Diffraction grating, method of producing it, method of duplicating it, optical head device employing it and optical disk drive apparatus employing the optical head device

In a diffraction grating used in an optical head device leading light, diffracted light exiting from each of the plurality of areas is lead to a corresponding particular photo-detecting area of the photodetector. Each of the plurality of areas of the diffraction grating is produced either by first two-beam interference exposure to interference fringes from first divergent light from a position equivalent to a light emitting point on the light source of the optical head device and second divergent light form a position equivalent to a light receiving point corresponding to each photo-detecting area, or by second two-beam interference exposure to interference fringes from first convergent light converging at the position equivalent to the light emitting point on the light source and second convergent light converging at the point equivalent to the light receiving point corresponding to each photo-detecting area.

Procédé et appareil de mesure de la rotation d'un corps

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de mesure de rotation. Elle se rapporte à la détection de la rotation d'un corps rotatif 2 par formation, sur une surface périphérique, d'un dessin sous forme d'un réseau 3. Une source 4 de lumière cohérente projette un faisceau sur le réseau et la lumière de l'image d'ombres est détectée par un photocapteur 5. Le dessin d'image d'ombres est agrandi par rapport au dessin du réseau. De préférence, le réseau est formé par développement, par une suspension collodale de poudre magnétique, d'un dessin d'enregistrement magnétique formé avec une tête magnétique, si bien que le pas du réseau peut être très faible et nettement inférieur à 1mum. Application à la fabrication des codeurs rotatifs.

OPTICAL SCANNING DEVICE

An optical scanning device including a light source, a deflection device to deflect a light beam from the light source, an image focus optical system to focus the light beam deflected by the deflection device on a scanned surface to form an image thereon and scan a surface by the light beam deflected by the deflection device to form an image thereon, a light path switching device provided between the light source and the deflection device, which switches a light path of the light beam emitted from the light source to deflect the light beam on different timings such that the light beam scans different surfaces.

Optical scanning device

An optical scanning device including a light source, a deflection device to deflect a light beam from the light source, an image focus optical system to focus the light beam deflected by the deflection device on a scanned surface to form an image thereon and scan a surface by the light beam deflected by deflection device to form an image thereon, a light path switching device provided between the light source and the deflection device, which switches a light path of the light beam emitted from the light source to deflect the light beam on different timings such that the light beam scans different surfaces.

Object detection apparatus with detection based on reflected light or scattered light via an imaging unit

An object detection apparatus includes an incident optical system, which includes light source units and a combining unit combining light beams emitted from the light source units; a deflection unit including rotating reflection parts that deflect the light beams to scan and be irradiated on a predetermined range of an object; an imaging unit forming an image based on the light from the predetermined range of the object; and an optical detection unit detecting the object based on the light received via the imaging unit. Further the combining unit combines the light beams such that each of the combined light beams passes a single light path when projected onto a predetermined plane, and each of the light paths exists outside a region of the deflection unit when projected onto the first plane.

Optical pickup apparatus, optical data recording/reproducing apparatus, and optical data recording/reproducing method

An optical pickup apparatus used in an optical data recording/reproducing apparatus for reading/reproducing data on an optical recording medium, including a light source, a diffracting device configured to transmit a light beam and to diffract a light beam reflected from the optical recording medium, an optical device having a reflecting portion and a transmitting portion configured to reflect one part of the light beam emitted from the light source and to transmit another part of the light beam to the optical recording medium and from the optical recording medium, and a photodetecting device to detect the light beam from the optical recording medium for signal light detection, and the light beam reflected by the reflecting portion of the optical device for monitor light detection of the light source.

Laser radar device

Disclosed is a laser radar device including a modulated light beam generator that emits light beams to a target, a photodetector that receives reflected light; a reflected light condenser that condenses the reflected light; a rotator that rotates around a rotation axis; and mirrors included in the rotator that scan the light beams, and guide the reflected light to the reflected light condenser, wherein an angular detection range in a vertical direction is divided into a plurality of layers, wherein mirror surfaces of the mirrors are tilted by corresponding tilt angles relative to the rotation axis, the tilt angles being different from each other, wherein the modulated light beam generator emits the light beams in the vertical direction, the light beams having different emission angles, and wherein a difference between the emission angles corresponds to the angular detection range of one layer in the vertical direction.

VELOCITY DETECTING DEVICE AND MULTI-COLOR IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

A velocity detecting device includes an image-pattern acquiring unit that includes a laser light source and an area sensor that acquires a one-dimensional or a two-dimensional image. The image-pattern acquiring unit includes a lens between a moving member and the area sensor, irradiates a beam emitted from the laser light source to the moving member to make a scattering light of the moving member scattered from the moving member on the area sensor by using the lens, and acquires an image pattern at a predetermined time interval in association with movement of the moving member. A velocity calculating unit calculates the velocity of the moving member by computing the image pattern acquired by the image-pattern acquiring unit. The lens is a reduced optical system that projects a reduced object onto the area sensor.

Optical pickup unit and optical disk drive for accurate and stable information recording and reproduction

An optical pickup unit includes a light source of semiconductor laser chips of different light-emission wavelengths; a plurality of holograms placed between the light source and an optical recording medium, the holograms including at least one non-polarization hologram having a substantially uniform diffraction efficiency irrespective of the direction of polarization of incident light and at least one polarization hologram having a diffraction efficiency varying depending on the direction of polarization of incident light; and a wave plate provided between the optical recording medium and the polarization hologram. The returning beam of a light beam emitted from a selected one of the semiconductor laser chips is diffracted by the corresponding one of said holograms to be received by a light-receiving element. The wave plate turns the direction of polarization of the returning beam to a different direction from that of the emitted light beam.

