Method and apparatus for internal combustion engine system with improved turbocharging

Systems, methods, apparatus provide improved turbocharging of an internal combustion engine. A single, discrete turbocharger is affixed to each engine combustion cylinder. Turbochargers can be mounted to their associated cylinders in close proximity, thus harvesting higher energy exhaust gases from each combustion cylinder. Tip in and spool up responses can be further improved using low rotational inertia turbochargers that can operate effectively across a wide range of engine operational speeds. Controlled balancing valves between cylinder exhaust lines can deliver exhaust gases from a single cylinder selectively to multiple turbochargers in appropriate operational conditions. Moreover, multiple turbochargers' compressors can be configured in series to achieve pressurization compounding of combustion air for low RPM operation. Nesting of turbochargers relative to one another permits improved mounting of each turbocharger in close proximity to its corresponding combustion cylinder.

Method and apparatus for internal combustion engine system with improved turbocharging

Systems, methods, apparatus provide improved turbocharging of an internal combustion engine. A single, discrete turbocharger is affixed to each engine combustion cylinder. Turbochargers can be mounted to their associated cylinders in close proximity, thus harvesting higher energy exhaust gases from each combustion cylinder. Tip in and spool up responses can be further improved using low rotational inertia turbochargers that can operate effectively across a wide range of engine operational speeds. Controlled balancing valves between cylinder exhaust lines can deliver exhaust gases from a single cylinder selectively to multiple turbochargers in appropriate operational conditions. Moreover, multiple turbochargers' compressors can be configured in series to achieve pressurization compounding of combustion air for low RPM operation. Nesting of turbochargers relative to one another permits improved mounting of each turbocharger in close proximity to its corresponding combustion cylinder.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEM WITH IMPROVED TURBOCHARGING

Systems, methods, apparatus provide improved turbocharging of an internal combustion engine. A single, discrete turbocharger is affixed to each engine combustion cylinder. Turbochargers can be mounted to their associated cylinders in close proximity, thus harvesting higher energy exhaust gases from each combustion cylinder. Tip in and spool up responses can be further improved using low rotational inertia turbochargers that can operate effectively across a wide range of engine operational speeds. Controlled balancing valves between cylinder exhaust lines can deliver exhaust gases from a single cylinder selectively to multiple turbochargers in appropriate operational conditions. Moreover, multiple turbochargers' compressors can be configured in series to achieve pressurization compounding of combustion air for low RPM operation. Nesting of turbochargers relative to one another permits improved mounting of each turbocharger in close proximity to its corresponding combustion cylinder.

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Transport Logistics Systems and Methods

A logistics system manages the shipments of goods supplied from a plurality of different shippers by a plurality of carriers. It has a variety of modules integrated with each other to perform various functionalities. For example, it may have a purchasing module evaluating proposals by shippers for respective shipments of goods and awarding contracts for the shipments to the plurality of carriers. It may have an optimization module analyzing the proposals and informing the purchasing module if an opportunity exists for at least some of the shipments to be consolidated, in which case at least one contract awarded by the purchasing module is for a consolidated group of the shipments. It may have a contract administration module maintaining information relating to the status of proposals received and contracts awarded by the purchasing module. It may have a scheduling module scheduling shipments according to the awarded contracts. It may also have a shipment management module tracking the status of shipments awarded by the purchasing module and scheduled by said scheduling module. It may further have a financial module authorizing payments according to the status of shipments tracked by the shipment management module are passed between first and second asynchronous clock domains.

