BLEACH COMPOSITIONS

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C ...

Oxidising compositions

METHOD OF MARKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula (I): wherein at least one of R1-R4is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C4-C20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R1-R4 in Formula (I) to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group. The tracer compounds are resistant to removal from the fuel by chemical laundering or by contact with absorbents such as charcoal.

METHOD OF IDENTIFYING A MATERIAL

The invention concerns a method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active taggant compound in a sample of a material comprising the steps of adding an internal standard comprising an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound to the sample, contacting the sample /internal standard mixture with a SERS substrate then subjecting the mixture and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy. The concentrationof SERS-active taggant compound in the sample is then calculated from the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard.

Enzymatic production of peracids using perhydrolytic enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

BLEACH COMPOSITIONS

OXIDISING AGENT

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

Tracers and method of marking liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound of Formula 1: wherein,each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms,an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C1 - C20 alkyl group, and each B is independently selected from the group consisting of a (i) phenyl, (ii) phenylmethyl group, (iii) a cyclohexyl group, (iv) a cyclogexylmethyl group, (v) a substituted phenyl or phenylmethyl group in which the benzene ring is substituted by at least one of the substituents selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group and a linear, branched or cyclic C1- C20 alkyl group or (vi) a linear, branched or cyclic C1- C20 alkyl group.  ...

OXIDISING AGENT

Tracers and method of marking liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I wherein, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C ...

TRACER AND METHOD OF IDENTIFYING TRACER IN PRODUCT

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition by means of surface- enhanced spectroscopy comprises the steps of: a.optionally, diluting said liquid composition or said separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b.bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy- enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper; c.obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d.calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

Biocidal compositions for producing peracids

A biocidal composition is provided, said biocidal composition comprising components suitable for producing peracid in situ, wherein said components comprise one or more prion-degrading enzymes, a suitable substrate, at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity, and a source of peroxygen.

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition by means of surface- enhanced spectroscopy comprises the steps of: a.optionally, diluting said liquid composition or said separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b.bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy- enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper; c.obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d.calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

Process for bleaching or disinfecting a substrate

Sterilising compositions

A bleach activator of the type commonly used in laundry detergents is used to activate a peroxygen bleach used to sterilise a prosthesis removed from the body before reinsertion. The prosthesis may be a set of dentures, contact lens or a diaphragm. The bleaching solution is subsequently neutralised with a neutraliser compound which reacts with peroxygen bleaching species. The neutraliser may be an a -ketoacid, preferably pyruvic acid. The compositions may contain an indicator which changes colour upon neutralisation of old bleaching species. The pH of the sterilising solution is preferably in the range 4 up to the pKa of the protonated form of the bleaching species, which is usually a percarboxylic acid. Preferably the pH is in the range 4-7.7. Activation of the peroxygen bleach source allows improved sterilisation to be achieved, whilst neutralisation gives improved comfort to the wearer and is particularly desirable for removal of percarboxylic acid species present in the sterilising ...

Hard surface cleaner containing oxidising composition

METHOD OF MARKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula (I): wherein at least one of R1-R4is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C4-C20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R1-R4 in Formula (I) to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group. The tracer compounds are resistant to removal from the fuel by chemical laundering or by contact with absorbents such as charcoal.

METHOD OF IDENTIFYING A MATERIAL

The invention concerns a method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active taggant compound in a sample of a material comprising the steps of adding an internal standard comprising an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound to the sample, contacting the sample /internal standard mixture with a SERS substrate then subjecting the mixture and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy. The concentrationof SERS-active taggant compound in the sample is then calculated from the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard.

SERS method of measuring and identifying a material

A method of measuring the amount of a particular Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) -active taggant compound in a sample of a material comprises the steps of adding an internal standard comprising an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound to the sample, contacting the sample /internal standard mixture with a SERS substrate then subjecting the mixture and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy. The concentration of SERS-active taggant compound in the sample is then calculated from the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard. Also shown is a method of identifying a material e.g. hydrocarbon, fuel, mineral oil, pharmaceutical, perfume etc. using the method. The SERS substrate may be colloidal and may comprise silver, gold or copper.

Pulp bleaching

Bleaching compositions

Bleaching compositions

OXIDISING AGENTS

N-acyl compounds known as bleach activators especially tetraacetylalkylene diamines, are reacted with a peroxygen source in aqueous solution at an acidic pH to form an oxidising product which is a stronger oxidising agent than the peroxygen source used as the starting material. The product solution is used for instance as a bleach or disinfectant. The activator and disinfectant source may be provided as a concentrate product ready for dilution with components able to produce acidic pH in the aqueous solution. The product is, for instance in particulate solid form containing granules of activator and different granules of peroxygen source.

OXIDISING AGENTS

The use of N-acyl and O-acyl bleach activator compounds to generate peroxy acids in aqueous acidic environments usually under relatively dilute conditions is described. The product is used in situ as a bleach, biocide or disinfectant. Preferred processes use hydrogen peroxide with tetraacetylethylene diamine or with the sodium salt of nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate. The pH is preferably less than 6.5.

