Lighting device having heat dissipation element

A lighting device comprising at least a first light source and at least a first heat dissipation element. At least a first region of the dissipation element comprises at least one material selected from among (1) sintered silicon carbide, (2) a sintered mixture of silicon carbide and at least one other ceramic material, (3) a sintered mixture of silicon carbide and at least one metal other than aluminum, (4) a sintered mixture of silicon carbide, at least one other ceramic material and at least one metal other than aluminum and (5) a sintered mixture of silicon carbide, at least one other ceramic material and at least one metal. Also, a lighting device comprising at least a first light source and heat conducting means for dissipating heat.

Semiconductor light emitting devices including flexible silicone film having a lens therein

Semiconductor light emitting devices include an alumina substrate, a light emitting diode on a face of the substrate and flexible silicone film that includes a silicone lens on the face of the substrate. The light emitting diode emits light through the silicone lens.

Reflective optical elements for semiconductor light emitting devices

Optical elements for semiconductor light emitting devices include a body that is configured to attach to a semiconductor light emitting device. The body includes an integral lens. A mirror is provided in and/or on the body. The body, the lens and the mirror are positioned such that, in operation, light that is emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device enters the body, is reflected from the mirror and passes through the lens to emerge from the body.

LED lamp with filament style LED assembly

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base.

Light emitting diode arrays for direct backlighting of liquid crystal displays

A display panel for a flat panel display includes a planar array of LCD devices and a planar array of LED devices that is closely spaced apart from the planar array of LCD devices, at least some of the LED devices being disposed within a periphery of the array of LCD devices such that, in operation, the planar array of LED devices provides backlighting for the planar array of LCD devices. The planar array of LED devices can include at least one solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes therein an array of reflector cavities, and the second metal face includes therein heat sink fins that are exposed at the back face of the flat panel display.

SOLID STATE LIGHTING DEVICE INCLUDING GREEN SHIFTED RED COMPONENT

A green-shifted red solid state lighting device includes at least one green solid state light emitter arranged to stimulate emissions from at least one red lumiphor, arranged in combination with at least one blue solid state light emitter. Such device may be devoid of any yellow lumiphor arranged to be stimulated by a blue solid state light emitter. A green shifted red plus blue (GSR+B) lighting device exhibits reduced Stokes Shift losses as compared to a blue shifted yellow plus red (BSY+R) lighting device, with comparable color rendering performance and similar efficiency, enhanced color stability over a range of operating temperatures, and enhanced color rendering performance at higher correlated color temperatures. Additional solid state emitters and/or lumiphors may be provided. 1. A lighting device comprising:at least one first solid state light emitter comprising a dominant wavelength in a range of from 500 nm to 570 nm;at least one second solid state light emitter comprising a peak wavelength in a range of from 430 nm to 480 nm; andat least one first lumiphor arranged to receive emissions from the at least one first solid state light emitter and responsively generate lumiphor emissions comprising a peak wavelength of at least about 591 nm;wherein the lighting device is arranged to output combined emissions including at least a portion of light emissions generated by each of the at least one first solid state light emitter, the at least one second solid state light emitter, and the at least one first lumiphor; andwherein the lighting device is devoid of any lumiphor (a) comprising a peak wavelength in a range of from 555 nm to 590 nm, and (b) being arranged to receive emissions from the second solid state light emitter.2. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first solid state light emitter and the at least one second solid state light emitter are independently controllable relative to one another.3. The lighting device of claim 2 , ...

Lighting device and lighting method

A lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one lumiphor. If each solid state light emitter is illuminated and each lumiphor is excited, a mixture of light emitted has x, y color coordinates within an area defined by the coordinates 0.32, 0.40; 0.36, 0,48; 0.43, 0.45; 0.42, 0.42; and 0.36, 0.38. The lumiphor(s) comprises phosphor particles, in the range of from 3 to 7 micrometers (or 5-15, 10-20, or 15-25 micrometers), or having a mean particle size of 5, 10, 15, 20 micrometers. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one emitter and at least one lumiphor in which the lumiphor comprises phosphor particles having sizes as mentioned above, where the lighting device has an efficacy of at least 60 (or 70, or 80) lumens per watt.

GAS COOLED LED LAMP

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. A board supports lamp electronics for the lamp and is located in the enclosure. The LED array is mounted to the board and LEDs are mounted on a submount formed to have a three dimensional shape. The board is electrically coupled to the LED array and the submount may be thermally coupled to the gas for dissipating heat from the plurality of LEDs. 1. A lamp comprising:an enclosure being at least partially optically transmissive;a board supporting a power supply for the lamp located in the enclosure;at least one LED disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure and mounted to the board and operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the at least one LED; andthe at least one LED mounted on a submount formed to have a three dimensional shape, the board being electrically coupled to the at least one LED and the submount being thermally coupled to the gas for dissipating heat from the at least one LED.2. The lamp of wherein the submount is bendable.3. The lamp of wherein the board is supported in the enclosure by conductors that form part of the electrical connection.4. The lamp of wherein the submount is formed with a first connector and the board is formed with a second connector where the first connector engages the second connector to secure the submount to the board.5. The lamp of wherein the first connector comprises one of a female connector and a male connector and the second connector comprises another one of a male connector and a female connector.6. The lamp of wherein the first connector comprises one of a slot and a tab and the second connector comprises another one of a tab and a ...

Solid metal block semiconductor light emitting device mounting substrates and packages

A mounting substrate for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes an insulating layer and a conductive layer on the insulating layer. The conductive layer is patterned to provide first and second conductive traces that connect to a semiconductor light emitting device. The second metal face may include heat sink fins therein. A flexible film including an optical element, such as a lens, also may be provided, overlying the semiconductor light emitting device.

Light emitting device incorporating a luminescent material

A light emitting device uses a source of exciting radiation such as an light emitting diode to excite a photo luminescent material to provide a source of visible light. The photo luminescent material is loaded into a low density material such as a xerogel or an aerogel which is adjacent the source of exciting radiation ...

Robust Group III light emitting diode for high reliability in standard packaging applications

A physically robust light emitting diode is disclosed that offers high-reliability in standard packaging and that will withstand high temperature and high humidity conditions. The diode comprises a Group III nitride heterojunction diode with a p-type Group III nitride contact layer, an ohmic contact to the p-type contact layer, and a sputter-deposited silicon nitride composition passivation layer on the ohmic contact. A method of manufacturing a light emitting diode and an LED lamp incorporating the diode are also disclosed.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

SOLID METAL BLOCK SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE MOUNTING SUBSTRATES AND PACKAGES

A mounting substrate for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes an insulating layer and a conductive layer on the insulating layer. The conductive layer is patterned to provide first and second conductive traces that connect to a semiconductor light emitting device. The second metal face may include heat sink fins therein. A flexible film including an optical element, such as a lens, also may be provided, overlying the semiconductor light emitting device.

LIGHTING DEVICE, HEAT TRANSFER STRUCTURE AND HEAT TRANSFER ELEMENT

A heat pipe configured to transfer heat from a central portion of a lighting device to an edge portion of the lighting device, the heat pipe comprising one region which extends along a portion of a diameter of a substantially circular, substantially annular shape and another region that extends along a diameter of the shape. Also, a lighting device comprising a housing, a reflector, a light emitter and a heat pipe as described above. Also, a self ballasted lamp comprising a solid state light source, an electrical connector, an AC power supply, a reflector configured to receive light from the source and emit reflected light from an aperture, and a thermal management system. Also, a lighting device, comprising a housing, a reflector, a light emitter comprising an array of solid state light emitters, a heat pipe and a sensor.

Semiconductor Light Emitting Devices and Submounts

A submount for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor substrate having a cavity therein configured to receive the light emitting device. A first bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a first node of a light emitting device received in the cavity. A second bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a second node of a light emitting device positioned therein. Light emitting devices including a solid wavelength conversion member and methods for forming the same are also provided. 1. A light emitting device package for a semiconductor light emitting device , comprising:a semiconductor substrate having a mounting surface thereon configured to receive the light emitting device;a light emitting device on the mounting surface;a plurality of p-n junctions formed in the semiconductor substrate; anda solid wavelength conversion member positioned over the light emitting device and displaced therefrom to receive and wavelength convert light emitted from the light emitting device.2. The light emitting device package of claim 1 , further comprising:a first bond pad on the mounting surface positioned to couple a first node of the light emitting device to a first conductive path extending through the substrate to an external surface of the semiconductor substrate; anda second bond pad on the mounting surface positioned to couple a second node of the light emitting device to a second conductive path extending through the substrate to the external surface of the substrate,wherein the plurality of p-n junctions formed in the semiconductor substrate are configured to provide electro-static discharge (ESD) protection to the light emitting device.3. The light emitting device package of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of p-n junctions comprises integral opposing zener diode junctions coupling the first and second conductive paths to provide the electro-static discharge (ESD) protection to the light emitting device.4. The light emitting device ...

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF NITRIC OXIDE

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from nm to 900 nm. 131-. (canceled)32. A method of modulating the enzymatic production of nitric oxide in , or the release of endogenous stores of nitric oxide , from living mammalian tissue , the method comprising:impinging light having a first peak wavelength on the tissue at a first radiant flux,{'sup': '2', 'wherein the first radiant flux is at between 5 and 60 mW/cm, and wherein the first light has a first peak wavelength between about 620 and 640 nm,'}wherein the first light dose and the first radiant flux releases nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide or stimulates enzymatic generation of nitric oxide.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein at least about 80% of the first radiant flux is transmitted through at least 1.5 mm of the tissue.34. The method of claim 32 , wherein the wavelength is about 620 nm.35. The method of claim 32 , further comprising impinging light having a second peak wavelength on the tissue at a second radiant flux claim 32 , wherein the second radiant flux is at between 5 and 60 mW/cm.36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the first peak wavelength and the first radiant flux are selected to release nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide; and the second peak wavelength and the second radiant flux are selected to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide.37. The method of claim 35 , ...

GAS COOLED LED LAMP

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. The gas may include oxygen. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an LED array disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection, the LED array being mounted on an LED assembly comprising a heat sink structure where the LED array is disposed toward one side of the LED assembly with the heat sink structure extending toward the opposite side of the LED assembly, the LED array being positioned substantially in the center of the enclosure;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array.19. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises helium.20. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises hydrogen.21. The lamp of wherein the electrical connection comprises a thermally resistive electrical path that prevents overtemperature of the LED array.22. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path comprises a wire claim 21 , the wire having a dimension such that the dimension prevents overtemperature of the LED array.23. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive sealed enclosure;an LED disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array where the gas comprises oxygen.24. The lamp of where the oxygen is provided in the enclosure in an amount that is sufficient to prevent degradation of the LED.25. ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising sources of visible light comprising solid state light emitters and/or luminescent materials emitting three or four different hues. A first group of the sources, when illuminated, emit light of two hues which, if combined, would produce illumination having coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates: 0.59, 0.24; 0.40, 0.50; 0.24, 0.53; 0.17, 0.25; and 0.30, 0.12. A second group of the sources is of an additional hue. Mixing light from the first and second groups produces illumination within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, a lighting device comprising a white light source having a CRI of 75 or less and at least one solid state light emitters and/or luminescent material. Also, methods of lighting.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Solid metal block mounting substrates for semiconductor light emitting devices

A mounting substrate for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a solid metal block having a cavity in a face thereof that is configured for mounting a semiconductor light emitting device therein. An insulating coating is provided in the cavity, and first and second spaced apart conductive traces are provided on the insulating coating in the cavity that are configured for connection to a semiconductor light emitting device. The mounting substrate may be fabricated by providing a solid aluminum block including a cavity in a face thereof that is configured for mounting a semiconductor light emitting device therein. The solid aluminum block is oxidized to form an aluminum oxide coating thereon. The first and second spaced apart electrical traces are fabricated on the aluminum oxide coating in the cavity.

Lighting devices and methods for lighting

A lighting device comprises groups of solid state light emitters, a sensor and circuitry. If the emitters are illuminated, the sensor is exposed to combined light from the groups, and senses only a portion of the combined light. The circuitry adjusts current applied to at least one of the emitters based on an intensity of the light sensed. Also, a device comprising emitters, a circuit board and a sensor, at least one of the emitters being positioned on the first circuit board and the sensor being spaced from the circuit board. Also, a lighting device comprising emitters, a sensor, and circuitry which adjusts current applied an emitters based on detection by the first sensor, the circuitry comprising a differential amplifier circuit. Also, a lighting device, comprising light emitters and circuitry which adjusts current applied to only some of the emitters based on ambient temperature. Also, methods of lighting.

Solid state lighting apparatus with compensation bypass circuits and methods of operation thereof

A lighting apparatus includes a string of serially-connected light emitting devices and a bypass circuit coupled to first and second nodes of the string and configured to variably conduct a bypass current around at least one of the light-emitting devices responsive to a temperature and/or a total current in the string. In some embodiments, the bypass circuit includes a variable resistance circuit coupled to the first and second nodes of the string and configured to variably conduct the bypass current around the at least one of the light-emitting devices responsive to a control voltage applied to a control node and a compensation circuit coupled to the control node and configured to vary the control voltage responsive to a temperature and/or total string current.

SOLID STATE LIGHTING DEVICE INCLUDING MULTIPLE WAVELENGTH CONVERSION MATERIALS

A solid state lighting device includes a solid state light emitter combined with a lumiphor to form a solid state light emitting component, at least one lumiphor spatially segregated from the light emitting component, and another lumiphor and/or solid state light emitter. The solid state light emitting component may include a blue shifted yellow component with a higher color temperature, but in combination with the other elements the aggregated emissions from the lighting device have a lower color temperature. Multiple white or near-white components may be provided and arranged to stimulate one or more lumiphors spatially segregated therefrom. 1. A lighting device comprising:at least one first light emitting component including at least one electrically activated first solid state light emitter adapted to emit a peak wavelength in a range of from 430 to 480 nm, and including at least one first wavelength conversion material covering at least a portion of the at least one first solid state light emitter and adapted to emit a peak wavelength in a range of from 550 to 599 nm;a second wavelength conversion material spatially segregated from the first light emitting component, arranged to receive emissions from the at least one first light emitting component, and adapted to emit a peak wavelength in a range of from 500 to 560 nm; andan electrically activated second solid state light emitter adapted to emit a peak wavelength in a range of from 600 to 660 nm.2. A lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein the second wavelength conversion material is arranged to receive emissions from the second solid state light emitter.3. A lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein the second solid state light emitter is independently controllable relative to the at least one first solid state light emitter.4. A lighting device according to claim 1 , further comprising a third wavelength conversion material spatially segregated from the at least one first light emitting component ...