Hologram element, production method thereof, and optical header

A method of producing a hologram element is disclosed that is able to prevent spread of a polymerization reaction and light leakage during exposure with interference light, and improve productivity in mass production. The hologram element is for transmitting, reflecting, diffracting, or scattering incident light, and includes a pair of substrates, an isolation member between the substrates that forms an isolated region, and a photo-sensitive recording material sealed in the isolated region. The hologram element includes a periodic structure formed by exposing the recording material to interference light. The interference light is generated by two or more light beams, or by using a master hologram. The recording material is formed from a composite material including a polymerized polymer or a polymerized liquid crystal. The periodic structure is formed by exposing the recording material to the interference light to induce the polymerization reaction and phase separation in the composite material.

OPTICAL SCANNING DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

P-polarized light beam passing through an fθ lens passes through a polarization beam splitter, is converted into S-polarized light beam by a quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, re-enters the polarization beam splitter, and is reflected at the polarization beam splitter in the −Z direction. An optical path of a light beam between a polygon mirror and the fθ lens, between the fθ lens and the polarization beam splitter, between the polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate, between the quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, between the reflecting mirror and the quarter-wave plate, and between the quarter-wave plate and the polarization beam splitter are in the same plane.

Optical pickup apparatus, optical data recording/reproducing apparatus, and optical data recording/reproducing method

An optical pickup apparatus used in an optical data recording/reproducing apparatus for reading/reproducing data on an optical recording medium, including a light source, a diffracting device configured to transmit a light beam and to diffract a light beam reflected from the optical recording medium, an optical device having a reflecting portion and a transmitting portion configured to reflect one part of the light beam emitted from the light source and to transmit another part of the light beam to the optical recording medium and from the optical recording medium, and a photodetecting device to detect the light beam from the optical recording medium for signal light detection, and the light beam reflected by the reflecting portion of the optical device for monitor light detection of the light source.

Diffraction grating, light source unit applying the same therein, and optical head device employing the same

A polarization diffraction grating includes two media having different orientation states arranged alternately and cyclically, wherein each boundary between the media forms an oblique rectangular shape.

Optical apparatus for recording/reproducing and reading/reproducing data on an optical recording medium, and method for using same

An optical pickup apparatus used in an optical data recording/reproducing apparatus for reading/reproducing data on an optical recording medium, including a light source, a diffracting device configured to transmit a light beam and to diffract a light beam reflected from the optical recording medium, an optical device having a reflecting portion and a transmitting portion configured to reflect one part of the light beam emitted from the light source and to transmit another part of the light beam to the optical recording medium and from the optical recording medium, and a photodetecting device to detect the light beam from the optical recording medium for signal light detection, and the light beam reflected by the reflecting portion of the optical device for monitor light detection of the light source.

Optical pickup apparatus having improved holographic optical element and photodetector

An optical pickup apparatus includes first and second light sources which selectively emit one of first and second light beams, the first and second light beams being different in wavelength, the wavelengths of the first and second light beams being appropriate for accessing first and second optical disks respectively. A coupling lens converts a corresponding one of the first and second light beams into a collimated beam. An objective lens forms a light spot on a corresponding one of the first and second optical disks by focusing the collimated beam. A holographic optical element receives a reflection beam of the light spot from one of the first and second optical disks and provides holographic effects on the reflection beam so as to diffract the reflection beam in predetermined diffracting directions depending on the wavelength of the reflection beam. A photodetector receives the reflection beam from the holographic optical element at light receiving areas and outputs signals indicative ...

Optical pickup unit and optical disk drive for accurate and stable information recording and reproduction

An optical pickup unit includes a light source of semiconductor laser chips of different light-emission wavelengths; a plurality of holograms placed between the light source and an optical recording medium, the holograms including at least one non-polarization hologram having a substantially uniform diffraction efficiency irrespective of the direction of polarization of incident light and at least one polarization hologram having a diffraction efficiency varying depending on the direction of polarization of incident light; and a wave plate provided between the optical recording medium and the polarization hologram. The returning beam of a light beam emitted from a selected one of the semiconductor laser chips is diffracted by the corresponding one of said holograms to be received by a light-receiving element. The wave plate turns the direction of polarization of the returning beam to a different direction from that of the emitted light beam.

Optical delay element

An optical delay element including a photonic crystal line defect optical waveguide is disclosed that has a large group refractive index and has small or nearly constant wavelength dispersion of the group refractive index in a wide wavelength region for practical use. The optical delay element includes a line defect optical waveguide formed in a photonic crystal structure, and the volume of the line defect optical waveguide is less than the volume of a single line defect optical waveguide. Thereby, the waveguide band of the line defect optical waveguide has two zero points in the third order dispersion curve of the line defect optical waveguide, and the sign of the third order dispersion curve is inverted near the zero points. Therefore, the waveguide band of the line defect optical waveguide is modified, and this enables expansion of the wavelength region having a large group refractive index, small wavelength dispersion of the group refractive index, and small wavelength dispersion of ...

Optical pickup apparatus, optical data recording/reproducing apparatus, and optical data recording/reproducing method

An optical pickup apparatus used in an optical data recording/reproducing apparatus for reading/reproducing data on an optical recording medium, including a light source, a diffracting device configured to transmit a light beam and to diffract a light beam reflected from the optical recording medium, an optical device having a reflecting portion and a transmitting portion configured to reflect one part of the light beam emitted from the light source and to transmit another part of the light beam to the optical recording medium and from the optical recording medium, and a photodetecting device to detect the light beam from the optical recording medium for signal light detection, and the light beam reflected by the reflecting portion of the optical device for monitor light detection of the light source.

