Automated fluid pressure control system

Providing fluid to an internal delivery site of a patient includes moving the fluid from a fluid reservoir (36) through a conduit and through a delivery device (42) at the delivery site while maintaining the fluid at a predetermined pressure. The delivery device may comprise an inflatable balloon (46) with apertures formed in its periphery for directing the fluid into the vessel walls. Pressurized fluid is provided through the apertures of the balloon to the vessel wall. The pressure is automatically controlled to avoid both pressure spikes and unacceptable deflation of the balloon during administration of the fluid. A further feature includes comparing the pressure with the volume infused and in the event that pressure decreases while the volume infused increases beyond certain limits, the delivery of the fluid is stopped. Further features include a timer for limiting the inflation time of the delivery device and a volume detector for controlling the amount of fluid delivered. In one described ...

Automated fluid pressure control system

Minimally invasive visualization systems

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.

Automated fluid pressure control system

Low profile electrode assembly

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.

Ablation catheters

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon.

Ablation catheters including a balloon and electrodes

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon.

Low Profile Electrode Assembly

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient. 2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least four electrodes are adapted to be substantially coplanar with a distal tip of the catheter body when the membrane is in the expanded configuration.3. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least four electrodes are distal to the distal tip of the catheter when the membrane is in the expanded configuration.4. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein a first membrane portion comprising at least 15% of the surface area of the membrane is distal to a distal tip of the catheter body claim 1 , and wherein the at least four electrodes are disposed on the first membrane portion.5. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least 10% of the volume of the membrane is distal to a distal tip of the catheter when the membrane is in the expanded configuration.6. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein first and second opposite sides of a surface of the membrane are coupled to the catheter body.7. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of perforation holes traverse the membrane.8. The assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an annular introducer wherein the introducer surrounds the expandable membrane and confines the diameter thereof to less than about 0.2 inches.9. The assembly of claim 8 , wherein the introducer is adapted to engage ...

MR SPECTROSCOPY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING PAINFUL AND NON-PAINFUL INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS

An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing and diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD-MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra for multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A display provides an indication of results for analyzed discs as an overlay onto a MRI image of the lumbar spine. 1. A magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) processing system configured to process a repetitive frame MRS spectral acquisition series generated and acquired for a voxel principally located within a region of interest (ROI) comprising at least a portion of an intervertebral disc via an MRS pulse sequence , and acquired at multiple parallel acquisition channels of a multi-coil spine detector assembly , in order to provide diagnostic information associated with the disc , comprising:an MRS signal processor comprising at least one of a channel selector, a phase shift corrector, a frequency shift corrector, a frame editor, and a channel combiner, and configured to receive and process the MRS spectral acquisition series for the disc and to generate a processed MRS spectrum for the series with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to acquire information associated with identifiable features along MRS spectral regions associated with unique chemical constituents in the disc; andan ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AUTOMATED VOXELATION OF REGIONS OF INTEREST FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

A system and method for automating an appropriate voxel prescription in a uniquely definable region of interest (ROI) in a tissue of a patient is provided, such as for purpose of conducting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the ROI. The dimensions and coordinates of a single three dimensional rectilinear volume (voxel) within a single region of interest (ROI) are automatically identified. This is done, in some embodiments by: (1) applying statistically identified ROI search areas within a field of view (FOV); (2) image processing an MRI image to smooth the background and enhance a particular structure useful to define the ROI; (3) identifying a population of pixels that define the particular structure; (4) performing a statistical analysis of the pixel population to fit a 2D model such as an ellipsoid to the population and subsequently fit a rectilinear shape within the model; (5) repetiting elements (1) through (4) using multiple images that encompass the 3D ROI to create a 3D rectilinear shape; (6) a repetition of elements (1) through (5) for multiple ROIs with a common FOV. A manual interface may also be provided, allowing for override to replace by manual prescription, assistance to identify structures (e.g. clicking on disc levels), or modifying the automated voxel (e.g. modify location, shape, or one or more dimensions). 1. One or more non-transitory computer readable media comprising computer instructions configured to cause one or more computer processors to perform actions comprising:accessing an electronic image of an area that includes a region of interest;processing the electronic image to emphasize pixels associated with at least one structure useful for identifying the region of interest;identifying a population of pixels in the electronic image associated with the at least one structure;selecting one or more image coordinates based on the population of pixels; andconverting the image coordinates to world coordinates corresponding to at least a ...