TRACERS AND METHOD OF MARKING LIQUIDS

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I wherein, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C1C20 alkyl group, and each B is independently selected from the group consisting of a (i) phenyl, (ii) phenylmethyl group, (iii) a cyclohexyl group, (iv) a cyclohexylmethyl group, (v) a substituted phenyl or phenylmethyl group in which the benzene ring is substituted by at least one of the substituents selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group and a linear, branched or cyclic C1C20alkyl group or (vi) a linear, branched or cyclic C1C20 alkyl group.

TRACERS AND METHOD OF MARKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C1 C20 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C1C9 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl group and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (ii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iii) a linear, branched or cyclic C1C20 alkyl group with the proviso that when each Y is a fluorine atom, Z is not a linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl group..

OXYDATIONSMITTEL

Tracers and method of marking liquids

SERS method of measuring and identifying an organic liquid

Method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition by means of surface- enhanced spectroscopy comprises the steps of: a.optionally, diluting said liquid composition or said separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b.bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy- enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper; c.obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d.calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

PROCESS FOR ELIMINATING BACTERIAL SPORES ON SURFACES AND SPORICIDE FOR USE IN THE PROCESS

A process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous composition comprising 3 to 30 wt.% of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of 6 to 8 for a period of 1 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 0 to 35°C, wherein the process does not comprise any germination step.

Tracers and methods of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a borondipyrromethene compound of Formula I: Wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C1 - C9 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl group and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (ii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iii) a linear, branched ...

OXIDISING AGENTS

The use of a bleach activator compound which is an ester of a carboxylic acid to generate peroxy acids in relatively dilute aqueous acidic environments is described. The product is used in situ as an oxidising agent, for instance for use as a bleach, biocide or disinfectant. Preferred processes use aqueous hydrogen peroxide with preferably at a concentration of less than 20 % w/v the sodium salts of nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate. The pH is preferably less than 6.5.

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes adding to the liquid a tracer compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently hydrogen, bromine, fluorine, a halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group, or a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently bromine, fluorine, a halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C1-C9 alkyl group, or a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic or halogenated aliphatic group, a halogenated alkyl group or a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group, provided that when each Y is a fluorine atom, Z is not a linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl group.

Pulp treatment process

A pulp treatment process includes a first acid stage in which the product of the reaction of a bleach activator which may be an N-acyl or O-acyl compound and a peroxide source is mixed with pulp, and a second alkaline stage in which the pulp is treated with a chemical selected from oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and mixtures thereof. The process is characterised in that there is no washing of the pulp between the acid and alkaline stages. The first stage may follow a pretreatment with oxygen under alkaline conditions and/or a chelation step in which the pulp is contacted with a sequestrant.

Tracers and method of marking liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I wherein, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C ...

Process for bleaching textiles

Identifying a liquid composition using SERS

A method of identifying a liquid composition comprises detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a sample liquid composition by means of surface-enhanced spectroscopy by optionally, diluting said liquid composition, bringing the sample liquid into contact with a spectroscopy-enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper and obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample, and calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second original component of the composition. The calculated relative concentration is compared with a relative concentration of a tagged known liquid composition to give a pass/fail result or value of quality or similarity.

Metal cleaning

A metal cleaning process in which the metal is contacted with an alkaline cleaning solution comprising at least 0.1% surfactant and at least 0.05% hydrogen peroxide. The metal may be contacted with the solution for between 1 and 120 minutes, preferably between 5 minutes and 60 minutes at a temperature in the range ambient to 70{C, and preferably around ambient temperature. The metal may be rinsed with water after it has been contacted with the solution and air dryed after it has been rinsed. In one variant the metal is contacted with the solution in a cleaning bath which is preferably agitated or stirred and made of a plastic material. The surfactant may be a secondary alkane sulphonate, a linear alkyl bezene sulphonic acid, an alkyl ethyl sulphate, an olefin sulphonate or a primary alcohol (C<SB>13-15</SB>) ethoxylate, ethoxylated with 5-9 moles of ethylene oxide.

Bleaching compositions

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein at least one of R1 R4 is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C4 - C20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R1 R4 in Formula I to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group, and further wherein none of R1 R4 consists of a hydroxyl group or an amino group. The preferred compound is bis(3,5-bis trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-diazene. The tracer compounds are resistant to removal from the fuel by chemical laundering or by contact with absorbents such as charcoal.

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

Oxidising agents

TRACERS AND METHOD OF MARKING LIQUIDS

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I wherein, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group, and each B is independently selected from the group consisting of a (i) phenyl, (ii) phenylmethyl group, (iii) a cyclohexyl group, (iv) a cyclohexylmethyl group, (v) a substituted phenyl or phenylmethyl group in which the benzene ring is substituted by at least one of the substituents selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group and a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20alkyl group or (vi) a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group.