Optical pickup apparatus having improved holographic optical element and photodetector

An optical pickup apparatus includes first and second light sources which selectively emit one of first and second light beams, the first and second light beams being different in wavelength, the wavelengths of the first and second light beams being appropriate for accessing first and second optical disks respectively. A coupling lens converts a corresponding one of the first and second light beams into a collimated beam. An objective lens forms a light spot on a corresponding one of the first and second optical disks by focusing the collimated beam. A holographic optical element receives a reflection beam of the light spot from one of the first and second optical disks and provides holographic effects on the reflection beam so as to diffract the reflection beam in predetermined diffracting directions depending on the wavelength of the reflection beam. A photodetector receives the reflection beam from the holographic optical element at light receiving areas and outputs signals indicative ...

Velocity detecting device and multi-color image forming apparatus

A velocity detecting device includes an image-pattern acquiring unit that includes a laser light source and an area sensor that acquires a one-dimensional or a two-dimensional image. The image-pattern acquiring unit includes a lens between a moving member and the area sensor, irradiates a beam emitted from the laser light source to the moving member to make a scattering light of the moving member scattered from the moving member on the area sensor by using the lens, and acquires an image pattern at a predetermined time interval in association with movement of the moving member. A velocity calculating unit calculates the velocity of the moving member by computing the image pattern acquired by the image-pattern acquiring unit. The lens is a reduced optical system that projects a reduced object onto the area sensor.

Optical scanning device and image forming apparatus

P-polarized light beam passing through an f lens passes through a polarization beam splitter, is converted into S-polarized light beam by a quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, re-enters the polarization beam splitter, and is reflected at the polarization beam splitter in the Z direction. An optical path of a light beam between a polygon mirror and the f lens, between the f lens and the polarization beam splitter, between the polarization beam splitter and the quarter-wave plate, between the quarter-wave plate and a reflecting mirror, between the reflecting mirror and the quarter-wave plate, and between the quarter-wave plate and the polarization beam splitter are in the same plane.

Optical pickup method, optical pickup device, and optical information processing apparatus

In an optical pickup method and device of the present invention, a grating unit separates a light beam, emitted by a light source, into a 0th order diffracted beam and 1st order diffracted beams. An objective lens focuses the diffracted beams, sent from the grating unit, onto a recording surface of an optical recording medium through a transparent substrate of the medium, so that a main spot is formed on the recording surface by the 0th order diffracted beam and sub-spots, interposing the main spot therebetween, are formed on the recording surface by the 1st order diffracted beams. A reflection beam detector receives reflection beams from the main spot and the sub-spots of the medium to generate detection signals from the received reflection beams. A control unit changes a pattern of the beams incident to the objective lens to correct a spherical aberration due to a deviation of a thickness of the substrate of the medium, and moves the grating unit relative to the light source to cancel ...

Diffraction grating, light source unit applying the same therein, and optical head device employing the same

A polarization diffraction grating includes two media having different orientation states arranged alternately and cyclically, wherein each boundary between the media forms an oblique rectangular shape.

Moving-member detecting device and image forming apparatus

A moving-member detecting device includes an image acquiring unit and a speed calculating unit. The image acquiring unit includes a light source configured to emit a light beam to a detecting position of a moving member; an area sensor configured to acquire image data of a one- or two-dimensional image; and an area-sensor control unit configured to acquire the image data. The image acquiring unit is configured to acquire pieces of image data of the moving member at first and second positions, respectively, in a moving direction of the moving member so as to acquire the piece of position image data for the second position when the moving member is at the second position after acquiring the piece of image data for the first position. The speed calculating unit is configured to calculate a moving speed of the moving member from the pieces of image data.

Optical pickup method, optical pickup device, and optical information processing apparatus adapted with spherical aberration correction for sub-spot tracking control

In an optical pickup method and device of the present invention, a grating unit separates a light beam, emitted by a light source, into a 0th order diffracted beam and 1st order diffracted beams. An objective lens focuses the diffracted beams, sent from the grating unit, onto a recording surface of an optical recording medium through a transparent substrate of the medium, so that a main spot is formed on the recording surface by the 0th order diffracted beam and sub-spots, interposing the main spot therebetween, are formed on the recording surface by the 1st order diffracted beams. A reflection beam detector receives reflection beams from the main spot and the sub-spots of the medium to generate detection signals from the received reflection beams. A control unit changes a pattern of the beams incident to the objective lens to correct a spherical aberration due to a deviation of a thickness of the substrate of the medium, and moves the grating unit relative to the light source to cancel shifting of sub-spot positions on the recording surface due to the spherical aberration correction, in order to generate a proper tracking error signal.

OBJECT DETECTION APPARATUS

An object detection apparatus includes an incident optical system, which includes light source units and a combining unit combining light beams emitted from the light source units; a deflection unit including rotating reflection parts that deflect the light beams to scan and be irradiated on a predetermined range of an object; an imaging unit forming an image based on the light from the predetermined range of the object; and an optical detection unit detecting the object based on the light received via the imaging unit. Further the combining unit combines the light beams such that each of the combined light beams passes a single light path when projected onto a predetermined plane, and each of the light paths exists outside a region of the deflection unit when projected onto the first plane. 1. An object detection apparatus comprising: a plurality of light source units, and', 'a combining unit configured to combine light beams emitted from the light source units;, 'an incident optical system including'}a deflection unit including rotating reflection parts that deflect the light beams to scan and be irradiated on a predetermined range of an object;an imaging unit configured to form an image based on reflected light or scattered light from the predetermined range of the object; andan optical detection unit configured to detect the object based on the reflected light or the scattered light received via the imaging unit,wherein the combining unit is configured to combine the light beams emitted from the light source units such that each of the combined light beams tra travels a single light path when the combined light beams are projected onto a first plane, andwherein each of the light paths exists outside a region of the deflection unit when the light paths are projected onto the first plane.2. The object detection apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the light source units include respective light sources and optical devices that change a state of the light beams ...