Low Profile Electrode Assembly

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient. 1. A minimally invasive visualization assembly configured to visualize a target location in a patient's body , comprising:an elongate delivery device comprising a guidewire lumen;a plurality of cameras mounted to the elongate delivery device; anda closed inflatable membrane secured to the elongate device, the elongate device being in fluid communication with the closed inflatable membrane and allowing a fluid to be delivered into the closed inflatable membrane through the elongate device to inflate the closed inflatable membrane,wherein the plurality of cameras are disposed within the closed inflatable membrane and configured to visualize substantially 360 degrees around a longitudinal axis defined by the elongate delivery device to which the plurality of cameras are mounted.2. The assembly of further comprising a camera subassembly comprising the plurality of cameras claim 1 , wherein the camera subassembly is mounted to the elongate delivery device.3. The assembly of wherein the subassembly comprises at least one light source.4. The assembly of further comprising a plurality of camera subassemblies mounted to the elongate delivery device claim 1 , the plurality of subassemblies comprising the plurality of cameras.5. The assembly of wherein the plurality of ...

VISUALIZATION INSIDE AN EXPANDABLE MEDICAL DEVICE

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use. In some embodiments the catheter includes at least one camera inside an expandable membrane for visualizing an ablation procedure. 1. An ablation catheter comprising:an expandable membrane and a plurality of ablation electrodes secured to the exterior of the expandable membrane;an imaging member disposed within the expandable membrane;a diffuse reflector secured to at least a proximal portion of the expandable membrane; anda light source disposed within the expandable member and positioned to direct light towards the diffuse reflector such that diffuse reflection of the light is directed towards a field of view of the imaging member.2. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is generally distally facing and the light source is generally proximally facing.3. The catheter of wherein the imaging member and the light source are secured to an inner catheter shaft.4. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is a plurality of cameras oriented to provide a 360 degree view around a longitudinal axis of the catheter.5. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is disposed distally relative the light source.6. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector does not extend to the distal end of the expandable membrane when in an expanded configuration.7. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector extends no further than about half-way along the distal length of the expandable membrane when in an expanded configuration.8. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector comprises first and second portions divided by a flex circuit secured to the exterior of the expandable membrane claim 1 , the flex circuit comprising at least one conductive layer in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of electrodes.9. An inflatable assembly adapted to be positioned within a patient claim 1 , comprising an expandable membrane;an imaging member disposed within the expandable membrane;a diffuse reflector secured to at least ...

TRI-MODE ELECTRODES WITH INTEGRAL TEMPERATURE SENSING

The present system relates to an apparatus for desiccating tissue. The apparatus includes an electrode assembly having a heating element, a metal electrode, and a temperature sensor. The apparatus also includes a radio frequency (RF) generator, coupled to the metal electrode, having a signal generator for generating an electrical signal, and switch for selecting between a first mode, second mode and third mode of operation. In the first mode, the electrical signal is directed to the metal electrode and applied to the tissue. In the second mode, the electrical signal is directed to the heating element such that heat produced by the heating element is applied to the tissue. In the third mode, the electrical signal is directed to the metal electrode and the heating element, for applying the electrical signal and the heat to the tissue. 1. An apparatus for desiccating tissue , said apparatus comprising: a heating element,', 'a metal electrode, and', 'a temperature sensor located in proximity to said metal electrode; and, 'an electrode assembly including a signal generator for generating an electrical signal for application to at least one of said heating element and said metal electrode, and', a first mode for conduction, in which said electrical signal is directed to said metal electrode and applied to said tissue,', 'a second mode for heating, in which said electrical signal is directed to said heating element and heat produced by said heating element is applied to said tissue, and said heat of metal electrode is monitored via said temperature sensor, and', 'a third mode, in which said electrical signal is directed to said metal electrode and said heating element, for applying said electrical signal to said tissue, and applying said heat to said tissue., 'a switch module for selecting between], 'a radio frequency (RF) generator, coupled to said metal electrode, including2. The apparatus of claim 1 , including:a user interface for manually selecting between the first ...

TISSUE ABLATION AND MONITORING THEREOF

An ablation catheter including an elongate shaft, an inflatable balloon positioned at a distal region of the elongate shaft, a first ablation electrode disposed outside of and carried by an outer surface of the inflatable balloon, a first ultrasound transducer disposed outside of the inflatable balloon, and a flexible circuit. The flexible circuit includes a first conductor and a second conductor and is disposed outside of and carried by the outer surface of the inflatable balloon. The first conductor is in electrical communication with the first ablation electrode, and the second conductor in electrical communication with the first ultrasound transducer. 1. An ablation catheter , comprising:an elongate shaft;an inflatable balloon positioned at a distal region of the elongate shaft;a first ablation electrode disposed outside of and carried by an outer surface of the inflatable balloon;a first ultrasound transducer disposed outside of the inflatable balloon; anda flexible circuit, including a first conductor and a second conductor, disposed outside of and carried by the outer surface of the inflatable balloon, the first conductor in electrical communication with the first ablation electrode, and the second conductor in electrical communication with the first ultrasound transducer.2. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first ultrasound transducer is positioned within a periphery of the first ablation electrode.3. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first ultrasound transducer is disposed under the first ablation electrode.4. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first ultrasound transducer is an ultrasound receiver.5. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first ultrasound transducer is an ultrasound emitter.6. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the first ultrasound transducer is at least partially surrounded by an insulation layer.6. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , further comprising:a second ultrasound transducer ...