Lighting device which includes one or more solid state light emitting device

There is provided a lighting device which has at least one solid state light emitter and a substantially transparent heat sink. The heat sink and the solid state light emitter are positioned and oriented relative to one another such that if the solid state light emitter is illuminated, light emitted by the solid state light emitter which exits the lighting device passes through at least a portion of the heat sink. Also, there is provided a lighting device which has at least one solid state light emitter and means for extracting heat from the solid state light emitter.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Solid state lighting apparatus with configurable shunts

A solid state lighting apparatus according to some embodiments includes a circuit including a plurality of light emitting devices, and a configurable shunt configured to bypass at least some current around at least one light emitting device of the plurality of light emitting devices. The configurable shunt may include, for example, a tunable resistor, a fuse, a switch, a thermistor, and/or a variable resistor.

Semiconductor light emitting devices and submounts

A submount for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor substrate having a cavity therein configured to receive the light emitting device. A first bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a first node of a light emitting device received in the cavity. A second bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a second node of a light emitting device positioned therein. Light emitting devices including a solid wavelength conversion member and methods for forming the same are also provided.

Shifting spectral content in solid state light emitters by spatially separating lumiphor films

A lighting device, comprising at least one solid state light emitter, at least one first lumiphor and at least one second lumiphor which is spaced from the first lumiphor. The solid state light emitter can be a light emitting diode. A method of making a lighting device, comprising positioning at least one second lumiphor spaced from and outside of at least one first lumiphor relative to at least one solid state light emitter. A method of lighting, comprising providing electricity to at least one solid state light emitter in such a lighting device.

Solid State Lighting Devices Including Light Mixtures

A solid state lighting apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) including at least a first LED and a second LED. Chromaticities of the first and second LEDs are selected so that a combined light generated by a mixture of light from the pair of LEDs has about a target chromaticity. The first LED may include a first LED chip that emits light in the blue portion of the visible spectrum and a phosphor that emits red light in response to blue light emitted by the first LED chip. The second LED emits light having a color point that is above the planckian locus of a 1931 CIE Chromaticity diagram, and in particular may have a yellow green, greenish yellow or green hue.

SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES INCLUDING MULTIPLE SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING ELEMENTS IN A SUBSTRATE CAVITY

Semiconductor light emitting devices include a substrate having a cavity, multiple light emitting devices in the cavity and remote phosphor layers, scattering layers and/or lenses for the light emitting devices.

SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES INCLUDING FLEXIBLE UNITARY FILM HAVING AN OPTICAL ELEMENT THEREIN

A semiconductor light emitting device includes a substrate having a face, a flexible unitary film that includes an optical element therein on the face, and a semiconductor light emitting element between the substrate and the flexible film that is configured to emit light through the optical element. The flexible unitary film extends conformally on the face of the substrate outside the semiconductor light emitting element and also extends on the semiconductor light emitting element.

Lighting device having luminescent material between a reflective cup and a solid state light emitter

A lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a reflective cup and a lumiphor positioned between the chip and the cup. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a wire bonded to a first surface of the chip and a lumiphor which faces a second surface of the chip. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, and a lumiphor, a first surface of the chip facing a first region of the lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing a second region of the lumiphor. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip and first and second lumiphors, a first surface of the chip facing the second lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing the first lumiphor. Also, methods of making lighting devices.

Lighting device and lighting method

A lighting device comprising one or more solid state light emitters which emit near ultraviolet light or ultraviolet light, one or more other emitters which emit light in the range of 480 nm to about 490 nm and one or more other emitters which emit light in the range of 580 nm to about 590 nm, to make a mixture which in the absence of any other light would have a combined illumination which is within twenty MacAdam ellipses of at least one point on the blackbody locus on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram. One or more of the other emitters is a lumiphor. One or more of the other emitters can be a solid state light emitter. Also, packaged solid state light emitters and methods of lighting.

Semiconductor light emitting devices including multiple semiconductor light emitting elements in a substrate cavity

Semiconductor light emitting devices include a substrate having a cavity, multiple light emitting devices in the cavity and remote phosphor layers, scattering layers and/or lenses for the light emitting devices.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Semiconductor light emitting circuits including light emitting diodes and four layer semiconductor shunt devices

Semiconductor light emitting circuits include semiconductor light emitting diodes that are serially connected between a pair of input terminals. Four layer semiconductor devices, such as Shockley diodes and/or thyristors are also provided, a respective one of which is connected across a respective one of the semiconductor light emitting diodes. The four layer semiconductor devices can allow a string of light emitting diodes to continue to be lit if one light emitting diode fails.

White light color changing solid state lighting and methods

Solid state lighting (SSL) luminaries are disclosed wherein the emission intensity of discrete light sources within the SSL luminaire can be varied to produce luminaire light having different characteristics. The present invention can utilize the unique circuit topology of SSL luminaires to vary the emission intensity of different types of LEDs in the luminaire. In some embodiments, the different types of LEDs are connected in respective serial strings, and the intensity of emission of the LEDs in each of the strings can be varied by changing the electrical signal driving the strings. In some of these embodiments, white light is emitted from the SSL luminaire by combining emission from BSY and red LEDs. For these embodiments the color changing solutions according to the present invention can include, as an example, changing color while dimming the luminaire, changing color between daytime and nighttime modes, and changing between most efficient and points in between.

Lighting device and lighting method

A lighting device comprising sources of visible light comprising solid state light emitters and/or luminescent materials emitting three or four different hues. A first group of the sources, when illuminated, emit light of two hues which, if combined, would produce illumination having coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates: 0.59, 0.24; 0.40, 0.50; 0.24, 0.53; 0.17, 0.25; and 0.30, 0.12. A second group of the sources is of an additional hue. Mixing light from the first and second groups produces illumination within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, a lighting device comprising a white light source having a CRI of 75 or less and at least one solid state light emitters and/or luminescent material. Also, methods of lighting.

Solid State Lighting Devices Including Thermal Management and Related Methods

Provided is a solid state lighting apparatus that includes multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) including at least a first LED and a second LED. The apparatus includes a thermal sensor that is configured to provide a temperature signal corresponding to an operating condition of the solid state lighting apparatus and a control circuit that is configured to receive the temperature signal and to selectively interrupt electrical current to a portion of the plurality of light emitting diodes responsive to the temperature signal including a value that exceeds a high temperature limit.

Lamp

Gas cooled LED lamp

A gas cooled LED lamp and submount is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In some embodiments, the LEDs can be mounted on or fixed to a light transmissive submount. In some embodiments, LEDs can be disposed on both sides of a two-sided submount, or on thee or more sides if the submount structure includes three or more mounting surfaces. In example embodiments, the LEDs can be cooled and/or cushioned by a gas in thermal communication with the LED array to enable the LEDs to maintain an appropriate operating temperature for efficient operation and long life. In some embodiments, the gas is at a pressure of from about 0.5 to about 10 atmospheres and has a thermal conductivity of at least about 60 mW/m-K.

LED lamp

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base.

Solid state lighting apparatus and methods using integrated driver circuitry

A lighting apparatus includes a first substrate including a switching circuit, the switching circuit including a first port, a second port and a current control circuit configured to generate a current at the second port of the current control circuit responsive to a varying voltage at the first port. The apparatus further includes a second substrate mounted on the first substrate and including at least two LEDs electrically coupled to the second port of the current control circuit of the first substrate.

PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC LIGHT FOR TREATMENT OF PATHOGENS

Methods and related devices for impinging light on tissue, for example within a body of a patient, to induce various biological effects are disclosed. Biological effects may include at least one of inactivating and/or inhibiting growth of one or more pathogens, upregulating a local immune response, stimulating enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide, releasing nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide, and inducing an anti-inflammatory effect. Wavelengths of light are selected based on intended biological effects for one or more of targeted tissue types and targeted pathogens. Light treatments may provide multiple pathogenic biological effects, either with light of a single wavelength or with light having multiple wavelengths. Devices and methods for light treatments are disclosed that provide light doses for inducing biological effects on various targeted pathogens and targeted tissues with increased efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity ...

Lighting device

Lamp

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Self-ballasted solid state lighting devices

A lighting device, comprising a light engine housing, a light engine comprising one or more solid state light emitters, a diffuser and an energy forwarding element which receives AC voltage and supplies power to the light engine. The light engine housing comprises an electrical connection region which is engageable with an electricity supply device. The light engine housing comprises a first compartment, in which the light engine is positioned and a second compartment. The light engine housing comprises a flange region. The first compartment has an opening which is covered by the diffuser. The lighting device can be mounted such the only elements which are visible from a room are the flange region, a front side of the diffuser and any portion of the first compartment which is between the opening and the open end of the light engine housing. The light engine housing can comprise heat-dissipating fins.

Light emitting device incorporating a luminescent material

A light emitting device uses a source of exciting radiation such as an light emitting diode to excite a photo luminescent material to provide a source of visible light. The photo luminescent material is loaded into a low density material such as a xerogel or an aerogel which is adjacent the source of exciting radiation.

SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES INCLUDING FLEXIBLE UNITARY FILM ON ALUMINUM NITRIDE SUBSTRATE

Semiconductor light emitting devices include an aluminum nitride substrate, a light emitting diode on a face of the substrate and flexible silicone film that includes a silicone lens on the face of the substrate. The light emitting diode emits light through the silicone lens.

Collets for bonding of light emitting diodes having shaped substrates

Bonding of flip-chip mounted light emitting devices having an irregular configuration is provided. Light emitting diodes having a shaped substrate are bonded to a submount by applying forces to the substrate an a manner such that shear forces within the substrate do not exceed a failure threshold of the substrate. Bonding a light emitting diode to a submount may be provided by applying force to a surface of a substrate of the light emitting diode that is oblique to a direction of motion of the light emitting diode to thermosonically bond the light emitting diode to the submount. Collets for use in bonding shaped substrates to a submount and systems for bonding shaped substrates to a submount are also provided.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES HAVING AN ACTIVE REGION WITH ELECTRICAL CONTACTS COUPLED TO OPPOSING SURFACES THEREOF

A light-emitting device comprises a substrate that has a contact plug extending therethrough between first and second opposing surfaces. An active region is on the first surface, a first electrical contact is on the active region, and a second electrical contact is adjacent to the second surface of the substrate. The contact plug couples the second electrical contact to the active region. Such a configuration may allow electrical contacts to be on opposing sides of a chip, which may increase the number of devices that may be formed on a wafer.

HIGH EFFICIENCY LED LAMP

A high-efficiency LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency, high output solid-state lamp. The lamp includes an LED assembly, and an optical element or diffuser disposed to receive light from the LED assembly. The optical element includes a primary exit surface for the light, wherein the primary exit surface is at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly. In example embodiments, the optical element is roughly cylindrical in shape. An LED lamp according to some embodiments of the invention has an efficiency of at least 150 lumens per watt. In some embodiments, the lamp has a light output of at least 1200 lumens. In some embodiments, the LED lamp produces light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 and a correlated color temperature of from 2800 to 3000 K. 1. An LED lamp operable to emit light with an efficiency of at least 150 lumens per watt , a total light output of at least 1200 lumens , and a warm white color.2. The LED lamp of further operable to emit warm white light with a correlated color temperature of from 2500 to 3500 K.3. The LED lamp of further operable to emit warm white light with a correlated color temperature of from 2800 to 3000 K.4. The LED lamp of wherein the warm white light has a color rendering index of at least 90.5. The LED lamp of further comprising a cylindrical optical element disposed to receive light from an LED assembly claim 1 , the cylindrical optical element including a primary exit surface claim 1 , at least a portion of the primary exit surface spaced at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly.6. The LED lamp of wherein the portion of the primary exit surface is about 3 inches from the LED assembly.7. The LED lamp of wherein the LED assembly further comprises at least two groups of LEDs claim 1 , wherein one group claim 1 , when illuminated claim 1 , emits light having a dominant wavelength from 435 to 490 nm claim 1 , and another group claim 1 , when illuminated ...

SOLID STATE LIGHTING DEVICE, AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLING THE SAME

A lighting device comprising a light emitter positioning element and first and second solid state light emitters positioned on the first light emitter positioning element, at least a first portion of the first light emitter positioning element of a spiral shape. Also, a lighting device comprising first and second solid state light emitters and means for dissipating heat from them. Also, a method of assembling a lighting device, comprising positioning a first light emitter positioning element that comprises a ledge, so that at least a part of it is in contact with a support structure, at least first and second solid state light emitters being on the positioning element, and pressing the positioning element to bring it into contact with the ledge.

Light emitting diode arrays for direct backlighting of liquid crystal displays

A display panel for a flat panel display includes a planar array of LCD devices and a planar array of LED devices that is closely spaced apart from the planar array of LCD devices, at least some of the LED devices being disposed within a periphery of the array of LCD devices such that, in operation, the planar array of LED devices provides backlighting for the planar array of LCD devices. The planar array of LED devices can include at least one solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes therein an array of reflector cavities, and the second metal face includes therein heat sink fins that are exposed at the back face of the flat panel display.

Lighting device

A lighting device comprising a solid state light emitter and a light mixing element, in which at least ten of light emitted by the emitter that enters the mixing element is reflected within the mixing element, and the mixing element is not larger than 16 mm. Also, a lighting device comprising an emitter and a mixing element comprising first and second regions. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter and a mixing element, in which a light exit region of the mixing element has a surface area between about 50% to about 300% of a surface area of a light entrance region of the mixing element. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter, a mixing element and a light output shaping element which defines an exit aperture having a dimension that is at least three times a largest dimension of the first light mixing element.

LIGHTING DEVICE WHICH INCLUDES ONE OR MORE SOLID STATE LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE

There is provided a lighting device which comprises at least one solid state light emitter and a substantially transparent heat sink. The heat sink and the solid state light emitter are positioned and oriented relative to one another such that if the solid state light emitter is illuminated, light emitted by the solid state light emitter which exits the lighting device passes through at least a portion of the heat sink. Also, there is provided a lighting device which comprises at least one solid state light emitter and means for extracting heat from the solid state light emitter.

Lighting device and lighting method

A lighting device which comprises at least a first solid state lighting device; and at least a first patterned diffuser which comprises a plurality of optical features. If the first solid state lighting device is illuminated, at least some of the light emitted by the first solid state lighting device enters the first patterned diffuser and exits the patterned diffuser. In some embodiments, the patterned diffuser emits light in a specific shape (e.g., substantially square, rectangular, hexagonal or octagonal). In some embodiments, optical features are positioned on the first surface of the side of the first patterned diffuser that the emitted light enters. Also, a method of lighting which comprises illuminating one (or more) solid state lighting device which emits light which enters a patterned diffuser which comprises a plurality of optical features, and exits the patterned diffuser.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF NITRIC OXIDE

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm.

SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING CIRCUITS INCLUDING LIGHT EMITTING DIODES AND SEMICONDUCTOR SHUNT DEVICES

Semiconductor light emitting circuits include semiconductor light emitting diodes that are serially connected between a pair of input terminals. Four layer semiconductor devices, such as Shockley diodes and/or thyristors are also provided, a respective one of which is connected across a respective one of the semiconductor light emitting diodes. The four layer semiconductor devices can allow a string of light emitting diodes to continue to be lit if one light emitting diode fails.

