Residue image down/up sampling method and apparatus and image encoding/decoding method and apparatus using residue sampling

A residue image down- and/or up-sampling method and apparatus and an image encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus using the residue image down- and/or up-sampling method and apparatus are provided. The residue image downsampling method includes: generating a residue corresponding to the difference between an original image and a predicted image, for each image component of the original image formed with at least two or more image components; and downsampling the residue for each image component at a predetermined ratio. The residue image upsampling method includes: upsampling data downsampled from residue data of an original image; and restoring the original image by adding the predicted image to the upsampled residue of each component. According to the methods and apparatuses, a residue image is obtained by performing spatiotemporal prediction encoding first, and by sampling this residue image, loss of information occurring in the sampling process can be reduced. Since sampling ...

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks. 1. An image decoding method comprising:decoding, by performed using at least one processing device, luma blocks according to a luma decoding mode of each luma block; anddecoding chroma blocks by using one of chroma decoding modes corresponding to the luma decoding mode of each luma block,wherein both the luma decoding mode and the chroma decoding modes are associated with intra prediction.2. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks claim 1 , the decoding modes are determined by using the luma decoding mode of each luma block.3. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks claim 1 , the chroma blocks are decoded according to a majority of luma decoding modes of the luma blocks.4. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of a 4:2:0 image format claim 1 , a 4:2:2 image format claim 1 , and a 4:4:4 image format.5. The image decoding method of claim 4 , wherein one of the chroma decoding modes is identical to the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.6. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks claim 1 , the chroma block is decoded according to the luma decoding mode of the luma block having the same phase as the chroma block.7. The image decoding method of claim 6 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of the 4:2:2 image format and the 4:4:4 image format.8. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks comprises:determining whether given motion information ( ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes (a) decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and (b) decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks. 1. An image decoding method comprising:entropy-decoding a bitstream;decoding, by performed using at least one processing device, entropy-decoded luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block, to generate restored luma blocks; anddecoding entropy-decoded chroma blocks by using a first decoding mode dependent on the predetermined decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block or a second decoding mode independent of the predetermined decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block, to generate restored chroma blocks.2. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of chroma blocks claim 1 , the first decoding mode is determined by using the predetermined decoding mode of each luma block.3. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of chroma blocks claim 1 , the second decoding mode is determined independently of the predetermined decoding mode of each luma block.4. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of chroma blocks claim 1 , the chroma blocks are decoded according to a majority of decoding modes among the predetermined decoding modes of the luma blocks.5. The image decoding method of claim 4 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of a 4:2:0 image format claim 4 , a 4:2:2 image format claim 4 , and a 4:4:4 image format.6. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the decoding of chroma blocks claim 1 , the chroma block is decoded according to the decoding mode of the luma block having the same phase as the chroma block.7. The image decoding method of claim 6 , wherein the luma blocks and ...

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes (a) decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and (b) decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding image using image residue prediction

An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are disclosed. The encoding method comprises: obtaining a residue corresponding to a difference between the original image and a prediction image with respect to each component of the original image; encoding the residue of a predetermined component of the original image; restoring the encoded residue of the predetermined component and transforming the restored residue into a predetermined value including the restored residue value; and encoding prediction residues corresponding to differences between each of residues of components of the original image, which are not encoded, and the residue, which is restored and transformed into the predetermined value. Since prediction residues are encoded and decoded using correlations between residues of image components and image components, data amount is highly reduced. Also, since there is no quality loss in a picture generated by directly encoding an R-G-B image without transforming it into a Y-Cr-Cb ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks. 1. An image decoding apparatus comprising:a decoding unit, implemented by using at least one processing device, configured to decode luma blocks according to a luma decoding mode of each luma block, and to decode chroma blocks by using one of chroma decoding modes corresponding to the luma decoding mode of each luma block,wherein both the luma decoding mode and the chroma decoding modes are associated with intra prediction.2. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the chroma decoding modes are determined by using the luma decoding mode of each luma block.3. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the chroma blocks are decoded according to a majority of luma decoding modes of the luma blocks.4. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of a 4:2:0 image format claim 1 , a 4:2:2 image format claim 1 , and a 4:4:4 image format.5. The image decoding apparatus of claim 4 , wherein one of the chroma decoding modes is identical to the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.6. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the chroma block is decoded according to the luma decoding mode of the luma block having the same phase as the chroma block.7. The image decoding apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of the 4:2:2 image format and the 4:4:4 image format.8. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the decoding unit is configured to:determine whether given motion information (MI) indicates a luma decoding mode of the luma block to be decoded; andif it is determined that the MI indicates the luma decoding mode of the luma block to be decoded ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes (a) decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and (b) decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks. 1. An image decoding apparatus comprising:an entropy decoder to entropy-decode a bitstream; anda decoding unit, implemented by using at least one processing device, to decode entropy-decoded luma blocks according to a luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block, and to decode entropy-decoded chroma blocks by using one of chroma decoding modes corresponding to the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.2. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the chroma decoding modes are determined by using the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.3. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the entropy-decoded chroma blocks are decoded according to a majority of luma decoding modes of the luma blocks.4. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the entropy-decoded luma blocks and the entropy-decoded chroma blocks have one of a 4:2:0 image format claim 1 , a 4:2:2 image format claim 1 , and a 4:4:4 image format.5. The image decoding apparatus of claim 4 , wherein one of the chroma decoding modes is identical to the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.6. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the entropy-decoded chroma block is decoded according to the luma decoding mode of the entropy-decoded luma block having the same phase as the entropy-decoded chroma block.7. The image decoding apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of the 4:2:2 image format and the 4:4:4 image format.8. The image decoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the decoding unit is configured to:determine whether given motion information (MI) indicates a luma decoding mode of the entropy- ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF ENCODING VIDEO AND APPARATUS AND METHOD OF DECODING ENCODED VIDEO

A method and apparatus for encoding a video and a method and apparatus for decoding the encoded video are provided. The video encoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit encoding a main image and an auxiliary image and generating encoded main image data and encoded auxiliary image data; and a bitstream packing unit combining the encoded auxiliary image data to the encoded main image data and thus packing the data as one bitstream. The video decoding apparatus includes: a bitstream unpacking unit unpacking a bitstream packed by combining encoded auxiliary image data to encoded main image data, and separating the encoded main image data and the encoded auxiliary image data; and a decoding unit decoding the separated encoded main image data and auxiliary image data and generating a restored image.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks.

