HYBRID VEHICLE

A utilization index IDX is calculated based on one or more parameters (the number of times of charging/the number of trips, total battery charger connection time/total vehicle stop time, total EV traveling distance/total HV traveling distance, total EV traveling time/total HV traveling time, total EV traveling distance/total traveling distance, total EV traveling time/total traveling time, total charge amount/total fuel supply quantity) obtained based on a ratio of an EV traveling utilization level to an HV traveling utilization level or a total traveling utilization level, and the utilization index IDX is stored. Since the utilization index IDX is calculated such that as each parameter is larger, utilization of charging of a battery by a battery charger is performed more sufficiently. Accordingly, the utilization index IDX can be used as an index that offers more accurate determination regarding a utilization status of the battery charging. 1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:an engine;a fuel tank configured to supply fuel to the engine;a motor;a battery configured to supply electric power to the motor;a battery charger configured to charge the battery using an external power supply; andan electronic control unit configured toi) calculate a utilization index of charging of the battery by the battery charger based on a ratio of an electric traveling utilization level to a hybrid traveling utilization level or a ratio of the electric traveling utilization level to a total traveling utilization level; andii) store the calculated utilization index.2. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinthe electronic control unit is configured to calculate the utilization index based on at least one ofa) a ratio of the number of times that the battery charger charges the battery to the number of trips,b) a ratio of total time of connecting the battery charger to the external power supply to total vehicle stop time with a system of the vehicle being turned off,c) a ratio of a ...

HYBRID VEHICLE

A use index IDX indicative of a degree of use of external charging is calculated and transmitted to a vehicle external system. The vehicle external system provides a service or imposes a penalty based on the use index IDX. In a case where the degree of use of external charging is determined to be low based on the use index IDX, if the vehicle external system provides a non-preferential service or imposes a heavy penalty as compared with a case where the degree of use of external charging is determined to be high, a driver or an owner of a vehicle takes an action by which the use index is determined to indicate, a high degree of use of external charging. As a result, the use of external charging can be promoted. 1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:an engine;a fuel tank configured to supply fuel to the engine;a motor;a battery configured to supply electric power to the motor;a charger configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of an external power source; anda communication device configured to transmit, to a vehicle external system a use index indicative of a degree of use of external charging in a predetermined time period.2. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinthe communication device is configured to transmit the use index when the communication device receives a communication request from the vehicle external system.3. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising an electronic control unit configured to use any one of the following i) to xiv) as the use index:i) a ratio of the number of times of charging to the number of trips;ii) a ratio of a total time for which the charger is connected to the external power source to a total time for which the vehicle is stopped with system off;iii) a ratio of a total distance of EV travel to a total distance of HV travel;iv) a ratio of a total time of EV travel to a total time of HV travel;v) a ratio of the total distance of EV travel to a total travel distance;vi) a ...

VEHICLE AND VEHICLE CONTROL METHOD

This ECU executes a program including: a step (S100) for determining whether or not insulation resistance (Ri) is lower than a threshold value (Ri(0)); a step (S102) for, when determined that the insulation resistance (Ri) is lower than the threshold value (Ri(0)) (Yes at S100), determining whether there is an electric leakage between a chassis and an EHC, and whether there is a possibility of electric leakage occurring somewhere other than between the chassis and the EHC; and a step (S104) for, when determined that there is electric leakage between the chassis and the EHC (Yes at S102), executing a heating control.

HYBRID VEHICLE

A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a fuel tank, a motor, a battery, a charger, and a notification mechanism. The battery is configured to supply electric power to the motor. The charger is configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of electric power from an external power source. The notification mechanism is configured to notify, to an outside of the vehicle, information on a use index indicative of a degree of use of external charging in a predetermined time period. 1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:an engine;a fuel tank that stores fuel to be supplied to the engine;a motor;a battery configured to supply electric power to the motor;a charger configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of electric power from an external power source; anda notification mechanism configured to notify information on a use index to an outside of the vehicle, the use index being an index for indicating a degree of use of external charging in a predetermined time period.2. The hybrid vehicle according to claim whereinthe notification mechanism is configured to perform notification of the information on the use index by performing at least one of change of color of a part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index, display of the use index on a part of the hybrid vehicle, display of a message corresponding to the use index on a part of the hybrid vehicle, and change of shape of a part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index.3. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 2 , whereinwhen the notification mechanism performs the notification of the information on the use index by performing the change of color of the part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index, the notification mechanism performs the notification by performing at least one of change of color of a head lamp, change of color of a back lamp, change of color of a stop lamp, change of color of a turn signal lamp, change of color of an outer rear view ...

HYBRID VEHICLE

The number of opportunities where external charging of a vehicle parked in a residential parking space or a charging station in a predetermined period is available is counted as the number of opportunities, and the number of times of the external charging performed in the opportunities in the same predetermined period is counted as the number of times of charging. The number of times of charging is then divided by the number of opportunities to calculate and store a charging frequency. Since the charging frequency is a ratio of the number of times that the external charging was performed to the number of opportunities where the external charging is available in the predetermined period, the ratio is used as an index that can offer more accurate determination regarding an external charging utilization status. As a result, various processing to promote external charging can be executed more properly.

HYBRID VEHICLE, COOPERATION SYSTEM, AND CONTROL METHOD FOR HYBRID VEHICLE

When a use index indicative of a degree of use of external charging is less than a threshold, an electronic control unit determines that the degree of use of external charging is low, and executes a charging guide control to promote the use of external charging at the time of parking at a battery charging point, such as at home or in a battery charging station, where the external charging is performable. Hereby, it is possible to promote a driver to use external charging at the time of parking at the battery charging point. As a result, the use of external charging can be promoted. 1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:an engine;a fuel tank that stores fuel to be supplied to the engine;a motor;a battery configured to supply electric power to the motor;a charger configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of electric power from an external power source; andan electronic control unit configured to execute a charging guide control to promote use of external charging during parking at a battery charging point when a use index is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, the use index being an index to indicate a degree of use of external charging in a predetermined time period, the battery charging point being point where the external charging is performable.2. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:a display device, whereinthe electronic control unit is configured to execute a control to display information to promote the use of external charging on the display device when the electronic control unit executes the charging guide control.3. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:a speaker, whereinthe electronic control unit is configured to execute at least one of an audio outputting control and an alarm outputting control when the electronic control unit executes the charging guide control, the audio outputting control is a control to output an audio from the speaker, the alarm outputting ...

SHEET TRANSPORT APPARATUS AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

A sheet transport apparatus includes a first transport device, a second transport device, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The first transport device transports a sheet. The second transport device is disposed downstream of the first transport device in a transport direction and transports the sheet. The first guide member is disposed between the first and second transport device such that the second transport device is closer to the first guide member than the first transport device and guides the sheet to the second transport device. The second guide member is disposed between the first and second transport device such that the first transport device is closer to the second guide member than the second transport device and guides the sheet to the first guide member while curving the sheet. 1. A sheet transport apparatus comprising:a first transport device that transports in a transport direction a sheet having one end portion and another end portion in a direction intersecting the transport direction and having a length of a preset value or more in the direction intersecting the transport direction;a second transport device that is disposed downstream of the first transport device in the transport direction and that transports the sheet;a first guide member that has a flat plate shape, that has a surface, that is disposed between the first transport device and the second transport device such that the second transport device is closer to the first guide member than the first transport device, and that guides the sheet to the second transport device; anda second guide member that is disposed between the first transport device and the second transport device such that the first transport device is closer to the second guide member than the second transport device and that guides the sheet to the first guide member while curving the sheet such that the one end portion of the sheet and the other end portion of the sheet are separated from the surface ...

Vehicle

A vehicle includes a PCU serving as a power control unit controlling the electric power for vehicle running, a battery storing the electric power for vehicle running, and an EHC serving as an electrically heated catalyst. The PCU includes a converter, an inverter, and a positive line and a negative line each connecting the converter and the inverter. The converter boosts a voltage VL output from the battery to a requested voltage value VHsys. The EHC has a positive end connected to the positive line. The EHC also has a negative end connected to the negative line.

VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR ENERGIZING CATALYST DEVICE

A vehicle includes: a catalyst device configured to be electrically heatable for purifying exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine; a first temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the catalyst device; a state-of-charge detection unit for detecting the state of charge of a power storage device; a second temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the power storage device; a catalyst power supply device supplying the catalyst device with electric power for heating it; and a controller. The controller calculates first electric power that the power storage device can supply based on the state of charge of the power storage device and an output of the second temperature detection unit, and the controller determines according to an output of the first temperature detection unit whether to cause the catalyst power supply device to supply the catalyst device with the first electric power. 1. A vehicle comprising:an internal combustion engine;a catalyst device configured to be electrically heatable for purifying exhaust gas of said internal combustion engine;a first temperature detection unit for detecting a temperature of said catalyst device;a power storage device;a state-of-charge detection unit for detecting a state of charge of said power storage device;a second temperature detection unit for detecting a temperature of said power storage device;a catalyst power supply device receiving electric power from said power storage device and supplying said catalyst device with electric power for heating said catalyst device; anda controller controlling said catalyst power supply device;said controller calculating first electric power that said power storage device can supply based on said state of charge of said power storage device and an output of said second temperature detection unit, and determining according to an output of said first temperature detection unit whether to cause said catalyst power supply device to supply said ...

VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING CATALYST DEVICE IN TEMPERATURE

A vehicle includes: an engine; an EHC (electrically heated catalyst) electrically heated for purifying exhaust gas of the engine; a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the EHC; and an ECU that controls the EHC in temperature. The ECU performs a first estimation process and a second estimation process to estimate the temperature of the EHC and accordingly controls electric power applied to energize the EHC, the first estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of the EHC based on an output of the temperature sensor before the engine starts, the second estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of the EHC based on the temperature of the exhaust gas emitted by the engine after the engine is started. 1. A vehicle comprising:a motor for travelling;an internal combustion engine;a catalyst device electrically heatably configured for purifying exhaust gas of said internal combustion engine;a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature in an exhaust pipe of said internal combustion engine; anda control device that controls said catalyst device in temperature,said control device performing a first estimation process and a second estimation process to estimate a temperature of said catalyst device and accordingly controlling electric power applied to energize said catalyst device, said first estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of said catalyst device by using an output of said temperature sensor after the vehicle is started by a user until said internal combustion engine starts for a first time while the vehicle is travelling by said motor for travelling, said second estimation process being performed to estimate the temperature of said catalyst device by using an output of said temperature sensor while said internal combustion engine is in operation,said second estimation process having a temperature estimation error smaller than a temperature estimation error of said first estimation process, ...

VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING VEHICLE

A hybrid vehicle () in which at least two shift ranges can be selected for a single running direction includes an engine (), a motor generator (), an EHC () raising the temperature of a catalyst for cleaning up an exhaust gas from the engine (), and an ECU (). While the vehicle () is running, if the engine () is stopped and, of the two shift ranges, a shift range where larger decelerating force is produced by regenerative braking of the motor generator () has been selected, the ECU () causes the EHC () to raise the temperature of the catalyst using electric power generated by the motor generator (). 1. A vehicle in which at least two shift ranges can be selected for a single running direction , comprising:an internal combustion engine;a rotating electric machine coupled to a driving wheel of said vehicle, the rotating electric machine producing driving force for causing said vehicle to run, and being capable of generating electric power by rotary force of said driving wheel;a warming-up device configured to raise the temperature of a catalyst for cleaning up an exhaust gas from said internal combustion engine; anda control device for controlling said warming-up device,while said vehicle is running, if a predetermined condition that said internal combustion engine is stopped and, of said two shift ranges, a shift range where larger decelerating force is produced by regenerative braking of said rotating electric machine has been selected is met, said control device causing said warming-up device to start raising the temperature of said catalyst using generated electric power by said rotating electric machine when the temperature of said catalyst falls below a predetermined first threshold value, and to stop raising the temperature of said catalyst in response to arrival of the temperature of said catalyst at a second threshold value which is higher than said first threshold value.2. (canceled)3. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said first threshold value is ...

Structural body for supporting a catalyst, and catalytic converter

To provide a catalytic converter that reduces non-uniformity of temperature of a catalyst support and that can approach a uniform temperature distribution, and a structural body for supporting a catalyst that structures this catalytic converter. At a catalyst support, gradually decreasing width portions, at which a width thereof gradually decreases toward electrode centers, are formed at regions where electrodes, are contactingly disposed, as seen in a cross-section orthogonal to a direction in which exhaust flows. The width is shorter than a length of a center line at a given position. Heat generation and heat dissipation of the catalyst support are balanced overall.

Catalytic converter

A catalytic converter has a catalyst support that is heated due to supply of electricity, and a pair of electrodes that are disposed so as to contact an outer periphery of the catalyst support as seen in an orthogonal cross-section that is orthogonal to a direction in which exhaust flows. By making a volume resistivity of the electrodes be higher than that of electricity supplying portions of external cables that are connected to the electrodes respectively and are for supplying current to the electrodes, heat generated at the electrodes is provided to the catalyst support, and a generated heat amount of the catalyst support in vicinities of the electrodes is made to be large as compared with a generated heat amount at an inner portion of the catalyst support.

Transport guide device, sheet-shaped object processing apparatus, and powder using apparatus

A transport guide device includes: a first guide unit including a guide portion configured to guide a sheet-shaped object along a transport path; and a second guide unit including a fixed first end portion and a non-fixed second end portion opposite to the fixed first end portion, the second end portion (i) approaching the guide portion toward a downstream side in a transport direction of the sheet-shaped object and then contacts with the guide portion or (ii) approaching the guide portion toward the downstream side in the transport direction of the sheet-shaped object, the second guide unit being configured to guide the sheet-shaped object such that the sheet-shaped object comes into contact with the guide portion, in which the second guide unit includes a tip end protrusion at a tip end of the second end portion, the tip end protrusion protruding in a direction away from the guide portion.

HYBRID VEHICLE

A hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and a motor-generator for running the vehicle, includes: a power storage device to be supplied to the motor-generator; a current leakage detection circuit detecting a decrease in insulation resistance, the current leakage detection circuit being electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power storage device; an electrical heated catalyst device; and a power supply device that converts electric power from the power storage device into energization power of the electrical heated catalyst device by a power conversion path passing through an insulating mechanism. The power supply device includes a switching device. The switching device is opened when the electrical heated catalyst device is energized, and is closed when the decrease in insulation resistance of the electrical heated catalyst device is detected. 1. A hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine and a motor-generator for running the vehicle , comprising:a power storage device that stores electric power to be supplied to the motor-generator;a current leakage detection circuit that detects a decrease in insulation resistance, the current leakage detection circuit being electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power storage device;an electrical heated catalyst device that electrically heats a catalyst purifying exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine; anda power supply device that converts electric power from the power storage device into energization power of the electrical heated catalyst device by a power conversion path passing through an insulating mechanism configured such that electric energy is transferred after a primary side electrically connected to the power storage device and a secondary side electrically connected to the electrical heated catalyst device have been electrically insulated, whereinthe power supply device includes a switching device for electrically connecting the ...

EGR DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Provided is an EGR device that allows an EGR valve to be removed with ease even when the EGR valve is provided adjacent to a turbocharger. The EGR device includes a first connecting pipe portion () extending from a compressor of the turbocharger and having a first annular shoulder surface () at a base end thereof, an EGR valve () fixedly attached to a part of the engine, a joint member () including a flange () attached to the EGR valve () and a second connecting pipe portion (), and opposing the first connecting pipe portion in a coaxial relationship, the second connecting pipe portion being provided with a second annular shoulder surface () at a base end thereof, and a flexible pipe member () having a first end fitted onto the first connecting pipe portion and a second end fitted onto the second connecting pipe portion. A distance (L) between the two annular shoulder surfaces is greater than a length (L) of the flexible pipe member by a prescribed distance. 1. An EGR device for a multiple-cylinder engine equipped with a supercharger for returning a part of exhaust gas expelled from an exhaust system of the engine to an intake system of the engine , comprising:a first connecting pipe portion extending from a compressor of the supercharger and having a first annular shoulder surface at a base end thereof;an EGR valve fixedly attached to a part of the engine;a joint member including a flange attached to the EGR valve and a second connecting pipe portion defining a passage communicating with an inlet end of the EGR valve, and opposing the first connecting pipe portion in a coaxial relationship, the second connecting pipe portion being provided with a second annular shoulder surface at a base end thereof; anda flexible pipe member having a first end fitted onto the first connecting pipe portion and a second end fitted onto the second connecting pipe portion;wherein a distance between the two annular shoulder surfaces is greater than a length of the flexible pipe member ...

VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING VEHICLE

A vehicle includes an engine, an EHC (electrical heated catalyst), a first MG (motor generator) generating a counter electromotive force at the time of vehicle collision, a battery, a PCU (power control unit) having a converter and an inverter performing power conversion between the battery and the first MG, and an ECU. The PCU is connected to the battery through an SMR (system main relay). The EHC is connected between the converter and the inverter through EHC relay. The ECU determines whether or not vehicle collision has occurred. When the vehicle collision has occurred, the ECU opens the SMR to electrically separate the battery and the PCU and closes the EHC relay to electrically connect the EHC and the first MG, so that the counter electromotive force generated in the first MG at the time of vehicle collision is consumed at the EHC. 1. A vehicle comprising:an electric resistor converting electric energy into heat energy;a rotational electric machine generating a counter electromotive force with rotation caused by reduction of a rotational speed of wheels at a time of vehicle collision;a switching device including a switching circuit switching an electric connection state between said electric resistor and said rotational electric machine; anda control device controlling said switching circuit,said control device controlling said switching circuit at the time of vehicle collision to electrically connect said electric resistor and said rotational electric machine to allow said electric resistor to consume the counter electromotive force generated in said rotational electric machine at the time of vehicle collision.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , further comprising:an engine;an electrical storage device storing power for driving said rotational electric machine;a converter performing voltage conversion between said electrical storage device and said rotational electric machine; andan inverter performing power conversion between said converter and said ...

IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS HAVING GUIDE PORTIONS ARRANGED IN A DIRECTION CROSSING A TRANSPORTATION DIRECTION OF A RECORDING MEDIUM

An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device including a pressing unit and a heating unit that opposes the pressing unit; and plural guide portions disposed downstream of the fixing device and arranged in a direction crossing a transporting direction of a recording medium. An amount of projection of the guide portions is smaller in a region near a center of the fixing device than in a region near an end of the fixing device. 1. An image forming apparatus comprising:a fixing device including a pressing unit and a heating unit that opposes the pressing unit; anda plurality of guide portions disposed downstream of the fixing device and arranged in a direction crossing a transporting direction of a recording medium,wherein an amount of projection of the guide portions is smaller in a region near a center of the fixing device than in a region near an end of the fixing device,wherein the guide portions are disposed to face a surface of the recording medium discharged from the fixing device, the surface having an image formed thereon.2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the guide portions decreases with increasing distance in a direction from the end toward the center.3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the height of the guide portions decreases substantially along a curve with increasing distance in the direction from the end toward the center.4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the guide portions along which an end portion of the recording medium in the direction crossing the transporting direction passes has an amount of projection larger than an amount of projection of other guide portions.5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein one of the guide portions that is closest to the center has an amount of projection smaller than an amount of projection of another one of the guide portions that is closest to the one of the guide portions in ...

VEHICLE

In a plug-in hybrid vehicle that includes an EHC, an ECU eliminates a sulfur poisoned state by supplying external electric power to the EHC when it is necessary to eliminate a state in which adhesion to a catalyst in the EHC degrades a function of the catalyst and external charging is being performed. On the other hand, when it is necessary to eliminate the sulfur poisoned state, the external charging is not being performed, and operation of an engine is permitted, the sulfur poisoned state is eliminated by operating the engine. 1. A vehicle comprising:an engine;a motor, the vehicle traveling by using power from at least one of the engine and the motor;an electric power storage device configured to store electric power for driving the motor, the electric power storage device being chargeable by external electric power supplied from an external electric power source of the vehicle;a catalyst configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine, the catalyst being heated by using electricity; andan electronic control unit configured to:(a) execute control for eliminating a sulfur poisoned state of the catalyst; and(b) execute a first eliminating control for eliminating the sulfur poisoned state by supplying the external electric power to the catalyst when it is necessary to eliminate the sulfur poisoned state and the external electric power source is connected to the vehicle.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , whereinthe electronic control unit is configured to execute a second eliminating control for eliminating the sulfur poisoned state by operating the engine when it is necessary to eliminate the sulfur poisoned state, the external electric power source is not connected to the vehicle, and the operation of the engine is permitted.3. The vehicle according to claim 2 , whereinthe first eliminating control is control for securing an amount of oxygen around the catalyst while heating the catalyst by supplying the external electric power to the catalyst in a state that the ...

IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

An image forming apparatus includes a transport belt, a first intermediate transfer belt, and a second intermediate transfer belt. The transport belt is disposed along a transport path extending in a vertical direction. The transport belt is configured to transport a recording medium while coming into contact with one surface of the recording medium. The first intermediate transfer belt is configured to sandwich the recording medium together with the transport belt. An image is transferred from the first intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium. The second intermediate transfer belt is disposed above the first intermediate transfer belt. The second intermediate transfer belt is configured to sandwich, together with the transport belt, the recording medium which is in a state where the recording medium is sandwiched between the first intermediate transfer belt and the transport belt. An image being transferred from the second intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium. 1. An image forming apparatus comprising:a transport belt disposed along a transport path extending in a vertical direction, the transport belt being configured to transport a recording medium while coming into contact with one surface of the recording medium;a first intermediate transfer belt configured to sandwich the recording medium together with the transport belt, an image being transferred from the first intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium; anda second intermediate transfer belt disposed above the first intermediate transfer belt, the second intermediate transfer belt being configured to sandwich, together with the transport belt, the recording medium which is in a state where the recording medium is sandwiched between the first intermediate transfer belt and the transport belt, an image being transferred from the second intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium.2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a first image ...

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes: a transport path that transports an image forming medium in a top-bottom direction; a first image forming unit including a first intermediate transfer belt, which is disposed so as to face the transport path, to which toner images formed in multiple first toner-image forming units are transferred, and from which the toner images are transferred to the medium transported along the transport path; a second image forming unit including a second intermediate transfer belt, which is disposed upstream of the first image forming unit in a medium transport direction so as to face the transport path, to which toner images formed in multiple second toner-image forming units are transferred, and from which the toner images are transferred to the medium transported along the transport path; and a ventilation path formed between the first image forming unit and the second image forming unit, which are spaced apart.

Image forming apparatus having multiple image forming units

An image forming apparatus includes: a first forming unit that forms a superimposed toner image, in which yellow, magenta, and cyan toner images are superimposed on one another, on a first intermediate transfer unit; a second forming unit that is located downstream of the first forming unit in a recording-medium transport direction and that forms a black toner image on a second intermediate transfer unit; a first transfer part that transfers the superimposed toner image formed on the first intermediate transfer unit by the first forming unit to a recording medium; and a second transfer part that is located downstream of the first transfer part in the recording-medium transport direction and that transfers, in a superimposed manner, the black toner image formed on the second intermediate transfer unit by the second forming unit to the superimposed toner image on the recording medium.

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes a transport belt, a first intermediate transfer belt, and a second intermediate transfer belt. The transport belt is disposed along a transport path extending in a vertical direction. The transport belt is configured to transport a recording medium while coming into contact with one surface of the recording medium. The first intermediate transfer belt is configured to sandwich the recording medium together with the transport belt. An image is transferred from the first intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium. The second intermediate transfer belt is disposed above the first intermediate transfer belt. The second intermediate transfer belt is configured to sandwich, together with the transport belt, the recording medium which is in a state where the recording medium is sandwiched between the first intermediate transfer belt and the transport belt. An image being transferred from the second intermediate transfer belt to the recording medium.

Electrically heated catalyst

In an electrically heated catalyst which is arranged in an exhaust passage, electric leakage is suppressed as much as possible. The electrically heated catalyst comprising: a heat generation element; an electrode; a case; an electrode chamber; and an electrically insulating holding member that is inserted between the outer peripheral surface of the heat generation element and the case, and has an abutment joint portion formed by a pair of end faces which connect from an upstream side end portion to a downstream side end portion of the holding member, and which are arranged in opposition to each other, and an opening portion which is constructed so as to form a predetermined space connected with the electrode chamber in the surrounding of the electrode. The abutment joint portion is arranged in a position which excludes the opening portion, and in which it is not exposed to the electrode chamber.

VEHICLE AND CONTROL METHOD OF VEHICLE

A vehicle includes an engine, an electrically heated catalyst configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine, and a controller configured to control energizing power to the electrically heated catalyst. The controller is configured to determine the energizing power based on a vehicle speed of the vehicle and an acceleration of the vehicle, when energizing the electrically heated catalyst before the engine is started. 1. A vehicle comprising:an engine;an electrically heated catalyst configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine; and a controller configured to control energizing power to the electrically heated catalyst,the controller being configured to determine the energizing power based on a vehicle speed of the vehicle and an acceleration of the vehicle, when energizing the electrically heated catalyst before the engine is started.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the controller increases the energizing power the higher the vehicle speed is and the greater the acceleration of the vehicle is claim 1 , in a high speed range in which the vehicle speed is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed.3. The vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the controller increases the energizing power the lower the vehicle speed is claim 2 , in a non-high speed range in which the vehicle speed is lower than the predetermined speed.4. The vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the engine is started when a required power of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined amount or when the vehicle speed exceeds a vehicle-speed threshold value that is higher than the predetermined speed.5. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the vehicle is a hybrid vehicle that runs by power of at least one of the engine and an electric motor.6. A control method of a vehicle claim 1 , the vehicle including an engine claim 1 , an electrically heated catalyst and a controller claim 1 , the control method comprising:determining, by the controller, an energizing power based on a vehicle speed ...