ABLATION CATHETERS

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon. 1. A cardiac tissue ablation catheter , comprising:an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member;a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace; andan elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon,the toroidal or spherically shaped inflatable balloon having, in a side view, a ...

ABLATION CATHETERS

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon. 1. A cardiac tissue ablation catheter , comprising:an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member;an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member andextending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including,', 'a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate layer, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and', 'an annular substrate portion, carried by an outer surface of the balloon, ...

TISSUE ABLATION AND MONITORING

Tissue ablation devices, systems, and methods for monitoring or analyzing one or more aspects of tissue ablation. 1. An ablation catheter , comprising:an elongate shaft; and 'a flexible circuit, including a conductor in electrical communication with an ablation electrode, disposed outside of and carried by an outer surface of an inflatable balloon, and', 'an inflatable ablation member, carried by a distal region of the shaft, including'}an ultrasound monitoring member, configured for use in monitoring at least one aspect of tissue ablation with the ablation electrode.2. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is carried by the outer surface of the inflatable balloon.3. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is disposed within the periphery of the ablation electrode.4. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is disposed under the ablation electrode.5. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is not disposed under the ablation electrode.6. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is disposed under a non-conductive elastomeric material.7. The ablation catheter of wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is disposed outside of the periphery of an ablation electrode.8. The ablation catheter of wherein the ablation electrode is a first ablation electrode claim 7 , and wherein the ultrasound monitoring member is disposed between the first ablation electrode and a second ablation electrode disposed outside of and secured to the outer surface of the inflatable balloon.917.-. (canceled)18. The ablation catheter of claim 2 , wherein the ablation electrode is an elastomeric electrode claim 2 , and wherein the elastomeric electrode is in electrical communication with claim 2 , and configured for use in the operation of claim 2 , the ultrasound monitoring member.1920.-. (canceled)21. The ablation catheter of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasound monitoring ...

Ablation catheters

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon.

MULTIPURPOSE ELECTRODE

Multi-purpose electrodes for use during ablation are provided. The electrodes comprise a variable impedance region and a relatively constant impedance region. The relatively constant impedance region can be used for mapping, and both regions can be used for ablating. The mapping region can obtain low frequency electrophysiological signals during mapping, while both regions can conduct higher frequency ablation electrical signals to a patient during ablation. 138-. (canceled)39. An electrode for use with an ablation catheter , the electrode comprising:a variable impedance region, wherein the variable impedance region has a first impedance when a first frequency is applied thereto, and a second impedance when a second frequency is applied thereto, the second impedance being different than the first impedance; anda substantially constant impedance region.40. The electrode of claim 39 , wherein the first impedance is higher than the second impedance when the first electrical signal has a lower frequency than the second electric signal.41. The electrode of claim 39 , wherein the first electrical signal has a frequency of about 1000 Hz or less claim 39 , and the second electrical signal has a frequency of at least about 50 KHz.42. The electrode of claim 39 , wherein the substantially constant impedance region is adapted so that an impedance of the substantially constant impedance region does not vary based on the frequency of an electrical signal applied thereto.43. The electrode of claim 39 , wherein the variable impedance region includes a first layer of material disposed radially relative to a conductive electrode layer of material.44. The electrode of claim 39 , wherein the first layer overlaps with only a portion of conductive electrode material claim 39 , to create an overlap region where the two layers overlap claim 39 , and a non-overlap region where the two layers do not overlap claim 39 , when viewed in top view of the electrode.45. The electrode of claim 44 , ...

TISSUE MAPPING AND VISUALIZATION SYSTEMS

Visualization and ablation systems and catheters. The systems can capture a plurality of different 2D images of the patient's anatomy adjacent an expandable member, each of which visualizes at least one part of the patient that is in contact with the expandable membrane, tag each of the plurality of different 2D images with information indicative of the position and orientation of a locational element when each of the plurality of different 2D images was captured, create a patient map, wherein creating the patient map comprises placing each of the plurality of different 2D images at the corresponding tagged position and orientation into a 3 space, and display the patient map. 1. A method of using of a cardiac visualization catheter to create a patient map , comprising: an expandable membrane,', 'at least one camera disposed within the expandable membrane, the camera having a field of view, the camera orientated such that the camera field of view includes a portion of the expandable membrane when the expandable membrane is expanded, and', 'a locational element with a fixed position and orientation relative to the camera, wherein the position and orientation of the location element are defined in a global frame of reference and detectable by a locational element detector;, 'positioning an ablation catheter within a patient adjacent tissue to be mapped, the ablation catheter comprising an expandable member that includes'}delivering a fluid into the expandable membrane to at least partially inflate the expandable membrane;contacting the patient with at least a portion of the expandable membrane;capturing, with the camera, a plurality of different 2D images of the patient's anatomy adjacent the expandable member, each of which visualizes at least one part of the patient that is in contact with the expandable membrane;tagging each of the plurality of different 2D images with information indicative of the position and orientation of the locational element when each of the ...

