Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.

Variable valve actuation system and method using variable oscillating cam

A high-efficiency mechanism for variable valve actuation with increased engine architecture applicability is described. The high efficiency mechanism introduces an intermediate lever having a secondary cam profile forming a variable oscillating cam between a rotating camshaft and a rocker arm.

Proceso para preparar n-(6-(3-tert-butil-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihidropirimidin-1(2h)-il)-2-metoxifenil)naftalen-2-il)metansulfonamida; compuesto obtenido y su sal y compuesto intermediario.

Deposition of samples and sample matrix for enhancing the sensitivity of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

The present invention relates to small sample spots for MALDI targets and methods for producing the same. The sample spots are composed of a layer of matrix material and a layer of analyte. In some instances, the samples spots have diameters of no more than 50 micrometers or even smaller. The sample spots are deposited onto a MALDI target substrate using ultrasonic deposition from a nozzle.

PHOSPHINE LIGANDS FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands.

N-phenyl-dioxo-hydropyrimidines useful as hepatitis c virus (HCV) inhibitors

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions. The compounds are usefull in the treatment of hepatitis C and are of the following general structure: Formula (I).

Preparation of pyridonecarboxylic acid antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

ACCESSORY DRIVE CONFIGURATION

An apparatus for an accessory drive configuration includes an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft which is structured to provide traction power. A torque-transmitting shaft extends through a portion of an internal combustion engine assembly, and the torque-transmitting shaft provides mechanical power to an accessory drive system. The internal combustion engine and an electric motor are operably coupled to the torque-transmitting shaft to selectively provide torque to the torque-transmitting shaft. 1. A system , comprising:a torque-transmitting shaft extending through at least a portion of an internal combustion engine assembly, wherein the internal combustion engine assembly includes a crankshaft mechanically coupled to a load;a controller including an accessory drive selection module structured to select one of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine as a torque-transmitting shaft power source; andan accessory drive system mechanically powered by the torque-transmitting shaft.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least a portion of the internal combustion engine assembly comprises one of an engine block and a cylinder head.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine having at least one overhead camshaft.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the torque-transmitting shaft extends through at least a portion of a through block cam bore.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the torque-transmitting shaft extends coaxially with a camshaft claim 1 , wherein the camshaft and the torque-transmitting shaft are structured for independent rotation.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the accessory drive system includes at least one accessory selected from the group of accessories consisting of: a pump claim 1 , a fan claim 1 , and a compressor.7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:a rear accessory drive system selectively coupled to the internal combustion engine and the electric motor; andthe controller ...

Vitamin D receptor activators and methods of making

The invention relates to compounds that are vitamin D receptor activators, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds and compositions, processes for preparing such compounds, and intermediates obtained during such processes.

OCTAHYDRO-PYRROLO[3,4-B]PYRROLE DERIVATIVES

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein. © KIPO & WIPO 2009 ...

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

AGENTES ANTI-INFECCIOSOS Y SU USO

Se relaciona con: (a) compuestos y sales de los mismos que, entre otros, inhiben el HCV; (b) intermediarios de utilidad para la preparación de dichos compuestos y sales; (c) composiciones que comprenden dichos compuestos y sales; (d) métodos para preparar dichos intermediarios, compuestos, sales y composiciones; (e) métodos de uso de dichos compuestos, sales y composiciones; y (f) conjuntos de elementos que comprenden dichos compuestos, sales y composiciones.Reivindicación 1: Un compuesto o sal del mismo, caracterizado porque: el compuesto corresponde en estructura a la fórmula (1); - - * - - se selecciona entre el grupo que consiste en enlace simple carbono- carbono y enlace doble carbono-carbono; R1 se selecciona entre el grupo que consiste en hidrógeno, metilo, y grupo protector de nitrógeno; R2 se selecciona entre el grupo que consiste en hidrógeno, halo, hidroxi, metilo, ciclopropilo, y ciclobutilo; R3 se selecciona entre el grupo que consiste en hidrógeno, halo, oxo, y metilo; R4 ...

Uracil or thymine derivative for treating hepatitis c

Present application relates to the compounds of formula I useful to treat hepatitis C (HCV) infections. In the structure of the disclosed compounds is the uracil or thymine derivative linked via a phenylene into either fused 2-ring cyclic system (R6) or alternatively via additional two-atom linker (L) to a 5-6 membered monocycle (R6). Application further discloses polymorphs and pseudopolymorphs of two specific compounds: N-(6(3-t-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1 (2H)- y)2-methoxy-phenyl)naphthalen-2-yl)methanesulfonamide and (E)-N-(4(3-t-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3)4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)2-methoxy-styryl-phenyl)methanesulfonamide.

Fluid pump assembly

An engine system that includes a timing drive cavity defined by at least one of an engine block, front cover, and timing drive cover, a timing drive positioned within the timing drive cavity, and a fluid pump assembly. The fluid pump assembly includes an impeller housing, a fluid inlet port coupled to the impeller housing, and a fluid outlet port coupled to the impeller housing. At least one of the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports is positioned at least partially within the timing drive cavity.

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD

A variable valve actuation system is disclosed. In one form a rocker is disclosed coupled with a valve stem at one end and a cam follower at the other end. The rocker is operable to pivot about a fixed axis. The cam follower is operable to be pivotally coupled with the rocker at one end of the cam follower. The cam follower includes a lower roller and an upper roller at its other end, each operable to engage cam lobes on separate cam shafts. In one form the cam follower includes a lower roller operable to follow a cam lobe on a lower cam shaft and an upper roller operable to follow a cam lobe on an upper cam shaft. The upper cam shaft and the lower cam shaft can have variable lobes. A spring can be used to bias the cam follower on the rocker.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

Method for enhancing growth or increasing feed efficiency through reducing binding between endotoxin and its receptor in the gastrointestinal tract

A method for reducing gastrointestinal inflammation, enhancing growth, or improving feed efficiency in a human or non-human animal is disclosed. The method involves administering to the animal an agent that can reduce the formation of the signal transduction complex of endotoxin, TLR4 and CD14 on the cellular surface of a cell in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal. In a preferred embodiment, an antibody against the extracellular domain of TLR4 or CD14 is used to reduce the formation of the complex. A composition that contains the antibody and an ingestible carrier is also disclosed. Further disclosed is a method for producing a peptide for enhancing growth, improving feed efficiency, or both in a human or non-human animal.

Preparation of pyridonecarboxylic acid antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

Preparation of pyridonecarboxylic acid antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Method for enhancing growth or increasing feed efficiency through reducing binding between endotoxin and its receptor in the gastrointestinal tract

A method for reducing gastrointestinal inflammation, enhancing growth, or improving feed efficiency in a human or non-human animal is disclosed. The method involves administering to the animal an agent that can reduce the formation of the signal transduction complex of endotoxin, TLR4 and CD14 on the cellular surface of a cell in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal. In a preferred embodiment, an antibody against the extracellular domain of TLR4 or CD14 is used to reduce the formation of the complex. A composition that contains the antibody and an ingestible carrier is also disclosed. Further disclosed is a method for producing a peptide for enhancing growth, improving feed efficiency, or both in a human or non-human animal.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Stereoselective process for producing nitro compounds

The present invention relates to producing stereoselective nitro compounds by reacting a dicarbonyl compound with a nitrostyrene compound in the presence of a catalyst complex and a base.

PHOSPHINE LIGANDS FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands. 149-. (canceled)53. The compound of claim 52 , wherein X is attached to an atom of Aradjacent to the atom bonded to Ar.58. The compound according to claim 57 , wherein X comprises a 4-membered ring.59. The compound according to claim 57 , wherein X comprises a 5-membered ring.60. The compound according to claim 57 , wherein X comprises a 7-membered ring or an 8-membered ring.61. The compound according to claim 57 , wherein R claim 57 , R claim 57 , R claim 57 , and Rare selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 57 , phenyl claim 57 , and heteroaryl claim 57 , or wherein Ror Rtogether with Ror Rform a ring.64. The compound of claim 63 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:1-(biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,7,7-tetramethylphosphepan-4-one;1-(biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,7,7-tetramethylphosphepane;2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphepan-4-one;2,2,7,7-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphepane;2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphocan-4-one; and2,2,8,8-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphocane.67. The compound of claim 66 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:{'sup': '3,7', '1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-2,4,6-trioxa-8-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane; and'}{'sup': '3,7', '8-(biphenyl-2-yl)-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,4,6-trioxa-8-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane.'}68. 1-(2-(2 claim 66 ,2 claim 66 ,6 claim 66 ,6-tetramethylphosphinan-1 -yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole.71. The compound according claim 69 , wherein ring A is a 4- claim 69 , 5- claim 69 , 6- claim 69 , 7- claim 69 , or 8-membered ring claim 69 , and wherein each of the ring atoms in addition to the phosphorus and 2 carbon ring atoms of formula (Ia) are carbon.72. The compound according to ...

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole Derivatives

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands, Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein.

Cylinder head for internal combustion engine

Rib configurations for increasing the structural efficiency of a cylinder head, which relates to a peak combustion pressure capability of the cylinder head. In addition to increasing peak combustion pressure, the rib configurations may also improve sealing of the cylinder head and may improve the durability of an associated cylinder head gasket.

