PROCEDURES AND DEVICE FOR THE DETECTION OF KARDIOPULMONÄREN KOMORBIDITÄTEN

Method and apparatus for monitoring heart failure patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities

A system receives signals indicative of cardiopulmonary conditions sensed by a plurality of sensors and provides for monitoring and automated differential diagnosis of the cardiopulmonary conditions based on the signals. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is detected based on one or more signals sensed by implantable sensors. If the cardiogenic pulmonary edema is not detected, obstructive pulmonary disease and restrictive pulmonary disease are each detected based on a forced vital capacity (FVC) parameter and a forced expiratory volume (FEV) parameter measured from a respiratory signal sensed by an implantable or non-implantable sensor. In one embodiment, an implantable medical device senses signals indicative of the cardiopulmonary conditions, and an external system detects the cardiopulmonary conditions based on these signals by executing an automatic detection algorithm.

Implantable inspiratory muscle stimulation system

Method and apparatus for monitoring heart failure patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities

A system receives signals indicative of cardiopulmonary conditions sensed by a plurality of sensors and provides for monitoring and automated differential diagnosis of the cardiopulmonary conditions based on the signals. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is detected based on one or more signals sensed by implantable sensors. If the cardiogenic pulmonary edema is not detected, obstructive pulmonary disease and restrictive pulmonary disease are each detected based on a forced vital capacity (FVC) parameter and a forced expiratory volume (FEV) parameter measured from a respiratory signal sensed by an implantable or non-implantable sensor. In one embodiment, an implantable medical device senses signals indicative of the cardiopulmonary conditions, and an external system detects the cardiopulmonary conditions based on these signals by executing an automatic detection algorithm.

Implantable inspiratory muscle stimulation system

An inspiratory muscle stimulation system uses an implantable medical device to deliver stimulation to control diaphragmatic contractions for slower and deeper breathing, thereby conditioning and strengthening inspiratory muscles. In various embodiments, respiratory and/or cardiac performance are monitored for controlling parameters of the stimulation.

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH MEMBERSHIP VERSION SUPPORT

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. A method for establishing a new cluster membership of computer system nodes sharing direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network and a cluster operating system , comprising:initiating operation of a node;transitioning the node into a nascent state;detecting by the node heartbeat signals from other nodes;transmitting by the node its heartbeat signal;determining whether a sufficient number of heartbeat signals have been detected sufficient to form a viable cluster;determining whether an established cluster exists in response to detecting sufficient nodes to form a viable cluster;receiving at the node a request for information;transitioning the node to a follower state in response to the request;transmitting by the node identification information in response to the request;receiving at the node a membership proposal and information pertaining to all nodes in the proposed membership from a node in a leader state;accepting by the node membership in the cluster;transitioning the node to a stable state.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:transitioning the node to a dead state in response to an insufficient number of nodes to form a cluster.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:transitioning the node to the follower state for cluster membership reestablishment in response to a node in the cluster changing to the leader state.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:transitioning the node to the stable state upon reestablishing the cluster membership.5. The method of ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH DATA VOLUME SNAPSHOT

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. A method for maintaining a copy of a data volume for a computer system for at least one point in time , the method comprising:receiving a read request for at least a portion of at least one of one or more snapshots of a base volume from a requestor;determining that the read request to the at least one or more snapshots includes a region that has changed since a first snapshot was initiated, and includes a region that has not changed since the first snapshot was initiated;reading data from the region that has changed since the first snapshot was initiated from the first snapshot;reading data from the region that has not changed from the base volume; andtransmitting the data from the region that has changed since the first snapshot was initiated and the data from the region that has not changed to the requestor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining that the region that has changed is determined by reading a region modified map.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the region modified map includes a bit representing each region of the base volume claim 2 , and the bit indicates whether data in the region has changed.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the at least one of the one or more snapshots are stored in a repository claim 2 , and the repository is implemented as a filesystem within which space is allocated in blocks.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the blocks are read when determining that the region has changed.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining that ...

Clustered filesystem with data volume snapshot

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

Clustered filesystem with data volume snapshot

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

Clustered filesystem with data volume snapshot maintenance

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR DETEKTION VON KARDIOPULMONÄREN KOMORBIDITÄTEN

Snapshot copy of data volume during data access

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. Access to files on the storage devices is arbitrated by the cluster filesystem using tokens. Upon detection of a change in location of the metadata server, client nodes waiting for a token are interrupted to check on the status of at least one of data and node availability.

Clustered filesystem with interruptible token acquisition

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. Access to files on the storage devices is arbitrated by the cluster filesystem using tokens. Upon detection of a change in location of the metadata server, client nodes waiting for a token are interrupted to check on the status of at least one of data and node availability.

Clustered filesystem with data volume snapshot maintenance

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

Clustered filesystem with membership version support

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. Version information about subsystems is acquired by a leader node when forming a cluster membership and distributed to all nodes in the cluster to enable proper messaging during operation.

Clustered filesystem with membership version support

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. Version information about subsystems is acquired by a leader node when forming a cluster membership and distributed to all nodes in the cluster to enable proper messaging during operation.

Method and apparatus for monitoring heart failure patients with cardiopulmonary comorbidities

A system receives signals indicative of cardiopulmonary conditions sensed by a plurality of sensors and provides for monitoring and automated differential diagnosis of the cardiopulmonary conditions based on the signals. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is detected based on one or more signals sensed by implantable sensors. If the cardiogenic pulmonary edema is not detected, obstructive pulmonary disease and restrictive pulmonary disease are each detected based on a forced vital capacity (FVC) parameter and a forced expiratory volume (FEV) parameter measured from a respiratory signal sensed by an implantable or non-implantable sensor. In one embodiment, an implantable medical device senses signals indicative of the cardiopulmonary conditions, and an external system detects the cardiopulmonary conditions based on these signals by executing an automatic detection algorithm.

Clustered filesystem with data volume snapshot maintenance

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH DATA VOLUME SNAPSHOT MAINTENANCE

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. A method of maintaining a copy of at least one data volume in a computer system for at least one point in time , comprising:initiating creation of a first snapshot of a base volume;establishing a first repository for the first snapshot of the base volume;creating a modified region map, the modified region map including a bit representing each region of the base volume, each bit indicating whether any data in a region has changed;monitoring the base volume for write operations thereto;identifying a write operation to a first region of the base volume;determining whether the modified region map indicates that data has changed in the first region since initiation of the first snapshot; andprior to a write operation to the first region of the base volume, copying the first region of the base volume to the first repository in response to an indication by the modified region map that data in the first region has not been changed since initiation of the first snapshot.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing the write operation to the first region of the base volume;setting a bit in the modified region map corresponding to the first region of the base volume in response to completing the write operation to the first region of the base volume.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing the write operation to the base volume without copying in response to an indication by the modified region map that data in the first region has been changed since initiation of the first snapshot.4. The ...