Solid metal block semiconductor light emitting device mounting substrates

A mounting substrate for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes an insulating layer and a conductive layer on the insulating layer. The conductive layer is patterned to provide first and second conductive traces that connect to a semiconductor light emitting device. The second metal face may include heat sink fins therein. A flexible film including an optical element, such as a lens, also may be provided, overlying the semiconductor light emitting device.

Methods of selectively applying luminous material to light emitting devices based on measured output thereof

A light emitting apparatus is fabricated by measuring light output of a semiconductor light emitting device, and selectively applying luminous material to the light emitting device based on the measured output of the light emitting device. An amount of luminous material, different compositions of luminous material and/or different doping levels of luminous material may be selectively applied based on the measured output of the light emitting device.

Solid state lighting devices including light mixtures

A solid state lighting apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) including at least a first LED and a second LED. Chromaticities of the first and second LEDs are selected so that a combined light generated by a mixture of light from the pair of LEDs has about a target chromaticity. The first LED may include a first LED chip that emits light in the blue portion of the visible spectrum and a phosphor that emits red light in response to blue light emitted by the first LED chip. The second LED emits light having a color point that is above the planckian locus of a 1931 CIE Chromaticity diagram, and in particular may have a yellow green, greenish yellow or green hue.

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) LIGHTING SYSTEMS INCLUDING LOW ABSORPTION, CONTROLLED REFLECTANCE ENCLOSURES

LED lighting systems include an enclosure adjacent at least one LED that is configured so that at least some light that is emitted by the at least one LED passes through the enclosure. The enclosure has less than about 10% total absorption. The enclosure also has a transmittance-to-reflectance ratio that is configured to homogenize light that emerges from the enclosure (1) directly from the at least one LED, and (2) after one or more reflections within the enclosure.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

LED LAMP

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base defining a longitudinal axis of the lamp that extends from the base to the free end of the enclosure. An LED assembly is positioned in the optically transmissive enclosure. The LED assembly includes LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The LED assembly is arranged such that the plurality of LEDs face perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the lamp. The emission profile of the LEDs being at least 120 degrees FWHM. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure and a base defining a longitudinal axis of the lamp extending from the base to the free end of the enclosure;an LED assembly in the optically transmissive enclosure, the LED assembly comprising a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base, the LED assembly arranged such that the plurality of LEDs face perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, the emission profile of at least selected ones of the plurality of LEDs being at least 120 degrees FWHM.2. The lamp of wherein the emission profile of the selected ones of the plurality of LEDs is at least 130 degrees FWHM.3. The lamp of wherein the emission profile of the selected ones of the plurality of LEDs is in the range of 130 degrees to 170 degrees FWHM.4. The lamp of wherein the emission profile of the selected ones of the plurality of LEDs is in the range of 130 degrees to 160 degrees FWHM.5. The lamp of wherein the emission profile of the selected ones of the plurality of LEDs is in the range of 130 degrees to 150 degrees FWHM.6. The lamp of wherein the emission profile of the selected ones of the plurality of LEDs is in the range of approximately 145 degrees to 150 degrees FWHM.7. The lamp of wherein the selected ones of the plurality of the LEDs emit light with variations in color temperature of less than −400 to +400 kelvin and viewing angles of approximately −100 to +100 degrees.8. The ...

LIGHTING DEVICES, FIXTURE STRUCTURES AND COMPONENTS FOR USE THEREIN

In some embodiments, a lighting device comprising two or more light sources and an optical device configured to enhance uniformity of light emitted from the light sources and emerging from a surface of the optical device, an average distance between light sources less than one half of the square root of the area of the surface divided by the number of light sources. In some embodiments, a fixture structure comprising a reflective structure and a heat conductor in contact with the reflective structure and covering not more than 30 percent of the surface area of the reflective structure. In some embodiments, a lighting device comprising a fixture structure, at least one light source mounted on one substrate, and at least one light source mounted on another substrate. Other fixture structures and lighting devices. 1. A lighting device , comprising:at least two light sources; andat least a first optical device having at least a first light exit surface,the first optical device configured to enhance uniformity of light emitted from the light sources and emerging from the first light exit surface,{'sup': '1/2', 'an average distance between each light source and its nearest neighboring light source less than the value of (a surface area of the first light exit surface divided by a total number of light sources in the lighting device), divided by two.'}2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the at least two light sources comprises at least a first solid state light emitter.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the light sources comprise at least a first solid state light emitter and a second solid state light emitter,the first solid state light emitter emits light of a first color hue, andthe second solid state light emitter emits light of a second color hue, the second color hue spaced from the first color hue on a 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram by at least 0.1 unit.4. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the ...

SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES AND SUBMOUNTS AND METHODS FOR FORMING THE SAME

A submount for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor substrate having a cavity therein configured to receive the light emitting device. A first bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a first node of a light emitting device received in the cavity. A second bond pad is positioned in the cavity to couple to a second node of a light emitting device positioned therein. Light emitting devices including a solid wavelength conversion member and methods for forming the same are also provided.

Lighting device and lighting method

A lighting device comprising first, second and third groups of solid state light emitters, and first and second groups of lumiphors. A mixture of light emitted from the first group of emitters and the first group of lumiphors has x,y color coordinates within an area defined by coordinates (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.5125,0.4866), and (0.4087,0.5896) (or (0.41,0.455), (0.36,0.48), (0.4087,0.5896), and (0.4788,0.5202)). A mixture of light emitted from the second group of emitters and the second group of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.30,0.26), and (0.25,0.29). A mixture of light from the first and second groups of emitters and the first and second groups of lumiphors is within an area defined by (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.48), (0.43,0.45), (0.42,0.42), and (0.36,0.38) (or (0.32,0.40), (0.36,0.38), (0.41,0.455), and (0.36,0.48)). A mixture of light from all of these emitters and lumiphors is within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, methods of ...

Heat sinks and lamp incorporating same

A lamp comprising a solid state light emitter, the lamp being an A lamp and providing a wall plug efficiency of at least 90 lumens per watt. Also, a lamp comprising a solid state light emitter and a power supply, the emitter being mounted on a heat dissipation element, the dissipation element being spaced from the power supply. Also, a lamp, comprising a solid state light emitter and a heat dissipation element that has a heat dissipation chamber, whereby an ambient medium can enter the chamber, pass through the chamber, and exit. Also, a lamp, comprising a light emissive housing at least one solid state lighting emitter and a first heat dissipation element.

Lighting device

REMOTE PHOSPHOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES HAVING TRANSPARENT FEATURES

A substrate including phosphor is remotely illuminated by an LED. Optical radiation that emerges through the substrate is measured. Portions of the substrate, such as raised features on the substrate, are then selectively removed responsive to the measuring, so as to obtain a desired optical radiation. In removing portions of the substrate, holes may be drilled through the substrate to provide a separate path for light from the LED that does not pass through the phosphor. Alternatively, a separate LED may be provided outside the dome. 119.-. (canceled)20. A transmissive optical element comprising:a transparent substrate having luminophoric material therein and/or thereon and that is configured to be remotely illuminated by a light emitting device that is spaced apart from the transparent substrate;the transparent substrate further comprising raised transparent features thereon.21. A transmissive optical element according to wherein the transparent substrate comprises inner and outer surfaces and wherein the raised transparent features comprise transparent bumps and/or lines on the outer surface.22. A transmissive optical element according to wherein the transparent substrate comprises a dome.23. A transmissive optical element according to in further combination with a light emitting diode (“LED”) that is located at a base of the dome and spaced apart from an inner surface of the dome.24. A transmissive optical element according to in still further combination with a mounting substrate and wherein the LED and the dome are on the mounting substrate.25. A transmissive optical element comprising:a transparent substrate having luminophoric material therein and/or thereon and that is configured to be remotely illuminated by a light emitting device that is spaced apart from the transparent substrate;the transparent substrate further comprising an array of holes that extends at least partially through the transparent substrate.26. A transmissive optical element according to ...

Solid state lighting devices including light mixtures

A solid state lighting apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs). Each of the LEDs includes an LED device configured to emit light having about a first dominant wavelength and a phosphor configured to receive at least some of the light emitted by the LED device and responsively emit light having about a second dominant wavelength. A combined light emitted by the LED device and the phosphor of a first one of the plurality of LEDs has a first color point and a combined light emitted by the LED device and the phosphor of a second one of the plurality of LEDs has a second color point that falls outside a seven step Macadam ellipse around the first color point.

SOLID METAL BLOCK SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE MOUNTING SUBSTRATES

A mounting substrate for a semiconductor light emitting device includes a solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes an insulating layer and a conductive layer on the insulating layer. The conductive layer is patterned to provide first and second conductive traces that connect to a semiconductor light emitting device. The second metal face may include heat sink fins therein. A flexible film including an optical element, such as a lens, also may be provided, overlying the semiconductor light emitting device.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm.

Sign and method for lighting

A sign comprising a surface having a display, and a plurality of sources of visible light. The sources of visible light are oriented to illuminate at least a portion of the display, and include solid state light emitters and/or luminescent materials. Line segments drawn on a Chromaticity Diagram connecting coordinates of some of the illumination color hues define a shape which encompasses coordinates of the display color hue(s). Also, a sign comprising a surface having a display having a surface area of at least 4 square meters, and at least 100 sources of visible light including solid state light emitters and/or luminescent materials. Also, a sign comprising a white light source and at least one additional source of light. Also, methods of illuminating signs.

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm.

Light emitting devices suitable for flip-chip bonding

Light emitting device die having a mesa configuration on a substrate and an electrode on the mesa are attached to a submount in a flip-chip configuration by forming predefined pattern of conductive die attach material on at least one of the electrode and the submount and mounting the light emitting device die to the submount. The predefined pattern of conductive die attach material is selected so as to prevent the conductive die attach material from contacting regions of having opposite conductivity types when the light emitting device die is mounted to the submount. The predefined pattern of conductive die attach material may provide a volume of die attach material that is less than a volume defined by an area of the electrode and a distance between the electrode and the submount. Light emitting device dies having predefined patterns of conductive die attach material are also provided. Light emitting devices having a gallium nitride based light emitting region on a substrate, such as a ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of non-white light sources emitting light outside a first area on a 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram bounded by a curves 0.01 uv above and below the blackbody locus and within a second area enclosed by saturated light curves from 430 to 465 nm and from 560 to 580 nm and segments from 465 to 560 nm and from 580 to 430 nm and a supplemental light emitter in the range of 600 to 640 nm. Also, a lighting device, comprising a first string of non-white phosphor converted light sources with excitation sources having dominant wavelengths that differ by at least 5 nm, a second string of non-white light sources, and a third string of supplemental light emitters in the range of 600 to 640 nm.

OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH INTERNAL OPTICAL FEATURES AND METHODS OF FABRICATING SAME

An optical element, comprising a substrate and at least one optical film. The substrate is at least partially light-transmissive. The optical film comprises at least a first optical feature and is positioned on a contact surface of the substrate. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and such an optical element. Also, methods for making an optical element by molding (e.g., film insert molding), bonding or laminating.

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm.

LED LAMP

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;a base comprising an Edison connector;a heat sink comprising a tower extending from the base into the enclosure and supporting an LED assembly in the optically transmissive enclosure and a heat dissipating portion extending to the exterior of the lamp, the LED assembly comprising a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base, the tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a centrally located glowing portion.2. The lamp of wherein the LED assembly comprises a submount on which the plurality of LEDs are mounted.3. The lamp of wherein the submount comprises at least one of a PCB claim 2 , metal core board claim 2 , lead frame and metal core printed circuit board.4. The lamp of wherein the submount has a three-dimensional shape where a portion of the tower is inside of the submount and the plurality of LEDs are mounted on an outside surface of the submount.5. The lamp of wherein the ...

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Semiconductor light emitting devices including flexible unitary film on aluminum nitride substrate

Semiconductor light emitting devices include an aluminum nitride substrate, a light emitting diode on a face of the substrate and flexible silicone film that includes a silicone lens on the face of the substrate. The light emitting diode emits light through the silicone lens.

Solid state lighting device with improved heatsink

A solid state lighting device includes at least one emitter and a forged heatsink arranged to receive and dissipate heat generated by emitter(s). The heatsink may have a thickness and/or profile that varies in at least two dimensions. Fabrication of a solid state lighting device may include providing a forged heatsink, and mounting at least one solid state emitter in thermal communication with the heatsink. A space or object may be illuminated with a lighting device including at least one solid state emitter and a forged heatsink. The lighting device may be operated responsive to at least one sensor arranged to sense temperature and/or at least one characteristic of light emitted by the emitter(s).

LED LIGHTING USING SPECTRAL NOTCHING

LED lighting using optical elements with spectral notching is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention provide an optical element and LED devices and systems using such an optical element, where spectral notch filtering introduced by the optical element improves the color rendering index (CRI) of emitted light. In some embodiments of the invention, the optical element is made to act as a notch filter by including a rare earth compound such as neodymium oxide in or on the material of which the optical element is made. A color pigment can also be used to impart notch-filtering properties to an optical element. An optical interference film can also be used. The optical element may be included in an LED device such as a multichip component or may be used as an enclosure or reflector for an LED lighting system such as a lamp or fixture. 1. An optical element shaped to receive at least some light from at least one LED , wherein the optical element filters the light to exhibit a spectral notch after being affected by the optical element.2. The optical element of wherein the light is visible.3. The optical element of wherein the spectral notch occurs between the wavelengths of 520 nm and 605 nm.4. The optical element of wherein the spectral notch occurs between the wavelengths of 565 nm and 600 nm.5. The optical element of wherein the spectral notch occurs between the wavelengths of 570 nm and 595 nm.6. The optical element of wherein the optical element is one of a reflector and a transmissive optical element.7. The optical element of further comprising at least one of a rare earth compound and a color pigment.8. The optical element of wherein the rare earth compound further comprises at least one of neodymium oxide claim 7 , didymium claim 7 , dysprosium claim 7 , erbium claim 7 , holmium claim 7 , praseodymium and thulium.9. The optical element of claim 6 , wherein the optical element is a reflector using optical interference to produce the spectral notch.10. An LED device ...

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсluding flехiblе siliсоnе film hаving а lеns thеrеin

Sеmiсоnduсtоr light еmitting dеviсеs inсludе аn аluminа substrаtе, а light еmitting diоdе оn а fасе оf thе substrаtе аnd flехiblе siliсоnе film thаt inсludеs а siliсоnе lеns оn thе fасе оf thе substrаtе. Тhе light еmitting diоdе еmits light thrоugh thе siliсоnе lеns.