Variable valve actuation apparatus, system and method

In one form a rocker is disclosed coupled with a valve stem at one end and a cam follower at the other end. The rocker is operable to rotate about a fixed axis. In one form the cam follower includes a set of lower rollers operable to follow one cam lobe and an upper roller operable to follow another cam lobe. A leaf spring can be used to couple the cam follower with the rocker. A cam shaft can have a nested configuration including an inner shaft, an intermediate tube, and an outer tube. Cam lobes can be fastened to the cam shaft in one form by fastening through each of the inner shaft, intermediate tube, and outer tube, and in another form by attaching at least two devices inserted from either side of the cam shaft and that are not inserted at least through the inner shaft.

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-B]pyrrole derivatives

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein.

Salt and Crystalline Forms Thereof of a Drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed. 1. A therapeutic composition comprising D-Glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate salt , at least one filler , at least one binder , at least one disintegrating agent , at least one buffering agent and at least one lubricant.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is present in a therapeutically acceptable amount.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is crystalline.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt has substantial crystalline purity.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the salt has at least about 95% crystalline purity.6. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt is characterized claim 3 , when measured at about 25° C. with Cu—Kα radiation claim 3 , by the powder diffraction pattern shown in .7. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt is characterized by respective lattice parameters claim 3 , a claim 3 , b claim 3 , and c of about 16.4460 Å claim 3 , 21.4010 Å claim 3 , and 5.3050 Å and β of about 109° in the monoclinic crystal system P 21/C or P 21/M space group claim 3 , when measured with Mo—Kα radiation at about 25° C.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt has substantial chemical purity.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 97% chemically pure.10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 98% chemically pure.11. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 100% chemically pure.12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an orally administered dosage form.13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one filler comprises cellulose.14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder comprises povidone.15. The composition of ...

OCTAHYDRO-PYRROLO[3,4-B]PYRROLE DERIVATIVES

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein.

ENGINE HAVING INTEGRATED WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

A waste heat recovery system connects a working fluid into passages formed within an internal combustion engine. The fluid passages transport the working fluid to high temperature areas of the engine, raising the temperature of the working fluid near the phase change point or above the phase change point. The heated working fluid drives an energy conversion portion located downstream from the engine. The heat absorbed by the working fluid decreases the load on an engine cooling system as well as driving an energy conversion portion, improving fuel efficiency.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

FLUID PUMP ASSEMBLY

An engine system that includes a timing drive cavity defined by at least one of an engine block, front cover, and timing drive cover, a timing drive positioned within the timing drive cavity, and a fluid pump assembly. The fluid pump assembly includes an impeller housing, a fluid inlet port coupled to the impeller housing, and a fluid outlet port coupled to the impeller housing. At least one of the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports is positioned at least partially within the timing drive cavity. 1. An engine system , comprising:a timing drive cavity defined by at least one of an engine block, front cover, and timing drive housing;a timing drive positioned within the timing drive cavity; anda fluid pump assembly comprising an impeller housing, a fluid inlet port coupled to the impeller housing, and a fluid outlet port coupled to the impeller housing, wherein at least one of the fluid inlet and fluid outlet ports is positioned at least partially within the timing drive cavity.2. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid inlet port extends through the timing drive cavity.3. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid outlet port extends through the timing drive cavity.4. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein both the fluid outlet and inlet ports extend through the timing drive cavity.5. The engine system of claim 1 , wherein the timing drive is positioned between first and second opposing sides of the timing drive cavity claim 1 , wherein the impeller housing is positioned at the first side of the timing drive cavity claim 1 , and at least one of an inlet of the fluid inlet port and an outlet of the fluid outlet port is positioned at the second side of the timing drive cavity.6. The engine system of claim 5 , further comprising an engine fan assembly positioned adjacent the first side of the timing drive cavity claim 5 , the engine fan assembly being driven by an accessory belt pulley claim 5 , wherein the fluid pump assembly comprises an impeller ...

Inertia assisted engine cranking

An inertia assisted engine starting apparatus and method are disclosed. The apparatus includes an internal combustion engine and an accessory drive system including an accessory. The accessory includes a rotatable member. An electric motor is selectively rotationally coupled to the accessory drive system. A mechanical coupling device selectively transfers rotational kinetic energy from the accessory drive system to start the internal combustion engine.

Nutating balancer for internal combustion engine

A nutating balance device for mitigating vibrations of an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft includes a coupler coupled to the engine crankshaft. The device also includes a weight coupled to the coupler. The coupler is configured to move the weight in sync with the crankshaft. The nutating balance device can generate variable torque pulsations or moments corresponding to torque harmonic frequencies of the internal combustion engine.

Accessory drive configuration

An apparatus for an accessory drive configuration includes an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft which is structured to provide traction power. A torque-transmitting shaft extends through a portion of an internal combustion engine assembly, and the torque-transmitting shaft provides mechanical power to an accessory drive system. The internal combustion engine and an electric motor are operably coupled to the torque-transmitting shaft to selectively provide torque to the torque-transmitting shaft.

Vehicle and hybrid drive system

One embodiment is a unique vehicle having a hybrid drive system. Other embodiments include unique hybrid drive systems. Still other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for fluid driven actuation systems. Further embodiments, forms, features, aspects, benefits, and advantages of the present application shall become apparent from the description and figures provided herewith.

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD

In one form a rocker is disclosed coupled with a valve stem at one end and a cam follower at the other end. The rocker is operable to rotate about a fixed axis. In one form the cam follower includes a set of lower rollers operable to follow one cam lobe and an upper roller operable to follow another cam lobe. A leaf spring can be used to couple the cam follower with the rocker. A cam shaft can have a nested configuration including an inner shaft, an intermediate tube, and an outer tube. Cam lobes can be fastened to the cam shaft in one form by fastening through each of the inner shaft, intermediate tube, and outer tube, and in another form by attaching at least two devices inserted from either side of the cam shaft and that are not inserted at least through the inner shaft. 1. An apparatus comprising:a cam follower operable to be pivotally coupled with a valve rocker arm and having a first rotatable member operable to be engaged with a first cam lobe substantially throughout a revolution of a cam shaft and a second rotatable member operable to be disengaged from a second cam lobe throughout a portion of the revolution.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cam follower includes one end that is pivotally coupled with the valve rocker arm and a second end having the first rotatable member and the second rotatable member.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , which further includes an energy member operable to bias the cam follower such that the second rotatable member is disengaged from the second cam lobe.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the energy member is a spring.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , which further includes the valve rocker arm claim 4 , wherein the spring is a leaf spring attached to the valve rocker arm and coupled with the cam follower.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , which further includes the valve rocker arm pivotally coupled with the cam follower claim 1 , the rocker arm operable to be coupled with a shaft fixed relative to an engine block.7. The ...

ACCESSORY DRIVE MOTOR CONFIGURATION

An accessory drive motor configuration is disclosed. One embodiment of the accessory drive motor configuration is an apparatus including an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft, wherein the crankshaft is structured to provide traction power. The apparatus further includes an accessory drive system operably coupled to a shaft. The shaft is selectively coupled to an electro-mechanical device and selectively coupled to the internal combustion engine. The shaft extends through at least a portion of the electro-mechanical device.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Preparation of pyridonecarboxylic acid antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD

A variable valve actuation system in one form includes a rocker coupled with a valve stem at one end and a cam follower at the other end. The rocker is operable to rotate about a fixed axis and the cam follower includes a set of lower rollers operable to follow one cam lobe and an upper roller operable to follow another cam lobe. A leaf spring can be used to couple the cam follower with the rocker. A cam shaft can have a nested configuration that includes an inner shaft, an intermediate tube, and an outer tube. Cam lobes can be fastened to the cam shaft by fastening through each of the inner shaft, intermediate tube, and outer tube. The cam lobes can be attached by at least two devices inserted from either side of the cam shaft and that are not inserted at least through the inner shaft. 127-. (canceled)28. An apparatus comprising:a cam shaft having a reference elongate member driven by an engine crank shaft, the cam shaft having a first lobe and a second lobe structured to be independently clocked relative to the reference elongate member when the cam shaft is in operation.29. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the first lobe is coupled with a shaft and the second lobe is coupled with a tube.30. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the second lobe is coupled to the tube with an elongate member that traverses through the tube.31. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the second lobe is coupled to the tube with a first member and a second member claim 29 , the shaft prohibiting the first member or the second member from passing from one side of the shaft to the other side of the shaft32. The apparatus of claim 29 , wherein the cam shaft further includes a shaft claim 29 , a first tube claim 29 , and a second tube claim 29 , the shaft and first tube within the second tube.33. The apparatus of claim 32 , wherein the second lobe is coupled to rotate with the second tube.34. The apparatus of claim 33 , wherein the second lobe is pinned to the second tube through the shaft35 ...

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Uracil or thymine derivative for treating hepatitis c

Maintaining oil pressure during cylinder deactivation operation

Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed that maintain sufficient oil pressure of valve train components or hardware required for CDA and/or jump cylinder ignition operations at low engine speeds and low engine loads during cylinder deactivation, including jump cylinder ignition.