PHYSIOLOGIC RESPONSE TO POSTURE

An implantable or other ambulatory medical apparatus comprises a posture sensing circuit, a physiologic sensing circuit that senses a time varying physiologic signal, and a processor circuit. The processor circuit includes a posture calculation circuit and a measurement circuit. The posture calculation circuit determines a posture of the subject using posture data obtained using the posture signal and determines when the posture of the subject is steady state. The measurement circuit derives a physiologic measurement using physiologic data extracted from the physiologic signal during at least one time period when posture is determined to be steady state and provides the physiologic measurement to at least one of a user and a process in association with the determined steady state posture. 1. An implantable or other ambulatory medical apparatus comprising:a posture sensing circuit configured to provide a time varying electrical posture signal representative of posture of a subject;a physiologic sensing circuit configured to sense one or more time varying physiologic signals, wherein the physiologic signal includes physiologic information of the subject; and [ determine a posture of the subject using posture data obtained using the posture signal; and', 'determine when the posture of the subject is steady state; and, 'a posture calculation circuit configured to, derive a physiologic measurement using physiologic data extracted from the physiologic signal during at least one time period when posture is determined to be steady state; and', 'provide the physiologic measurement to at least one of a user or process in association with the determined steady state posture., 'a measurement circuit configured to], 'a processor circuit, communicatively coupled to the posture sensing circuit and the physiologic sensing circuit, wherein the processor circuit includes2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the physiologic sensing circuit includes at least one of a respiration sensor ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INSPIRATORY MUSCLE STIMULATION USING IMPLANTABLE DEVICE

An inspiratory muscle stimulation system uses an implantable medical device to deliver stimulation to control diaphragmatic contractions for slower and deeper breathing, thereby conditioning and strengthening inspiratory muscles. In various embodiments, respiratory and/or cardiac performance are monitored for controlling parameters of the stimulation. 1. A method for respiratory control using an implantable medical device , the method comprising:sensing a respiratory signal;detecting events indicative of respiratory cycles using the respiratory signal, the respiratory cycles indicative of an intrinsic respiratory rate;detecting one or more respiratory performance parameters indicative of respiratory performance from the respiratory signal, the one or more respiratory performance parameters including a minute ventilation;delivering stimulation at a stimulation rate approximately equal to the intrinsic respiratory rate for a period of time allowing the respiratory cycles to be under control of the stimulation, the delivery of the stimulation synchronized to the respiratory cycles;decreasing the stimulation rate after the period of time at a rate allowing the respiratory cycles to adapt to the stimulation rate until the stimulation rate reaches a target respiratory rate; anddetermining whether to inhibit the delivery of the stimulation using the one or more respiratory performance parameters including the minute ventilation.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising delivering the stimulation bilaterally to left and right phrenic nerves using stimulation electrodes placed in left and right pericardiophrenic veins.3. The method of claim 2 , comprising delivering the stimulation using first and second implantable transvenous leads each including one or more of the stimulation electrodes.4. The method of claim 3 , comprising using a weight of a distal end of each of the first and second implantable transvenous leads to substantially stabilize the distal end of the each of the ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEMS FOR MIX OF TRUSTED AND UNTRUSTED NODES

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes. 1. A method of operating a cluster of computer system nodes sharing direct read/write access to filesystems , comprising:assigning a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object administered by at least one trusted metadata server node, the mandatory access control label including a first indication of sensitivity and a first indication of integrity;assigning a mandatory access control label having a second indication of sensitivity and a second indication of integrity to each node in the cluster; andpermitting access to the filesystem object by any node in the cluster if the second indication of sensitivity and the second indication of integrity assigned thereto meets criteria defined by the first indication of sensitivity and the first indication of integrity in the mandatory access control label of the filesystem object.2. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein assigning of the mandatory access control label having the second indication of sensitivity and the second indication of integrity to each node uses a filesystem mandatory access control label if previously assigned to the filesystem object when the node requesting access to the filesystem object has no networking mandatory access control label for accessing the filesystem object.3. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein assigning of the mandatory access control label having the second indication of sensitivity and ...

TRANSIENT SENSOR RESPONSE TO POSTURE AS A MEASURE OF PATIENT STATUS

Patient posture information can be received, such as to indicate a change in patient posture by at least a threshold amount. A transient response signal indicative of a change in a physiological parameter can be received at multiple instances near a change in patient posture. Waveform morphology features can be extracted from a transient response signal and used to provide an indication of a cardiac status, such as a heart failure status. 1. An apparatus , comprising: a first data input configured to receive information indicative of a change in posture status;', 'a second data input configured to receive, at multiple instances temporally near the change in posture status, a transient response signal of a physiological parameter in response to the change in posture status; and, 'a processor circuit, including extract a waveform morphology feature from the transient response signal; and', 'provide an indication of a cardiac status using the extracted waveform morphology feature., 'a processor-readable medium, including instructions that, when performed by the processor, configure the apparatus to2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor circuit includes a first data input configured to receive information indicative of a change in posture status claim 1 , wherein the change in posture status includes at least one of a posture change between:a substantially recumbent posture and a substantially upright posture; ora first substantially recumbent posture and a different, second substantially recumbent posture.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor circuit includes a second data input configured to receive claim 1 , at multiple instances temporally near the change in posture status claim 1 , a transient response signal of a physiological parameter in response to the change in posture status claim 1 , wherein the physiological parameter includes at least one of:a heart rate;a blood pressure;a heart sound metric;a heart rate variability;a blood ...

Neural control of central sleep apnea

An apparatus comprises a physiologic sensing circuit and a control circuit. The physiologic sensing circuit is configured to sense an electrical respiration signal representative of respiration of a subject. The control circuit includes a respiration monitor circuit and a therapy circuit. The respiration monitor circuit is configured to extract a respiration parameter from the respiration signal and detect that a value of the respiration parameter is outside of a target value range for the respiration parameter. The therapy circuit is configured to deliver neural stimulation to the carotid sinus of the subject to stimulate respiration and to adjust respiration to maintain the value of the respiration parameter within the target value range.

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR DETECTION OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA UPON EXERTION

Various method embodiments of the present invention concern sensing patient-internal pressure measurements indicative of physiological exertion, identifying one or more steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the patient-internal pressure measurements, sensing extra-cardiac response data and cardiac response data corresponding to the one or more physiological exertion steady state periods, respectively comparing the extra-cardiac response data and the cardiac response data to extra-cardiac response information and cardiac response information associated with equivalent levels of physiological exertion intensity of the one or more steady state periods, and determining the likelihood that myocardial ischemia occurred during the one or more steady state periods based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data to the extra-cardiac response information and the cardiac response data to the cardiac response information. 1. A method of detecting ischemia during exertion , comprising:executing non-transitory machine-executable instructions stored in memory for;obtaining static exertion measurements indicative of static physiological exertion;identifying steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the static exertion measurements;assessing the intensity of physiological exertion for each of the identified steady state periods;sensing extra-cardiac response data during identified physiological exertion steady state periods;sensing cardiac response data during identified physiological exertion steady state periods;comparing the extra-cardiac response data corresponding to identified steady state periods of physiological exertion with extra-cardiac response information associated with equivalent physiological exertion intensity;determining the normalcy of the extra-cardiac response data for each steady state period based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data and the extra-cardiac response information;comparing the cardiac ...