Metal cleaning process

Oxidising agents

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition via surface-enhanced spectroscopy includes the steps of: a. optionally, diluting the liquid composition or the separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b. bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy-enhancing surface including gold, silver or copper; c. obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d. calculating, from the spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

Identifiable chemical product

The invention is a process for manufacturing a chemical product which may be later identified and distinguished from similar chemical products, and comprises the steps of (i) forming a reaction mixture comprising chemical intermediate A, chemical intermediate B and marker chemical M (ii) providing the conditions which enable chemical intermediate A and chemical intermediate B to react together to form chemical product C, and for marker chemical M to react either with chemical intermediate A to form a marker product AM or with chemical product C to form a marker product CM (iii) after said reactions have taken place, separating a mixture of product C with product AM and/or a mixture of product C with marker product CM from the reaction mixture wherein product AM and product CM are both distinguishable from product C by analysis. By using the method of the invention, the marked product is formed in situ and in a mixture with unmarked product.

Oxidising compositions

Oxidising agents

OXYDATIONSMITTEL

Enzymatic production of peracids using perhydrolytic enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

TRACERS AND METHOD OF MARKING LIQUIDS

Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes: adding 2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 10% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a 10 ml sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been shaken for 2 minutes with 0.5 g of fresh activated charcoal.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a 10 ml sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been shaken for 2 minutes with 0.5 g of fresh powdered sepiolitic clay.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with an equal volume of up to 5% aqueous HCl.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with an equal volume of up to 5% aqueous HSO.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with an equal volume of up to 5% aqueous HNO.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon liquid after a sample of the liquid containing from 50 to 1000 μg/l of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 2 Molar aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each A is selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group claim 1 , and (ii) a substituted phenyl group substituted with at least one halogen claim 1 , alkyl group or halogenated alkyl ...

OXYDATIONSMITTEL

OXYDATIONSMITTEL

ENZYMATISCHE HERSTELLUNG VON PERSÄUREN UNTER VERWENDUNG PERHYDROLYTISCHER ENZYME

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING FLUORESCENCE IN LIQUIDS

A method of measuring the fluorescence of a fluorescent marker compound dissolved or dispersed in a bulk material includes: (a) measuring a characteristic of the fluorescence of a mixture of said bulk material and said fluorescent marker compound; (b) quenching the fluorescence of the fluorescent marker compound to produce a quenched mixture; (c) measuring the characteristic of the fluorescence of the quenched mixture; (d) comparing the fluorescent characteristic of the mixture with the fluorescent characteristic of the quenched mixture; and (e) correcting the measured fluorescent emission characteristic for the effects of the absorbance of the bulk material. The measurement may be further corrected to account for the absorbance of the material which is also known to have an effect on the measured fluorescence. A method of tagging and identifying a bulk material with a fluorescent marker compound, and an apparatus for carrying out the methods are also described. 1. A method of measuring the fluorescence of a fluorescent marker compound dissolved or dispersed in a bulk material comprising the steps of:(a) measuring a characteristic of the fluorescence of a mixture of said bulk material and said fluorescent marker compound;(b) quenching the fluorescence of the fluorescent marker compound to produce a quenched mixture;(c) measuring the characteristic of the fluorescence of the quenched mixture;(d) comparing the fluorescent characteristic of the mixture with the fluorescent characteristic of the quenched mixture; and(e) correcting the measured fluorescent emission characteristic for the effects of the absorbance of the bulk material.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bulk material is a liquid.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said fluorescent marker compound is of a chemical class selected from the group consisting of phthalocyanines claim 1 , naphthalocyanines claim 1 , nickel dithiolenes claim 1 , aminium compounds claim 1 , methine dyes claim ...

Compositions and methods for prion decontamination

The invention relates to compositions and methods for prion degradation, decontamination or disinfection. The composition comprises an oxidizing agent, one or more proteases and a surfactant such as an ionic surfactant/detergent. The method comprises contacting a prion contaminated entity with a prion-degrading composition comprising an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, an effective amount of at least one protease, and an effective amount of a surfactant. The components of the composition may be contacted with a prion-contaminated entity sequentially or simultaneously using an aqueous composition. Typically at least two different proteases are used for optimal efficacy. Preferably the oxidizing agent comprises peracetyl ions or a source thereof. The invention also relates to kits comprising the various reagents.

Compositions and methods for prion decontamination

The invention relates to compositions and methods for prion degradation, decontamination or disinfection. The composition comprises an oxidizing agent, one or more proteases and a surfactant such as an ionic surfactant/detergent. The method comprises contacting a prion contaminated entity with a prion-degrading composition comprising an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, an effective amount of at least one protease, and an effective amount of a surfactant. The components of the composition may be contacted with a prion-contaminated entity sequentially or simultaneously using an aqueous composition. Typically at least two different proteases are used for optimal efficacy. Preferably the oxidizing agent comprises peracetyl ions or a source thereof. The invention also relates to kits comprising the various reagents.

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C1-C9 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl group and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (ii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iii) a linear, branched or cyclic ...

Compositions and methods for prion decontamination

The invention relates to compositions and methods for prion degradation, decontamination or disinfection. The composition comprises an oxidizing agent, one or more proteases and a surfactant such as an ionic surfactant/detergent. The method comprises contacting a prion contaminated entity with a prion-degrading composition comprising an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, an effective amount of at least one protease, and an effective amount of a surfactant. The components of the composition may be contacted with a prion-contaminated entity sequentially or simultaneously using an aqueous composition. Typically at least two different proteases are used for optimal efficacy. Preferably the oxidizing agent comprises peracetyl ions or a source thereof. The invention also relates to kits comprising the various reagents.