Optical delay element

An optical delay element including a photonic crystal line defect optical waveguide is disclosed that has a large group refractive index and has small or nearly constant wavelength dispersion of the group refractive index in a wide wavelength region for practical use. The optical delay element includes a line defect optical waveguide formed in a photonic crystal structure, and the volume of the line defect optical waveguide is less than the volume of a single line defect optical waveguide. Thereby, the waveguide band of the line defect optical waveguide has two zero points in the third order dispersion curve of the line defect optical waveguide, and the sign of the third order dispersion curve is inverted near the zero points. Therefore, the waveguide band of the line defect optical waveguide is modified, and this enables expansion of the wavelength region having a large group refractive index, small wavelength dispersion of the group refractive index, and small wavelength dispersion of ...

LASER RADAR DEVICE

Disclosed is a laser radar device including a modulated light beam generator that emits light beams to a target, a photodetector that receives reflected light; a reflected light condenser that condenses the reflected light; a rotator that rotates around a rotation axis; and mirrors included in the rotator that scan the light beams, and guide the reflected light to the reflected light condenser, wherein an angular detection range in a vertical direction is divided into a plurality of layers, wherein mirror surfaces of the mirrors are tilted by corresponding tilt angles relative to the rotation axis, the tilt angles being different from each other, wherein the modulated light beam generator emits the light beams in the vertical direction, the light beams having different emission angles, and wherein a difference between the emission angles corresponds to the angular detection range of one layer in the vertical direction. 1. A laser radar device comprising:a modulated light beam generator configured to emit light beams to a detection target, the modulated light beam generator including a light source and a coupling lens;a photodetector configured to receive reflected light which is reflected by the detection target, when the light beams emitted by the modulated light beam generator irradiate the detection target;a reflected light condenser configured to condense the reflected light and configured to guide the reflected light to the photodetector;a rotator configured to rotate around a rotation axis; andmirrors configured to scan the light beams in a horizontal direction, and configured to guide the reflected light to the reflected light condenser, the mirrors being included in the rotator;wherein an angular detection range in a vertical direction relative to a direction in which the light beams are emitted is divided into a plurality of layers,wherein the mirrors include corresponding mirror surfaces, wherein the mirror surfaces are tilted by corresponding tilt angles ...

MOVING-MEMBER DETECTING DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

A moving-member detecting device includes an image acquiring unit and a speed calculating unit. The image acquiring unit includes a light source configured to emit a light beam to a detecting position of a moving member; an area sensor configured to acquire image data of a one- or two-dimensional image; and an area-sensor control unit configured to acquire the image data. The image acquiring unit is configured to acquire pieces of image data of the moving member at first and second positions, respectively, in a moving direction of the moving member so as to acquire the piece of position image data for the second position when the moving member is at the second position after acquiring the piece of image data for the first position. The speed calculating unit is configured to calculate a moving speed of the moving member from the pieces of image data. 1. A moving-member detecting device comprising: 'a light source configured to emit a light beam to a detecting position of a moving member, an area sensor configured to acquire image data of a one- or two-dimensional image, and an area-sensor control unit configured to acquire the image data acquired by the area sensor in response to a trigger signal; and', 'an image acquiring unit including'}a speed calculating unit, whereinthe image acquiring unit is configured to acquire pieces of image data of the moving member at a first position and a second position, respectively, in a moving direction of the moving member so that the image acquiring unit acquires the piece of position image data for the second position when the moving member is at the second position after acquiring the piece of image data for the first position, andthe speed calculating unit is configured to calculate a moving speed of the moving member from the piece of image data for the first position and the piece of image data for the second position.2. The moving-member detecting device according to claim 1 , whereinthe image acquiring unit includes a ...

Foucsing lens system

Copying method by means of laser

光磁気情報記録再生装置

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical character generator

Optical information recording and reproducing device

Laser recording method

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical scanner

Optical information recording and reproducing device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Hologram optical scanner

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Light information recording and reproducing device

Variable magnification photoscanning recording device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical beam scanner

Hologram light deflector

Beam-splitting element

【課題】 この発明は、共通光源からのビームを分割する方式において、高効率で良好な温度特性を有する低コストな光束分割素子を提供することを目的とする。 【解決手段】 光学異方性を示す領域と光学等方性を示す領域からなる周期的な構造を有し、透過光または回折光が異なる温度特性を示すホログラム素子を光の入射側に対して、第１ホログラム素子１、第２ホログラム素子２及び第３のホログラム素子３と配列し、第１ホログラム素子１の透過および回折により光が分割され、第１ホログラム素子１の透過光が第３ホログラム素子３に与えられ、第１ホログラム素子１の回折光が第２ホログラム素子２に与えられ、第２ホログラム素子２の透過および回折により分割光の光軸が調整されると共に、第３ホログラム素子３の透過により第１ホログラム素子１からの分割透過光の光強度が調整される。 【選択図】 図１５

Focus detecting optical head

An optical head for detecting defocuses of a target comprises a waveguide element having a substrate and an optical waveguide layer formed thereon. An optical coupler and one or more pairs of photodetectors are integrated with the waveguide layer. Light reflected back from the target is coupled with the waveguide layer through the coupler and then waveguided toward the photodetectors while being collected. Each of the photodetectors can detect the waveguided light so that a focus error signal can be obtained from the difference of the outputs of the photodetectors. The photodetectors of each pair are spaced from each other in a propagation direction of the waveguide layer so that one of the photodetectors can block off a fraction of the waveguided light from the other photodetector when the target surface is in focus. In another form, two pairs of photodetectors are spaced forward and rearward from the focused position of the waveguided light, respectively, with respect to a propagation direction of the waveguide layer so as to receive different portions of the waveguided light.

