IMPROVEMENT OF THE YIELD OF WAX ISOMERATEN BY PRETREATMENT OF THE CATALYST WITH OXYGEN-CONTAINING CONNECTIONS

CATALYST FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE YIELD OF WAX ISOMERATEN BY PRETREATMENT WITH OXYGEN-CONTAINING CONNECTIONS

IMPROVED NOBLE-METALLIFEROUS CATALYST WITH SPECIFIC SILICIC ACID ALUMINUM RELATIONSHIP WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK

ADSORPTION CHILLING FOR COMPRESSING AND TRANSPORTING GASES

A gas transport system including a conduit (e.g., a pipeline) containing a feed of a gas at a first temperature and first pressure, a source of a refrigerant from an adsorption system in thermal communication with the conduit to cool the feed of gas to a reduced temperature, and at least one compressor to receive the cooled feed of gas and increase the amount of cooled feed of gas to a second pressure, in which the second pressure is greater than the first pressure. 1. A gas transport system comprising:(a) a conduit containing a feed of a gas at a first temperature and first pressure;(b) a source of a refrigerant from an adsorption system in thermal communication with the conduit to cool the feed of gas to a reduced temperature; and(c) at least one compressor to receive the cooled feed of gas and increase the amount of cooled feed of gas to a second pressure, wherein the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.2. The gas transport system of claim 1 , wherein the adsorption system includes claim 1 ,(i) an adsorbent capable of adsorbing the refrigerant and in fluid communication with the refrigerant;(ii) a heating source to heat the adsorbent and desorb the refrigerant therefrom; and(iii) an expansion valve to receive a supply of the refrigerant that has been desorbed from the adsorbent.3. The gas transport system of claim 2 , wherein the adsorption system further includes a cooling source to cool the adsorbent and adsorb the refrigerant.4. The gas transport system of claim 1 , wherein the gas is a greenhouse gas.5. The gas transport system of claim 4 , wherein the greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide.6. The gas transport system of claim 4 , further comprising a subterranean outlet to receive and sequester the greenhouse gas.7. The gas transport system of claim 6 , wherein the subterranean outlet to receive and sequester the greenhouse gas includes a hydrocarbon deposit.8. The gas transport system of claim 5 , wherein the feed of the carbon dioxide is obtained ...

RECOVERY OF GREENHOUSE GAS AND PRESSURIZATION FOR TRANSPORT

A system for isolating a greenhouse gas from an exhaust gas includes a vessel having an inlet to receive an exhaust gas, and an outlet to discharge a process stream, an adsorbent contained in the vessel to selectively adsorb the greenhouse gas from the exhaust gas under suitable conditions, and a heat source to heat the adsorbent and desorb the adsorbed greenhouse gas therefrom to produce a process stream of greenhouse gas for release through the outlet. 1. A system for isolating a greenhouse gas from an exhaust gas , comprising:a vessel having an inlet to receive an exhaust gas, and an outlet to discharge a process stream;an adsorbent contained in the vessel to selectively adsorb the greenhouse gas from the exhaust gas under suitable conditions;a heat source to heat the adsorbent and desorb the adsorbed greenhouse gas therefrom to produce a process stream of greenhouse gas for release through the outlet.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the exhaust gas is a flue gas.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a cooler to cool the exhaust gas prior to entering the vessel.5. The system of claim 4 , further comprising an expansion valve in fluid communication with at least a portion of the process stream of greenhouse gas to provide a cooling fluid to cool the exhaust gas in the cooler.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from zeolites claim 1 , zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) claim 1 , Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) claim 1 , and any combination thereof.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heating source includes unutilized heat from a petrochemical refining operation or a chemical processing operation.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the unutilized heat is at a temperature of 800K or lower.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the temperature of the unutilized heat ranges from about 363K to about 453K.10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a conduit in ...

CORROSION RESISTANT MATERIAL FOR REDUCED FOULING, A HEAT TRANSFER COMPONENT HAVING REDUCED FOULING AND A METHOD FOR REDUCING FOULING IN A REFINERY

A method and device for reducing sulfidation corrosion and depositional fouling in heat transfer components within a refining or petrochemical facility is disclosed. The heat transfer components are formed from a corrosion and fouling resistant steel composition containing a Cr-enriched layer having a surface roughness of less than 40 micro inches (1.1 μm) and a protective layer formed thereon. 1. A method of reducing fouling in a heat exchanger for crude oil , wherein the heat exchanger having a plurality of existing heat exchanger tubes , the method comprising:removing at least a portion of the plurality of existing heat exchanger tubes from the heat exchanger;installing a plurality of replacement heat exchanger tubes, wherein each of the plurality of replacement heat exchanger tubes having a surface roughness of less than 40 micro inches (1.1 μm),wherein each of the plurality of replacement heat exchanger tubes being formed from a steel composition comprising X, Y, and Z,wherein X is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co and mixtures thereof,wherein is Y is Cr, andwherein Z is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Si, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ru, Rh, Ir, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Pb, B, C, N, O, P, and S,wherein each of the plurality of replacement heat exchanger tubes having a Cr-enriched layer formed on at least one of an inner surface or an exterior surface of the tube, wherein the Cr-enriched layer also being formed from the steel composition X, Y, and Z, wherein the ratio of Y to X in the Cr-enriched layer being greater than the ratio of Y to X in the remaining portion of the tube; andforming a protective layer on an outer surface of the Cr-enriched layer, wherein the protective layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a magnetite, an iron-chromium spinel, a chromium oxide, oxides of the same and mixtures thereof.2. The method of reducing fouling ...

