or the strain compensation layer is more than 88%.

CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES USING ULTRASOUND IN CONTINUOUS FLOW

Apparatuses and methods for synthesizing nanoparticles are provided.

Methods of nanostructure formation and shape selection

Methods for forming nanostructures of various shapes are disclosed. Nanocubes, nanowires, nanopyramids and multiply twinned particles of silver may by formed by combining a solution of silver nitrate in ethylene glycol with a solution of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) in ethylene glycol. Hollow nanostructures may be formed by reacting a solution of solid nanostructures comprising one of a first metal and a first metal alloy with a metal salt that can be reduced by the first metal or first metal alloy. Nanostructures comprising a core with at least one nanoshell may be formed by plating a nanostructure and reacting the plating with a metal salt.

Quantum dot polymer composites and devices including the same

A quantum dot-polymer composite including a polymer matrix; and a plurality of quantum dots dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein the quantum dot includes a core including a first semiconductor material; and a shell including a second semiconductor material disposed on the core, wherein the quantum dot is cadmium-free, wherein the shell has at least two branches and at least one valley portion connecting the at least two branches, and wherein the first semiconductor material is different from the second semiconductor material.

QUANTUM DOTS, A COMPOSITION OR COMPOSITE INCLUDING THE SAME, AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

A quantum dot including a first ligand and a second ligand on a surface of the quantum dot, a composition or composite including the same, and a device including the same. The first ligand includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the second ligand includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2: 1. A composition comprising a quantum dot and a polymerizable monomer comprising a carbon-carbon double bond , wherein the quantum dot comprises:a semiconductor nanocrystal particle;a first ligand bound to a surface of the semiconductor nanocrystal particle; anda second ligand bound to the surface of the semiconductor nanocrystal particle, [{'br': None, 'sup': 'a', 'sub': 'n', 'R-L-(CRR)SM\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 2-1'}, {'chemistry': {'@id': 'CHEM-US-00042', '@num': '00042', 'img': {'@id': 'EMI-C00042', '@he': '15.92mm', '@wi': '69.93mm', '@file': 'US20200172802A1-20200604-C00042.TIF', '@alt': 'embedded image', '@img-content': 'chem', '@img-format': 'tif'}}, 'br': None, 'RRNCSSM\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 2-3'}], 'wherein the second ligand comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2-1, Chemical Formula 2-2, or Chemical Formula 2-3wherein{'sup': 'a', 'sub': '2', 'Rincludes hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C40 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to C40 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C40 aryl group, a C1 to C10 alkoxy group, or —ROR′ (wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 alkylene group and R′ is hydrogen or a C1 to C20 linear or branched alkyl group), R is the same or different, and is each independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C24 alkyl group, n is an integer of 0 to 15, L is a direct bond, a sulfonyl (—S(═O)—), carbonyl (—C(═O)—), ether group (—O—), sulfide group (—S—), sulfoxide group (—S(═O)—), ester group (—C(═O)O—), amide group (—C(═O)NR—) (wherein R is hydrogen or a C1 to C10 alkyl group), a substituted or a unsubstituted C1 to C10 alkylene, a C2 ...

NEAR-IR EMITTING CATIONIC SILVER CHALCOGENIDE QUANTUM DOTS

A novel near-IR emitting cationic silver chalcogenide quantum dot with a mixed coating wherein the coating comprises of at least 2 different types of materials and is capable of luminescence at the desired near IR bandwidth at wavelengths of 800-850 nm. The quantum dot is fabricated via an advantageous single-step, homogeneous, aqueous method at a low temperature resulting a near IR emitting semiconductor quantum dot with high Quantum Yield, high transfection with low toxicity. The quantum dots may be used in medical imaging, tumor detection, drug delivery and labeling as well as in quantum dot sensitized solar cells. 1. A method of synthesizing a near-IR emitting cationic silver chalcogenide quantum dot with a mixed coating , wherein the silver chalcogenide comprises a silver cation source and a sulfide source;wherein the silver chalcogenide is one or more selected from a group consisting of silver sulfide, silver selenide, and silver telluride;wherein the mixed coating comprises at least two types of coating materials, wherein both of the coating materials are bound to a silver chalcogenide surface; and the first type of the coating material is a macromolecule selected from a group of polymers consisting of polyethyleneimine, poly dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poly amido amine dendrimers, dendrimers with amine end groups and chitosan; and the second type of the coating material is selected from a group consisting of thiolates, carboxylates and amines;wherein the method is single-step, and takes place in a homogeneous, aqueous environment and at room temperature.2. The method of synthesizing a near-JR emitting cationic silver chalcogenide quantum dot of claim 1 , comprising:i. reacting a water soluble silver salt and a water soluble chalcogenide source in an aqueous medium in the presence of coating materials at room temperature, at a pH-1 value ranging from 5 to 11 under an inert atmosphere to obtain a mixture;ii. stirring the mixture for a crystal growth; ...