Method and apparatus for tuning an engine by modifying pod filter and method of calibration

A method and apparatus for tuning an engine by a modified pod filter or velocity stack using a tunable pod air filter with base and cap members forming a housing that is joined together by a filter membrane to define a plenum or resonance chamber within the housing that contains only air drawn in through the filter. An aperture in the base member passes air to the inlet of an engine. A tuning sleeve is sealingly engaged within the aperture and extends into the plenum to control air flow out of the plenum and into the engine. The tuning sleeve is tubular with a pattern of vents through its surface to control flow rate. The vents may be drilled, punched or otherwise cut through the sleeve to control air flow. After being vented, the sleeve is reinserted into the filter housing and the filter is installed on the engine.

RESPIRATORY STIMULATION FOR TREATING PERIODIC BREATHING

A system and method for treating and/or preventing is described for treating periodic breathing characterized by cyclical hyperventilation and hypoventilation, examples of which include Cheyne-Stokes respiration and central sleep apnea. The system could also be used in the treatment of other conditions involving an impairment of respiratory drive. 1. A system , comprising:one or more neurostimulators adapted for disposition near nervous or muscular tissue involved with respiration;a control unit interfaced to the neurostimulator;one or more respiratory sensors interfaced to the control unit for detecting respiratory activity;wherein the control unit is programmed to recognize pathological periodic breathing as characterized by cyclical hypoventilation and hyperventilation from the detected respiratory activity;wherein the control unit is programmed to actuate the neurostimulator and deliver compensatory respiratory neurostimulation in a manner that counteracts the periodic breathing by delivering excitatory stimulation to the diaphragm or phrenic nerve in order to augment respiratory drive during hypoventilation and delivering inhibitory stimulation to the diaphragm or phrenic nerve in order to diminish respiration during hyperventilation.2. The system of further comprising an accelerometer for measuring activity level and wherein the control unit is programmed to coordinate the magnitude of the compensatory respiratory neurostimulation to match metabolic demand as indicated by the measured activity level.3. The system of wherein the control unit is programmed to:monitor respiratory activity until some specified number N cycles of alternating hypoventilation and hyperventilation are detected indicating periodic breathing;if N cycles of alternating hypoventilation and hyperventilation are detected, deliver excitatory respiratory stimulation during an episode of hypoventilation that increases the depth and frequency of respiration and deliver inhibitory respiratory ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DISTRESSING AN EDGE OF A MATERIAL

An apparatus including a support for supporting a material having at least one edge, an edge cutter head, and an edge cutter head support for supporting the edge cutter head. In response to the edge cutter head and the at least one edge of the material being brought into cutting contact and moved relative to each other, a resulting portion of the at least one edge of the material is distressed. 1. An apparatus comprising:a support for supporting a material having at least one edge;an edge cutter head; andan edge cutter head support for supporting the edge cutter head; whereinin response to the edge cutter head and the at least one edge of the material being brought into cutting contact and moved relative to each other, a resulting portion of the at least one edge of the material is distressed.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the edge cutter head includes a pivotable blade holder.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein an orientation of the blade holder is selectably set by at least one plunger.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the blade holder is movably secured by the at least one plunger.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the at least one plunger is adjustable.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the edge cutter head includes a depth control device.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the depth control device includes a first portion and a second portion.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein depth control is achieved by selectably directing the first portion away from or toward the second portion.9. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the blade holder includes a recess to receive the blade.10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the blade includes a plurality of cutting edges.11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the blade has four cutting edges.12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the blade is substantially square.13. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the blade includes a first surface separated from a surface of the material by an acute mount ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH DATA VOLUME SNAPSHOT

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. A method for recovering a viable quorum cluster of computers , the method comprising:detecting a failed node in an initial viable quorum cluster by at least one node in the viable cluster when a member of the viable quorum cluster fails;disabling message channels by the at least one node between the at least one node and the failed node after detecting the failed node;disconnecting membership in the viable quorum cluster by the at least one node after disabling message channels after detecting the failed node;blocking new nodes from joining the membership of the viable quorum cluster after detecting the failed node; andsending a withdrawal request from one node in the viable cluster to other nodes in the viable cluster when one node intends to deactivate from the viable quorum cluster in an orderly fashion.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:establishing a new membership of the viable quorum cluster;sending an acknowledgement to the node that requested withdrawal from membership; andtransitioning the node that requested withdrawal from membership to a shutdown state.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:upgrading software on the node previously in the shutdown state.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:entering the nascent state by the node previously in the shutdown state;sending heartbeat signals from the node in the nascent state; andthe node in the nascent state joining the viable quorum cluster.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:flushing credentials of the failed node; ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEMS FOR MIX OF TRUSTED AND UNTRUSTED NODES

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes. 1. A method for recovery of a failed node , the method comprising:interrupting threads processing messages from a failed node that are waiting for tokens to be returned;sending interrupts to one or more threads that are processing messages from the failed node and that are waiting for the token state to stabilize;sending interrupts to one or more threads that are attempting to lend tokens and that are waiting for the token state to stabilize; andsending interrupts to one or more threads forced offline because of an error and that are waiting for the token state to stabilize.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining, by the threads which have sent interrupts and that are waiting for the token state to stabilize, whether the threads are allowed to wait before being interrupted.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:waking one or more sleeping threads;checking the token state of the awoken threads;comparing the token state of each of the awoken threads to a previous state of the awoken thread;determining, for each respective woken thread, if the state of each respective awoken thread has changed from a previous state; andsetting each respective awoken thread having a state that has not changed in a sleep state.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:returning partial results to token functions for each of the respective awoken threads with an early state.5. The method of claim 4 , further ...

MULTI-SENSOR STRATEGY FOR HEART FAILURE PATIENT MANAGEMENT

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event is indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules. 1. A system comprising:a plurality of sensors, each sensor configured to provide a sensor signal that includes physiological information; a physiological change event detection module configured to: detect a physiological change event from a sensor signal; and produce an indication of occurrence of one or more physiological change events; and', 'a heart failure (HF) detection module configured to: determine whether the detected physiological change events are indicative of a change in HF status using a first rule: determine whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rule; and generate an indication of whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules., 'a processor, communicatively coupled to the sensors, wherein the processor includes2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first rule includes indicating a change in HF status when a majority of a set of detectable physiological change events is detected.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the second rule includes:overriding a negative first rule HF determination according to a specificity of a detected physiological change event; andoverriding a positive first rule HF determination according to ...