SILICON-CONTAINING STEEL COMPOSTITION WITH IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGER CORROSION AND FOULING RESISTANCE

A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance to a heat transfer component surface includes providing a silicon containing steel composition including an alloy and a Si-partitioned non-metallic film formed on a surface of the alloy. The alloy is formed from the composition η, θ, and t, in which η is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, θ is Si, and t is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, B, C, N, P, O, S and mixtures thereof. The Si-partitioned non-metallic film comprises at least one of sulfide, oxysulfide and mixtures thereof. 1. A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance to a heat transfer component surface , the method comprising:providing a silicon containing steel composition including an alloy, wherein the alloy is formed from the composition η, θ, and τ, in which η is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, θ is Si, wherein θ comprises at least 1.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of the alloy, and τ is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, B, C, N, P, O, S and mixtures thereof, wherein the alloying element r comprises at least about 0.01 wt % to about 3.0 wt % Al of the alloy; and,forming a non-metallic film on the surface of the alloy, wherein the non-metallic film comprises at least a 1 nm thick Si-partitioned non-metallic film containing at least one of sulfide, oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof, wherein the non-metallic film is formed from the alloy and consists of at least 10 atomic percent Si based on the concentration of the non-metallic film.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming ...

SYSTEM USING UNUTILIZED HEAT FOR COOLING AND/OR POWER GENERATION

A process for generating refrigeration, electricity or work utilizing a sorption system is disclosed. The sorption system includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2. 1. A process for providing refrigeration comprising:selecting a fluid and a sorbent material;sorbing the fluid into the sorbent material;heating the sorbent material to desorb the fluid from the sorbent material; anddirecting the desorbed fluid to an instrument to expand the desorbed fluid for refrigeration;wherein the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.5.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is selected from carbon dioxide claim 1 , methane claim 1 , ethane claim 1 , propane claim 1 , butane claim 1 , ammonia and freon; and further wherein the sorbent material is selected from zeolites claim 1 , silicagel claim 1 , adsorbing polymers claim 1 , carbon claim 1 , activated carbon claim 1 , metal organic frameworks (MOFs) claim 1 , and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heating is provided by unutilized heat from one of a refining operation and chemical processing operation.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the unutilized heat is at a temperature of 600° K or lower.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the unutilized heat ranges from about 343K to about 573K.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the unutilized heat ranges from about 363K to about 453K.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is carbon dioxide.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent material is a zeolite.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the zeolite is selected from zeolite A claim 8 , zeolite X claim 8 , zeolite Y.10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the zeolite is zeolite 13X.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the refrigeration is used to provide cooling water to an overhead condenser in a distillation tower.12. The process of claim 1 , ...

RECOVERY OF GREENHOUSE GAS AND PRESSURIZATION FOR TRANSPORT

A system for isolating a greenhouse gas from an exhaust gas includes a vessel having an inlet to receive an exhaust gas, and an outlet to discharge a process stream, an adsorbent contained in the vessel to selectively adsorb the greenhouse gas from the exhaust gas under suitable conditions, and a heat source to heat the adsorbent and desorb the adsorbed greenhouse gas therefrom to produce a process stream of greenhouse gas for release through the outlet. 1. A process for isolating carbon dioxide from a stream of an exhaust gas resulting from combusion , comprising:introducing the exhaust gas stream to a cooler to cool the gas stream, introducing an the stream of cooled exhaust gas into a vessel having an inlet to receive the cooled exhaust gas, an adsorbent to selectively adsorb the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas and an outlet to discharge a process stream;applying heat from a heat source to heat the adsorbent to desorb the adsorbed carbon dioxide from the adsorbent to produce a process stream of pressurized carbon dioxide for release through the outlet,expanding the pressurized stream of carbon dioxide from the outlet to cool the stream and provide a stream of cooled carbon dioxide,passing the stream of cooled carbon dioxide to the cooler to provide cooling for the cooler to cool the stream of exhaust gas,introducing the carbon dioxide stream from the cooler into the stream of cooled exhaust gas.25.-. (canceled)6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is selected from zeolites claim 1 , zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) claim 1 , Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) claim 1 , and any combination thereof.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the heating fluid is unutilized heat from a petrochemical refining operation or a chemical processing operation.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the unutilized heat is at a temperature of 600K or lower.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the temperature of the unutilized heat ranges from about 363K to about 453K. ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO REMOVE POLAR MOLECULES FROM REFINERY STREAMS

The present invention relates to methods and systems for removing polar molecule contaminants from a refinery stream in connection with the processing of hydrocarbon fluids, chemicals, whole crude oils, blends and fractions in refineries and chemical plants that include adding high surface energy and/or high surface area nanoparticle compounds to a refinery stream to remove the polar molecule contaminants. 1. A system for removing polar contaminates from a refinery stream comprising:(a) a refinery stream containing a polar molecule contaminant;(b) a supply of a magnetic nanoparticle compound to be introduced to the refinery stream, wherein the polar molecule contaminant is capable of being adsorbed onto the nanoparticle compound to form a nanoparticle compound-polar molecule complex; and(c) a separator in fluid communication with the refinery stream for separating the nanoparticle compound-polar molecule complex from the refinery stream.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the refinery stream is a hydrocarbon fluid claim 1 , and the nanoparticle compound is introduced to be freely dispersed within the hydrocarbon fluid.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the polar molecule contaminant is selected from the group consisting of sulfur-containing compounds claim 1 , nitrogen-containing compounds claim 1 , porphyrin claim 1 , asphaltene claim 1 , naphthenic acid claim 1 , mercury and carbon dioxide.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle compound is a compound comprising a surface energy of at least about 70 mJ/m.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle compound has a surface area of from about 5 to 500 m/g as measured by nitrogen BET.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the nanoparticle compound has a surface area of from about 10 to 300 m/g as measured by nitrogen BET.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticle compound includes a material that is attracted to a magnetic field.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the material is selected from ...