Germanane analogs and optoelectronic devices using the same

The present invention provides novel two-dimensional van der Waals materials and stacks of those materials. Also provided are methods of making and using such materials.

ELONGATED TITANATE NANOTUBE, ITS SYNTHESIS METHOD, AND ITS USE

The invention relates to a method of forming high aspect ratio titanate nanotubes. In particular, the formation of elongated nanotubes having lengths more than 10 μm involves a modified hydrothermal method. The method allows formation of an entangled network of the elongated nanotubes for use as free-standing membranes or powder form for use in various applications such as water treatment. The elongated nanotubes may also be used for forming electrodes for batteries. 1. A method of forming titanate nanotubes each having a length of at least 10 μm , the method comprising:heating a closed vessel containing a titanate precursor powder dispersed in a base, wherein content in the closed vessel is simultaneously stirred with a magnetic stirrer during the heating.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the closed vessel is heated at 130° C. or below.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the closed vessel is heated at between 80° C. and 130° C.4. The method of any one of to claim 2 , wherein the closed vessel is heated for 24 h or less.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the closed vessel is heated for 16 h to 24 h.6. The method of any one of to claim 4 , wherein the closed vessel is heated in an oil bath or an apparatus adapted to provide a constant heating temperature.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the closed vessel is heated in a silicon oil bath claim 6 , an oven claim 6 , or a furnace.8. The method of any one of to claim 6 , wherein the content in the closed vessel is stirred at 400 rpm or more.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the content in the closed vessel is stirred at 400 rpm to 1 claim 8 ,000 rpm.10. The method of any one of to claim 8 , wherein concentration of the titanate precursor powder in the base is about 1:300 g/ml or more.11. The method of any one of to claim 8 , wherein concentration of the titanate precursor powder in the base is in the range of about 1:150 g/ml to about 1:50 g/ml.12. The method of any one of to claim 8 , further comprising collecting the ...

QUANTUM DOTS, PRODUCTION METHODS THEREOF, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES INCLUDING THE SAME

A quantum dot having a perovskite crystal structure and including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: 1. A quantum dot having a perovskite crystal structure and comprising a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1:{'br': None, 'sub': '3+α', 'ABX\u2003\u2003Chemical Formula 1'} B is a Group IVA metal and is Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, or a combination thereof,', {'sub': '4', 'X is F, Cl, Br, I, BF, or a combination thereof, and'}, 'α is from about 0.1 to about 3; and', 'wherein the quantum dot has a size of about 1 nanometer to about 50 nanometers, and', 'a mole ratio of the X to the A in Chemical Formula 1 is measured by transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy., 'wherein, A is a Group IA metal and is Rb, Cs, Fr, or a combination thereof,'}2. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein a photoluminescence peak wavelength of the quantum dot is in a range of about 300 nanometers to about 700 nanometers.3. The quantum dot of claim 2 , wherein a photoluminescence peak wavelength of the quantum dot is in a range of about 400 nanometers to about 680 nanometers.4. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot further comprises at least one of a first dopant and a second dopant claim 1 ,wherein the first dopant comprises potassium or a first metal having a crystal ionic radius of less than about 133 picometers, andwherein the first metal is different from the Group IA metal and the Group IVA metal, andwherein the second dopant comprises a non-metal element that forms a bond with the Group IVA metal.5. The quantum dot of claim 4 , wherein the first metal has a smaller crystal ionic radius than a crystal ionic radius of the Group IVA metal.6. The quantum dot of claim 4 ,wherein the first metal is Zn, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Cu, Al, Li, Na, Be, Mg, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, Zr, Mn, Ti, Ce, Gd, or a combination thereof, andwherein the non-metal element is S, Se, Te, or a combination thereof.7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. The quantum dot of claim 1 , ...