Inspection of Traffic via SDN

A method and related apparatus for performing inspection of flows within a software defined network includes identifying a security appliance within a software defined network, identifying candidate traffic flows flowing in the software defined network to be inspected, selecting one of the candidate traffic flows for security inspection, and communicating with a software defined network controller to cause the one of the candidate traffic flows to be redirected towards the security appliance for inspection or to cause the one of the candidate traffic flows to be copied and a resulting copy thereof forwarded to the security appliance for inspection. 1. A method comprising:identifying a security appliance within a software defined network;identifying candidate traffic flows flowing in the software defined network to be inspected;selecting one of the candidate traffic flows for security inspection; andcommunicating with a software defined network controller to cause the one of the candidate traffic flows to be redirected towards the security appliance for inspection or to cause the one of the candidate traffic flows to be copied and a resulting copy thereof forwarded to the security appliance for inspection.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , before selecting one of the candidate flows for inspection claim 1 , determining whether the security appliance has sufficient capacity to inspect traffic within the software defined network.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting one of the candidate traffic flows comprises selecting the one of the candidate traffic flows based on an application associated with the one of the candidate traffic flows.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting one of the candidate traffic flows comprises selecting the one of the candidate traffic flows based on a user associated with the one of the candidate traffic flows.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting one of the candidate traffic flows comprises selecting ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEMS FOR MIX OF TRUSTED AND UNTRUSTED NODES

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes. 1. A method for controlling access to data , the method comprising:receiving a request by a server from a first client node of a plurality of client nodes to update an access control list attribute;sending a message to one or more other client nodes of the plurality of client nodes that have a read token of one or more read tokens, wherein the message sent to the one or more other client nodes instructs the one or more other client nodes to release the one or more read tokens, wherein the releasing of the one or more read tokens invalidates information cached at the one or more other client nodes regarding the access control list attribute;updating the content of the access control list attribute according to the received request;receiving a request from a second client node of the plurality of client nodes for a current content of an access control list, wherein the current content of the access control list includes the updated access control list attribute; andproviding a read token and the current content of the access control list to the second client node after receiving the request from the second client node, wherein the read token provided to the second client node identifies that the current content of the access control list provided to the second client node is valid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the access control list attribute is associated with a short form structure and a long form structure.3. ...

System and method for detecting worsening of heart failure based on rapid shallow breathing index

Systems and methods for detecting a worsening of patient's heart failure condition based, at least in part, on an increasing trend in a representative rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) value over multiple days. The RSBI value may be a minimum RSBI, and more particularly may be a minimum RSBI value determined for an afternoon portion of each of the multiple days. The minimum RSBI value measured during an afternoon portion of the day may be more sensitive to changes in a patient's respiration, particularly when a patient is expected to be more active, and thus, may more readily exhibit an increasing trend when patient's heart failure is in decline.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING WORSENING OF HEART FAILURE BASED ON TIDAL VOLUME

Systems and methods for detecting a worsening of a patient's heart failure condition based, at least in part, on a declining trend in a representative tidal volume value over multiple days. The tidal volume value may be a maximum tidal volume, and more particularly, a maximum tidal volume determined for an afternoon portion of each of the multiple days or a selected portion of each of the multiple days that excludes a night portion. The maximum tidal volume during these portions of the day may be more sensitive to changes in a patient's respiration, particularly when a patient is expected to be more active, and thus, may more readily exhibit a declining trend when the patient's heart failure status is in decline. 1. A system for monitoring a progression of heart failure in a patient , the system comprising:a sensor configured to provide one or more signals indicative of respiration of a patient; determine a plurality of tidal volume measurements during each of a plurality of twenty-four hour periods using the one or more signals indicative of the respiration of the patient;', 'determine a tidal volume value for a selected portion of each of a plurality of the twenty-four hour periods based, at least in part, on one or more of the corresponding plurality of the tidal volume measurements;', 'determine a first tidal volume aggregate based, at least in part, on the tidal volume measurements that fall within a first time window having a first duration;', 'determine a second tidal volume aggregate based, at least in part, on the tidal volume measurements that fall within a second time window having a second duration, wherein the first duration is different than the second duration;', 'determine a relationship between the first tidal volume aggregate determined for the first time window and the second tidal volume aggregate determined for the second time window; and, 'circuitry coupled to the sensor, the circuitry configured toan output coupled to the circuitry for ...

Systems and methods of navigation using a sextant and an electronic artificial horizon

Systems and methods for navigation using a sextant and an electronic artificial horizon are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for determining a position of an observer includes: establishing a horizontal position of an artificial horizon mirror based on at least one accelerometer; aligning a sextant toward a celestial body; and measuring an altitude angle of the celestial body at least in part based on a portion of light from the celestial body being reflected from the artificial horizon mirror onto the sextant.

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH MEMBERSHIP VERSION SUPPORT

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. A method for establishing cluster membership of computer system nodes sharing read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network , the method comprising:sending a withdrawal request from a node in a viable quorum cluster to two or more other nodes in the viable quorum cluster when the node is scheduled to withdraw from the viable quorum cluster; andreceiving a confirmation that the node has withdrawn from membership in the viable quorum cluster after sending the withdrawal request.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving an acknowledgement at the node before the node withdraws from the viable quorum cluster, wherein the acknowledgement indicates that a new membership of the viable quorum cluster has been established including at least two nodes of the two or more other nodes.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the node withdraws from the membership in the viable quorum cluster by transitioning to a shutdown state.4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising upgrading a software program on the node.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:entering a nascent state by the node;sending heartbeat signals from the node in the nascent state; andthe node joining the viable quorum cluster.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:transmitting version tags from the node, wherein the version tags correspond to a version level of a function supported by the node.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the version tags correspond to a message format compatible with the version level of the ...

CLUSTERED FILESYSTEM WITH MEMBERSHIP VERSION SUPPORT

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume. 1. (canceled)2. A method for maintaining a copy of a data volume , the method comprising:creating a first repository for storing file system data that is associated with a file system data volume stored in a persistent memory at a first time;creating a first map that includes a first set of entries that are associated with the file system data volume stored in the persistent memory at the first time, wherein each respective entry of the first set of entries of the first map identify whether a particular region of a plurality of regions of the file system data volume has changed since the first time;preventing the new write to the file system data volume from proceeding based on the identifying that the first region of the file system data volume is still in the initial state;copying data from the first region of the file system data volume to the first data repository;allowing the new write to the file system data volume to proceed after the data from the first region of the file system data volume has been copied to the first data repository; andchanging a state associated with a first entry in the first map from the initial state to a changed state after the new write to the file system data volume has completed.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:receiving a read command from a requestor;identifying that the read command addresses data that is associated with the first region;identifying that data associated with the first region has changed since the first time;reading the data associated with the ...