ENERGY DELIVERY DEVICE AND METHODS OF USE

The present disclosure is directed to an expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue. The assembly includes an elongate device and an expandable portion. The expandable portion includes an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element. The inflatable element is secured to the elongate device and the single helical electrode makes between about 0.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element. The at least one irrigation aperture is adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element. 1. An expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue , comprising:an elongate device; and 'an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element, the inflatable element secured to the elongate device, the single helical electrode making between about 0.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element, and the at least one irrigation aperture adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element.', 'an expandable portion comprising'}2. The assembly of wherein the single helical electrode makes between about 1 and about 1.25 revolutions around the inflatable element.3. The assembly of further comprising a conductive material disposed on the elongate device proximal to the expandable portion to electrically couple the single helical electrode to an electrical energy source.4. The assembly of wherein the conductive material is disposed on substantially the entire elongate device proximal to the expandable portion.5. The assembly of further comprising an insulation material disposed on substantially all of the conductive material on the elongate device.67-. (canceled)8. The assembly of wherein the ...

ENERGY DELIVERY DEVICE AND METHODS OF USE

The present disclosure is directed to an expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue. The assembly includes an elongate device and an expandable portion. The expandable portion includes an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element. The inflatable element is secured to the elongate device and the single helical electrode makes between about 0.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element. The at least one irrigation aperture is adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element. 122-. (canceled)23: An expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver energy to tissue , comprising:an elongate device comprising an irrigation lumen therethrough and an irrigation port proximal to a distal end of the elongate device;an inflatable element secured to the elongate device such that the irrigation port is disposed within a fluid chamber defined by the inflatable element;an electrode disposed on the inflatable element; andat least one irrigation aperture adapted to allow fluid to pass from within the fluid chamber to outside the inflatable element,wherein the at least one irrigation aperture is sized to maintain a pressure within the inflatable element between about 0.5 atm and about 4 atm when a substantially constant irrigation flow rate is between about 5 mL/min and about 15 mL/min.24: The assembly of further comprising a temperature sensor adapted to measure fluid temperature claim 23 , the assembly further comprising energy source and a controller claim 23 , the controller adapted to automatically turn off the energy source if a sensed fluid temperature is above a threshold limit.25: The assembly of wherein the temperature sensor is disposed within the inflatable element.26: The assembly of wherein the assembly comprises a flow rate sensor adapted to sense fluid ...

CARDIAC ABLATION CATHETERS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use. In some embodiments the catheter includes at least one camera inside an expandable membrane for visualizing an ablation procedure. 1. An ablation catheter comprising:an expandable membrane and a plurality of ablation electrodes secured to the exterior of the expandable membrane;an imaging member disposed within the expandable membrane;a diffuse reflector secured to at least a proximal portion of the expandable membrane; anda light source disposed within the expandable member and positioned to direct light towards the diffuse reflector such that diffuse reflection of the light is directed towards a field of view of the imaging member.2. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is generally distally facing and the light source is generally proximally facing.3. The catheter of wherein the imaging member and the light source are secured to an inner catheter shaft.4. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is a plurality of cameras oriented to provide a 360 degree view around a longitudinal axis of the catheter.5. The catheter of wherein the imaging member is disposed distally relative the light source.6. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector does not extend to the distal end of the expandable membrane when in an expanded configuration.7. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector extends no further than about half-way along the distal length of the expandable membrane when in an expanded configuration.8. The catheter of wherein the diffuse reflector comprises first and second portions divided by a flex circuit secured to the exterior of the expandable membrane claim 1 , the flex circuit comprising at least one conductive layer in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of electrodes.9. An inflatable assembly adapted to be positioned within a patient claim 1 , comprising an expandable membrane;an imaging member disposed within the expandable membrane;a diffuse reflector secured to at least ...

Ablation catheters

Cardiac tissue ablation catheters including an inflatable and flexible toroidal or spherically shaped balloon disposed at a distal region of an elongate member, a flexible circuit carried by an outer surface of the balloon, the flexible circuit including, a plurality of flexible branches conforming to the radially outer surface of the balloon, each of the plurality of flexible branches including a substrate, a conductive trace carried by the substrate, and an ablation electrode carried by the substrate, the ablation electrode in electrical communication with the conductive trace, and an elongate shaft comprising a guidewire lumen extending in the elongate member and extending from a proximal region of the inflatable balloon to distal region of the inflatable balloon and being disposed within the inflatable balloon, wherein a distal region of the elongate shaft is secured directly or indirectly to the distal region of the inflatable balloon.