SYNTHESIS, CAPPING AND DISPERSION OF NANOCRYSTALS

Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films. 1. A solvothermal method of making nanocrystals comprisingdissolving or mixing at least one precursor of said nanocrystals in at least one solvent to produce a solution,heating said solution to a temperature in the range of 250° C. to 350° C. to form said nanocrystals,whereinsaid at least one solvent additionally includes water, andsaid nanocrystals are comprised of at least one of hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium-zirconium oxide and titanium-zirconium oxidewherein said precursor is selected from the group consisting of at least one of an alkoxide, an acetate, an acetylacetonate, and a halide.2. The method of wherein said nanocrystals are capped with at least one agent to increase the solubility or dispersibility of said nanocrystals.3. The method of wherein said at least one agent comprises at least one organosilane claim 2 , organocarboxylic acid or organoalcohol.4. The method of wherein said at least one agent to cap said nanocrystals is included in the solution.5. The method of wherein said at least one agent to cap said nanocrystals is contacted with said solution prior claim 4 , during or after said reacting.6. The method of further comprising purifying and/or separating said nanocrystals.7. The method of further comprising capping said purified and/or separated nanocrystals with at least one capping agent to produce at least partially capped nanocrystals.8. The method of further comprising purifying and/or separating said at least partially capped ...

PREPARATION METHOD OF HETEROATOM DOPED MULTIFUNCTIONAL CARBON QUANTUM DOT AND APPLICATION THEREOF

The present invention discloses a method for preparing heteroatom doped carbon quantum dot, and application thereof in fields of biomedicine, catalysts, photoelectric devices, etc. The various kinds of heteroatom doped carbon quantum dots are obtained by using a conjugated polymer as a precursor and through a process of high temperature carbonization. These carbon quantum dots contain one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, S, Si, Se, P, As, Ge, Gd, B, Sb and Te, the absorption spectrum of which ranges from 300 to 850 nm, and the fluorescence emission wavelength of which is within a range of 350 to 1000 nm. The carbon quantum dot has a broad application prospect in serving as a new type photosensitizer, preparing drugs for photodynamic therapy of cancer and sterilization, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen generation, organic polymer solar cell and quantum dot-sensitized solar cell. 134-. (canceled)35. A method for preparing a heteroatom doped multifunctional carbon quantum dot , the method comprising:1) adding to a conjugated polymer, 0-1 M aqueous solution of acids or bases with the mass of 0.01-1000 times as many as the mass of the conjugated polymer, mixing uniformly and obtaining a reaction solution;2) heating the reaction solution up to 100° C.-500° C., and reacting for 1-24 hours;3) free cooling after the reaction, collecting the reaction solution, separating and purifying to obtain heteroatom doped multifunctional carbon quantum dots.37. The method according to claim 35 , wherein claim 35 , in step 1) claim 35 , the acid is one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid claim 35 , hypochlorous acid claim 35 , perchloric acid claim 35 , hydrobromic acid claim 35 , hypobromous acid claim 35 , hyperbromic acid claim 35 , iodic acid claim 35 , hypoiodous acid claim 35 , periodic acid claim 35 , hydrofluoric acid claim 35 , boric acid claim 35 , nitric acid ...

Formation of organic nanostructure array

A nanostructure array is disclosed. The nanostructure array comprises a plurality of elongated organic nanostructures arranged generally perpendicularly to a plane.