METHOD OF MAKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

A method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes the step of adding to the liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: 2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said tracer compound is present at a concentration of from 1 to 500 ppbv.3. The composition according to claim 1 , comprising more than one tracer compound.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrocarbon fuel or octane comprises a diesel fuel claim 1 , a gasoline fuel or a solvent.5. The composition according to wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon fuel or octane after a sample of the hydrocarbon fuel or octane containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has passed through a column of fresh activated charcoal.6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon fuel or octane after a sample of the hydrocarbon fuel or octane containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has passed through a column of fresh powdered sepiolitic clay.7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon fuel or octane after a sample of the hydrocarbon fuel or octane containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 10% aqueous HCl.8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon fuel or octane after a sample of the hydrocarbon fuel or octane containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with 10% aqueous NaOH.9. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tracer compound is retained in the hydrocarbon fuel or octane after a sample of the hydrocarbon fuel or octane containing from 10 to 15 ppbv of the tracer compound has been vigorously agitated in contact with methanolic KOH. The present invention concerns marking hydrocarbon ...

Enzymatic production of peracids using perhydrolytic enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

TRACERS AND METHOD OF MARKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes adding to the liquid, a tracer compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from a hydrogen, bromine, or fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently selected from a bromine, or fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C1-C9 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is selected from (i) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic or halogenated aliphatic group, (ii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iii) a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl group provided that when each Y is a fluorine atom, Z is not a linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl group.

METHOD OF TRACING FLOW OF HYDROCARBON FROM A SUBTERRANEAN RESERVOIR

A method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir including forming a dispersion, injecting a hydraulic fracturing fluid containing the dispersion down a well penetrating a hydrocarbon reservoir, thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon fluid flowing from the reservoir, and analysing the sample to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample. The dispersion includes a discontinuous condensed phase having a hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound and a continuous phase which includes an aqueous liquid. 1. A method of identifying the flow of reservoir fluids between a first well and a second well , the method comprising the steps of:a1) forming an emulsion of at least one hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound in an aqueous liquid and injecting a hydraulic fracture fluid containing the emulsion down a first well, ora2) forming an emulsion of at least one hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound in an aqueous liquid by adding the tracer compound or a solution of the tracer compound in a non-water miscible solvent to a hydraulic fracturing fluid and mixing the tracer or said solution of the tracer with hydraulic fracturing fluid during injection of the fracturing fluid down a first well,b) thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon flowing from the second well,c) analyzing the sample collected from the first well to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample from the second well andd) determining, from the results of said analysis, whether a flow of hydrocarbon has occurred from the first well to the second well.2. The method of claim 1 , where the emulsion comprises a discontinuous organic liquid phase and a continuous liquid phase claim 1 , said discontinuous organic liquid phase comprising a hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound and said continuous liquid phase comprising an aqueous liquid.3. The method of claim 1 , where the tracer compound substantially or fully partitions into a hydrocarbon within a reservoir ...

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition by means of surface-enhanced spectroscopy. The method comprises the steps of a. optionally, diluting the liquid composition or the separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b. bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy- enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper; c. obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d. calculating, from the spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

Compositions and methods for prion decontamination

The invention relates to compositions and methods for prion degradation, decontamination or disinfection. The composition comprises an oxidizing agent, one or more proteases and a surfactant such as an ionic surfactant/detergent. The method comprises contacting a prion contaminated entity with a prion-degrading composition comprising an effective amount of an oxidizing agent, an effective amount of at least one protease, and an effective amount of a surfactant. The components of the composition may be contacted with a prion-contaminated entity sequentially or simultaneously using an aqueous composition. Typically at least two different proteases are used for optimal efficacy. Preferably the oxidizing agent comprises peracetyl ions or a source thereof. The invention also relates to kits comprising the various reagents.

METHOD OF MARKING HYDROCARBON LIQUIDS

A method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes the step of 116-. (canceled)18. A method according to claim 17 , wherein claim 17 , when any of R-Ris a halogen or halogenated alkyl group claim 17 , the halogen atom is selected from bromine or fluorine and the halogenated alkyl group is a bromoalkyl or fluoroalkyl group.19. A method according to claim 17 , wherein at least two of R-Rin Formula I consist of substituents selected from the group consisting of fluorine claim 17 , bromine or a halogenated alkyl group.20. A method according to claim 17 , wherein none of R-Rin Formula I contains fused aromatic rings claim 17 , saturated heterocycles where the heteroatom is anything other than oxygen claim 17 , unsaturated heterocycles claim 17 , amino claim 17 , imino claim 17 , N-oxide claim 17 , nitro claim 17 , hydroxyl claim 17 , carboxyl claim 17 , ester claim 17 , amide claim 17 , acetal claim 17 , thiol claim 17 , thiol ethers claim 17 , disulfides claim 17 , sulfoxide claim 17 , sulfone claim 17 , sulfonate claim 17 , phosphite ester claim 17 , phosphate ester claim 17 , cationic claim 17 , anionic or zwitterionic groups; or metal containing substituents.21. A method according to claim 17 , wherein claim 17 , in Formula I claim 17 , each R-Ris selected from the group consisting of a bromine or fluorine atom; a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; a branched or cyclic C-Calkyl group; an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R-Rin Formula I to one another; or a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom claim 17 , an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group.22. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the tracer compound is selected from the group consisting of bis(3 claim 17 ,5-bis trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-diazene claim 17 , bis(3 claim 17 ,5-bis t-butyl-phenyl)-diazene claim 17 , bis(3-t-butyl claim 17 , 5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-diazene claim 17 , and (3 claim 17 ,5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-(3 claim 17 ,5-di-t-butylphenyl)-diazene ...