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

There is provided a lighting device comprising one or more groups of solid state light emitters and one or more groups of lumiphors, which emits mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates within a region defined by (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.38), (0.41, 0.455), and (0.36, 0.48). Also, such lighting devices which emit light having x, y color coordinates within other specified regions. Also, such lighting devices with respective groups which emit light within two specified regions, and which mix to produce light within such regions. Also, methods of lighting light from such emitters and/or lumiphors.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF NITRIC OXIDE

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm. 1. A method of modulating nitric oxide in living mammalian tissue , the method comprising:impinging light having a first peak wavelength on the tissue at a first radiant flux, wherein the first peak wavelength and the first radiant flux are selected to release nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide; andimpinging light having a second peak wavelength on the tissue at a second radiant flux, wherein the second peak wavelength and the second radiant flux are selected to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide, wherein the second peak wavelength is greater than the first peak wavelength by at least 25 nm.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second peak wavelength is greater than the first peak wavelength by at least 50 nm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first radiant flux and the second radiant flux is in a range of at least 5 mW/cm.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the first radiant flux and the second radiant flux is in a range of from 5 mW/cmto 60 mW/cm.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzymatic generation of nitric oxide is mediated by iNOS claim 1 , nNOS claim 1 , and/or eNOS in or proximate to the tissue.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the endogenous stores of nitric oxide comprise nitros oglutathione claim 1 , nitro so albumin claim 1 , nitros ohemoglobin ...

LIGHTING DEVICE

A first lighting device comprises at least one plural cavity element and a plurality of solid state light emitters. A second lighting device comprises at least one plural cavity element, a plurality of solid state light emitters and at least one encapsulant region, at least a portion of the plural cavity element being surrounded by the encapsulant region. Each plural cavity element has at least two optical cavities. Each optical cavity comprises a concave region in the plural cavity element. At least one solid state light emitter is present in each of at least two of the optical cavities. 1. A lighting device comprising:at least one plural cavity element, said plural cavity element having at least two optical cavities, each of said optical cavities comprising a concave region in said plural cavity element; anda plurality of solid state light emitters, at least a first solid state light emitter present in a first optical cavity and at least a second solid state light emitter present in a second optical cavity, said first solid state light emitter comprising a first luminescent material, said second solid state light emitter comprising a second luminescent material, said first luminescent material differing from said second luminescent material.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:said plural cavity element further comprises a third optical cavity,at least a third solid state light emitter is present in said third optical cavity, andsaid third solid state light emitter is a narrow spectrum solid state light emitter.3. A lighting device comprising:at least one plural cavity element, said plural cavity element having at least two optical cavities, each of said optical cavities comprising a concave region in said plural cavity element; anda plurality of solid state light emitters,at least a first solid state light emitter present in a first optical cavity and at least a second solid state light emitter present in a second optical cavity, said first solid ...

LIGHTING DEVICES THAT COMPRISE ONE OR MORE SOLID STATE LIGHT EMITTERS

A lighting device, comprising a solid state light emitter and a removable encapsulant element. A lighting device element, comprising a solid state light emitter and an encapsulant holding element configured to releasably hold a removable encapsulant element. A lighting device component, comprising a removable encapsulant element. A method, comprising removing a first removable encapsulant element from a lighting device that comprises at least a first solid state light emitter and inserting a second removable encapsulant element into the lighting device. An encapsulant element comprising a substantially transparent first material and a luminescent material within the first material. 1. A lighting device , comprising:at least a first solid state light emitter; andat least a first removable encapsulant element.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first solid state light emitter comprises a light emitting diode.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first removable encapsulant element comprises at least one luminescent material.4. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lighting device further comprises at least one encapsulant holding element claim 1 , the at least one encapsulant holding element retaining the first removable encapsulant element where at least some light emitted by the first solid state light emitter enters the first removable encapsulant element.5. A lighting device as recited in claim 4 , wherein the at least one encapsulant holding element comprises a first holding element structure and a second holding element structure claim 4 , and the first removable encapsulant element is between the first holding element structure and the second holding element structure.6. A lighting device as recited in claim 5 , wherein at least a portion of the first holding element structure is substantially transparent.7. A lighting device as recited in claim 5 , wherein the first solid state light emitter is mounted on ...

OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH INTERNAL OPTICAL FEATURES AND METHODS OF FABRICATING SAME

An optical element, comprising a substrate and at least one optical film. The substrate is at least partially light-transmissive. The optical film comprises at least a first optical feature and is positioned on a contact surface of the substrate. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and such an optical element. Also, methods for making an optical element by molding (e.g., film insert molding), bonding or laminating. 1. A method of making an optical element , comprising:positioning within a mold at least one optical film, the optical film comprising at least a first optical feature;feeding into the mold at least one flowable substrate material;solidifying the at least one flowable substrate material to form a substrate, the substrate at least partially light-transmissive and comprising a contact surface which is in contact with the optical film.2. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein after said solidifying claim 1 , the optical film is in direct contact with the contact surface of the substrate.3. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the optical film comprises an optical film first surface and an optical film second surface,after said solidifying, the optical film second surface is in contact with the contact surface of the substrate, andthe optical film second surface is substantially smooth.4. A method as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the optical film comprises an optical film first surface and an optical film second surface,after said solidifying, the optical film second surface is in contact with the contact surface of the substrate,the optical film comprises at least a first layer and a second layer,a first layer first surface of the first layer comprises the optical film first surface,the first layer further comprises a first layer second surface,the first optical feature is on the first layer second surface,a second layer second surface of the second layer comprises the optical film second surface,the second layer ...

Lighting device with spatially segregated primary and secondary emitters

A lighting device includes at least one first electrically activated emitter, at least one lumiphor support element comprising a lumiphoric material spatially segregated from the first electrically activated emitter and arranged to receive at least a portion of emissions from the first electrically activated emitter, and at least one second electrically activated emitter disposed on or adjacent to the at least one lumiphor support element. First and second electrically activated emitters having different peak wavelengths may be in conductive with first and second device-scale heat sinks, respectively.

LIGHTING DEVICE WITH MULTIPLE EMITTERS AND REMOTE LUMIPHOR

A lighting device including a plurality of electrically activated emitters having different peak wavelengths, at least one remote lumiphor arranged to receive at least some emissions from one of the emitters, and a primary electrically activated emitter spatially segregated and/or thermally insulated from a secondary electrically activated emitter. A lighting device including a plurality of electrically activated emitters spatially segregated from one another having different peak wavelengths, at least one lumiphor spatially segregated from one of the emitters, and a control device independently connected to each emitter or group of emitters. A method of producing a lighting device including a plurality of independently controllable electrically activated emitters. 1. A lighting device comprising:a plurality of electrically activated emitters including at least one first electrically activated emitter having a first peak wavelength, at least one second electrically activated emitter having a second peak wavelength, and at least one third electrically activated emitter having a third peak wavelength, wherein each of said first, second, and third peak wavelength differs from one another;a first lumiphor spatially segregated from and arranged to receive emissions from the at least one first electrically activated emitter;a first emitter support element arranged to support the at least one first electrically activated emitter; anda second emitter support element arranged to support the at least one second electrically activated emitter, wherein the second emitter support element is spatially segregated from, and/or is in insubstantial thermally conductive communication with, the first emitter support element;at least one of (i) a common reflector and (ii) a common diffuser, arranged to receive at least some emissions from each emitter of the plurality of electrically activated emitters.2. The lighting device of claim 1 , comprising a common reflector arranged to receive ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of 430 to 480 nm, and first and second groups of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of 555 to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device emitted by the first group of lumiphors would have a correlated color temperature which differs by at least 50 K from a correlated color temperature which would be emitted by a combination of (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of emitters, and (4) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of lumiphors. 1. A lighting device comprising:a first group of solid state light emitters;a second group of solid state light emitters; andat least first and second portions of luminescent material; if the first group of solid state light emitters is illuminated, a portion of light emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters would excite the first portion of luminescent material, and a mixture of light exiting the lighting device that was emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters and light exiting the lighting device that was emitted from the first portion of luminescent material would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group mixed illumination corresponding to a first point on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, the first point having a first correlated color temperature;', 'if the second group of solid state light emitters is illuminated, a portion of light emitted from the second group of solid state light emitters would excite the second portion of luminescent material, and a mixture of light exiting the lighting device that was emitted from the second group of solid state light emitters and light ...

LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS FOR LIGHTING

A lighting device comprises groups of solid state light emitters, a sensor and circuitry. If the emitters are illuminated, the sensor is exposed to combined light from the groups, and senses only a portion of the combined light. The circuitry adjusts current applied to at least one of the emitters based on an intensity of the light sensed. Also, a device comprising emitters, a circuit board and a sensor, at least one of the emitters being positioned on the first circuit board and the sensor being spaced from the circuit board. Also, a lighting device comprising emitters, a sensor, and circuitry which adjusts current applied an emitters based on detection by the first sensor, the circuitry comprising a differential amplifier circuit. Also, a lighting device, comprising light emitters and circuitry which adjusts current applied to only some of the emitters based on ambient temperature. Also. methods of lighting. 1. A device , comprising:circuitry configured to adjust a current and/or a voltage of electricity signal supplied to at least a first solid state light emitter of a second group of solid state emitters based on a. signal representing an intensity of a portion of combined light comprising at least a portion of light emitted by a first group of solid state light emitters and at least a portion of light emitted by a second group of solid state light emitters.2. A device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to adjust current and/or a voltage of electricity signal supplied to at least a first solid state light emitter of a second group of solid state emitters based on a signal representing an intensity of only light emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters.3. A device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the device further comprises at least first and second groups of solid state light emitters, said first group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter, said second group of solid state light ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING LIGHT OUTPUT COLOR AND/OR BRIGHTNESS

A lighting device, comprising first and second light emitters that emit light having first and second color points, respectively, and first and second sensors that detect brightness of light within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the first and second color points, respectively. A method comprising supplying energy to first and second light, emitters that emit light having first and second color points, respectively, and detecting brightness of light within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the first and second color points, respectively. 1. A lighting device , comprising:at least a first light emitter that emits light having a first color point;at least a second light emitter that emits light having a second color point, the second color point different from the first color point;at least a first sensor that detects brightness of at least light that is within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the first color point; andat least a second sensor that detects brightness of at least light that is within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the second color point.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the lighting device comprises at least a first string and a second string;a first plurality of light emitters are on the first string, so that when current is supplied to the first string, energy is supplied to the first plurality of light emitters;a second plurality of light emitters are on the second string, so that when current is supplied to the second string, energy is supplied to the second plurality of light emitters;a first ratio is equal to (1) the number of light emitters in the first plurality of light emitters that emit light having a color point that is within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the first color point divided by (2) the number of light emitters in the first plurality of light emitters that emit light having a color point that is within 0.01 delta u′, v′ of the second color point,a second ratio is equal to (1) the number of light emitters in the second plurality of light emitters that emit light ...

HOT LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) LIGHTING SYSTEMS

LED lighting systems operate their LED above a junction temperature of 85° C. and space apart from the LED, components of the LED lighting system that reduce an expected lifetime of the LED lighting system to less than 25,000 hours as a result of operating the LED above the junction temperature of 85° C. Accordingly, the LED itself may be driven hotter than is conventionally the case, without impacting its lifetime. By allowing the LED to operate hotter, reduced heat sinking may be needed for the LED itself, which can decrease the cost, size and/or complexity of the thermal management system for the LED lighting system and/or can allow a thermal budget for the LED lighting system to be used elsewhere. Related structures are also described. 1. A Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting system comprising:an unpackaged LED die that is devoid of encapsulant directly thereon;a power supply that is electrically connected to the unpackaged LED die and that is configured to bias the unpackaged LED die so as to allow a junction temperature of the unpackaged LED die above 85° C.; anda wavelength conversion material that is spaced apart from the unpackaged LED die and that is configured to downconvert at least some of the light that is emitted by the unpackaged LED die.2. An LED lighting system according to wherein the power supply is spaced apart from the unpackaged LED die.3. An LED lighting system according to further comprising a transparent bulb and a screw-type base at the base of the bulb claim 2 , wherein the unpackaged LED die is located within the bulb claim 2 , the power supply is located within the base and the wavelength conversion material is on the transparent bulb.4. An LED lighting system according to wherein the bulb includes a heat sink thermally coupled to the power supply.5. An LED lighting system according to wherein the junction temperature that is above 85° C. is above 125° C.6. An LED lighting system according to wherein the junction temperature that is ...

REMOTE PHOSPHOR LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES, COMPONENTS AND FABRICATION

A substrate including phosphor is remotely illuminated by an LED. Optical radiation that emerges through the substrate is measured. Portions of the substrate, such as raised features on the substrate, are then selectively removed responsive to the measuring, so as to obtain a desired optical radiation. In removing portions of the substrate, holes may be drilled through the substrate to provide a separate path for light from the LED that does not pass through the phosphor. Alternatively, a separate LED may be provided outside the dome. 1. A method of fabricating a light emitting apparatus comprising:providing a substrate having luminophoric material therein and/or thereon;remotely illuminating the substrate using a light emitting device that is spaced apart from the substrate;measuring optical radiation that emerges through the substrate when it is remotely illuminated by the light emitting device that is spaced apart from the substrate; andselectively removing portions of the substrate responsive to the measuring so as to obtain a desired optical radiation that emerges through the substrate when it is remotely illuminated by a light emitting device that is spaced apart from the substrate.2. A method according to wherein the substrate includes raised features thereon and wherein selectively removing comprises selectively removing at least some of the raised features responsive to the measuring so as to obtain a desired optical radiation that emerges through the substrate when it is remotely illuminated by a light emitting device that is spaced apart from the substrate.3. A method according to wherein the substrate comprises inner and outer surfaces and wherein the raised features comprise bumps and/or lines on the outer surface.4. A method according to wherein the raised features comprise transparent raised features.5. A method according to wherein the luminophoric material is on the raised features and wherein selectively removing comprises selectively removing at ...

Solid State Lighting Apparatus and Methods Using Integrated Driver Circuitry

A lighting apparatus includes a first substrate including a switching circuit, the switching circuit including a first port, a second port and a current control circuit configured to generate a current at the second port of the current control circuit responsive to a varying voltage at the first port. The apparatus further includes a second substrate mounted on the first substrate and including at least two LEDs electrically coupled to the second port of the current control circuit of the first substrate. 1. A lighting apparatus comprising:a first substrate comprising a switching circuit, the switching circuit comprising a first port, a second port and a current control circuit configured to generate a current at the second port of the current control circuit responsive to a varying voltage at the first port; anda second substrate mounted on the first substrate and comprising at least two LEDs electrically coupled to the second port of the current control circuit of the first substrate.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least two LEDs comprises first and second end nodes coupled to the second port and wherein the switching circuit comprises respective terminals coupled to respective intermediate nodes of the at least two LEDs.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the switching circuit is configured to selectively bypass at least one LED.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the switching circuit is configured to vary a number of conducting LEDs responsive to the varying voltage.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the switching circuit is configured to increase the number of conducting LEDs responsive to an increasing magnitude of the varying voltage.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , further comprising a rectifier circuit coupled to the first port and wherein the switching circuit comprises:a buffer circuit coupled to an output of the rectifier circuit;a resistor ladder circuit coupled to an output of the buffer circuit; anda plurality of switches, respective ...