UTILIZATION OF WASTE HEAT USING FIBER SORBENT SYSTEM

A method for creating work by adsorption end desorption of a working fluid on an fiber sorption system which has a plurality of tubular hollow fibers within a vessel which is connected to a work device. Each fiber is in the form of a tubular, elongated body composed of a sorbent material capable of adsorbing a working fluid such as carbon dioxide. The fibers have an inner surface adjacent the hollow interior and an outer surface, one of which has a coating layer which is impermeable to both a working fluid and thermal fluid. The system is operated by passing a thermal cooling fluid in contact with the fibers to cool the fibers and passing the working fluid over the fibers in contact with the surface of the cooled fibers which does not have the coating layer so that the working fluid is adsorbed on the fibers, the adsorbed working fluid is then desorbed from the fibers by passing a thermal heating fluid in contact with the fibers to heat the fibers; the pressurized, desorbed working fluid is then passed to a work device connected to the vessel. 1. A method for creating work by adsorption and desorption of a working fluid on an fiber sorption system comprising a plurality of tubular hollow fibers located within a vessel which is connected to a work device , each fiber being in the form of an elongated body composed of a sorbent material and hinder material , the body having a hollow interior with an outer surface and an inner surface adjacent the hollow interior one of the inner surface and the outer surface having a coating layer formed thereon which is impermeable to both a working fluid and thermal fluid , the method comprising:passing a thermal cooling fluid in contact with the fibers to cool the fibers,passing the working fluid in contact with the surface of the cooled fibers not having the coating layer to adsorb the working fluid on the fibers,passing a thermal heating fluid in contact with the fibers to heat the fibers and desorb the adsorbed working fluid.2. ...

Catalyst combination for improved wax isomerization

The present invention is directed to an improved isomerization process employing a catalyst wherein the catalyst comprises a pair of catalyst particles of different acidity utilized either as distinct beds of such discreteparticles or as a mixture of such discrete particles. The isomerization process utilizing such a catalyst produces a product which exhibits higher VI as compared to products produced using either catalyst component separately or using a single catalyst having the average acidity of the two discrete catalysts.

Wax isomerization using small particle low fluoride content catalysts

Waxes, for example waxes obtained from dewaxing hydrocarbon oils, called slack waxes, and synthetic waxes such as those obtained by Fischer-Tropsch processes, are isomerized into oils boiling in the lube oil boiling range, e.g., 370° C.+, by contacting the wax under isomerization conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with an isomerization catalyst comprising a noble Group VIII metal on a small particle size refractory metal oxide support having a low total fluoride content catalyst wherein the total fluoride content is in the range of 0.1 to up to but less than 2 wt % fluoride and the support has a particle diameter of less than 1/16 inch. The small particle size refractory metal oxide support is preferably alumina or material containing alumina, preferably predominantly (i.e., >50%) alumina, more preferably an alumina such as gamma or eta. The most preferred alumina is 1/20 inch alumina trilobes. Noble metal content ranges from 0.1 to 2.0 wt %.

Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils using a sized isomerization catalyst

The present invention is directed to a process for the catalytic isomerization of waxes to liquid products, particularly to the production of high yields of liquid products boiling in the 370° C. + range suitable for use as lube oil base stocks or blending stocks, said process employing as the catalyst a material made by depositing a hydrogenation metal component on a refractory metal oxide base, preferably alumina, fluoriding said metal loaded base using aqueous HF and subsequently crushing the fluorided metal loaded base to produce a sized material of 1/32 inch and less its largest cross-sectional dimension. Alternately the catalyst can be made by depositing a hydrogenation metal component on a refractory metal oxide base of 1/32 inch and less across its largest cross-sectional dimension and subsequently fluoriding said sized material using aqueous HF. In either case the catalyst is activated before being used by heating in a hydrogen atmosphere to from 350° C. to 500° C. for from 1 to 48 hours or more.

Aromatics saturation process for lube oil boiling range feedstreams

An improved aromatics saturation process for use with lube oil boiling range feedstreams utilizing a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component selected from the Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof on a mesoporous support having aluminum incorporated into its framework and an average pore diameter of about 15 to less than about 40 Å.

Noble metal-containing catalyst containing a specific ratio of silica to aluminum in the framework

An improved noble metal-containing catalyst containing a specific ratio of silica to aluminum in the framework suitable for use in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbonaceous feeds, which is directed at a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component selected from the Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof on a mesoporous support having aluminum incorporated into its framework and an average pore diameter of about 15 to less than about 40 Å.

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi

A process for preparing high VI lubricating oil basestocks comprising hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and optionally hydrofinishing. The hydrotreating step is under conditions such that the amount of conversion to 343~C minus is less than 5wt% of the feedstock and the VI increase is less than 4 VI over the feedstock. Hydrodewaxing uses a low alpha catalyst and hydrofinishing is accomplished with a catalyst based on the M41S family.

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks

The process is drawn to producing a lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt % saturates and a VI of at least 105 in unit (42) then the hydroconverted raffinate is conducted through line (46) to heat exchanger (48).

Process for making a lube basestock

A method for hydroisomerizing a waxy feed to favor one of VI or yield is described. The method uses a unitized pellet powder catalyst comprising a metal hydrogeneration component, a first catalytic component selected from 8, 10 and 12 ring molecular sieves and mixtures thereof, and a second amorphous isomerization component which is an amorphous inorganic oxide. Importantly, the ratio of feed and second components are present in a predetermined ratio to provide a preselected acidity favoring one of VI or yield resulting from the hydroisomerization.