COCHLEAR IMPLANT INSERTION METHOD AND SYSTEM

Techniques for insertion of a cochlear implant include using a rotatable manipulator magnet to steer the tip of the cochlear implant. Steering can use magnetic torque and/or force between the manipulator magnet and a magnetic element coupled to the tip of the cochlear implant to control bending of the cochlear implant. 1. A system for insertion of a cochlear implant into a cochlea , the system comprising:a positioner configured to provide linear positioning of a removably attached cochlear implant, wherein the cochlear implant comprises a magnetic element;a rotatable manipulator magnet configured to provide a rotatable magnetic field; anda control subsystem coupled to the positioner and to the rotatable manipulator magnet, the control subsystem being configured to coordinate linear movement of the cochlear implant with rotation of the manipulator magnet to maintain a magnetic axis of the manipulator magnet at a desired angle relative to a magnetic axis of the magnetic element.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a second positioner configured to provide linear positioning of the rotatable manipulator magnet.3. The system of claim 1 , where the rotatable manipulator magnet comprises:a rotator; anda permanent magnet coupled to said rotator.4. The system of claim 1 , where the rotatable manipulator magnet comprises an electromagnet.5. A system for insertion into a cochlea of a cochlear implant having a magnetic element claim 1 , the system comprising:a positioning means for linearly positioning the cochlear implant in a direction substantially aligned with a longitudinal axis of the cochlear implant; anda source means for generating a rotatable magnetic field originated from a localized source relative to the cochlea; anda rotation means for rotating the rotatable magnetic field wherein a magnetic torque applied to the magnetic element of the cochlear implant controls bending of the cochlear implant around the spiral axis of the cochlea while simultaneously ...

SYNERGISTIC INDUCTION AND TURBOCHARGING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEMS

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other. 1. An internal combustion engine system comprising: a first cylinder having a first cylinder displacement;', a first intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a first intake port; and', 'a second intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the first cylinder from a second intake port; and, 'a first intake valve system comprising, a first throttle plate operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the first intake port, wherein the first throttle plate and the first intake valve define a first throttle-to-intake volume in a first intake channel; and', 'a second throttle plate operationally affixed to control combustion air flow into the first cylinder through the second intake port, wherein the second throttle plate and the second intake valve define a second throttle-to-intake volume in a second intake channel;', 'wherein the sum of the first throttle-to-intake volume plus the second throttle-to-intake volume is not more than 80% of the first cylinder displacement;, 'a first induction system comprising ...

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

SYNERGISTIC INDUCTION AND TURBOCHARGING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEMS

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other. 1. An internal combustion engine system comprising: a cylinder having a cylinder displacement;', a first intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the cylinder from a first intake port; and', 'a second intake valve controlling admission of combustion air to the cylinder from a second intake port;, 'an intake valve system comprising, 'an exhaust valve system comprising one or more exhaust valves controlling discharge of exhaust gas from the cylinder to one or more exhaust ports; and', a first throttle operationally affixed to control air flow through the first intake port, wherein the first throttle and the first intake valve define a first throttle-to-intake volume in a first intake channel; and', 'a second throttle operationally affixed to control air flow through the second intake port, wherein the second throttle and the second intake valve define a second throttle-to-intake volume in a second intake channel;', 'wherein the sum of the first throttle-to-intake volume plus the second throttle-to-intake volume is not more than 80% of the cylinder displacement; and, 'an ...

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Synergistic Induction And Turbocharging In Internal Combustion Engine Systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other. 1. An internal combustion engine system comprising: a cylinder having a first intake valve, a second intake valve and an exhaust valve system;', a first throttle operationally affixed to control cylinder combustion air flow through a first intake port and the first intake valve; and', 'a second throttle operationally affixed to control cylinder combustion air flow through a second intake port and the second intake valve; and, 'a throttle mechanism operationally affixed in close proximity to the first and second intake valves, the throttle mechanism comprising, 'a turbocharger system configured to receive exhaust gas from the plurality of cylinder assemblies., 'multiple cylinder assemblies, each cylinder assembly comprising2. The engine system of wherein each cylinder has a cylinder displacement and an intake volume claim 1 , wherein the intake volume for each cylinder is less than or equal to either 80% or 60% of the cylinder displacement claim 1 , the intake volume being equal to the volume between the first throttle and the cylinder's first intake valve plus the volume between the second ...

SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY (SMA) HINGE APPARATUS, AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS EMPLOYING SAME