Method for operating portable terminal to reduce power during support of communication service and portable terminal supporting the same

A method for operating a portable terminal so as to reduce power consumption during the support of a communication service and a portable terminal supporting the same is provided. The method includes activating a Radio Frequency (RF) communication unit, downloading a part of data of predetermined contents through the RF communication unit, buffering the downloaded part of the data in a buffer so as to output the buffered downloaded part of the data, and executing an idle time for terminating or reducing a power supply of the RF communication unit when the downloading of the part of the data of the predetermined contents is completed.

METHOD, MEDIUM AND SYSTEM ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE

An encoding method, medium, and system encoding an image, with an image being encoded by generating a plurality of image slices as images of each color component of the image and encoding the image slices in parallel with each other and independently of each other. Accordingly, although an image to be encoded has a large number of color components, the image can be compressed promptly. In addition, a decoding method, medium, and system are also provided decoding an image, with a plurality of encoded image slices being included in a corresponding bitstream, which are images of each color component of the image to be restored, are decoded in parallel with each other and independently of each other so as to restore the image using the decoded image slices. Accordingly, although an image to be decoded has a large number of color components, the image can be restored promptly. 1. An apparatus for decoding image data from a bitstream , comprising:a decoding unit, implemented by at least one processing device, to check an encoding type information included in the bitstream and to separately decode three color components of 4:4:4 chroma format based on the encoding type information, each of three color components including each of a plurality of encoded image slices included in the bitstream, independency in decoding between the three color components,wherein each of the plurality of encoded image slices contains one of the three color components.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the decoding unit decodes each of the plurality of encoded image slices in parallel.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the image slices have been generated by dividing the image data spatially.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the apparatus does not implement a deblocking filter at a boundary between adjacent image slices when the decoding unit decodes each of a plurality of encoded image slices.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the image slices have been generated by ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE

An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image are provided. The image decoding method includes (a) decoding luma blocks according to a predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks, and (b) decoding chroma blocks according to the predetermined decoding mode of each of the luma blocks. 19-. (canceled)10. An image decoding method comprising:entropy-decoding a bitstream;decoding, by performed using at least one processing device, entropy-decoded luma blocks according to a luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block, to generate restored luma blocks; anddecoding entropy-decoded chroma blocks by using one of chroma decoding modes dependent on the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block, to generate restored chroma blocks.111. The image decoding method of claim , wherein , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks , the decoding modes are determined by using the luma decoding mode of each luma block.121. The image decoding method of claim , wherein , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks , the chroma blocks are decoded according to a majority of luma decoding modes of the luma blocks.131. The image decoding method of claim , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of a 4:2:0 image format , a 4:2:2 image format , and a 4:4:4 image format.144. The image decoding method of claim , wherein one of the chroma decoding modes is identical to the luma decoding mode of each entropy-decoded luma block.151. The image decoding method of claim , wherein , in the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks , the chroma block is decoded according to the luma decoding mode of the luma block having the same phase as the chroma block.166. The image decoding method of claim , wherein the luma blocks and the chroma blocks have one of the 4:2:2 image format and the 4:4:4 image format.171. The image decoding method of claim , wherein the decoding of entropy-decoded chroma blocks comprises:determining whether given ...

Method for Preparing Synthetic Natural Gas

A method for preparing synthetic natural gas (SNG) is provided. More particularly, a method for preparing synthetic natural gas is provided, in which synthetic gas generated after fuel gasification and dust collection is subjected to a first methane synthesis reaction; only part of the gas is subjected to a water gas shift reaction and the remaining gas bypasses; the mixed gas prepared by mixing the gas passed through the water gas shift reaction and the gas bypassing the water gas shift reaction is subjected to a second methane synthesis reaction; and thereby heat of the methane synthesis reaction can be controlled and catalyst life can be lengthened. 1. A method for preparing synthetic natural gas (SNG) , the method comprising:subjecting synthetic gas generated after fuel gasification and dust collection in a saturated state mixed with steam to a first methane synthesis reaction (Step 1); andsubjecting part of synthetic gas emitted from the first methane synthesis reaction to a water gas shift reaction and bypassing the remaining gas without subjecting it to the water gas shift reaction, and then subjecting the mixed gas mixed of the bypassed synthetic gas and the synthetic gas emitted from the water gas shift reaction to a second methane synthesis reaction (Step 2).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is a hydrocarbon-based raw material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a mole ratio of H/CO in the synthetic gas of Step 1 is 0.5 to 1.0.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising performing a methane active reaction after the second methane synthesis reaction.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a desulfurization process after the dust collection.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the synthetic gas emitted from the first methane synthesis reaction to 300 to 350° C.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the synthetic gas emitted from the water gas shift reaction to 280 to 320° C.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1a processor to obtain a predicted direction of luma component of the current image and a predicted direction of chroma components corresponding to the predicted direction of luma component in one of predetermined decoding modes; anda decoder to decode the predicted image of the current image based on the predicted direction of the luma and chroma components,wherein the predicted direction of chroma components is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.. An apparatus for decoding a predicted image of a current image, the apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/598,681, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/735,814, filed on Nov. 14, 2005, the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0049079, filed on May 30, 2006 and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0110225, filed on May 30, 2006, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.1. Field of the InventionAn embodiment of the present invention relates to a method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image.2. Description of the Related ArtGenerally, when an image is captured, the image is captured in a RGB format. However, when the captured image is compressed, the image is typically transformed to an image of a YUV or YCbCr format. In this case, Y is a luminance component, such as a black and white image, and U (or Cb) and V (or Cr) are chrominance components of the corresponding image. Information is typically evenly ...

IMAGE ENCODING AND DECODING APPARATUS AND METHOD

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image. 1decoding a residue of a block, from a bitstream;obtaining variables for weighted prediction, including at least one multiplied value (W) and at least one additive value (O), wherein the additive value is obtained according to a bit depth of a pixel, when the weighted prediction is applied to the block;obtaining a predicted pixel value of the block using the weighted prediction based on the variables; andreconstructing the block by using the decoded residue and the predicted pixel value,{'sup': '(N−M)', 'wherein the additive value is obtained based on a value of 2, where N represents the bit depth of the pixel and M represents a constant.'}. An image decoding method comprising: This application is a ...