HIGH EFFICIENCY LED LAMP

A high-efficiency LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention provide a high-efficiency, high output solid-state lamp. The lamp includes an LED assembly, an optical element disposed to receive light from the LED assembly, and an optical overlay. The optical element includes a primary exit surface, wherein the primary exit surface is at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly. In example embodiments, the optical element is roughly cylindrical in shape, but can take other shapes and be made from various materials. An LED lamp according to some embodiments of the invention has an efficiency of at least about 160 lumens per watt. In some embodiments, the lamp has a light output of at least 1200 lumens. In some embodiments, the LED lamp produces light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 and a warm white color. 1. An LED lamp operable from line voltage to emit light with an efficiency of at least 160 lumens per watt and a total light output of at least 1200 lumens.2. The LED lamp of wherein the efficiency is at least 165 lumens per watt.3. The LED lamp of wherein the efficiency is at least about 170 lumens per watt.4. The LED lamp of wherein the efficiency is between about 165 and about 180 lumens per watt and the total light output is between about 1200 and about 1400 lumens.5. The LED lamp of wherein the efficiency is between about 165 and about 175 lumens per watt.6. The LED lamp of further operable to emit light with a correlated color temperature of from 2500 to 3500 K.7. The LED lamp of further operable to emit light with a correlated color temperature of from 2900 to 3300 K.8. The LED lamp of wherein the light has a color rendering index of at least 90.9. The LED lamp of further comprising:an optical element disposed to receive light from an LED assembly, the optical element including a primary exit surface, at least a portion of the primary exit surface spaced at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly; andan optical overlay ...

LIGHTING DEVICE

A lighting device comprising a solid state light emitter and a light mixing element, in which at least ten of light emitted by the emitter that enters the mixing element is reflected within the mixing element, and the mixing element is not larger than 16 mm. Also, a lighting device comprising an emitter and a mixing element comprising first and second regions. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter and a mixing element, in which a light exit region of the mixing element has a surface area between about 50% to about 300% of a surface area of a light entrance region of the mixing element. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter, a mixing element and a light output shaping element which defines an exit aperture having a dimension that is at least three times a largest dimension of the first light mixing element. 1. A lighting device , comprising:at least a first solid state light emitter; andat least a first light mixing element,at least some light emitted by the first solid state light emitter entering the first light mixing element and then exiting the first light mixing element,at least 10 percent of light emitted by the first solid state light emitter that enters the first light mixing element is reflected at least once within the first light mixing element, anda largest dimension of the first light mixing element is not larger than 16 mm.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:at least 80 percent of a total amount of light emitted by the first solid state light emitter enters an entrance region of the first light mixing element,at least 70 percent of a total amount of light emitted by the first solid state light emitter that enters the first light mixing element exits from an exit region of the first light mixing element,the exit region of the first light mixing element has a surface area between about 50% to about 300% of the surface area of the entrance region.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the lighting ...

LIGHTING DEVICE

A lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface of the luminescent element being at least twice as large as the illumination surface of the light emitter. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface of the luminescent element surface being at least twice as large as and substantially parallel to the illumination surface of the light emitter. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface area of a projection of the luminescent element being at least twice as large as a surface area of a projection of the light emitter. 1. A lighting device comprising:at least one solid state light emitter; andat least one luminescent element,the luminescent element comprising particles of at least a first luminescent material,the luminescent element spaced from the solid state light emitter,a content of luminescent material in the luminescent element not greater than about 15% by volume,the particles of the first luminescent material having an average particle size of not greater than 50 microns, anda thickness of the luminescent element not greater than 1 cm.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the solid state light emitter has an illumination surface,the luminescent element has a luminescent element surface,the luminescent element surface is at least twice as large as the illumination surface.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the solid state light emitter has an illumination surface,the luminescent element is spaced from the solid state light emitter by a distance which is at least equal to a largest dimension of the illumination surface.4. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the solid state light emitter is a light emitting ...

Lighting device providing improved color rendering

The present disclosure relates to lighting device configurations that render colors well and provide high quality white light.

LAMP WITH LED ARRAY

A lamp with an LED array is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured in a filament-like way using a supporting power structure, near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In example embodiments, the LEDs are cooled by a fluid medium to enable the LEDs to maintain appropriate mechanical stability and operating temperature. In some embodiments, the lamp operates at a power of at least 5 watts. Since the LED array can be centralized to form a filament-like structure, the light pattern from the lamp is not adversely affected by the presence of a heat sink or mechanical supporting parts. In some embodiments, phosphor is used provide wavelength conversion. The phosphor can be suspended within the optically transmissive fluid medium, placed remotely in the lamp structure, or applied to un-encapsulated LED die. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an array of LEDs disposed in the enclosure on a supporting power structure to be operable to emit light when the supporting power structure is energized; anda fluid medium contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the array of LEDs.2. The lamp of wherein the fluid medium comprises at least one of oil and fluorinated or halogenated liquid or gel.3. The lamp of wherein the fluid medium provides optical coupling to at least one of the array of LEDs and the optically transmissive enclosure.4. The lamp of further comprising phosphor disposed within or on the optically transmissive enclosure.5. The lamp of wherein the phosphor is suspended within the fluid medium.6. The lamp of wherein the supporting power structure further comprises a wire frame assembly.7. The lamp of wherein the lamp takes one of a PAR and an A form factor.8. The lamp of further comprising at least one inner envelope wherein at least a portion of the fluid medium is confined to the at least one inner envelope.9. The lamp of wherein the at least one inner envelope further ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising sources of visible light comprising solid state light emitters and/or luminescent materials emitting three or four different hues. A first group of the sources, when illuminated, emit light of two hues which, if combined, would produce illumination having coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates: 0.59, 0.24; 0.40, 0.50; 0.24, 0.53; 0.17, 0.25; and 0.30, 0.12. A second group of the sources is of an additional hue. Mixing light from the first and second groups produces illumination within ten MacAdam ellipses of the blackbody locus. Also, a lighting device comprising a white light source having a CRI of 75 or less and at least one solid state light emitters and/or luminescent material. Also, methods of lighting. 1. A lighting device comprising: a plurality of sources of visible light , said sources each selected from among solid state light emitters and luminescent materials , each source of visible light , when illuminated , emitting light of a hue , said sources of visible light , when illuminated , emitting in total three different hues , said sources of visible light comprising a first group of sources of visible light and a second group of sources of visible light , said first group of sources of visible light comprising sources of visible light which , when illuminated , emit light of two hues which , if mixed in the absence of any other light , produce a first group mixed illumination which would have x ,y color coordinates which are within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by five points having x ,y coordinates: 0.59 , 0.24; 0.40 , 0.50; 0.24 , 0.53; 0.17 , 0.25; and 0.30 , 0.12 , said second group of sources of visible light comprising at least one source of visible light of a first additional hue , wherein mixing of light from said first group of sources of visible light and light from said second group of sources of visible light produces a first group- ...

LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS FOR LIGHTING

A lighting device comprises groups of solid state light emitters, a sensor and circuitry. If the emitters are illuminated, the sensor is exposed to combined light from the groups, and senses only a portion of the combined light. The circuitry adjusts current applied to at least one of the emitters based on an intensity of the light sensed. Also, a device comprising emitters, a circuit board and a sensor, at least one of the emitters being positioned on the first circuit board and the sensor being spaced from the circuit board. Also, a lighting device comprising emitters, a sensor, and circuitry which adjusts current applied an emitters based on detection by the first sensor, the circuitry comprising a differential amplifier circuit. Also, a lighting device, comprising light emitters and circuitry which adjusts current applied to only some of the emitters based on ambient temperature. Also, methods of lighting. 1. A lighting device , comprising:at least first and second groups of solid state light emitters, said first group of solid state light emitters including at least one first group solid state light emitter, said second group of solid state light emitters including at least one second group solid state light emitter; andcircuitry configured to adjust a current applied only to said second group of solid state light emitters based on temperature of at least one of said second group of solid state light emitters.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein said second group of solid state light emitters comprises at least one solid state light emitter which emits light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 600 nm to about 630 nm.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein a mixture of light emitted from said first group of solid state light emitters and light emitted from said second group of solid state light emitters has x claim 1 , y coordinates on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which define a point which is within ten ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm and from 600 nm to 630 nm, respectively, and a first group of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.48), (0.43, 0.45), (0.42, 0.42), (0.36, 0.38). Also provided is a method of lighting. 120-. (canceled)21. A lighting device comprising:at least one light source which, when illuminated, emits light which, in an absence of any additional light, has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within a first area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38; anda first group of solid state light emitters, the first group of solid state light emitters comprising at least a first solid state light emitter, each of ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

There is provided a lighting device which emits light with an efficacy of at least 60 lumens per watt. The lighting device comprises at least one solid state light emitter, e.g., one or more light emitting diodes, and optionally further includes one or more lumiphor. In some embodiments, the output light is of a brightness of at least 300 lumens. In some embodiments, the output light has a CRI Ra of at least 90. Also, a method of lighting, comprising supplying electricity to a lighting device which emits light with an efficacy of at least 60 lumens per watt. 1. A lighting device comprising:a first string of solid state light emitters in series, the first string comprising at least two solid state light emitters,a second string of solid state light emitters in series, the second string comprising at least two solid state light emitters,a third string of solid state light emitters in series, the third string comprising at least two solid state light emitters,the lighting device, when supplied with electricity of a first wattage, emitting output light with a wall plug efficiency of at least 60 lumens per watt of the electricity.2. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first claim 1 , second and third strings are configured to be simultaneously driven.3. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the solid state light emitters in the first, second and third strings comprise at least a first solid state light emitter that emits red light and at least a second solid state light emitter,the second solid state light emitter emits greenish-yellowish light, andthe second solid state light emitter comprises a light emitting diode that emits blue light and at least a first luminescent material.4. A lighting device as recited in claim 1 , wherein:at least one of the solid state light emitters in the first, second and third strings comprises at least one luminescent material in a binder, andthe at least one luminescent material comprises about 10 to about ...

GAS COOLED LED LAMP

A gas cooled LED lamp and submount is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In some embodiments, the LEDs can be mounted on or fixed to a light transmissive submount. In some embodiments, LEDs can be disposed on both sides of a two-sided submount, or on thee or more sides if the submount structure includes three or more mounting surfaces. In example embodiments, the LEDs can be cooled and/or cushioned by a gas in thermal communication with the LED array to enable the LEDs to maintain an appropriate operating temperature for efficient operation and long life. In some embodiments, the gas is at a pressure of from about 0.5 to about 10 atmospheres and has a thermal conductivity of at least about 60 mW/m-K. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an LED array disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection; anda gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array.2. The lamp of wherein the gas has a thermal conductivity of at least 60 mW/m-K.3. The lamp of wherein the gas has a thermal conductivity of at least 150 mW/m-K.4. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises helium.5. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises hydrogen.6. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises at least one of a chlorofluorocarbon claim 2 , a hydrochlorofluorocarbon claim 2 , difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane.7. The lamp of wherein the electrical connection comprises a thermally resistive electrical path.8. The lamp of further comprising a power supply disposed between the electrical connection and the LED array.9. The lamp of wherein the electrical connection comprises a thermally resistive electrical path.10. The lamp of further comprising:an optical envelope inside the optically transmissive enclosure, wherein at least a portion of the gas is disposed within the optical envelope; ...

LED LAMP

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;a base;a tower extending from the base into the enclosure and supporting an LED assembly in the optically transmissive enclosure, the LED assembly comprising a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base, the tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament.2. The lamp of wherein the tower comprises a portion of a heat sink for dissipating heat from the LED assembly.3. The lamp of wherein a second portion of the heat sink extends to an exterior of the enclosure.4. The lamp of wherein the LED assembly comprises a submount on which the plurality of LEDs are mounted.5. The lamp of wherein the submount comprises at least one of a PCB claim 4 , metal core board claim 4 , lead frame and metal core printed circuit board.6. The lamp of wherein the submount has a three-dimensional shape where a portion of the heat sink is inside of the submount and the plurality of LEDs are ...

GAS COOLED LED LAMP

A gas cooled LED lamp and submount is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In example embodiments, the LEDs can be cooled and/or cushioned by a gas in thermal communication with the LED array to enable the LEDs to maintain an appropriate operating temperature for efficient operation and long life. In some embodiments, the LED assembly is mounted on a glass stem. In some embodiments a thermal resistant path is created that prevents overtemperature of the LED array during the making of the lamp. In some embodiments the LED assembly comprises a lead frame and/or metal core board that is bent into a three-dimensional shape to create a desired light pattern in the enclosure or an extruded submount formed into a three-dimensional shape. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an LED array disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array; anda glass stem fused to the enclosure supporting the LED array.2. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises helium.3. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises hydrogen.4. The lamp of wherein the electrical connection comprises a thermally resistive electrical path that prevents overtemperature of the LED array.5. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path extends at least partially through the glass stem.6. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path comprises a wire claim 5 , the wire having a dimension such that the dimension prevents overtemperature of the LED array.7. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path comprises a wire having a zigzag shape.8. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path comprises a wire having a helical shape.9. The lamp of wherein the thermally resistive electrical path comprises ...

Gas cooled led lamp

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. The gas may include oxygen.

Led lamp

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base defining a longitudinal axis of the lamp extending from the base to the free end of the enclosure. A heat sink is at least partially located in the enclosure and includes a tower that extends along the longitudinal axis of the lamp. An LED assembly is positioned in the optically transmissive enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a lead frame circuit or a flex circuit where LEDs are attached to the circuits. The lead frame and flex circuit are formed into a three-dimensional shape and are thermally coupled to the tower.

POWER LIGHT EMITTING DIE PACKAGE WITH REFLECTING LENS AND THE METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME

A light emitting die package and a method of manufacturing the die package are disclosed. The die package includes a leadframe, at least one light emitting device (LED), a molded body, and a lens. The leadframe includes a plurality of leads and has a top side and a bottom side. A portion of the leadframe defines a mounting pad. The LED device is mounted on the mounting pad. The molded body is integrated with portions of the leadframe and defines an opening on the top side of the leadframe, the opening surrounding the mounting pad. The molded body further includes latches on the bottom side of the leadframe. The lens is coupled to the molded body. A composite lens is used as both reflector and imaging tool to collect and direct light emitted by LED(s) for desired spectral and luminous performance. 1. A method of manufacturing a light emitting die package , the method comprising:fabricating a leadframe strip, the leadframe strip including a plurality of leads, each lead and the leadframe strip having a top side and a bottom side, portions of a first lead defining a mounting pad;molding a body integrated with portions of the leadframe strip, the molded body defining an opening on the top side of the leadframe strip, the opening surrounding the mounting pad;the molded body including latches suitable for coupling a heatsink on the bottom side of the leadframe strip; andmounting at least one light emitting device on the mounting pad.2. The method recited in wherein the leadframe strip comprises thin metal.3. The method recited in wherein the leadframe strip is stamped from a metal sheet.4. The method recited in wherein the molded body comprises high temperature plastic.5. The method recited in further comprising coupling a heatsink to the leadframe strip by engaging the heatsink with the latches.6. The method recited in further comprising encapsulating the light emitting device with an encapsulant.7. The method recited in further comprising coupling a lens over the ...