Method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir

A method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir including forming a dispersion, injecting a hydraulic fracturing fluid containing the dispersion down a well penetrating a hydrocarbon reservoir, thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon fluid flowing from the reservoir, and analyzing the sample to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample. The dispersion includes a discontinuous condensed phase having a hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound and a continuous phase which includes an aqueous liquid.

Método de identificar un material

LA INVENCIÓN SE REFIERE A UN MÉTODO PARA MEDIR LA CANTIDAD DE UN COMPUESTO SERS-ACTIVO PARTICULAR EN UNA MUESTRA DE UN LÍQUIDO ORGÁNICO QUE COMPRENDE LAS ETAPAS DE: A) MEZCLAR DICHA MUESTRA CON UN LÍQUIDO INMISCIBLE; B) SEPARAR LA MEZCLA EN AL MENOS UNA PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA FASE, EN DONDE DICHA PRIMERA FASE COMPRENDE EL LÍQUIDO INMISCIBLE Y DICHA SEGUNDA FASE COMPRENDE LA MUESTRA DE LÍQUIDO ORGÁNICO; C) TRATAR LA PRIMERA FASE PARA ELIMINAR LOS COMPUESTOS TRAZA QUE SE ORIGINAN EN EL LÍQUIDO ORGÁNICO PARA PROPORCIONAR UNA PRIMERA FASE TRATADA; D) DILUIR UNA MUESTRA DE DICHA PRIMERA FASE O PRIMERA FASE TRATADA; E) PONER EN CONTACTO DICHA MUESTRA DILUIDA Y TRATADA DE LA PRIMERA FASE CON UN SUSTRATO SERS; F) SOMETER DICHA MUESTRA DILUIDA Y TRATADA DE DICHA PRIMERA FASE Y EL SUSTRATO SERS A ESPECTROSCOPIA RAMAN EN PRESENCIA DE UN COMPUESTO ESTÁNDAR INTERNO; Y G) CALCULAR LA RELACIÓN DE (I) LA RESPUESTA DEL DETECTOR DE ESPECTROSCOPIA RAMAN AL COMPUESTO MARCADOR SERS-ACTIVO CON RESPECTO A (II) LA ...

Enzymatic Production Of Peracids Using Perhydrolytic Enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

Enzymatic production of peracids using perhydrolytic enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

Enzymatic Production Of Peracids Using Perhydrolytic Enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

Oxidising agents

Process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces and sporicide for use in the process

The invention discloses a process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous composition comprising 3 to 30 wt.% of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH valueof 6 to 8 for a period of 1 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 0 to 35 DEG C, wherein the process does not comprise any germination step.

Method of identifying a material

The invention concerns a method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active taggant compound in a sample of a material which includes the steps of adding an internal standard containing an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound to the sample, contacting the sample/internal standard mixture with a SERS substrate then subjecting the mixture and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy. The concentration of SERS-active taggant compound in the sample is then calculated from the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard.

TRACER AND METHOD OF IDENTIFYING TRACER IN PRODUCT

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition via surface-enhanced spectroscopy includes the steps of: a. optionally, diluting the liquid composition or the separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b. bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy-enhancing surface including gold, silver or copper; c. obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d. calculating, from the spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

METHOD OF TRACING FLOW OF HYDROCARBON FROM A SUBTERRANEAN RESERVOIR

A method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir including forming a dispersion, injecting a hydraulic fracturing fluid containing the dispersion down a well penetrating a hydrocarbon reservoir, thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon fluid flowing from the reservoir, and analysing the sample to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample. The dispersion includes a discontinuous condensed phase having a hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound and a continuous phase which includes an aqueous liquid. 1. A method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir comprising the steps of forming a dispersion consisting of a discontinuous condensed phase and a continuous liquid phase , said discontinuous condensed phase comprising a hydrocarbon -soluble tracer compound and said continuous liquid phase comprising an aqueous liquid , injecting a hydraulic fracturing fluid containing the dispersion down a well penetrating a hydrocarbon reservoir , thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon fluid flowing from the reservoir and analysing the sample to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample.2. A method according to wherein the tracer compound has a solubility in water between 50 and 120 degrees Celsius of less than 0.1 g/litre.3. A method according to wherein the partition coefficient of the tracer compound between the hydrocarbon/water is selected to be at least 1 claim 1 ,000.4. A method according to wherein the dispersion comprises an emulsion and said discontinuous phase comprises an organic liquid.5. A method according to wherein the discontinuous phase of the emulsion comprises a solution of a tracer compound in an organic solvent.6. A method according to wherein the dispersion comprises a colloidal dispersion and said discontinuous phase comprises particles of a colloidal solid.7. A method according to wherein said dispersion contains an additive selected from the group consisting of ...