Method for operating portable terminal to reduce power during support of communication service and portable terminal supporting the same

A method for operating a portable terminal so as to reduce power consumption during the support of a communication service and a portable terminal supporting the same is provided. The method includes activating a Radio Frequency (RF) communication unit, downloading a part of data of predetermined contents through the RF communication unit, buffering the downloaded part of the data in a buffer so as to output the buffered downloaded part of the data, and executing an idle time for terminating or reducing a power supply of the RF communication unit when the downloading of the part of the data of the predetermined contents is completed.

Surgical Navigation System For Registering Coordinates of Patient-Customized Tool

A surgical navigation system for registering coordinates of a patient-customized tool, according to one embodiment, comprises: an electromagnetic wave generation unit for generating an electromagnetic wave; an electromagnetic sensor provided in a patient-customized tool and including a coil through which the electromagnetic wave passes; and a processing unit for calculating the position and the orientation of the electromagnetic sensor on the basis of magnetic flux, which is interlinked with the coil, and calculating the position and the orientation of the patient-customized tool on the basis of the position and the orientation of the electromagnetic sensor. 1. A surgical navigation system for registering coordinates of a patient-specific instrument (PSI) , the surgical navigation system comprising:an electromagnetic wave generation unit configured to generate an electromagnetic wave;an electromagnetic sensor installed in the PSI, the electromagnetic sensor comprising a coil through which the electromagnetic wave passes; anda processing unit configured to calculate a position and an orientation of the electromagnetic sensor based on magnetic flux interlinked with the coil, and to calculate the position and the orientation of the PSI based on the position and the orientation of the electromagnetic sensor.2. The surgical navigation system of claim 1 , wherein the processing unit is configured to calculate the position and the orientation of the electromagnetic sensor based on frequencies orthogonal to each other in the magnetic flux interlinked with the coil.3. The surgical navigation system of claim 2 , wherein the processing unit is configured to calculate the magnetic flux based on an induced electromotive force generated in the coil in response to the electromagnetic wave passing through the coil.4. The surgical navigation system of claim 1 , wherein the processing unit is integrated with the electromagnetic sensor to be installed together in the PSI.5. The ...

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

An image decoding apparatus is provided. The image decoding apparatus includes a processor which obtains information about a color representation from a bitstream, obtains a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, from the bitstream, and reconstructs the current image by using the residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation.

Method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding an image using image slices

An encoding method, medium, and system encoding an image, with an image being encoded by generating a plurality of image slices as images of each color component of the image and encoding the image slices in parallel with each other and independently of each other. Accordingly, although an image to be encoded has a large number of color components, the image can be compressed promptly. In addition, a decoding method, medium, and system are also provided decoding an image, with a plurality of encoded image slices being included in a corresponding bitstream, which are images of each color component of the image to be restored, are decoded in parallel with each other and independently of each other so as to restore the image using the decoded image slices. Accordingly, although an image to be decoded has a large number of color components, the image can be restored promptly.

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND SYSTEM ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING IMAGE SLICES

An encoding method, medium, and system encoding an image, with an image being encoded by generating a plurality of image slices as images of each color component of the image and encoding the image slices in parallel with each other and independently of each other. Accordingly, although an image to be encoded has a large number of color components, the image can be compressed promptly. In addition, a decoding method, medium, and system are also provided decoding an image, with a plurality of encoded image slices being included in a corresponding bitstream, which are images of each color component of the image to be restored, are decoded in parallel with each other and independently of each other so as to restore the image using the decoded image slices. Accordingly, although an image to be decoded has a large number of color components, the image can be restored promptly. 1. An apparatus for decoding image data , the apparatus comprising:a decoding unit including at least one processing device, to decode color components from a bitstream based on information related to a chroma format, so as to generate a reconstructed picture; anda filtering unit to perform deblocking filtering on the reconstructed picture, except at least one of upper and left boundaries of each of slices in the reconstructed picture, based on information related to a filtering process from the bitstream.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the decoding unit decodes each slice in parallel.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein each slice is generated by dividing the image data spatially.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein each slice is generated by dividing the image data temporally.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the information related to the chroma format comprises a relationship between the color components and slices indicating whether respective slices contain each of the color components. This application is a U.S. continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 13/604,249 filed in the ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1a processor to obtain a predicted direction of luma component of the current image and a predicted direction of chroma components corresponding to the predicted direction of luma component in one of predetermined decoding modes; anda decoder to decode the predicted image of the current image based on the predicted direction of the luma and chroma components,wherein the predicted direction of chroma components is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.. An apparatus for decoding a predicted image of a current image, the apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/598,681, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/735,814, filed on Nov. 14, 2005, the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0049079, filed on May 30, 2006 and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0110225, filed on May 30, 2006, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.1. Field of the InventionAn embodiment of the present invention relates to a method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image.2. Description of the Related ArtGenerally, when an image is captured, the image is captured in a RGB format. However, when the captured image is compressed, the image is typically transformed to an image of a YUV or YCbCr format. In this case, Y is a luminance component, such as a black and white image, and U (or Cb) and V (or Cr) are chrominance components of the corresponding image. Information is typically evenly ...

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Method of Reducing a Blocking Artifact When Coding Moving Picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S, S, and S, which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion. 1. (canceled)2. A computer-implemented method comprising:obtaining a first pixel and a second pixel of a first block and a third pixel and a fourth pixel of a second block, the second pixel and the third pixel being neighboring to each other and separated by a boundary between the first and second blocks, the first pixel, the second pixel, the third pixel, and the fourth pixel being successive in a horizontal or vertical direction; and obtaining an adjustment value using a difference between the first pixel and the fourth pixel and a difference between the second pixel and the third pixel, and', 'adjusting the second pixel by adding the adjustment value to a value of the second pixel and adjusting the third pixel by subtracting the adjustment value from a value of the third pixel., 'performing a filtering operation on the boundary between the first and second blocks, wherein the filtering operation includes3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the obtaining the adjustment value comprises:applying a first constant to the difference between the first pixel and the fourth pixel, andapplying a second constant to the difference between the second pixel and the third pixel.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the first ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1. A method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining information indicating whether at least one non-zero coefficient is included in a transform block of a predetermined size;obtaining a residue by inverse-transforming the transform block using the information; andrestoring a current image by using the predicted block and the residue,wherein the predicted direction of the chroma component is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.2. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable code to control at least one processing device to implement a method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining information indicating whether at least one non-zero coefficient is included in a transform block of a predetermined size;obtaining a residue by inverse-transforming the transform block using the information; andrestoring a current image by using the predicted block and the residue,wherein the predicted direction of the ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1. A method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining a residue by decoding a bitstream; andrestoring a current image by using the obtained predicted block and the obtained residue,wherein the predicted direction of the chroma component is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.2. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable code to control at least one processing device to implement a method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining a residue by decoding a bitstream; andrestoring a current image by using the obtained predicted block and the obtained residue,wherein the predicted direction of the chroma component is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/518,205, filed on Oct. 20, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/598,681, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,934,541, issued on Jan. 13, ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1. A method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining information indicating whether at least one non-zero coefficient is included in a transform block of a predetermined size;obtaining a residue by inverse-transforming the transform block using the information; andrestoring a current image by using the predicted block and the residue,wherein the predicted direction of the chroma component is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.2. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable code to control at least one processing device to implement a method of decoding an image , the method comprising:obtaining a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block;obtaining a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes;obtaining a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component;obtaining information indicating whether at least one non-zero coefficient is included in a transform block of a predetermined size;obtaining a residue by inverse-transforming the transform block using the information; andrestoring a current image by using the predicted block and the residue,wherein the predicted direction of the ...