Selective dewaxing of hydrocarbon oil using surface modified zeolites

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for selectively dewaxing a waxy hydro-carbon oil feedstock comprising contacting said waxy hydrocarbon oil stock in the presence of hydrogen with a zeolite (1) which has been chemically modified by reaction, under dry, anhydrous conditions, with an organosilane wherein the zeolite has some reactive sites capable of reacting with the organosilane and where said organosilane is: (a) capable of entering into the channels of the zeolite and chemically reacting with the reactive sites present therein, as well as (b) reacting with hydroxyl groups present on the external surface of said zeolite, and (2) which has been loaded with a catalytically active hydrogenating metal component; which contacting is con-ducted under conditions of pressure, temperature and liquid flow velocities sufficient to effect the hydro-dewaxing. Preferably the organosilane modified zeolite, either before or after the deposition of the catalytic metal component may be heated to an elevated temperature in an inert or reducing atmosphere.

Low viscosity lube basestock

The present invention is directed to an easily biodegradable low viscosity, low Noack volatility lube oil material having a viscosity index (VI) in the range of about 110-145, > 98 % saturates useful as lube oil basestock, automatic transmission fluid (ATF) basestock or blending stock. The lube oil material is produced by the isomerization of a wax feed having a viscosity of from 4 to 10 cSt at 100 °C and containing less than about 25 % oil in wax.

Hydrocracking process using bulk group viii/group vib catalysts

Hydrocracking process for hydrocracking petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni-Mo-W.

Process for preparing basestocks having high VI using oxygenated dewaxing catalyst

A process for preparing high VI lubricating oil basestocks comprising hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and optionally hydrofinishing. The hydrotreated feedstock is hydrodewaxed using a dewaxing catalyst that has been selectively activated by oxygenate treatment. The hydrodewaxed product may then be hydrofinished.

Method for stabilizing hydroisomerates

A method is described for rendering total liquid product hydroisomerates daylight stable and improving their oxidation stability, which method involves treating the hydroisomerate total liquid product with a Group VIII metal on refractory metal oxide catalyst or Group VIII metal on halogenated refractory metal oxide catalyst under mild conditions, which conditions are a temperature in the range of 170° to 270° C., a pressure in the range of 300 to 1500 psi H 2 , 0.25 to 10 v/v/hr and 500 to 10,000 SCF/B,H 2 .

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (40) to a two-step, single stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate (42) followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50).

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks

A process for producing a lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt.% saturates and a VI of at least 105 by selectively hydroconverting a raffinate from a solvent extraction zone (20) to a two ste p hydroconversion through a first hydroconversion unit (42) to a second hydroconversion unit (52) followed by a hydrofinishing zone (60) an d a dewaxing zone (74).

HYDROCONVERSION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A LUBRICATING OIL BASIS

System using unutilized heat for cooling and/or power generation

A sorption system is disclosed that includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

The feed (8) to vacuum pipe still (10) is an atmospheric reduced crude. Various distillate cuts shown as (12) light, (14) (medium) and (16) heavy may be sent to solvent extract unit (30) via line (18). The bottoms from vacuum pipe still line (11) may be sent trough line (22) to a deasphalting extraction unit (20).

An improved noble metal-containing catalyst containing a specific ratio of silica to aluminum in the framework

An improved noble metal-containing catalyst containing a specific ratio of silica to aluminum in the framework suitable for use in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbonaceous feeds, which is directed at a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component selected from the Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof on a mesoporous support having aluminum incorporated into its framework and an average pore diameter of 15 to less than 40~.

Lube basestocks manufacturing process using improved hydrodewaxing catalysts

A process for producing Tube oil basestocks wherein a wax containing Tube oil boiling range feedstream is converted into a basestock suitable for use in motor oil applications by contacting it with a hydrodewaxing catalyst containing a medium pore molecular sieve having deposited thereon an active metal oxide and at least one hydrogenation metal selected from the Group VIII and Group VIB metals.

Silicoaluminophosphates having an ael structure and a method for their preparation and their use

Disclosed are silicoaluminophosphates (SAPOs) having unique silicon distributions, a method for their preparation and their use as catalysts for the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. More particularly, the new SAPOs have a high silica:alumina ratio, and may be prepared from single phase synthesis solutions or from microemulsions containing surfactants.

An improved aromatics saturation process for lube oil boiling range feedstreams

An improved aromatics saturation process for use with lube oil boiling range feedstreams utilizing a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component selected from the Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof on a mesoporous support having aluminum incorporated into its framework and an average pore diameter of 15 to less than 40A.

Low viscosity lube basestock

The present invention is directed to an easily biodegradable low viscosity, low Noack volatility lube oil material having a viscosity index (VI) in the range of about 110-145, ⊃98 % saturates useful as lube oil basestock, automatic transmission fluid (ATF) basestock or blending stock. The lube oil material is produced by the isomerization of a wax feed having a viscosity of from 4 to 10 cSt at 100 °C and containing less than about 25 % oil in wax.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (40) to a two-step, single-stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate (42) followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50). The effluent from the cold hydrofinishing step (52) in then catalytically dewaxed or in the alternative, solvent dewaxed followed by catalytic dewaxing (60).

Method for making a lubricating oil with improved low temperature properties

The invention relates to a process for preparing lube oil basestocks from lube oil boiling range feeds. More particularly, the present invention is directed toward a process wherein a wax containing feed is solvent dewaxed to produce at least a partially dewaxed lube oil boiling range stream, which is hydrodewaxed to produce a first lube basestock. The first lube basestock is added to an independently selected second lube basestock and additives to make a lubricating oil.

Selective dewaxing of hydrocarbon oil using surface modified zeolites

A method for making lube basestocks

A method to produce high quality lube oil products involving hydrotreating a waxy feed to produce a hydrotreated feed and subsequently hydrodewaxing the hydrofinishing the waxy feed.