A controllable shape memory alloy (SMA) hinge apparatus comprises multiple SMA elements to effect a first angle of rotation and a second angle of rotation between a first object and a second object. In one example, respective SMA elements are independently activated by Joule heating to rotate the first object and/or the second object. SMA elements undergo a three-dimensional transformation (e.g., bending or torsion), and a pair of elements may undergo antagonistic transformations so as to provide for a multiple-use bidirectional non-continuous rotary actuator. SMA elements may be trained to achieve different angles of rotations between the objects (e.g., zero degrees and 90 degrees). SMA elements may be nitinol, and may be formed as wires, rectangular sheets, or coils. In some examples, the first object may be a spacecraft (e.g., a satellite) and the second object may be a deployable structure (e.g., a robotic appendage, a deployable solar panel, a deployable aperture, a deployable mirror, a deployable radiator, and at least one actuator to steer an antenna dish). 1. A controllable shape memory alloy (SMA) hinge apparatus , comprising: a first SMA element, activated by first Joule heating, to adjust at least one of the first object and the second object to the first angle of rotation about the axis of rotation; and', 'a second SMA element, activated by second Joule heating, to adjust the at least one of the first object and the second object to the second angle of rotation about the axis of rotation., 'a plurality of SMA elements to effect at least a first angle of rotation and a second angle of rotation, about an axis of rotation, between a first object and a second object, the plurality of elements comprising2. The hinge apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a third SMA element, activated by third Joule heating, to adjust the at least one of the first object and the second object to a third angle of rotation about the axis of rotation, wherein the third angle ...

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Floating Dispersant Paste

An agent and a method for dispersing spilled oil, particularly on a body of water. The compound is a viscous dispersant liquid comprising a mixture of surfactants and a viscosifying agent that may be stored, shipped, mixed, and delivered on site using standard equipment and methods. The compound is released as a cohesive, persistent, visible, gel-like or paste-like liquid that floats on water. At least one method includes delivering the viscous dispersant liquid onto an oil spill in a body of water utilizing a jet airplane flying at over about 100 feet and spraying the liquid in large, pea-sized droplets. 1. A method of manufacturing an oil spill treating agent comprising:mixing selected ingredients to form a viscous dispersant liquid formulated to disperse oil floating on the surface of a body of water, wherein the viscous dispersant liquid is opaque and floats on water.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscous dispersant liquid is cohesive and persistent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the selected ingredients include at least one surfactant and at least one low density viscosifying agent.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the low density viscosifying agent comprises microballoons.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the microballoons have a particle size of about 25 micrometers to about 90 micrometers.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the low density viscosifying agent comprises one of gas bubbles or a low density solid.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscous dispersant liquid has a density between about 0.80 g/ml and about 1.02 g/ml.8. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscous dispersant liquid has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance between about 9.0 and about 12.0.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscous dispersant liquid has a viscosity between about 5.000 cP and about 6 claim 1 ,000 cP.13. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one surfactant includes at least one non-ionic surfactant and at ...

Cross-port air flow to reduce pumping losses

Cross-port air flow that improves engine fuel economy and reduces pumping losses during part-throttle operation can be implemented in various types of internal combustion engine systems using ports that interconnect the intake ports of different cylinders, thus allowing different cylinders to share combustion air. Cross-port air flow is commenced during part-throttle engine operation to disrupt the primary combustion air flow from each throttle to its associated cylinder, which reduces charge density and engine power. The engine compensates for the reduced power by incrementally opening the throttles, thus increasing the primary combustion air flow, reducing pumping losses and improving fuel economy.

Cross-Port Air Flow To Reduce Pumping Losses

Cross-port air flow that improves engine fuel economy and reduces pumping losses during part-throttle operation can be implemented in various types of internal combustion engine systems using ports that interconnect the intake ports of different cylinders, thus allowing different cylinders to share combustion air. Cross-port air flow is commenced during part-throttle engine operation to disrupt the primary combustion air flow from each throttle to its associated cylinder, which reduces charge density and engine power. The engine compensates for the reduced power by incrementally opening the throttles, thus increasing the primary combustion air flow, reducing pumping losses and improving fuel economy.

Cross-Port Air Flow To Reduce Pumping Losses

Cross-port air flow that improves engine fuel economy and reduces pumping losses during part-throttle operation can be implemented in various types of internal combustion engine systems using ports that interconnect the intake ports of different cylinders, thus allowing different cylinders to share combustion air. Cross-port air flow is commenced during part-throttle engine operation to disrupt the primary combustion air flow from each throttle to its associated cylinder, which reduces charge density and engine power. The engine compensates for the reduced power by incrementally opening the throttles, thus increasing the primary combustion air flow, reducing pumping losses and improving fuel economy.

Polyethylene process

An ethylene polymerization process is disclosed. Ethylene is polymerized in two slurry reaction zones with a C 6 -C 10 alpha-olefin in the presence of a single-site catalyst capable of making a high molecular weight polyolefin. The process yields medium density and linear low density polyethylene having a bimodal molecular weight distribution and a melt index from about 0.10 to about 0.80. Films from the polyethylene have superior impact properties.