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

An image decoding method is provided. The image decoding method includes obtaining information about a color representation from a bitstream, entropy decoding a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, and reconstructing the current image by using the entropy decoded residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND SYSTEM ENCODING AND/OR DECODING MOVING PICTURES BY ADAPTIVELY APPLYING OPTIMAL PREDICTION MODES

A method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding a moving picture. The moving picture encoding method may include selecting a prediction mode that is optimal for the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components of a current image based on the characteristics of a predetermined image, generating a predicted image for the current image according to the selected prediction mode, and encoding a moving picture using the predicted image. An optimal prediction mode can be adaptively applied to the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components, thereby increasing the moving picture's encoding and decoding efficiencies. 1a predicted image generation unit to entropy decode a bitstream at a block level to restore intra prediction mode information, to obtain, from the restored intra prediction mode information, an intra luma prediction mode of a luma component of a current block, to obtain an intra chroma prediction mode of a chroma component corresponding to the intra luma prediction mode of the luma component according to one of predetermined modes, wherein the intra chroma prediction mode of the chroma component is identical to the intra luma prediction mode of the luma component, and to obtain a predicted block using the intra chroma prediction mode of the chroma component; anda restored image generation unit to obtain residue by decoding the bitstream, and obtain a restored image using the obtained residue and the obtained predicted block,wherein the intra luma prediction mode and the intra chroma prediction mode are used to determine a reference pixel from among adjacent pixels in a previously restored block when obtaining the predicted block.. A decoding apparatus comprising: This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/717,208, filed Mar. 13, 2007 and which is pending, and claims the benefit of Provisional Application No. 60/781,379 filed Mar. 13, 2006 and Korean Application No 10-2006- ...

Method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding moving pictures by adaptively applying optimal prediction modes

A method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding a moving picture. The moving picture encoding method may include selecting a prediction mode that is optimal for the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components of a current image based on the characteristics of a predetermined image, generating a predicted image for the current image according to the selected prediction mode, and encoding a moving picture using the predicted image. An optimal prediction mode can be adaptively applied to the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components, thereby increasing the moving picture's encoding and decoding efficiencies.

MOVING PICTURE CODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

An image decoding apparatus is provided. The image decoding apparatus includes a processor which obtains information about a color representation from a bitstream, obtains a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, from the bitstream, and reconstructs the current image by using the residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation. 1. An image decoding apparatus comprising:a processor which obtains information about a color representation from a bitstream, entropy decodes a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, from the bitstream, and reconstructs the current image by using the entropy decoded residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation,wherein the processor is configured to obtain a prediction direction of a chroma component from among a plurality of prediction modes associated with a prediction direction of a luma component, wherein the plurality of prediction modes include a first mode in which the prediction direction of the chroma component is identical to the prediction direction of the luma component and a second mode in which the prediction direction of the chroma component is different from the prediction direction of the luma component, and to obtain the predicted image based on the prediction direction of the luma component and the prediction direction of the chroma component.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the information about the color representation indicates a color space into which color components are represented. This application is a continuation application of pending application U.S. Ser. No. 14/597,627 filed in the United States on Jan. 15, 2015, which is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 11/405,420 filed in the United States on Apr. 18, 2006 now patented as U.S. Pat. No. 8,928,476, which claims the ...

IMAGE ENCODING AND DECODING APPARATUS AND METHOD

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image. 1a weighted prediction unit configured:to obtain variables for weighted prediction, including at least one multiplied value (W) and at least one additive value (O), wherein the additive value is obtained according to a bit depth of a pixel, when the weighted prediction is applied to a block; andto obtain a predicted pixel value of the block using the weighted prediction based on the variables,{'sup': '(N-M)', 'wherein the additive value is obtained based on a value of 2, where N represents the bit depth of the pixel and M represents a constant.'}. An image decoding apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/893,253, filed on Jul. 19, 2004, in the U.S. ...

IMAGE ENCODING AND DECODING APPARATUS AND METHOD

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image. 1. An image encoding method comprising:obtaining variables for weighted prediction, including at least one multiplied value (W) and at least one additive value (O), wherein the additive value is adjusted according to a bit depth of a pixel, when the weighted prediction is applied to the block; andobtaining a predicted pixel value of the block using the weighted prediction based on the variables,{'sup': '(N-M)', 'wherein the additive value is obtained based on a value of 2, where N represents the bit depth of the pixel and M represents a constant.'}2. An image encoding apparatus comprising: to obtain variables for weighted prediction, including at least one multiplied value (W) and at least one additive ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND SYSTEM ENCODING AND/OR DECODING MOVING PICTURES BY ADAPTIVELY APPLYING OPTIMAL PREDICTION MODES

A method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding a moving picture. The moving picture encoding method may include selecting a prediction mode that is optimal for the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components of a current image based on the characteristics of a predetermined image, generating a predicted image for the current image according to the selected prediction mode, and encoding a moving picture using the predicted image. An optimal prediction mode can be adaptively applied to the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components, thereby increasing the moving picture's encoding and decoding efficiencies. 1. A decoding method comprising:entropy decoding a bitstream at a block level to restore intra prediction mode information;obtaining, from the restored intra prediction mode information, an intra luma prediction mode of a luma component of a current block;obtaining an intra chroma prediction mode of a chroma component corresponding to the intra luma prediction mode of the luma component according to one of predetermined modes, wherein the intra chroma prediction mode of the chroma component is identical to the intra luma prediction mode of the luma component;obtaining a predicted block using the intra chroma prediction mode of the chroma component;obtaining residue by decoding the bitstream; andobtaining a restored image using the obtained residue and the obtained predicted block,wherein the intra luma prediction mode and the intra chroma prediction mode are used to determine a reference pixel from among adjacent pixels in a previously restored block when obtaining the predicted block.2. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer readable code to control at least one processing device to implement a decoding method , the method comprising:entropy decoding a bitstream at a block level to restore intra prediction mode information;obtaining, from the restored intra prediction mode ...