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi

Process for making a lube basestock

A method for hydroisomerizing a waxy feed to favor one of VI or yield is described. The method uses a unitized pellet powder catalyst comprising a metal hydrogeneration component, a first catalytic component selected from 8, 10 and 12 ring molecular sieves and mixtures thereof, and a second amorphous isomerization component which is an amorphous inorganic oxide. Importantly, the ratio of feed and second components are present in a predetermined ratio to provide a preselected acidity favoring one of VI or yield resulting from the hydroisomerization.

A lube basestock with excellent low temperature properties and a method for making

A method for producing a lube basestock from a waxy feed is disclosed in which a feed containing to 50 wt.% or more of wax is hydrotreated and stripped to lower the nitrogen and sulfur content of the feed. The feed is then hydroisomerized under conditions to 370 °C, hydrocatalytically dewaxed with a catalyst comprising a mixture of a catalytically active metal on a zeolite dewaxing catalyst and an amorphous catalyst, or alternatively is solvent dewaxed and then hydrocatalytically dewaxed with the just described catalyst.

Process with a catalyst combination for isomerization of wax

Improved molecular sieve containing hydrodewaxing catalysts

A catalyst composition containing a medium pore molecular sieve having deposited thereon an active metal oxide and at least one hydrogenation metal selected from the Group VIII and Group VIB metals for use in hydrodewaxing lube oil boiling range feedstreams.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

Vibration actuation system with independent control of frequency and amplitude

Hydroconversion process and production of lubricating oil basestocks

A paraffins-rich raffinate from the solvent extraction of a lubricating oil feedstock is treated by two-stage hydroconversion followed by hydrofinishing. A preferred subsequent step comprises dewaxing. A lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt.% saturates and a VI of at least 105 may be obtained.

METHOD FOR ISOMERIZING PARAFFIN LUBRICANT BASED OILS USING AN ISOMERIZATION CATALYST.

SE REIVINDICA UN PROCESO PARA LA PRODUCCION DE UN ACEITE LUBRICANTE BASE O MEZCLAS MEDIANTE ISOMERIZACION DE CERAS SOBRE CATALIZADORES DE ISOMERIZACION QUE CONTIENEN UN COMPONENTE METAL PARA HIDROGENACION SOBRE UNA ALUMINA FLUORADA O MATERIAL QUE CONTIENE ALUMINA. EN EL PROCESO EL CATALIZADOR INTRODUCIDO EN LA ALIMENTACION PARAFINICA TIENE (1) UN NIVEL DE HIDRATO DE 60 O MENOS, CUANDO SE COMPARA CON EL PICO ADECUADO DEL DIAGRAMA DE DIFRACCION DE RAYOS X DE UN PATRON (0.6% EN PESO PT SOBRE UNA GAMMA - ALUMINA DE 150 M2/G CON 7.2% EN PESO DE F, (2) UN CONTENIDO EN N EN RELACION AL AL SUPERFICIAL N/AL DE 0.01 O MENOS (3) UNA CONCENTRACION EN MASA DE FLUOR ENTRE 2 Y 10% EN PESO Y (4) UNA CONCENTRACION EN MASA DE FLUOR EN LA CAPA ENTRE EL BORDE DEL CATALIZADOR HASTA UNA PROFUNDIDAD DE 1/100 DE PULGADA (0.254 MM) MENOS DE UN 3% EN PESO CON LA CONDICION DE QUE LA CONCENTRACION EN SUPERFICIE SEA MENOR QUE LA CONCENTRACION EN MASA O VOLUMEN. SE INDICA UNA PREPARACION DE CATALIZADOR ALTERNATIVA. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A BASE LUBRICATING OIL OR MIXTURES IS CLAIMED THROUGH ISOMERIZATION OF WAXES ON ISOMERIZATION CATALYSTS CONTAINING A METAL COMPONENT FOR HYDROGENATION ON A FLOWERED ALUMINA OR MATERIAL CONTAINING ALUMINA. IN THE PROCESS THE CATALYST INTRODUCED IN THE PARAPHINIC FEEDING HAS (1) A HYDRATE LEVEL OF 60 OR LESS, WHEN COMPARED WITH THE APPROPRIATE PEAK OF THE X-RAY DIFFACTION DIAGRAM OF A PATTERN (0.6% IN PT WEIGHT ON A GAMMA - ALUMINA OF 150 M2 / G WITH 7.2% IN WEIGHT OF F, (2) A CONTENT IN N IN RELATION TO THE SURFACE N / AL OF 0.01 OR LESS (3) A CONCENTRATION IN MASS OF FLUORIDE BETWEEN 2 AND 10% IN WEIGHT AND (4) A MASS CONCENTRATION OF FLUORIDE IN THE LAYER BETWEEN THE EDGE OF THE CATALYST UP TO A DEPTH OF 1/100 INCH (0.254 MM) LESS THAN 3% BY WEIGHT WITH THE CONDITION THAT THE SURFACE CONCENTRATION IS LESS THAN CONCENTRATION IN MASS OR VOLUME AN ALTERNATIVE CATALYST PREPARATION IS INDICATED.

Low viscosity lube basestock

The present invention is directed to an easily biodegradable low viscosity, low Noack volatility lube oil material having a viscosity index (VI) in the range of about 110-145, ⊃98 % saturates useful as lube oil basestock, automatic transmission fluid (ATF) basestock or blending stock. The lube oil material is produced by the isomerization of a wax feed having a viscosity of from 4 to 10 cSt at 100 °C and containing less than about 25 % oil in wax.

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi

A process for preparing high VI lubricating oil basestocks comprising hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and optionally hydrofinishing. The hydrotreating step is under conditions such that the amount of conversion to 343~C minus is less than 5wt% of the feedstock and the VI increase is less than 4 VI over the feedstock. Hydrodewaxing uses a low alpha catalyst and hydrofinishing is accomplished with a catalyst based on the M41S family.