Optical information record/read apparatus

An optical information record/read apparatus comprises a light source for emitting light, a converging optical system for converging the emitted light from the light source on the optical record medium so that the converged light is reflected by the optical record medium, and an optical waveguide element having a waveguide layer. A light coupling system is provided for coupling the reflected light from the optical record medium with the waveguide layer so that the light coupled with the waveguide layer is then propagated, as a guided light, within the waveguide layer. At least a part of the light coupling system is integrally formed with the optical waveguide element. A light detecting system for detecting the guided light propagated within the waveguide layer is integrally formed with the optical waveguide element. A waveguide reflection optical system for reflecting the guided light within the waveguide layer toward the light detecting system while converging the same is formed as a part of an end face of the waveguide layer.

Focusing lens system

Apparatus for converting optical information into electrical information signal, information storage element and method for storing information in the information storage element

An apparatus for converting optical information into an electrical information signal includes a plurality of one-dimensional conversion arrays arranged in parallel form. Each one-dimensional conversion array has first and second photoelectric conversion structures integrally formed. The first photoelectric conversion structure has photoelectric conversion elements each having a light receiving surface onto which an information light is projected. The second photoelectric conversion structure has photoelectric conversion elements each having a sweep light receiving surface onto which a sweep light is projected. The sweep light has a cross section which simultaneously scans the sweep light receiving surface of one of the photoelectric conversion elements included in each of the one-dimensional conversion arrays. The electrical information signal is read out from the photoelectric conversion elements provided in the first photoelectric conversion structure when the sweep light is projected onto the photoelectric conversion elements provided in the second photoelectric conversion structure.

Photo scanner device

A photo scanner device including a rotary disk having a plurality of holograms thereon and arranged in at least two concentric circles with respect to the axis of rotation of the disk, and a light source which generates a beam of light which is incident on the disk at a selected radial distance which may be varied so as to illuminate the holograms arranged on a selected concentric circle. The holograms on the same concentric circle each subtend the same angle from the axis, and the holograms on different concentric circles subtend different angles from the axis, thereby permitting the angle of scan to be switched by selection of the radial distance at which the beam of light is incident.

Information inputting method

Simultaneously scanner for plural beams

Method for inputting image and device therefor and electronic camera

(57)【要約】 【課題】 文書画像を高解像度で取り込むことができる ようにする。 【解決手段】 可動ミラー５を二次元方向に傾ける度に 可動ミラー５により偏向された被写体４の縦横に分割さ れた画像を結像光学系３により二次元固体撮像素子２に 結像する動作を複数回繰り返すことにより、被写体４の 画像を縦横に分割して取り込み、この一回毎に取り込ん だ被写体４の分割された分割画像を接続して一枚の画像 に合成する。これにより、文書画像の場合でも二次元固 体撮像素子２の画素数を増やすことなく解像度を高める ようにする。また、被写体４の画像領域を分割するため に可動ミラー５を傾ける場合に、被写体４に対する可動 ミラー５の傾きが大きくても、被写体４の画像を集光光 学系６により可動ミラー５に集光することで、画像の周 辺部における歪みや焦点ボケの発生を防止する。

Exposure device for color copying apparatus

Optical scanning device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical information recording and reproducing device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical scanner

Article detecting device

【課題】偏向手段及び複数の光源を備え、光ビームのけられによる光量の低下を抑制可能な物体検出装置を提供すること。 【解決手段】本物体検出装置は、複数の光源部、及び、各々の前記光源部から出射された光ビームを合成する合成手段を含む入射光学系と、前記入射光学系を介した前記光ビームを回転する反射部で偏向走査して物体の所定範囲に照射する偏向手段と、前記物体の所定範囲からの反射光又は散乱光を結像する結像手段と、前記結像手段を介した前記反射光又は前記散乱光により前記物体を検出する光検出手段と、を有し、前記合成手段は、各々の前記光源部から出射された光ビームを、所定の平面に投影したときに同一光路を通過するように合成し、前記入射光学系における光路は、前記所定の平面に投影したときに、前記偏向手段の領域外を通過する。 【選択図】図１

Hologram disk

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Beam splitting lens assembly

Two lens groups are arranged symmetrically on opposite sides of a mirror which may be a half-mirror or a dichroic mirror. The mirror is oriented perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens groups. A light image incident on the lens assembly at an angle to the optical axis is split into two beams, one beam being transmitted through the mirror and the other being reflected by the mirror. The refraction of the two beams is the same since the reflected beam passes through the front lens group twice. Where the mirror is dichroic the beams constitute color components of the light image above and below the cutoff wavelength of the dichroic mirror.