SURFACE MAPPING AND VISUALIZING ABLATION SYSTEM

Visualization and ablation systems and catheters. The systems can capture a plurality of different 2D images of the patient's anatomy adjacent an expandable member, each of which visualizes at least one part of the patient that is in contact with the expandable membrane, tag each of the plurality of different 2D images with information indicative of the position and orientation of a locational element when each of the plurality of different 2D images was captured, create a patient map, wherein creating the patient map comprises placing each of the plurality of different 2D images at the corresponding tagged position and orientation into a 3space, and display the patient map. 1. A visualization system comprising: an expandable membrane,', 'a camera disposed within the expandable membrane, the camera having a field of view, the camera orientated such that the camera field of view includes the expandable membrane when the expandable membrane is expanded, and', 'a magnetic sensor with a fixed position and orientation relative to the camera, wherein the magnetic sensor is adapted such that the position and orientation of the magnetic sensor can be defined in a global frame of reference., 'an ablation catheter including2. The visualization system of claim 1 , wherein the ablation catheter includes a plurality of cameras disposed within the expandable membrane claim 1 , each of the plurality of cameras having a different field of view claim 1 , the magnetic sensor having a fixed position and orientation relative to each of the cameras.3. The visualization system of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic sensor is positioned within the expandable membrane.4. The visualization system of claim 1 , wherein the ablation catheter includes a shaft extending through the expandable membrane and including a guidewire lumen claim 1 , wherein the magnetic sensor is secured to the shaft.5. The visualization system of claim 1 , wherein the ablation catheter includes an elongate member claim 1 , ...

Noninvasive devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of tissues

The invention provides improved devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of collagenated tissues, particularly for treating urinary incontinence in a noninvasive manner by directing energy to a patient's own support tissues. This energy heats fascia and other collagenated support tissues, causing them to contract. The energy can be applied intermittently, often between a pair of large plate electrodes having cooled flat electrode surfaces, the electrodes optionally being supported by a clamp structure. Such cooled plate electrodes are capable of directing electrical energy through an intermediate tissue and into fascia while the cooled electrode surface prevents injury to the intermediate tissue, particularly where the electrode surfaces are cooled before, during, and after an intermittent heating cycle. Ideally, the plate electrode comprises an electrode array including discrete electrode surface segments so that the current flux can be varied to selectively target the fascia. Alternatively, chilled 'liquid electrodes' may direct current through a selected portion of the bladder while also cooling the bladder wall, an insulating gas can prevent heating of an alternative bladder portion and the adjacent tissues, and/or ultrasound transducers direct energy through an intermediate tissue and into fascia with little or no injury to the intermediate tissue.

Noninvasive devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of tissues

The invention provides improved devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of collagenous tissues, particularly for treating urinary incontinence in a noninvasive manner by directing energy to a patient's own support tissues. This energy heats fascia and other collagenous support tissues, causing them to contract. Pre-cooling and/or pre-heating may induce a temperature difference between the target tissue and the intermediate tissue prior to initiating RF heating. This allows the dimensions of tissue reaching the treatment temperature to be controlled and/or minimized, the dimensions of protected intermediate tissue to be maximized, and the like.

Automated fluid pressure control system

ABSTRACT Providing fluid to an internal delivery site of a patient includes moving the fluid from a fluid reservoir through & conduit and through a delivery device at the delivery site while maintaining the fluid at a predetermined pressure. The delivery device may comprise an inflatable balloon with apertures formed in its periphery for directing the fluid into the vessel walls. Pressurized fluid is provided through the apertures of the balloon to the vessel wall. The pressure is automatically controlled to avoid both pressure spikes and unacceptable deflation of the balloon during administration of the fluid. A further feature includes comparing the pressure with the volume infused and in the event that pressure decreases while the volume infused increases beyond certain limits, the delivery of the fluid is stopped. Further features include a timer for limiting the inflation time of the delivery device and a volume detector for controlling the amount of fluid delivered. In one described embodiment, a pneumatic driver system is used to pressurize the fluid.

NON-INVASIVE EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS FOR SHRINKING WOVEN FABRICS

Energy delivery device and methods of use

The present disclosure is directed to an expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue. The assembly includes an elongate device and an expandable portion. The expandable portion includes an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element. The inflatable element is secured to the elongate device and the single helical electrode makes between about.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element. The at least one irrigation aperture is adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element.

Low profile electrode assembly

Mr spectroscopy system and method for diagnosing painful and non-painful intervertebral discs

An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing & diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD-MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra along regions associated with multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A diagnostic display provides a scaled, color coded legend and indication of results for each disc analyzed as an overlay onto a mid-sagittal T2-weighted MRI image of the lumbar spine for the patient being diagnosed. Clinical application of the embodiments provides a non-invasive, objective, pain-free, reliable approach for diagnosing painful vs. non-painful discs by simply extending and enhancing the utility of otherwise standard MRI exams of the lumbar spine.