HEART FAILURE EVENT DETECTION AND RISK STRATIFICATION USING HEART SOUND

Devices and methods for detecting heart failure (HF) events or identifying patient at elevated risk of developing future HF events are described. A medical device can detect contextual condition associated with a patient, such as an environmental context or a physiologic context, sense a heart sound signal, and perform multiple measurements of heart sound features in response to the detected patient contextual condition meeting specified criterion. The contextual condition includes information correlating to or indicative of a change in metabolic demand of a patient. The medical device can use the physiologic signals to calculate one or more signal metrics indicative of diastolic function of the heart such as a trend of the heart sound features. The medical device can use the signal metrics to detect an HF event or to predict the likelihood of the patient later developing an HF event. 1. A system , comprising: a context detector circuit configured to detect contextual condition associated with a patient, the contextual condition including information correlating to or indicative of a change in metabolic demand of a patient;', 'a heart sound analyzer circuit configured to sense from the patient a vibratory or acoustic heart sound (HS) signal, generate one or more HS features using the sensed HS signal, and perform a plurality of HS measurements of the one or more HS features in response to the detected patient contextual condition meeting a specified criterion;', 'a target event indicator generator circuit configured to calculate one or more signal metrics indicative of diastolic function of a heart of the patient using the plurality of HS measurements, the signal metrics including a trend of the one or more HS features; and', 'a physiologic event detector circuit coupled to the target event indicator generator circuit, the physiologic event detector circuit configured to detect a target physiologic event using the one or more signal metrics., 'an ambulatory medical ...

MULTI-SENSOR STRATEGY FOR HEART FAILURE PATIENT MANAGEMENT

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event is indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules. 1. A system comprising:a plurality of sensors, each sensor configured to provide a sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal includes physiological information; at least one of the sensors;', 'a sampling circuit, communicatively coupled to the implantable sensors, configured to provide a sampled sensor signal; and', 'a first communication circuit, communicatively coupled to the sampling circuit, configured to communicate the sampled sensor signal to a second device; and, 'an implantable device comprising a second communication circuit configured to communicate with the implantable device; and', [ detect a physiological change event from a sensor signal including at least one sampled sensor signal communicated from the implantable device; and', 'produce an indication of occurrence of one or more physiological change events; and, 'a physiological change event detection module configured to, determine whether the detected physiological change events are indicative of a change in HF status using a first rule;', 'determine whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rule; and', 'generate an indication of whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second ...

DETECTION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE EXACERBATIONS FROM BREATHING PATTERNS

An apparatus may include a sensing circuit and a processor. The sensing circuit is configured to generate a sensed physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes respiration information of a subject. The processor includes an end expiratory volume (EEV) module configured to determine a value of EEV of the subject using the sensed physiological signal, and a lung hyperinflation detection module configured to generate an indication of lung hyperinflation of the subject according to the value of EEV and provide the indication to at least one of a user or process. 1. An apparatus comprising:a sensing circuit configured to generate a sensed physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes respiration information of a subject; an end expiratory volume (EEV) module configured to determine a value of EEV of the subject using the sensed physiological signal; and', 'a lung hyperinflation detection module configured to generate an indication of lung hyperinflation of the subject according to the value of EEV and provide the indication to at least one of a user or process., 'a processor including2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sensing circuit includes a thoracic impedance sensing circuit configured to generate a sensed thoracic impedance signal that varies with breathing of the subject claim 1 , wherein the EEV module is configured to determine the value of EEV using the thoracic impedance signal.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sensing circuit includes an implantable thoracic impedance sensing circuit claim 1 , wherein the EEV module is configured to detect an expiration portion of the breathing cycle of the subject using the respiration information claim 1 , determine a value of thoracic impedance at the end of the expiration portion claim 1 , and determine the value of EEV using the value of thoracic impedance.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sensing circuit includes at least one of a displacement sensing circuit ...

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE DRUG TITRATION AND MANAGEMENT

A system may include a port, at least one sensing circuit, and at least one processor. The port is configured to receive an indication of dosing of medication to treat a pulmonary condition of a heart failure (HF) subject and the at least one sensing circuit configured to sense at least one physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes physiological information of the HF subject. The at least one processor includes a parameter module configured to extract values of at least one physiological parameter indicative of health status of the HF subject, and a trending module configured to trend extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter and detect an effect of the dosing of the medication on the HF subject using the trending of the extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter. 1. A system comprising:a port configured to receive an indication of dosing of medication to treat a pulmonary condition of a heart failure (HF) subject;at least one sensing circuit configured to sense at least one physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes physiological information of the HF subject; and a parameter module configured to extract values of at least one physiological parameter indicative of health status of the HF subject; and', 'a trending module configured to trend extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter and detect an effect of the dosing of the medication on the HF subject using the trending of the extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter., 'at least one processor including2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensing circuit includes a respiration sensing circuit configured to sense a respiration signal that includes respiration information of the HF subject claim 1 ,wherein the parameter module is configured to extract a value of a respiration parameter of the HF subject using the respiration signal, andwherein the trending module is configured to trend values of the ...

MULTI-SENSOR STRATEGY FOR HEART FAILURE PATIENT MANAGEMENT

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules. 1. (canceled)2. A method of controlling operation of a medical device system , the method comprising:sensing a plurality of separate physiologic sensor signals produced using a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor signal includes physiological information;detecting a physiological change event from a sensor signal;determining whether the detected physiological change events are indicative of a change in heart failure (HF) status using a first device-based rule applied to the physiological change events;determining whether to rule out a positive first rule HF determination using a second device-based rule applied to at least one of the physiological change events;generating an indication of whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules; andpresenting a change to patient therapy according to the generated indication.3. The method of claim 2 , including:sampling the plurality of separate physiologic sensor signals using a first medical device;communicating the sampled physiological sensor signals from the first medical device to a second separate medical device; andusing the second medical device, detecting the physiological change event from the sampled ...

Transient sensor response to posture as a measure of patient status

Patient posture information can be received, such as to indicate a change in patient posture by at least a threshold amount. A transient response signal indicative of a change in a physiological parameter can be received at multiple instances near a change in patient posture. Waveform morphology features can be extracted from a transient response signal and used to provide an indication of a cardiac status, such as a heart failure status.