Sulfonamides having antiangiogenic and anticancer activity

Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

PHOSPHINE LIGANDS FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions. 130-. (canceled)33. The method of claim 31 , wherein X is attached to an atom of Aradjacent to the atom bonded to Ar.35. The method of claim 34 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen.36. The method of claim 34 , wherein Rand Rtogether with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a 3- claim 34 , 4- claim 34 , 5- claim 34 , 6- claim 34 , or 7-membered spirocyclic ring containing 0 claim 34 , 1 claim 34 , or 2 ring heteroatoms.38. The method of claim 31 , wherein Arand Arare each aryl.39. The method of claim 31 , wherein Aris substituted with two Rand Aris substituted with three R.40. The method of claim 31 , wherein Ris alkyloxy and wherein Ris alkyl.41. The method of claim 31 , wherein Ris isopropyl.43. The method of claim 42 , wherein Rtogether with Rform a 5-membered spiro ring containing two heteroatoms.44. The method of claim 43 , wherein the two heteroatoms are each oxygen.45. The method of claim 31 , wherein R claim 31 , R claim 31 , R claim 31 , and Rare each methyl.48. The method of claim 47 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinane;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-ol;7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-8-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,4-dioxa-8-phosphaspiro[4.5]decane;8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;3,3,8,8,10,10-hexamethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;1-(2′-(dimethylamino)-6′-methoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-bis(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2 ...

PREPARATION OF PYRIDONECARBOXYLIC ACID ANTIBACTERIALS

A process for making 1 [ '(2E/Z)-3-((6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)amino)-2-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl)-2-propenoate, or a salt thereof, lithium chloride and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and not isolating the product;', '(a) reacting ethyl'}, '(b) reacting the product of step (a), 3-azetidinol hydrochloride and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and not isolating the product; and', '(c) reacting the product of step (b) and isobutyric anhydride and isolating or not isolating the product., '1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-isobutyryloxy)azetidin-l-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-di hydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, or a salt thereof, comprising. A process for making ethyl This application is a continuation of and claims the benefit of priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/663,601, filed Oct. 30, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,648,196, which is a continuation of and claims the benefit of priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/543,240, filed Aug. 18, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,299,254, which is a continuation of and claims the benefit of priority of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/191,319, filed Jul. 28, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,576,216, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/617,327, filed Oct. 8, 2004 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/592,893, filed Jul. 30, 2004, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.This invention pertains to processes for preparing pyridonecarboxylic acid derivatives having antibacterial properties and intermediates which are useful in the process.Many compounds having a pyridonecarboxylic acid moiety re known to be useful as antibacterials. For example, a series of novel quinolone antibacterials appears in PCT Application No. PCT/JP96/02710, published as WO97/11068 on Mar. 27, 1997 and issued in United States as U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,436 on Dec. 7, 1999, U.S. Pat. No. 6,133,284 on Oct. 17, 2000, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,156,903 on Dec. 5, 2000.There is therefore ...

Ligando de fosfina; composicion catalizadora que comprende un precursor de catalizador de metal de transicion y dicho ligando de fosfina; metodo para sintetizar una sulfonamida organica secundaria; metodo para formar una union en una reaccion quimica; y metodo para preparar fosfacidos.

Ligando de fosfina; composición catalizadora que comprende un precursor de catalizador de metal de transición y dicho ligando de fosfina; método para sintetizar una sulfonamida orgánica secundaria; método para formar una unión en una reacción química; y método para preparar fosfácidos.

Ligandos fosfina para reacciones cataliticas (solicitud divisional de 146-13)

LIGANDOS FOSFINA PARA REACCIONES CATALITICAS ...

Procesos para preparar compuestos antivirales

PROCESO PARA PREPARAR COMPUESTO INTERMEDIARIO DE FÓRMULA DEFINIDA, DICHO COMPUESTO Y COMPOSICIÓN QUE LO COMPRENDE (DIV. SOL. 159-13).

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Preparation of Pyridonecarboxylic Acid Antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

VITAMIN D RECEPTOR ACTIVATORS AND METHODS OF MAKING

The invention relates to compounds that are vitamin D receptor activators, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds and compositions, processes for preparing such compounds, and intermediates obtained during such processes.

NUTATING BALANCER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A nutating balance device for mitigating vibrations of an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft includes a coupler coupled to the engine crankshaft. The device also includes a weight coupled to the coupler. The coupler is configured to move the weight in sync with the crankshaft. The nutating balance device can generate variable torque pulsations or moments corresponding to torque harmonic frequencies of the internal combustion engine.

Engine having integrated waste heat recovery

A waste heat recovery system connects a working fluid into passages formed within an internal combustion engine. The fluid passages transport the working fluid to high temperature areas of the engine, raising the temperature of the working fluid near the phase change point or above the phase change point. The heated working fluid drives an energy conversion portion located downstream from the engine. The heat absorbed by the working fluid decreases the load on an engine cooling system as well as driving an energy conversion portion, improving fuel efficiency.

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING VARIABLE OSCILLATING CAM

A high-efficiency mechanism for variable valve actuation with increased engine architecture applicability is described. The high efficiency mechanism introduces an intermediate lever having a secondary cam profile forming a variable oscillating cam between a rotating camshaft and a rocker arm.

SALT AND CRYSTALLINE FORMS THEREOF OF A DRUG

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Variable valve actuation apparatus, system, and method

A variable valve actuation system in one form includes a rocker coupled with a valve stem at one end and a cam follower at the other end. The rocker is operable to rotate about a fixed axis and the cam follower includes a set of lower rollers operable to follow one cam lobe and an upper roller operable to follow another cam lobe. A leaf spring can be used to couple the cam follower with the rocker. A cam shaft can have a nested configuration that includes an inner shaft, an intermediate tube, and an outer tube. Cam lobes can be fastened to the cam shaft by fastening through each of the inner shaft, intermediate tube, and outer tube. The cam lobes can be attached by at least two devices inserted from either side of the cam shaft and that are not inserted at least through the inner shaft.

Inertia assisted engine cranking

An inertia assisted engine starting apparatus and method are disclosed. The apparatus includes an internal combustion engine and an accessory drive system including an accessory. The accessory includes a rotatable member. An electric motor is selectively rotationally coupled to the accessory drive system. A mechanical coupling device selectively transfers rotational kinetic energy from the accessory drive system to start the internal combustion engine.

PREPARATION OF PYRIDONECARBOXYLIC ACID ANTIBACTERIALS

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.

New vitamin D receptor activators and methods of making

The invention relates to compounds that are vitamin D receptor activators, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds and compositions, processes for preparing such compounds, and intermediates obtained during such processes.

Salt and Crystalline Forms Thereof of a Drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed. 1. D-Glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate (salt).2. D-Glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyndin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate trihydrate (salt).3. Crystalline D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chioro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate (salt) characterized , when measured at about 25° C. with Cu—Kα radiation , by the powder diffraction pattern shown in .4. Crystalline D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-ammo-3 ,5-difiuoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate trihydrate (salt) characterized , when measured at about 25° C. with Cu—Kα radiation , by the powder diffraction pattern shown in .5. A process for making D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1 ,-(methylamino)- ,1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate (salt) comprising dehydrating D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate trihydrate (salt).6. D-Glucitol claim 5 , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- claim 5 , 1-(6-amino-3 claim 5 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 claim 5 ,4-dihydro-7-(3 -hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate (salt) prepared as described in .7. A process for making D-glucitol claim 5 , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- claim 5 ,1-(6-amino-3.5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 claim 5 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate ...

Preparation of Pyridonecarboxylic Acid Antibacterials

A process for making 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, and therapeutically acceptable salts thereof, and intermediates used in the process are disclosed.

PHOSPHINE LIGANDS FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions. 2. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris alkoxy.3. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris methoxy.4. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris hydrogen.5. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein V claim 1 , Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris alkyl.6. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein V claim 1 , Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris isopropyl.7. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein Vand Vare CR claim 1 , wherein Ris hydrogen.10. The phosphine ligand of claim 1 , wherein the ligand is selected from the group consisting of:2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinane;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-ol;7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-8-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,4-dioxa-8-phosphaspiro[4.5]decane;8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;3,3,8,8,10,10-hexamethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;1-(2′-(dimethylamino)-6′-methoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-bis(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-diisopropoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′-(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(1,1′-binaphthyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′-methoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(3,6-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6- ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein LGis selected from the group consisting of chloro claim 1 , bromo claim 1 , iodo and —OSOR claim 1 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of aryl claim 1 , alkyl claim 1 , fluoroalkyl claim 1 , -fluoroalkyl-O-fluoroalkyl claim 1 , —N(alkyl) claim 1 , —O(alkyl) claim 1 , —O(aryl) claim 1 , fluoro claim 1 , imidazolyl claim 1 , and isomers and homologs thereof.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein Ris t-butyl claim 1 , Ris methoxy claim 1 , and Ris methyl.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein Ris CF.5. The process of claim 2 , wherein Ris perfluorobutyl or trifluoromethyl.6. The process of wherein compound (5) is 6-(3-tert-butyl-5-(2 claim 1 ,4-dioxo-3 claim 1 ,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)naphthalen-2-yl 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein compound (5) is sulfonamidated using a transition metal catalyst or transition metal catalyst precursor and ligand in the presence of a base and a solvent.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the transition metal in the transition metal catalyst or transition metal catalyst precursor is palladium.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the palladium catalyst or palladium catalyst precursor is selected from the group consisting of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) claim 8 , dichlorobis(tri-o-tolylphosphine)palladium(II) claim 8 , palladium(II) acetate claim 8 , [1 claim 8 ,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) claim 8 , tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) claim 8 , bis(dibenzylideneacetone) ...

CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Rib configurations for increasing the structural efficiency of a cylinder head, which relates to a peak combustion pressure capability of the cylinder head. In addition to increasing peak combustion pressure, the rib configurations may also improve sealing of the cylinder head and may improve the durability of an associated cylinder head gasket. 1. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine , the cylinder head comprising:a bottom deck;a component bore having a wall extending longitudinally from the bottom deck;a bolt boss extending longitudinally from the bottom deck and positioned a first radial distance from the component bore;a valve boss positioned a second radial distance from the component bore, the second radial distance being less than the first radial distance; andan intake passage formed in the cylinder head, the intake passage including an intake passage wall;an exhaust passage formed in the cylinder head, the exhaust passage including an exhaust passage wall; anda first rib extending longitudinally upward from at least one of the intake passage wall, the exhaust passage wall, and the bottom deck, and outwardly away from the component bore, the first rib including a first rib end connected to the bolt boss at a location on an upper portion of the bolt boss, wherein the first rib is free from contact with the component bore wall.2. The cylinder head of claim 1 , wherein the first rib extends longitudinally upward to connect to a location on a lower portion of the valve boss at a second end of the first rib.3. (canceled)4. The cylinder head of claim 1 , further including a second rib extending longitudinally upward from the bottom deck to connect to a location on an upper portion of the bolt boss.5. The cylinder head of claim 1 , further including a pair of bolt bosses positioned at a spaced angle to each other about the component bore claim 1 , at least one of the bolt bosses positioned at the first radial distance claim 1 , and a third rib ...

CONCENTRIC DUAL INDEPENDENT CAMSHAFT PHASER FOR DUAL OVERHEAD CAMSHAFT VALVE TRAIN

A variable valve timing system and methods of operation are provided. A primary valve train driver is configured to rotate about a primary axis. A primary camshaft includes a first plurality of cams positioned on the primary camshaft. The primary camshaft is coaxially coupled to the primary valve train driver. The first plurality of cams is configured to rotate about the primary axis. A primary camshaft phaser is coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft. The primary camshaft phaser is rotatably coupled to the primary valve train driver so as to rotate the primary camshaft phaser and the primary camshaft to a first phase angle. A secondary camshaft driver on the primary axis is coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft, and a secondary camshaft phaser is coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft and coupled to the secondary camshaft driver on the primary axis. The secondary camshaft phaser is rotatably coupled to the primary valve train driver so as to rotate the secondary camshaft driver on the primary axis to a second phase angle. 1. A variable valve timing system , comprising:a primary valve train driver configured to rotate about a primary axis;a primary camshaft including a first plurality of cams positioned on the primary camshaft, the primary camshaft coaxially coupled to the primary valve train driver, the first plurality of cams configured to rotate about the primary axis;a primary camshaft phaser coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft, the primary camshaft phaser rotatably coupled to the primary valve train driver so as to rotate the primary camshaft phaser and the primary camshaft to a first phase angle with respect to the primary valve train driver;a secondary camshaft driver on the primary axis coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft; anda secondary camshaft phaser coaxially coupled to the primary camshaft and coupled to the secondary camshaft driver on the primary axis , the secondary camshaft phaser rotatably coupled to the primary valve train ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COUPLING A CYLINDER HEAD TO A CYLINDER BLOCK

An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head and a cylinder block. The cylinder head includes a first boss cylinder head conduit portion and a first boss cylinder head cavity portion. The first boss cylinder head conduit portion is configured to receive a first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener. The first boss cylinder head conduit portion has a first diameter. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion is aligned with the first boss cylinder head conduit portion. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion is configured to receive the first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The cylinder block is coupled to the cylinder head. The cylinder block includes a first boss cylinder block threaded portion. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising: a first boss cylinder head conduit portion configured to receive a first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener, the first boss cylinder head conduit portion having a first diameter; and', 'a first boss cylinder head cavity portion aligned with the first boss cylinder head conduit portion and configured to receive the first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener, the first boss cylinder head cavity portion having a second diameter greater than the first diameter; and, 'a cylinder head, the cylinder head comprisinga cylinder block coupled to the cylinder head, the cylinder block comprising a first boss cylinder block threaded portion aligned with the first boss cylinder head conduit portion, the first boss cylinder block threaded portion configured to threadably engage the first fastener.2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 , wherein the cylinder head further comprises:a second boss cylinder head conduit portion configured to receive a second fastener without threadably engaging the second fastener, the second boss cylinder head ...

Hybrid valve train system

For a given cylinder in the engine having two intake valves and two exhaust valves, one of the intake valves is driven by a bucket tappet, while the other intake valve is actuated via a roller finger follower. Similarly, one of the exhaust valves is driven by a bucket tappet, while the other exhaust valve is actuated via a roller finger follower. The intake valves read inputs form an intake camshaft, and the exhaust valves read inputs from an exhaust camshaft.

ENHANCED IDLER SHAFT INTERFACE FOR IMPROVING STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF FLYWHEEL HOUSING

An idler shaft () used in an engine () having a gear cover () and a cylinder block (). The idler shaft () includes an integral body () having a cylindrical shape. The idler shaft () is compressed between the gear cover () and the cylinder block () when assembled together such that the integral body () of the idler shaft () provides a clamp load and axial sealing between the gear cover () and the cylinder block (). The idler shaft () further includes a passage way () fluidly connected to at least one of: the cylinder block () and the gear cover () for accommodating transmission of a fluid for the engine (). 1100101618. An idler shaft () used in an engine () having a gear cover () and a cylinder block () , the idler shaft comprising:{'b': 114', '100', '16', '18', '114', '100', '16', '18, 'an integral body () having a cylindrical shape, the idler shaft () being compressed between the gear cover () and the cylinder block () when assembled together such that the integral body () of the idler shaft () provides a clamp load and axial sealing between the gear cover () and the cylinder block (); and'}{'b': 116', '18', '16', '10, 'a passage way () fluidly connected to at least one of: the cylinder block () and the gear cover () for accommodating transmission of a fluid for the engine ().'}21001041081610611018161810. The idler shaft of claim 1 , wherein the idler shaft () includes a first side () engaging an inner surface () of the gear cover (); and an opposite second side () engaging an outer surface () of the cylinder block () claim 1 , such that both the gear cover () and the cylinder block () are connected together by the idler shaft during operation of the engine ().3100101618. An idler shaft () used in an engine () having a gear cover () and a cylinder block () claim 1 , the idler shaft comprising:{'b': 104', '108', '16, 'a first side () engaging an inner surface () of the gear cover (); and'}{'b': 106', '110', '18', '16', '18', '100', '10, 'an opposite second side () ...

SALT AND CRYSTALLINE FORMS THEREOF OF A DRUG

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed. 1. A process for making D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate salt comprising the steps of:(1) combining 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxy azetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate and 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol in a solvent to provide a mixture;(2) filtering said mixture to provide a solid; and(3) drying said solid to provide said D-glucitol, 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-, 1-(6-amino-3,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxy azetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate salt.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said solvent comprises water.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said solvent comprises an alcohol.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein said alcohol is isopropanol.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein said step of combining said 1-(6-amino-3 claim 4 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 claim 4 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate and said 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol in a solvent to provide a mixture further comprises heating said mixture.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein said heating comprises about 60° C.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein said heating comprises about 45° C.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said step of combining said 1-(6-amino-3 claim 1 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 claim 1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate and said 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol in a solvent to provide a mixture further comprises heating said mixture and subsequently cooling said mixture.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein said heating comprises about 60° C.10. The process of claim 8 , wherein ...

Exhaust aftertreatment housed between cylinder heads

An apparatus includes an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders allocated between a first bank having a first cylinder head and a second bank having a second cylinder head. A medial space is defined between the first bank and the second bank. An exhaust system is in fluid receiving communication with the internal combustion engine and in fluid providing communication with the atmosphere. The exhaust system includes an aftertreatment system that is disposed at least in part at the medial space between the first bank and the second bank of the internal combustion engine.

SALT AND CRYSTALLINE FORMS THEREOF OF A DRUG

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed. 1. A therapeutic composition comprising crystalline D-glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate salt and an excipient , wherein the therapeutic composition is in a dosage form selected from the group consisting of a capsule , a dragee , an emulsion , a granule , a pill , a powder , a solution , a suspension , a tablet , a microemulsion , an elixir , a syrup , a powder for reconstitution , a cream , a gel , an inhalant , a lotion , an ointment , a paste , a powder , an aqueous suspension , and an oleaginous suspension.2. The therapeutic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is present in a therapeutically effective amount.3. The therapeutic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt has substantially crystalline purity.4. The therapeutic composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt has at least about 95% crystalline purity.5. The therapeutic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is characterized claim 1 , when measured at about 25° C. with Cu—Kα radiation claim 1 , by the powder diffraction pattern shown in .6. The therapeutic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is characterized by respective lattice parameters claim 1 , a claim 1 , b claim 1 , and c of about 16.4460 Å claim 1 , 21.4010 Å claim 1 , and 5.3050 Å and β of about 109° in the monoclinic crystal system P 21/C or P 21/M space group claim 1 , when measured with Mo—Kα radiation at about 25° C.7. The therapeutic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt has substantial chemical purity.8. The therapeutic composition of claim 7 , wherein the salt is about 97% chemically pure.9. The therapeutic composition of claim 7 , wherein the salt is about 100% chemically pure.10. The therapeutic composition of claim ...

