Uv-irradiated hollow fiber membranes

The present invention relates to porous hollow fiber membranes suitable for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration or hemofiltration of blood and processes for their production involving UV irradiation of the membrane.

FILTRATION DEVICE

The present disclosure relates to a filtration device comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, a process for its production, and its use for the dead-end filtration of infusion liquids. 1. A filtration device comprising:i. a header section having an inlet for a liquid;ii. a disk having a plurality of bores, each bore holding a first end of a semipermeable hollow fiber membrane protruding from the disk, the semipermeable hollow fiber membrane being sealed at its second end; andiii. a tubular section having an outlet for a liquid;wherein the header section covers a first face of the disk; andwherein the tubular section covers a second face of the disk opposite to the first face, and enclosing the plurality of semipermeable hollow fiber membranes;wherein the header section, the disk, and the tubular section each comprise a thermoplastic polymer; andwherein the disk comprises an IR-absorptive pigment selected from the group consisting of carbon black IR-absorptive inorganic pigments and IR-absorptive organic pigments.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the IR-absorptive material comprises a phthalocyanine.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the IR-absorptive material comprises carbon black.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is PETG.5. The filtration device of claim 1 , wherein both the header section and the tubular section are bonded to the disk.6. The filtration device of claim 1 , wherein both the header section and the tubular section are welded to the disk.7. The filtration device of claim 1 , wherein the semipermeable hollow fiber membranes have an inner diameter of from about 2.8 mm to about 4.0 mm claim 1 , and a wall thickness of from about 100 μm to about 500 μm claim 1 , the ratio of inner diameter to wall thickness being larger than about 10.8. The filtration device of claim 1 , wherein the semipermeable hollow fiber membranes have a mean flow pore size claim 1 , determined by capillary flow porometry claim 1 , in the range ...

PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUSLY WASHING A HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANE FOR DEPLETING RESIDUALS

Continuous processes for depleting residuals in hollow fiber membranes comprising polysulfone or polyethersulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone by rinsing the membranes while compressing them in a pinching device comprising grooved rollers.

Degassing device

A degassing device for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid is provided, the degassing device comprising a housing having a liquid inlet (11), a liquid outlet and a gas bubble outlet, the housing further comprising a spiral wall (14) defining a spiral flow path for the liquid and a hydrophobic membrane placed above the spiral wall (14) and between the spiral wall (14) and the gas bubble outlet, the spiral wall forcing inward flux liquid entering into the housing through the inlet into a spiral flow along the spiral flow path, and causing an upward flow of the gas bubbles towards the hydrophobic membrane. Use of such a degassing device in an extracorporeal circuit for degassing gas bubbles out of blood and a method for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid, particularly out of blood, particularly during haemodialysis, haemofiltration, and haemodiafiltration is disclosed.

Apparatus and process for producing a filter element

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus used in the production of a sterilizing filter for dead-end filtration of medical liquids which comprises a plurality of microporous hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter, and to a process for operating the apparatus.

filtration device

a presente divulgação refere-se a um dispositivo de filtração que compreende uma pluralidade de membranas de fibra oca, um processo para sua produção, e seu uso para a filtração sem saída de líquidos de infusão. the present disclosure relates to a filtration device that comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, a process for their production, and their use for the filtration without leaving infusion liquids.

Filtration device

The present disclosure relates to a filtration device comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, a process for its production, and its use for the dead-end filtration of infusion liquids.

Hydrophobic deaeration membrane

The invention relates to an optimized deaeration membrane having a biocompatible coating composition, methods for preparing the membrane and the use of the membrane in medical devices for separating air from liquids that are administered to a living subject, e.g. blood processing devices used in dialysis or the like.

Degassing device

A degassing device (10) for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid is provided, the degassing device comprising a housing having a liquid inlet (11), a liquid outlet and a gas bubble outlet, the housing further comprising a spiral wall (14) defining a spiral flow path for the liquid and a hydrophobic membrane placed above the spiral wall and between the spiral wall and the gas bubble outlet, the spiral wall forcing inward flux liquid entering into the housing through the inlet into a spiral flow along the spiral flow path, and causing an upward flow of the gas bubbles towards the hydrophobic membrane. Use of such a degassing device in an extracorporeal circuit for degassing gas bubbles out of blood and a method for degassing gas bubbles out of a liquid, particularly out of blood, particularly during haemodialysis, haemofiltration, and haemodiaf iltration is disclosed.

Capillary dialyzers

The present invention relates to a capillary dialyzer for blood purification which does not comprise end caps, sealing rings, or support rings.