Orchestrating the Use of Network Resources in Software Defined Networking Applications

Techniques are presented herein that allow for arranging traffic flows in a network, and using the capabilities for inspection, recording, and enforcement around the network, in a way that makes the best use of the resources. A software defined network (SDN) interface between the network and security applications exposes a programmatic way to control security resources around the network such that they are optimally utilized. The SDN interface prioritizes and optimizes the use of security elements in the network. Security requests with corresponding priorities are used by a network controller to direct traffic flows through appropriate security elements, such as recording, inspection, or enforcement elements. The configuration of traffic flows is optimized with respect to the capacity of the communication links, as well as the priority of the respective security requests. 1. A method comprising:receiving one or more requests for one or more services related to communication flows in a computer network, each of the one or more requests including an indication of a particular communication flow and an indication of a particular service to perform on the particular communication flow;determining at least one network element in the computer network that performs at least one of the one or more services; andselecting network paths for each of the communication flows to complete at least one of the one or more received requests by selecting a particular network path for each particular communication flow such that the particular network path includes a particular network element determined to perform the particular service corresponding to the at least one of the received requests.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more received requests includes an associated priority value claim 1 , and selecting the network paths further comprises minimizing a metric based on associated priority values of the one or more received requests.3. The method of claim 2 , ...

Apparatus for detection of myocardial ischemia upon exertion

Various method embodiments of the present invention concern sensing patient-internal pressure measurements indicative of physiological exertion, identifying one or more steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the patient-internal pressure measurements, sensing extra-cardiac response data and cardiac response data corresponding to the one or more physiological exertion steady state periods, respectively comparing the extra-cardiac response data and the cardiac response data to extra-cardiac response information and cardiac response information associated with equivalent levels of physiological exertion intensity of the one or more steady state periods, and determining the likelihood that myocardial ischemia occurred during the one or more steady state periods based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data to the extra-cardiac response information and the cardiac response data to the cardiac response information.

Methods and apparatuses for detection of myocardial ischemia upon exertion

Various method embodiments of the present invention concern sensing patient-internal pressure measurements indicative of physiological exertion, identifying one or more steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the patient-internal pressure measurements, sensing extra-cardiac response data and cardiac response data corresponding to the one or more physiological exertion steady state periods, respectively comparing the extra-cardiac response data and the cardiac response data to extra-cardiac response information and cardiac response information associated with equivalent levels of physiological exertion intensity of the one or more steady state periods, and determining the likelihood that myocardial ischemia occurred during the one or more steady state periods based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data to the extra-cardiac response information and the cardiac response data to the cardiac response information.

Methods and apparatuses for detection of myocardial ischemia upon exertion

Various method embodiments of the present invention concern sensing patient-internal pressure measurements indicative of physiological exertion, identifying one or more steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the patient-internal pressure measurements, sensing extra-cardiac response data and cardiac response data corresponding to the one or more physiological exertion steady state periods, respectively comparing the extra-cardiac response data and the cardiac response data to extra-cardiac response information and cardiac response information associated with equivalent levels of physiological exertion intensity of the one or more steady state periods, and determining the likelihood that myocardial ischemia occurred during the one or more steady state periods based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data to the extra-cardiac response information and the cardiac response data to the cardiac response information.

Turn-to-turn grooved insulating tube and transformer including same

A turn-to-turn grooved insulating tube includes a tubular member having a substantially continuous rib helix formed on an outer surface. The rib helix defines a substantially continuous helical groove for receiving a conductor for forming a coil of a transformer.

Improvements to mending machines and the like

Apparatus and method for distressing an edge of a material

An apparatus including a support for supporting a material (12) having at least one edge (15), an edge cutter head (16), and an edge cutler head support for supporting the edge cutter head, in response to the edge cutter head and the at least one edge of the material being brought into cutting contact and moved relative to each other, a resulting portion of the at least one edge (15) of the material is distressed.

High spatial resolution matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (maldi)

Disclosed is an invention that provides a system and process for focusing light to micron and submicron spot sizes for matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). Moreover, the present invention features a second process and system for creating a correlated optical image of the ion desorption region of a sample substrate.

Periodic breathing during activity

An implantable respiration monitor can detect disordered breathing events that can be categorized, such as according to one or more of sleep, exercise, and resting awake states. The categorized frequency of such events can be compared to independently specifiable thresholds, such as to trigger an alert or responsive therapy, or to display one or more trends. The information can be combined with detection of one or more other congestive heart failure (CHF) symptoms to generate a CHF status indicator or to trigger an alarm or responsive. The alert can notify the patient or a caregiver, such as via remote monitoring. Respiration patterns from one or more of the activity states can be used to establish model of disordered breathing to which further respiration data can be compared for identifying periods of disordered breathing. Such identification can trigger an alert or response to therapy, or to display one or more trends.

Physiologic response to posture

An implantable or other ambulatory medical apparatus comprises a posture sensing circuit, a physiologic sensing circuit that senses a time varying physiologic signal, and a processor circuit. The processor circuit includes a posture calculation circuit and a measurement circuit. The posture calculation circuit determines a posture of the subject using posture data obtained using the posture signal and determines when the posture of the subject is steady state. The measurement circuit derives a physiologic measurement using physiologic data extracted from the physiologic signal during at least one time period when posture is determined to be steady state and provides the physiologic measurement to at least one of a user and a process in association with the determined steady state posture.

Turn-to-turn grooved insulating tube and transformer including same.

Un tubo aislante ranurado de vuelta-a-vuelta incluye un miembro tubular que tiene un reborde en hélice substancialmente continuo formado en una superficie externa. El reborde en hélice define una ranura helicoidal substancialmente continua para recibir a un conductor para formar una bobina de un transformador.

Detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations from breathing patterns

An apparatus includes a sensing circuit and a processor. The sensing circuit is configured to generate a sensed physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes respiration information of a subject. The processor includes an end expiratory volume (EEV) module configured to determine a value of EEV of the subject using the sensed physiological signal, and a lung hyperinflation detection module configured to generate an indication of lung hyperinflation of the subject according to the value of EEV and provide the indication to at least one of a user or process.

Apparatus and method for distressing an edge of a material

An apparatus including a support for supporting a material having at least one edge, an edge cutter head, and an edge cutter head support for supporting the edge cutter head. In response to the edge cutter head and the at least one edge of the material being brought into cutting contact and moved relative to each other, a resulting portion of the at least one edge of the material is distressed.

Respiratory stimulation for treating periodic breathing

A system and method for treating and/or preventing is described for treating periodic breathing characterized by cyclical hyperventilation and hypoventilation, examples of which include Cheyne-Stokes respiration and central sleep apnea. The system could also be used in the treatment of other conditions involving an impairment of respiratory drive.

Titanium anodizing process

Physiologic response to posture

An implantable or other ambulatory medical apparatus comprises a posture sensing circuit, a physiologic sensing circuit that senses a time varying physiologic signal, and a processor circuit. The processor circuit includes a posture calculation circuit and a measurement circuit. The posture calculation circuit determines a posture of the subject using posture data obtained using the posture signal and determines when the posture of the subject is steady state. The measurement circuit derives a physiologic measurement using physiologic data extracted from the physiologic signal during at least one time period when posture is determined to be steady state and provides the physiologic measurement to at least one of a user and a process in association with the determined steady state posture.