Method for making lube basestocks

A method to produce high quality lube oil products involving hydrotreating a waxy feed to produce a hydrotreated feed and subsequently hydroisomerizing and hydrodewaxing the hydrotreated waxy feed.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (40) to a two-step, single stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate (42) followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50).

Integrated process for catalytic dewaxing

An integrated process is disclosed for dewaxing hydrocarbon feedstocks in a sour environment. The process includes hydrotreating, dewaxing, hydrofinishing or combination thereof wherein there is no disengagement between any of the process steps.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for upgrading a wax-containing feedstock to produce a wax and a hi gh VI/low volatility lubricating oil base stock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (2 0) to a two step, single stage hydroconversion (42) process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50).

Vibration actuation system with independent control of frequency and amplitude

Vibrational energy generated with a pneumatic vibrator (22) is controlled to independently adjust the amplitude and the frequency. A mechanical resonator (14) is used to adjust the frequency. The controlled vibrational energy can be applied to equipment, such as a heat exchanger to mitigate fouling.

A method for making a lubricating oil with improved low temperature properties

The invention relates to a process for preparing lube oil basestocks from lube oil boiling range feeds. More particularly, the present invention is directed toward a process wherein a wax containing feed is solvent dewaxed to produce at least a partially dewaxed lube oil boiling range stream, which is hydrodewaxed to produce a first lube basestock. The first lube basestock is added to an independently selected second lube basestock and additives to make a lubricating oil.

System using unutilized heat for cooling and/or power generation

A sorption system is disclosed that includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2.

Hydrocracking Method Using Bulk Group VIII / Group VI B Catalysts

Hydroprocessing of petroleum and chemical feedstocks using bulk Group VIII/Group VIB catalysts. Preferred catalysts include those comprised of Ni-Mo-W.

Reduction of fouling in heat exchangers

A method for reducing the formation of deposits on the inner walls of a tubular heat exchanger through which a petroleum-based liquid is flowing comprises applying one of fluid pressure pulsations to the liquid flowing through the tubes of the exchanger and vibration to the heat exchanger to effect a reduction of the viscous boundary layer adjacent the inner walls of the tubular heat exchange surfaces. Reduction of the viscous boundary layer at the tube walls not only reduces the incidence of fouling with its consequential beneficial effect on equipment life but it also has the desirable effect of promoting heat transfer from the tube wall to the liquid in the tubes. Fouling and corrosion are further reduced by the use of a coating on the inner wall surfaces of the exchanger tubes.

High performance coatings and surfaces to mitigate corrosion and fouling in fired heater tubes

A fired heater tube that is resistant to corrosion and fouling is disclosed. The fired heater tube comprises an advantageous high performance coated material composition resistant to corrosion and fouling comprises: (PQR), wherein P is an oxide layer at the surface of (PQR), Q is a coating metal layer interposed between P and R, and R is a base metal layer, wherein P is substantially comprised of 5 alumina, chromia, silica, mullite, spinels, and mixtures thereof, Q comprises Cr, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Al, Si, Mn, Fe, Co, B, C, N, P, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and mixtures thereof, and R is selected from the group consisting of low chromium steels, ferritic stainless steels, austenetic stainless steels, duplex stainless steels, Inconel alloys, Incoloy alloys, Fe-Ni based alloys, 10 Ni-based alloys and Co-based alloys.

IMPROVING THE EXPORTS OF WAX ISOMERATES BY PRE-TREATING THE CATALYST WITH OXYGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Corrosion resistant material for reduced fouling, heat transfer component with improved corrosion and fouling resistance, and method for reducing fouling

This invention relates to the reduction of sulfidation or sulfidic corrosion and the reduction of depositional fouling in general and in particular the reduction of sulifidation/sulfidic corrosion and the reduction of depositional fouling in heat transfer components, which include but are not limited to heat exchangers, furnaces and furnace tubes located in refining facilities and petrochemical processing facilities and other components used for transporting or conveying process streams, which may be prone to fouling. In particular, the present invention relates to the reduction of corrosion and fouling associated with process streams. The present invention is directed to a method of reducing fouling in a heat transfer component, which combines the use of a corrosion resistant material having the desired surface roughness with the application of vibration, pulsation and internal turbulence promoters.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

Low energy surfaces for reduced corrosion and fouling

This inventions relates to metal surfaces and a method for reducing fouling of metal surfaces. More particularly, metal surfaces such as piping and heat exchangers that transport or contain corrosive and This invention relates to metal surfaces and a method for reducing fouling of metal contaminated materials can be protected by formation of organometallic coatings which are in the range of monolayers in thickness.

Process for improving basestock low temperature performance using a combination catalyst system

Waxy feeds are converted to a basestock using a unitized mixed powdered pell et catalyst comprising a metal hydrogenation component on a support having a frist dewaxing component and a second isomerization component, wherein the first component is selected from 10 and 12 ring molecular sieves and mixture s thereof and the second component is an amorphous inorganic oxide. The first and second components are present in a ratio sufficient to promote wax isomerization and naphthene distractions without substantial decrease in VI.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks

A process for producing a lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt. % saturates and a VI of at least 105 by selectively hydroconverting a raffinate from a solvent extraction zone in a two step hydroconversion zone followed by a hydrofinishing zone, and a lubricating oil basestock produced by said process.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

The feed (8) to vacuum pipe still (10) is an atmospheric reduced crude. Various distillate cuts shown as (12) light, (14) (medium) and (16) heavy may be sent to solvent extract unit (30) via line (18). The bottoms from vacuum pipe still line (11) may be sent trough line (22) to a deasphalting extraction unit (20).