Polyethylene process

An ethylene polymerization process is disclosed. Ethylene is polymerized in two slurry reaction zones with a C?6#191-C?10#191 alpha-olefin in the presence of a single-site catalyst capable of making a high molecular weight polyolefin. The process yields medium density and linear low density polyethylene having a bimodal molecular weight distribution and a melt index from about 0.10 to about 0.80. Films from the polyethylene have superior impact properties.

Cochlear implant insertion method and system

Techniques for insertion of a cochlear implant include using a rotatable manipulator magnet to steer the tip of the cochlear implant. Steering can use magnetic torque and/or force between the manipulator magnet and a magnetic element coupled to the tip of the cochlear implant to control bending of the cochlear implant.

Cam actuated drum brake

A cam (38) for a brake (20) is provided that allows for greater brake shoe travel and thicker brake linings (50) while providing the same or greater mechanical force as compared to conventional cams. One or more lobes (62,64) of the cam include multiple portions (62A-C,64A-C) having varying profiles in axial cross-section. The variation in the cam profiles results in a cam in which the outermost ends or tips of the lobes are longer than in conventional cams yet retain the same mechanical strength.

Methods of manufacturing embossed resinous products

METHODS OF MANUFACTURING EMBOSSED RESINOUS PRODUCTS ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of manufacturing an embossed resinous product having a textured surface which comprises: forming a potentially foamable resinous composition containing a blowing agent therein; heating the potentially foamable resinous composition to an elevated temperature to activate the blowing agent to cause blowing of the potentially foamable resinous composition; and then, before the freshly blown resinous composition has cooled to ambient or room temperature and while it is still relatively soft, mechanically embossing the freshly blown resinous compo-sition under pressure by applying to its surface a previously blown, chemically embossed resinous product having a suitably textured surface; and cooling the freshly blown and now embossed resinous composition to yield an embossed resinous product.

Floating dispersant paste

An agent and a method for dispersing spilled oil, particularly on a body of water. The compound is a viscous dispersant liquid comprising a mixture of surfactants and a viscosifying agent that may be stored, shipped, mixed, and delivered on site using standard equipment and methods. The compound is released as a cohesive, persistent, visible, gel-like or paste-like liquid that floats on water. At least one method includes delivering the viscous dispersant liquid onto an oil spill in a body of water utilizing a jet airplane flying at over about 100 feet and spraying the liquid in large, pea-sized droplets.

Floating dispersant paste

An agent and a method for dispersing spilled oil, particularly on a body of water. The compound is a viscous dispersant liquid comprising a mixture of surfactants and a viscosifying agent that may be stored, shipped, mixed, and delivered on site using standard equipment and methods. The compound is released as a cohesive, persistent, visible, gel-like or paste-like liquid that floats on water. At least one method includes delivering the viscous dispersant liquid onto an oil spill in a body of water utilizing a jet airplane flying at over about 100 feet and spraying the liquid in large, pea-sized droplets.

Engine induction system and method

An engine induction system for reducing engine pumping losses provides for a minimum of two intake valves per cylinder, a primary and secondary, with valve port activation means associated with the secondary valves to control air flow to them so that at light loads only air flows through the primary intake valves, the secondary valves providing air flow at heavier loads, the primary intake valve openings being controlled so that no more than one primary valve is open at any one time; i.e., there is no overlap in openings between primary intake valves, which produces pumping losses at light loads when intake manifold vacuum is high.

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper-filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Rotary wood chippers

Secured internet media player

The present invention provides on-line servers (4) and (4') and databases (1) and (1') operated by a media service providing operation across the Internet. These services are used by customers who purchase Media Player unit (6), and then access the servers (4) and (4') by, for example, direct modem (5) dial-up via free access telephone numbers (9). By using the invented equipment and systems, secure access and secure downloading of audio and music content is done, such that each user can pick their own listening collections, while the media service provider can maintain copyright protection security.

