INSOLUBLE ANODE

The invention relates to an insoluble anode for electrolytic plating, the insoluble anode having two or more phases comprising an anode base body and a screen wherein the anode base body of steel, stainless steel, nickel, nickel alloy, cobalt, and cobalt alloy.

Method for depositing nickel- and chromium (VI) -free metal matte layers

A method for depositing metal matte layers free of nickel and chromium(VI).

Process for metallizing a plastic surface

A process for the metallization of a plastic surface, whereby the following process steps are performed in sequence, one after another. The plastic surface is subjected to an etching treatment under mild etching conditions. Subsequently, the plastic surface is treated with a metal salt solution, containing at least one salt from the group consisting of a cobalt salt, a silver salt, a tin salt, and a lead salt. The plastic surface is treated with a sulfide solution. Finally, the plastic surface is metallized in a metallizing bath.

Method and apparatus of purifying an electrolyte

A method of purifying an electrolyte by bringing the electrolyte into contact with a first effective surface of a separating unit that is permeable to contaminants to be removed from the electrolyte, and bringing a purifying liquid into contact with a second effective surface of the separating unit. A concentration level of contaminants in the purifying liquid is maintained to maintain a contaminant driving force gradient between the electrolyte and the purifying liquid so contaminants transfer from the electrolyte into the purifying liquid. An apparatus for purifying an electrolyte having a first volumetric region for holding the electrolyte, a second volumetric region for holding a purifying liquid, and a separating unit that is permeable to the contaminants to be removed from the electrolyte and which fluidically separates the first and second volumetric regions.

ELECTROLYTE AND PROCESS FOR DEPOSITING A MATT METAL LAYER

An electrolytic composition for the deposition of a matt metal layer onto a substrate and deposition process where the composition comprises a source of metal from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Re, Pt, Au, Bi, and combinations thereof; a substituted or unsubstituted polyalkylene oxide or its derivative as an emulsion and/or dispersion former; and a compound comprising fluorated or perfluorated hydrophobic chains or which is a polyalkylene oxide substituted quaternary ammonium compound as wetting agent; wherein the electrolytic composition forms a microemulsion and/or dispersion.

Maintenance of metallization baths

A method for the regeneration of an electrolyte bath used for an electroless metallization process. A partial flow of electrolyte is removed from the process vessel and regenerated by dialysis or electrodialysis. Metallization components are replenished. The partial flow is returned to the process vessel.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFICATION OF PROCESS SOLUTIONS

A method and apparatus involving at least two distinct adsorbent media for adsorptive removal of impurities from a metal deposition composition such as an electroless or electrolytic deposition composition.

Method for metallizing plastic surfaces

A method for metallizing plastic surfaces in which sulfides or polysulfides of activator metal are reduced to metal. This results in a conductive layer on which a metal layer can then be directly electrolytically deposited.

METHOD FOR SUPPLYING A PLATING COMPOSITION WITH DEPOSITION METAL ION DURING A PLATING OPERATION

Method and plating bath apparatus for setting the ionic strength of a plating composition using Donnan dialysis by flowing the plating composition along a first surface of a membrane while simultaneously flowing a deposition metal ion exchange composition along a second surface of the membrane such that the deposition metal ion crosses the membrane from the deposition metal ion exchange composition to the plating composition while an exchange cation different from the deposition metal ion crosses the membrane from the plating composition to the deposition metal ion exchange composition.

Non-reactive coatings for inertization

A method for the selective or complete rendering inert of substrates, workpieces, and components of the apparatus in the chemical deposition of metals by depositing nonreactive coatings thereon. A coating which is nonreactive with respect to the subsequent plating is electrolytically deposited on the sites of the substrate which are not to be plated from a solution containing an activator and an electrolyte. The inert, nonreactive coating is removable by means of dilute acids or alkaline media, without manual effort, after the subsequent chemical plating of the substrates, workpieces, or unit parts.

METHOD FOR DIRECT METALLIZATION OF NON-CONDUCTING SUBSTRATES

In the plating of non-conductive substrates, a metal-salt solution for treatment of such a substrate having been treated with a metal colloid for activation, and associated method for coating non-conductive substrates, characterized by reduced incrustation the associated equipment; the metal-salt solution comprising a metal that can be reduced by the metal of the metal colloid, a complexing agent, and a metal salt having a metal of the group consisting of lithium, sodium, calcium, rubidium, and cesium in the form of a salt selected from the group consisting of fluorides, chlorides, iodides, bromides, nitrates, sulphates, and mixtures thereof.

Process for metallizing a plastic surface

A process for the metallization of a plastic surface, whereby the following process steps are performed in sequence, one after another. The plastic surface is subjected to an etching treatment under mild etching conditions. Subsequently, the plastic surface is treated with a metal salt solution, containing at least one salt from the following group: cobalt salt, silver salt, tin salt, and lead salt. The plastic surface is treated with a sulfide solution. Finally, the plastic surface is metallized in a metallizing bath.