Laser recording method

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Plural lines simultaneous read method of information

ホログラム格子記録方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Information position detection

光導波路素子

【課題】光通信などに用いられる光導波路を安価に作製する方法として、フォトリソグラフィー法を利用して金型を作り、その金型を使って射出成形で溝部を有するクラッド基板を作成し、基板上にコア材料を塗布して、溝部以外の部分のコア材料を除去する方補が知られている。この方法ではコア材料除去が不完全になりやすく、また、基板も傷つきやすいため、迷光が発生しやすい。 【解決手段】液滴吐出ヘッド１と透明基板２を相対移動させながら、ヘッド１により、透明基板２の上に、透明基板２の屈折率より大きい屈折率を有する液体状コア材料１０を描画し、少なくとも１つのコア部３を形成し、例えばＵＶ光を照射してコア部３を固化させる。次いで、上部クラッド部となるべき樹脂材料４でコア部３を被覆し、基板５を載せてＵＶ照射し、樹脂材料４を固化させ光導波路素子６を得る。 【選択図】 図１

Optical scanner

ホログラム格子記録方法

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

光走査装置・画像形成装置

【課題】光源数を半減することができ、光路切り換えを高速且つ高精度に行え、さらにゴーストの発生を抑制できる光走査装置を提供する。 【解決手段】光源１からの光ビームの光路を切り換えながら該光ビームを異なるタイミングで偏向することにより、複数の異なる被走査面１２Ｋ、１２Ｍを走査する光走査装置において、光路切り換え手段が、電気光学効果を有する偏光切り換え素子２（ＰＬＺＴ）と、偏光分離素子としてのからなる偏向プリズム４から構成されている。位相差がついた２段ポリゴンミラー７の上段７ａからの反射光が走査光学系をへて感光体１２Ｋに書き込み中は、下段７ｂのポリゴンミラー面の反射光は遮光板１４にあたり感光体にゴースト像をつくることはない。 【選択図】図１

移動情報検出装置および多色画像形成装置

【課題】ピーク位置の推定誤差をなくし、リアルタイム検出に適した移動情報検出装置、およびこれを用いた多色画像形成装置の実現を課題とする。 【解決手段】移動情報検出装置は、光源と、該光源から射出されたビームを導光して、移動部材に照射するためのカップリングレンズと、複数の画素を有し、１次元もしくは２次元画像を取得可能なイメージセンサと、前記移動部材により散乱された散乱ビームを、前記イメージセンサ上に結像する結像レンズと、前記イメージセンサ上の画像パターンを時系列で取得する画像パターン取得手段と、取得時間の隣接した２つの画像パターンＰ１及びＰ２の相互相関関数を演算し、前記移動部材の速度や変位を算出する移動情報算出手段と、を有し、前記移動情報算出手段における前記相互相関関数の演算が、離散フーリエ変換を実行するステップと、周波数空間での背景除去処理を実行するステップを含むことを特徴とする。 【選択図】図１

光走査装置、画像形成装置、光束分割用回折光学素子、並びに回折光学素子の作成方法

【課題】共通の光源からの光束を分割して異なる段の偏向反射面に入射させ、異なる被走査面を走査する光走査装置であって、ビームスポット径の劣化の低減が可能な光走査装置および画像形成装置を得る。 【解決手段】光源と、複数の偏向反射面を副走査方向に備えた光偏向器と、光源からの光束を複数の偏向反射面のそれぞれに入射する複数の光束に分割する光束分割用回折光学素子と、光偏向器により偏向された光束を被走査面上に集光する走査光学系とを備え、光偏向器に入射した複数の光束がそれぞれ異なる被走査面上を走査する。 【選択図】図２

移動体変位検知装置、画像形成装置、及び移動体変位検知方法

【課題】無端状移動部材の変位量を高精細に検知することのできる無端状移動部材検出装置を提供することを目的とする。【解決手段】無端状移動部材検出装置１は、エリアセンサ７と、画像パターン取得手段９と、速度算出手段１２と、タイミング生成手段１１と、直交移動算出手段１３と、を備え、タイミング生成手段１１からの取得タイミングに基づいて取得された中間転写ベルト２のホームポジションにおける画像パターンＰの画像情報がメモリに記憶され、直交移動算出手段が、メモリ２に記憶された画像パターンＰの画像情報と、タイミング生成手段１１からの取得タイミングに基づいて取得された中間転写ベルト２のホームポジションにおける画像パターンＰの画像情報と、を比較して中間転写ベルト２の寄り方向Ｙの移動量（寄り量）を算出する。【選択図】図２

無端状移動部材検出装置、画像形成装置

【課題】無端状移動部材の変位量を高精細に検知することのできる無端状移動部材検出装置を提供することを目的とする。 【解決手段】無端状移動部材検出装置１は、エリアセンサ７と、画像パターン取得手段９と、速度算出手段１２と、タイミング生成手段１１と、直交移動算出手段１３と、を備え、タイミング生成手段１１からの取得タイミングに基づいて取得された中間転写ベルト２のホームポジションにおける画像パターンＰの画像情報がメモリに記憶され、直交移動算出手段が、メモリ２に記憶された画像パターンＰの画像情報と、タイミング生成手段１１からの取得タイミングに基づいて取得された中間転写ベルト２のホームポジションにおける画像パターンＰの画像情報と、を比較して中間転写ベルト２の寄り方向Ｙの移動量（寄り量）を算出する。 【選択図】図２

搬送装置、画像形成装置、及び移動体検知方法

【課題】移動部材の変位量を高精細に検知する。【解決手段】移動部材検出装置１は、コヒーレント光としてのレーザービーム５を中間転写ベルト２の表面に照射する光源４と、中間転写ベルト２の表面を二次元画像として取得可能であるエリアセンサ７と、中間転写ベルト２の移動とともに一定時間間隔でエリアセンサ７に結像されるスペックルパターンを画像パターンとして取得する画像パターン取得手段９と、該画像パターン取得手段９で取得した画像パターンを演算することにより中間転写ベルト２の速度および変位を算出する速度算出手段１１と、前記画像パターン取得手段９で取得した画像パターンを演算することにより中間転写ベルト２の端部を検出するエッジ検出手段としてのエッジ検知部１３と、を備える。【選択図】図２