Retail entertainment/applications distribution system

The present invention is a device that provides point-of-sale ('POS') manufacturing (such as a kiosk in a retail outlet) for outputting information obtained through the Internet or other transmission mediums utilizing the Copy-protected Internet Distribution System ('KIDS') or other similar secured distribution systems, and providing that information in any number of compact disc (CD) formats, or other types of digital or analog storage devices. The instant Retail Entertainment/Applications Distribution System ('READS') device has the capability, in real-time, to give the customer access, usually via the Internet, to libraries of information or products stored in digital form. These accesses are serviced by remote or local computers, which act as servers of video, audio, textual, or any other possible representation form of data or computer software.

Brake actuator service limit sensor

A brake actuator having a switch device mounted to an actuator housing with a spring member partially surrounding an actuator rod and adapted to contact a large diameter section of the actuator rod when brake wear causes the actuator rod to travel to a service limit position. In normal operation the spring member is separated from a small diameter section of the actuator rod. The switch device is mounted to a first end of the spring member having first and second electrical contacts which extend and electrically contact a conduction plate attached to a second end of the spring member as long as the brake actuator rod has not traveled to the service limit.

Flexibly mounted disc brake rotor for pneumatic, electromotive, and/or hydraulic disc brakes

A disc brake rotor (20) includes at least one friction ring (24) having a friction surface (32) adapted for contact with a brake pad during braking, and an annular mounting portion (50) by which the rotor is attachable to a hub (46). A connection permitting radial expansion and contraction of the friction ring (22,24) relative to the mounting portion (50) upon heating and cooling of the rotor is present between the friction ring and the mounting portion (50). This connection helps to resist cracking and subsequent failure of the rotor near its attachment to a hub.

An emergency & service brake actuator

An improved emergency and service brake actuator for a wedge type brake is of the type which includes a tubular structure (22) extending from the brake (10) and housing an extended end of a stem (26) of the wedge (12) of the brake therein. An emergency brake actuation portion (18) is mounted on the tubular structure (22) and includes an emergency actuation rod (40) extending into the tubular structure (22). The emergency brake actuation portion (18) is capable of producing axial movement of the emergency actuation rod (40) to cause an end thereof within an interior of the tubular structure (22) to be selectively located at one of a first position toward the brake for emergency actuation of the brake and a second position remote from the brake. The improvement includes a service cylinder (50) mounted on the end of the emergency actuation rod (40) within the interior of the tubular structure (22) and capable of being axially moved therein. A service piston (56) is mounted on the extended end of the stem (26) for sealed movement within the service cylinder (50). Service hydraulic fluid is' introduced to and discharged from the interior of the service cylinder (50) to act on the service piston (56) to produce relative movement therebetween when the emergency actuation rod (40) is in the second position.

Polyethylene process

An ethylene polymerization process is disclosed. Ethylene is polymerized in two slurry reaction zones with a C6#191-C10#191 alpha-olefin in the presence of a single-site catalyst capable of making a high molecular weight polyolefin. The process yields medium density and linear low density polyethylene having a bimodal molecular weight distribution and a melt index from about 0.10 to about 0.80. Films from the polyethylene have superior impact properties.

Brake actuator service limit sensor

Card index

Hydraulic brake actuator

HYDRAULIC BRAKE ACTUATOR Abstract of the Disclosure A hydraulic brake actuator for a wedge type brake induces a tubular structure extending from the brake and housing an extended end of a stem of the wedge of the brake therein. A primary cylinder is mounted on the tubular structure and includes a primary piston mounted for sealed movement therein. The piston has a rod extending from one side thereof into the tubular structure to be operably connected to the extended end of the stem. A spring acts on a second side of the piston and is capable of moving the piston toward a first position within the cylinder for actuation of the brake. Hydraulic fluid can be selectively introduced to the primary cylinder at the first side of the piston to cause movement thereof in opposition to the spring to a second position to prevent actuation of the brake by the spring. An annular space between an interior surface of the tubular structure and an exterior surface of the rod is sealed to prevent the hydraulic fluid from escaping from the cylinder. The sealing includes a floating seal carrier surrounding the rod and supporting a seal which extends inwardly to make sealing contact with the exterior of the rod and a mechanical face seal at the end of the floating seal carrier to prevent the escape of hydraulic fluid behind the floating seal carrier.