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (40) to a two-step, single-stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate (42) followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50). The effluent from the cold hydrofinishing step (52) in then catalytically dewaxed or in the alternative, solvent dewaxed followed by catalytic dewaxing (60).

Corrosion resistant material for reduced fouling, heat transfer component with improved corrosion and fouling resistance, and method for reducing fouling

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi

A process for preparing high VI lubricating oil basestocks comprising hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and optionally hydrofinishing. The hydrotreating step is under conditions such that the amount of conversion to 343°C minus is less than 5wt% of the feedstock and the VI increase is less than 4 VI over the feedstock. Hydrodewaxing uses a low alpha catalyst and hydrofinishing is accomplished with a catalyst based on the M41S family.

A lube basestock with excellent low temperature properties and a method for making

A method for producing a lube basestock from a waxy feed is disclosed in whi ch a feed containing to 50 wt.% or more of wax is hydrotreated and stripped to lower the nitrogen and sulfur content of the feed. The feed is then hydroisomerized under conditions to 370 .degree.C, hydrocatalytically dewaxed with a catalyst comprising a mixture o f a catalytically active metal on a zeolite dewaxing catalyst and an amorphous catalyst, or alternatively is solvent dewaxed and then hydrocatalytically dewaxed with the just described catalyst.

Hydrocracking process using bulk group VIII / group VI B catalysts

A method for making lube basestocks

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi using oxygenated dewaxing catalyst

Alkylation of aromatic molecules using a silica- alumina catalyst derived from zeolite

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Aromatic molecules are alkylated using a silica-alumina catalyst derived from zeolite. The silica-alumina catalyst is a partially collapsed zeolite, i.e., a material of reduced crystallinity. The alkylation process which employes this material of reduced crystallinity is characterized by a high level of selectivity for the production of monoalkylated product.

An improved aromatics saturation process for lube oil boiling range feedstreams

An improved aromatics saturation process for use with lube oil boiling range feedstreams utilizing a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation-dehydrogenation component selected from the Group VIII noble metals and mixtures thereof on a mesoporous support having aluminum incorporated into its framework and an average pore diameter of 15 to less than 40~.

System using unutilized heat for cooling and /or power generation

A sorption system is disclosed that includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for upgrading a wax-containing feedstock to produce a wax and a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil base stock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (20) to a two step, single stage hydroconversion (42) process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50).

Raffinate hydroconversion process

Reduction of fouling in heat exchangers

A method for reducing the formation of deposits on the inner walls of a tubular heat exchanger through which a petroleum-based liquid is flowing comprises applying one of fluid pressure pulsations to the liquid flowing through the tubes of the exchanger and vibration to the heat exchanger to effect a reduction of the viscous boundary layer adjacent the inner walls of the tubular heat exchange surfaces. Reduction of the viscous boundary layer at the tube walls not only reduces the incidence of fouling with its consequential beneficial effect on equipment life but it also has the desirable effect of promoting heat transfer from the tube wall to the liquid in the tubes. Fouling and corrosion are further reduced by the use of a coating on the inner wall surfaces of the exchanger tubes.

Lube basestocks manufacturing process using improved hydrodewaxing catalysts

A process for producing Tube oil basestocks wherein a wax containing Tube oil boiling range feedstream is converted into a basestock suitable for use in motor oil applications by contacting it with a hydrodewaxing catalyst containing a medium pore molecular sieve having deposited thereon an active metal oxide and at least one hydrogenation metal selected from the Group VIII and Group VIB metals.

Raffinate hydroconversion process

A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step (40) to a two-step, single-stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate (42) followed by a cold hydrofinishing step (50). The effluent from the cold hydrofinishing step (52) in then catalytically dewaxed or in the alternative, solvent dewaxed followed by catalytic dewaxing (60).

High viscosity-index base stocks, base oils and lubricant compositions and methods for their product

This invention relates to base stocks and base oils that exhibit an unexpected combination of high viscosity index (130 or greater) and a ratio of measured-to-theoretical high-shear/low-temperature viscosity at -30C or lower and the methods of making them. Specifically, the present invention relates to low-volatility / low-viscosity lubricant base stocks, lubricant base stocks and base oils, formulated lubricant compositions or functional fluids comprising these base stocks and methods of making them. More particularly, this invention relates to lubricant compositions of low-temperature flow capability and low viscosity for passenger car motor lubricants of SAE OW-XX grade (where XX = 40 or lower), methods for optimizing fuel economy using the same, and methods or processes to produce them.

Improved wax hydroisomerization process

Catalyst for wax isomerate yield enhancement by oxygenate pretreatement

A dewaxing catalyst is selectively activated by treatment with an oxygenate. Selective activation is accomplished by treated the dewaxing catalyst with a carrier feed containing oxygenate. The selectively activated dewaxing cataly st when used to dewax waxy hydrocarbons results in improved yield of isomerate at equivalent pour point over a dewaxing catalyst which has not been oxygenate treated.

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks

The process is drawn to producing a lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt % saturates and a VI of at least 105 in unit (42) then the hydroconverted raffinate is conducted through line (46) to heat exchanger (48).

A method for making lube basestocks

The present invention relates to a process for preparing lubricating oil basestocks having a high viscosity index from wax containing feeds. The process includes the steps of conducting a lubricating oil feedstock to a solvent extraction zone and underextracting the lubricating oil feedstock to produce at least an aromatic-lean raffinate solution; removing at least a portion of the extraction solvent from the aromatics-lean raffinate solution to produce a raffinate feedstock having a dewaxed oil viscosity index from 75 to 105 and a wax content of greater than 15 wt%; contacting the raffinate feedstock with a hydrotreating catalyst in a first reaction stage to produce a gaseous product and a hydrotreated feedstock; stripping the hydrotreated feedstock to separate the gaseous product; contacting the stripped feedstock with a dewaxing catalyst in a dewaxing zone where the dewaxing catalyst contains at least one Group VIII noble metal and is ZSM-48; and contacting the lubricating oil basestock with a mesoporous hydrofinishing catalyst from the M41S family in a hydrofinishing zone to produce a hydrofinished lubricating oil basestock.