Diffusion device

The present disclosure relates to a diffusion device, such as a blood oxygenator or gas exchanger, and a process for its production. The diffusion device is used in the removal of carbon dioxide from blood.

Process for continuously washing a hollow fiber membrane for depleting residuals

Continuous processes for depleting residuals in hollow fiber membranes comprising polysulfone or polyethersulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone by rinsing the membranes while compressing them in a pinching device comprising grooved rollers.

Electrical device for the remote control of several machines or mechanisms

Hollow fiber membrane transport cartridge

The present disclosure relates to a cartridge for a plurality of dry hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter. The cartridge fastens the capillaries in their position and protects them from damage. The present disclosure also relates to an apparatus and a process for cutting a plurality of dry hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter.

Adhesion strength detection system and method

An adhesion strength detection system (10) includes: a die assembly (20) including a lower die (22), a fixture (30) fitted to the lower die (22), and a piston (40) insertable into the fixture (30), wherein a sample (100) may be fitted between the lower die (22) and the fixture (30), such that the piston (40) may come to rest on the sample (100); and a tensile testing machine (12) structured to accept the die assembly (20), the tensile testing machine (12) storing a force application program suitable for the sample (40), wherein the force application program when executed causes the piston (100) to be moved against the sample (100), the tensile testing machine (12) further configured to measure a resistive force applied by the sample (100) while the piston (40) is moved at least until delamination within the sample (100) occurs.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b, such as a bacteria reduction or sterilizing grade filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) prior to exiting the filter set (100), the filter set (100) further including a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) without contacting the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Process for continuously washing a hollow fibre membrane for depleting residuals

The present disclosure relates to continuous processes for depleting residuals in hollow fiber membranes comprising polysulfone or polyethersulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone by means of rinsing the membranes while compressing them in a pinching device (20) comprising grooved rollers (22).

Device for cutting hollow fiber membranes

The present disclosure relates to a device and a process for cutting hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a capillary patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) (which may be a dual lumen patient line) extending from the PD machine (20); a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (120, e.g., sterilizing grade or bacteria reduction hollow fiber membranes) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through porous walls of the hollow fiber membranes (120) prior to exiting the filter set (100).

Peritoneal dialysis system having an air return patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including an air diverting net (112) configured to divert air from PD fluid flowing through the filter set (100); and an air return line (58) positioned to return PD fluid containing air back to the PD machine (20).

Peritoneal dialysis system including a patient line filter having a tubular membrane

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) including a filter housing (102) having a tubular filter membrane (120, such as a sterilizing grade or bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged to filter fresh PD fluid flowing radially across the tubular filter membrane (120), and a transfer set-side port (106p) positioned and arranged to receive (i) filtered fresh PD fluid during a patient fill and (ii) used PD fluid during a patient drain.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b, such as a bacteria reduction or sterilizing grade filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) prior to exiting the filter set (100), the filter set (100) further including a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) without contacting the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a filter membrane (120, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the filter membrane (120) into a filtered fluid compartment (106f), wherein the filtered fluid compartment (106f) includes an outlet (106t) to a port (106p), and wherein the port (106p) is in fluid communication with a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the filter membrane (120) without contacting the filter membrane (120). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b, such as a bacteria reduction or sterilizing grade filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) prior to exiting the filter set (100), the filter set (100) further including a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) without contacting the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system including a patient line filter having a membrane sheet

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) including a filter housing (102) having an upper housing plate (102u) and a lower housing plate (102l), and a filter membrane (112, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) located between the upper housing plate (102u) and the lower housing plate (102l), the filter set (100) further including a lumen-side connector (104) configured to connect to the patient line (50), the lumen-side connector (104) connected to the filter housing (102) via at least one of a fresh PD fluid tube (106a) or a used PD fluid tube (106b). A method for manufacturing the filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a capillary patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) (which may be a dual lumen patient line) extending from the PD machine (20); a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (120, e.g., sterilizing grade or bacteria reduction hollow fiber membranes) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through porous walls of the hollow fiber membranes (120) prior to exiting the filter set (100).

Peritoneal dialysis system including a patient line filter having a tubular membrane

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) including a filter housing (102) having a tubular filter membrane (120, such as a sterilizing grade or bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged to filter fresh PD fluid flowing radially across the tubular filter membrane (120), and a transfer set-side port (106p) positioned and arranged to receive (i) filtered fresh PD fluid during a patient fill and (ii) used PD fluid during a patient drain.

Peritoneal dialysis system having an air return patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including an air diverting net (112) configured to divert air from PD fluid flowing through the filter set (100); and an air return line (58) positioned to return PD fluid containing air back to the PD machine (20).