光ピックアップ装置及び光ディスク装置

【課題】大型化及び高コスト化を招くことなく、光ピックアップ装置自体及び対物レンズの位置制御に必要な情報などを含む信号を精度良く安定して出力することができる光ピックアップ装置を提供する。 【解決手段】光源から出射された光束は光学素子５３及び対物レンズ６０を介して情報記録媒体１５の記録面に集光され、記録面で反射され対物レンズ及び光学素子５３を介した戻り光束は光検出器５９で受光される。例えば情報記録媒体の基板を透過する光束に光学的位相差が付与される場合には、基板を透過する光束に付与される光学的位相差とは逆極性の位相差が光学素子を透過する光束に付与されるように、所定の電圧が光学素子に印加される。これにより、光学的位相差の誤差が少ない戻り光束が得られ、例えば偏光性分岐光学素子を介して戻り光束を分岐する場合であっても、光検出器から出力される信号の信号レベル及びＳ／Ｎ比が低下するのを防止できる。 【選択図】　図２

光走査装置、画像形成装置及び光走査方法

【課題】光走査装置において、光源数を減らしながらも、ビームパワーのロスがなく、高速な画像出力を可能にする。 【解決手段】光走査装置は、感光体１１ａ，１１ｂを露光走査するためのレーザ光を出射する半導体レーザ１と、レーザ光の光路を切り換える光路切換素子４と、共通の回転軸を有し複数の段からなる回転多面鏡ユニット７と、を有する。光路切換素子４は、電気信号で切換動作を行い、その電気信号は、走査光の同期信号を基に生成される。 【選択図】図１

光走査装置、および画像形成装置

【課題】偏光双安定ＶＣＳＥＬを用いて、双安定領域において外部偏光光を与えることで偏光した出力光を直交する２方向に偏光方向を切り替える方法が知られている。この方法によれば、高速スイッチングが可能であるが、異なる偏光方向をもった２つの外部光が必要なため、装置が大きくなる。 【解決手段】双安定領域の外では、注入された電流値のレベルによっていずれか一方の偏光方向の発振が生ずることを利用し、双安定領域の下限より小さい電流値と、上限より大きい電流値とを切り替えて注入することにより、出力レーザ光を偏光分離素子に入力し、偏光分離素子から出射するレーザ光の出口を偏光方向によって異ならせ、相異なる感光体に導くことで１つの光源を用いて２つの感光体を時間分割出露光させることができる。この方法によれば、光源用ドライバの変更のみとなり、外見的な構成は従来と同じで済む。 【選択図】図２

光制御素子

【課題】 結合欠陥導波路の群速度遅延効果を保ちつつ、制御可能な光伝搬モードを与えられる、小型の群速度遅延効果と分散制御効果を有する光制御素子を提供する。 【解決手段】 結合欠陥構造の欠陥１５周りの複数のフォトニック結晶配列のフォトニック結晶１３ａについてその大きさを当該素子１全体を構成している他のフォトニック結晶配列１４のフォトニック結晶１３とは異ならせて、当該欠陥１５部分に異方性を持たせることにより、大きな分散制御効果と群速度遅延効果とを発揮できるようにした。 【選択図】 図７

速度検出装置、移動部材搬送ユニット、及び画像形成装置

【課題】移動部材の実速度を短時間で精度良く検出する。 【解決手段】速度検出装置５０は、移動部材Ｅにおけるレーザ光Ｌの照射箇所を撮影した画像データＤを、生成された撮影周期Ｔ毎に取得して、一の画像データＤ｛Ｎ｝の画像Ｇ｛Ｎ｝における一部分領域Ａ１に対応する第１部分データＤ１を抽出し、他の画像データＤ｛Ｎ＋１｝の画像Ｇ｛Ｎ＋１｝における上記一部分領域Ａ１の下流側にある他部分領域Ａ２に対応する第２部分データＤ２を抽出する。速度検出装置５０の速度検出部７０は、第１部分データＤ１及び第２部分データＤ２、生成された撮影周期Ｔ、及び相対距離Ｈに基づいて移動部材Ｅの実速度Ｖｒを検出する。生成部６４は、相対距離Ｈを撮影周期Ｔで除した除算値と、移動部材Ｅの目標速度と、の差の絶対値が最小となるように、撮影周期Ｔ及び相対距離Ｈを生成する。 【選択図】図１

光走査装置および画像形成装置

【課題】速応答性能確保の精度が非常に良い光走査装置および画像形成装置を提供する。 【解決手段】ＬＤ光源１０と、光源１０からの光ビームの光路切換を行う光路切換手段としての光路切換素子４と、光路切換素子４からの複数光路を異なるタイミングで偏向する偏向手段７と、偏向手段７によって偏向された光ビームを被走査面上に結像する結像光学系と、複数光路のうち少なくとも一つの光路のビーム光量を検知する光量検知手段２１から２４と、光量検知手段２１から２４からの検知信号に基づいて光路切換手段の電圧調整を行う電圧調整手段とを有する。 【選択図】図１０

液晶ホログラム素子

【課題】高効率で低コストな偏光選択性液晶ホログラム素子の提供。 【解決手段】光学異方性を示す領域と光学等方性を示す領域からなる周期的な構造を有し、前記周期的な構造は非重合性液晶と、重合性モノマーあるいはプレポリマーと、光重合開始剤とからなる組成物を一対の透明基板間に保持し、前記組成物を二光束以上の多光干渉露光することにより、主にポリマーから成る層と主に非重合性液晶から成る層との周期的な相分離構造を形成したポリマー分散液晶型のホログラム素子において、前記組成物の前記非重合性液晶の常光屈折率をｎｏ、前記重合性モノマーあるいはプレポリマーの屈折率をｎｐとすると下記式（１）、 ｜ｎｐ−ｎｏ｜＞０．００６ ・・・（１） の関係を満たす前記組成物を用いて前記周期的な構造が形成されてなり、前記周期的な構造の配列方向に略垂直な偏光成分が回折することを特徴とする液晶ホログラム素子を主な発明とする。 【選択図】図４