HYDRAULIC LASH ADJUSTER

An eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, a combustion engine comprising the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, and a method of assembling the combustion engine, the combustion engine including a rocker lever having a nose at a distal end thereof, and a bridge bar extending between two valves, the rocker lever configured to apply pressure on the bridge bar to actuate the two valves, and an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster positioned in the nose of the rocker lever; and a fuel injector adjacent to the nose of the rocker lever and the bridge bar, wherein the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster includes a housing having a pivot point and a longitudinal axis offset from the pivot point and is configured to pivot about the pivot point when the rocker lever pivots about the rocket lever shaft, wherein the offset is dimensioned to prevent interference between the nose and the fuel injector. 1. An eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster comprising:a housing having a pivot point and a longitudinal axis offset from a line parallel to the longitudinal axis and passing through the pivot point, wherein the offset is greater than 0.0 millimeters (mm).2. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a pivot ball having a center comprising the pivot point.3. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a cylindrical cavity and the longitudinal axis comprises an axis of the cylindrical cavity.4. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the offset is equal to or greater than 1.0 mm.5. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the offset is equal to or greater than 2.0 mm.6. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the offset is between and including 1.0 mm and 10.0 mm.7. The eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster of claim 1 , wherein the offset is between and including 2.0 mm and 6.0 mm.8. A valve train assembly comprising:an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster including a ...

Variable counterweight

Variable counterweight apparatuses, systems and methods. The variable counterweight system includes at least one rotatable actuator, a first variable counterweight assembly, and a second variable counterweight assembly. The first variable counterweight assembly is rotatably coupled to the rotatable actuator to rotate about a first axis. The first variable counterweight assembly is configured to geometrically reconfigure so as to change a first variable counterweight assembly center of gravity position with respect to the first variable counterweight assembly. The second variable counterweight assembly is rotatably coupled to the rotatable actuator to rotate about a second axis. The second variable counterweight assembly is configured to geometrically reconfigure so as to change a second variable counterweight assembly center of gravity position with respect to the second variable counterweight assembly.

CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Rib configurations for increasing the structural efficiency of a cylinder head, which relates to a peak combustion pressure capability of the cylinder head. In addition to increasing peak combustion pressure, the rib configurations may also improve sealing of the cylinder head and may improve the durability of an associated cylinder head gasket. 120-. (canceled)21. A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine , the cylinder head comprising:a bottom deck;a component bore having an component bore wall extending longitudinally from the bottom deck;a bolt boss extending longitudinally from the bottom deck and positioned at a first radial distance from the component bore;a valve boss positioned a second radial distance from the component bore, the second radial distance being less than the first radial distance;an intake passage wall;an exhaust passage wall; anda first rib connected to one of the intake passage wall and the exhaust passage wall, the first rib extending longitudinally upward from the one of the intake passage wall and the exhaust passage wall and connected to the component bore wall.22. The cylinder head of claim 21 , wherein the first rib is also connected to the valve boss.23. The cylinder head of claim 22 , further comprising a second rib connected to the other of the intake passage wall and the exhaust passage wall claim 22 , the second rib extending longitudinally upward from the other of the intake passage wall and the exhaust passage wall and connected to the component bore wall.24. The cylinder head of claim 23 , further comprising a second valve boss claim 23 , wherein the second rib is also connected to the second valve boss.25. The cylinder head of claim 23 , further comprising a third rib connected to and extending longitudinally upward from the bottom deck and connected to the component bore wall.26. The cylinder head of claim 25 , further comprising a fourth rib connected to and extending longitudinally upward from one of the intake ...

REMOTELY MOUNTED IDLER GEAR

The present disclosure provides a remote mount for an idler gear assembly, comprising: a gear mounting plate including a plurality of bores configured to receive a corresponding plurality of fasteners to mount a gear assembly to the gear mounting plate; and an attachment bracket including a plurality of mounting openings configured to receive a corresponding plurality of bolts to mount the remote mount to a cylinder head. The gear mounting plate supports the gear assembly such that a gear of the gear assembly rotates about an axis that is parallel to an axis of a crankshaft of an engine and the attachment bracket mounts to an upper surface of the cylinder head. 1. A remote mount idler gear assembly , comprising:a gear assembly including a gear; anda remote mount including a gear mounting plate and an attachment bracket, the gear mounting plate including a plurality of bores configured to receive a corresponding plurality of fasteners to mount the gear assembly to the gear mounting plate, the attachment bracket including a plurality of mounting openings configured to receive a corresponding plurality of bolts to mount the remote mount to a cylinder head;wherein the gear mounting plate supports the gear assembly for rotation of the gear about an axis that is parallel to an axis of a crankshaft of an engine and the attachment bracket mounts to an upper surface of the cylinder head.2. The remote mount idler gear assembly of claim 1 , wherein the gear mounting plate includes an inner surface into which the plurality of bores extend and the attachment bracket includes a lower surface that engages the upper surface of the cylinder head when the remote mount is mounted to the cylinder head claim 1 , the inner surface being substantially perpendicular to the lower surface.3. The remote mount idler gear assembly of claim 1 , wherein the gear mounting plate includes a drain bore in flow communication with a slot of the attachment bracket claim 1 , the drain bore being ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions. 187-. (canceled)91. The process of claim 90 , wherein LGof compound (1) is selected from the group consisting of chlorine claim 90 , bromine claim 90 , iodine claim 90 , and —OSOR claim 90 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of aryl claim 90 , alkyl claim 90 , fluoroalkyl claim 90 , aryl claim 90 , -fluoroalkyl-O-fluoroalkyl claim 90 , —N(alkyl) claim 90 , fluoro claim 90 , imidazolyl claim 90 , and isomers and homologs thereof.92. The process of claim 91 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of p-tolyl claim 91 , phenyl claim 91 , methyl claim 91 , ethyl claim 91 , trifluoromethyl claim 91 , perfluorobutyl claim 91 , isomers of perfluorobutyl claim 91 , perfluoropentyl claim 91 , perfluorohexyl claim 91 , perfluorooctyl claim 91 , perfluoroethoxyethyl.93. The process of claim 90 , wherein Yof compound (3) is selected from the group consisting of an organoborane; boronic acid; borate ester; borate salt; zinc halide; zincate; organomagnesium; magnesium halide; magnesium alkoxide; lithium; —Si(R)and —Sn(R) claim 90 , wherein Rand Rare selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 90 , phenyl claim 90 , hydroxy claim 90 , halide claim 90 , hydride claim 90 , and alkoxy.94. The process of claim 90 , wherein compound (1) is 1-(3-tert-butyl-5-iodo-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine-2 claim 90 ,4(1H claim 90 ,3H)-dione.95. The process of claim 90 , wherein compound (3) is 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylboronic acid.97. The process of claim 90 , wherein the coupling agent comprises a transition metal catalyst or a transition metal catalyst precursor and a ligand.98. The process of claim 97 , wherein the ligand is a phosphine ...

Salt and Crystalline Forms Thereof of a Drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed. 1. A therapeutic composition comprising D-Glucitol , 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)- , 1-(6-amino-3 ,5-difluoropyridin-2-yl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-1 ,4-dihydro-7-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate salt , at least one filler , at least one binder , at least one disintegrating agent , at least one buffering agent and at least one lubricant.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is present in a therapeutically acceptable amount.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is crystalline.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt has substantial crystalline purity.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the salt has at least about 95% crystalline purity.6. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt is characterized claim 3 , when measured at about 25° C. with Cu—Kα radiation claim 3 , by the powder diffraction pattern shown in .7. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the salt is characterized by respective lattice parameters claim 3 , a claim 3 , b claim 3 , and c of about 16.4460 Å claim 3 , 21.4010 Å claim 3 , and 5.3050 Å and β of about 109° in the monoclinic crystal system P 21/C or P 21/M space group claim 3 , when measured with Mo—Kα radiation at about 25° C.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt has substantial chemical purity.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 97% chemically pure.10. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 98% chemically pure.11. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the salt is about 100% chemically pure.12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an orally administered dosage form.13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one filler comprises cellulose.14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one binder comprises povidone.15. The composition of ...

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.