Vehicle and vehicular control method

An ECU executes a program including the steps of: determining whether an insulation resistance Ri is smaller than a threshold value Ri( 0 ); if the insulation resistance Ri is smaller than the threshold value Ri( 0 ), determining whether there is electric leakage between a vehicular body and an EHC and whether there is a possibility that there is electric leakage at a location other than a location between the vehicular body and the EHC; and if there is electric leakage between the vehicular body and the EHC, performing heating control.

Controller, control method, and control system

A controller included in an apparatus: (i) identifies a first situation included in a condition for imposing a regulation on operation of the apparatus; (ii) identifies a second situation included in a condition for lifting the regulation imposed on the operation; (iii) if the first situation is not a predetermined first situation where the operation is regulated, controls the apparatus in a first mode in which a predetermined operation of the apparatus is permitted; (iv) if the first situation is the predetermined first situation, controls the apparatus in a second mode in which the predetermined operation is restricted; (v) if the second situation is a situation, which is a situation where it is desirable that the apparatus be controlled in the first mode, rather than the second mode, controls the apparatus in the first mode even if the first situation is the predetermined first situation.

ELECTRICALLY-POWERED VEHICLE

An EHC is configured to electrically heat a catalyst that purifies exhaust gas from an exhaust path of an internal combustion engine mounted on an electrically-powered vehicle, when a current passes through the EHC. A charger converts AC electric power supplied from an external power supply to a charging port into charging power of a power storage device by a power conversion path including an insulating transformer. The EHC is electrically connected to power lines which are provided on the primary side of the insulating transformer on the power conversion path, and to which a DC voltage is output. In a case where the EHC is operated when the vehicle travels, the charger converts the electric power from the power storage device into the DC voltage output to the power lines connected to the EHC, by a part of inverse conversion of power conversion at the time of external charging. 1. An electrically-powered vehicle having mounted thereon an internal combustion engine and a motor for causing the vehicle to travel , the electrically-powered vehicle comprising:a power storage device for storing electric power supplied to said motor;a power receiving unit for receiving the electric power supplied from a power supply external to the vehicle;a charger performing AC/DC power conversion for converting the electric power received by said power receiving unit into charging power of said power storage device, when the electric power is supplied from said power supply, by a power conversion path passing through an insulating mechanism configured to transmit electric energy with a primary side electrically connected to said power receiving unit electrically insulated from a secondary side electrically connected to said power storage device,said charger having first and second power lines which are electrically connected to the primary side of said insulating mechanism on said power conversion path, and between which a DC voltage is output; andan electrical heated catalyst device ...

HYBRID VEHICLE

A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a fuel tank, a motor, a battery, a charger, and a notification mechanism. The battery is configured to supply electric power to the motor. The charger is configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of electric power from an external power source. The notification mechanism is configured to notify, to an outside of the vehicle, information on a use index indicative of a degree of use of external charging in a predetermined time period. 19-. (canceled)10. A hybrid vehicle comprising:an engine;a fuel tank that stores fuel to be supplied to the engine;a motor;a battery configured to supply electric power to the motor;a charger configured to carry out external charging that charges the battery by use of electric power from an external power source; anda notification mechanism configured to notify information on a use index to an outside of the vehicle, the use index being an index for indicating a total time that the charger is connected to the external power source in a predetermined time period.11. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 10 , whereinthe notification mechanism is configured to perform notification of the information on the use index by performing at least one of change of color of a part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index, display of the use index on a part of the hybrid vehicle, display of a message corresponding to the use index on a part of the hybrid vehicle, and change of shape of a part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index.12. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 11 , whereinwhen the notification mechanism performs the notification of the information on the use index by performing the change of color of the part of the hybrid vehicle according to the use index, the notification mechanism performs the notification by performing at least one of change of color of a head lamp, change of color of a back lamp, change of color of a stop lamp, change of color of a ...

HYBRID VEHICLE

A control device executes abnormality detection processing for detecting an abnormality of a current sensor. The abnormality detection processing includes first processing which is executed in a case where, during reception of electric power from a power supply, a state of charge of a power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount and electric power is supplied to an electrically heated catalyst device. The first processing includes processing for detecting an abnormality of the current sensor by estimating a current supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device using a detection value of a charging current sensor and comparing the estimated value with a detection value of the current sensor. 1. A hybrid vehicle in which an internal combustion engine and an electric motor for vehicle traveling are mounted , the hybrid vehicle comprising:a power storage device configured to store electric power supplied to the electric motor;a charging device configured to receive electric power from an external power supply provided outside the hybrid vehicle to charge the power storage device;an electrically heated catalyst device including a catalyst configured to purify exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine and configured to receive electric power through the charging device to electrically heat the catalyst;a first current sensor configured to detect a current supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device;a second current sensor configured to detect a current received from the external power supply by the charging device; anda control device configured to execute abnormality detection processing for detecting an abnormality of the first current sensor,wherein the abnormality detection processing includes first processing which is executed in a case where, during reception of electric power from the external power supply, (i) a state of charge of the power storage device is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount ...

HYBRID VEHICLE

An electrically heated catalyst device has a catalyst that purifies exhaust gas from an engine, and is configured to heat the catalyst with electric power that is supplied from an electric storage device. A current sensor detects a current that is supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device. A current sensor detects an input/output current of the electric storage device. A controller executes failure determination control to determine whether the current sensor has a failure. In the failure determination control, the controller estimates a current that is supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device using a detection value of the current sensor and compares the estimated current with a detection value of the current sensor to determine whether the current sensor has a failure. 1. A hybrid vehicle that is equipped with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor generating a driving force , comprising:an electric storage device configured to store electric power that is supplied to the electric motor;an electrically heated catalyst device that includes a catalyst that purifies exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, and is configured to be supplied with electric power from the electric storage device to electrically heat the catalyst;a first current sensor configured to detect a current that is supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device;a second current sensor configured to detect an input/output current of the electric storage device; anda controller configured to execute failure determination control that estimates a current that is supplied to the electrically heated catalyst device using a detection value of the second current sensor and compares the estimated current with a detection value of the first current sensor to determine whether the first current sensor has a failure.3. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 2 ,wherein the failure determination control further includes second processing that is executed when the ...

Hybrid vehicle

The number of opportunities where external charging of a vehicle parked in a residential parking space or a charging station in a predetermined period is available is counted as the number of opportunities, and the number of times of the external charging performed in the opportunities in the same predetermined period is counted as the number of times of charging. The number of times of charging is then divided by the number of opportunities to calculate and store a charging frequency. Since the charging frequency is a ratio of the number of times that the external charging was performed to the number of opportunities where the external charging is available in the predetermined period, the ratio is used as an index that can offer more accurate determination regarding an external charging utilization status. As a result, various processing to promote external charging are executed more properly.

Semiconductor power module

A semiconductor power module has insulative substrate which is configured with a metal wiring pattern formed on an upper first surface thereof, a metal conductor formed on a rear face, opposite the first surface and an insulative layer between the metal wiring pattern and the metal conductor. A semiconductor chip is joined to the metal wiring pattern formed on the first surface of the insulative substrate, using Pb-free solder with a low melting point. A heat sink is bonded to the metal conductor formed on the other surface of the insulative substrate, using a highly heat conductive adhesive having a thermal conductivity of 2 W/(mK) or more.