LED LAMP

A lamp comprises an enclosure comprising a reflector and a lens where the reflector is made of thermally conductive material. A base is coupled to the enclosure. An LED is located in the enclosure and emits light when energized through an electrical path from the base. A heat sink comprises a heat dissipating portion that may be at least partially exposed to the ambient environment and a heat conducting portion that is thermally coupled to the LED. The reflector is thermally coupled to the heat sink and is exposed to the exterior of the lamp such that heat from the heat sink may be dissipated to the ambient environment at least partially through the reflector. 1. A lamp comprising:an enclosure comprising a reflector and a lens, the reflector made of thermally conductive material;a base;at least one LED located in the enclosure and operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base;a heat sink comprising a heat dissipating portion that is at least partially exposed to the ambient environment and a heat conducting portion that is thermally coupled to the at least one LED, the reflector being thermally coupled to the heat sink and being exposed to the exterior of the lamp such that heat from the heat sink may be dissipated to the ambient environment at least partially through the reflector.2. The lamp of wherein the reflector is made of metal.3. The lamp of wherein the metal is aluminum.4. The lamp of wherein the reflector comprises a reflective surface that generates a directional light pattern.5. The lamp of wherein the reflective surface is parabolic.6. The lamp of wherein the reflective surface is metalized.7. The lamp of wherein the reflector is secured to the heat sink.8. The lamp of wherein the reflector is secured to the heat sink using deformable nubs.9. The lamp of wherein the nubs are inserted through apertures in the reflector and are deformed to create a head that retains the reflector against the heat sink.10. The lamp of ...

LINEAR LED LAMP

A linear LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention can provide an LED-based replacement lamp for a linear or “tube-type” bulb or a bulb with a linear filament or element. By filling the void within the lamp with an optically transmissive fluid to cool the LEDs without the use of a traditional heat sink, the light blocking effects of such a heat sink can be avoided. Thus, the LED replacement lamp can emit light in a substantially omnidirectional pattern. In some embodiments, the optically transmissive fluid medium is a liquid. In some embodiments, the optically transmissive fluid medium is a gel. An index matching medium can be used as the optically transmissive fluid medium. A color mixing treatment can optionally be included to eliminate color tints in cases where multiple LEDs of different colors are used to produce white light. 1. A lamp comprising:a tubular enclosure having an electrical connection; andat least one array of LED devices disposed in the tubular enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through the electrical connection;wherein the light is emitted from the lamp in a substantially omnidirectional pattern when the at least one array of LED devices is energized.2. The lamp of wherein the at least one array of LED devices is twisted.3. The lamp of wherein the at least one array of LED devices is twisted into one of a helix and a double helix.4. The lamp of wherein the LED devices are mounted on a carrier.5. The lamp of further comprising a color mixing treatment.6. The lamp of wherein the color mixing treatment comprises frosting or texturing on the tubular enclosure.7. The lamp of wherein the at least one array of LED devices further comprises red and blue-shifted yellow LED devices so that the light is substantially white light.8. The lamp of wherein the at least one array of LED devices comprises an array of the red LED devices and an array of the blue-shifted yellow LED devices.9. The lamp of wherein the array of red LED ...

Led lamp with high color rendering index

An LED lamp with a high color rendering index (CRI) is disclosed. Example embodiments of the invention provide an LED lamp with a relatively high color rendering index (CRI). In some embodiments, the lamp has other advantageous characteristics, such as good angular uniformity. In some embodiments, the LED lamp is sized and shaped as a replacement for a standard incandescent bulb, and includes an LED assembly with at least first and second LEDs operable to emit light of two different colors. In some embodiments, the lamp can emit light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 without remote wavelength conversion. In some embodiments, the LED lamp conforms some, most, or all of the product requirements for a 60-watt incandescent replacement for the L prize.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF NITRIC OXIDE

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm. 1. A method of modulating nitric oxide in living mammalian tissue , the method comprising:impinging light on the tissue, wherein the light impinged on the tissue comprises incoherent light emissions including a first peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm and a first radiant flux, and wherein the first peak wavelength and the first radiant flux are selected to stimulate at least one of (i) enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide or (ii) release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide;wherein the light impinged on the tissue is substantially devoid of light emissions having a peak wavelength in a range of from 600 nm to 900 nm.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light impinged on the tissue is devoid of emissions of any wavelength conversion material stimulated by the incoherent light emissions including a first peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tissue is devoid of an applied or received photosensitive therapeutic compound or agent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 65% of a fluence of light impinged on the tissue consists of the incoherent light emissions including a first peak wavelength in a range of from 410 to 440 nm.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light impinged on the tissue is substantially devoid of light ...

Phototherapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp

Modulated light therapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp are provided. An exemplary device includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height. The FPCB includes multiple interconnected panels and bending regions defined in and between at least some of the interconnected panels as to allow the FPCB to be configured in a concave shape to cover at least a portion of a cranial vertex of the patient. At least one light-transmissive layer proximate to the FPCB is configured to transmit (e.g., incoherent) light emissions generated by at least one light emitting device. At least one standoff is configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein the at least one standoff includes a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height.

PROTECTIVE DIFFUSIVE COATING FOR LED LAMP

The present disclosure discloses LED lamps and enclosures comprising light transparent polymer coatings comprising light diffusing particles as well as methods for providing improved luminous intensity distribution. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to enclosures comprising light-transparent polymer coatings comprising a light diffusing particles on at least one surfaces of the enclosure of an LED lamp. 1. An LED lamp comprising:an enclosure about one or more LEDs, the enclosure comprising an interior surface separated from an exterior surface by a thickness, the enclosure comprising deposited on the exterior surface a light-transparent coating comprising light-diffusing particles.2. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the light-diffusing particles has an average particle size distribution between 1 micron and 25 micron.3. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the light-transparent coating comprises a polymer matrix having a first index of refraction and the light-diffusing particles having a second index of refraction differing from the first index of refraction by about 0.3 to about 0.01.4. (canceled)5. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the light-diffusing particles is silica claim 1 , ground silica fused silica claim 1 , fumed silica claim 1 , precipitated silica claim 1 , or chemically treated silica.6. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the light-diffusing particles are present between 0.1 to 15 weight percent.7. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the interior surface of the enclosure comprises a diffuse surface.8. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the interior surface of the enclosure comprises a diffuse coating claim 1 , the diffuse coating being the same or different as the light-transmitting coating.9. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the interior surface of the enclosure is etched or sandblasted to a surface roughness capable of diffusing light emitted by the one or more LEDs.10. The LED lamp of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the enclosure is ...

PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC LIGHT FOR TREATMENT OF PATHOGENS

Methods and related devices for impinging light on tissue, for example within a body of a patient, to induce various biological effects are disclosed. Biological effects may include at least one of inactivating and/or inhibiting growth of one or more pathogens, upregulating a local immune response, stimulating enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide, releasing nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide, and inducing an anti-inflammatory effect. Wavelengths of light are selected based on intended biological effects for one or more of targeted tissue types and targeted pathogens. Light treatments may provide multiple pathogenic biological effects, either with light of a single wavelength or with light having multiple wavelengths. Devices and methods for light treatments are disclosed that provide light doses for inducing biological effects on various targeted pathogens and targeted tissues with increased efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity. 1. A method comprising:providing light comprising a first peak wavelength and a second peak wavelength; andirradiating mammalian tissue with the light;wherein the first peak wavelength differs from the second wavelength by at least 5 nanometers (nm), the first peak wavelength is configured to induce a first biological effect, and the second peak wavelength is configured to induce a second biological effect that is different than the first biological effect.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first biological effect and the second biological effect comprise different ones of inactivating one or more pathogens that are in a cell-free environment claim 1 , inhibiting replication of one or more pathogens that are in a cell-associated environment claim 1 , upregulating a local immune response claim 1 , stimulating enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide claim 1 , releasing nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide claim 1 , and ...

PHOTOTHERAPY DEVICES FOR TREATMENT OF DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF THE SCALP

Modulated light therapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp are provided. An exemplary device includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height. The FPCB includes multiple interconnected panels and bending regions defined in and between at least some of the interconnected panels as to allow the FPCB to be configured in a concave shape to cover at least a portion of a cranial vertex of the patient. At least one light-transmissive layer proximate to the FPCB is configured to transmit (e.g., incoherent) light emissions generated by at least one light emitting device. At least one standoff is configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein the at least one standoff includes a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height. 1. A phototherapy device for delivering light emissions to a scalp of a patient , the phototherapy device comprising:a flexible substrate comprising a proximal surface and a distal surface that is opposite the proximal surface, the proximal surface supporting an array of light emitting devices configured to generate light having a peak wavelength in a range from 600 nanometers (nm) to 700 nm;driver circuitry arranged on the distal surface; anda proximity sensor on the flexible substrate and configured to trigger the driver circuitry to at least one of initiate, terminate, or modify operation of the array of light emitting devices.2. The phototherapy device of claim 1 , wherein the array of light emitting devices is arranged to generate light having a first peak wavelength in a range from 615 nm to 635 nm.3. The phototherapy device of claim 1 , wherein the proximity sensor is arranged to sense a condition indicative of placement of the phototherapy device proximate to the scalp of the patient and generate an output signal to trigger the driver circuitry to at least one of initiate claim 1 , terminate claim 1 , or modify ...

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm, and first and second groups of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would have a correlated color temperature which differs by at least 50 K from a correlated color temperature which would be emitted by a combination of (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of emitters, and (4) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of lumiphors. 1. A lighting device comprising:a first group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter;a second group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter;at least first and second portions of luminescent material; andat least a first power line and a second power line, if the first group of solid state light emitters is illuminated, a portion of light emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters would excite the first portion of luminescent material, and a mixture of light exiting the lighting device that was emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters and light exiting the lighting device that was emitted from the first portion of luminescent material would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group mixed illumination corresponding to a first point on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram;', 'if the second group of solid state light emitters is illuminated, a portion of light emitted from the second group of solid state light emitters would excite the second portion of luminescent material, and a ...

GAS COOLED LED LAMP

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. The gas may include oxygen. 1. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an LED array disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array; anda heat sink structure thermally coupled to the LED array for transmitting heat from the LED array to the gas, wherein the heat sink structure is at a distance from the enclosure of less than 8 mm.2. The lamp of where the LED array is disposed at one end of an LED assembly and the heat sink structure extends at least substantially to one side of the LED array.3. The lamp of wherein the heat sink structure comprises fins.4. The lamp of wherein the LED array is disposed toward a top of the LED assembly and the heat sink structure extends toward a bottom of the LED assembly.5. The lamp of wherein the LED array is disposed on an LED assembly and the LED assembly is supported on a glass stem where the heat sink structure at least partially surrounds the glass stem.6. The lamp of wherein the LED array is positioned such that it is disposed substantially in the center of the enclosure and the heat sink structure is offset to one side of the enclosure.7. The lamp of wherein the heat sink structure contacts the enclosure.8. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises helium.9. The lamp of wherein the gas comprises hydrogen.10. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;an LED array disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure to be operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection;a gas contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array; anda ...

SOLID STATE LIGHTING APPARATUS AND METHODS USING INTEGRATED DRIVER CIRCUITRY

A lighting apparatus includes a first substrate including a switching circuit, the switching circuit including a first port, a second port and a current control circuit configured to generate a current at the second port of the current control circuit responsive to a varying voltage at the first port. The apparatus further includes a second substrate mounted on the first substrate and including at least two LEDs electrically coupled to the second port of the current control circuit of the first substrate. 1. (canceled)2. A lighting apparatus comprising:a first substrate comprising a switching circuit; anda second substrate mechanically attached to the first substrate and comprising at least two light emitting diodes (LEDs) interfaced with the switching circuit.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the at least two LEDs have first and second nodes coupled to a power source and at least one third node coupled to the at least one terminal of the switching circuit.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the switching circuit is configured to selectively bypass at least one LED of the at least two LEDs responsive to a varying voltage produced by the power source.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the varying voltage comprises an AC voltage.6. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the at least two LEDs comprises a string of serially-connected LEDs claim 3 , wherein the first and second nodes comprise respective first and second terminal nodes of the string and wherein the at least one third node comprises an intermediate node of the string.7. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first substrate further comprises a first port coupled to the power source and a second port coupled to the first port and to the first and second nodes of the at least two LEDs.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the first substrate further comprises a current control circuit coupled to the first and second ports.9. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first and second substrates are planar ...

LED LAMP AND HYBRID REFLECTOR

A lamp comprises an enclosure having a reflective surface and an exit surface through which light is emitted from the enclosure and a base. A plurality of LEDs are located in the enclosure and are operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The reflective surface comprises a first reflective layer applied to the enclosure and a second reflective layer over the first reflective layer. The first reflective layer is a metalized surface. The second layer comprises a transparent carrier such as silicone mixed with a reflective media such as TiO, Barium Sulfate and/or ZnO or silver. 1. A lamp comprising:an enclosure having a reflective surface and an exit surface through which light is emitted from the enclosure;at least one LED located in the enclosure and operable to emit light when energized;wherein the reflective surface comprises a first layer and a second reflective layer covering the first layer.2. The lamp of wherein the first layer comprises a reflective surface.3. The lamp of wherein the first layer comprises a metalized surface.4. The lamp of wherein the metalized surface comprises aluminum.5. The lamp of wherein the second reflective layer comprises a transparent carrier mixed with a reflective media.6. The lamp of wherein the second reflective layer comprises a dielectric material.7. The lamp of wherein the second reflective layer comprises a diffuse reflector.8. The lamp of further comprising a base through which an electrical path is formed to energize the at least one LED.9. The lamp of wherein the enclosure is made of an optically transmissive material and a portion of the enclosure that is closer to the base is covered by the first layer.10. The lamp of wherein the second reflective layer covers the first layer and extends beyond the first layer onto the optically transmissive material.11. The lamp of wherein the second reflective layer is coincident with the first layer.12. The lamp of wherein the reflective media has ...