Method and apparatus for measuring fluorescence in liquids

A method of measuring the fluorescence of a fluorescent marker compound dissolved or dispersed in a bulk material includes: (a) measuring a characteristic of the fluorescence of a mixture of said bulk material and said fluorescent marker compound; (b) quenching the fluorescence of the fluorescent marker compound to produce a quenched mixture; (c) measuring the characteristic of the fluorescence of the quenched mixture; (d) comparing the fluorescent characteristic of the mixture with the fluorescent characteristic of the quenched mixture; and (e) correcting the measured fluorescent emission characteristic for the effects of the absorbance of the bulk material. The measurement may be further corrected to account for the absorbance of the material which is also known to have an effect on the measured fluorescence. A method of tagging and identifying a bulk material with a fluorescent marker compound, and an apparatus for carrying out the methods are also described.

A disinfectant formulation

A disinfectant system is supplied in two packs, which when mixed together and diluted provides a disinfectant solution having the active peroxyacid disinfectant present at a suitable level. The system includes a first pack having a pH of from 7-9.5 and containing hydrogen peroxide, an alkali metal borate salt, and a peroxide solution. The second pack having a pH of from 6-10, has an activator - which reacts with hydrogen peroxide to generate the peroxyacid - a structuring electrolyte and a surfactant. Suitable ratios of first to second pack suitable are from 1:100 to 100:1 by weight. A corrosion inhibitor is included where the disinfectant is to be used in respect of metal surfaces. In order to activate the borate a diol containing compound is included which engages with the borate and assists in its solubilisation.

Enzymatic Production Of Peracids Using Perhydrolytic Enzymes

A process is provided to produce a concentrated aqueous peracid solution in situ using at least one enzyme having perhydrolase activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (at a concentration of at least 500 mM) under neutral to acidic reaction conditions from suitable carboxylic acid esters (including glycerides) and/or amides substrates. The concentrated peracid solution produced is sufficient for use in a variety of disinfection and/or bleaching applications.

Method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

A method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes the step of adding to the liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein at least one of R 1 -R 4 is selected from: i. a bromine or fluorine atom; ii. a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group; iii. a branched or cyclic C 4 -C 20 alkyl group; iv. an aliphatic substituent linking two positions selected from R 1 -R 4 in Formula I to one another; or v. a phenyl group substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic group or halogenated aliphatic group. The tracer compounds are resistant to removal from the fuel by chemical laundering or by contact with absorbents such as charcoal.

Tracers and method of marking liquids

Method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid includes: adding thereto, a tracer compound of Formula I: wherein, each A is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group, (ii) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (iii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iv) a linear branched or cyclic C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, and each B is independently selected from the group consisting of a (i) phenyl, (ii) phenylmethyl group, (iii) a cyclohexyl group, (iv) a cyclohexylmethyl group, (v) a substituted phenyl or phenylmethyl group in which the benzene ring is substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group and a linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 20 alkyl group or (vi) a linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 20 alkyl group.

METHOD OF IDENTIFYING A MATERIAL

The invention concerns a method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active taggant compound in a sample of a material which includes the steps of adding an internal standard containing an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound to the sample, contacting the sample/internal standard mixture with a SERS substrate then subjecting the mixture and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy. The concentration of SERS-active taggant compound in the sample is then calculated from the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard. 1. A method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active taggant compound in a sample of an organic liquid comprising the steps of:a) adding to said sample an internal standard comprising an isotopically-altered version of said SERS-active taggant compound;b) contacting said sample containing said internal standard with a SERS substrate;c) subjecting said sample and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy; andd) calculating the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard.2. (canceled)3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said organic liquid comprises a hydrocarbon claim 1 , fuel claim 1 , mineral oil claim 1 , vegetable oil claim 1 , organic solvent claim 1 , alcohol claim 1 , pharmaceutical claim 1 , agrochemical claim 1 , cosmetic claim 1 , or perfume.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said sample is dissolved or dispersed in a liquid prior to step (b).5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the SERS substrate comprises silver claim 1 , gold claim 1 , or copper.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the SERS substrate is in the form of a colloidal solution.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the SERS substrate is in the form of a planar material having ...

Method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir

A method of tracing flow of hydrocarbon from a subterranean reservoir including forming a dispersion, injecting a hydraulic fracturing fluid containing the dispersion down a well penetrating a hydrocarbon reservoir, thereafter collecting a sample of hydrocarbon fluid flowing from the reservoir, and analysing the sample to determine whether the tracer compound is present in the sample. The dispersion includes a discontinuous condensed phase having a hydrocarbon-soluble tracer compound and a continuous phase which includes an aqueous liquid.