Hybrid vehicle

【課題】ＥＨＣ電流センサを二重化することなくＥＨＣ電流センサの異常を検出可能なハイブリッド車両を提供する。【解決手段】ＥＨＣ装置８２は、エンジン１０から排出される排気ガスを浄化する触媒を有し、蓄電装置４０から電力を受けて触媒を電気加熱するように構成される。電流センサ１３０は、ＥＨＣ装置８２に供給される電流を検出する。電流センサ１１０は、蓄電装置４０の入出力電流を検出する。ＥＣＵ１００は、電流センサ１３０の異常を検出する異常検出処理を実行する。ＥＣＵ１００は、異常検出処理において、電流センサ１１０の検出値を用いてＥＨＣ装置８２に供給される電流を推定し、その推定値と電流センサ１３０の検出値とを比較することによって電流センサ１３０の異常を検出する。【選択図】図１

Sheet conveyance device and image forming apparatus

【課題】シートの搬送方向と交差する方向の両端部が案内部材に先に接触する場合に比較して、シートにしわが発生するのを抑制する。【解決手段】記録用紙５を搬送する二次定着装置３０と、二次定着装置３０の搬送方向に沿った下流側に配置され、記録用紙５を搬送する定着装置４０と、二次定着装置３０と定着装置４０の間であって定着装置４０側に配置され、記録用紙５を定着装置４０へ案内する平板状の第１の搬送ガイド５８と、二次定着装置３０と定着装置４０の間であって二次転写装置３０側に配置され、搬送方向と交差する方向に沿った長さが予め設定された値以上の記録用紙５を、搬送方向と交差する方向に沿った両端部が第１の搬送ガイド５８の表面から離間するように湾曲させて第１の搬送ガイド５８へ案内する第２の搬送ガイド５７と、を備える。【選択図】図７

Vehicle and method for controlling temperature of catalytic device

Vehicle and method for energizing catalyst device

A vehicle includes: a catalyst device configured to be electrically heatable for purifying exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine; a first temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the catalyst device; a state-of-charge detection unit for detecting the state of charge of a power storage device; a second temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the power storage device; a catalyst power supply device supplying the catalyst device with electric power for heating it; and a controller. The controller calculates first electric power that the power storage device can supply based on the state of charge of the power storage device and an output of the second temperature detection unit, and the controller determines according to an output of the first temperature detection unit whether to cause the catalyst power supply device to supply the catalyst device with the first electric power.

Motor control device

The invention is intended to provide a control device for a vehicular AC motor, which has higher efficiency of voltage utilization in a power running mode and has higher efficiency of electricity generation in an electricity generation mode. The motor control device comprises rectifying devices and switching devices for three phases, which are connected between a DC power source and armature coils of an AC motor operatively coupled to an internal combustion engine. The motor control device has the inverter function of converting a DC power from the DC power source into an AC power and supplying the AC power to the armature coils, and the converter function of converting an AC power generated by the AC motor into a DC power and supplying the DC power to the DC power source. Rectangular-wave driving control of applying rectangular wave voltages to the armature coils of the AC motor is performed when the AC motor is operated for power running, and synchronous rectification control for making synchronous rectification of the AC power generated by the AC motor is performed when the AC motor is operated for electricity generation.

Semiconductor power module

A semiconductor power module has insulative substrate (21) which is configured with a metal wiring pattern (22) formed on an upper first surface thereof, a metal conductor (23) formed on a rear face, opposite the first surface and an insulative layer (21) between the metal wiring pattern and the metal conductor (23). A semiconductor chip (1) is joined to the metal wiring pattern (22) formed on the first surface of the insulative substrate (21), using Pb-free solder with a low melting point. A heat sink (4) is bonded to the metal conductor (23) formed on the other surface of the insulative substrate (21), using a highly heat conductive adhesive (5) having a thermal conductivity of 2 W/(mK) or more.

Hybrid vehicle

電気加熱式の排ガス浄化システム

【課題】排ガス浄化装置を構成する基材や触媒の機械的強度を損なうことなく、基材に生じ得るクラックを効果的に抑制することのできる電気加熱式の排ガス浄化システムを提供する。 【解決手段】導電性を有する中空の基材１１と基材１１内に収容された触媒１２を少なくとも備えた排ガス浄化装置１０と、この排ガス浄化装置１０がその内部に収容される排ガスの排気系統を構成する配管５０とから構成されて排ガスを浄化する電気加熱式の排ガス浄化システム２００であって、基材１１と配管５０はそれぞれの外周に固有の電極２１、３１を有し、それぞれの電極２１，３１は固有の電源回路を有しており、基材１１と配管５０が同時に、もしくは基材１１に先行して配管５０が通電加熱制御されるようになっている。 【選択図】図２

Current sensing method and current sensing device, power conversion device using this current sensing device, and vehicle using this power conversion device

A current sensing device for sensing current flowing through a MOSFET has a voltage divider circuit composed of a series circuit of a first resistor and a second resistor having different resistance temperature coefficients, with a voltage division ratio designed to change depending on temperature. The sensing device is connected between a source and a drain of said MOSFET. A sensing circuit takes out the source-to-drain voltage divided with the voltage divider to sense the current flowing through the MOSFET.

Current sensing method and current sensing device, power conversion device using this current sensing device, and vehicle using this power conversions device

A current sensing device for sensing current flowing through a MOSFET has a voltage divider circuit composed of a series circuit of a first resistor and a second resistor having different resistance temperature coefficients, with a voltage division ratio designed to change depending on temperature. The sensing device is connected between a source and a drain of said MOSFET. A sensing circuit takes out the source-to-drain voltage divided with the voltage divider to sense the current flowing through the MOSFET.

Austenitic stainless cast steel and method for producing austenitic stainless cast steel

In this cast austenitic stainless steel, in a cross section when heated at 1000° C., an average number Nc per unit area of carbides having an equivalent circle diameter of 500 nm or larger in a center portion of an austenite crystal grain is 6.0×10 −2 particles/μm 2 or more, and, when an average number per unit area of the carbides having an equivalent circle diameter of 500 nm or larger in a vicinity of a grain boundary in an austenite crystal grain is represented as Ngb, Ngb/Nc is 1.3 or less.

画像形成装置

【課題】定着装置から排出された記録媒体を案内する案内部の突出量が同一である構成と比べ、定着装置から排出された記録媒体が案内部に擦れることで起こる画像の不具合を抑制する画像形成装置を提供する。【解決手段】加圧部と、加圧部に対向する加熱部と、を有する定着装置と、定着装置の下流側であって、記録媒体１０４の搬送方向に対して交わる方向に形成された複数の案内部２００（２０２、２０４、２０６、２０８）と、を有し、案内部２００（２０２、２０４、２０６、２０８）は、定着装置の端部側２２２、２２４に比べて中央側２２０の突出量が小さい画像形成装置である。【選択図】図５

車両の制御装置

【課題】カーボンや水による擬似漏電を排除して、ＥＨＣの通電を適切に制御することを目的とする。 【解決手段】ＥＨＣの通電要求がある場合に（１００）、絶縁抵抗を測定し（１０２）、絶縁抵抗が所定値より小さい場合には、直ぐに異常と判断せずに、エンジン始動して触媒を暖気することにより、カーボン・被水回復制御を行って（１１２）から、絶縁抵抗を再度測定して（１１６）、絶縁抵抗が所定値以上か否かを判断し（１１８）、所定値より小さい場合に、異常と判断して報知する（１２０）。 【選択図】図４

Improved process and apparatus for removing nitrogen oxides from and sulphur dioxide from effluent gases

触媒コンバータ装置

【課題】触媒担体の温度低下を抑制すると共に、触媒担体の下流側でカーボンの燃焼を促進できる触媒コンバータ装置を得る。【解決手段】触媒担体１４よりも下流側で触媒担体１４から離間して、筒状の下流筒４０が配置される。下流筒４０は、下流に向かって内径が縮径される下流側縮径部４０Ｃを備える。収容筒３０の内周面と下流筒４０の外周面の間には保持マット４２が配置され、下流筒４０が収容筒３０から離間させて収容筒３０内に保持される。【選択図】図１

画像形成装置

【課題】第１画像形成部の重力方向の上方に第２画像形成部を設けた画像形成装置において、第２画像形成部で重力方向の下方から画像を形成する場合と比べて画像の擦れを抑制しながら、第１画像形成部と第２画像形成部とで記録材の同じ面に画像を形成する。 【解決手段】記録材の一方の面に画像を形成する第１画像形成部と、第１画像形成部で一方の面に画像が形成された記録材の表裏を反転し第１画像形成部に送る反転部と、第１画像形成部の重力方向の上方に設けられ、反転部にて表裏が反転され第１画像形成部を通過した記録材を、一方の面が重力方向の上方へ向くように搬送し、一方の面に対して重力方向の上方から画像を形成する第２画像形成部とを備える。 【選択図】図１