Touch off probe

In a first preferred embodiment a transmitting acoustic transducer mounted on the tool axis or spindle of a grinding tool affords a method for pre-contact recognition and control (touch-off) independent of tool grit, workpiece material, and all natural machining frequencies. The transmitting transducer such as a piezoelectric polymer or crystal generates a selected frequency of approximately 1-5 MHz. As the tool enters a lubricating plume surrounding the workpiece, the ultrasonic transmission couples through the fluid interface to the workpiece. A receiving transducer mounted on the optical workpiece gives a unequivocal and rapid detection of the transmission by a highly filtered(band pass) receiving transducer before the tool contacts the workpiece. In a second preferred embodiment, a photoacoustic laser excites a modulated frequency to the grinding tool and to the receiving transducer. Alternatively, the resonant frequency (approximately 300 KHz) of the grinding tool can be detected by the receiving transducer.

Apparatus and method for distressing an edge of a material

Multi-sensor strategy for heart failure patient management

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event is indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules.

Transformer winding

A transformer conductor is shaped so as to compensate for the deformation that occurs when the conductor is bent through a small radius of curvature. The shape in cross-section of the conductor may take the form of a chamfered rectangle.

Respiratory stimulation for treating periodic breathing

A system and method for treating and/or preventing is described for treating periodic breathing characterized by cyclical hyperventilation and hypoventilation, examples of which include Cheyne-Stokes respiration and central sleep apnea. The system could also be used in the treatment of other conditions involving an impairment of respiratory drive.

Electrical control apparatus

Systems and methods for monitoring pulmonary edema dynamics

This document discusses, among other things, systems and methods for measuring the dynamics of pulmonary congestion in heart failure subjects over time to monitor the subjects susceptibility to pulmonary edema, including sensing and receiving information indicative of a bodily pressure and information indicative of pulmonary fluid, and using the transient responses of these measurements to compute parameters related to the dynamics of thoracic fluid accumulation, such as a critical pressure (P c ), a critical time (T c ), or a filtration index (K fi ).

Methods and apparatus for detection of myocardial ischemia upon exertion

Various method embodiments of the present invention concern sensing patient- internal pressure measurements indicative of physiological exertion, identifying one or more steady state periods of physiological exertion based on the patient-internal pressure measurements, sensing extra-cardiac response data and cardiac response data corresponding to the one or more physiological exertion steady state periods, respectively comparing the extra-cardiac response data and the cardiac response data to extra-cardiac response information and cardiac response information associated with equivalent levels of physiological exertion intensity of the one or more steady state periods, and determining the likelihood that myocardial ischemia occurred during the one or more steady state periods based on the comparison of the extra-cardiac response data to the extra-cardiac response information and the cardiac response data to the cardiac response information.

Multi-sensor strategy for heart failure patient management

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event is indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules.

Transformer assembly having cooling fins and method of providing same

A transformer assembly comprises a tank body enclosing a transformer and a cooling liquid. A cooling collar is fixedly attached to the outer surface of the tank body. The cooling collar is formed separately from the tank body in a corrugated shape so as to be elastically expandably mounted onto the tank body. The collar is attached to the tank body by a thermally conductive epoxy. The corrugations of the collar define cooling fins for dissipating heat from the tank body. The cooling collar can be of one-piece or multi-piece construction, the latter comprising a plurality of collar segments hooked together in end-to-end fashion.

Clustered filesystem with membership version support

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

Messaging between heterogeneous clients of a storage area network

A cluster of computer system nodes connected by a storage area network transmit messages using a messaging protocol having multiple layers. The storage area network supports computer system nodes running different operating systems on different endian processors. A heartbeat signal is transmitted in a common wire format over the lowest level of the messaging protocol; however other messages between the nodes may be transmitted in a format different from the common wire format. The node receiving a message is responsible for converting the format as necessary in a layer just above the layer of the messaging protocol handling heartbeat signals. However, conversion may be performed by the sending node if the sending node knows the format used by the receiving node.

Improvements relating to telephone systems

926,684. Automatic exchange systems. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Nov. 10, 1961 [Dec. 20, 1960], No. 43772/60. Class 40 (4). In a system providing four-wire switching and phantom circuit direct current signalling over the go and return transmission paths, a selector circuit for setting up a through connection between two outgoing junctions or trunks (e.g. by an operator in response to a booked call) includes isolating transformers T1 and T2 connected respectively in the go and return paths and effective for splitting each of these paths into two longitudinal sections as regards the flow of direct current therein, each of the windings of the isolating transformers having a centre-tapping to which is applied a potential different from a potential applied to a centretapping C or D of a hybrid or other transformer winding terminating the corresponding section of the transmission path so that direct current can flow through each of the legs of the transmission paths of the connection. The object of this arrangement is to maintain the flow of contact-wetting direct current and the correct operation of pad-switching relays despite the reversal of go and return paths involved/in a connection of this type.

Telephone systems

Particle generator

Particle generator

Particle generator

Energy tunable solid state sources of neutral particles are described. In a disclosed embodiment, a halogen particle source includes a solid halide sample, a photon source positioned to deliver photons to a surface of the halide, and a collimating means positioned to accept a spatially defined plume of hyperthermal halogen particles emitted from the sample surface.

Particle generator

Particle generator

Energy tunable solid state sources of neutral particles are described. In a disclosed embodiment, a halogen particle source includes a solid halide sample, a photon source positioned to deliver photons to a surface of the halide, and a collimating means positioned to accept a spatially defined plume of hyperthermal halogen particles emitted from the sample surface.

Myocardial contractile reserve measured during activities of daily living

A contractile reserve indicator, corresponding to a predicted value of a maximum change in myocardial contractility that can be achieved by a subject, can be determined using a detected indication of cardiac contractility across various different physical activity levels.

Preparation of titanium phosphate crystals

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur detektion von kardiopulmonären komorbiditäten

Door stop

Monitoring physiological responses to steady state activity

Door catch

Wrapped bundle of smoking article

Paquete que comprende un conjunto de artículos para fumar y una cajetilla exterior, en que los articulos para fumar estan dispuestos con sus ejes longitudinales paralel0s entre si y envueltos en una lamina en angulo oblicuo en relacion a tales ejes y en un plano paralel0 a las paredes superior e inferior de la cajetilla

Paquete de artículos para fumar con un conjunto de artículos y una cajetilla exterior, el conjunto estando envuelto en una lámina de material envolvente que se extiende sobre un extremo de los artículos para fumar, la cajetilla exterior comprende paredes superiores e inferiores que yacen en un plano paralelo al plano del material envolvente.