METHOD, MEDIUM, AND APPARATUS ENCODING AND/OR DECODING AN IMAGE USING THE SAME CODING MODE ACROSS COMPONENTS

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components. 1a processor to obtain a predicted direction of a luma component of a current block, to obtain a predicted direction of a chroma component corresponding to the predicted direction of the luma component according to one of predetermined decoding modes, to obtain a predicted block based on the predicted direction of the chroma component, to obtain a residue by decoding a bitstream, and to restore a current image by using the obtain predicted image and the obtained residue,wherein the predicted direction of the chroma component is identical to the predicted direction of the luma component.. An apparatus of decoding an image, the apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/518,205, filed on Oct. 20, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/598,681, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,934,541, issued on Jan. 13, 2015, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/735,814, filed on Nov. 14, 2005, the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0049079, filed on May 30, 2006 and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2006-0110225, filed on May 30, 2006, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.1. Field of the InventionAn embodiment of the present invention relates to a method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image.2. Description of the Related ArtGenerally, when an image is captured, the image is captured in a RGB format. However, when the captured image is compressed, the image is typically transformed to ...

MOVING PICTURE CODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

An image decoding apparatus is provided. The image decoding apparatus includes a processor which obtains information about a color representation from a bitstream, obtains a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, from the bitstream, and reconstructs the current image by using the residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation. 1. An image decoding method comprising:obtaining information about a color representation from a bitstream;obtaining a prediction direction of a chroma component from among a plurality of prediction modes associated with a prediction direction of a luma component, wherein the plurality of prediction modes include a first mode in which the prediction direction of the chroma component is identical to the prediction direction of the luma component and a second mode in which the prediction direction of the chroma component is different from the prediction direction of the luma component;obtaining a predicted image based on the prediction direction of the luma component and the prediction direction of the chroma component; andreconstructing a current image by using a residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information about the color representation indicates a color space into which color components are represented. This application is a continuation application of pending application U.S. Ser. No. 14/597,627 filed in the United States on Jan. 15, 2015, which is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 11/405,420 filed in the United States on Apr. 18, 2006 now patented as U.S. Pat. No. 8,928,476, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/672,047, filed on Apr. 18, 2005, in the U.S. Trademark and Patent Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.1. Field of the InventionThe present invention ...

IMAGE ENCODING AND DECODING APPARATUS AND METHOD

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image. 1a decoding unit configured to decode a residue of a block, from a bitstream;a weighted prediction unit configured to obtain variables for weighted prediction, including at least one multiplied value (W) and at least one additive value (O), wherein the additive value is obtained according to a bit depth of a pixel, when the weighted prediction is applied to the block, and to obtain a predicted pixel value of the block using the weighted prediction based on the variables; anda reconstructing unit configured to reconstruct the block by using the decoded residue and the predicted pixel value.. An image decoding apparatus comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/ ...

Surgical Navigation System

A surgical navigation system according to one embodiment may comprise: an electromagnetic wave generation unit; a first detection unit attached to a surgical site of an object to detect a position attached to the surgical site; a second detection unit installed in a patient-specific surgical guide instrument inserted into the surgical site to receive the electromagnetic wave and detect the position of the patient-specific surgical guide instrument; a third detection unit installed in the surgical instrument inserted into the surgical site to detect the position of the surgical instrument; an information processing unit for registering the position of the first detection unit and the position of the third detection unit and for tracking the position of the surgical instrument on the basis of the position of the first detection unit attached to the surgical site, by setting the position of the patient-specific surgical guide instrument as a reference position when the patient-specific surgical guide instrument is inserted into the surgical site; and a display unit for displaying information including the positions of the object and the patient-specific surgical guide instrument and the position of the surgical instrument. 1. A surgical navigation system , comprising:an electromagnetic wave generator;a first detector attached to a surgical site of an object and configured to detect a position attached to the surgical site;a second detector installed in a patient-specific instrument (PSI) which is to be inserted into the surgical site, and configured to receive an electromagnetic wave and detect a position of the PSI;a third detector installed in a surgical instrument which is to be inserted into the surgical site and configured to detect a position of the surgical instrument;an information processor configured to register a position of the first detector and a position of the third detector by setting, as a reference position, a position of the PSI being inserted in ...

Method of Reducing a Blocking Artifact When Coding Moving Picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S, S, and S, which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion. 1. (canceled)2. A method for performing a filter operation on a boundary between a first block including a first pixel and a second pixel and a second block including a third pixel and a fourth pixel , the second pixel and the third pixel neighboring each other and separated by the boundary , the first pixel , the second pixel , the third pixel , and the fourth pixel being successive in a horizontal or vertical direction , the method comprising:obtaining a parameter using a difference between the first pixel and the fourth pixel and a difference between the second pixel and the third pixel;obtaining an adjustment value by performing a clipping operation on the parameter;adjusting the second pixel by adding the adjustment value to a value of the second pixel; andadjusting the third pixel by subtracting the adjustment value from a value of the third pixel.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein obtaining the parameter comprises:applying a first constant to the difference between the first pixel and the fourth pixel, andapplying a second constant to the difference between the second pixel and the third pixel.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the first constant and the second constant are different from each other.5. ...

Surgical navigation system

A surgical navigation system according to one embodiment may comprise: an electromagnetic wave generation unit; a first detection unit attached to a surgical site of an object to detect a position attached to the surgical site; a second detection unit installed in a patient-specific surgical guide instrument inserted into the surgical site to receive the electromagnetic wave and detect the position of the patient-specific surgical guide instrument; a third detection unit installed in the surgical instrument inserted into the surgical site to detect the position of the surgical instrument; an information processing unit for registering the position of the first detection unit and the position of the third detection unit and for tracking the position of the surgical instrument on the basis of the position of the first detection unit attached to the surgical site, by setting the position of the patient-specific surgical guide instrument as a reference position when the patient-specific surgical guide instrument is inserted into the surgical site; and a display unit for displaying information including the positions of the object and the patient-specific surgical guide instrument and the position of the surgical instrument.