DIESEL PISTON WITH SEMI-HEMISPHERICAL CROWN

A diesel engine includes a cylinder block having a cylinder cavity defined therein. A cylinder head is coupled to the cylinder block and includes a lower semi-hemispherical surface defined thereon that defines an upper boundary of a combustion chamber. The engine includes a piston slideably disposed within the cylinder cavity that includes a piston crown having an upper surface configured to define a first portion of a lower boundary of the combustion chamber. The upper surface of the piston crown includes an axi-symmetric semi-hemispherical shape configured to correspond to the lower semi-hemispherical surface of the cylinder head. 1. A piston for a diesel engine , the piston comprising:a piston crown including a piston bowl and an upper surface that define a portion of a lower boundary of a combustion chamber, wherein the upper surface comprises an axi-symmetric semi-hemispherical shape.2. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the upper surface corresponds to a shape of a lower semi-hemispherical surface of a cylinder head claim 1 , wherein the lower semi-hemispherical surface of the cylinder head forms an upper boundary of the combustion chamber.3. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the upper surface comprises an uppermost surface portion that slopes downward from an inner edge to an outer position along a periphery of the piston crown.4. The piston of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in a top-dead-center position claim 1 , an inner edge of the uppermost surface portion is positioned beyond a plane corresponding to an upper surface of a cylinder block having a cylinder cavity defined therein claim 1 , wherein the piston is slideably received within the cylinder cavity.5. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the piston comprises a two-piece claim 1 , induction-welded steel piston.6. A diesel engine comprising:a cylinder block including a cylinder cavity defined therein, the cylinder cavity extending downward from an opening defined in an upper surface of the cylinder block;a ...

ENGINE BRAKE LEVER

A valve train assembly is provided, comprising an exhaust camshaft having an exhaust lobe and a brake lobe, an exhaust lever mounted adjacent the exhaust lobe, a brake lever mounted adjacent the brake lobe, wherein the exhaust lever is coupled to the brake lever to provide simultaneous movement of the exhaust lever and the brake lever in response to the exhaust lobe and independent movement of the brake lever in response to the brake lobe. 1. A valve train assembly , comprising:an exhaust camshaft having an exhaust lobe and a brake lobe;an exhaust lever mounted adjacent the exhaust lobe; anda brake lever mounted adjacent the brake lobe;wherein the exhaust lever is coupled to the brake lever to provide simultaneous movement of the exhaust lever and the brake lever in response to the exhaust lobe and independent movement of the brake lever in response to the brake lobe.2. The valve train assembly of claim 1 , wherein the brake lever comprises a coupling having an inner surface and the exhaust lever is coupled to the brake lever when a component of the exhaust lever engages the inner surface.3. The valve train assembly of claim 2 , wherein the brake lever follows motion of the exhaust lever during engine operation based on the component of the exhaust lever engaging the inner surface of the coupling.4. The valve train assembly of claim 2 , wherein engagement of the component with the inner surface of the coupling permits the brake lever to move in tandem with the exhaust lever in response to a roller of the exhaust lever engaging the exhaust lobe.5. The valve train assembly of claim 4 , wherein when the inner surface of the coupling is disengaged from the component claim 4 , the exhaust lever remains stationary and the brake lever moves independent of the exhaust lever in response to a tappet assembly of the brake lever engaging the brake lobe.6. The valve train assembly of claim 1 , wherein the brake lever comprises a housing and a lower clevice that forms an oil ...

REDUCED PARASITIC LUBE SYSTEM

The present disclosure provides a lubrication system comprising: a pump having an inlet in fluid communication with a lubricant source and an outlet; a cooler having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the pump and an outlet; a lubrication filter having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the cooler and an outlet; a first delivery path in fluid communication with the outlet of the lubrication filter, the first delivery path being configured to deliver cooled, filtered lubricant to a bearing system of an engine; and a second delivery path in fluid communication with the outlet of the pump, the second delivery path being configured to deliver uncooled, unfiltered lubricant to piston cooling nozzles of the engine. 1. A lubrication system , comprising:a pump having an inlet in fluid communication with a lubricant source and an outlet;a cooler having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the pump and an outlet;a lubrication filter having an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the cooler and an outlet;a first delivery path in fluid communication with the outlet of the lubrication filter, the first delivery path being configured to deliver cooled, filtered lubricant to a bearing system of an engine; anda second delivery path in fluid communication with the outlet of the pump, the second delivery path being configured to deliver uncooled, unfiltered lubricant to piston cooling nozzles of the engine.2. The lubrication system of claim 1 , further comprising a return path in fluid communication with the bearing system and the piston cooling nozzles to return lubricant to the lubricant source.3. The lubrication system of claim 1 , further comprising a screen disposed in the second delivery path for inhibiting passage of large particles to the piston cooling nozzles.4. The lubrication system of claim 1 , wherein the pump draws an amount of lubricant from the lubrication source and the cooled claim 1 , filtered lubricant ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions. 4. The process of claim 3 , wherein LGof compound (1) is selected from the group consisting of chlorine claim 3 , bromine claim 3 , iodine claim 3 , and —OSOR claim 3 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of p-tolyl claim 3 , phenyl claim 3 , methyl claim 3 , ethyl claim 3 , trifluoromethyl claim 3 , perfluorobutyl claim 3 , perfluoropentyl claim 3 , perfluorohexyl claim 3 , perfluorooctyl claim 3 , and perfluoroethoxyethyl.5. The process of claim 3 , wherein Yof compound (3) is selected from the group consisting of an organoborane; boronic acid; borate ester; borate salt; zinc halide; zincate; organomagnesium; magnesium halide; magnesium alkoxide; lithium; —Si(Ri)and —Sn(R) claim 3 , wherein Rand Rare selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 3 , phenyl claim 3 , hydroxy claim 3 , halide claim 3 , hydride claim 3 , and alkoxy.6. The process of claim 3 , wherein compound (1) is 1-(3-tert-butyl-5-iodo-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine-2 claim 3 ,4(1H claim 3 ,3H)-dione.7. The process of claim 3 , wherein compound (3) is 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-ylboronic acid.9. The process of claim 3 , wherein the coupling agent comprises a transition metal catalyst or a transition metal catalyst precursor and a phosphine ligand.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the phosphine ligand is selected from the group consisting of tri-t-butylphosphine claim 9 , tricylcohexylphosphine claim 9 , tris(2-furyl)phosphine claim 9 , 2 claim 9 ,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1 claim 9 ,1′-binaphthyl claim 9 , 1 claim 9 ,3 claim 9 ,5 claim 9 ,7-tetramethyl-8-phenyl-2 claim 9 ,4 claim 9 ,6-trioxa-8-phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane claim 9 , biphenyl-2- ...

LOW HEAT TRANSFER PISTON VIA BINDER JET TECHNOLOGY

A piston for an internal combustion engine includes a skirt and a crown coupled to the skirt. The crown is produced in isolation from the skirt using an additive manufacturing process. The piston includes a first air gap between the crown and the skirt. According to an example embodiment, the crown includes a plurality of sections produced in isolation from the skirt. The crown may include a second air gap disposed between two of the plurality of sections. 1. A piston , comprising:a skirt; anda crown coupled to the skirt, the crown produced in isolation from the skirt using an additive manufacturing process, the piston including a first air gap between the crown and the skirt.2. The piston of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the crown and the skirt comprises a recessed area claim 1 , the recessed area disposed between the skirt and the crown so as to form the first air gap.3. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the crown comprises a plurality of sections produced in isolation from the skirt using the additive manufacturing process claim 1 , the crown including a second air gap disposed between two of the plurality of sections such that the piston includes a plurality of air gaps.4. The piston of claim 3 , wherein each one of the plurality of air gaps comprises a plurality of air pockets distributed in a row between either (i) two sections of the plurality of sections; or (ii) the crown and the skirt claim 3 , and wherein a total number of air gaps is equal to a total number of sections.5. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the skirt comprises an upper portion and a lower portion extending downwardly from the upper portion claim 1 , the lower portion defining a cylindrical tube claim 1 , wherein the upper portion includes an upper wall that extends across a first end of the cylindrical tube and covers the first end claim 1 , and wherein the crown is coupled to the upper wall.6. The piston of claim 1 , wherein the crown is sintered onto the skirt.7. The piston of claim 1 , ...

PHOSPHINE LIGANDS FOR CATALYTIC REACTIONS

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions. 130-. (canceled)32. The process of claim 31 , wherein the ligand is selected from a group consisting of:2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinane;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-ol;7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-8-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,4-dioxa-8-phosphaspiro[4.5]decane;8,8,10,10-tetramethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;3,3,8,8,10,10-hexamethyl-9-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1,5-dioxa-9-phosphaspiro[5.5]undecane;1-(2′-(dimethylamino)-6′-methoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-bis(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′,6′-diisopropoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′-(dimethylamino)biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(biphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(1,1′-binaphthyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(2′-methoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2-(naphthalen-1-yl)phenyl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2-(naphthalen-2-yl)phenyl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-(1′,3′,5′-triphenyl-1′H-1,4′-bipyrazol-5-yl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)phosphinan-4-one;1-(2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(3,6-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;1-(3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-trimethylbiphenyl-2-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylphosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-3,6-dimethoxybiphenyl-2-yl)phosphinan-4-one;2,2,6,6- ...