学習モデル作成装置、材料特性予測装置、および学習モデル作成方法ならびにプログラム

【課題】信頼性の高い材料特性の予測が可能な学習モデルを作成するための学習モデル作成装置を提供する。【解決手段】学習モデル作成装置は、１以上の条件を含む所定の製造条件から、該製造条件の下で製造される材料の所定の材料特性を予測するための学習モデルの検証を実行する検証部を備え、検証部は、学習モデルに基づいて得られる、所定の製造条件のうちから選択された条件である選択条件と所定の材料特性との関係性である第１関係性を取得する第１取得部と、材料シミュレーションに基づいて得られる関係性である第２関係性を取得する第２取得部と、第１関係性および第２関係性の類似性の有無を判定する類似性判定部と、類似性の有無の判定結果に基づいて、学習モデルの再学習の必要性を判定する再学習判定部と、を有する。【選択図】 図１

Structure for supporting catalyst, and catalytic converter

搬送部材、搬送装置および画像形成装置

【課題】第１の軸部とその表面に螺旋状に存在する羽根部を有し且つ可撓性を有する第１搬送部と、第１搬送部の一端から延びる第２の軸部と第２の軸の周りに存在するコイル部を有する第２搬送部とを備えた搬送部材において、第１搬送部から回転動力が入力される場合に比べて、回転動力を第１搬送部および第２搬送部へ効率よく伝達することができるようにする。【解決手段】搬送部材は、上記第１搬送部と、第１の軸部の一端部から延びて第１の軸部よりも高い剛性を有する第２の軸部と第２の軸部の表面に螺旋状に存在して第２の軸部の表面と接近および離間する方向に移動可能であって被搬送物を搬送するコイル部とを有する第２搬送部と、第２の軸部の第１の軸部とは反対側の端部または当該端部と接続されて第１の軸部よりも高い剛性を有する第３の軸部に取り付けられ、回転動力の入力を受けて駆動させられる被駆動部と、を備える。【選択図】図２

画像形成装置

【課題】記録媒体へのトナー像の二次転写が１回のみ行われる構成に比べて、トナーによる記録媒体の単位面積あたりの隠蔽率を高くすることを目的とする。【解決手段】第１中間転写部にイエロー、マゼンタ、及びシアンのトナー像が重畳された重畳トナー像を形成する第１形成ユニットと、前記第１形成ユニットよりも記録媒体の搬送方向の下流側に配置され、第２中間転写部に黒色の黒トナー像を形成する第２形成ユニットと、前記記録媒体に対し、前記第１形成ユニットにより前記第１中間転写部に形成された前記重畳トナー像を転写する第１転写部と、前記第１転写部よりも前記記録媒体の搬送方向の下流側に配置され、前記第２形成ユニットにより前記第２中間転写部に形成された前記黒トナー像を、前記記録媒体における前記重畳トナー像に重畳して転写する第２転写部と、を備える。【選択図】図２

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes: a medium transport path; a first image transport path that is disposed so as to oppose the medium transport path and along which an image to be formed on the medium is transported; an image forming part that forms the image and is disposed adjacent to the first image transport path; and a second image transport path that is disposed so as to oppose the medium transport path, that is located at a distance from the image forming part, and along which an image to be formed on the medium is transported, the second image transport path, the first image transport path, and the medium transport path, together surrounding the image forming part.

定着装置および画像形成装置

【課題】定着ニップ部の設定を行う場合に、押付部材が操作受付部材を介して第１定着部材と第２定着部材とを押し付ける場合と比較して、簡易な構成にて、定着ニップ部の設定を行えることを目的とする。【解決手段】定着装置５０は、加熱ロール５１０を有する加熱モジュール５１と、加圧ベルト５２０を有する加圧モジュール５２と、加熱モジュール５１を支持するロール支持部材５３１と、ロール支持部材５３１に回転可能に取り付けられて加圧モジュール５２を支持するベルト支持部材５３２と、一端がロール支持部材５３１に保持されるとともに他端がベルト支持部材５３２に保持される引張バネ５３４と、ロール支持部材５３１に回転可能に取り付けられ、外部から受けた回転操作に伴って、ロール支持部材５３１に保持されていた引張バネ５３４の一端をロール支持部材５３１から受け取ることで、定着ニップ部Ｎの形成を解除させるレバー５３５とを備える。【選択図】図２

Hybrid vehicle

ハイブリッド車両

【課題】ＣＤモードとＣＳモードとを切り替え可能なハイブリッド車両において、適切に触媒暖機を行なうことである。【解決手段】ハイブリッド車両１は、エンジン１０と、バッテリ７０と、第２ＭＧ３０と、ＥＨＣ１４０と、ＥＣＵ２００とを備える。ＥＨＣ１４０は、排気通路１３０に設けられ、排気を浄化する触媒を含むとともにバッテリ７０から電力の供給を受けて触媒を加熱する。ＥＣＵ２００は、ＣＤモードが選択されている場合には、ＥＨＣ１４０を非通電状態とし、触媒の暖機が完了していない状態でＣＳモードが選択されている場合には、ＥＨＣ１４０を通電状態とする。【選択図】図１

Steuervorrichtung, steuerungsverfahren und steuerungssystem

Eine Steuervorrichtung, die in einer Vorrichtung beinhaltet ist, (i) identifiziert eine erste Situation, die in einer Bedingung zum Auferlegen einer Regulierung für den Betrieb der Vorrichtung enthalten ist (S114, S131); (ii) identifiziert eine zweite Situation, die in einer Bedingung zum Aufheben der für den Betrieb auferlegten Regulierung enthalten ist (S111, S134); (iii) steuert, wenn die erste Situation nicht eine vorbestimmte erste Situation ist, in der der Betrieb reguliert ist, die Vorrichtung in einem ersten Modus, in dem ein vorbestimmter Betrieb der Vorrichtung erlaubt ist (S117, S133); (iv) steuert, wenn die erste Situation die vorbestimmte erste Situation ist, die Vorrichtung in einem zweiten Modus steuert, in dem der vorbestimmte Betrieb beschränkt ist (S116, S137); und (v) steuert, wenn die zweite Situation eine Situation ist, in der es wünschenswert ist, dass die Vorrichtung eher in dem ersten Modus als in dem zweiten Modus gesteuert wird, die Vorrichtung in dem ersten Modus, selbst wenn die erste Situation die vorbestimmte erste Situation ist (S113, S138).

画像形成装置

【課題】画像を形成するための媒体を上下方向に搬送するように設けられた搬送経路に対向して配置された複数の画像形成手段同士が隣接して設けられた構成と比較して、画像形成手段同士の間が換気されやすい構成の画像形成装置を得る。【解決手段】搬送経路に対向して配置され、複数の第１のトナー像形成部で形成されたトナー像を転写され、さらに、搬送経路を搬送される媒体に該トナー像を転写する、第１の中間転写ベルトと、を有する第１の画像形成手段と、第１の画像形成手段より媒体搬送方向における上流側に設けられ、媒体の搬送経路に対向して配置され、複数の第２のトナー像形成部で形成されたトナー像を転写され、さらに、搬送経路を搬送される媒体に該トナー像を転写する、第２の中間転写ベルトと、を有する第２の画像形成手段と、第１の画像形成手段と前記第２の画像形成手段とが離間することによって形成された換気用の通路と、を備える。【選択図】図１

Structural body for supporting a catalyst, and catalytic converter

To provide a catalytic converter that reduces non-uniformity of temperature of a catalyst support and that can approach a uniform temperature distribution, and a structural body for supporting a catalyst that structures this catalytic converter. At a catalyst support, gradually decreasing width portions, at which a width thereof gradually decreases toward electrode centers, are formed at regions where electrodes, are contactingly disposed, as seen in a cross-section orthogonal to a direction in which exhaust flows. The width is shorter than a length of a center line at a given position. Heat generation and heat dissipation of the catalyst support are balanced overall.