Wrapped bundle of smoking articles

A bundle of smoking articles (1) for insertion into a smoking article pack is disclosed. The smoking articles (1) are arranged in rows with their longitudinal axes parallel to each other. The bundle is enclosed in a sheet of wrapping material (2) such that a portion of said wrapping material (2) that extends over an end of the smoking articles (3) lies in a plane at an oblique angle relative to the longitudinal axes of the smoking articles (3).

Wrapped bundle of smoking articles

A bundle of smoking articles (1) for insertion into a smoking article pack is disclosed. The smoking articles (1) are arranged in rows with their longitudinal axes parallel to each other. The bundle is enclosed in a sheet of wrapping material (2) such that a portion of said wrapping material (2) that extends over an end of the smoking articles (3) lies in a plane at an oblique angle relative to the longitudinal axes of the smoking articles (3).

Implantable inspiratory muscle stimulation system

An inspiratory muscle stimulation system uses an implantable medical device to deliver stimulation to control diaphragmatic contractions for slower and deeper breathing, thereby conditioning and strengthening inspiratory muscles. In various embodiments, respiratory and/or cardiac performance are monitored for controlling parameters of the stimulation.

Square loop ferromagnetic material

Monitoring physiological responses to steady state activity

Systems and methods monitor physiological responses to steady state activity. In an example, a physical activity signal is detected from a human or animal subject using an implantable medical device. A different, other physiological signal is also detected from the subject using the implantable medical device. The physical activity signal is processed to define first and second time periods associated with first and second steady-state physical activity levels of the subject. A first indicator is obtained by combining data from the other physiological signal obtained during the first time period. A second indicator is obtained by combining data from the other physiological signal obtained during the second time period. The first and second indicators are used provide a resulting indicator.

Square loop ferromagnetic material

Phototransistor modulating apparatus

Fuel injection nozzle

Implantable inspiratory muscle stimulation system

An inspiratory muscle stimulation system uses an implantable medical device to deliver stimulation to control diaphragmatic contractions for slower and deeper breathing, thereby conditioning and strengthening inspiratory muscles. In various embodiments, respiratory and/or cardiac performance are monitored for controlling parameters of the stimulation.

Schaltungsanordnung fuer eine Rueckruf-Durchgangsverbindung zwischen abgehenden Fernsprechverbindungsleitungen

System for detecting worsening of heart failure based on rapid shallow breathing index

Clustered File System for Mix of Trusted and Untrusted Nodes

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes.

Recovery of escaped oxygen from earth using cyclotron sytems for the creation of energy, water, and a breathable atmosphere on mars, the moon, or inner planets

NASA, ESA, and Japanese Space Agency (JAXA) have undertaken studies (e.g., “Lunar Ice-Trap ISRU Mining, Processing and Storage Infrastructure: An infrastructure that mines and breaks down lunar ice into oxygen and hydrogen fuel”) to determine likely sources of water and oxygen for human colonies on Mars or Moon. Some of these studies are university-level research through fund allocations for departmental research, or through student interest in space exploration. Other studies are conducted at national levels through space agencies and through privately funded space probes. One of these studies was executed by the JAXA determined the source of the lunar-ice on the Moon (from the Kaguya/ZELENE lunar probe). JAXA estimated that 90 metric tons of Earth's atmosphere escapes per day with oxygen ions reaching energies of between 1 keV and 10 keV.

Clustered file system for mix of trusted and untrusted nodes

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes.

Transient sensor response to posture as a measure of patient status

Patient posture information can be received, such as to indicate a change in patient posture by at least a threshold amount. A transient response signal indicative of a change in a physiological parameter can be received at multiple instances near a change in patient posture. Waveform morphology features can be extracted from a transient response signal and used to provide an indication of a cardiac status, such as a heart failure status.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease drug titration and management

A system may include a port, at least one sensing circuit, and at least one processor. The port is configured to receive an indication of dosing of medication to treat a pulmonary condition of a heart failure (HF) subject and the at least one sensing circuit configured to sense at least one physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes physiological information of the HF subject. The at least one processor includes a parameter module configured to extract values of at least one physiological parameter indicative of health status of the HF subject, and a trending module configured to trend extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter and detect an effect of the dosing of the medication on the HF subject using the trending of the extracted values of the at least one physiological parameter.

Detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations from breathing patterns

An apparatus may include a sensing circuit and a processor. The sensing circuit is configured to generate a sensed physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal includes respiration information of a subject. The processor includes an end expiratory volume (EEV) module configured to determine a value of EEV of the subject using the sensed physiological signal, and a lung hyperinflation detection module configured to generate an indication of lung hyperinflation of the subject according to the value of EEV and provide the indication to at least one of a user or process.

System and method for detecting worsening of heart failure based on rapid shallow breathing index

Systems and methods for detecting a worsening of patient's heart failure condition based, at least in part, on an increasing trend in a representative rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) value over multiple days. The RSBI value may be a minimum RSBI, and more particularly may be a minimum RSBI value determined for an afternoon portion of each of the multiple days. The minimum RSBI value measured during an afternoon portion of the day may be more sensitive to changes in a patient's respiration, particularly when a patient is expected to be more active, and thus, may more readily exhibit an increasing trend when patient's heart failure is in decline.

Kinetics of physiological response to activity during activities of daily living

A physiological response to activity (PRA) during a subject's activities of daily living (ADL) can be used, such as to generate useful diagnostic information about the subject. This can involve using a template, such as an impulse response template. The technique can be used with an implantable or other ambulatory medical monitoring or therapy device, such as a cardiac function management device, or with a local or remote external interface device.

Multi-sensor strategy for heart failure patient management

An apparatus comprises plurality of sensors and a processor. Each sensor provides a sensor signal that includes physiological information and at least one sensor is implantable. The processor includes a physiological change event detection module that detects a physiological change event from a sensor signal and produces an indication of occurrence of one or more detected physiological change events, and a heart failure (HF) detection module. The HF detection module determines, using a first rule, whether the detected physiological change event is indicative of a change in HF status of a subject, determines whether to override the first rule HF determination using a second rules, and declares whether the change in HF status occurred according to the first and second rules.

Clustered filesystem with membership version support

A computer system with read/write access to storage devices creates a snapshot of a data volume at a point in time while continuing to accept access requests to the mirrored data volume by copying before making changes to the base data volume. Multiple snapshots may be made of the same data volume at different points in time. Only data that is not stored in a previous snapshot volume or in the base data volume are stored in the most recent snapshot volume.

Clustered filesystems for mix of trusted and untrusted nodes

A cluster of computer system nodes share direct read/write access to storage devices via a storage area network using a cluster filesystem. At least one trusted metadata server assigns a mandatory access control label as an extended attribute of each filesystem object regardless of whether required by a client node accessing the filesystem object. The mandatory access control label indicates the sensitivity and integrity of the filesystem object and is used by the trusted metadata server(s) to control access to the filesystem object by all client nodes.