Engine lubrication system

Engine lubrication systems and methods of manufacturing and implementing engine lubrication systems and methods. In particular embodiments, an engine system includes an internal combustion engine lubrication system that utilizes a stacked configuration of a through-bolted engine to pattern around through-bolts and utilizes substantially hollow bulkheads to define a central high-pressure lubrication reservoir that minimizes lube system pressure while maintaining pressure at the extremities of the lubrication circuit. Available space is utilized within the bulkheads to provide a lubrication drainage restriction for reducing lubrication losses at engine shut-down.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine and related components and methods of manufacturing and implementing an internal combustion engine and related components. The internal combustion engine includes a base, a cylinder block mounted onto the base, a cylinder head mounted onto the block, and a structural overhead member mounted onto the cylinder head, such that the cylinder head is positioned between the cylinder block and the structural overhead member. At least one through-bolt positioned in a through-bolt opening, the through-bolt opening extending from the base to the structural overhead member through the cylinder block and the cylinder head to couple the base, the cylinder block, the cylinder head and the structural overhead member together. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising:a base;a cylinder block mounted onto the base;a cylinder head mounted onto the block;a structural overhead member mounted onto the cylinder head such that the cylinder head is positioned between the cylinder block and the structural overhead member; andat least one through-bolt positioned in a through-bolt opening, the through-bolt opening extending from the base to the structural overhead member through the cylinder block and the cylinder head to couple the base, the cylinder block, the cylinder head and the structural overhead member together.2. The internal combustion engine of wherein a base material of the base and a structural overhead member material of the structural overhead member have a higher-strength and higher specific weight than a cylinder block material of the cylinder block and a cylinder head material of the cylinder head.3. The internal combustion engine of claim 2 , wherein the base material and the structural overhead member material include the same material.4. The internal combustion engine of claim 2 , wherein the cylinder block material and the cylinder head material include the same material.5. The internal combustion engine of claim 2 , wherein the base ...

Eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster for use with compression release brake

A valve train assembly ( 16 ) includes a fuel injector ( 1 ), an intake rocker lever assembly ( 10 ), and an exhaust rocker lever assembly ( 14 ). The intake and exhaust rocker lever assemblies ( 10 ) can include an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster ( 11 ) that is located in the nose ( 31 ) of the respective rocker lever assemblies ( 10 ). The rocker lever assemblies ( 10 ) are configured to allow a clearance area between a nose ( 31 ) of the intake rocker lever assembly ( 10 ) and the nose ( 31 ) of the exhaust rocker lever assembly ( 14 ). As such, the fuel injector ( 1 ) can be positioned in the clearance area, while still allowing the eccentric hydraulic lash adjusters to apply a load onto a corresponding valve bridge ( 2 ). For example, the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster ( 11 ) can include an outer housing ( 20 ) and a pivot ball ( 21 ), wherein the pivot ball ( 21 ) is positioned at an offset ( 23 ) from a lateral centerline of the outer housing ( 20 ).

Procesos para preparar compuestos antivirales

Se divulgan: (a) procesos para preparar un compuesto y sales del mismo que, entre otras aplicaciones, son útiles para inhibir el virus de hepatitis C (HCV); (b) intermediarios útiles en la preparación del compuesto y sales; (c) composiciones farmacéuticas que comprenden el compuesto o sales; y (d) métodos para usar dichas composiciones.

Remotely mounted idler gear

The present disclosure provides a remote mount for an idler gear assembly, comprising: a gear mounting plate including a plurality of bores configured to receive a corresponding plurality of fasteners to mount a gear assembly to the gear mounting plate; and an attachment bracket including a plurality of mounting openings configured to receive a corresponding plurality of bolts to mount the remote mount to a cylinder head. The gear mounting plate supports the gear assembly such that a gear of the gear assembly rotates about an axis that is parallel to an axis of a crankshaft of an engine and the attachment bracket mounts to an upper surface of the cylinder head.

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) catalyst compositions comprising phosphacycle ligands; and (c) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands and catalyst compositions in bond forming reactions.

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compounds and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands.

N-phenyl-dioxo-hydropyrimidines useful as hepatitis c virus (hcv) inhibitors.

Esta invención se relaciona con: (a) compuestos y sales de los mismos que, entre otros, inhiben el HCV; (b) intermediarios de utilidad para la preparación de dichos compuestos y sales; (c) composiciones que comprenden dichos compuestos y sales; (d) métodos para preparar dichos intermediarios, compuestos, sales y composiciones; (e) métodos de uso de dichos compuestos, sales y composiciones; y (f) conjuntos de elementos que comprenden dichos compuestos, sales y composiciones. Los compuestos son útiles en el tratamiento de hepatitis C y tienen la siguiente estructura general: Formula (1).

Vitamin d receptor activators and methods of making

The invention relates to compounds that are vitamin D receptor activators, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds and compositions, processes for preparing such compounds, and intermediates obtained during such processes.

Anti-infective agents and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Uracil or thymine derivative for treating hepatitis C

URACIL OR THYMINE DERIVATIVE FOR TREATING HEPATITIS C Present application relates to the compounds of formula I useful to treat hepatitis C (HCV) infections. In the structure of the disclosed compounds is the uracil or thymine derivative linked via a phenylene into either fused 2-ring cyclic system (R6) or alternatively via additional two atom linker (L) to a 5-6 membered monocycle (R6). Application further discloses polymorphs and pseudopolymorphs of two specific compounds: N-(6(3-t-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4 dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxy-phenyl)naphthalen-2-yl)methanesulfonamide and (E)-N (4(3-t-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxy-styryl phenyl)methanesulfonamide.

Anti-infectious pyrimidines and their applications

URACYL OR THYMIN DERIVATIVE TO TREAT HEPATITIS C

Process for preparing n-(6-(3-tert-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1-(2h)-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)naphthalen-2-yl)methanesulfonamide

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

Hydraulic lash adjuster

An eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, a combustion engine comprising the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, and a method of assembling the combustion engine, the combustion engine including a rocker lever having a nose at a distal end thereof, and a bridge bar extending between two valves, the rocker lever configured to apply pressure on the bridge bar to actuate the two valves, and an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster positioned in the nose of the rocker lever; and a fuel injector adjacent to the nose of the rocker lever and the bridge bar, wherein the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster includes a housing having a pivot point and a longitudinal axis offset from the pivot point and is configured to pivot about the pivot point when the rocker lever pivots about the rocket lever shaft, wherein the offset is dimensioned to prevent interference between the nose and the fuel injector.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

PROCESS FOR PREPARING ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compound or salts; and (d) methods of use of such compositions.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

Engine lubrication system

Engine lubrication systems and methods of manufacturing and implementing engine lubrication systems and methods. In particular embodiments, an engine system includes an internal combustion engine lubrication system that utilizes a stacked configuration of a through-bolted engine to pattern around through-bolts and utilizes substantially hollow bulkheads to define a central high-pressure lubrication reservoir that minimizes lube system pressure while maintaining pressure at the extremities of the lubrication circuit. Available space is utilized within the bulkheads to provide a lubrication drainage restriction for reducing lubrication losses at engine shut-down.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Process for producing stereoselective nitro compounds

The present invention relates to producing stereoselective nitro compounds by reacting a dicarbonyl compound with a nitrostyrene compound in the presence of a catalyst complex and a base.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole derivatives and their use as histamine-3 receptor ligands

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, prodrug, or radiolabeled form thereof, wherein R1 is alkyl, C3-C5 cycloalkyl. or (C3-C5 cycloalkyl)methyl; R2a, R2b, R2c, R2d, R2e, and R2f each are independently hydrogen, methyl, or fluoromethyl; R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d each are independently hydrogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, halogen, or nitrile, with the proviso that when one or more of R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d are alkyl, then at least one of R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d is fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, halogen, or nitrile; L1 is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, carbonyl, alkylene,. alkylcarbonyl, alkylamino, -C(=N-Oalkyl)-, NR4, -C(=O) NR4-, or -NR4C(=O)-; R4 is hydrogen or alkyl; Cy1 is aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle; Z is a substituent R6 or a group represented by -L3-Cy3; R6 is hydrogen, acyl, acyloxy, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyimino, alkoxysulfonyl, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkynyl, amido, carboxy, cyano, cycloalkyl, fiuoroalkoxy, haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, mercapto, nitro, alkylthio, amino, NHR7, NR7R8, -N(R7)C(=O)R9, -C(=O)NR7R8, or N(R7)SO2(R10); L3 is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, carbonyl, alkylene, alkylcarbonyl, alkylamino, -C(=N-Oalkyl)-, NR11, -C(=O) NR11-, or -NR11C(=O)-;Cy3 is aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle; R7, R8, R9, R10, and R11 at each occurrence are independently hydrogen,C1-4 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or a (C3-C4 cycloalkyl)amine; are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein.

Hydraulic lash adjuster

An eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, a combustion engine comprising the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster, and a method of assembling the combustion engine, the combustion engine including a rocker lever having a nose at a distal end thereof, and a bridge bar extending between two valves, the rocker lever configured to apply pressure on the bridge bar to actuate the two valves, and an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster positioned in the nose of the rocker lever; and a fuel injector adjacent to the nose of the rocker lever and the bridge bar, wherein the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster includes a housing having a pivot point and a longitudinal axis offset from the pivot point and is configured to pivot about the pivot point when the rocker lever pivots about the rocket lever shaft, wherein the offset is dimensioned to prevent interference between the nose and the fuel injector.

Reduced parasitic lube system

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia , inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Salt and crystalline forms thereof of a drug

A crystalline form of a drug, ways to make it, compositions containing it and methods of treatment of diseases and inhibition of adverse physiological events using it are disclosed.

New vitamin d receptor activators and methods of making

The invention relates to compounds that are vitamin D receptor activators, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of using such compounds and compositions, processes for preparing such compounds, and intermediates obtained during such processes.