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a filter membrane (120, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the filter membrane (120) into a filtered fluid compartment (106f), wherein the filtered fluid compartment (106f) includes an outlet (106t) to a port (106p), and wherein the port (106p) is in fluid communication with a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the filter membrane (120) without contacting the filter membrane (120). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system including a patient line filter having a membrane sheet

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) including a filter housing (102) having an upper housing plate (102u) and a lower housing plate (102l), and a filter membrane (112, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) located between the upper housing plate (102u) and the lower housing plate (102l), the filter set (100) further including a lumen-side connector (104) configured to connect to the patient line (50), the lumen-side connector (104) connected to the filter housing (102) via at least one of a fresh PD fluid tube (106a) or a used PD fluid tube (106b). A method for manufacturing the filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a filter membrane (120, e.g., a sterilizing grade filter membrane or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the filter membrane (120) into a filtered fluid compartment (106f), wherein the filtered fluid compartment (106f) includes an outlet (106o) to a port (106p), and wherein the port (106p) is in fluid communication with a circumferential used PD fluid channel (106c) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid around the filter membrane (120) without contacting the filter membrane (120). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Device for cutting hollow fiber membranes

The present disclosure relates to a device and a process for cutting hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a filter membrane (120, e.g., a sterilizing grade filter membrane or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the filter membrane (120) into a filtered fluid compartment (106f), wherein the filtered fluid compartment (106f) includes an outlet (106o) to a port (106p), and wherein the port (106p) is in fluid communication with a circumferential used PD fluid channel (106c) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid around the filter membrane (120) without contacting the filter membrane (120). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Puppenstube.

Dispositivo de filtração para a filtração sem saída de líquidos de infusão e processo para a produção do mesmo

a presente divulgação refere-se a um dispositivo de filtração que compreende uma pluralidade de membranas de fibra oca, um processo para sua produção, e seu uso para a filtração sem saída de líquidos de infusão.

Elektrisk Anlæg til Igangsætning af et større Antal Maskiner.

Omnibus 2-stockig oder omnibus mit anhaenger.

Apparatus and process for producing a filter element

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal provisto de un filtro de canula del paciente.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal (DP) (10) incluye una máquina de DP (20); una cánula del paciente (50) que se extiende desde la máquina de DP (20); y un conjunto filtrante (100) en comunicación fluida con la cánula del paciente (50), el conjunto filtrante (100) que incluye una membrana filtrante (120), tal como un grado estéril o una membrana filtrante reductora de bacterias, colocada y dispuesta de forma que el fluido fresco de DP fluya a través de la membrana filtrante (120) hacia un compartimento de fluido filtrado (106f), en donde el compartimento de fluido filtrado (106f) incluye una salida (106t) a un puerto (106p), y en donde el puerto (106p) está en comunicación fluida con un tubo de fluido de DP usado (106u) colocado y dispuesto para transportar fluido de DP usado alrededor de la membrana filtrante (120) sin entrar en contacto con la membrana filtrante (120). También se describe un método para cebar el conjunto filtrante (100).

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal que incluye un filtro en la sonda del paciente provisto de una lamina de membrana.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal (DP)(10) incluye una máquina de DP (20); una sonda del paciente (50) que se extiende desde la máquina de DP (20); y un conjunto de filtros (100) que incluye un alojamiento del filtro (102) que tiene una placa de alojamiento superior (102u) y una placa de alojamiento inferior (102l), y una membrana de filtrado (112, tal como una membrana de filtrado de calidad esterilizante o de reducción de bacterias) ubicada entre la placa de alojamiento superior (102u) y la placa de alojamiento inferior (102l), el conjunto de filtros (100) incluye además un conector lateral del lumen (104) configurado para conectarse a la sonda del paciente (50), el conector lateral del lumen (104) está conectado al alojamiento del filtro (102) a través de al menos uno de un tubo de fluido de la DP recién obtenido (106a) o un tubo de fluido de la DP usado (106b). También se describe un método para fabricar el conjunto de filtros (100).

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal que incluye un filtro de sonda del paciente provisto de una membrana tubular.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal ("DP") (10) incluye una máquina de DP (20); una sonda del paciente (50) que se extiende desde la máquina de DP (20); y un conjunto de filtrado (100) que incluye un alojamiento del filtro (102) que tiene una membrana de filtrado tubular (120, tal como una membrana del filtro para la reducción de bacterias o de grado de esterilización) colocada y dispuesta para filtrar fluido de DP recién obtenido que fluye radialmente a través de la membrana de filtrado tubular (120), y un puerto lateral del conjunto de transferencia (106p) colocado y dispuesto para recibir (i) fluido de DP recién obtenido y filtrado durante un llenado del paciente y (ii) fluido de DP usado durante un drenado del paciente.