TRACER AND METHOD OF IDENTIFYING TRACER IN PRODUCT

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition via surface-enhanced spectroscopy includes the steps of: 1. A method of identifying a liquid composition comprising at least one original liquid ingredient , said method comprising the steps of:a. adding a tracer compound to a known liquid composition containing said at least one original liquid ingredient to form a tagged known liquid composition;b. obtaining a sample of an unidentified liquid compositionc. optionally, diluting said sample of an unidentified liquid composition by mixing with a liquid;d. contacting said, optionally diluted, sample of the unidentified liquid with a spectroscopy-enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper;e. obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; andf. calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer relative to the concentration of said original liquid ingredient in the sample of the unidentified composition;g. comparing the relative concentration calculated in f with the corresponding relative concentration of the tracer and original liquid ingredient of the tagged known liquid composition.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the original liquid ingredient comprises a functional ingredient of the composition.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one Raman spectrum is a resonance Raman spectrum.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the concentration of said original liquid ingredient is estimated by a spectroscopic method.5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein said calculation comprises the step of comparing at least one characteristic of a first peak in a spectrum attributed to the tracer compound with at least one characteristic of a second peak in a spectrum attributed to said original liquid ingredient.6. A method according to claim 5 , wherein the first and second peaks occur in the same spectrum.7. A method according to claim 5 , wherein the first and second peaks occur in first and second ...

Identifiable chemical product

The invention is a process for manufacturing a chemical product which may be later identified and distinguished from similar chemical products, and comprises the steps of (i) forming a reaction mixture comprising chemical intermediate A, chemical intermediate B and marker chemical M (ii) providing the conditions which enable chemical intermediate A and chemical intermediate B to react together to form chemical product C, and for marker chemical M to react either with chemical intermediate A to form a marker product AM or with chemical product C to form a marker product CM (iii) after said reactions have taken place, separating a mixture of product C with product AM and/or a mixture of product C with marker product CM from the reaction mix tune wherein product AM and product CM are both distinguishable from product C by analysis. By using the method of the invention, the marked product is formed in situ and in a mixture with unmarked product.

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

Tracers and method of marking hydrocarbon liquids

The invention concerns a method of marking a hydrocarbon liquid comprising the step of adding to said liquid, as a tracer compound, a compound of Formula I: wherein, each X is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a linear, branched or cyclic C 1 –C 20 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an alkyl group or a halogenated alkyl group; each Y is independently selected from the group consisting of a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group, a branched or cyclic C 1 –C 9 alkyl group and a phenyl group substituted with at least one alkyl group and/or a halogenated alkyl group; Z is selected from the group consisting of (i) a phenyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, an aliphatic group or a halogenated aliphatic group, (ii) a partially or fully halogenated alkyl group or (iii) a linear, branched or cyclic C 1 –C 20 alkyl group with the proviso that when each Y is a fluorine atom, Z is not a linear or branched C 1 -C 20 alkyl group..

Method of identifying a material

Measuring the amount of SERS-active taggant compound in an organic liquid sample comprises: mixing said sample with an immiscible liquid; separating the mixture into a first phase comprising the immiscible liquid and a second phase comprising the organic liquid sample; treating the first phase to remove trace compounds of the organic liquid, and diluting it; contacting the diluted and treated first phase with a SERS substrate and subjecting them to Raman spectroscopy in the presence of an internal standard compound; and calculating the ratio of the Raman spectroscopy detector responses to the taggant and the internal standard. In aspects, this ratio is compared to a value obtained for a reference material containing a known amount of taggant to compare the organic liquid sample with the reference sample and determine whether the former is a sample of the latter. The method is particularly useful for identifying and detecting adulteration of a sample of hydrocarbon fuel.

process for manufacturing a chemical, and, composition.

a invenção é um processo para fabricação de um produto químico que pode ser mais tarde identificado e distinguido de produtos químicos semelhantes, e compreende as etapas de (i) formar uma mistura de reação compreendendo intermediário químico a, intermediário químico b e marcador químico m (ii) fornecendo as condições que permitem que o intermediário químico a e o intermediário químico b reajam em conjunto para formar o produto químico c, e para o marcador químico m reagir com o intermediário químico a para formar um produto marcador am ou com o produto químico c para formar um produto marcador cm (iii) após as referidas reações terem ocorrido, separar uma mistura do produto c com o produto am e/ou uma mistura do produto c com o produto marcador cm da mistura reacional em que o pm do produto e cm produto são ambos distinguível do produto c determinado por análise. ao utilizar o método da invenção, o produto marcado é formado in situ e em mistura com produto não marcado. The invention is a process for manufacturing a chemical which can be later identified and distinguished from similar chemicals, and comprises the steps of (i) forming a reaction mixture comprising chemical intermediate a, chemical intermediate b and chemical marker m (ii ) providing the conditions that allow chemical intermediate a and chemical intermediate b to react together to form chemical c, and for chemical marker m to react with chemical intermediate a to form a marker product am or chemical c to form a marker product cm (iii) after said reactions have taken place, separate a mixture of product c and product am and / or a mixture of product c and marker product cm from the reaction mixture wherein the product pm and product are both distinguishable from the product is determined by analysis. By using the method of the invention, the labeled product is formed in situ and in admixture with unlabeled product.