Energy delivery device and methods of use

The present disclosure is directed to an expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue. The assembly includes an elongate device and an expandable portion. The expandable portion includes an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element. The inflatable element is secured to the elongate device and the single helical electrode makes between about.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element. The at least one irrigation aperture is adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element.

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use thereof

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use. Catheters that include an expandable membrane, an imaging member disposed within the expandable membrane, the imaging member having a field of view, a light source disposed within the expandable member adapted to deliver light towards the field of view of the imaging member, and an electrode comprising an outer conductive layer and inner light absorbing layer disposed between the electrode and the expandable membrane, the inner light absorbing layer adapted to absorb light from the light source and thereby reduce reflection of the light from the outer conductive electrode.

Low profile electrode assembly

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.

Low profile electrode assembly

Abstract There is disclosed a tissue electrode assembly that includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.

Microlens array

A microlens array has a plurality of microlens supposedly arranged on a first surface of a transparent medium. At least two optical features are formed on a second surface opposite the first surface. Fiducial marks are formed on the second surface by a beam of collimated light directed onto the optical features and focused onto the second surface. Fiducial marks enable precise alignment of the microlenses in the microlens array.

MR Spectroscopy System and Method for Diagnosing Painful and Non-Painful Intervertebral Discs

An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing and diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra along regions associated with multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A diagnostic display provides a scaled, color coded legend and indication of results for each disc analyzed as an overlay onto a mid sagittal T2 -weighted MRI image of the lumbar spine for the patient being diagnosed. Clinical application of the embodiments provides a non-invasive, objective, pain-free, reliable approach for diagnosing painful vs. non-painful discs by simply extending and enhancing the utility of otherwise standard MRI exams of the lumbar spine. WO 2011/047197 PCT1US20101052737 .. . . . . .. . 4g~ SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Noninvasive devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of tissues

The invention provides improved devices, methods, and systems for shrinking of collagenated tissues, particularly for treating urinary incontinence in a noninvasive manner by directing energy to a patient's own support tissues. This energy heats fascia and other collagenated support tissues, causing them to contract. The energy can be applied intermittently, often between a pair of large plate electrodes having cooled flat electrode surfaces, the electrodes optionally being supported by a clamp structure. Such cooled plate electrodes are capable of directing electrical energy through an intermediate tissue and into fascia while the cooled electrode surface prevents injury to the intermediate tissue, particularly where the electrode surfaces are cooled before, during, and after an intermittent heating cycle. Ideally, the plate electrode comprises an electrode array including discrete electrode surface segments so that the current flux can be varied to selectively target the fascia. Alternatively, chilled "liquid electrodes" may direct current through a selected portion of the bladder while also cooling the bladder wall, an insulating gas can prevent heating of an alternative bladder portion and the adjacent tissues, and/or ultrasound transducers direct energy through an intermediate tissue and into fascia with little or no injury to the intermediate tissue.

Low profile electrode assembly

A tissue electrode assembly includes a membrane configured to form an expandable, conformable body that is deployable in a patient. The assembly further includes a flexible circuit positioned on a surface of the membrane and comprising at least one base substrate layer, at least one insulating layer and at least one planar conducting layer. An electrically-conductive electrode covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit and a portion of the surface of the membrane not covered by the flexible circuit, wherein the electrically-conductive electrode is foldable upon itself with the membrane to a delivery conformation having a diameter suitable for minimally-invasive delivery of the assembly to the patient.

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use thereof

Cardiac ablation catheters and methods of use. In some embodiments the catheter includes at least one camera inside an expandable membrane for visualizing an ablation procedure.

Energy delivery device and methods of use

The present disclosure is directed to an expandable energy delivery assembly adapted to deliver electrical energy to tissue. The assembly includes an elongate device and an expandable portion. The expandable portion includes an inflatable element, a single helical electrode disposed on the inflatable element, and at least one irrigation aperture within the inflatable element. The inflatable element is secured to the elongate device and the single helical electrode makes between about.5 and about 1.5 revolutions around the inflatable element. The at least one irrigation aperture is adapted to allow fluid to flow from within the inflatable element to outside the inflatable element.