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal que tiene un filtro en la linea del paciente.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal ("PD") (10) incluye una máquina de PD (20); una línea del paciente (50) que se extiende desde la máquina de PD (20); y un set de filtro (100) en comunicación fluida con la línea del paciente (50), el set de filtro (100) que incluye por lo menos una membrana de filtro (120a, 120b, como una membrana de filtro de reducción de bacterias o grado de esterilización) posicionada y dispuesta de tal forma que el fluido de PD fresco fluye a través de por lo menos una membrana de filtro (120a, 120b) antes de salir del set de filtro (100), el set de filtro (100) además que incluye un tubo de fluido de PD usado (106u) posicionado y dispuesto para portar paso de fluido de PD usado a la por lo menos una membrana de filtro (120a, 120b) sin contactar la por lo menos una membrana de filtro (120a, 120b). Se describe también un método para cebar el set de filtro (100).

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal provisto de un filtro de canula del paciente.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal (DP) (10) incluye una máquina de DP (20); una cánula del paciente que se extiende desde la máquina de DP (20); y un conjunto filtrante (100) en comunicación fluida con la cánula del paciente (50), el conjunto filtrante (100) que incluye una membrana filtrante (120) colocada y dispuesta de forma que el fluido fresco de DP fluya a través de la membrana filtrante (120) hacia un compartimento de fluido filtrado (106f), en donde el compartimento de fluido filtrado (106f) incluye una salida (106o) a un puerto (106p), y en donde el puerto (106p) está en comunicación fluida con un canal de fluido de DP circunferencial usado (106c) colocado y dispuesto para transportar fluido de DP usado alrededor de la membrana filtrante (120) sin entrar en contacto, o limitando el contacto, con la membrana filtrante (120). También se describe un método para cebar el conjunto filtrante (100).

Peritoneal dialysis system including a patient line filter having a membrane sheet

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) including a filter housing (102) having an upper housing plate (102u) and a lower housing plate (102l), and a filter membrane (112, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) located between the upper housing plate (102u) and the lower housing plate (102l), the filter set (100) further including a lumen-side connector (104) configured to connect to the patient line (50), the lumen-side connector (104) connected to the filter housing (102) via at least one of a fresh PD fluid tube (106a) or a used PD fluid tube (106b). A method for manufacturing the filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a filter membrane (120, such as a sterilizing grade or a bacteria reduction filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the filter membrane (120) into a filtered fluid compartment (106f), wherein the filtered fluid compartment (106f) includes an outlet (106t) to a port (106p), and wherein the port (106p) is in fluid communication with a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the filter membrane (120) without contacting the filter membrane (120). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Apparatus and process for producing a filter element

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus used in the production of a sterilizing filter for dead-end filtration of medical liquids which comprises a plurality of microporous hollow fiber membranes having a large inner diameter, and to a process for operating the apparatus.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) extending from the PD machine (20); and a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b, such as a bacteria reduction or sterilizing grade filter membrane) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) prior to exiting the filter set (100), the filter set (100) further including a used PD fluid tube (106u) positioned and arranged to carry used PD fluid past the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b) without contacting the at least one filter membrane (120a, 120b). A method for priming filter set (100) is also disclosed.

Peritoneal dialysis system having a capillary patient line filter

A peritoneal dialysis ("PD") system (10) includes a PD machine (20); a patient line (50) (which may be a dual lumen patient line) extending from the PD machine (20); a filter set (100) in fluid communication with the patient line (50), the filter set (100) including a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (120, e.g., sterilizing grade or bacteria reduction hollow fiber membranes) positioned and arranged such that fresh PD fluid flows through porous walls of the hollow fiber membranes (120) prior to exiting the filter set (100).

Sistema de dialisis peritoneal provisto de un filtro capilar de la sonda del paciente.

Un sistema de diálisis peritoneal ("DP") (10) incluye una máquina de DP (20); una sonda del paciente (50) (que puede ser una sonda del paciente con doble lumen) que se extiende desde la máquina de DP (20); un conjunto de filtros (100) en comunicación fluida con la sonda del paciente (50), el conjunto de filtros (100) incluye una pluralidad de membranas de fibra hueca (120, por ejemplo, membranas de fibra hueca de calidad esterilizante o de reducción de bacterias) colocadas y dispuestas de manera que el fluido de la DP recién obtenido fluya a través de las paredes porosas de las membranas de fibra hueca (120) antes de salir del conjunto de filtros (100).