Background remover

(57)【要約】 【課題】 ブロック間の境界周辺の周波数特性を利用し て動画像のブロック化現象を実時間で除去するのに適し たＭＰＥＧ−４ビデオ符号化方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 デフォールトモードでブロック境界を中 心としてピクセル列Ｓ 0 ，Ｓ 1 ，Ｓ 2 を定め、４ポイント カーネルを用いて各ピクセルに対するブロック境界周辺 の周波数情報を求め、周波数領域におけるブロック境界 に内包された不連続な成分のサイズをフロック境界周辺 に内包された不連続的な成分のサイズの最小値に調整 し、これを空間領域まで実施する。

Method, medium, and apparatus for encoding and/or decoding video

Image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus

Provided are an image encoding apparatus and an image decoding apparatus. The image encoding apparatus includes a compression unit compressing a reference image by reducing a resolution of the reference image in a resolution adjustment mode determined from among at least two resolution adjustment modes according to a distribution of values of pixels of the reference image, and providing the compressed reference image to a memory, a reconstruction unit reconstructing the reference image by increasing a resolution of the compressed reference image stored in the memory to an original resolution, a predictive encoding unit performing predictive encoding on a current image by using the reconstructed reference image, and a predictive decoding unit generating the reference image by performing decoding on the predictive encoded current image, and providing the generated reference image to the compression unit.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Video encoding apparatus and method and video decoding apparatus and method

Method and apparatus for adaptive streaming using scalable video coding scheme

A method which provides a video streaming service, and the method includes: generating layer data for a corresponding video in accordance with a layer coding scheme using residual data; receiving bit rate information including a bit rate decodable in a terminal from the terminal; selecting a layer necessary for a decoding of a video corresponding to the decodable bit rate from among the generated layer data; and transmitting layer information and layer data corresponding to the selected layer to the terminal.

Sensor image encoding and/or decoding system, medium, and method

Sensor image encoding and/or decoding systems, media, and methods. The sensor image encoding system may include a first color component interpolation unit transforming a sensor image into a first format image by interpolating a first color component of at least two color components in the sensor image including the at least two color components, in which one pixel has one color component, and an encoding unit generating a bitstream by encoding the first format image. The sensor image decoding system may include a decoding unit receiving a bitstream obtained by encoding a sensor image including the at least two color components, where one pixel has one color component, and restoring a first format image by using at least two color components obtained by decoding the bitstream, and a first color component interpolation unit interpolating at least one color component in the first format image provided from the decoding unit.

Adaptive variable block transform system, medium, and method

A variable block transform system, medium, and a system, medium, and method for video encoding/decoding using the variable block transform. The system includes a transform block size determination unit that determines the transform block size for components of an input video based on a format, defining the components, of the input video or characteristics of the components, and a transform coding unit that performs transform coding on each of the color components of the input video according to the determined transform block sizes and outputs transform coefficients.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Method and apparatus to encode/decode image efficiently

A method of and apparatus to efficiently encode and/or decode an image are provided. The method of encoding an image includes: calculating a motion vector of a main reference image by estimating a motion of a current image with reference to the main reference image; deriving a motion vector of at least one auxiliary reference image from this motion vector; generating a prediction image of the current image by using a motion vector of the main reference image or the motion vector of the at least one auxiliary reference image; and encoding a residue image between the current image and the prediction image.

Motion vector encoding method for dynamic image

(57)【要約】 【課題】 ＭＰＥＧ−４に対応する動きベクトルの符号 化で全体ビット率を減少させるのに適した動画像の動き ベクトルの符号化方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 マクロブロックに対する探索モードを８ ×８モードに選択する。マクロブロックを構成する４つ の８×８ブロックのブロック１、２、３、４のそれぞれ の第１、第２、第３動きベクトル予測候補を探索する。 ブロック１の動きベクトル中間予測値が動きベクトルの 境界内にあるか否かを比較して、境界内にある場合に は、動きベクトル中間予測値を該当８×８ブロックを符 号化するための予測値に決定し、ない場合には、選択的 に第１、２、３の動きベクトル予測候補のうち境界内に ある予測候補のベクトル値或いは動きベクトル中間予測 値を該当８×８ブロックを符号化するための予測値とし て決定する。同じことを他のブロックに対して繰り返す

Method and apparatus to encode/decode image efficiently

A method of and apparatus to efficiently encode and/or decode an image are provided. The method of encoding an image includes: calculating a motion vector of a main reference image by estimating a motion of a current image with reference to the main reference image; deriving a motion vector of at least one auxiliary reference image from this motion vector; generating a prediction image of the current image by using a motion vector of the main reference image or the motion vector of the at least one auxiliary reference image; and encoding a residue image between the current image and the prediction image.

Method and apparatus to transform/inverse transform and quantize/dequantize color image, and method and apparatus to encode/decode color image using it

Provided are a method and an apparatus for transforming/inverse transforming and quantizing/dequantizing a color image and a method and an apparatus for encoding/decoding a color image using the method and the apparatus. The method of transforming and quantizing the color image includes; transforming a color image into a frequency domain image; differently applying a transformation for removing a redundancy of direct current components of the frequency domain image depending on whether the color image is residual transformed and a macroblock estimation mode; and quantizing the frequency domain image from which the redundancy has been removed.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Color image residue transformation and/or inverse transformation method and apparatus, and color image encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus using the same

A color image residue transform and/or inverse transform method and apparatus, and a color image encoding and/or decoding method and apparatus using the same are provided. The residue transform method includes: obtaining a residue corresponding to the difference of an original image and a predicted image; and transforming the residue by using a relation between residues of color image components. The residue inverse transform method includes: generating a residue for each component by performing residue inverse transform of the residue transformed original image; and restoring the original image by adding a predicted image to the residue of each component. Also, the color image lossless encoding method using the residue transform includes: obtaining a residue corresponding to the difference of an original image and a predicted image; and performing encoding by transforming the residue by using the relation between residues of predetermined components. The decoding method includes: extracting residue transformed image data from the coded data of the original image; generating a residue for each component by performing residue inverse transform of the residue transformed image data; and restoring the original image by adding a predicted image to the residue of each component. According to the methods and apparatuses, by performing transform between residues of each color component, the redundancy of the residue of each color component is removed such that when a color image is encoded, a higher compression efficiency can be achieved.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Method medium system encoding and/or decoding an image using image slices

An encoding method, medium, and system encoding an image, with an image being encoded by generating a plurality of image slices as images of each color component of the image and encoding the image slices in parallel with each other and independently of each other. Accordingly, although an image to be encoded has a large number of color components, the image can be compressed promptly. In addition, a decoding method, medium, and system are also provided decoding an image, with a plurality of encoded image slices being included in a corresponding bitstream, which are images of each color component of the image to be restored, are decoded in parallel with each other and independently of each other so as to restore the image using the decoded image slices. Accordingly, although an image to be decoded has a large number of color components, the image can be restored promptly.