Brake actuator service limit sensor

A brake actuator having a switch device mounted to an actuator housing with a spring member partially surrounding an actuator rod and adapted to contact a large diameter section of the actuator rod when brake wear causes the actuator rod to travel to a service limit position. In normal operation the spring member is separated from a small diameter section of the actuator rod. The switch device is mounted to a first end of the spring member having first and second electrical contacts which extend and electrically contact a conduction plate attached to a second end of the spring member as long as the brake actuator rod has not traveled to the service limit.

Filing cabinet

Check valve

Variable position anchor assembly for adjusting brake shoes in a drum brake

An anchor (22) assembly is provided that permits adjustment of the brake shoes in a drum brake to account for wear. The assembly includes first and second adjuster shafts (42,44) each having a plurality of threads and first and second pilot connectors (46,48). The pilot connectors each have a plurality of threads in engagement with the threads of a corresponding adjuster shaft. The pilot connectors each engage one end of a corresponding brake shoe. Rotation of each adjuster shaft causes longitudinal movement of a corresponding pilot connector in engagement with a corresponding brake shoe along an axis to adjust a position of the brake shoe.

Cabinet

Hydraulic brake actuator

Floating dispersant paste

An oil spill treatment agent comprising: a viscous dispersant liquid formulated to disperse oil floating on the surface of a body of water, wherein the viscous dispersant liquid is opaque, has a density between about 0.80 grams per milliter (g/ml) and about 1.02 (g/ml) and a viscosity between about 1,000 centipoise (cP) and about 10,000cP and wherein the viscous dispersant liquid comprises sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleate, and an alkali metal salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinate. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing an oil spill agent and a method of dispersing oil on a body of water.

Flexibly mounted disc brake rotor for pneumatic, electromotive, and/or hydraulic disc brakes

A disc brake rotor includes at least one friction ring having a friction surface adapted for contact with a brake pad during braking, and an annular mounting portion by which the rotor is attachable to a hub. A connection permitting radial expansion and contraction of the friction ring relative to the mounting portion upon heating and cooling of the rotor is present between the friction ring and the mounting portion. This connection helps to resist cracking and subsequent failure of the rotor near its attachment to a hub.

Shape memory alloy (sma) hinge apparatus, and systems and methods employing same

A controllable shape memory alloy (SMA) hinge apparatus comprises multiple SMA elements to effect a first angle of rotation and a second angle of rotation between a first object and a second object. In one example, respective SMA elements are independently activated by Joule heating to rotate the first object and/or the second object. SMA elements undergo a three-dimensional transformation, and a pair of elements may undergo antagonistic transformations so as to provide for a multiple-use bidirectional non- continuous rotary actuator. SMA elements may be trained to achieve different angles of rotations between the objects. In some examples, the first object may be a spacecraft and the second object may be a deployable structure (e.g., a robotic appendage, a solar panel, a aperture, a mirror, a radiator, and at least one actuator to steer an antenna dish).

Cochlear implant insertion method and system

Techniques for insertion of a cochlear implant include using a rotatable manipulator magnet to steer the tip of the cochlear implant. Steering can use magnetic torque and/or force between the manipulator magnet and a magnetic element coupled to the tip of the cochlear implant to control bending of the cochlear implant.

Fuel vapor control

Floating dispersant paste

An agent and a method for dispersing spilled oil, particularly on a body of water. The compound is a viscous dispersant liquid comprising a mixture of surfactants and a viscosifying agent that may be stored, shipped, mixed, and delivered on site using standard equipment and methods. The compound is released as a cohesive, persistent, visible, gel-like or paste-like liquid that floats on water. At least one method includes delivering the viscous dispersant liquid onto an oil spill in a body of water utilizing a jet airplane flying at over about 100 feet and spraying the liquid in large, pea-sized droplets.

Copy-protected internet distribution system

Safety guard for steering wheels

Brushless dc motor having high power density for power tool

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a rotor assembly and a stator assembly including stator windings. A ratio of a motor size (Km) constant of the motor to an electrical envelope of the motor including electrical parts of the motor is greater than approximately 900 (N.m/√W)/m^3. A ratio of a motor size (Km) constant of the motor to a magnetic envelope of the motor including stator core and windings is greater than approximately 810 (N.m/√W)/m^3.