POROUS NOBLE METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND THEIR USE

The present invention discloses a method for preparing porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles, comprising the following steps: a) preparing an fruit extract; b) preparing an extract; c) mixing the fruit extract and the extract for preparing a mixed extract; d) providing an aqueous solution containing a noble metal compound dissolved therein; e) mixing the mixed extract obtained in step c) and the aqueous solution of step d); f) dropping a solution of sodium chloride to be mixture of step b); d) drying the mixture, in air or by vacuum, and h) calcining at a temperature between 100 to 900° C., to get the porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles; porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles obtained thereby and their use. 1. Method for preparing porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles , comprising the following steps:{'i': 'Olea Europaea', 'a) preparing an fruit extract'}{'i': 'Acacia Nilotica', 'b) preparing an extract'}{'i': Olea Europaea', 'Acacia Nilotica, 'c) mixing the fruit extract and the extract for preparing a mixed extract'}d) providing an aqueous solution containing a noble metal compound dissolved therein, ande) mixing the mixed extract obtained in step c) and the aqueous solution of step d)f) dropping a solution of sodium chloride to the mixture of step e)g) drying the mixture, preferably in air or by vacuum, andh) calcining at a temperature between 100 to 900° C., to get the porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles.2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixed extract obtained in step c) contains oleic acids and/or pentacyclic triterpenoids.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous noble metal oxide nanoparticles are calcined after drying.4Olea EuropaeaOlea Europaea. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the preparation of the fruit extract in step a) is performed by adding deionized or distilled water to fruit.5Acacia NiloticaAcacia Nilotica.. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the preparation of the extract in step b) is performed by adding ...

Methods for Directed Irradiation Synthesis with Ion and Thermal Beams

A method for fabricating structures includes on a substrate includes providing a set of control parameters to an ion beam source and to a thermal source corresponding to a desired structure topology. The method also includes using directed irradiation synthesis to form nano structures and/or microstructures in a first surface area of the substrate by exposing the substrate surface to an ion beam from the ion beam source and to thermal particles from the thermal source. The ion beam having a first area of effect on the substrate surface, and the thermal particles having a second area of effect on the substrate surface, each of the first area of effect and the second area of effect including the first surface area. 1. A method for fabricating structures on a substrate , comprising:a) providing the substrate having a substrate surface; andb) providing a set of control parameters to an ion beam source and to a thermal source corresponding to a desired structure topology;c) using directed irradiation synthesis to form a plurality of structures comprising at least one of the group of nanostructures and microstructures in a first surface area of the substrate by exposing the substrate surface to an ion beam from the ion beam source and to thermal particles from the thermal source, the ion beam having a first area of effect on the substrate surface, and the thermal particles having an second area of effect on the substrate surface, each of the first area of effect and the second area of effect including the first surface area.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step b) further providing a first set of flux parameters to the ion beam source and to the thermal source corresponding to the desired structure topology claim 1 , the first set of flux parameters having a first thermal flux to ion flux ratio.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein further comprising:d) providing a second set of flux parameters to the ion beam source and the thermal source corresponding to a second ...

SYNTHESIS, CAPPING AND DISPERSION OF NANOCRYSTALS

Preparation of semiconductor nanocrystals and their dispersions in solvents and other media is described. The nanocrystals described herein have small (1-10 nm) particle size with minimal aggregation and can be synthesized with high yield. The capping agents on the as-synthesized nanocrystals as well as nanocrystals which have undergone cap exchange reactions result in the formation of stable suspensions in polar and nonpolar solvents which may then result in the formation of high quality nanocomposite films. 1. A solvothermal method of making nanocrystals comprisingdissolving or mixing at least one precursor of said nanocrystals in at least one solvent to produce a solution,heating said solution to a temperature in the range of greater than a temperature of 250° C. to a temperature of 350° C. and a pressure in the range of 100-900 psi to form said nanocrystals,whereinsaid nanocrystals are comprised of at least one of hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium-zirconium oxide and titanium-zirconium oxide, andwherein said precursor is selected from the group consisting of at least one of an alkoxide, an acetate, an acetylacetonate, and a halide.2. The method of wherein said precursor is selected from the group consisting of zirconium ethoxide (Zr(OCHCH)) claim 1 , zirconium n-propoxide (Zr(OCHCHCH)) claim 1 , zirconium isopropoxide (Zr(OCH(CH))) claim 1 , zirconium n-butoxide (Zr(OCHCHCHCH)) claim 1 , zirconium t-butoxide (Zr(OC(CH))) claim 1 , hafnium ethoxide (Hf(OCHCH)) claim 1 , hafnium n-propoxide (Hf(OCHCHCH)) claim 1 , hafnium isopropoxide (Hf(OCH(CH))) claim 1 , hafnium butoxide (Hf(OCHCHCHCH)) claim 1 , hafnium t-butoxide (Hf(OC(CH))) claim 1 , titanium ethoxide (Ti(OCHCH)) claim 1 , titanium n-propoxide (Ti(OCHCHCH)) claim 1 , titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH(CH))) claim 1 , titanium t-butoxide (Zr(OC(CH))) claim 1 , titanium n-butoxide (Ti(OCHCHCHCH)) claim 1 , zirconium acetate (Zr(OOCCH)) claim 1 , zirconium acetylacetonate (Zr(CHCOCHCOCH)) claim 1 , hafnium ...