トランスミッションのための手動シフト操作用工具

【課題】ミッションケースに着脱可能なアクチュエータに、それの駆動力で軸方向移動及び回動が可能なシフトロッドが連結され、シフトロッドには、これの軸方向移動により選定可能な複数のセレクト位置が設定され、各セレクト位置でシフトロッドをアクチュエータにより回動させることで、シフトロッドがシフトフォークの被係合部の１つに係合してシフトフォークをシフト操作可能であるトランスミッションに対して、アクチュエータに代わり手動シフト操作用工具を用いて手動で容易的確にシフト操作できるようにする。【解決手段】手動シフト操作用工具Ｋは、ミッションケース１内に挿入可能なロッド部材２１と、ロッド部材に固定されシフトフォークＦ１〜Ｆ５の被係合部１１ａ〜１５ａに係合し得るカム部材２３と、ロッド挿入深さを規定する透明な台座板２５と、台座板の固定位置の調節手段とを備え、台座板が透孔を有する。【選択図】図５

画像形成装置

【課題】搬送ベルトと単一の中間転写ベルトのみとで記録媒体を挟む構成に比べ、第一中間転写ベルトと第二中間転写ベルトとの間の空間を小さくしながら、記録媒体に複数個所で画像を転写可能な画像形成装置を提供する。【解決手段】画像形成装置は、縦方向に延びる搬送経路に沿って配置され、記録媒体の片面に接触して該記録媒体を搬送する搬送ベルトと、前記搬送ベルトとで記録媒体を挟み且つ該記録媒体に画像が転写される第一中間転写ベルトと、前記第一中間転写ベルトの上側に配置され、前記第一中間転写ベルトと前記搬送ベルトとで挟まれた状態の記録媒体を該搬送ベルトとで挟み且つ該記録媒体に画像が転写される第二中間転写ベルトと、を備える。【選択図】図２

搬送案内装置、シート状物処理装置および粉体使用装置

【課題】シート状物を搬送経路に沿って案内する部分に接触させるよう誘導する誘導手段のうち前記案内する部分とは反対側の部分に付着して堆積する粉塵が剥落してシート状物を汚すことを、その誘導手段の非固定の端部の末端に前記案内する部分から離れる方向に突出する末端突出部を設けない場合に比べて抑制することができる搬送案内装置等を提供する。【解決手段】搬送案内装置１Ａは、シート状物９を搬送経路Ｒｔに沿って案内する部分２ｇを有する搬送案内手段２Ａと、固定される一端部３ｂとは反対側の非固定の他端部３ｃが、案内する部分２ｇにシート状物９の搬送方向Ｊ下流側になるにつれて接近した後に接触又は接近するよう配置されて、シート状物９を案内する部分２ｇに接触させるよう誘導する誘導手段３とを備え、誘導手段３は、他端部３ｃの末端に、案内する部分２ｇから離れる方向に突出する末端突出部３ｔが設けられている。【選択図】図１

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming member; a heating member; an opposing member that opposes the heating member; an urging member having one end attached to a first support member that supports the opposing member, the urging member urging the opposing member so that the opposing member presses a recording medium against the heating member; a moving member that moves from a closed position to an open position, a space accommodating the heating and opposing members being closed when the moving member is at the closed position and opened when the moving member is at the open position; and a cancelling member to which the other end of the urging member is attached and that is rotatably attached to a second support member that supports the heating member, the cancelling member rotating from the closed position to cancel a pressing force with which the recording medium is pressed.

触媒担持用構造体及び触媒コンバータ装置

【課題】触媒担体の温度ムラを少なくして均一な温度分布に近づけることが可能な触媒コンバータ装置、この触媒コンバータ装置を構成する触媒担持用構造体を得る。 【解決手段】触媒担体１４は、排気の流れ方向と直交する断面で見たとき、電極１６Ａ、１６Ｂが接触配置された部位では、その幅Ｗが電極中心１６Ｃへ向かって漸減する漸減幅部１４Ｄが形成される。幅Ｗは、任意の位置において中心線ＣＬの長さＬよりも短くなっている。全体として、触媒担体１４の発熱と放熱がバランスされる。 【選択図】図１

余寿命予測装置、余寿命予測方法、及びプログラム

【課題】ヒート間の化学組成の違いを考慮した上で、金属材料の余寿命を高い精度で予測する。 【解決手段】同一の規格であって異なるヒートにより製造された複数の金属材料の各々のクリープ破断強度値及びクリープ破断時間と、金属材料の各々の条件を示す材料条件データとを用いて学習された学習モデルに、所定の時間と、前記規格の金属材料であって現用の金属材料の材料条件データとを入力として与えて学習モデルの出力値を取得する。予測式に対して、取得した出力値を負荷応力として代入すると共に、予め定められる所定の温度を代入した場合に、予測式が算出するクリープ破断時間が、所定の時間に一致するように予測式を調整する。調整した予測式に、実使用温度と、実負荷応力とを代入して、現用の金属材料のクリープ破断時間を算出する。算出した現用の金属材料のクリープ破断時間から、実使用時間を減算して、現用の金属材料の余寿命を算出する。 【選択図】図１

Vehicle

ステープル針用リムーバ

【課題】綴り用紙を綴じたステープラ針を抜き取っても、その綴り用紙の針痕が残らないように見栄え良く抜き取りことができること。【解決手段】ステープル針１を用紙に打ち込まれてなる綴り用紙２の片面に露出したステープル針１の位置を特定し、特定された綴り用紙２とステープル針１の脚部１ａの間に、ステープル針１の中央本体部１ｂに直交する方向に挿入起立フォーク３０を挿入し、ステープル針１の脚部１ａの端部側を自由端として起立させ、ステープル針１の端部側を所定の状態に起立させる途中、または起立させた後、綴り用紙２に露出するステープル針１の中央本体部１ｂ側を、ステープル針１と綴り用紙２の面との距離を大きくするように、綴り用紙２とステープル針１の中央本体部１ｂ側との間に針抜き起立片４０を挿入し、ステープル針１及び綴り用紙２の特定を解除するものである。【選択図】図５

画像形成装置

【課題】加熱部材に対して対向部材が上方に配置されている構成において、解除部材が対向部材を支持する支持部材に支持されている場合と比して、筐体の高さを低くすることが可能な構成を提供することができる画像形成装置を得る。【解決手段】画像形成装置１０の解除レバー８６は、加熱ロール６０を支持する支持部材７２に軸部８８によって支持されている。これにより、加熱ロール６０に対して対向ロール６２が上方に配置される構成において、比較形態に係る画像形成装置のように解除レバー８６が対向ロール６２を支持する支持部材７４に支持される場合と比して、解除レバー８６の先端側の部分が対向ロール６２に対して上方に突出する突出量が減らされる。これにより、筐体１４の高さを低くすることが可能な構成が提供される。【選択図】図１

画像形成装置

【課題】開閉部材が２個設けられている構成において、夫々の開閉部材を用いて定着空間を外部に開放させる動作に、定着装置が記録媒体を加圧する加圧力の解除を連動させることができる画像形成装置を得る。 【解決手段】加圧ロール６２と加熱ロール６０との間に紙詰まり（ジャム）が発生した場合に、閉止位置に配置されている第一開閉部材９２を移動させて開放位置に配置すると、ロール間のニップ力が解除される。同様に、閉止位置に配置されている第二開閉部材９４を移動させて開放位置に配置すると、ロール間のニップ力が解除される。換言すると、開閉部材が２個設けられている構成において、夫々の開閉部材を用いて筐体１４の内部を外部に開放させる動作に、ロール間のニップ力の解除が連動する。 【選択図】図１

配管の余寿命評価方法

【課題】配管の余寿命評価の精度を向上する。【解決手段】一実施形態に係る配管の余寿命評価方法は、評価対象配管の外周の周長を測定するステップと、配管の外周の周長と前記配管の余寿命との相関に測定して得られた前記周長を入力することで前記評価対象配管の余寿命を評価するステップと、を備える。【選択図】図３

クリープ損傷箇所スクリーニング用ゲージ及び配管の寿命評価方法

【課題】寿命評価を行う前に予め対象となる配管を絞り込むスクリーニングを、効率良く、且つ、配管の仕様にかかわらず行うことができるようにした、クリープ損傷箇所スクリーニング用ゲージ及び配管の寿命評価方法を提供する。【解決手段】ゲージ本体２と、ゲージ本体２の前縁を切り欠くようにして形成され、前方から入り込んだ配管１００を受け止める受止部３と、受止部３に受け止められた配管１００に対して進退可能に、ゲージ本体２に取り付けられたロッド４と、ロッド４の先端４ｂの位置を表示する表示部とを備え、受止部３は、前方にいくにしたがって相互に離隔する一対の斜面３ａにより形成され、一対の斜面３ａは、ロッド４の進退経路ＣＬ１に対して同じ角度θで傾斜する。【選択図】図１

Katalytischer Konverter

Einen katalytischen Konverter vorzusehen, der eine Uneinheitlichkeit der Temperatur eines Katalysatorträgers reduziert und der eine einheitliche Temperaturverteilung erreicht. Ein katalytischer Konverter (12) weist einen Katalysatorträger (14), der aufgrund von Zufuhr von Elektrizität erhitzt wird, und ein Paar von Elektroden (16A, 16B) auf, die derart angeordnet sind, dass sie mit einer Außenperipherie des Katalysatorträgers in Kontakt stehen bei Betrachtung in einem orthogonalen Querschnitt, der orthogonal zu einer Richtung ist, in der das Abgas strömt. Durch Erhöhen eines Volumenwiderstandes der Elektroden (16A, 16B) über den der Stromzufuhrabschnitte der externen Kabel (30), die mit den entsprechenden Elektroden (16A, 16B) verbunden sind und zur Zufuhr von Strom zu den Elektroden dienen, wird eine bei den Elektroden erzeugte Wärme dem Katalysatorträger (14) zur Verfügung gestellt, und eine erzeugte Wärmemenge des Katalysatorträgers in Umgebungen der Elektroden wird erhöht, verglichen mit einer erzeugten Wärmemenge bei einem Innenabschnitt des Katalysatorträgers. Aufgrund dessen wird die erzeugte Wärmemenge des Katalysatorträgers in den Umgebungen der Elektroden als eine Wärmemenge geschaffen, die eine abgeführte Wärmemenge von den Umgebungen der Elektroden vorwegnimmt.