Electrolyte and process for depositing a matt metal layer

An electrolytic composition for the deposition of a matt metal layer onto a substrate and deposition process where the composition comprises a source of metal from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Re, Pt, Au, Bi, and combinations thereof; a substituted or unsubstituted polyalkylene oxide or its derivative as an emulsion and/or dispersion former; and a compound comprising fluorated or perfluorated hydrophobic chains or which is a polyalkylene oxide substituted quaternary ammonium compound as wetting agent; wherein the electrolytic composition forms a microemulsion and/or dispersion.

Electrolyte and process for depositing a matt metal layer

An electrolytic composition for the deposition of a matt metal layer onto a substrate and deposition process where the composition comprises a source of metal from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Re, Pt, Au, Bi, and combinations thereof; a substituted or unsubstituted polyalkylene oxide or its derivative as an emulsion and/or dispersion former; and a compound comprising fluorated or perfluorated hydrophobic chains or which is a polyalkylene oxide substituted quaternary ammonium compound as wetting agent; wherein the electrolytic composition forms a microemulsion and/or dispersion.

Process for the direct metallization of nonconductive substrates

Method for supplying a plating composition with deposition metal ion during a plating operation

Method and plating bath apparatus for setting the ionic strength of a plating composition using Donnan dialysis by flowing the plating composition along a first surface of a membrane while simultaneously flowing a deposition metal ion exchange composition along a second surface of the membrane such that the deposition metal ion crosses the membrane from the deposition metal ion exchange composition to the plating composition while an exchange cation different from the deposition metal ion crosses the membrane from the plating composition to the deposition metal ion exchange composition.

Aircraft

The invention refers to an aircraft (1, 3), particularly an aircraft (1, 3) capable of vertical take-off and landing, comprising a fuselage (3, 4), and a variable lift body (5, 7) defining an aerofoil (51, 53) and being moveably attached to the fuselage (3, 4), wherein the variable lift body (5, 7) is pivotable around a first axis extending in the wing (4) span direction. wherein a rotary actor (11) adapted to cause the variable lift body (5, 7) to pivot in relation to the fuselage (3, 4) arranged within the aerofoil.

Process for metallizing a plastic surface

A process for the metallization of a plastic surface, whereby the following process steps are performed in sequence, one after another. The plastic surface is subjected to an etching treatment under mild etching conditions. Subsequently, the plastic surface is treated with a metal salt solution, containing at least one salt from the following group: 'Cobalt salt, silver salt, tin salt, lead salt'. The plastic surface is treated with a sulfide solution. Finally, the plastic surface is metallized in a metallizing bath.

Process for metallizing a plastic surface

Method and device for controlling the results of deposition on substrate surfaces

The present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring and/or controlling the result of the deposition of a metal or metal alloy layer on a substrate surface, and to methods for deposition of a metal or metal alloy layer onto a substrate surface. For example, the invention relates to a method and a device for the determination of the result of the deposition during the treatment of metallic surfaces, including aluminum or magnesium surfaces or surfaces from aluminum or magnesium alloys by means of socalled zincate baths. In one embodiment a zincate bath (5) is prepared in a suitable container (1). The free corrosion potential is determined by electrically connecting a reference electrode (2) and a base material (3) with a measuring device (4).

Device for generating shockwaves

Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Stoßwellen in einem flüssigen Medium, insbesondere zur Erzeugung von elektro-hydraulischen Stoßwellen. Der Applikatorkopf umfasst einen Reflektor, zwei Elektroden, eine Membran und das flüssige Medium. Der Applikatorkopf ist derart ausgestaltet, dass er mit einem Handapparat elektrisch und mechanisch lösbar verbunden ist. Erfindungsgemäß soll der Applikatorkopf oder Handapparat ein einfaches Auswechseln ermöglichen.

Microscope

Flow measuring cell for the analysis of fluid media

Es war mit möglichst einfachen Mitteln eine Durchfluss-Messzelle zur Analytik fluider Medien zu schaffen, welche zur universellen Verwendung aufwandgering an unterschiedlichste Einsatz- und Messbedingungen anpassbar und für eine Wiederverwendbarkeit gut zu reinigen ist. Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Durchfluss-Messzelle aus einem sandwichartigen modularen Aufbau eines doppelseitig mit einer oberen sowie einer unteren Abdeckung (5, 6, 10) flüssigkeitsdicht verschließbaren austausch- und somit in seiner Kanalstruktur (2) veränderbaren Durchflusskörpers (1). It was possible to create a flow-through measuring cell for the analysis of fluid media with as simple a means as possible, which can be adapted to a wide variety of application and measuring conditions for universal use and which can be easily cleaned for reusability. According to the invention, the flow-through measuring cell consists of a sandwich-like modular structure of a double-sided with an upper and a lower cover (5, 6, 10) liquid-tight sealable exchange and thus in its channel structure (2) variable flow body (1).