LED LAMP AND HEAT SINK

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. At least one LED is located in the enclosure and are operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. A heat sink comprises a heat dissipating portion having a first part that is located inside of the enclosure and that is thermally coupled to the LED and a second part that is exposed to the ambient environment. The second part comprises a plurality of stems connected to the first part where each stem supports a first overhang that extends over a portion of the enclosure and a second overhang that extends over a portion of the base. 1. A lamp comprising:an enclosure;a base;at least one LED located in the enclosure and operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base;a heat sink comprising a heat dissipating portion that is at least partially exposed to the ambient environment and comprises a plurality of fins, the plurality of fins extending to the exterior of the lamp and each of the plurality of fins comprises an overhang that extends over at least one of the base and the enclosure.2. The lamp of wherein the lamp is one of an omnidirectional lamp and a directional lamp.3. The lamp of wherein the heat sink comprises a heat conducting portion that is located in the enclosure and that is thermally coupled to the heat dissipating portion.4. The lamp of wherein the plurality of fins comprise a first overhang that extends over the enclosure and a second overhang that extends over the base.5. The lamp of wherein the plurality of fins extend generally radially from a body of the heat sink.6. The lamp of wherein the overhang extends along the longitudinal axis of the lamp.7. The lamp of wherein each of the plurality of fins comprise a stem that extends from a body of the heat dissipating portion and supports the overhang.8. The lamp of wherein the stem extends between the enclosure and the base.9. The lamp of wherein the overhang extends approximately 5 ...

Illumination devices, and methods of fabricating same

A light emitter, comprising a monolithic n-type layer (comprising at least first and second n-type regions), a monolithic p-type layer (comprising at least first and second p-type regions), at least a first isolation region and at least a first electrically conductive via that extends through at least part of the first isolation region. At least part of the first isolation region is between the first n-type region and the second n-type region, and/or least part of the first isolation region is between the first p-type region and the second p-type region.

LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD

A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having peak wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm, and first and second groups of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. In some embodiments, if current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would have a correlated color temperature which differs by at least 50 K from a correlated color temperature which would be emitted by a combination of (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of emitters, and (4) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of lumiphors. 1. A lighting device comprising:a first group of solid state light emitters;a first group of lumiphors;a second group of solid state light emitters;a second group of lumiphors; anda third group of solid state light emitters; each of said first group of solid state light emitters and each of said second group of solid state light emitters, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 430 nm to 480 nm;', 'each of said first group of lumiphors and each of said second group of lumiphors, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm; and', 'if each of said first group of solid state light emitters is illuminated and each of said first group of lumiphors is excited, a mixture of light emitted from said first group of solid state light emitters and said first group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group mixed illumination corresponding to a first point on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, said first point having a first correlated color temperature;', 'if each of said second ...

LED LAMP AND HEAT SINK

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. At least one LED is located in the enclosure and are operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. A heat sink comprises a heat dissipating portion having a first part that is located inside of the enclosure and that is thermally coupled to the LED and a second part that is exposed to the ambient environment. The second part comprises a plurality of stems connected to the first part where each stem supports a first overhang that extends over a portion of the enclosure and a second overhang that extends over a portion of the base. 122-. (canceled)23. A lamp comprising:an enclosure;a base comprising an electrically conductive connector and an electrically non-conductive housing portion;at least one LED located in the enclosure and operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base;a heat sink connected to the housing portion comprising a heat dissipating portion that is at least partially exposed to the ambient environment and comprises a plurality of fins, the plurality of fins on the exterior of the lamp and each of the plurality of fins extending over at least one of the housing portion and the enclosure.2422. The lamp of claim wherein the lamp is one of an omnidirectional lamp and a directional lamp.2522. The lamp of claim wherein the heat sink comprises a heat conducting portion that is located in the enclosure and that is thermally coupled to the heat dissipating portion.2622. The lamp of claim wherein the plurality of fins comprise a first portion that extends over the enclosure and a second portion that extends over the base.2722. The lamp of claim wherein the plurality of fins extend generally radially from a body of the heat sink.2822. The lamp of claim wherein the plurality of fins extend along the longitudinal axis of the lamp.2922. The lamp of claim wherein each of the plurality of fins comprise a stem that extends from a body of the ...

ILLUMINATION DEVICES USING EXTERNALLY INTERCONNECTED ARRAYS OF LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES, AND METHODS OF FABRICATING SAME

A light emitter, comprising light emitting devices mechanically interconnected by a common substrate and an interconnection submount. The light emitting devices are electrically interconnected by the submount to provide an array of serially connected subsets of light emitting devices, each subset comprising at least three light emitting devices electrically connected in parallel. Also, a light emitter comprising first light emitting devices mechanically interconnected by a first common substrate, and second light emitting devices mechanically interconnected by a second common substrate, the first light emitting devices being mechanically and electrically connected to the second light emitting devices. Also, a light emitter comprising mechanically interconnected light emitting devices and means for mechanically and electrically interconnecting the plurality of light emitting devices to provide an array of serially connected subsets of light emitting devices, each subset comprising at least three light emitting devices electrically connected in parallel. Also, methods of fabricating light emitters. 1. A multiple light emitting diode (LED) chip , comprising:a substrate;at least a first n-type layer comprising at least a first n-type region and a second n-type region;at least a first active layer comprising at least a first active region and a second active regionat least a first p-type layer comprising at least a first p-type region and a second p-type region, wherein the first n-type region, the first active region, and the first p-type region together comprise a first light emitting device on the substrate, and the second n-type region, the second active region, and the second p-type region together comprise a second light emitting device on the substrate; andat least one isolation region configured to electrically isolate the first light emitting device from the second light emitting device, wherein the at least one isolation region is arranged to extend at least ...

LIGHTING DEVICE, HEAT TRANSFER STRUCTURE AND HEAT TRANSFER ELEMENT

A heat pipe configured to transfer heat from a central portion of a lighting device to an edge portion of the lighting device, the heat pipe comprising one region which extends along a portion of a diameter of a substantially circular, substantially annular shape and another region that extends along a diameter of the shape. Also, a lighting device comprising a housing, a reflector, a light emitter and a heat pipe as described above. Also, a self ballasted lamp comprising a solid state light source, an electrical connector, an AC power supply, a reflector configured to receive light from the source and emit reflected light from an aperture, and a thermal management system. Also, a lighting device, comprising a housing, a reflector, a light emitter comprising an array of solid state light emitters, a heat pipe and a sensor. 1. A solid state self-ballasted lamp for operation on alternating current (AC) line voltage , the self-ballasted lamp comprising:a solid state light source wherein the light emitted by the solid state light source has a Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) of 4000K or less and a Color Rendering Index (CRI) Ra of at least 90;an electrical connector for connecting to a light socket;an AC power supply electrically coupled to the electrical connector and configured to receive the AC line voltage and provide current to the solid state light source;a reflector configured to receive light from the solid state light source and emit reflected light from an aperture of about 4 inches or less, the reflected light having a beam angle of 30 degrees or less; anda thermal management system configured to extract heat from the solid state light source and transfer the extracted heat to a surrounding environment and maintain a junction temperature of the solid state light source at or below a 25,000 hour rated lifetime junction temperature for the solid state light source in a 25° C. surrounding environment,wherein the self-ballasted lamp has a wall plug efficiency ...

SOLID STATE LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Lighting devices comprising first, second and third strings of solid state lighting devices. One aspect further comprises means for supplying first fixed current through the first string, means for supplying second fixed current through the second string, and means for supplying current through the third string. In a second aspect, the first and second strings emit light within a specific area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, and the third string emits light of dominant wavelength 600-640 nm. A third aspect further comprises a power line and a power supply configured to supply a first and second fixed currents through the first and second strings, respectively, and supply a current to the third string. A method of making a lighting device, comprising measuring color output, adjusting current to first, second and/or third strings, and permanently setting currents to the first and second strings. 1. A method of making a lighting device , said method comprising:measuring a first color output of a lighting device while supplying a first string initial current to a first string of solid state lighting devices, a second string initial current to a second string of solid state lighting devices and a third string initial current to a third string of solid state lighting devices,said lighting device comprising at least said first string of solid state lighting devices, said second string of solid state lighting devices, said third string of solid state lighting devices and a power line,adjusting the current supplied to at least one of said first string of solid state lighting devices, said second string of solid state lighting devices and said third string of solid state lighting devices such that a first string final current is supplied to said first string of solid state lighting devices, a second string final current is supplied to said second string of solid state lighting devices and a third string final current is supplied to said third string of solid state ...

LED LAMP

A lamp comprises an interior space and a base. An enclosure may be connected to the base to enclose the interior space. At least one LED board divides the interior space into a plurality of sectors. A LED is located in each sector in the enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. Light from the LED is reflected by a wall of the sector to create a reflected light source. 1. A lamp comprising:an at least partially optically transmissive enclosure defining an interior space;a base connected to the enclosure;at least one board dividing the interior space into at least two sectors;at least one LED located in each of the at least two sectors in the enclosure and operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base.2. The lamp of wherein each of the at least two sectors is defined at least by a LED board.3. The lamp of wherein each of the at least two sectors is defined at least by a LED board and a portion of the enclosure.4. The lamp of wherein each of the at least two sectors is defined at least by a reflector board.5. The lamp of wherein the reflector board comprises a reflective surface for reflecting light from the at least one LED.6. The lamp of wherein light emitted from the at least one LED located in each of the at least two sectors is emitted from the portion of the enclosure.7. The lamp of wherein the LED board is thermally dissipative.8. The lamp of wherein the LED board is electrically conductive.9. The lamp of wherein the LED board comprises a PCB FR4 board.10. The lamp of wherein the LED board comprises a metal core printed circuit board.11. The lamp of wherein the LED board forms a part of the electrical path.12. The lamp of wherein the LED board dissipates heat from the at least one LED without a heat sink.13. The lamp of wherein the LED board comprises a large area of thermally conductive material.14. The lamp of wherein LED board comprises an electrical circuit mounted on a ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PHOTOTHERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF NITRIC OXIDE

Systems and methods for phototherapeutic modulation of nitric oxide in mammalian tissue include use of a first wavelength and first radiant flux of light to stimulate enzymatic generation of nitric oxide, and use of a second wavelength and second radiant flux of light to stimulate release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide. Pulsed light and/or partially non-overlapping light impingement windows may be used. Non-coherent light impinged on tissue may include a peak wavelength in a range of from 410 nm to 440 nm in the absence of light emissions having a peak wavelength of from 600 nm to 900 nm. 131-. (canceled)32. A method of modulating nitric oxide in living mammalian tissue , the method comprising:impinging light on the tissue, wherein the light impinged on the tissue comprises light emissions including a first peak wavelength in a range of from 320 nm to 490 nm and a first radiant flux, and wherein the first peak wavelength and the first radiant flux are selected to stimulate at least one of (i) enzymatic generation of nitric oxide to increase endogenous stores of nitric oxide or (ii) release of nitric oxide from endogenous stores of nitric oxide,wherein the light impinged on the tissue is substantially devoid of light emissions having a peak wavelength in a range of from 600 nm to 900 nm.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the first peak wavelength is in a range of from 320 nm to 399 nm.34. The method of claim 32 , wherein the first peak wavelength is in a range of from 400 nm to 490 nm.35. The method of claim 32 , wherein the first peak wavelength is in a range of from 400 nm to 450 nm.36. The method of claim 32 , wherein the first radiant flux is selected such that at least 65% of a fluence of light impinged on the tissue consists of the light emissions including the first peak wavelength in the range of from 320 nm to 490 nm.37. The method of claim 32 , wherein the light emissions including a first peak wavelength in a range of from 320 nm ...

LED LAMP WITH HIGH COLOR RENDERING INDEX

An LED lamp with a high color rendering index (CRI) is disclosed. Example embodiments of the invention provide an LED lamp with a relatively high color rendering index (CRI). In some embodiments, the lamp has other advantageous characteristics, such as good angular uniformity. In some embodiments, the LED lamp is sized and shaped as a replacement for a standard incandescent bulb, and includes an LED assembly with at least first and second LEDs operable to emit light of two different colors. In some embodiments, the lamp can emit light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 without remote wavelength conversion. In some embodiments, the LED lamp conforms some, most, or all of the product requirements for a 60-watt incandescent replacement for the L prize.

LED LAMP

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base. 119.-. (canceled)19. A lamp comprising:an optically transmissive enclosure;a base;an LED assembly disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path;a heat sink thermally coupled to the LED assembly for transmitting heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment;an electrical interconnect for mechanically connecting a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base.20. The lamp of wherein the electrical conductor connects the LED assembly to lamp electronics in the base.21. The lamp of wherein the electrical conductor comprises a first contact that is electrically coupled with the LED assembly and a second contact that is electrically coupled with the lamp electronics.22. The lamp of comprising a first contact coupling between the first contact and the LED assembly and a second contact coupling between the second contact and the lamp electronics.23. The lamp of wherein the electrical interconnect comprises a body that retains the conductor and a second conductor where the conductor connects to one of an anode side or a ...

PHOTOTHERAPY DEVICES FOR TREATMENT OF DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF THE SCALP

Modulated light therapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp are provided. An exemplary device includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height. The FPCB includes multiple interconnected panels and bending regions defined in and between at least some of the interconnected panels as to allow the FPCB to be configured in a concave shape to cover at least a portion of a cranial vertex of the patient. At least one light-transmissive layer proximate to the FPCB is configured to transmit (e.g., incoherent) light emissions generated by at least one light emitting device. At least one standoff is configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein the at least one standoff includes a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height. 1. A phototherapy device for delivering light emissions to a scalp of a patient , the phototherapy device comprising:a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) including a proximal surface supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height above the proximal surface,at least one light-transmissive layer arranged proximate to the FPCB and configured to transmit at least some light emissions generated by the at least one light emitting device; anda plurality of standoffs configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein at least some standoffs of the plurality of standoffs comprise a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height,wherein the FPCB is arranged to accommodate outward expansion and inward contraction, further comprising a flexible cap with a concavity, a distal surface, a proximal surface, and a peripheral edge, wherein the FPCB and light-transmissive layer each comprise a distal surface, a proximal surface, and a peripheral edge,wherein the FPCB is positioned between the flexible cap concavity and the light-transmissive layer such that the distal surface of the ...

Lighting device

Lighting device

Phototherapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp

Modulated light therapy devices for treatment of dermatological disorders of the scalp are provided. An exemplary device includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) supporting at least one light emitting device having an emitter height. The FPCB includes multiple interconnected panels and bending regions defined in and between at least some of the interconnected panels as to allow the FPCB to be configured in a concave shape to cover at least a portion of a cranial vertex of the patient. At least one light-transmissive layer proximate to the FPCB is configured to transmit (e.g., incoherent) light emissions generated by at least one light emitting device. At least one standoff is configured to be arranged between the FPCB and the scalp of the patient, wherein the at least one standoff includes a standoff height that exceeds the emitter height.

Lighting device with defined spectral power distribution

Solid state lighting devices and illumination methods involve use of multiple solid state emitters of different colored outputs (optionally including at least one white or near-white emitter). Operation of the solid state emitters is controlled with at least one circuit element to emphasize and/or deemphasize perception of at least one color of a target surface based upon a reflectance spectral distribution of the target surface. At least one emitter may have an associated passive or active filter; the filterable emitter and/or active filter may be operated to deemphasize perception of at least one color of a target surface. Activation and/or alteration of emphasis or deemphasis of perception of color of a target surface may be selected by a user or automatically controlled.