Wax isomerate yield enhancement by oxygenate pretreatement of catalyst

A waxy hydrocarbon feed is catalytically treated with a dewaxing catalyst that has been selectively activated. The selective activation of the catalyst involves treating the catalyst with at least one oxygenate. The selectively activated catalyst can then be used to dewax waxy hydrocarbon to improve yield and product quality of the isomerate product.

Catalyst combination for improved wax isomerization

The present invention is directed to an improved isomerization process employing a catalyst wherein the catalyst comprises a pair of catalyst particles of different acidity utilized either as distinct beds of such discrete particles or as a mixture of such discrete particles. The isomerization process utilizing such a catalyst produces a product which exhibits higher VI as compared to products produced using either catalyst component separately or using a single catalyst having the average acidity of the two discrete catalysts.

Low energy distillation system and method

A distillation system for separating at least two components of a multi-component fluid feed that includes a stripper section including (i) an inlet to receive a feed of fluid containing at least two components, (ii) a compressor in fluid communication with a more volatile portion of the fluid within the stripper section to provide an output feed, and (iii) a reboiler to receive a heating fluid and in fluid communication with a less volatile portion of fluid within the stripper section. The distillation system also includes a rectifier section aligned vertically with and disposed below the stripper section, the rectifier section to receive the output feed from the compressor and further including (i) a condenser to receive a cooling fluid and in fluid communication with a more volatile portion of the output feed from the compressor, the condenser including an exit to remove at least one component from the more volatile portion of the output feed, and (ii) an outlet to recycle a less volatile portion of the output feed from the compressor for recycle back to the stripper section. Heat pipes are provided between the lower rectifier section and the upper stripper section so as to transfer thermal energy from the rectifier to the stripper section and thereby improve the exergy efficiency of such distillation.

Process for preparing basestocks having high vi

A process for preparing high VI lubricating oil basestocks comprising hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and optionally hydrofinishing. The hydrotreating step is under conditions such that the amount of conversion to 343°C minus is less than 5wt% of the feedstock and the VI increase is less than 4 VI over the feedstock. Hydrodewaxing uses a low alpha catalyst and hydrofinishing is accomplished with a catalyst based on the M41S family.

Process for preparing basestocks having high VI using oxygenated dewaxing catalyst

Method for isomerizing wax to lube base oils

Slack waxes and synthetic wax are isomerized and processed into high viscosity index and very low pour point lube base stock oils and blending stocks by the process comprising the steps of hydrotreating the wax, if necessary, to remove heteroatom and polynuclear aromatic compounds and/or deoiling the wax, if neces-sary, to an oil content between about 5-20% oil, isome-rizing the wax over a Group VI-Group VIII on haloge-nated refractory metal oxide support catalyst, said isomerization being conducted to a level of conversion such that about 40% and less unconverted wax remains in the 330°C+, preferably the 370°C+ fraction sent to the dewaxer. The total isomerate from the isomerization unit is fractionated into a lube oil fraction boiling at 330°C+, preferably 370°C+. This oil fraction is solvent dewaxed preferably using MEK/MIBK at 20/80 ratio and unconverted wax is recycled to the isomeriza-tion unit. Operating in this manner permits one to obtain isomerate oil of very high VI (in excess of 130) possessing low pours (-21°C, preferably -24°C, most preferably -27°C).

A method for making a lubricating oil with improved low temperature properties

The invention relates to a process for preparing lube oil basestocks from lube oil boiling range feeds. More particularly, the present invention is directed toward a process wherein a wax containing feed is solvent dewaxed to produce at least a partially dewaxed lube oil boiling range stream, which is hydrodewaxed to produce a first lube basestock. The first lube basestock is added to an independently selected second lube basestock and additives to make a lubricating oil.

A method for stabilizing hydroisomerates

Catalyst for wax isomerate yield enhancement by oxygenate pretreatement

A dewaxing catalyst is selectively activated by treatment with an oxygenate. Selective activation is accomplished by treated the dewaxing catalyst with a carrier feed containing oxygenate. The selectively activated dewaxing catalyst when used to dewax waxy hydrocarbons results in improved yield of isomerate at equivalent pour point over a dewaxing catalyst which has not been oxygenate treated.

Reduction of fouling in heat exchangers

A method for reducing the formation of deposits on the inner walls of a tubular heat exchanger through which a petroleum-based liquid is flowing comprises applying one of fluid pressure pulsations to the liquid flowing through the tubes of the exchanger and vibration to the heat exchanger to effect a reduction of the viscous boundary layer adjacent the inner walls of the tubular heat exchange surfaces. Reduction of the viscous boundary layer at the tube walls not only reduces the incidence of fouling with its consequential beneficial effect on equipment life but it also has the desirable effect of promoting heat transfer from the tube wall to the liquid in the tubes. Fouling and corrosion are further reduced by the use of a coating on the inner wall surfaces of the exchanger tubes.

Raffinate hydroconversion process.

Hydroconversion process for making lubricating oil basestocks.

Verbesserter edelmetallhaltiger katalysator mit spezifischem kieselsäure-aluminiumverhältnis im rahmen

Katalysator zur verbesserung der ausbeute von wachs-isomeraten durch vorbehandlung mit sauerstoffhaltigen verbindungen