Sulfonamides having antiangiogenic and anticancer activity

Compounds having methionine aminopeptidase-2 inhibitory (MetAP2) are described. Also described are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of treatment using the compounds, methods of inhibiting angiogenesis, and methods of treating cancer.

cylinder head for internal combustion engine

resumo "cabeça do cilindro para motor de combustão interna" a presente invenção refere-se a configurações de nervura para aumentar a eficiência estrutural de uma cabeça do cilindro, que se refere a uma capacidade de pressão de pico da combustão da cabeça do cilindro. além de aumentar a pressão de pico da combustão, as configurações de nervura podem também melhorar a ve-dação da cabeça do cilindro e podem melhorar a durabilidade de uma gaxeta asso-ciada da cabeça do cilindro. Abstract "Cylinder Head for Internal Combustion Engine" The present invention relates to rib configurations for increasing the structural efficiency of a cylinder head, which refers to a peak combustion pressure capacity of the cylinder head. In addition to increasing peak combustion pressure, rib configurations can also improve cylinder head gasket and can improve the durability of an associated cylinder head gasket.

Anti-infective pyrimidines and uses thereof

This invention relates to: (a) compounds and salts thereof that, inter alia, inhibit HCV; (b) intermediates useful for the preparation of such compounds and salts; (c) compositions comprising such compounds and salts; (d) methods for preparing such intermediates, compounds, salts, and compositions; (e) methods of use of such compounds, salts, and compositions; and (f) kits comprising such compounds, salts, and compositions.

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyrrole derivatives and their use as histamine-3 receptor ligands

Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole derivatives or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, prodrug, or radiolabeled form thereof, wherein R1 is alkyl, C3-C5 cycloalkyl. or (C3-C5 cycloalkyl)methyl; R2a, R2b, R2c, R2d, R2e, and R2f each are independently hydrogen, methyl, or fluoromethyl; R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d each are independently hydrogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, halogen, or nitrile, with the proviso that when one or more of R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d are alkyl, then at least one of R3a, R3b, R3c, and R3d is fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, halogen, or nitrile; L1 is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, carbonyl, alkylene,. alkylcarbonyl, alkylamino, -C(=N-Oalkyl)-, NR4, -C(=O) NR4-, or -NR4C(=O)-; R4 is hydrogen or alkyl; Cy1 is aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle; Z is a substituent R6 or a group represented by -L3-Cy3; R6 is hydrogen, acyl, acyloxy, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyimino, alkoxysulfonyl, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkynyl, amido, carboxy, cyano, cycloalkyl, fiuoroalkoxy, haloalkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, mercapto, nitro, alkylthio, amino, NHR7, NR7R8, -N(R7)C(=O)R9, -C(=O)NR7R8, or N(R7)SO2(R10); L3 is a bond, oxygen, sulfur, carbonyl, alkylene, alkylcarbonyl, alkylamino, -C(=N-Oalkyl)-, NR11, -C(=O) NR11-, or -NR11C(=O)-;Cy3 is aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle; R7, R8, R9, R10, and R11 at each occurrence are independently hydrogen,C1-4 alkyl, C3-C4 cycloalkyl, or a (C3-C4 cycloalkyl)amine; are useful in treating conditions or disorders prevented by or ameliorated by histamine-3 receptor ligands. Octahydro-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole compounds, methods for using such compounds, compositions for making them, and processes for preparing such compounds are disclosed herein.

Uracil or thymine derivative for treating hepatitis c

Disclosed are Uracil or Thymine derivatives of formula (I) examples of which are: (E)-N-(4-(3-tert-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxystyryl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide; (E)-N-(4-(3-tert-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxystyryl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide (Z)-N-(4-(2-(3-tert-butyl-5-(2,4-dioxotetrahydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)-1-chlorovinyl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide; (E)-1-(3-tert-butyl-5-(4-fluorostyryl)-4-methoxyphenyl) dihydropyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione; The compounds are for use in treating Hepatitis C

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

Systems and methods for coupling a cylinder head to a cylinder block

An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head and a cylinder block. The cylinder head includes a first boss cylinder head conduit portion and a first boss cylinder head cavity portion. The first boss cylinder head conduit portion is configured to receive a first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener. The first boss cylinder head conduit portion has a first diameter. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion is aligned with the first boss cylinder head conduit portion. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion is configured to receive the first fastener without threadably engaging the first fastener. The first boss cylinder head cavity portion has a second diameter greater than the first diameter. The cylinder block is coupled to the cylinder head. The cylinder block includes a first boss cylinder block threaded portion.

Process for preparing antiviral compounds

This disclosure is directed to: (a) processes for preparing an intermediate useful for the preparation of a compound and salts thereof that, inter alia, are useful for inhibiting hepatitis C virus (HCV); (b) an intermediate useful for the preparation of the compound and salts; and (c) pharmaceutical compositions comprising the intermediate or salts.

New Vitamin D Receptor Activators and Manufacturing Methods

Process for preparing antiviral compounds.

Esta descripción se dirige a: (a) un proceso para preparar compuestos y sales de los mismos que, entre otras cosas, son útiles para inhibir el virus de hepatitis C (VHC); (b) intermediarios útiles para la preparación de los compuestos y sales; (c) composiciones farmacéuticas que comprenden los compuestos o sales; y (d) métodos de uso de tales composiciones.

Method for enhancing growth or increasing feed efficiency through reducing binding between endotoxin and its receptor in the gastrointestinal tract

A method for reducing gastrointestinal inflammation, enhancing growth, or improving feed efficiency in a human or non-human animal is disclosed. The method involves administering to the animal an agent that can reduce the formation of the signal transduction complex of endotoxin, TLR4 and CD14 on the cellular surface of a cell in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal. In a preferred embodiment, an antibody against the extracellular domain of TLR4 or CD14 is used to reduce the formation of the complex. A composition that contains the antibody and an ingestible carrier is also disclosed. Further disclosed is a method for producing a peptide for enhancing growth, improving feed efficiency, or both in a human or non-human animal.

Phosphine ligands for catalytic reactions

The disclosure is directed to: (a) phosphacycle ligands; (b) methods of using such phosphacycle ligands in bond forming reactions; and (c) methods of preparing phosphacycle ligands.

Ν-φαινυλ-διοξο-υδροπυριμιδινες χρησιμες ως αναστολεις ιου ηπατιτιδας c (hcv)

Η εφεύρεση αυτή αφορά: (α) Ενώσεις και άλατα αυτών που μεταξύ άλλων, αναστέλλουν HCV, (β) ενδιάμεσα χρήσιμα για την παρασκευή τέτοιων ενώσεων και αλάτων, (γ) συνθέσεις που περιλαμβάνουν τέτοιες ενώσεις και άλατα, (δ) μεθόδους για παρασκευή τέτοιων ενδιαμέσων, ενώσεων, αλάτων και συνθέσεων, (ε) μεθόδους χρήσης τέτοιων ενώσεων, αλάτων και συνθέσεων και (ζ) κιτ που περιλαμβάνουν τέτοιες ενώσεις, άλατα και συνθέσεις. Οι ενώσεις αυτές είναι χρήσιμες στην θεραπεία ηπατίτιδας C και είναι της ακόλουθης γενικής σύνταξης: Τύπος (I)

Cylinder head for internal combustion engine

Cylinder head assemblies for cooling fuel injectors and methods for servicing fuel injectors

Disclosed herein are cylinder head assemblies (100) that include a cylinder head (102) having an injector mounting bore (126) and a coolant passage (130). The injector mounting bore (126) is arranged within the cylinder head body (102) such that a fuel injector (110) is installable in the injector mounting bore (126) through the coolant passage (130) and coolant retained in the coolant passage (130) directly contacts an exposed portion of the fuel injector (110). Sealed engagements of the fuel injector (110) and the cylinder head (102) are provided on opposite sides of the coolant passage (130) to inhibit coolant flow past the sealed engagements.

Remotely mounted idler gear

The present disclosure provides a remote mount for an idler gear assembly, comprising: a gear mounting plate including a plurality of bores configured to receive a corresponding plurality of fasteners to mount a gear assembly to the gear mounting plate; and an attachment bracket including a plurality of mounting openings configured to receive a corresponding plurality of bolts to mount the remote mount to a cylinder head. The gear mounting plate supports the gear assembly such that a gear of the gear assembly rotates about an axis that is parallel to an axis of a crankshaft of an engine and the attachment bracket mounts to an upper surface of the cylinder head.

Als inhibitoren des hepatitis-c-virus (hcv) geeignete n-phenyldioxohydropyrimidine

Eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster for use with compression release brake

A valve train assembly (16) includes a fuel injector (1), an intake rocker lever assembly (10), and an exhaust rocker lever assembly (14). The intake and exhaust rocker lever assemblies (10) can include an eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster (11) that is located in the nose (31) of the respective rocker lever assemblies (10). The rocker lever assemblies (10) are configured to allow a clearance area between a nose (31) of the intake rocker lever assembly (10) and the nose (31) of the exhaust rocker lever assembly (14). As such, the fuel injector (1) can be positioned in the clearance area, while still allowing the eccentric hydraulic lash adjusters to apply a load onto a corresponding valve bridge (2). For example, the eccentric hydraulic lash adjuster (11) can include an outer housing (20) and a pivot ball (21), wherein the pivot ball (21) is positioned at an offset (23) from a lateral centerline of the outer housing (20).