Electrolyte and process for depositing a matt metal layer

The present invention relates to an electrolyte and a process for depositing a matt metal layer on a substrate from an electrolyte comprising an emulsion and/or dispersion former or a wetting agent. According to the invention, many metals having differing degrees of mattness can be produced by emulsion and/or dispersion formation in the electrolyte by means of addition of polyalkylene oxides or derivatives thereof, wetting agents having fluorinated or perfluorinated hydrophobic chains or quaternary ammonium compounds substituted by polyalkylene oxide. Furthermore, polytetrafluoroethylene particles can be added to the electrolyte in order to alter the surface properties of the matt layers deposited.

Passenger aircraft

The invention refers to a passenger aircraft, in particular passenger aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing, comprising: a fuselage including at least one cabin for carrying one or more human passengers and a cargo bay for holding passenger luggage with an opening located in the rear of the fuselage for accessing the cargo bay, and a door adapted to selectively close or open the opening, wherein the door is adapted to open upwardly.

Aircraft, comprising a battery assembly

Wing spar structure

Wing assembly for an aircraft

The present invention relates to a wing assembly (10) for an aircraft with a fuselage and at least one pair of wings, the wing assembly (10) defining a direction of flow (F) with respect to which the wing assembly (10) is configured to create lift for the aircraft, comprising a main section (12), which is configured to be mounted to the fuselage in a fixed manner so as to extend from the fuselage in an extension direction of the wing; and a plurality of flap sections (14) each with a body part (16), which are mounted to the main section (12) in a pivotable manner so as to be individually pivotable around a pivot axis (A) by means of a pivoting means (18) over a range of angular orientations including a horizontal orientation in which the body part (16) of the flap section (14) is substantially aligned with the main section (12) to form an elongate and substantially continuous cross-section; and a vertical orientation in which the flap section (14) is angled downwards with respect to the main section (12). The invention further relates to an aircraft equipped with at least one pair of such wing assemblies.

Apparatus for generating shock waves

The present disclosure relates to a device for generating shock waves that comprises an interchangeable applicator head for generating shock waves for treatment of human or animal bodies, which applicator head comprises a reflection or focusing mechanism, two electrode tips for producing a spark gap, and a membrane, which together with the reflection or focusing mechanism encloses a fluid medium that is designed to generate a plasma when a voltage between 1 kV and 30 kV is applied. According to the disclosure, the applicator head is electrically and mechanically connected to a hand-held apparatus in a detachable manner.

Integrated flap control unit

The present invention relates to an integrated controller unit (10) for controlling at least one engine motor (26) and at least one servo motor (28), comprising a power link section (12) for connecting the controller unit (10) to an external power supply (14) and supplying power to the individual sections of the controller unit (10), a data link section (16) for connecting the controller unit (10) to an external data source, a computing section (18) operatively connected with the power link section (12) and the data link section (16) for receiving data from the external data source, performing computing tasks based on the received data and outputting control commands, an engine interface section (20) for driving the at least one engine motor (26), and a servo interface section (22) for driving the at least one servo motor (28), wherein the engine interface section (20) and the servo interface section (22) are both operatively connected to the computing section (18) and adapted to drive the at least one engine motor (26) and the at least one servo motor (28), respectively, based on control commands output by the computing section (18).

Aircraft, comprising a battery assembly

The present invention relates to an aircraft (10), comprising a fuselage (12), at least one pair of wings (14) and a battery assembly for providing power to electrical systems of the aircraft (10), wherein the battery assembly comprises a number of individual battery modules (18) which are directly or indirectly coupled to one another, the fuselage (12) is provided with a mounting assembly (16) with a number of mounting positions (16a, 16b, 16c) for each holding one of the battery modules (18), and the number of mounting positions (16a, 16b, 16c) is larger than the number of battery modules (18) such that in a mounted state of all battery modules (18), at least one of the mounting positions (16a, 16b, 16c) remains vacant (20) thus defining a placement configuration of the battery modules (18) and the vacant mounting positions (20), and/or the mounting assembly is provided with at least one displacement assembly which allows to displace at least one of the battery modules with respect to the fuselage.

めっき浴を保全する方法

【課題】 金属の無電解析出に用いる電解質のより長い可使期間と運転性能を保証する。 【解決手段】 プロセス容器から少なくとも電解質の部分流を再生装置に導出し、導出された電解質流を再生し、再生された電解質流をプロセス容器に還流させる。再生装置は陰イオン選択性膜を備えた透析装置および／または電気透析装置を有し、無電解めっきプロセスで発生した陰イオンが水酸化物イオンと交換される。再生された電解質流は、消費された成分を補う。 【選択図】 図１