Brushless dc motor with improved slot fill

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a rotor assembly and a stator assembly including a stator comprising a stator core and stator teeth radially extending from the stator core and defining slots therebetween, and stator windings wound on the stator teeth. The stator has an inner diameter defined by inner ends of the stator teeth and an outer diameter defined by an outer surface of the stator core. A ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter is in the range of 0.5 to 0.53. The stator core has a variable thickness and, for each slot, includes a first portion forming an approximately right angle with the respective stator tooth and a second portion that is substantially normal to a radius of the stator assembly and forms an angle of approximately 25 to 35 degrees with the first portion.

Brushless dc motor having multiple sets of windings

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly including a rotor supporting permanent magnets rotatable relative to the stator assembly. The stator assembly includes a stator comprising a stator core and stator teeth radially extending from the stator core and defining slots therebetween. A first set of stator windings is wound on the stator teeth, and a second set of stator windings is also wound on the stator teeth such that, on each stator tooth, the first and second windings are provided in an electrically parallel configuration.

Brushless dc motor with circuit board for winding interconnections

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a motor housing having a radial wall, a rotor, a stator assembly including stator windings, and stator terminals extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis from the stator assembly. The stator terminals are substantially aligned with centerlines of slots of the stator assembly. A circuit board is mounted on the stator terminals adjacent the stator assembly. The circuit board includes conductive traces facilitating a one of a delta or a series connection between the stator windings. The circuit board may be mounted inside the motor housing in contact with the radial member. A second circuit board may be provided with power switches for driving the motor proximate the circuit board.

Controlled speed feed spout

Synergistic induction and turbocharging in internal combustion engine systems

Synergistic induction and turbocharging includes the use of one or more throttles in close proximity to each cylinder intake valve to control air flow in each intake port delivering air to combustion cylinders in an internal combustion engine system. A turbocharger may also be affixed in close proximity to each cylinder exhaust valve to enable a synergistic combination of hyper- filling cylinders with combustion air and immediate harvesting of exhaust gas by adjacent turbochargers. In some implementations the turbochargers may be low-inertia turbochargers. The combination of individual throttles per intake port and a turbocharger in close proximity to each cylinder enables faster ramp-up of an engine in the early stages of acceleration. Various implementations thus provide improved fuel economy and improved engine performance in tandem, instead of one at the expense of the other.

Brushless dc motor with circuit board for winding interconnections

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a rotor assembly; a stator assembly including a stator having stator teeth forming slots therebetween and stator windings wound around the stator teeth; stator terminals extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis from the stator assembly and being substantially aligned with centerlines of the slots of the stator assembly; and a circuit board mounted on the stator terminals adjacent the stator assembly. The circuit board includes conductive traces facilitating a one of a delta or a series connection between the stator windings. An end insulator is provided at an axial end of the stator to electrically insulate the stator from the stator windings, the end insulator including support members to support the stator terminals relative to the stator assembly. The circuit board is mounted and fastened to the support members.

Brushless DC motor with stator teeth having multiple parallel sets of windings

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly including a rotor supporting permanent magnets rotatable relative to the stator assembly. The stator assembly includes a stator comprising a stator core and stator teeth radially extending from the stator core and defining slots therebetween. A first set of stator windings is wound on the stator teeth, and a second set of stator windings is also wound on the stator teeth such that, on each stator tooth, the first and second windings are provided in an electrically parallel configuration.

Method and apparatus for internal combustion engine system with improved turbocharging

Systems, methods, apparatus provide improved turbocharging of an internal combustion engine. A single, discrete turbocharger is affixed to each engine combustion cylinder. Turbochargers can be mounted to their associated cylinders in close proximity, thus harvesting higher energy exhaust gases from each combustion cylinder. Tip in and spool up responses can be further improved using low rotational inertia turbochargers that can operate effectively across a wide range of engine operational speeds. Controlled balancing valves between cylinder exhaust lines can deliver exhaust gases from a single cylinder selectively to multiple turbochargers in appropriate operational conditions. Moreover, multiple turbochargers compressors can be configured in series to achieve pressurization compounding of combustion air for low RPM operation. Nesting of turbochargers relative to one another permits improved mounting of each turbocharger in close proximity to its corresponding combustion cylinder.