Image encoding and/or decoding system, medium, and method

An image encoding/decoding system, medium, and method. The image encoding system includes a residue production unit arranged to produce first residues corresponding to differences between color components of a current image and color components of a predicted image, a unit arranged to perform spatial transform and quantization with respect to the first residue of a first color component and perform de-quantization and inverse spatial transform with respect to the quantized first residue of the first color component so as to reconstruct the first residue of the first color component, a residue prediction unit arranged to predict second residues with respect to the first residues of the other color components by using the reconstructed first residue of the first color component, and an encoding unit arranged to encode the first residue of the first color component and the second residues of the other color components.

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding image using image residue prediction

An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are disclosed. The encoding method comprises: obtaining a residue corresponding to a difference between the original image and a prediction image with respect to each component of the original image; encoding the residue of a predetermined component of the original image; restoring the encoded residue of the predetermined component and transforming the restored residue into a predetermined value including the restored residue value; and encoding prediction residues corresponding to differences between each of residues of components of the original image, which are not encoded, and the residue, which is restored and transformed into the predetermined value. Since prediction residues are encoded and decoded using correlations between residues of image components and image components, data amount is highly reduced. Also, since there is no quality loss in a picture generated by directly encoding an R-G-B image without transforming it into a Y-Cr-Cb image, high quality image information is obtained.

Motion vector prediction method for moving image

(57)【要約】 【課題】 動きベクトルの計算を双一次補間を選択的に 利用して行う方法で計算量と複雑度を改善した動画像の 動きベクトル予測方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 全てのマクロブロックのＹ成分に対して 動き予測を行う。動きベクトルが求められると符号化予 測モードを決定し、符号化予測モードがＩＮＴＥＲモー ドと決定されたブロックに対してｈａｌｆｐｅｌ探索を 行い、１６×１６ブロックの動きベクトル（ＭＶ 16 ）と 周囲ブロックの動きベクトルを用いて双一次補間を行っ た動きベクトル（ＭＶ i bil ）のうち、該当８×８ブロッ クに対するＳＡＤの小さなベクトルを初期動きベクトル として選択する。

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Motion vector coding method of mpeg-4

(57)【要約】 【課題】 全体的なビット率を減少させて符号化効率を 向上させるに適したＭＰＥＧ-４の動きベクトル符号化 方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 ３つの候補動きベクトルの中から一番差 異の少ない値を探し出してその差分値とモードビットを 伝送する用にしたことを特徴とする。すなわち、３つの 動きベクトル候補の中から動きベクトル符号化に一番少 ないビット率を有する一つの候補を選択し、動きベクト ル予測エラーと予測モード情報をデコーダへ伝送し、動 きベクトル差分値を符号化するための最小ビット率を推 測し、最小率予測を用いてＸ及びＹ成分に対する動きベ クトルを符号化する。

Video coding with prediction using a single coding mode for all color components

A prediction image generation method and apparatus using a single coding mode for all color components and image and video encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses using the same are provided. The prediction image generation apparatus includes: a spatial prediction image generation unit applying an identical prediction direction for each image component in an original image composed of at least two image components, and obtaining a spatial prediction image from a pixel spatially close to a pixel block of a predetermined size of a current frame; a temporal prediction image generation unit applying an identical block size, motion vector, and motion interpolation method for each image component in an original image composed of at least two image components, and obtaining a temporal prediction image by estimating motion in units of blocks of a predetermined size between a previous frame and a current frame of each of the image components; an encoding mode selection unit selecting an encoding mode by using the spatial prediction image and the temporal prediction image; and a single mode prediction image generation unit generating a prediction image by identically applying the encoding mode selected in the encoding mode selection unit to each component. By increasing the redundancy of information between prediction error signals of color components, the encoding efficiency can be enhanced in the method and apparatus.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method are provided. The image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of at least one block having pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to the current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding image

Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding an image. The image decoding method includes estimating a block pattern of a block, using a block pattern of at least one peripheral block of the block, and obtaining an actual block pattern of the block, using a given virtual block pattern of the block and the estimated block pattern.

Method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding an image

An encoding method, medium, and system encoding an image, with an image being encoded by generating a plurality of image slices as images of each color component of the image and encoding the image slices in parallel with each other and independently of each other. Accordingly, although an image to be encoded has a large number of color components, the image can be compressed promptly. In addition, a decoding method, medium, and system are also provided decoding an image, with a plurality of encoded image slices being included in a corresponding bitstream, which are images of each color component of the image to be restored, are decoded in parallel with each other and independently of each other so as to restore the image using the decoded image slices. Accordingly, although an image to be decoded has a large number of color components, the image can be restored promptly.

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

A moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus with improved coding efficiency. A moving picture coding method includes selecting a color space from among a plurality of color spaces, selecting a prediction mode to be commonly applied to all the color components constituting the selected color space, generating first residual data corresponding to differences between a current picture and a predicted picture for each of the color components according to the selected prediction mode, generating second residual data corresponding to differences between the first residual data, and coding the second residual data.

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

A moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus with improved coding efficiency. A moving picture coding method includes selecting a color space from among a plurality of color spaces, selecting a prediction mode to be commonly applied to all the color components constituting the selected color space, generating first residual data corresponding to differences between a current picture and a predicted picture for each of the color components according to the selected prediction mode, generating second residual data corresponding to differences between the first residual data, and coding the second residual data.