MR Spectroscopy System and Method for Diagnosing Painful and Non-Painful Intervertebral Discs

An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing and diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra along regions associated with multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A diagnostic display provides a scaled, color coded legend and indication of results for each disc analyzed as an overlay onto a mid sagittal T2 -weighted MRI image of the lumbar spine for the patient being diagnosed. Clinical application of the embodiments provides a non-invasive, objective, pain-free, reliable approach for diagnosing painful vs. non-painful discs by simply extending and enhancing the utility of otherwise standard MRI exams of the lumbar spine. WO 2011/047197 PCT/US2O1O/052737 -4 EliI N _,a NMI N 4,,, ~q SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Mr spectroscopy system and method for diagnosing painful and non-painful intervertebral discs

MR SPECTROSCOPY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING PAINFUL AND NON-PAINFUL INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS Abstract of the Disclosure An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing and diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD-MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra along regions associated with multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A diagnostic display provides a scaled, color coded legend and indication of results for each disc analyzed as an overlay onto a mid-sagittal T2-weighted MRI image of the lumbar spine for the patient being diagnosed. Clinical application of the embodiments provides a non-invasive, objective, pain-free, reliable approach for diagnosing painful vs. non-painful discs by simply extending and enhancing the utility of otherwise standard MRI exams of the lumbar spine. 9835226 142

Mr spectroscopy system and method for diagnosing painful and non-painful intervertebral discs

A system for providing diagnostic information for a medical condition associated with a region of interest comprising at least a portion of an intervertebral disc in a patient includes a magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) system configured to generate and acquire an MRS spectral acquisition series of data for a voxel located within the region of interest in the intervertebral disc using an MRS pulse sequence. An MRS signal processor processes the MRS spectral acquisition series of data to produce a processed MRS spectrum. An MRS diagnostic processor processes the processed MRS spectrum to extract a measurement from a spectral peak region corresponding with proteoglycan, extract at least one additional measurement from at least one additional spectral peak region corresponding with each of lactate and alanine, and generate the diagnostic information for the medical condition of the intervertebral disc using the first measurement and the at least one additional measurement.

Nichtinvasive geräte und systeme zum schrumpfen von geweben

Systems and methods for automated voxelation of regions of interest for magnetic resonance spectroscopy

A system and method for automating an appropriate voxel prescription in a uniquely definable region of interest (ROI) in a tissue of a patient is provided, such as for purpose of conducting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the ROI. The dimensions and coordinates of a single three dimensional rectilinear volume (voxel) within a single region of interest (ROI) are automatically identified. This is done, in some embodiments by: (1) applying statistically identified ROI search areas within a field of view (FOV); (2) image processing an MRI image to smooth the background and enhance a particular structure useful to define the ROI; (3) identifying a population of pixels that define the particular structure; (4) performing a statistical analysis of the pixel population to fit a 2D model such as an ellipsoid to the population and subsequently fit a rectilinear shape within the model; (5) repetiting elements (1) through (4) using multiple images that encompass the 3D ROI to create a 3D rectilinear shape; (6) a repetition of elements (1) through (5) for multiple ROIs with a common FOV. A manual interface may also be provided, allowing for override to replace by manual prescription, assistance to identify structures (e.g. clicking on disc levels), or modifying the automated voxel (e.g. modify location, shape, or one or more dimensions).

Mr spectroscopy system and method for diagnosing painful and non-painful intervertebral discs

A magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) processing system configured to process a repetitive frame MRS spectral acquisition series generated and acquired for a voxel principally located within an intervertebral disc via an MRS pulse sequence, and acquired at multiple parallel acquisition channels of a multi-coil spine detector assembly, in order to provide diagnostic information associated with the disc. An MRS signal is configured to receive and process the MRS spectral acquisition series for the disc and to generate a processed MRS spectrum for the series with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to acquire information associated with identifiable features along MRS spectral regions associated with unique chemical constituents in the disc. An MRS diagnostic processor extracts data from identifiable chemical regions in the processed MRS spectrum in a manner that provides diagnostic information for diagnosing a medical condition or chemical environment associated with the disc.

Systems and methods for automated voxelation of regions of interest for magnetic resonance spectroscopy

A system and method for automating an appropriate voxel prescription in a uniquely definable region of interest (ROI) in a tissue of a patient is provided, such as for purpose of conducting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the ROI. The dimensions and coordinates of a single three dimensional rectilinear volume (voxel) within a single region of interest (ROI) are automatically identified. This is done, in some embodiments by: (1) applying statistically identified ROI search areas within a field of view (FOV); (2) image processing an MRI image to smooth the background and enhance a particular structure useful to define the ROI; (3) identifying a population of pixels that define the particular structure; (4) performing a statistical analysis of the pixel population to fit a 2D model such as an ellipsoid to the population and subsequently fit a rectilinear shape within the model; (5) repetiting elements (1) through (4) using multiple images that encompass the 3D ROI to create a 3D rectilinear shape; (6) a repetition of elements (1) through (5) for multiple ROIs with a common FOV. A manual interface may also be provided, allowing for override to replace by manual prescription, assistance to identify structures (e.g. clicking on disc levels), or modifying the automated voxel (e.g. modify location, shape, or one or more dimensions).