Magnetic-core polymer-shell nanocomposites with tunable magneto-optical and/or optical properties

Methods are disclosed for synthesizing nanocomposite materials including ferromagnetic nanoparticles with polymer shells formed by controlled surface polymerization. The polymer shells prevent the nanoparticles from forming agglomerates and preserve the size dispersion of the nanoparticles. The nanocomposite particles can be further networked in suitable polymer hosts to tune mechanical, optical, and thermal properties of the final composite polymer system. An exemplary method includes forming a polymer shell on a nanoparticle surface by adding molecules of at least one monomer and optionally of at least one tethering agent to the nanoparticles, and then exposing to electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength selected to induce bonding between the nanoparticle and the molecules, to form a polymer shell bonded to the particle and optionally to a polymer host matrix. The nanocomposite materials can be used in various magneto-optic applications.

Carbon-based fluorescent tracers as oil reservoir nano-agents

The present invention relates to carbon-based fluorescent nano-agent tracers for analysis of oil reservoirs. The carbon-based fluorescent nano-agents may be used in the analysis of the porosity of a formation. The nanoagents are suitable for injection into a petroleum reservoir and may be recovered from the reservoir for the determination of hydrocarbon flow rates and retention times.

Carbon-based fluorescent tracers as oil reservoir nano-agents

The present invention relates to carbon-based fluorescent nano-agent tracers for analysis of oil reservoirs. The carbon-based fluorescent nano-agents may be used in the analysis of the porosity of a formation. The nanoagents are suitable for injection into a petroleum reservoir and may be recovered from the reservoir for the determination of hydrocarbon flow rates and retention times.

SEGMENTED GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS

The present invention relates to a segmented graphene nanoribbon, comprising at least two different graphene segments covalently linked to each other, each graphene segment having a monodisperse segment width, wherein the segment width of at least one of said graphene segments is 4 nm or less and to a method for preparing it by polymerizing at least one polycyclic aromatic monomer compound and/or at least one oligo phenylene aromatic hydrocarbon monomer compound to form at least one polymer and by at least partially cyclodehydrogenating the one or more polymer. 1. A segmented graphene nanoribbon , comprising:at least two different graphene segments covalently linked to each other;wherein each graphene segment has a monodisperse segment width;wherein the segment width of at least one of the graphene segments is 4 nm or less.2. The segmented graphene nanoribbon of claim 1 , wherein each graphene segment of the segmented graphene nanoribbon has a monodisperse segment width of 4 nm or less.3. The segmented graphene nanoribbon of claim 1 , wherein each graphene segment has a repeating unit derived from at least one substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic monomer compound claim 1 , and/or from at least one substituted or unsubstituted oligo phenylene aromatic hydrocarbon monomer compound.4. The segmented graphene nanoribbon of claim 3 , wherein the repeating units of different graphene segments differ in at least in one property selected from the group consisting of segment width claim 3 , substituents attached to the repeating unit claim 3 , degree of annelation of aromatic rings claim 3 , degree of cyclodehydrogenation claim 3 , and number of annelated aromatic rings.5. The segmented graphene nanoribbon of claim 1 , wherein each of the segments of the segmented graphene nanoribbon has a length in the range of 0.25 to 250 nm claim 1 , and/or the total length of the segmented graphene nanoribbon is at least 4 nm.6. The segmented graphene nanoribbon of claim 1 , ...