光ピックアップ装置・回折光学素子および回折光学素子の作製方法

【課題】光干渉露光により作製される回折光学素子において、トラック信号のオフセットや、ナイフエッジ法によるフォーカス信号の劣化を有効に回避する 【解決手段】光ピックアップに於いて、光記録媒体の記録面により反射された戻り光束を回折させて光検出手段に導光する回折光学素子５１’であって、実質的に０次回折光と＋１次回折光のみを生じるマスタ回折光学素子原版５１を用いる光干渉露光により作製され、フォーカス信号検出用の回折領域５１ａ’と、トラック信号検出用の回折領域５１ｂ’、５１ｃ’とを含む３以上の回折領域を有し、これら回折領域は、戻り光束を光検出手段の所定の受光領域５２ａ、５２ｂ、５２ｃに向けて回折させるように格子ベクトルＶ５０’、Ｖ５１’、Ｖ５２’が設定され、且つ、各回折領域同士が互いに重なり合わない。 【選択図】 図１

光路切換装置と光路切換制御方法と光走査装置及び画像形成装置

【課題】光ビームを２つの光路に切り換えた双方の光ビームの経時変化や温度変化による光強度の変動を補正して均一な光強度の光ビームにする。 【解決手段】ファラデー回転子８に変調磁界を印加してファラデー回転子８に入射する直線偏光の偏光方向を回転して出射させ、ファラデー回転子８から出射した光を偏光方向に応じて第１の光ビーム１５ａと第２の光ビーム１５ｂに切り換える。第１の光ビーム１５ａと第２の光ビーム１５ｂの光強度によりファラデー回転子８に印加する変調磁界をフィードバック制御して第１の光ビーム１５ａと第２の光ビーム１５ｂの最大光強度を等しくして光利用効率の低下を抑えながら光路切換装置３の組み付けの状態や経時変化及び温度変化に影響されずに同じ光強度の２つの光ビームを確実に出射する。 【選択図】 図１

偏光分離素子及びその製造方法、並びに光ヘッド装置及び光ディスクドライブ装置

【課題】短波長光においても大きな回折角度が得られ、大きな回折効率と優れた偏光選択性を有し、入射角度依存性が小さく発散光に対しても高効率の偏光分離素子を実現する。 【解決手段】本発明は、相分離により光学的異方性領域４と光学的等方性領域５からなる周期構造が形成される偏光分離素子１において、組成物に含まれる非重合性液晶の相分離前の複屈折Δｎ ＬＣ と、相分離により生成される周期構造の屈折率変調量Δｎ Ｈ との関係から、偏光分離素子の屈折率変調量Δｎ Ｈ を、 ０．１７７・Δｎ ＬＣ ≦｜Δｎ Ｈ ｜≦０．５３・Δｎ ＬＣ かつ、０＜｜Δｎ Ｈ ｜≦{２・(λ/ｄ)√(-cos２φ)} の関係に設定する。これにより周期的な相分離構造の形成が最適化され、高い回折効率と良好な偏光選択性を有する偏光分離素子が得られる。 【選択図】図１

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偏光分離素子の評価装置及びその評価方法

【課題】 偏光分離素子の屈折率変調量を精度良く特定し、効率良く評価する評価装置及び評価方法を提供することを目的とする。 【解決手段】 レーザ光源２１から偏光分離素子１０にレーザ光を照射して回折効率を測定する。この際に、温度制御手段２５を用いて偏光分離素子１０の温度を制御する。これにより、屈折率変調量と回折効率の関係（結合波理論）、及び回折効率の温度特性から、回折効率に対応する屈折率変調量を特定することが可能となり、偏光分離素子１０の屈折率変調量を算出することが可能となる。 【選択図】 図６

光走査装置

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

移動部材検出装置及び画像形成装置

【課題】温度変化等によらず移動部材の実速度を短時間で精度良く検出できる移動部材検出装置、その移動部材検出装置を有する画像形成装置を提供する。 【解決手段】移動部材検出装置５０において、移動部材Ｅに対して所定の２箇所であるＡ位置とＢ位置を設定する。Ａ位置をレーザ光源１１Ａで照射する。Ｂ位置をレーザ光源１１Ｂで照射する。Ａ位置の画像をエリアセンサ１２Ａで取り込む。Ｂ位置の画像をエリアセンサ１２Ｂで取り込む。Ａ位置の画像とＢ位置の画像の取り込みタイミングに時差Δｔを設ける。Ａ位置の画像とＢ位置の画像の相関から移動部材Ｅの実速度を求める。２つのエリアセンサ１２Ａ，１２Ｂを固定部材１３で固定する。固定部材１３を線膨張係数が０のようなガラス材料とする。 【選択図】図１

光制御素子

【課題】 複合コアを形成し、コアの屈折率を等価的に向上させた光制御素子を提供する。 【解決手段】 コアを備え、クラッドがコアの外層部分をなす光制御素子１である。コアは複合コア１３を構成する。この複合コア１３は、電気光学材料又は非線形光学材料で形成された薄膜層１１と、薄膜層１１より光屈折率が高い薄膜層１２とが積層されて構成されている。 【選択図】 図１