Method of identifying a material

The invention concerns a method of measuring the amount of a particular SERS-active compound in a sample of an organic liquid comprising the steps of:- a) mixing said sample with an immiscible liquid; b) separating the mixture into at least a first and second phase, wherein said first phase comprises the immiscible liquid and said second phase comprises the sample of organic liquid; c) treating the first phase to remove trace compounds originating from the organic liquid to provide a treated first phase; d) diluting a sample of said first phase or treated first phase; e) contacting said diluted and treated sample of first phase with a SERS substrate f) subjecting said diluted and treated sample of said first phase and SERS substrate to Raman spectroscopy in the presence of an internal standard compound; and g) calculating the ratio of (i) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the SERS-active taggant compound to (ii) the Raman spectroscopy detector response to the internal standard compound. The method is particularly useful for determining the amount of a SERS-active taggant in a sample of fuel.

Bleichmittelzusammensetzungen

Process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces and sporicide for use in the process

A process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous composition comprising 3 to 30 wt.% of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of 6 to 8 for a period of 1 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 0 to 35°C, wherein the process does not comprise any germination step.

Process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces and sporicide for use in the process

A process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces by contacting the surfaces with an aqueous composition comprising 3 to 30 wt.% of hydrogen peroxide and having a pH value of 6 to 8 for a period of 1 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 0 to 35°C, wherein the process does not comprise any germination step.

Oxydationsmittel

Bleichmittelzusammensetzungen

Process for eliminating bacterial spores on surfaces and sporicide for use in the process

Method and apparatus for measuring fluorescence in liquids

The invention concerns a method of tagging a bulk material with a fluorescent marker compound and subsequently identifying the fluorescent compound by measuring its fluorescent emission, wherein the fluorescence of the tagged sample is measured before and after quenching the fluorescent compound in order to correct the measured fluorescence for the effect of the inherent fluorescent properties of the bulk material itself. The measurement may be further corrected to account for the absorbance of the material which is also known to have an effect on the measured fluorescence. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also described.

Method and apparatus for measuring fluorescence in liquids

The invention concerns a method of tagging a bulk material with a fluorescent marker compound and subsequently identifying the fluorescent compound by measuring its fluorescent emission, wherein the fluorescence of the tagged sample is measured before and after quenching the fluorescent compound in order to correct the measured fluorescence for the effect of the inherent fluorescent properties of the bulk material itself. The measurement may be further corrected to account for the absorbance of the material which is also known to have an effect on the measured fluorescence. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also described.

Métodos para medir a fluorescência de um composto marcador fluorescente, e para identificar um material a granel, e, aparelho

métodos para medir a fluorescência de um composto marcador fluorescente, e para identificar um material a granel, e, aparelho a invenção refere-se a um método de etiquetar um material a granel com um composto marcador fluorescente e, subsequentemente, identificar o composto fluorescente medindo-se sua emissão fluorescente, em que a fluorescência da amostra etiquetada é medida antes de e após extinguir o composto fluorescente, a fim de corrigir a fluorescência medida para o efeito das propriedades fluorescentes inerentes do próprio material a granel. a medição pode ser ainda corrigida para ser responsável pela absorbância do material que é também sabido ter um efeito sobre a fluorescência medida. também é descrito um aparelho para realizar o método.

Oxydationsmittel

Tracer and method of identifying tracer in product

A method of detecting a tracer compound dissolved in a liquid composition by means of surface- enhanced spectroscopy comprises the steps of: a.optionally, diluting said liquid composition or said separated liquid by mixing with a diluent liquid; b.bringing a sample of the separated liquid into contact with, a spectroscopy- enhancing surface comprising gold, silver or copper; c.obtaining a Raman spectrum from the sample; and d.calculating, from said spectrum, the concentration of the tracer in the sample relative to the concentration of a second component of the composition.

Identifiable chemical product

The invention is a process for manufacturing a chemical product which may be later identified and distinguished from similar chemical products, and comprises the steps of (i) forming a reaction mixture comprising chemical intermediate A, chemical intermediate B and marker chemical M (ii) providing the conditions which enable chemical intermediate A and chemical intermediate B to react together to form chemical product C, and for marker chemical M to react either with chemical intermediate A to form a marker product AM or with chemical product C to form a marker product CM (iii) after said reactions have taken place, separating a mixture of product C with product AM and/or a mixture of product C with marker product CM from the reaction mixture wherein product AM and product CM are both distinguishable from product C by analysis. By using the method of the invention, the marked product is formed in situ and in a mixture with unmarked product.

Process for manufacturing an identifiable chemical product

Identifiable chemical product

Identifiable chemical product

The invention is a process for manufacturing a chemical product which may be later identified and distinguished from similar chemical products, and comprises the steps of (i) forming a reaction mixture comprising chemical intermediate A, chemical intermediate B and marker chemical M (ii) providing the conditions which enable chemical intermediate A and chemical intermediate B to react together to form chemical product C, and for marker chemical M to react either with chemical intermediate A to form a marker product AM or with chemical product C to form a marker product CM (iii) after said reactions have taken place, separating a mixture of product C with product AM and/or a mixture of product C with marker product CM from the reaction mixture wherein product AM and product CM are both distinguishable from product C by analysis. By using the method of the invention, the marked product is formed in situ and in a mixture with unmarked product.

método de marcação de um líquido de hidrocarboneto, e, composição líquida