Katalytischer Konverter

Katalytischer Konverter (12), aufweisend: einen Katalysatorträger (14), der einen Katalysator zum Reinigen von aus einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine abgegebenem Abgas trägt und der aufgrund von daran angelegter Elektrizität erhitzt wird; und ein Paar von Elektroden (16A, 16B), die derart angeordnet sind, dass sie mit einer Außenperipherie des Katalysatorträgers bei gegenüberliegenden Positionen mit dem Katalysatorträger (14) dazwischen in Kontakt stehen bei Betrachtung in einem orthogonalen Querschnitt, der orthogonal zu einer Richtung ist, in der das Abgas strömt, und externe Kabel (30), die jeweils mit den Elektroden (16A, 16B) verbunden sind und Strom zu den Elektroden (16A, 16B) zuführen, und die mit Positionen verbunden sind, bei denen ein Abstand zwischen dem Paar von Elektroden (16A, 16B) lang ist bei Betrachtung in dem orthogonalen Querschnitt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch Erhöhen eines Volumenwiderstands der Elektroden (16A, 16B) über den der Elektrizitätszufuhrabschnitte von den externen Kabeln (30), die entsprechend mit den Elektroden (16A, 16B) verbunden sind und zum Zuführen von Strom zu den Elektroden (16A, 16B) dienen, eine bei den Elektroden (16A, 16B) erzeugte Wärme dem Katalysatorträger (14) zur Verfügung gestellt wird, und eine erzeugte Wärmemenge des Katalysatorträgers (14) in den Umgebungen der Elektroden (16A, 16B), verglichen mit einer erzeugten Wärmemenge eines Innenabschnitts des Katalysatorträgers (14), erhöht wird, und das Paar von Elektroden (16A, 16B) derart strukturiert ist, dass der Volumenwiderstand von den Positionen, bei denen die externen Kabel (30) verbunden sind, zu Richtungen allmählich oder stufenförmig höher wird, bei denen der Abstand zwischen dem Paar von Elektroden (16A, 16B) kürzer wird, bei Betrachtung in dem orthogonalen Querschnitt.

電子部品取付構造、定着装置、および画像形成装置

【課題】 電子部品の取付けのみでなく、その電子部品の取外しも容易な電子部品取付構造を提供する。【解決手段】 電子部品が装着方向（矢印Ｘ方向）に差し込まれることにより装着される、その電子部品が装着方向に通り抜け可能であって装着方向前面および後面にそれぞれ前面開口６１および後面開口６２が形成されるとともに、装着された状態の電子部品の穴５２１に入り込む突起６４が設けられた装着部６０を有する枠体１０３を備え、その突起６４が、後面側に、装着部６０に装着された状態の電子部品の穴５２１と干渉して、電子部品の前面開口６１からの抜き取りを阻止する立壁６４１を有し、前面側に、電子部品の装着部６０への前面開口６１からの差込みを許容するとともに、装着部６０に装着された状態の電子部品の、後面側への抜き取りを許容する斜面６４２を有する。【選択図】 図６

建物

【課題】動線を短くして部屋の床面積を最大にするとともに、設計の自由度を高めることができる建物を提供する。 【解決手段】水平断面四角形状の外周壁１を有する建物である。１階の十字形の構造壁線ｌ 1 、ｌ 2 に沿って構造材２ａ、２ｂ、２ｃ、２ｄが設けられているため、１階を４つの区画４１、４２、４３、４４に区分することができる。これらの区画内においては、間取りを自由に変更でき、設計の自由度を高めることができる。また、ある区画から他の区画へ移動する際の動線を短くすることができるので、廊下が不要であり、部屋の床面積を最大にすることができる。 【選択図】図１

駆動構造、定着器、および画像形成装置

【課題】駆動時における回転部材と駆動部材とのがたつきによる異音を防ぐ。 【解決手段】筒の周方向に回転する回転部材と、上記筒の端部と接触し、その筒の周方向へ駆動される駆動部材と、上記筒の端部に設けられた凹部と、上記駆動部材の内面に設けられ、上記凹部を通じて上記回転部材の外周面からない周面の方向へ突出し、駆動力を上記回転部材に伝える突出部と、上記駆動部材の内面に設けられ、その駆動部材の駆動方向の前方から上記突出部に近づくにつれて上記回転部材の外周面の外側から内側へと斜めに突き出した斜面とを備える。 【選択図】図９

車両用制御装置および車両用制御方法

【課題】駆動輪の状態がスリップ状態とグリップ状態との間で変化する場合に駆動用回転電機において急激に発生する余剰電力を効率よく消費する。 【解決手段】ＨＶ−ＥＣＵは、余剰電力が発生し（Ｓ１００にてＹＥＳ）、発生した余剰電力がしきい値を超えていた場合であって（Ｓ１０２にてＹＥＳ）、かつ、触媒温度が予め定められた値Ｔａ以下である場合（Ｓ１０４にてＹＥＳ）、ＥＨＣのオン時間を設定するステップ（Ｓ１０６）と、ＥＨＣをオンするステップ（Ｓ１０８）と、オン時間が経過した場合に（Ｓ１１０にてＹＥＳ）、ＥＨＣをオフするステップ（Ｓ１１２）と、余剰電力がしきい値以下である場合（Ｓ１０２にてＮＯ）、あるいは、触媒温度が予め定められた値Ｔａよりも大きい場合（Ｓ１０４にてＮＯ）、発生した余剰電力をバッテリで吸収する処理を実行するステップ（Ｓ１１４）とを含む、プログラムを実行する。 【選択図】図４

Electrically-powered vehicle

An EHC is configured to electrically heat a catalyst that purifies exhaust gas from an exhaust path of an internal combustion engine mounted on an electrically-powered vehicle, when a current passes through the EHC. A charger converts AC electric power supplied from an external power supply to a charging port into charging power of a power storage device by a power conversion path including an insulating transformer. The EHC is electrically connected to power lines which are provided on the primary side of the insulating transformer on the power conversion path, and to which a DC voltage is output. In a case where the EHC is operated when the vehicle travels, the charger converts the electric power from the power storage device into the DC voltage output to the power lines connected to the EHC, by a part of inverse conversion of power conversion at the time of external charging.

Sheet transport apparatus and image forming apparatus

A sheet transport apparatus includes a first transport device, a second transport device, a first guide member, and a second guide member. The first transport device transports a sheet. The second transport device is disposed downstream of the first transport device in a transport direction and transports the sheet. The first guide member is disposed between the first and second transport device such that the second transport device is closer to the first guide member than the first transport device and guides the sheet to the second transport device. The second guide member is disposed between the first and second transport device such that the first transport device is closer to the second guide member than the second transport device and guides the sheet to the first guide member while curving the sheet.

Vehicle and vehicular control method

An ECU executes a program including the steps of: determining whether an insulation resistance Ri is smaller than a threshold value Ri( 0 ); if the insulation resistance Ri is smaller than the threshold value Ri( 0 ), determining whether there is electric leakage between a vehicular body and an EHC and whether there is a possibility that there is electric leakage at a location other than a location between the vehicular body and the EHC; and if there is electric leakage between the vehicular body and the EHC, performing heating control.

Vehicle and control method of vehicle

A vehicle includes an engine, an electrically heated catalyst configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine, and a controller configured to control energizing power to the electrically heated catalyst. The controller is configured to determine the energizing power based on a vehicle speed of the vehicle and an acceleration of the vehicle, when energizing the electrically heated catalyst before the engine is started.