Process for producing vinyl chloride polymer foam laminates

Single wire brake wear and adjustment sensing system

Secured internet device

The present invention relates to digitally encoded copyrighted or otherwise proprietary data of any kind. More specifically, the present invention relates to a secured system for authentication and registration of any Internet device, said authentication and registration being required by the novel system before said Internet devices are afforded access to said data. Said authentication is accomplished by first requiring a user to access an application server. The application server allows the user to download a novel software application which is used to determine a unique Internet device access number. Once a unique Internet device access number is determined, the user may access the novel system through an authentication server. The authentication server authenticates and registers the unique Internet device access number prior to affording access to the system's security server/router. The user may then access vendor servers containing copyrighted or otherwise proprietary data. In this way, the novel system transforms any Internet device into a secure Internet device (SID).

Design for a powder blender

Steering gear

Bark removing apparatus

Gate.

Loaders

Extensible desk top

Sand band for vehicule wheels

Carburetor with fuel bowl evaporation control means

A carburetor for an internal combustion engine in which evaporation of fuel in the fuel bowl is controlled to promote desired engine operating characteristics and reduce engine evaporative emissions. The fuel bowl float member is surrounded by an impervious member coextensive with the surface of the fuel present in the fuel bowl. This impervious member allows freedom of movement of the float member but minimizes evaporation from the surface of the fuel and passage of evaporated fuel to the atmosphere through the fuel bowl vent.

Visible card index

Gate-operating mechanism

Shape memory alloy (sma) hinge apparatus, and systems and methods employing same

A controllable shape memory alloy (SMA) hinge apparatus comprises multiple SMA elements to effect a first angle of rotation and a second angle of rotation between a first object and a second object. In one example, respective SMA elements are independently activated by Joule heating to rotate the first object and/or the second object. SMA elements undergo a three-dimensional transformation (e.g., bending or torsion), and a pair of elements may undergo antagonistic transformations so as to provide for a multiple-use bidirectional non-continuous rotary actuator. SMA elements may be trained to achieve different angles of rotations between the objects (e.g., zero degrees and 90 degrees). SMA elements may be nitinol, and may be formed as wires, rectangular sheets, or coils. In some examples, the first object may be a spacecraft (e.g., a satellite) and the second object may be a deployable structure (e.g., a robotic appendage, a deployable solar panel, a deployable aperture, a deployable mirror, a deployable radiator, and at least one actuator to steer an antenna dish).

Brushless DC motor with circuit board for winding interconnections

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a rotor assembly; a stator assembly including a stator having stator teeth forming slots therebetween and stator windings wound around the stator teeth; stator terminals extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis from the stator assembly and being substantially aligned with centerlines of the slots of the stator assembly; and a circuit board mounted on the stator terminals adjacent the stator assembly. The circuit board includes conductive traces facilitating a one of a delta or a series connection between the stator windings. An end insulator is provided at an axial end of the stator to electrically insulate the stator from the stator windings, the end insulator including support members to support the stator terminals relative to the stator assembly. The circuit board is mounted and fastened to the support members.

Yielding retainer for visible index card holders

Yielding retainer for visible index card holders

Brushless DC motor having high power density for power tool

A brushless direct-current (BLDC) motor for a power tool includes a rotor assembly and a stator assembly including stator windings. A ratio of a motor size (Km) constant of the motor to an electrical envelope of the motor including electrical parts of the motor is greater than approximately 850 (N·m/√W)/m{circumflex over ( )}3. A ratio of a motor size (Km) constant of the motor to a magnetic envelope of the motor including stator core and windings is greater than approximately 980 (N·m/√W)/m{circumflex over ( )}3.

Heavy duty clutch brake

Floating dispersant paste

An agent and a method for dispersing spilled oil, particularly on a body of water. The compound is a viscous dispersant liquid comprising a mixture of surfactants and a viscosifying agent that may be stored, shipped, mixed, and delivered on site using standard equipment and methods. The compound is released as a cohesive, persistent, visible, gel-like or paste-like liquid that floats on water. At least one method includes delivering the viscous dispersant liquid onto an oil spill in a body of water utilizing a jet airplane flying at over about 100 feet and spraying the liquid in large, pea-sized droplets.

Cochlear implant insertion method and system

Techniques for insertion of a cochlear implant include using a rotatable manipulator magnet to steer the tip of the cochlear implant. Steering can use magnetic torque and/or force between the manipulator magnet and a magnetic element coupled to the tip of the cochlear implant to control bending of the cochlear implant.