Method for operating portable terminal to reduce power during support of communication service and portable terminal supporting the same

剰余画像ダウン／アップサンプリング方法および該装置とそれを利用した画像符号化／復号化方法および装置

【課題】 サンプリング過程で生じる情報の損失が減少し、色相変換を経ていない原画像をすぐに符号化する場合にも効果的にサンプリングできるとともに、色相のみだけではなくいかなる成分でも効果的なサンプリングが可能である剰余画像ダウン／アップサンプリング方法および該装置とそれを利用した画像符号化／復号化方法および装置を提供する。 【解決手段】 少なくとも２種以上の画像成分からなる原画像において、各画像成分別に、原画像と予測画像との差に該当する剰余を生成する段階と、各画像成分別の剰余に対して所定の割合でダウンサンプリングする段階とを含むダウンサンプリング方法、または、原画像で剰余データのダウンサンプリングされているデータをアップサンプリングする段階と、アップサンプリングされている各成分別の剰余に前記予測画像を加えて原画像を復元する段階とを含むアップサンプリング方法。 【選択図】 図９

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

A moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus with improved coding efficiency. A moving picture coding method includes selecting a color space from among a plurality of color spaces, selecting a prediction mode to be commonly applied to all the color components constituting the selected color space, generating first residual data corresponding to differences between a current picture and a predicted picture for each of the color components according to the selected prediction mode, generating second residual data corresponding to differences between the first residual data, and coding the second residual data.

Method for operating portable terminal to reduce power during support of communication service and portable terminal supporting the same

A method for operating a portable terminal so as to reduce power consumption during the support of a communication service and a portable terminal supporting the same is provided. The method includes activating a Radio Frequency (RF) communication unit, downloading a part of data of predetermined contents through the RF communication unit, buffering the downloaded part of the data in a buffer so as to output the buffered downloaded part of the data, and executing an idle time for terminating or reducing a power supply of the RF communication unit when the downloading of the part of the data of the predetermined contents is completed.

Pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, including neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition for treating a degenerative brain disease, comprising pluripotent stem cells-derived neural precursor cells. By injecting the neural precursor cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells to an amyloid beta-injected animal model through an intracerebroventricular route, the effect of strengthening cognitive function can be sustained for a long period of time, and thus, the neural precursor cells may be effectively used for treatment of degenerative brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease.

Pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, including neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, comprising neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells, and, according to one embodiment, neural precursor cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells and administered by intracerebroventricular injection in an amyloid beta injection animal model have the beneficial effect of continuing to be effective in strengthening cognitive function over a long period of time, and thus can be effectively used in the treatment of degenerative brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease.

Pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, including neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition for treating a degenerative brain disease, comprising pluripotent stem cells-derived neural precursor cells. By injecting the neural precursor cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells to an amyloid beta-injected animal model through an intracerebroventricular route, the effect of strengthening cognitive function can be sustained for a long period of time, and thus, the neural precursor cells may be effectively used for treatment of degenerative brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease.

Pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, including neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells

Provided is a pharmaceutical composition for treating a degenerative brain disease, comprising pluripotent stem cells-derived neural precursor cells. By injecting the neural precursor cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells to an amyloid beta-injected animal model through an intracerebroventricular route, the effect of strengthening cognitive function can be sustained for a long period of time, and thus, the neural precursor cells may be effectively used for treatment of degenerative brain diseases including Alzheimer's disease.

Verfahren zum Beseitigen von Blockbildungsartefakten in einem System zum Codieren bewegter Bilder auf niedrige Bitrate

Removing blocking artifacts in a video coding system

Pharmaceutical composition for treating degenerative brain disease, including neural precursor cells derived from pluripotent stem cells

System, medium, and method encoding and/or decoding image data

A system, medium, and method encoding and/or decoding image data. The image data encoding may include a transformer transforming pixel values of an image in the time domain to pixel values in the frequency domain, a quantization coefficient determiner determining a quantization coefficient corresponding to the number of bits per pixel of the image by adjusting a quantization variable defined by a user, a quantization unit quantizing the pixel values transformed by the transformer based on the quantization coefficient determined by the quantization coefficient determiner, and an entropy encoder generating a bitstream of the quantized pixel values.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Image encoding and decoding apparatus and method

An image encoding and decoding apparatus and method, the image encoding and decoding apparatus includes: an encoding unit adjusting at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits expressing each pixel of a current image, predicting a pixel value of a block of interest by performing an operation on a pixel value of at least one block having a pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in a previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and encoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the predicted pixel value of the block of interest; and a decoding unit adjusting the at least one weight value adaptively to the number of bits, restoring the predicted pixel value of the block of interest by performing an operation on the pixel value of the at least one block having the pixel value similar to the pixel value of the block of interest among blocks included in the restored previous image and the at least one adjusted weight value, and decoding the pixel value of the block of interest using the restored pixel value, wherein the previous image refers to an image displayed prior to a current image, and the block of interest is a target block of interest among blocks belonging to the current image.

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding moving pictures by adaptively applying optimal predication modes

A method, medium, and system encoding and/or decoding a moving picture. The moving picture encoding method may include selecting a prediction mode that is optimal for the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components of a current image based on the characteristics of a predetermined image, generating a predicted image for the current image according to the selected prediction mode, and encoding a moving picture using the predicted image. An optimal prediction mode can be adaptively applied to the macro blocks, which correspond to each other, of the color components, thereby increasing the moving picture's encoding and decoding efficiencies.

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image using the same coding mode across components

A method, medium, and apparatus encoding and/or decoding an image in order to increase encoding and decoding efficiency by performing binary-arithmetic coding/decoding on a binary value of a syntax element using a probability model having the same syntax element probability value for respective context index information of each of at least two image components.

Method of reducing a blocking artifact when coding moving picture

A method of coding a moving picture is provided that reduces blocking artifacts. The method can include defining a plurality of defining pixels S 0 , S 1 , and S 2 , which are centered around a block boundary. If a default mode is selected then frequency information of the surroundings of the block boundary is obtained. A magnitude of a discontinuous component in a frequency domain belonging to the block boundary is adjusted based on a magnitude of a corresponding discontinuous component selected from a pixel contained entirely within a block adjacent the block boundary. The frequency domain adjustment is then applied to a spatial domain. Or, a DC offset mode can be selected to reduce blocking artifacts in smooth regions where there is little motion.

Moving picture coding/decoding method and apparatus

An image decoding apparatus is provided. The image decoding apparatus includes a processor which obtains information about a color representation from a bitstream, obtains a residue, which corresponds to a difference between a current image and a predicted image of the current image, from the bitstream, and reconstructs the current image by using the residue and the predicted image, based on the information about the color representation.