Lighting device

A lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface of the luminescent element being at least twice as large as the illumination surface of the light emitter. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface of the luminescent element surface being at least twice as large as and substantially parallel to the illumination surface of the light emitter. Also, a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter and at least one luminescent element spaced from the light emitter, a surface area of a projection of the luminescent element being at least twice as large as a surface area of a projection of the light emitter.

Solid state lighting devices including light mixtures

A solid state lighting apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs). Each of the LEDs includes an LED device configured to emit light having about a first dominant wavelength and a phosphor configured to receive at least some of the light emitted by the LED device and responsively emit light having about a second dominant wavelength. A combined light emitted by the LED device and the phosphor of a first one of the plurality of LEDs has a first color point and a combined light emitted by the LED device and the phosphor of a second one of the plurality of LEDs has a second color point that falls outside a seven step Macadam ellipse around the first color point.

Fault tolerant light emitters, systems incorporating fault tolerant light emitters and methods of fabricating fault tolerant light emitters

There is provided a light emitter comprising light emitting devices (for example, light emitting diodes) which are electrically interconnected to provide an array of at least two serially connected subsets of parallel connected light emitting devices, each subset comprising at least three light emitting devices, hi some embodiments, the light emitting devices are from a contiguous region of a wafer. There is also provided a light emitter, comprising light emitting devices, means for mechanically interconnecting the light emitting devices and means for electrically interconnecting the light emitting devices to provide serially connected subsets interconnected in parallel, each subset comprising at least three light emitting devices. Also, methods of fabricating light emitters.

Lighting devices with discrete lumiphor-bearing regions within or on a surface of remote elements

A lighting device includes a semiconductor light emitting device (LED) configured to emit light having a first peak wavelength upon the application of a voltage thereto, an element in adjacent, spaced-apart relationship with the LED, and a pattern of discrete lumiphor-containing regions on a surface of, or within, the element. The lumiphor-containing regions are configured to receive light emitted by the LED and convert at least a portion of the received light to light having a longer wavelength than the first peak wavelength. The remote element may be a lens, a reflective element, or a combination thereof.

Lighting device and method of making same

A lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a reflective cup and a lumiphor positioned between the chip and the cup. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a wire bonded to a first surface of the chip and a lumiphor which faces a second surface of the chip. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, and a lumiphor, a first surface of the chip facing a first region of the lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing a second region of the lumiphor. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip and first and second lumiphors, a first surface of the chip facing the second lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing the first lumiphor. Also, methods of making lighting devices.

Light emitting diode arrays for direct backlighting of liquid crystal displays

A display panel for a flat panel display includes a planar array of LCD devices and a planar array of LED devices that is closely spaced apart from the planar array of LCD devices, at least some of the LED devices being disposed within a periphery of the array of LCD devices such that, in operation, the planar array of LED devices provides backlighting for the planar array of LCD devices. The planar array of LED devices can include at least one solid metal block having first and second opposing metal faces. The first metal face includes therein an array of reflector cavities, and the second metal face includes therein heat sink fins that are exposed at the back face of the flat panel display.

Solid colloidal dispersions for backlighting of liquid crystal displays

A display panel for a flat panel display includes an array of LCD devices and an array of LED devices that are configured to radiate light in a light path that impinges on the array of LCD devices, to provide backlighting on the array of LCD devices. A solid colloidal dispersion of particles of a first material having a first index of refraction dispersed in a second material having a second index of refraction, such as a solid foam structure, is provided in the light path to reduce spatial non-uniformity of the backlighting.

Lighting device and method of making same

A lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a reflective cup and a lumiphor positioned between the chip and the cup. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, a wire bonded to a first surface of the chip and a lumiphor which faces a second surface of the chip. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip, and a lumiphor, a first surface of the chip facing a first region of the lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing a second region of the lumiphor. Also, a lighting device comprising a light emitter chip and first and second lumiphors, a first surface of the chip facing the second lumiphor, a second surface of the chip facing the first lumiphor. Also, methods of making lighting devices.

Solid state lighting apparatus with controllable bypass circuits and methods of operation thereof

A lighting apparatus includes a string with a plurality of serially-connected light emitting device sets, each set comprising at least one light emitting device. The apparatus further includes at least one controllable bypass circuit configured to variably bypass current around at least one light emitting device of a set of the plurality of light emitting device sets responsive to a control input. The control input may include, for example, a temperature input, a string current sense input and/or an adjustment input. The control input may be varied, for example, to adjust a color point of the string.

Solid state lighting apparatus and methods using integrated driver circuitry

A lighting apparatus includes a first substrate including a switching circuit, the switching circuit including a first port, a second port and a current control circuit configured to generate a current at the second port of the current control circuit responsive to a varying voltage at the first port. The apparatus further includes a second substrate mounted on the first substrate and including at least two LEDs electrically coupled to the second port of the current control circuit of the first substrate.

Illumination device having one or more lumiphors, and methods of fabricating same

A light emitter comprising a monolithic die comprising at least one solid state light emitting device and at least a first lumiphor covering part of a light emission region of the die. In some embodiments, at least a second lumiphor is provided on the die. The first lumiphor can be part of a first pattern of lumiphors, and/or the second lumiphor can be part of a second pattern of lumiphors. The first and second lumiphors can differ in luminescent material, size, shape and/or concentration of luminescent material. The lumiphors can overlap completely, partially, or not at all. Some embodiments comprise an electrical interconnection to electrically connect respective solid state light emitting devices. Also, a light emitter comprising unit cells each comprising a group of light emitting devices and at least one lumiphor. Methods of fabricating light emitters comprise selectively applying at least one lumiphor to a monolithic die.

Solid state lighting devices and methods of manufacturing the same

Lighting devices comprising first, second and third strings of solid state lighting devices. One aspect further comprises means for supplying first fixed current through the first string, means for supplying second fixed current through the second string, and means for supplying current through the third string. In a second aspect, the first and second strings emit light within a specific area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, and the third string emits light of dominant wavelength 600-640 nm. A third aspect further comprises a power line and a power supply configured to supply a first and second fixed currents through the first and second strings, respectively, and supply a current to the third string. A method of making a lighting device, comprising measuring color output, adjusting current to first, second and/or third strings, and permanently setting currents to the first and second strings.

Solid colloidal dispersions for the backlighting of liquid crystal displays

Anzeigeelement für eine Flachbildschirmanzeige mit: einem planaren Array von Flüssigkristallanzeige-(LCD-)vorrichtungen, einer Mehrzahl von Leuchtdioden-(LED)vorrichtungen, die so eingerichtet sind, dass sie Licht in einen Lichtpfad strahlen, der auf das planare Array von LCD-Vorrichtungen auftrifft, sodass eine Rückseitenbeleuchtung des planaren Arrays von LCD-Vorrichtungen bereitgestellt wird, und einer festen Schaumstruktur in dem Lichtpfad. Display element for a flat panel display with: a planar array of liquid crystal display (LCD) devices, a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) devices configured to radiate light into a light path impinging on the planar array of LCD devices to provide backside illumination of the planar array of LCD devices, and a solid foam structure in the light path.

Gas cooled led lamp

In one embodiment, a lamp (100, 102, 200, 300, 1000) comprises an optically transmissive enclosure (112, 212, 1112, 1114). An LED array (1128) is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure (112, 212, 304, 308, 1112, 1114) operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure (112, 212, 304, 308, 1112, 1114) to provide thermal coupling to the LED array (1128). The gas may include oxygen.

LED lamp

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. A tower extends from the base into the enclosure and supports an LED assembly in the enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a plurality of LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The tower and the LED assembly are arranged such that the plurality of LEDs are disposed about the periphery of the tower in a band and face outwardly toward the enclosure to create a source of the light that appears as a glowing filament. The tower forms part of a heat sink that transmits heat from the LED assembly to the ambient environment. The LED assembly has a three-dimensional shape. An electrical interconnect connects a conductor to the heat sink where the conductor is in the electrical path between the LED assembly and the base.

LED lamp and heat sink

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base. At least one LED is located in the enclosure and are operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. A heat sink comprises a heat dissipating portion having a first part that is located inside of the enclosure and that is thermally coupled to the LED and a second part that is exposed to the ambient environment. The second part comprises a plurality of stems connected to the first part where each stem supports a first overhang that extends over a portion of the enclosure and a second overhang that extends over a portion of the base.

LED lamp with thermally conductive enclosure

A lamp having an enclosure with a reflector and a lens where the reflector is made of thermally conductive material. A base is coupled to the enclosure. An LED is located in the enclosure and emits light when energized through an electrical path from the base. A heat sink having a heat dissipating portion that may be at least partially exposed to the ambient environment and heat conducting portion that is thermally coupled to the LED. The reflector is thermally coupled to the heat sink and is exposed to the exterior of the lamp such that heat from the heat sink may be dissipated to the ambient environment at least partially through the reflector.

LED lamp with LEDs having a longitudinally directed emission profile

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base defining a longitudinal axis of the lamp that extends from the base to the free end of the enclosure. An LED assembly is positioned in the optically transmissive enclosure. The LED assembly includes LEDs operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The LED assembly is arranged such that the plurality of LEDs face perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the lamp. The emission profile of the LEDs being at least 120 degrees FWHM.

Gas cooled LED lamp

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. A board supports lamp electronics for the lamp and is located in the enclosure. The LED array is mounted to the board and LEDs are mounted on a submount formed to have a three dimensional shape. The board is electrically coupled to the LED array and the submount may be thermally coupled to the gas for dissipating heat from the plurality of LEDs.

Gas cooled LED lamp with heat conductive submount

A gas cooled LED lamp and submount is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In example embodiments, the LEDs can be cooled and/or cushioned by a gas in thermal communication with the LED array to enable the LEDs to maintain an appropriate operating temperature for efficient operation and long life. In some embodiments, the LED assembly is mounted on a glass stem. In some embodiments a thermal resistant path is created that prevents overtemperature of the LED array during the making of the lamp. In some embodiments the LED assembly comprises a lead frame and/or metal core board that is bent into a three-dimensional shape to create a desired light pattern in the enclosure or an extruded submount formed into a three-dimensional shape.

LED lamp with LED assembly on a heat sink tower

A lamp has an optically transmissive enclosure and a base defining a longitudinal axis of the lamp extending from the base to the free end of the enclosure. A heat sink is at least partially located in the enclosure and includes a tower that extends along the longitudinal axis of the lamp. An LED assembly is positioned in the optically transmissive enclosure. The LED assembly comprises a lead frame circuit or a flex circuit where LEDs are attached to the circuits. The lead frame and flex circuit are formed into a three-dimensional shape and are thermally coupled to the tower.

Hot light emitting diode (LED) lighting systems

LED lighting systems operate their LED above a junction temperature of 85° C. and space apart from the LED, components of the LED lighting system that reduce an expected lifetime of the LED lighting system to less than 25,000 hours as a result of operating the LED above the junction temperature of 85° C. Accordingly, the LED itself may be driven hotter than is conventionally the case, without impacting its lifetime. By allowing the LED to operate hotter, reduced heat sinking may be needed for the LED itself, which can decrease the cost, size and/or complexity of the thermal management system for the LED lighting system and/or can allow a thermal budget for the LED lighting system to be used elsewhere. Related structures are also described.

High efficiency LED lamp

A high-efficiency LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the present invention provide a high-efficiency, high output solid-state lamp. The lamp includes an LED assembly, and an optical element or diffuser disposed to receive light from the LED assembly. The optical element includes a primary exit surface, wherein the primary exit surface is at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly. In example embodiments, the optical element is roughly cylindrical in shape, but can take other shapes and be made from various materials. An LED lamp according to some embodiments of the invention has an efficiency of at least about 150 lumens per watt. In some embodiments, the lamp has a light output of at least 1200 lumens. In some embodiments, the LED lamp produces light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 and a warm white color.

High efficiency LED lamp

A high-efficiency LED lamp is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention provide a high-efficiency, high output solid-state lamp. The lamp includes an LED assembly, an optical element disposed to receive light from the LED assembly, and an optical overlay. The optical element includes a primary exit surface, wherein the primary exit surface is at least about 1.5 inches from the LED assembly. In example embodiments, the optical element is roughly cylindrical in shape, but can take other shapes and be made from various materials. An LED lamp according to some embodiments of the invention has an efficiency of at least about 160 lumens per watt. In some embodiments, the lamp has a light output of at least 1200 lumens. In some embodiments, the LED lamp produces light with a color rendering index (CRI) of at least 90 and a warm white color.

LED lighting using spectral notching

LED lighting using optical elements with spectral notching is disclosed. Embodiments of the invention provide an optical element and LED devices and systems using such an optical element, where spectral notch filtering introduced by the optical element improves the color rendering index (CRI) of emitted light. In some embodiments of the invention, the optical element is made to act as a notch filter by including a rare earth compound such as neodymium oxide in or on the material of which the optical element is made. A color pigment can also be used to impart notch-filtering properties to an optical element. An optical interference film can also be used. The optical element may be included in an LED device such as a multichip component or may be used as an enclosure or reflector for an LED lighting system such as a lamp or fixture.

Lamp with LED array and thermal coupling medium

A lamp with an LED array is disclosed. The centralized nature of the LEDs allows the LEDs to be configured in a filament-like way using a supporting power structure, near the central portion of the optical envelope of the lamp. In example embodiments, the LEDs are cooled by a fluid medium to enable the LEDs to maintain appropriate mechanical stability and operating temperature. In some embodiments, the lamp operates at a power of at least 5 watts. Since the LED array can be centralized to form a filament-like structure, the light pattern from the lamp is not adversely affected by the presence of a heat sink or mechanical supporting parts. In some embodiments, phosphor is used provide wavelength conversion. The phosphor can be suspended within the optically transmissive fluid medium, placed remotely in the lamp structure, or applied to un-encapsulated LED die.

LED lamp and hybrid reflector

A lamp comprises an enclosure having a reflective surface and an exit surface through which light is emitted from the enclosure and a base. A plurality of LEDs are located in the enclosure and are operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. The reflective surface comprises a first reflective layer applied to the enclosure and a second reflective layer over the first reflective layer. The first reflective layer is a metalized surface. The second layer comprises a transparent carrier such as silicone mixed with a reflective media such as TiO 2 , Barium Sulfate and/or ZnO or silver.

LED lamp having at least two sectors

A lamp comprises an interior space and a base. An enclosure may be connected to the base to enclose the interior space. At least one LED board divides the interior space into a plurality of sectors. An LED is located in each sector in the enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical path from the base. Light from the LED is reflected by a wall of the sector to create a reflected light source.

Gas cooled LED lamp

In one embodiment, a lamp comprises an optically transmissive enclosure. An LED array is disposed in the optically transmissive enclosure operable to emit light when energized through an electrical connection. A gas is contained in the enclosure to provide thermal coupling to the LED array. The gas may include oxygen.