Systems and methods for automated voxelation of regions of interest for magnetic resonance spectroscopy

A system and method for automating an appropriate voxel prescription in a uniquely definable region of interest (ROI) in a tissue of a patient is provided, such as for purpose of conducting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the ROI. The dimensions and coordinates of a single three dimensional rectilinear volume (voxel) within a single region of interest (ROI) are automatically identified. This is done, in some embodiments by: (1) applying statistically identified ROI search areas within a field of view (FOV); (2) image processing an MRI image to smooth the background and enhance a particular structure useful to define the ROI; (3) identifying a population of pixels that define the particular structure; (4) performing a statistical analysis of the pixel population to fit a 2D model such as an ellipsoid to the population and subsequently fit a rectilinear shape within the model; (5) repetiting elements (1) through (4) using multiple images that encompass the 3D ROI to create a 3D rectilinear shape; (6) a repetition of elements (1) through (5) for multiple ROIs with a common FOV. A manual interface may also be provided, allowing for override to replace by manual prescription, assistance to identify structures (e.g. clicking on disc levels), or modifying the automated voxel (e.g. modify location, shape, or one or more dimensions).

Systems and methods for automated voxelation of regions of interest for magnetic resonance spectroscopy

A system and method for automating an appropriate voxel prescription in a uniquely definable region of interest (ROI) in a tissue of a patient is provided, such as for purpose of conducting magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the ROI. The dimensions and coordinates of a single three dimensional rectilinear volume (voxel) within a single region of interest (ROI) are automatically identified. This is done, in some embodiments by: (1) applying statistically identified ROI search areas within a field of view (FOV); (2) image processing an MRI image to smooth the background and enhance a particular structure useful to define the ROI; (3) identifying a population of pixels that define the particular structure; (4) performing a statistical analysis of the pixel population to fit a 2D model such as an ellipsoid to the population and subsequently fit a rectilinear shape within the model; (5) repetiting elements (1) through (4) using multiple images that encompass the 3D ROI to create a 3D rectilinear shape; (6) a repetition of elements (1) through (5) for multiple ROIs with a common FOV. A manual interface may also be provided, allowing for override to replace by manual prescription, assistance to identify structures (e.g. clicking on disc levels), or modifying the automated voxel (e.g. modify location, shape, or one or more dimensions).

Ultrasonic transducer method

An ultrasonic transducer assembly comprising an injection-molded body member, a pair of piezoelectric ceramic members and a multi-pin connector is described. The piezoelectric ceramic members are electrically connected to the multi-pin connector by means of thin metallic ribbons. When assembled, the transducer assembly is detachably inserted in recesses provided therefor in the end of a hand-held probe.

Methods and systems for controlling energy delivery in medical devices

Systems for controlling ablation procedures that include a user interface. The user interface can include a display; and a memory with a computer executable method stored thereon, the computer executable method adapted to cause to be displayed on the display a plurality of interactive elements for controlling one or more aspects of the ablation.

Mr spectroscopy system and method for diagnosing painful and non-painful intervertebral discs

EDITORIAL NOTE APPLICATION NUMBER - 2021254588 Please note: Abstract page 142 should be numbered 123. MR SPECTROSCOPY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING PAINFUL AND NON-PAINFUL INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS Abstract of the Disclosure An MR Spectroscopy (MRS) system and approach is provided for diagnosing painful and non-painful discs in chronic, severe low back pain patients (DDD-MRS). A DDD-MRS pulse sequence generates and acquires DDD-MRS spectra within intervertebral disc nuclei for later signal processing and diagnostic analysis. An interfacing DDD-MRS signal processor receives output signals of the DDD-MRS spectra acquired and is configured to optimize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by an automated system that selectively conducts optimal channel selection, phase and frequency correction, and frame editing as appropriate for a given acquisition series. A diagnostic processor calculates a diagnostic value for the disc based upon a weighted factor set of criteria that uses MRS data extracted from the acquired and processed MRS spectra along regions associated with multiple chemicals that have been correlated to painful vs. non-painful discs. A diagnostic display provides a scaled, color coded legend and indication of results for each disc analyzed as an overlay onto a mid-sagittal T2-weighted MRI image of the lumbar spine for the patient being diagnosed. Clinical application of the embodiments provides a non-invasive, objective, pain-free, reliable approach for diagnosing painful vs. non-painful discs by simply extending and enhancing the utility of otherwise standard MRI exams of the lumbar spine. 9835226 142

Urethral catheter holder

A urethral catheter holder ( 10 ), comprising a supporting base ( 20 ); a suspension housing ( 22 ) mounted to supporting base ( 20 ); a catheter securement device ( 24 ) adapted to hold a catheter ( 30 ) passing longitudinally therethrough, catheter securement device ( 24 ) being adapted to slide longitudinally within suspension housing ( 22 ); and a biasing device ( 26 ) adapted to push a catheter guide ( 28 ) of catheter securement device ( 24 ) into engagement with the patient's external meatus (EM).

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